title:
Properties of the Remnant Clockwise Disk of Young Stars in the Galactic
  Center

abstract:
  We present new kinematic measurements and modeling of a sample of 116 young
stars in the central parsec of the Galaxy in order to investigate the
properties of the young stellar disk. The measurements were derived from a
combination of speckle and laser guide star adaptive optics imaging and
integral field spectroscopy from the Keck telescopes. Compared to earlier disk
studies, the most important kinematic measurement improvement is in the
precision of the accelerations in the plane of the sky, which have a factor of
six smaller uncertainties (~10 uas/yr/yr). We have also added the first radial
velocity measurements for 8 young stars, increasing the sample at the largest
radii (6"-12") by 25%. We derive the ensemble properties of the observed stars
using Monte-Carlo simulations of mock data. There is one highly significant
kinematic feature (~20 sigma), corresponding to the well-known clockwise disk,
and no significant feature is detected at the location of the previously
claimed counterclockwise disk. The true disk fraction is estimated to be ~20%,
a factor of ~2.5 lower than previous claims, suggesting that we may be
observing the remnant of what used to be a more densely populated stellar disk.
The similarity in the kinematic properties of the B stars and the O/WR stars
suggests a common star formation event. The intrinsic eccentricity distribution
of the disk stars is unimodal, with an average value of <e> = 0.27 +/- 0.07,
which we show can be achieved through dynamical relaxation in an initially
circular disk with a moderately top-heavy mass function.


title:
Distilling topological entropy from single entanglement measures on
  projected systems

abstract:
  Entanglement measures find frequent application in the study of topologically
ordered systems, where the presence of topological order is reflected in an
additional contribution to the entanglement of the system. Obtaining this
topological entropy from analytical calculations or numerical simulations is
generally difficult due to the fact that it is an order one correction to
leading terms that scale with the size of the system. In order to distil the
topological entropy, one resorts to extrapolation as a function of system size,
or to clever subtraction schemes that allow to cancel out the leading terms.
Both approaches have the disadvantage of requiring multiple (accurate)
calculations of the entanglement of the system. Here we propose a modification
of conventional entanglement calculations that allows to obtain the topological
entropy of a system from a single measurement of entanglement. In our approach,
we replace the conventional trace over the degrees of freedom of a partition of
the system with a projection onto a given state (which needs not be known). We
show that a proper choice of partition and projective measurement allows to rid
the entanglement measures of the typical boundary terms, thus exposing the
topological contribution alone. We consider specifically the measures known as
von Neumann entropy and entanglement negativity, and we discuss their
application to both models that exhibit quantum as well as classical
topological order.


title: Dixmier Groups and Borel Subgroups

abstract:
  Let G be the group of symplectic (unimodular) automorphisms of the free
associative algebra on two generators. A theorem of G.Wilson and the first
author asserts that G acts transitively the Calogero-Moser spaces C_n for all
n. We generalize this theorem in two ways: first, we prove that the action of G
on C_n is doubly transitive, meaning that G acts transitively on the
configuration space of (ordered) pairs of points in C_n; second, we prove that
the diagonal action of G on the product of (any number of) copies of C_n is
transitive provided the corresponding n's are pairwise distinct. In the second
part of the paper, we study the isotropy subgroups G_n of G in C_n. We equip
each G_n with the structure of an ind-algebraic group and classify the Borel
subgroups of these ind-algebraic groups for all n. Our classification shows
that every Borel subgroup of G (= G_0) is conjugate to the subgroup B of
triangular (elementary) automorphisms; on the other hand, for n > 0, the
conjugacy classes of Borel subgroups of G_n are parametrized by certain orbits
of B in C_n. Our main result is that the conjugacy classes of non-abelian Borel
subgroups of G_n correspond precisely to the B-orbits of the C^*-fixed points
in C_n and thus, are in bijection with the partitions of n. We also prove an
infinite-dimensional analogue of the classical theorem of R.Steinberg,
characterizing the (non-abelian) Borel subgroups of G_n in purely
group-theoretic terms. Together with our classification this last theorem
implies that the G_n are pairwise non-isomorphic as abstract groups. Our study
of the groups G_n is motivated by the fact that these are the automorphism
groups of non-isomorphic simple algebras Morita equivalent to the Weyl algebra
A_1(C). From this perspective, our results generalize well-known theorems of
J.Dixmier and L.Makar-Limanov about the automorphism group of A_1(C).


title: On Neutrino Masses in the MSSM with BRpV

abstract:
  One loop corrections to the neutrino mass matrix within the MSSM with
Bilinear R Parity Violation are calculated, paying attention to the approach in
which an effective $3\times 3$ neutrino mass matrix is used. The full mass
matrix is block diagonalized, it is found that second and third order terms can
be numerically important, and this is analytically understood. Top-stop loops
do not contribute to the effective $3\times 3$ at first order, nevertheless
they contribute at third. An improved $3\times 3$ approach that include these
effects is proposed.


title:
Propagator with Positive Cosmological Constant in the 3D Euclidian
  Quantum Gravity Toy Model

abstract:
  We study the propagator on a single tetrahedron in a three dimensional toy
model of quantum gravity with positive cosmological constant. The cosmological
constant is included in the model via q-deformation of the spatial symmetry
algebra, that is, we use the Tuarev-Viro amplitude. The expected repulsive
effect of dark energy is recovered in numerical and analytic calculations of
the propagator at large scales comparable to the infrared cutoff. However, due
to the simplicity of the model we do not obtain the exact Newton limit of the
propagator. This is a first step toward the similar calculation in the full 3+1
dimensional theory with larger numbers of simplicies.


title: Demand Modeling, Forecasting, and Counterfactuals, Part I

abstract:
  There are relatively few systematic comparisons of the ex ante counterfactual
predictions from structural models to what occurs ex post. This paper uses a
large-scale policy change in Boston in 2014 to investigate the performance of
discrete choice models of demand compared to simpler alternatives. In 2013,
Boston Public Schools (BPS) proposed alternative zone configurations in their
school choice plan, each of which alters the set of schools participants are
allowed to rank. Pathak Shi (2013) estimated discrete choice models of demand
using families' historical choices and these demand models were used to
forecast the outcomes under alternative plans. BPS, the school committee, and
the public used these forecasts to compare alternatives and eventually adopt a
new plan for Spring 2014. This paper updates the forecasts using the most
recently available historical data on participants' submitted preferences and
also makes forecasts based on an alternative statistical model not based a
random utility foundation. We describe our analysis plan, the methodology, and
the target forecast outcomes. Our ex ante forecasts eliminate any scope for
post-analysis bias because they are made before new preferences are submitted.
Part II will use newly submitted preference data to evaluate these forecasts
and assess the strengths and limitations of discrete choice models of demand in
our context.


title: A Shannon Approach to Secure Multi-party Computations

abstract:
  In secure multi-party computations (SMC), parties wish to compute a function
on their private data without revealing more information about their data than
what the function reveals. In this paper, we investigate two Shannon-type
questions on this problem. We first consider the traditional one-shot model for
SMC which does not assume a probabilistic prior on the data. In this model,
private communication and randomness are the key enablers to secure computing,
and we investigate a notion of randomness cost and capacity. We then move to a
probabilistic model for the data, and propose a Shannon model for discrete
memoryless SMC. In this model, correlations among data are the key enablers for
secure computing, and we investigate a notion of dependency which permits the
secure computation of a function. While the models and questions are general,
this paper focuses on summation functions, and relies on polar code
constructions.


title: Measurement of velocity field in parametrically excited solitary waves

abstract:
  Parametrically excited solitary waves emerge as localized structures in
high-aspect-ratio free surfaces subject to vertical vibrations. Herein, we
provide the first experimental characterization of the hydrodynamics of these
waves using Particle Image Velocimetry. We show that the underlying velocity
field of parametrically excited solitary waves is mainly composed by an
oscillatory velocity field. Our results confirm the accuracy of Hamiltonian
models with added dissipation in describing this field. Remarkably, our
measurements also uncover the onset of a streaming velocity field which is
shown to be as important as other crucial nonlinear terms in the current
theory. The observed streaming pattern is particularly interesting due to the
presence of oscillatory meniscii.


title:
Secondary structure prediction of protein constructs using random
  incremental truncation and vacuum-ultraviolet CD spectroscopy

abstract:
  A novel uracil-DNA degrading protein factor (termed UDE) was identified in
Drosophila melanogaster with no significant structural and functional homology
to other uracil-DNA binding or processing factors. Determination of the 3D
structure of UDE will be a true breakthrough in description of the molecular
mechanism of action of UDE catalysis, as well as in general uracil-recognition
and nuclease action. The revolutionary ESPRIT technology was applied to the
novel protein UDE to overcome problems in identifying soluble expressing
constructs given the absence of precise information on domain content and
arrangement. Nine specimen from the created numerous truncated constructs of
UDE were choosen to dechiper structural and functional relationships. VUVCD
with neural network was performed to define the secondary structure content and
location of UDE and its truncated variants. The quantitative analysis
demonstrated exclusive {\alpha}-helical content for the full-length protein,
which is preserved in the truncated constructs. Partition of {\alpha}-helical
boundles comparison with the truncated protein segments denoted new domain
boundaries which differ from the conserved motifs determined by sequence-based
alignment of UDE homologues in pupating insects. Here we demonstrate that
combination of ESPRIT and VUVCD with NN provided significant structural
description of UDE and resulted useful truncated constructs for further
detailed functional studies.


title:
Improving sequencing by tunneling with multiplexing and
  cross-correlations

abstract:
  Sequencing by tunneling is a next-generation approach to read single-base
information using electronic tunneling transverse to the single-stranded DNA
(ssDNA) backbone while the latter is translocated through a narrow channel. The
original idea considered a single pair of electrodes to read out the current
and distinguish the bases [1, 2]. Here, we propose an improvement to the
original sequencing by tunneling method, in which $N$ pairs of electrodes are
built in series along a synthetic nanochannel. While the ssDNA is forced
through the channel using a longitudinal field it passes by each pair of
electrodes for long enough time to gather a minimum of $m$ tunneling current
measurements, where $m$ is determined by the level of sequencing error desired.
Each current time series for each nucleobase is then cross-correlated together,
from which the DNA bases can be distinguished. We show using random sampling of
data from classical molecular dynamics, that indeed the sequencing error is
significantly reduced as the number of pairs of electrodes, $N$, increases.
Compared to the sequencing ability of a single pair of electrodes,
cross-correlating $N$ pairs of electrodes is exponentially better due to the
approximate log-normal nature of the tunneling current probability
distributions. We have also used the Fenton-Wilkinson approximation to
analytically describe the mean and variance of the cross-correlations that are
used to distinguish the DNA bases. The method we suggest is particularly useful
when the measurement bandwidth is limited, allowing a smaller electrode gap
residence time while still promising to consistently identify the DNA bases
correctly.


