title:
Nanowire photonic crystal waveguides for single-atom trapping and strong
  light-matter interactions

abstract:
  We present a comprehensive study of dispersion-engineered nanowire photonic
crystal waveguides suitable for experiments in quantum optics and atomic
physics with optically trapped atoms. Detailed design methodology and
specifications are provided, as are the processing steps used to create silicon
nitride waveguides of low optical loss in the near-IR. Measurements of the
waveguide optical properties and power-handling capability are also presented.


title:
Re-entrant superspin glass phase in La$_{0.82}$Ca$_{0.18}$MnO$_3$
  ferromagnetic insulator

abstract:
  We report results of magnetization and ac susceptibility measurements down to
very low fields on a single crystal of the perovskite manganite,
La$_{0.82}$Ca$_{0.18}$MnO$_3$. This composition falls in the intriguing
ferromagnetic insulator region of the manganite phase diagram. In contrast to
earlier beliefs, our investigations reveal that the system is magnetically (and
in every other sense) single-phase with a ferromagnetic ordering temperature of
$\sim$ 170 K. However, this ferromagnetic state is magnetically frustrated, and
the system exhibits pronounced glassy dynamics below 90 K. Based on measured
dynamical properties, we propose that this quasi-long-ranged ferromagnetic
phase, and associated superspin glass behavior, is the true magnetic state of
the system, rather than being a macroscopic mixture of ferromagnetic and
antiferromagnetic phases as often suggested. Our results provide an
understanding of the quantum phase transition from an antiferromagnetic
insulator to a ferromagnetic metal via this ferromagnetic insulating state as a
function of $x$ in La$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$, in terms of the possible formation
of magnetic polarons.


title:
Electrical properties of chain microstructure magnetic emulsions in
  magnetic field

abstract:
  The work deals with the experimental study of the emulsion whose dispersion
medium is a magnetic fluid while the disperse phase is formed by a
glycerin-water mixture. It is demonstrated that under effect of a magnetic
field chain aggregates form from the disperse phase drops. Such emulsion
microstructure change affects its macroscopic properties. The emulsion
dielectric permeability and specific electrical conductivity have been
measured. It is demonstrated that under the effect of relatively weak external
magnetic fields (~ 1 kA/m) the emulsion electrical parameters may change
several fold. The work theoretically analyzes the discovered regularities of
the emulsion electrical properties.


title:
Hydrothermal formation of Clay-Carbonate alteration assemblages in the
  Nili Fossae region of Mars

abstract:
  The Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) has returned
observations of the Nili Fossae region indicating the presence of Mg- carbonate
in small (<10km sq2), relatively bright rock units that are commonly fractured
(Ehlmann et al., 2008b). We have analyzed spectra from CRISM images and used
co-located HiRISE images in order to further characterize these
carbonate-bearing units. We applied absorption band mapping techniques to
investigate a range of possible phyllosilicate and carbonate minerals that
could be present in the Nili Fossae region. We also describe a clay-carbonate
hydrothermal alteration mineral assemblage in the Archean Warrawoona Group of
Western Australia that is a potential Earth analog to the Nili Fossae
carbonate-bearing rock units. We discuss the geological and biological
implications for hydrothermal processes on Noachian Mars.


title:
Image Acquisition in an Underwater Vision System with NIR and VIS
  Illumination

abstract:
  The paper describes the image acquisition system able to capture images in
two separated bands of light, used to underwater autonomous navigation. The
channels are: the visible light spectrum and near infrared spectrum. The
characteristics of natural, underwater environment were also described together
with the process of the underwater image creation. The results of an experiment
with comparison of selected images acquired in these channels are discussed.


title: Search for the eta-mesic helium by means of WASA detector at COSY

abstract:
  The eta-mesic nuclei in which the eta meson is bound with nucleus via strong
interaction was postulated about 25 years ago, however till now no experiment
confirmed empirically its existence. The discovery of this new kind of an
exotic nuclear matter would be very important for better understanding of the
eta meson structure and its interaction with nucleons. The search for eta-mesic
helium is carried out with high statistic and high acceptance with the
WASA-at-COSY detection setup and the Cooler Synchrotron COSY. The search is
conducted via the measurement of the excitation function for the chosen decay
channels of the 4He-eta system. Until now two reactions dd -> (4He-eta)bound
->3Heppi- and dd -> (4He-eta)bound ->3Henpi0 have been measured with the beam
momentum varied continuously around the eta meson production threshold. This
contribution includes description of recently published results of the
WASA-at-COSY experiment as well as brief presentation of preliminary results
from the analysis of new data sample with 20 times larger statistics.


title: Collective excitations of Bose gases in the mean-field regime

abstract:
  We study the spectrum of a large system of $N$ identical bosons interacting
via a two-body potential with strength $1/N$. In this mean-field regime,
Bogoliubov's theory predicts that the spectrum of the $N$-particle Hamiltonian
can be approximated by that of an effective quadratic Hamiltonian acting on
Fock space, which describes the fluctuations around a condensed state.
Recently, Bogoliubov's theory has been justified rigorously in the case that
the low-energy eigenvectors of the $N$-particle Hamiltonian display complete
condensation in the unique minimizer of the corresponding Hartree functional.
In this paper, we shall justify Bogoliubov's theory for the high-energy part of
the spectrum of the $N$-particle Hamiltonian corresponding to (non-linear)
excited states of the Hartree functional. Moreover, we shall extend the
existing results on the excitation spectrum to the case of non-uniqueness
and/or degeneracy of the Hartree minimizer. In particular, the latter covers
the case of rotating Bose gases, when the rotation speed is large enough to
break the symmetry and to produce multiple quantized vortices in the Hartree
minimizer.


title:
Higgs boson CP-properties of the gluonic contributions in Higgs plus
  three jet production via gluon fusion at the LHC

abstract:
  In high energy hadronic collisions, a general CP-violating Higgs boson $\Phi$
with accompanying jets can be efficiently produced via gluon fusion, which is
mediated by heavy quark loops. In this letter we study the dominant sub-channel
$ gg \to \Phi ggg$ of the gluon fusion production process with triple real
emission corrections at order $\alpha_s^5$. We go beyond the heavy top limit
approximation and include the full mass dependence of the top- and bottom-quark
contributions. Furthermore, we show within a toy-model scenario that
bottom-quark loop contributions in combination with large values of $\tan
\beta$ can modify visibly the differential distributions sensitive to
$\mathcal{CP}$-measurements of the Higgs boson particle.


title:
And$\hat{o}$-Douglas type characterization of generalized conditional
  expectations, optional projections and predictable projections

abstract:
  Generalized conditional expectations, optional projections and predictable
projections of stochastic processes play important roles in the general theory
of stochastic processes, semimartingale theory and stochastic calculus. They
share some important properties with ordinary conditional expectations. While
the characterization of ordinary conditional expectations has been studied by
several authors, no similar work seems to have been done for these three
concepts. This paper aims at undertaking this task by giving
And$\hat{o}$-Douglas type characterization theorem for each of them.


title: Equilibria Interchangeability in Cellular Games

abstract:
  The notion of interchangeability has been introduced by John Nash in one of
his original papers on equilibria. This paper studies properties of Nash
equilibria interchangeability in cellular games that model behavior of infinite
chain of homogeneous economic agents. The paper shows that there are games in
which strategy of any given player is interchangeable with strategies of
players in an arbitrary large neighborhood of the given player, but is not
interchangeable with the strategy of a remote player outside of the
neighborhood. The main technical result is a sound and complete logical system
describing universal properties of interchangeability common to all cellular
games.


title:
A Hybridized Weak Galerkin Finite Element Method for the Biharmonic
  Equation

abstract:
  This paper presents a hybridized formulation for the weak Galerkin finite
element method for the biharmonic equation. The hybridized weak Galerkin scheme
is based on the use of a Lagrange multiplier defined on the element boundaries.
The Lagrange multiplier is verified to provide a numerical approximation for
certain derivatives of the exact solution. An optimal order error estimate is
established for the numerical approximations arising from the hybridized weak
Galerkin finite element method. The paper also derives a computational
algorithm (Schur complement) by eliminating all the unknown variables on each
element, yielding a significantly reduced system of linear equations for
unknowns on the boundary of each element.


title: Calculation of low-lying energy levels in quantum mechanics

abstract:
  This paper proposes a very simple perturbative technique to calculate the
low-lying eigenvalues and eigenstates of a parity-symmetric quantum-mechanical
potential. The technique is to solve the time-independent Schroedinger
eigenvalue problem as a perturbation series in which the perturbation parameter
is the energy itself. Unlike nearly all perturbation series for physical
problems, for the ground state this perturbation expansion is convergent and,
even though the ground-state energy is in general not small compared with 1,
the perturbative results are numerically accurate. The perturbation series is
divergent for higher energy levels but can be easily evaluated by using methods
such as Pade summation.


title: Cats

abstract:
  A generalization of the notion of an $\infty$-category is presented, allowing
for ($\infty$-)cat(egorie)s that may have non-invertible higher morphisms.


title:
Origin of the wide-angle hot H2 in DG Tauri: New insight from SINFONI
  spectro-imaging

abstract:
  We wish to test the origins proposed for the extended hot H2 at 2000K around
the atomic jet from the T Tauri star DGTau, in order to constrain the
wide-angle wind structure and the possible presence of an MHD disk wind. We
present flux calibrated IFS observations in H2 1-0 S(1) obtained with
SINFONI/VLT. Thanks to spatial deconvolution by the PSF and to accurate
correction for uneven slit illumination, we performed a thorough analysis and
modeled the morphology, kinematics, and surface brightness. We also compared
our results with studies in [FeII], [OI], and FUV-pumped H2. The
limb-brightened H2 emission in the blue lobe is strikingly similar to
FUV-pumped H2 imaged 6yr later, confirming that they trace the same hot gas and
setting an upper limit of 12km/s on any expansion proper motion. The wide-angle
H2 rims are at lower blueshifts than probed by narrow long-slit spectra. We
confirm that they extend to larger angle and to lower speed the onion-like
velocity structure observed in optical atomic lines. The latter is shown to be
steady over more/equal than 4yr but undetected in [FeII] by SINFONI, probably
due to strong iron depletion. The H2 rim thickness less/equal than 14AU rules
out excitation by C-shocks, and J-shock speeds are constrained to 10km/s. We
find that explaining the H2 wide-angle emission with a shocked layer requires
either a recent outburst (15yr) into a pre-existing ambient outflow or an
excessive wind mass flux. A slow photoevaporative wind from the dense
irradiated disk surface and an MHD disk wind heated by ambipolar diffusion seem
to be more promising and need to be modeled in more detail.


