title:
Near-band-gap photo-induced nuclear spin dynamics in semi-insulating
  GaAs: Hyperfine- and quadrupolar-driven relaxation

abstract:
  Understanding and manipulating spin polarization and transport in the
vicinity of semiconductor-hosted defects is a problem of present technological
and fundamental importance. Here, we use high-field magnetic resonance to
monitor the relaxation dynamics of spin-3/2 nuclei in semi-insulating GaAs. Our
experiments benefit from the conditions created in the limit of low
illumination intensities, where intermittent occupation of the defect site by
photo-excited electrons leads to electric field gradient fluctuations and
concomitant spin relaxation of the neighboring quadrupolar nuclei. We find
indication of a heterogeneous distribution of polarization, governed by
different classes of defects activated by either weak or strong laser
excitation. Upon application of a train of light pulses of variable repetition
rate and on/off ratio, we uncover an intriguing regime of mesoscale nuclear
spin diffusion restricted by long-range, non-uniform electric field gradients.
Given the slow time scale governing nuclear spin evolution, such
optically-induced polarization patterns could be exploited as a contrast
mechanism to expose dark lattice defects or localized charges with nanoscale
resolution.


title:
Quantum dynamics and entanglement in coherent transport of atomic
  population

abstract:
  In this work we look at the quantum dynamics of the process known as either
transport without transit (TWT), or coherent transfer of atomic population
(CTAP), of a Bose-Einstein condensate from one well of a lattice potential to
another, non-adjacent well, without macroscopic occupation of the well between
the two. This process has previously been analysed and in this work we extend
those analyses by considering the effects of quantum statistics on the dynamics
and entanglement properties of the condensate modes in the two relevant wells.
In order to do this, we go beyond the mean-field analysis of the
Gross-Pitaevskii type approach and utilise the phase-space stochastic methods
so well known in quantum optics. In particular, we use the exact positive-P
representation where it is suitable, and the approximate truncated WIgner
representation otherwise. We find strong agreement between the results of these
two methods, with the mean-field dynamics not depending on the initial quantum
states of the trapped condensate. We find that the entanglement properties do
depend strongly on the initial quantum states, with quantitatively different
results found for coherent and Fock states. Comparison of the two methods gives
us confidence that the truncated Wigner representation delivers accurate
results for this system and is thus a useful method as the collisional
nonlinearity increases and the positive-P results fail to converge.


title: On a measure-theoretic area formula

abstract:
  We show how classical differentiation theorems for measures can be turned
into an integral representation of a Borel measure with respect to a fixed
Carath\'eodory measure. We focus our attention on the cases where this measure
is both the Hausdorff measure and the spherical Hausdorff measure, giving the
corresponding measure-theoretic area formula. Our point consists in using
certain covering derivatives as "generalized densities". Some consequences for
the sub-Riemannian Heisenberg group are also pointed out.


title: Damping in two component Bose gas

abstract:
  We investigate the Landau and Baliaev damping of the collective modes in a
two-component Bose gas using the mean-field approximation. We show that due to
the two body atom-atom interaction, oscillations of each component is coupled
to the thermal excitations of the other component which gives rise to creation
or destruction of the elementary excitations that can take place in the two
separate components.In addition we find that the damping is also enhanced due
to inter-component coupling.


title:
Linear-Time Compression of Bounded-Genus Graphs into
  Information-Theoretically Optimal Number of Bits

abstract:
  A $\textit{compression scheme}$ $A$ for a class $\mathbb{G}$ of graphs
consists of an encoding algorithm $\textit{Encode}_A$ that computes a binary
string $\textit{Code}_A(G)$ for any given graph $G$ in $\mathbb{G}$ and a
decoding algorithm $\textit{Decode}_A$ that recovers $G$ from
$\textit{Code}_A(G)$. A compression scheme $A$ for $\mathbb{G}$ is
$\textit{optimal}$ if both $\textit{Encode}_A$ and $\textit{Decode}_A$ run in
linear time and the number of bits of $\textit{Code}_A(G)$ for any $n$-node
graph $G$ in $\mathbb{G}$ is information-theoretically optimal to within
lower-order terms. Trees and plane triangulations were the only known
nontrivial graph classes that admit optimal compression schemes. Based upon
Goodrich's separator decomposition for planar graphs and Djidjev and
Venkatesan's planarizers for bounded-genus graphs, we give an optimal
compression scheme for any hereditary (i.e., closed under taking subgraphs)
class $\mathbb{G}$ under the premise that any $n$-node graph of $\mathbb{G}$ to
be encoded comes with a genus-$o(\frac{n}{\log^2 n})$ embedding. By Mohar's
linear-time algorithm that embeds a bounded-genus graph on a genus-$O(1)$
surface, our result implies that any hereditary class of genus-$O(1)$ graphs
admits an optimal compression scheme. For instance, our result yields the
first-known optimal compression schemes for planar graphs, plane graphs, graphs
embedded on genus-$1$ surfaces, graphs with genus $2$ or less, $3$-colorable
directed plane graphs, $4$-outerplanar graphs, and forests with degree at most
$5$. For non-hereditary graph classes, we also give a methodology for obtaining
optimal compression schemes. From this methodology, we give the first known
optimal compression schemes for triangulations of genus-$O(1)$ surfaces and
floorplans.


title: Strong plasma screening in thermonuclear reactions: Electron drop model

abstract:
  We analyze enhancement of thermonuclear fusion reactions due to strong plasma
screening in dense matter using a simple electron drop model. The model assumes
fusion in a potential that is screened by an effective electron cloud around
colliding nuclei (extended Salpeter ion-sphere model). We calculate the mean
field screened Coulomb potentials for atomic nuclei with equal and nonequal
charges, appropriate astrophysical S factors, and enhancement factors of
reaction rates. As a byproduct, we study analytic behavior of the screening
potential at small separations between the reactants. In this model,
astrophysical S factors depend not only on nuclear physics but on plasma
screening as well. The enhancement factors are in good agreement with
calculations by other methods. This allows us to formulate the combined, pure
analytic model of strong plasma screening in thermonuclear reactions. The
results can be useful for simulating nuclear burning in white dwarfs and
neutron stars.


title:
Reliability Analysis to overcome Black Hole Attack in Wireless Sensor
  Network

abstract:
  Wireless sensor networks are vulnerable to several attacks, one of them being
the black hole attack. A black hole is a malicious node that attracts all the
traffic in the network by advertising that it has the shortest path in the
network. Once it receives the packet from other nodes, it drops all the packets
causing loss of critical information. In this paper we propose a reliability
analysis mechanism. The proposed reliability analysis scheme overcomes the
shortcomings of existing cooperative black hole attack using AODV routing
protocol. As soon as there is a path available for routing, its reliability is
checked using the proposed scheme. The proposed reliability analysis scheme
helps in achieving maximum reliability by minimizing the complexity of the
system. The final path available after the reliability analysis using the
proposed scheme will make the path secure enough to minimize the packet loss,
end-to-end delay and the energy utilization of the network as well as maximize
the network lifetime in return.


title:
Exponential Trust Based Mechanism to Detect Black Hole attack in
  Wireless Sensor Network

abstract:
  Security is a key feature in Wireless Sensor Networks but they are prone to
many kinds of attacks and one of them is Black Hole Attack. In a black hole
attack all the packets are consecutively dropped which leads to the decrease in
the efficiency of the network and unnecessary wastage of battery life. In this
paper, we propose an exponential trust based mechanism to detect the malicious
node. In the proposed method a Streak counter is deployed to store the
consecutive number of packets dropped and a trust factor is maintained for each
node. The trust factor drops exponentially with each consecutive packet dropped
which helps in detecting the malicious node. The proposed method show a drastic
decrease in the number of packets dropped before the node being detected as a
malicious node.


title:
Performance Study of Mobile TV over Mobile WiMAX Considering Different
  Modulation and Coding Techniques

abstract:
  With the advent of the wide-spread use of smart phones, video streaming over
mobile wireless networks has suddenly taken a huge surge in recent years.
Considering its enormous potential, mobile WiMAX is emerging as a viable
technology for mobile TV which is expected to become of key importance in the
future of mobile indus- try. In this paper, a simulation performance study of
Mobile TV over mobile WiMAX is conducted with different types of adaptive
modulation and coding taking into account key system and environment parameters
which include the variation in the speed of the mobile, path-loss, scheduling
service classes with the fixed type of mod- ulations. Our simulation has been
conducted using OPNET simulation. Simulation results show that dynamic
adaptation of modulation and coding schemes based onchannel conditions can
offer considerably more en- hanced QoS and at the same time reduce the overall
bandwidthof the system.


title:
Enhanced Kerr effect in vertically aligned deformed helix ferroelectric
  liquid crystals

abstract:
  We disclose the vertically aligned deformed helix ferroelectric liquid
crystal (VADHFLC) whose Kerr constant ($K_{\mathrm{kerr}}\approx 130$~nm/V$^2$
at $\lambda=543$~nm) is one order of magnitude higher than any other value
previously reported for liquid crystalline structures. Under certain
conditions, the phase modulation with ellipticity less than 0.05 over the range
of continuous and hysteresis free electric adjustment of the phase shift from
zero to 2$\pi$ have been obtained at sub-kilohertz frequency.


title: Excited states in lattice QCD with the stochastic LapH method

abstract:
  Progress in computing the spectrum of excited baryons and mesons in lattice
QCD is described. Results in the zero-momentum bosonic I=1/2, S=1, T1u symmetry
sector of QCD using a correlation matrix of 58 operators are presented. All
needed Wick contractions are efficiently evaluated using a stochastic method of
treating the low-lying modes of quark propagation that exploits Laplacian
Heaviside quark-field smearing. Level identification using probe operators is
discussed.


title: Design and Development of a User Specific Dynamic E-Magazine

abstract:
  Internet and electronic media gaining more popularity due to ease and speed,
the count of Internet users has increased tremendously. The world is moving
faster each day with several events taking place at once and the Internet is
flooded with information in every field. There are categories of information
ranging from most relevant to user, to the information totally irrelevant or
less relevant to specific users. In such a scenario getting the information
which is most relevant to the user is indispensable to save time. The
motivation of our solution is based on the idea of optimizing the search for
information automatically. This information is delivered to user in the form of
an interactive GUI. The optimization of the contents or information served to
him is based on his social networking profiles and on his reading habits on the
proposed solution. The aim is to get the user's profile information based on
his social networking profile considering that almost every Internet user has
one. This helps us personalize the contents delivered to the user in order to
produce what is most relevant to him, in the form of a personalized e-magazine.
Further the proposed solution learns user's reading habits for example the news
he saves or clicks the most and makes a decision to provide him with the best
contents.