title: Spatio-temporal entanglement of twin photons: an intuitive picture

abstract:
  We draw an intuitive picture of the spatio-temporal properties of the
entangled state of twin photons, where they are described as classical
wave-packets. This picture predicts a precise relation between their temporal
and transverse spatial separations at the crystal output. The space-time
coupling described by classical arguments turns out to determine in a precise
way the spatio-temporal structure of the quantum entanglement, analysed by
means of the biphotonic correlation and of the Schmidt dimensionality of the
entanglement.


title:
Benchmark of Exchange-Correlation Functionals for High Pressure Hydrogen
  using Quantum Monte Carlo

abstract:
  The ab-initio phase diagram of dense hydrogen is very sensitive to errors in
the treatment of electronic correlation. Recently, it has been shown that the
choice of the density functional has a large effect on the predicted location
of both the liquid-liquid phase transition and the solid insulator-to-metal
transition in dense hydrogen. To identify the most accurate functional for
dense hydrogen applications, we systematically benchmark some of the most
commonly used functionals using Quantum Monte Carlo. By considering several
measures of functional accuracy, we conclude that the van der Waals and hybrid
functionals significantly out perform LDA and PBE. We support these conclusions
by analyzing the impact of functional choice on structural optimization in the
molecular solid, and on the location of the liquid-liquid phase transition.


title: Geometric aspects of the Kapustin-Witten equations

abstract:
  This expository article introduces the Kapustin-Witten equations to
mathematicians. We discuss the connections between the Complex Yang-Mills
equations and the Kapustin-Witten equations. In addition, we show the relation
between the Kapustin-Witten equations, the moment map condition and the
gradient Chern-Simons flow. The new results in the paper correspond to
estimates on the solutions to the KW equations given an estimate on the complex
part of the connection. This leaves open the problem of obtaining global
estimates on the complex part of the connection.


title:
Central limit theorem and convergence of the support for Wishart
  matrices with correlated entries

abstract:
  In this article, we will consider Wishart Matrices with correlated entries,
but with a strictly log-concave law. It has been shown by A.Pajor and L.Pastur
that the empirical measures of such matrices converges. We will show, under
some symmetry and convergence hypotheses, that in this case the central limit
theorem for linear statistics holds around their limit, and deduce the
convergence of the support to the support of the limiting measure. We also
provide the convergence of the Expectation and the Covariance.


title: Historic Trends in U. S. Drought Forcing in a Warming Climate

abstract:
  The mean North American and world climates have warmed significantly since
the beginning of climatologically significant anthropogenic emission of
greenhouse gases in the 19th Century. It has been suggested that warming may
increase the frequency or severity of droughts. We define and study the
statistics of an aridity index that describes the precipitation forcing
function of a drought, considering drought to be a season with low enough
precipitation to be significant for agriculture. Our aridity index is a
reciprocal function of the seasonal precipitation, which is more significant
for agriculture than mean precipitation. Using NOAA data from sites in 13
diverse climate regimes in the 48 contiguous United States with time series
running over the period 1940--1999 but including two data series from 1900 or
1910, and computing their decadal averages, we search for linear trends in
their aridity indices. We find no linear trends significant at the $2\sigma$
level. At five sites $3\sigma$ upper bounds on any systematic trends are in the
range 1.0--2.8%/decade, while at two sites $3\sigma$ lower bounds are
-0.5%/decade and -2.2%/decade; at other sites the bounds are less restrictive.


title:
Linear Codes are Optimal for Index-Coding Instances with Five or Fewer
  Receivers

abstract:
  We study zero-error unicast index-coding instances, where each receiver must
perfectly decode its requested message set, and the message sets requested by
any two receivers do not overlap. We show that for all these instances with up
to five receivers, linear index codes are optimal. Although this class contains
9847 non-isomorphic instances, by using our recent results and by properly
categorizing the instances based on their graphical representations, we need to
consider only 13 non-trivial instances to solve the entire class. This work
complements the result by Arbabjolfaei et al. (ISIT 2013), who derived the
capacity region of all unicast index-coding problems with up to five receivers
in the diminishing-error setup. They employed random-coding arguments, which
require infinitely-long messages. We consider the zero-error setup; our
approach uses graph theory and combinatorics, and does not require long
messages.


title: Quantum Interference Noise Near the Dirac Point in Graphene

abstract:
  Effects of disorder on the electronic transport properties of graphene are
strongly affected by the Dirac nature of the charge carriers in graphene. This
is particularly pronounced near the Dirac point, where relativistic charge
carriers cannot efficiently screen the impurity potential. We have studied
time-dependent conductance fluctuations and magnetoresistance in graphene in
the close vicinity of the Dirac point. We show that the fluctuations are due to
the quantum interference effects due to scattering on impurities, and find an
unusually large reduction of the relative noise power in magnetic field,
possibly indicating that an additional symmetry plays an important role in this
regime.


title:
Landscape of standing variation for tandem duplications in Drosophila
  yakuba and Drosophila simulans

abstract:
  We have used whole genome paired-end Illumina sequence data to identify
tandem duplications in 20 isofemale lines of D. yakuba, and 20 isofemale lines
of D. simulans and performed genome wide validation with PacBio long molecule
sequencing. We identify 1,415 tandem duplications that are segregating in D.
yakuba as well as 975 duplications in D. simulans, indicating greater variation
in D. yakuba. Additionally, we observe high rates of secondary deletions at
duplicated sites, with 8% of duplicated sites in D. simulans and 17% of sites
in D. yakuba modified with deletions. These secondary deletions are consistent
with the action of the large loop mismatch repair system acting to remove
polymorphic tandem duplication, resulting in rapid dynamics of gain and loss in
duplicated alleles and a richer substrate of genetic novelty than has been
previously reported. Most duplications are present in only single strains,
suggesting deleterious impacts are common. D. simulans shows larger numbers of
whole gene duplications in comparison to larger proportions of gene fragments
in D. yakuba. D. simulans displays an excess of high frequency variants on the
X chromosome, consistent with adaptive evolution through duplications on the D.
simulans X or demographic forces driving duplicates to high frequency. We
identify 78 chimeric genes in D. yakuba and 38 chimeric genes in D. simulans,
as well as 143 cases of recruited non-coding sequence in D. yakuba and 96 in D.
simulans, in agreement with rates of chimeric gene origination in D.
melanogaster. Together, these results suggest that tandem duplications often
result in complex variation beyond whole gene duplications that offers a rich
substrate of standing variation that is likely to contribute both to
detrimental phenotypes and disease, as well as to adaptive evolutionary change.


title: RProtoBuf: Efficient Cross-Language Data Serialization in R

abstract:
  Modern data collection and analysis pipelines often involve a sophisticated
mix of applications written in general purpose and specialized programming
languages. Many formats commonly used to import and export data between
different programs or systems, such as CSV or JSON, are verbose, inefficient,
not type-safe, or tied to a specific programming language. Protocol Buffers are
a popular method of serializing structured data between applications - while
remaining independent of programming languages or operating systems. They offer
a unique combination of features, performance, and maturity that seems
particularly well suited for data-driven applications and numerical computing.
The RProtoBuf package provides a complete interface to Protocol Buffers from
the R environment for statistical computing. This paper outlines the general
class of data serialization requirements for statistical computing, describes
the implementation of the RProtoBuf package, and illustrates its use with
example applications in large-scale data collection pipelines and web services.


title: Riesz Transform Characterizations of Musielak-Orlicz-Hardy Spaces

abstract:
  Let $\varphi$ be a Musielak-Orlicz function satisfying that, for any
$(x,\,t)\in\mathbb{R}^n\times(0,\,\infty)$, $\varphi(\cdot,\,t)$ belongs to the
Muckenhoupt weight class $A_\infty (\mathbb{R}^n)$ with the critical weight
exponent $q(\varphi)\in[1,\,\infty)$ and $\varphi(x,\,\cdot)$ is an Orlicz
function with $0<i(\varphi)\le I(\varphi)\le 1$ which are, respectively, its
critical lower type and upper type. In this article, the authors establish the
Riesz transform characterizations of the Musielak-Orlicz-Hardy spaces
$H_\varphi (\mathbb{R}^n)$ which are generalizations of weighted Hardy spaces
and Orlicz-Hardy spaces. Precisely, the authors characterize $H_\varphi
(\mathbb{R}^n)$ via all the first order Riesz transforms when
$\frac{i(\varphi)}{q(\varphi)}>\frac{n-1}{n}$, and via all the Riesz transforms
with the order not more than $m\in\mathbb{N}$ when
$\frac{i(\varphi)}{q(\varphi)}>\frac{n-1}{n+m-1}$. Moreover, the authors also
establish the Riesz transform characterizations of $H_\varphi(\mathbb{R}^n)$,
respectively, by means of the higher order Riesz transforms defined via the
homogenous harmonic polynomials or the odd order Riesz transforms. Even if when
$\varphi(x,t):=tw(x)$ for all $x\in{\mathbb R}^n$ and $t\in [0,\infty)$, these
results also widen the range of weights in the known Riesz characterization of
the classical weighted Hardy space $H^1_w({\mathbb R}^n)$ obtained by R. L.
Wheeden from $w\in A_1({\mathbb R}^n)$ into $w\in A_\infty({\mathbb R}^n)$ with
the sharp range $q(w)\in [1,\frac n{n-1})$, where $q(w)$ denotes the critical
index of the weight $w$.


title:
A Message-Passing Approach to Combating Hidden Terminals in Wireless
  Networks

abstract:
  Collisions with hidden terminals is a major cause of performance degradation
in 802.11 and likewise wireless networks. Carrier sense multiple access with
collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) is utilized to avoid collisions at the cost of
spatial reuse. This report studies receiver design to mitigate interference
from hidden terminals. A wireless channel model with correlated fading in time
is assumed. A message-passing approach is proposed, in which a receiver can
successfully receive and decode partially overlapping transmissions from two
sources rather than treating undesired one as thermal noise. Numerical results
of both coded and uncoded systems show the advantage of the receiver over
conventional receivers.


