title:
Existence and nonexistence results for eigenfunctions of the Laplacian
  in unbounded domains of H^n

abstract:
  We investigate, for the Laplacian operator, the existence and nonexistence of
eigenfunctions of eigenvalue between zero and the first eigenvalue of the
hyperbolic space H^n, for unbounded domains of H^n. If a domain is contained in
a horoball, we prove that there is no positive bounded eigenfunction that
vanishes on the boundary. However, if the asymptotic boundary of a domain
contains an open set of the asymptotic boundary of H^n, there is a solution
that converges to 0 at infinity and can be extended continuously to the
asymptotic boundary. In particular, this result holds for hyperballs.


title: Collisional Model for Granular Impact Dynamics

abstract:
  When an intruder strikes a granular material from above, the grains exert a
stopping force which decelerates and stops the intruder. Many previous studies
have used a macroscopic force law, including a drag force which is quadratic in
velocity, to characterize the decelerating force on the intruder. However, the
microscopic origins of the force law terms are still a subject of debate. Here,
drawing from previous experiments with photoelastic particles, we present a
model which describes the velocity-squared force in terms of repeated
collisions with clusters of grains. From our high speed photoelastic data, we
infer that `clusters' correspond to segments of the strong force network that
are excited by the advancing intruder. The model predicts a scaling relation
for the velocity-squared drag force that accounts for the intruder shape.
Additionally, we show that the collisional model predicts an instability to
rotations, which depends on the intruder shape. To test this model, we perform
a comprehensive experimental study of the dynamics of two-dimensional granular
impacts on beds of photoelastic disks, with different profiles for the leading
edge of the intruder. We particularly focus on a simple and useful case for
testing shape effects by using triangular-nosed intruders. We show that the
collisional model effectively captures the dynamics of intruder deceleration
and rotation; i.e., these two dynamical effects can be described as two
different manifestations of the same grain-scale physical processes.


title:
Single track coincidence measurements of fluorescent and plastic nuclear
  track detectors in therapeutic carbon beams

abstract:
  In this paper we present a method for single track coincidence measurements
using two different track detector materials. We employed plastic and
fluorescent nuclear track detectors (PNTDs and FNTDs) in the entrance channel
of a monoenergetic carbon ion beam covering the therapeutically useful energy
range from 80 to 425 MeV/u. About 99 % of all primary particle tracks detected
by both detectors were successfully matched, while 1 % of the particles were
only detected by the FNTDs because of their superior spatial resolution. We
conclude that both PNTDs and FNTDs are suitable for clinical carbon beam
dosimetry with a detection efficiency of at least 98.82 % and 99.83 %
respectively, if irradiations are performed with low fluence in the entrance
channel of the ion beam. The investigated method can be adapted to other
nuclear track detectors and offers the possibility to characterize new track
detector materials against well-known detectors. Further, by combining two
detectors with a restricted working range in the presented way a
hybrid-detector system can be created with an extended and optimized working
range.


title:
Multiorbital effects in the functional renormalization group: A
  weak-coupling study of the Emery model

abstract:
  We perform an instability analysis of the Emery three-band model at hole
doping and weak coupling within a channel-decomposed functional renormalization
group flow proposed in Phys. Rev. B 79, 195125 (2009). In our approach,
momentum dependences are taken into account with improved precision compared to
previous studies of related models. Around a generic parameter set, we find a
strong competition of antiferromagnetic and d-wave Cooper instabilities with a
smooth behavior under a variation of doping and additional hopping parameters.
For increasingly incommensurate ordering tendencies in the magnetic channel,
the d-wave pairing gap is deformed at its maxima. Comparing our results for the
Emery model to those obtained for the two-dimensional one-band Hubbard model
with effective parameters, we find that, despite considerable qualitative
agreement, multi-orbital effects have a significant impact on a quantitative
level.


title:
Ultraproducts as a tool for first-order inexpressibility in the finite
  and infinite

abstract:
  Ultraproducts are a well-known tool in the classical model theory of
first-order logic. We explore their uses in the context of finite model theory.


title:
Dynamiques globales et locales dans un r\'eseau de
  t\'el\'ecommunications

abstract:
  Traditional network generation models attempt to replicate global structural
properties (degree distribution, average distance, clustering coefficient,
communities, etc.) through synthetic link formation mechanisms such as triadic
closure or preferential attachment. In this work, we study the evolution of a
very big communication network coming from mobile telephony and we analyse the
link formation process. A first study conducted on the standard mechanisms
allows observing that several mechanisms are responsible for the properties
observed in this network. In a second study, we characterize more precisely the
link formation process by searching for correlations between the probability of
creating a new link and some individual properties such as the degree, the
clustering coefficient and the age of the nodes.


title:
Inclusive J/psi production in p-Pb collisions at sqrt(sNN)=5.02 TeV with
  ALICE at the LHC

abstract:
  In 2013, inclusive J/psi measurements in p-Pb collisions were performed at
the LHC at sqrt(sNN) = 5.02 TeV, in order to measure the effects related to the
cold nuclear matter on the J/psi production. Their evaluation is important in
order to be able to disentangle hot and cold nuclear matter effects in Pb-Pb
collisions. In this contribution, results on the inclusive J/psi production in
p-Pb collisions, in the dimuon decay channel at forward and backward rapidity,
down to zero transverse momentum, are presented and compared to theoretical
models.


title: 10 Inventions on Keyboard Key Switch Mechanism

abstract:
  The key switches of the keyboard of a computer system are generally comprised
of a key cap having a plunger, conductive rubber disposed above a membrane
circuit and compressed by the plunger to trigger the membrane circuit causing
it to produce an electric signal to the computer.
  Some key switches use springs. Some other keyboards use rubber domes or a
dome sheet, which do the function of springs. When the user depresses the key
button the spring or domes collapse. The key switch depresses the key stem,
which actuates the button on the membrane circuit. When the user releases the
button the springs or rubber domes push the button up to the rest position.
  This article illustrates 10 inventions on different key switch mechanism. The
inventions are selected from US patent database. The inventions try to simplify
the mechanism, reduce manufacturing cost, increase accuracy and reliability,
and increase strength and robustness of the keys.


title: Measuring cosmological parameters with Gamma-Ray Bursts

abstract:
  In a few dozen seconds gamma ray bursts (GRBs) emit up to 10^54 erg in terms
of an equivalent isotropically radiated energy Eiso, so they can be observed up
to z ~10. Thus, these phenomena appear to be very promising tools to describe
the expansion rate history of the universe. Here we review the use of the Ep,i
- Eiso correlation of GRBs to measure the cosmological density parameter
Omega_M. We show that the present data set of Gamma-Ray Bursts, coupled with
the assumption that we live in a flat universe, can provide independent
evidence, from other probes, that Omega_M ~0.3. We show that current (e.g.,
Swift, Fermi/GBM, Konus-WIND) and forthcoming GRB experiments (e.g., CALET/GBM,
SVOM, Lomonosov/UFFO, LOFT/WFM) will allow us to constrain Omega_M with an
accuracy comparable to that currently exhibited by Type Ia supernovae and to
study the properties of dark energy and their evolution with time.


title:
Intrinsically Polarized Stars and Implication for Star Formation in the
  Central Parsec of Our Galaxy

abstract:
  We have carried out adaptive-optics assisted observations at the Subaru
telescope, and have found 11 intrinsically polarized sources in the central
parsec of our Galaxy. They are selected from 318 point sources with Ks<15.5,
and their interstellar polarizations are corrected using a Stokes Q/I - U/I
diagram. Considering brightness, near-infrared color excess, and the amount of
intrinsic polarization, two of them are good young stellar object (YSO)
candidates with an age of ~10^5 yr. If they are genuine YSOs, their existence
provides strong constraints on star formation mechanisms in this region. In the
remaining sources, two are known as bow-shock sources in the Northern arm. One
other is also located in the Northern arm and shows very similar properties,
and thus likely to be a so far unknown bow-shock source. The origin of the
intrinsic polarization of the other sources is as yet uncertain.


title: Quasars and their emission lines as cosmological probes

abstract:
  Quasars are the most luminous sources in the Universe. They are currently
observed out to redshift z ~ 7 when the Universe was less than one tenth of its
present age. Since their discovery 50 years ago astronomers have dreamed of
using them as standard candles. Unfortunately quasars cover a very large range
(8 dex) of luminosity making them far from standard. We briefly review several
methods that can potentially exploit quasars properties and allow us to obtain
useful constraints on principal cosmological parameters. Using our 4D
Eigenvector 1 formalism we have found a way to effectively isolate quasars
radiating near the Eddington limit. If the Eddington ratio is known, under
several assumptions it is possible to derive distance independent luminosities.
We discuss and the main statistical and systematic errors involved, and whether
these "standard Eddington candles" can be actually used to constrain
cosmological models.


title: Unbounded quasinormal operators revisited

abstract:
  Various characterizations of unbounded closed densely defined operators
commuting with the spectral measures of their moduli are established.In
particular, Kaufman's definition of an unbounded quasinormal operator is shown
to coincide with that given by the third-named author and Szafraniec. Examples
demonstrating the sharpness of results are constructed.


title: 10 Inventions on special type of keyboards -A study based on US patents

abstract:
  A keyboard is the most important input device for a computer. It is used with
various types and sizes of computer. But the same standard keyboard will not
work efficiently with different types of computers at different environments.
There is a need to develop special keyboards to meet special requirements.
  This article illustrates 10 inventions on special types of keyboards. The
special keyboard are used in special computers or computers used for special
purposes. A special keyboard is to be understood as a keyboard having features
beyond a normal keyboard.
  The example of special keyboards are, a children's keyboard which may be
colorful and attractive, a keyboard in public place need to be more robust, the
keyboard in a palmtop may have less number of keys, the keyboard for a game
station may have special attachments, a multimedia keyboard may have CD ROM and
speakers, a wireless keyboard may have remote control features, a touch
sensitive keyboard may have sensors on the keys and so on.