title: Clifford algebras and new singular Riemannian foliations in spheres

abstract:
  Using representations of Clifford algebras we construct indecomposable
singular Riemannian foliations on round spheres, most of which are
non-homogeneous. This generalizes the construction of non-homogeneous
isoparametric hypersurfaces due to by Ferus, Karcher and Munzner.


title: Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of boron phosphide

abstract:
  A new method of producing boron phosphide (BP) submicron powders by
self-propagating high-temperature reaction between boron phosphate and
magnesium in the presence of an inert diluent (sodium chloride) has been
proposed. Bulk polycrystalline BP with microhardness of HV = 28(2) GPa has been
prepared by sintering the above powders at 7.7 GPa and 2600 K.


title: Mutual Information Rate-Based Networks in Financial Markets

abstract:
  In the last years efforts in econophysics have been shifted to study how
network theory can facilitate understanding of complex financial markets. Main
part of these efforts is the study of correlation-based hierarchical networks.
This is somewhat surprising as the underlying assumptions of research looking
at financial markets is that they behave chaotically. In fact it's common for
econophysicists to estimate maximal Lyapunov exponent for log returns of a
given financial asset to confirm that prices behave chaotically. Chaotic
behaviour is only displayed by dynamical systems which are either non-linear or
infinite-dimensional. Therefore it seems that non-linearity is an important
part of financial markets, which is proved by numerous studies confirming
financial markets display significant non-linear behaviour, yet network theory
is used to study them using almost exclusively correlations and partial
correlations, which are inherently dealing with linear dependencies only. In
this paper we introduce a way to incorporate non-linear dynamics and
dependencies into hierarchical networks to study financial markets using mutual
information and its dynamical extension: the mutual information rate. We
estimate it using multidimensional Lempel-Ziv complexity and then convert it
into an Euclidean metric in order to find appropriate topological structure of
networks modelling financial markets. We show that this approach leads to
different results than correlation-based approach used in most studies, on the
basis of 15 biggest companies listed on Warsaw Stock Exchange in the period of
2009-2012 and 91 companies listed on NYSE100 between 2003 and 2013, using
minimal spanning trees and planar maximally filtered graphs.


title: On the Energy-Momentum and Spin Tensors in the Riemann-Cartan Space

abstract:
  General classical theories of material fields in an arbitrary Riemann-Cartan
space are considered. For these theories, with the help of equations of
balance, new non-trivially generalized, manifestly generally covariant
expressions for canonical energy-momentum and spin tensors are constructed in
the cases when a Lagrangian contains (a) an arbitrary set of tensorial material
fields and their covariant derivatives up to the second order, as well as (b)
the curvature tensor and (c) the torsion tensor with its covariant derivatives
up to the second order. A non-trivial manifestly generally covariant
generalization of the Belinfante symmetrization procedure, suitable for an
arbitrary Riemann-Cartan space, is carried out. A covariant symmetrized
energy-momentum tensor is constructed in a general form.


title: Topological classification of oriented cycles of linear mappings

abstract:
  We consider the problem of classifying oriented cycles of linear mappings
$F^p\to F^q\to\dots\to F^r\to F^p$ over a field $F$ of complex or real numbers
up to homeomorphisms in the spaces $F^p,F^q,\dots,F^r$. We reduce it to the
problem of classifying linear operators $F^n\to F^n$ up to homeomorphism in
$F^n$, which was studied by N.H. Kuiper and J.W. Robbin [Invent. Math. 19 (2)
(1973) 83-106] and by other authors.


title: Geometrical guidance and trapping transition of human sperm cells

abstract:
  The guidance of human sperm cells under confinement in quasi 2D microchambers
is investigated using a purely physical method to control their distribution.
Transport property measurements and simulations are performed with dilute sperm
populations, for which effects of geometrical guidance and concentration are
studied in detail. In particular, a trapping transition at convex angular wall
features is identified and analyzed. We also show that highly efficient
microratchets can be fabricated by using curved asymmetric obstacles to take
advantage of the spermatozoa specific swimming strategy.


title:
The central pc-scale region in blazars: insights from multi-band
  observations

abstract:
  The empirical relations in the black hole-accretion disk-relativistic jet
system and physical processes behind these relations are still poorly
understood, partly because they operate close to the black hole within the
central light year. Very long baseline array (VLBA) provides unparalleled
resolution at 15 GHz with which to observe the jet components at
sub-milliarcsecond scales, corresponding to sub-pc-scales for local blazars. We
discuss the jet inner structure of blazars, location and radiation mechanisms
operating in the innermost parsec-scale region of blazars, and evidence for
jet-excited broad-line region (BLR) ouflowing downstream the jet. Outflowing
BLR can provide necessary conditions for production of high energy emission
along the jet between the base of the jet and the BLR and far beyond the BLR as
evidenced by recent observations. Flat spectrum quasars and low synchrotron
peaked sources are the most likely objects to host the outfllowing BLR. From
the $\gamma$-ray absorption arguments, we propose that the jet-excited region
of the outflowing BLR in quasars is small and/or gas filling factor is low, and
that the orientation and opening angle of the outflowing BLR can lead to
relevant $\gamma$-ray absorption features observed in quasars.


title: Testing for Synchronization

abstract:
  We consider the first problem that appears in any application of
synchronizing automata, namely, the problem of deciding whether or not a given
$n$-state $k$-letter automaton is synchronizing. First we generalize results
from \cite{RandSynch},\cite{On2Problems} for the case of strongly connected
partial automata. Specifically, for $k>1$ we show that an automaton is
synchronizing with probability $1-O(\frac{1}{n^{0.5k}})$ and present an
algorithm with linear in $n$ expected time, while the best known algorithm is
quadratic on each instance. This results are interesting due to their
applications in synchronization of finite state information sources. After that
we consider the synchronization of reachable partial automata that has
application for splicing systems in computational biology. For this case we
prove that the problem of testing a given automaton for synchronization is
NP-complete.


title: On Levin's generalization of the plus construction

abstract:
  We present a proof of the following theorem of Levin: For every connected CW
complex $K$ there is a simply connected CW complex $K^+$ obtained from $K$ by
attaching cells of dimension 2 and 3 such that the inclusion $K\to K^+$ induces
isomorphisms of homology groups in dimension $>1$.


title:
Time-dependent Neutral stochastic functional differential equation
  driven by a fractional Brownian motion in a Hilbert space

abstract:
  In this paper we consider a class of time-dependent neutral stochastic
functional differential equations with finite delay driven by a fractional
Brownian motion in a Hilbert space. We prove an existence and uniqueness result
for the mild solution by means of the Banach fixed point principle. A practical
example is provided to illustrate the viability of the abstract result of this
work.


title:
A CR-hydro-NEI Model of the Structure and Broadband Emission from
  Tycho's SNR

abstract:
  Tycho's supernova remnant (SNR) is well-established as a source of particle
acceleration to very high energies. Constraints from numerous studies indicate
that the observed gamma-ray emission results primarily from hadronic processes,
providing direct evidence of highly relativistic ions that have been
accelerated by the SNR. Here we present an investigation of the dynamical and
spectral evolution of Tycho's SNR by carrying out hydrodynamical simulations
that include diffusive shock acceleration of particles in the amplified
magnetic field at the forward shock of the SNR. Our simulations provide a
consistent view of the shock positions, the nonthermal emission, the thermal
X-ray emission from the forward shock, and the brightness profiles of the radio
and X-ray emission. We compare these with the observed properties of Tycho to
determine the density of the ambient material, the particle acceleration
efficiency and maximum energy, the accelerated electron to-proton ratio, and
the properties of the shocked gas downstream of the expanding SNR shell. We
find that evolution of a typical Type Ia supernova in a low ambient density
(n_0 ~ 0.3 cm^{-3}), with an upstream magnetic field of ~5\ microGauss, and
with ~16% of the SNR kinetic energy being converted into relativistic electrons
and ions through diffusive shock acceleration, reproduces the observed
properties of Tycho. Under such a scenario, the bulk of observed gamma-ray
emission at high energies is produced by pi^0-decay resulting from the
collisions of energetic hadrons, while inverse-Compton emission is significant
at lower energies, comprising roughly half of the flux between 1 and 10 GeV.


title: On Topological Shape Homotopy Groups

abstract:
  In this paper, using the topology on the set of shape morphisms between
arbitrary topological spaces $X$, $Y$, $Sh(X,Y)$, defined by Cuchillo-Ibanez et
al. in 1999, we consider a topology on the shape homotopy groups of arbitrary
topological spaces which make them Hausdorff topological groups. We then
exhibit an example in which $\check{\pi}_k^{top}$ succeeds in distinguishing
the shape type of $X$ and $Y$ while $\check{\pi}_k$ fails, for all $k\in
\Bbb{N}$. Moreover, we present some basic properties of topological shape
homotopy groups, among them commutativity of $\check{\pi}_k^{top}$ with finite
product of compact Hausdorff spaces. Finally, we consider a quotient topology
on the $k$th shape group induced by the $k$th shape loop space and show that it
coincides with the above topology.


title: On homological notions of Banach algebras related to a character

abstract:
  In this paper, we countinue our work in \cite{11}.
  We show that $L^{1}(G,w)$ is $\phi_{0}$-biprojective if and only if $G$ is
compact, where $\phi_{0}$ is the augmentation character. We introduce the
notions of character Johnson amenability and character Johnson contractibility
for Banach algebras. We show that $\ell^{1}(S)$ is pseudo-amenable if and only
if $\ell^{1}(S)$ is character Johnson-amenable, provided that $S$ is a
uniformly locally finite band semigroup.
  We give some conditions whether $\phi$-biprojectivity ($\phi$-biflatness) of
$\ell^{1}(S)$ implies the finiteness (amenability) of $S$, respectively.


title:
A Compact Orbital Angular Momentum Spectrometer Using Quantum Zeno
  Interrogation

abstract:
  We present a scheme to measure the orbital angular momentum spectrum of light
using a precisely timed optical loop and quantum non-demolition measurements.
We also discuss the influence of imperfect optical components.


