title: Thick simplices and quasi-categories

abstract:
  Thick simplices are the nerves of the contractible groupoids obtained by
inverting the arrows in the categories [n]. Using explicit expansions of
simplicial subsets of the thick simplices, we present a new approach to results
of Rezk and of Joyal and Tierney on quasi-categories and their associated Kan
complexes of quasi-invertible morphisms.


title: MT: a Mathematica package to compute convolutions

abstract:
  We introduce the \prog{Mathematica} package \prog{MT} which can be used to
compute, both analytically and numerically, convolutions involving harmonic
polylogarithms, polynomials or generalized functions. As applications
contributions to next-to-next-to-next-to leading order Higgs boson production
and the Drell-Yan process are discussed.


title: Quantum-information Division and an Optimal Uncorrelated Channel

abstract:
  We consider quantum-information division, which is characterized by a channel
whose outputs have no correlation and are not completely randomized. We show
that the quantum-information division is possible in a probabilistic manner by
optimizing the average fidelity in the channel with $M$ outputs in both
deterministic and probabilistic cases. Moreover, we show that the optimal
fidelities drastically change depending on the condition imposed on the outputs
(symmetric and asymmetric), which is quite in contrast to the case of imperfect
cloning.


title: Secret Key Cryptosystem based on Polar Codes over Binary Erasure Channel

abstract:
  This paper proposes an efficient secret key cryptosystem based on polar codes
over Binary Erasure Channel. We introduce a method, for the first time to our
knowledge, to hide the generator matrix of the polar codes from an attacker. In
fact, our main goal is to achieve secure and reliable communication using
finite-length polar codes. The proposed cryptosystem has a significant security
advantage against chosen plaintext attacks in comparison with the Rao-Nam
cryptosystem. Also, the key length is decreased after applying a new
compression algorithm. Moreover, this scheme benefits from high code rate and
proper error performance for reliable communication.


title:
O~{\small VI} absorption in the Milky Way along the Large Magellanic
  Cloud lines of sight

abstract:
  We have used \textit{Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE)}
observations of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) to determine the O {\small VI}
column densities in the Milky Way (MW) towards 6 LMC lines of sight. The mean
column density of O {\small VI} in the MW is found to be log N(O {\small
VI})=14.257$_{-0.084}^{+0.096}$. The results confirm the patchiness of O
{\small VI} absorption in the MW and the column densities are higher or
comparable to the LMC.


title: On hopfian cofinite subsemigroups

abstract:
  If a finitely generated semigroup S has a hopfian (meaning: every surjective
endomorphism is an automorphism) cofinite subsemigroup T then S is hopfian too.
This no longer holds if S is not finitely generated. There exists a finitely
generated hopfian semigroup S with a non-hopfian subsemigroup T such that S\T
has size 1.


title:
Performance Comparison of Reed Solomon Code and BCH Code over Rayleigh
  Fading Channel

abstract:
  Data transmission over a communication channel is prone to a number of
factors that can render the data unreliable or inconsistent by introducing
noise, crosstalk or various other disturbances. A mechanism has to be in place
that detects these anomalies in the received data and corrects it to get the
data back as it was meant to be sent by the sender. Over the years a number of
error detection and correction methodologies have been devised to send and
receive the data in a consistent and correct form. The best of these
methodologies ensure that the data is received correctly by the receiver in
minimum number of retransmissions. In this paper performance of Reed Solomon
Code (RS) and BCH Code is compared over Rayleigh fading channel.


title: Soft Gluon Radiation off Heavy Quarks beyond Eikonal Approximation

abstract:
  We calculate the soft gluon radiation spectrum off heavy quarks (HQs)
interacting with light quarks (LQs) beyond small angle scattering (eikon-
ality) approximation and thus generalize the dead-cone formula of heavy quarks
extensively used in the literatures of Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) phenomenology
to the large scattering angle regime which may be im- portant in the energy
loss of energetic heavy quarks in the deconfined Quark-Gluon Plasma medium. In
the proper limits, we reproduce all the relevant existing formulae for the
gluon radiation distribution off energetic quarks, heavy or light used in the
QGP phenomenology.


title: Quantization of n coupled scalar field theory

abstract:
  We study a model of n coupled scalar fields in Minkowski spacetime where all
masses degenerate, which is considered as a toy model of polycritical gravity
on AdS spacetime. We quantize this model within the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin
(BRST) scheme by introducing n Faddeev-Popov (FP) ghost fields. Extending a
BRST quartet generated by two scalars and two FP ghosts to n scalars and n FP
ghosts, there remains a physical subspace with positive norm for odd n, but
there exists only the vacuum for even n. This clearly shows a non-triviality of
odd-higher order derivative scalar field theories. This is helpful to
understand the truncation mechanism which is used to obtain a unitary conformal
field theory dual to linearized polycritical gravity. It turns out that the
truncation mechanism is nothing but a general quartet mechanism appeared when
introducing the FP ghost action.


title: When is an axisymmetric potential separable?

abstract:
  An axially symmetric potential psi(R,z)=psi(r,theta) is completely separable
if the ratio s:k is constant. Here r*s=d^2(r^2*psi)/dr/d(theta) and
k=d^2(psi)/dR/dz. If beta=s/k, then the potential admits an integral of the
form of I=(L^2+beta*v_z^2)/2+xi where xi is some function of positions
determined by the potential psi. More generally, an axially symmetric potential
respects the third axisymmetric integral of motion -- in addition to the
classical integrals of the Hamiltonian and the axial component of the angular
momentum -- if there exist three real constants a,b,c (not all simultaneously
zero, a^2+b^2+c^2>0) such that a*s+b*h+c*k=0 where
r*h=d^2(r*psi)/d(sigma)/d(tau) and (sigma,tau) is the parabolic coordinate in
the meridional plane such that sigma^2=r+z and tau^2=r-z.

categories: astro-ph.GA math-ph math.MP physics.class-ph


title: The history force on a small particle in a linearly stratified fluid

abstract:
  The hydrodynamic force experienced by a small spherical particle undergoing
an arbitrary time-dependent motion in a density-stratified fluid is
investigated theoretically. The study is carried out under the
Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation, and in the limit of small Reynolds and small
P\'eclet numbers. The force acting on the particle is obtained by using matched
asymptotic expansions in which the small parameter is given by a/l where a is
the particle radius and l is the stratification length defined by Ardekani &
Stocker (2010), which depends on the Brunt-Vaisala frequency, on the fluid
kinematic viscosity and on the thermal or the concentration diffusivity
(depending on the case considered). The matching procedure used here, which is
based on series expansions of generalized functions, slightly differs from that
generally used in similar problems. In addition to the classical Stokes drag,
it is found the particle experiences a memory force given by two convolution
products, one of which involves, as usual, the particle acceleration and the
other one, the particle velocity. Owing to the stratification, the transient
behaviour of this memory force, in response to an abrupt motion, consists of an
initial fast decrease followed by a damped oscillation with an
angular-frequency corresponding to the Brunt-Vaisala frequency. The
perturbation force eventually tends to a constant which provides us with
correction terms that should be added to the Stokes drag to accurately predict
the settling time of a particle in a diffusive stratified-fluid.


title: Symplectic fillings of lens spaces as Lefschetz fibrations

abstract:
  We construct a positive allowable Lefschetz fibration over the disk on any
minimal weak symplectic filling of the canonical contact structure on a lens
space. Using this construction we prove that any minimal symplectic filling of
the canonical contact structure on a lens space is obtained by a sequence of
rational blowdowns from the minimal resolution of the corresponding complex
two-dimensional cyclic quotient singularity.


title: Lagrangian alternative to QCD string

abstract:
  The spectrum of radially excited hadrons provides much information about the
confinement forces in QCD. The confinement is realized most naturally in terms
of the QCD string whose quantization gives rise to the radially excited modes.
We propose an alternative framework for the description of the excited
spectrum. Namely we put forward some effective field models in which the
hadrons acquire masses due to interaction with a scalar field modeling the
non-perturbative gluon vacuum. The effective potential for this field is
periodic with an infinite number of non-equivalent vacua. The radially excited
hadrons emerge as elementary excitations over different vacua. We construct
explicit examples for such effective theories in the meson sector. An
interesting byproduct of the considered models is the existence of a classical
field configuration in each vacuum. Depending on the model, it can represent a
domain wall, Nielsen-Olesen vortex or 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole. In the pure
scalar sector, it is shown that the first quantum correction leads to splitting
of the radially excited modes into two nearly degenerate states. Such a
phenomenon has some phenomenological support. The presented approach may be
also viewed as an alternative framework to the bottom-up AdS/QCD models where
the radial excitations appear on the classical level as well.


title:
A Novel Architecture For Question Classification Based Indexing Scheme
  For Efficient Question Answering

abstract:
  Question answering system can be seen as the next step in information
retrieval, allowing users to pose question in natural language and receive
compact answers. For the Question answering system to be successful, research
has shown that the correct classification of question with respect to the
expected answer type is requisite. We propose a novel architecture for question
classification and searching in the index, maintained on the basis of expected
answer types, for efficient question answering. The system uses the criteria
for Answer Relevance Score for finding the relevance of each answer returned by
the system. On analysis of the proposed system, it has been found that the
system has shown promising results than the existing systems based on question
classification.


title: Minimal surfaces in S^3: a survey of recent results

abstract:
  In this survey, we discuss various aspects of the minimal surface equation in
the three-sphere S^3. After recalling the basic definitions, we describe a
family of immersed minimal tori with rotational symmetry. We then review the
known examples of embedded minimal surfaces in S^3. Besides the equator and the
Clifford torus, these include the Lawson and Kapouleas-Yang examples, as well
as a new family of examples found recently by Choe and Soret. We next discuss
uniqueness theorems for minimal surfaces in S^3, such as the work of Almgren on
the genus 0 case, and our recent solution of Lawson's conjecture for embedded
minimal surfaces of genus 1. More generally, we show that any minimal surface
of genus 1 which is Alexandrov immersed must be rotationally symmetric. We also
discuss Urbano's estimate for the Morse index of an embedded minimal surface
and give an outline of the recent proof of the Willmore conjecture by Marques
and Neves. Finally, we describe estimates for the first eigenvalue of the
Laplacian on a minimal surface.


