title:
Following a Trend with an Exponential Moving Average: Analytical Results
  for a Gaussian Model

abstract:
  We investigate how price variations of a stock are transformed into profits
and losses (P&Ls) of a trend following strategy. In the frame of a Gaussian
model, we derive the probability distribution of P&Ls and analyze its moments
(mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis) and asymptotic behavior (quantiles). We
show that the asymmetry of the distribution (with often small losses and less
frequent but significant profits) is reminiscent to trend following strategies
and less dependent on peculiarities of price variations. At short times, trend
following strategies admit larger losses than one may anticipate from standard
Gaussian estimates, while smaller losses are ensured at longer times. Simple
explicit formulas characterizing the distribution of P&Ls illustrate the basic
mechanisms of momentum trading, while general matrix representations can be
applied to arbitrary Gaussian models. We also compute explicitly annualized
risk adjusted P&L and strategy turnover to account for transaction costs. We
deduce the trend following optimal timescale and its dependence on both
auto-correlation level and transaction costs. Theoretical results are
illustrated on the Dow Jones index.


title:
$K^+\Lambda$ and $K^+\Sigma^0$ photoproduction with fine center-of-mass
  energy resolution

abstract:
  Measurements of $\gamma p \rightarrow K^{+} \Lambda$ and $\gamma p
\rightarrow K^{+} \Sigma^0$ cross-sections have been obtained with the photon
tagging facility and the Crystal Ball calorimeter at MAMI-C. The measurement
uses a novel $K^+$ meson identification technique in which the weak decay
products are characterized using the energy and timing characteristics of the
energy deposit in the calorimeter, a method that has the potential to be
applied at many other facilities. The fine center-of-mass energy ($W$)
resolution and statistical accuracy of the new data results in a significant
impact on partial wave analyses aiming to better establish the excitation
spectrum of the nucleon. The new analyses disfavor a strong role for
quark-diquark dynamics in the nucleon.


title:
Superconductivity in Ba1-xKxTi2Sb2O (0 < x < 1) controlled by charge
  doping

abstract:
  The solid solution of antimonide-oxides Ba1-xKxTi2Sb2O (0 < x < 1) has been
synthesized by solid-state reactions and characterized by X-ray powder
diffraction (CeCr2Si2C-type structure; P4/mmm, Z = 1). The crystal structure
consists of Ti2Sb2O-layers that are stacked with layers of barium atoms along
the c-axis. BaTi2Sb2O is a known superconductor with a critical temperature
(Tc) of 1.2 K. Substitution of barium through potassium raises Tc up to 6.1 K
at 12 % potassium, while no superconductivity emerges with concentrations
higher than 20 %. Anomalies in electrical transport and magnetic susceptibility
indicate charge density wave (CDW) instabilities. The CDW transition
temperatures (Ta) decrease from 50 K in the parent compound to 28 K at 10 %
potassium substitution. No CDW transition was detected at higher
concentrations, and no evidence for a reduction of the lattice symmetry below
Ta was found. The lattice parameters vary linearly while the unit cell volume
increases with higher potassium concentrations. The phase diagrams Tc(x) and
Ta(x) of Ba1-xKxTi2Sb2O are remarkably similar to the known series
Ba1-xNaxTi2Sb2O (0 < x < 0.33) in spite of the reverse volume effect. From this
we conclude that the charge and not the volume determines the phase diagrams of
these superconducting antimony oxides.


title: Detection of copy-move forgery in digital images based on DCT

abstract:
  With rapid advances in digital information processing systems, and more
specifically in digital image processing software, there is a widespread
development of advanced tools and techniques for digital image forgery. One of
the techniques most commonly used is the Copy-move forgery which proceeds by
copying a part of an image and pasting it into the same image, in order to
maliciously hide an object or a region. In this paper, we propose a method to
detect this specific kind of counterfeit. Firstly, the color image is converted
from RGB color space to YCbCr color space and then the R, G, B and Y-component
are splitted into fixed-size overlapping blocks and, features are extracted
from the R, G and B-components image blocks on one hand and on the other, from
the DCT representation of the R, G, B and Ycomponent image block. The feature
vectors obtained are then lexicographically sorted to make similar image blocks
neighbors and duplicated image blocks are identified using Euclidean distance
as similarity criterion. Experimental results showed that the proposed method
can detect the duplicated regions when there is more than one copy move forged
area in the image and even in case of slight rotations, JPEG compression,
shift, scale, blur and noise addition.


title: Determination of the universality class of crystal plasticity

abstract:
  Although scaling phenomena have long been documented in crystalline
plasticity, the universality class has been difficult to identify due to the
rarity of avalanche events, which require large system sizes and long times in
order to accurately measure scaling exponents and functions. Here we present
comprehensive simulations of two-dimensional dislocation dynamics under shear,
using finite-size scaling to extract scaling exponents and the avalanche
profile scaling function from time-resolved measurements of slip-avalanches.
Our results provide compelling evidence that both the static and dynamic
universality classes are consistent with the mean-field interface depinning
model.


title: The ultimate theoretical error on gamma from B -> D K decays

abstract:
  The angle gamma of the standard CKM unitarity triangle can be determined from
B -> D K decays with a very small irreducible theoretical error, which is only
due to second-order electroweak corrections. We study these contributions and
estimate that their impact on the gamma determination is to introduce a shift
|delta gamma| <~ O(10^-7), well below any present or planned future experiment.


title:
Topological superconductivity at the edge of transition metal
  dichalcogenides

abstract:
  Time-reversal breaking topological superconductors are new states of matter
which can support Majorana zero modes at the edge. In this paper, we propose a
new realization of one-dimensional topological superconductivity and Majorana
zero modes. The proposed system consists of a monolayer of transition metal
dichalcogenides MX2 (M=Mo, W; X=S, Se) on top of a superconducting substrate.
Based on first-principles calculations, we show that a zigzag edge of the
monolayer MX2 terminated by metal atom M has edge states with strong spin-orbit
coupling and spontaneous magnetization. By proximity coupling with a
superconducting substrate, topological superconductivity can be induced at such
an edge. We propose NbS2 as a natural choice of substrate, and estimate the
proximity induced superconducting gap based on first-principles calculation and
low energy effective model. As an experimental consequence of our theory, we
predict that Majorana zero modes can be detected at the 120 degree corner of a
MX2 flake in proximity with a superconducting substrate.


title:
Grand Yukawonification : SO(10) grand unified theories with dynamical
  Yukawa couplings

abstract:
  Renormalizable SO(10) grand unified theories (GUTs), extended by $O(N_g)_F$
family gauge symmetry, generate minimal supersymmetric Standard Model flavour
structure dynamically via vacuum expectation values of "Yukawon" Higgs
multiplets. For concrete illustration and calculability, we work with the fully
realistic minimal supersymmetric GUTs based on the $\bf{210 \oplus
{\overline{126}}\oplus 126} $ GUT Higgs system - which were already parameter
counting minimal relative to other realistic models. $SO(10)$ fermion Higgs
channels $\bf{{\overline{126}},10}$($\mathbf{120}$) extend to
symmetric(antisymmetric) representations of $O(N_g)_F$, while
$\mathbf{210,126}$ are symmetric. $N_g=3$ dynamical Yukawa generation reduces
the matter fermion Yukawas from 15 to 3 (21 to 5) without (with) the $\bf{120}$
Higgs. Yukawon GUTs are thus ultraminimal in parameter counting terms.
Consistent symmetry breaking is ensured by a hidden sector Bajc-Melfo(BM)
superpotential with a pair of symmetric $O(N_g)$ multiplets $\phi,S $, of which
the latter's singlet part $S_s$ breaks supersymmetry and the traceless part
$\hat S $ furnishes flat directions to cancel the $O(N_g)$ D-term contributions
of the visible sector. Novel dark matter candidates linked to flavour symmetry
arise from both the BM sector and GUT sector minimal supersymmetric Standard
Model singlet pseudo-Goldstones. These relics may be viable light($< 50 $ GeV)
cold dark matter as reported by DAMA/LIBRA. In contrast to the new minimal
supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified theory (NMSGUT) even sterile neutrinos can
appear in certain branches of the flavour symmetry breaking without the tuning
of couplings.


title:
Spin lock composite and shaped pulses for efficient and robust pumping
  of dark states in magnetic resonance

abstract:
  Long-lived (symmetry protected) hyperpolarized spin states offer important
new opportunities (for example, in clinical MR imaging), but existing methods
for producing these states are limited by either excess energy dissipation or
high sensitivity to inhomogeneities. We extend recent work on continuous-wave
irradiation of nearly-equivalent spins (spin-lock induced crossing) by
designing composite pulse and adiabatic shaped-pulse excitations which overcome
the limitations. These composite and adiabatic pulses differ drastically from
the traditional solutions in two-level systems. We also show this works in
chemically equivalent spin pairs, which has the advantage of allowing for
polarization transfer from and to remote spins. The approach is broadly
applicable to systems where varying excitation strength induces an avoided
crossing to a dark state, and thus to many other spectroscopic regimes.


title: Kobayashi pseudometric on hyperkahler manifolds

abstract:
  The Kobayashi pseudometric on a complex manifold is the maximal pseudometric
such that any holomorphic map from the Poincar\'e disk to the manifold is
distance-decreasing. Kobayashi has conjectured that this pseudometric vanishes
on Calabi-Yau manifolds. Using ergodicity of complex structures, we prove this
conjecture for any hyperk\"ahler manifold that admits a deformation with two
Lagrangian fibrations and whose Picard rank is not maximal. The
Strominger-Yau-Zaslow (SYZ) conjecture claims that parabolic nef line bundles
on hyperk\"ahler manifolds are semi-ample. We prove that the Kobayashi
pseudometric vanishes for any hyperk\"ahler manifold with $b_2\geq 13$ if the
SYZ conjecture holds for all its deformations. This proves the Kobayashi
conjecture for all K3 surfaces and their Hilbert schemes.


title: An Integral Equation Approach to the Dynamics of L2-3 Cortical Neurons

abstract:
  How do neuronal populations encode time-dependent stimuli in their population
firing rate? To address this question, I consider the quasi-renewal equation
and the event-based expansion, two theoretical approximations proposed
recently, and test these against peri-stimulus time histograms from L2-3
pyramidal cells in vitro. Parameters are optimized by gradient descent to best
match the firing rate output given the current input. The fitting method can
estimate single-neuron parameters that are normally obtained either with
intracellular recordings or with individual spike trains. I find that
quasi-renewal theory predicts the adapting firing rate with good precision but
not the event-based expansion. Quasi-renewal predictions are equal in quality
with state-of-the-art spike timing prediction methods, and does so without
resorting to the indiviual spike times or the membrane potential responses.


