title:
Alternative Scenarios of Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions: I. Baryon
  Stopping

abstract:
  Simulations of relativistic heavy-ion collisions within the three-fluid model
employing a purely hadronic equation of state (EoS) and two versions of the EoS
involving deconfinement transition are presented. The latter are an EoS with
the first-order phase transition and that with a smooth crossover transition.
The model setup is described in detail. The analysis is performed in a wide
range of incident energies 2.7 GeV $< \sqrt{s_{NN}} <$ 39 GeV in terms of the
center-of-mass energy. Results on proton and net-proton rapidity distributions
are reported. Comparison with available data indicate certain preference of the
crossover EoS. It is found that predictions within deconfinement-transition
scenarios exhibit a "peak-dip-peak-dip" irregularity in the incident energy
dependence of the form of the net-proton rapidity distributions in central
collisions. This irregularity is a signal of deconfinement onset occurring in
the hot and dense stage of the nuclear collision.


title: Linear Superposition for a Large Number of Nonlinear Equations

abstract:
  We demonstrate a kind of linear superposition for a large number of nonlinear
equations, both continuum and discrete. In particular, we show that whenever a
nonlinear equation admits solutions in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions
$\cn(x,m)$ and $\dn(x,m)$, then it also admits solutions in terms of their sum
as well as difference, i.e. $\dn(x,m) \pm \sqrt{m}\, \cn(x,m)$. Further, we
also show that whenever a nonlinear equation admits a solution in terms of
$\dn^2(x,m)$, it also has solutions in terms of $\dn^2(x,m) \pm \sqrt{m}\,
\cn(x,m)\, \dn(x,m)$ even though $\cn(x,m)\, \dn(x,m)$ is not a solution of
that nonlinear equation. Finally, we obtain similar superposed solutions in
coupled theories.


title: Shifted orbifold models with magnetic flux

abstract:
  We propose a mechanism to obtain the generation of matter in the standard
model. We start from the analysis of the $T^2/Z_N$ shifted orbifold with
magnetic flux, which imposes a $Z_N$ symmetry on torus. We also consider
several orbifolds such as $(T^2\times T^2)/Z_N$, $(T^2 \times T^2 \times
T^2)/(Z_N \times Z_{N'})$ and $(T^2 \times T^2 \times T^2)/(Z_N \times Z_{N'}
\times Z_{N"})$. On such orbifolds, we study the behavior of fermions in two
different means, one is the operator formalism and the other is to analyze wave
functions explicitly. For an interesting result, it is found that the number of
zero-mode fermions is related to $N$ of the $Z_N$ symmetry. In other words, the
generation of matter relates to the type of orbifolds. Moreover, we find that
shifted orbifold models to realize three generations are, in general, severely
restricted. For example, the three-generation model on the type of $M^4 \times
(T^2 \times T^2)/Z_N$ is unique. One can also construct other types of
three-generation orbifold models with rich flavor structure. Those results may
bring us a realistic model with desired Yukawa structure.


title: Toward engineered quantum many-body phonon systems

abstract:
  Arrays of coupled phonon cavities each including an impurity qubit in silicon
are considered. We study experimentally feasible architectures that can exhibit
quantum many-body phase transitions of phonons, e.g. Mott insulator and
superfluid states, due to a strong phonon-phonon interaction (which is mediated
by the impurity qubit-cavity phonon coupling). We investigate closed
equilibrium systems as well as driven dissipative non-equilibrium systems at
zero and non-zero temperatures. Our results indicate that quantum many-body
phonon systems are achievable both in on-chip nanomechanical systems in silicon
and distributed Bragg reflector phonon cavity heterostructures in
silicon-germanium. Temperature and driving field are shown to play a critical
role in achieving these phonon superfluid and insulator states, results that
are also applicable to polariton systems. Experimental procedures to detect
these states are also given. Cavity-phoniton systems enable strong
phonon-phonon interactions as well as offering long wavelengths for forming
extended quantum states; they may have some advantage in forming truly quantum
many-body mechanical states as compared to other optomechanical systems.


title:
Asymmetry in the neutrino and anti-neutrino reactions in a nuclear
  medium

abstract:
  We study the effect of the density-dependent axial and vector form factors on
the electro-neutrino ($\nu_e$) and anti-neutrino $({\bar \nu}_e)$ reactions for
a nucleon in nuclear matter or in $^{12}$C. The nucleon form factors in free
space are presumed to be modified for a bound nucleon in a nuclear medium. We
adopt the density-dependent form factors calculated by the quark-meson coupling
(QMC) model, and apply them to the $\nu_e$ and ${\bar \nu}_e$ induced reactions
with the initial energy $E = $ 8 $\sim$ 80 MeV. We find that the total
${\nu}_e$ cross sections on $^{12}$C as well as a nucleon in nuclear matter are
reduced by about 5% at the nuclear saturation density, $\rho_0$. This reduction
is caused by the modification of the nucleon structure in matter. Although the
density effect for both cases is relatively small, it is comparable with the
effect of Coulomb distortion on the outgoing lepton in the $\nu$-reaction. In
contrast, the density effect on the ${\bar \nu}_e$ reaction reduces the cross
section significantly in both nuclear matter and $^{12}$C cases, and the amount
maximally becomes of about 35% around $\rho_0$. Such large asymmetry in the
$\nu_e$ and ${\bar \nu}_e$ cross sections, which seems to be nearly independent
of the target, is originated from the difference in the helicities of ${\bar
\nu}_e$ and ${\nu}_e$. It is expected that the asymmetry influences the
r-process and also the neutrino-process nucleosynthesis in core-collapse
supernovae.


title:
Remote Energetic Neutral Atom Imaging of Electric Potential Over a Lunar
  Magnetic Anomaly

abstract:
  The formation of electric potential over lunar magnetized regions is
essential for understanding fundamental lunar science, for understanding the
lunar environment, and for planning human exploration on the Moon. A large
positive electric potential was predicted and detected from single point
measurements. Here, we demonstrate a remote imaging technique of electric
potential mapping at the lunar surface, making use of a new concept involving
hydrogen neutral atoms derived from solar wind. We apply the technique to a
lunar magnetized region using an existing dataset of the neutral atom energy
spectrometer SARA/CENA on Chandrayaan-1. Electrostatic potential larger than
+135 V inside the Gerasimovic anomaly is confirmed. This structure is found
spreading all over the magnetized region. The widely spread electric potential
can influence the local plasma and dust environment near the magnetic anomaly.


title:
Spatial heterogeneity in the radiogenic activity of the lunar interior:
  Inferences from CHACE and LLRI on Chandrayaan-1

abstract:
  In the past, clues on the potential radiogenic activity of the lunar interior
have been obtained from the isotopic composition of noble gases like Argon.
Excess Argon (40) relative to Argon (36), as compared to the solar wind
composition, is generally ascribed to the radiogenic activity of the lunar
interior. Almost all the previous estimates were based on, 'on-the-spot'
measurements from the landing sites. Relative concentration of the isotopes of
40Ar and 36Ar along a meridian by the Chandra's Altitudinal Composition
Explorer (CHACE) experiment, on the Moon Impact Probe (MIP) of India's first
mission to Moon, has independently yielded clues on the possible spatial
heterogeneity in the radiogenic activity of the lunar interior in addition to
providing indicative 'antiquity' of the lunar surface along the ground track
over the near side of the moon. These results are shown to broadly corroborate
the independent topography measurements by the Lunar Laser Ranging Instrument
(LLRI) in the main orbiter Chandrayaan-1. The unique combination of these
experiments provided high spatial resolution data while indicating the possible
close linkages between the lunar interior and the lunar ambience.

categories: physics.space-ph astro-ph.EP physics.atom-ph physics.geo-ph


title:
Theoretical Study of Pest Control Using Stage Structured Natural Enemies
  with Maturation Delay: A Crop-Pest-Natural Enemy Model

abstract:
  In the natural world, there are many insect species whose individual members
have a life history that takes them through two stages, immature and mature.
Moreover, the rates of survival, development, and reproduction almost always
depend on age, size, or development stage. Keeping this in mind, in this paper,
a three species crop-pest-natural enemy food chain model with two stages for
natural enemies is investigated. Using characteristic equations, a set of
sufficient conditions for local asymptotic stability of all the feasible
equilibria is obtained. Moreover, using approach as in (Beretta and Kuang,
2002), the possibility of the existence of a Hopf bifurcation for the interior
equilibrium with respect to maturation delay is explored, which shows that the
maturation delay plays an important role in the dynamical behavior of three
species system. Also obtain some threshold values of maturation delay for the
stability-switching of the particular system. In succession, using the normal
form theory and center manifold argument, we derive the explicit formulas which
determine the stability and direction of bifurcating periodic solutions.
Finally, a numerical simulation for supporting the theoretical analysis is
given.


title: Charmed Baryon Spectroscopy from lattice QCD for $N_f = 2 + 1$ flavours

abstract:
  In recent years, several charmed baryons have been discovered, with more
states likely to be found in the future. We investigate the spectra of singly
and doubly charmed baryons on the lattice. The spin J=1/2 and J=3/2 states are
calculated for both positive and negative parity.


title: More on the Terwilliger algebra of Johnson schemes

abstract:
  In [F. Levstein, C. Maldonado, The Terwilliger algebra of the Johnson
schemes, Discrete Math. 307 (2007) 1621--1635], the Terwilliger algebra of the
Johnson scheme $J(n,d)$ was determined when $n\geq 3d$. In this paper, we
determine the Terwilliger algebra ${\mathcal T}$ for the remaining case $2d\leq
n<3d$.