title: Millimeter Wave Cellular Wireless Networks: Potentials and Challenges

abstract:
  Millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies between 30 and 300 GHz are a new frontier
for cellular communication that offers the promise of orders of magnitude
greater bandwidths combined with further gains via beamforming and spatial
multiplexing from multi-element antenna arrays. This paper surveys measurements
and capacity studies to assess this technology with a focus on small cell
deployments in urban environments. The conclusions are extremely encouraging;
measurements in New York City at 28 and 73 GHz demonstrate that, even in an
urban canyon environment, significant non-line-of-sight (NLOS) outdoor,
street-level coverage is possible up to approximately 200 m from a potential
low power micro- or picocell base station. In addition, based on statistical
channel models from these measurements, it is shown that mmW systems can offer
more than an order of magnitude increase in capacity over current
state-of-the-art 4G cellular networks at current cell densities. Cellular
systems, however, will need to be significantly redesigned to fully achieve
these gains. Specifically, the requirement of highly directional and adaptive
transmissions, directional isolation between links and significant
possibilities of outage have strong implications on multiple access, channel
structure, synchronization and receiver design. To address these challenges,
the paper discusses how various technologies including adaptive beamforming,
multihop relaying, heterogeneous network architectures and carrier aggregation
can be leveraged in the mmW context.


title:
An Operational Interpretation of Negative Probabilities and
  No-Signalling Models

abstract:
  Negative probabilities have long been discussed in connection with the
foundations of quantum mechanics. We have recently shown that, if signed
measures are allowed on the hidden variables, the class of probability models
which can be captured by local hidden-variable models are exactly the
no-signalling models. However, the question remains of how negative
probabilities are to be interpreted. In this paper, we present an operational
interpretation of negative probabilities as arising from standard probabilities
on signed events. This leads, by virtue of our previous result, to a systematic
scheme for simulating arbitrary no-signalling models.


title: The shape of dark matter halo in PRG NGC 4262

abstract:
  With the aim to determine the spatial distribution of dark matter, we
investigate the polar ring galaxy NGC 4262. We used the stellar kinematics data
for the central galaxy obtained from optical spectroscopy together with
information about the kinematics of the neutral hydrogen for polar component.
It was shown that NGC 4262 is the classic polar ring galaxy case with the
relative angle of $88^{\circ}$ between components. From simulations of the
central galaxy and ring kinematics we found that the shape of the dark matter
distribution varies strongly with the radius. Namely, the dark matter halo is
flattened towards the galactic disk plane $c/a=0.4$, however it is prolate to
the orthogonal (polar) plane far beyond the central galaxy $c/a=1.7$. Also, the
simulations of the ring evolution let us to confirm the stability of the ring
and the formation of quasi-spiral structures within it.


title:
Carleson Measures and Toeplitz operators for weighted Bergman spaces on
  the unit ball

abstract:
  Some new characterizations on Carleson measures for weighted Bergman spaces
on the unit ball involving product of functions are obtained. For these we
characterize bounded and compact Toeplitz operators between weighted Bergman
spaces. The above results are applied to characterize bounded and compact
extended Ces\`aro operators and pointwise multiplication operators. The results
are new even in the case of the unit disk.


title: Antiproton Limits on Decaying Gravitino Dark Matter

abstract:
  We report on constraints on the lifetime of decaying gravitino dark matter in
models with bilinear R-parity violation derived from observations of cosmic-ray
antiprotons with the PAMELA experiment. Performing a scan over a viable set of
cosmic-ray propagation parameters we find lower limits ranging from $8\times
10^{28}$s to $6\times 10^{28}$s for gravitino masses from roughly 100 GeV to 10
TeV. Comparing these limits to constraints derived from gamma-ray and neutrino
observations we conclude that the presented antiproton limits are currently the
strongest and most robust limits on the gravitino lifetime in the considered
mass range. These constraints correspond to upper limits on the size of the
bilinear R-parity breaking parameter in the range of $10^{-8}$ to $8\times
10^{-13}$.


title:
Classification of ideal submanifolds of real space forms with type
  number $\leq 2$

abstract:
  Roughly speaking, an ideal immersion of a Riemannian manifold into a real
space form is an isometric immersion which produces the least possible amount
of tension from the ambient space at each point of the submanifold. The main
purpose of this paper is to completely classify all non-minimal ideal
submanifolds of real space forms with type number $\leq 2$.


title: Melikyan algebra is a deformation of a Poisson algebra

abstract:
  We prove, using computer, that the restricted Melikyan algebra of dimension
125 is a deformation of a Poisson algebra.


title: Axioms and Decidability for Type Isomorphism in the Presence of Sums

abstract:
  We consider the problem of characterizing isomorphisms of types, or,
equivalently, constructive cardinality of sets, in the simultaneous presence of
disjoint unions, Cartesian products, and exponentials. Mostly relying on
results about polynomials with exponentiation that have not been used in our
context, we derive: that the usual finite axiomatization known as High-School
Identities (HSI) is complete for a significant subclass of types; that it is
decidable for that subclass when two types are isomorphic; that, for the whole
of the set of types, a recursive extension of the axioms of HSI exists that is
complete; and that, for the whole of the set of types, the question as to
whether two types are isomorphic is decidable when base types are to be
interpreted as finite sets. We also point out certain related open problems.


title:
Zero-Delay Joint Source-Channel Coding for a Multivariate Gaussian on a
  Gaussian MAC

abstract:
  In this paper, communication of a Multivariate Gaussian over a Gaussian
Multiple Access Channel is studied. Distributed zero-delay joint source-channel
coding (JSCC) solutions to the problem are given. Both nonlinear and linear
approaches are discussed. The performance upper bound (signal-to-distortion
ratio) for arbitrary code length is also derived and Zero-delay cooperative
JSCC is briefly addressed in order to provide an approximate bound on the
performance of zero-delay schemes. The main contribution is a nonlinear hybrid
discrete-analog JSSC scheme based on distributed quantization and a linear
continuous mapping named Distributed Quantizer Linear Coder (DQLC). The DQLC
has promising performance which improves with increasing correlation, and is
robust against variations in noise level. The DQLC exhibits a constant gap to
the performance upper bound as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) becomes large
for any number of sources and values of correlation. Therefore it outperforms a
linear solution (uncoded transmission) in any case when the SNR gets
sufficiently large.


title: Multi Terminal Probabilistic Compressed Sensing

abstract:
  In this paper, the `Approximate Message Passing' (AMP) algorithm, initially
developed for compressed sensing of signals under i.i.d. Gaussian measurement
matrices, has been extended to a multi-terminal setting (MAMP algorithm). It
has been shown that similar to its single terminal counterpart, the behavior of
MAMP algorithm is fully characterized by a `State Evolution' (SE) equation for
large block-lengths. This equation has been used to obtain the rate-distortion
curve of a multi-terminal memoryless source. It is observed that by spatially
coupling the measurement matrices, the rate-distortion curve of MAMP algorithm
undergoes a phase transition, where the measurement rate region corresponding
to a low distortion (approximately zero distortion) regime is fully
characterized by the joint and conditional Renyi information dimension (RID) of
the multi-terminal source. This measurement rate region is very similar to the
rate region of the Slepian-Wolf distributed source coding problem where the RID
plays a role similar to the discrete entropy.
  Simulations have been done to investigate the empirical behavior of MAMP
algorithm. It is observed that simulation results match very well with
predictions of SE equation for reasonably large block-lengths.


title: New Results for the Two-Stage Contact Process

abstract:
  Here we continue the work started by Steve Krone on the two-stage contact
process. We give a simplified proof of the duality relation, and answer most of
the open questions posed in that paper. We also fill in the details of an
incomplete proof.


title: Association Rules Mining Based Clinical Observations

abstract:
  Healthcare institutes enrich the repository of patients' disease related
information in an increasing manner which could have been more useful by
carrying out relational analysis. Data mining algorithms are proven to be quite
useful in exploring useful correlations from larger data repositories. In this
paper we have implemented Association Rules mining based a novel idea for
finding co-occurrences of diseases carried by a patient using the healthcare
repository. We have developed a system-prototype for Clinical State Correlation
Prediction (CSCP) which extracts data from patients' healthcare database,
transforms the OLTP data into a Data Warehouse by generating association rules.
The CSCP system helps reveal relations among the diseases. The CSCP system
predicts the correlation(s) among primary disease (the disease for which the
patient visits the doctor) and secondary disease/s (which is/are other
associated disease/s carried by the same patient having the primary disease).


title: Eigenvalue statistics for product complex Wishart matrices

abstract:
  The eigenvalue statistics for complex $N \times N$ Wishart matrices
$X_{r,s}^\dagger X_{r,s}$, where $ X_{r,s}$ is equal to the product of $r$
complex Gaussian matrices, and the inverse of $s$ complex Gaussian matrices,
are considered. In the case $r=s$ the exact form of the global density is
computed. The averaged characteristic polynomial for the corresponding
generalized eigenvalue problem is calculated in terms of a particular
generalized hypergeometric function ${}_{s+1} F_r$. For finite $N$ the
eigenvalue probability density function is computed, and is shown to be an
example of a biorthogonal ensemble. A double contour integral form of the
corresponding correlation kernel is derived, which allows the hard edge scaled
limit to be computed. The limiting kernel is given in terms of certain Meijer
G-functions, and is identical to that found in the recent work of Kuijlaars and
Zhang in the case $s=0$. Properties of the kernel and corresponding correlation
functions are discussed.


title: Probing neutrino physics at LHC through R-parity breaking supersymmetry

abstract:
  R-parity conservation is an ad-hoc assumption in the most popular versions of
supersymmetric scenarios. Hence R-parity violation (RPV) not only is allowed
but, if induced by bilinear terms (bRPV), it also provides an explanation for
the observed neutrino masses and mixing. Here bRPV models are discussed, giving
emphasis on the $\mu$-from-$\nu$ supersymmetric standard model, which is
characterised by a rich Higgs sector that easily accommodates a 125-GeV Higgs
boson. The phenomenology of such models at the Large Hadron Collider is
reviewed and some recent results obtained by LHC experiments are presented. The
possibility to extend such analyses to probe bRPV scenarios with a gravitino
dark matter candidate is also explored.


title:
On the completeness and Riesz basis property of root subspaces of
  boundary value problems for first order systems and applications

abstract:
  The paper is concerned with the completeness property of root functions of
general boundary value problems for $n \times n$ first order systems of
ordinary differential equations on a finite interval. In comparison with the
recent paper [45] we substantially relax the assumptions on boundary conditions
guarantying the completeness of root vectors, allowing them to be non-weakly
regular and even degenerate. Emphasize that in this case the completeness
property substantially depends on the values of a potential matrix at the
endpoints of the interval.
  It is also shown that the system of root vectors of the general $n \times n$
Dirac type system subject to certain boundary conditions forms a Riesz basis
with parentheses. We also show that arbitrary complete dissipative boundary
value problem for Dirac type operator with a summable potential matrix admits
the spectral synthesis in $L^2([0,1]; \mathbb{C}^n)$. Finally, we apply our
results to investigate completeness and the Riesz basis property of the dynamic
generator of spatially non-homogenous damped Timoshenko beam model.