title: Discrete R-symmetries and Anomaly Universality in Heterotic Orbifolds

abstract:
  We study discrete R-symmetries, which appear in 4D low energy effective field
theory derived from hetetoric orbifold models. We derive the R-symmetries
directly from geometrical symmetries of orbifolds. In particular, we obtain the
corresponding R-charges by requiring that the couplings be invariant under
these symmetries. This allows for a more general treatment than the explicit
computations of correlation functions made previously by the authors, including
models with discrete Wilson lines, and orbifold symmetries beyond
plane-by-plane rotational invariance. Surprisingly, for the cases covered by
earlier explicit computations, the R-charges differ from the previous result.
We study the anomalies associated with these R-symmetries, and comment on the
results.


title: Charge-symmetry breaking forces and isospin mixing in 8Be

abstract:
  We report Green's function Monte Carlo calculations of isospin-mixing (IM)
matrix elements for the 2+, 1+, and 3+ T=0,1 pairs of states at 16--19 MeV
excitation in 8Be. The realistic Argonne v18 (AV18) two-nucleon and Illinois-7
three-nucleon potentials are used to generate the nuclear wave functions.
Contributions from the full electromagnetic interaction and strong class III
charge-symmetry-breaking (CSB) components of the AV18 potential are evaluated.
We also examine two theoretically more complete CSB potentials based on
rho-omega mixing, tuned to give the same neutron-neutron scattering length as
AV18. The contribution of these different CSB potentials to the 3H-3He,
7Li-7Be, and 8Li-8B isovector energy differences is evaluated and reasonable
agreement with experiment is obtained. Finally, for the 8Be IM calculation we
add the small class IV CSB terms coming from one-photon, one-pion, and one-rho
exchange, as well as rho-omega mixing. The expectation values of the three CSB
models vary by up to 20% in the isovector energy differences, but only by 10%
or less in the IM matrix element. The total matrix element gives 85--90% of the
experimental IM value of -145 keV for the 2+ doublet, with about two thirds
coming from the Coulomb interaction. We also report the IM matrix element to
the first 2+ state at 3 MeV excitation, which is the final state for various
tests of the Standard Model for beta-decay.


title: Measuring the Mass of Dark Matter at the LHC

abstract:
  Many methods have been developed for measuring the mass of invisible
particles that only use kinematic information available at hadron colliders.
Because a particle is identified by its mass, these methods are critical when
distinguishing between dark matter and fake dark matter, where a neutrino or
other massless states can mimic a dark-matter signal. However, the uncertainty
associated with measuring the mass of an invisible particle could be so large
that it is indistinguishable from a neutrino. Monte Carlo is used to estimate
lower bounds on how heavy an invisible particle must be in order for it to be
distinguishable from a massless one at 95% CL, which we estimate to be O(10
GeV). This result, to a good approximation, is independent of the way the
massive final-state particle is produced. If there is a light dark-matter
particle with mass O(10 GeV), its presence will be difficult to unambiguously
identify at the LHC, using kinematic information alone.


title:
Enhanced ferromagnetic moment in Co-doped BiFeO3 thin films studied by
  soft X-ray circular dichroism

abstract:
  BiFeO$_3$ (BFO) shows both ferroelectricity and magnetic ordering at room
temperature but its ferromagnetic component, which is due to spin canting, is
negligible. Substitution of transition-metal atoms such as Co for Fe is known
to enhance the ferromagnetic component in BFO. In order to reveal the origin of
such magnetization enhancement, we performed soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy
(XAS) and soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) studies of
BiFe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$O$_3$ ({\it x} = 0 to 0.30) (BFCO) thin films grown on
LaAlO$_3$(001) substrates. The XAS results indicated that the Fe and Co ions
are in the Fe$^{3+}$ and Co$^{3+}$ states. The XMCD results showed that the Fe
ions show ferromagnetism while the Co ions are antiferromagnetic at room
temperature. The XAS and XMCD measurements also revealed that part of the
Fe$^{3+}$ ions are tetrahedrally co-ordinated by oxygen ions but that the XMCD
signals of the octahedrally coordinated Fe$^{3+}$ ions increase with Co
content. The results suggest that an impurity phase such as the ferrimagnetic
$\gamma$-Fe$_2$O$_3$ which exists at low Co concentration decreases with
increasing Co concentration and that the ferromagnetic component of the
Fe$^{3+}$ ion in the octrahedral crystal fields increases with Co
concentration, probably reflecting the increased canting of the Fe$^{3+}$ ions.


title: Nonlocal linear compression of two-photon time interval distribution

abstract:
  We propose a linear compression technique for the time interval distribution
of photon pairs. Using a partially frequency-entangled two-photon (TP) state
with appropriate mean time width, the compressed TP time interval width can be
kept in the minimum limit set by the phase modulation, and is independent of
its initial width. As a result of this effect, ultra-narrow TP time interval
distribution can be compressed with relatively slow phase modulators to
decrease the damage of the phase-instability arising from the phase modulation
process.


title: Warm Gauge-Flation

abstract:
  Non-abelian gauge field inflation is studied in the context of warm inflation
scenario. We introduce this scenario as a mechanism that gives an end for
gauge-flation model. Slow-roll parameters and perturbation parameters are
presented for this model. We find the general conditions which are required for
this model to be realizable in slow-roll approximation. We also develop our
model in the context of intermediate and logamediate scenarios which are exact
solutions of inflationary field equation in the Einstein theory. General
expressions of slow-roll parameters, tensor-scalar ratio and scalar spectral
index are presented in terms of inflaton field for these two cases. Our model
is compatible with recent observational data from Planck satellite.


title: Dynamics of Charged Radiating Collapse in Modified Gauss-Bonnet Gravity

abstract:
  This paper deals with the dynamics of a shearfree charged radiating collapse
in modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity. The field equations for shearfree spherical
interior geometry of a charged dissipative star are formulated. To study the
dynamical behavior of collapsing matter, we derive the dynamical as well as
transport equations. We conclude that the gravitational force in modified
Gauss-Bonnet gravity is much stronger as compared to general relativity which
implies the increase in the rate of collapse. Finally, we study the effect of
charge on the dynamics of collapse.


title: Effects of variable neighbourhood on spreading processes

abstract:
  A theoretical framework for the description of Susceptible-Infected-Removed
(SIR) spreading processes with synergistic transmission of infection on a
lattice is developed. The model incorporates explicitly the effects of a
time-dependent environment on the transmission of infection between hosts.
Exact solution of the model shows that time-dependence of the neighbourhood of
recipient hosts is a key factor for synergistic spreading processes. It is
demonstrated that the higher the connectivity of a lattice, the more prominent
is the effect of synergy on spread.


title:
Three-intensity decoy state method for device independent quantum key
  distribution

abstract:
  We study the measurement device independent quantum key distribution
(MDI-QKD) in practice with limited resource, when there are only 3 different
states in implementing the decoy-state method. We present a more tightened
explicit formula to estimate the lower bound of the yield of two-single-photon
pulses. Moreover, we show that the bounding of this yield and phase flip error
of single photon pulse pairs can be further improved by using other constraints
which can be solved by a simple and explicit program. Results of numerical
simulation for key rates with both the improved explicit formula and the
program are presented. It shows that the results obtained with our methods here
can significantly improve the key rate and secure distance of MDI QKD with only
three intensities.


title:
Modeling the Dynamics of Infectious Diseases in Different Scale-Free
  Networks with the Same Degree Distribution

abstract:
  The transmission dynamics of some infectious diseases is related to the
contact structure between individuals in a network. We used five algorithms to
generate contact networks with different topological structure but with the
same scale-free degree distribution. We simulated the spread of acute and
chronic infectious diseases on these networks, using SI (Susceptible -
Infected) and SIS (Susceptible - Infected - Susceptible) epidemic models. In
the simulations, our objective was to observe the effects of the topological
structure of the networks on the dynamics and prevalence of the simulated
diseases. We found that the dynamics of spread of an infectious disease on
different networks with the same degree distribution may be considerably
different.


title:
Low Virial Parameters in Molecular Clouds: Implications for High Mass
  Star Formation and Magnetic Fields

abstract:
  Whether or not molecular clouds and embedded cloud fragments are stable
against collapse is of utmost importance for the study of the star formation
process. Only "supercritical" cloud fragments are able to collapse and form
stars. The virial parameter, alpha=M_vir/M, which compares the virial to the
actual mass, provides one way to gauge stability against collapse.
Supercritical cloud fragments are characterized by alpha<2, as indicated by a
comprehensive stability analysis considering perturbations in pressure and
density gradients. Past research has suggested that virial parameters alpha>2
prevail in clouds. This would suggest that collapse towards star formation is a
gradual and relatively slow process, and that magnetic fields are not needed to
explain the observed cloud structure. Here, we review a range of very recent
observational studies that derive virial parameters <<2 and compile a catalogue
of 1325 virial parameter estimates. Low values of alpha are in particular
observed for regions of high mass star formation (HMSF). These observations may
argue for a more rapid and violent evolution during collapse. This would enable
"competitive accretion" in HMSF, constrain some models of "monolithic
collapse", and might explain the absence of high--mass starless cores.
Alternatively, the data could point at the presence of significant magnetic
fields ~1 mG at high gas densities. We examine to what extent the derived
observational properties might be biased by observational or theoretical
uncertainties. For a wide range of reasonable parameters, our conclusions
appear to be robust with respect to such biases.


title:
Sudden and slow quenches into the antiferromagnetic phase of ultracold
  fermions

abstract:
  We propose a method to reach the antiferromagnetic state of two-dimensional
Fermi gases trapped in optical lattices: Independent subsystems are prepared in
suitable initial states and then connected by a sudden or slow quench of the
tunneling between the subsystems. Examples of suitable low-entropy subsystems
are double wells or plaquettes, which can be experimentally realised in Mott
insulating shells using optical super-lattices. We estimate the effective
temperature T* of the system after the quench by calculating the distribution
of excitations created using the spin wave approximation in a Heisenberg model.
We investigate the effect of an initial staggered magnetic field and find that
for an optimal polarisation of the initial state the effective temperature can
be significantly reduced from T*$\approx$1.7 Tc at zero polarisation to
T*<0.65Tc, where Tc is the crossover temperature to the antiferromagnetic
state. The temperature can be further reduced using a finite quench time. We
also show that T* decreases logarithmically with the linear size of the
subsystem.