title: Left-symmetric Structures on Complex Simple Lie Superalgebras

abstract:
  A well-known fact is that there does not exist any compatible left-symmetric
structures on a finite-dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra (see
\cite{Chu1974}). This result is not valid in semisimple Lie superalgebra case.
In this paper, we study the compatible Left-symmetric superalgebra (LSSA for
short) structures on complex simple Lie superalgebras. We prove that there is
not any compatible LSSA structure on a finite-dimensional complex simple Lie
superalgebra except for the classical simple Lie superalgebra $A(m,n)(m\neq n)$
and Cartan simple Lie superalgebra $W(n)(n\geq 3)$. We also classify all
compatible LSSAs with a right-identity on A(0,1).


title: On Triple Lines and Cubic Curves --- the Orchard Problem revisited

abstract:
  Planar point sets with many triple lines (which contain at least three
distinct points of the set) have been studied for 180 years, started with
Jackson and followed by Sylvester. Green and Tao has shown recently that the
maximum possible number of triple lines for an n element set is [n(n - 3)/6] +
1. Here we address the related problem of describing the structure of the
asymptotically near-optimal configurations, i.e., of those for which the number
of straight lines, which go through three or more points, has a quadratic
(i.e., best possible) order of magnitude. We pose the problem whether such
point sets must always be related to cubic curves. To support this conjecture
we settle various special cases; some of them are also related to the
four-in-a-line problem of Erd\H{o}s.


title: Irreducible subshifts associated with $\tilde A_2$ buildings

abstract:
  Let $\Gamma$ be a group of type rotating automorphisms of a building $\cB$ of
type $\widetilde A_2$, and suppose that $\Gamma$ acts freely and transitively
on the vertex set of $\cB$. The apartments of $\cB$ are tiled by triangles,
labelled according to $\Gamma$-orbits. Associated with these tilings there is a
natural subshift of finite type, which is shown to be irreducible. The key
element in the proof is a combinatorial result about finite projective planes.


title: Strong singularity for subalgebras of finite factors

abstract:
  In this paper we develop the theory of strongly singular subalgebras of von
Neumann algebras, begun in earlier work. We mainly examine the situation of
type $\tto$ factors arising from countable discrete groups. We give simple
criteria for strong singularity, and use them to construct strongly singular
subalgebras. We particularly focus on groups which act on geometric objects,
where the underlying geometry leads to strong singularity.


title:
Features of charge transport in Mo/n-Si structures with a Shottky
  barrier

abstract:
  The forward and reverse current-voltage characteristics of the Mo/n-Si
Schottky barrier structures have been studied experimentally in the temperature
range 130-330 K. It is found that Shottky barrier height increases and time
ideality factor decreases with temperature increasing. The obtained results
have been analyzed in the framework of inhomogeneous contact model. The mean
and standart deviation of Shottky barrier heigh are determined: 0.872 V and
0.099 V at $=130-220 K and 0.656 V and 0.036 V at T=230-330 K respectively. It
is shown that at reverse bias the main processes of current flow are the
thermionic emission over an inhomogeneous barrier and tunneling.


title: Type III actions on boundaries of $\tilde A_n$ buildings

abstract:
  Let $\Gamma$ be a group of type rotating automorphisms of a building $\fX$ of
type $\tilde A_n$ and order $q$. Suppose that $\G$ acts freely and transitively
on the vertex set of $\fX$. Then the action of $\Gamma$ on the boundary of
$\fX$ is ergodic, of type $\tq$ or type $\tqs$ depending on whether $n$ is odd
or even.


title: Relativistic positioning systems: Perspectives and prospects

abstract:
  Relativistic positioning systems are interesting {\em technical objects} for
applications around the Earth and in the Solar system. But above all else, they
are basic {\em scientific objects} allowing developing relativity from its own
concepts. Some past and future features of relativistic positioning systems,
with special attention to the developments that they suggest for an {\em
epistemic relativity} (relativistic experimental approach to physics), are
analyzed. This includes {\em relativistic stereometry}, which, together with
relativistic positioning systems, allows to introduce the general relativistic
notion of (finite) {\em laboratory} (space-time region able to perform
experiments of finite size).


title: On the Nature of Unconfirmed Supernovae

abstract:
  We study the nature of 39 unconfirmed supernovae (SNe) from the sky area
covered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 8 (DR8), using
available photometric and imaging data and intensive literature search. We
confirm that 21 objects are real SNe, 2 are Galactic stars, 4 are probable SNe,
and 12 remain unconfirmed events. The probable types for 4 objects are
suggested: 3 SNe are of probable type Ia, and SN 1953H is probable type II SN.
In addition, we identify the host galaxy of SN 1976N and correct the
offsets/coordinates of SNe 1958E, 1972F, and 1976N.


title: Groups acting on products of trees, tiling systems and analytic K-theory

abstract:
  Let $T_1$ and $T_2$ be homogeneous trees of even degree $\ge 4$. A BM group
$\Gamma$ is a torsion free discrete subgroup of $\aut (T_1) \times \aut (T_2)$
which acts freely and transitively on the vertex set of $T_1 \times T_2$. This
article studies dynamical systems associated with BM groups. A higher rank
Cuntz-Krieger algebra $\mathcal A(\G)$ is associated both with a 2-dimensional
tiling system and with a boundary action of a BM group $\Gamma$. An explicit
expression is given for the K-theory of $\mathcal A(\G)$. In particular
$K_0=K_1$. A complete enumeration of possible BM groups $\G$ is given for a
product homogeneous trees of degree 4, and the K-groups are computed.


title:
Well-posedness and ill-posedness of the 3D generalized Navier-Stokes
  equations in Triebel-Lizorkin spaces

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the Cauchy problem of the 3-dimensional (3D)
generalized incompressible Navier-Stokes equations (gNS) in Triebel-Lizorkin
space $\dot{F}^{-\alpha,r}_{q_\alpha}(\mathbb{R}^3)$ with
$(\alpha,r)\in(1,5/4)\times[2,\infty]$ and $q_\alpha=\frac{3}{\alpha-1}$. Our
work establishes a {\it dichotomy} of well-posedness and ill-posedness
depending on $r=2$ or $r>2$. Specifically, by combining the new endpoint
bilinear estimates in $L^{q_\alpha}_x L^2_T$ with the characterization of
Triebel-Lizorkin space via fractional semigroup, we prove the well-posedness of
the gNS in $\dot{F}^{-\alpha,r}_{q_\alpha}(\mathbb{R}^3)$ for $r=2$. On the
other hand, for any $r>2$, we show that the solution to the gNS can develop
{\it norm inflation} in the sense that arbitrarily small initial data in the
spaces $\dot{F}^{-\alpha,r}_{q_\alpha}(\mathbb{R}^3)$ can lead the
corresponding solution to become arbitrarily large after an arbitrarily short
time. In particular, such dichotomy of Triebel-Lizorkin spaces is also true for
the classical N-S equations, i.e.\,\,$\alpha=1$. Thus the Triebel-Lizorkin
space framework naturally provides better connection between the well-known
Koch-Tataru's $BMO^{-1}$ well-posed work and Bourgain-Pavlovi\'c's
$\dot{B}_\infty^{-1,\infty}$ ill-posed work.


title:
Study of silicon photomultipliers for the readout of scintillator
  crystals in the proposed GRIPS \gamma-ray astronomy mission

abstract:
  Among the top priorities for high-energy astronomy in the coming decade are
sensitive surveys in the hard X-ray/soft \gamma-ray (10-600 keV) and
medium-energy \gamma-ray (0.2-80 MeV) bands. Historically, observations in the
soft and medium energy \gamma-ray bands have been conducted using detectors
based on inorganic scintillators read out by photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs).
These observations were limited by the modest energy and time resolution of
traditional scintillator materials (e.g. NaI and CsI), and by the demands on
mission resources imposed by the bulky, fragile, high-voltage PMTs. Recent
technological advances in the development of both new scintillator materials
(e.g. LaBr3:Ce, L(Y)SO) and new scintillation light readout devices (e.g.
Silicon Photo-Multipliers) promise to greatly improve the observational
capabilities of future scintillator-based \gamma--ray telescopes, while
retaining the relative simplicity, reliability, large collection volumes, and
low-cost of scintillator instruments. We present initial results of a study on
the use of silicon photomultipliers in the calorimeter module design of the
proposed GRIPS astrophysics mission.


title: Circular motion of asymmetric self-propelling particles

abstract:
  Micron-sized self-propelled (active) particles can be considered as model
systems for characterizing more complex biological organisms like swimming
bacteria or motile cells. We produce asymmetric microswimmers by soft
lithography and study their circular motion on a substrate and near channel
boundaries. Our experimental observations are in full agreement with a theory
of Brownian dynamics for asymmetric self-propelled particles, which couples
their translational and orientational motion.


title: Unified Modeling Language for Describing Business Value Chain Activities

abstract:
  With the market competition aggravating, it becomes necessary for market
players to adopt a business model which can adopt dynamic business changes. Any
enterprise has the possibility to win in the competition only when it forms the
strategic alliance with the upstream and downstream enterprise. This paper
articulates a way of using unified modelling language (UML) to develop business
value chain activities for any enterprise to develop dynamic, adhoc and agile
business model. The results show that the UML is useful in the development of
information systems and is independent of any programming language.


title:
Negative definite functions and a dynamical characterization of property
  (T) for countable groups

abstract:
  A class of negative definite kernels is defined in terms of measure spaces.
Using this concept, property (T) for a countable group $\G$ is characterized in
terms of measure preserving actions of $\G$, as follows. If a set $S$ is
translated a finite amount by any fixed element of $\G$, then there is a
uniform bound on how far $S$ is translated.