title:
Detecting Cohesive and 2-mode Communities in Directed and Undirected
  Networks

abstract:
  Networks are a general language for representing relational information among
objects. An effective way to model, reason about, and summarize networks, is to
discover sets of nodes with common connectivity patterns. Such sets are
commonly referred to as network communities. Research on network community
detection has predominantly focused on identifying communities of densely
connected nodes in undirected networks.
  In this paper we develop a novel overlapping community detection method that
scales to networks of millions of nodes and edges and advances research along
two dimensions: the connectivity structure of communities, and the use of edge
directedness for community detection. First, we extend traditional definitions
of network communities by building on the observation that nodes can be densely
interlinked in two different ways: In cohesive communities nodes link to each
other, while in 2-mode communities nodes link in a bipartite fashion, where
links predominate between the two partitions rather than inside them. Our
method successfully detects both 2-mode as well as cohesive communities, that
may also overlap or be hierarchically nested. Second, while most existing
community detection methods treat directed edges as though they were
undirected, our method accounts for edge directions and is able to identify
novel and meaningful community structures in both directed and undirected
networks, using data from social, biological, and ecological domains.


title:
An intensity-dependent quantum Rabi model: Spectrum, SUSY partner and
  optical simulation

abstract:
  We study an intensity-dependent quantum Rabi model that can be written in
terms of SU(1,1) group elements and is related to the Buck-Sukumar model for
the Bargmann parameter $k=1/2$. The spectrum seems to present avoiding
crossings for all valid parameter sets and, thus, may be integrable. For a
degenerate qubit, the model is soluble and we construct an unbroken
supersymmetric parter for it. We discuss the classical simulation of the
general model in photonic lattices and show that it presents quasi-periodic
reconstruction for a given initial state and parameter set.


title: Improved Robust Node Position Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks

abstract:
  A new method for estimating the relative positions of location-unaware nodes
from the location-aware nodes and the received signal strength (RSS) between
the nodes, in a wireless sensor network (WSN), is proposed. In the method, a
regularization term is incorporated in the optimization problem leading to
significant improvement in the estimation accuracy even in the presence of
position errors of the location-aware nodes and distance errors between the
nodes. The regularization term is appropriated weighted on the basis of the
degree of connectivity between the nodes in the network. The method is
formulated as a convex optimization problem using the semidefinite relaxation
approach. Experimental comparisons with state-of-the-art competing methods show
that the proposed method yields node positions that are much more accurate even
in the presence of measurement errors.


title:
Trace-anomaly driven inflation in $f(T)$ gravity and in minimal massive
  bigravity

abstract:
  We explore trace-anomaly driven inflation in modified gravity. It is
explicitly shown that in $T^2$ teleparallel gravity, the de Sitter inflation
can occur, although quasi de Sitter inflation happens in $R^2$ gravity.
Furthermore, we investigate the influence of the trace anomaly on inflation. It
is found that in $f(T)$ gravity, the de Sitter inflation can end because it
becomes unstable due to the trace anomaly, whereas also in higher derivative
gravity, the de Sitter inflation can be realized and it will be over thanks to
the trace anomaly for smaller parameter regions in comparison with those in
teleparallelism. The instability of the de Sitter inflation in $T^2$ gravity
and $R^2$ gravity (both with taking account of the trace anomaly) is examined.
In addition, we study trace-anomaly driven inflation in minimal massive
bigravity, where the contribution from the massive graviton acts as negative
cosmological constant. It is demonstrated that the de Sitter inflation can
occur and continue for long enough duration.


title: Hurwitz Monodromy and Full Number Fields

abstract:
  We give conditions for the monodromy group of a Hurwitz space over the
configuration space of branch points to be the full alternating or symmetric
group on the degree. Specializing the resulting coverings suggests the
existence of many number fields with full Galois group and surprisingly little
ramification --- for example, the existence of infinitely many such number
fields unramified away from {2,3,5}.


title: Bulk and surface bound states in the continuum

abstract:
  We examine bulk and surface bound states in the continuum (BIC) that is,
square-integrable, localized modes embedded in the linear spectral band of a
discrete lattice including interactions to first-and second nearest neighbors.
We suggest an efficient method for generating such modes and the local bounded
potential that supports the BIC, based on the pioneering Wigner-von Neumann
concept. It is shown that the bulk and surface embedded modes are structurally
stable and that they decay faster than a power law at long distances from the
mode center.


title: Asymptotic enumeration of sparse connected 3-uniform hypergraphs

abstract:
  We derive an asymptotic formula for the number of connected 3-uniform
hypergraphs with vertex set $[N]$ and $M$ edges for $M=N/2+R$ as long as $R$
satisfies $R = o(N)$ and $R=\omega(N^{1/3}\ln^{2} N)$. This almost completely
fills the gap in the range of $M$ for which the formula is known. We approach
the problem using an `inside-out' approach of an earlier paper of Pittel and
the second author, for connected graphs. A key part of the method uses
structural components of connected hypergraphs called cores and kernels. These
are structural components of connected hypergraphs. Our results also give
information on the numbers of them with a given number of vertices and edges,
and hence their typical size in random connected $3$-uniform hypergraphs with
$N$ vertices and $M$ edges, for the range of $M$ we consider.


title:
Effects of Phase Cycling on Quantum Coherence Pathways in Satellite
  Transition Magic Angle Spinning Experiments

abstract:
  Multiple quantum experiments are used to resolve broad peaks in nuclear
magnetic resonance spectra of quadrupolar nuclei. In this work, we study phase
cycling of radio frequency pulses in a single quantum satellite transition
magic angle spinning experiment. The particular pulse sequence is a shifted
echo sequence where phases of the pulses are varied in accordance with
coherence selection rules. Experiments were performed on a $^{17}$O enriched
sample of SiO$_2$. Results show that certain phase sequences may decrease the
full width at half maximum of spectral peaks.


title: Equilateral stick number of knots

abstract:
  An equilateral stick number $s_{=}(K)$ of a knot $K$ is defined to be the
minimal number of sticks required to construct a polygonal knot of $K$ which
consists of equal length sticks. Rawdon and Scharein [12] found upper bounds
for the equilateral stick numbers of all prime knots through 10 crossings by
using algorithms in the software KnotPlot. In this paper, we find an upper
bound on the equilateral stick number of a nontrivial knot K in terms of the
minimal crossing number $c(K)$ which is $s_{=}(K) \le 2c(K) + 2$. Moreover if
$K$ is a non-alternating prime knot, then $s_{=}(K) \le 2c(K) - 2$. Furthermore
we find another upper bound on the equilateral stick number for composite knots
which is $s_{=}(K_1 \# K_2) \le 2c(K_1) + 2c(K_2)$.


title:
Artificial neural network based calibrations for the prediction of
  galactic [NII] $\lambda$ 6584 and H$\alpha$ line luminosities

abstract:
  The artificial neural network (ANN) is a well-established mathematical
technique for data prediction, based on the identification of correlations and
pattern recognition in input training sets. We present the application of ANNs
to predict the emission line luminosities of H$\alpha$ and [NII] $\lambda$6584
in galaxies. These important spectral diagnostics are used for metallicities,
active galactic nuclei (AGN) classification and star formation rates, yet are
shifted into the infra-red for galaxies above $z \sim 0.5$, or may not be
covered in spectra with limited wavelength coverage. The ANN is trained with a
large sample of emission line galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey using various combinations of emission lines and stellar mass. The ANN
is tested for galaxies dominated by both star formation and AGN; in both cases
the H$\alpha$ and [NII] $\lambda$6584 line luminosities can be predicted with a
scatter $\sigma <$ 0.1 dex. We also show that the performance of the ANN does
not depend significantly on the covering fraction, mass or metallicity of the
data. Polynomial functions are derived that allow easy application of the ANN
predictions to determine H$\alpha$ and [NII] $\lambda$6584 line luminosities.
An ANN calibration for the Balmer decrement (H$\alpha$/H$\beta$) based on line
equivalent widths and colours is also presented. The effectiveness of the ANN
calibration is demonstrated with an independent dataset (the Galaxy Mass and
Assembly Survey). We demonstrate the application of our line luminosities to
the determination of gas-phase metallicities and AGN classification. The ANN
technique yields a significant improvement in the measurement of metallicities
that require [NII] and H$\alpha$ when compared with the function based
conversions of Kewley & Ellison. The AGN classification is successful for 86
per cent of SDSS galaxies.


title:
Relative locations of subwords in free operated semigroups and Motzkin
  words

abstract:
  Bracketed words are basic structures both in mathematics (such as Rota-Baxter
algebras) and mathematical physics (such as rooted trees) where the locations
of the substructures are important. In this paper we give the classification of
the relative locations of two bracketed subwords of a bracketed word in an
operated semigroup into the separated, nested and intersecting cases. We
achieve this by establishing a correspondence between relative locations of
bracketed words and those of words by applying the concept of Motzkin words
which are the algebraic forms of Motzkin paths.


title: Averaging algebras, Schr\"oder numbers, rooted trees and operads

abstract:
  In this paper, we study averaging operators from an algebraic and
combinatorial point of view. We first construct free averaging algebras in
terms of a class of bracketed words called averaging words. We next apply this
construction to obtain one and two variable generating functions for subsets of
averaging words when the averaging operator is taken to be idempotent. When the
averaging algebra has an idempotent generator, the generating function in one
variable is twice the generating function for large Schr\"oder numbers, leading
us to give interpretations of large Schr\"oder numbers in terms of bracketed
words and rooted trees, as well as a recursive formula for these numbers. We
also give a representation of free averaging algebras by unreduced trees and
apply it to give a combinatorial description of the operad of averaging
algebras.


title:
Modeling size segregation of granular materials: the roles of
  segregation, advection and diffusion

abstract:
  Predicting segregation of granular materials composed of different-sized
particles is a challenging problem. In this paper, we develop and implement a
theoretical model that captures the interplay between advection, segregation,
and diffusion in size bidisperse granular materials. The fluxes associated with
these three driving factors depend on the underlying kinematics, whose
characteristics play key roles in determining particle segregation
configurations. Unlike previous models for segregation, our model uses
parameters based on kinematic measures from discrete element method simulations
instead of arbitrarily adjustable fitting parameters, and it achieves excellent
quantitative agreement with both experimental and simulation results when
applied to quasi-two-dimensional bounded heaps. The model yields two
dimensionless control parameters, both of which are only functions of
physically control parameters (feed rate, particle sizes, and system size) and
kinematic parameters (diffusion coefficient, flowing layer depth, and
percolation velocity). The P\'eclet number, $Pe$, captures the interplay of
advection and diffusion, and the second dimensionless parameter, $\Lambda$,
describes the interplay between segregation and advection. A parametric study
of $\Lambda$ and $Pe$ demonstrates how the particle segregation configuration
depends on the interplay of advection, segregation, and diffusion. The model
can be readily adapted to other flow geometries.