title: H-ATLAS: estimating redshifts of Herschel sources from sub-mm fluxes

abstract:
  Upon its completion the Herschel ATLAS (H-ATLAS) will be the largest
submillimetre survey to date, detecting close to half-a-million sources. It
will only be possible to measure spectroscopic redshifts for a small fraction
of these sources. However, if the rest-frame spectral energy distribution (SED)
of a typical H-ATLAS source is known, this SED and the observed Herschel fluxes
can be used to estimate the redshifts of the H-ATLAS sources without
spectroscopic redshifts. In this paper, we use a subset of 40 H-ATLAS sources
with previously measured redshifts in the range 0.5<z<4.2 to derive a suitable
average template for high redshift H-ATLAS sources. We find that a template
with two dust components T_c = 23.9 K, T_h = 46.9 K and ratio of mass of cold
dust to mass of warm dust of 30.1) provides a good fit to the rest-frame fluxes
of the sources in our calibration sample. We use a jackknife technique to
estimate the accuracy of the redshifts estimated with this template, finding a
root mean square of Delta z/(1+z) = 0.26. For sources for which there is prior
information that they lie at z > 1 we estimate that the rms of Delta z/(1+z) =
0.12. We have used this template to estimate the redshift distribution for the
sources detected in the H-ATLAS equatorial fields, finding a bimodal
distribution with a mean redshift of 1.2, 1.9 and 2.5 for 250, 350 and 500 um
selected sources respectively. \end{abstract}


title:
Rapid Eccentricity Oscillations and the Mergers of Compact Objects in
  Hierarchical Triples

abstract:
  Kozai-Lidov (KL) oscillations can accelerate compact object mergers via
gravitational wave (GW) radiation by driving the inner binaries of hierarchical
triples to high eccentricities. We perform direct three-body integrations of
high mass ratio compact object triple systems using Fewbody including
post-Newtonian terms. We find that the inner binary undergoes rapid
eccentricity oscillations (REOs) on the timescale of the outer orbital period
which drive it to higher eccentricities than secular theory would otherwise
predict, resulting in substantially reduced merger times. For a uniform
distribution of tertiary eccentricity ($e_2$), ~40% of systems merge within
~1-2 eccentric KL timescales whereas secular theory predicts that only ~20% of
such systems merge that rapidly. This discrepancy becomes especially pronounced
at low $e_2$, with secular theory overpredicting the merger time by many orders
of magnitude. We show that a non-negligible fraction of systems have
eccentricity > 0.8 when they merge, in contrast to predictions from secular
theory. Our results are applicable to high mass ratio triple systems containing
black holes or neutron stars. In objects in which tidal effects are important,
such as white dwarfs, stars, and planets, REOs can reduce the tidal
circularization timescale by an order of magnitude and bring the components of
the inner binary into closer orbits than would be possible in the secular
approximation.


title: Spin fluctuations and superconductivity in KxFe{2-y}Se2

abstract:
  Superconductivity in alkali-intercalated iron selenide, with T_c's of 30K and
above, may have a different origin than that of the other Fe-based
superconductors, since it appears that the Fermi surface does not have any
holelike sheets centered around the Gamma point. Here we investigate the
symmetry of the superconducting gap in the framework of spin-fluctuation
pairing calculations using density functional theory bands downfolded onto a
three-dimensional (3D), ten-orbital tight-binding model, treating the
interactions in the random-phase approximation (RPA). We find a leading
instability towards a state with d-wave symmetry, but show that the details of
the gap function depend sensitively on electronic structure. As required by
crystal symmetry, quasi-nodes on electron pockets always occur, but are shown
to be either horizontal, looplike or vertical depending on details. A variety
of other 3D gap structures, including bonding-antibonding s-symmetry states
which change sign between inner and outer electron pockets are found to be
subdominant. We then investigate the possibility that spin-orbit coupling
effects on the one-electron band structure, which lead to enhanced splitting of
the two M-centered electron pockets in the 2-Fe zone, may stabilize the
bonding-antibonding s_+/- wave states. Finally, we discuss our results in the
context of current phenomenological theories and experiments.


title:
Formation of Compact Clusters from High Resolution Hybrid Cosmological
  Simulations

abstract:
  The early Universe hosted a large population of small dark matter `minihalos'
that were too small to cool and form stars on their own. These existed as
static objects around larger galaxies until acted upon by some outside
influence. Outflows, which have been observed around a variety of galaxies, can
provide this influence in such a way as to collapse, rather than disperse the
minihalo gas. Gray & Scannapieco performed an investigation in which idealized
spherically-symmetric minihalos were struck by enriched outflows. Here we
perform high-resolution cosmological simulations that form realistic minihalos,
which we then extract to perform a large suite of simulations of
outflow-minihalo interactions including non-equilibrium chemical reactions. In
all models, the shocked minihalo forms molecules through non-equilibrium
reactions, and then cools to form dense chemically homogenous clumps of
star-forming gas. The formation of these high-redshift clusters will be
observable with the next generation of telescopes, and the largest of them
should survive to the present day, having properties similar to halo globular
clusters.


title: A new class of N=1 no-scale supergravity models

abstract:
  We introduce a new N=1 no-scale supergravity model with F- and D-term
breaking. It contains a single chiral supermultiplet T and a single U(1) vector
multiplet U, gauging an axionic shift symmetry. Both supersymmetry and the
gauge symmetry are spontaneously broken, with the spin-3/2, spin-1 and spin-1/2
masses sliding along a classical flat direction, with a single real massless
scalar in the spectrum. The other degrees of freedom are absorbed by the
massive gravitino and vector. We extend our model, under very mild conditions,
to general gauge groups and matter content.


title: Factorization of unitarity and black hole firewalls

abstract:
  Unitary black hole evaporation necessarily involves a late-time superposition
of decoherent states, including states describing distinct spacetimes (e.g.,
different center of mass trajectories of the black hole). Typical analyses of
the black hole information problem, including the argument for the existence of
firewalls, assume approximate unitarity ("factorization of unitarity") on each
of the decoherent spacetimes. This factorization assumption is non-trivial, and
indeed may be incorrect. We describe an ansatz for the radiation state that
violates factorization and which allows unitarity and the equivalence principle
to coexist (no firewall). Unitarity without factorization provides a natural
realization of the idea of black hole complementarity.


title: Algebraic renormalization and Feynman integrals in configuration spaces

abstract:
  This paper continues our previous study of Feynman integrals in configuration
spaces and their algebro-geometric and motivic aspects. We consider here both
massless and massive Feynman amplitudes, from the point of view of potential
theory. We consider a variant of the wonderful compactification of
configuration spaces that works simultaneously for all graphs with a given
number of vertices and that also accounts for the external structure of Feynman
graph. As in our previous work, we consider two version of the Feynman
amplitude in configuration space, which we refer to as the real and complex
versions. In the real version, we show that we can extend to the massive case a
method of evaluating Feynman integrals, based on expansion in Gegenbauer
polynomials, that we investigated previously in the massless case. In the
complex setting, we show that we can use algebro-geometric methods to
renormalize the Feynman amplitudes, so that the renormalized values of the
Feynman integrals are given by periods of a mixed Tate motive. The
regularization and renormalization procedure is based on pulling back the form
to the wonderful compactification and replace it with a cohomologous one with
logarithmic poles. A complex of forms with logarithmic poles, endowed with an
operator of pole subtraction, determines a Rota Baxter algebra on the wonderful
compactifications. We can then apply the renormalization procedure via Birkhoff
factorization, after interpreting the regularization as an algebra homomorphism
from the Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra of Feynman graphs to the Rota-Baxter
algebra. We obtain in this setting a description of the renormalization group.
We also extend the period interpretation to the case of Dirac fermions and
gauge bosons.


title: Joint quantum measurements with minimum uncertainty

abstract:
  Quantum physics constrains the accuracy of joint measurements of incompatible
observables. Here we test tight measurement-uncertainty relations using single
photons. We implement two independent, idealized uncertainty-estimation
methods, the 3-state method and the weak-measurement method, and adapt them to
realistic experimental conditions. Exceptional quantum state fidelities of up
to 0.99998(6) allow us to verge upon the fundamental limits of measurement
uncertainty.


title: What do non-relativistic CFTs tell us about Lifshitz spacetimes?

abstract:
  We study the reconstructability of (d+2)-dimensional bulk spacetime from
(d+1)-dimensional boundary data, particularly concentrating on backgrounds
which break (d+1)-dimensional Lorentz invariance. For a large class of such
spacetimes, there exist null geodesics which do not reach the boundary.
Therefore classically we expect some information is trapped in the bulk and
thus invisible at the boundary. We show that this classical intuition correctly
predicts the quantum situation: whenever there are null geodesics which do not
reach the boundary, there are also "trapped scalar modes" whose boundary
imprint is exponentially suppressed. We use these modes to show that no
smearing function exists for pure Lifshitz spacetime, nor for any flow which
includes a Lifshitz region. Indeed, for any (planar) spacetime which breaks
(d+1)-dimensional Lorentz invariance at any radius, we show that local boundary
data cannot reconstruct complete local bulk data.


title: A Note on Entanglement, Nonlocality, and Superluminal Signaling

abstract:
  An alternative approach to "entanglement, nonlocality, and superluminal
signaling" is advocated. It is inspired on Faraday's way of viewing physics.


title: Composed inclusions of $A_3$ and $A_4$ subfactors

abstract:
  In this article, we classify all standard invariants that can arise from a
composed inclusion of an $A_3$ with an $A_4$ subfactor. More precisely, if
$\mathcal{N}\subset \mathcal{P}$ is the $A_3$ subfactor and
$\mathcal{P}\subset\mathcal{M}$ is the $A_4$ subfactor, then only four standard
invariants can arise from the composed inclusion
$\mathcal{N}\subset\mathcal{M}$. This answers a question posed by Bisch and
Haagerup in 1994. The techniques of this paper also show that there are exactly
four standard invariants for the composed inclusion of two $A_4$ subfactors.


title:
Loop erased random walk on percolation cluster: Crossover from Euclidean
  to fractal geometry

abstract:
  We study loop erased random walk (LERW) on the percolation cluster, with
occupation probability $p\geq p_c$, in two and three dimensions. We find that
the fractal dimensions of LERW$_p$ is close to normal LERW in Euclidean
lattice, for all $p>p_c$. However our results reveal that LERW on critical
incipient percolation clusters is fractal with $d_{f}=1.217\pm0.0015$ for d = 2
and $1.44\pm0.03$ for d = 3, independent of the coordination number of the
lattice. These values are consistent with the known values for optimal path
exponents in strongly disordered media. We investigate how the behavior of the
LERW$_p$ crosses over from Euclidean to fractal geometry by gradually
decreasing the value of the parameter p from 1 to $p_c$. For finite systems,
two crossover exponents and a scaling relation can be derived. This work opens
up a new theoretical window regarding diffusion process on fractal and random
landscapes.


