title:
Order estimations of the best approximations and approximations of the
  Fourier sums on the classes of infinitely differentiable functions

abstract:
  We obtained order estimations for the best uniform approximations by
trigonometric polynomials and approximations by Fourier sums of classes of
$2\pi$-periodic continuous functions, which $(\psi,\beta)$-derivatives
$f_{\beta}^{\psi}$ belong to unit balls of spaces $L_{p}, 1\leq p<\infty$ in
case at consequences $\psi(k)$ decrease to nought faster than any power
function. We also established the analogical estimations in $L_{s}$-metric,
$1<s\leq\infty$, for classes of the summable $(\psi,\beta)$-differentiable
functions, such that $\parallel f_{\beta}^{\psi}\parallel_{1}\leq1$.


title:
A Symbolic Approach to Boundary Problems for Linear Partial Differential
  Equations: Applications to the Completely Reducible Case of the Cauchy
  Problem with Constant Coefficients

abstract:
  We introduce a general algebraic setting for describing linear boundary
problems in a symbolic computation context, with emphasis on the case of
partial differential equations. The general setting is then applied to the
Cauchy problem for completely reducible partial differential equations with
constant coefficients. While we concentrate on the theoretical features in this
paper, the underlying operator ring is implemented and provides a sufficient
basis for all methods presented here.


title: Cosmogenic Backgrounds in Borexino at 3800 m water-equivalent depth

abstract:
  The solar neutrino experiment Borexino, which is located in the Gran Sasso
underground laboratories, is in a unique position to study muon-induced
backgrounds in an organic liquid scintillator. In this study, a large sample of
cosmic muons is identified and tracked by a muon veto detector external to the
liquid scintillator, and by the specific light patterns observed when muons
cross the scintillator volume. The yield of muon-induced neutrons is found to
be Yn =(3.10+-0.11)10-4 n/({\mu} (g/cm2)). The distance profile between the
parent muon track and the neutron capture point has the average value {\lambda}
= (81.5 +- 2.7)cm. Additionally the yields of a number of cosmogenic
radioisotopes are measured for 12N, 12B, 8He, 9C, 9Li, 8B, 6He, 8Li, 11Be, 10C
and 11C. All results are compared with Monte Carlo simulation predictions using
the Fluka and Geant4 packages. General agreement between data and simulation is
observed for the cosmogenic production yields with a few exceptions, the most
prominent case being 11C yield for which both codes return about 50% lower
values. The predicted {\mu}-n distance profile and the neutron multiplicity
distribution are found to be overall consistent with data.


title:
Improved convergence of chiral effective field theory for 1S0 of NN
  scattering

abstract:
  It is argued that the fine-tuning due to the unnaturally large, generalized
effective range in the 1S0 channel of NN scattering must be incorporated in
order for one to obtain satisfactory convergence for chiral effective field
theory. Without the proposition of perturbative one-pion exchange, an effective
field theory with the spin-0, isospin-1 dibaryon is developed to account for
this fine-tuning, and is demonstrated up to O(Q) where the leading irreducible
two-pion exchange arises. The approach shown in the paper results in rapid
convergence of the 1S0 partial-wave amplitude.


title:
Structural and Electronic properties of cubic (GaN)$_1$/(ZnO)$_1$
  superlattice: Modified Becke-Johnson exchange potential

abstract:
  The structural and electronic properties of new structural cubic
(GaN)$_1$/(ZnO)$_1$ superlattice have been investigated using two different
theoretical techniques: the full potential-linearized augmented plane wave
(FP-LAPW) method and the linear combination of localized pseudo atomic orbital
(LCPAO). The new modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) exchange potential is chosen to
improve the bandgap of the superlattice and effective masses. The bandgap is
found to be slightly indirect and reduced from those of pure GaN and ZnO. The
origin of this reduction is attributed to the $p-d$ repulsion of the Zn-N
interface and the presence of the O $p$ electron. The electron effective mass
is found to be isotropic. Good agreement is obtained between two used methods
and with available theoretical and experimental data.


title:
On M. M\'erigot's theorem on the convergence domain of the
  Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff-Dynkin series

abstract:
  The aim of this manuscript is to present the proof given by Michel M\'erigot
in 1974 for an enlarged convergence domain of the
Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff-Dynkin series in the Lie algebra of a Banach-Lie
group. This proof is based on a theorem, of independent interest, on the
lifetime of the solution of a Cauchy problem. We furnish all the details for
this ODE result in Appendix A.


title:
Second-order growth, tilt stability, and metric regularity of the
  subdifferential

abstract:
  This paper sheds new light on several interrelated topics of second-order
variational analysis, both in finite and infinite-dimensional settings. We
establish new relationships between second-order growth conditions on
functions, the basic properties of metric regularity and subregularity of the
limiting subdifferential, tilt-stability of local minimizers, and
positive-definiteness/semidefiniteness properties of the second-order
subdifferential (or generalized Hessian).


title: Attacks and Countermeasures in Fingerprint Based Biometric Cryptosystems

abstract:
  We investigate implementations of biometric cryptosystems protecting
fingerprint templates (which are mostly based on the fuzzy vault scheme by
Juels and Sudan in 2002) with respect to the security they provide. We show
that attacks taking advantage of the system's false acceptance rate, i.e.
false-accept attacks, pose a very serious risk --- even if brute-force attacks
are impractical to perform. Our observations lead to the clear conclusion that
currently a single fingerprint is not sufficient to provide a secure biometric
cryptosystem. But there remain other problems that can not be resolved by
merely switching to multi-finger: Kholmatov and Yanikoglu in 2007 demonstrated
that it is possible to break two matching vault records at quite a high rate
via the correlation attack.
  We propose an implementation of a minutiae fuzzy vault that is inherently
resistant against cross-matching and the correlation attack. Surprisingly,
achieving cross-matching resistance is not at the cost of authentication
performance. In particular, we propose to use a randomized decoding procedure
and find that it is possible to achieve a GAR=91% at which no false accepts are
observed on a database generally used. Our ideas can be adopted into an
implementation of a multibiometric cryptosystem. All experiments described in
this paper can fully be reproduced using software available for download.


title:
Kepler-62: A five-planet system with planets of 1.4 and 1.6 Earth radii
  in the Habitable Zone

abstract:
  We present the detection of five planets -- Kepler-62b, c, d, e, and f -- of
size 1.31, 0.54, 1.95, 1.61 and 1.41 Earth radii, orbiting a K2V star at
periods of 5.7, 12.4, 18.2, 122.4 and 267.3 days, respectively. The outermost
planets (Kepler-62e & -62f) are super-Earth-size (1.25 < planet radius/earth
radius < 2.0) planets in the habitable zone (HZ) of their host star, receiving
1.2 +- 0.2 and 0.41 +- 0.05 times the solar flux at Earth's orbit. Theoretical
models of Kepler-62e and -62f for a stellar age of ~7 Gyr suggest that both
planets could be solid: either with a rocky composition or composed of mostly
solid water in their bulk.


title:
The Magnetic Structure of Solar Prominence Cavities: New Observational
  Signature Revealed by Coronal Magnetometry

abstract:
  The Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter (CoMP) obtains daily full-Sun
above-the-limb coronal observations in linear polarization, allowing for the
first time a diagnostic of the coronal magnetic field direction in quiescent
prominence cavities. We find that these cavities consistently possess a
characteristic "lagomorphic" signature in linear polarization indicating twist
or shear extending up into the cavity above the neutral line. We demonstrate
that such a signature may be explained by a magnetic flux-rope model, a
topology with implications for solar eruptions. We find corroborating evidence
for a flux rope structure in the pattern of concentric rings within cavities
seen in CoMP line-of-sight velocity.


title:
Embedded Protostars in the Dust, Ice, and Gas In Time (DIGIT) Key
  Program: Continuum SEDs, and an Inventory of Characteristic Far-Infrared
  Lines from PACS Spectroscopy

abstract:
  We present 50-210 um spectral scans of 30 Class 0/I protostellar sources,
obtained with Herschel-PACS, and 0.5-1000 um SEDs, as part of the Dust, Ice,
and Gas in Time (DIGIT) Key Program. Some sources exhibit up to 75 H2O lines
ranging in excitation energy from 100-2000 K, 12 transitions of OH, and CO
rotational lines ranging from J=14-13 up to J=40-39. [O I] is detected in all
but one source in the entire sample; among the sources with detectable [O I]
are two Very Low Luminosity Objects (VeLLOs). The mean 63/145 um [O I] flux
ratio is 17.2 +/- 9.2. The [O I] 63 um line correlates with Lbol, but not with
the time-averaged outflow rate derived from low-J CO maps. [C II] emission is
in general not local to the source. The sample Lbol increased by 1.25 (1.06)
and Tbol decreased to 0.96 (0.96) of mean (median) values with the inclusion of
the Herschel data. Most CO rotational diagrams are characterized by two
optically thin components (<N> = (0.70 +/- 1.12) x 10^49 total particles). N_CO
correlates strongly with Lbol, but neither Trot nor N_CO(warm)/N_CO(hot)
correlates with Lbol, suggesting that the total excited gas is related to the
current source luminosity, but that the excitation is primarily determined by
the physics of the interaction (e.g., UV- heating/shocks). Rotational
temperatures for H2O (<Trot> = 194 +/- 85 K) and OH (<Trot> = 183 +/- 117 K)
are generally lower than for CO, and much of the scatter in the observations
about the best fit is attributed to differences in excitation conditions and
optical depths amongst the detected lines.


title: A Self-Gravitating Disc Around L1527 IRS?

abstract:
  Recent observations of the Class 0 protostar L1527 IRS have revealed a
rotationally supported disc with an outer radius of at least 100 au.
Measurements of the integrated flux at 870 microns suggest a disc mass that is
too low for gravitational instability to govern angular momentum transport.
However, if parts of the disc are optically thick at sub-mm wavelengths, the
sub-mm fluxes will underestimate the disc mass, and the disc's actual mass may
be substantially larger, potentially sufficient to be self-gravitating.
  We investigate this possibility using simple self-gravitating disc models. To
match the observed mass accretion rates requires a disc-to-star mass ratio of
at least ~0.5, which produces sub-mm fluxes that are similar to those observed
for L1527 IRS in the absence of irradiation from the envelope or central star.
If irradiation is significant, then the predicted fluxes exceed the observed
fluxes by around an order of magnitude. Our model also indicates that the
stresses produced by the gravitational instability are low enough to prevent
disc fragmentation.
  As such, we conclude that observations do not rule out the possibility that
the disc around L1527 IRS is self-gravitating, but it is more likely that
despite being a very young system, this disc may already have left the
self-gravitating phase.