title: Bounding Embeddings of VC Classes into Maximum Classes

abstract:
  One of the earliest conjectures in computational learning theory-the Sample
Compression conjecture-asserts that concept classes (equivalently set systems)
admit compression schemes of size linear in their VC dimension. To-date this
statement is known to be true for maximum classes---those that possess maximum
cardinality for their VC dimension. The most promising approach to positively
resolving the conjecture is by embedding general VC classes into maximum
classes without super-linear increase to their VC dimensions, as such
embeddings would extend the known compression schemes to all VC classes. We
show that maximum classes can be characterised by a local-connectivity property
of the graph obtained by viewing the class as a cubical complex. This geometric
characterisation of maximum VC classes is applied to prove a negative embedding
result which demonstrates VC-d classes that cannot be embedded in any maximum
class of VC dimension lower than 2d. On the other hand, we show that every VC-d
class C embeds in a VC-(d+D) maximum class where D is the deficiency of C,
i.e., the difference between the cardinalities of a maximum VC-d class and of
C. For VC-2 classes in binary n-cubes for 4 <= n <= 6, we give best possible
results on embedding into maximum classes. For some special classes of Boolean
functions, relationships with maximum classes are investigated. Finally we give
a general recursive procedure for embedding VC-d classes into VC-(d+k) maximum
classes for smallest k.


title: An Algebraic Study of Averaging Operators

abstract:
  A module endomorphism $f$ on an algebra $A$ is called an averaging operator
if it satisfies $f(xf(y)) = f(x)f(y)$ for any $x, y\in A$. An algebra $A$ with
an averaging operator $f$ is called an averaging algebra. Averaging operators
have been studied for over one hundred years. We study averaging operators from
an algebraic point of view. In the first part, we construct free averaging
algebras on an algebra $A$ and on a set $X$, and free objects for some
subcategories of averaging algebras. Then we study properties of these free
objects and, as an application, we discuss some decision problems of averaging
algebras. In the second part, we show how averaging operators induce Lie
algebra structures. We discuss conditions under which a Lie bracket operation
is induced by an averaging operator. Then we discuss properties of these
induced Lie algebra structures. Finally we apply the results from this
discussion in the study of averaging operators.


title:
Optimal Control and Numerical Optimization Applied to Epidemiological
  Models

abstract:
  The relationship between epidemiology, mathematical modeling and
computational tools allows to build and test theories on the development and
battling of a disease. This PhD thesis is motivated by the study of
epidemiological models applied to infectious diseases in an Optimal Control
perspective, giving particular relevance to Dengue. Dengue is a subtropical and
tropical disease transmitted by mosquitoes, that affects about 100 million
people per year and is considered by the World Health Organization a major
concern for public health. The mathematical models developed and tested in this
work, are based on ordinary differential equations that describe the dynamics
underlying the disease, including the interaction between humans and
mosquitoes. An analytical study is made related to equilibrium points, their
stability and basic reproduction number. The spreading of Dengue can be
attenuated through measures to control the transmission vector, such as the use
of specific insecticides and educational campaigns. Since the development of a
potential vaccine has been a recent global bet, models based on the simulation
of a hypothetical vaccination process in a population are proposed. Based on
Optimal Control theory, we have analyzed the optimal strategies for using these
controls, and respective impact on the reduction/eradication of the disease
during an outbreak in the population, considering a bioeconomic approach. The
formulated problems are numerically solved using direct and indirect methods.
The first discretize the problem turning it into a nonlinear optimization
problem. Indirect methods use the Pontryagin Maximum Principle as a necessary
condition to find the optimal curve for the respective control. In these two
strategies several numerical software packages are used.


title:
Second order estimates for Hessian type fully nonlinear elliptic
  equations on Riemannian manifolds

abstract:
  We derive a priori estimates for second order derivatives of solutions to a
wide calss of fully nonlinear elliptic equations on Riemannian manifolds. The
equations we consider naturally appear in geometric problems and other
applications such as optimal transportation. There are some fundamental
assumptions in the literature to ensure the equations to be elliptic and that
one can apply Evans-Krylov theorem once estimates up to second derivatives are
derived. However, in previous work one needed extra assumptions which are more
technical in nature to overcome various difficulties. In this paper we are able
to remove most of these technical assumptions. Indeed, we derive the estimates
under conditions which are almost optimal, and prove existence results for the
Dirichlet problem which are new even for bounded domains in Euclidean space.
Moreover, our methods can be applied to other types of nonlinear elliptic and
parabolic equations, including those on complex manifolds.


title: Constructions of free commutative integro-differential algebras

abstract:
  In this survey, we outline two recent constructions of free commutative
integro-differential algebras. They are based on the construction of free
commutative Rota-Baxter algebras by mixable shuffles. The first is by
evaluations. The second is by the method of Gr\"obner-Shirshov bases.


title: Two-Component Spinors in Spacetimes with Torsionful Affinities

abstract:
  The essentially unique torsionful version of the classical two-component
spinor formalisms of Infeld and van der Waerden is presented. All the metric
spinors and connecting objects that arise here are formally the same as the
ones borne by the traditional formalisms. Any spin-affine connexion appears to
possess a torsional part which is conveniently chosen as a suitable asymmetric
contribution. Such a torsional affine contribution thus supplies a
gauge-invariant potential that can eventually be taken to carry an observable
character, and thereby effectively takes over the role of any trivially
realizable symmetric contribution. The overall curvature spinors for any
spin-affine connexion accordingly emerge from the irreducible decomposition of
a mixed world-spin object which in turn comes out of the action on elementary
spinors of a typical torsionful second-order covariant derivative operator.
Explicit curvature expansions are likewise exhibited which fill in the gap
related to their absence from the literature. It is then pointed out that the
utilization of the torsionful spinor framework may afford locally some new
physical descriptions.


title:
Collective excitation of a short-range charge ordering in
  $\theta$-$\mbox{(BEDT-TTF)}_2\mbox{CsZn(SCN)}_4$

abstract:
  We find a characteristic low-energy peak structure located in the range of
100-300 cm$^{-1}$ in the optical conductivity spectra of a
quasi-two-dimensional organic compound with a triangular lattice,
${\theta}$-$\mbox{(BEDT-TTF)}_2\mbox{CsZn(SCN)}_4$, in which two different
types of short-range charge orderings (COs) coexist. Upon lowering the
temperature, the low-energy peak becomes significant and shifts to much lower
frequencies only for the polarization of ${E \parallel a}$, in contrast to the
other broad electronic bands in the mid-infrared region. On introducing
disorder, the low-energy peak is strongly suppressed in comparison with the
broad electronic bands. This result indicates that the low-energy peak is
attributed to a collective excitation that originates from the short-range CO
with a relatively long-period $3\times3$ pattern. The present results shed
light on the understanding of the low-energy excitation in the glassy
electronic state, where the charge degrees of freedom remain at low
temperatures.


title:
The first fundamental theorem of invariant theory for the
  orthosymplectic supergroup

abstract:
  We give an elementary proof of the first fundamental theorem of the invariant
theory for the orthosymplectic supergroup by generalising the method of Atiyah,
Bott and Patodi to the supergroup context. We use methods from super-algebraic
geometry to convert invariants of the orthosymplectic supergroup into
invariants of the corresponding general linear supergroup on a different space.
In this way, a super Schur-Weyl-Brauer duality is established between the
orthosymplectic supergroup of superdimension $(m|2n)$ and the Brauer algebra
with parameter $m-2n$. The result may be interpreted in terms of the relevant
Harish-Chandra super pair action (over the complex field), or equivalently, the
orthosymplectic Lie supergroup over the infinite dimensional Grassmann algebra.
We also state a corresponding theorem for the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra,
which involves an extra invariant generator, the super-Pfaffian.


title: Propagation of nonlinear waves in a rarefied bubbly flow

abstract:
  The one-dimension Russo--Smereka kinetic equation describing the propagation
of nonlinear concentration waves in a rarefied bubbly fluid is considered.
Reductions of the model to finite component systems are derived. Stability of
the bubbly flow in terms of hyperbolicity of the kinetic equation is studied.
Conservation form of the model is proposed and numerical solution of the Cauchy
problem with discontinuous initial data is obtained.


title:
Applications of shuffle product to restricted decomposition formulas for
  multiple zeta values

abstract:
  In this paper we obtain a recursive formula for the shuffle product and apply
it to derive two restricted decomposition formulas for multiple zeta values
(MZVs). The first formula generalizes the decomposition formula of Euler and is
similar to the restricted formula of Eie and Wei for MZVs with one strings of
1's. The second formula generalizes the previous results to the product of two
MZVs with one and two strings of 1's respectively.


title:
HI, CO, and Planck/IRAS dust properties in the high-latitude-cloud
  complex, MBM 53, 54, 55 and HLCG 92-35; Possible evidence for an optically
  thick HI envelope around the CO clouds

abstract:
  We present an analysis of the HI and CO gas in conjunction with the
Planck/IRAS submillimeter/far-infrared dust properties toward the most
outstanding high latitude clouds MBM 53, 54, 55 and HLCG 92-35 at b = -30 deg
to -45 deg. The CO emission, dust opacity at 353 GHz (tau353), and dust
temperature (Td) show generally good spatial correspondence. On the other hand,
the correspondence between the HI emission and the dust properties is less
clear than in CO. The integrated HI intensity WHI and tau353 show a large
scatter with a correlation coefficient of ~0.6 for a Td range from 16 K to 22
K. We find, however, that WHI and tau353 show better correlation for smaller
ranges of Td every 0.5 K, generally with a correlation coefficient of 0.7-0.9.
We set up a hypothesis that the HI gas associated with the highest Td >= 21.5 K
is optically thin, whereas the HI emission is generally optically thick for Td
lower than 21.5 K. We have determined a relationship for the optically thin HI
gas between atomic hydrogen column density and tau353, NHI (cm-2) = (1.5 x
10^26) x tau353, under the assumption that the dust properties are uniform and
we have applied this to estimate NHI from tau353 for the whole cloud. NHI was
then used to solve for Ts and tauHI over the region. The result shows that the
HI is dominated by optically thick gas having a low spin temperature of 20-40 K
and a density of 40-160 cm-3. The HI envelope has a total mass of ~1.2 x 10^4
Msol, an order of magnitude larger than that of the CO clouds. The HI envelope
properties derived by this method do not rule out a mixture of HI and H2 in the
dark gas, but we present indirect evidence that most of the gas mass is in the
atomic state.


