title: Web Synchronization Simulations using the ResourceSync Framework

abstract:
  Maintenance of multiple, distributed up-to-date copies of collections of
changing Web resources is important in many application contexts and is often
achieved using ad hoc or proprietary synchronization solutions. ResourceSync is
a resource synchronization framework that integrates with the Web architecture
and leverages XML sitemaps. We define a model for the ResourceSync framework as
a basis for understanding its properties. We then describe experiments in which
simulations of a variety of synchronization scenarios illustrate the effects of
model configuration on consistency, latency, and data transfer efficiency.
These results provide insight into which congurations are appropriate for
various application scenarios.


title:
Effective model for electronic properties of the quasi one-dimensional
  purple bronze Li0.9Mo6O17 based on ab-initio calculations

abstract:
  We investigate the electronic structure of the strongly anisotropic, quasi
low dimensional purple bronze Li0.9Mo6O17. Building on all-electron ab-initio
band structure calculations we obtain an effective model in terms of four
maximally localized Wannier orbitals, which turn out to be far from atomic
like. We find two half-filled orbitals arranged in chains running along one
crystallographic direction, and two full orbitals in perpendicular directions,
respectively. The possibility to reduce this model to only two orbitals forming
two chains per unit cell with inter-chain coupling is discussed. Transport
properties of these models show high anisotropy, reproducing trends of the
experimentally determined values for the dc conductivity. We also consider
basic effects of electron-electron interactions using the (extended)
Variational Cluster Approach and Dynamical Mean Field Theory. We find good
agreement with experimental photo emission data upon adding moderate on-site
interaction of the order of the band width to the ab-initio derived
tight-binding Hamiltonian. The obtained models provide a profound basis for
further investigations on low-energy Luttinger liquid properties or to study
electronic correlations within computational many-body theory.


title: PF191012 Myszyniec - highest Orionid meteor ever recorded

abstract:
  On the night of Oct 18/19, 2012 at 00:23 UT a -14.7 mag Orionid fireball
occurred over northeastern Poland. The precise orbit and atmospheric trajectory
of the event is presented, based on the data collected by five video and one
photographic Polish Fireball Network (PFN) stations. The beginning height of
the meteor is 168.4 +\- 0.6 km which makes the PF191012 Myszyniec fireball the
highest ever observed, well documented meteor not belonging to the Leonid
shower. The ablation became the dominant source of light of the meteor at a
height of around 115 km. The thermalization of sputtered particles is suggested
to be the source of radiation above that value. The transition height of 115 km
is 10-15 km below the transition heights derived for Leonids and it might
suggest that the material of Leonids should be more fragile and have probably
smaller bulk density than in case of Orionids.


title: CSMA using the Bethe Approximation: Scheduling and Utility Maximization

abstract:
  CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access), which resolves contentions over
wireless networks in a fully distributed fashion, has recently gained a lot of
attentions since it has been proved that appropriate control of CSMA parameters
guarantees optimality in terms of stability (i.e., scheduling) and system- wide
utility (i.e., scheduling and congestion control). Most CSMA-based algorithms
rely on the popular MCMC (Markov Chain Monte Carlo) technique, which enables
one to find optimal CSMA parameters through iterative loops of
`simulation-and-update'. However, such a simulation-based approach often
becomes a major cause of exponentially slow convergence, being poorly adaptive
to flow/topology changes. In this paper, we develop distributed iterative
algorithms which produce approximate solutions with convergence in polynomial
time for both stability and utility maximization problems. In particular, for
the stability problem, the proposed distributed algorithm requires, somewhat
surprisingly, only one iteration among links. Our approach is motivated by the
Bethe approximation (introduced by Yedidia, Freeman and Weiss in 2005) allowing
us to express approximate solutions via a certain non-linear system with
polynomial size. Our polynomial convergence guarantee comes from directly
solving the non-linear system in a distributed manner, rather than multiple
simulation-and-update loops in existing algorithms. We provide numerical
results to show that the algorithm produces highly accurate solutions and
converges much faster than the prior ones.


title: Plasmonics in heavily-doped semiconductor nanocrystals

abstract:
  Heavily-doped semiconductor nanocrystals characterized by a tunable plasmonic
band have been gaining increasing attention recently. Herein, we introduce this
type of materials focusing on their structural and photo physical properties.
Beside their continuous-wave plasmonic response, depicted both theoretically
and experimentally, we also review recent results on their transient, ultrafast
response. This was successfully interpreted by adapting models of the ultrafast
response of gold nanoparticles.


title:
Generalized Langevin equation description of the stochastic oscillations
  of general relativistic disks

abstract:
  We consider a description of the stochastic oscillations of the general
relativistic accretion disks around compact astrophysical objects based on the
generalized Langevin equation, which accounts for the general retarded effects
of the frictional force, and on the fluctuation-dissipation theorems. The
vertical displacements, velocities and luminosities of the stochastically
perturbed disks are explicitly obtained for both the Schwarzschild and the Kerr
cases. The Power Spectral Distribution of the luminosity it is also obtained,
and it is shown that it has non-standard values. The theoretical predictions of
the model are compared with the observational data for the luminosity time
variation of the BL Lac S5 0716+714 object.


title: Transmission needs across a fully renewable European power system

abstract:
  The residual load and excess power generation of 27 European countries with a
100% penetration of variable renewable energy sources are explored in order to
quantify the benefit of power transmission between countries. Estimates are
based on extensive weather data, which allows for modelling of hourly
mismatches between the demand and renewable generation from wind and solar
photovoltaics. For separated countries, balancing is required to cover around
24% of the total annual energy consumption. This number can be reduced down to
15% once all countries are networked together with uncon- strained
interconnectors. The reduction represents the maximum possible benefit of
transmission for the countries. The total Net Transfer Capacity of the
unconstrained interconnectors is roughly twelve times larger than current
values. However, constrained interconnector capacities six times larger than
the current values are found to provide 97% of the maximum possible benefit of
cooperation. This motivates a detailed investigation of several constrained
transmission capacity layouts to determine the export and import capabilities
of countries participating in a fully renewable European electricity system.


title:
Threshold Strategies in Optimal Stopping Problem for Diffusion Processes
  and Free-Boundary Problem

abstract:
  We study a problem when a solution to optimal stopping problem for
one-dimensional diffusion will generate by threshold strategy. Namely, we give
necessary and sufficient conditions under which an optimal stopping time can be
specified as the first time when the process exceeds some level (threshold),
and a continuation set is a semi-interval. We give also second-order
conditions, which allow to discard such solutions to free-boundary problem that
are not the solutions to optimal stopping problem.


title:
Statistical mechanics of the 3D axi-symmetric Euler equations in a
  Taylor-Couette geometry

abstract:
  In the present paper, microcanonical measures for the dynamics of three
dimensional (3D) axially symmetric turbulent flows with swirl in a
Taylor-Couette geometry are defined, using an analogy with a long-range lattice
model. We compute the relevant physical quantities and argue that two kinds of
equilibrium regimes exist, depending on the value of the total kinetic energy.
For low energies, the equilibrium flow consists of a purely swirling flow whose
toroidal profile depends on the radial coordinate only. For high energies, the
typical toroidal field is uniform, while the typical poloidal field is
organized into either a single vertical jet or a large scale dipole, and
exhibits infinite fluctuations. This unusual phase diagram comes from the
poloidal fluctuations not being bounded for the axi-symmetric Euler dynamics,
even though the latter conserve infinitely many ''Casimir invariants''. This
shows that 3D axially symmetric flows can be considered as intermediate between
2D and 3D flows.


title:
Production and manipulation of wave packets from ultracold atoms in an
  optical lattice

abstract:
  Within the combined potential of an optical lattice and a harmonic magnetic
trap, it is possible to form matter wave packets by intensity modulation of the
lattice. An analysis of the production and motion of these wave packets
provides a detailed understanding of the dynamical evolution of the system. The
modulation technique also allows for a controllable transfer (de-excitation) of
atoms from such wave packets to a state bound by the lattice. Thus, it acts as
a beam splitter for matter waves that can selectively address different bands,
enabling the preparation of atoms in selected localized states. The combination
of wave packet creation and de-excitation closely resembles the well-known
method of pump-probe spectroscopy. Here, we use the de-excitation for precision
spectroscopy of the anharmonicity of the magnetic trap. Finally, we demonstrate
that lattice modulation can be used to excite matter wave packets to even
higher momenta, producing fast wave packets with potential applications in
precision measurements.


title:
Discriminative Parameter Estimation for Random Walks Segmentation:
  Technical Report

abstract:
  The Random Walks (RW) algorithm is one of the most e - cient and easy-to-use
probabilistic segmentation methods. By combining contrast terms with prior
terms, it provides accurate segmentations of medical images in a fully
automated manner. However, one of the main drawbacks of using the RW algorithm
is that its parameters have to be hand-tuned. we propose a novel discriminative
learning framework that estimates the parameters using a training dataset. The
main challenge we face is that the training samples are not fully supervised.
Speci cally, they provide a hard segmentation of the images, instead of a
proba-bilistic segmentation. We overcome this challenge by treating the optimal
probabilistic segmentation that is compatible with the given hard segmentation
as a latent variable. This allows us to employ the latent support vector
machine formulation for parameter estimation. We show that our approach signi
cantly outperforms the baseline methods on a challenging dataset consisting of
real clinical 3D MRI volumes of skeletal muscles.