title:
The Classification of Partition Homogeneous Groups with Applications to
  Semigroup Theory

abstract:
  Let $\lambda=(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,...)$ be a \emph{partition} of $n$, a
sequence of positive integers in non-increasing order with sum $n$. Let
$\Omega:=\{1,...,n\}$. An ordered partition $P=(A_1,A_2,...)$ of $\Omega$ has
\emph{type} $\lambda$ if $|A_i|=\lambda_i$.
  Following Martin and Sagan, we say that $G$ is \emph{$\lambda$-transitive}
if, for any two ordered partitions $P=(A_1,A_2,...)$ and $Q=(B_1,B_2,...)$ of
$\Omega$ of type $\lambda$, there exists $g\in G$ with $A_ig=B_i$ for all $i$.
A group $G$ is said to be \emph{$\lambda$-homogeneous} if, given two ordered
partitions $P$ and $Q$ as above, inducing the sets $P'=\{A_1,A_2,...\}$ and
$Q'=\{B_1,B_2,...\}$, there exists $g\in G$ such that $P'g=Q'$. Clearly a
$\lambda$-transitive group is $\lambda$-homogeneous.
  The first goal of this paper is to classify the $\lambda$-homogeneous groups.
The second goal is to apply this classification to a problem in semigroup
theory.
  Let $\trans$ and $\sym$ denote the transformation monoid and the symmetric
group on $\Omega$, respectively. Fix a group $H\leq \sym$. Given a
non-invertible transformation $a\in \trans\setminus \sym$ and a group $G\leq
\sym$, we say that $(a,G)$ is an \emph{$H$-pair} if the semigroups generated by
$\{a\}\cup H$ and $\{a\}\cup G$ contain the same non-units, that is, $<
a,G>\setminus G=< a,H>\setminus H$. Using the classification of the
$\lambda$-homogeneous groups we classify all the $\sym$-pairs.
  This topic involves both group theory and semigroup theory; we have attempted
to include enough exposition to make the paper self-contained for researchers
in both areas.
  The paper finishes with a number of open problems on permutation and linear
groups.


title: A Universal Grammar-Based Code For Lossless Compression of Binary Trees

abstract:
  We consider the problem of lossless compression of binary trees, with the aim
of reducing the number of code bits needed to store or transmit such trees. A
lossless grammar-based code is presented which encodes each binary tree into a
binary codeword in two steps. In the first step, the tree is transformed into a
context-free grammar from which the tree can be reconstructed. In the second
step, the context-free grammar is encoded into a binary codeword. The decoder
of the grammar-based code decodes the original tree from its codeword by
reversing the two encoding steps. It is shown that the resulting grammar-based
binary tree compression code is a universal code on a family of probabilistic
binary tree source models satisfying certain weak restrictions.


title:
Convergence of methods for coupling of microscopic and mesoscopic
  reaction-diffusion simulations

abstract:
  In this paper, three multiscale methods for coupling of mesoscopic
(compartment-based) and microscopic (molecular-based) stochastic
reaction-diffusion simulations are investigated. Two of the three methods that
will be discussed in detail have been previously reported in the literature;
the two-regime method (TRM) and the compartment-placement method (CPM). The
third method that is introduced and analysed in this paper is the ghost cell
method (GCM). Presented is a comparison of sources of error. The convergent
properties of this error are studied as the time step $\Delta t$ (for updating
the molecular-based part of the model) approaches zero. It is found that the
error behaviour depends on another fundamental computational parameter $h$, the
compartment size in the mesoscopic part of the model. Two important limiting
cases, which appear in applications, are considered: (i) \Delta t approaches 0
and h is fixed; and (ii) \Delta t approaches 0 and h approaches 0 such that
\Delta t/h^2 is fixed. The error for previously developed approaches (the TRM
and CPM) converges to zero only in the limiting case (ii), but not in case (i).
It is shown that the error of the GCM converges in the limiting case (i). Thus
the GCM is superior to previous coupling techniques if the mesoscopic
description is much coarser than the microscopic part of the model.


title: A Static Analysis Framework for Livelock Freedom in CSP

abstract:
  In a process algebra with hiding and recursion it is possible to create
processes which compute internally without ever communicating with their
environment. Such processes are said to diverge or livelock. In this paper we
show how it is possible to conservatively classify processes as livelock-free
through a static analysis of their syntax. In particular, we present a
collection of rules, based on the inductive structure of terms, which guarantee
livelock-freedom of the denoted process. This gives rise to an algorithm which
conservatively flags processes that can potentially livelock. We illustrate our
approach by applying both BDD-based and SAT-based implementations of our
algorithm to a range of benchmarks, and show that our technique in general
substantially outperforms the model checker FDR whilst exhibiting a low rate of
inconclusive results.


title: New Anti-Neutrino Cross-Section Results from MiniBooNE

abstract:
  The first measurements of antineutrino charged-current quasielastic ($\numub$
CCQE, $\numu + N \to \mup + N'$) and neutral-current elastic ($\numub$ NCE,
$\numu + N \to \numu + N$) cross sections with $< E_{\bar{\nu}} >$ $<$ 1 GeV
are presented. To maximize the precision of these measurements, many
data-driven background measurements were executed, including a first
demonstration of charge separation using a non-magnetized detector. Apart from
extending our knowledge of antineutrino interactions by probing a new energy
range, these measurements constrain signal and background processes for current
and future neutrino oscillation experiments and also carry implications for
intra-nuclear interactions.


title: Environments of Strong / Ultrastrong, Ultraviolet Fe II Emitting Quasars

abstract:
  We have investigated the strength of ultraviolet Fe II emission from quasars
within the environments of Large Quasar Groups (LQGs) in comparison with
quasars elsewhere, for 1.1 <= <z_LQG> <= 1.7, using the DR7QSO catalogue of the
Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We use the Weymann et al. W2400 equivalent width,
defined between the rest-frame continuum-windows 2240-2255 and 2665-2695 Ang.,
as the measure of the UV Fe II emission. We find a significant shift of the
W2400 distribution to higher values for quasars within LQGs, predominantly for
those LQGs with 1.1 <= <z_LQG> <= 1.5. There is a tentative indication that the
shift to higher values increases with the quasar i magnitude. We find evidence
that within LQGs the ultrastrong emitters with W2400 >= 45 Ang. (more
precisely, ultrastrong-plus with W2400 >= 44 Ang.) have preferred
nearest-neighbour separations of ~ 30-50 Mpc to the adjacent quasar of any
W2400 strength. No such effect is seen for the ultrastrong emitters that are
not in LQGs. The possibilities for increasing the strength of the Fe II
emission appear to be iron abundance, Ly-alpha fluorescence, and
microturbulence, and probably all of these operate. The dense environment of
the LQGs may have led to an increased rate of star formation and an enhanced
abundance of iron in the nuclei of galaxies. Similarly the dense environment
may have led to more active blackholes and increased Ly-alpha fluorescence. The
preferred nearest-neighbour separation for the stronger emitters would appear
to suggest a dynamical component, such as microturbulence. In one particular
LQG, the Huge-LQG (the largest structure known in the early universe), six of
the seven strongest emitters very obviously form three pairings within the
total of 73 members.


title: Uniform generation of RNA pseudoknot structures with genus filtration

abstract:
  In this paper we present a sampling framework for RNA structures of fixed
topological genus. We introduce a novel, linear time, uniform sampling
algorithm for RNA structures of fixed topological genus $g$, for arbitrary
$g>0$. Furthermore we develop a linear time sampling algorithm for RNA
structures of fixed topological genus $g$ that are weighted by a simplified,
loop-based energy functional. For this process the partition function of the
energy functional has to be computed once, which has $O(n^2)$ time complexity.


title: Square function characterization of weak Hardy spaces

abstract:
  We obtain a new square function characterization of the weak Hardy space
$H^{p,\infty}$ for all $p\in(0,\iy)$. This space consists of all tempered
distributions whose smooth maximal function lies in weak $L^p$. Our proof is
based on interpolation between $H^p$ spaces. The main difficulty we overcome is
the lack of a good dense subspace of $H^{p,\infty}$ which forces us to work
with general $H^{p,\infty}$ distributions.


title: Bingham Procrustean Alignment for Object Detection in Clutter

abstract:
  A new system for object detection in cluttered RGB-D images is presented. Our
main contribution is a new method called Bingham Procrustean Alignment (BPA) to
align models with the scene. BPA uses point correspondences between oriented
features to derive a probability distribution over possible model poses. The
orientation component of this distribution, conditioned on the position, is
shown to be a Bingham distribution. This result also applies to the classic
problem of least-squares alignment of point sets, when point features are
orientation-less, and gives a principled, probabilistic way to measure pose
uncertainty in the rigid alignment problem. Our detection system leverages BPA
to achieve more reliable object detections in clutter.


title: Neutrino Anisotropies after Planck

abstract:
  We present new constraints on the rest-frame sound speed, c_{eff}^2, and the
viscosity parameter, c_{vis}^2, of the Cosmic Neutrino Background from the
recent measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies provided by
the Planck satellite. While broadly consistent with the expectations of
c_{eff}^2=c_{vis}^2=1/3 in the standard scenario, the Planck dataset hints at a
higher value of the viscosity parameter, with c_{vis}^2=0.60+/-0.18 at 68%
c.l., and a lower value of the sound speed, with c_{eff}^2=0.304+/-0.013 at 68%
c.l.. We find a correlation between the neutrino parameters and the lensing
amplitude of the temperature power spectrum A_L. When the latter parameter is
allowed to vary, we find a better consistency with the standard model with
c_{vis}^2=0.51+/-0.22, c_{eff}^2=0.311+/-0.019 and A_L=1.08+/-0.18 at 68% c.l..
This result indicates that the anomalous large value of A_L measured by Planck
could be connected to non-standard neutrino properties. Including additional
datasets from Baryon Acoustic Oscillation surveys and the Hubble Space
Telescope constraint on the Hubble constant, we obtain c_{vis}^2=0.40+/-0.19,
c_{eff}^2=0.319+/-0.019, and A_{L}=1.15+/-0.17 at 68% c.l.; including the
lensing power spectrum, we obtain c_{vis}^2=0.50+/-0.19,
c_{eff}^2=0.314+/-0.015, and A_L=1.025+/-0.076 at 68% c.l.. Finally, we
investigate further degeneracies between the clustering parameters and other
cosmological parameters.


title:
Analytic Treatment of Tipping Points for Social Consensus in Large
  Random Networks

abstract:
  We introduce a homogeneous pair approximation to the Naming Game (NG) model
by deriving a six-dimensional ODE for the two-word Naming Game. Our ODE reveals
the change in dynamical behavior of the Naming Game as a function of the
average degree < k > of an uncorrelated network. This result is in good
agreement with the numerical results. We also analyze the extended NG model
that allows for presence of committed nodes and show that there is a shift of
the tipping point for social consensus in sparse networks.