title: Symmetries of quasiplatonic Riemann surfaces

abstract:
  We state and prove a corrected version of a theorem of Singerman, which
relates the existence of symmetries (anticonformal involutions) of a
quasiplatonic Riemann surface $\mathcal S$ (one uniformised by a normal
subgroup $N$ of finite index in a cocompact triangle group $\Delta$) to the
properties of the group $G=\Delta/N$. We give examples to illustrate the
revised necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of symmetries,
and we relate them to properties of the associated dessins d'enfants, or
hypermaps.


abstract:
  The aim of the paper is to construct some Godbillon-Vey classes of a family
of regular foliations, defined in the paper. These classes are cohomology
classes on the manifold or on suitable open subsets. Some examples are also
considered.


title:
Ideal Theory in Rings (Translation of "Idealtheorie in Ringbereichen" by
  Emmy Noether)

abstract:
  This paper is a translation of the paper "Idealtheorie in Ringbereichen",
written by Emmy Noether in 1920, from the original German into English. It in
particular brings the language used into the modern world so that it is easily
understandable by the mathematicians of today.
  The paper itself deals with ideal theory, and was revolutionary in its field,
that is modern algebra. Topics covered include: the representation of an ideal
as the least common multiple of irreducible ideals; the representation of an
ideal as the least common multiple of maximal primary ideals; the association
of prime ideals with primary ideals; the representation of an ideal as the
least common multiple of relatively prime irreducible ideals; isolated ideals;
the representation of an ideal as the product of coprime irreducible ideals;
equivalent concepts regarding modules.


title:
Measurement of the spectral line shapes for orbital excitations in the
  Mott insulator CoO using high-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering

abstract:
  We establish the spectral line shape of orbital excitations created by
resonant inelastic X-ray scattering for the model Mott insulator CoO. Improved
experimental energy resolution reveals that the line shapes are strikingly
different from expectations in a first principles-based atomic multiplet model.
Extended theoretical simulations are performed to identify the underlying
physical origins, which include a pronounced thermal tail reminiscent of
anti-Stokes scattering on the energy gain side of excitations, and an essential
contribution from interatomic many-body dynamics on the energy loss side of
excitations.


title: N-flation with Hierarchically Light Axions in String Compactifications

abstract:
  We present an explicit embedding of axionic N-flation in type IIB string
compactifications where most of the Kahler moduli are stabilised by
perturbative effects, and so are hierarchically heavier than the corresponding
N >> 1 axions whose collective dynamics drives inflation. This is achieved in
the framework of the LARGE Volume Scenario for moduli stabilisation. Our set-up
can be used to realise a model of either inflation or quintessence, just by
varying the volume of the internal space which controls the scale of the
axionic potential. Both cases predict a very high scale of supersymmetry
breaking. A viable reheating of the Standard Model degrees of freedom can be
achieved after the end of inflation due to the perturbative decay of the N
light axions which drive inflation.


title: A Proof of Kamp's theorem

abstract: We provide a simple proof of Kamp's theorem.


title: K-theory, reality, and duality

abstract:
  We show that the real K-theory spectrum KO is Anderson self-dual using the
method previously employed in the second author's calculation of the Anderson
dual of Tmf. Indeed the current work can be considered as a lower chromatic
version of that calculation. Emphasis is given to an algebro-geometric
interpretation of this result in spectrally derived algebraic geometry. We
finish by applying the result to a calculation of 2-primary Gross-Hopkins
duality at height 1, and obtain an independent calculation of the group of
exotic elements of the K(1)-local Picard group.


title:
Some classes of Wiener--Hopf plus Hankel operators and the
  Coburn-Simonenko Theorem

abstract:
  Wiener-Hopf plus Hankel operators $W(a)+H(b):L^p(\mathbb{R}^+)\to
L^p(\mathbb{R}^+)$ with generating functions $a$ and $b$ from a subalgebra of
$L^\infty(\mathbb{R})$ containing almost periodic functions and Fourier images
of $L^1(\mathbb{R})$-functions are studied. For $a$ and $b$ satisfying the
so-called matching condition
  \begin{equation*} a(t) a(-t)=b(t) b(-t), \quad t\in \mathbb{R},
\end{equation*} we single out some classes of operators $W(a)+H(b)$ which are
subject to Coburn-Simonenko theorem.


title:
One-dimensional topological insulator: a model for studying finite-size
  effects in topological insulator thin films

abstract:
  As a model for describing finite-size effects in topological insulator thin
films, we study a one-dimensional (1D) effective model of a topological
insulator (TI). Using this effective 1D model, we reveal the precise
correspondence between the spatial profile of the surface wave function, and
the dependence of the finite-size energy gap on the thickness (Lx) of the film.
We solve the boundary problem both in the semi-infinite and slab geometries to
show that the Lx-dependence of the size gap is a direct measure of the
amplitude of the surface wave function at the depth of x=Lx+1 [here, the
boundary condition is chosen such that the wave function vanishes at x=0].
Depending on the parameters, the edge state function shows either a damped
oscillation (in the "TI-oscillatory" region of FIG. 2, or becomes overdamped
(ibid., in the "TI-overdamped" phase). In the original 3D bulk TI, an asymmetry
in the spectrum of valence and conduction bands is omnipresent. Here, we
demonstrate by tuning this asymmetry one can drive a crossover from the
TI-oscillatory to the TI-overdamped phase.


title:
Tropical Independence I: Shapes of Divisors and a Proof of the
  Gieseker-Petri Theorem

abstract:
  We develop a framework to apply tropical and nonarchimedean analytic
techniques to multiplication maps on linear series and study degenerations of
these multiplications maps when the special fiber is not of compact type. As an
application, we give a tropical criterion for a curve over a valued field to be
Gieseker-Petri general.


title: A Poincare-Starobinsky-Yang-Mills type model of dark energy

abstract:
  Starting from the Poincare Gauge principle and a Starobinsky-Yang-Mills type
Lagrangian a model of dark energy is developed. In order to evade any
unnecessary controversy regarding frames (i.e. Einstein .vs. Jordan) the theory
is treated using the original variables instead of transforming them to a
scalar-tensor theory. The field equations are derived directly from the
original Lagrangian using the variational principle. The cosmological equations
are different from the Friedmann equations, but the acceleration equation gives
the same result as the one of the $\Lambda $CDM model in the matter-dominated
era. Furthermore, it indicates an inflation in the early time and the
radiation-dominated era as the Starobinsky model. The cosmological constant
naturally emerges from the Yang-Mills terms of the Lagrangian rather than be
added artificially. The equation of state of the dark energy depends on the
density of the matter and then the coincidence and fine tuning problem is
solved naturally.
  In order to compare with the popular $\Lambda $CDM model, the cosmological
perturbations is investigated. The equations for linear perturbations of the
metric and for the density contrast growth are derived. The explicit analytic
solutions are obtained. The gravitational potential and the growth of the
baryon matter density perturbation can be used to clarify whether this model is
in agreement with standard $\Lambda $CDM predictions and experimental data.


title:
Thermodynamics of rotating black holes and black rings: phase
  transitions and thermodynamic volume

abstract:
  In this review we summarize, expand, and set in context recent developments
on the thermodynamics of black holes in extended phase space, where the
cosmological constant is interpreted as thermodynamic pressure and treated as a
thermodynamic variable in its own right. We specifically consider the
thermodynamics of higher-dimensional rotating asymptotically flat and AdS black
holes and black rings in a canonical (fixed angular momentum) ensemble. We plot
the associated thermodynamic potential-the Gibbs free energy-and study its
behaviour to uncover possible thermodynamic phase transitions in these black
hole spacetimes. We show that the multiply-rotating Kerr-AdS black holes
exhibit a rich set of interesting thermodynamic phenomena analogous to the
"every day thermodynamics" of simple substances, such as reentrant phase
transitions of multicomponent liquids, multiple first-order solid/liquid/gas
phase transitions, and liquid/gas phase transitions of the Van der Waals type.
Furthermore, the reentrant phase transitions also occur for multiply-spinning
asymptotically flat Myers-Perry black holes. The thermodynamic volume, a
quantity conjugate to the thermodynamic pressure, is studied for AdS black
rings and demonstrated to satisfy the reverse isoperimetric inequality; this
provides a first example of calculation confirming the validity of
isoperimetric inequality conjecture for a black hole with non-spherical horizon
topology. The equation of state P=P(V,T) is studied for various black holes
both numerically and analytically-in the ultraspinning and slow rotation
regimes.


title: Galactic dynamo seeds from non-superconducting spin-polarised strings

abstract:
  Earlier Enqvist and Olesen have shown that formation of ferromagnetic planar
walls in vacuum at GUT scales in comoving plasmas may generate a large scale
magnetic field of $B_{now}\simeq{10^{-14}G}$. In this paper we show that
starting from classical Einstein-Cartan-Maxwell strong gravity, a
spin-polarised ferromagnetic cylinder gives rise to a cosmological magnetic
field of the order $B_{now}\simeq{10^{-22}G}$. Vorticity of cylinder is used to
obtain galactic magnetic fields. Magnetic fields up to $B\sim{10^{9}G}$ can be
obtained from the spin density of the cylinder. If matching conditions are used
cosmological magnetic fields of the order of $B\sim{10^{-16}R\frac{Gauss}{cm}}$
where $R$ is the radius of the cosmic strings. For a cosmic string with the
radius of an hydrogen atom the cosmic magnetic field is $B\sim{10^{-32}Gauss}$
which is enough to seed galactic dynamos.