title: Angular Power Spectrum of B-mode Polarization from Cosmic String Wakes

abstract:
  Cosmic string wakes produce direct B-mode polarization at leading order in
cosmological perturbation theory, as worked out in a previous publication
\cite{BDH} in the case of a single string wake. Here we compute the angular
power spectrum of B-mode polarization from a scaling distribution of string
wakes. We find that the averaging which enters in computing the power spectrum
renders the signal, which is distinctive in position space maps, too small in
amplitude to be detectable with the first generation B-mode surveys. In
addition, the spectral shape is similar to that of gravitational lensing,
making it additionally difficult to detect the cosmic string signal from the
angular power spectrum. Hence, a more promising way to constrain cosmic strings
using B-mode polarization is by analyzing position space maps using novel
algorithms such as the Canny algorithm.


title: Strangeness Vector and Axial-Vector Form Factors of the Nucleon

abstract:
  A revised global fit of electroweak $ep$ and $\nu p$ elastic scattering data
has been performed, with the goal of determining the strange quark contribution
to the vector and axial-vector form factors of the nucleon in the
momentum-transfer range $0<Q^2<1$ GeV$^2$. The two vector (electric and
magnetic) form factors $G_E^s(Q^2)$ and $G_M^s(Q^2)$ are strongly constrained
by $ep$ elastic scattering data, while the major source of information on the
axial-vector form factor $G_A^s(Q^2)$ is $\nu p$ scattering data. Combining the
two kinds of data into a single global fit makes possible additional precision
in the determination of these form factors, and provides a unique way to
determine the strange quark contribution to the nucleon spin, $\Delta S$,
independently of leptonic deep-inelastic scattering. The fit makes use of data
from the BNL-E734, SAMPLE, HAPPEx, G0, and PVA4 experiments; we will also
compare the result of the fit with recent data from MiniBooNE, and anticipate
how this fit can be improved when new data from MicroBooNE become available.


title:
Complemented Brunn-Minkowski Inequalities and Isoperimetry for
  Homogeneous and Non-Homogeneous Measures

abstract:
  Elementary proofs of sharp isoperimetric inequalities on a normed space
$(\mathbb{R}^n,||\cdot||)$ equipped with a measure $\mu = w(x) dx$ so that
$w^p$ is homogeneous are provided, along with a characterization of the
corresponding equality cases. When $p \in (0,\infty]$ and in addition $w^p$ is
assumed concave, the result is an immediate corollary of the
Borell-Brascamp-Lieb extension of the classical Brunn-Minkowski inequality,
providing an elementary proof of a recent result of Cabr\'e-Ros Oton-Serra.
When $p \in (-1/n,0)$, the relevant property turns out to be a novel
"complemented Brunn-Minkowski" inequality, which we show is always satisfied by
$\mu$ when $w^p$ is homogeneous. This gives rise to a new class of measures,
which are "complemented" analogues of the class of convex measures introduced
by Borell, but which have vastly different properties. The resulting
isoperimetric inequality and characterization of isoperimetric minimizers
extends beyond the recent results of Ca\~{n}ete--Rosales and Howe. The
isoperimetric and Brunn-Minkowski type inequalities extend to the
non-homogeneous setting, under a certain log-convexity assumption on the
density. Finally, we obtain functional, Sobolev and Nash-type versions of the
studied inequalities.


title:
Fisher Analysis on Wide-Band Polarimetry for Probing the Intergalactic
  Magnetic Field

abstract:
  We investigate the capability of ongoing radio telescopes for probing Faraday
rotation measure (RM) due to the intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) in the
large-scale structure of the universe which is expected to be of order $O(1)
{\rm rad/m^2}$. We consider polarization observations of a compact radio source
such as quasars behind a diffuse source such as the Galaxy, and calculate
Stokes parameters $Q$ and $U$ assuming a simple model of the Faraday dispersion
functions with Gaussian shape. Then, we perform the Fisher analysis to estimate
the expected errors in the model parameters from QU-fitting of polarization
intensity, accounting for sensitivities and frequency bands of Australian
Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder, Low Frequency Array, and the Giant Meterwave
Radio Telescope. Finally, we examine the condition on the source intensities
which are required to detect the IGMF. Our analysis indicates that the
QU-fitting is promising for forthcoming wideband polarimetry to explore RM due
to the IGMF in filaments of galaxies.


title:
Randomized algorithms for low-rank matrix factorizations: sharp
  performance bounds

abstract:
  The development of randomized algorithms for numerical linear algebra, e.g.
for computing approximate QR and SVD factorizations, has recently become an
intense area of research. This paper studies one of the most frequently
discussed algorithms in the literature for dimensionality
reduction---specifically for approximating an input matrix with a low-rank
element. We introduce a novel and rather intuitive analysis of the algorithm in
Martinsson et al. (2008), which allows us to derive sharp estimates and give
new insights about its performance. This analysis yields theoretical guarantees
about the approximation error and at the same time, ultimate limits of
performance (lower bounds) showing that our upper bounds are tight. Numerical
experiments complement our study and show the tightness of our predictions
compared with empirical observations.


title: On stable conjugacy of finite subgroups of the plane Cremona group, II

abstract:
  We prove that, except for a few cases, stable linearizability of finite
subgroups of the plane Cremona group implies linearizability.


title:
Constraints on the source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays using
  anisotropy vs chemical composition

abstract:
  The joint analysis of anisotropy signals and chemical composition of
ultra-high energy cosmic rays offers strong potential for shedding light on the
sources of these particles. Following up on an earlier idea, this paper studies
the anisotropies produced by protons of energy >E/Z, assuming that anisotropies
at energy >E have been produced by nuclei of charge Z, which share the same
magnetic rigidity. We calculate the number of secondary protons produced
through photodisintegration of the primary heavy nuclei. Making the extreme
assumption that the source does not inject any proton, we find that the
source(s) responsible for anisotropies such as reported by the Pierre Auger
Observatory should lie closer than ~20-30, 80-100 and 180-200 Mpc if the
anisotropy signal is mainly composed of oxygen, silicon and iron nuclei
respectively. A violation of this constraint would otherwise result in the
secondary protons forming a more significant anisotropy signal at lower
energies. Even if the source were located closer than this distance, it would
require an extraordinary metallicity >120, 1600, 1100 times solar metallicity
in the acceleration zone of the source, for oxygen, silicon and iron
respectively, to ensure that the concomitantly injected protons not to produce
a more significant low energy anisotropy. This offers interesting prospects for
constraining the nature and the source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays with
the increase in statistics expected from next generation detectors.


title: Unitarity Tests of the Neutrino Mixing Matrix

abstract:
  We discuss unitarity tests of the neutrino mixing (PMNS) matrix. We show that
the combination of solar neutrino experiments, medium-baseline and
short-baseline reactor antineutrino experiments make it possible to perform the
first direct unitarity test of the PMNS matrix. In particular, the measurements
of Daya Bay and JUNO (a next generation medium-baseline reactor experiment)
will lay the foundation of a precise unitarity test of $|U_{e1}|^2 + |U_{e2}|^2
+ |U_{e3}|^2 = 1 $. Furthermore, the precision measurement of
$\sin^22\theta_{13}$ in both the $\bar{\nu}_e$ disappearance and the $\nu_e$
appearance (from a $\nu_{\mu}$ beam) channels will provide an indirect
unitarity test of the PMNS matrix. Together with the search for
appearance/disappearance at very short distances, these tests could provide
important information about the possible new physics beyond the three-neutrino
model.


title:
On the distribution of the density of maximal order elements in general
  linear groups

abstract:
  In this paper we consider the density of maximal order elements in
$\mathrm{GL}_n(q)$. Fixing any of the rank $n$ of the group, the characteristic
$p$ or the degree $r$ of the extension of the underlying field $\mathbb{F}_q$
of size $q=p^r$, we compute the expected value of the said density and
establish that it follows a distribution law.


title:
Discovery of a Visual T-Dwarf Triple System and Binarity at the L/T
  Transition

abstract:
  We present new high contrast imaging of 8 L/T transition brown dwarfs using
the NIRC2 camera on the Keck II telescope. One of our targets, the T3.5 dwarf
2MASS J08381155 + 1511155, was resolved into a hierarchal triple with projected
separations of 2.5+/-0.5 AU and 27+/-5 AU for the BC and A(BC) components
respectively. Resolved OSIRIS spectroscopy of the A(BC) components confirm that
all system members are T dwarfs. The system therefore constitutes the first
triple T-dwarf system ever reported. Using resolved photometry to model the
integrated-light spectrum, we infer spectral types of T3, T3, and T4.5 for the
A, B, and C components respectively. The uniformly brighter primary has a bluer
J-Ks color than the next faintest component, which may reflect a sensitive
dependence of the L/T transition temperature on gravity, or alternatively
divergent cloud properties amongst components. Relying on empirical trends and
evolutionary models we infer a total system mass of 0.034-0.104 Msun for the BC
components at ages of 0.3-3 Gyr, which would imply a period of 12-21 yr
assuming the system semi-major axis to be similar to its projection. We also
infer differences in effective temperatures and surface gravities between
components of no more than ~150 K and ~0.1 dex. Given the similar physical
properties of the components, the 2M0838+15 system provides a controlled sample
for constraining the relative roles of effective temperature, surface gravity,
and dust clouds in the poorly understood L/T transition regime. Combining our
imaging survey results with previous work we find an observed binary fraction
of 4/18 or 22_{-8}^{+10}% for unresolved spectral types of L9-T4 at separations
>~0.1 arcsec. This translates into a volume-corrected frequency of
13^{-6}_{+7}%, which is similar to values of ~9-12% reported outside the
transition. (ABRIDGED)


title:
A Principled Approach to Bridging the Gap between Graph Data and their
  Schemas

abstract:
  Although RDF graphs have schema information associated with them, in practice
it is very common to find cases in which data do not fully conform to their
schema. A prominent example of this is DBpedia, which is RDF data extracted
from Wikipedia, a publicly editable source of information. In such situations,
it becomes interesting to study the structural properties of the actual data,
because the schema gives an incomplete description of the organization of a
dataset. In this paper we have approached the study of the structuredness of an
RDF graph in a principled way: we propose a framework for specifying
structuredness functions, which gauge the degree to which an RDF graph conforms
to a schema. In particular, we first define a formal language for specifying
structuredness functions with expressions we call rules. This language allows a
user or a database administrator to state a rule to which an RDF graph may
fully or partially conform. Then we consider the issue of discovering a
refinement of a sort (type) by partitioning the dataset into subsets whose
structuredness is over a specified threshold. In particular, we prove that the
natural decision problem associated to this refinement problem is NP-complete,
and we provide a natural translation of this problem into Integer Linear
Programming (ILP). Finally, we test this ILP solution with two real world
datasets, DBpedia Persons and WordNet Nouns, and 4 different and intuitive
rules, which gauge the structuredness in different ways. The rules give
meaningful refinements of the datasets, showing that our language can be a
powerful tool for understanding the structure of RDF data.