title: Stopping Sets of Algebraic Geometry Codes

abstract:
  Stopping sets and stopping set distribution of a linear code play an
important role in the performance analysis of iterative decoding for this
linear code. Let $C$ be an $[n,k]$ linear code over $\f$ with parity-check
matrix $H$, where the rows of $H$ may be dependent. Let $[n]=\{1,2,...,n\}$
denote the set of column indices of $H$. A \emph{stopping set} $S$ of $C$ with
parity-check matrix $H$ is a subset of $[n]$ such that the restriction of $H$
to $S$ does not contain a row of weight 1. The \emph{stopping set distribution}
$\{T_{i}(H)\}_{i=0}^{n}$ enumerates the number of stopping sets with size $i$
of $C$ with parity-check matrix $H$. Denote $H^{*}$ the parity-check matrix
consisting of all the non-zero codewords in the dual code $C^{\bot}$. In this
paper, we study stopping sets and stopping set distributions of some residue
algebraic geometry (AG) codes with parity-check matrix $H^*$. First, we give
two descriptions of stopping sets of residue AG codes. For the simplest AG
codes, i.e., the generalized Reed-Solomon codes, it is easy to determine all
the stopping sets. Then we consider AG codes from elliptic curves. We use the
group structure of rational points of elliptic curves to present a complete
characterization of stopping sets. Then the stopping sets, the stopping set
distribution and the stopping distance of the AG code from an elliptic curve
are reduced to the search, counting and decision versions of the subset sum
problem in the group of rational points of the elliptic curve, respectively.
Finally, for some special cases, we determine the stopping set distributions of
AG codes from elliptic curves.


title:
Improved Approximation Algorithms for the Min-Max Selecting Items
  Problem

abstract:
  We give a simple deterministic $O(\log K / \log\log K)$ approximation
algorithm for the Min-Max Selecting Items problem, where $K$ is the number of
scenarios. While our main goal is simplicity, this result also improves over
the previous best approximation ratio of $O(\log K)$ due to Kasperski, Kurpisz,
and Zieli\'nski (Information Processing Letters (2013)). Despite using the
method of pessimistic estimators, the algorithm has a polynomial runtime also
in the RAM model of computation. We also show that the LP formulation for this
problem by Kasperski and Zieli\'nski (Annals of Operations Research (2009)),
which is the basis for the previous work and ours, has an integrality gap of at
least $\Omega(\log K / \log\log K)$.


title:
Separation of proton polarizabilities with the beam asymmetry of Compton
  scattering

abstract:
  We propose to determine the magnetic dipole polarizability of the proton
directly from the beam asymmetry of low-energy Compton scattering based on the
fact that the leading non-Born contribution to the asymmetry is due to the
magnetic polarizability alone; the electric polarizability cancels out. The
beam asymmetry thus provides the simplest observable with a clean separation of
the magnetic polarizability from the electric one. Introducing polarizabilities
in a Lorentz-invariant fashion we compute the higher-order (recoil) effects of
polarizabilities on beam asymmetry and show that these effects are most
suppressed in forward kinematics. With the prospects of precision Compton
experiments at the MAMI and HIGS facilities in mind, we argue why the beam
asymmetry could be the best way to measure the elusive magnetic polarizability
of the proton.


title:
Nuclear state densities of odd-mass heavy nuclei in the shell model
  Monte Carlo approach

abstract:
  While the shell model Monte Carlo approach has been successful in the
microscopic calculation of nuclear state densities, it has been difficult to
calculate accurately state densities of odd-even heavy nuclei. This is because
the projection on an odd number of particles in the shell model Monte Carlo
method leads to a sign problem at low temperatures, making it impractical to
extract the ground-state energy in direct Monte Carlo calculations. We show
that the ground-state energy can be extracted to a good precision by using
level counting data at low excitation energies and the neutron resonance data
at the neutron threshold energy. This allows us to extend recent applications
of the shell-model Monte Carlo method in even-even rare-earth nuclei to the
odd-even isotopic chains of $^{149-155}$Sm and $^{143-149}$Nd. We calculate the
state densities of the odd-even samarium and neodymium isotopes and find close
agreement with the state densities extracted from experimental data.


title:
Uncertainty in Online Experiments with Dependent Data: An Evaluation of
  Bootstrap Methods

abstract:
  Many online experiments exhibit dependence between users and items. For
example, in online advertising, observations that have a user or an ad in
common are likely to be associated. Because of this, even in experiments
involving millions of subjects, the difference in mean outcomes between control
and treatment conditions can have substantial variance. Previous theoretical
and simulation results demonstrate that not accounting for this kind of
dependence structure can result in confidence intervals that are too narrow,
leading to inaccurate hypothesis tests.
  We develop a framework for understanding how dependence affects uncertainty
in user-item experiments and evaluate how bootstrap methods that account for
differing levels of dependence perform in practice. We use three real datasets
describing user behaviors on Facebook - user responses to ads, search results,
and News Feed stories - to generate data for synthetic experiments in which
there is no effect of the treatment on average by design. We then estimate
empirical Type I error rates for each bootstrap method. Accounting for
dependence within a single type of unit (i.e., within-user dependence) is often
sufficient to get reasonable error rates. But when experiments have effects, as
one might expect in the field, accounting for multiple units with a multiway
bootstrap can be necessary to get close to the advertised Type I error rates.
This work provides guidance to practitioners evaluating large-scale
experiments, and highlights the importance of analysis of inferential methods
for dependence structures common to online systems.


title: Can Organic Ions Dissolve Fullerenes?

abstract:
  Over 150 solvents have been so far probed to dissolve light fullerenes - with
quite moderate success. Based on unusual electronic properties of the C60
fullerene and room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), we hereby propose to use
their mutual polarizability to significantly promote solubility of C60. We
report analysis supported by density functional theory with reliable hybrid
functional and large-scale molecular dynamics simulations with specifically
tuned empirical potential. The analysis suggests a workability of the proposed
mechanism and provides qualitatively new insights into obtaining real fullerene
solutions. Our preliminary findings open a wide avenue for engineering specific
solvents for fullerenes and, possibly, some other nanoscale carbonaceous
structures.


title:
A CO J=3-2 map of M51 with HARP-B: Radial properties of the spiral
  structure

abstract:
  We present the first complete CO J=3-2 map of the nearby grand-design spiral
galaxy M51 (NGC 5194), at a spatial resolution of ~600 pc, obtained with the
HARP-B instrument on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. The map covers the
entire optical galaxy disk and out to the companion NGC 5195, with CO J=3-2
emission detected over an area of ~9'x6' (~21x14 kpc). We describe the CO J=3-2
integrated intensity map and combine our results with maps of CO J=2-1, CO
J=1-0 and other data from the literature to investigate the variation of the
molecular gas, atomic gas and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) properties
of M51 as a function of distance along the spiral structure on sub-kpc scales.
We find that for the CO J=3-2 and CO J=2-1 transitions there is a clear
difference between the variation of arm and inter-arm emission with
galactocentric radius, with the inter-arm emission relatively constant with
radius and the contrast between arm and inter-arm emission decreasing with
radius. For CO J=1-0 and HI the variation with radius shows a similar trend for
the arm and inter-arm regions, and the arm-inter-arm contrast appears
relatively constant with radius. We investigate the variation of CO line ratios
(J=3-2/2-1, J=2-1/1-0 and J=3-2/1-0) as a function of distance along the spiral
structure. Line ratios are consistent with the range of typical values for
other nearby galaxies in the literature. The highest CO J=3-2/2-1 line ratios
are found in the central ~1 kpc and in the spiral arms and the lowest line
ratios in the inter-arm regions.We find no clear evidence of a trend with
radius for the spiral arms but for the inter-arm regions there appears to be a
trend for all CO line ratios to increase with radius. We find a strong
relationship between the ratio of CO J=3-2 intensity to stellar
continuum-subtracted 8mu PAH surface brightness and the CO J=3-2 intensity that
appears to vary with radius.


title:
One Sided indeterminism alone is not a useful resource to simulate any
  nonlocal correlation

abstract:
  Determinism, no signaling and measurement independence are some of the
constraints required for framing Bell inequality. Any model simulating nonlocal
correlations must either individually or jointly give up these constraints.
Recently M. J. W. Hall (Phys Review A, \textbf{84}, 022102 (2011)) derived
different forms of Bell inequalities under the assumption of individual or
joint relaxation of those constraints on both(i.e., two) the sides of a
bipartite system. In this work we have investigated whether one sided
relaxation can also be a useful resource for simulating nonlocal correlations
or not. We have derived Bell-type inequalities under the assumption of joint
relaxation of these constraints only by one party of a bipartite system.
Interestingly we found that any amount of randomness in correlations of one
party in absence of signaling between two parties is incapable of showing any
sort of Bell-CHSH violation whereas signaling and measurement dependence
individually can simulate any nonlocal correlations. We have also completed the
proof of a recent conjecture due to Hall (Phys. Rev. A \textbf{82}, 062117
(2010); Phys. Rev. A \textbf{84}, 022102 (2011)) for one sided relaxation
scenario only.


title:
Limits on the quartic couplings $Z\gamma\gamma\gamma$ and
  $ZZ\gamma\gamma$ from $e^+e^-$ colliders

abstract:
  We obtain limits on the quartic neutral gauge bosons couplings
$Z\gamma\gamma\gamma$ and $ZZ\gamma\gamma$ using LEP 2 data published by the L3
Collaboration on the reactions $e^+e^-\to \gamma\gamma\gamma, Z\gamma\gamma$.
We also obtain $95 \%$ C. L. limits on these couplings at the future linear
colliders energies. The LEP 2 data induce limits of order $10^{-5}$ $GeV^{-4}$
for the $Z\gamma\gamma\gamma$ couplings and of order $10^{-3}$ $GeV^{-2}$ for
the $ZZ\gamma\gamma$ couplings, which are still above the respective Standard
Model predictions. Future $e^+e^-$ linear colliders may improve these limits by
one or two orders of magnitude.


title: Multiplicity of 1 in Laplacian Spectra of trees

abstract:
  In this paper, we interpret the multiplicity of 1 in Laplacian spectra of
trees and prove that Faria's inequality turns to an equality in the case of
normal trees which yields that in any tree without a vertex of degree 2, Faria
equality holds and multiplicity of 1 in Laplacian spectrum will be equal to
star degree of the the tree. As a result we introduce a combinatorial procedure
for computing the multiplicity of 1. In the way to prove this results we will
introduce many transformation on graphs which are invariant regarding to the
multiplicity of 1. We also introduce an inequality for the multiplicity of 0 in
adjacency spectrum of graphs and again introduce a procedure to compute this
multiplicity in the case of trees.