title: Sums and differences of correlated random sets

abstract:
  Many fundamental questions in additive number theory (such as Goldbach's
conjecture, Fermat's last theorem, and the Twin Primes conjecture) can be
expressed in the language of sum and difference sets. As a typical pair of
elements contributes one sum and two differences, we expect that $|A-A| >
|A+A|$ for a finite set $A$. However, in 2006 Martin and O'Bryant showed that a
positive proportion of subsets of $\{0, \dots, n\}$ are sum-dominant, and Zhao
later showed that this proportion converges to a positive limit as $n \to
\infty$. Related problems, such as constructing explicit families of
sum-dominant sets, computing the value of the limiting proportion, and
investigating the behavior as the probability of including a given element in
$A$ to go to zero, have been analyzed extensively.
  We consider many of these problems in a more general setting. Instead of just
one set $A$, we study sums and differences of pairs of \emph{correlated} sets
$(A,B)$. Specifically, we place each element $a \in \{0,\dots, n\}$ in $A$ with
probability $p$, while $a$ goes in $B$ with probability $\rho_1$ if $a \in A$
and probability $\rho_2$ if $a \not \in A$. If $|A+B| > |(A-B) \cup (B-A)|$, we
call the pair $(A,B)$ a \emph{sum-dominant $(p,\rho_1, \rho_2)$-pair}. We prove
that for any fixed $\vec{\rho}=(p, \rho_1, \rho_2)$ in $(0,1)^3$, $(A,B)$ is a
sum-dominant $(p,\rho_1, \rho_2)$-pair with positive probability, and show that
this probability approaches a limit $P(\vec{\rho})$. Furthermore, we show that
the limit function $P(\vec{\rho})$ is continuous. We also investigate what
happens as $p$ decays with $n$, generalizing results of Hegarty-Miller on phase
transitions. Finally, we find the smallest sizes of MSTD pairs.


title:
"Quark Confinement" and Evolution of Covariant Hadron-Classification
  Scheme

abstract:
  The extension of Non-Relativistic-to-Covariant classification scheme seems to
be an urgent problem in the Hadron Spectroscopy. Here are given the recent
results of our research. 1) Brief history of our way of the extension on
Kinematical Frameworks: from SU(2)_{sigma} $\otimes$ O(3)_{L} to U (4)_{DS,m}
(Tensor-space of Dirac Spinor with the static unitary symm. SU(2)_{m}, which is
new Mass-Reversal symm. reflecting the situation of Q.C.) $\otimes O(2)_{r\perp
v}$ (2-dim. internal spatial-vector r vertical to Boost-velocity v, embedded in
the O(3,1)_{Lorentz}). Also is brought in Cov. scheme the thus far Overlooked
Chirality Symm. of QCD/Stand. Gauge Model. 2) Propertime tau-Quantum Mechanics
for Conf. Q. System and Quantization of Comp. Hadron field is developed. The
similar to conventional procedures are performed in Lorentz-Inv. Particle Frame
(Galilean Inertial Frame with v=const) which becomes Lorentz-Cov. Observer F.,
when v=0. The one notable feature of the tau-Q.M. is concerned only
future-development, inducing the Crossing Rule; the other also inducing
Existence of the Chiral-Quark (JP=(1/2)-) in addition to Pauli-Quark
(JP=(1/2)+), which is Origin of SU(2)_m-symm., leading to Existence of
New-Exotics. 3) Evolved framework of hadron spectroscopy guided by tau-Q.M. is
summarized: Especially, "Regge Trajectories", in qqbar meson system are given
by $M^2$ vs. $\hat{N}(n,l)$; $M^2=M_{0}^2+N \Omega$ (N=2n+l), Intrinsic spin of
Comp. Hadrons J=S, where Orbital l contributes only to N. 4) New Classif.
scheme is applied to Phenomenology of Bottomonium System.As a result is shown
Remarkable Fact, including a serious Problem in the N.R. scheme, concerned on
Spin-Flip Mechanism of Heavy Quarks, seems to disappear in our scheme. This
seems to suggest that the phenomenological knowledge,thus far obtained
resorting on N.R.scheme, should be reexamined from the covariant one.


title:
Basic Brackets of a 2D Model for the Hodge Theory without its Canonical
  Conjugate Momenta

abstract:
  We deduce the canonical brackets for a two (1 + 1)-dimensional (2D) free
Abelian 1-form gauge theory by exploiting the beauty and strength of the
continuous symmetries of a Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) invariant
Lagrangian density that respects, in totality, six continuous symmetries. These
symmetries entail upon this model to become a field theoretic example of Hodge
theory. Taken together, these symmetries enforce the existence of exactly the
same canonical brackets amongst the creation and annihilation operators that
are found to exist within the standard canonical quantization scheme. These
creation and annihilation operators appear in the normal mode expansion of the
basic fields of this theory. In other words, we provide an alternative to the
canonical method of quantization for our present model of Hodge theory where
the continuous internal symmetries play a decisive role. We conjecture that our
method of quantization is valid for a class of field theories that are
tractable physical examples for the Hodge theory. This statement is true in any
arbitrary dimension of spacetime.


title:
Characteristic local discontinuous Galerkin methods for solving
  time-dependent convection-dominated Navier-Stokes equations

abstract:
  Combining the characteristic method and the local discontinuous Galerkin
method with carefully constructing numerical fluxes, we design the variational
formulations for the time-dependent convection-dominated Navier-Stokes
equations in $\mathbb{R}^2$. The proposed symmetric variational formulation is
strictly proved to be unconditionally stable; and the scheme has the striking
benefit that the conditional number of the matrix of the corresponding matrix
equation does not increase with the refining of the meshes. The presented
scheme works well for a wide range of Reynolds numbers, e.g., the scheme still
has good error convergence when $Re=0.5 e+005$ or $1.0 e+ 008$. Extensive
numerical experiments are performed to show the optimal convergence orders and
the contours of the solutions of the equation with given initial and boundary
conditions.


title:
On the Optimality of Treating Interference as Noise: General Message
  Sets

abstract:
  In a K-user Gaussian interference channel, it has been shown that if for each
user the desired signal strength is no less than the sum of the strengths of
the strongest interference from this user and the strongest interference to
this user (all values in dB scale), then treating interference as noise (TIN)
is optimal from the perspective of generalized degrees-of-freedom (GDoF) and
achieves the entire channel capacity region to within a constant gap. In this
work, we show that for such TIN-optimal interference channels, even if the
message set is expanded to include an independent message from each transmitter
to each receiver, operating the new channel as the original interference
channel and treating interference as noise is still optimal for the sum
capacity up to a constant gap. Furthermore, we extend the result to the
sum-GDoF optimality of TIN in the general setting of X channels with arbitrary
numbers of transmitters and receivers.


title:
HEIDI: An Automated Process for the Identification and Extraction of
  Photometric Light Curves from Astronomical Images

abstract:
  The production of photometric light curves from astronomical images is a very
time-consuming task. Larger data sets improve the resolution of the light
curve, however, the time requirement scales with data volume. The data analysis
is often made more difficult by factors such as a lack of suitable calibration
sources and the need to correct for variations in observing conditions from one
image to another. Often these variations are unpredictable and corrections are
based on experience and intuition.
  The High Efficiency Image Detection & Identification (HEIDI) pipeline
software rapidly processes sets of astronomical images. HEIDI automatically
selects multiple sources for calibrating the images using an algorithm that
provides a reliable means of correcting for variations between images in a time
series. The algorithm takes into account that some sources may intrinsically
vary on short time scales and excludes these from being used as calibration
sources. HEIDI processes a set of images from an entire night of observation,
analyses the variations in brightness of the target objects and produces a
light curve all in a matter of minutes.
  HEIDI has been tested on three different time series of asteroid 939 Isberga
and has produced consistent high quality photometric light curves in a fraction
of the usual processing time. The software can also be used for other transient
sources, e.g. gamma-ray burst optical afterglows.
  HEIDI is implemented in Python and processes time series astronomical images
with minimal user interaction. HEIDI processes up to 1000 images per run in the
standard configuration. This limit can be easily increased. HEIDI is not
telescope-dependent and will process images even in the case that no telescope
specifications are provided. HEIDI has been tested on various Linux . HEIDI is
very portable and extremely versatile with minimal hardware requirements.


title:
Practical and fast quantum random number generation based on photon
  arrival time relative to external reference

abstract:
  We present a practical high-speed quantum random number generator, where the
timing of single-photon detection relative to an external time reference is
measured as the raw data. The bias of the raw data can be substantially reduced
compared with the previous realizations. The raw random bit rate of our
generator can reach 109 Mbps. We develop a model for the generator and evaluate
the min-entropy of the raw data. Toeplitz matrix hashing is applied for
randomness extraction, after which the final random bits are able to pass the
standard randomness tests.


title: Glass-like phonon scattering from a spontaneous nanostructure in AgSbTe2

abstract:
  Materials with very low thermal conductivity are of high interest for both
thermoelectric and optical phase-change applications. Synthetic nanostructuring
is most promising to suppress thermal conductivity by scattering phonons, but
challenges remain in producing bulk samples. We show that in crystalline
AgSbTe$_2$, a spontaneously-forming nanostructure leads to a suppression of
thermal conductivity to a glass-like level. Our mapping of the phonon
mean-free-paths provides a novel bottom-up microscopic account of thermal
conductivity, and also reveals intrinsic anisotropies associated with the
nanostructure. Ground-state degeneracy in AgSbTe$_2$ leads to the natural
formation of nanoscale domains with different orderings on the cation
sublattice, and correlated atomic displacements, which efficiently scatter
phonons. This mechanism is general and points to a new avenue in nano-scale
engineering of materials, to achieve low thermal conductivities for efficient
thermoelectric converters and phase-change memory devices.


title: Differentially Private Distributed Optimization

abstract:
  In distributed optimization and iterative consensus literature, a standard
problem is for $N$ agents to minimize a function $f$ over a subset of Euclidean
space, where the cost function is expressed as a sum $\sum f_i$. In this paper,
we study the private distributed optimization (PDOP) problem with the
additional requirement that the cost function of the individual agents should
remain differentially private. The adversary attempts to infer information
about the private cost functions from the messages that the agents exchange.
Achieving differential privacy requires that any change of an individual's cost
function only results in unsubstantial changes in the statistics of the
messages. We propose a class of iterative algorithms for solving PDOP, which
achieves differential privacy and convergence to the optimal value. Our
analysis reveals the dependence of the achieved accuracy and the privacy levels
on the the parameters of the algorithm. We observe that to achieve
$\epsilon$-differential privacy the accuracy of the algorithm has the order of
$O(\frac{1}{\epsilon^2})$.


title: Multivariate Density Estimation via Adaptive Partitioning (I): Sieve MLE

abstract:
  We study a non-parametric approach to multivariate density estimation. The
estimators are piecewise constant density functions supported by binary
partitions. The partition of the sample space is learned by maximizing the
likelihood of the corresponding histogram on that partition. We analyze the
convergence rate of the sieve maximum likelihood estimator, and reach a
conclusion that for a relatively rich class of density functions the rate does
not directly depend on the dimension. This suggests that, under certain
conditions, this method is immune to the curse of dimensionality, in the sense
that it is possible to get close to the parametric rate even in high
dimensions. We also apply this method to several special cases, and calculate
the explicit convergence rates respectively.