title: Effective dissipation and nonlocality induced by nonparaxiality

abstract:
  We investigate beam diffraction and spatial modulation instability of
coherent light beams propagating in the non-paraxial regime in a nonlinear Kerr
medium. We study the instability of plane wave solutions in terms of the degree
of non-paraxiality, beyond the regime of validity of the nonlinear Schroedinger
equation. We also numerically analyze the way non-paraxial terms breaks the
integrability and affect the periodical evolution of higher order soliton
solutions. We discuss non-locality and effective dissipation introduced by the
non-linear coupling with evanescent waves.


title: Generation of a tunable environment for electrical oscillator systems

abstract:
  Many physical, chemical and biological systems can be modeled by means of
random-frequency harmonic oscillator systems. Even though the noise-free
evolution of harmonic oscillator systems can be easily implemented, the way to
experimentally introduce, and control, noise effects due to a surrounding
environment remains a subject of lively interest. Here, we experimentally
demonstrate a setup that provides a unique tool to generate a fully tunable
environment for classical electrical oscillator systems. We illustrate the
operation of the setup by implementing the case of a damped random-frequency
harmonic oscillator. The high degree of tunability and control of our scheme is
demonstrated by gradually modifying the statistics of the oscillator's
frequency fluctuations. This tunable system can readily be used to
experimentally study interesting noise effects, such as noise-induced
transitions in systems driven by multiplicative noise, and noise-induced
transport, a phenomenon that takes place in quantum and classical coupled
oscillator networks.


title:
Non-collinear magnetism induced by frustration in transition-metal
  nanostructures deposited on surfaces

abstract:
  How does magnetism behave when the physical dimension is reduced to the size
of nanostructures? The multiplicity of magnetic states in these systems can be
very rich, in that their properties depend on the atomic species, the cluster
size, shape and symmetry or choice of the substrate. Small variations of the
cluster parameters may change the properties dramatically. Research in this
field has gained much by the many novel experimental methods and techniques
exhibiting atomic resolution. Here I review the ab-initio approach, focusing on
recent calculations on magnetic frustration and occurrence of non-collinear
magnetism in antiferromagnetic nanostructures deposited on surfaces.


title:
$B$ decays to two pseudoscalars and a generalized $\Delta I =
  \frac{1}{2}$ rule

abstract:
  We perform an isospin analysis of $B$ decays to two pseudoscalars. The
analysis extracts appropriate CKM and short distance loop factors to allow for
comparison of non-perturbative QCD effects in the reduced matrix elements of
the amplitudes. In decays where penguin diagrams compete with tree-level
diagrams we find that the reduced matrix elements of the penguin diagrams,
which are singlets or doublets under isospin, are significantly enhanced
compared with the triplet and fourplet contributions of the weak Hamiltonian.
This similarity to the $\Delta I =\frac{1}{2}$ rule in $K \to \pi \pi$ decays
suggests that, more generally, processes mediated by Hamiltonians in
lower-dimensional isospin representations see enhancement over
higher-dimensional ones in QCD.


title:
Dancing in the dark: galactic properties trace spin swings along the
  cosmic web

abstract:
  A large-scale hydrodynamical cosmological simulation, Horizon-AGN, is used to
investigate the alignment between the spin of galaxies and the cosmic filaments
above redshift 1.2. The analysis of more than 150 000 galaxies per time step in
the redshift range 1.2<z<1.8 with morphological diversity shows that the spin
of low-mass blue galaxies is preferentially aligned with their neighbouring
filaments, while high-mass red galaxies tend to have a perpendicular spin. The
reorientation of the spin of massive galaxies is provided by galaxy mergers,
which are significant in their mass build-up. We find that the stellar mass
transition from alignment to misalignment happens around 3.10^10 M_sun.
Galaxies form in the vorticity-rich neighbourhood of filaments, and migrate
towards the nodes of the cosmic web as they convert their orbital angular
momentum into spin. The signature of this process can be traced to the
properties of galaxies, as measured relative to the cosmic web. We argue that a
strong source of feedback such as active galactic nuclei is mandatory to quench
in situ star formation in massive galaxies and promote various morphologies. It
allows mergers to play their key role by reducing post-merger gas inflows and,
therefore, keeping spins misaligned with cosmic filaments.


title:
The importance of minor-merger-driven star formation and black-hole
  growth in disk galaxies

abstract:
  We use the SDSS Stripe 82 to empirically quantify the stellar-mass and
black-hole growth triggered by minor mergers in local spiral (disk) galaxies.
Since major mergers destroy disks and create spheroids, morphologically
disturbed spirals are likely remnants of minor mergers. Disturbed spirals
exhibit enhanced specific star formation rates (SSFRs), the enhancement
increasing in galaxies of 'later' morphological type (which have more gas and
smaller bulges). By combining the SSFR enhancements with the fraction of time
spirals spend in this 'enhanced' mode, we estimate that ~40% of the star
formation in local spirals is directly triggered by minor mergers. The
disturbed spirals also exhibit higher nuclear-accretion rates, implying that
minor mergers enhance the growth rate of the central black hole. However, the
specific accretion rate shows a lower enhancement than that in the SSFR,
suggesting that the coupling between stellar-mass and black-hole growth is weak
in minor-merger-driven episodes. Given the significant fraction of star
formation that is triggered by minor mergers, this weaker coupling may
contribute to the large intrinsic scatter observed in the stellar vs.
black-hole mass relation in spirals. Combining our results with the star
formation in early-type galaxies -- which is minor-merger-driven and accounts
for ~14% of the star formation budget -- suggests that around half of the star
formation activity in the local Universe is triggered by the minor-merger
process.


title: Covariant Approaches to Superconformal Blocks

abstract:
  We develop techniques for computing superconformal blocks in 4d
superconformal field theories. First we study the super-Casimir differential
equation, deriving simple new expressions for superconformal blocks for 4-point
functions containing chiral operators in theories with N-extended
supersymmetry. We also reproduce these results by extending the "shadow
formalism" of Ferrara, Gatto, Grillo, and Parisi to supersymmetric theories,
where superconformal blocks can be represented as superspace integrals of
three-point functions multiplied by shadow three-point functions.


title:
What is the physical origin of strong Lya emission? II. Gas Kinematics
  and Distribution of Lya Emitters

abstract:
  We present a statistical study of velocities of Lya, interstellar (IS)
absorption, and nebular lines and gas covering fraction for Lya emitters (LAEs)
at z~2. We make a sample of 22 LAEs with a large Lya equivalent width (EW) of >
50A based on our deep Keck/LRIS observations, in conjunction with spectroscopic
data from the Subaru/FMOS program and the literature. We estimate the average
velocity offset of Lya from a systemic redshift determined with nebular lines
to be dv_Lya=234+-9 km s-1. Using a Kolmogorv-Smirnov test, we confirm the
previous claim of Hashimoto et al. (2013) that the average dv_Lya of LAEs is
smaller than that of LBGs. Our LRIS data successfully identify blue-shifted
multiple IS absorption lines in the UV continua of four LAEs on an individual
basis. The average velocity offset of IS absorption lines from a systemic
redshift is dv_IS=204+-27 km s-1, indicating LAE's gas outflow with a velocity
comparable to typical LBGs. Thus, the ratio, R^Lya_ IS = dv_Lya/dv_IS of LAEs,
is around unity, suggestive of low impacts on Lya transmission by resonant
scattering of neutral hydrogen in the IS medium. We find an anti-correlation
between Lya EW and the covering fraction, f_c, estimated from the depth of
absorption lines, where f_c is an indicator of average neutral hydrogen column
density, N_HI. The results of our study support the idea that N_HI is a key
quantity determining Lya emissivity.


title: Exoplanetary Atmospheres

abstract:
  The study of exoplanetary atmospheres is one of the most exciting and dynamic
frontiers in astronomy. Over the past two decades ongoing surveys have revealed
an astonishing diversity in the planetary masses, radii, temperatures, orbital
parameters, and host stellar properties of exoplanetary systems. We are now
moving into an era where we can begin to address fundamental questions
concerning the diversity of exoplanetary compositions, atmospheric and interior
processes, and formation histories, just as have been pursued for solar system
planets over the past century. Exoplanetary atmospheres provide a direct means
to address these questions via their observable spectral signatures. In the
last decade, and particularly in the last five years, tremendous progress has
been made in detecting atmospheric signatures of exoplanets through photometric
and spectroscopic methods using a variety of space-borne and/or ground-based
observational facilities. These observations are beginning to provide important
constraints on a wide gamut of atmospheric properties, including
pressure-temperature profiles, chemical compositions, energy circulation,
presence of clouds, and non-equilibrium processes. The latest studies are also
beginning to connect the inferred chemical compositions to exoplanetary
formation conditions. In the present chapter, we review the most recent
developments in the area of exoplanetary atmospheres. Our review covers
advances in both observations and theory of exoplanetary atmospheres, and spans
a broad range of exoplanet types (gas giants, ice giants, and super-Earths) and
detection methods (transiting planets, direct imaging, and radial velocity). We
close with a discussion of the bright prospects for future studies of
exoplanetary atmospheres.


title:
The search for neutrino-less double-beta decay: summary of current
  experiments

abstract:
  The search for neutrino-less double-beta decay has been a very active field
of research in the last decade. Neutrino-less double-beta decay may answer
essential open questions in neutrino physics. While double-beta decay
accompanied by the emission of two neutrinos is allowed by the Standard Model,
the neutrino-less process requires neutrinos to be Majorana particles.
Detecting this decay could determine the nature of neutrinos, the neutrino
effective mass, and the mass hierarchy. Xenon-136 and germanium-76 experiments
currently have the best sensitivities. For both isotopes the lifetime of
neutrino-less double-beta decay has been determined to be longer than 10^25
years, several orders of magnitude slower than the slowest process that has
been detected. In this paper the basic theory of neutrino-less double-beta
decay and its relationship to the neutrino mass are discussed. A review of the
experimental efforts underway to measure this decay is presented, along with
the status and sensitivity of current and near future searches.