title:
Global simulations of magnetorotational turbulence I: convergence and
  the quasi-steady state

abstract:
  Magnetorotational turbulence provides a viable mechanism for angular momentum
transport in accretion disks. We present global, three dimensional (3D), MHD
accretion disk simulations that investigate the dependence of the turbulent
stresses on resolution. Convergence in the time-and-volume-averaged
stress-to-gas-pressure ratio, at a value of $\sim0.04$, is found for a model
with radial, vertical, and azimuthal resolution of 12-51, 27, and 12.5 cells
per scale-height (the simulation mesh is such that cells per scale-height
varies in the radial direction). A control volume analysis is performed on the
main body of the disk (|z|<2H) to examine the production and removal of
magnetic energy. Maxwell stresses in combination with the mean disk rotation
are mainly responsible for magnetic energy production, whereas turbulent
dissipation (facilitated by numerical resistivity) predominantly removes
magnetic energy from the disk. Re-casting the magnetic energy equation in terms
of the power injected by Maxwell stresses on the boundaries of, and by Lorentz
forces within, the control volume highlights the importance of the boundary
conditions (of the control volume). The different convergence properties of
shearing-box and global accretion disk simulations can be readily understood on
the basis of choice of boundary conditions and the magnetic field
configuration. Periodic boundary conditions restrict the establishment of
large-scale gradients in the magnetic field, limiting the power that can be
delivered to the disk by Lorentz forces and by stresses at the surfaces. The
factor of three lower resolution required for convergence in turbulent stresses
for our global disk models compared to stratified shearing-boxes is explained
by this finding. (Abridged)


title: A new construction of 6-manifolds

abstract:
  This paper provides a topological method to construct all simply-connected,
spin, smooth $6$-manifolds with torsion-free homology using simply-connected,
smooth $4$-manifolds as building blocks. We explicitly determine the invariants
that classify these $6$-manifolds from the intersection form and specific
homology classes of the $4$-manifold building blocks.


title: Strong lensing constraints on bimetric massive gravity

abstract:
  We derive dynamical and gravitational lensing properties of local sources in
the Hassan-Rosen bimetric gravity theory. Observations of elliptical galaxies
rule out values of the effective length-scale of the theory, in units of the
Hubble radius, in the interval 10^-6 < lambda_g/r_H < 10^-3, unless the
proportionality constant between the metrics at the background level is far
from unity, in which case general relativity is effectively restored for local
sources. In order to have background solutions resembling the concordance
cosmological model, without fine-tuning of the parameters of the model, we are
restricted to the upper interval, or lambda_g/r_H ~ 1. Except for a limited
range of parameter values, the Hassan-Rosen theory is thus consistent with the
observed lensing and dynamical properties of elliptical galaxies.


title: Spectroscopy of 13 high mass stars in the Cyg OB2 association

abstract:
  Aiming to explore weak spectral features of stellar and interstellar origin
we used the NES echelle spectrograph of the 6-m telescope to obtain
high-resolution spectra for 13 hot O3 - B4 stars in the Cyg OB2 association,
including a high luminous star No. 12. Velocity fields in the atmospheres and
interstellar medium, characteristics of optical spectra and line profiles are
investigated. The cascade star formation scheme for the association is
confirmed. Evidence is presented suggesting that the hypergiant Cyg OB2 No.12
is an LBV object and that its anomalous reddening has a circumstellar nature.


title:
New experimental setup for in situ measurement of slow ion induced
  sputtering

abstract:
  A new experimental equipment allowing to study the sputtering induced by ion
beam irradiation is presented. The sputtered particles are collected on a
catcher which is analyzed in situ by Auger electron spectroscopy without
breaking the ultra high vacuum (less than 10-9mbar), avoiding thus any problem
linked to possible contamination. This method allows to measure the angular
distribution of sputtering yield. Thanks to this new setup it is now possible
to study the sputtering of many elements especially light elements such as
carbon based materials. Preliminary results are presented in the case of highly
oriented pyrolytic graphite and tungsten irradiated by an Ar+ beam at
respectively 2.8 keV and 7 keV.


title: The Fluid-Kinetic Particle-in-Cell Solver for Plasma Simulations

abstract:
  A new method that solves concurrently the multi-fluid and Maxwell's equations
has been developed for plasma simulations. By calculating the stress tensor in
the multi-fluid momentum equation by means of computational particles moving in
a self-consistent electromagnetic field, the kinetic effects are retained while
solving the multi-fluid equations. The Maxwell's and multi-fluid equations are
discretized implicitly in time enabling kinetic simulations over time scales
typical of the fluid simulations. The fluid-kinetic Particle-in-Cell solver has
been implemented in a three-dimensional electromagnetic code, and tested
against the ion cyclotron resonance and magnetic reconnection problems. The new
method is a promising approach for coupling fluid and kinetic methods in a
unified framework.


title:
On the Virialization of Disk Winds: Implications for the Black Hole Mass
  Estimates in AGN

abstract:
  Estimating the mass of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) in an active galactic
nucleus (AGN) usually relies on the assumption that the broad line region (BLR)
is virialized. However, this assumption seems invalid in BLR models that
consists of an accretion disk and its wind. The disk is likely Keplerian and
therefore virialized. However, the wind material must, beyond a certain point,
be dominated by an outward force that is stronger than gravity. Here, we
analyze hydrodynamic simulations of four different disk winds: an isothermal
wind, a thermal wind from an X-ray heated disk, and two line-driven winds, one
with and the other without X-ray heating and cooling. For each model, we check
whether gravity governs the flow properties, by computing and analyzing the
volume-integrated quantities that appear in the virial theorem: internal,
kinetic, and gravitational energies, We find that in the first two models, the
winds are non-virialized whereas the two line-driven disk winds are virialized
up to a relatively large distance. The line-driven winds are virialized because
they accelerate slowly so that the rotational velocity is dominant and the wind
base is very dense. For the two virialized winds, the so-called projected
virial factor scales with inclination angle as $1/ \sin^2{i}$. Finally, we
demonstrate that an outflow from a Keplerian disk becomes unvirialized more
slowly when it conserves the gas specific angular momentum -- as in the models
considered here, than when it conserves the angular velocity -- as in the
so-called magneto-centrifugal winds.


title: Deep Generative Stochastic Networks Trainable by Backprop

abstract:
  We introduce a novel training principle for probabilistic models that is an
alternative to maximum likelihood. The proposed Generative Stochastic Networks
(GSN) framework is based on learning the transition operator of a Markov chain
whose stationary distribution estimates the data distribution. The transition
distribution of the Markov chain is conditional on the previous state,
generally involving a small move, so this conditional distribution has fewer
dominant modes, being unimodal in the limit of small moves. Thus, it is easier
to learn because it is easier to approximate its partition function, more like
learning to perform supervised function approximation, with gradients that can
be obtained by backprop. We provide theorems that generalize recent work on the
probabilistic interpretation of denoising autoencoders and obtain along the way
an interesting justification for dependency networks and generalized
pseudolikelihood, along with a definition of an appropriate joint distribution
and sampling mechanism even when the conditionals are not consistent. GSNs can
be used with missing inputs and can be used to sample subsets of variables
given the rest. We validate these theoretical results with experiments on two
image datasets using an architecture that mimics the Deep Boltzmann Machine
Gibbs sampler but allows training to proceed with simple backprop, without the
need for layerwise pretraining.


title: Twisted Self-Duality for Linearized Gravity in D dimensions

abstract:
  The linearized Einstein equations in D spacetime dimensions can be written as
twisted self-duality equations expressing that the linearized curvature tensor
of the graviton described by a rank-two symmetric tensor, is dual to the
linearized curvature tensor of the "dual graviton" described by a tensor of
(D-3,1) Young symmetry type. In the case of 4 dimensions, both the graviton and
its dual are rank-two symmetric tensors (Young symmetry type (1,1)), while in
the case of 11 space-time dimensions relevant to M-theory, the dual graviton is
described by a tensor of (8,1) Young symmetry type. We provide in this paper an
action principle that yields the twisted self-duality conditions as equations
of motion, keeping the graviton and its dual on equal footing. In order to
construct a local, quadratic, variational principle for the twisted linear
self-duality equations, it is necessary to introduce two "prepotentials". These
are also tensors of mixed Young symmetry types and are obtained by solving the
Hamiltonian constraints of the Hamiltonian formulation either of the
Pauli-Fierz action for the graviton or of the Curtright action for its dual,
the resulting actions being identical. The prepotentials enjoy interesting
gauge invariance symmetries, which are exhibited and generalize the gauge
symmetries found in D=4. A variational principle where the basic variables are
the original Pauli-Fierz field and its dual can also be given but contrary to
the prepotential action, the corresponding action is non-local in space --
while remaining local in time. We also analyze in detail the Hamiltonian
structure of the theory and show that the graviton and its dual are canonically
conjugate in a sense made precise in the text.


title:
Novel Monte Carlo representation for shell model in the complex energy
  plane

abstract:
  A Monte Carlo method is presented to evaluate quantum states with many
particles moving in the continuum. The scattering state is generated at each
time by a Monte Carlo random sampling algorithm. The same calculation are
repeated until the average energies of all calculations converge. For systems
with one and a few particles, our calculations show that the exact solution can
be approached with around only one hundred iterations. As examples, we apply
the approach to study the structure of neutron-rich oxygen isotopes.


title: Structural theorems for ultradistribution semigroups

abstract:
  We consider exponential ultradistribution semigroups with non--densely
defined generators and give structural theorems for ultradistribution
semigroups. Also structural theorems for exponential ultradistribution
semigroups are given.


title:
Determination of the strong coupling from hadronic tau decays using
  renormalization group summed perturbation theory

abstract:
  We determine the strong coupling constant \alpha_s from the \tau hadroni
width using a renormalization group summed (RGS) expansion of the QCD Adler
function. The main theoretical uncertainty in the extraction of \alpha_s is due
to the manner in which renormalization group invariance is implemented, and the
as yet uncalculated higher order terms in the QCD perturbative series. We show
that new expansion exhibits good renormalization group improvement and the
behaviour of the series is similar to that of the standard CIPT expansion. The
value of the strong coupling in {\bar{\rm MS}} scheme obtained with the RGS
expansion is \alpha_s(M_\tau^2)= 0.338 \pm 0.010. The convergence properties of
the new expansion can be improved by Borel transformation and analytic
continuation in the Borel plane. This is discussed elsewhere in these
proceedings.


title: Symplectic geography problem in dimension six

abstract:
  In this note, the geography problem in dimension four is reviewed and then
its extension to dimension six for the symplectic case is explained. Finally
some examples in dimension six are provided.


title: Algebraic signal sampling, Gibbs phenomenon and Prony-type systems

abstract:
  Systems of Prony type appear in various signal reconstruction problems such
as finite rate of innovation, superresolution and Fourier inversion of
piecewise smooth functions. We propose a novel approach for solving Prony-type
systems, which requires sampling the signal at arithmetic progressions. By
keeping the number of equations small and fixed, we demonstrate that such
"decimation" can lead to practical improvements in the reconstruction accuracy.
As an application, we provide a solution to the so-called Eckhoff's conjecture,
which asked for reconstructing jump positions and magnitudes of a
piecewise-smooth function from its Fourier coefficients with maximal possible
asymptotic accuracy -- thus eliminating the Gibbs phenomenon.