title:
Optimal Random Matchings, Tours, and Spanning Trees in Hierarchically
  Separated Trees

abstract:
  We derive tight bounds on the expected weights of several combinatorial
optimization problems for random point sets of size $n$ distributed among the
leaves of a balanced hierarchically separated tree. We consider {\it
monochromatic} and {\it bichromatic} versions of the minimum matching, minimum
spanning tree, and traveling salesman problems. We also present tight
concentration results for the monochromatic problems.


title: A matrix description for $K_1$ of graded rings

abstract:
  The current paper is dedicated to the study of the classical $K_1$ groups of
graded rings. Let $A$ be a $\Gamma$ graded ring with identity $1$, where the
grading $\Gamma$ is an abelian group. We associate a category with suspension
to the $\Gamma$ graded ring $A$. This allows us to construct the group valued
functor $K_1$ of graded rings. It will be denoted by $K_1^{gr}$. It is not only
an abelian group but also a $\mathbb Z[\Gamma]$-module. From the construction,
it follows that there exists "locally" a matrix description of $K_1^{gr}$ of
graded rings. The matrix description makes it possible to compute $K_1^{gr}$ of
various types of graded rings. The $K_1^{gr}$ satisfies the well known
$K$-theory exact sequence $$ K_{1}^{gr}(A,I)\to K_1^{gr}(A)\to K_1^{gr}(A/I) $$
for any graded ideal $I$ of $A$. The above is used to compute $K^{gr}_1$ of
cross products.


title: Google Scholar Metrics 2013: nothing new under the sun

abstract:
  Main characteristics of Google Scholar Metrics new version (july 2013) are
presented. We outline the novelties and the weaknesses detected after a first
analysis. As main conclusion, we remark the lack of new functionalities with
respect to last editions, as the only modification is the update of the
timeframe (2008-2012). Hence, problems pointed out in our last reviews still
remain active. Finally, it seems Google Scholar Metrics will be updated in a
yearly basis


title: Drazin spectra of Banach space operators and Banach algebra elements

abstract:
  Given a Banach Algebra $A$ and $a\in A$, several relations among the Drazin
spectrum of $a$ and the Drazin spectra of the multiplication operators $L_a$
and $R_a$ will be stated. The Banach space operator case will be also examined.
Furthermore, a characterization of the Drazin spectrum will be considered.


title:
Doping-dependent band structure of LaAlO$_{3}$/SrTiO$_{3}$ interfaces by
  soft x-ray polarization-controlled resonant angle-resolved photoemission

abstract:
  Polarization-controlled synchrotron radiation was used to map the electronic
structure of buried conducting interfaces of LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ in a resonant
angle-resolved photoemission experiment. A strong dependence on the light
polarization of the Fermi surface and band dispersions is demonstrated,
highlighting the distinct Ti 3d orbitals involved in 2D conduction. Samples
with different 2D doping levels were prepared and measured by photoemission,
revealing different band occupancies and Fermi surface shapes. A direct
comparison between the photoemission measurements and advanced first-principle
calculations carried out for different 3d-band fillings is presented in
conjunction with the 2D carrier concentration obtained from transport
measurements.


title: Coloring 2-intersecting hypergraphs

abstract:
  A hypergraph is 2-intersecting if any two edges intersect in at least two
vertices. Blais, Weinstein and Yoshida asked (as a first step to a more general
problem) whether every 2-intersecting hypergraph has a vertex coloring with a
constant number of colors so that each hyperedge e has at least min{|e|,3}
colors. We show that there is such a coloring with at most 5 colors (which is
best possible).


title:
Exploration of the momentum of ferroelectric domain walls via molecular
  dynamics simulations

abstract:
  The motion of ferroelectric domain walls (DW) is critical for various
technological applications of ferroelectric materials. One important question
that is of interest both scientifically and technologically is whether the
ferroelectric DW has momentum. To address this problem, we performed canonical
ensemble molecular dynamics simulations of 180$^\circ$ and 90$^\circ$ DWs under
applied electric field. Examination of the evolution of the polarization and
local structure of DWs reveals that they stop moving after the removal of
electric field. Thus, our computational study shows that ferroelectric domain
walls do not have momentum.


title:
Tests of the Lorentz and CPT Symmetries at the Planck Energy Scale with
  X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Observations

abstract:
  X-ray and gamma-ray observations of astrophysical objects at cosmological
distances can be used to probe the energy dependence of the speed of light with
high accuracy and to search for violations of Lorentz invariance and CPT
symmetry at the Planck energy scale. In this conference contribution, we
discuss these searches in the theoretical framework of the Standard-Model
Extension. We present new limits on the dispersion relation governed by
operators of mass dimension d=5 and d=6, and we discuss avenues for future
progress.


title:
Buffer-overflows: joint limit laws of undershoots and overshoots of
  reflected processes

abstract:
  Let $\tau(x)$ be the epoch of first entry into the interval $(x,\infty)$,
$x>0$, of the reflected process $Y$ of a L\'evy process $X$, and define the
overshoot $Z(x) = Y(\tau(x))-x$ and undershoot $z(x) = x - Y(\tau(x)-)$ of $Y$
at the first-passage time over the level $x$. In this paper we establish,
separately under the Cram\'{e}r and positive drift assumptions, the existence
of the weak limit of $(z(x), Z(x))$ as $x$ tends to infinity and provide
explicit formulae for their joint CDFs in terms of the L\'{e}vy measure of $X$
and the renewal measure of the dual of $X$. We apply our results to analyse the
behaviour of the classical M/G/1 queueing system at the buffer-overflow, both
in a stable and unstable case.


title: Spin glass approach to the feedback vertex set problem

abstract:
  A feedback vertex set (FVS) of an undirected graph is a set of vertices that
contains at least one vertex of each cycle of the graph. The feedback vertex
set problem consists of constructing a FVS of size less than a certain given
value. This combinatorial optimization problem has many practical applications,
but it is in the nondeterministic polynomial-complete class of worst-case
computational complexity. In this paper we define a spin glass model for the
FVS problem and then study this model on the ensemble of finite-connectivity
random graphs. In our model the global cycle constraints are represented
through the local constraints on all the edges of the graph, and they are then
treated by distributed message-passing procedures such as belief propagation.
Our belief propagation-guided decimation algorithm can construct nearly optimal
feedback vertex sets for single random graph instances and regular lattices. We
also design a spin glass model for the FVS problem on a directed graph. Our
work will be very useful for identifying the set of vertices that contribute
most significantly to the dynamical complexity of a large networked system.


title:
Symmetry of components, Liouville-type theorems and classification
  results for some nonlinear elliptic systems

abstract:
  We prove the symmetry of components and some Liouville-type theorems for,
possibly sign changing, entire distributional solutions to a family of
nonlinear elliptic systems encompassing models arising in Bose-Einstein
condensation and in nonlinear optics. For these models we also provide precise
classification results for non-negative solutions. The sharpness of our results
is also discussed.


title:
Phase-space interference of states optically truncated by quantum
  scissors: Generation of distinct superpositions of qudit coherent states by
  displacement of vacuum

abstract:
  Conventional Glauber coherent states (CS) can be defined in several
equivalent ways, e.g., by displacing the vacuum or, explicitly, by their
infinite Poissonian expansion in Fock states. It is well known that these
definitions become inequivalent if applied to finite $d$-level systems
(qudits). We present a comparative Wigner-function description of the qudit CS
defined (i) by the action of the truncated displacement operator on the vacuum
and (ii) by the Poissonian expansion in Fock states of the Glauber CS truncated
at $(d-1)$-photon Fock state. These states can be generated from a classical
light by its optical truncation using nonlinear and linear quantum scissors
devices, respectively. We show a surprising effect that a macroscopically
distinguishable superposition of two qudit CS (according to both definitions)
can be generated with high fidelity by displacing the vacuum in the qudit
Hilbert space. If the qudit dimension $d$ is even (odd) then the superposition
state contains Fock states with only odd (even) photon numbers, which can be
referred to as the odd (even) qudit CS or the female (male) Schr\"odinger cat
state. This phenomenon can be interpreted as an interference of a single CS
with its reflection from the highest-energy Fock state of the Hilbert space, as
clearly seen via phase-space interference of the Wigner function. We also
analyze nonclassical properties of the qudit CS including their photon-number
statistics and nonclassical volume of the Wigner function, which is a
quantitative parameter of nonclassicality (quantumness) of states. Finally, we
study optical tomograms, which can be directly measured in the homodyne
detection of the analyzed qudit cat states and enable the complete
reconstructions of their Wigner functions.


title: Chern--Simons Vortices in the Gudnason Model

abstract:
  We present a series of existence theorems for multiple vortex solutions in
the Gudnason model of the ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric field theory where
non-Abelian gauge fields are governed by the pure Chern--Simons dynamics at
dual levels and realized as the solutions of a system of elliptic equations
with exponential nonlinearity over two-dimensional domains. In the full plane
situation, our method utilizes a minimization approach, and in the doubly
periodic situation, we employ an-inequality constrained minimization approach.
In the latter case, we also obtain sufficient conditions under which we show
that there exist at least two gauge-distinct solutions for any prescribed
distribution of vortices. In other words, there are distinct solutions with
identical vortex distribution, energy, and electric and magnetic charges.


title: Interfacial Phenomena of Solvent-diluted Block Copolymers

abstract:
  A phenomenological mean-field theory is used to investigate the properties of
solvent-diluted di-block copolymers (BCP), in which the two BCP components (A
and B) form a variety of phases that are diluted by a solvent (S). Using this
approach, we model mixtures of di-block copolymers and a solvent and obtained
the corresponding critical behavior. In the low solvent limit, we find how the
critical point depends on the solvent density. Due to the non-linear nature of
the coupling between the A/B and BCP/solvent concentrations, the A/B modulation
induces modulations in the polymer-solvent relative concentration with a double
wavenumber. The free boundary separating the polymer-rich phase from the
solvent-rich one is studied in two situations. First, we show how the presence
of a chemically patterned substrate leads to deformations of the BCP
film/solvent interface, creation of terraces in lamellar BCP film and even
formation of multi-domain droplets as induced by the patterned substrate. Our
results are in agreement with previous self-consistent field theory
calculations. Second, we compare the surface tension between parallel lamellae
coexisting with a solvent phase with that of a perpendicular one, and show that
the surface tension has a non-monotonic dependence on temperature. The
anisotropic surface tension can lead to deformation of spherical BCP droplets
into lens-shaped ones, together with re-orientation of the lamellae inside the
droplet during the polymer/solvent phase separation process in agreement with
experiment.