title:
Detection of H-alpha emission from z>3.5 submillimetre luminous galaxies
  with AKARI-FUHYU spectroscopy

abstract:
  We present tentative H-alpha emission line detections of four
submillimetre-detected galaxies at z>3.5: the radio galaxies 8C1909+722 and
4C60.07 at signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of 3.1 and 2.5, and two
submillimetre-selected galaxies (SMGs) near the first of these at SNRs of 10.0
and 2.4, made with the AKARI Space Telescope as part of the FUHYU mission
program. These are the highest-redshift H-alpha detections in such galaxies,
made possible by AKARI's unique near-infrared spectroscopic capability. The two
radio galaxies had known redshifts and surrounding structure, and we have
detected broad H-alpha components indicating the presence of dust-shrouded
quasars. We conclude that powerful AGNs at z>3.5 occur in peaks of the
star-formation density fields, supporting a close connection between stellar
mass build-up and black hole mass assembly at this redshift. We also show that
4C60.07 is a binary AGN. The H-alpha detections of the two SMGs are the first
redshift determinations for these sources, confirming their physical
association around their companion radio galaxy. The H-alpha-derived star
formation rates (SFRs) for the SMGs are lower than their far-infrared derived
SFRs by a factor of ~10, suggesting a level of dust obscuration similar to that
found in studies at ~1<z<2.7.


title:
Light NMSSM Neutralino Dark Matter in the Wake of CDMS II and a 126 GeV
  Higgs

abstract:
  Recent results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) experiment have
renewed interest in light dark matter with a large spin-independent
neutralino-nucleon scattering cross-section. Here, we examine the regions of
the Next-to-MSSM (NMSSM) capable of producing a light neutralino with a large
spin-independent scattering cross-section, with the scattering mediated by a
very light singlet-like scalar, and a 126 GeV Standard Model-like Higgs
consistent with the LHC results, while satisfying other relevant cosmological,
flavor and collider constraints. We focus on two different scenarios for
annihilation in the early universe, namely annihilation mediated by (1) a light
scalar or by (2) a light pseudo-scalar. As expected, both cases are highly
constrained. Nevertheless, we find that there persists potentially viable
parameter space to accommodate either scenario. In the first, accidental
cancellations in the couplings allow for a SM-like Higgs with a total width and
invisible branching fraction compatible with the observed Higgs boson.
Alternatively, the second scenario can occur in regions featuring smaller
branching fractions of the SM-like Higgs to pairs of light scalars,
pseudoscalars, and neutralinos without cancellations. The strongest constraints
in both cases come from rare meson decays and exotic decays of the SM-like
Higgs boson into neutralinos and light, CP-even Higgs pairs. We outline the
relevant parameter space for both scenarios and comment on prospects for future
discovery with various experiments.


title:
On the computation of directional scale-discretized wavelet transforms
  on the sphere

abstract:
  We review scale-discretized wavelets on the sphere, which are directional and
allow one to probe oriented structure in data defined on the sphere.
Furthermore, scale-discretized wavelets allow in practice the exact synthesis
of a signal from its wavelet coefficients. We present exact and efficient
algorithms to compute the scale-discretized wavelet transform of band-limited
signals on the sphere. These algorithms are implemented in the publicly
available S2DW code. We release a new version of S2DW that is parallelized and
contains additional code optimizations. Note that scale-discretized wavelets
can be viewed as a directional generalization of needlets. Finally, we outline
future improvements to the algorithms presented, which can be achieved by
exploiting a new sampling theorem on the sphere developed recently by some of
the authors.


title:
Pressure study of nematicity and quantum criticality in
  Sr$_3$Ru$_2$O$_7$ for an in-plane field

abstract:
  We study the relationship between the nematic phases of Sr$_3$Ru$_2$O$_7$ and
quantum criticality. At ambient pressure, one nematic phase is associated with
a metamagnetic quantum critical end point (QCEP) when the applied magnetic
field is near the \textit{c}-axis. We show, however, that this metamagnetic
transition does not produce the same nematic signatures when the QCEP is
reached by hydrostatic pressure with the field applied in the
\textit{ab}-plane. Moreover, a second nematic phase, that is seen for field
applied in the \textit{ab}-plane close to, but not right at, a second
metamagnetic anomaly, persists with minimal change to the highest applied
pressure, 16.55 kbar. Taken together our results suggest that metamagnetic
quantum criticality may not be necessary for the formation of a nematic phase
in Sr$_3$Ru$_2$O$_7$.


title: Inflationary cosmology with nonlinear dispersion relations

abstract:
  We present a technique, {\em the uniform asymptotic approximation}, to
construct accurate analytical solutions of the linear perturbations of
inflation after quantum effects of the early universe are taken into account,
for which the dispersion relations generically become nonlinear. We construct
explicitly the error bounds associated with the approximations and then study
them in detail. With the understanding of the errors and the proper choice of
the Liouville transformations of the differential equations of the
perturbations, we show that the analytical solutions describe the exact
evolution of the linear perturbations extremely well even only in the
first-order approximations. As an application of the approximate analytical
solutions, we calculate the power spectra and indices of scalar and tensor
perturbations in the slow-roll inflation, and find that the amplitudes of the
power spectra get modified due to the quantum effects, while the power spectrum
indices remain the same as in the linear case.


title: Finite extensions of Bessel sequences

abstract:
  The paper studies finite extensions of Bessel sequences in
infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. We provide a characterization of Bessel
sequences that can be extended to frames by adding finitely many vectors. We
also characterize frames that can be converted to Parseval frames by
finite-dimensional perturbations. Finally, some results on excesses of frames
and near-Riesz bases are derived.


title:
Prospects for future very high-energy gamma-ray sky survey: impact of
  secondary gamma rays

abstract:
  Very high-energy gamma-ray measurements of distant blazars can be well
explained by secondary gamma rays emitted by cascades induced by
ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. The secondary gamma rays will enable one to
detect a large number of blazars with future ground based gamma-ray telescopes
such as Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). We show that the secondary emission
process will allow CTA to detect 100, 130, 150, 87, and 8 blazars above 30 GeV,
100 GeV, 300 GeV, 1 TeV, and 10 TeV, respectively, up to $z\sim8$ assuming the
intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) strength $B=10^{-17}$ G and an unbiased all
sky survey with 0.5 hr exposure at each Field of View, where total observing
time is $\sim540$ hr. These numbers will be 79, 96, 110, 63, and 6 up to
$z\sim5$ in the case of $B=10^{-15}$ G. This large statistics of sources will
be a clear evidence of the secondary gamma-ray scenarios and a new key to
studying the IGMF statistically. We also find that a wider and shallower survey
is favored to detect more and higher redshift sources even if we take into
account secondary gamma rays.


title:
Probing the effect of gravitational microlensing on the measurements of
  the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect

abstract:
  In general, in the studies of transit light-curves and the
Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM), the contribution of the planet's gravitational
microlensing is neglected. Theoretical studies, have, however shown that the
planet's microlensing can affect the transit light-curve and in some extreme
cases cause the transit depth to vanish. In this letter, we present the results
of our quantitative analysis of microlening on the RM effect. Results indicate
that for massive planets in on long period orbits, the planet's microlensing
will have considerable contribution to the star's RV measurements. We present
the details of our study, and discuss our analysis and results.


title: The Generalized Mean Information Coefficient

abstract:
  Reshef & Reshef recently published a paper in which they present a method
called the Maximal Information Coefficient (MIC) that can detect all forms of
statistical dependence between pairs of variables as sample size goes to
infinity. While this method has been praised by some, it has also been
criticized for its lack of power in finite samples. We seek to modify MIC so
that it has higher power in detecting associations for limited sample sizes.
Here we present the Generalized Mean Information Coefficient (GMIC), a
generalization of MIC which incorporates a tuning parameter that can be used to
modify the complexity of the association favored by the measure. We define GMIC
and prove it maintains several key asymptotic properties of MIC. Its increased
power over MIC is demonstrated using a simulation of eight different functional
relationships at sixty different noise levels. The results are compared to the
Pearson correlation, distance correlation, and MIC. Simulation results suggest
that while generally GMIC has slightly lower power than the distance
correlation measure, it achieves higher power than MIC for many forms of
underlying association. For some functional relationships, GMIC surpasses all
other statistics calculated. Preliminary results suggest choosing a moderate
value of the tuning parameter for GMIC will yield a test that is robust across
underlying relationships. GMIC is a promising new method that mitigates the
power issues suffered by MIC, at the possible expense of equitability.
Nonetheless, distance correlation was in our simulations more powerful for many
forms of underlying relationships. At a minimum, this work motivates further
consideration of maximal information-based nonparametric exploration (MINE)
methods as statistical tests of independence.


title:
The Role of Plasma Shielding in Double-Pulse Femtosecond Laser-Induced
  Breakdown Spectroscopy

abstract:
  It is well known that optical emission produced by femtosecond laser-induced
breakdown on a surface may be enhanced by using a pair of laser pulses
separated by a suitable delay. Here we elucidate the mechanism for this effect
both experimentally and theoretically. Using a bilayer sample consisting of a
thin film of Ag deposited on an Al substrate as the ablation target and
measuring the breakdown spectrum as a function of fluence and pulse delay, it
is shown experimentally that the enhanced signal is not caused by additional
ablation initiated by the second pulse. Rather, particle-in-cell calculations
show that the plasma produced by the first pulse shields the surface from the
second pulse for delays up to 100 ps. These results indicate that the
enhancement is the result of excitement of particles entrained in the plasma
produced by the first pulse.


title: Shaking-induced dynamics of cold atoms in magnetic traps

abstract:
  We describe an experiment in which cold rubidium atoms, confined in an
elongated magnetic trap, are excited by transverse oscillation of the trap
centre. The temperature after excitation exhibits resonance as a function of
the driving frequency. We measure these resonances at several different trap
frequencies. In order to interpret the experiments, we develop a simple model
that incorporates both collisions between atoms and the anharmonicity of the
real three-dimensional trapping potential. As well as providing a precise
connection between the transverse harmonic oscillation frequency and the
temperature resonance frequency, this model gives insight into the heating and
loss mechanisms, and into the dynamics of driven clouds of cold trapped atoms.