title:
Next to leading order calculation with dimensional regularization in
  Nambu--Jona-Lasinio Model

abstract:
  The Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model is investigated in the $1/N_c$ expansion with
the dimensional regularization. At the four-dimensional limit the meson
propagators have simple forms in the leading order of the $1/N_c$ expansion.
Thus the next to leading order calculation reduces to an ordinary one loop
calculation. Here we obtain an explicit form of the $1/N_c$ correction and
numerically evaluate the $N_c$ dependence for the gap equation.


title:
Parallel suppression of superconductivity and Fe moment in the collapsed
  tetragonal phase of Ca0.67Sr0.33Fe2As2 under pressure

abstract:
  Using non-resonant Fe K-beta x-ray emission spectroscopy, we reveal that
Sr-doping of CaFe2As2 decouples the Fe moment from the volume collapse
transition, yielding a collapsed-tetragonal, paramagnetic normal state out of
which superconductivity develops. X-ray diffraction measurements implicate the
c-axis lattice parameter as the controlling criterion for the Fe moment,
promoting a generic description for the appearance of pressure-induced
superconductivity in the alkaline-earth-based 122 ferropnictides (AFe2As2). The
evolution of the superconducting critical temperature with pressure lends
support to theories for superconductivity involving unconventional pairing
mediated by magnetic fluctuations.


title:
Real-time observation of dynamics in rotational molecular wave packets
  by use of "air laser" spectroscopy

abstract:
  Molecular rotational spectroscopy based on strong-field-ionization-induced
nitrogen laser is employed to investigate the time evolution of the rotational
wave packet composed by a coherent superposition of quantum rotational states
created in a field-free molecular alignment. We show that this technique
uniquely allows real-time observation of the ultrafast dynamics of the
individual rotational states in the rotational wavepacket. Our analysis also
shows that there exist two channels of generation of the nitrogen laser,
shedding new light on the population inversion mechanism behind the air laser
generated by intense femtosecond laser pulses.


title: A Liouville Theorem for the Fractional Laplacian

abstract:
  We extend the classical Liouville Theorem from Laplacian to the fractional
Laplacian, that is, we prove
  Every $\alpha$-harmonic function bounded either above or below in all of
$R^n$ must be constant.


title:
On existence and uniqueness of solutions to uncertain backward
  stochastic differential equations

abstract:
  This paper is concerned with a class of uncertain backward stochastic
differential equations (UBSDEs) driven by both an $m$-dimensional Brownian
motion and a $d$-dimensional canonical process with uniform Lipschitzian
coefficients. Such equations can be useful in modelling hybrid systems, where
the phenomena are simultaneously subjected to two kinds of uncertainties:
randomness and uncertainty. The solutions of UBSDEs are the uncertain
stochastic processes. Thus, the existence and uniqueness of solutions to UBSDEs
with Lipschitzian coefficients are proved.


title:
On Index Coding in Noisy Broadcast Channels with Receiver Message Side
  Information

abstract:
  This letter investigates the role of index coding in the capacity of AWGN
broadcast channels with receiver message side information. We first show that
index coding is unnecessary where there are two receivers; multiplexing coding
and superposition coding are sufficient to achieve the capacity region. We next
show that, for more than two receivers, multiplexing coding and superposition
coding alone can be suboptimal. We give an example where these two coding
schemes alone cannot achieve the capacity region, but adding index coding can.
This demonstrates that, in contrast to the two-receiver case, multiplexing
coding cannot fulfill the function of index coding where there are three or
more receivers.


title:
Self-consistent theory of ferromagnetism on the surface of a topological
  insulator

abstract:
  The Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction between magnetic
impurities, mediated by Dirac surface states on the surface of a topological
insulator, leads to impurities ferromagnetic ordering. We present a
self-consistent theory of the ordering, which takes into account a gap in the
surface spectrum induced by the exchange field of magnetic impurities. We show
that the gap does not change the general structure of RKKY interaction but
considerable influences its strength. This feedback can be both positive and
negative, depending on the ratio between the chemical potential and the gap,
and it qualitatively modifies the temperature dependence of the spin
polarization of magnetic impurities. The resulting unusual temperature
dependence can be directly measured in angle resolved photoemission
spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments.


title:
The parametrized probabilistic finite-state transducer probe game player
  fingerprint model

abstract:
  Fingerprinting operators generate functional signatures of game players and
are useful for their automated analysis independent of representation or
encoding. The theory for a fingerprinting operator which returns the
length-weighted probability of a given move pair occurring from playing the
investigated agent against a general parametrized probabilistic finite-state
transducer (PFT) is developed, applicable to arbitrary iterated games. Results
for the distinguishing power of the 1-state opponent model, uniform
approximability of fingerprints of arbitrary players, analyticity and Lipschitz
continuity of fingerprints for logically possible players, and equicontinuity
of the fingerprints of bounded-state probabilistic transducers are derived.
Algorithms for the efficient computation of special instances are given; the
shortcomings of a previous model, strictly generalized here from a simple
projection of the new model, are explained in terms of regularity condition
violations, and the extra power and functional niceness of the new fingerprints
demonstrated. The 2-state deterministic finite-state transducers (DFTs) are
fingerprinted and pairwise distances computed; using this the structure of DFTs
in strategy space is elucidated.


title:
On the (im)possibility of testing new physics in exoplanets using
  transit timing variations: deviation from inverse-square law of gravity

abstract:
  Ground-based and space-borne observatories studying exoplanetary transits now
and in the future will considerably increase the number of known exoplanets and
the precision of the measured times of transit minima. Variations in the
transit times can not only be used to infer the presence of additional planets,
but might also provide opportunities for testing new physics in the places
beyond the Solar system. In this work, we take deviation from the
inverse-square law of gravity as an example, focus on the fifth-force-like
Yukawa-type correction to the Newtonian gravitational force which parameterizes
this deviation, investigate its effects on the secular transit timing
variations and analyze their observability in exoplanetary systems. It is found
that the most optimistic values of Yukawa-type secular transit timing
variations are at the level of $\sim 0.1$ seconds per year. Those values
unfortunately appear only in rarely unique cases and, most importantly, they
are still at least two orders of magnitude below the current capabilities of
observations. Such a deviation from the inverse-square law of gravity is likely
too small to detect for the foreseeable future. Meanwhile, systematic
uncertainties, such as the presence of additional and unknown planets, will
likely be exceptionally difficult to remove from a signal that should be seen.


title: On the K\"ahler structures over Quot schemes

abstract:
  Let $S^n(X)$ be the $n$-fold symmetric product of a compact connected Riemann
surface $X$ of genus $g$ and gonality $d$. We prove that $S^n(X)$ admits a
K\"ahler structure such that all the holomorphic bisectional curvatures are
nonpositive if and only if $n < d$. Let ${\mathcal Q}_X(r,n)$ be the Quot
scheme parametrizing the torsion quotients of ${\mathcal O}^{\oplus r}_X$ of
degree $n$. If $g \geq 2$ and $n \leq 2g-2$, we prove that ${\mathcal
Q}_X(r,n)$ does not admit a K\"ahler structure such that all the holomorphic
bisectional curvatures are nonnegative.


title:
A simple finite element method for Reissner--Mindlin plate equations
  using the Crouzeix-Raviart element and the standard linear finite element

abstract:
  We present a simple finite element method for the discretization of
Reissner--Mindlin plate equations. The finite element method is based on using
the nonconforming Crouzeix-Raviart finite element space for the transverse
displacement, and the standard linear finite element space for the rotation of
the transverse normal vector. We also present two examples for the discrete
Lagrange multiplier space for the proposed formulation.


title: Measurement errors in entanglement-assisted electron microscopy

abstract:
  The major resolution-limiting factor in cryoelectron microscopy of unstained
biological specimens is radiation damage by the very electrons that are used to
probe the specimen structure. To address this problem, an electron microscopy
scheme that employs quantum entanglement to enable phase measurement precision
beyond the standard quantum limit has recently been proposed {[}Phys. Rev. A
\textbf{85}, 043810{]}. Here we identify and examine in detail measurement
errors that will arise in the scheme. An emphasis is given to considerations
concerning inelastic scattering events because in general schemes assisted with
quantum entanglement are known to be highly vulnerable to lossy processes. We
find that the amount of error due both to elastic and inelastic scattering
processes are acceptable provided that the electron beam geometry is properly
designed.


title:
Design and Construction of a Brain-Like Computer: A New Class of
  Frequency-Fractal Computing Using Wireless Communication in a Supramolecular
  Organic, Inorganic System

abstract:
  Here, we introduce a new class of computer which does not use any circuit or
logic gate. In fact, no program needs to be written: it learns by itself and
writes its own program to solve a problem. Godels incompleteness argument is
explored here to devise an engine where an astronomically large number of
IfThen arguments are allowed to grow by self assembly, based on the basic set
of arguments written in the system, thus, we explore the beyond Turing path of
computing but following a fundamentally different route adopted in the last
half a century old non Turing adventures. Our hardware is a multilayered seed
structure. If we open the largest seed, which is the final hardware, we find
several computing seed structures inside, if we take any of them and open,
there are several computing seeds inside. We design and synthesize the smallest
seed, the entire multilayered architecture grows by itself. The electromagnetic
resonance band of each seed looks similar, but the seeds of any layer shares a
common region in its resonance band with inner and upper layer, hence a chain
of resonance bands is formed (frequency fractal) connecting the smallest to the
largest seed (hence the name invincible rhythm or Ajeya Chhandam in Sanskrit).


title:
A Method of Developing Analytical Multipartite Delocalization Measures
  for Mixed W-like States

abstract:
  We present a method of developing analytical measures of $k$-partite
delocalization in arbitrary $n$-body W-like states, otherwise known as mixed
states in the single excitation subspace. These measures calculate the distance
of a state to its closest reference state with $k-1$ entanglement. We find that
the reference state is determined by the purity of the state undergoing
measurement. Measures with up to 6-body delocalization for a 6-body system are
derived in full, while an algorithm for general $k$-partite measures is given.