title: Dark matter and generation of galactic magnetic fields

abstract:
  A new scenario for creation of galactic magnetic fields is proposed which is
operative at the cosmological epoch of the galaxy formation, and which relies
on unconventional properties of dark matter. Namely, it requires existence of
feeble but long range interaction between the dark matter particles and
electrons. In particular, millicharged dark matter particles or mirror
particles with the photon kinetic mixing to the usual photon can be considered.
We show that in rotating protogalaxies circular electric currents can be
generated by the interactions of free electrons with dark matter particles in
the halo, while the impact of such interactions on galactic protons is
considerably weaker. The induced currents may be strong enough to create the
observed magnetic fields on the galaxy scales with the help of moderate dynamo
amplification. In addition, the angular momentum transfer from the rotating gas
to dark matter component could change the dark matter profile and formation of
cusps at galactic centers would be inhibited. The global motion of the ionized
gas could produce sufficiently large magnetic fields also in filaments and
galaxy clusters.


title: Components of moduli spaces of spin curves with the expected codimension

abstract:
  We prove a conjecture of Gavril Farkas claiming that for all integers r \geq
2 and g \geq \binom{r+2}{2} there exists a component of the locus
\mathcal{S}^r_g of spin curves with a theta characteristic L such that h^0(L)
\geq r+1 and h^0(L)\equiv r+1 (mod 2) which has codimension \binom{r+1}{2}
inside the moduli space \mathcal{S}_g of spin curves of genus g.


title: Standard Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis after Planck

abstract:
  Primordial or Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) is one of the three historical
strong evidences for the Big-Bang model together with the expansion of the
Universe and the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation (CMB). The recent
results by the Planck mission have slightly changed the estimate of the
baryonic density Omega_b, compared to the previous WMAP value. This article
updates the BBN predictions for the light elements using the new value of
Omega_b determined by Planck, as well as an improvement of the nuclear network
and new spectroscopic observations. While there is no major modification, the
error bars of the primordial D/H abundance (2.67+/-0.09) x 10^{-5} are narrower
and there is a slight lowering of the primordial Li/H abundance
(4.89^+0.41_-0.39) x 10^{-10}. However, this last value is still ~3 times
larger than its observed spectroscopic abundance in halo stars of the Galaxy.
Primordial Helium abundance is now determined to be Y_p = 0.2463+/-0.0003.


title: Relativity on two-dimensional spacetimes

abstract:
  Lorentz transformation on two-dimensional spacetime is obtained without
assumption of linearity. To obtain this, we use the invariance of wave
equations, which is recently proved to be equivalent to the causality
preservation.


title:
Nonlinear stability of source defects in the complex Ginzburg-Landau
  equation

abstract:
  In an appropriate moving coordinate frame, source defects are time-periodic
solutions to reaction-diffusion equations that are spatially asymptotic to
spatially periodic wave trains whose group velocities point away from the core
of the defect. In this paper, we rigorously establish nonlinear stability of
spectrally stable source defects in the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation. Due
to the outward transport at the far field, localized perturbations may lead to
a highly non-localized response even on the linear level. To overcome this, we
first investigate in detail the dynamics of the solution to the linearized
equation. This allows us to determine an approximate solution that satisfies
the full equation up to and including quadratic terms in the nonlinearity. This
approximation utilizes the fact that the non-localized phase response,
resulting from the embedded zero eigenvalues, can be captured, to leading
order, by the nonlinear Burgers equation. The analysis is completed by
obtaining detailed estimates for the resolvent kernel and pointwise estimates
for the Green's function, which allow one to close a nonlinear iteration
scheme.


title: Simplifying proofs of linearisability using layers of abstraction

abstract:
  Linearisability has become the standard correctness criterion for concurrent
data structures, ensuring that every history of invocations and responses of
concurrent operations has a matching sequential history. Existing proofs of
linearisability require one to identify so-called linearisation points within
the operations under consideration, which are atomic statements whose execution
causes the effect of an operation to be felt. However, identification of
linearisation points is a non-trivial task, requiring a high degree of
expertise. For sophisticated algorithms such as Heller et al's lazy set, it
even is possible for an operation to be linearised by the concurrent execution
of a statement outside the operation being verified. This paper proposes an
alternative method for verifying linearisability that does not require
identification of linearisation points. Instead, using an interval-based logic,
we show that every behaviour of each concrete operation over any interval is a
possible behaviour of a corresponding abstraction that executes with
coarse-grained atomicity. This approach is applied to Heller et al's lazy set
to show that verification of linearisability is possible without having to
consider linearisation points within the program code.


title:
Investigation of systematic effects in Kepler data: Seasonal variations
  in the light curve of HAT-P-7b

abstract:
  With years of Kepler data currently available, it can now be attempted to
measure variations in planetary transit depths over time. To do so, it is of
primary importance to understand which systematic effects may affect the
measurement of transits. We aim to measure the stability of Kepler measurements
over years of observations. We present a study of the depth of about 500
transit events of the Hot Jupiter HAT-P-7b, using 14 quarters (Q0-Q13) of data
from the Kepler Satellite. We find a systematic variation in the depth of the
primary transit, related to quarters of data and recurring yearly. These
seasonal variations are about 1%. Within seasons, we find no evidence for
trends. We speculate that the cause of the seasonal variations could be unknown
field crowding or instrumental artifacts. Our results show that care must be
taken when combining transits throughout different quarters of Kepler data.
Measuring the relative planetary radius of HAT-P-7b without taking these
systematic effects into account leads to unrealistically low error estimates.
This effect could be present in all Kepler targets. If so, relative radius
measurements of all Hot Jupiters to a precision much better than 1% are
unrealistic.


title:
From variable density sampling to continuous sampling using Markov
  chains

abstract:
  Since its discovery over the last decade, Compressed Sensing (CS) has been
successfully applied to Magnetic Reso- nance Imaging (MRI). It has been shown
to be a powerful way to reduce scanning time without sacrificing image quality.
MR images are actually strongly compressible in a wavelet basis, the latter
being largely incoherent with the k-space or spatial Fourier domain where
acquisition is performed. Nevertheless, since its first application to MRI [1],
the theoretical justification of actual k-space sampling strategies is
questionable. Indeed, the vast majority of k-space sampling distributions have
been heuris- tically designed (e.g., variable density) or driven by
experimental feasibility considerations (e.g., random radial or spiral sampling
to achieve smoothness k-space trajectory). In this paper, we try to reconcile
very recent CS results with the MRI specificities (mag- netic field gradients)
by enforcing the measurements, i.e. samples of k-space, to fit continuous
trajectories. To this end, we propose random walk continuous sampling based on
Markov chains and we compare the reconstruction quality of this scheme to the
state- of-the art.


title:
NuGrid stellar data set I. Stellar yields from H to Bi for stars with
  metallicities Z = 0.02 and Z = 0.01

abstract:
  We provide a set of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis calculations that
applies established physics assumptions simultaneously to low- and
intermediate-mass and massive star models. Our goal is to provide an internally
consistent and comprehensive nuclear production and yield data base for
applications in areas such as pre-solar grain studies. Our non-rotating models
assume convective boundary mixing where it has been adopted before. We include
8 (12) initial masses for $Z = 0.01$ ($0.02$). Models are followed either until
the end of the asymptotic giant branch phase or the end of Si burning,
complemented by a simple analytic core-collapse supernova models with two
options for fallback and shock velocities. The explosions show which
pre-supernova yields will most strongly be effected by the explosive
nucleosynthesis. We discuss how these two explosion parameters impacts the
light elements and the $s$ and $p$ process. For low- and intermediate-mass
models our stellar yields from H to Bi include the effect of convective
boundary mixing at the He-intershell boundaries and the stellar evolution
feedback of the mixing process that produces the $^{13}$C pocket. All
post-processing nucleosynthesis calculations use the same nuclear reaction rate
network and nuclear physics input. We provide a discussion of the nuclear
production across the entire mass range organized by element group. All our
stellar nucleosynthesis profile and time evolution output is available
electronically, and tools to explore the data on the NuGrid VOspace hosted by
the Canadian Astronomical Data Centre are introduced.


title: Reduced egomotion estimation drift using omnidirectional views

abstract:
  Estimation of camera motion from a given image sequence becomes degraded as
the length of the sequence increases. In this letter, this phenomenon is
demonstrated and an approach to increase the estimation accuracy is proposed.
The proposed method uses an omnidirectional camera in addition to the
perspective one and takes advantage of its enlarged view by exploiting the
correspondences between the omnidirectional and perspective images. Simulated
and real image experiments show that the proposed approach improves the
estimation accuracy.


title:
Asymmetrical free diffusion with orientation-dependence of molecules in
  finite timescales

abstract:
  Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that free diffusion of a
nanoscale particle (molecule) with asymmetric structure critically depends on
the orientation in a finite timescale of picoseconds to nanoseconds. In a
timescale of ~100 ps, there are ~10% more possibilities for the particle moving
along the initial orientation than moving opposite to the orientation; and the
diffusion distances of the particle reach ~1 nm. We find that the key to this
observation is the orientation-dependence of the damping force to the moving of
the nanoscale particle and a finite time is required to regulate the particle
orientation. This finding extends the work of Einstein to nano-world beyond
random Brownian motion, thus will have a critical role in the understanding of
the nanoscale world.


title: Persistent currents in Dirac fermion rings

abstract:
  The persistent current in strictly one-dimensional Dirac systems is
investigated within two different models, defined in the continuum and on a
lattice, respectively. The object of the study is the effect of a single
magnetic or nonmagnetic impurity in the two systems. In the continuum Dirac
model, an analytical expression for the persistent current flowing along a ring
with a single delta-like magnetic impurity is obtained after regularization of
the unbounded negative energy states. The predicted decay of the persistent
agrees with the lattice simulations. The results are generalized to finite
temperatures. To realize a single Dirac massless fermion, the lattice model
breaks the time-reversal symmetry, and, in contrast with the continuum model, a
pointlike nonmagnetic impurity can lead to a decay in the persistent current.


title:
Microwave Negative Bursts as Indications of Reconnection between
  Eruptive Filaments and Large-Scale Coronal Magnetic Environment

abstract:
  Low-temperature plasma ejected in solar eruptions can screen active regions
as well as quiet solar areas. Absorption phenomena can be observed in
microwaves as 'negative bursts' and in different spectral domains. We analyze
two very different recent events with such phenomena and present an updated
systematic view of solar events associated with negative bursts. Related
filament eruptions can be normal, without essential changes of shape and
magnetic configuration, and 'anomalous'. The latter are characterized by
disintegration of an eruptive filament and dispersal of its remnants as a cloud
over a large part of solar disk. Such phenomena can be observed as giant
depressions in the He II 304 A line. One of possible scenarios for an anomalous
eruption is proposed in terms of reconnection of filament's internal magnetic
fields with external large-scale coronal surrounding.