title: A Note on Locally Unextendible Non-Maximally Entangled Basis

abstract:
  We study the locally unextendible non-maximally entangled basis (LUNMEB) in
$H^{d}\bigotimes H^{d}$. We point out that there exists an error in the proof
of the main result of LUNMEB [Quant. Inf. Comput. 12, 0271(2012)], which claims
that there are at most $d$ orthogonal vectors in a LUNMEB, constructed from a
given non-maximally entangled state. We show that both the proof and the main
result are not correct in general. We present a counter example for $d=4$, in
which five orthogonal vectors from a specific non-maximally entangled state are
constructed. Besides, we completely solve the problem of LUNMEB for the case of
$d=2$.


title:
School Choice as a One-Sided Matching Problem: Cardinal Utilities and
  Optimization

abstract:
  The school choice problem concerns the design and implementation of matching
mechanisms that produce school assignments for students within a given public
school district. Previously considered criteria for evaluating proposed
mechanisms such as stability, strategyproofness and Pareto efficiency do not
always translate into desirable student assignments. In this note, we explore a
class of one-sided, cardinal utility maximizing matching mechanisms focused
exclusively on student preferences. We adapt a well-known combinatorial
optimization technique (the Hungarian algorithm) as the kernel of this class of
matching mechanisms. We find that, while such mechanisms can be adapted to meet
desirable criteria not met by any previously employed mechanism in the school
choice literature, they are not strategyproof. We discuss the practical
implications and limitations of our approach at the end of the article.


title: On discretely self-similar solutions of the Euler equations

abstract:
  This notes gives several criteria which exclude the existence of discretely
self-similar solutions of the three dimensional incompressible Euler equations.


title:
Numerical Evidence for Dark Star Formation: A Comment on "Weakly
  Interacting Massive Particle Dark Matter and First Stars: Suppression of
  Fragmentation in Primordial Star Formation" by Smith et al. 2012, ApJ 761,
  154

abstract:
  (abridged) This comment is intended to show that simulations by Smith et al.
(S12) support the Dark Star (DS) scenario and even remove some potential
obstacles. Our previous work illustrated that the initial hydrogen densities of
the first equilibrium DSs are high, ~10^{17}/cm^3 for the case of 100 GeV
WIMPs, with a stellar radius of ~2-3 AU. Subsequent authors have somehow missed
the fact that equilibrium DSs have the high densities they do. S12 have
numerically simulated the effect of dark matter annihilation on the contraction
of a protostellar gas cloud en route to forming the first stars. They show
results at a density ~5 10^{14}/cm^3, slightly higher than the value at which
annihilation heating prevails over cooling. However, they are apparently unable
to reach the ~10^{17}/cm^3 density of our hydrostatic DS solutions. We are in
complete agreement with their physical result that the gas keeps collapsing to
densities > 5 10^{14}/cm^3, as it must before equilibrium DSs can form. However
we are in disagreement with some of the words in their paper which imply that
DSs never come to exist. It seems to us that S12 supports the DS scenario. They
use the sink particle approach to treat the gas that collapses to scales
smaller than their resolution limit. We argue that their sink is effectively a
DS, or contains one. An accretion disk forms as more mass falls onto the sink,
and the DS grows. S12 not only confirm our predictions about DS in the range
where the simulations apply, but also solve a potential obstruction to DS
formation by showing that dark matter annihilation prevents the fragmentation
of the collapsing gas. Whereas fragmentation might perturb the dark matter away
from the DS and remove its power source, instead S12 show that further sinks,
if any, form only far enough away as to leave the DS undisturbed in the comfort
of its dark matter surroundings.


title:
Temperature dependent local atomic displacements in Ru substituted
  SmFe_{1-x}Ru_{x}AsO_{0.85}F_{0.15} superconductors

abstract:
  Local structure of SmFe$_{1-x}$Ru$_x$AsO$_{0.85}$F$_{0.15}$ ($x$ = 0.0, 0.05,
0.25 and 0.5) superconductors has been investigated by temperature dependent As
$K$-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure. The effect of Ru
substitution remains confined to the iron-arsenide layer but neither the static
disorder nor the Fe-As bond strength suffers any change for $x \le$ 0.25. With
further Ru substitution the static disorder increases while the Fe-As bond
strength remains unchanged. Also, the Ru-As distance ($\sim$2.42 \AA),
different from the Fe-As distance ($\sim$2.39 \AA), does not show any change in
its force constant with the Ru substitution. These observations suggest that
the SmFe$_{1-x}$Ru$_x$AsO$_{0.85}$F$_{0.15}$ system breaks down to coexisting
local electronic phases on isoelectric substitution in the active FeAs layer.


title: Improving genetic risk prediction by leveraging pleiotropy

abstract:
  An important task of human genetics studies is to accurately predict disease
risks in individuals based on genetic markers, which allows for identifying
individuals at high disease risks, and facilitating their disease treatment and
prevention. Although hundreds of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have
been conducted on many complex human traits in recent years, there has been
only limited success in translating these GWAS data into clinically useful risk
prediction models. The predictive capability of GWAS data is largely
bottlenecked by the available training sample size due to the presence of
numerous variants carrying only small to modest effects. Recent studies have
shown that different human traits may share common genetic bases. Therefore, an
attractive strategy to increase the training sample size and hence improve the
prediction accuracy is to integrate data of genetically correlated phenotypes.
Yet the utility of genetic correlation in risk prediction has not been explored
in the literature. In this paper, we analyzed GWAS data for bipolar and related
disorders (BARD) and schizophrenia (SZ) with a bivariate ridge regression
method, and found that jointly predicting the two phenotypes could
substantially increase prediction accuracy as measured by the AUC (area under
the receiver operating characteristic curve). We also found similar prediction
accuracy improvements when we jointly analyzed GWAS data for Crohn's disease
(CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The empirical observations were substantiated
through our comprehensive simulation studies, suggesting that a gain in
prediction accuracy can be obtained by combining phenotypes with relatively
high genetic correlations. Through both real data and simulation studies, we
demonstrated pleiotropy as a valuable asset that opens up a new opportunity to
improve genetic risk prediction in the future.


title:
Anomalous Flux Quantization in the Spin-Imbalanced Attractive Hubbard
  Ring

abstract:
  We investigate the one-dimensional Hubbard ring with attractive interaction
in the presence of imbalanced spin populations by using the exact
diagonalization method. The singlet pairing correlation function is found to
show spatial oscillations with power-law decay as expected in the
Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state of a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid. In the
strong coupling regime, the system shows an anomalous flux quantization of
period h=4e, half of the superconducting flux quantum of h=2e, as recently
predicted by mean-field analysis, together with various flux quanta smaller
than h=4e. Notably, the observed flux quanta are determined by the difference
between the system size NL and electron number N_e as h=(N_L-N_e)e.


title:
Octahedral tilting induced ferroelectricity in the ASnO${_3}$/BSnO${_3}$
  superlattice

abstract:
  The effect of the octahedral tilting of ASnO3 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) parent
compound and bi-color ASnO3/BSnO3 superlattice (A, B = Ca, Sr, Ba) was
predicted from density-functional theory. In the ASnO3 parent compound, the
structural phase transition as a function of the A-site cation size was
correlated with the magnitude of the two octahedral tilting modes (a-a-c0
tilting and a0a0c+ tilting). The magnitude of the octahedral tilting modes in
the superlattices was analyzed quantitatively and found to be associated with
that of the constituent parent materials. The ASnO3/BSnO3 superlattices showed
hybrid improper ferroelectricity resulting from the coupling of two octahedral
tilting modes (a-a-c0 tilting and a0a0c+ tilting), which are also responsible
for the structural phase transition from a tetragonal to orthorhombic phase.
The ferroelectricity due to A-site mirror symmetry breaking is a secondary
order parameter for an orthorhombic phase transition in the bi-color
superlattice and is related to the {\Gamma}5- symmetry mode. The coupling
between the tilting modes and ferroelectric mode in the bi-color superlattice
of ASnO3/BSnO3 was analyzed by group theory and symmetry mode analysis.


title:
Compensating the electron beam energy spread by the natural transverse
  gradient of laser undulator in all-optical x-ray light sources

abstract:
  All-optical ideas provide a potential to dramatically cut off the size and
cost of x-ray light sources to the university-laboratory scale, with the
combination of the laser-plasma accelerator and the laser undulator. However,
the large longitudinal energy spread of the electron beam from laser-plasma
accelerator may hinder the way to high brightness of these all-optical light
sources. In this paper, the beam energy spread effect is proposed to be
significantly compensated by the natural transverse gradient of a laser
undulator when properly transverse-dispersing the electron beam. Theoretical
analysis and numerical simulations on conventional laser-Compton scattering
sources and high-gain all-optical x-ray free-electron lasers with the electron
beams from laser-plasma accelerators are presented.


title: Lattice Boltzmann model for combustion and detonation

abstract:
  In this paper we present a lattice Boltzmann model for combustion and
detonation. In this model the fluid behavior is described by a
finite-difference lattice Boltzmann model by Gan et al. [Physica A, 2008, 387:
1721]. The chemical reaction is described by the Lee-Tarver model [Phys.
Fluids, 1980, 23: 2362]. The reaction heat is naturally coupled with the flow
behavior. Due to the separation of time scales in the chemical and
thermodynamic processes, a key technique for a successful simulation is to use
the operator-splitting scheme. The new model is verified and validated by
well-known benchmark tests. As a specific application of the new model, we
studied the simple steady detonation phenomenon. To show the merit of LB model
over the traditional ones, we focus on the reaction zone to study the
non-equilibrium effects. It is interesting to find that, at the von Neumann
peak, the system is nearly in its thermodynamic equilibrium. At the two sides
of the von Neumann peak, the system deviates from its equilibrium in opposite
directions. In the front of von Neumann peak, due to the strong compression
from the reaction product behind the von Neumann peak, the system experiences a
sudden deviation from thermodynamic equilibrium. Behind the von Neumann peak,
the release of chemical energy results in thermal expansion of the matter
within the reaction zone, which drives the system to deviate the thermodynamic
equilibrium in the opposite direction. From the deviation from thermodynamic
equilibrium, defined in this paper, one can understand more on the macroscopic
effects of the system due to the deviation from its thermodynamic equilibrium.


title: Coupler Conditioning and High Power Testing of ADS Spoke Cavity

abstract:
  Power couplers, used in China-ADS proton linac injector I, are required to
transfer 6kW RF power to the superconducting Spoke cavities. At present, first
two couplers of coaxial design have been fabricated and accomplished high power
test at IHEP. The test results indicated that couplers of this design are
qualified to deliver 10kW RF power in continuous travelling wave mode. This
paper described the coupler's room temperature test procedures and results,
discussed the original high power test terminated due to serious out-gassing
and after some modifications. In the final test, the couplers smoothly exceeded
the design power level.