title: Resilience and Controllability of Dynamic Collective Behaviors

abstract:
  The network paradigm is used to gain insight into the structural root causes
of the resilience of consensus in dynamic collective behaviors, and to analyze
the controllability of the swarm dynamics. Here we devise the dynamic signaling
network which is the information transfer channel underpinning the swarm
dynamics of the directed interagent connectivity based on a topological
neighborhood of interactions. The study of the connectedness of the swarm
signaling network reveals the profound relationship between group size and
number of interacting neighbors, which is found to be in good agreement with
field observations on flock of starlings [Ballerini et al. (2008) Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 105: 1232]. Using a dynamical model, we generate dynamic
collective behaviors enabling us to uncover that the swarm signaling network is
a homogeneous clustered small-world network, thus facilitating emergent
outcomes if connectedness is maintained. Resilience of the emergent consensus
is tested by introducing exogenous environmental noise, which ultimately
stresses how deeply intertwined are the swarm dynamics in the physical and
network spaces. The availability of the signaling network allows us to
analytically establish for the first time the number of driver agents necessary
to fully control the swarm dynamics.


title: $\mu$ term and supersymmetry breaking from six dimensional theory

abstract:
  We propose a new next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) which
is on a six-dimensional spacetime compactified on a $T^2/Z_3$ orbifold. In this
model, three gauge singlet fields $N, S_1$ and $S_2$ in addition to the minimal
supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) fields are introduced. These fields are
localized at some fixed points except for the singlet $N$ and the gauge fields.
The $\mu$ parameter is provided from the vacuum expectation value (vev) of $N$.
The $F$ terms get vevs simultaneously, and the gauginos mediate the
supersymmetry breaking to the MSSM sector. Both of these parameters are
strongly suppressed due to the profile of $N$. Thus these parameters induced
from those of the order of the so-called GUT scale can become close to the
electroweak scale without unnatural fine tuning.


title:
Rolling, sliding & torsion of micron-sized silica particles -
  Experimental, numerical and theoretical analysis

abstract:
  The contact mechanics of individual, very small particles with other
particles and walls is studied using a nanoindenter setup that allows normal
and lateral displacement control and measurement of the respective forces. The
sliding, rolling and torsional forces and torques are tested with borosilicate
microspheres, featuring radii of about 10$\mu$m. The contacts are with flat
silicon substrates of different roughness for pure sliding and rolling and with
silicon based, ion-beam crafted rail systems for combined rolling and torsion.
  The experimental results are discussed and compared to various analytical
predictions and contact models, allowing for two concurrent interpretations of
the effects of surface roughness, plasticity and adhesion. This enables us to
determine both rolling and torsion friction coefficients together with their
associated length scales. Interestingly, even though normal contacts behave
elastically (Hertzian), all other modes of motion display effects due to
surface roughness and consequent plastic deformation. The influence of adhesion
is interpreted in the framework of different models and is very different for
different degrees of freedom, being largest for rolling.


title:
Local stellar kinematics from RAVE data- V. Kinematic investigation of
  the Galaxy with red clump stars

abstract:
  We investigated the space velocity components of 6610 red clump (RC) stars in
terms of vertical distance, Galactocentric radial distance and Galactic
longitude. Stellar velocity vectors are corrected for differential rotation of
the Galaxy which is taken into account using photometric distances of RC stars.
The space velocity components estimated for the sample stars above and below
the Galactic plane are compatible only for the space velocity component in the
direction to the Galactic rotation of the thin disc stars. The space velocity
component in the direction to the Galactic rotation (V) shows a smooth
variation relative to the mean Galactocentric radial distance (Rm), while it
attains its maximum at the Galactic plane. The space velocity components in the
Galactic centre (U) and in the vertical direction (W) show almost flat
distributions relative to Rm with small changes in their trends at Rm=7.5 kpc.
U values estimated for the RC stars in quadrant 180<l<=270 are larger than the
ones in quadrants 0<l<=90 and 270<l<=360. The smooth distribution of the space
velocity dispersions reveals that the thin and thick discs are kinematically
continuous components of the Galaxy. Based on the W space velocity components
estimated in the quadrants 0<l<=90 and 270<l<=360, in the inward direction
relative to the Sun, we showed that RC stars above the Galactic plane move
towards the North Galactic Pole, whereas those below the Galactic plane move in
the opposite direction. In the case of quadrant 180<l<=270, their behaviour is
different, i.e. the RC stars above and below the Galactic plane move towards
the Galactic plane. We stated that the Galactic long bar is the probable origin
of many, but not all, of the detected features.


title:
Enhancement and termination of the superconducting proximity effect due
  to atomic-scale defects visualized by scanning tunneling microscopy

abstract:
  Using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we have
studied the proximity effect at the interfaces between superconducting Pb
island structures and metallic Pb-induced striped-incommensurate phase formed
on a Si(111) substrate. Our real-space observation revealed that the step
structures on the two-dimensional metallic layer exhibit significant roles on
the propagation of the superconducting pair correlation; the proximity effect
is terminated by the steps, and in the confined area by the interface and the
steps the effect is enhanced. The observed results are explained quantitatively
with an elastic reflection of electrons at the step edges based on calculations
with the quasi-classical Green's function formulation using Usadel equation.


title:
Delay effects in the response of low grade gliomas to radiotherapy: A
  mathematical model and its therapeutical implications

abstract:
  Low grade gliomas (LGGs) are a group of primary brain tumors usually
encountered in young patient populations. These tumors represent a difficult
challenge because many patients survive a decade or more and may be at a higher
risk for treatment-related complications. Specifically, radiation therapy is
known to have a relevant effect on survival but in many cases it can be
deferred to avoid side effects while maintaining its beneficial effect.
However, a subset of low-grade gliomas manifests more aggressive clinical
behavior and requires earlier intervention. Moreover, the effectiveness of
radiotherapy depends on the tumor characteristics. Recently Pallud et al.,
[Neuro-oncology, 14(4):1-10, 2012], studied patients with LGGs treated with
radiation therapy as a first line therapy. and found the counterintuitive
result that tumors with a fast response to the therapy had a worse prognosis
than those responding late. In this paper we construct a mathematical model
describing the basic facts of glioma progression and response to radiotherapy.
The model provides also an explanation to the observations of Pallud et al.
Using the model we propose radiation fractionation schemes that might be
therapeutically useful by helping to evaluate the tumor malignancy while at the
same time reducing the toxicity associated to the treatment.


title:
Theoretical investigation on isomer formation probability and free
  energy of small C clusters

abstract:
  Molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations were employed to
investigate the evolution, formation probability, detailed balance and
isomerization rate of small C cluster isomers at 2500 K. For C10, the isomer
formation probability predicted by free energy is in good agreement with
molecular dynamics simulation. However, for C20, C30 and C36, the formation
probability predicted by free energy is not in agreement with molecular
dynamics and the detailed balance does not hold, indicating that the molecule
system is in non-equilibrium. Such result may be attributed to the
transformation barriers between cage, bowl and sheet isomers.


title:
Neutral weak current two-body contributions in inclusive scattering from
  $^{12}$C

abstract:
  An ab initio calculation of the sum rules of the neutral weak response
functions in $^{12}$C is reported, based on a realistic Hamiltonian, including
two- and three-nucleon potentials, and on realistic currents, consisting of
one- and two-body terms. We find that the sum rules of the response functions
associated with the longitudinal and transverse components of the (space-like)
neutral current are largest and that a significant portion ($\simeq 30$ %) of
the calculated strength is due to two-body terms. This fact may have
implications for the MiniBooNE and other neutrino quasi-elastic scattering data
on nuclei.


title:
Estimating the density-scaling exponent of a monatomic liquid from its
  pair potential

abstract:
  This paper investigates two conjectures for calculating the density
dependence of the density-scaling exponent of a single-component,
pair-potential liquid with strong virial potential-energy correlations. The
first conjecture gives an analytical expression for the density-scaling
exponent directly in terms of the pair potential. The second conjecture is a
refined version of this, which involves the most likely nearest-neighbor
distance determined from the pair-correlation function. The two conjectures for
the density-scaling exponent are tested by simulations of three systems, one of
which is the standard Lennard-Jones liquid. While both expressions give
qualitatively correct results, the second expression is more accurate.


title: Repair Locality From a Combinatorial Perspective

abstract:
  Repair locality is a desirable property for erasure codes in distributed
storage systems. Recently, different structures of local repair groups have
been proposed in the definitions of repair locality. In this paper, the concept
of regenerating set is introduced to characterize the local repair groups. A
definition of locality $r^{(\delta -1)}$ (i.e., locality $r$ with repair
tolerance $\delta -1$) under the most general structure of regenerating sets is
given. All previously studied locality turns out to be special cases of this
definition. Furthermore, three representative concepts of locality proposed
before are reinvestigated under the framework of regenerating sets, and their
respective upper bounds on the minimum distance are reproved in a uniform and
brief form. Additionally, a more precise distance bound is derived for the
square code which is a class of linear codes with locality $r^{(2)}$ and high
information rate, and an explicit code construction attaining the optimal
distance bound is obtained.


title: Algebraic geometry over free semilattice

abstract:
  We deal with equations over free semilattice of infinite rank and prove that
any infinite consistent system of equations is equivalent to its finite
subsystem. Moreover, we describe irreducible algebraic sets and solve some
algorithmic problems.


title: Quadratic Fluctuations of the Simple Exclusion Process

abstract:
  We introduce a two-dimensional, distribution-valued field which we call the
quadratic field associated to the one-dimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process.
We show that the stationary quadratic fluctuations of the simple exclusion
process, when rescaled in the diffusive scaling, converge to this quadratic
field. We show that this quadratic field evaluated at the diagonal corresponds
to the Wick-renormalized square of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, and we use
this new representation in order to prove some small and large-time properties
of it.