title: Color Bregman TV

abstract:
  In this paper we present a novel iterative procedure for multichannel image
and data reconstruction using Bregman distances. With the motivation that
multiple channels sharing a common subgradient with respect to a suitable
regularization implies desirable properties such as a common edge set (and a
common direction of the normals to the level lines) in the case of the total
variation (TV), we propose to determine each iterate by regularizing each
channel with a weighted linear combination of Bregman distances to all other
image channels from the previous iteration. In this sense we generalize the
Bregman iteration proposed by Osher et al. to multichannel images. We prove the
convergence of the proposed scheme, analyze stationary points and present
numerical experiments on color image denoising, which show the superior
behavior of our approach in comparison to TV, TV with Bregman iterations on
each channel separately, and vectorial TV. Additionally, we propose to use the
infimal convolution of Bregman distances to different channels from the
previous iteration to obtain the independence of the sign and hence the
independence of the direction of the edge. While this work focuses on TV
regularization, the proposed scheme can potentially improve any variational
multichannel reconstruction method with a 1-homogeneous regularization.


title: Finding structural anomalies in star graphs: A general approach

abstract:
  We develop a general theory for a quantum-walk search on a star graph. A star
graph has N edges each of which is attached to a central vertex. A graph G is
attached to one of these edges, and we would like to find out to which edge it
is attached. This is done by means of a quantum walk, a quantum version of a
random walk. This walk contains O(\sqrt{N}) steps, which represents a speedup
over a classical search, which would require O(N) steps. The overall graph,
star plus G, is divided into two parts, and we find that for a quantum speedup
to occur, the eigenvalues associated with these two parts in the N goes to
infinity limit must be the same. Our theory tells us how the initial state of
the walk should be chosen, and how many steps the walk must make in order to
find G.


title: Evolution of a modified binomial random graph by agglomeration

abstract:
  In the classical Erd\"os-R\'enyi random graph G(n,p) there are n vertices and
each of the possible edges is independently present with probability p. The
random graph G(n,p) is homogeneous in the sense that all vertices have the same
characteristics. On the other hand, numerous real-world networks are
inhomogeneous in this respect. Such an inhomogeneity of vertices may influence
the connection probability between pairs of vertices.
  The purpose of this paper is to propose a new inhomogeneous random graph
model which is obtained in a constructive way from the Erd\"os-R\'enyi random
graph G(n,p). Given a configuration of n vertices arranged in N subsets of
vertices (we call each subset a super-vertex), we define a random graph with N
super-vertices by letting two super-vertices be connected if and only if there
is at least one edge between them in G(n,p). Our main result concerns the
threshold for connectedness. We also analyze the phase transition for the
emergence of the giant component and the degree distribution.
  Even though our model begins with G(n,p), it assumes the existence of some
community structure encoded in the configuration. Furthermore, under certain
conditions it exhibits a power law degree distribution. Both properties are
important for real applications.


title: Probing the BFKL dynamics at hadronic colliders

abstract:
  We describe different possibilities to probe the BFKL dynamics at hadronic
colliders, namely Mueller-Navelet jet, and jet gap jet events. We also discuss
briefly the jet veto measurement as performed by the ATLAS collaboration at the
LHC.


title: Generation of Fine Particles with Specified Characteristics

abstract:
  The research is devoted to the generation of fine particles and droplet flows
with specified characteristics for a wide range of scientific problems. The
aspects of aerodynamic fine atomization and the effects of atomizing gas
density, gas velocity and mass flow rate, and liquid film thickness on the
droplet formation are investigated. The hypothesis of highly efficient
utilization of secondary droplets from a coarse polydisperse flow to produce
fine particles is suggested and experimentally confirmed. A prototype device to
implement the idea of separating the desired droplets fraction from a primary
polydisperse flow was developed. In the case of fine liquid atomization, the
developed spraying system enabled an increase in the gas-droplet flow
concentration. The possibility of producing particles with different
dispersiveness and morphology by employing the methods of spray separation and
dilute solution atomization is demonstrated. The criteria of the system
settings to generate the droplet flow with specified characteristics were
determined. A Laval nozzle design is suggested for liquid atomization. A series
of numerical experiments showed that a significant decrease in gas pressure
(density) at the nozzle outlet provides an increase in the gas flow rate. The
numerical estimation showed that the Laval nozzle proposed can improve the fine
atomization efficiency by 30 percent.


title: Chemistry in Protoplanetary Disks

abstract:
  This comprehensive review summarizes our current understanding of the
evolution of gas, solids and molecular ices in protoplanetary disks. Key
findings related to disk physics and chemistry, both observationally and
theoretically, are highlighted. We discuss which molecular probes are used to
derive gas temperature, density, ionization state, kinematics, deuterium
fractionation, and study organic matter in protoplanetary disks.


title:
Physics with tagged protons at the LHC: understanding the Pomeron
  structure and anomalous coupling studies

abstract:
  We describe different physics topics which can be performed at the LHC using
tagged intact protons, namely a better understanding of the Pomeron structure
in terms of quarks and gluons, and the serach for quartic anomalous couplings.


title: Valuation Compressions in VCG-Based Combinatorial Auctions

abstract:
  The focus of classic mechanism design has been on truthful direct-revelation
mechanisms. In the context of combinatorial auctions the truthful
direct-revelation mechanism that maximizes social welfare is the VCG mechanism.
For many valuation spaces computing the allocation and payments of the VCG
mechanism, however, is a computationally hard problem. We thus study the
performance of the VCG mechanism when bidders are forced to choose bids from a
subspace of the valuation space for which the VCG outcome can be computed
efficiently. We prove improved upper bounds on the welfare loss for
restrictions to additive bids and upper and lower bounds for restrictions to
non-additive bids. These bounds show that the welfare loss increases in
expressiveness. All our bounds apply to equilibrium concepts that can be
computed in polynomial time as well as to learning outcomes.


title: Low-x QCD from CMS

abstract:
  In this paper, selected CMS measurements sensitive to low-x QCD are
presented: inclusive cross-sections for forward-central jets production at
\sqrt{s}=7 TeV, inclusive cross-sections for forward jets production at 7 TeV
and 8 TeV, inclusive to exclusive dijets production cross-sections ratios and
correlations of Mueller-Navelet dijets at 7 TeV. Results for data are compared
to predictions of theoretical models.


title:
A Langevin canonical approach to the dynamics of chiral two level
  systems. Thermal averages and heat capacity

abstract:
  A Langevin canonical framework for a chiral two--level system coupled to a
bath of harmonic oscillators is developed within a coupling scheme different to
the well known spin-boson model. Thermal equilibrium values are reached at
asymptotic times by solving the corresponding set of non--linear coupled
equations in a Markovian regime. In particular, phase difference thermal values
(or, equivalently, the so--called coherence factor) and heat capacity through
energy fluctuations are obtained and discussed in terms of tunneling rates and
asymmetries.


title: Fission dynamics at low excitation energy

abstract:
  The origin of mass asymmetry in the fission of uranium at a low excitation
energy is clarified by a trajectory analysis of the Langevin equation. The
positions of the peaks in the mass distribution of fission fragments are mainly
determined by fission saddle points originating from the shell correction
energy. The widths of the peaks, on the other hand, result from a shape
fluctuation around the scission point caused by the random force in the
Langevin equation. We found that a random vibration in the oblate direction of
fissioning fragments is essential for the fission process. According to this
picture, fission does not occur with continuous stretching in the prolate
direction, similarly to that observed in starch syrup. This is expected to lead
to a new viewpoint of fission dynamics and the splitting mechanism.


title:
Quantifying the effect of turbulent magnetic diffusion on the growth
  rate of the magneto-rotational instability

abstract:
  In astrophysics, turbulent diffusion is often used in place of microphysical
diffusion to avoid resolving the small scales. However, we expect this approach
to break down when time and length scales of the turbulence become comparable
with other relevant time and length scales in the system. Turbulent diffusion
has previously been applied to the magneto-rotational instability (MRI), but no
quantitative comparison of growth rates at different turbulent intensities has
been performed. We investigate to what extent turbulent diffusion can be used
to model the effects of small-scale turbulence on the kinematic growth rates of
the MRI, and how this depends on angular velocity and magnetic field strength.
We use direct numerical simulations in three-dimensional shearing boxes with
periodic boundary conditions in the spanwise direction and additional random
plane-wave volume forcing to drive a turbulent flow at a given length scale. We
estimate the turbulent diffusivity using a mixing length formula and compare
with results obtained with the test-field method. It turns out that the concept
of turbulent diffusion is remarkably accurate in describing the effect of
turbulence on the growth rate of the MRI. No noticeable breakdown of turbulent
diffusion has been found, even when time and length scales of the turbulence
become comparable with those imposed by the MRI itself. On the other hand,
quenching of turbulent magnetic diffusivity by the magnetic field is found to
be absent. Turbulence reduces the growth rate of the MRI in a way that is the
same as microphysical magnetic diffusion.


title:
Chirikov and Nekhoroshev diffusion estimates: bridging the two sides of
  the river

abstract:
  We present theoretical and numerical results pointing towards a strong
connection between the estimates for the diffusion rate along simple resonances
in multidimensional nonlinear Hamiltonian systems that can be obtained using
the heuristic theory of Chirikov and a more formal one due to Nekhoroshev. We
show that, despite a wide-spread impression, the two theories are complementary
rather than antagonist. Indeed, although Chirikov's 1979 review has thousands
of citations, almost all of them refer to topics such as the resonance overlap
criterion, fast diffusion, the Standard or Whisker Map, and not to the
constructive theory providing a formula to measure diffusion along a single
resonance. However, as will be demonstrated explicitly below, Chirikov's
formula provides values of the diffusion coefficient which are quite well
comparable to the numerically computed ones, provided that it is implemented on
the so-called optimal normal form derived as in the analytic part of
Nekhoroshev's theorem. On the other hand, Chirikov's formula yields unrealistic
values of the diffusion coefficient, in particular for very small values of the
perturbation, when used in the original Hamiltonian instead of the optimal
normal form. In the present paper, we take advantage of this complementarity in
order to obtain accurate theoretical predictions for the local value of the
diffusion coefficient along a resonance in a specific 3DoF nearly integrable
Hamiltonian system. Besides, we compute numerically the diffusion coefficient
and a full comparison of all estimates is made for ten values of the
perturbation parameter, showing a very satisfactory agreement.