title: Construction of Rota-Baxter algebras via Hopf module algebras

abstract:
  We propose the notion of Hopf module algebras and show that the projection
onto the subspace of coinvariants is an idempotent Rota-Baxter operator of
weight -1. We also provide a construction of Hopf module algebras by using
Yetter-Drinfeld module algebras. As an application, we prove that the positive
part of a quantum group admits idempotent Rota-Baxter algebra structures.


title:
NuSTAR detection of hard X-ray phase lags from the accreting pulsar GS
  0834-430

abstract:
  The NuSTAR hard X-ray telescope observed the transient Be/X-ray binary GS
0834-430 during its 2012 outburst - the first active state of this system
observed in the past 19 years. We performed timing and spectral analysis, and
measured the X-ray spectrum between 3-79keV with high statistical significance.
We find the phase-averaged spectrum to be consistent with that observed in many
other magnetized accreting pulsars. We fail to detect cyclotron resonance
scattering features that would allow us to constrain the pulsar's magnetic
field in either phase-averaged or phase-resolved spectra. Timing analysis shows
a clearly detected pulse period of ~12.29s in all energy bands. The pulse
profiles show a strong, energy-dependent hard phase lag of up to 0.3 cycles in
phase, or about 4s. Such dramatic energy-dependent lags in the pulse profile
have never before been reported in high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) pulsars.
Previously reported lags have been significantly smaller in phase and
restricted to low-energies (E<10keV). We investigate the possible mechanisms
that might produce this energy-dependent pulse phase shift. We find the most
likely explanation for this effect to be a complex beam geometry.


title: Non-local massive gravity

abstract:
  We present a general covariant action for massive gravity merging together a
class of "non-polynomial" and super-renormalizable or finite theories of
gravity with the non-local theory of gravity recently proposed by Jaccard,
Maggiore and Mitsou (Phys. Rev. D 88 (2013) 044033). Our diffeomorphism
invariant action gives rise to the equations of motion appearing in non-local
massive massive gravity plus quadratic curvature terms. Not only the massive
graviton propagator reduces smoothly to the massless one without a vDVZ
discontinuity, but also our finite theory of gravity is unitary at tree level
around the Minkowski background. We also show that, as long as the graviton
mass $m$ is much smaller the today's Hubble parameter $H_0$, a late-time cosmic
acceleration can be realized without a dark energy component due to the growth
of a scalar degree of freedom. In the presence of the cosmological constant
$\Lambda$, the dominance of the non-local mass term leads to a kind of
"degravitation" for $\Lambda$ at the late cosmological epoch.


title:
The Swift Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients Project: a review, new
  results, and future perspectives

abstract:
  We present a review of the Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients (SFXT) Project, a
systematic investigation of the properties of SFXTs with a strategy that
combines Swift monitoring programs with outburst follow-up observations. This
strategy has quickly tripled the available sets of broad-band data of SFXT
outbursts, and gathered a wealth of out-of-outburst data, which have led us to
a broad-band spectral characterization, an assessment of the fraction of the
time these sources spend in each phase, and their duty cycle of inactivity. We
present some new observational results obtained through our outburst
follow-ups, as fitting examples of the exceptional capabilities of Swift in
catching bright flares and monitor them panchromatically.


title:
Implementation of standard quantum error correction codes for
  solid-state qubits

abstract:
  In quantum error-correcting code (QECC), many quantum operations and
measurements are necessary to correct errors in logical qubits. In the
stabilizer formalism, which is widely used in QECC, generators $G_i (i=1,2,..)$
consist of multiples of Pauli matrices and perform encoding, decoding and
measurement. In order to maintain encoding states, the stabilizer Hamiltonian
$H_{\rm stab}=-\sum_i G_i$ is suitable because its ground state corresponds to
the code space. On the other hand, Hamiltonians of most solid-state qubits have
two-body interactions and show their own dynamics. In addition solid-state
qubits are fixed on substrate and qubit-qubit operation is restricted in their
neighborhood. The main purpose of this paper is to show how to directly
generate the stabilizer Hamiltonian $H_{\rm stab}$ from conventional two-body
Hamiltonians with Ising interaction and XY interaction by applying a pulse
control method such as an NMR technique. We show that generation times of
$H_{\rm stab}$ for nine-qubit code, five-qubit code and Steane code are
estimated to be less than 300 ns when typical experimental data of
superconducting qubits are used, and sufficient pulse control is assumed. We
also show how to prepare encoded states from an initial state $|0....0>$. In
addition, we discuss an appropriate arrangement of two- or three-dimensional
arrayed qubits.


title:
Adsorption structure determination of a large polyaromatic trithiolate
  on Cu(111): combination of LEED-I(V) and DFT-vdW

abstract:
  The adsorption geometry of 1,3,5-tris(4-mercaptophenyl)benzene (TMB) on
Cu(111) is determined with high precision using two independent methods,
experimentally by quantitative low energy electron diffraction (LEED-I(V)) and
theoretically by dispersion corrected density functional theory (DFT-vdW).
Structural refinement using both methods consistently results in similar
adsorption sites and geometries. Thereby a level of confidence is reached that
allows deduction of subtle structural details such as molecular deformations or
relaxations of copper substrate atoms.


title:
Electron-phonon coupling in cuprate and iron-based superconductors
  revealed by Raman scattering

abstract:
  Electron-phonon coupling (EPC) is one of the most common and fundamental
interactions in solids. It not only dominates many basic dynamic processes like
resistivity, thermal conductivity etc, but also provides the pairing glue in
conventional superconductors. But in high-temperature superconductors (HTSC),
it is still controversial whether or not EPC is in favor of paring. Despite the
controversies, many experiments have provided clear evidence for EPC in HTSC.
In this paper, we briefly review EPC in cuprate and iron-based superconducting
systems revealed by Raman scattering. We introduce how to extract the coupling
information through phonon lineshape. Then we discuss the strength of EPC in
different HTSC systems and possible factors affecting the strength. The
comparative study between Raman phonon theories and experiments allows us to
gain insight into some crucial electronic properties, especially
superconductivity. Finally we summarize and compare EPC in the two existing
HTSC systems, and discuss what role it may play in HTSC.


title: Dense nucleonic matter and the renormalization group

abstract:
  Fluctuations are included in a chiral nucleon-meson model within the
framework of the functional renormalization group. The model, with parameters
fitted to reproduce the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition, is used to study
the phase diagram of QCD. We find good agreement with results from chiral
effective field theory. Moreover, the results show a separation of the chemical
freeze-out line and chiral symmetry restoration at large baryon chemical
potentials.


title:
Network Topologies of Financial Market During the Global Financial
  Crisis

abstract:
  We consider the effects of the global financial crisis through a local Korean
financial market around the 2008 crisis. We analyze 185 individual stock prices
belonging to the KOSPI (Korea Composite Stock Price Index), cosidering three
time periods: the time before, during, and after the crisis. The complex
networks generate from the fully connected correlation network by using the
cross-correlation coefficients among the stock price time series of the
companies. We generate the threshold networks (TN), the minimal spanning tees
(MST), and the hierarchical network (HN) from the fully connected
cross-correlation networks. By assigning a threshold value of the
cross-correlation coefficient, we obtain the threshold networks. We observe the
power law of the degree distribution in the limited range of the threshold. The
degree distribution of the largest cluster in the threshold networks during the
crisis is fatter than other periods. The clustering coefficient of the
threshold networks follows the power law in the scaling range. We also generate
the minimal spanning trees from the fully connected correlation networks. The
MST during the crisis period shrinks in comparison to the periods before and
after the crisis. The cophenetic correlation coefficient increases during the
crisis, indicating that the hierarchical structure increases during this
period. When the crisis hit the market, the companies behave synchronously and
their correlations become stronger than the normal period.


title: LogMin: A Model For Call Log Mining In Mobile Devices

abstract:
  In today's instant communication era, mobile phones play an important role in
the efficient communication with respect to both individual and official
communication strata. With the drastic explosion in the quantity of calls
received and made, there is a need for analyses of patterns in these call logs
to assist the user of the mobile device in the optimal utilization. This paper
proposes a model termed "LogMin" (Log Mining of Calls in Mobile devices) which
is aimed towards mining of call log in mobile phones to discover patterns and
keep the user informed about the trends in the log. The logging of calls would
facilitate the user to get an insight into patterns based on the six different
parameters identified by the proposed LogMin model. The proposed model is
validated with a prototype implementation in the Android platform and various
experiments were conducted on it. The results of the experiments in the LogMin
Android implementation validate the efficiency of the proposed model with
respect to user's relevancy metric which is computed as 96.52%.


title:
Performance study and simulation of an anycast protocol for wireless
  mobile ad hoc networks

abstract:
  This paper conducts a detailed simulation study of stateless anycast routing
in a mobile wireless ad hoc network. The model covers all the fundamental
aspects of such networks with a routing mechanism using a scheme of
orientation-dependent inter-node communication links. The simulation system
Winsim is used which explicitly represents parallelism of events and processes
in the network. The purpose of these simulations is to investigate the effect
of node s maximum speed, and different TTL over the network performance under
two different scenarios. Simulation study investigates five practically
important performance metrics of a wireless mobile ad hoc network and shows the
dependence of this metrics on the transmission radius, link availability, and
maximal possible node speed.


title:
Gibbs and Helmholtz energies of formation of sI clathrate hydrates from
  CO$_2$, CH$_4$ and water

abstract:
  We determine thermodynamic stability conditions in terms of Helmholtz and
Gibbs energies for sI clathrate hydrates with CH$_4$ and CO$_2$ at 278 K.
Helmholtz energies are relevant for processing from porous rocks (constant
volume), while Gibbs energies are relevant for processing from layers on the
ocean floor (constant pressure). We define three steps leading to hydrate
formation, and find Helmholtz energy differences from molecular simulations for
two of them using grand-canonical Monte Carlo simulations at constant
temperature and volume; while the third step was calculated from literature
data. The Gibbs energy change for the same steps are also determined. From the
variations in the total Helmholtz and Gibbs energies we suggest thermodynamic
paths for exchange of CH$_4$ by CO$_2$ in the isothermal hydrate, for constant
volume or pressure, respectively. We show how these paths for the mixed hydrate
can be understood from single-component occupancy isotherms, where CO$_2$, but
not CH$_4$, can distinguish between large and small cages. The strong
preference for CH$_4$ for a range of compositions can be explained by these.