title:
Generalized Newtonian description of particle motion in spherically
  symmetric spacetimes

abstract:
  We present a generalized Newtonian description of particle dynamics valid for
any spherically symmetric, static black hole spacetime. This approach is
derived from the geodesic motion of test particles in the low-energy limit. It
reproduces exactly the location of the marginally stable, marginally bound, and
photon circular orbits; the radial dependence of the energy and angular
momentum of circular orbits; parabolic motion; pericentre shift; and the
spatial projection of general trajectories. As explicit examples of the new
prescription, we apply it to the Schwarzschild, Schwarzschild-de Sitter,
Reissner-Nordstr\"om, Ay\'on Beato-Garc\'ia, and Kehagias-Sfetsos spacetimes.
In all of these examples, the orbital and epicyclic frequencies are reproduced
to better than 10%. The resulting equations of motion can be implemented easily
and efficiently within existing Newtonian frameworks.


title:
ZENS IV. Similar Morphological Changes associated with Mass- and
  Environment-Quenching, and the Relative importance of Bulge Growth versus the
  Fading of Disks

abstract:
  We use ZENS data at low redshift to study the dependence of the quenched
satellite fraction and of the morphological mix of these quenched satellites,
on three different environmental parameters: group halo mass, halo-centric
distance and large-scale structure over-density. The fraction of quenched
satellites is independent of halo mass and the surrounding large-scale
overdensity, but increases towards the centres of the haloes, as previously
found. The morphological mix is, however, constant with radial position,
indicating that the well-known morphology-density relation results from the
increasing fraction of quenched galaxies towards the centres of haloes. The
constancy of the morphological outcome suggests that mass-quenching and
satellite quenching have the same effect on the morphologies of the galaxies.
The quenched satellites have larger B/T and smaller half-light radii than the
star-forming satellites. These are mostly due to differences in the disks. The
bulges in quenched satellites have very similar luminosities and surface
brightness profiles, and any mass growth of the bulges associated with
quenching cannot greatly change these quantities. The quenched disks are
fainter and have smaller scale lengths than in star-forming satellites. This
can be explained either by a differential fading of the disks or if disks were
generally smaller in the past, both of which are expected in an inside-out
growth of disks. At least at low redshifts, the structure of massive quenched
satellites is produced by processes that operate before quenching takes place.
A comparison with semi-analytic models argues for a reduction in the efficiency
of group halos in quenching their disk satellites and for mechanisms to
increase the B/T of low mass quenched satellites. [abridged]


title:
New Constraints on Dark Matter Effective Theories from Standard Model
  Loops

abstract:
  We consider an effective field theory for a gauge singlet Dirac dark matter
(DM) particle interacting with the Standard Model (SM) fields via effective
operators suppressed by the scale $\Lambda \gtrsim 1$ TeV. We perform a
systematic analysis of the leading loop contributions to spin-independent (SI)
DM--nucleon scattering using renormalization group evolution between $\Lambda$
and the low-energy scale probed by direct detection experiments. We find that
electroweak interactions induce operator mixings such that operators that are
naively velocity-suppressed and spin-dependent can actually contribute to SI
scattering. This allows us to put novel constraints on Wilson coefficients that
were so far poorly bounded by direct detection. Constraints from current
searches are comparable to LHC bounds, and will significantly improve in the
near future. Interestingly, the loop contribution we find is maximally isospin
violating even if the underlying theory is isospin conserving.


title:
Comment on "Elementary formula for the Hall conductivity of interacting
  systems"

abstract:
  In a recent paper by Neupert, Santos, Chamon, and Mudry [Phys. Rev. B 86,
165133 (2012)] it is claimed that there is an elementary formula for the Hall
conductivity of fractional Chern insulators. We show that the proposed formula
cannot generally be correct, and we suggest one possible source of the error.
Our reasoning can be generalized to show no quantity (such as Hall
conductivity) expected to be constant throughout an entire phase of matter can
possibly be given as the expectation of any time independent short ranged
operator.


title:
Erratum for "Elementary formula for the Hall conductivity of interacting
  systems"

abstract:
  When deriving a formula for the Hall conductivity of interacting electrons in
Phys. Rev. B 86, 165133, we have relied on an unjustified implicit assumption
that a certain gauge choice could be made. Only under this condition would the
formula follow. If this condition fails, the formula we derived does not lead
to the exactly quantized value of the Hall conductance in fractional Chern
insulators.


title: Ward-Green-Takahashi identities and the axial-vector vertex

abstract:
  The colour-singlet axial-vector vertex plays a pivotal role in understanding
dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and numerous hadronic weak interactions, yet
scant model-independent information is available. We therefore use longitudinal
and transverse Ward-Green-Takahashi (WGT) identities, together with kinematic
constraints, in order to ameliorate this situation and expose novel features of
the axial vertex: amongst them, Ward-like identities for elements in the
transverse piece of the vertex, which complement and shed new light on
identities determined previously for components in its longitudinal part. Such
algebraic results are verified via solutions of the Bethe-Salpeter equation for
the axial vertex obtained using two materially different kernels for the
relevant Dyson-Schwinger equations. The solutions also provide insights that
suggest a practical Ansatz for the axial-vector vertex.


title:
Revisiting the fundamental properties of Cepheid Polaris using detailed
  stellar evolution models

abstract:
  Polaris the Cepheid has been observed for centuries, presenting surprises and
changing our view of Cepheids and stellar astrophysics, in general.
Specifically, understanding Polaris helps anchor the Cepheid Leavitt law, but
the distance must be measured precisely. The recent debate regarding the
distance to Polaris has raised questions about its role in calibrating the
Leavitt law and even its evolutionary status. In this work, I present new
stellar evolution models of Cepheids to compare with previously measured CNO
abundances, period change and angular diameter. Based on the comparison, I show
that Polaris cannot be evolving along the first crossing of the Cepheid
instability strip and cannot have evolved from a rapidly-rotating main sequence
star. As such, Polaris must also be at least 118 pc away and pulsates in the
first overtone, disagreeing with the recent results of Turner et al. (2013).


title:
Computing decay rates for new physics theories with FeynRules and
  MadGraph5/aMC@NLO

abstract:
  We present new features of the FeynRules and MadGraph5/aMC@NLO programs for
the automatic computation of decay widths that consistently include channels of
arbitrary final-state multiplicity. The implementations are generic enough so
that they can be used in the framework of any quantum field theory, possibly
including higher-dimensional operators. We extend at the same time the
conventions of the Universal FeynRules Output (or UFO) format to include decay
tables and information on the total widths. We finally provide a set of
representative examples of the usage of the new functions of the different
codes in the framework of the Standard Model, the Higgs Effective Field Theory,
the Strongly Interacting Light Higgs model and the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model and compare the results to available literature and programs for
validation purposes.


title:
On the Use of Cherenkov Telescopes for Outer Solar System Body
  Occultations

abstract:
  Imaging Atmosphere Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) are arrays of very large
optical telescopes that are well-suited for rapid photometry of bright sources.
I investigate their potential in observing stellar occultations by small
objects in the outer Solar System, Transjovian Objects (TJOs). These
occultations cast diffraction patterns on the Earth. Current IACT arrays are
capable of detecting objects smaller than 100 metres in radius in the Kuiper
Belt and 1 km radius out to 5000 AU. The future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA)
will have even greater capabilities. Because the arrays include several
telescopes, they can potentially measure the speeds of TJOs without
degeneracies, and the sizes of the TJOs and background stars. I estimate the
achievable precision using a Fisher matrix analysis. With CTA, the precisions
of these parameter estimations will be as good as a few percent. I consider how
often detectable occultations occur by members of different TJO populations,
including Centaurs, Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs), Oort cloud objects, and
satellites and Trojans of Uranus and Neptune. The great sensitivity of IACT
arrays means that they likely detect KBO occultations once every O(10) hours
when looking near the ecliptic. IACTs can also set useful limits on many other
TJO populations.


title: Accretion in giant planet circumplanetary disks

abstract:
  During the final growth phase of giant planets, accretion is thought to be
controlled by a surrounding circumplanetary disk. Current astrophysical
accretion disk models rely on hydromagnetic turbulence or gravitoturbulence as
the source of effective viscosity within the disk. However, the
magnetically-coupled accreting region in these models is so limited that the
disk may not support inflow at all radii, or at the required rate. Here, we
examine the conditions needed for self-consistent accretion, in which the disk
is susceptible to accretion driven by magnetic fields or gravitational
instability. We model the disk as a Shakura-Sunyaev $\alpha$ disk and calculate
the level of ionisation, the strength of coupling between the field and disk
using Ohmic, Hall and Ambipolar diffusevities for both an MRI and vertical
field, and the strength of gravitational instability. We find that the standard
constant-$\alpha$ disk is only coupled to the field by thermal ionisation
within $30\,R_J$ with strong magnetic diffusivity prohibiting accretion through
the bulk of the midplane. In light of the failure of the constant-$\alpha$ disk
to produce accretion consistent with its viscosity we drop the assumption of
constant-$\alpha$ and present an alternate model in which $\alpha$ varies
radially according to the level magnetic turbulence or gravitoturbulence. We
find that a vertical field may drive accretion across the entire disk, whereas
MRI can drive accretion out to $\sim200\,R_J$, beyond which Toomre's $Q=1$ and
gravitoturbulence dominates. The disks are relatively hot ($T\gtrsim800\,$K),
and consequently massive ($M_{\text{disk}}\sim0.5\,M_J$).


title:
Mixing asymmetries in B meson systems, the D0 like-sign dimuon asymmetry
  and generic New Physics

abstract:
  The measurement of a large like-sign dimuon asymmetry $A^b_{SL}$ by the D0
experiment at the Tevatron departs noticeably from Standard Model expectations
and it may be interpreted as a hint of physics beyond the Standard Model
contributing to $\Delta B\neq 0$ transitions. In this work we analyse how the
natural suppression of $A^b_{SL}$ in the SM can be circumvented by New Physics.
We consider generic Standard Model extensions where the charged current mixing
matrix is enlarged with respect to the usual $3\times 3$ unitary
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, and show how, within this framework, a
significant enhancement over Standard Model expectations for $A^b_{SL}$ is
easily reachable through enhancements of the semileptonic asymmetries
$A^d_{SL}$ and $A^s_{SL}$ of both $B^0_d$ - $\bar B^0_d$ and $B^0_s$ - $\bar
B^0_s$ systems. Despite being insufficient to reproduce the D0 measurement,
such deviations from SM expectations may be probed by the LHCb experiment.