title: Crofton formulae and geodesic distance in hyperbolic spaces

abstract:
  The geodesic distance between points in real hyperbolic space is a
hypermetric, and hence is a kernel negative type. The proof given here uses an
integral formula for geodesic distance, in terms of a measure on the space of
hyperplanes. An analogous integral formula, involving the space of horospheres,
is given for complex hyperbolic space.By contrast geodesic distance in a
projective space is not of negative type.


title:
Univalence and convexity in one direction of the convolution of harmonic
  mappings

abstract:
  Let $\mathcal{H}$ denote the class of all complex-valued harmonic functions
$f$ in the open unit disk normalized by $f(0)=0=f_{z}(0)-1=f_{\bar{z}}(0)$, and
let $\mathcal{A}$ be the subclass of $\mathcal{H}$ consisting of normalized
analytic functions. For $\phi \in \mathcal{A}$, let
$\mathcal{W}_{H}^{-}(\phi):=\{f=h+\bar{g} \in \mathcal{H}:h-g=\phi\}$ and
$\mathcal{W}_{H}^{+}(\phi):=\{f=h+\bar{g} \in \mathcal{H}:h+g=\phi\}$ be
subfamilies of $\mathcal{H}$. In this paper, we shall determine the conditions
under which the harmonic convolution $f_1*f_2$ is univalent and convex in one
direction if $f_1 \in \mathcal{W}_{H}^{-}(z)$ and $f_2 \in
\mathcal{W}_{H}^{-}(\phi)$. A similar analysis is carried out if $f_1 \in
\mathcal{W}_{H}^{-}(z)$ and $f_2 \in \mathcal{W}_{H}^{+}(\phi)$. Examples of
univalent harmonic mappings constructed by way of convolution are also
presented.


title: Equidistribution from Fractals

abstract:
  We give a fractal-geometric condition for a measure on [0,1] to be supported
on points x that are normal in base n, i.e. such that the sequence x,nx,n^2
x,... equidistributes modulo 1. This condition is robust under C^1 coordinate
changes, and it applies also when n is a Pisot number and equidistribution is
understood with respect to the beta-map and Parry measure. As applications we
obtain new results (and strengthen old ones) about the prevalence of normal
numbers in fractal sets, and new results on measure rigidity, specifically
completing Host's theorem to multiplicatively independent integers and proving
a Rudolph-Johnson-type theorem for certain pairs of beta transformations.


title:
Primitive digraphs with large exponents and slowly synchronizing
  automata

abstract:
  We present several infinite series of synchronizing automata for which the
minimum length of reset words is close to the square of the number of states.
All these automata are tightly related to primitive digraphs with large
exponent.


title: Constant Communities in Complex Networks

abstract:
  Identifying community structure is a fundamental problem in network analysis.
Most community detection algorithms are based on optimizing a combinatorial
parameter, for example modularity. This optimization is generally NP-hard, thus
merely changing the vertex order can alter their assignments to the community.
However, there has been very less study on how vertex ordering influences the
results of the community detection algorithms. Here we identify and study the
properties of invariant groups of vertices (constant communities) whose
assignment to communities are, quite remarkably, not affected by vertex
ordering. The percentage of constant communities can vary across different
applications and based on empirical results we propose metrics to evaluate
these communities. Using constant communities as a pre-processing step, one can
significantly reduce the variation of the results. Finally, we present a case
study on phoneme network and illustrate that constant communities, quite
strikingly, form the core functional units of the larger communities.


title: Self-Duality from New Massive Gravity Holography

abstract:
  The holographic renormalization group (RG) flows in certain self-dual two
dimensional QFT's models are studied. They are constructed as holographic duals
to specific New Massive 3d Gravity (NMG) models coupled to scalar matter with
"partially self-dual" superpotentials. The standard holographic RG
constructions allow us to derive the exact form of their $\beta$- functions in
terms of the corresponding NMG's domain walls solutions. By imposing invariance
of the free energy, the central function and of the anomalous dimensions under
specific matter field's duality transformation, we have found the conditions on
the superpotentials of two different NMG's models, such that their dual 2d
QFT's are related by a simple strong-weak coupling transformation.


title:
The Hartogs extension phenomenon for holomorphic parabolic and reductive
  geometries

abstract:
  Every holomorphic effective parabolic or reductive geometry on a domain over
a Stein manifold extends uniquely to the envelope of holomorphy of the domain.
This result completes the open problems of my earlier paper on extension of
holomorphic geometric structures on complex manifolds. We use this result to
classify the Hopf manifolds which admit holomorphic reductive geometries, and
to classify the Hopf manifolds which admit holomorphic parabolic geometries.
Every Hopf manifold which admits a holomorphic parabolic geometry with a given
model admits a flat one. We classify flat holomorphic parabolic geometries on
Hopf manifolds.


title: Prediction by Random-Walk Perturbation

abstract:
  We propose a version of the follow-the-perturbed-leader online prediction
algorithm in which the cumulative losses are perturbed by independent symmetric
random walks. The forecaster is shown to achieve an expected regret of the
optimal order O(sqrt(n log N)) where n is the time horizon and N is the number
of experts. More importantly, it is shown that the forecaster changes its
prediction at most O(sqrt(n log N)) times, in expectation. We also extend the
analysis to online combinatorial optimization and show that even in this more
general setting, the forecaster rarely switches between experts while having a
regret of near-optimal order.


title:
Proceedings Fifth Workshop on Programming Language Approaches to
  Concurrency- and Communication-cEntric Software

abstract:
  PLACES 2012 (full title: Programming Language Approaches to Concurrency- and
Communication-Centric Software) is the fifth edition of the PLACES workshop
series. After the first PLACES, which was affiliated to DisCoTec in 2008, the
workshop has been part of ETAPS every year since 2009 and is now an established
part of the ETAPS satellite events. PLACES 2012 was held on 31st March in
Tallinn, Estonia.
  The workshop series was started in order to promote the application of novel
programming language ideas to the increasingly important problem of developing
software for systems in which concurrency and communication are intrinsic
aspects. This includes software for both multi-core systems and large-scale
distributed and/or service-oriented systems. The scope of PLACES includes new
programming language features, whole new programming language designs, new type
systems, new semantic approaches, new program analysis techniques, and new
implementation mechanisms.
  This year's call for papers attracted 17 submissions, from which the
programme committee selected 10 papers for presentation at the workshop. After
the workshop, all of the authors were invited to produce revised versions of
their papers for inclusion in the EPTCS proceedings. The authors of six papers
accepted the invitation, and those papers constitute the present volume.


title:
Removing the ISW-lensing bias from the local-form primordial
  non-Gaussianity estimation

abstract:
  The Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect produces a secondary temperature
anisotropy of CMB. The main contribution comes from z<2, where dark energy
leads to a decay of potentials. As the same photons are gravitationally lensed
by these decaying potentials, there exists a high degree of correlation between
the ISW effect and CMB lensing, leading to a non-zero three-point correlation
(bispectrum) of the observed temperature anisotropy. This ISW-lensing
bispectrum, whose shape resembles that of the so-called "local-form" primordial
bispectrum parametrized by fNL, is known to be the largest contamination of
fNL. In order to avoid a spurious detection of primordial non-Gaussianity, we
need to remove the ISW-lensing bias. In this work, we investigate three
debiasing methods: (I) subtraction of an expected, ensemble average of the
ISW-lensing bispectrum; (II) subtraction of a measured ISW-lensing bispectrum;
and (III) direct subtraction of an estimated ISW signal from an observed
temperature map. One may use an estimation of the ISW map from external non-CMB
data or that from the CMB data themselves. As the methods II and III are based
on fewer assumptions about the nature of dark energy, they are preferred over
the method I. While the methods I and II yield unbiased estimates of fNL with
comparable error bars, the method III yields a biased result when the
underlying primordial fNL is non-zero and the ISW map is estimated from a
lensing potential reconstructed from the observed temperature map. One of the
sources of the bias is a lensing reconstruction noise bias which is independent
of fNL and can be calculated precisely, but other fNL-dependent terms are
difficult to compute reliably. We thus conclude that the method II is the best,
model-independent way to remove the ISW-lensing bias of fNL, enabling us to
test the physics of inflation with smaller systematic errors.


title:
Equimultiplicity of topologically equisingular families of parametrized
  surfaces in $\mathbb C^3$

abstract:
  We provide a positive answer to Zariski's conjecture for families of singular
surfaces in $\mathbb C^3,$ under the condition that the family has a smooth
normalisation. As a corollary of the result, we obtain a surprising
characterization of the Whitney equisingularity of one parameter families of
$\mathcal A$ finitely determined map-germs $f_t: (\mathbb C^2,0) \to (\mathbb
C^3,0),$ in terms of the constancy of only one invariant, the Milnor number of
the double point locus.


title:
Subunit rotation in single FRET-labeled F1-ATPase hold in solution by an
  anti-Brownian electrokinetic trap

abstract:
  FoF1-ATP synthase catalyzes the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The F1 portion can be stripped from the membrane-embedded Fo portion of the
enzyme. F1 acts as an ATP hydrolyzing enzyme, and ATP hydrolysis is associated
with stepwise rotation of the gamma and epsilon subunits of F1. This rotary
motion was studied in great detail for the last 15 years using single F1 parts
attached to surfaces. Subunit rotation of gamma was monitored by
videomicroscopy of bound fluorescent actin filaments, nanobeads or nanorods, or
single fluorophores. Alternatively, we applied single-molecule F\"orster
resonance energy transfer (FRET) to monitor subunit rotation in the holoenzyme
FoF1-ATP synthase which was reconstituted in liposomes. Now we aim to extend
the observation times of single FRET-labeled F1 in solution using a modified
version of the anti-Brownian electrokinetic trap (ABELtrap) invented by A. E.
Cohen and W. E. Moerner. We used Monte Carlo simulations to reveal that
stepwise FRET efficiency changes can be analyzed by Hidden Markov Models even
at the limit of a low signal-to-background ratio that was expected due to high
background count rates caused by the microfluidics of the ABELtrap.