title: Quantum phase transitions of topological insulators without gap closing

abstract:
  We consider two-dimensional Chern insulators and time-reversal invariant
topological insulators and discuss the effect of perturbations breaking either
particle-number conservation or time-reversal symmetry. The appearance of
trivial mass terms is expected to cause quantum phase transitions into trivial
phases when such a perturbation overweights the topological term. These phase
transitions are usually associated with a bulk-gap closing. In contrast, the
chiral Chern insulator is unaffected by particle-number breaking perturbations.
Moreover, the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological insulator undergoes phase transitions
into topologically trivial phases without bulk-gap closing in the presence of
any of such perturbations. In certain cases, these phase transitions can be
circumvented and the protection restored by another U(1) symmetry, e.g. due to
spin conservation. These findings are discussed in the context of interacting
topological insulators.


title:
Strongly-Coupled Unquenched QED4 Propagators Using Schwinger-Dyson
  Equations

abstract:
  We study unquenched QED in four dimensions using renormalised Schwinger-Dyson
equations and focus on the behaviour of the fermion and photon propagators. For
this purpose we use an improved Kizilersu-Pennington (KP) vertex which respects
gauge invariance, multiplicative renormalizability for the massless case,
agrees with perturbation theory in the weak coupling regime and is free of
kinematic singularities. We find that the KP vertex performs very well as
expected specially in comparison with other vertex choices. We find that the
Landau pole problem familiar from perturbative QED persists in the
nonperturbative case with the renormalised inverse photon propagator having
zero crossing.


title:
Fractional Poisson processes and their representation by infinite
  systems of ordinary differential equations

abstract:
  Fractional Poisson processes, a rapidly growing area of non-Markovian
stochastic processes, are useful in statistics to describe data from counting
processes when waiting times are not exponentially distributed. We show that
the fractional Kolmogorov-Feller equations for the probabilities at time t can
be representated by an infinite linear system of ordinary differential
equations of first order in a transformed time variable. These new equations
resemble a linear version of the discrete coagulation-fragmentation equations,
well-known from the non-equilibrium theory of gelation, cluster-dynamics and
phase transitions in physics and chemistry.


title: Electron screening effect on stellar thermonuclear fusion

abstract:
  We study the impact of plasma correlation effects on nonresonant
thermonuclear reactions for various stellar objects, namely in the liquid
envelopes of neutron stars, and the interiors of white dwarfs, low-mass stars,
and substellar objects. We examine in particular the effect of electron
screening on the enhancement of thermonuclear reactions in dense plasmas within
and beyond the linear mixing rule approximation as well as the corrections due
to quantum effects at high density. In addition, we examine some recent
unconventional (Yukawa-potential and "quantum-tail") theoretical results on
stellar thermonuclear fusions and show that these scenarios do not apply to
stellar conditions.


title: A Community Science Case for E-ELT HIRES

abstract:
  Building on the experience of the high-resolution community with the suite of
VLT high-resolution spectrographs, which has been tremendously successful, we
outline here the (science) case for a high-fidelity, high-resolution
spectrograph with wide wavelength coverage at the E-ELT. Flagship science
drivers include: the study of exo-planetary atmospheres with the prospect of
the detection of signatures of life on rocky planets; the chemical composition
of planetary debris on the surface of white dwarfs; the spectroscopic study of
protoplanetary and proto-stellar disks; the extension of Galactic archaeology
to the Local Group and beyond; spectroscopic studies of the evolution of
galaxies with samples that, unlike now, are no longer restricted to strongly
star forming and/or very massive galaxies; the unraveling of the complex roles
of stellar and AGN feedback; the study of the chemical signatures imprinted by
population III stars on the IGM during the epoch of reionization; the exciting
possibility of paradigm-changing contributions to fundamental physics. The
requirements of these science cases can be met by a stable instrument with a
spectral resolution of R~100,000 and broad, simultaneous spectral coverage
extending from 370nm to 2500nm. Most science cases do not require spatially
resolved information, and can be pursued in seeing-limited mode, although some
of them would benefit by the E-ELT diffraction limited resolution. Some
multiplexing would also be beneficial for some of the science cases. (Abridged)

categories: astro-ph.IM astro-ph.CO astro-ph.EP astro-ph.GA astro-ph.SR


title: Rook placements in $A_n$ and combinatorics of $B$-orbit closures

abstract:
  Let $G$ be a complex reductive group, $B$ be a Borel subgroup of G, $\nt$ be
the Lie algebra of the unipotent radical of $B$, and $\nt^*$ be its dual space.
Let $\Phi$ be the root system of $G$, and $\Phi^+$ be the set of positive roots
with respect to $B$.
  A subset of $\Phi^+$ is called a rook placement if it consists of roots with
pairwise non-positive inner products. To each rook placement $D$ one can
associate the coadjoint orbit $\Omega_D$ of $B$ in $\nt^*$. By definition,
$\Omega_D$ is the orbit of $f_D$, where $f_D$ is the sum of root covectors
corresponging to the roots from $D$. We find the dimension of $\Omega_D$ and
construct a polarization of $\nt$ at $f_D$. We also study the partial order on
the set of rook placements induced by the incidences among the orbits
associated with rook placements.


title: 10 Inventions on Key Guides and Keyboard Templates

abstract:
  A keyboard has many function keys and each function key can have multiple
functions when used with control, shift and alt keys, it is difficult for a
user to remember the functionality of the function keys. We need a mechanism to
indicate the operations assigned to each function key for different software
programs. A keyboard guide or template is used for this purpose.
  This article illustrates 10 inventions on keyboard key guide and function key
templates selected from US patent database. Various mechanisms of keyboard
templates have been proposed, including static, dynamic, manual, mechanical,
onscreen display and others.


title: Tangent cones to Schubert varieties in types $A_n$, $B_n$ and $C_n$

abstract:
  Let $G$ be a complex reductive group, $T$ be a maximal torus of $G$, $B$ be a
Borel subgroup of $G$ containing $T$, $W$ be the Weyl group of $G$ with respect
to $T$. To each element $w$ of $W$ one can associate the Schubert subvariety
$X_w$ of the flag variety $G/B$, the tangent cone to $X_w$ at the identity
point $p$ considered as a subcheme of the tangent space $T_p(G/B)$, and the
reduced tangent cone to $X_w$ at $p$ considered as a subvariety of $T_p(G/B)$.
Let $w_1$, $w_2$ be distinct involutions in $W$. We prove that if $G$ is of
type $B_n$ or $C_n$, then the tangent cones corresponding to $w_1$ and $w_2$
are distinct. We also prove that if $G$ is of type $A_n$ or $C_n$, then the
reduced tangent cones corresponding to $w_1$ and $w_2$ are distinct.


title:
Well-Posedness And Accuracy Of The Ensemble Kalman Filter In Discrete
  And Continuous Time

abstract:
  The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a method for combining a dynamical model
with data in a sequential fashion. Despite its widespread use, there has been
little analysis of its theoretical properties. Many of the algorithmic
innovations associated with the filter, which are required to make a useable
algorithm in practice, are derived in an ad hoc fashion. The aim of this paper
is to initiate the development of a systematic analysis of the EnKF, in
particular to do so in the small ensemble size limit. The perspective is to
view the method as a state estimator, and not as an algorithm which
approximates the true filtering distribution. The perturbed observation version
of the algorithm is studied, without and with variance inflation. Without
variance inflation well-posedness of the filter is established; with variance
inflation accuracy of the filter, with resepct to the true signal underlying
the data, is established. The algorithm is considered in discrete time, and
also for a continuous time limit arising when observations are frequent and
subject to large noise. The underlying dynamical model, and assumptions about
it, is sufficiently general to include the Lorenz '63 and '96 models, together
with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation on a two-dimensional torus. The
analysis is limited to the case of complete observation of the signal with
additive white noise. Numerical results are presented for the Navier-Stokes
equation on a two-dimensional torus for both complete and partial observations
of the signal with additive white noise.


title:
Long-term evolution of three-planet systems to the post-Main Sequence
  and beyond

abstract:
  We study the stability of systems of three giant planets orbiting 3 - 8 M_Sol
stars at orbital distances of >10 au as the host star ages through the Main
Sequence (MS) and well into the White Dwarf (WD) stage. Systems are stable on
the MS if the planets are separated by more than ~9 Hill radii. Most systems
surviving the MS will remain stable until the WD phase, although planets
scattered onto small pericentres in unstable systems can be swallowed by the
expanding stellar envelope when the star ascends the giant branches. Mass loss
at the end of the asymptotic giant branch triggers delayed instability in many
systems, leading to instabilities typically occurring at WD cooling ages of a
few 100 Myr. This instability occurs both in systems that survived the star's
previous evolution unscathed, and in systems that previously underwent
scattering instabilities. The outcome of such instability around WDs is
overwhelmingly the ejection of one of the planets from the system, with several
times more ejections occurring during the WD phase than during the MS.
Furthermore, few planets are scattered close to the WD, just outside the Roche
limit, where they can be tidally circularised. Hence, we predict that planets
in WD systems rarely dynamically evolve to become "hot Jupiters". Nor does it
appear that the observed frequency of metal pollution in WD atmospheres can be
entirely explained by planetesimals being destabilised following instability in
systems of multiple giant planets, although further work incorporating low-mass
planets and planetesimals is needed.


title:
Bond-Alternation-Induced Topological Quantum Gaussian Transition and
  Topological Quantum Crossover in Ising Chains with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya
  Interaction

abstract:
  Non-local orders, entanglement entropy, and quantum fidelity are investigated
in an infinite-size bond-alternating Ising chain with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya
interaction by employing the infinite matrix product state representation with
the infinite time evolving block decimation method. Directly computing two
distinct types of finite string correlations for very large lattice distances,
in contrast to an extrapolated extreme value for finite size chains, reveals
two topologically ordered phases. As the bond alternation varies, a topological
quantum phase transition with continuously variable critical exponents along
the phase boundary occurs between the two Haldane phases for the
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction stronger than the Ising interaction, while a
topological quantum crossover between them happens through an intermediate
antiferromagentic phase demonstrated with the quantum fidelity for the
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction weaker than the Ising interaction. The
critical exponents of the order parameters and the central charges from the
entanglement entropy quantify the universality classes of the phase transition
points. Anisotropic Heisenberg types of spin chains with bond alternations are
finally discussed to share the same criticality.