title: AFLOW: An automatic framework for high-throughput materials discovery

abstract:
  Recent advances in computational materials science present novel
opportunities for structure discovery and optimization, including uncovering of
unsuspected compounds and metastable structures, electronic structure, surface,
and nano-particle properties. The practical realization of these opportunities
requires systematic generation and classification of the relevant computational
data by high-throughput methods. In this paper we present Aflow (Automatic
Flow), a software framework for high-throughput calculation of crystal
structure properties of alloys, intermetallics and inorganic compounds. The
Aflow software is available for the scientific community on the website of the
materials research consortium, aflowlib.org. Its geometric and electronic
structure analysis and manipulation tools are additionally available for online
operation at the same website. The combination of automatic methods and user
online interfaces provide a powerful tool for efficient quantum computational
materials discovery and characterization.


title: Dubrovin-Zhang hierarchy for the Hodge integrals

abstract:
  In this paper we prove that the generating series of the Hodge integrals over
the moduli space of stable curves is a solution of a certain deformation of the
KdV hierarchy. This hierarchy is constructed in the framework of the
Dubrovin-Zhang theory of the hierarchies of the topological type. It occurs
that our deformation of the KdV hierarchy is closely related to the hierarchy
of the Intermediate Long Wave equation.


title: A Modified Gibbs Sampler on General State Spaces

abstract:
  We present a modified Gibbs sampler for general state spaces. We establish
that this modification can lead to substantial gains in statistical efficiency
while maintaining the overall quality of convergence. We illustrate our results
in two examples including a toy Normal-Normal model and a Bayesian version of
the random effects model.


title: A Cubic Equation of State for Amyloid Plaque Formation

abstract:
  Protein function depends on both protein structure and amino acid (aa)
sequence. Here we show that modular features of both structure and function can
be quantified from the aa sequence alone for the amyloid 770 aa precursor
protein A4. Both the new second order hydropathicity scale, based on
evolutionary optimization (self-organized criticality), and the standard first
order scale, based on complete protein (water-air) unfolding, yield
thermodynamically significant features of amyloid function related to spinodal
decomposition into modules. Spinodal crossings are marked by breaks in slope of
algebraic functions of aa sequences. The new scale is associated with a lower
effective temperature than the standard scale.


title:
Quantum random flip-flop based on random photon emitter and its
  applications

abstract:
  We propose, experimentally realize and study possible applications of a new
type of logic element: random flip-flop. By definition it operates similarly to
a conventional flip-flop except that it functions with probability of 1/2
otherwise it does nothing. We demonstrate one practical realization of the
random flip-flop based on optical quantum random number generator and discuss
possible usages of such a device in computers, cryptographic hardware and
testing equipment.


title: Approach and Coalescence of Liquid Drops in Air

abstract:
  The coalescence of liquid drops has conventionally been thought to have just
two regimes when the drops are brought together slowly in vacuum or air: a
viscous regime corresponding to the Stokes-flow limit and a later
inertially-dominated regime. Recent work [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109, 6857
(2012)] found that the Stokes-flow limit cannot be reached in the early moments
of coalescence, because the inertia of the drops cannot be neglected then.
Instead, the drops are described by an "inertially limited viscous" regime,
where surface tension, inertia, and viscous forces all balance. The dynamics
continue in this regime until either viscosity or inertia dominate on their
own. I use an ultrafast electrical method and high-speed imaging to provide a
detailed description of coalescence near the moment of contact for drops that
approach at low speed and coalesce as undeformed spheres. These measurements
support a description of coalescence having three regimes. Signatures both
before and after contact identify a threshold approach-speed for deformation of
the drops by the ambient gas.


title:
Stable ordered structures of binary technetium alloys from first
  principles

abstract:
  Technetium, element 43, is the only radioactive transition metal. It occurs
naturally on earth in only trace amounts. Experimental investigation of its
possible compounds is thus inherently difficult and limited. Half of the
Tc-transition-metal systems (14 out of 28) are reported to be phase separating
or lack experimental data. Using high-throughput first-principles calculations,
we present a comprehensive investigation of the binary alloys of technetium
with the transition metals. The calculations predict stable, ordered structures
in nine of these 14 binary systems. They also predict additional compounds in
all nine known compound-forming systems and in two of the five systems reported
with disordered \c{hi} or {\sigma} phases. These results accentuate the
incompleteness of the current knowledge of technetium alloys and should guide
experimental studies to obtain accurate structural information on potential
compounds, obviating some of the difficulties associated with such work.


title:
A stable partitioned FSI algorithm for incompressible flow and elastic
  solids

abstract:
  A stable partitioned algorithm for coupling incompressible flows with
compressible elastic solids is described. This added-mass partitioned (AMP)
scheme requires no sub-iterations, can be made fully second- or higher-order
accurate, and remains stable even in the presence of strong added-mass effects.
The approach extends the scheme of Banks et al. [1,2] for compressible flow,
and uses Robin (mixed) boundary conditions with the fluid and solid solvers at
the interface. The AMP Robin conditions are derived from a local characteristic
decomposition in the solid at the interface. Two forms of the Robin conditions
are derived depending on whether the fluid equations are advanced with a
fractional-step method or not. A normal mode analysis for a discretization of
an FSI model problem is performed to show that the new AMP algorithm is stable
for any ratio of the solid and fluid densities, including the case of very
light solids when the added-mass effects are large. In contrast, it is shown
that a traditional partitioned algorithm involving a Dirichlet-Neumann coupling
for the same FSI problem is formally unconditionally unstable for any ratio of
densities. Exact traveling wave solutions are derived for three FSI model
problems of increasing complexity, and these solutions are used to verify the
stability and accuracy of the corresponding numerical results obtained from the
AMP algorithm for the cases of light, medium and heavy solids.


title: Fusion categories between $C \boxtimes D$ and $C * D$

abstract:
  Given a pair of fusion categories $C$ and $D$, we may form the free product
$C * D$ and the tensor product $C \boxtimes D$. It is natural to think of the
tensor product as a quotient of the free product. What other quotients are
possible?
  When $C=D=A_2$, there is an infinite family of quotients interpolating
between the free product and the tensor product (closely related to the
$A_{2n-1}^{(1)}$ and $D_{n+2}^{(1)}$ subfactors at index 4). Bisch and Haagerup
discovered one example of such an intermediate quotient when $C=A_2$ and
$D=T_2$, and suggested that there might be another family here. We show that
such quotients are characterized by parameters $n \geq 1$ and $\omega$ with
$\omega^{2n}=1$. For $n=1,2,3$, we show $\omega$ must be 1, and construct the
corresponding quotient ($n=1$ is the tensor product, $n=2$ is the example
discovered by Bisch and Haagerup, and $n=3$ is new). We further show that there
are no such quotients for $4 \leq n \leq 10$. Our methods also apply to the
case when $C=D=T_2$, and we prove similar results there.
  During the preparation of this manuscript we learnt of an independent result
of Liu's on subfactors. With the translation between the subfactor and fusion
category settings provided here, it follows there are no such quotients for any
$n \geq 4$.


title: Proceedings Second International Workshop on Hybrid Systems and Biology

abstract:
  This volume contains the proceedings of the Second International Workshop
Hybrid Systems and Biology (HSB 2013) held in Taormina (Italy), on September
2th, 2013. The workshop is affiliated to the 12th European Conference on
Artificial Life (ECAL 2013).
  Systems biology aims at providing a system-level understanding of biological
systems by unveiling their structure, dynamics and control methods. Due to the
intrinsic multi-scale nature of these systems in space, in organization levels
and in time, it is extremely difficult to model them in a uniform way, e.g., by
means of differential equations or discrete stochastic processes. Furthermore,
such models are often not easily amenable to formal analysis, and their
simulations at the organ or even at the cell levels are frequently impractical.
Indeed, an important open problem is finding appropriate computational models
that scale well for both simulation and formal analysis of biological
processes. Hybrid modeling techniques, combining discrete and continuous
processes, are gaining more and more attention in such a context, and they have
been successfully applied to capture the behavior of many biological complex
systems, ranging from genetic networks, biochemical reactions, signaling
pathways, cardiac tissues electro-physiology, and tumor genesis. This workshop
aims at bringing together researchers in computer science, mathematics, and
life sciences, interested in the opportunities and the challenges of hybrid
modeling applied to systems biology.
  The workshop programme included the keynote presentation of Alessandro
Astolfi (Imperial College of London, UK) on Immune response enhancement via
hybrid control. Furthermore, 8 papers were selected out of 13 submissions by
the Program Committee of HSB 2013. The papers in this volume address the hybrid
modeling of a number important biological processes (iron homeostasis network,
mammalian cell cycle, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), genetic
regulatory network in mammalian sclera) and, the formalisms and techniques for
specifying and validating properties of biological systems (such as,
robustness, oscillations).


title:
Large deviations of empirical neighborhood distribution in sparse random
  graphs

abstract:
  Consider the Erd\H{o}s-Renyi random graph on n vertices where each edge is
present independently with probability c/n, with c>0 fixed. For large n, a
typical random graph locally behaves like a Galton-Watson tree with Poisson
offspring distribution with mean c. Here, we study large deviations from this
typical behavior within the framework of the local weak convergence of finite
graph sequences. The associated rate function is expressed in terms of an
entropy functional on unimodular measures and takes finite values only at
measures supported on trees. We also establish large deviations for other
commonly studied random graph ensembles such as the uniform random graph with
given number of edges growing linearly with the number of vertices, or the
uniform random graph with given degree sequence. To prove our results, we
introduce a new configuration model which allows one to sample uniform random
graphs with a given neighborhood distribution, provided the latter is supported
on trees. We also introduce a new class of unimodular random trees, which
generalizes the usual Galton Watson tree with given degree distribution to the
case of neighborhoods of arbitrary finite depth. These generalized Galton
Watson trees turn out to be useful in the analysis of unimodular random trees
and may be considered to be of interest in their own right.


title: Uniform Regularity Estimates in Parabolic Homogenization

abstract:
  We consider a family of second-order parabolic systems in divergence form
with rapidly oscillating and time-dependent coefficients, arising in the theory
of homogenization. We obtain uniform interior $W^{1,p}$, H\"older, and
Lipschitz estimates as well as boundary $W^{1,p}$ and H\"older estimates, using
compactness methods. As a consequence, we establish uniform $W^{1,p}$ estimates
for the initial-Dirichlet problems in $C^{1}$ cylinders.