title: Numerical modeling of the wind flow over a transverse dune

abstract:
  Transverse dunes, which form under unidirectional winds and have fixed
profile in the direction perpendicular to the wind, occur on all celestial
objects of our solar system where dunes have been detected. Here we perform a
numerical study of the average turbulent wind flow over a transverse dune by
means of computational fluid dynamics simulations. We find that the length of
the zone of recirculating flow at the dune lee --- the {\em{separation bubble}}
--- displays a surprisingly strong dependence on the wind shear velocity,
$u_{\ast}$: it is nearly independent of $u_{\ast}$ for shear velocities within
the range between $0.2\,$m$$s and $0.8\,$m$$s but increases linearly with
$u_{\ast}$ for larger shear velocities. Our calculations show that transport in
the direction opposite to dune migration within the separation bubble can be
sustained if $u_{\ast}$ is larger than approximately $0.39\,$m$$s, whereas a
larger value of $u_{\ast}$ (about $0.49\,$m$$s) is required to initiate this
reverse transport.


title:
Towards a Better Understanding of Multi-User Cooperation: A Tradeoff
  between Transmission Reliability and Rate

abstract:
  This paper provides a review of recent advances in multi-user cooperative
data transmission. The focus is on the inherent trade-off between achievable
throughput and reliability of cooperative transmission. Research has shown that
under a fixed transmit energy budget, increased cooperation doesn't necessarily
lead to increased reliability. In fact, careful cooperation partner selection
and power allocation is needed in order to fully exploit the benefits of
cooperative transmission. Furthermore, depending on the multi-media content,
different cooperation strategies may need to be considered.


title: Machine-Readable Privacy Certificates for Services

abstract:
  Privacy-aware processing of personal data on the web of services requires
managing a number of issues arising both from the technical and the legal
domain. Several approaches have been proposed to matching privacy requirements
(on the clients side) and privacy guarantees (on the service provider side).
Still, the assurance of effective data protection (when possible) relies on
substantial human effort and exposes organizations to significant
(non-)compliance risks. In this paper we put forward the idea that a privacy
certification scheme producing and managing machine-readable artifacts in the
form of privacy certificates can play an important role towards the solution of
this problem. Digital privacy certificates represent the reasons why a privacy
property holds for a service and describe the privacy measures supporting it.
Also, privacy certificates can be used to automatically select services whose
certificates match the client policies (privacy requirements).
  Our proposal relies on an evolution of the conceptual model developed in the
Assert4Soa project and on a certificate format specifically tailored to
represent privacy properties. To validate our approach, we present a worked-out
instance showing how privacy property Retention-based unlinkability can be
certified for a banking financial service.


title: Nanoroughened plasmonic films for enhanced biosensing detection

abstract:
  Although fluorescence is the prevailing labeling technique in biosensing
applications, sensitivity improvement is still a striving challenge. We show
that coating standard microscope slides with nanoroughened silver films
provides a high fluorescence signal enhancement due to plasmonic interactions.
As a proof of concept, we applied these films with tailored plasmonic
properties to DNA microarrays. Using common optical scanning devices, we
achieved signal amplifications by more than 40-fold.


title:
Distributed Blind Calibration via Output Synchronization in Lossy Sensor
  Networks

abstract:
  In this paper a novel distributed algorithm for blind macro calibration in
sensor networks based on output synchronization is proposed. The algorithm is
formulated as a set of gradient-type recursions for estimating parameters of
sensor calibration functions, starting from local criteria defined as weighted
sums of mean square differences between the outputs of neighboring sensors. It
is proved, on the basis of an originally developed methodology for treating
higher-order consensus (or output synchronization) schemes, that the algorithm
achieves asymptotic agreement for sensor gains and offsets, in the mean square
sense and with probability one. In the case of additive measurement noise,
additive inter-agent communication noise, and communication outages, a
modification of the original algorithm based on instrumental variables is
proposed. It is proved using stochastic approximation arguments that the
modified algorithm achieves asymptotic consensus for sensor gains and offsets,
in the mean square sense and with probability one. Special attention is paid to
the situation when a subset of sensors in the network remains with fixed
characteristics. Illustrative simulation examples are provided.


title:
Blueshift of the surface plasmon resonance in silver nanoparticles:
  substrate effects

abstract:
  We study the blueshift of the surface plasmon (SP) resonance energy of
isolated Ag nanoparticles with decreasing particle diameter, which we recently
measured using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). As the particle
diameter decreases from 26 down to 3.5 nm, a large blueshift of 0.5 eV of the
SP resonance energy is observed. In this paper, we base our theoretical
interpretation of our experimental findings on the nonlocal hydrodynamic model,
and compare the effect of the substrate on the SP resonance energy to the
approach of an effective homogeneous background permittivity. We derive the
nonlocal polarizability of a small metal sphere embedded in a homogeneous
dielectric environment, leading to the nonlocal generalization of the classical
Clausius-Mossotti factor. We also present an exact formalism based on multipole
expansions and scattering matrices to determine the optical response of a metal
sphere on a dielectric substrate of finite thickness, taking into account
retardation and nonlocal effects. We find that the substrate-based calculations
show a similar-sized blueshift as calculations based on a sphere in a
homogeneous environment, and that they both agree qualitatively with the EELS
measurements.


title:
Bayesian analysis of radial velocity data of GJ667C with correlated
  noise: evidence for only 2 planets

abstract:
  GJ667C is the least massive component of a triple star system which lies at a
distance of about 6.8 pc (22.1 light-years) from Earth. GJ667C has received
much attention recently due to the claims that it hosts up to seven planets
including three super-Earths inside the habitable zone. We present a Bayesian
technique for the analysis of radial velocity (RV) data-sets in the presence of
correlated noise component ("red noise"), with unknown parameters. We also
introduce hyper-parameters in our model in order to deal statistically with
under or over-estimated error bars on measured RVs as well as inconsistencies
between different data-sets. By applying this method to the RV data-set of
GJ667C, we show that this data-set contains a significant correlated (red)
noise component with correlation timescale for HARPS data of order 9 days. Our
analysis shows that the data only provides strong evidence for the presence of
two planets: GJ667Cb and c with periods 7.19d and 28.13d respectively, with
some hints towards the presence of a third signal with period 91d. The
planetary nature of this third signal is not clear and additional RV
observations are required for its confirmation. Previous claims of the
detection of additional planets in this system are due the erroneous assumption
of white noise. Using the standard white noise assumption, our method leads to
the detection of up to five signals in this system. We also find that with the
red noise model, the measurement uncertainties from HARPS for this system are
under-estimated at the level of ~50 per cent.


title:
Deuterium Balmer/Stark spectroscopy and impurity profiles: first results
  from mirror-link divertor spectroscopy system on the JET ITER-like wall

abstract:
  For the ITER-like wall, the JET mirror link divertor spectroscopy system was
redesigned to fully cover the tungsten horizontal strike plate with faster time
resolution and improved near-UV performance. Since the ITER-like wall project
involves a change in JET from a carbon dominated machine to a beryllium and
tungsten dominated machine with residual carbon, the aim of the system is to
provide the recycling flux, equivalent, to the impinging deuterium ion flux,
the impurity fluxes (C, Be, O) and tungsten sputtering fluxes and hence give
information on the tungsten divertor source. In order to do this
self-consistently, the system also needs to provide plasma characterization
through the deuterium Balmer spectra measurements of electron density and
temperature during high density. L-Mode results at the density limit from Stark
broadening/line ratio analysis will be presented and compared to Langmuir probe
profiles and 2D-tomography of low-n Balmer emission [1]. Comparison with other
diagnostics will be vital for modelling attempts with the EDGE2D-EIRENE code[2]
as the best possible data sets need to be provided to study detachment
behaviour.


title: Coexistence does not imply joint measurability

abstract:
  One of the hallmarks of quantum theory is the realization that distinct
measurements cannot in general be performed simultaneously, in stark contrast
to classical physics. In this context the notions of coexistence and joint
measurability are employed to analyze the possibility of measuring together two
general quantum observables, characterizing different degrees of compatibility
between measurements. It is known that two jointly measurable observables are
always coexistent, and that the converse holds for various classes of
observables, including the case of observables with two outcomes. Here we
resolve, in the negative, the open question whether this equivalence holds in
general. Our resolution strengthens the notions of coexistence and joint
measurability by showing that both are robust against small imperfections in
the measurement setups.


title: On dilatation factors of braids on three strands

abstract:
  In this work we present a natural surjective map from rigid braids in B_3 (in
Garside sense) to SL_2(N). This map provides an upper and a lower bound for the
dilatation factor of a pseudo-Anosov 3-strand braid. These bounds only depend
on the canonical length of the classical Garside structure of B_3.


title: Bounded elements of C*-inductive locally convex spaces

abstract:
  The notion of bounded element of C*-inductive locally convex spaces (or
C*-inductive partial *-algebras) is introduced and discussed in two ways: the
first one takes into account the inductive structure provided by certain
families of C*-algebras; the second one is linked to natural order of these
spaces. A particular attention is devoted to the relevant instance provided by
the space of continuous linear maps acting in a rigged Hilbert space.


title:
Comparison of JET main chamber erosion with dust collected in the
  divertor

abstract:
  A complete global balance for carbon in JET requires knowledge of the net
erosion in the main chamber, net deposition in the divertor and the amount of
dust and flakes collecting in the divertor region. This paper describes a
number of measurements on aspects of this global picture. Profiler measurements
and cross section microscopy on tiles that were removed in the 2009 JET
intervention are used to evaluate the net erosion in the main chamber and net
deposition in the divertor. In addition the mass of dust and flakes collected
from the JET divertor during the same intervention is also reported and
included as part of the balance. Spectroscopic measurements of carbon erosion
from the main chamber are presented and compared with the erosion measurements
for the main chamber.