title:
The Effect of Metallicity-Dependent T-tau Relations on Calibrated
  Stellar Models

abstract:
  Mixing length theory is the predominant treatment of convection in stellar
models today. Usually described by a single free parameter, alpha, the common
practice is to calibrate it using the properties of the Sun, and apply it to
all other stellar models as well. Asteroseismic data from Kepler and CoRoT
provide precise properties of other stars which can be used to determine alpha
as well, and a recent study of stars in the Kepler field of view found alpha to
vary with metallicity. Interpreting alpha obtained from calibrated stellar
models, however, is complicated by the fact that the value for alpha depends on
the surface boundary condition of the stellar model, or T-tau relation.
Calibrated models that use typical T-tau relations, which are static and
insensitive to chemical composition, do not include the complete effect of
metallicity on alpha. We use 3D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations to extract
metallicity-dependent T-tau relations and use them in calibrated stellar
models. We find the previously reported alpha-metallicity trend to be robust,
and not significantly affected by the surface boundary condition of the stellar
models.


title: Barometric Effect of High-Energy Muons (> 230 GeV)

abstract:
  According to the Baksan underground scintillation telescope data the
barometric coefficients for six intervals of zenith angles of particle
registration were obtained for ten years (2003-2012). The obtained barometric
coefficients exceed an order of magnitude the theoretical values. Nevertheless,
these results are in good agreement with the data obtained for the barometric
effect of high-energy muons in a number papers of other authors. And there is a
noticeable increase of the absolute values of the measured barometric
coefficients with increase of the threshold energy of muons.


title:
Spatially resolved imaging of the two-component eta Crv debris disk with
  Herschel

abstract:
  We present far-infrared and sub-millimeter images of the eta Crv debris disk
system obtained with Herschel and SCUBA-2, as well as Hubble Space Telescope
visible and near-infrared coronagraphic images. In the 70 micron Herschel
image, we clearly separate the thermal emission from the warm and cold belts in
the system, find no evidence for a putative dust population located between
them, and precisely determine the geometry of the outer belt. We also find
marginal evidence for azimuthal asymmetries and a global offset of the outer
debris ring relative to the central star. Finally, we place stringent upper
limits on the scattered light surface brightness of the outer ring. Using
radiative transfer modeling, we find that it is impossible to account for all
observed properties of the system under the assumption that both rings contain
dust populations with the same properties. While the outer belt is in
reasonable agreement with the expectations of steady-state collisional cascade
models, albeit with a minimum grain size that is four times larger than the
blow-out size, the inner belt appears to contain copious amounts of small dust
grains, possibly below the blow-out size. This suggests that the inner belt
cannot result from a simple transport of grains from the outer belt and rather
supports a more violent phenomenon as its origin. We also find that the
emission from the inner belt has not declined over three decades, a much longer
timescale than its dynamical timescale, which indicates that the belt is
efficiently replenished.


title:
Discontinuous Galerkin Isogeometric Analysis of Elliptic PDEs on
  Surfaces

abstract:
  Isogeometric analysis uses the same class of basis functions for both,
representing the geometry of the computational domain and approximating the
solution. In practical applications, geometrical patches are used in order to
get flexibility in the geometrical representation. This patch representation
corresponds to a domain decomposition. In this paper, we present for the first
time a Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) Method that allows for discontinuities only
along the sub-domain (patch) boundaries. The required smoothness is obtained by
the DG terms associated with the boundary of the sub-domains. The construction
and corresponding discretization error analysis of such DG scheme is presented
for Elliptic PDEs in a 2D as well as on open and closed surfaces. Furthermore,
we present numerical results to confirm the theory presented.


title: Nonlinear correction to the longitudinal structure function at small x

abstract:
  We computed the longitudinal proton structure function $F_{L}$, using the
nonlinear Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-parisi (NLDGLAP) evolution
equation approach at small $x$. For the gluon distribution, the nonlinear
effects are related to the longitudinal structure function. As, the very small
$x$ behavior of the gluon distribution is obtained by solving the Gribov,
Levin, Ryskin, Mueller and Qiu (GLR-MQ) evolution equation with the nonlinear
shadowing term incorporated. We show, the strong rise that is corresponding to
the linear QCD evolution equations, can be tamed by screening effects.
Consequently, the obtained longitudinal structure function shows a tamed growth
at small $x$. We computed the predictions for all detail of the nonlinear
longitudinal structure function in the kinematic range where it has been
measured by $H1$ collaboration and compared with computation Moch, Vermaseren
and Vogt at the second order with input data from MRST QCD fit.


title: Observables for model-independent detections of Z' boson at the ILC

abstract:
  The integral observables for model-independent detections of Abelian Z' gauge
boson in e^+ e^- -> mu^+ mu^- (tau^+ \tau^-) process with unpolarized beams at
the ILC energies are proposed. They are based on the differential cross-section
of deviations from the standard model predictions calculated with a low energy
effective Lagrangian and taking into consideration the relations between the Z'
couplings to the fermions derived already. Due to these relations, the
cross-section exhibits angular distribution giving a possibility for
introducing one- or two parameter observables which effectively fit the mass
m_Z', the axial-vector (a_Z)'^2 and the product of vector couplings v_e v_mu
(v_e v_tau). Comparison with other results and approaches is given.


title: On Designing Better Tools for Learning APIs

abstract:
  Modern software development requires a large investment in learning
application programming interfaces (APIs). Recent research found that the
learning materials themselves are often inadequate: developers struggle to find
answers beyond simple usage scenarios. Solving these problems requires a large
investment in tool and search engine development. To understand where further
investment would be most useful, we ran a study with 19 professional developers
to understand what a solution might look like, free of technical constraints.
In this paper, we report on design implications of tools for API learning,
grounded in the reality of the professional developers themselves. The
reoccurring themes in the participants' feedback were trustworthiness,
confidentiality, information overload and the need for code examples as
first-class documentation artifacts.


title: Finding physics signals with event deconstruction

abstract:
  We develop a matrix element based reconstruction method called event
deconstruction. The method uses information from the hard matrix element and a
parton shower to assign probabilities to whether a final state was initiated by
a signal or background process. We apply this method in the signal process of a
Z' decaying to boosted top quarks in an all hadronic final state and discuss
envisioned improvements of the method. We find that event deconstruction can
considerably improve on existing reconstruction techniques.


title: Zeeman Modulated Spin Echo in Orthorhombic Symmetry

abstract:
  The experimental study of the modulation of the envelope of spin-echo signals
due to internal and external fields is an important spectroscopic tool to
detect very small internal magnetic fields. We derive the free induction decay
and the frequency spectrum and amplitude of spin-echo signals for arbitrary
orientation of fields with respect to crystalline axis for nuclei in a crystal
of orthorhombic symmetry. Results reproduce the results that no modulation
should be observed in tetragonal crystals for fields either along the c-axis or
any direction in the basal plane and give details of the signal as a function
of the orthorhombicity parameter. They are used to discuss recent experimental
results and provide guidelines for future experiments.


title: The Analysis of Kademlia for random IDs

abstract:
  Kademlia is the de facto standard searching algorithm for P2P (peer-to-peer)
networks on the Internet. In our earlier work, we introduced two slightly
different models for Kademlia and studied how many steps it takes to search for
a target node by using Kademlia's searching algorithm. The first model, in
which nodes of the network are labelled with deterministic IDs, had been
discussed in that paper. The second one, in which nodes are labelled with
random IDs, which we call the Random ID Model, was only briefly mentioned.
Refined results with detailed proofs for this model are given in this paper.
Our analysis shows that with high probability it takes about $c \log n$ steps
to locate any node, where $n$ is the total number of nodes in the network and
$c$ is a constant that does not depend on $n$.


title: The Spectroscopic Orbits of Five Solar Type, Single Lined Binaries

abstract:
  We have determined spectroscopic orbits for five single-lined spectroscopic
binaries, HD 100167, HD 135991, HD 140667, HD 158222, HD 217924. Their periods
range from 60.6 to 2403 days and the eccentricities, from 0.20 to 0.84. Our
spectral classes for the stars confirm that they are of solar type, F9 to G5,
and all are dwarfs. Their [Fe/H] abundances, determined spectroscopically, are
close to the solar value and on average are 0.12 greater than abundances from a
photometric calibration. Four of the five stars are rotating faster than their
predicted pseudosynchronous rotational velocities.


title: Symmetry results for fractional elliptic systems and related problems

abstract:
  We study elliptic gradient systems with fractional laplacian operators on the
whole space $$ (- \Delta)^\mathbf s \mathbf u =\nabla H (\mathbf u) \ \
\text{in}\ \ \mathbf{R}^n,$$ where $\mathbf u:\mathbf{R}^n\to \mathbf{R}^m$,
$H\in C^{2,\gamma}(\mathbf{R}^m)$ for $\gamma > \max(0,1-2\min \left \{s_i
\right \})$, $\mathbf s=(s_1,\cdots,s_m)$ for $0<s_i<1$ and $\nabla H (\mathbf
u)=(H_{u_i}(u_1, u_2,\cdots,u_m))_{i}$. We prove De Giorgi type results for
this system for certain values of $\mathbf s$ and in lower dimensions, i.e.
$n=2,3$. Just like the local case, the concepts of orientable systems and
$H-$monotone solutions, established in [18], play the key role in proving
symmetry results. In addition, we provide optimal energy estimates, a
monotonicity formula, a Hamiltonian identity and various Liouville theorems.


title: Compressing IP Forwarding Tables: Towards Entropy Bounds and Beyond

abstract:
  Lately, there has been an upsurge of interest in compressed data structures,
aiming to pack ever larger quantities of information into constrained memory
without sacrificing the efficiency of standard operations, like random access,
search, or update. The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate how data
compression can benefit the networking community, by showing how to squeeze the
IP Forwarding Information Base (FIB), the giant table consulted by IP routers
to make forwarding decisions, into information-theoretical entropy bounds, with
essentially zero cost on longest prefix match and FIB update. First, we adopt
the state-of-the-art in compressed data structures, yielding a static
entropy-compressed FIB representation with asymptotically optimal lookup. Then,
we re-design the venerable prefix tree, used commonly for IP lookup for at
least 20 years in IP routers, to also admit entropy bounds and support lookup
in optimal time and update in nearly optimal time. Evaluations on a Linux
kernel prototype indicate that our compressors encode a FIB comprising more
than 440K prefixes to just about 100--400 KBytes of memory, with a threefold
increase in lookup throughput and no penalty on FIB updates.
  This technical report contains a number of important corrections and
revisions to the original manuscript.