title: Hyperfunction semigroups

abstract:
  We analyze Fourier hyperfunction and hyperfunction semigroups with
non-densely defined generators and their connections with local convoluted
$C$-semigroups. Structural theorems and spectral characterizations give
necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such semigroups
generated by a closed not necessarily densely defined operator $A$.


title:
Confronting Recent Results from Selected Direct and Indirect Dark Matter
  Searches and the Higgs Boson with Supersymmetric Models with Non-universal
  Gaugino Masses

abstract:
  In this paper we study a class of supersymmetric models with non-universal
gaugino masses that arise from a mixture of SU(5) singlet and non-singlet
representations, i.e. a combination of \textbf{1}, \textbf{24}, \textbf{75} and
\textbf{200}. Based on these models we calculate the expected dark matter
signatures within the linear combination \textbf{1} $\oplus$ \textbf{24}
$\oplus$ \textbf{75} $\oplus$ \textbf{200}. We confront the model predictions
with the detected boson as well as current experimental limits from selected
indirect and direct dark matter search experiments ANTARES respective IceCube
and XENON. We comment on the detection/exclusion capability of the future XENON
1t project. For the investigated parameter span we could not find a SU(5)
singlet model that fulfils the Higgs mass and the relic density constraint. In
contrary, allowing a mixture of \textbf{1} $\oplus$ \textbf{24} $\oplus$
\textbf{75} $\oplus$ \textbf{200} enables a number of models fulfilling these
constraints.


title: $\alpha$-Gauss Curvature flows

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the deformation of the n-dimensional strictly convex
hypersurface in $\mathbb R^{n+1}$ whose speed at a point on the hypersurface is
proportional to $\alpha$-power of positive part of Gauss Curvature. For
$\frac{1}{n}<\alpha \leq 1$, we prove that there exist the strictly convex
smooth solutions if the initial surface is strictly convex and smooth and the
solution hypersurfaces converge to a point. We also show the asymptotic
behavior of the rescaled hypersurfaces, in other words, the rescaled manifold
converges to a strictly convex smooth manifold. Moreover, there exists a
subsequence whose the limit satisfies a certain equation.


title: Practical Secrecy using Artificial Noise

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider the use of artificial noise for secure
communications. We propose the notion of practical secrecy as a new design
criterion based on the behavior of the eavesdropper's error probability $P_E$,
as the signal-to-noise ratio goes to infinity. We then show that the practical
secrecy can be guaranteed by the randomly distributed artificial noise with
specified power. We show that it is possible to achieve practical secrecy even
when the eavesdropper can afford more antennas than the transmitter.


title: Detectability of communities in heterogeneous networks

abstract:
  Communities are fundamental entities for the characterization of the
structure of real networks. The standard approach to the identification of
communities in networks is based on the optimization of a quality function
known as "modularity". Although modularity has been at the center of an intense
research activity and many methods for its maximization have been proposed, not
much it is yet known about the necessary conditions that communities need to
satisfy in order to be detectable with modularity maximization methods. Here,
we develop a simple theory to establish these conditions, and we successfully
apply it to various classes of network models. Our main result is that
heterogeneity in the degree distribution helps modularity to correctly recover
the community structure of a network and that, in the realistic case of
scale-free networks with degree exponent $\gamma < 2.5$, modularity is always
able to detect the presence of communities.


title:
Differential interferometric phases at high spectral resolution as a
  sensitive physical diagnostic of circumstellar disks

abstract:
  Context. The circumstellar disks ejected by many rapidly rotating B stars
(so-called Be stars) offer the rare opportunity of studying the structure and
dynamics of gaseous disks at high spectral as well as angular resolution. Aims.
This paper explores a newly identified effect in spectro-interferometric phase
that can be used for probing the inner regions of gaseous edge-on disks on a
scale of a few stellar radii. Methods. The origin of this effect (dubbed
central quasi-emission phase signature, CQE-PS) lies in the velocity-dependent
line absorption of photospheric radiation by the circumstellar disk. At high
spectral and marginal interferometric resolution, photocenter displacements
between star and isovelocity regions in the Keplerian disk reveal themselves
through small interferometric phase shifts. To investigate the diagnostic
potential of this effect, a series of models are presented, based on detailed
radiative transfer calculations in a viscous decretion disk. Results. Amplitude
and detailed shape of the CQE-PS depend sensitively on disk density and size
and on the radial distribution of the material with characteristic shapes in
differential phase diagrams. In addition, useful lower limits to the angular
size of the central stars can be derived even when the system is almost
unresolved. Conclusions. The full power of this diagnostic tool can be expected
if it can be applied to observations over a full life-cycle of a disk from
first ejection through final dispersal, over a full cycle of disk oscillations,
or over a full orbital period in a binary system.


title: Resummation of infrared divergencies in the theory of atomic Bose gases

abstract:
  We present a general strong-coupling approach for the description of an
atomic Bose gas beyond the Bogoliubov approximation, when infrared divergences
start to occur that need to be resummed exactly. We consider the determination
of several important physical properties of the Bose gas, namely the chemical
potential, the contact, the speed of sound, the condensate density, the
effective interatomic interaction and the three-body recombination rate. It is
shown how the approach can be systematically improved with
renormalization-group methods and how it reduces to the Bogoliubov theory in
the weak-coupling limit.


title: The Structure of The Heliopause

abstract:
  Voyager 1 has explored the solar wind-interstellar medium interaction region
between the Terminal Shock and the Heliopause, following the intensity
distribution of the shock accelerated anomalous component of cosmic rays in the
MeV energy range. The sudden disappearance of this component at 121.7 AU from
the sun is discussed in terms of three models for the transition into the
interstellar plasma flow. Particles trapped flowing parallel to the boundary
may penetrate up to one Larmour radius beyond. If the boundary is stationary,
Voyager 1 directly samples this distance. The boundary could flap, depending on
Heliosheath pressure changes and Voyager 1 then samples the extent of this
motion. Finally, a turbulent boundary layer is considered in which the MeV
particle distribution falls off with distance, thus measuring diffusion within
the layer.


title:
CXOU J005047.9-731817: a 292-s X-ray binary pulsar in the Small
  Magellanic Cloud

abstract:
  We report on the discovery of a transient X-ray pulsars, located in the Small
Magellanic Cloud, with a pulse period of 292 s. A series of Chandra pointings
fortuitously recorded in 2010 April-May the occurrence of a two-weeks-long
outburst, during which the source luminosity increased by a factor of about
100, reaching a peak of ~1E36 erg/s (for a distance of 61 kpc). Complex-shape
and energy-dependent pulsations were detected close to the outburst peak and
during the very first part of its decay phase. During the outburst, the
phase-averaged spectrum of the pulsar was well described by an absorbed power
law with photon index ~0.6, but large variations as a function of phase were
present. The source was also detected by Chandra several times (during 2002,
2003, 2006, and 2010) at a quiescent level of ~1E34 erg/s. In 2012 we performed
an infrared photometric follow-up of the R ~ 15 mag optical counterpart with
the ESO/VLT and a spectroscopic observation by means of the CTIO telescope. The
optical spectra suggest a late-Oe or early-Be V-III luminosity-class star,
though a more evolved companion cannot be ruled out by our data (we can exclude
a luminosity class I and a spectral type later than B2). Finally, we show that
the outburst main parameters (duration and peak luminosity) can be accounted
for by interpreting the source transient activity as a type I outburst in a Be
X-ray binary.


title: Non-thermal photons and H2 formation in the early Universe

abstract:
  The cosmological recombination of H and He at z \sim 1000 and the formation
of H2 during the dark ages produce a non-thermal photon excess in the Wien tail
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) blackbody spectrum. Here we compute
the effect of these photons on the H- photodetachment and H2+ photodissociation
processes. We discuss the implications for the chemical evolution of the
Universe in the post-recombination epoch, emphasizing how important a detailed
account of the full vibrational manifold of H2 and H2+ in the chemical network
is. We find that the final abundances of H2, H2+, H3+ and HD are significantly
smaller than in previous calculations that neglected the effect of non-thermal
photons. The suppression is mainly caused by extra hydrogen recombination
photons and could affect the formation rate of first stars. We provide simple
analytical approximations for the relevant rate coefficients and briefly
discuss the additional effect of dark matter annihilation on the considered
reaction rates.


title:
Inertial longitudinal magnetization reversal for non-Heisenberg
  ferromagnets

abstract:
  We analyze theoretically the novel pathway of ultrafast spin dynamics for
ferromagnets with high enough single-ion anisotropy (non-Heisenberg
ferromagnets). This longitudinal spin dynamics includes the coupled
oscillations of the modulus of the magnetization together with the quadrupolar
spin variables, which are expressed through quantum expectation values of
operators bilinear on the spin components. Even for a simple single-element
ferromagnet, such a dynamics can lead to an inertial magnetization reversal
under the action of an ultrashort laser pulse.


title: Mode shaping in mixed ion crystals of 40Ca2+ and 40Ca+

abstract:
  We present studies of mixed Coulomb crystals of 40Ca+ and 40Ca2+ ions in a
linear Paul trap. Doubly charged ions are produced by photoionisation of
trapped 40Ca+ with a vacuum ultraviolet laser source and sympathetically cooled
via Doppler cooled 40Ca+ ions. We investigate experimentally and theoretically
the structural configurations and the vibrational modes of these mixed
crystals. Our results with 40Ca2+ are an important step towards experimental
realization of the proposals for mode shaping in a linear crystal and
spin-dependent configuration changes from zigzag to linear as proposed by Li et
al., Phys. Rev. A 87, (2013) 052304 and Phys. Rev. Lett 108, (2012) 023003
using ions excited to Rydberg states.


title: An agent based multi-optional model for the diffusion of innovations

abstract:
  We propose a model for the diffusion of several products competing in a
common market based on the generalization of the Ising model of statiscal
mechanics (Potts model). Using an agent based implementation, we analyze two
problems: (i) a three options case, i.e. to adopt a product A, a product B, or
non-adoption and (ii) a four options case, i.e. the adoption of product A,
product B, both, or none. In the first case we analyze a launching strategy for
one of the two products, which delays its launching with the objective of
competing with improvements. Market shares reached by each product are then
estimated at market saturation. Finally, simulations are carried out with
varying degrees of social network topology, uncertainty, and population
homogeneity.