title:
Distribution and evolution of galaxy groups in the Ursa Major
  supercluster

abstract:
  We study an SDSS sample of galaxies within 50 Mpc of the nominal center of
the Ursa Major supercluster. Our aim is to study galaxy distribution around
groups in the supercluster and the link between the distribution of relaxed and
nonrelaxed galaxy systems with respect to the supercluster environment. Using
the FoF algorithm, 40 galaxy groups were identified in this region. We
classified the systems according to the results of normality and substructure
tests applied to member galaxies. Then, we studied the relative distribution of
relaxed and nonrelaxed systems across the supercluster. We find that 68% of
galaxy groups are Gaussian and that all the non-Gaussian systems have
substructures and probably correspond to multimodal systems in redshift space.
We also find that the Gaussian systems inhabit the denser regions of the
supercluster, with higher densities of both red and blue galaxies within 2.5
Mpc, and have smaller group-group pairwise separations. Our results suggest a
spatial segregation of dynamical states, where relaxed systems may have formed
and evolved earlier and faster around high-density peaks, while nonrelaxed
systems may be growing slower on the peripheries of lower density peaks. In
this picture, galaxy clustering seems to be prompting a continuous internal
evolution in the supercluster, with several groups collapsing into the more
evolved and contracted regions.


title: Allometry and Dissipation of Ecological Flow Networks

abstract:
  An ecological flow network is a weighted directed graph in which nodes are
species, edges are "who eats whom" relationships and weights are rates of
energy or nutrients transfer between species. Allometric scaling is a
ubiquitous feature for flow systems like river basins, vascular networks and
food webs. By "ecological network analysis" method, we can reveal the hidden
allometry directly on the original flow networks without cutting edges. On the
other hand, dissipation law, which is another significant scaling relationship
between the energy dissipation (respiration) and the throughflow of any species
is also discovered on the collected flow networks. Interestingly, the exponents
of allometric law ($\eta$) and the dissipation law ($\gamma$) have a strong
connection for both empirical and simulated flow networks. The dissipation law
exponent $\gamma$ rather than the topology of the network is the most important
ingredient to the allometric exponent $\eta$. By reinterpreting $\eta$ as the
inequality of species impacts (direct and indirect influences) to the whole
network along all energy flow pathways but not the energy transportation
efficiency, we found that as $\gamma$ increases, the relative energy loss of
large nodes (with high throughflow) increases, $\eta$ decreases, and the
inequality of the whole flow network as well as the relative importance of
large species decreases. Therefore, flow structure and thermodynamic constraint
are connected.


title: The nonlinear heat equation on dense graphs and graph limits

abstract:
  We use the combination of ideas and results from the theory of graph limits
and nonlinear evolution equations to provide a rigorous mathematical
justification for taking continuum limit for certain nonlocally coupled
networks and to extend this method to cover many complex networks, for which it
has not been applied before. Specifically, for dynamical networks on convergent
sequences of simple and weighted graphs, we prove convergence of solutions of
the initial-value problems for discrete models to those of the limiting
continuous equations. In addition, for sequences of simple graphs converging to
{0, 1}-valued graphons, it is shown that the convergence rate depends on the
fractal dimension of the boundary of the support of the graph limit. These
results are then used to study the regions of continuity of chimera states and
the attractors of the nonlocal Kuramoto equation on certain multipartite
graphs. Furthermore, the analytical tools developed in this work are used in
the rigorous justification of the continuum limit for networks on random graphs
that we undertake in a companion paper (Medvedev, 2013).
  As a by-product of the analysis of the continuum limit on deterministic and
random graphs, we identify the link between this problem and the convergence
analysis of several classical numerical schemes: the collocation, Galerkin, and
Monte-Carlo methods. Therefore, our results can be used to characterize
convergence of these approximate methods of solving initial-value problems for
nonlinear evolution equations with nonlocal interactions.


title:
X-ray cross-correlation analysis of disordered systems: potentials and
  limitations

abstract:
  Angular x-ray cross-correlation analysis (XCCA) is an approach to study the
structure of disordered systems using the results of x-ray scattering
experiments. In this paper we summarize recent theoretical developments related
to the Fourier analysis of the cross-correlation functions. Results of our
simulations demonstrate the application of XCCA to two- and three-dimensional
(2D and 3D) disordered systems of particles. We show that the structure of a
single particle can be recovered using x-ray data collected from a 2D
disordered system of identical particles. We also demonstrate that valuable
structural information about the local structure of 3D systems, inaccessible
from a standard small-angle x-ray scattering experiment, can be resolved using
XCCA.


title: Quasilinear and singular elliptic systems

abstract:
  In this paper, we investigate a general quasilinear elliptic and singular
system. By monotonicity methods, we give some existence and uniqueness results.
Next, we give some applications to biological models.


title:
The nearby eclipsing stellar system delta Velorum - IV. Differential
  astrometry with VLT/NACO at the 100 microarcsecond level

abstract:
  Context. delta Vel contains the brightest eclipsing binary in the southern
sky (delta Vel A), and a nearby third star located ~0.6" away (delta Vel B).
The proximity of delta Vel B (usable as a reference) makes it a particularly
well-suited target to detect the astrometric displacement of the center of
light of the eclipsing pair. Aims. We obtained NACO astrometric observations
with two goals: (1) to confirm the orientation of the orbital plane of the
eclipsing pair on the sky determined by interferometry (Paper III) and (2)
demonstrate the capabilities of narrow-angle adaptive optics astrometry on a
simple system with predictable astrometric properties. Methods. We measured the
angular separation vector between the eclipsing binary delta Vel A and the
visual companion delta Vel B from narrow-band images at 2.17 microns obtained
with the VLT/NACO adaptive optics system. Based on these observations and our
previous determination of the orbital parameters of the wide binary delta Vel
A-B, we derive the apparent displacement of the center-of-light of the
eclipsing pair at 11 epochs over its orbital cycle. Results. We detect the
astrometric wobble of the center of light of the delta Vel A pair relatively to
B with a typical measurement precision of ~50 microarcseconds per epoch, for a
total amplitude of the measured displacement of ~2 milliarcseconds.
Conclusions. The detected wobble is in agreement with our model presented in
Paper III and confirms the orientation of the Aab orbital plane on the sky. The
residual dispersion compared to our model is 110 microarcseconds rms, that we
tentatively attribute to photometric variability of the fast rotating A-type
components Aa and/or Ab in the BrGamma line. Based on these results, we
conclude that in favorable conditions (bright source with only two resolved
components, small angular separation), narrow-angle astrometry with adaptive
optics on an 8-meter class telescope can reach an accuracy of 50 to 100
microarcseconds.


title:
A family of pseudo-Anosov braids whose super summit sets grow
  exponentially

abstract:
  We prove that the size of the super summit set of a braid can grow
exponentially with the canonical length of the braid, even for pseudo-Anosov
braids.


title: How to model marine reserves ?

abstract:
  The safeguarding of resources is one of the principal subjects of halieutics
studies. Among the solutions proposed to avert the disappearance of species,
the setting in place of no take reserves is often mentioned. Most work on this
subject, theoretical as well as applied, was undertaken in recent years. In
this paper, we seek to compare two different models presented in existing
literature by highlighting their underlying assumptions. Both models were
derived from what is often referred to as the "model of Schaefer-Clark"
(reference to the work of the last author on Mathematical Bioeconomics : Clark
[7]). We show that various variations of this model lead to properties that can
be very different.


title: Rate of convergence of the Nanbu particle system for hard potentials

abstract:
  We consider the (numerically motivated) Nanbu stochastic particle system
associated to the spatially homogeneous Boltzmann equation for true hard
potentials. We establish a rate of propagation of chaos of the particle system
to the unique solution of the Boltzmann equation. More precisely, we estimate
the expectation of the squared Wasserstein distance with quadratic cost between
the empirical measure of the particle system and the solution. The rate we
obtain is almost optimal as a function of the number of particles but is not
uniform in time.


title: Mixed Hodge Structures

abstract:
  With a basic knowledge of cohomology theory, the background necessary to
understand Hodge theory and polarization, Deligne's Mixed Hodge Structure on
cohomology of complex algebraic varieties is described.


title: Finite-Time Stabilization Of Systems Of Conservation Laws On Networks

abstract:
  We investigate the finite-time boundary stabilization of a 1-D first order
quasilinear hyperbolic system of diagonal form on [0,1]. The dynamics of both
boundary controls are governed by a finite-time stable ODE. The solutions of
the closed-loop system issuing from small initial data in Lip([0,1]) are shown
to exist for all times and to reach the null equilibrium state in finite time.
When only one boundary feedback law is available, a finite-time stabilization
is shown to occur roughly in a twice longer time. The above feedback strategy
is then applied to the Saint-Venant system for the regulation of water flows in
a network of canals.


title: Some remarks on the entropy for algebraic actions of amenable groups

abstract:
  In this short note we study the entropy for algebraic actions of certain
amenable groups. The possible values for this entropy are studied. Various
fundamental results about certain classes of amenable groups are reproved using
elementary arguments and the entropy invariant. We provide a natural
decomposition of the entropy into summands contributed by individual primes and
a summand corresponding to infinity. These results extend previous work by Lind
and Ward on p-adic entropy.