title: Hybrid optomechanics for Quantum Technologies

abstract:
  We review the physics of hybrid optomechanical systems consisting of a
mechanical oscillator interacting with both a radiation mode and an additional
matter-like system. We concentrate on the cases embodied by either a single or
a multi-atom system (a Bose-Einstein condensate, in particular) and discuss a
wide range of physical effects, from passive mechanical cooling to the set-up
of multipartite entanglement, from optomechanical non-locality to the
achievement of non-classical states of a single mechanical mode. The reviewed
material showcases the viability of hybridised cavity optomechanical systems as
basic building blocks for quantum communication networks and quantum
state-engineering devices, possibly empowered by the use of quantum and optimal
control techniques. The results that we discuss are instrumental to the
promotion of hybrid optomechanical devices as promising experimental platforms
for the study of non-classicality at the genuine mesoscopic level.


title:
Lifetime of Single-Particle Excitations in a Dilute Bose-Einstein
  Condensate at Zero Temperature

abstract:
  We study the lifetime of single-particle excitations in a dilute homogeneous
Bose-Einstein condensate at zero temperature based on a self-consistent
perturbation expansion of satisfying Goldstone's theorem and conservation laws
simultaneously.It is shown that every excitation for each momentum ${\bf p}$
should have a finite lifetime proportional to the inverse $a^{-1}$ of the
$s$-wave scattering length $a$, instead of $a^{-2}$ for the normal state, due
to a new class of Feynman diagrams for the self-energy that emerges upon
condensation. We calculate the lifetime as a function of $|{\bf p}|$
approximately.


title: The operadic modeling of gauge systems of the Yang-Mills type

abstract:
  The basics of operadic variational formalism is presented which is necessary
when modeling the operadic systems. A general gauge theoretic approach to the
abstract operads, based on the physical measurements concepts, is justified and
considered. It is explained how the matrix and Poisson algebra relations can be
extended to operadic realm. The tangent cohomology spaces of the binary
associative flows with their Gerstenhaber algebra structure can be seen as
equally natural objects for operadic modeling, just as the matrix and Poisson
algebras in conventional modeling. In particular, the relation of the tangent
Gerstenhaber algebras to operadic Stokes law for operadic observables is
revealed and discussed. Based on this, the rational (cohomological) variational
principle and operadic Heisenberg equation for quantum operadic flows are
stated. As a modeling selection rule, the operadic gauge equations of the
Yang-Mills type are considered and justified from the point of view of the
physical measurements and the algebraic deformation theory. It is also shown
how the binary weakly non-associative operations are related to approximate
operadic (anti-)self-dual models.


title:
Variability in the 2MASS Calibration Fields: A Search for Transient
  Obscuration Events

abstract:
  We searched the light curves of over 40000 stars in the 2MASS calibration
database, spanning approximately 4 years, for objects that have significant day
long dimming events. We also searched the multi-color light curves for red
dimming events that could be due to transient extinction. In the color
independent sigma-limited search, we found 46 previously unknown eclipsing
binaries, 6 periodic variable stars likely to be intrinsic pulsators and 21
young stellar objects in the $\rho$ Ophiucus star formation region previously
studied by Parks et al. 2013. An additional 11 objects exhibited dimming events
and most of these are unclassified.
  The search for red dimming events primarily reveals a population of low
luminosity active galaxies that become bluer when they are brighter, and
variable young stellar objects exhibiting high cross-correlation coefficients
between color and brightness. The young stellar objects exhibit brightness and
color variations in the direction of interstellar extinction whereas the active
galaxies can have a bowed distribution in color and magnitude with reduced
variation in color when the object is brightest.
  Among the objects that are usually quiescent (not strongly variable), we
failed to find any dimming events deeper than 0.2 magnitude and lasting longer
than a day. Two of the least embedded young stellar objects, however, dimmed by
0.2 mag for longer than a day without strong color variation. Having failed to
find new exotic objects, we explored ways to eliminate commonly found objects
so that a larger number of objects may be searched. We find that all but one
eclipsing binary are excluded by requiring moderate color variation during a
dimming event and most of the active galaxies and young stellar objects are
excluded by placing a limit on the standard deviation of the magnitude
distribution in the light curve.


title:
A combinatorial proof of strict unimodality for $q$-binomial
  coefficients

abstract:
  Pak and Panova recently proved that the $q$-binomial coefficient ${m+n
\choose m}_q$ is a strictly unimodal polynomial in $q$ for $m,n \geq 8$, via
the representation theory of the symmetric group. We give a direct
combinatorial proof of their result by characterizing when a product of chains
is strictly unimodal and then applying O'Hara's structure theorem for the
partition lattice $L(m,n)$. In fact, we prove a stronger result: if $m, n \geq
8d$, and $2d \leq r \leq mn/2$, then the $r$-th rank of $L(m,n)$ has at least
$d$ more elements that the next lower rank.


title:
Magnetization dynamics: path-integral formalism for the stochastic
  Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation

abstract:
  We construct a path-integral representation of the generating functional for
the dissipative dynamics of a classical magnetic moment as described by the
stochastic generalization of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation proposed by
Brown, with the possible addition of spin-torque terms. In the process of
constructing this functional in the Cartesian coordinate system, we critically
revisit this stochastic equation. We present it in a form that accommodates for
any discretization scheme thanks to the inclusion of a drift term. The
generalized equation ensures the conservation of the magnetization modulus and
the approach to the Gibbs-Boltzmann equilibrium in the absence of non-potential
and time-dependent forces. The drift term vanishes only if the mid-point
Stratonovich prescription is used. We next reset the problem in the more
natural spherical coordinate system. We show that the noise transforms
non-trivially to spherical coordinates acquiring a non-vanishing mean value in
this coordinate system, a fact that has been often overlooked in the
literature. We next construct the generating functional formalism in this
system of coordinates for any discretization prescription. The functional
formalism in Cartesian or spherical coordinates should serve as a starting
point to study different aspects of the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of magnets.
Extensions to colored noise, micro-magnetism and disordered problems are
straightforward.


title: Using Simulated Annealing to Factor Numbers

abstract:
  Almost all public secure communication relies on the inability to factor
large numbers. There is no known analytic or classical numeric method to
rapidly factor large numbers. Shor[1] has shown that a quantum computer can
factor numbers in polynomial time but there is no practical quantum computer
that can yet do such computations. We show that a simulated annealing[2]
approach can be adapted to find factors of large numbers.


title: Transient Alert Follow-up Planned for CCAT

abstract:
  CCAT is a sub-millimeter telescope to be built on Cerro Chajnantor in Chile
near the ALMA site. The remote location means that all observing will be done
by remote observers with the future goal of fully autonomous observing using a
dynamic scheduler. The fully autonomous observing mode provides a natural means
for accepting transient alert notifications for immediate follow up.


title:
On $Z \to \gamma \gamma$ decay and cancellation of axial anomaly in $Z
  \to \gamma \gamma$ transition amplitude for massive fermions

abstract:
  $Z \to \gamma \gamma$ decay amplitude is considered and proven to be zero due
to properties of polarization vectors and Bose statistics. Triangular diagrams
for a pseudoscalar $\to \gamma \gamma$ and $Z \to \gamma \gamma$ processes with
massive fermions in the loop are explicitely calculated. In the Standard Model
axial anomaly vanishes in the sum of these diagrams as Z boson is mixed with
one of the Goldstone bosons.


title:
Probe of Three-Dimensional Chiral Topological Insulators in an Optical
  Lattice

abstract:
  We propose a feasible experimental scheme to realize a three-dimensional
chiral topological insulator with cold fermionic atoms in an optical lattice,
which is characterized by an integer topological invariant distinct from the
conventional $Z_2$ topological insulators and has a remarkable macroscopic
zero-energy flat band. To probe its property, we show that its characteristic
surface states---the Dirac cones---can be probed through time-of-flight imaging
or Bragg spectroscopy and the flat band can be detected via measurement of the
atomic density profile in a weak global trap. The realization of this novel
topological phase with a flat band in an optical lattice will provide a unique
experimental platform to study the interplay between interaction and topology
and open new avenues for application of topological states.

categories: cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.quant-gas quant-ph


title: Thermodynamic Properties of the van der Waals Fluid

abstract:
  The van der Waals (vdW) theory of fluids is the first and simplest theory
that takes into account interactions between the particles of a system that
result in a phase transition versus temperature. Combined with Maxwell's
construction, this mean-field theory predicts the conditions for equilibrium
coexistence between the gas and liquid phases and the first-order transition
between them. However, important properties of the vdW fluid have not been
systematically investigated. Here we report a comprehensive study of these
properties. Ambiguities about the physical interpretation of the Boyle
temperature and the influence of the vdW molecular interactions on the pressure
of the vdW gas are resolved. Thermodynamic variables and properties are
formulated in reduced units that allow all properties to be expressed as laws
of corresponding states that apply to all vdW fluids. Lekner's parametric
solution for the vdW gas-liquid coexistence curve in the pressure-temperature
plane and related thermodynamic properties [Am. J. Phys. 50, 161 (1982)] is
explained and significantly extended. Hysteresis in the first-order transition
temperature on heating and cooling is examined and the maximum degrees of
superheating and supercooling determined. The latent heat of vaporization and
the entropy change on crossing the coexistence curve are investigated. The
temperature dependences of the isothermal compressibility, thermal expansion
coefficient and heat capacity at constant pressure for a range of pressures
above, at and below the critical pressure are systematically studied from
numerical calculations including their critical behaviors and their
discontinuities on crossing the coexistence curve. Joule-Thomson expansion of
the vdW gas is investigated in detail and the pressure and temperature
conditions for liquifying a vdW gas on passing through the throttle are
determined.


title: C*-bundle dynamical systems

abstract:
  C*-bundle dynamical systems are introduced and their r\^ole within the theory
of C*-subalgebras and Fell bundles is investigated. A C*-bundle dynamical
system involves an action of a 1-parameter group of "spatial automorphisms" of
the C*-bundle together with a notion of covariance with respect to the
diffeomorphisms of the base manifold, and turns out to define a class of
examples of Arveson's $A$-dynamical systems. An embedding invariant for
non-commutative C*-subalgebras (equivalent to a groupoid 2-cocycle by
construction) emerges and has presentation analogous to a partition function
towards a potential algebraic formulation of quantum gravity.


title: Laser time-transfer and space-time reference in orbit

abstract:
  A high performance Space-Time Reference in orbit could be realized using a
stable atomic clock in a precisely defined orbit and linking that to high
accuracy atomic clocks on the ground using a laser based time-transfer link.
This would enhance performance of existing systems and provide unique
capabilities in navigation, precise timing, earth sciences, geodesy and the
same approach could provide a platform for testing fundamental physics in
space. Precise laser time- and frequency-transfer from the ground to an
orbiting satellite would make it possible to improve upon the current state of
the art in timing (about 1 to 30 ns achieved with GPS) by roughly a factor of
1000 to the 1 ps level.