title: The master T-operator for the Gaudin model and the KP hierarchy

abstract:
  Following the approach of [arXiv:1112.3310], we construct the master T
-operator for the quantum Gaudin model with twisted boundary conditions and
show that it satisfies the bilinear identity and Hirota equations for the
classical KP hierarchy. We also characterize the class of solutions to the KP
hierarchy that correspond to eigenvalues of the master T-operator and study
dynamics of their zeros as functions of the spectral parameter. This implies a
remarkable connection between the quantum Gaudin model and the classical
Calogero-Moser system of particles.


title: Colorful hypergraphs in Kneser hypergraphs

abstract:
  Using a $Z_q$-generalization of a theorem of Ky Fan, we extend to Kneser
hypergraphs a theorem of Simonyi and Tardos that ensures the existence of
multicolored complete bipartite graphs in any proper coloring of a Kneser
graph. It allows to derive a lower bound for the local chromatic number of
Kneser hypergraphs (using a natural definition of what can be the local
chromatic number of a hypergraph).


title:
Intertwining Laplace Transformations of Linear Partial Differential
  Equations

abstract:
  We propose a generalization of Laplace transformations to the case of linear
partial differential operators (LPDOs) of arbitrary order in R^n. Practically
all previously proposed differential transformations of LPDOs are particular
cases of this transformation (intertwining Laplace transformation, ILT). We
give a complete algorithm of construction of ILT and describe the classes of
operators in R^n suitable for this transformation.
  Keywords: Integration of linear partial differential equations, Laplace
transformation, differential transformation


title: On the complexity of Boolean matrix ranks

abstract:
  We construct a reduction which proves that the fooling set number and the
determinantal rank of a Boolean matrix are NP-hard to compute.


title: Supersymmetric component actions via coset approach

abstract:
  We propose a method to construct the on-shell component actions for the
theories with $1/2$ partial breaking of global supersymmetry within the
nonlinear realization (coset) approach. In contrast with the standard
superfield approach in which unbroken supersymmetry plays the leading role, we
have shifted the attention to the spontaneously broken supersymmetry. It turns
out that in the theories in which half of supersymmetries is spontaneously
broken, all physical fermions are just the fermions of the nonlinear
realization. Moreover, the transformation properties of these fermions with
respect to the broken supersymmetry are the same as in the famous Volkov-Akulov
model. Just this fact completely fixed all possible appearances of the fermions
in the component action: they can enter the action through the determinant of
the vielbein (to compensate the transformation of the volume form) and the
covariant derivatives, only. It is very important that in our parametrization
of the coset the rest of physical components, i.e. all bosonic components,
transform as ``matter fields'' with respect to the broken supersymmetry.
Clearly, in such a situation the component action acquires the form of the
Volkov-Akulov action for these ``matter fields''. The complete form of the
action can be further fixed by two additional requirements: a) to reproduce the
bosonic limit, which is explicitly known in many interesting cases, and b) to
have a proper linearized form, which has to be invariant with respect to the
linearized unbroken supersymmetry. We supply the general consideration by a
detailed example of the component action of $N=1$ supermembrane in $D=4$
constructed within our procedure. In this case we provide the exact proof of
the invariance of the constructed component action with respect to both, broken
and unbroken supersymmetries.


title: Instability and bifurcation in a trend depending price formation model

abstract:
  A well-known model due to J.-M. Lasry and P.L. Lions that presents the
evolution of prices in a market as the evolution of a free boundary in a
diffusion equation is suggested to be modified in order to show instabilities
for some values of the parameters. This loss of stability is associated to the
appearance of new types of solutions, namely periodic solutions, due to a Hopf
bifurcation and representing price oscillations, and traveling waves, that
represent either inflationary or deflationary behavior.


title: Global and local behavior of zeros of nonpositive type

abstract:
  A generalized Nevanlinna function $Q(z)$ with one negative square has
precisely one generalized zero of nonpositive type in the closed extended upper
halfplane. The fractional linear transformation defined by
$Q_\tau(z)=(Q(z)-\tau)/(1+\tau Q(z))$, $\tau \in \mathbf{Real} \cup
\{\infty\}$, is a generalized Nevanlinna function with one negative square. Its
generalized zero of nonpositive type $\alpha(\tau)$ as a function of $\tau$ is
being studied. In particular, it is shown that it is continuous and its
behavior in the points where the function extends through the real line is
investigated.


title:
Using Geoelectrons to Search for Velocity-Dependent Spin-Spin
  Interactions

abstract:
  We use the recently developed model of the electron spins within the Earth to
investigate all of the six possible long-range velocity-dependent spin-spin
interactions associated with the exchange of an intermediate vector boson.
Several laboratory experiments have established upper limits on the energy
associated with various fermion-spin orientations relative to the Earth. We
combine the results from three of these experiments with the geoelectron-spin
model to obtain bounds on the velocity-dependent interactions that couple
electron spin to the spins of electrons, neutrons and protons. Five of the six
possible potentials investigated were previously unbounded. The bound achieved
on V8 is about 30 orders of magnitude more restrictive in the long-range limit
than the only previously established constraint.


title:
Analysis of Reactivity Induced Accident for Control Rods Ejection with
  Loss of Cooling

abstract:
  Understanding of the time-dependent behavior of the neutron population in
nuclear reactor in response to either a planned or unplanned change in the
reactor conditions, is a great importance to the safe and reliable operation of
the reactor. In the present work, the point kinetics equations are solved
numerically using stiffness confinement method (SCM). The solution is applied
to the kinetics equations in the presence of different types of reactivities
and is compared with different analytical solutions. This method is also used
to analyze reactivity induced accidents in two reactors. The first reactor is
fueled by uranium and the second is fueled by plutonium. This analysis presents
the effect of negative temperature feedback with the addition positive
reactivity of control rods to overcome the occurrence of control rod ejection
accident and damaging of the reactor. Both power and temperature pulse
following the reactivity- initiated accidents are calculated. The results are
compared with previous works and satisfactory agreement is found.


title: Constitutive Model for Material Comminuting at High Shear Rate

abstract:
  The modeling of high velocity impact into brittle or quasibrittle solids is
hampered by the unavailability of a constitutive model capturing the effects of
material comminution into very fine particles. The present objective is to
develop such a model, usable in finite element programs. The comminution at
very high strain rates can dissipate a large portion of the kinetic energy of
an impacting missile. The spatial derivative of the energy dissipated by
comminution gives a force resisting the penetration, which is superposed on the
nodal forces obtained from the static constitutive model in a finite element
program. The present theory is inspired partly by Grady's model for comminution
due to explosion inside a hollow sphere, and partly by analogy with turbulence.
In high velocity turbulent flow, the energy dissipation rate is enhanced by the
formation of micro-vortices (eddies) which dissipate energy by viscous shear
stress. Similarly, here it is assumed that the energy dissipation at fast
deformation of a confined solid gets enhanced by the release of kinetic energy
of the motion associated with a high-rate shear strain of forming particles.
For simplicity, the shape of these particles in the plane of maximum shear rate
is considered to be regular hexagons. The rate of release of free energy
density consisting of the sum of this energy and the fracture energy of the
interface between the forming particle is minimized. The particle sizes are
assumed to be distributed according to Schuhmann's power law. It is concluded
that the minimum particle size is inversely proportional to the (2/3)-power of
the shear strain rate, that the kinetic energy release is to proportional to
the (2/3)-power, and that the dynamic comminution creates an apparent material
viscosity inversely proportional to the (1/3)-power of the shear strain rate.


title:
Lyman break and UV-selected galaxies at z ~ 1: II. PACS-100um/160um FIR
  detections

abstract:
  We report the PACS-100um/160um detections of a sample of 42 GALEX-selected
and FIR-detected Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at z ~ 1 located in the COSMOS
field and analyze their ultra-violet (UV) to far-infrared (FIR) properties. The
detection of these LBGs in the FIR indicates that they have a dust content high
enough so that its emission can be directly detected. According to a spectral
energy distribution (SED) fitting with stellar population templates to their
UV-to-near-IR observed photometry, PACS-detected LBGs tend to be bigger, more
massive, dustier, redder in the UV continuum, and UV-brighter than
PACS-undetected LBGs. PACS-detected LBGs at z ~ 1 are mostly disk-like galaxies
and are located over the green-valley and red sequence of the color-magnitude
diagram of galaxies at their redshift. By using their UV and IR emission, we
find that PACS-detected LBGs tend to be less dusty and have slightly higher
total star-formation rates (SFRs) than other PACS-detected UV-selected galaxies
within their same redshift range. As a consequence of the selection effect due
to the depth of the FIR observations employed, all our PACS-detected LBGs are
LIRGs. However, none of them are in the ULIRG regime, where the FIR
observations are complete. The finding of ULIRGs-LBGs at higher redshifts
suggests an evolution of the FIR emission of LBGs with cosmic time. In an
IRX-$\beta$ diagram, PACS-detected LBGs at z ~ 1 tend to be located around the
relation for local starburst similarly to other UV-selected PACS-detected
galaxies at their same redshift. Consequently, the dust-correction factors
obtained with their UV continuum slope allow to determine their total SFR,
unlike at higher redshifts. However, the dust attenuation derived from UV to
NIR SED fitting overestimates the total SFR for most of our PACS-detected LBGs
in age-dependent way: the overestimation factor is higher in younger galaxies.