title:
Smoothed Low Rank and Sparse Matrix Recovery by Iteratively Reweighted
  Least Squares Minimization

abstract:
  This work presents a general framework for solving the low rank and/or sparse
matrix minimization problems, which may involve multiple non-smooth terms. The
Iteratively Reweighted Least Squares (IRLS) method is a fast solver, which
smooths the objective function and minimizes it by alternately updating the
variables and their weights. However, the traditional IRLS can only solve a
sparse only or low rank only minimization problem with squared loss or an
affine constraint. This work generalizes IRLS to solve joint/mixed low rank and
sparse minimization problems, which are essential formulations for many tasks.
As a concrete example, we solve the Schatten-$p$ norm and $\ell_{2,q}$-norm
regularized Low-Rank Representation (LRR) problem by IRLS, and theoretically
prove that the derived solution is a stationary point (globally optimal if
$p,q\geq1$). Our convergence proof of IRLS is more general than previous one
which depends on the special properties of the Schatten-$p$ norm and
$\ell_{2,q}$-norm. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real data sets
demonstrate that our IRLS is much more efficient.


title: The Geometry of Homogeneous Two-Weight Codes

abstract:
  The results of [1,2] on linear homogeneous two-weight codes over finite
Frobenius rings are exended in two ways: It is shown that certain
non-projective two-weight codes give rise to strongly regular graphs in the way
described in [1,2]. Secondly, these codes are used to define a dual two-weight
code and strongly regular graph similar to the classical case of projective
linear two-weight codes over finite fields [3].


title:
Bi-invariant metric on volume-preserving diffeomorphisms group of a
  three-dimensional manifold

abstract:
  We show the existence of a weak bi-invariant symmetric nondegenerate 2-form
on the volume-preserving diffeomorphism group of a three-dimensional manifold
and study its properties. Despite the fact that the space
$\mathcal{D}_\mu(M^3)$ is infinite-dimensional, we succeed in defining the
signature of the bi-invariant quadric form. It is equal to the $\eta$-invariant
of the manifold $M^3$.


title: A Comparative Study on String Matching Algorithm of Biological Sequences

abstract:
  String matching algorithm plays the vital role in the Computational Biology.
The functional and structural relationship of the biological sequence is
determined by similarities on that sequence. For that, the researcher is
supposed to aware of similarities on the biological sequences. Pursuing of
similarity among biological sequences is an important research area of that can
bring insight into the evolutionary and genetic relationships among the genes.
In this paper, we have studied different kinds of string matching algorithms
and observed their time and space complexities. For this study, we have
assessed the performance of algorithms tested with biological sequences.


title: Big I-functions

abstract:
  We introduce a new big I-function for certain GIT quotients W//G using the
quasimap graph space from infinitesimally pointed $\mathbb{P}^1$ to the stack
quotient [W/G]. This big I-function is expressible by the small I-function
introduced in arXiv:0908.4446 [math.AG] and arXiv:1106.3724 [math.AG]. The
I-function conjecturally generates the Lagrangian cone of Gromov-Witten theory
for W//G defined by Givental. We prove the conjecture when W//G has a torus
action with good properties.


title:
A detailed study of non-thermal X-ray properties and interstellar gas
  toward the \gamma-ray supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946

abstract:
  We have carried out a spectral analysis of the Suzaku X-ray data in the
0.4-12 keV range toward the shell-type very-high-energy {\gamma}-ray supernova
remnant RX J1713.7-3946. The aims of this analysis are to estimate detailed
X-rays spectral properties at a high angular resolution up to 2 arcmin, and to
compare them with the interstellar gas. The X-ray spectrum is non-thermal and
used to calculate absorbing column density, photon index, and
absorption-corrected X-ray flux. The photon index varies significantly from 2.1
to 2.9. It is shown that the X-ray intensity is well correlated with the photon
index, especially in the west region, with a correlation coefficient of 0.81.
The X-ray intensity tends to increase with the averaged interstellar gas
density while the dispersion is relatively large. The hardest spectra having
the photon index less than 2.4 are found outside of the central 10 arcmin of
the SNR, from the north to the southeast (~430 arcmin^2) and from the southwest
to the northwest (~150 arcmin^2). The former region shows low interstellar gas
density, while the latter high interstellar gas density. We present discussion
for possible scenarios which explain the distribution of the photon index and
its relationship with the interstellar gas.


title: Polynomials vanishing on grids: The Elekes-R\'onyai problem revisited

abstract:
  In this paper we characterize real bivariate polynomials which have a small
range over large Cartesian products. We show that for every constant-degree
bivariate real polynomial $f$, either $|f(A,B)|=\Omega(n^{4/3})$, for every
pair of finite sets $A,B\subset{\mathbb R}$, with $|A|=|B|=n$ (where the
constant of proportionality depends on ${\rm deg} f$), or else $f$ must be of
one of the special forms $f(u,v)=h(\varphi(u)+\psi(v))$, or
$f(u,v)=h(\varphi(u)\cdot\psi(v))$, for some univariate polynomials
$\varphi,\psi,h$ over ${\mathbb R}$. This significantly improves a result of
Elekes and R\'onyai (2000).
  Our results are cast in a more general form, in which we give an upper bound
for the number of zeros of $z=f(x,y)$ on a triple Cartesian product $A\times
B\times C$, when the sizes $|A|$, $|B|$, $|C|$ need not be the same; the upper
bound is $O(n^{11/6})$ when $|A|=|B|=|C|=n$, where the constant of
proportionality depends on ${\rm deg} f$, unless $f$ has one of the
aforementioned special forms.
  This result provides a unified tool for improving bounds in various Erd\H
os-type problems in geometry and additive combinatorics. Several applications
of our results to problems of these kinds are presented. For example, we show
that the number of distinct distances between $n$ points lying on a
constant-degree parametric algebraic curve which does not contain a line, in
any dimension, is $\Omega(n^{4/3})$, extending the result of Pach and de Zeeuw
(2013) and improving the bound of Charalambides (2012), for the special case
where the curve under consideration has a polynomial parameterization. We also
derive improved lower bounds for several variants of the sum-product problem in
additive combinatorics.


title: Quark tensor and axial charges within the Schwinger-Dyson formalism

abstract:
  We calculate the tensor and axial charges of the quark in the Schwinger-Dyson
formalism of Landau gauge QCD. It is found that the dressed tensor and
isovector axial charges of the quark are suppressed against the bare quark
contribution, and the result agrees qualitatively with the experimental data.
We show that this is due to the superposition of the spin flip of the quark
arising from the successive emission of gluons which dress the vertex. For the
isoscalar quark axial charge, we have analyzed the Schwinger-Dyson equation by
including the leading unquenching quark-loop effect. It is found that the
suppression is more significant, due to the axial anomaly effect.


title:
Variations and Correlations in Cyclotron Resonant Scattering Features of
  Vela X-1 Studied by INTEGRAL

abstract:
  Long-term hard X-ray monitoring observations on high mass X-ray binary Vela
X-1 from 2003 -- 2011 have been performed by INTEGRAL. I systematically
analyzed the average hard X-ray spectra of Vela X-1 from 3 -- 200 keV, with
main aims to detect cyclotron resonant scattering features and study their
variation patterns with accreting luminosities and orbital phases. The
cyclotron scattering lines of Vela X-1 at $\sim 22 - 27$ keV and $49 - 57$ keV
are confirmed in the average spectra of Vela X-1. But in the flare states with
hard X-ray luminosity higher than $\sim 5\times 10^{36}$ erg s$^{-1}$ (3 -- 100
keV), the fundamental line cannot be detected. This feature suggests that a
fan-like beam radiation pattern is expected in high luminosity ranges of Vela
X-1. Variations of the cyclotron line energies and depths are discovered, which
may change with continuum spectral properties. Both cyclotron line energies
show no correlations with X-ray luminosity. The fundamental line energy shows
no significant correlations with photon index and cutoff energy. While, the
first harmonic energy shows a positive correlation with photon index and
exponential cutoff energy. The energy ratio of two cyclotron lines always
higher than 2 has the weak correlation with photon index and cutoff energy.
These relations support that the X-ray spectral properties of accreting X-ray
pulsars are affected by cyclotron resonance scattering. In the case of Vela
X-1, the broader and deeper first harmonic would play the main role to cause
the spectral variations. The positive correlations between the ratio of line
width to energy and the corresponding depth for both two lines support a
cylindrical column accretion geometry in Vela X-1.


title: Thermodynamic properties of yttrium cuprate

abstract:
  The standard formation enthalpy and enthalpy from binary oxide of yttrium
cuprate have been determined by solution calorimetry combining the solution
enthalpies of Y2Cu2O5 and Y2O3 + 2CuO mixture in 6 M HCl at 323.15 K and
literature data. The heat capacity of Y2Cu2O5 has been measured by adiabatic
calorimetry from 8 up to 303 K. Smoothed values of heat capacities, entropies
and enthalpies were calculated on the basis of experimental data. The
thermodynamic functions (heat capacity, entropy and enthalpy) at 298.15 K have
been calculated. On the basis of obtained data it has been obtained that
above-mentioned complex oxide is thermodynamically unstable with respect to
their decomposition into binary oxides at room temperatures.


title: Relativistic shock acceleration and some consequences

abstract:
  This paper summarizes recent progresses in our theoretical understanding of
particle acceleration at relativistic shock waves and it discusses two salient
consequences: (1) the maximal energy of accelerated particles; (2) the impact
of the shock-generated micro-turbulence on the multi-wavelength light curves of
gamma-ray burst afterglows.


title:
Characterization of the Praesepe Star Cluster by Photometry and Proper
  Motions with 2MASS, PPMXL, and Pan-STARRS

abstract:
  Membership identification is the first step to determine the properties of a
star cluster. Low-mass members in particular could be used to trace the
dynamical history, such as mass segregation, stellar evaporation, or tidal
stripping, of a star cluster in its Galactic environment. We identified member
candidates with stellar masses $\sim$0.11--2.4 Msun of the intermediate-age
Praesepe cluster (M44), by using Pan-STARRS and 2MASS photometry, and PPMXL
proper motions. Within a sky area of 3 deg radius, 1040 candidates are
identified, of which 96 are new inclusions. Using the same set of selection
criteria on field stars led to an estimate of a false positive rate 16%,
suggesting 872 of the candidates being true members. This most complete and
reliable membership list allows us to favor the BT-Settl model in comparison
with other stellar models. The cluster shows a distinct binary track above the
main sequence, with a binary frequency of 20--40%, and a high occurrence rate
of similar mass pairs. The mass function is consistent with that of the disk
population but shows a deficit of members below 0.3 solar masses. A clear mass
segregation is evidenced, with the lowest-mass members in our sample being
evaporated from this disintegrating cluster.