title: On the Greatest Common Divisor of Shifted Sets

abstract:
  Given a set of $n$ positive integers $\{a_1, \ldots, a_n\}$ and an integer
parameter $H$ we study small additive shifts of its elements by integers $h_i$
with $|h_i| \le H$, $i =1, \ldots, n$, such that the greatest common divisor of
$a_1+h_1, \ldots, a_n+h_n$ is very different from that of $a_1, \ldots, a_n$.
We also consider a similar problem for the least common multiple.


title:
Concept for an Electron Ion Collider (EIC) detector built around the
  BaBar solenoid

abstract:
  The PHENIX collaboration presents here a concept for a detector at a future
Electron Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC detector proposed here, referred to as
ePHENIX, will have excellent performance for a broad range of exciting EIC
physics measurements, providing powerful investigations not currently available
that will dramatically advance our understanding of how quantum chromodynamics
binds the proton and forms nuclear matter.


title: Applying modular Galois representations to the Inverse Galois Problem

abstract:
  For many finite groups, the Inverse Galois Problem can be approached through
modular/automorphic Galois representations. This is a report explaining the
basic strategy, ideas and methods behind some recent results. It focusses
mostly on the 2-dimensional case and underlines in particular the importance of
understanding coefficient fields.


title:
Formulation, existence, and computation of boundedly rational dynamic
  user equilibrium with fixed or endogenous user tolerance

abstract:
  This paper analyzes simultaneous route-and-departure-time (SRDT) dynamic user
equilibrium (DUE) that incorporates the notion of boundedly rational (BR) user
behavior in the selection of departure time and route choices. Intrinsically,
the boundedly rational dynamic user equilibrium (BR-DUE) model we present
assumes that travelers do not always seek the least costly
route-and-departure-time choice. Rather, their perception of travel cost is
affected by an indifference band describing travelers' tolerance of the
difference between their experienced travel costs and the minimum travel cost.
An extension of the BR-DUE problem is the so-called variable tolerance dynamic
user equilibrium (VT-BR-DUE) wherein endogenously determined tolerances may
depend not only on paths, but also on the established path departure rates.
This paper presents a unified approach for modeling both BR-DUE and VT-BR-DUE,
which makes significant contributions to model formulation, analysis of
existence, solution characterization, and heuristic numerical computation of
such problems. The VT-BR-DUE problem, together with the BR-DUE problem as a
special case, is formulated as a variational inequality. We provide a very
general existence result for VT-BR-DUE and BR-DUE that relies on assumptions
weaker than those required for mere DUE models. Moreover, a characterization of
the solution set is provided based on rigorous topological analysis. Finally,
three computational algorithms are proposed based on the VI and DVI
formulations. Numerical studies are conducted to assess the proposed algorithms
in terms of solution quality, convergence, and computational efficiency.


title: Tunable Thermal Conduction in Graphane Nanoribbons

abstract:
  Graphane and graphene are both two-dimensional materials but of different
bonding configurations, which can result in distinct thermal conduction
properties. We simulate thermal conduction in graphane nanoribbons (GANRs)
using the nonequilibrium Green's function method. It is found that GANRs have
lower ballistic thermal conductance and stronger thermal conductance anisotropy
than the graphene counterparts. Furthermore, hydrogen vacancies of GANRs
considerably suppress thermal conduction, accompanied by enhanced thermal
conductance anisotropy. The tunable thermal conduction, realized by controlling
the width, edge shape and hydrogen vacancy concentration of GANRs, could be
useful for thermal management and thermoelectric applications.


title: A Statistical Modelling Approach to Detecting Community in Networks

abstract:
  There has been considerable recent interest in algorithms for finding
communities in networks - groups of vertex within which connections are dense
(frequent), but between which connections are sparser (rare). Most of the
current literature advocates an heuristic approach to the removal of the edges
(i.e., removing the links that are less significant using a well-designed
function). In this article, we will investigate a technique for uncovering
latent communities using a new modelling approach, based on how information
spread within a network. It will prove to be easy to use, robust and scalable.
It makes supplementary information related to the network/community structure
(different communications, consecutive observations) easier to integrate. We
will demonstrate the efficiency of our approach by providing some illustrating
real-world applications, like the famous Zachary karate club, or the Amazon
political books buyers network.


title:
A Complete Atlas of HI Absorption toward HII Regions in the Southern
  Galactic Plane Survey (SGPS1)

abstract:
  We present a complete catalog of H I emission and absorption spectrum pairs,
toward H II regions, detectable within the boundaries of the Southern Galactic
Plane Survey (SGPS I), a total of 252 regions. The catalog is presented in
graphical, numerical and summary formats. We demonstrate an application of this
new dataset through an investigation of the locus of the Near 3kpc Arm.


title: Design for minimum energy in starship and interstellar communication

abstract:
  Microwave digital communication at interstellar distances applies to starship
and extraterrestrial civilization (SETI and METI) communication. Large
distances demand large transmitted power and/or large antennas, while the
propagation is transparent over a wide bandwidth. Recognizing a fundamental
tradeoff, reduced energy delivered to the receiver at the expense of wide
bandwidth (the opposite of terrestrial objectives) is advantageous. Wide
bandwidth also results in simpler design and implementation, allowing
circumvention of dispersion and scattering arising in the interstellar medium
and motion effects and obviating any related processing. The minimum energy
delivered to the receiver per bit of information is determined by cosmic
microwave background alone. By mapping a single bit onto a carrier burst, the
Morse code invented for the telegraph in 1836 comes closer to this minimum
energy than approaches used in modern terrestrial radio. Rather than the
terrestrial approach of adding phases and amplitudes to increases information
capacity while minimizing bandwidth, adding multiple time-frequency locations
for carrier bursts increases capacity while minimizing energy per information
bit. The resulting location code is extremely simple and yet can approach the
minimum energy as bandwidth is expanded. It is consistent with easy discovery,
since carrier bursts are energetic and straightforward modifications to
post-detection pattern recognition can identify burst patterns. The
interstellar coherence hole captures the time and frequency coherence
constraints, and observations of the environment by transmitter and receiver
constrain the burst parameters and limit the search scope.


title:
TouchIn: Sightless Two-factor Authentication on Multi-touch Mobile
  Devices

abstract:
  Mobile authentication is indispensable for preventing unauthorized access to
multi-touch mobile devices. Existing mobile authentication techniques are often
cumbersome to use and also vulnerable to shoulder-surfing and smudge attacks.
This paper focuses on designing, implementing, and evaluating TouchIn, a
two-factor authentication system on multi-touch mobile devices. TouchIn works
by letting a user draw on the touchscreen with one or multiple fingers to
unlock his mobile device, and the user is authenticated based on the geometric
properties of his drawn curves as well as his behavioral and physiological
characteristics. TouchIn allows the user to draw on arbitrary regions on the
touchscreen without looking at it. This nice sightless feature makes TouchIn
very easy to use and also robust to shoulder-surfing and smudge attacks.
Comprehensive experiments on Android devices confirm the high security and
usability of TouchIn.


title:
Entanglement, scaling, and the meaning of the wave function in
  protective measurement

abstract:
  We examine the entanglement and state disturbance arising in a protective
measurement and argue that these inescapable effects doom the claim that
protective measurement establishes the reality of the wave function. An
additional challenge to this claim results from the exponential number of
protective measurements required to reconstruct multi-qubit states. We suggest
that the failure of protective measurement to settle the question of the
meaning of the wave function is entirely expected, for protective measurement
is but an application of the standard quantum formalism, and none of the hard
foundational questions can ever be settled in this way.


title: Fusion using time-dependent density-constrained DFT

abstract:
  We present results for calculating fusion cross-sections using a new
microscopic approach based on a time-dependent density-constrained DFT
calculations. The theory is implemented by using densities and other
information obtained from TDDFT time-evolution of the nuclear system as
constraint on the density for DFT calculations.


title: Planar Shielded-Loop Resonators

abstract:
  The design and analysis of planar shielded-loop resonators for use in
wireless non-radiative power transfer systems is presented. The difficulties
associated with coaxial shielded-loop resonators for wireless power transfer
are discussed and planar alternatives are proposed. The currents along these
planar structures are analyzed and first-order design equations are presented
in the form of a circuit model. In addition, the planar structures are
simulated and fabricated. Planar shielded-loop resonators are compact and
simple to fabricate. Moreover, they are well-suited for printed circuit board
designs or integrated circuits


title: A note on center of mass

abstract:
  We will discuss existence of center of mass on asymptotically Schwarzschild
manifold defined by Huisken-Yau and Corvino-Schoen. Conditions of existence and
examples on non existence are given.


title:
Highest weight vectors of mixed tensor products of general linear Lie
  superalgebras

abstract:
  In this paper, a notion of cyclotomic (or level $k$) walled Brauer algebras
$\mathscr B_{k, r, t}$ is introduced for arbitrary positive integer $k$. It is
proven that $\mathscr B_{k, r, t}$ is free over a commutative ring with rank
$k^{r+t}(r+t)!$ if and only if it is admissible. Using super Schur-Weyl duality
between general linear Lie superalgebras $\mathfrak{gl}_{m|n}$ and $\mathscr
B_{2, r, t}$, we give a classification of highest weight vectors of
$\mathfrak{gl}_{m|n}$-modules $M_{pq}^{rt}$, the tensor products of Kac-modules
with mixed tensor products of the natural module and its dual. This enables us
to establish an explicit relationship between $\mathfrak{gl}_{m|n}$-Kac-modules
and right cell (or standard) $\mathscr B_{2, r, t}$-modules over $\mathbb C$.
Further, we find an explicit relationship between indecomposable tilting
$\mathfrak{gl}_{m|n}$-modules appearing in $M_{pq}^{rt}$, and principal
indecomposable right $\mathscr B_{2, r, t}$-modules via the notion of Kleshchev
bipartitions. As an application, decomposition numbers of $\mathscr B_{2, r,
t}$ arising from super Schur-Weyl duality are determined.


title:
Monte Carlo validation of optimal material discrimination using spectral
  x-ray imaging

abstract:
  The validation of a previous work on the optimization of material
discrimination in spectral x-ray imaging is reported. Using Monte Carlo
simulations based on the BEAMnrc package, material decomposition was performed
on the projection images of phantoms containing up to three materials. The
simulated projection data was first decomposed into material basis images by
minimizing the z-score between expected and simulated counts. Statistical
analysis was performed for the pixels within the region-of-interest consisting
of contrast material(s) in the BEAMnrc simulations. With the consideration of
scattered radiation and a realistic scanning geometry, the theoretical optima
of energy bin borders provided by the algorithm were shown to have an accuracy
of $\pm$2 keV for the decomposition of 2 and 3 materials. Finally, the
signal-to-noise ratio predicted by the theoretical model was also validated.
The counts per pixel needed for achieving a specific imaging aim can therefore
be estimated using the validated model.