title: Localisation and finite-size effects in graphene flakes

abstract:
  We show that electron states in disordered graphene, with an onsite potential
that induces inter-valley scattering, are localised for all energies at
disorder as small as 1/6 of the band width of clean graphene. We clarify that,
in order for this Anderson-type localisation to be manifested, graphene flakes
of size of approximately 200 x 200 nm^2 or larger are needed. For smaller
samples, due to the surprisingly large extent of the electronic wave functions,
a regime of apparently extended (or even critical) states is identified. Our
results complement earlier studies of macroscopically large samples and can
explain the divergence of results for finite-size graphene flakes.


title: Notes on Coherent Feedback Control for Linear Quantum Systems

abstract:
  This paper considers some formulations and possible approaches to the
coherent LQG and $H^\infty$ quantum control problems. Some new results for
these problems are presented in the case of annihilation operator only quantum
systems showing that in this case, the optimal controllers are trivial
controllers.


title:
Isotropic Local Laws for Sample Covariance and Generalized Wigner
  Matrices

abstract:
  We consider sample covariance matrices of the form $X^*X$, where $X$ is an $M
\times N$ matrix with independent random entries. We prove the isotropic local
Marchenko-Pastur law, i.e. we prove that the resolvent $(X^* X - z)^{-1}$
converges to a multiple of the identity in the sense of quadratic forms. More
precisely, we establish sharp high-probability bounds on the quantity $\langle
v, (X^* X - z)^{-1} w \rangle - \langle v,w\rangle m(z)$, where $m$ is the
Stieltjes transform of the Marchenko-Pastur law and $v, w \in \mathbb C^N$. We
require the logarithms of the dimensions $M$ and $N$ to be comparable. Our
result holds down to scales $Im z \geq N^{-1+\epsilon}$ and throughout the
entire spectrum away from 0. We also prove analogous results for generalized
Wigner matrices.


title:
Diffusive-Ballistic Transition in Random Polymers with Drifts and
  Repulsive Long-Range Interactions

abstract:
  This paper leads with a random polymer model in $\Z^2$ having long-range
self-repulsive interactions. By comparison with a long range one-dimensional
ferromagnetic Ising model we shown that the polymer models we considered here
undergo a phase transition in terms of the inverse temperature $\beta$. In the
second part of this work we shown, using the Lee-Yang Circle Theorem, that our
random polymer model with drifts satisfies the, Wu Liming [7], $C^2$ regularity
condition. As consequence we obtain a Central Limit Theorem for the model.


title: Soft confinement in a 3-d spin system

abstract:
  We consider a 1+3 dimensional spin system. The spin-wave (magnon) field is
described by the O(3) non-linear sigma model with a symmetry-breaking
potential. This interacts with a slow spin SU(2) doublet Schrodinger fermion.
The interaction is described by a generalized nonperturbative Yukawa coupling,
and the self-consistency condition is solved with the aid of a non-relativistic
Gribov equation. When the Yukawa coupling is sufficiently strong, the solution
exhibits supercriticality and soft confinement, in a way that is quite
analogous to Gribov's light-quark confinement theory.
  The solution corresponds to a new type of spin polaron, whose condensation
may lead to exotic superconductivity.


title:
High dimensional generalized empirical likelihood for moment
  restrictions with dependent data

abstract:
  This paper considers the maximum generalized empirical likelihood (GEL)
estimation and inference on parameters identified by high dimensional moment
restrictions with weakly dependent data when the dimensions of the moment
restrictions and the parameters diverge along with the sample size. The
consistency with rates and the asymptotic normality of the GEL estimator are
obtained by properly restricting the growth rates of the dimensions of the
parameters and the moment restrictions, as well as the degree of data
dependence. It is shown that even in the high dimensional time series setting,
the GEL ratio can still behave like a chi-square random variable
asymptotically. A consistent test for the over-identification is proposed. A
penalized GEL method is also provided for estimation under sparsity setting.


title: Polarization of GRB Prompt Emission

abstract:
  We review the recent observational results of the gamma-ray linear
polarization of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), and discuss some theoretical
implications for the prompt emission mechanism and the magnetic composition of
GRB jets. We also report a strict observational verification of CPT invariance
in the photon sector as a result of the GRB polarization measurements.


title: Upper Critical Fields and Anisotropy of Ca1-xLaxFe2As2 Single Crystals

abstract:
  Superconductivity of Ca1-xLaxFe2As2 single crystals with various doping level
were investigated via electromagnetic measurements for out-plane (H//c) and
in-plane (H//ab) directions. Obvious double superconducting transitions, which
can survive in magnetic fields up to several Tesla, were observed in the
medium-doped (x = 0.13) sample. Two kinds of distinct Hc2 phase diagrams were
established for the low superconducting phase with Tc lower than 15 K and the
high superconducting phase with Tc of over 40 K, respectively. Both the two
kinds of phase diagrams exist in the medium-doped sample. Unusual upward
curvature near Tc was observed in Hc2 phase diagrams and analyzed in detail.
Temperature dependences of anisotropy for different doping concentrations were
obtained and compared. Both superconducting phases manifest extremely large
anisotropies, which may originate from the interface or intercalation
superconductivity.


title: Origin of Dust around V1309 Sco

abstract:
  The origin of dust grains in the interstellar medium is still open problem.
\cite{Nicholls2013} found the presence of a significant amount of dust around
V1309 Sco which maybe originate from the merger of a contact binary. We
investigate the origin of dust around V1309 Sco, and suggest that these dust
grains are efficiently produced in the binary-merger ejecta. By means of
\emph{AGBDUST} code, we estimate that $\sim 5.2\times10^{-4} M_\odot$ of dust
grains are produced, and their radii are $\sim 10^{-5}$ cm. These dust grains
mainly are composed of silicate and iron grains. Because the mass of the
binary-merger ejecta is very small, the contribution of dust produced by
binary-merger ejecta to the overall dust production in the interstellar medium
is negligible. However, it is the most important that the discovery of a
significant amount of dust around V1309 Sco offers a direct support for the
idea---common-envelope ejecta provides an ideal environment for dust formation
and growth. Therefore, we confirm that common-envelope ejecta can be important
source of cosmic dust.


title:
A Methodology for Robust Multiproxy Paleoclimate Reconstructions and
  Modeling of Temperature Conditional Quantiles

abstract:
  Great strides have been made in the field of reconstructing past temperatures
based on models relating temperature to temperature-sensitive paleoclimate
proxies. One of the goals of such reconstructions is to assess if current
climate is anomalous in a millennial context. These regression based approaches
model the conditional mean of the temperature distribution as a function of
paleoclimate proxies (or vice versa). Some of the recent focus in the area has
considered methods which help reduce the uncertainty inherent in such
statistical paleoclimate reconstructions, with the ultimate goal of improving
the confidence that can be attached to such endeavors. A second important
scientific focus in the subject area is the area of forward models for proxies,
the goal of which is to understand the way paleoclimate proxies are driven by
temperature and other environmental variables. In this paper we introduce novel
statistical methodology for (1) quantile regression with autoregressive
residual structure, (2) estimation of corresponding model parameters, (3)
development of a rigorous framework for specifying uncertainty estimates of
quantities of interest, yielding (4) statistical byproducts that address the
two scientific foci discussed above. Our statistical methodology demonstrably
produces a more robust reconstruction than is possible by using
conditional-mean-fitting methods. Our reconstruction shares some of the common
features of past reconstructions, but also gains useful insights. More
importantly, we are able to demonstrate a significantly smaller uncertainty
than that from previous regression methods. In addition, the quantile
regression component allows us to model, in a more complete and flexible way
than least squares, the conditional distribution of temperature given proxies.
This relationship can be used to inform forward models relating how proxies are
driven by temperature.


title: Further Results on Permutation Polynomials over Finite Fields

abstract:
  Permutation polynomials are an interesting subject of mathematics and have
applications in other areas of mathematics and engineering. In this paper, we
develop general theorems on permutation polynomials over finite fields. As a
demonstration of the theorems, we present a number of classes of explicit
permutation polynomials on $\gf_q$.


title:
Large-Scale Multi-Stream Quickest Change Detection via Shrinkage
  Post-Change Estimation

abstract:
  The quickest change detection problem is considered in the context of
monitoring large-scale independent normal distributed data streams with
possible changes in some of the means. It is assumed that for each individual
local data stream, either there are no local changes, or there is a "big" local
change that is larger than a pre-specified lower bound. Two different kinds of
scenarios are studied: one is the sparse post-change case when the unknown
number of affected data streams is much smaller than the total number of data
streams, and the other is when all local data streams are affected
simultaneously although not necessarily identically. We propose a systematic
approach to develop efficient global monitoring schemes for quickest change
detection by combining hard thresholding with linear shrinkage estimators to
estimating all post-change parameters simultaneously. Our theoretical analysis
demonstrates that the shrinkage estimation can balance the tradeoff between the
first-order and second-order terms of the asymptotic expression on the
detection delays, and our numerical simulation studies illustrate the
usefulness of shrinkage estimation and the challenge of Monte Carlo simulation
of the average run length to false alarm in the context of online monitoring
large-scale data streams.


title: Matrix-valued Kernels for Shape Deformation Analysis

abstract:
  The main purpose of this paper is providing a systematic study and
classification of non-scalar kernels for Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces
(RKHS), to be used in the analysis of deformation in shape spaces endowed with
metrics induced by the action of groups of diffeomorphisms. After providing an
introduction to matrix-valued kernels and their relevant differential
properties, we explore extensively those, that we call TRI kernels, that induce
a metric on the corresponding Hilbert spaces of vector fields that is both
translation- and rotation-invariant. These are analyzed in an effective manner
in the Fourier domain, where the characterization of RKHS of curl-free and
divergence-free vector fields is particularly natural. A simple technique for
constructing generic matrix-valued kernels from scalar kernels is also
developed. We accompany the exposition of the theory with several examples, and
provide numerical results that show the dynamics induced by different choices
of TRI kernels on the manifold of labeled landmark points.


title: Thermalization of boosted charged AdS black holes by an ionic Lattice

abstract:
  We investigate thermalization process of boosted charged AdS black holes in
the Einstein-Maxwell system in the presence of an ionic lattice formed by
spatially varying chemical potential. We calculate perturbations of the black
holes by the lattice and investigate how the momentum relaxation occurs through
umklapp scattering. In the WKB approximation, both of the momentum relaxation
rate and entropy production rate are analytically obtained and the first law of
black holes is derived in the irreversible process. Interestingly, both the
analytical and numerical calculations show that the momentum relaxation rate or
the entropy production rate does not approach zero in the zero temperature
limit unless the velocity of the black hole is zero. In the dual field theory
side, this indicates that persistent current does not exist even in the zero
temperature limit, implying that the "ionic lattice" does not behave as a
perfect lattice in a strongly coupled dual field theory.