title:
3-D nonlinear force-free field reconstruction of solar active region
  11158 by direct boundary integral equation

abstract:
  A 3-D coronal magnetic field is reconstructed for NOAA 11158 on Feb 14, 2011.
A GPU-accelerated direct boundary integral equation (DBIE) method is
implemented. This is about 1000 times faster than the original DBIE used on
solar NLFFF modeling. Using the SDO/HMI vector magnetogram as the bottom
boundary condition, the reconstructed magnetic field lines are compared with
the projected EUV loop structures from different views three-dimensionally by
SDO/AIA and STEREO A/B spacecraft simultaneously for the first time. They show
very good agreement so that the topological configurations of the magnetic
fields can be analyzed, thus its role in the flare process of the active region
can be better understood. A quantitative comparison with some stereoscopically
reconstructed coronal loops shows that the present averaged misalignment angles
are at the same order as the state-of-the-art results obtained with
reconstructed coronal loops as prescribed conditions and better than other
NLFFF methods. It is found that the observed coronal loop structures can be
grouped into bundles of closed and open loops with some central bright coronal
loops around the polarity inversion line (PIL). The reconstructed
highly-shearing magnetic field lines agree very well with the low-lying
S-shaped filament channel along PIL. They are in a pivot position to all other
surrounding coronal structures, and a group of electric current lines
co-aligned with the central bright EUV loops overlying the filament channel is
also obtained. This central lower-lying magnetic field loop system must have
played a key role in powering the flare. It should be noted that while a
strand-like coronal feature along PIL may be related to the filament, one
cannot simply attribute all the coronal bright features along PIL to
manifestation of the filament without any stereoscopically information. It
shows that DBIE is rigorous and effective.


title: First-order equivalent to Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian

abstract:
  A first-order Lagrangian $L^\nabla $ variationally equivalent to the
second-order Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian is introduced. Such a Lagrangian
depends on a symmetric linear connection, but the dependence is covariant under
diffeomorphisms. The variational problem defined by $L^\nabla $ is proved to be
regular and its Hamiltonian formulation is studied, including its covariant
Hamiltonian attached to $\nabla $.


title:
The Influence of Dark Matter Halos on Dynamical Estimates of Black Hole
  Mass: Ten New Measurements for High-sigma Early-Type Galaxies

abstract:
  Adaptive-Optics assisted SINFONI observations of the central regions of ten
early-type galaxies are presented. Based primarily on the SINFONI kinematics,
ten black hole masses occupying the high-mass regime of the M_BH-sigma relation
are derived using three-integral Schwarzschild models. The effect of dark
matter inclusion on the black hole mass is explored. The omission of a dark
matter halo in the model results in a higher stellar mass-to-light ratio,
especially when extensive kinematic data are used in the model. However, when
the diameter of the sphere of influence -- computed using the black hole mass
derived without a dark halo -- is at least 10 times the PSF FWHM during the
observations, it is safe to exclude a dark matter component in the dynamical
modeling, i.e. the change in black hole mass is negligible. When the spatial
resolution is marginal, restricting the mass-to-light ratio to the right value
returns the correct M_BH although dark halo is not present in the model.
Compared to the M_BH-sigma and M_BH-L relations of McConnell et al. (2011), the
ten black holes are all more massive than expected from the luminosities and
seven black hole masses are higher than expected from the stellar velocity
dispersions of the host bulges. Using new fitted relations which include the
ten galaxies, we find that the space density of the most massive black holes
(M_BH >~ 10^9 Msun) estimated from the M_BH-L relation is higher than the
estimate based on the M_BH-sigma relation and the latter is higher than model
predictions based on quasar counts, each by about an order of magnitude.


title:
Nematicity as a probe of superconducting pairing in iron-based
  superconductors

abstract:
  In several families of iron-based superconducting materials, a d-wave pairing
instability may compete with the leading s-wave instability. Here we show that
when both states have comparable free energies, superconducting and nematic
degrees of freedom are strongly coupled. While nematic order causes a sharp
non-analytic increase in $T_{c}$, nematic fluctuations can change the character
of the s-wave to d-wave transition, favoring an intermediate state that does
not break time-reversal symmetry but does break tetragonal symmetry. The
coupling between superconductivity and nematicity is also manifested in the
strong softening of the shear modulus across the superconducting transition.
Our results show that nematicity can be used as a diagnostic tool to search for
unconventional pairing states in iron pnictides and chalcogenides.


title:
Measurement of the W+W- cross section in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7
  TeV and limits on anomalous WW gamma and WWZ couplings

abstract:
  A measurement of W+W- production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is
presented. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, and
correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.92 +/- 0.11 inverse femtobarns. The
W+W- candidates consist of two oppositely charged leptons, electrons or muons,
accompanied by large missing transverse energy. The W+W- production cross
section is measured to be 52.4 +/- 2.0 (stat.) +/- 4.5 (syst.) +/- 1.2 (lum.)
pb. This measurement is consistent with the standard model prediction of 47.0
+/- 2.0 pb at next-to-leading order. Stringent limits on the WW gamma and WWZ
anomalous triple gauge-boson couplings are set.


title: Prospects for the detection of GRBs with HAWC

abstract:
  The observation of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) with very-high-energy (VHE) gamma
rays can provide understanding of the particle acceleration mechanisms in GRBs,
and can also be used to probe the extra-galactic background light and place
constraints on Lorentz invariance violation. We present prospects for GRB
detection by the ground-based HAWC (High Altitude Water Cherenkov) gamma-ray
observatory. We model the VHE spectrum of GRBs by extrapolating observations by
Fermi LAT and other observatories to higher energies. Under the assumption that
only e-pair production associated with extra-galactic background light is
responsible for high-energy cutoffs in the spectrum, we find that HAWC will
have a detection rate as high as 1.65 GRBs/year. Most of the sensitivity of
HAWC to GRBs is derived from short-hard GRBs during the prompt phase. We
explore the possibility of universal high-energy cutoffs in GRB spectra and
find that the GRB detection rate by HAWC should be at least half of this figure
as long as the typical intrinsic cutoff is above 200-300 GeV in the rest frame.


title: Arithmetic Algorithms for Hereditarily Binary Natural Numbers

abstract:
  We study some essential arithmetic properties of a new tree-based number
representation, {\em hereditarily binary numbers}, defined by applying
recursively run-length encoding of bijective base-2 digits.
  Our representation expresses giant numbers like the largest known prime
number and its related perfect number as well as the largest known Woodall,
Cullen, Proth, Sophie Germain and twin primes as trees of small sizes.
  More importantly, our number representation supports novel algorithms that,
in the best case, collapse the complexity of various computations by
super-exponential factors and in the worse case are within a constant factor of
their traditional counterparts.
  As a result, it opens the door to a new world, where arithmetic operations
are limited by the structural complexity of their operands, rather than their
bitsizes.


title: Duality and interval analysis over idempotent semirings

abstract:
  In this paper semirings with an idempotent addition are considered. These
algebraic structures are endowed with a partial order. This allows to consider
residuated maps to solve systems of inequalities $A \otimes X \preceq B$. The
purpose of this paper is to consider a dual product, denoted $\odot$, and the
dual residuation of matrices, in order to solve the following inequality $ A
\otimes X \preceq X \preceq B \odot X$. Sufficient conditions ensuring the
existence of a non-linear projector in the solution set are proposed. The
results are extended to semirings of intervals.


title:
Alfven Wave Collisions, The Fundamental Building Block of Plasma
  Turbulence IV: Laboratory Experiment

abstract:
  Turbulence is a phenomenon found throughout space and astrophysical plasmas.
It plays an important role in solar coronal heating, acceleration of the solar
wind, and heating of the interstellar medium. Turbulence in these regimes is
dominated by Alfven waves. Most turbulence theories have been established using
ideal plasma models, such as incompressible MHD. However, there has been no
experimental evidence to support the use of such models for weakly to
moderately collisional plasmas which are relevant to various space and
astrophysical plasma environments. We present the first experiment to measure
the nonlinear interaction between two counterpropagating Alfven waves, which is
the building block for astrophysical turbulence theories. We present here four
distinct tests that demonstrate conclusively that we have indeed measured the
daughter Alfven wave generated nonlinearly by a collision between
counterpropagating Alfven waves.


title:
Cyclic Period-3 Window in Antiferromagnetic Potts and Ising Models on
  Recursive Lattices

abstract:
  The magnetic properties of the antiferromagnetic Potts model with two-site
interaction and the antiferromagnetic Ising model with three-site interaction
on recursive lattices have been studied. A cyclic period-3 window has been
revealed by the recurrence relation method in the antiferromagnetic Q-state
Potts model on the Bethe lattice (at Q<2) and in the antiferromagnetic Ising
model with three-site interaction on the Husimi cactus. The Lyapunov exponents
have been calculated, modulated phases and a chaotic regime in the cyclic
period-3 window have been found for one-dimensional rational mappings
determined the properties of these systems.


title: Geometry of the shears mechanism in nuclei

abstract:
  The geometry of the shears mechanism in nuclei is derived from the nuclear
shell model. This is achieved by taking the limit of large angular momenta
(classical limit) of shell-model matrix elements.


title: On Kalamidas' proposal of faster than light quantum communication

abstract:
  In a recent paper, Kalamidas has advanced a new proposal of faster than light
communication which has not yet been proved invalid. In this paper, by strictly
sticking to the standard quantum formalism we prove that, as all previous
proposals, it does not work.


title:
A Survey of Different Residential Energy Consumption Controlling
  Techniques for Autonomous DSM in Future Smart Grid Communications

abstract:
  In this work, we present a survey of residential load controlling techniques
to implement demand side management in future smart grid. Power generation
sector facing important challenges both in quality and quantity to meet the
increasing requirements of consumers. Energy efficiency, reliability, economics
and integration of new energy resources are important issues to enhance the
stability of power system infrastructure. Optimal energy consumption scheduling
minimizes the energy consumption cost and reduce the peak-to-average ratio
(PAR) as well as peak load demand in peak hours. In this work, we discuss
different energy consumption scheduling schemes that schedule the household
appliances in real-time to achieve minimum energy consumption cost and reduce
peak load curve in peak hours to shape the peak load demand.