categories: math.PR cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.MP


title: A Survey of Volunteered Open Geo-Knowledge Bases in the Semantic Web

abstract:
  Over the past decade, rapid advances in web technologies, coupled with
innovative models of spatial data collection and consumption, have generated a
robust growth in geo-referenced information, resulting in spatial information
overload. Increasing 'geographic intelligence' in traditional text-based
information retrieval has become a prominent approach to respond to this issue
and to fulfill users' spatial information needs. Numerous efforts in the
Semantic Geospatial Web, Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), and the
Linking Open Data initiative have converged in a constellation of open
knowledge bases, freely available online. In this article, we survey these open
knowledge bases, focusing on their geospatial dimension. Particular attention
is devoted to the crucial issue of the quality of geo-knowledge bases, as well
as of crowdsourced data. A new knowledge base, the OpenStreetMap Semantic
Network, is outlined as our contribution to this area. Research directions in
information integration and Geographic Information Retrieval (GIR) are then
reviewed, with a critical discussion of their current limitations and future
prospects.


title: Some Applications of the Mirror Theorem for Toric Stacks

abstract:
  We use the mirror theorem for toric Deligne-Mumford stacks, proved recently
by the authors and by Cheong-Ciocan-Fontanine-Kim, to compute genus-zero
Gromov-Witten invariants of a number of toric orbifolds and gerbes. We prove a
mirror theorem for a class of complete intersections in toric Deligne-Mumford
stacks, and use this to compute genus-zero Gromov-Witten invariants of an
orbifold hypersurface.


title: Semi-constrained Systems

abstract:
  When transmitting information over a noisy channel, two approaches, dating
back to Shannon's work, are common: assuming the channel errors are independent
of the transmitted content and devising an error-correcting code, or assuming
the errors are data dependent and devising a constrained-coding scheme that
eliminates all offending data patterns. In this paper we analyze a middle road,
which we call a semiconstrained system. In such a system, which is an extension
of the channel with cost constraints model, we do not eliminate the
error-causing sequences entirely, but rather restrict the frequency in which
they appear.
  We address several key issues in this study. The first is proving closed-form
bounds on the capacity which allow us to bound the asymptotics of the capacity.
In particular, we bound the rate at which the capacity of the semiconstrained
$(0,k)$-RLL tends to $1$ as $k$ grows. The second key issue is devising
efficient encoding and decoding procedures that asymptotically achieve capacity
with vanishing error. Finally, we consider delicate issues involving the
continuity of the capacity and a relaxation of the definition of
semiconstrained systems.


title: Coset approach to the partial breaking of global supersymmetry

abstract:
  We propose a method to construct on-shell component actions for theories with
1/2 partial breaking of global supersymmetry within the nonlinear realization
(coset) approach. In contrast with the standard superfield approach in which
unbroken supersymmetry plays the leading role, we have shifted the attention to
the spontaneously broken supersymmetry. It turns out that in theories in which
half of supersymmetries is spontaneously broken, all physical fermions are just
the fermions of the nonlinear realization. Moreover, transformation properties
of these fermions with respect to broken supersymmetry are the same as in the
Volkov-Akulov model. Just this completely fixed all possible appearances of
fermions in the component action: they can enter the action through the
determinant of the vielbein and covariant derivatives, only. In our
parametrization of the coset the rest of physical components, i.e. all bosonic
components, transform as "matter fields" with respect to broken supersymmetry.
Clearly, the component action acquires the form of the Volkov-Akulov action for
these "matter fields". The complete form of the action can be further fixed by
two additional requirements: a) to reproduce the bosonic limit, which is
explicitly known in many interesting cases, and b) to have a proper linearized
form, which has to be invariant with respect to linearized unbroken
supersymmetry. In some cases additional Wess-Zumino terms (which disappear in
the bosonic limit) have to be added to the action. We supply the general
consideration by detailed examples of actions for the superparticle in D=3,5,
the on-shell component action for N=1, D=5 supermembrane and its dual cousins
and the component action of N=1 supermembrane in D=4, providing the exact proof
of the invariance of the constructed component actions with respect to both
broken and unbroken supersymmetries.


title:
Ultrafast Manipulation of a Double Quantum Dot via Lyapunov Control
  Method

abstract:
  For a double quantum dot (DQD) system, here we propose alternative ultrafast
manipulate approach: Lyapunov control method, to transfer the state from R to L
on the picosecond scale, orders of magnitude faster and transfer probability
higher than the previously measured electrically controlled charge- or
spin-based quits. The control laws are composed of two-direction components,
one is used to eliminate the dissipation in the system, another is used to
transfer the state. The control theory's stability ensures the system can be
transferred to the target state in high probability, and the coefficients in
control laws leads very fast convergence. The role of eliminating the
dissipation plays the suppression of decoherence effect. Numerical simulation
results show that under the realistic implementation conditions, the transfer
probability and fidelity can be increased up to 98.79% and 98.97%,
respectively. This is the first result directly applicable to a DQD system's
state transferring using the Lyapunov control method. We also give specific
experimental realization scheme.


title:
Large electron electric dipole moment in minimal flavor violation
  framework with Majorana neutrinos

abstract:
  The latest data from the ACME Collaboration have put a stringent constraint
on the electric dipole moment d_e of the electron. Nevertheless, the standard
model (SM) prediction for d_e is many orders of magnitude below the new result,
making this observable a powerful probe for physics beyond the SM. We carry out
a model-independent study of d_e in the SM with right handed neutrinos and its
extension with the neutrino seesaw mechanism under the framework of minimal
flavor violation. We find that d_e crucially depends on whether neutrinos are
Dirac or Majorana particles. In the Majorana case, d_e can reach its
experimental bound, and it constrains the scale of minimal flavor violation to
be above a few hundred GeV or more. We also explore extra CP-violating sources
in the Yukawa couplings of the right-handed neutrinos. Such new sources can
have important effects on d_e.


title:
Reversible Switching of Charge Injection Barriers at
  Metal/Organic-Semiconductor Contacts Modified with Structurally Disordered
  Molecular Monolayers

abstract:
  Metal/semiconductor interfaces govern the operation of semiconductor devices
through the formation of charge injection barriers that can be controlled by
tuning the metal work function. However, the controlling ability is typically
limited to being static. We show that a dynamic nature can be imparted to the
interfaces using electrode surface modification with a structurally disordered
molecular monolayer. The barrier height at the interfaces is altered
significantly in a reversible way by an external electric field. As a result, a
dramatic change in the carrier transport properties through the interfaces is
observed, such as a reversible polarity reversion of
metal/organic-semiconductor/metal diodes.


title: Computer model of teaching with the varied coefficient of forgetting

abstract:
  At computer modeling of process of training it is usually supposed that all
elements of a training material are forgotten with an identical speed. But in
practice that knowledge which are included in educational activity of the pupil
are remembered much more strongly and forgotten more slowly then knowledge
which he doesn't use. For the purpose of more exact research of didactic
systems is offered the model of training, in which consider that in case
increasing the number of applications of this element of a learning material:
1) duration of its use by the pupil decreases; 2) the coefficient of forgetting
decreases. The computer model is considered, programs in the Pascal language
are submitted, results of modeling are given and analyzed. Keywords: didactics,
information and cybernetic approach, computer modeling of process of training.


title: Sentiment Analysis Using Collaborated Opinion Mining

abstract:
  Opinion mining and Sentiment analysis have emerged as a field of study since
the widespread of World Wide Web and internet. Opinion refers to extraction of
those lines or phrase in the raw and huge data which express an opinion.
Sentiment analysis on the other hand identifies the polarity of the opinion
being extracted. In this paper we propose the sentiment analysis in
collaboration with opinion extraction, summarization, and tracking the records
of the students. The paper modifies the existing algorithm in order to obtain
the collaborated opinion about the students. The resultant opinion is
represented as very high, high, moderate, low and very low. The paper is based
on a case study where teachers give their remarks about the students and by
applying the proposed sentiment analysis algorithm the opinion is extracted and
represented.


title: Scale-free interpersonal influences on opinions in complex systems

abstract:
  An important side effect of the evolution of the human brain is an increased
capacity to form opinions in a very large domain of issues, which become points
of aggressive interpersonal disputes. Remarkably, such disputes are often no
less vigorous on small differences of opinion than large differences. Opinion
differences that may be measured on the real number line may not directly
correspond to the subjective importance of an issue and extent of resistance to
opinion change. This is a hard problem for field of opinion dynamics, a field
that has become increasingly prominent as it has attracted more contributions
to it from investigators in the natural and engineering sciences. The paper
contributes a scale-free approach to assessing the extents to which
individuals, with unknown heterogeneous resistances to influence, have been
influenced by the opinions of others.


title: Sets of multiplicity and closable multipliers on group algebras

abstract:
  We undertake a detailed study of the sets of multiplicity in a second
countable locally compact group $G$ and their operator versions. We establish a
symbolic calculus for normal completely bounded maps from the space
$\mathcal{B}(L^2(G))$ of bounded linear operators on $L^2(G)$ into the von
Neumann algebra $VN(G)$ of $G$ and use it to show that a closed subset
$E\subseteq G$ is a set of multiplicity if and only if the set $E^* =
\{(s,t)\in G\times G : ts^{-1}\in E\}$ is a set of operator multiplicity.
Analogous results are established for $M_1$-sets and $M_0$-sets. We show that
the property of being a set of multiplicity is preserved under various
operations, including taking direct products, and establish an Inverse Image
Theorem for such sets. We characterise the sets of finite width that are also
sets of operator multiplicity, and show that every compact operator supported
on a set of finite width can be approximated by sums of rank one operators
supported on the same set. We show that, if $G$ satisfies a mild approximation
condition, pointwise multiplication by a given measurable function $\psi : G\to
\mathbb{C}$ defines a closable multiplier on the reduced C*-algebra $C_r^*(G)$
of $G$ if and only if Schur multiplication by the function $N(\psi) : G\times
G\to \mathbb{C}$, given by $N(\psi)(s,t) = \psi(ts^{-1})$, is a closable
operator when viewed as a densely defined linear map on the space of compact
operators on $L^2(G)$. Similar results are obtained for multipliers on $VN(G)$.


title: Inverse monoids and immersions of 2-complexes

abstract:
  It is well known that under mild conditions on a connected topological space
$\mathcal X$, connected covers of $\mathcal X$ may be classified via conjugacy
classes of subgroups of the fundamental group of $\mathcal X$. In this paper,
we extend these results to the study of immersions into 2-dimensional
CW-complexes. An immersion $f : {\mathcal D} \rightarrow \mathcal C$ between
CW-complexes is a cellular map such that each point $y \in {\mathcal D}$ has a
neighborhood $U$ that is mapped homeomorphically onto $f(U)$ by $f$. In order
to classify immersions into a 2-dimensional CW-complex $\mathcal C$, we need to
replace the fundamental group of $\mathcal C$ by an appropriate inverse monoid.
We show how conjugacy classes of the closed inverse submonoids of this inverse
monoid may be used to classify connected immersions into the complex.