title: Variation Of Mixed Hodge Structures

abstract:
  Variation of mixed Hodge structures(VMHS), introduced by P. Deligne, is a
linear structure reflecting the geometry on cohomology of the fibers of an
algebraic family, generalizing variation of Hodge structures for smooth proper
families, introduced by P. Griffiths. Hence, it is a strong tool to study the
variation of the geometric structure of fibers of a morphism. We describe here
the degenerating properties of a VMHS of geometric origin and the existence of
a relative monodromy filtration, as well the definition and properties of
abstract admissible VMHS.


title: Word symmetric functions and the Redfield-P\'olya

abstract:
  We give noncommutative versions of the Redfield-P\'olya theorem in WSym, the
algebra of word symmetric functions, and in other related combinatorial Hopf
algebras.


title:
Same sign diboson signature from supersymmetry models with light
  higgsinos at the LHC

abstract:
  In supersymmetric models with light higgsinos (which are motivated by
electroweak naturalness arguments), the direct production of higgsino pairs may
be difficult to search for at LHC due to the low visible energy release from
their decays. However, the wino pair production reaction \tw_2^\pm\tz_4\to
(W^\pm\tz_{1,2})+(W^\pm\tw_1^\mp) also occurs at substantial rates and leads to
final states including equally opposite-sign (OS) and same-sign (SS) diboson
production. We propose a novel search channel for LHC14 based on the SS diboson
plus missing E_T final state which contains only modest jet activity. Assuming
gaugino mass unification, and an integrated luminosity > 100 fb^{-1}, this
search channel provides a reach for SUSY well beyond that from usual gluino
pair production.


title:
Odd-even staggerings on nuclear binding energy described by the
  covariant density functional theory

abstract:
  The odd-even staggerings (OES) on nuclear binding energies are studied
systematically within the covariant density functional (CDF) theories,
specifically the relativistic Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (RHFB) and the
relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov (RHB) theories. Taking the finite-range Gogny
force D1S as an effective pairing interaction, both CDF models can provide
appropriate descriptions on the OESs of nuclear binding energies for C, O, Ca,
Ni, Zr, Sn, Ce, Gd and Pb isotopes as well as for N=50 and 82 isotones.
However, due to the inconsistence between the non-relativistic pairing
interaction and the relativistic effective Lagrangians, there exist some
systematical discrepancies from the data, i.e., the underestimated OESs in
light C and O isotopes and the overestimated ones in heavy region,
respectively. Such discrepancies can be eliminated partially by introducing a
$Z$- or $N$-dependent strength factor into the pairing force Gogny D1S. In
addition, successful descriptions of the occupation numbers of Sn isotopes are
achieved with the optimized Gogny pairing force. Furthermore, the analysis of
the systematics of both pairing effects and nuclear binding energy indicate the
requirement of an unified relativistic mechanism in both p-p and p-h channels
to improve the quantitative precision of the theory.


title:
A Generalization of Calculus for Use with Continuous or Discrete
  Variables

abstract:
  This document introduces a generalization of calculus that treats both
continuous and discrete variables on an equal footing. This generalization of
calculus was developed independently of the "Calculus on Time Scales"
literature but may be seen to have interesting overlap with it as well as with
the "h-Calculus" of the book Quantum Calculus by V. Kac and P. Cheung. As in
the time scales literature, we first derive discrete analogues of all the
common continuous calculus functions with an eye to maintaining as much
similarity as possible between these discrete analogues and their continuous
forebears. For example, in order to maintain the crucial property that the
derivative of an exponential is a constant times itself, we replace the
continuous exponential, $e^{ax}$, with a discrete function, $e_{\Delta x}(a,x)
= [1+a \Delta x]^{x / \Delta x}$. Next, we develop a unified method of
evaluating integrals of discrete variables. We discover that summations such as
the Riemann Zeta Function, the Hurwitz Zeta Function, and the Digamma Function
frequently appear in evaluating such integrals. Thus, we subsume these
functions into a generalization of the natural logarithm, which we name
"$lnd(n,\Delta x,x)$", and evaluate many types of discrete variable integrals
in terms of it. We provide a computer program, LNDX, to evaluate the
$lnd(n,\Delta x,x)$ function. Then, we develop a theory of control system
analysis based on what we name a "$K_{\Delta x}$ Transform," which is related
to the well-known Z Transform but has advantages beyond it. In closing, we
highlight the fact that this document is structured somewhat like a textbook
with many sample problems and solutions in the hope that it will be readily
understood and found useful by those with even an undergraduate understanding
of calculus and control systems.


title: Lie solvable enveloping algebras of characteristic two

abstract:
  Lie solvable restricted enveloping algebras were characterized by Riley and
Shalev except when the ground field is of characteristic 2. We resolve the
characteristic 2 case here which completes the classification. As an
application of our result, we obtain a characterization of ordinary Lie
algebras over any field whose enveloping algebra is Lie solvable.


title:
An exact algorithm with the time complexity of $O^*(1.299^m)$ for the
  weighed mutually exclusive set cover problem

abstract:
  In this paper, we will introduce an exact algorithm with a time complexity of
$O^*(1.299^m)$ for the {\sc weighted mutually exclusive set cover} problem,
where $m$ is the number of subsets in the problem. This problem has important
applications in recognizing mutation genes that cause different cancer
diseases.


title:
Reduced absorption of light by metallic intra-cavity contacts: Tamm
  plasmon based laser mode engineering

abstract:
  It was widely accepted that embedding of metallic layers into optoelectronic
structures is detrimental to lasing due absorption in metal. However, recently
macroscopic optical coherence and lasing was observed in microcavities with
intra-cavity single metallic layer. Here we propose the design of the of
microcavity-type structure with two intra-cavity metallic layers which could
serve as contacts for electrical pumping. The design of optical modes based on
utilizing peculiarities of Tamm plasmon provides vanishing absorption due to
fixing of the node of electric field of optical mode to metallic layers.
Proposed design can be used for fabrication of vertical cavity lasers with
intra-cavity metallic contacts.


title:
On the second nilpotent quotient of higher homotopy groups, for
  hypersolvable arrangements

abstract:
  We examine the first non-vanishing higher homotopy group, $\pi_p$, of the
complement of a hypersolvable, non--supersolvable, complex hyperplane
arrangement, as a module over the group ring of the fundamental group,
$\Z\pi_1$. We give a presentation for the $I$--adic completion of $\pi_p$. We
deduce that the second nilpotent $I$--adic quotient of $\pi_p$ is determined by
the combinatorics of the arrangement, and we give a combinatorial formula for
the second associated graded piece, $\gr^1_I \pi_p$. We relate the torsion of
this graded piece to the dimensions of the minimal generating systems of the
Orlik--Solomon ideal of the arrangement $\A$ in degree $p+2$, for various field
coefficients. When $\A$ is associated to a finite simple graph, we show that
$\gr^1_I \pi_p$ is torsion--free, with rank explicitly computable from the
graph.


title:
Geometric solitons with vortex structures for some geometric flows from
  Minkowski spaces: part I

abstract:
  By a perturbation approach, we construct geometric solitons with various
vortex structures(vortex pairs, vortex rings) for some geometric flows(Wave
maps, Shr\"odinger flows) from Minkowski spaces to ${\mathbb S}^2\subset\R^3$.


title: Measuring Visual Complexity of Cluster-Based Visualizations

abstract:
  Handling visual complexity is a challenging problem in visualization owing to
the subjectiveness of its definition and the difficulty in devising
generalizable quantitative metrics. In this paper we address this challenge by
measuring the visual complexity of two common forms of cluster-based
visualizations: scatter plots and parallel coordinatess. We conceptualize
visual complexity as a form of visual uncertainty, which is a measure of the
degree of difficulty for humans to interpret a visual representation correctly.
We propose an algorithm for estimating visual complexity for the aforementioned
visualizations using Allen's interval algebra. We first establish a set of
primitive 2-cluster cases in scatter plots and another set for parallel
coordinatess based on symmetric isomorphism. We confirm that both are the
minimal sets and verify the correctness of their members computationally. We
score the uncertainty of each primitive case based on its topological
properties, including the existence of overlapping regions, splitting regions
and meeting points or edges. We compare a few optional scoring schemes against
a set of subjective scores by humans, and identify the one that is the most
consistent with the subjective scores. Finally, we extend the 2-cluster measure
to k-cluster measure as a general purpose estimator of visual complexity for
these two forms of cluster-based visualization.


title: Non-Matrix Polynomial identity enveloping algebras

abstract:
  Let L be a restricted Lie superalgebra with its restricted enveloping algebra
u(L) over a field F of characteristic p>2. A polynomial identity is called
non-matrix if it is not satisfied by the algebra of 2\times 2 matrices over F.
We characterize L when u(L) satisfies a non-matrix polynomial identity.


title:
A remark on the role of indeterminism and non-locality in the violation
  of Bell's inequality

abstract:
  Some years ago Aerts et al. presented a macroscopic model in which the amount
of non-locality and indeterminism could be continuously varied, and used it to
show that by increasing non-locality one increases, as expected, the degree of
violation of Bell's inequality (BI), whereas, more surprisingly, by increasing
indeterminism one decreases the degree of the violation of BI. In this note we
propose a different macroscopic model in which the amount of non-locality and
indeterminism can also be parameterized, and therefore varied, and we find
that, in accordance with the model of Aerts et al., an increase of non-locality
produces a stronger violation of BI. However, differently from their model, we
also find that, depending on the initial state in which the system is prepared,
an increase of indeterminism can either strengthen or weaken the degree of
violation of BI.