title:
An N-body Integrator for Gravitating Planetary Rings, and the Outer Edge
  of Saturn's B Ring

abstract:
  A new symplectic N-body integrator is introduced, one designed to calculate
the global 360 degree evolution of a self-gravitating planetary ring that is in
orbit about an oblate planet. This freely-available code is called epi_int, and
it is distinct from other such codes in its use of streamlines to calculate the
effects of ring self-gravity. The great advantage of this approach is that the
perturbing forces arise from smooth wires of ring matter rather than discreet
particles, so there is very little gravitational scattering and so only a
modest number of particles are needed to simulate, say, the scalloped edge of a
resonantly confined ring or the propagation of spiral density waves.
  The code is applied to the outer edge of Saturn's B ring, and a comparison of
Cassini measurements of the ring's forced response to simulations of Mimas'
resonant perturbations reveals that the B ring's surface density at its outer
edge is 195+-60 gm/cm^2 which, if the same everywhere across the ring would
mean that the B ring's mass is about 90% of Mimas' mass.
  Cassini observations show that the B ring-edge has several free normal modes,
which are long-lived disturbances of the ring-edge that are not driven by any
known satellite resonances. Although the mechanism that excites or sustains
these normal modes is unknown, we can plant such a disturbance at a simulated
ring's edge, and find that these modes persist without any damping for more
than ~10^5 orbits or ~100 yrs despite the simulated ring's viscosity of 100
cm^2/sec. These simulations also indicate that impulsive disturbances at a ring
can excite long-lived normal modes, which suggests that an impact in the recent
past by perhaps a cloud of cometary debris might have excited these
disturbances which are quite common to many of Saturn's sharp-edged rings.


title: Interval systems over idempotent semiring

abstract:
  This paper deals with solution of inequality $\textbf{A}\otimes
\textbf{x}\preceq \textbf{b}$, where $\textbf{A}, \textbf{x}$ and $\textbf{b}$
are interval matrices with entries defined over idempotent semiring. It deals
also with the computation of a pair of intervals, ($\textbf{x},\textbf{y}$)
which satisfies the equation $\textbf{A} \otimes \textbf{x}=\textbf{B}\otimes
\textbf{y}$. It will be shown that this equation may be solved by considering
the interval version of the iterative scheme proposed by Cuninighame-Green and
Butkovic in 2003.


title: Home Energy Management Systems in Future Smart Grids

abstract:
  We present a detailed review of various Home Energy Management Schemes
(HEM,s). HEM,s will increase savings, reduce peak demand and Pto Average Ratio
(PAR). Among various applications of smart grid technologies, home energy
management is probably the most important one to be addressed. Various steps
have been taken by utilities for efficient energy consumption.New pricing
schemes like Time of Use (ToU), Real Time Pricing (RTP), Critical Peak Pricing
(CPP), Inclining Block Rates (IBR) etc have been been devised for future smart
grids.Home appliances and/or distributed energy resources coordination (Local
Generation) along with different pricing schemes leads towards efficient energy
consumption. This paper addresses various communication and optimization based
residential energy management schemes and different communication and
networking technologies involved in these schemes.


title: Compact Notation for Finite Transformations

abstract:
  We describe a new notation for finite transformations. This compact notation
extends the orbit-cycle notation for permutations and builds upon existing
notations. It gives insight into the structure of transformations and reduces
the length of expressions without increasing the number of types of symbols.


title: Bunching coefficients in Echo-Enabled Harmonic Generation

abstract:
  Coulombian diffusion determines a dilution of bunching coefficients in Free
Electron Laser seeded devices. From the mathematical point of view the effect
can be modeled through a heat type equation, which can be merged with the
ordinary Liouville equation, ruling the evolution of the longitudinal phase
space beam distribution. We will show that the use of analytical tools like the
Generalized Bessel Functions and algebraic techniques for the solution of
evolution problems may provide a useful method of analysis and shine further
light on the physical aspects of the underlying mechanisms.


title:
Preventive Care Resource Allocation in Developing Countries: Can
  Rational Planning Techniques Help in Allocating Vaccinators in Dera Ismail
  Khan District of Pakistan?

abstract:
  Preventive care service delivery faces immense challenges when it comes to
the level of coverage. Within this context, the case of child immunization is
presented by applying operations management tools. This paper explores the
application of integer programming techniques to support the Expanded Programme
of Immunization (EPI) service in the Dera Ismail Khan District of Pakistan. The
main concern here is equitable service delivery to decentralized localities
based on two criteria: (1) achieving the highest possible level of vaccination
among the target population; and 2) ensuring equality among geographically
scattered populations, especially in rural dwellings. For this purpose two
integer programming models have been applied on the basis of (1) sub-dividing
health district into localities and allocating vaccinators to visit and
vaccinate children within their administrative boundaries, and (2) within the
localized planning system allowing vaccinators to visit and vaccinate children
across the administrative boundaries subject to savings in travel time. Both
models show interesting results in terms of need satisfaction and travel-time
savings with a minimum level of deviation from equity. The solutions provide a
trade-off between alternative organizational tactics, and the argument is made
that rational planning methods applied interactively can contribute to the
delivery of an immunization service that is equitable and cost effective.


title:
Efficient experimental estimation of fidelity of linear optical quantum
  Toffoli gate

abstract:
  We propose an efficiently measurable lower bound on quantum process fidelity
of N-qubit controlled-Z gates. This bound is determined by average output state
fidelities for N partially conjugate product bases. A distinct advantage of our
approach is that only fidelities with product states need to be measured while
keeping the total number of measurements much smaller than what is necessary
for full quantum process tomography. As an application, we use this method to
experimentally estimate quantum process fidelity F of a three-qubit linear
optical quantum Toffoli gate and we find that F>=0.83. We also demonstrate the
entangling capability of the gate by preparing GHZ-type three-qubit entangled
states from input product states.


title: Steady-state entanglement activation in optomechanical cavities

abstract:
  Quantum discord, and a number of related indicators, are currently raising a
relentless interest as a novel paradigm of non-classical correlations beyond
entanglement. Beside merely fundamental aspects, various works have shown that
discord is a valuable -- so far largely unexplored -- resource in quantum
information processing. Along this line, quite a striking scheme is
{entanglement activation}. An initial amount of discord between two
disentangled parties of a multipartite system affects the dynamics so as to
establish entanglement across a bipartition, which would not arise otherwise.
To date, such a process was proven to be achievable only dynamically, i.e.,
with no guarantee of a stationary entanglement throughput in the presence of
noise. Here, we discover a {\it discord-activated mechanism yielding
steady-state entanglement} production in a realistic continuous-variable setup.
This comprises two coupled optomechanical cavities, where the optical modes
(OMs) communicate through a fiber. We first use a simplified model to highlight
the creation of steady-state discord between the OMs. We show next that such
discord improves the level of stationary optomechanical entanglement attainable
in the system, making it more robust against temperature and thermal noise.


title: Spacetime Quantum Fluctuations, Minimal Length and Einstein Equations

abstract:
  In the process of work it has been found that space-time quantum fluctuations
are naturally described in terms of the deformation parameter introduced on
going from the well-known quantum mechanics to that at Planck scales and put
forward in the previous works of the author. As shown, with the use of quite
natural assumptions, these fluctuations must be allowed for in Einstein
Equations to lead to the dependence of the latter on the above-mentioned
parameter, that is insignificant and may be ignored at low energies but is of
particular importance at high energies. Besides, some inferences form the
obtained results are maid.


title: Control Strategies for Mobile Robot With Obstacle Avoidance

abstract:
  Obstacle avoidance is an important task in the field of robotics, since the
goal of autonomous robot is to reach the destination without collision. Several
algorithms have been proposed for obstacle avoidance, having drawbacks and
benefits. In this survey paper, we mainly discussed different algorithms for
robot navigation with obstacle avoidance. We also compared all provided
algorithms and mentioned their characteristics; advantages and disadvantages,
so that we can select final efficient algorithm by fusing discussed algorithms.
Comparison table is provided for justifying the area of interest


title:
Coulomb blockade microscopy of spin density oscillations and fractional
  charge in quantum spin Hall dots

abstract:
  We evaluate the spin density oscillations arising in quantum spin Hall
quantum dots created via two localized magnetic barriers. The combined presence
of magnetic barriers and spin-momentum locking, the hallmark of topological
insulators, leads to peculiar phenomena: a half-integer charge is trapped in
the dot for antiparallel magnetization of the barriers, and oscillations appear
in the in-plane spin density, which are enhanced in the presence of electron
interactions. Furthermore, we show that the number of these oscillations is
determined by the number of particles inside the dot, so that the presence or
the absence of the fractional charge can be deduced from the in-plane spin
density. We show that when the dot is coupled with a magnetized tip, the
spatial shift induced in the chemical potential allows to probe these peculiar
features.


title:
Advanced LEACH: A Static Clustering-based Heteroneous Routing Protocol
  for WSNs

abstract:
  Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs) have a big application in heterogeneous
networks. In this paper, we propose and evaluate Advanced Low-Energy Adaptive
Clustering Hierarchy (Ad-LEACH) which is static clustering based heterogeneous
routing protocol. The complete network field is first divided into static
clusters and then in each cluster separate Ad-LEACH protocol is applied. Our
proposed protocol is inherited from LEACH with a cluster head selection
criteria of Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (DEEC). This enables
Ad-LEACH to cope with the heterogeneous nature of nodes. Due to small static
clusters, each node reduces its broadcast message power because it only has to
cover a small area. We perform simulations in MATLAB to check the efficiency of
Ad-LEACH. The Simulation results show that Ad-LEACH outperforms LEACH and DEEC
in energy efficiency as well as throughput.


title: Spin-free quantum computational simulations and symmetry adapted states

abstract:
  The ideas of digital simulation of quantum systems using a quantum computer
parallel the original ideas of numerical simulation using a classical computer.
In order for quantum computational simulations to advance to a competitive
point, many techniques from classical simulations must be imported into the
quantum domain. In this article, we consider the applications of symmetry in
the context of quantum simulation. Building upon well established machinery, we
propose a form of first quantized simulation that only requires the spatial
part of the wave function, thereby allowing spin-free quantum computational
simulations. We go further and discuss the preparation of N-body states with
specified symmetries based on projection techniques. We consider two simple
examples, molecular hydrogen and cyclopropenyl cation, to illustrate the ideas.
While the methods here represent adaptations of known quantum algorithms, they
are the first to explicitly deal with preparing N-body symmetry-adapted states.