title: Fixed parameter tractability of crossing minimization of almost-trees

abstract:
  We investigate exact crossing minimization for graphs that differ from trees
by a small number of additional edges, for several variants of the crossing
minimization problem. In particular, we provide fixed parameter tractable
algorithms for the 1-page book crossing number, the 2-page book crossing
number, and the minimum number of crossed edges in 1-page and 2-page book
drawings.


title: Nonlinear force-free modeling of the corona in spherical coordinates

abstract:
  We present a code for solving the nonlinear force-free equations in spherical
polar geometry, with the motivation of modeling the magnetic field in the
corona. The code is an implementation of the Grad-Rubin method. Our method is
applicable to a spherical domain of arbitrary angular size. The implementation
is based on a global spectral representation for the magnetic field which makes
no explicit assumptions about the form of the magnetic field at the transverse
boundaries of the domain. We apply the code to a bipolar test case with
analytic boundary conditions, and we demonstrate the convergence of the
Grad-Rubin method, and the self-consistency of the resulting numerical
solution.


title: On de-Sitter Geometry in Cosmic Void Statistics

abstract:
  Starting from the geometrical concept of a 4-dimensional de-Sitter
configuration of spheres in Euclidean 3-space and modelling voids in the
Universe as spheres, we show that a uniform distribution over this
configuration space implies a power-law for the void number density which is
consistent with results from the excursion set formalism and with data, for an
intermediate range of void volumes. The scaling dimension of the large scale
structure can be estimated as well. We also discuss the effect of restricting
the survey geometry on the void statistics. This work is a new application of
de-Sitter geometry to cosmology and also provides a new geometrical perspective
on self-similarity in cosmology.


title:
High Precision Abundances of the Old Solar Twin HIP 102152: Insights on
  Li Depletion from the Oldest Sun

abstract:
  We present the first detailed chemical abundance analysis of the old 8.2 Gyr
solar twin, HIP 102152. We derive differential abundances of 21 elements
relative to the Sun with precisions as high as 0.004 dex ($\lesssim$1%), using
ultra high-resolution (R = 110,000), high S/N UVES spectra obtained on the
8.2-m Very Large Telescope. Our determined metallicity of HIP 102152 is [Fe/H]
= -0.013 $\pm$ 0.004. The atmospheric parameters of the star were determined to
be 54 K cooler than the Sun, 0.09 dex lower in surface gravity, and a
microturbulence identical to our derived solar value. Elemental abundance
ratios examined vs. dust condensation temperature reveal a solar abundance
pattern for this star, in contrast to most solar twins. The abundance pattern
of HIP 02152 appears to be the most similar to solar of any known solar twin.
Abundances of the younger, 2.9 Gyr solar twin, 18 Sco, were also determined
from UVES spectra to serve as a comparison for HIP 102152. The solar chemical
pattern of HIP 102152 makes it a potential candidate to host terrestrial
planets, which is reinforced by the lack of giant planets in its terrestrial
planet region. The following non-local thermodynamic equilibrium Li abundances
were obtained for HIP 102152, 18 Sco, and the Sun: log $\epsilon$ (Li) = 0.48
$\pm$ 0.07, 1.62 $\pm$ 0.02, and 1.07 $\pm$ 0.02, respectively. The Li
abundance of HIP 102152 is the lowest reported to date for a solar twin, and
allows us to consider an emerging, tightly constrained Li-age trend for solar
twin stars.


title:
Early thermalization of quark-gluon matter initially created in
  high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions

abstract:
  Elastic parton-parton-parton scattering is briefly reviewed and is included
in transport equations of quark-gluon matter. We solve the transport equations
and get thermal states from initially produced quark-gluon matter. Both gluon
matter and quark matter take early thermalization, but gloun matter has a
shorter thermalization time than quark matter.


title: On the curvature and heat flow on Hamiltonian systems

abstract:
  We develop the differential geometric and geometric analytic studies of
Hamiltonian systems. Key ingredients are the curvature operator, the weighted
Laplacian, and the associated Riccati equation. We prove the appropriate
generalizations of Bochner--Weitzenb\"ock formula and Laplacian comparison
theorem, and study the heat flow.


title: Vector-spin-chirality order in a dimerized frustrated spin-1/2 chain

abstract:
  A frustrated spin-$1/2$ XXZ chain model comprising a ferromagnetic
nearest-neighbor coupling with the bond alternation, $J_1(1\pm\delta)<0$, and
an antiferromagnetic second-neighbor exchange coupling $J_2>0$ is studied at
zero and weak magnetic fields by means of density matrix renormalization group
calculations of order parameters, correlation functions and the entanglement
entropy as well as an Abelian bosonization analysis. At zero magnetic field,
the bond alternation $\delta>0$ suppresses the gapless phase characterized by a
vector-chiral (VC) long-range order (LRO) and a quasi-LRO of an incommensurate
spin spiral, whereas this phase occupies a large region in the space of
$J_1/J_2$ and the easy-plane exchange anisotropy for $\delta=0$ [S. Furukawa
\textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{105}, 257205 (2010)]. Then, four
gapped phases are found to appear as the exchange anisotropy varies from the
SU(2)-symmetric case to the U(1)-symmetric case; the Haldane dimer (D$_+$)
phase with the same sign of the $x,y$- and $z$-component dimer order
parameters, two VC dimer (VCD$_+$/VCD$_-$) phases with the sign of the
$z$-component dimer order parameter being unaltered/reversed, and the
even-parity dimer (D$_-$) phase. At small magnetic fields, a field-induced
ring-exchange interaction, which is proportional to a staggered scalar
chirality and a magnetic flux penetrating the associated triangle, drives a
transition from the D$_-$ phase into a VC-Neel-dimer (VCND) phase, but not from
the D$_+$ phase. This VCND phase is stable up to the large magnetic field at
which the Zeeman term closes the spin gap. A possible relevance to
Rb$_2$Cu$_2$Mo$_3$O$_{12}$ is discussed.


title: On generalized gravitational entropy, squashed cones and holography

abstract:
  We consider generalized gravitational entropy in various higher derivative
theories of gravity dual to four dimensional CFTs using the recently proposed
regularization of squashed cones. We derive the universal terms in the
entanglement entropy for spherical and cylindrical surfaces. This is achieved
by constructing the Fefferman-Graham expansion for the leading order metrics
for the bulk geometry and evaluating the generalized gravitational entropy. We
further show that the Wald entropy evaluated in the bulk geometry constructed
for the regularized squashed cones leads to the correct universal parts of the
entanglement entropy for both spherical and cylindrical entangling surfaces. We
comment on the relation with the Iyer-Wald formula for dynamical horizons
relating entropy to a Noether charge. Finally we show how to derive the
entangling surface equation in Gauss-Bonnet holography.


title:
Spin Susceptibility in the Superconducting state of Ferromagnetic
  Superconductor UCoGe

abstract:
  In order to determine the superconducting paring state in the ferromagnetic
superconductor UCoGe, ^{59}Co NMR Knight shift, which is directly related to
the microscopic spin susceptibility, was measured in the superconducting state
under magnetic fields perpendicular to spontaneous magnetization axis:
^{59}K^{a, b}. ^{59}K^{a, b} shows to be constant, but does not decrease below
a superconducting transition. These behaviors as well as the invariance of the
internal field at the Co site in the superconducting state exclude the
spin-singlet pairing, and can be interpreted with the equal-spin pairing state
with a large exchange field along the c axis, which was studied by Mineev
[Phys. Rev. B 81, 180504 (2010)].


title:
A Note on the Existence of Indecomposable Essential Submodules of the
  Ring of Quotients of Ore Domains

abstract:
  We study the problem of existence of essential indecomposable submodules of
direct sums of copies of the ring of quotients of Ore domains. We provide, for
each Ore domain $D$, with at least three non-associate irreducibles, a lower
bound for the supremum of all cardinals $\kappa$ such that the direct sum of
$\kappa$ copies of the ring of quotients of $D$ contains indecomposable
essential $D$-submodules, and a lower bound for the number of times this bound
is attained up to isomorphisms. We provide examples illustrating these results.


title: A general detector testing system using cosmic rays

abstract:
  A cosmic ray hodoscope with two-dimensional spacial sensitivity and good time
resolution has been developed. The system is designed to use the cosmic muons
as probes to test the performances of charged particle sensitive detectors.
This paper will present the structure of this system, the timing calibration
and the resulted performance of this system. The results of the test of the
prototype electron detector for LHAASO project are presented as well.


title:
The Z-index: A geometric representation of productivity and impact which
  accounts for information in the entire rank-citation profile

abstract:
  We present a simple generalization of Hirsch's h-index, Z =
\sqrt{h^{2}+C}/\sqrt{5}, where C is the total number of citations. Z is aimed
at correcting the potentially excessive penalty made by h on a scientist's
highly cited papers, because for the majority of scientists analyzed, we find
the excess citation fraction (C-h^{2})/C to be distributed closely around the
value 0.75, meaning that 75 percent of the author's impact is neglected.
Additionally, Z is less sensitive to local changes in a scientist's citation
profile, namely perturbations which increase h while only marginally affecting
C. Using real career data for 476 physicists careers and 488 biologist careers,
we analyze both the distribution of $Z$ and the rank stability of Z with
respect to the Hirsch index h and the Egghe index g. We analyze careers
distributed across a wide range of total impact, including top-cited physicists
and biologists for benchmark comparison. In practice, the Z-index requires the
same information needed to calculate h and could be effortlessly incorporated
within career profile databases, such as Google Scholar and ResearcherID.
Because Z incorporates information from the entire publication profile while
being more robust than h and g to local perturbations, we argue that Z is
better suited for ranking comparisons in academic decision-making scenarios
comprising a large number of scientists.


title:
Calculation of strongly forbidden M1 transitions and g-factor anomalies
  in atoms considered for parity non-conservation measurements

abstract:
  We calculate magnetic dipole transition amplitudes in s-s and s-d transitions
of Rb, Cs, Ba+, Fr, Ra+, Yb+, Ac2+ and Th3+. These transitions were used or
considered to be used for the measurements of parity non-conservation (PNC). We
also calculate the magnetic g-factor anomalies for a selection of states, along
with electric quadrupole transition amplitudes for s-d transitions in these
systems.


title: Geodesic paths in the finite dimensional unit sphere under sup norm

abstract:
  We characterize geodesic paths in the $n$-dimensional unit sphere under sup
norm. A geodesic path between two points is a shortest curve joining the two
points.