title: Electric Levitation Using Epsilon-Near-Zero Metamaterials

abstract:
  Levitation of objects with action at a distance has always been intriguing to
humans. Several ways to achieve this, such as aerodynamic, acoustic, or
electromagnetic methods, including radiation pressure, stable potential wells,
and quantum Casimir-Lifshitz forces, exist. A fascinating approach for
levitation is that of magnets over superconductors based on the Meissner effect
-the expulsion of the magnetic field by a superconductor. With the advent of
metamaterials -designed structures with electromagnetic properties that may not
be found in nature- we ask whether a material may be conceived exhibiting
similar field expulsion, but involving the electric field. We show how a
special subcategory of metamaterials, called epsilon-near-zero materials,
exhibits such electric classic analog to the Meissner effect, exerting a
repulsion on nearby sources. Repulsive forces using anisotropic and chiral
metamaterials have been investigated, but our proposal uses a different
mechanism based on field expulsion, and is very robust to both losses and
material dispersion.


title:
A Hamilton-Jacobi equation for the continuum limit of non-dominated
  sorting

abstract:
  We show that non-dominated sorting of a sequence of i.i.d. random variables
in Euclidean space has a continuum limit that corresponds to solving a
Hamilton-Jacobi equation involving the probability density function of the
random variables. Non-dominated sorting is a fundamental problem in
multi-objective optimization, and is equivalent to finding the canonical
antichain partition and to problems involving the longest chain among Euclidean
points. As an application of this result, we show that non-dominated sorting is
asymptotically stable under random perturbations in the data. We give a
numerical scheme for computing the viscosity solution of this Hamilton-Jacobi
equation and present some numerical simulations for various density functions.


title: QCD: Restoration of Chiral Symmetry and Deconfinement for Large N_f

abstract:
  Exploiting the recent lattice results for the infrared gluon propagator with
light dynamical quarks, we solve the gap equation for the quark propagator. We
thus model the chiral symmetry breaking mechanism with increasing number of
flavours and study confinement (intimately tied with the analytic properties of
QCD Schwinger functions) order parameters. We obtain, with this approach, clear
signals of chiral symmetry restoration and deconfinement when the number of
light quark flavors exceeds a critical value of $N_f^c \approx 8 \pm 1$, in
agreement with the state-of-the-art direct lattice analysis of chiral symmetry
restoration in QCD.


title:
CoRoT 101186644: A transiting low-mass dense M-dwarf on an eccentric
  20.7-day period orbit around a late F-star

abstract:
  We present the study of the CoRoT transiting planet candidate 101186644, also
named LRc01_E1_4780. Analysis of the CoRoT lightcurve and the HARPS
spectroscopic follow-up observations of this faint (m_V = 16) candidate
revealed an eclipsing binary composed of a late F-type primary (T_eff = 6090
+/- 200 K) and a low-mass, dense late M-dwarf secondary on an eccentric (e =
0.4) orbit with a period of ~20.7 days. The M-dwarf has a mass of 0.096 +/-
0.011 M_Sun, and a radius of 0.104 +0.026/-0.006 R_Sun, which possibly makes it
the smallest and densest late M-dwarf reported so far. Unlike the claim that
theoretical models predict radii that are 5%-15% smaller than measured for
low-mass stars, this one seems to have a radius that is consistent and might
even be below the radius predicted by theoretical models.


title: On Testing Independence and Goodness-of-fit in Linear Models

abstract:
  We consider a linear regression model and propose an omnibus test to
simultaneously check the assumption of independence between the error and the
predictor variables, and the goodness-of-fit of the parametric model. Our
approach is based on testing for independence between the residual obtained
from the parametric fit and the predictor using the Hilbert--Schmidt
independence criterion (Gretton et al. (2008)). The proposed method requires no
user-defined regularization, is simple to compute, based merely on pairwise
distances between points in the sample, and is consistent against all
alternatives. We develop distribution theory for the proposed test statistic,
both under the null and the alternative hypotheses, and devise a bootstrap
scheme to approximate its null distribution. We prove the consistency of the
bootstrap scheme. A simulation study shows that our method has better power
than its main competitors. Two real datasets are analyzed to demonstrate the
scope and usefulness of our method.


title: On the non-equivalence of two standard random walks

abstract:
  We focus on two models of nearest-neighbour random walks on d-dimensional
regular hyper-cubic lattices that are usually assumed to be identical - the
discrete-time Polya walk, in which the walker steps at each integer moment of
time, and the Montroll-Weiss continuous-time random walk in which the time
intervals between successive steps are independent, exponentially and
identically distributed random variables with mean 1. We show that while for
symmetric random walks both models indeed lead to identical behaviour in the
long time limit, when there is an external bias they lead to markedly different
behaviour.


title:
Novel and simple description for a smooth transition from
  $\alpha$-cluster wave functions to $jj$-coupling shell model wave functions

abstract:
  We propose an improved version of Antisymmetrized Quasi-Cluster Model (AQCM)
to describe a smooth transition from the $\alpha$-cluster wave function to the
$jj$-coupling shell model wave function and apply it to the ground state of
$^{12}$C. The cluster-shell transition in $^{12}$C is characterized in AQCM by
only two parameters: $R$ representing the distance between $\alpha$ clusters
and the center of mass, and $\Lambda$ describing the break of $\alpha$
clusters. The optimal AQCM wave function for the ground state of $^{12}$C is an
intermediate state between the three-$\alpha$ cluster state and the shell model
state with the $p_{3/2}$ subshell closure configuration. The result is
consistent with that of the Antisymmetrized Molecular Dynamics (AMD), and the
optimal AQCM wave function quantitatively agrees with the AMD one, although the
number of degrees of freedom in AQCM is significantly fewer.


title: From Sheaf Cohomology to the Algebraic de Rham Theorem

abstract:
  Let X be a smooth complex algebraic variety with the Zariski topology, and
let Y be the underlying complex manifold with the complex topology.
Grothendieck's algebraic de Rham theorem asserts that the singular cohomology
of Y with complex coefficients can be computed from the complex of sheaves of
algebraic differential forms on X. This article gives an elementary proof of
Grothendieck's algebraic de Rham theorem, elementary in the sense that we use
only tools from standard textbooks as well as Serre's FAC and GAGA papers.


title: Photonic structures with disorder immunity

abstract:
  Periodic and disordered media are known to possess different transport
properties, either classically or quantum-mechanically. This has been exhibited
by effects such as Anderson localization in systems with disorder and the
existence of photonic bandgaps in the periodic case. In this paper we analyze
the transport properties of disordered waveguides with corners at very low
frequencies, finding that the spectrum, conductance and wavefunctions are
immune to disorder. Our waveguides are constructed by means of randomly
oriented straight segments and connected by corners at right angles. Taking
advantage of a trapping effect that manifests in the corner of a bent
waveguide, we can show that a tight-binding approximation describes the system
reasonably well for any degree of disorder. This provides a wide set of
non-periodic geometries that preserve all the interesting transport properties
of periodic media.


title: Quantum Correlations in Field Theory and Integrable Systems

abstract:
  In this PhD thesis we investigate some properties of one-dimensional quantum
systems, focusing on two important aspects of integrable models: Their
entanglement properties at equilibrium and their dynamical correlators after a
quantum quench. The first part of the thesis will therefore be devoted to the
study of the entanglement entropy in one-dimensional integrable systems, with a
special focus on the XYZ spin-1/2 chain, which, in addition to being
integrable, is also an interacting theory with non perturbative solutions. We
derive its bipartite Renyi entropies in the thermodynamic limit and its
behaviour in different phases and for different values of the mass-gap is
analysed, both analytically and numerically. In particular it is worth
mentioning that the numerical analysis of the entropies of the XYZ model
presented in this dissertation has never been published in literature. In the
second part of the thesis we study the dynamics of correlators after a quantum
quench, preparing the system in a squeezed coherent initial state. The emphasis
will be on the Transverse Field Ising Chain and the O(3) non-linear sigma
model, the latter studied by means of the semi-classical theory, the former by
a form-factor approach. Moreover in the last chapter we outline a general
result about the dynamics of correlation functions of local observables after a
quantum quench. In particular we show that if there are not long-range
interactions in the final Hamiltonian, then the dynamics of the model at long
times (non equal- time correlations) is described by the same statistical
ensemble that describes its statical properties (equal-time correlations). For
the Transverse Field Ising Chain this result means that its dynamics is
described by a Generalized Gibbs Ensemble.


title:
Stanley depth of weakly polymatroidal ideals and squarefree monomial
  ideals

abstract:
  Let $I$ be a weakly polymatroidal ideal or a squarefree monomial ideal of a
polynomial ring $S$. In this paper we provide a lower bound for the Stanley
depth of $I$ and $S/I$. In particular we prove that if $I$ is a squarefree
monomial ideal which is generated in a single degree, then ${\rm sdepth}(I)\geq
n-\ell(I)+1$ and ${\rm sdepth}(S/I)\geq n-\ell(I)$, where $\ell(I)$ denotes the
analytic spread of $I$. This proves a conjecture of the author in a special
case.


title:
Analytical expressions for primary Bjerknes force on inertial cavitation
  bubbles

abstract:
  The primary Bjerknes force is responsible for the quick translational motion
of radially oscillating bubbles in a sound field. The problem is classical in
the case of small-amplitude oscillations, for which an analytical expression of
the force can be easily obtained, and predicts attraction of sub- resonant
bubbles by pressure antinodes. But for high-amplitude sound fields, the bubbles
undergo large amplitude nonlinear oscillations, so that no analytical
expression of the force is available in this case. The bubble dynamics is
approximated on physical grounds, following the method of Hilgenfeldt et al.
[J. Fluid Mech., 365, 171 (1998)], but carefully accounting for surface
tension. The analytical expression of the maximum radius of the bubble is
recovered, the time of maximum expansion is noticeably refined, and an
estimation of the collapse-time is found. An analytical expression for the
time-varying bubble volume is deduced, and the Bjerknes force is obtained in
closed form. The result is valid for any shape of the sound field, including
purely standing or purely traveling waves, and is ready to use in a theoretical
model of bubble clouds evolution. Besides, the well-known sign inversion of the
Bjerknes force for large standing waves is recovered and the inversion
threshold in the parameter space is obtained analytically. The results are in
good agreement with numerical simulation and allow a quantitative assessment of
the physical parameters effect. It is found that either reducing surface
tension, or increasing the static pressure, should produce a widening of the
bubble-free region near high-amplitude pressure antinodes.