title: A new detector for deep inelastic physics

abstract:
  The Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC) is a proposed upgrade to the LHC,
to provide high energy, high luminosity electron-proton and electron-ion
collisions to run concurrently with Phase 2 of the LHC. The key elements of the
LHeC detector and the requirements from the physics programme are outlined,
followed by a brief description of the baseline LHeC detector design.


title: Meteor Showers on Earth from Sungrazing Comets

abstract:
  Sungrazing comets have always captured a lot of interest and curiosity among
the general public as well as scientists since ancient times. The perihelion
passage of comet C/2012 S1 (ISON) at the end of this year (on 2013 November 28)
is an eagerly awaited event. In this work, we do a mathematical study to check
whether meteoroids ejected from this comet during its journey around the sun
can produce spectacular meteor phenomena on Earth. Our calculations show that
although the orbital elements of this comet are much more favourable than for
most sungrazers to have its descending node near the Earth's orbit, even
ejection velocities as high as 1 km/s do not induce sufficient nodal dispersion
to bring meteoroids to Earth intersection during present times. A similar
result applies to Newton's comet C/1680 V1 which has surprisingly similar
orbital elements, although it is known to be a distinct comet from C/2012 S1.
Our analysis also shows that for meteoroids ejected from all known sungrazing
groups during recent epochs, only the Marsden family (with required ejection
velocities of some hundreds of m/s) can produce meteor phenomena during present
times. In a broader sense, we indicate why we do not observe visually brilliant
meteor showers from frequently observed sungrazers.


title:
A programmable quantum current standard from the Josephson and the
  quantum Hall effects

abstract:
  We propose a way to realize a programmable quantum current standard (PQCS)
from the Josephson voltage standard and the quantum Hall resistance standard
(QHR) exploiting the multiple connection technique provided by the quantum Hall
effect (QHE) and the exactness of the cryogenic current comparator. The PQCS
could lead to breakthroughs in electrical metrology like the realization of a
programmable quantum current source, a quantum ampere-meter and a simplified
closure of the Quantum Metrological Triangle. Moreover, very accurate
universality tests of the QHE could be performed by comparing PQCS based on
different QHRs.


title:
Participation And performance In 8.02x Electricity And Magnetism: The
  First Physics MOOC From MITx

abstract:
  Massive Open Online Courses are an exciting new avenue for instruction and
research, yet they are full of unknowns. In the Spring of 2013, MITx released
its first introductory physics MOOC through the edX platform, generating a
total enrollment of 43,000 students from around the world. We describe the
population of participants in terms of their age, gender, level of education,
and country of origin, highlighting both the diversity of 8.02x enrollees as
well as gender gap and retention. Using three midterm exams and the final as
waypoints, we highlight performance by different demographic subpopulations and
their retention rates. Our work is generally aimed at making a bridge between
available MOOC data and topics associated with the Physics Education Research
community.


title: Multi-Armed Bandits for Intelligent Tutoring Systems

abstract:
  We present an approach to Intelligent Tutoring Systems which adaptively
personalizes sequences of learning activities to maximize skills acquired by
students, taking into account the limited time and motivational resources. At a
given point in time, the system proposes to the students the activity which
makes them progress faster. We introduce two algorithms that rely on the
empirical estimation of the learning progress, RiARiT that uses information
about the difficulty of each exercise and ZPDES that uses much less knowledge
about the problem.
  The system is based on the combination of three approaches. First, it
leverages recent models of intrinsically motivated learning by transposing them
to active teaching, relying on empirical estimation of learning progress
provided by specific activities to particular students. Second, it uses
state-of-the-art Multi-Arm Bandit (MAB) techniques to efficiently manage the
exploration/exploitation challenge of this optimization process. Third, it
leverages expert knowledge to constrain and bootstrap initial exploration of
the MAB, while requiring only coarse guidance information of the expert and
allowing the system to deal with didactic gaps in its knowledge. The system is
evaluated in a scenario where 7-8 year old schoolchildren learn how to
decompose numbers while manipulating money. Systematic experiments are
presented with simulated students, followed by results of a user study across a
population of 400 school children.


title: Strangeness at high temperatures

abstract:
  We use up to fourth order cumulants of net strangeness fluctuations and their
correlations with net baryon number fluctuations to extract information on the
strange meson and baryon contribution to the low temperature hadron resonance
gas, the dissolution of strange hadronic states in the crossover region of the
QCD transition and the quasi-particle nature of strange quark contributions to
the high temperature quark-gluon plasma phase.


title:
Electrodynamic response and local tunnelling spectroscopy of strongly
  disordered superconducting TiN films

abstract:
  We have studied the electrodynamic response of strongly disordered
superconducting TiN films using microwave resonators, where the disordered
superconductor is the resonating element in a high- quality superconducting
environment of NbTiN. We describe the response assuming an effective
pair-breaking mechanism modifying the density of states, and compare this to
local tunnelling spectra obtained using scanning tunnelling spectroscopy. For
the least disordered film (kFl = 8.7, Rs = 13 {\Omega}), we find good
agreement, whereas for the most disordered film (kFl = 0.82, Rs = 4.3
k{\Omega}), there is a strong discrepancy, which signals the breakdown of a
model based on uniform properties.


title:
Reduced back-action for phase sensitivity 10 times beyond the standard
  quantum limit

abstract:
  Collective measurements can project a system into an entangled state with
enhanced sensitivity for measuring a quantum phase, but measurement back-action
has limited previous efforts to only modest improvements. Here we use a
collective measurement to produce and directly observe, with no background
subtraction, an entangled, spin-squeezed state with phase resolution improved
in variance by a factor of 10.5(1.5), or 10.2(6) dB, compared to the initially
unentangled ensemble of N = 4.8 x 10^5 87Rb atoms. The measurement uses a
cavity-enhanced probe of an optical cycling transition to mitigate back-action
associated with state-changing transitions induced by the probe. This work
establishes collective measurements as a powerful technique for generating
entanglement for precision measurement, with potential impacts in biological
sensing, communication, navigation, and tests of fundamental physics.


title: TOTEM Results on Elastic Scattering and Total Cross-Section

abstract:
  TOTEM is an LHC experiment dedicated to forward hadronic physics. In this
contribution, two main parts of its physics programme - proton-proton elastic
scattering and total cross-section - are discussed. The analysis procedures are
outlined and their status is reviewed.


title: Intensity Frontier Computing at Fermilab

abstract:
  The Intensity Frontier (IF) experiments at Fermilab require computing,
software, data handling, and infrastructure development for detector and
beamline design and to extract maximum scientific output from the data. The
emphasis of computing at Fermilab for many years has been on the Tevatron
collider Run 2 experiments and CMS. Using the knowledge and experience gained
from those experiments as well as new computing developments, preparations for
computing for IF experiments are ramping up. There are many challenges in IF
computing. These include event generators and detector simulation, beamline
simulation, detector design and optimization, data acquisition, data handling,
data analysis, and all of the associated services required. In this
presentation the computing challenges and requirements will be described and
the approaches being taken to address them will be shown.


title:
Clustering and optimal arrangement of enzymes in reaction-diffusion
  systems

abstract:
  Enzymes within biochemical pathways are often colocalized, yet the
consequences of specific spatial enzyme arrangements remain poorly understood.
We study the impact of enzyme arrangement on reaction efficiency within a
reaction-diffusion model. The optimal arrangement transitions from a cluster to
a distributed profile as a single parameter, which controls the probability of
reaction versus diffusive loss of pathway intermediates, is varied. We
introduce the concept of enzyme exposure to explain how this transition arises
from the stochastic nature of molecular reactions and diffusion.


title:
Wrinkly fingers: the interaction between fluid- and solid-based
  instabilities in elastic-walled Hele-Shaw cells

abstract:
  In this fluid dynamics video, we study a two-phase flow in an elastic
Hele-Shaw cell that involves two distinct fluid- and solid-based instabilities:
viscous fingering and sheet buckling. We show that the relative importance of
the two instabilities is controlled by a single non-dimensional parameter,
which provides a measure of the elasticity of the flexible wall. We employ
numerical simulations to show that for relatively stiff [soft] walls, the
system's behaviour is dominated by viscous fingering [sheet buckling]. Strong
interactions between the two instabilities arise in an intermediate regime and
lead to the development of extremely complex fingering and buckling patterns.


title: Supersonic Jet Excitation using Flapping Injection

abstract:
  Supersonic jet noise reduction is important for high speed military aircraft.
Lower acoustic levels would reduce structural fatigue leading to longer
lifetime of the jet aircraft. It is not solely structural aspects which are of
importance, health issues of the pilot and the airfield per- sonnel are also
very important, as high acoustic levels may result in severe hearing damage. It
remains a major challenge to reduce the overall noise levels of the aircraft,
where the supersonic exhaust is the main noise source for near ground
operation. Fluidic injection into the supersonic jet at the nozzle exhaust has
been shown as a promising method for noise reduction. It has been shown to
speed up the mix- ing process of the main jet, hence reducing the kinetic
energy level of the jet and the power of the total acoustic radiation.
Furthermore, the interaction mechanism between the fluidic injection and the
shock structure in the jet exhaust plays a crucial role in the total noise
radia- tion. In this study, LES is used to investigate the change in flow
struc- tures of a supersonic (M=1.56) jet from a converging-diverging nozzle.
Six fluidic actuators, evenly distributed around the nozzle exit, inject air in
a radial direction towards the main flow axis with a total mass flow ratio of
3%. Steady injection is compared with flapping injection. With flapping
injection turned on, the injection angle of each injector is varied
sinusoidally in the nozzle exit plane and the variation is the same for all
injectors. This fluid dynamics video is submitted to the APS DFD Gallery of
Fluid Motion 2013 at the 66 the Annual Meeting of the American Physical
Society, Division of Fluid Dynamics (24-26 November, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).