title: On Integrating Fuzzy Knowledge Using a Novel Evolutionary Algorithm

abstract:
  Fuzzy systems may be considered as knowledge-based systems that incorporates
human knowledge into their knowledge base through fuzzy rules and fuzzy
membership functions. The intent of this study is to present a fuzzy knowledge
integration framework using a Novel Evolutionary Strategy (NES), which can
simultaneously integrate multiple fuzzy rule sets and their membership function
sets. The proposed approach consists of two phases: fuzzy knowledge encoding
and fuzzy knowledge integration. Four application domains, the hepatitis
diagnosis, the sugarcane breeding prediction, Iris plants classification, and
Tic-tac-toe endgame were used to show the performance ofthe proposed knowledge
approach. Results show that the fuzzy knowledge base derived using our approach
performs better than Genetic Algorithm based approach.


title: Proton decay matrix elements on the lattice

abstract:
  Hadronic matrix elements of proton decay are essential ingredients to bridge
the grand unification theory to low energy observables like proton lifetime. In
this paper we non-perturbatively calculate the matrix elements, relevant for
the process of a nucleon decaying into a pseudoscalar meson and an anti-lepton
through generic baryon number violating four-fermi operators. Lattice QCD with
2+1 flavor dynamical domain-wall fermions with the {\it direct} method, which
is direct measurement of matrix element from three-point function without
chiral perturbation theory, are used for this study to have good control over
the lattice discretization error, operator renormalization, and chiral
extrapolation. The relevant form factors for possible transition process from
an initial proton or neutron to a final pion or kaon induced by all types of
three quark operators are obtained through three-point functions of
(nucleon)-(three-quark operator)-(meson) with physical kinematics. In this
study all the relevant systematic uncertainties of the form factors are taken
into account for the first time, and the total error is found to be the range
30%-40% for $\pi$ and 20%-40% for $K$ final states.


title:
WSLD operators: A class of fourth order difference approximations for
  space Riemann-Liouville derivative

abstract:
  Because of the nonlocal properties of fractional operators, higher order
schemes play more important role in discretizing fractional derivatives than
classical ones. The striking feature is that higher order schemes of fractional
derivatives can keep the same computation cost with first-order schemes but
greatly improve the accuracy. Nowadays, there are already two types of second
order discretization schemes for space fractional derivatives: the first type
is given and discussed in [Sousa & Li, arXiv:1109.2345; Chen & Deng,
arXiv:1304.3788; Chen et al., Appl. Numer. Math., 70, 22-41]; and the second
type is a class of schemes presented in [Tian et al., arXiv:1201.5949]. The
core object of this paper is to derive a class of fourth order approximations,
called the weighted and shifted Lubich difference (WSLD) operators, for space
fractional derivatives. Then we use the derived schemes to solve the space
fractional diffusion equation with variable coefficients in one-dimensional and
two-dimensional cases. And the unconditional stability and the convergence with
the global truncation error $\mathcal{O}(\tau^2+h^4)$ are theoretically proved
and numerically verified.


title:
Point Contact Spectroscopy of Fe Pnictides & Chalcogenides In The Normal
  State

abstract:
  We review the current status of point contact spectroscopy on the iron based
superconductors, focusing on their normal state. Point contact spectroscopy is
generally used to study superconductors via Andreev reflection, but in recent
years it has also proved to be a useful bulk probe of strongly correlated
electron systems. Point contact spectroscopy picks up a conductance enhancement
in the normal state, above the structural phase transition, of certain iron
based compounds. These include Co doped $\rm{BaFe_2As_2}$, $\rm{SrFe_2As_2}$,
$\rm{Fe_{1+y}Te}$ and F doped $\rm{SmFeAsO}$ and $\rm{LaFeAsO}$. Two materials
which do not show this conductance enhancement are $\rm{CaFe_2As_2}$ and K
doped $\rm{BaFe_2As_2}$. This conductance enhancement is thought to be tied to
orbital fluctuations. Orbital fluctuations in the normal state of these
compounds increases the single particle density of states at the Fermi level,
indicating that PCS is sensitive to this excess density of states. The
enhancement is only observed at those temperatures and dopings where an
in-plane resisitve anisotropy in the detwinned compounds is known to occur.
Thus point contact spectroscopy provides strong indications of electronic
nematicity in such materials. We also present diagnostics on how to judge if a
junction is impacted by joule heating or not. We conclude with the outstanding
challenges in the field and the new experiments that need to be carried out.


title:
An algorithm to compute automorphism groups of K3 surfaces and an
  application to singular K3 surfaces

abstract:
  Let X be a complex algebraic K3 surface or a supersingular K3 surface in odd
characteristic. We present an algorithm by which, under certain assumptions on
X, we can calculate a finite set of generators of the image of the natural
homomorphism from the automorphism group of X to the orthogonal group of the
N\'eron-Severi lattice of X. We then apply this algorithm to certain complex K3
surfaces, among which are singular K3 surfaces whose transcendental lattices
are of small discriminants.


title: Studies of the Be star X Persei during a bright infrared phase

abstract:
  We present multi-epoch photometric and spectroscopic near-infrared
observations of the Be star X Persei in the JHK bands covering the wavelength
range 1.08 to 2.35 micron. Combining results from our earlier studies with the
present observations, it is shown that the equivalent widths and line fluxes of
the prominent HI and HeI lines anti-correlate with the strength of the adjacent
continuum. That is, during the span of the observations, the JHK broad band
fluxes increase while the emission equivalent width values of the HI and HeI
lines decrease (the lines under consideration being the Paschen and Brackett
lines of hydrogen and the 1.7002 micron and 2.058 micron lines of helium). Such
an anti-correlation effect is not commonly observed in Be stars in the optical;
in the infrared this may possibly be the first reported case of such behavior.
We examine different mechanisms that could possibly cause it and suggest that
it could originate due to a radiatively warped, precessing circumstellar disk.
It is also shown that during the course of our studies X Per evolved to an
unprecedented state of high near-IR brightness with J, H, K magnitudes of 5.20,
5.05 and 4.84 respectively.


title:
Base-Station Assisted Device-to-Device Communications for
  High-Throughput Wireless Video Networks

abstract:
  We propose a new scheme for increasing the throughput of video files in
cellular communications systems. This scheme exploits (i) the redundancy of
user requests as well as (ii) the considerable storage capacity of smartphones
and tablets. Users cache popular video files and - after receiving requests
from other users - serve these requests via device-to-device localized
transmissions. The file placement is optimal when a central control knows a
priori the locations of wireless devices when file requests occur. However,
even a purely random caching scheme shows only a minor performance loss
compared to such a genie-aided scheme. We then analyze the optimal
collaboration distance, trading off frequency reuse with the probability of
finding a requested file within the collaboration distance. We show that an
improvement of spectral efficiency of one to two orders of magnitude is
possible, even if there is not very high redundancy in video requests.


title:
On Local Congruence of Immersions in Homogeneous or Nonhomogeneous
  Spaces

abstract:
  We show how to find a complete set of necessary and sufficient conditions
that solve the fixed-parameter local congruence problem of immersions in
$G$-spaces, whether homogeneous or not, provided that a certain $k^{\rm th}$
order jet bundle over the $G$-space admits a $G$-invariant local coframe field
of constant structure. As a corollary, we note that the differential order of a
minimal complete set of congruence invariants is bounded by $k+1$. We
demonstrate the method by rediscovering the speed and curvature invariants of
Euclidean planar curves, the Schwarzian derivative of holomorphic immersions in
the complex projective line, and equivalents of the first and second
fundamental forms of surfaces in ${\mathbb R}^3$ subject to rotations


title: Holographic fermions with running chemical potential and dipole coupling

abstract:
  We explore the properties of the holographic fermions in extremal $R$-charged
black hole background with a running chemical potential, as well as the dipole
coupling between fermions and the gauge field in the bulk. We find that
although the running chemical potential effect the location of the Fermi
surface, it does not change the type of fermions. We also study the onset of
the Fermi gap and the gap effected by running chemical potential and the dipole
coupling. The spectral function in the limit $\omega\rightarrow0$ and the
existence of the Fermi liquid are also investigated. The running chemical
potential and the dipole coupling altogether can make a non-Fermi liquid become
the Landau-Fermi type.


title: Sybil-proof Mechanisms in Query Incentive Networks

abstract:
  In this paper, we study incentive mechanisms for retrieving information from
networked agents. Following the model in [Kleinberg and Raghavan 2005], the
agents are represented as nodes in an infinite tree, which is generated by a
random branching process. A query is issued by the root, and each node
possesses an answer with an independent probability $p=1/n$. Further, each node
in the tree acts strategically to maximize its own payoff. In order to
encourage the agents to participate in the information acquisition process, an
incentive mechanism is needed to reward agents who provide the information as
well as agents who help to facilitate such acquisition.
  We focus on designing efficient sybil-proof incentive mechanisms, i.e., which
are robust to fake identity attacks. %We consider incentive mechanisms which
are sybil-proof, i.e., robust to fake identity attacks. We propose a family of
mechanisms, called the direct referral (DR) mechanisms, which allocate most
reward to the information holder as well as its direct parent (or direct
referral). We show that, when designed properly, the direct referral mechanism
is sybil-proof and efficient. In particular, we show that we may achieve an
expected cost of $O(h^2)$ for propagating the query down $h$ levels for any
branching factor $b>1$. This result exponentially improves on previous work
when requiring to find an answer with high probability. When the underlying
network is a deterministic chain, our mechanism is optimal under some mild
assumptions. In addition, due to its simple reward structure, the DR mechanism
might have good chance to be adopted in practice.


title:
Quantum criticality analysis by finite size scaling and exponential
  basis sets

abstract:
  We combine the finite size scaling method with the meshfree spectral method
to calculate quantum critical parameters for a given Hamiltonian. The basic
idea is to expand the exact wave function in a finite exponential basis set and
extrapolate the information about system criticality from a finite basis to the
infinite basis set limit. The used exponential basis set -though chosen
intuitively- allows handling a very wide range of exponential decay rates and
calculating multiple eigenvalues simultaneously. As a benchmark system to
illustrate the combined approach, we choose the Hulthen potential. The results
show that the method is very accurate and converges faster when compared with
other basis functions. The approach is general and can be extended to examine
near threshold phenomena for atomic and molecular systems based on
even-tempered exponential and Gaussian basis functions.