title:
A novel method of generating tunable underlying network topologies for
  social simulation

abstract:
  We propose a method of generating different scale-free networks, which has
several input parameters in order to adjust the structure, so that they can
serve as a basis for computer simulation of real-world phenomena. The
topological structure of these networks was studied to determine what kind of
networks can be produced and how can we give the appropriate values of
parameters to get a desired structure.


title:
Channel Estimation and Hybrid Precoding for Millimeter Wave Cellular
  Systems

abstract:
  Millimeter wave (mmWave) cellular systems will enable gigabit-per-second data
rates thanks to the large bandwidth available at mmWave frequencies. To realize
sufficient link margin, mmWave systems will employ directional beamforming with
large antenna arrays at both the transmitter and receiver. Due to the high cost
and power consumption of gigasample mixed-signal devices, mmWave precoding will
likely be divided among the analog and digital domains. The large number of
antennas and the presence of analog beamforming requires the development of
mmWave-specific channel estimation and precoding algorithms. This paper
develops an adaptive algorithm to estimate the mmWave channel parameters that
exploits the poor scattering nature of the channel. To enable the efficient
operation of this algorithm, a novel hierarchical multi-resolution codebook is
designed to construct training beamforming vectors with different beamwidths.
For single-path channels, an upper bound on the estimation error probability
using the proposed algorithm is derived, and some insights into the efficient
allocation of the training power among the adaptive stages of the algorithm are
obtained. The adaptive channel estimation algorithm is then extended to the
multi-path case relying on the sparse nature of the channel. Using the
estimated channel, this paper proposes a new hybrid analog/digital precoding
algorithm that overcomes the hardware constraints on the analog-only
beamforming, and approaches the performance of digital solutions. Simulation
results show that the proposed low-complexity channel estimation algorithm
achieves comparable precoding gains compared to exhaustive channel training
algorithms. The results also illustrate that the proposed algorithms can
approach the coverage probability achieved by perfect channel knowledge even in
the presence of interference.


title:
Cluster membership probabilities from proper motions and multiwavelength
  photometric catalogues: I. Method and application to the Pleiades cluster

abstract:
  We present a new technique designed to take full advantage of the high
dimensionality (photometric, astrometric, temporal) of the DANCe survey to
derive self-consistent and robust membership probabilities of the Pleiades
cluster. We aim at developing a methodology to infer membership probabilities
to the Pleiades cluster from the DANCe multidimensional astro-photometric data
set in a consistent way throughout the entire derivation. The determination of
the membership probabilities has to be applicable to censored data and must
incorporate the measurement uncertainties into the inference procedure.
  We use Bayes' theorem and a curvilinear forward model for the likelihood of
the measurements of cluster members in the colour-magnitude space, to infer
posterior membership probabilities. The distribution of the cluster members
proper motions and the distribution of contaminants in the full
multidimensional astro-photometric space is modelled with a
mixture-of-Gaussians likelihood. We analyse several representation spaces
composed of the proper motions plus a subset of the available magnitudes and
colour indices. We select two prominent representation spaces composed of
variables selected using feature relevance determination techniques based in
Random Forests, and analyse the resulting samples of high probability
candidates. We consistently find lists of high probability (p > 0.9975)
candidates with $\approx$ 1000 sources, 4 to 5 times more than obtained in the
most recent astro-photometric studies of the cluster.
  The methodology presented here is ready for application in data sets that
include more dimensions, such as radial and/or rotational velocities, spectral
indices and variability.


title: Characterizations of ultramaximally monotone operators

abstract:
  In this paper, we study properties of ultramaximally monotone operators. We
characterize the interior and the closure of the range of an ultramaximally
monotone operator. We establish the Brezis--Haraux condition in the setting of
a general Banach space. Moreover, we show that every ultramaximally monotone
operator is of type (NA). We also provide some sufficient conditions for a
Banach space to be reflexive by a linear continuous and ultramaximally monotone
operator.


title:
Cosmological Dynamics of Modified Gravity With a Non-minimal
  Curvature-matter Coupling

abstract:
  We perform a phase space analysis of a non-minimally coupled modified gravity
theory with the Lagrangian density of the form $\frac{1}{2} f_{1}(R)+[1+\lambda
f_{2}(R)]{{\cal{L}}_{m}}$, where $f_1(R)$ and $f_2(R)$ are arbitrary functions
of the curvature scalar $R$ and ${{\cal{L}}_{m}}$ is the matter Lagrangian
density. We apply the dynamical system approach to this scenario in two
particular models. In the first model we assume $f_1(R)=2R$ with a general form
for $f_2(R)$ and set favorable values for effective equation of state parameter
which is related to the several epochs of the cosmic evolution and study the
critical points and their stability in each cosmic eras. In the second case, we
allow the $f_1(R)$ to be an arbitrary function of $R$ and set $f_2(R)=2R$. We
find the late time attractor solution for the model and show that this model
has a late time accelerating epoch and an acceptable matter era.


title:
Electronic structure of the BaTi$_2$As$_2$O parent compound of the
  titanium based oxypnictide superconductor

abstract:
  The electronic structure of BaTi2As2O, a parent compound of the newly
discovered titanium-based oxypnictide superconductors, is studied by
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The electronic structure shows
multi-orbital nature and possible three-dimensional character. An anomalous
temperature-dependent spectral weight redistribution and broad lineshape
indicate the incoherent nature of the spectral function. At the
density-wave-like transition temperature around 200 K, a partial gap opens at
the Fermi patches. These findings suggest that BaTi2As2O is likely a charge
density wave material in the strong interaction regime.


title: Reggeon Field Theory for Large Pomeron Loops

abstract:
  We analyze the range of applicability of the high energy Reggeon Field Theory
$H_{RFT}$ derived in [1]. We show that this theory is valid as long as at any
intermediate value of rapidity $\eta$ throughout the evolution at least one of
the colliding objects is dilute. Importantly, at some values of $\eta$ the
dilute object could be the projectile, while at others it could be the target,
so that $H_{RFT}$ does not reduce to either $H_{JIMWLK}$ or $H_{KLWMIJ}$. When
both objects are dense, corrections to the evolution not accounted for in [1]
become important. The same limitation applies to other approaches to high
energy evolution available today, such as for example [3] and [4]. We also show
that, in its regime of applicability $H_{RFT}$ can be simplified. We derive the
simpler version of $H_{RFT}$ and in the large $N_c$ limit rewrite it in terms
of the Reggeon creation and annihilation operators. The resulting $H_{RFT}$ is
explicitly self dual and provides the generalization of the Pomeron calculus
developed in [4] by including higher Reggeons in the evolution. It is
applicable for description of `large' Pomeron loops, namely Reggeon graphs
where all the splittings occur close in rapidity to one dilute object
(projectile), while all the merging close to the other one (target).
Additionally we derive, in the same regime expressions for single and double
inclusive gluon production (where the gluons are not separated by a large
rapidity interval) in terms of the Reggeon degrees of freedom.


title: Model approximations for relative homological algebra

abstract:
  Recently, Chach\'olski, Neeman, Pitsch, and Scherer studied, in a series of
three papers, model approximations for the unbounded category of cochain
complexes over a commutative ring. These approximations allow to construct
relative injective resolutions with respect to particular choices of
injectives. In this paper we define similar model approximations for cochain
complexes on general Grothendieck categories generalizing the previous
constructions and reaching a better understanding of the whole picture.


title:
The impact of JPEG2000 lossy compression on the scientific quality of
  radio astronomy imagery

abstract:
  The sheer volume of data anticipated to be captured by future radio
telescopes, such as, The Square Kilometer Array (SKA) and its precursors
present new data challenges, including the cost and technical feasibility of
data transport and storage. Image and data compression are going to be
important techniques to reduce the data size. We provide a quantitative
analysis of the effects of JPEG2000's lossy wavelet image compression algorithm
on the quality of the radio astronomy imagery data. This analysis is completed
by evaluating the completeness, soundness and source parameterisation of the
Duchamp source finder using compressed data. Here we found the JPEG2000 image
compression has the potential to denoise image cubes, however this effect is
only significant at high compression rates where the accuracy of source
parameterisation is decreased.


title: The MARTE VNIR Imaging Spectrometer Experiment: Design and Analysis

abstract:
  We report on the design, operation, and data analysis methods employed on the
VNIR imaging spectrometer instrument that was part of the Mars Astrobiology
Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE). The imaging spectrometer is a
hyperspectral scanning pushbroom device sensitive to VNIR wavelengths from
400-1000 nm. During the MARTE project, the spectrometer was deployed to the Rio
Tinto region of Spain. We analyzed subsets of 3 cores from Rio Tinto using a
new band modeling technique. We found most of the MARTE drill cores to contain
predominantly goethite, though spatially coherent areas of hematite were
identified in Core 23. We also distinguished non Fe-bearing minerals that were
subsequently analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and found to be primarily
muscovite. We present drill core maps that include spectra of goethite,
hematite, and non Fe-bearing minerals.


title:
Mobile Services and ICT4D, To the Network Economy - Bridging the Digital
  Divide, Ethiopia's Case

abstract:
  This paper presents a development paradigm for Ethiopia, based on appropriate
services and innovative use of mobile communications technologies via
applications tailored for sectors like business, finance, healthcare,
governance, education and infotainment. The experience of other developing
countries like India and Kenya is cited so as to adapt those to the Ethiopian
context. Notable application areas in the aforementioned sectors have been
outlined. The ETC 'next generation network' is taken into consideration, with
an emphasis on mobile service offering by the Telco itself and/or third party
service providers. In addition, enabling technologies like mobile internet,
location-based systems, open interfaces to large telecom networks, specifically
service-oriented architecture (SOA), Parlay/JAIN and the like are discussed.
The paper points out possible endeavors by such stakeholders like: telecom
agencies and network operators; businesses, government and NGOs; entrepreneurs
and innovators; technology companies and professionals; as well as researchers
and academic institutions. ICT4D through mobile services and their role in
bridging the digital divide by building a virtual 'network economy' is
presented.


title: On Performance of Logical-Clustering Of Flow-Sensors

abstract:
  In state-of-the-art Pervasive Computing, it is envisioned that unlimited
access to information will be facilitated for anyone and anything. Wireless
sensor networks will play a pivotal role in the stated vision. This reflects
the phenomena where any situation can be sensed and analyzed anywhere. It makes
heterogeneous context ubiquitous. Clustering context is one of the techniques
to manage ubiquitous context information efficiently to maximize its potential.
Logical-clustering is useful to share real-time context where sensors are
physically distributed but logically clustered. This paper investigates the
network performance of logical-clustering based on ns-3 simulations. In
particular reliability, scalability, and reachability in terms of delay,
jitter, and packet loss for the logically clustered network have been
investigated. The performance study shows that jitter demonstrates 40 % and 44
% fluctuation for 200 % increase in the node per cluster and 100 % increase in
the cluster size respectively. Packet loss exhibits only 18 % increase for 83 %
increase in the packet flow-rate.