title: Radiative Neutrino Mass with Scotogenic Scalar Triplet

abstract:
  We present radiative one-loop neutrino mass model with hypercharge zero
scalar triplet in conjunction with another charged singlet scalar and an
additional vectorlike lepton doublet. We study three variants of this mass
model: the first one without additional beyond-SM symmetry, the second with
imposed DM-stabilizing discrete Z_2 symmetry, and the third in which this Z_2
symmetry is promoted to the gauge symmetry U(1)_D. The two latter cases are
scotogenic, with a neutral component of the scalar triplet as a dark matter
candidate. In first scotogenic model the Z_2-odd dark matter candidate is at
the multi-TeV mass scale, so that all new degrees of freedom are beyond the
direct reach of the LHC. In second scotogenic setup, with broken U(1)_D
symmetry the model may have LHC signatures or be relevant to astrophysical
observations, depending on the scale of U(1)_D breaking.


title: Geometric T-Dualization

abstract:
  In this article we realize T-duality as a geometric transform of bundles of
abelian group stacks. The transform applies in the algebro-geometric setting as
well as the topological setting, and thus makes precise the link between the
models of T-duality in these two settings, which are superficially quite
different. The transform is also valid for torus bundles with affine structure
group, and thus provides a constructive method of producing T-duals in the
affine case.


title: Optimization of collective enzyme activity via spatial localization

abstract:
  The spatial organization of enzymes often plays a crucial role in the
functionality and efficiency of enzymatic pathways. To fully understand the
design and operation of enzymatic pathways, it is therefore crucial to
understand how the relative arrangement of enzymes affects pathway function.
Here we investigate the effect of enzyme localization on the flux of a minimal
two-enzyme pathway within a reaction-diffusion model. We consider different
reaction kinetics, spatial dimensions, and loss mechanisms for intermediate
substrate molecules. Our systematic analysis of the different regimes of this
model reveals both universal features and distinct characteristics in the
phenomenology of these different systems. In particular, the distribution of
the second pathway enzyme that maximizes the reaction flux undergoes a generic
transition from co-localization with the first enzyme when the catalytic
efficiency of the second enzyme is low, to an extended profile when the
catalytic efficiency is high. However, the critical transition point and the
shape of the extended optimal profile is significantly affected by specific
features of the model. We explain the behavior of these different systems in
terms of the underlying stochastic reaction and diffusion processes of single
substrate molecules.


title: Spontaneous ordering of a bacterial drop into a spiral vortex

abstract:
  In this fluid dynamics video we explore the nature and causes of the
spontaneous ordering that emerges in a dense bacterial suspension under
confinement. Recent experiments with B. Subtilis confined within small
flattened drops show that the bacteria form a steady single-vortex state with a
counterrotating cell boundary layer. Using simulations that capture oriented
cell-cell and cell-fluid interactions, we show that hydrodynamics is crucial in
reproducing and explaining the phenomenon. We give new insights into the
microscopic arrangement of the bacteria, which are confirmed by new
experiments.


title: What is the best way to teleport a qudit?

abstract:
  The need for high fidelity quantum teleportation arises in a variety of
quantum algorithms and protocols. Unfortunately, conventional continuous
variable teleportation schemes rely on EPR states that yield a fidelity that
approaches unity only in the limit of an unphysical amount of squeezing. A new
method, which utilizes an ensemble of single photon entangled states to
teleport continuous variable states with fidelity approaching unity with finite
resources was recently proposed by Andersen and Ralph [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111,
050504 (2013)]. We extend these ideas to consider the general case of using
maximally entangled states of an arbitrary dimension to teleport a continuous
variable state and discuss how the corresponding results are affected.


title: Renormalisation as an inference problem

abstract:
  In physics we attempt to infer the rules governing a system given only the
results of imprecise measurements. This is an ill-posed problem because certain
features of the system's state cannot be resolved by the measurements. However,
by ignoring the irrelevant features, an effective theory can be made for the
remaining observable relevant features. We explain how these relevant and
irrelevant degrees of freedom can be concretely characterised using quantum
distinguishability metrics, thus solving the ill-posed inference problem. This
framework then allows us to provide an information-theoretic formulation of the
renormalisation group, applicable to both statistical physics and quantum field
theory. Using this formulation we show that, given a natural model for an
experimentalist's spatial and field-strength measurement uncertainties, the
n-point correlation functions of bounded momenta emerge as relevant
observables. Our methods also provide a way to extend renormalisation
techniques to effective models which are not based on the usual quantum field
formalism. In particular, we can explain in elementary terms, using the example
of a simple classical system, some of the problems occurring in quantum field
theory and their solution.


title: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of CO2 Formation in Interstellar Ices

abstract:
  CO2 ice is one of the most abundant components in ice-coated interstellar
ices besides H2O and CO, but the most favorable path to CO2 ice is still
unclear. Molecular dynamics calculations on the ultraviolet photodissociation
of different kinds of CO-H2O ice systems have been performed at 10 K in order
to demonstrate that the reaction between CO and an OH molecule resulting from
H2O photodissociation through the first excited state is a possible route to
form CO2 ice. However, our calculations, which take into account different ice
surface models, suggest that there is another product with a higher formation
probability ((3.00+-0.07)x10-2), which is the HOCO complex, whereas the
formation of CO2 has a probability of only (3.6+-0.7)x10-4. The initial
location of the CO is key to obtain reaction and form CO2: the CO needs to be
located deep into the ice. The HOCO complex becomes trapped in the cold ice
surface in the trans-HOCO minimum because it quickly loses its internal energy
to the surrounding ice, preventing further reaction to H + CO2. Several
laboratory experiments have been carried out recently and they confirm that CO2
can also be formed through other, different routes. Here we compare our
theoretical results with the data available from experi- ments studying the
formation of CO2 through a similar pathway as ours, even though the initial
conditions were not exactly the same. Our results also show that the HCO van
der Waals complex can be formed through the interaction of CO with the H atom
that is formed as a product of H2O photodissociation. Thus, the reaction of the
H atom photofragment following H2O photodissociation with CO can be a possible
route to form HCO ice.


title: Central Production of Two-Pseudoscalar Final States at COMPASS

abstract:
  COMPASS is a fixed-target experiment at CERN SPS which focused on light-quark
meson spectroscopy during the data-taking periods in 2008 and 2009. The central
exclusive production of glueball candidates is studied with a 190GeV/c proton
beam impinging on a liquid hydrogen target. We select centrally produced
systems with two pseudo-scalar mesons in the final state. The decay of this
system is decomposed in terms of partial waves, with particular attention paid
to the inherent mathematical ambiguities of the amplitude analysis. We show
that simple parametrisation are able to describe the mass dependence of the fit
results with sensible Breit-Wigner parameters.


title: The multiplicative eigenvalue problem and deformed quantum cohomology

abstract:
  We construct deformations of the small quantum cohomology rings of
homogeneous spaces G/P, and obtain an irredundant set of inequalities
determining the multiplicative eigenvalue problem for the compact form K of G.


title:
Maximum Principle and generalized principal eigenvalue for degenerate
  elliptic operators

abstract:
  We characterize the validity of the Maximum Principle in bounded domains for
fully nonlinear degenerate elliptic operators in terms of the sign of a
suitably defined generalized principal eigenvalue. Here, maximum principle
refers to the non-positivity of viscosity subsolutions of the Dirichlet
problem. This characterization is derived in terms of a new notion of
generalized principal eigenvalue, which is needed because of the possible
degeneracy of the operator, admitted in full generality. We further discuss the
relations between this notion and other natural generalizations of the
classical notion of principal eigenvalue, some of which had already been used
in the literature for particular classes of operators.


title:
Large $s$-harmonic functions and boundary blow-up solutions for the
  fractional Laplacian

abstract:
  We present a notion of weak solution for the Dirichlet problem driven by the
fractional Laplacian, following the Stampacchia theory. Then, we study
semilinear problems on bounded domains $\Omega$ with two different boundary
conditions at the same time: the shape of the solution outside $\Omega$ and a
weighted limit to the boundary. We allow the nonlinearity to be positive or
negative and we look for solutions blowing up at the boundary. Our starting
observation is the existence of s-harmonic functions which explode at the
boundary: these will be used both as supersolutions in the case of negative
nonlinearity and as subsolutions in the positive case.


title:
Stepwise synthesis of constrained controls for single input nonlinear
  systems of special form

abstract:
  The controllability problem for nonlinear control systems with
one-dimensional control of the form $ dx/dt=a(x)+B(x)\beta(x,u)$ is considered,
where $a(x)$ is an $n$-dimensional vector function, $B(x)$ is an $(n\times
m)$-matrix, and $\beta(x,u)$ is an $m$-dimensional vector function. Under
certain conditions we reduce such system to a system consisting of $m$
subsystems; in each subsystem all equations are linear except of the last one.
We use the controllability function method to give sufficient conditions for
controllability of the considered system. We propose an approach for
construction of controls which transfer an arbitrary initial point to the rest
point in a certain finite time. Each such control is constructed as a
concatenation of a finite number of positional controls (we call it a stepwise
synthesis control). On each step of our approach we choose a new synthesis
control. Our approach essentially uses nonlinearity of a system with respect to
a control. The obtained results are illustrated by examples. In particular, the
problem of the complete stoppage of a two-link pendulum is solved. We also
introduce the class of nonlinear systems which is called the class of staircase
systems that provides the applicability of our approach.


title: Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse Games on Omega-Terms

abstract:
  Fragments of first-order logic over words can often be characterized in terms
of finite monoids or finite semigroups. Usually these algebraic descriptions
yield decidability of the question whether a given regular language is
definable in a particular fragment. An effective algebraic characterization can
be obtained from identities of so-called omega-terms. In order to show that a
given fragment satisfies some identity of omega-terms, one can use
Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse games on word instances of the omega-terms. The resulting
proofs often require a significant amount of book-keeping with respect to the
constants involved. In this paper we introduce Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse games on
omega-terms. To this end we assign a labeled linear order to every omega-term.
Our main theorem shows that a given fragment satisfies some identity of
omega-terms if and only if Duplicator has a winning strategy for the game on
the resulting linear orders. This allows to avoid the book-keeping. As an
application of our main result, we show that one can decide in exponential time
whether all aperiodic monoids satisfy some given identity of omega-terms,
thereby improving a result of McCammond (Int. J. Algebra Comput., 2001).