title:
Low Complexity Joint Estimation of Synchronization Impairments in Sparse
  Channel for MIMO-OFDM System

abstract:
  Low complexity joint estimation of synchronization impairments and channel in
a single-user MIMO-OFDM system is presented in this letter. Based on a system
model that takes into account the effects of synchronization impairments such
as carrier frequency offset, sampling frequency offset, and symbol timing
error, and channel, a Maximum Likelihood (ML) algorithm for the joint
estimation is proposed. To reduce the complexity of ML grid search, the number
of received signal samples used for estimation need to be reduced. The
conventional channel estimation methods using Least-Squares (LS) fail for the
reduced sample under-determined system, which results in poor performance of
the joint estimator. The proposed ML algorithm uses Compressed Sensing (CS)
based channel estimation method in a sparse fading scenario, where the received
samples used for estimation are less than that required for an LS based
estimation. The performance of the estimation method is studied through
numerical simulations, and it is observed that CS based joint estimator
performs better than LS based joint estimator


title: Statistical characterization of kappa-mu shadowed fading

abstract:
  This paper investigates a natural generalization of the kappa-mu fading
channel in which the line-of-sight (LOS) component is subject to shadowing.
This fading distribution has a clear physical interpretation, good analytical
properties and unifies the one-side Gaussian, Rayleigh, Nakagami-m, Ricean,
kappa-mu and Ricean shadowed fading distributions. The three basic statistical
characterizations, i.e. probability density function (PDF), cumulative
distribution function (CDF) and moment generating function (MGF), of the
kappa-mu shadowed distribution are obtained in closed-form. Then, it is also
shown that the sum and maximum distributions of independent but arbitrarily
distributed kappa-mu shadowed variates can be expressed in closed-form. This
set of new statistical results is finally applied to the performance analysis
of several wireless communication systems.


title:
Asymptotic expansion for a solution of an elliptic boundary-value
  problem in a thin cascade domain

abstract:
  Asymptotic expansion is constructed and justified for the solution to a
nonuniform Neumann boundary-value problem for the Poisson equation with the
right-hand side that depends both on longitudinal and transversal variables in
a thin cascade domain. Asymptotic energetic and uniform pointwise estimates for
the difference between the solution of the initial problem and the solution of
the corresponding limiting problem are proved.


title:
Study of microbunching instability in the linac of a soft X-ray FEL
  Facility

abstract:
  The development of the microbunching instability is studied for the linac of
the proposed Shanghai Soft X-ray Free-Electron-Laser facility (SXFEL) by
analytic formulae as well as numerical simulations with the aid of two
different codes. The process is investigated in detail and the growth rates
(gains) of the instability under various conditions are compared. The results
indicate that the limitations from numerical computations in the present
simulation model must be taken into account. Moreover, the appearance of
higher-order mode excitations in the simulations suggests that further
improvement of the current theory is necessary. A mechanism of introducing shot
noise into beam profile as the beam passes through a chicane is proposed. The
key issues that drive the instability are analyzed.


title: Flavor dependence of annihilation parameters in QCD factorization

abstract:
  For $B_{d,s} \to \pi^\mp K^\pm$ and $K^{(\ast)} K^{(\ast)}$ decays, the
flavor symmetry breaking effects may be particularly small since the final
state interactions should be the same between the corresponding $B_d$ and $B_s$
decays due to the charge conjugation symmetry of the final states. This is
consistent with the newly measured direct CP asymmetry of $B_s \to \pi^+ K^-$.
These decays are thus supposed to be important in testing the Standard Model
and in probing new physics effects. However, the observation of pure
annihilation decay $B_s \to \pi^+ \pi^-$ appears to imply a large annihilation
scenario with $\rho_A \sim 3$, in contrast to the case of $\rho_A \sim 1$ in
$B_{u,d}$ decays in the framework of QCD factorization. This seems to indicate
unexpectedly large flavor symmetry breaking effects between the annihilation
amplitudes of $B_s$ and $B_{u,d}$ decays. This apparent contradiction could be
resolved by noticing that there is a priori no reason to justify the common
practice of assuming the universality of annihilation parameters for different
Dirac structures of effective operators. We then argue that, for $B_{d,s} \to
\pi^\mp K^\pm$ decays, the flavor symmetry breaking effects of annihilation
amplitudes have all been included in the initial state decay constants and are
thus small. But the flavor symmetry breaking effects in $B_{d,s} \to K^{(\ast)}
K^{(\ast)}$ decays are likely to be much larger, as part of the annihilation
topologies of $B_s \to K K$ decay could be related to $B_s \to \pi^+ \pi^-$
decay. Therefore when new physics effects are searched for in these decay
channels, care must be taken to consider the potentially large flavor symmetry
breaking effects in more details.


title: Massive Scalar Field Quantum Cosmology

abstract:
  We study the third quantized formulation of the massive inflaton quantum
cosmology for the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe. The Hamiltonian is
equivalent to an infinite number of coupled oscillators whose couplings and
frequencies are intrinsic time-dependent. We propose the invariant operators
whose eigenstates provide the exact wave functions of the universe.


title: Framization of the Temperley-Lieb Algebra

abstract:
  We propose a framization of the Temperley-Lieb algebra. The framization is a
procedure that can briefly be described as the adding of framing to a known
knot algebra in a way that is both algebraically consistent and topologically
meaningful. Our framization of the Temperley-Lieb algebra is defined as a
quotient of the Yokonuma-Hecke algebra. The main theorem provides necessary and
sufficient conditions for the Markov trace defined on the Yokonuma-Hecke
algebra to pass through to the quotient algebra. Using this we construct
1-variable invariants for classical knots and links, which, as we show, are not
topologically equivalent to the Jones polynomial.


title: A remote response of ATP hydrolysis

abstract:
  ATP-hydrolysis is the basic energy source of many physiological processes,
but there is a lack of knowledge regarding its biological role other than
energy transfer and thermogenesis. Not all the energy released by
ATP-hydrolysis could be used in powering target biological processes and
functions. Partial energy dissipates into water. By validating the impact of
this dissipated energy, we found that energy released by ATP hydrolysis could
induce notable regulation of biomolecule's properties 100 nanometers away.
Namely ATP hydrolyzation is recycled in remote biochemical property modulation.


title: Von Neumann entropy and majorization

abstract:
  We consider the properties of the Shannon entropy for two probability
distributions which stand in the relationship of majorization. Then we give a
generalization of a theorem due to Uhlmann, extending it to infinite
dimensional Hilbert spaces. Finally we show that for any quantum channel
$\Phi$, one has $S(\Phi(\rho))=S(\rho)$ for all quantum states $\rho$ if and
only if there exists an isometric operator $V$ such that $\Phi(\rho)=V\rho
V^*$.


title:
Superconvergence Using Pointwise Interpolation in Convection-Diffusion
  Problems

abstract:
  Considering a singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problem, we present
an analysis for a superconvergence result using pointwise interpolation of
Gau{\ss}-Lobatto type for higher-order streamline diffusion FEM.
  We show a useful connection between two different types of interpolation,
namely a vertex-edge-cell interpolant and a pointwise interpolant. Moreover,
different postprocessing operators are analysed and applied to model problems.


title: Steady-State Propagation of a Mode II Crack in Couple Stress Elasticity

abstract:
  The present work deals with the problem of a semi-infinite crack steadily
propagating in an elastic body subject to plane-strain shear loading. It is
assumed that the mechanical response of the body is governed by the theory of
couple-stress elasticity including also micro-rotational inertial effects. This
theory introduces characteristic material lengths in order to describe the
pertinent scale effects that emerge from the underlying microstructure and has
proved to be very effective for modeling complex microstructured materials. It
is assumed that the crack propagates at a constant sub-Rayleigh speed. An exact
full field solution is then obtained based on integral transforms and the
Wiener-Hopf technique. Numerical results are presented illustrating the
dependence of the stress intensity factor and the energy release rate upon the
propagation velocity and the characteristic material lengths in couple-stress
elasticity. The present analysis confirms and extends previous results within
the context of couple-stress elasticity concerning stationary cracks by
including inertial and micro-inertial effects.


title:
Properties of single-layer graphene doped by nitrogen with different
  concentrations

abstract:
  Graphene has vast promising applications on the nanoelectronics and
spintronics because of its unique magnetic and electronic properties. Making
use of an ab initio spin-polarized density functional theory, implemented by
the method of Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof 06(HSE06) hybrid functional, the
properties of nitrogen substitutional dopants in semi-metal monolayer graphene
were investigated. We found from our calculation, that introducing nitrogen
doping would possibly break energy degeneracy with respect to spin(spin
symmetry breaking) at some doping concentrations with proper dopant
configurations. The spin symmetry breaking would cause spin-polarized effects,
which induce magnetic response in graphene. This paper systematically analyzed
the dependence of magnetic moments and band gaps in graphene on doping
concentrations of nitrogen atoms, as well as dopant configurations.


title:
Integrable maps from Galois differential algebras, Borel transforms and
  number sequences

abstract:
  A new class of integrable maps, obtained as lattice versions of polynomial
dynamical systems is introduced. These systems are obtained by means of a
discretization procedure that preserves several analytic and algebraic
properties of a given differential equation, in particular symmetries and
integrability [40]. Our approach is based on the properties of a suitable
Galois differential algebra, that we shall call a Rota algebra. A formulation
of the procedure in terms of category theory is proposed. In order to render
the lattice dynamics confined, a Borel regularization is also adopted. As a
byproduct of the theory, a connection between number sequences and
integrability is discussed.


title:
Time-of-flight laser ranging and imaging at 1550 nm using low-jitter
  superconducting nanowire single-photon detection system

abstract:
  We developed a time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) system based on
the low-jitter superconducting nanowire single-photon detection (SNSPD)
technology. The causes of jitters in the TCSPC system were analyzed. Owing to
the low jitter of the SNSPD technology, a system jitter of 26.8 ps full-width
at half-maximum was achieved after optimizing the system. We demonstrated
time-of-flight laser ranging at 1550 nm wavelength at a stand-off distance of
115 m, based on this TCSPC system. A depth resolution of 4 mm was achieved
directly by locating the centroids of each of the two return signals. Laser
imaging was also performed using the TCSPC system. This low-jitter TCSPC system
using the SNSPD technology presents great potential in long-range measurements
and imaging applications for low-energy-level and eye-safe laser systems


title: On some type of Hardy's inequality involving generalized power means

abstract:
  We discuss properties of certain generalization of Power Means proposed in
1971 by Carlson, Meany and Nelson. For any fixed parameter (k,s,q) and vector
(v_1,...,v_n) they take the q-th power means of all possible k-tuples
(v_{i_1},...,v_{i_k}), and then calculate the s-th power mean of the resulting
vector of length C_n^k.
  We work towards a complete answer to the question when such means satisfy
inequalities resembling the classical Hardy inequality. We give a definitive
answer in a large part of the parameter space.
  An unexpected corollary is that this family behaves much differently than
most of other families admitting Hardy-type inequalities. Namely, arbitrarily
small perturbations of parameters may lead to the breakdown of such
inequalities.