title:
Dirac vs. Weyl in topological insulators: Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly in
  transport phenomena

abstract:
  Dirac metals (gapless semi-conductors) are believed to turn into Weyl metals
when perturbations, which break either time reversal symmetry or inversion
symmetry, are employed. However, no experimental evidence has been reported for
the existence of Weyl fermions in three dimensions. Applying magnetic fields
near the topological phase transition from a topological insulator to a band
insulator in Bi1-xSbx, we observe not only the weak anti-localization
phenomenon in magnetoconductivity near zero magnetic fields (B < 0.4 T) but
also its upturn above 0.4 T only for E // B. This incompatible coexistence
between weak anti-localization and negative magnetoresistivity is attributed to
the Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly (topological E B term) in the presence of weak
anti-localization corrections.


title:
Statistical significance of rising and oscillatory trends in global
  ocean and land temperature in the past 160 years

abstract:
  Various interpretations of the notion of a trend in the context of global
warming are discussed, contrasting the difference between viewing a trend as
the deterministic response to an external forcing and viewing it as a slow
variation which can be separated from the background spectral continuum of
long-range persistent climate noise. The emphasis in this paper is on the
latter notion, and a general scheme is presented for testing a multi-parameter
trend model against a null hypothesis which models the observed climate record
as an autocorrelated noise. The scheme is employed to the instrumental global
sea-surface temperature record and the global land-temperature record. A trend
model comprising a linear plus an oscillatory trend with period of
approximately 60 yr, and the statistical significance of the trends, are tested
against three different null models: first-order autoregressive process,
fractional Gaussian noise, and fractional Brownian motion. The linear trend is
significant in all cases, but the oscillatory trend is insignificant for ocean
data and barely significant for land data. By means of a Bayesian iteration,
however, using the significance of the linear trend to formulate a sharper null
hypothesis, the oscillatory trend in the land record appears to be
statistically significant. The results suggest that the global land record may
be better suited for detection of the global warming signal than the ocean
record.


title: LHC Results Highlights (CLASHEP 2013)

abstract:
  The good performance of the LHC provided enough data at 7 TeV and 8 TeV to
allow the experiments to perform very competitive measurements and to expand
the knowledge about the fundamental interaction far beyond that from previous
colliders. This report summarizes the highlights of the results obtained with
these data samples by the four large experiments, covering all the topics of
the physics program and focusing on those exploiting the possibilities of the
LHC.


title:
Classification scheme of pure multipartite states based on topological
  phases

abstract:
  We investigate the connection between the concept of affine balancedness
(a-balancedness) introduced in [Phys. Rev A. {\bf 85}, 032112 (2012)] and
polynomial local SU invariants and the appearance of topological phases
respectively. It is found that different types of a-balancedness correspond to
different types of local SU invariants analogously to how different types of
balancedness as defined in [New J. Phys. {\bf 12}, 075025 (2010)] correspond to
different types of local SL invariants. These different types of SU invariants
distinguish between states exhibiting different topological phases. In the case
of three qubits the different kinds of topological phases are fully
distinguished by the three-tangle together with one more invariant. Using this
we present a qualitative classification scheme based on balancedness of a
state. While balancedness and local SL invariants of bidegree $(2n,0)$ classify
the SL-semistable states [New J. Phys. {\bf 12}, 075025 (2010), Phys. Rev. A
{\bf 83} 052330 (2011)], a-balancedness and local SU invariants of bidegree
$(2n-m,m)$ gives a more fine grained classification. In this scheme the
a-balanced states form a bridge from the genuine entanglement of balanced
states, invariant under the SL-group, towards the entanglement of unbalanced
states characterized by U invariants of bidegree $(n,n)$. As a by-product we
obtain generalizations to the W-state, states that are entangled, but contain
only globally distributed entanglement of parts of the system.


title: Gravitational redshift profiles in the $f(R)$ and symmetron models

abstract:
  Aims. We investigate the gravitational redshift in clusters of galaxies in
the symmetron and Hu-Sawicky $f(R)$ models. The characteristic feature of both
models is the screening mechanism that hides the fifth force in dense
environments recovering general relativity. Methods. We use $N$-body
simulations that were run using the code \texttt{Isis}, which includes scalar
fields, to analyse the deviation of observables in modified gravity models with
respect to $\Lambda$CDM. Results. We find that due to the presence of the
screening, the deviation is highly dependent on the halo mass. For instance,
the $f(R)$ parameters $|f_{R0}|=10^{-5}$, $n=1$ cause an enhancement of the
gravitational signal by up to 50% for halos with masses between
$10^{13}\,M_\odot h^{-1}$ and $10^{14}\,M_\odot h^{-1}$. The characteristic
mass range where the fifth force is most active varies with the model
parameters. The usual assumption is that the presence of a fifth force leads to
a deeper potential well and thus, a stronger gravitational redshift. However,
we find that in cases in which only the central regions of the halos are
screened, there could also be a weaker gravitational redshift.


title: Finite State Machine Synthesis for Evolutionary Hardware

abstract:
  This article considers application of genetic algorithms for finite machine
synthesis. The resulting genetic finite state machines synthesis algorithm
allows for creation of machines with less number of states and within shorter
time. This makes it possible to use hardware-oriented genetic finite machines
synthesis algorithm in autonomous systems on reconfigurable platforms.


title:
Implications of the measurement of pulsars with two solar masses for
  quark matter in compact stars and HIC. A NJL model case study

abstract:
  The precise measurement of the high masses of the pulsars PSR J1614-2230
(M_{1614}=1.97 +- 0.04 solar masses) and PSR J0348-0432 (M_{0348}=2.01 +- 0.04
solar masses) provides an important constraint for the equation of state of
cold, dense matter and is suited to give interesting insights regarding the
nature and existence of the possible phase transition to deconfined quark
matter in the cores of neutron stars. We analyze the stability and composition
of compact star sequences for a class of hybrid nuclear - quark-matter
equations of state. The quark matter phase is described in the framework of a
standard color superconducting 3-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model and the
hadronic phase is given by the Dirac-Brueckner-Hartree-Fock equation of state
for the Bonn-A potential. The phase transition is obtained by a Maxwell
construction. Within this model setup we aim to constrain otherwise not
strictly fixed parameters of the NJL model, namely the coupling strengths in
the vector meson and diquark interaction channels. We perform this
investigation for two different parameterizations characterized by a different
scalar coupling constant. The analysis of flow data obtained in heavy-ion
collisions resulted in a further constraint which we account for in our
discussion. Massive hybrid stars with extended quark matter cores can be
obtained in accordance with all of the considered constraints.


title:
Running coupling constant and mass anomalous dimension of six-flavor
  SU(2) gauge theory

abstract:
  In the exploration of viable models of dynamical electroweak symmetry
breaking, it is essential to locate the lower end of the conformal window and
know the mass anomalous dimensions there for a variety of gauge theories. We
calculate, with the Schr\"odinger functional scheme, the running coupling
constant and the mass anomalous dimension of SU(2) gauge theory with six
massless Dirac fermions in the fundamental representation. The calculations are
performed on $6^4$ - $24^4$ lattices over a wide range of lattice bare
couplings to take the continuum limit. The discretization errors for both
quantities are removed perturbatively. We find that the running slows down and
comes to a stop at $0.06 \lesssim 1/g^2 \lesssim 0.15$ where the mass anomalous
dimension is estimated to be $0.26 \lesssim \gamma^*_m \lesssim 0.74$.


title: CDPM2: A damage-plasticity approach to modelling the failure of concrete

abstract:
  A constitutive model based on the combination of damage mechanics and
plasticity is developed to analyse the failure of concrete structures. The aim
is to obtain a model, which describes the important characteristics of the
failure process of concrete subjected to multiaxial loading. This is achieved
by combining an effective stress based plasticity model with a damage model
based on plastic and elastic strain measures. The model response in tension,
uni-, bi- and triaxial compression is compared to experimental results. The
model describes well the increase in strength and displacement capacity for
increasing confinement levels. Furthermore, the model is applied to the
structural analyses of tensile and compressive failure.


title: Towards Fractional Gradient Elasticity

abstract:
  An extension of gradient elasticity through the inclusion of spatial
derivatives of fractional order to describe power-law type of non-locality is
discussed. Two phenomenological possibilities are explored. The first is based
on the Caputo fractional derivatives in one-dimension. The second involves the
Riesz fractional derivative in three-dimensions. Explicit solutions of the
corresponding fractional differential equations are obtained in both cases. In
the first case it is shown that stress equilibrium in a Caputo elastic bar
requires the existence of a non-zero internal body force to equilibrate it. In
the second case, it is shown that in a Riesz type gradient elastic continuum
under the action of a point load, the displacement may or may not be singular
depending on the order of the fractional derivative assumed.


title:
Comprehending Kademlia Routing - A Theoretical Framework for the Hop
  Count Distribution

abstract:
  The family of Kademlia-type systems represents the most efficient and most
widely deployed class of internet-scale distributed systems. Its success has
caused plenty of large scale measurements and simulation studies, and several
improvements have been introduced. Its character of parallel and
non-deterministic lookups, however, so far has prevented any concise formal
analysis. This paper introduces the first comprehensive formal model of the
routing of the entire family of systems that is validated against previous
measurements. It sheds light on the overall hop distribution and lookup delays
of the different variations of the original protocol. It additionally shows
that several of the recent improvements to the protocol in fact have been
counter-productive and identifies preferable designs with regard to routing
overhead and resilience.


title: 3D Alfven wave behaviour around proper and improper magnetic null points

abstract:
  Context: MHD waves and magnetic null points are both prevalent in many
astrophysical plasmas, including the solar atmosphere. Interaction between
waves and null points has been implicated as a possible mechanism for localised
heating events. Aims: Here we investigate the transient behaviour of the Alfven
wave about fully 3D proper and improper 3D magnetic null points. Previously,
the behaviour of fast magnetoacoustic waves at null points in 3D, cold MHD was
considered by Thurgood & McLaughlin (Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2012, 545, A9).
Methods: We introduce an Alfven wave into the vicinity of both proper and
improper null points by numerically solving the ideal, $\beta=0$ MHD equations
using the LARE3D code. A magnetic fieldline and flux-based coordinate system
permits the isolation of resulting wave-modes and the analysis of their
interaction. Results: We find that the Alfven wave propagates throughout the
region and accumulates near the fan-plane, causing current build up. For
different values of null point eccentricity, the qualitative behaviour changes
only by the imposition of anisotropic pulse dilation, due to the differing
rates at which fieldlines diverge from the spine. For all eccentricities, we
find that the fast and Alfven waves are linearly decoupled. During the driving
phase, an independently propagating fast wave is nonlinearly generated due to
the ponderomotive force. Subsequently, no further excitation of fast waves
occurs. Conclusions: We find that the key aspects of the theory of Alfv\'en
waves about 2D null points extends intuitively to the fully 3D case; i.e. the
wave propagates along fieldlines and thus accumulates at predictable parts of
the topology. We also highlight that unlike in the 2D case, in 3D Alfven-wave
pulses are always toroidal and thus any aspects of 2D Alfven-wave-null models
that are pulse-geometry specific must be reconsidered in 3D.