title:
Determination of the abundance of cosmic matter via the cell count
  moments of the galaxy distribution (1)

abstract:
  We demonstrate that accurate and precise information about the matter content
of the universe can be retrieved via a simple cell count analysis of the 3D
spatial distribution of galaxies. A new clustering statistic, the {\it galaxy
clustering ratio} $\eta$, is the key in this process. This is defined as the
ratio between one- and two-point second-order moments of the smoothed galaxy
density distribution. The distinguishing feature of this statistic is its
universality: on large cosmic scales both galaxies (in redshift space) and mass
(in real space) display the same $\eta$ amplitude. This quantity, in addition,
does not evolve as a function of redshift. As a consequence, the $\eta$
statistic provides insight into characteristic parameters of the real-space
power spectrum of mass density fluctuations without the need to specify the
galaxy biasing function, a model for galaxy redshift distortions nor the
growing mode of density ripples. We demonstrate the method with the luminous
red galaxy (LRG) sample extracted from the spectroscopic Sloan Digital Sky
Survey (SDSS) data release 7 (DR7) catalogue. Taking weak (flat) priors of the
curvature of the universe ($\Omega_k$) and of the constant value of the dark
energy equation of state ($w$), and strong (gaussian) priors of the physical
baryon density $\Omega_bh^2$, of the Hubble constant $H_0$ and of the spectral
index of primordial density perturbations $n_s$, we estimate the abundance of
matter with a relative error of 8% ($\Omega_m= 0.283\pm0.023$). We expect that
this approach will be instrumental in searching for evidence of new physics
beyond the standard model of cosmology and in planning future redshift surveys
such as BigBOSS or EUCLID.


title: Routes for breaching and protecting genetic privacy

abstract:
  We are entering the era of ubiquitous genetic information for research,
clinical care, and personal curiosity. Sharing these datasets is vital for
rapid progress in understanding the genetic basis of human diseases. However,
one growing concern is the ability to protect the genetic privacy of the data
originators. Here, we technically map threats to genetic privacy and discuss
potential mitigation strategies for privacy-preserving dissemination of genetic
data.


title:
Denoising spectroscopic data by means of the improved Least-Squares
  Deconvolution method

abstract:
  The MOST, CoRoT, and Kepler space missions led to the discovery of a large
number of intriguing, and in some cases unique, objects among which are
pulsating stars, stars hosting exoplanets, binaries, etc. Although the space
missions deliver photometric data of unprecedented quality, these data are
lacking any spectral information and we are still in need of ground-based
spectroscopic and/or multicolour photometric follow-up observations for a solid
interpretation. Both faintness of most of the observed stars and the required
high S/N of spectroscopic data imply the need of using large telescopes, access
to which is limited. In this paper, we look for an alternative, and aim for the
development of a technique allowing to denoise the originally low S/N
spectroscopic data, making observations of faint targets with small telescopes
possible and effective. We present a generalization of the original
Least-Squares Deconvolution (LSD) method by implementing a multicomponent
average profile and a line strengths correction algorithm. The method was
successfully tested on the high resolution spectra of Vega and a Kepler star,
KIC04749989. Application to the two pulsating stars, 20 Cvn and HD189631,
showed that the technique is also applicable to intrinsically variable stars:
the results of frequency analysis and mode identification from the LSD model
spectra for both objects are in good agreement with the findings from
literature. Depending on S/N of the original data and spectral characteristics
of a star, the gain in S/N in the LSD model spectrum typically ranges from 5 to
15 times. The restored LSD model spectra contain all the information on line
profile variations present in the original spectra. The method is applicable to
both high- (>30 000) and low- (<30 000) resolution spectra, though the
information that can be extracted from the latter is limited by the resolving
power itself.


title:
Elucidating the turbulence nature of the intracardiac flow: from medical
  images to multi-cycle Large Eddy Simulations

abstract:
  This brief article accompanies a fluid dynamics video presenting the results
of a large-eddy simulation of the flow in a realistic left heart. The left
heart geometry, from the pulmonary veins to the aortic root, is extracted from
medical images and the endocardium movements are reconstructed through image
registration. Large-eddy simulations are thus performed in a patient-specific
heart model, where the patient-specific movements of the geometry are
prescribed. The flow obtained is intermittent, showing both in the left atrium
and in the left ventricle turbulent spots correlated to flow decelerations.


title: Lagerkvist versus Crick

abstract:
  Present day data allow significant reconsideration of ideas on mechanisms
underlying the degeneracy in the genetic code. Here a hypothesis is presented
which links the degeneracy to possible conformational alterations in the
codon-anticodon duplex. This enables explanation of Rumer symmetry in the table
of the genetic code, coding of methionine and tryptophane without degeneracy
and predict significant difference between thymine and uracyl. The suggested
hypothesis has something in common with Lagerkvist idea that only two
nucleotides in codon are coding.


title: Symmetric coupling of LDG-FEM and DG-BEM

abstract:
  We analyze a discontinuous Galerkin FEM-BEM scheme for a second order
elliptic transmission problem posed in the three-dimensional space. The
symmetric variational formulation is discretized by nonconforming
Raviart-Thomas finite elements on a general partition of the interior domain
coupled with discontinuous boundary elements on an independent quasi-uniform
mesh of the transmission interface. We prove (almost) quasi-optimal convergence
of the method and confirm the theory by a numerical experiment. In addition, we
consider the case when continuous rather than discontinuous boundary elements
are used.


title: New Identities Relating Wild Goppa Codes

abstract:
  For a given support $L \in \mathbb{F}_{q^m}^n$ and a polynomial $g\in
\mathbb{F}_{q^m}[x]$ with no roots in $\mathbb{F}_{q^m}$, we prove equality
between the $q$-ary Goppa codes $\Gamma_q(L,N(g)) = \Gamma_q(L,N(g)/g)$ where
$N(g)$ denotes the norm of $g$, that is $g^{q^{m-1}+\cdots +q+1}.$ In
particular, for $m=2$, that is, for a quadratic extension, we get
$\Gamma_q(L,g^q) = \Gamma_q(L,g^{q+1})$. If $g$ has roots in
$\mathbb{F}_{q^m}$, then we do not necessarily have equality and we prove that
the difference of the dimensions of the two codes is bounded above by the
number of distinct roots of $g$ in $\mathbb{F}_{q^m}$. These identities provide
numerous code equivalences and improved designed parameters for some families
of classical Goppa codes.


title:
Implementation of the Cluster Based Tunable Sleep Transistor Cell Power
  Gating Technique for a 4x4 Multiplier Circuit

abstract:
  A modular, programmable, and high performance Power Gating strategy, called
cluster based tunable sleep transistor cell Power Gating, has been introduced
in the present paper with a few modifications. Furthermore, a detailed
comparison of its performance with some of the other conventional Power Gating
schemes; such as Cluster Based Sleep Transistor Design (CBSTD), Distributed
Sleep Transistor Network (DSTN) etc.; has also been presented here. Considering
the constraints of power consumption, performance, and the area overhead, while
doing the actual implementation of any Power Gating scheme, it becomes
important to deal with the various design issues like the proper sizing of the
sleep transistors (STs), controlling the voltage drop (IR drop) across the STs,
and obviously maintaining a desired performance with lower amount of delay
degradation. With this notion, we tried to find out an efficient Power Gating
strategy which can reduce the overall power consumption of any CMOS circuit by
virtue of reducing the standby mode leakage current. Taking the different
performance parameters into account, for an example circuit, which is actually
the conventional 4x4 multiplier design, we found that the modified tunable
sleep transistor cell Power Gating gives very much promising results. The
reported architecture of the 4x4 multiplier with the tunable sleep transistor
cell Power Gating, is designed using 45 nm technology and it consumes
1.3638x10-5 Watt of Average Power while being operated with the nominal case of
the bit configuration word, that is, 1000. ...........


title:
Energy, Laplacian energy of double graphs and new families of
  equienergetic graphs

abstract:
  For a graph $G$ with vertex set $V(G)=\{v_1, v_2, \cdots, v_n\}$, the
extended double cover $G^*$ is a bipartite graph with bipartition (X, Y),
$X=\{x_1, x_2, \cdots, x_n\}$ and $Y=\{y_1, y_2, \cdots, y_n\}$, where two
vertices $x_i$ and $y_j$ are adjacent if and only if $i=j$ or $v_i$ adjacent to
$v_j$ in $G$. The double graph $D[G]$ of $G$ is a graph obtained by taking two
copies of $G$ and joining each vertex in one copy with the neighbours of
corresponding vertex in another copy. In this paper we study energy and
Laplacian energy of the graphs $G^*$ and $D[G]$, $L$-spectra of $G^{k*}$ the
$k$-th iterated extended double cover of $G$. We obtain a formula for the
number of spanning trees of $G^*$. We also obtain some new families of
equienergetic and $L$-equienergetic graphs.


title:
Vortex-antivortex annihilation in mesoscopic superconductors with a
  central pinning center

abstract:
  In this work we solved the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations, TDGL, to
simulate two superconducting systems with different lateral sizes and with an
antidot inserted in the center. Then, by cycling the external magnetic field,
the creation and annihilation dynamics of a vortex-antivortex pair was studied
as well as the range of temperatures for which such processes could occur. We
verified that in the annihilation process both vortex and antivortex acquire an
elongated format while an accelerated motion takes place.


title: First Test of Lorentz Invariance in the Weak Decay of Polarized Nuclei

abstract:
  A new test of Lorentz invariance in the weak interactions has been made by
searching for variations in the decay rate of spin-polarized 20Na nuclei. This
test is unique to Gamow-Teller transitions, as was shown in the framework of a
recently developed theory that assumes a Lorentz symmetry breaking background
field of tensor nature. The nuclear spins were polarized in the up and down
direction, putting a limit on the amplitude of sidereal variations of the form
|(\Gamma_{up} - \Gamma_{down})| / (\Gamma_{up} + \Gamma_{down}) < 3 * 10^{-3}.
This measurement shows a possible route toward a more detailed testing of
Lorentz symmetry in weak interactions.


title: B and Bs semileptonic decay form factors with NRQCD/HISQ quarks

abstract:
  We discuss our ongoing effort to calculate form factors for several B and Bs
semileptonic decays. We have recently completed the first unquenched
calculation of the form factors for the rare decay B -> K ll. Extrapolated over
the full kinematic range of q^2 via model-independent z expansion, these form
factor results allow us to calculate several Standard Model observables. We
compare with experiment (Belle, BABAR, CDF, and LHCb) where possible and make
predictions elsewhere. We discuss preliminary results for Bs -> K l nu which,
when combined with anticipated experimental results, will provide an
alternative exclusive determination of |Vub|. We are exploring the possibility
of using ratios of form factors for this decay with those for the unphysical
decay Bs -> eta_s as a means of significantly reducing form factor errors. We
are also studying B -> pi l nu, form factors for which are combined with
experiment in the standard exclusive determination of |Vub|. Our simulations
use NRQCD heavy and HISQ light valence quarks on the MILC 2+1 dynamical asqtad
configurations.