title:
Performance of the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory Dual-Color 180-720
  GHz Balanced SIS Receivers

abstract:
  We report on balanced SIS receivers covering the astronomical important
180-720 GHz submillimeter atmospheric window. To facilitate remote observations
and automated spectral line surveys, fully synthesized local oscillators are
employed. High-current-density Nb-AlN-Nb
superconducting-insulating-superconducting (SIS) tunnel junctions are used as
the mixing element. The measured double-sideband (DSB) 230 GHz receiver noise
temperature, uncorrected for optics loss, ranges from 50K at 185 GHz, 33K at
246 GHz, to 51K at 280 GHz. In this frequency range the mixer has a DSB
conversion gain of 0 +- 1.5 dB. The measured 460 GHz double-sideband receiver
noise temperature, uncorrected for optics loss, is 32K at 400 GHz, 34K at 460
GHz, and 61K at 520 GHz. Similar to the 230 GHz balanced mixer, the DSB mixer
conversion gain is 1 +- 1 dB. To help optimize performance, the mixer IF
circuits and bias injection are entirely planar by design. Dual-frequency
observation, by means of separating the incoming circular polarized electric
field into two orthogonal components, is another important mode of operation
offered by the new facility instrumentation. Instrumental stability is
excellent supporting the LO noise cancellation properties of the balanced mixer
configuration. In the spring of 2012 the dual-frequency 230/460 SIS receiver
was successfully installed at Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO), Mauna
Kea, HI.


title:
Controlling the electronic structure of graphene using surface-adsorbate
  interactions

abstract:
  We show that strong coupling between graphene and the substrate is mitigated
when 0.8 monolayer of Na is adsorbed and consolidated on top
graphene-on-Ni(111). Specifically, the {\pi} state is partially restored near
the K-point and the energy gap between the {\pi} and {\pi}* states reduced to
1.3 eV after adsorption, as measured by angle-resolved photoemission
spectroscopy. We show that this change is not caused by intercalation of Na to
underneath graphene but it is caused by an electronic coupling between Na on
top and graphene. We show further that graphene can be decoupled to a much
higher extent when Na is intercalated to underneath graphene. After
intercalation, the energy gap between the {\pi} and {\pi}* states is reduced to
0 eV and these states are identical as in freestanding and n-doped graphene. We
conclude thus that two mechanisms of decoupling exist: a strong decoupling
through intercalation, which is the same as one found using noble metals, and a
weak decoupling caused by electronic interaction with the adsorbate on top.


title: Comment on "Epidemiological modeling of online social network dynamics"

abstract:
  In this comment we give a simple analytic approximate solution to the
infectious recovery SIR (irSIR) model given by J. Cannarella and J. A. Spechler
arXiv:1401.4208, which is a variant of the traditional SIR model.


title:
Electrostatics-based finite-size correction for first-principles point
  defect calculations

abstract:
  Finite-size corrections for charged defect supercell calculations typically
consist of image-charge and potential alignment corrections. A wide variety of
schemes for both corrections have been proposed for decades. Regarding the
image-charge correction, Freysoldt, Neugebauer, and Van de Walle (FNV) recently
proposed a novel method that enables us to accurately estimate the correction
energy a posteriori through alignment of the defect-induced potential to the
model charge potential [Freysoldt et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 016402 (2009)].
This method, however, still has two issues in practice. Firstly, it uses
planar-averaged potential for determining the potential offset, which cannot be
readily applied to relaxed system. Secondly, the long-range Coulomb interaction
is assumed to be screened by a macroscopic dielectric constant. This is valid
only for cubic systems and can bring forth huge errors for defects in
anisotropic materials. In this study, we use the atomic site electrostatic
potential as a potential marker instead of the planar-averaged potential, and
extend the FNV scheme by adopting the point charge model in an anisotropic
medium for estimating long-range interactions. We also revisit the conventional
potential alignment correction and show that it is fully included in the
image-charge correction and therefore unnecessary. In addition, we show that
the potential alignment corresponds to a part of first-order and full of
third-order image-charge correction; thus the third-order image-charge
contribution is absent after the potential alignment. Finally, a systematic
assessment of the accuracy of the extended FNV correction scheme is performed
for a wide range of material classes. The defect formation energies calculated
using around 100-atom supercells are successfully corrected even after atomic
relaxation within a few tenths of eV compared to those in the dilute limit.


title:
Constraining ${\cal N}=1$ supergravity inflationary framework with
  non-minimal K\"ahler operators

abstract:
  In this paper we will illustrate how to constrain unavoidable K\"ahler
corrections for ${\cal N}=1$ supergravity (SUGRA) inflation from the recent
Planck data. We will show that the non-renormalizable K\"ahler operators will
induce in general non-minimal kinetic term for the inflaton field, and two
types of SUGRA corrections in the potential - the Hubble-induced mass
($c_{H}$), and the Hubble-induced A-term ($a_{H}$) correction. The entire SUGRA
inflationary framework can now be constrained from (i) the speed of sound,
$c_s$, and (ii) from the upper bound on the tensor to scalar ratio,
$r_{\star}$. We will illustrate this by considering a heavy scalar degree of
freedom at a scale, $M_s$, and a light inflationary field which is responsible
for a slow-roll inflation. We will compute the corrections to the kinetic term
and the potential for the light field explicitly. As an example, we will
consider a visible sector inflationary model of inflation where inflation
occurs at the point of inflection, which can match the density perturbations
for the cosmic microwave background radiation, and also explain why the
universe is filled with the Standard Model degrees of freedom. We will scan the
parameter space of the non-renormalizable K\"ahler operators, which we find
them to be order ${\cal O}(1)$, consistent with physical arguments. While the
scale of heavy physics is found to be bounded by the tensor-to scalar ratio,
and the speed of sound, $ {\cal O}(10^{11}\leq M_s\leq 10^{16}) $GeV, for
$0.02\leq c_s\leq 1$ and $10^{-22}\leq r_\star \leq 0.12$.


title:
Capitulation des 2-classes d'id\'eaux de
  $\mathbf{k}=\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{2p}, i)$

abstract:
  Let $p$ be a prime number such that $p\equiv 1$ mod $8$ and $i=\sqrt{-1}$.
Let $\mathbf{k}=\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{2p}, i)$, $\mathbf{k}_1^{(2)}$ be the Hilbert
$2$-class field of $\mathbf{k}$, $\mathbf{k}_2^{(2)}$ be the Hilbert $2$-class
field of $\mathbf{k}_1^{(2)}$ and
$G=\mathrm{Gal}(\mathbf{k}_2^{(2)}/\mathbf{k})$ be the Galois group of
$\mathbf{k}_2^{(2)}/\mathbf{k}$. Suppose that the $2$-part, $C_{\mathbf{k},
2}$, of the class group of $\mathbf{k}$ is of type $(2, 4)$; then
$\mathbf{k}_1^{(2)}$ contains six extensions $\mathbf{K_{i, j}}/\mathbf{k}$,
$i=1, 2, 3$ and $j=2, 4$. Our goal is to study the problem of the capitulation
of $2$-ideal classes of $\mathbf{K_{i, j}}$ and to determine the structure of
$G$.


title:
Theoretical investigation on the Schelling's critical neighborhood
  demand

abstract:
  We derived the critical neighborhood demand in the Schelling's segregation
model by studying the conditions for which a chain reaction of migrations of
unsatisfied agents occurs. The essence of Schelling dynamics was approximated
in two simplified models: (1) a random walk model for the initial stage of the
migrations to illustrate the power-law behavior of chain reaction lengths under
critical conditions, and (2) a two-room model for the whole process to
represent a non-spatial version of segregation dynamics in the Schelling model.
Our theoretical results showed good agreements with numerical results obtained
from agent-based simulations.


title: Asymptotic lattice path enumeration using diagonals

abstract:
  This work presents new asymptotic formulas for family of walks in Weyl
chambers. The models studied here are defined by step sets which exhibit many
symmetries and are restricted to the first orthant. The resulting formulas are
very straightforward: the exponential growth of each model is given by the
number of steps, while the sub-exponential growth depends only on the dimension
of the underlying lattice and the number of steps moving forward in each
coordinate. These expressions are derived by analyzing the singular variety of
a multivariate rational function whose diagonal counts the lattice paths in
question. Additionally, we show how to compute subdominant growth for these
models, and how to determine first order asymptotics for excursions.


title:
Constant Mean Curvature Surfaces in $\mathbb{M}^2(c)\times\mathbb{R}$
  and Finite Total Curvature

abstract:
  We consider surfaces with parallel mean curvature vector field and finite
total curvature in product spaces of type $\mathbb{M}^n(c)\times\mathbb{R}$,
where $\mathbb{M}^n(c)$ is a space form, and characterize certain of these
surfaces. When $n=2$, our results are similar to those obtained in \cite{bds}
for surfaces with constant mean curvature in space forms.


title:
Three-photon excitation of quantum dots with a telecom band ultrafast
  fiber laser

abstract:
  We demonstrate three-photon excitation in quantum dots with a mode-locked
fiber laser operating in the telecommunications band. We compare spectra and
intensity dependence of fluorescence from one- and three-photon excitation of
commercially available 640 nm quantum dots, using a 372 nm diode laser for
one-photon excitation and 116 fs pulses from a mode-locked fiber laser with a
center wavelength of 1575 nm for three-photon excitation.


title:
Nuclear quantum effects in liquid water from path-integral simulations
  using an ab initio force matching approach

abstract:
  We have applied path integral simulations, in combination with new ab initio
based water potentials, to investigate nuclear quantum effects in liquid water.
Because direct ab initio path integral simulations are computationally
expensive, a flexible water model is parameterized by force-matching to density
functional theory-based molecular dynamics simulations. The resulting effective
potentials provide an inexpensive replacement for direct ab inito molecular
dynamics simulations and allow efficient simulation of nuclear quantum effects.
Static and dynamic properties of liquid water at ambient conditions are
presented and the role of nuclear quantum effects, exchange-correlation
functionals and dispersion corrections are discussed in regards to reproducing
the experimental properties of liquid water.