title: Browder-Livesay filtrations and the example of Cappell and Shaneson

abstract:
  Let $M^3$ be a 3-dimensional manifold with fundamental group $\pi_1(M)$ which
contains a quaternion subgroup $Q$ of order 8. In 1979 Cappell and Shaneson
constructed a nontrivial normal map $ f\colon M^3\times T^2\to M^3\times S^2$
which cannot be detected by simply connected surgery obstructions along
submanifolds of codimension 0, 1, or 2, but it can be detected by the
codimension 3 Kervaire-Arf invariant.
  The proof of non-triviality of $\sigma(f)\in L_5(\pi_1(M))$ is based on
consideration of a Browder-Livesay filtration of a manifold $X$ with
$\pi_1(X)\cong \pi_1(M)$. For a Browder-Livesay pair $Y^{n-1}\subset X^n$, the
restriction of a normal map to the submanifold $Y$ is given by a partial
multivalued map $\Gamma\colon L_n(\pi_1(X))\to L_{n-1}(\pi_1(Y))$, and the
Browder-Livesay filtration provides an iteration $\Gamma^n$. This map is a
basic step in the definition of the iterated Browder-Livesay invariants which
give obstructions to realization of surgery obstructions by normal maps of
closed manifolds.
  In the present paper we prove that $\Gamma^3(\sigma(f))=0$ for any
Browder-Livesay filtration of a manifold $X^{4k+1}$ with $\pi_1(X)\cong Q$.
  We compute splitting obstruction groups for various inclusions $\rho\to Q$ of
index 2, describe natural maps in the braids of exact sequences, and make more
precise several results about surgery obstruction groups of the group $Q$.


title:
Primary decomposition of the ideal of polynomials whose fixed divisor is
  divisible by a prime power

abstract:
  We characterize the fixed divisor of a polynomial $f(X)$ in $\mathbb{Z}[X]$
by looking at the contraction of the powers of the maximal ideals of the
overring ${\rm Int}(\mathbb{Z})$ containing $f(X)$. Given a prime $p$ and a
positive integer $n$, we also obtain a complete description of the ideal of
polynomials in $\mathbb{Z}[X]$ whose fixed divisor is divisible by $p^n$ in
terms of its primary components.


title: Cross-site Scripting Attacks on Android WebView

abstract:
  WebView is an essential component in Android and iOS. It enables applications
to display content from on-line resources. It simplifies task of performing a
network request, parsing the data and rendering it. WebView uses a number of
APIs which can interact with the web contents inside WebView. In the current
paper, Cross-site scripting attacks or XSS attacks specific to Android WebView
are discussed. Cross site scripting (XSS) is a type of vulnerability commonly
found in web applications. This vulnerability makes it possible for attackers
to run malicious code into victim's WebView,through HttpClient APIs. Using this
malicious code, the attackers can steal the victim's credentials, such as
cookies. The access control policies (that is,the same origin policy) employed
by the browser to protect those credentials can be bypassed by exploiting the
XSS vulnerability.


title:
Macroscopic Diffusive Transport in a Microscopically Integrable
  Hamiltonian System

abstract:
  We demonstrate that a completely integrable classical mechanical model,
namely the lattice Landau-Lifshitz classical spin chain, supports diffusive
spin transport with a finite diffusion constant in the easy-axis regime, while
in the easy-plane regime it displays ballistic transport in the absence of any
known relevant local or quasi-local constant of motion in the symmetry sector
of the spin current. This surprising finding should open the way towards
analytical computation of diffusion constants for integrable interacting
systems and hints on existence of new quasi-local classical conservation laws
beyond the standard soliton theory.


title: Which multiplier algebras are $W^*$-algebras?

abstract:
  We consider the question of when the multiplier algebra $M(\mathcal{A})$ of a
$C^*$-algebra $\mathcal{A}$ is a $ W^*$-algebra, and show that it holds for a
stable $C^*$-algebra exactly when it is a $C^*$-algebra of compact operators.
This implies that if for every Hilbert $C^*$-module $E$ over a $C^*$-algebra
$\mathcal{A}$, the algebra $B(E)$ of adjointable operators on $E$ is a $
W^*$-algebra, then $\mathcal{A}$ is a $C^*$-algebra of compact operators.
  Also we show that a unital $C^*$-algebra $\mathcal{A}$ which is Morita
equivalent to a $ W^*$-algebra must be a $ W^*$-algebra.


title: Wold decomposition for doubly commuting isometries

abstract:
  In this paper, we obtain a complete description of the class of n-tuples (n
>= 2) of doubly commuting isometries. In particular, we present a several
variables analogue of the Wold decomposition for isometries on Hilbert spaces.
Our main result is a generalization of M. Slocinski's Wold-type decomposition
of a pair of doubly commuting isometries.


title: Eigenvalues of the Breit Equation

abstract:
  Eigenvalues of the Breit Equation {eqnarray*} [(\vec{\alpha}_{1} \vec{p} +
\beta_{1}m)_{\alpha \alpha^{\prime}} \delta_{\beta \beta^{\prime}} +
\delta_{\alpha \alpha^{\prime}} (-\vec{\alpha}_{2} \vec{p} + \beta_{2}M)_{\beta
\beta^{\prime}} - \frac{e^{2}}{r} \delta_{\alpha \alpha^{\prime}} \delta_{\beta
\beta^{\prime}}] \Psi_{\alpha^{\prime} \beta^{\prime}} = E \Psi_{\alpha \beta},
{eqnarray*} in which only the static Coulomb potential is considered, have been
found. Here the detailed discussion on the simple caces, $^{1}S_{0},\ m=M$ and
$m \neq M$ is given deriving the exact energy eigenvalues. The $\alpha^2$
expansion is used to find radial wave functions. The leading term is given by
classical Coulomb wave function. The technique used here can be applied to
other cases.


title: Counting Hypergraphs in Data Streams

abstract:
  We present the first streaming algorithm for counting an arbitrary hypergraph
$H$ of constant size in a massive hypergraph $G$. Our algorithm can handle both
edge-insertions and edge-deletions, and is applicable for the distributed
setting. Moreover, our approach provides the first family of graph polynomials
for the hypergraph counting problem. Because of the close relationship between
hypergraphs and set systems, our approach may have applications in studying
similar problems.


title:
On the Effect of Correlated Measurements on the Performance of
  Distributed Estimation

abstract:
  We address the distributed estimation of an unknown scalar parameter in
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Sensor nodes transmit their noisy observations
over multiple access channel to a Fusion Center (FC) that reconstructs the
source parameter. The received signal is corrupted by noise and channel fading,
so that the FC objective is to minimize the Mean-Square Error (MSE) of the
estimate. In this paper, we assume sensor node observations to be correlated
with the source signal and correlated with each other as well. The correlation
coefficient between two observations is exponentially decaying with the
distance separation. The effect of the distance-based correlation on the
estimation quality is demonstrated and compared with the case of unity
correlated observations. Moreover, a closed-form expression for the outage
probability is derived and its dependency on the correlation coefficients is
investigated. Numerical simulations are provided to verify our analytic
results.


title:
Clustering at high redshift: The connection between Lyman Alpha emitters
  and Lyman break galaxies

abstract:
  We present a physically motivated semi-analytic model to understand the
clustering of high redshift Lyman Alpha Emitters (LAEs). We show that the model
parameters constrained by the observed luminosity functions, can be used to
predict large scale bias and angular correlation function of LAEs. These
predictions are shown to reproduce the observations remarkably well. We find
that average masses of dark matter halos hosting LAEs brighter than threshold
narrow band magnitude ~ 25 are ~ 10^11 M_\odot. These are smaller than that of
typical Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) brighter than similar threshold continuum
magnitude by a factor ~ 10. This results in a smaller clustering strength of
LAEs compared to LBGs. However, using the observed relationship between UV
continuum and Lyman-alpha luminosity of LAEs, we show that both LAEs and LBGs
belong to the same parent galaxy population with narrow band techniques having
greater efficiency in picking up galaxies with low UV luminosity. We also show
that the lack of evidence for the presence of the one halo term in the observed
LAE angular correlation functions can be attributed to sub-Poisson distribution
of LAEs in dark matter halos as a result of their low halo occupations.


title: On dynamics of geometrically thin accretion disks

abstract:
  Axisymmetric accretion disks in vicinity of a central compact body are
studied. For the simple models such as vertically isothermal disks as well as
adiabatic ones the exact solutions to the steady-state MHD
(magneto-hydrodynamic) system were found under the assumption that the radial
components of velocity and magnetic field are negligible. On the basis of the
exact solution one may conclude that vertically isothermal disks will be
totally isothermal. The exact solution for the case of adiabatic disk
corroborates the view that thin disk accretion must be highly non-adiabatic. An
intermediate approach, that is between the above-listed two, for the modeling
of thin accretion disks is developed. In the case of non-magnetic disk, this
approach enables to prove, with ease, that all solutions for the mid-plane
circular velocity are unstable provided the disk is non-viscous. Hence, this
approach enables to demonstrate that the pure hydrodynamic turbulence in
accretion disks is possible. It is interesting that a turbulent magnetic disk
tends to be Keplerian. This can easily be shown by assuming that the turbulent
gas tends to flow with minimal losses, i.e. to have the Euler number as small
as possible.


title:
Towards loophole-free Bell inequality test with preselected
  unsymmetrical singlet states of light

abstract:
  Can a Bell test with no detection loophole be demonstrated for multi-photon
entangled states of light within the current technology? We examine the
possibility of a postselection-free CHSH-Bell inequality test wih an
unsymmetrical polarization singlet. To that end we employ a preselection
procedure which is performed prior to the test. It allows using imperfect
(coarse-grained) binary photodetection in the test. We show an example of
preselection scheme which improves violation of the CHSH inequality with the
micro-macro polarization singlet produced by the optimal quantum cloning. The
preselection is realized by a quantum filter which is believed to be not useful
for this purpose.


title:
A maximization problem in tropical mathematics: a complete solution and
  application examples

abstract:
  A multidimensional optimization problem is formulated in the tropical
mathematics setting as to maximize a nonlinear objective function, which is
defined through a multiplicative conjugate transposition operator on vectors in
a finite-dimensional semimodule over a general idempotent semifield. The study
is motivated by problems drawn from project scheduling, where the deviation
between initiation or completion times of activities in a project is to be
maximized subject to various precedence constraints among the activities. To
solve the unconstrained problem, we first establish an upper bound for the
objective function, and then solve a system of vector equations to find all
vectors that yield the bound. As a corollary, an extension of the solution to
handle constrained problems is discussed. The results obtained are applied to
give complete direct solutions to the motivating problems from project
scheduling. Numerical examples of the development of optimal schedules are also
presented.


title: The Lasting Effect of Initial Conditions on Single File Diffusion

abstract:
  We study the dynamics of a tagged particle in an environment of point
Brownian particles with hard-core interactions in an infinite one dimensional
channel (a single-file model). In particular we examine the influence of
initial conditions on the dynamic of the tagged particle. We compare two
initial conditions: equal distances between particles and uniform density
distribution. The effect is shown by the differences of
mean-square-displacement and correlation function for the two ensembles of
initial conditions. We discuss the violation of Einstein relation, and its
dependence on the initial condition, and the difference between time and
ensemble averaging. More specifically, using the Jepsen line, we will discuss
how transport coefficients, like diffusivity, depend on the initial state. Our
work shows that initial conditions determine the long time limit of the
dynamic, and in this sense the system never forgets its initial state in
complete contrast with thermal systems (i.e a closed system which attains
equilibrium independent of the initial state).