title:
Synthesis of Bi-based superconductor by microwave-assisted hydrothermal
  method

abstract:
  In this work we studied the synthesis of BSCCO-2212 superconducting phase
associating a quite similar method developed by Pechini (PM) with the
microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, MAH. To study the influence of MAH on
the properties of BSCCO system, we synthesized two samples by such method. For
one sample we used carbonates (CMAH) and for the other one we used nitrates
(NMAH) as chemical reagents. We also produced a reference sample (REF) just
using carbonates by PM to compare their morphological and superconducting
properties. The structural properties of the samples were analyzed by scanning
electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. It can be noted that the Bi-2212
phase is predominant in all samples; MAH samples present larger grains than the
REF one. However, we can observe that the magnetic behaviour of NMAH is closer
to that presented by REF.


title:
Characteristics and Large Bulk Density of the C-type Main-Belt Triple
  Asteroid (93) Minerva

abstract:
  From a set of adaptive optics (AO) observations collected with the W.M. Keck
telescope between August and September 2009, we derived the orbital parameters
of the most recently discovered satellites of the large C-type asteroid (93)
Minerva. The satellites of Minerva, which are approximately 3 and 4 km in
diameter, orbit very close to the primary $\sim$5 & $\sim$8 $\times$ Rp and
$\sim$1% & $\sim$2% $\times$ RHill) in a circular manner, sharing common
characteristics with most of the triple asteroid systems in the main-belt.
Combining these AO observations with lightcurve data collected since 1980 and
two stellar occultations in 2010 & 2011, we removed the ambiguity of the pole
solution of Minerva's primary and showed that it has an almost regular shape
with an equivalent diameter Deq = 154 $\pm$ 6 km in agreement with IRAS
observations. The surprisingly high bulk density of 1.75 $\pm$ 0.30 g/cm$\^3$
for this C-type asteroid, suggests that this taxonomic class is composed of
asteroids with different compositions, For instance, Minerva could be made of
the same material as dry CR, CO, and CV meteorites. We discuss possible
scenarios on the origin of the system and conclude that future observations may
shine light on the nature and composition of this fifth known triple main-belt
asteroid.


title: Euclidean-valued group cohomology is always reduced

abstract:
  If G is a countable discrete group acting linearly on a finite-dimensional
vector space over any topological field, then the groups of coboundaries are
closed for the product topology in all degrees, and hence the cohomology is
reduced in all degrees. This is deduced from a more general automatic-closure
theorem for continuous linear transformations between inverse limits of
finite-dimensional vector spaces.


title:
Gravitational lens system B0218+357: constraints on lens model and
  Hubble constant

abstract:
  The possibility to use observations of lensed relativistic jets on very small
angular scales to construct proper models of spiral lens galaxies and to
independently determine the Hubble constant is considered. On the example of
the system B0218+357 it is shown that there exists a great choice of model
parameters adequately reproducing its observed large-scale properties but
leading to a significant spread in the Hubble constant. The jet image position
angle is suggested as an additional parameter that allows the range of models
under consideration to be limited. It is shown that the models for which the
jet image position angles differ by at least 40 deg can be distinguished
between themselves during observations on very small angular scales.
Observations with the space interferometer RadioAstron-Earth is proposed to
determine the jet orientation.


title: Self-assembling paramagnetic colloids in oscillating magnetic fields

abstract:
  Many fascinating phenomena such as large-scale collective flows, enhanced
fluid mixing and pattern formation have been observed in so-called active
fluids, which are composed of particles that can absorb energy and dissipate it
into the fluid medium. In order to investigate the role of hydrodynamic
interactions in the collective behavior of an active fluid, we choose a model
system: paramagnetic particles submerged in water and activated by an
oscillating magnetic field. The magnetic field induces magnetic attractions
among the paramagnetic particles, activating the particles, and injecting
energy into the fluid. Over many cycles, the particles aggregate together and
form clusters. In order to form clusters, however, the particles must overcome
viscous drag. We investigate the relative roles of viscosity and magnetism.
When the role of viscosity is important, the particles cannot form large
clusters. But when the role of magnetism is important, the particles rapidly
form organized, large clusters. Our results shown in this fluid dynamics video
suggest that viscous stresses slow the clustering rate and decrease the size of
clusters in a self-assembling colloidal system.


title: Symmetry breaking for representations of rank one orthogonal groups

abstract:
  We give a complete classification of intertwining operators (symmetry
breaking operators) between spherical principal series representations of
G=O(n+1,1) and G'=O(n,1). We construct three meromorphic families of the
symmetry breaking operators, and find their distribution kernels and their
residues at all poles explicitly.Symmetry breaking operators at exceptional
discrete parameters are thoroughly studied.
  We obtain closed formulae for the functional equations which the composition
of the the symmetry breaking operators with the Knapp-Stein intertwining
operators of $G$ and G' satisfy, and use them to determine the symmetry
breaking operators between irreducible composition factors of the spherical
principal series representations of G and G'.
  Some applications are included.


title: Automated computation of scattering amplitudes

abstract:
  We review some of the recent advances in the computation of one-loop
scattering amplitudes which led to the construction of efficient and automated
computational tools for NLO predictions. Particular attention is devoted to
unitarity-based methods and integrand-level reduction techniques. Extensions of
one-loop integrand-level techniques to higher orders are also briefly
illustrated.


title: Vapor condensation onto a non-volatile liquid drop

abstract:
  Molecular dynamics simulations of miscible and partially miscible binary
Lennard--Jones mixtures are used to study the dynamics and thermodynamics of
vapor condensation onto a non-volatile liquid drop in the canonical ensemble.
When the system volume is large, the driving force for condensation is low and
only a submonolayer of the solvent is adsorbed onto the liquid drop. A small
degree of mixing of the solvent phase into the core of the particles occurs for
the miscible system. At smaller volumes complete film formation is observed and
the dynamics of film growth are dominated by cluster-cluster coalescence.
Mixing into the core of the droplet is also observed for partially miscible
systems below an onset volume suggesting, the presence of a solubility
transition. We also develop a non-volatile liquid drop model, based on the
capillarity approximations, that exhibits a solubility transition between small
and large drops for partially miscible mixtures and has a hysteresis loop
similar to the one observed in the deliquescence of small soluble salt
particles. The properties of the model are compared to our simulation results
and the model is used to study the formulation of classical nucleation theory
for systems with low free energy barriers.


title: Integrable measure equivalence for groups of polynomial growth

abstract:
  Bader, Furman and Sauer have introduced the notion of integrable measure
equivalence for finitely-generated groups. This is the sub-equivalence relation
of measure equivalence obtained by insisting that the relevant cocycles satisfy
an integrability condition. They have used it to prove new classification
results for hyperbolic groups.
  The present work shows that groups of polynomial growth are also quite rigid
under integrable measure equivalence, in that if two such groups are equivalent
then they must have bi-Lipschitz asymptotic cones. This will follow by proving
that the cocycles arising from an integrable measure equivalence converge,
albeit in a very weak sense, to bi-Lipschitz maps of asymptotic cones.


title:
Disruption of transfer entropy and inter-hemispheric brain functional
  connectivity in patients with disorder of consciousness

abstract:
  Severe traumatic brain injury can lead to disorders of consciousness (DOC)
characterized by deficit in conscious awareness and cognitive impairment
including coma, vegetative state, minimally consciousness, and lock-in
syndrome. Of crucial importance is to find objective markers that can account
for the large-scale disturbances of brain function to help the diagnosis and
prognosis of DOC patients and eventually the prediction of the coma outcome.
Following recent studies suggesting that the functional organization of brain
networks can be altered in comatose patients, this work analyzes brain
functional connectivity (FC) networks obtained from resting-state functional
magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Two approaches are used to estimate the
FC: the Partial Correlation (PC) and the Transfer Entropy (TE). Both the PC and
the TE show significant statistical differences between the group of patients
and control subjects; in brief, the inter-hemispheric PC and the
intra-hemispheric TE account for such differences. Overall, these results
suggest two possible rs-fMRI markers useful to design new strategies for the
management and neuropsychological rehabilitation of DOC patients.


title: Optimal estimates for Fractional Fast diffusion equations

abstract:
  We obtain a priori estimates with best constants for the solutions of the
fractional fast diffusion equation $u_t+(-\Delta)^{\sigma/2}u^m=0$, posed in
the whole space with $0<\sigma<2$, $0<m\le 1$. The estimates are expressed in
terms of convenient norms of the initial data, the preferred norms being the
$L^1$-norm and the Marcinkiewicz norm. The estimates contain exact exponents
and best constants. We also obtain optimal estimates for the extinction time of
the solutions in the range $m$ near 0 where solutions may vanish completely in
finite time. Actually, our results apply to equations with a more general
nonlinearity. Our main tools are symmetrization techniques and comparison of
concentrations. Classical results for $\sigma=2$ are recovered in the limit.


title: A proof of Walsh's convergence theorem using couplings

abstract:
  Walsh has recently proved the norm convergence of all nonconventional ergodic
averages involving polynomial sequences in discrete nilpotent acting groups. He
deduces this convergence from an equivalent, `finitary' assertion of stability
over arbitrarily long time-intervals for these averages, which is proved by
essentially finitary means. The present paper shows how the induction at the
heart of Walsh's proof can also be implemented using more classical notions of
ergodic theory: in particular, couplings and characteristic factors.