categories: astro-ph.SR physics.flu-dyn physics.plasm-ph physics.space-ph


title:
Certification of inequalities involving transcendental functions:
  combining SDP and max-plus approximation

abstract:
  We consider the problem of certifying an inequality of the form $f(x)\geq 0$,
$\forall x\in K$, where $f$ is a multivariate transcendental function, and $K$
is a compact semialgebraic set. We introduce a certification method, combining
semialgebraic optimization and max-plus approximation. We assume that $f$ is
given by a syntaxic tree, the constituents of which involve semialgebraic
operations as well as some transcendental functions like $\cos$, $\sin$,
$\exp$, etc. We bound some of these constituents by suprema or infima of
quadratic forms (max-plus approximation method, initially introduced in optimal
control), leading to semialgebraic optimization problems which we solve by
semidefinite relaxations. The max-plus approximation is iteratively refined and
combined with branch and bound techniques to reduce the relaxation gap.
Illustrative examples of application of this algorithm are provided, explaining
how we solved tight inequalities issued from the Flyspeck project (one of the
main purposes of which is to certify numerical inequalities used in the proof
of the Kepler conjecture by Thomas Hales).


title:
Trajectory Statistical Solutions for three-dimensional
  Navier-Stokes-like systems

abstract:
  A general framework for the theory of statistical solutions on trajectory
spaces is constructed for a wide range of equations involving incompressible
viscous flows. This framework is constructed with a general Hausdorff
topological space as the phase space of the system, and with the corresponding
set of trajectories belonging to the space of continuous paths in that phase
space. A trajectory statistical solution is a Borel probability measure defined
on the space of continuous paths and carried by a certain subset which is
interpreted, in the applications, as the set of solutions of a given problem.
The main hypotheses for the existence of a trajectory statistical solution
concern the topology of that subset of "solutions", along with conditions that
characterize those solutions within a certain larger subset (a condition
related to the assumption of strong continuity at the origin for the Leray-Hopf
weak solutions in the case of the Navier-Stokes and related equations). The aim
here is to raise the current theory of statistical solutions to an abstract
level that applies to other evolution equations with properties similar to
those of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. The applicability of
the theory is illustrated with the B\'enard problem of convection in fluids.


title: Mean-field theory of random close packings of axisymmetric particles

abstract:
  Finding the optimal random packing of non-spherical particles is an open
problem with great significance in a broad range of scientific and engineering
fields. So far, this search has been performed only empirically on a
case-by-case basis, in particular, for shapes like dimers, spherocylinders and
ellipsoids of revolution. Here, we present a mean-field formalism to estimate
the packing density of axisymmetric non-spherical particles. We derive an
analytic continuation from the sphere that provides a phase diagram predicting
that, for the same coordination number, the density of monodisperse random
packings follows the sequence of increasing packing fractions: spheres < oblate
ellipsoids < prolate ellipsoids < dimers < spherocylinders. We find the maximal
packing densities of 73.1% for spherocylinders and 70.7% for dimers, in good
agreement with the largest densities found in simulations. Moreover, we find a
packing density of 73.6% for lens-shaped particles, representing the densest
random packing of the axisymmetric objects studied so far.


title:
Large-scale generation of computational models from biochemical pathway
  maps

abstract:
  Background: Systems biology projects and omics technologies have led to a
growing number of biochemical pathway reconstructions. However, mathematical
models are still most often created de novo, based on reading the literature
and processing pathway data manually. Results: To increase the efficiency with
which such models can be created, we automatically generated mathematical
models from pathway representations using a suite of freely available software.
We produced models that combine data from KEGG PATHWAY, BioCarta, MetaCyc and
SABIO-RK; According to the source data, three types of models are provided:
kinetic, logical and constraint-based. All models are encoded using SBML Core
and Qual packages, and available through BioModels Database. Each model
contains the list of participants, the interactions, and the relevant
mathematical constructs, but, in most cases, no meaningful parameter values.
Most models are also available as easy to understand graphical SBGN maps.
Conclusions: to date, the project has resulted in more than 140000 models
freely available. We believe this resource can tremendously accelerate the
development of mathematical models by providing initial starting points ready
for parametrization.


title: The complex dynamics of wishful thinking: The critical positivity ratio

abstract:
  We examine critically the claims made by Fredrickson and Losada (2005)
concerning the construct known as the "positivity ratio". We find no
theoretical or empirical justification for the use of differential equations
drawn from fluid dynamics, a subfield of physics, to describe changes in human
emotions over time; furthermore, we demonstrate that the purported application
of these equations contains numerous fundamental conceptual and mathematical
errors. The lack of relevance of these equations and their incorrect
application lead us to conclude that Fredrickson and Losada's claim to have
demonstrated the existence of a critical minimum positivity ratio of 2.9013 is
entirely unfounded. More generally, we urge future researchers to exercise
caution in the use of advanced mathematical tools such as nonlinear dynamics
and in particular to verify that the elementary conditions for their valid
application have been met.


title: Chiral extensions of chiral polytopes

abstract:
  Given a chiral d-polytope K with regular facets, we describe a construction
for a chiral (d + 1)-polytope P with facets isomorphic to K. Furthermore, P is
finite whenever K is finite. We provide explicit examples of chiral 4-polytopes
constructed in this way from chiral toroidal maps.


title: A note on the structure and kinematics of Harris current sheets

abstract:
  The flat Harris current sheet model has become a powerful initial equilibrium
in theory and simulation of magnetic reconnection in the magnetotail, at the
magnetopause and also in multiple current sheet models of the heliosheath and
astrophysics, where it is believed that such structures may become responsible
for generation of turbulence and also high energy particles. Here we
investigate the philosophy behind the Harris sheet in view of the physical
conditions. The kinematic treatment in this note takes care of the different
dynamics of ions and electrons.


title:
AMCTD: Adaptive Mobility of Courier nodes in Threshold-optimized DBR
  Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

abstract:
  In dense underwater sensor networks (UWSN), the major confronts are high
error probability, incessant variation in topology of sensor nodes, and much
energy consumption for data transmission. However, there are some remarkable
applications of UWSN such as management of seabed and oil reservoirs,
exploration of deep sea situation and prevention of aqueous disasters. In order
to accomplish these applications, ignorance of the limitations of acoustic
communications such as high delay and low bandwidth is not feasible. In this
paper, we propose Adaptive mobility of Courier nodes in Threshold-optimized
Depth-based routing (AMCTD), exploring the proficient amendments in depth
threshold and implementing the optimal weight function to achieve longer
network lifetime. We segregate our scheme in 3 major phases of weight updating,
depth threshold variation and adaptive mobility of courier nodes. During data
forwarding, we provide the framework for alterations in threshold to cope with
the sparse condition of network. We ultimately perform detailed simulations to
scrutinize the performance of our proposed scheme and its comparison with other
two notable routing protocols in term of network lifetime and other essential
parameters. The simulations results verify that our scheme performs better than
the other techniques and near to optimal in the field of UWSN.


title: Redimensioning of Euclidean Spaces

abstract:
  A vector space over a field $\mathbb{F}$ is a set $V$ together with two
binary operations, called vector addition and scalar multiplication. It is
standard practice to think of a Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^n$ as an
$n$-dimensional real coordinate space i.e. the space of all $n$-tuples of real
numbers ($R^n$), with vector operations defined using real addition and
multiplication coordinate-wise. A natural question which arises is if it is
possible to redefine vector operations on the space in such a way that it
acquires some other dimension, say $k$ (over the same field i.e.,
$\mathbb{R}$). In this paper, we answer the question in the affirmative, for
all $k\in\mathbb{N}$. We achieve the required dimension by `dragging' the
structure of a standard $k$-dimensional Euclidean space (\R{k}) on the
$n$-tuple of real numbers ($R^n$). At the heart of the argument is Cantor's
counterintuitive result that $\mathbb{R}$ is numerically equivalent to
$\mathbb{R}^n$ for all $n\in\mathbb{N}$, which can be proved through an elegant
construction. Finally, we generalize the result to all finite dimensional
vector spaces.


title: Direct molecular dynamics simulation of electrocaloric effect in BaTiO3

abstract:
  The electrocaloric effect (ECE) in BaTiO3 is simulated using two different
first-principles based effective Hamiltonian molecular dynamics methods. The
calculations are performed for a wide range of temperatures (30--900 K) and
external electric fields (0--500 kV/cm). As expected, a large adiabatic
temperature change, Delta-T, at the Curie temperature, T_C, is observed. It is
found that for single crystals of pure BaTiO3, the temperature range where a
large Delta-T is observed is narrow for small external electric fields (<50
kV/cm). Large fields (>100 kV/cm) may be required to broaden the effective
temperature range. The effect of crystal anisotropy on the ECE Delta-T is also
investigated. It is found that applying an external electric field along the
[001] direction has a larger ECE than those along the [110] and [111]
directions.


title: Seeding patterns for self-organization of photons and atoms

abstract:
  When atoms scatter photons from a transverse laser into a high-finesse
optical cavity, they form crystalline structures which maximize the intracavity
light field and trap the atoms in the ordered array. Stable organization occurs
when the laser field amplitude exceeds a certain threshold. For planar
single-mode cavities there exist two equivalent possible atomic patterns, which
determine the phase of the intracavity light field. Under these premises, we
show that the effect of an additional laser pumping the cavity makes one
pattern more favorable than the other and that it can dynamically force the
system into a predetermined configuration. This is an instance of pattern
formation and seeding in a nonlinear quantum-optical system.


title:
Drell-Yan, ZZ, W+W- production in SM & ADD model to NLO+PS accuracy at
  the LHC

abstract:
  In this paper, we present the next-to-leading order QCD corrections for
di-lepton, di-electroweak boson (ZZ, W+W-) production in both the SM and the
ADD model, matched to the HERWIG parton-shower using the aMC@NLO framework. A
selection of results at the 8 TeV LHC, which exhibits deviation from the SM as
a result of the large extra-dimension scenario are presented.