title:
The Formation of Spiral Galaxies: Adiabatic Compression with Young's
  Algorithm and the Relation of Dark Matter Haloes to Their Primordial
  Antecedents

abstract:
  We utilize Young's algorithm to model the adiabatic compression of the dark
matter haloes of galaxies in the THINGS survey to determine the relationship
between the halo fit to the rotation curve and the corresponding primordial
halo prior to compression. Young's algorithm conserves radial action and
angular momentum, resulting in less halo compression than more widely utilized
approximations. We find that estimates of the parameters of the NFW haloes fit
to the current dark matter distribution systematically overestimate the
concentration and underestimate the virial velocity of the corresponding
primordial halo. It is the latter that is predicted by dark matter simulations;
so accounting for compression is a necessary step for evaluating whether
massive galaxies are consistent with dark matter-only simulations. The inferred
primordial haloes broadly follow the c-V200 relation expected in a LCDM
cosmogony, but often scatter to lower concentrations. We are unable to obtain
fits at all for those galaxies whose current dark matter haloes are poorly
described by the NFW form. We thus find a mixed bag: some galaxies are
reasonably well described by adiabatic compression within a primordial NFW
halo, while others require additional mechanisms that reduce the density of
dark matter below the primordial initial condition.


title: A quantitative modulus of continuity for the two-phase Stefan problem

abstract:
  We derive the quantitative modulus of continuity $$ \omega(r)=\left[ p+\ln
\left( \frac{r_0}{r} \right) \right]^{-\alpha (n,p)}, $$ which we conjecture to
be optimal, for solutions of the $p$-degenerate two-phase Stefan problem. Even
in the classical case $p=2$, this represents a twofold improvement with respect
to the 1984 state-of-the-art result by DiBenedetto and Friedman [J. reine
angew. Math., 1984], in the sense that we discard one logarithm iteration and
obtain an explicit value for the exponent $\alpha (n,p)$.


title:
Model for quantum efficiency of guided mode plasmonic enhanced silicon
  Schottky detectors

abstract:
  Plasmonic enhanced Schottky detectors operating on the basis of the internal
photoemission process are becoming an attractive choice for detecting photons
with sub bandgap energy. Yet, the quantum efficiency of these detectors appears
to be low compare to the more conventional detectors which are based on
interband transitions in a semiconductor. Hereby we provide a theoretical model
to predict the quantum efficiency of guided mode internal photoemission
photodetector with focus on the platform of silicon plasmonics. The model is
supported by numerical simulations and comparison to experimental results.
Finally, we discuss approaches for further enhancement of the quantum
efficiency.


title:
Adjoint method for a tumor invasion PDE-constrained optimization problem
  using FEM

abstract:
  In this paper we present a method for estimating unknown parameter that
appear on a non-linear reaction-diffusion model of cancer invasion. This model
considers that tumor-induced alteration of micro-enviromental pH provides a
mechanism for cancer invasion. A coupled system reaction-diffusion describing
this model is given by three partial differential equations for the non
dimensional spatial distribution and temporal evolution of the density of
normal tissue, the neoplastic tissue growth and the excess concentration of
H$^+$ ions. Each of the model parameters has a corresponding biological
interpretation, for instance, the growth rate of neoplastic tissue, the
diffusion coefficient, the reabsorption rate and the destructive influence of
H$^+$ ions in the healthy tissue.
  After solving the forward problem properly, we use the model for the
estimation of parameters by fitting the numerical solution with real data,
obtained via in vitro experiments and fluorescence ratio imaging microscopy. We
define an appropriate functional to compare both the real data and the
numerical solution using the adjoint method for the minimization of this
functional.
  We apply Finite Element Method (FEM) to solve both the direct and inverse
problem, computing the \emph{a posteriori} error.


title: An FLRW Cosmology with a Chameleon Field

abstract:
  In this manuscript, the field equations of a chameleon field in which the
matter Lagrangian term is a general function of the scalar field as well as
matter field, are derived. The equations are then expressed in
Friedmann--Lema\^itre--Robertson--Walker~(FLRW) framework and the associated
phase portraits and a power law solution are discussed in details. It is shown
that why non-minimal coupling between the chameleon and matter fields leads to
an energy transfer between the fields which consequently, affects the expansion
rate of the universe. The transfer direction is determined by the second law of
thermodynamics. The solution indicates that an accelerating expansion of the
universe can be described as a result of the energy flow from the chameleon
field to matter field.


title:
Characterization of multipartite entanglement in terms of local
  transformations

abstract:
  The degree of the generators of invariant polynomial rings of is a long
standing open problem since the very initial study of the invariant theory in
the 19th century. Motivated by its significant role in characterizing
multipartite entanglement, we study the invariant polynomial rings of local
unitary group---the tensor product of unitary group, and local general linear
group---the tensor product of general linear group. For these two groups, we
prove polynomial upper bounds on the degree of the generators of invariant
polynomial rings. On the other hand, systematic methods are provided to to
construct all homogenous polynomials that are invariant under these two groups
for any fixed degree. Thus, our results can be regarded as a complete
characterization of the invariant polynomial rings. As an interesting
application, we show that multipartite entanglement is additive in the sense
that two multipartite states are local unitary equivalent if and only if
$r$-copies of them are LU equivalent for some $r$.


title:
The yellow hypergiant HR 5171 A: Resolving a massive interacting binary
  in the common envelope phase

abstract:
  We initiated long-term optical interferometry monitoring of the diameters of
unstable yellow hypergiants (YHG) with the goal of detecting both the long-term
evolution of their radius and shorter term formation related to large mass-loss
events. We observed HR5171 A with AMBER/VLTI. We also examined archival
photometric data in the visual and near-IR spanning more than 60 years, as well
as sparse spectroscopic data. HR5171A exhibits a complex appearance. Our AMBER
data reveal a surprisingly large star for a YHG R*=1315+/-260Rsun\ (~6.1AU) at
the distance of 3.6+/-0.5kpc. The source is surrounded by an extended
nebulosity, and these data also show a large level of asymmetry in the
brightness distribution of the system, which we attribute to a newly discovered
companion star located in front of the primary star. The companion's signature
is also detected in the visual photometry, which indicates an orbital period of
Porb=1304+/-6d. Modeling the light curve with the NIGHTFALL program provides
clear evidence that the system is a contact or possibly over-contact eclipsing
binary. A total current system mass of 39^{+40}_{-22} solar mass and a high
mass ratio q>10 is inferred for the system. The low-mass companion of HR5171 A
is very close to the primary star that is embedded within its dense wind. Tight
constraints on the inclination and vsini of the primary are lacking, which
prevents us from determining its influence precisely on the mass-loss
phenomenon, but the system is probably experiencing a wind Roche-Lobe overflow.
Depending on the amount of angular momentum that can be transferred to the
stellar envelope, HR5171 A may become a fast-rotating B[e]/Luminous Blue
Variable (LBV)/Wolf-Rayet star. In any case, HR5171 A highlights the possible
importance of binaries for interpreting the unstable YHGs and for massive star
evolution in general.


title:
Radiation Hydrodynamic Instability in Plane-Parallel, Super-Eddington
  Atmosphere: A Mechanism for Clump Formation

abstract:
  In order to understand the physical processes underlying clump formation in
outflow from supercritical accretion flow, we performed two-dimensional
radiation hydrodynamic (RHD) simulations. We focus our discussion on the nature
of RHD instability in marginally optically thick, plane-parallel,
super-Eddington atmosphere. Initially we set two-layered atmosphere with a
density contrast of 100 exposed to strong, upward continuum-radiation force;
the lower layer is denser than the upper one, condition for an RHD instability.
We assume non-zero but negligible gravitational force, compared with the
radiation force. We find that short wavelength perturbations first grow,
followed by growth of longer wavelength patterns, which lead to the formation
of clumpy structure. The typical size of clumps (clouds) corresponds to about
one optical depth. An anti-correlation between the radiation pressure and the
gas pressure is confirmed: this anti-correlation provides a damping mechanism
of longer wavelength perturbations than the typical clump size. Matter and
radiation energy densities are correlated. These features are exactly what we
found in the radiation-magnetohydrodynamic (radiation-MHD) simulations of
supercritical outflow.


title:
General Theory of Absorption in Porous Materials: The Restricted
  Multilayer Theory

abstract:
  In this paper we present an approach for the generalization of adsorption of
light gases in porous materials. This new theory goes beyond the Langmuir and
BET theories, which are the standard approaches that have limited application
to crystalline porous materials by their unphysical assumptions on the amount
of possible adsorption layers. The derivation of the more general equation for
any crystalline porous framework is presented; the Restricted Multilayer Theory
(RMT). Our approach allows the determination of gas uptake considering only
geometrical constraints of the porous framework and the interaction energy of
the guest molecule with the framework. Based on this theory, we calculated
optimal values for the adsorption enthalpy at different temperatures and
pressures. We also present the use of this theory to determine the optimal
linker length for a topological equivalent framework series. We validate this
theoretical approach by applying it to Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) and show
that it reproduces the experimental results for 7 different reported materials.
We obtained the universal equation for optimal linker length given the topology
of a porous framework. This work applied the general equation to MOFs and H$_2$
to create energy storage materials, however this theory can be applied to other
crystalline porous materials and light gases, which opens the possibility of
designing the next generations of energy storage materials by first considering
only the geometrical constraints of the porous materials.


title: Monomial transformations of the projective space

abstract:
  We prove that, over any field, the dimension of the indeterminacy locus of a
rational transformation $f$ of $P^n$ which is defined by monomials of the same
degree $d$ with no common factors is at least $(n-2)/2$, provided that the
degree of $f$ as a map is not divisible by $d$. This implies upper bounds on
the multidegree of $f$.


title:
Electron elastic scattering off endohedral fullerenes A@C60: The initial
  insight

abstract:
  The initial insight into electron elastic scattering off endohedral
fullerenes A@C60 is gained in the framework of a theoretical approach where the
C60 cage is modelled by a rectangular (in the radial coordinate) potential
well, as in many other A@C60 studies. The effect of a noticeably weaker
electron elastic scattering off A@C60 compared to that off empty C60 or even
the isolated atom A itself, as well as a strong sensitivity of e + A@C60
scattering to the spin of the captured atom A are unraveled, for certain kinds
of atoms. Obtained results lay out the initial qualitative basis for
identifying interesting measurements and/or more rigorous calculations of e +
A@C60 elastic scattering to perform.