title:
Occultation Evidence for a Satellite of the Trojan Asteroid (911)
  Agamemnon

abstract:
  On 2012 January 19, observers in the northeastern United States of America
observed an occultation of 8.0-mag HIP 41337 star by the Jupiter-Trojan (911)
Agamemnon, including one video recorded with a 36cm telescope that shows a deep
brief secondary occultation that is likely due to a satellite, of about 5 km
(most likely 3 to 10 km) across, at 278 km $\pm$ 5 km (0.0931 arcsec) from the
asteroid's center as projected in the plane of the sky. A satellite this small
and this close to the asteroid could not be resolved in the available VLT
adaptive optics observations of Agamemnon recorded in 2003. The outline of
Agamemnon is fit well by an ellipse with dimensions 190.6 $\pm$ 0.9 km by 143.8
$\pm$ 1.5 km. The angular diameter of HIP 41337 was found to be 0.5 $\pm$ 0.1
milli-arcsec. After (624) Hektor, this could be the second Jupiter Trojan
asteroid known to possess a small satellite.


title: The 10-point and 12-point Number Theoretic Hilbert Transform

abstract:
  This paper presents 10-point and 12-point versions of the recently introduced
number theoretic Hilbert (NHT) transforms. Such transforms have applications in
signal processing and scrambling. Polymorphic solutions with respect to
different moduli for each of the two cases have been found. The multiplicity of
solutions for the same moduli increases their applicability to cryptography.


title: On the block maxima method in extreme value theory: PWM estimators

abstract:
  In extreme value theory, there are two fundamental approaches, both widely
used: the block maxima (BM) method and the peaks-over-threshold (POT) method.
Whereas much theoretical research has gone into the POT method, the BM method
has not been studied thoroughly. The present paper aims at providing conditions
under which the BM method can be justified. We also provide a theoretical
comparative study of the methods, which is in general consistent with the vast
literature on comparing the methods all based on simulated data and fully
parametric models. The results indicate that the BM method is a rather
efficient method under usual practical conditions. In this paper, we restrict
attention to the i.i.d. case and focus on the probability weighted moment (PWM)
estimators of Hosking, Wallis and Wood [Technometrics (1985) 27 251-261].


title:
Sparse Median Graphs Estimation in a High Dimensional Semiparametric
  Model

abstract:
  In this manuscript a unified framework for conducting inference on complex
aggregated data in high dimensional settings is proposed. The data are assumed
to be a collection of multiple non-Gaussian realizations with underlying
undirected graphical structures. Utilizing the concept of median graphs in
summarizing the commonality across these graphical structures, a novel
semiparametric approach to modeling such complex aggregated data is provided
along with robust estimation of the median graph, which is assumed to be
sparse. The estimator is proved to be consistent in graph recovery and an upper
bound on the rate of convergence is given. Experiments on both synthetic and
real datasets are conducted to illustrate the empirical usefulness of the
proposed models and methods.


title: Droplets on a Tilted Plate

abstract:
  In this short paper we present a fluid dynamics video of the deformation of
droplets when tilted on a motorized stage. This is a submission to the 2013
Gallery of Fluid Motion which is part of the 66th annual meeting of APS-DFD.
The video shows how differently placed droplets on the same surface will show a
universal behaviour when tilted back and forth.


title: A Turing test for free will

abstract:
  Before Alan Turing made his crucial contributions to the theory of
computation, he studied the question of whether quantum mechanics could throw
light on the nature of free will. This article investigates the roles of
quantum mechanics and computation in free will. Although quantum mechanics
implies that events are intrinsically unpredictable, the `pure stochasticity'
of quantum mechanics adds only randomness to decision making processes, not
freedom. By contrast, the theory of computation implies that even when our
decisions arise from a completely deterministic decision-making process, the
outcomes of that process can be intrinsically unpredictable, even to --
especially to -- ourselves. I argue that this intrinsic computational
unpredictability of the decision making process is what give rise to our
impression that we possess free will. Finally, I propose a `Turing test' for
free will: a decision maker who passes this test will tend to believe that he,
she, or it possesses free will, whether the world is deterministic or not.


title:
Degenerate Rayleigh-Plateau instability in a magnetically annealed
  colloidal dispersion

abstract:
  This fluid dynamics video depicts the evolution of a suspension of
paramagnetic colloids under the influence of a uniform, pulsed magnetic field.
At low pulse frequencies, the suspension condenses into columns which decompose
via a Rayleigh-Plateau instability. At high pulse frequencies, the suspension
forms a kinetically arrested, system spanning network. We demonstrate the
degeneration of the Rayleigh-Plateau instability with increasing pulse
frequency.


title:
HerMES: dust attenuation and star formation activity in UV-selected
  samples from z~4 to z~1.5

abstract:
  We study the link between observed ultraviolet luminosity, stellar mass, and
dust attenuation within rest-frame UV-selected samples at z~ 4, 3, and 1.5. We
measure by stacking at 250, 350, and 500 um in the Herschel/SPIRE images from
the HerMES program the average infrared luminosity as a function of stellar
mass and UV luminosity. We find that dust attenuation is mostly correlated with
stellar mass. There is also a secondary dependence with UV luminosity: at a
given UV luminosity, dust attenuation increases with stellar mass, while at a
given stellar mass it decreases with UV luminosity. We provide new empirical
recipes to correct for dust attenuation given the observed UV luminosity and
the stellar mass. Our results also enable us to put new constraints on the
average relation between star formation rate and stellar mass at z~ 4, 3, and
1.5. The star formation rate-stellar mass relations are well described by power
laws (SFR~ M^0.7), with the amplitudes being similar at z~4 and z~3, and
decreasing by a factor of 4 at z~1.5 at a given stellar mass. We further
investigate the evolution with redshift of the specific star formation rate.
Our results are in the upper range of previous measurements, in particular at
z~3, and are consistent with a plateau at 3<z<4. Current model predictions
(either analytic, semi-analytic or hydrodynamic) are inconsistent with these
values, as they yield lower predictions than the observations in the redshift
range we explore. We use these results to discuss the star formation histories
of galaxies in the framework of the Main Sequence of star-forming galaxies. Our
results suggest that galaxies at high redshift (2.5<z<4) stay around 1 Gyr on
the Main Sequence. With decreasing redshift, this time increases such that z=1
Main Sequence galaxies with 10^8<M_*/Msun<10^10 stay on the Main Sequence until
z=0.


title:
First-principles calculations of the electronic, optical and elastic
  properties of CdIn2S4 spinel at the ambient and elevated pressure

abstract:
  CdIn2S4 thiospinel was studied by means of the first principles calculations
in both generalized gradient and local density approximations (GGA and LDA).
The structural, electronic, optical and elastic properties were calculated in
the pressure range from 0 to 10 GPa, below the pressure of phase transition for
this compound. One of the main results of the paper is that the previously
encountered in the literature controversy regarding the character of the
CdIn2S4 band gap was resolved in favor of the indirect gap. Pressure
coefficient of the band gap estimated as 0.071/0.063 eV/GPa (GGA/LDA) is in
excellent agreement with the found in the literature experimental data of 0.076
or 0.069 eV/GPa. Calculated pressure dependence of the unit cell volume follows
the experimental results very closely. Dependence of the interionic distances,
lattice parameter and all elastic constants on pressure was calculated. Refined
estimations of the Debye temperature for CdIn2S4 are given as 280 K (LDA) and
252 K (GGA). Elastic anisotropy of CdIn2S4 was visualized by plotting
three-dimensional dependence of the Young modulus on a direction in the crystal
lattice; it was established that the lowest Young moduli values are realized if
the external stress is applied along the crystallographic axes.


title: Overconvergent Chern Classes and Higher Cycle Classes

abstract:
  The goal of this work is to construct integral Chern classes and higher cycle
classes for a smooth variety over a perfect field of characteristic p>0 that
are compatible with the rigid Chern classes defined by Petrequin. The Chern
classes we define have coefficients in the overconvergent de Rham-Witt complex
of Davis, Langer and Zink and the construction is based on the theory of cycle
modules discussed by Rost. We prove a comparison theorem in the case of a
quasi-projective variety.


title:
Value-chain oriented identification of indicators to establish a
  comprehensive process improvement framework

abstract:
  The process development and optimization potential needs to be driven by the
individial coporate value chain. The identification of this specific value
chain and the related indicators is essential to limit the scope of any
analysis and optimization to the core business The process framework consisting
of clearly defined value chain, the related processes and the corresponding
indicators is a pre-requisite for a meaningful and efficient process analysis
and continuous process optimization.


title:
Measurement of the 33S(\alpha,p)36Cl cross section: Implications for
  production of 36Cl in the early Solar System

abstract:
  Short-lived radionuclides (SLRs) with lifetimes \tau < 100 Ma are known to
have been extant when the Solar System formed over 4.5 billion years ago.
Identifying the sources of SLRs is important for understanding the timescales
of Solar System formation and processes that occurred early in its history.
Extinct 36Cl (t_1/2 = 0.301 Ma) is thought to have been produced by interaction
of solar energetic particles (SEPs), emitted by the young Sun, with gas and
dust in the nascent Solar System. However, models that calculate SLR production
in the early Solar System (ESS) lack experimental data for the 36Cl production
reactions. We present here the first measurement of the cross section of one of
the main 36Cl production reactions, 33S(\alpha,p)36Cl, in the energy range 0.70
- 2.42 MeV/A. The cross section measurement was performed by bombarding a
target and collecting the recoiled 36Cl atoms produced in the reaction,
chemically processing the samples, and measuring the 36Cl/Cl ratio of the
activated samples with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The experimental
results were found to be systematically higher than the cross sections used in
previous local irradiation models and other Hauser-Feshbach calculated
predictions. However, the effects of the experimentally measured cross sections
on the modeled production of 36Cl in the early Solar System were found to be
minimal. Reactions channels involving S targets dominate 36Cl production, but
the astrophysical event parameters can dramatically change each reactions'
relative contribution.


title: A Method to Change Phase Transition Nature -- Toward Annealing Method --

abstract:
  In this paper, we review a way to change nature of phase transition with
annealing methods in mind. Annealing methods are regarded as a general
technique to solve optimization problems efficiently. In annealing methods, we
introduce a controllable parameter which represents a kind of fluctuation and
decrease the parameter gradually. Annealing methods face with a difficulty when
a phase transition point exists during the protocol. Then, it is important to
develop a method to avoid the phase transition by introducing a new type of
fluctuation. By taking the Potts model for instance, we review a way to change
the phase transition nature. Although the method described in this paper does
not succeed to avoid the phase transition, we believe that the concept of the
method will be useful for optimization problems.