title:
Numerical method for disordered quantum phase transitions in the
  large$-N$ limit

abstract:
  We develop an efficient numerical method to study the quantum critical
behavior of disordered systems with $\mathcal{O}(N)$ order-parameter symmetry
in the large$-N$ limit. It is based on the iterative solution of the large$-N$
saddle-point equations combined with a fast algorithm for inverting the arising
large sparse random matrices. As an example, we consider the
superconductor-metal quantum phase transition in disordered nanowires. We study
the behavior of various observables near the quantum phase transition. Our
results agree with recent renormalization group predictions, i.e., the
transition is governed by an infinite-randomness critical point, accompanied by
quantum Griffiths singularities. Our method is highly efficient because the
numerical effort for each iteration scales linearly with the system size. This
allows us to study larger systems, with up to 1024 sites, than previous
methods. We also discuss generalizations to higher dimensions and other systems
including the itinerant antiferomagnetic transitions in disordered metals.


title:
Lower $Q$-Homeomorphisms With Respect To $P$-Modulus And Orlicz-Sobolev
  Classes

abstract:
  We show that under a condition of the Calderon type on $\varphi$ the
homeomorphisms $f$ with finite distortion in $W^{1,\varphi}_{\rm loc}$ and, in
particular, $f\in W^{1,s}_{\rm loc}$ for $s>n-1$ are the so-called lower
$Q$-homeomorphisms with respect to $p$-modulus where $Q(x)$ is equal to its
outer $p$-dilatation $K_{p,f}(x)$.


title: Surface flux concentrations and spherical alpha-square dynamo

abstract:
  In the presence of strong density stratification, turbulence can lead to a
large-scale instability of a horizontal magnetic field if its strength is in a
suitable range (within a few percent of the turbulent equipartition value).
This instability is related to a suppression of the turbulent pressure so that
the turbulence contribution to the mean magnetic pressure becomes negative.
This results in the excitation of a negative effective magnetic pressure
instability (NEMPI). This instability has so far only been studied for an
imposed magnetic field. We want to know how NEMPI works when the mean magnetic
field is generated self-consistently by an $\alpha^2$ dynamo, whether it is
affected by global spherical geometry, and whether it can influence the
properties of the dynamo itself. We adopt the mean-field approach which has
previously been shown to provide a realistic description of NEMPI in direct
numerical simulations. We assume axisymmetry and solve the mean-field equations
with the Pencil-Code for an adiabatic stratification at a total density
contrast in the radial direction of approximately 4 orders of magnitude. NEMPI
is found to work when the dynamo-generated field is about 4% of the
equipartition value, which is achieved through strong $\alpha$ quenching. This
instability is excited in the top 5% of the outer radius provided the density
contrast across this top layer is at least 10. NEMPI is found to occur at lower
latitudes when the mean magnetic field is stronger. For weaker fields, NEMPI
can make the dynamo oscillatory with poleward migration. NEMPI is a viable
mechanism for producing magnetic flux concentrations in a strongly stratified
spherical shell in which a magnetic field is generated by a strongly quenched
$\alpha$ effect dynamo.


title: Basic Concepts in Quantum Information

abstract:
  In the last 25 years a new understanding has evolved of the role of
information in quantum mechanics. At the same time there has been tremendous
progress in atomic/optical physics and condensed matter physics, and
particularly at the interface between these two formerly distinct fields, in
developing experimental systems whose quantum states are long-lived and which
can be engineered to perform quantum information processing tasks. These
lecture notes will present a brief introduction to the basic theoretical
concepts behind this `second quantum revolution.' These notes will also provide
an introduction to `circuit QED.' In addition to being a novel test bed for
non-linear quantum optics of microwave electrical circuits which use
superconducting qubits as artificial atoms, circuit QED offers an architecture
for constructing quantum information processors.


title: Ising formulations of many NP problems

abstract:
  We provide Ising formulations for many NP-complete and NP-hard problems,
including all of Karp's 21 NP-complete problems. This collects and extends
mappings to the Ising model from partitioning, covering and satisfiability. In
each case, the required number of spins is at most cubic in the size of the
problem. This work may be useful in designing adiabatic quantum optimization
algorithms.


title:
Scaling laws for Shor's algorithm with a banded quantum Fourier
  transform

abstract:
  We investigate the performance of a streamlined version of Shor's algorithm
in which the quantum Fourier transform is replaced by a banded version that for
each qubit retains only coupling to its $b$ nearest neighbors. Defining the
performance $P(n,b)$ of the $n$-qubit algorithm for bandwidth $b$ as the ratio
of the success rates of Shor's algorithm equipped with the banded and the full
bandwidth ($b=n-1$) versions of the quantum Fourier transform, our numerical
simulations show that $P(n,b) \approx \exp[-\varphi_{max}^2 (n,b)/100]$ for $n
< n_t(b)$ (non-exponential regime) and $P(n,b) \approx 2^{-\xi_b (n-8)}$ for
$n>n_t(b)$ (exponential regime), where $n_{t}(b)$, the location of the
transition, is approximately given by $n_{t}(b)\approx b+5.9 +
\sqrt{7.7(b+2)-47}$ for $b\gtrsim 8$, $\varphi_{max} (n,b) = 2\pi[2^{-b-1}
(n-b-2) + 2^{-n}]$, and $\xi_b\approx 1.1 \times 2^{-2b}$. Analytically we
obtain $P(n,b) \approx \exp[-\varphi_{max}^2 (n,b)/64]$ for $n<n_t(b)$ and
$P(n,b) \approx 2^{-\xi_b^{(a)} n}$ for $n>n_t(b)$, where $\xi_{b}^{(a)}
\approx \frac{\pi^2}{12 \ln(2)} \times 2^{-2b} \approx 1.19 \times 2^{-2b}$.
Thus, our analytical results predict the $\varphi_{max}^2$ scaling ($n<n_t$)
and the $2^{-2b}$ scaling ($n>n_t$) of the data perfectly. In addition, in the
large-$n$ regime, the prefactor in $\xi_b^{(a)}$ is close to the results of our
numerical simulations and, in the low-$n$ regime, the numerical scaling factor
in our analytical result is within a factor 2 of its numerical value. As an
example we show that $b=8$ is sufficient for factoring RSA-2048 with a 95%
success rate.


title:
Effects of the dipolar interaction on the equilibrium morphologies of a
  single supramolecular magnetic filament in bulk

abstract:
  We study the equilibrium morphologies of a single supramolecular magnetic
filament in a three-dimensional system as a function of the effective strength
of the magnetic dipolar interactions. The study is performed by means of
Langevin dynamics simulations with a bead-spring chain model of freely rotating
dipoles. We demonstrate the existence of three structural regimes as the value
of the dipolar coupling parameter is increased: a coil compaction regime, a
coil expansion regime and a closed chain regime in which the structures tend
progressively to an ideal ring configuration. We discuss the governing effects
of each regime, the structural transition between open and closed morphologies,
and the reasons why we see no multiloop configurations that have been observed
in two-dimensional systems under similar conditions.


title: Gaugino masses from gravitino at one loop

abstract:
  The N=1 supergravity coupled to chiral and Yang-Mills superfields is regarded
as the ultraviolet theory of the supersymmetric Standard Model. The gravitino
acquires a mass from the hidden sector and participate in mediating
supersymmetry breaking to the visible sector. We consider the quantum effects
of the gravitino and evaluate its contribution to the gaugino masses at one
loop level, which turns out to be irrespective of the SM gauge couplings. Due
to the universality of gravitino, its contribution to the gaugino masses can
significantly modify the gaugino mass relations of other supersymmetry breaking
mechanisms depending on the gravitino mass. For a given gaugino mass the
gravitino mass cannot be arbitrarily large even when other supersymmetry
breaking mechanisms are dominant.


title: Characterizing Branching Processes from Sampled Data

abstract:
  Branching processes model the evolution of populations of agents that
randomly generate offsprings. These processes, more patently Galton-Watson
processes, are widely used to model biological, social, cognitive, and
technological phenomena, such as the diffusion of ideas, knowledge, chain
letters, viruses, and the evolution of humans through their Y-chromosome DNA or
mitochondrial RNA. A practical challenge of modeling real phenomena using a
Galton-Watson process is the offspring distribution, which must be measured
from the population. In most cases, however, directly measuring the offspring
distribution is unrealistic due to lack of resources or the death of agents. So
far, researchers have relied on informed guesses to guide their choice of
offspring distribution. In this work we propose two methods to estimate the
offspring distribution from real sampled data. Using a small sampled fraction
of the agents and instrumented with the identity of the ancestors of the
sampled agents, we show that accurate offspring distribution estimates can be
obtained by sampling as little as 14% of the population.


title: A framework for coupling flow and deformation of the porous solid

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider the flow of an incompressible fluid in a
deformable porous solid. We present a mathematical model using the framework
offered by the theory of interacting continua. In its most general form, this
framework provides a mechanism for capturing multiphase flow, deformation,
chemical reactions and thermal processes, as well as interactions between the
various physics in a conveniently implemented fashion. To simplify the
presentation of the framework, results are presented for a particular model
than can be seen as an extension of Darcy's equation (which assumes that the
porous solid is rigid) that takes into account elastic deformation of the
porous solid. The model also considers the effect of deformation on porosity.
We show that using this model one can recover identical results as in the
framework proposed by Biot and Terzaghi. Some salient features of the framework
are as follows: (a) It is a consistent mixture theory model, and adheres to the
laws and principles of continuum thermodynamics, (b) the model is capable of
simulating various important phenomena like consolidation and surface
subsidence, and (c) the model is amenable to several extensions. We also
present numerical coupling algorithms to obtain coupled flow-deformation
response. Several representative numerical examples are presented to illustrate
the capability of the mathematical model and the performance of the
computational framework.