title:
Comparative Analysis of Routing Protocols for Under Water Wireless
  Sensor Networks

abstract:
  Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks are significantly different from
terrestrial sensor networks due to peculiar characteristics of low bandwidth,
high latency, limited energy, node float mobility and high error probability.
These features bring many challenges to the network protocol design of UWSNs.
Several routing protocols have been developed in recent years for these
networks. One of the major difficulties in comparison and validation of the
performance of these proposals is the lack of a common standard to model the
acoustic propagation in the harsh underwater environment. In this paper we
analyze the evolution of certain underwater routing protocols like VBF, DBR,
H2-DAB, QELAR etc. in terms of their localization techniques, energy
minimization characteristics and holding time calculations. The design of each
protocol follows certain goals i.e. reduction of energy consumption,
improvement of communication latency, achievement of robustness and scalability
etc. This paper examines the main approaches and challenges in the design and
implementation of underwater sensor networks. The detailed descriptions of the
selected protocols contribute in understanding the direction of the current
research on routing layer in UWSN.


title:
Improvements and Generalizations of Stochastic Knapsack and Multi-Armed
  Bandit Approximation Algorithms: Full Version

abstract:
  We study the multi-armed bandit problem with arms which are Markov chains
with rewards. In the finite-horizon setting, the celebrated Gittins indices do
not apply, and the exact solution is intractable. We provide approximation
algorithms for a more general model which includes Markov decision processes
and non-unit transition times. When preemption is allowed, we provide a
(1/2-eps)-approximation, along with an example showing this is tight. When
preemption isn't allowed, we provide a 1/12-approximation, which improves to a
4/27-approximation when transition times are unity. Our model encompasses the
Markovian Bandits model of Gupta et al, the Stochastic Knapsack model of Dean,
Goemans, and Vondrak, and the Budgeted Learning model of Guha and Munagala, and
our algorithms improve existing results in all three areas. In our analysis, we
encounter and overcome to our knowledge a novel obstacle - an algorithm that
provably exists via polyhedral arguments, but cannot be found in polynomial
time.


title:
Statistical Anisotropy in Inflationary Models with Many Vector Fields
  and/or Prolonged Anisotropic Expansion

abstract:
  We study the most general contributions due to scalar field perturbations,
vector field perturbations, and anisotropic expansion to the generation of
statistical anisotropy in the primordial curvature perturbation \zeta. Such a
study is done using the \delta N formalism where only linear terms are
considered. Here, we consider two specific cases that lead to determine the
power spectrum P_\zeta(k) of the primordial curvature perturbation. In the
first one, we consider the possibility that the n-point correlators of the
field perturbations in real space are invariant under rotations in space
(statistical isotropy); as a result, we obtain as many levels of statistical
anisotropy as vector fields present and, therefore, several preferred
directions. The second possibility arises when we consider anisotropic
expansion, which leads us to obtain I+a additional contributions to the
generation of statistical anisotropy of \zeta compared with the former case,
being I and a the number of scalar and vector fields involved respectively.


title:
Magic frequencies in atom-light interaction for precision probing of the
  density matrix

abstract:
  We analyze theoretically and experimentally the existence of a {\it magic
frequency} for which the absorption of a linearly polarized light beam by vapor
alkali atoms is independent of the population distribution among the Zeeman
sub-levels and the angle between the beam and a magnetic field. The phenomenon
originates from a peculiar cancelation of the contributions of higher moments
of the atomic density matrix, and is described using the Wigner-Eckart theorem
and inherent properties of Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. One important
application is the robust measurement of the hyperfine population.


title: The 5 GHz Arecibo Search for Radio Flares from Ultracool Dwarfs

abstract:
  We present the results of a 4.75 GHz survey of 33 brown dwarfs and one young
exoplanetary system for flaring radio emission, conducted with the 305-m
Arecibo radio telescope. The goal of this program was to detect and
characterize the magnetic fields of objects cooler than spectral type L3.5, the
coolest brown dwarf detected prior to our survey. We have also attempted to
detect flaring radio emission from the HR 8799 planetary system, guided by
theoretical work indicating that hot, massive exoplanets may have strong
magnetic fields capable of generating radio emission at GHz frequencies. We
have detected and confirmed radio flares from the T6.5 dwarf 2MASS
J10475385+2124234. This detection dramatically extends the temperature range
over which brown dwarfs appear to be at least sporadic radio-emitters, from
~1900 K (L3.5) down to ~900 K (T6.5). It also demonstrates that the utility of
radio detection as a unique tool to study the magnetic fields of substellar
objects extends to the coolest dwarfs, and, plausibly to hot, massive
exoplanets. We have also identified a single, 3.6 sigma flare from the L1
dwarf, 2MASS J1439284+192915. This detection is tentative and requires
confirmation by additional monitoring observations.


title:
Efficient Single-Source Shortest Path and Distance Queries on Large
  Graphs

abstract:
  This paper investigates two types of graph queries: {\em single source
distance (SSD)} queries and {\em single source shortest path (SSSP)} queries.
Given a node $v$ in a graph $G$, an SSD query from $v$ asks for the distance
from $v$ to any other node in $G$, while an SSSP query retrieves the shortest
path from $v$ to any other node. These two types of queries are fundamental
building blocks of numerous graph algorithms, and they find important
applications in graph analysis, especially in the computation of graph
measures. Most of the existing solutions for SSD and SSSP queries, however,
require that the input graph fits in the main memory, which renders them
inapplicable for the massive disk-resident graphs commonly used in web and
social applications. The only exceptions are a few techniques that are designed
to be I/O efficient, but they all focus on undirected and/or unweighted graphs,
and they only offer sub-optimal query efficiency.
  To address the deficiency of existing work, this paper presents {\em
Highways-on-Disk (HoD)}, a disk-based index that supports both SSD and SSSP
queries on directed and weighted graphs. The key idea of HoD is to augment the
input graph with a set of auxiliary edges, and exploit them during query
processing to reduce I/O and computation costs. We experimentally evaluate HoD
on both directed and undirected real-world graphs with up to billions of nodes
and edges, and we demonstrate that HoD significantly outperforms alternative
solutions in terms of query efficiency.


title:
Sparse Representation of a Polytope and Recovery of Sparse Signals and
  Low-rank Matrices

abstract:
  This paper considers compressed sensing and affine rank minimization in both
noiseless and noisy cases and establishes sharp restricted isometry conditions
for sparse signal and low-rank matrix recovery. The analysis relies on a key
technical tool which represents points in a polytope by convex combinations of
sparse vectors. The technique is elementary while leads to sharp results.
  It is shown that for any given constant $t\ge {4/3}$, in compressed sensing
$\delta_{tk}^A < \sqrt{(t-1)/t}$ guarantees the exact recovery of all $k$
sparse signals in the noiseless case through the constrained $\ell_1$
minimization, and similarly in affine rank minimization
$\delta_{tr}^\mathcal{M}< \sqrt{(t-1)/t}$ ensures the exact reconstruction of
all matrices with rank at most $r$ in the noiseless case via the constrained
nuclear norm minimization. Moreover, for any $\epsilon>0$,
$\delta_{tk}^A<\sqrt{\frac{t-1}{t}}+\epsilon$ is not sufficient to guarantee
the exact recovery of all $k$-sparse signals for large $k$. Similar result also
holds for matrix recovery. In addition, the conditions $\delta_{tk}^A <
\sqrt{(t-1)/t}$ and $\delta_{tr}^\mathcal{M}< \sqrt{(t-1)/t}$ are also shown to
be sufficient respectively for stable recovery of approximately sparse signals
and low-rank matrices in the noisy case.


title: Norm-attaining compact operators

abstract:
  We show examples of compact linear operators between Banach spaces which
cannot be approximated by norm attaining operators. This is the negative answer
to an open question posed in the 1970's. Actually, any strictly convex Banach
space failing the approximation property serves as the range space. On the
other hand, there are examples in which the domain space has a Schauder basis.


title:
The Charged Higgs Boson Mass of the MSSM in the Feynman-Diagrammatic
  Approach

abstract:
  The interpretation of the Higgs signal at \sim 126 GeV within the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) depends crucially on the predicted
properties of the other Higgs states of the model, as the mass of the charged
Higgs boson, MH+-. This mass is calculated in the Feynman-diagrammatic approach
within the MSSM with real parameters. The result includes the complete one-loop
contributions and the two-loop contributions of O(alpha_t alpha_s). The
one-loop contributions lead to sizable shifts in the MH+- prediction, reaching
up to \sim 8 GeV for relatively small values of M_A. Even larger effects can
occur depending on the sign and size of the mu parameter that enters the
corrections affecting the relation between the bottom-quark mass and the bottom
Yukawa coupling. The two-loop O(alpha_t alpha_s) terms can shift MH+- by more
than 2 GeV. The two-loop contributions amount to typically about 30% of the
one-loop corrections for the examples that we have studied. These effects can
be relevant for precision analyses of the charged MSSM Higgs boson.


title:
Linear Network Coding, Linear Index Coding and Representable Discrete
  Polymatroids

abstract:
  Discrete polymatroids are the multi-set analogue of matroids. In this paper,
we explore the connections among linear network coding, linear index coding and
representable discrete polymatroids. We consider vector linear solutions of
networks over a field $\mathbb{F}_q,$ with possibly different message and edge
vector dimensions, which are referred to as linear fractional solutions. We
define a \textit{discrete polymatroidal} network and show that a linear
fractional solution over a field $\mathbb{F}_q,$ exists for a network if and
only if the network is discrete polymatroidal with respect to a discrete
polymatroid representable over $\mathbb{F}_q.$ An algorithm to construct
networks starting from certain class of discrete polymatroids is provided.
Every representation over $\mathbb{F}_q$ for the discrete polymatroid, results
in a linear fractional solution over $\mathbb{F}_q$ for the constructed
network. Next, we consider the index coding problem and show that a linear
solution to an index coding problem exists if and only if there exists a
representable discrete polymatroid satisfying certain conditions which are
determined by the index coding problem considered. El Rouayheb et. al. showed
that the problem of finding a multi-linear representation for a matroid can be
reduced to finding a \textit{perfect linear index coding solution} for an index
coding problem obtained from that matroid. We generalize the result of El
Rouayheb et. al. by showing that the problem of finding a representation for a
discrete polymatroid can be reduced to finding a perfect linear index coding
solution for an index coding problem obtained from that discrete polymatroid.


title: Distributed computation of homology using harmonics

abstract:
  We present a distributed algorithm to compute the first homology of a
simplicial complex. Such algorithms are very useful in topological analysis of
sensor networks, such as its coverage properties. We employ spanning trees to
compute a basis for algebraic 1-cycles, and then use harmonics to efficiently
identify the contractible and homologous cycles. The computational complexity
of the algorithm is $O(|P|^\omega)$, where $|P|$ is much smaller than the
number of edges, and $\omega$ is the complexity order of matrix multiplication.
For geometric graphs, we show using simulations that $|P|$ is very close to the
first Betti number.