categories: physics.chem-ph cond-mat.soft cond-mat.stat-mech physics.comp-ph


title: Particle-hole asymmetry on Hall conductivity of a topological insulator

abstract:
  The helical Dirac states on the surface of a topological insulator are
protected by topology and display significant particle-hole asymmetry. This
asymmetry arises from a subdominant Schr\"{o}dinger type contribution to the
Hamiltonian which provides a small perturbation to a dominant Dirac
contribution. This changes the Landau levels energies in an external magnetic
field ($B$) and provides modifications to the usual relativistic optical matrix
elements. Nevertheless we find that the relativistic quantization of the Hall
plateaux remains even when the ratio of the Schr\"{o}dinger ($E_0$) to Dirac
($E_1$) magnetic energy scale increases either through an increase in $B$, a
decrease in the Schr\"{o}dinger mass or of the Dirac fermi velocity. First
corrections to the optical matrix elements(OME) in the relativistic case drop
out at least to order $(E_0/E_1)^3$. In the opposite limit $E_1$ small, the
quantization remains classical but there is a split into two series. The first
corrections to the OME in this case, cancel out at least to order
$(E_1/E_0)^4$.


title: Comment on "Fluctuation theorem for hidden entropy production"

abstract:
  Recently, Kawaguchi and Nakayama (KN) [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 88}, 022147 (2013)]
showed that the hidden entropy production associated with a coarse-graining
procedure obeys the integral fluctuation theorem (IFT) if the original process
does not involve any odd-parity variable that changes its sign under time
reversal. This was interpreted as the evidence that odd-parity variables play
an important role in the derivation of irreversible stochastic dynamics from
time-reversible deterministic dynamics. In this Comment, we show that KN's
approach is inadequate for describing the origin of irreversible stochastic
dynamics, which calls into question whether odd-parity variables are required
for the emergence of macroscopic irreversibility.


title: The Flavor Structure of the Nucleon Sea

abstract:
  We discuss two topics related to the flavor structure of the nucleon sea. The
first is on the identification of light-quark intrinsic sea from the comparison
between recent data and the intrinsic sea model by Brodsky et al. Good
agreement between the theory and data allows a separation of the intrinsic from
the extrinsic sea components. The magnitudes of the up, down, and strange
intrinsic seas have been extracted. We then discuss the flavor structure and
the Bjorken-x dependence of the connected sea (CS) and disconnected sea (DS).
We show that recent data together with input from lattice QCD allow a
separation of the CS from the DS components of the light quark sea.


title: Mass Loss: Its Effect on the Evolution and Fate of High-Mass Stars

abstract:
  Our understanding of massive star evolution is in flux, due to recent
upheavals in our view of mass loss, and observations of a high binary fraction
among O-type stars. Mass-loss rates for standard metallicity-dependent winds of
hot stars are now thought to be lower by a factor of 2-3 compared to rates
adopted in modern stellar evolution models, due to the influence of clumping.
Weaker line-driven winds shift the burden of H-envelope removal elsewhere, so
that the dominant modes of mass loss are the winds, pulsations, and eruptions
of evolved supergiants, as well as binary mass transfer. Studies of
stripped-envelope supernovae, in particular, require binary mass transfer.
Dramatic examples of eruptive mass loss are seen in Type IIn supernovae, which
have massive shells ejected just a few years before core collapse. The shifting
emphasis from steady winds to episodic mass loss is a major change for
low-metallicity regions, since eruptions and binary mass transfer are less
sensitive to metallicity. We encounter the predicament that the most important
modes of mass loss are also the most uncertain, undermining the predictive
power of single-star evolution models beyond core H burning. Moreover, the
influence of winds and rotation in models has been evaluated by testing
single-star models against observed statistics that, as it turns out, are
heavily influenced by binary evolution. This alters our view about the most
basic outcomes of massive-star mass loss --- are WR stars and SNe Ibc the
products of single-star winds, or are they mostly the result of binary
evolution and eruptive mass loss? This paradigm shift has far-reaching impact
on a number of other areas of astronomy. (abridged)


title:
Impact of resonance regeneration and decay on the net-proton
  fluctuations in a hadron resonance gas

abstract:
  We investigate net-proton fluctuations as important observables measured in
heavy-ion collisions within the hadron resonance gas (HRG) model. Special
emphasis is given to effects which are a priori not inherent in a thermally and
chemically equilibrated HRG approach. In particular, we point out the
importance of taking into account the successive regeneration and decay of
resonances below the chemical freeze-out, which lead to a randomization of the
isospin of nucleons and thus to additional fluctuations in the net-proton
number. We find good agreement between our model results and the recent STAR
measurements of the higher-order moments of the net-proton distribution.


title:
A spin light emitting diode incorporating ability of electrical helicity
  switching

abstract:
  Fabrication and optical characteristics of a spin light-emitting-diode
(spin-LED) having dual spin-injection electrodes with anti-parallel
magnetization configuration are reported. Alternating a current between the two
electrodes using a PC-driven current source has led us to the observation of
helicity switching of circular polarization at the frequency of 1 kHz. Neither
external magnetic fields nor optical delay modulators were used. Sending
dc-currents to both electrodes with appropriate ratio has resulted in
continuous variation of circular polarization between the two opposite
helicity, including the null polarization. These results suggest that the
tested spin-LED has the feasibility of a monolithic light source whose circular
polarization can be switched or continuously tuned all electrically.


title: Channel matrix, measurement matrix and collapsed matrix in teleportation

abstract:
  In this paper, two kinds of coefficient matrixes (channel matrix, measurement
matrix)associated with the pure state for teleportation are presented, the
general relation among channel matrix, measurement matrix and collapsed matrix
is obtained. In addition, a criterion for teleportation that the number of
coefficient of an unknown state is determined by the rank of the collapsed
matrix is given.


title:
Design Evaluation of Some Nigerian University Portals: A Programmer's
  Point of View

abstract:
  Today, Nigerian Universities feel pressured to get a portal up and running
dynamic, individualized web systems have become essential for institutions of
higher learning. As a result, most of the Nigerian University portals nowadays
do not meet up to standard. In this paper, ten Nigerian University portals were
selected and their design evaluated in accordance with the international best
practices. The result was revealing.


title: An Improved AIS Based E-mail Classification Technique for Spam Detection

abstract:
  An improved email classification method based on Artificial Immune System is
proposed in this paper to develop an immune based system by using the immune
learning, immune memory in solving complex problems in spam detection. An
optimized technique for e-mail classification is accomplished by distinguishing
the characteristics of spam and non-spam that is been acquired from trained
data set. These extracted features of spam and non-spam are then combined to
make a single detector, therefore reducing the false rate. (Non-spam that were
wrongly classified as spam). Effectiveness of our technique in decreasing the
false rate shall be demonstrated by the result that will be acquired.


title: Destination Information Management System for Tourist

abstract:
  The use of information and communication technology in our day to day
activities is now unavoidable. In tourism developments, destination information
and management systems are used to guide visitors and provide information to
both visitors and management of the tour sites. In this paper, information and
navigation system was designed for tourists, taking some Niger state of Nigeria
tourism destinations into account. The information management system was
designed using Java Applet (NetBeans IDE 6.1), Hypertext MarkUp Language
(HTML), Personal Home Page (PHP), Java script and MySQL as the back-end
integration database. Two different MySQL servers were used, the MySQL query
browser and the WAMP5 server to compare the effectiveness of the system
developed.


title:
Deterministic and probabilistic entanglement swapping of nonmaximally
  entangled states assisted by optimal quantum state discrimination

abstract:
  We analyze entanglement swapping (ES) of partially entangled pure states with
arbitrary Schmidt rank from the perspective of quantum state discrimination. It
is shown that the standard deterministic ES protocol is related with an optimal
minimum-error strategy. In this case the amount of entanglement of the states
resulting from swapping is, in general, lower than the maximum achievable for
the quantum channels involved. In this regard, we show that the ES protocol can
be probabilistically improved resorting to optimal maximum-confidence (MC)
discrimination strategy. Additionally, we show that the success probability of
achieving entanglement above a prescribed value from standard deterministic ES
can be increased by applying sequential MC measurements.


title:
A Survey on Delay-Aware Network Structure for Wireless Sensor Networks
  with Consecutive Data Collection Processes

abstract:
  A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed autonomous
sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature,
sound, pressure,etc. In sensing applications, data packets are flowing from
sensor nodes to base station. In data collection processes, bottom up approach
is used. In bottom up approach, all nodes send their sensed data packets to
base station directly. In this approach will lead to increased delay, which
will lead to higher energy consumption. To reduce the energy consumption of
sensor nodes,Clustering Algorithm and Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy
(LEACH) are being used. Efficient gathering in Wireless Sensor information
systems, Power Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information System (PEGASIS) is
being used. There are lot of research issues in Wireless Sensor Networks such
as delay, lifetime of network, energy dissipation which needs to be resolved.


title:
A Survey on Mobile Data Gathering in Wireless Sensor Networks - Bounded
  Relay

abstract:
  Most of the wireless sensor networks consist of static sensors, which can be
deployed in a wide environment for monitoring applications. While transmitting
the data from source to static sink, the amount of energy consumption of the
sensor node is high. It results in reduced lifetime of the network.Some of the
WSN architectures have been proposed based on Mobile Elements. There is large
number of approaches to resolve the above problem. It is found those two
approaches, namely Single Hop Data Gathering problem (SHDGP) and mobile Data
Gathering, which is used to increase the lifetime of the network. Single Hop
Data Gathering Problem is used to achieve the uniform energy consumption. The
mobile Data Gathering algorithm is used to find the minimal set of points in
the sensor network, which serves as data gathering points for mobile network.
Even after so many decades of research, there are some unresolved problems like
non uniform energy consumption, increased latency, which needs to be resolved.


title:
Flux qubit noise spectroscopy using Rabi oscillations under strong
  driving conditions

abstract:
  We infer the high-frequency flux noise spectrum in a superconducting flux
qubit by studying the decay of Rabi oscillations under strong driving
conditions. The large anharmonicity of the qubit and its strong inductive
coupling to a microwave line enabled high-amplitude driving without causing
significant additional decoherence. Rabi frequencies up to 1.7 GHz were
achieved, approaching the qubit's level splitting of 4.8 GHz, a regime where
the rotating-wave approximation breaks down as a model for the driven dynamics.
The spectral density of flux noise observed in the wide frequency range
decreases with increasing frequency up to 300 MHz, where the spectral density
is not very far from the extrapolation of the 1/f spectrum obtained from the
free-induction-decay measurements. We discuss a possible origin of the flux
noise due to surface electron spins.