title:
Conceptual Framework for Internet of Things' Virtualization via OpenFlow
  in Context-aware Networks

abstract:
  A novel conceptual framework is presented in this paper with an aim to
standardize and virtualize Internet of Things(IoT) infrastructure through
deploying OpenFlow technology. The framework can receivee services based on
context information leaving the current infrastructure unchanged. This
framework allows the active collaboration of heterogeneous devices and
protocols. Moreover it is capable to model placement of physical objects,
manage the system and to collect information for services deployed on an IoT
infrastructure. Our proposed IoT virtualization is applicable to a random
topology scenario which makes it possible to 1) share flow sensors resources 2)
establish multioperational sensor networks, and 3) extend reachability within
the framework without establishing any further physical networks. Flow sensors
achieve better results comparable to the typical sensors with respect to packet
generation, reachability, simulation time, throughput, energy consumption point
of view. Even better results are possible through utilizing multicast groups in
large scale networks.


title: Falsifying Cosmological Constant

abstract:
  One of the main goals of physical cosmology is to reconstruct the expansion
history of the universe and finding the actual model of dark energy. In this
article I review the difficulties of understanding dark energy and discuss
about two strategic approaches, 'reconstructing dark energy' and 'falsifying
dark energy models'. While one can use the data to reconstruct the expansion
history of the universe and the properties of dark energy using novel
approaches, considering the data limitations and its uncertainties we have to
deal with cosmographic degeneracies that makes it difficult to distinguish
between different dark energy models. On the other hand one can use the power
of the data to falsify an assumed model using advanced statistical techniques.
Within all these issues, focusing on falsification of cosmological constant has
a particular importance since finding any significant deviation from $\Lambda$
would result to a break through in theoretical physics, ruling out the standard
concordance model of cosmology.


title:
Charging of Heated Colloidal Particles Using the Electrolyte Seebeck
  Effect

abstract:
  We propose a novel actuation mechanism for colloids, which is based on the
Seebeck effect of the electrolyte solution: Laser heating of a nonionic
particle accumulates in its vicinity a net charge Q, which is proportional to
the excess temperature at the particle surface. The corresponding long-range
thermoelectric field provides a tool for controlled interactions with nearby
beads or with additional molecular solutes. An external field Eext drags the
thermocharged particle at a velocity that depends on its size and absorption
properties; the latter point could be particularly relevant for separating
carbon nanotubes according to their electronic band structure.


title:
The Quantum Transport of Pyrene and its Silicon-Dopped Variant: A
  DFT-NEGF Approach

abstract:
  The quantum conductance properties of pyrene molecule and its silicone-doped
variant between semi-infinite aluminum nano-chains have been investigated by
using the density functional theory (DFT) combined with the non-equilibrium
Green function (NEGF) method. Electronic transport computations have been
carried out in the bias voltage range valued from 0.0 to +2.0 V divided by 0.1
V step-sized intervals and under the gate potentials including -3.0, 0.0 and
+3.0 V. The Current-bias curves at the considered bias and gates potential show
regions with negative differential resistance (NDR). The effects of the
variations of the gates on the NDR characteristics including the number of NDR
peaks, bias range and current maxima's at the peak have been discussed and the
potential applicability of the devices as nano-switches and multi-nanoswitches
have been discussed. The transmission spectrum along with the density of states
(DOS) and projected DOS (PDOS) have also been presented and transmission
variations has been discussed in terms of the DOS and PDOS variations.Quantum
conductance at zero bias versus gate potential has been also presented and
discussed.


title: Daubechies Wavelets for Linear Scaling Density Functional Theory

abstract:
  We demonstrate that Daubechies wavelets can be used to construct a minimal
set of optimized localized contracted basis functions in which the Kohn-Sham
orbitals can be represented with an arbitrarily high, controllable precision.
Ground state energies and the forces acting on the ions can be calculated in
this basis with the same accuracy as if they were calculated directly in a
Daubechies wavelets basis, provided that the amplitude of these contracted
basis functions is sufficiently small on the surface of the localization
region, which is guaranteed by the optimization procedure described in this
work. This approach reduces the computational costs of DFT calculations, and
can be combined with sparse matrix algebra to obtain linear scaling with
respect to the number of electrons in the system. Calculations on systems of
10,000 atoms or more thus become feasible in a systematic basis set with
moderate computational resources. Further computational savings can be achieved
by exploiting the similarity of the contracted basis functions for closely
related environments, e.g. in geometry optimizations or combined calculations
of neutral and charged systems.


title: Gaussian maps and generic vanishing I: subvarieties of abelian varieties

abstract:
  We present an approach to Green-Lazarsfeld's generic vanishing combining
gaussian maps and the Fourier-Mukai transform associated to the Poincar\`e line
bundle. As an application we prove the Generic Vanishing Theorem for all normal
Cohen-Macaulay subvarieties of abelian varieties over an algebraically closed
field. This paper is a reworking of part of arXiv:math/0310026v2 [math.AG],
which contained a mistake.


title: Open Problems in Applying Random-Matrix Theory to Nuclear Reactions

abstract:
  Problems in applying random-matrix theory (RMT) to nuclear reactions arise in
two domains. To justify the approach, statistical properties of isolated
resonances observed experimentally must agree with RMT predictions. That
agreement is less striking than would be desirable. In the implementation of
the approach, the range of theoretically predicted observables is too narrow.


title: Securing Smartphones: A Micro-TCB Approach

abstract:
  As mobile phones have evolved into `smartphones', with complex operating
systems running third- party software, they have become increasingly vulnerable
to malicious applications (malware). We introduce a new design for mitigating
malware attacks against smartphone users, based on a small trusted computing
base module, denoted uTCB. The uTCB manages sensitive data and sensors, and
provides core services to applications, independently of the operating system.
The user invokes uTCB using a simple secure attention key, which is pressed in
order to validate physical possession of the device and authorize a sensitive
action; this protects private information even if the device is infected with
malware. We present a proof-of-concept implementation of uTCB based on ARM's
TrustZone, a secure execution environment increasingly found in smartphones,
and evaluate our implementation using simulations.


title: On homology 3-spheres defined by two knots

abstract:
  We show that if each of $K_1$ and $K_2$ is a trefoil knot or figure eight
knot, the homology 3-sphere defined by the Kirby diagram which is a simple link
of $K_1$ and $K_2$ with framing (0, n) is represented by an n-twisted Whitehead
double of $K_2$ .


title: Optimal Control of Effective Hamiltonians

abstract:
  We present a systematic scheme for optimization of quantum simulations.
Specifically, we show how polychromatic driving can be used to significantly
improve the driving of Raman transitions in the Lambda system, which opens new
possibilities for controlled driven-induced effective dynamics.


title: Transport in Charged Colloids Driven by Thermoelectricity

abstract:
  We study the thermal diffusion coefficient DT of a charged colloid in a
temperature gradient, and find that it is to a large extent determined by the
thermoelectric response of the electrolyte solution. The thermally induced
salinity gradient leads in general to a strong increase with temperature. The
difference of the heat of transport of coions and counterions gives rise to a
thermoelectric field that drives the colloid to the cold or to the warm,
depending on the sign of its charge. Our results provide an explanation for
recent experimental findings on thermophoresis in colloidal suspensions.


title:
New accurate measurement of 36ArH+ and 38ArH+ ro-vibrational transitions
  by high resolution IR absorption spectroscopy

abstract:
  The protonated Argon ion, $^{36}$ArH$^{+}$, has been identified recently in
the Crab Nebula (Barlow et al. 2013) from Herschel spectra. Given the
atmospheric opacity at the frequency of its $J$=1-0 and $J$=2-1 rotational
transitions (617.5 and 1234.6 GHz, respectively), and the current lack of
appropriate space observatories after the recent end of the Herschel mission,
future studies on this molecule will rely on mid-infrared observations. We
report on accurate wavenumber measurements of $^{36}$ArH$^{+}$ and
$^{38}$ArH$^{+}$ rotation-vibration transitions in the $v$=1-0 band in the
range 4.1-3.7 $\mu$m (2450-2715 cm$^{-1}$). The wavenumbers of the $R$(0)
transitions of the $v$=1-0 band are 2612.50135$\pm$0.00033 and
2610.70177$\pm$0.00042 cm$^{-1}$ ($\pm3\sigma$) for $^{36}$ArH$^{+}$ and
$^{38}$ArH$^{+}$, respectively. The calculated opacity for a gas thermalized at
a temperature of 100 K and a linewidth of 1 km.s$^{-1}$ of the $R$(0) line is
$1.6\times10^{-15}\times N$($^{36}$ArH$^+$). For column densities of
$^{36}$ArH$^+$ larger than $1\times 10^{13}$ cm$^{-2}$, significant absorption
by the $R$(0) line can be expected against bright mid-IR sources.


title: Dirac Tori

abstract:
  We consider conformal immersions $f: T^2\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^3$ with the
property that $H^2 f^*g_{\mathbb{R}^3}$ is a flat metric. These so called Dirac
tori have the property that its Willmore energy is uniformly distributed over
the surface and can be obtained using spin transformations of the plane by
eigenvectors of the standard Dirac operator for a fixed eigenvalue. We classify
Dirac tori and determine the conformal classes realized by them. We want to
note that the spinors of Dirac tori satisfies the same system of PDE's as the
differential of Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian tori in $\mathbb{R}^4$. These
were classified in [5] .


title: Network Risk and Forecasting Power in Phase-Flipping Dynamical Networks

abstract:
  In order to model volatile real-world network behavior, we analyze
phase-flipping dynamical scale-free network in which nodes and links fail and
recover. We investigate how stochasticity in a parameter governing the recovery
process affects phase-flipping dynamics, and find the probability that no more
than q% of nodes and links fail. We derive higher moments of the fractions of
active nodes and active links, $f_n(t)$ and $f_{\ell}(t)$, and define two
estimators to quantify the level of risk in a network. We find hysteresis in
the correlations of $f_n(t)$ due to failures at the node level, and derive
conditional probabilities for phase-flipping in networks. We apply our model to
economic and traffic networks.