title: Local Algebraic K-Theory

abstract:
  In this article we address the first part of the programme presented in
\cite{Teleman_arXiv_III}, \S 2; we construct the local $K$- theory level of the
index formula. Our construction is sufficiently general to encompass the
algebra of pseudo-differential operators of order zero on smooth manifolds,
elliptic pseudo-differential operators of order zero, their abstract symbol
(see Introduction \S 2.) and their local $K$- theory analytical and topological
index classes, see \cite{Teleman_arXiv_III}, \S 5, Definition 5 and 6. Our
definitions are sufficiently general to apply to exact sequences of singular
integral operators, which are of interest in the case of the index theorem on
Lipschitz and quasi-conformal manifolds, see \cite{Teleman_IHES},
\cite{Teleman_Acta}, \cite{Donaldson_Sullivan}, \cite{Connes_Sullivan_Teleman}.
In this article we introduce localised algebras (Definition 3) $\mathit{A}$ and
in \S 6 we define their local algebraic $K$-theory. A localised algebra
$\mathit{A}$ is an algebra in which a decreasing filtration by vector
sub-spaces $\mathit{A}_{\mu}$ is introduced. The filtration $\mathit{A}_{\mu}$
induces a filtration on the space of matrices $\mathbb{M}(\mathit{A}_{\mu})$.
Although we define solely $K^{loc}_{\ast}(\mathit{A})$ for $\ast= 0, \; 1$, we
expect our construction could be extended in higher degrees. We stress that our
construction of $K^{loc}_{0}(\mathit{A})$ uses exclusively idempotent matrices
and that the use of finite projective modules is totally avoided. (Idempotent
matrices, rather than projective modules, contain less arbitrariness in the
description of the $K_{0}$ classes and allow a better filtration control). The
group $K^{loc}_{0}(\mathit{A})$ is by definition the quotient space of the
space of the Grothendieck completion of the space of idempotent matrices
through three equivalence relations: -i) stabilisation $\sim_{s}$, -2) local
conjugation $\sim_{l}$, {\em and} -3) projective limit with respect to the
filtration. By definition, the $K_{1}^{loc} (\mathit{A})$ is the projective
limit of the local $K_{1}(\mathit{A}_{\mu})$ groups. The group
$K_{1}(\mathit{A}_{\mu})$ is by definition the quotient of
$\mathbb{GL}(\mathit{A}_{\mu})$ modulo the equivalence relation generated by:
-1) stabilisation $\sim_{s}$, --2) local conjugation $\sim_{l}$ and -3)
$\sim_{\mathbb{O}(\mathit{A}_{\mu})}$, where $\mathbb{O}(\mathit{A}_{\mu})$ is
the sub-module generated by elements of the form $ u \oplus u^{-1} $, for any
$u \in \mathbb{GL}(\mathit{A}_{\mu})$. The class of any invertible element $u$
modulo conjugation (inner auto-morphisms) we call the Jordan canonical form of
$u$. The local conjugation preserves the local Jordan canonical form of
invertible elements. The equivalence relation
$\sim_{\mathbb{O}(\mathit{A}_{\mu})}$ insures existence of opposite elements in
$K_{1}(\mathit{A}_{\mu})$ and $K_{1}^{loc}(\mathit{A})$. Our definition of
$K^{loc}_{1}(\mathit{A})$ does not use the commutator sub-group
$[\mathbb{GL}(\mathit{A}), \mathbb{GL}(\mathit{A})]$ nor elementary matrices in
its construction. We define short exact sequences of localised algebras. To get
the corresponding (open) six terms exact sequence (Theorem 51) one has to take
the tensor product of the expected six terms exact sequence by
$\mathbb{Z}[\frac{1}{2}]$. We expect the factor
$\otimes_{\mathbb{Z}[\frac{1}{2}}]$ to have important consequences. Our work
shows that the basic structure of $K_{1}$ resides in the {\em additive}
sub-group generated by elements of the form $u \oplus u^{-1}$, $u \in
\mathbb{GL}(\mathit{A})$, rather than in the {\em multiplicativ} commutator
sub-group $[\mathbb{GL}(\mathit{A}), \mathbb{GL}(\mathit{A})]$. Even into the
case of trivially filtered algebras, $\mathit{A}_{\mu} = \mathit{A}$, for all
$\mu \in \mathbb{N}$, the introduced group $K^{loc}_{1}(\mathit{A})$ should
provide more information than the classical group $K_{1}(\mathit{A})$.


title:
On a fractional Ginzburg-Landau equation and 1/2-harmonic maps into
  spheres

abstract:
  This paper is devoted to the asymptotic analysis of a fractional version of
the Ginzburg-Landau equation in bounded domains, where the Laplacian is
replaced by an integro-differential operator related to the square root
Laplacian as defined in Fourier space. In the singular Ginzburg-Landau limit,
we show that solutions with uniformly bounded energy converge weakly to sphere
valued 1/2-harmonic maps, i.e., the fractional analogues of the usual harmonic
maps. In addition, the convergence holds in smooth functions spaces away from a
(n-1)-rectifiable closed set of finite (n-1)-Hausdorff measure. The proof
relies on the representation of the square root Laplacian as a
Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator in one more dimension, and on the analysis of a
boundary version of the Ginzburg-Landau equation. Besides the analysis of the
fractional Ginzburg-Landau equation, we also give a general partial regularity
result for stationary 1/2-harmonic maps in arbitrary dimension.


title:
Switching of intra-orbital spin excitations in electron-doped iron
  pnictide superconductors

abstract:
  We investigate the doping dependence of the magnetic excitations in
two-superconducting-dome-system LaFeAsO1-xDx. Using inelastic neutron
scattering, spin fluctuations at different wavenumbers were observed under both
superconducting domes around x = 0.1 and 0.4, but vanished at x = 0.2
corresponding to the Tc valley. Theoretical calculations indicate that the
characteristic doping dependence of spin fluctuations is rationally explained
as a consequence of the switching of the two intra-orbital nestings within
Fe-3dYZ, ZX and 3dX2-Y2 by electron doping. The present results imply that the
multi-orbital nature plays an important role in the doping and / or material
dependence of the Tc of the iron pnictide superconductors.


title: An averaging theorem for FPU in the thermodynamic limit

abstract:
  Consider an FPU chain composed of $N\gg 1$ particles, and endow the phase
space with the Gibbs measure corresponding to a small temperature $\beta^{-1}$.
Given a fixed $K<N$, we construct $K$ packets of normal modes whose energies
are adiabatic invariants (i.e., are approximately constant for times of order
$\beta^{1-a}$, $a>0$) for initial data in a set of large measure. Furthermore,
the time autocorrelation function of the energy of each packet does not decay
significantly for times of order $\beta$. The restrictions on the shape of the
packets are very mild. All estimates are uniform in the number $N$ of particles
and thus hold in the thermodynamic limit $N\to\infty$, $\beta>0$.


title: Measurement of $\gamma$ from $B \rightarrow DK$ decays at LHCb

abstract:
  We report results from the first measurements of the CKM angle $\gamma$ using
$B\rightarrow DK$ decays with the LHCb experiment. Three well established
methods are used to extract the CP observables. The updated measurement of
$\gamma$ in the three-body $D^0$ Dalitz space results in $\gamma = (57\pm
16)^\circ$. When combining the observables from all \bdk studies, the best fit
value for $\gamma \in [0,180]^\circ$ is $\gamma = 67.2^\circ$ with $\gamma \in
[55.1,79.1]^\circ$ at 68%CL and $\gamma \in [43.9, 89.5]^\circ$ at 95%CL. This
represents the most precise $\gamma$ values directly measured by a single
experiment. Furthermore, a new time-dependent approach using $B_s \rightarrow
D_s K$ decays is used for the first time to measure CP observables and future
prospects for $\gamma$ at LHCb are given.


title:
Optical study of lithographically defined, subwavelength plasmonic wires
  and their coupling to embedded quantum emitters

abstract:
  We present an optical investigation of surface plasmon polaritons propagating
along nanoscale Au-wires, lithographically defined on GaAs substrates. A
two-axis confocal microscope was used to perform spatially and polarization
resolved measurements in order to confirm the guiding of surface plasmon
polaritons over lengths ranging from $5-20 \mu m$ along nanowires with a
lateral dimension of only $\approx 100 nm$. Finite difference time domain
simulations are used to corroborate our experimental observations and highlight
the potential to couple proximal quantum dot emitters to propagating plasmon
modes in such extreme sub-wavelength devices. Our findings are of strong
relevance for the development of semiconductor based integrated plasmonic and
active quantum plasmonic nanosystems that merge quantum emitters with nanoscale
plasmonic elements.


title: The contrasting magnetic fields of superconducting pulsars and magnetars

abstract:
  We study equilibrium magnetic field configurations in a neutron star (NS)
whose core has type-II superconducting protons. Unlike the equations for normal
matter, which feature no special field strength, those for superconductors
contain the lower critical field, of order $10^{15}$ G. We find that the ratio
of this critical field to the smooth-averaged stellar field at the crust-core
boundary is the key feature dictating the field geometry. Our results suggest
that pulsar and magnetar-strength fields have notably different configurations.
Field decay for NSs with $B_\textrm{pole}\sim 10^{14}$ G could thus result in
substantial internal rearrangements, pushing the toroidal field component out
of the core; this may be related to observed magnetar activity. In addition, we
calculate the magnetically-induced ellipticities of our models.


title: Testing quantum physics in space using optically trapped nanospheres

abstract:
  Recent developments in space technology like micro-propulsion systems for
drag-free control, thermal shielding, ultra-stable laser sources and stable
optical cavities set an ideal platform for quantum optomechanical experiments
with optically trapped dielectric spheres. Here, we will provide an overview of
the results of recent studies aiming at the realization of the space mission
MAQRO to test the foundations of quantum physics in a parameter regime orders
of magnitude beyond existing experiments. In particular, we will discuss
DECIDE, which is an experiment to prepare and then study a
Schr\"odinger-cat-type state, where a dielectric nanosphere of around 100nm
radius is prepared in a superposition of being in two clearly distinct
positions at the same time. This superposition leads to double-slit-type
interference, and the visibility of the interference pattern will be compared
to the predictions of quantum theory. This approach allows for testing for
possible deviations from quantum theory as our test objects approach
macroscopic dimensions. With DECIDE, it will be possible to distinctly test
several prominent theoretical models that predict such deviations, for example:
the Di\'osi-Pensrose model, the continuous-spontaneous-localization model of
Ghirardi, Rimini, Weber and Pearle, and the model of K\'arolyh\'azy.