title: Limits of pluri-tangent planes to quartic surfaces

abstract:
  We describe, for various degenerations $S\to \Delta$ of quartic $K3$ surfaces
over the complex unit disk (e.g., to the union of four general planes, and to a
general Kummer surface), the limits as $t\in \Delta^*$ tends to 0 of the Severi
varieties $V_\delta(S_t)$, parametrizing irreducible $\delta$-nodal plane
sections of $S_t$. We give applications of this to (i) the counting of plane
nodal curves through base points in special position, (ii) the irreducibility
of Severi varieties of a general quartic surface, and (iii) the monodromy of
the universal family of rational curves on quartic $K3$ surfaces.


title: An analytical approach to the Rational Simplex Problem

abstract:
  In 1973, J. Cheeger and J. Simons raised the following question that still
remains open and is known as the Rational Simplex Problem: Given a geodesic
simplex in the spherical 3-space so that all of its interior dihedral angles
are rational multiples of $\pi$, is it true that its volume is a rational
multiple of the volume of the 3-sphere? We propose an analytical approach to
the Rational Simplex Problem by deriving a function $f(t)$, defined as an
integral of an elementary function, such that if there is a rational $t$, close
enough to zero, such that the value $f(t)$ is an irrational number then the
answer to the Rational Simplex Problem is negative.


title:
Deterministic Initialization of the K-Means Algorithm Using Hierarchical
  Clustering

abstract:
  K-means is undoubtedly the most widely used partitional clustering algorithm.
Unfortunately, due to its gradient descent nature, this algorithm is highly
sensitive to the initial placement of the cluster centers. Numerous
initialization methods have been proposed to address this problem. Many of
these methods, however, have superlinear complexity in the number of data
points, making them impractical for large data sets. On the other hand, linear
methods are often random and/or order-sensitive, which renders their results
unrepeatable. Recently, Su and Dy proposed two highly successful hierarchical
initialization methods named Var-Part and PCA-Part that are not only linear,
but also deterministic (non-random) and order-invariant. In this paper, we
propose a discriminant analysis based approach that addresses a common
deficiency of these two methods. Experiments on a large and diverse collection
of data sets from the UCI Machine Learning Repository demonstrate that Var-Part
and PCA-Part are highly competitive with one of the best random initialization
methods to date, i.e., k-means++, and that the proposed approach significantly
improves the performance of both hierarchical methods.


title: Hochschild cohomology with support

abstract:
  In this paper we investigate the functoriality properties of map-graded
Hochschild complexes. We show that the category MAP of map-graded categories is
naturally a stack over the category of small categories endowed with a certain
Grothendieck topology of 3-covers. For a related topology of infinity-covers on
the cartesian morphisms in MAP, we prove that taking map-graded Hochschild
complexes defines a sheaf. From the functoriality related to "injections"
between map-graded categories, we obtain Hochschild complexes "with support".
We revisit Keller's arrow category argument from this perspective, and
introduce and investigate a general Grothendieck construction which encompasses
both the map-graded categories associated to presheaves of algebras and certain
generalized arrow categories, which together constitute a pair of complementary
tools for deconstructing Hochschild complexes.


title: Heavy quark spin selection rules in meson-antimeson states

abstract:
  In the heavy quark limit, we discuss the spin of the charm-anticharm pair
$J_{c\bar{c}}$ in an S-wave meson-antimeson molecule or resonance. One finds
two cases that $J_{c\bar{c}}$ cannot be 0: (a) $J=|j_2-j_4|-1$ or $J=j_2+j_4+1$
where $J$ is the total spin of the system and $j_2$ ($j_4$) is the total
angular momentum of the light degree of freedom in a charmed meson (antimeson);
(b) $J^C=1^+,2^-,3^+,...$, if the two different mesons belong to the same
doublet. The decays to spin-singlet charmonium states are suppressed when one
of the two conditions is satisfied. We discuss constrained decay properties for
selected systems.


title: Selection and Influence in Cultural Dynamics

abstract:
  One of the fundamental principles driving diversity or homogeneity in domains
such as cultural differentiation, political affiliation, and product adoption
is the tension between two forces: influence (the tendency of people to become
similar to others they interact with) and selection (the tendency to be
affected most by the behavior of others who are already similar). Influence
tends to promote homogeneity within a society, while selection frequently
causes fragmentation. When both forces act simultaneously, it becomes an
interesting question to analyze which societal outcomes should be expected.
  To study this issue more formally, we analyze a natural stylized model built
upon active lines of work in political opinion formation, cultural diversity,
and language evolution. We assume that the population is partitioned into
"types" according to some traits (such as language spoken or political
affiliation). While all types of people interact with one another, only people
with sufficiently similar types can possibly influence one another. The
"similarity" is captured by a graph on types in which individuals of the same
or adjacent types can influence one another. We achieve an essentially complete
characterization of (stable) equilibrium outcomes and prove convergence from
all starting states. We also consider generalizations of this model.


title: Asking photons where have they been

abstract:
  Quantum mechanics does not provide a clear answer to the question: What was
the past of a photon which went through an interferometer? Various welcher weg
measurements, delayed-choice which-path experiments and weak-measurements of
photons in interferometers presented the past of a photon as a trajectory or a
set of trajectories. We have carried out experimental weak measurements of the
paths of photons going through a nested Mach-Zehnder interferometer which show
a different picture: the past of a photon is not a set of continuous
trajectories. The photons tell us that they have been in the parts of the
interferometer which they could not have possibly reached! Our results lead to
rejection of a "common sense" approach to the past of a quantum particle. On
the other hand, they have a simple explanation within the framework of the
two-state vector formalism of quantum theory.


title:
Phase-space analysis of the cosmological 3-fluid problem: Families of
  attractors and repellers

abstract:
  We perform a phase-space analysis of the cosmological 3-fluid problem
consisting of a barotropic fluid with an equation-of-state parameter
$\gamma-1$, a pressureless dark matter fluid, plus a scalar field $\phi$
(representing dark energy) coupled to exponential potential
$V=V_0\exp{(-\kappa\lambda\phi)}$. Besides the potential-kinetic-scaling
solutions, which are not the unique late-time attractors whenever they exist
for $\lambda^2\geq 3\ga$, we derive new attractors where both dark energy and
dark matter coexist and the final density is shared in a way independent of the
value of $\gamma >1$. The case of a pressureless barotropic fluid ($\gamma =1$)
has a one-parameter family of attractors where all components coexist. New
one-parameter families of matter-dark matter saddle points and kinetic-matter
repellers exist. We investigate the stability of the ten critical points by
linearization and/or Lyapunov's Theorems and a variant of the theorems
formulated in this paper. A solution with two transient periods of acceleration
and two transient periods of deceleration is derived.


title: Forbidding a Set Difference of Size 1

abstract:
  How large can a family \cal A \subset \cal P [n] be if it does not contain
A,B with |A\setminus B| = 1? Our aim in this paper is to show that any such
family has size at most \frac{2+o(1)}{n} \binom {n}{\lfloor n/2\rfloor }. This
is tight up to a multiplicative constant of $2$. We also obtain similar results
for families \cal A \subset \cal P[n] with |A\setminus B| \neq k, showing that
they satisfy |{\mathcal A}| \leq \frac{C_k}{n^k}\binom {n}{\lfloor n/2\rfloor
}, where C_k is a constant depending only on k.


title: On automorphisms and endomorphisms of projective varieties

abstract:
  We first show that any connected algebraic group over a perfect field is the
neutral component of the automorphism group scheme of some normal projective
variety. Then we show that very few connected algebraic semigroups can be
realized as endomorphisms of some projective variety X, by describing the
structure of all connected subsemigroup schemes of End(X).


title: Factorisation of two-variable p-adic L-functions

abstract:
  Let $f$ be a modular form which is non-ordinary at $p$. Kim and Loeffler have
recently constructed two-variable $p$-adic $L$-functions associated to $f$. In
the case where $a_p=0$, they showed that, as in the one-variable case,
Pollack's plus and minus splitting applies to these new objects. In this short
note, we show that such a splitting can be generalised to the case where
$a_p\ne0$ using Sprung's logarithmic matrix.


title: The past of a quantum particle

abstract:
  Although there is no consensus regarding the "reality" of the past of a
quantum particle, in situations where there is only one trajectory with
nonvanishing quantum wave of the particle between its emission and detection
points, it seems "safe" to associate the past of the particle with this
trajectory. A method for analyzing the past of a quantum particle according to
the weak trace it leaves is proposed. Such a trace can be observed via
measurements performed on an ensemble of identically pre- and post-selected
particles. Examples, in which this method contradicts the above common sense
description of the past of the particle are presented. It is argued that it is
possible to describe the past of a quantum particle, but the naive approach has
to be replaced by both forward and backward evolving quantum states.


title: The Casimir Torque on a Cylindrical Gear

abstract:
  We utilize Effective Field Theory(EFT) techniques to calculate the casimir
torque on a cylindrical gear in the presence of a polarizable but neutral
object. We present results for the energy and torque as a function of angle for
a gear with multiple cogs, as well as for the case of a concentric cylindrical
gear.


title: Composite Millicharged Dark Matter

abstract:
  We study a composite millicharged dark matter model. The dark matter is in
the form of pion-like objects emerging from a higher scale QCD-like theory. We
present two distinct possibilities with interesting phenomenological
consequences based on the choice of the parameters. In the first one, the dark
matter is produced non-thermally and it could potentially account for the 130
GeV Fermi photon line via decays of the "dark pions". We estimate the
self-interaction cross section which might play an important role both in
changing the dark matter halo profile at the center of the galaxy and in making
the dark matter warmer. In the second version the dark matter is produced via
the freeze-in mechanism. Finally we impose all possible astrophysical,
cosmological and experimental constraints. We study in detail generic
constraints on millicharged dark matter that can arise from anomalous isotope
searches of different elements and we show why constraints based on direct
searches from underground detectors are not generally valid.


title: Large deviations for occupation time profiles of random interlacements

abstract:
  We derive a large deviation principle for the density profile of occupation
times of random interlacements at a fixed level in a large box of Z^d, with d
bigger or equal to 3. As an application, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of
the probability that atypically high values of the density profile insulate a
macroscopic body in a large box. As a step in this program, we obtain a similar
large deviation principle for the occupation-time measure of Brownian
interlacements at a fixed level in a large box of R^d, and we derive a new
identity for the Laplace transform of the occupation-time measure, which is
based on the analysis of certain Schr\"odinger semi-groups.