title: Black hole binary inspiral and trajectory dominance

abstract:
  Gravitational waves emitted during the inspiral, plunge and merger of a black
hole binary carry linear momentum. This results in an astrophysically important
recoil to the final merged black hole, a ``kick'' that can eject it from the
nucleus of a galaxy. In a previous paper we showed that the puzzling partial
cancellation of an early kick by a late antikick, and the dependence of the
cancellation on black hole spin, can be understood from the phenomenology of
the linear momentum waveforms. Here we connect that phenomenology to its
underlying cause, the spin-dependence of the inspiral trajectories. This
insight suggests that the details of plunge can be understood more broadly with
a focus on inspiral trajectories.


title:
Magnetically Driven and Collimated Jets from the Disc-Magnetosphere
  Boundary of Rotating Stars

abstract:
  We discuss recent progress in understanding the launching of outflows/jets
from the disc-magnetosphere boundary of slowly and rapidly rotating magnetized
stars. In most of the discussed models the interior of the disc is assumed to
have a turbulent viscosity and magnetic diffusivity (as described by two
``alpha'' parameters), whereas the coronal region outside of the disc is
treated using ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD).
  Extensive MHD simulations have established the occurrence of long-lasting
outflows in both the cases of slowly and rapidly rotating stars. In the case of
{\it slowly rotating stars}, a new type of outflow, {\it a conical wind}, is
found and studied in simulations. The conical winds appear in cases where the
magnetic flux of the star is bunched up by the inward motion of the accretion
disc. Near their region of origin, the winds have the shape of a thin conical
shell with a half-opening angle of $ \sim 30^\circ$. At large distances these
outflows become magnetically collimated by their toroidal magnetic field and
form matter dominated jets. That is, the jets are current carrying. The
predominant driving force for the conical winds is the magnetic force
proportional to the negative gradient of the square of the toroidal magnetic
field and not the centrifugal force. In the case of {\it rapidly rotating
stars} in the ``propeller regime,'' a two-component outflow is observed. The
first component is similar to the matter dominated conical winds. A large
fraction of the disc matter may be ejected into the winds in this regime. The
second component is a high-velocity, low-density magnetically dominated {\it
axial jet} where matter flows along the opened polar field lines of the star.


title:
A quantum circuit to find discrete logarithms on ordinary binary
  elliptic curves in depth O(log^2 n)

abstract:
  Improving over an earlier construction by Kaye and Zalka, Maslov et al.
describe an implementation of Shor's algorithm which can solve the discrete
logarithm problem on binary elliptic curves in quadratic depth O(n^2). In this
paper we show that discrete logarithms on such curves can be found with a
quantum circuit of depth O(log^2 n). As technical tools we introduce quantum
circuits for GF(2^n) multiplication in depth O(log n) and for GF(2^n) inversion
in depth O(log^2 n).


title: Lorentz-Conformal Transformations in the Plane

abstract:
  While conformal transformations of the plane preserve Laplace's equation,
Lorentz-conformal mappings preserve the wave equation. We discover how simple
geometric objects, such as quadrilaterals and pairs of crossing curves, are
transformed under nonlinear Lorentz-conformal mappings. Squares are transformed
into curvilinear quadrilaterals where three sides determine the fourth by a
geometric "rectangle rule," which can be expressed also by functional formulas.
There is an explicit functional degree of freedom in choosing the mapping
taking the square to a given quadrilateral. We characterize classes of
Lorentz-conformal maps by their symmetries under subgroups of the dihedral
group of order eight. Unfoldings of non-invertible mappings into invertible
ones are reflected in a change of the symmetry group. The questions are simple;
but the answers are not obvious, yet have beautiful geometric, algebraic, and
functional descriptions and proofs. This is due to the very simple form of
nonlinear Lorentz-conformal transformations in dimension 1+1, provided by
characteristic coordinates.


title: Observer Design for (max,plus) Linear System

abstract:
  This paper deals with the state estimation for max-plus linear systems. This
estimation is carried out following the ideas of the observer method for
classical linear systems. The system matrices are assumed to be known, and the
observation of the input and of the output is used to compute the estimated
state. The observer design is based on the residuation theory which is suitable
to deal with linear mapping inversion in idempotent semiring.


title: Pfaffian groupoids

abstract:
  This thesis is about the study of Lie groupoids endowed with a compatible
(multiplicative) differential 1-form. The motivation and scope of the present
work is to study the geometry of PDEs using the formalism of Lie groupoids and
multiplicative forms; as such, ideas from the two theories have to be
introduced and explained from our point of view (which may not be the same as
in the literature!) before new results can be presented. Therefore the thesis
can be naturally split in two halves: the first, consisting of chapters 1, 2
and 3, recall the ideas and methods which are used in the second half, where
the majority of original results are presented. It is important to remark that
when considering multiplicative structures on Lie groupoids we shall employ two
(equivalent) points of view: the one using differential forms and the dual
picture with distributions.


title: Theory of a chiral Fermi liquid: general formalism

abstract:
  We extend the Fermi-liquid (FL) theory to include spin-orbit (SO) splitting
of the energy bands, focusing on the Rashba SO coupling as an example. We
construct the phenomenological Landau interaction function for such a system
using the symmetry arguments and verify this construction by an explicit
perturbative calculation. The Landau function is used to obtain the effective
mass, compressibility, and stability conditions of the FL. It is shown that
although the charge-sector properties, such as the effective mass and
compressibility, are determined solely by well-defined quasiparticles, the
spin-sector properties, such as the spin susceptibility, contain a contribution
from damped states in between the spin-split Fermi surfaces, and thus cannot be
fully described by the FL theory, except for the case of weak SO coupling. We
derive some specific properties of a chiral FL and show, in particular, that
for contact interaction spin-splitting of the Fermi velocities of Rashba
subbands occurs because of the Kohn anomaly, also modified by SO coupling.


title: Negative probability in the framework of combined probability

abstract:
  Negative probability has found diverse applications in theoretical physics.
Thus, construction of sound and rigorous mathematical foundations for negative
probability is important for physics. There are different axiomatizations of
conventional probability. So, it is natural that negative probability also has
different axiomatic frameworks. In the previous publications (Burgin, 2009;
2010), negative probability was mathematically formalized and rigorously
interpreted in the context of extended probability. In this work, the axiomatic
system that synthesizes conventional probability and negative probability is
constructed in the form of combined probability. In a mathematically rigorous
way, both theoretical concepts - combined probability and extended probability
- stretch conventional probability so that it can takes negative values. After
introducing axioms for combined probability, we study its properties, as well
as relations to extended probability and conventional probability.


title:
A Graphical Transformation for Belief Propagation: Maximum Weight
  Matchings and Odd-Sized Cycles

abstract:
  We study the Maximum Weight Matching (MWM) problem for general graphs through
the max-product Belief Propagation (BP) and related Linear Programming (LP).
The BP approach provides distributed heuristics for finding the Maximum A
Posteriori (MAP) assignment in a joint probability distribution represented by
a Graphical Model (GM) and respective LPs can be considered as continuous
relaxations of the discrete MAP problem. It was recently shown that a BP
algorithm converges to the correct MWM assignment under a simple GM formulation
of MAP/MWM as long as the corresponding LP relaxation is tight. First, under
the motivation for forcing the tightness condition, we consider a new GM
formulation of MWM, say C-GM, using non-intersecting odd-sized cycles in the
graph: the new corresponding LP relaxation, say C-LP, becomes tight for more
MWM instances. However, the tightness of C-LP now does not guarantee such
convergence and correctness of the new BP on C-GM. To address the issue, we
introduce a novel graph transformation applied to C-GM, which results in
another GM formulation of MWM, and prove that the respective BP on it converges
to the correct MAP/MWM assignment as long as C-LP is tight. Finally, we also
show that C-LP always has half-integral solutions, which leads to an efficient
BP-based MWM heuristic consisting of making sequential, `cutting plane',
modifications to the underlying GM. Our experiments show that this BP-based
cutting plane heuristic performs as well as that based on traditional LP
solvers.


title: Hidden Photons in connection to Dark Matter

abstract:
  Light extra U(1) gauge bosons, so called hidden photons, which reside in a
hidden sector have attracted much attention since they are a well motivated
feature of many scenarios beyond the Standard Model and furthermore could
mediate the interaction with hidden sector dark matter. We review limits on
hidden photons from past electron beam dump experiments including two new
limits from such experiments at KEK and Orsay. In addition, we study the
possibility of having dark matter in the hidden sector. A simple toy model and
different supersymmetric realisations are shown to provide viable dark matter
candidates in the hidden sector that are in agreement with recent direct
detection limits.


title:
An almost symmetric Strang splitting scheme for the construction of high
  order composition methods

abstract:
  In this paper we consider splitting methods for nonlinear ordinary
differential equations in which one of the (partial) flows that results from
the splitting procedure can not be computed exactly. Instead, we insert a
well-chosen state $y_{\star}$ into the corresponding nonlinearity $b(y)y$,
which results in a linear term $b(y_{\star})y$ whose exact flow can be
determined efficiently. Therefore, in the spirit of splitting methods, it is
still possible for the numerical simulation to satisfy certain properties of
the exact flow. However, Strang splitting is no longer symmetric (even though
it is still a second order method) and thus high order composition methods are
not easily attainable. We will show that an iterated Strang splitting scheme
can be constructed which yields a method that is symmetric up to a given order.
This method can then be used to attain high order composition schemes. We will
illustrate our theoretical results, up to order six, by conducting numerical
experiments for a charged particle in an inhomogeneous electric field, a
post-Newtonian computation in celestial mechanics, and a nonlinear population
model and show that the methods constructed yield superior efficiency as
compared to Strang splitting. For the first example we also perform a
comparison with the standard fourth order Runge--Kutta methods and find
significant gains in efficiency as well better conservation properties.


title: On the computation of the marginal likelihood

abstract:
  We describe briefly in this note a procedure for consistently estimating the
marginal likelihood of a statistical model through a sample from the posterior
distribution of the model parameters.