title:
Pathways-driven Sparse Regression Identifies Pathways and Genes
  Associated with High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Two Asian Cohorts

abstract:
  Standard approaches to analysing data in genome-wide association studies
(GWAS) ignore any potential functional relationships between genetic markers.
In contrast gene pathways analysis uses prior information on functional
structure within the genome to identify pathways associated with a trait of
interest. In a second step, important single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or
genes may be identified within associated pathways. Most pathways methods begin
by testing SNPs one at a time, and so fail to capitalise on the potential
advantages inherent in a multi-SNP, joint modelling approach. Here we describe
a dual-level, sparse regression model for the simultaneous identification of
pathways, genes and SNPs associated with a quantitative trait. Our method takes
account of various factors specific to the joint modelling of pathways with
genome-wide data, including widespread correlation between genetic predictors,
and the fact that variants may overlap multiple pathways. We use a resampling
strategy that exploits finite sample variability to provide robust rankings for
pathways, SNPs and genes. We test our method through simulation, and use it to
perform pathways-driven SNP selection in a search for pathways, genes and SNPs
associated with variation in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC)
levels in two separate GWAS cohorts of Asian adults. By comparing results from
both cohorts we identify a number of candidate pathways including those
associated with cardiomyopathy, and T cell receptor and PPAR signalling.
Highlighted genes include those associated with the L-type calcium channel,
adenylate cyclase, integrin, laminin, MAPK signalling and immune function.


title:
A simple model of ultrasound propagation in a cavitating liquid. Part I:
  Theory, nonlinear attenuation and traveling wave generation

abstract:
  The bubbles involved in sonochemistry and other applications of cavitation
oscillate inertially. A correct estimation of the wave attenuation in such
bubbly media requires a realistic estimation of the power dissipated by the
oscillation of each bubble, by thermal diffusion in the gas and viscous
friction in the liquid. Both quantities and calculated numerically for a single
inertial bubble driven at 20 kHz, and are found to be several orders of
magnitude larger than the linear prediction. Viscous dissipation is found to be
the predominant cause of energy loss for bubbles small enough. Then, the
classical nonlinear Caflish equations describing the propagation of acoustic
waves in a bubbly liquid are recast and simplified conveniently. The main
harmonic part of the sound field is found to fulfill a nonlinear Helmholtz
equation, where the imaginary part of the squared wave number is directly
correlated with the energy lost by a single bubble. For low acoustic driving,
linear theory is recovered, but for larger drivings, namely above the Blake
threshold, the attenuation coefficient is found to be more than 3 orders of
magnitude larger then the linear prediction. A huge attenuation of the wave is
thus expected in regions where inertial bubbles are present, which is confirmed
by numerical simulations of the nonlinear Helmholtz equation in a 1D standing
wave configuration. The expected strong attenuation is not only observed but
furthermore, the examination of the phase between the pressure field and its
gradient clearly demonstrates that a traveling wave appears in the medium.


title: Parallel Suffix Array Construction by Accelerated Sampling

abstract:
  A deterministic BSP algorithm for constructing the suffix array of a given
string is presented, based on a technique which we call accelerated sampling.
It runs in optimal O(n/p) local computation and communication, and requires a
near optimal O(log log p) synchronisation steps. The algorithm provides an
improvement over the synchronisation costs of existing algorithms, and
reinforces the importance of the sampling technique.


title: Positivity of Chern classes of Schubert cells and varieties

abstract:
  We show that the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson class of a Schubert cell in a
Grassmannian is represented by a reduced and irreducible subvariety in each
degree. This gives an affirmative answer to a positivity conjecture of Aluffi
and Mihalcea.


title:
A simple model of ultrasound propagation in a cavitating liquid. Part
  II: Primary Bjerknes force and bubble structures

abstract:
  In a companion paper, a reduced model for propagation of acoustic waves in a
cloud of inertial cavitation bubbles was proposed. The wave attenuation was
calculated directly from the energy dissipated by a single bubble, the latter
being estimated directly from the fully nonlinear radial dynamics. The use of
this model in a mono-dimensional configuration has shown that the attenuation
near the vibrating emitter was much higher than predictions obtained from
linear theory, and that this strong attenuation creates a large traveling wave
contribution, even for closed domain where standing waves are normally
expected. In this paper, we show that, owing to the appearance of traveling
waves, the primary Bjerknes force near the emitter becomes very large and tends
to expel the bubbles up to a stagnation point. Two-dimensional axi-symmetric
computations of the acoustic field created by a large area immersed sonotrode
are also performed, and the paths of the bubbles in the resulting Bjerknes
force field are sketched. Cone bubble structures are recovered and compare
reasonably well to reported experimental results. The underlying mechanisms
yielding such structures is examined, and it is found that the conical
structure is generic and results from the appearance a sound velocity gradient
along the transducer area. Finally, a more complex system, similar to an
ultrasonic bath, in which the sound field results from the flexural vibrations
of a thin plate, is also simulated. The calculated bubble paths reveal the
appearance of other commonly observed structures in such configurations, such
as streamers and flare structures.


title:
First observations of $\bar{B}_s^0\to D^+D^-$, $D_s^+D^-$ and
  $D^0\bar{D}^0$ decays

abstract:
  First observations and measurements of the branching fractions of the
$\bar{B}_s^0\to D^+D^-$, $\bar{B}_s^0\to D_s^+D^-$ and $\bar{B}_s^0\to
D^0\bar{D}^0$ decays are presented using 1.0 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the
LHCb experiment. These branching fractions are normalized to those of
$\bar{B}^0\to D^+D^-$, $B^0\to D_s^+D^-$ and $B^-\to D^0D_s^-$, respectively.
An excess of events consistent with the decay $\bar{B}^0\to D^0\bar{D}^0$ is
also seen, and its branching fraction is measured relative to that of $B^-\to
D^0D_s^-$. Improved measurements of the branching fractions
${\cal{B}}(\bar{B}_s^0\to D_s^+D_s^-)$ and ${\cal{B}}(B^-\to D^0D_s^-)$ are
reported, each relative to ${\cal{B}}(B^0\to D_s^+D^-)$. The ratios of
branching fractions are {-0.2in} {center} {align*} {{\cal{B}}(\bar{B}_s^0\to
D^+D^-)\over {\cal{B}}(\bar{B}^0\to D^+D^-)} &= 1.08\pm 0.20\pm0.10,
{{\cal{B}}(\bar{B}_s^0\to D_s^+D^-)\over {\cal{B}}(B^0\to D_s^+D^-)} &=
0.050\pm 0.008\pm0.004, {{\cal{B}}(\bar{B}_s^0\to D^0\bar{D}^0)\over
{\cal{B}}(B^-\to D^0D_s^-)} &= 0.019\pm 0.003\pm0.003, {{\cal{B}}(\bar{B}^0\to
D^0\bar{D}^0)\over {\cal{B}}(B^-\to D^0D_s^-)} &= 0.0014\pm
0.0006\pm0.0002,{{\cal{B}}(\bar{B}_s^0\to D_s^+D_s^-)\over {\cal{B}}(B^0\to
D_s^+D^-)} &= 0.56\pm 0.03\pm0.04, {{\cal{B}}(B^-\to D^0D_s^-)\over
{\cal{B}}(B^0\to D_s^+D^-)} &= 1.22\pm 0.02\pm0.07, {align*} {center} \noindent
where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.


title: On the Title of Moriarty's 'Dynamics of an Asteroid'

abstract:
  We propose an explanation of the title of Prof. James Moriarty's
treatise_Dynamics of an Asteroid_, a scientific work mentioned by Sherlock
Holmes in_The Valley of Fear_ and prominently featured in Guy Ritchie's 2011
film_Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows_. Our views on the subject differ from
those expressed in Isaac Asimov's "The Ultimate Crime".


title: A PRESS statistic for two-block partial least squares regression

abstract:
  Predictive modelling of multivariate data where both the covariates and
responses are high-dimensional is becoming an increasingly popular task in many
data mining applications. Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression often turns
out to be a useful model in these situations since it performs dimensionality
reduction by assuming the existence of a small number of latent factors that
may explain the linear dependence between input and output. In practice, the
number of latent factors to be retained, which controls the complexity of the
model and its predictive ability, has to be carefully selected. Typically this
is done by cross validating a performance measure, such as the predictive
error. Although cross validation works well in many practical settings, it can
be computationally expensive. Various extensions to PLS have also been proposed
for regularising the PLS solution and performing simultaneous dimensionality
reduction and variable selection, but these come at the expense of additional
complexity parameters that also need to be tuned by cross-validation. In this
paper we derive a computationally efficient alternative to leave-one-out cross
validation (LOOCV), a predicted sum of squares (PRESS) statistic for two-block
PLS. We show that the PRESS is nearly identical to LOOCV but has the
computational expense of only a single PLS model fit. Examples of the PRESS for
selecting the number of latent factors and regularisation parameters are
provided.


title:
Longitudinal analysis of gene expression profiles using functional
  mixed-effects models

abstract:
  In many longitudinal microarray studies, the gene expression levels in a
random sample are observed repeatedly over time under two or more conditions.
The resulting time courses are generally very short, high-dimensional, and may
have missing values. Moreover, for every gene, a certain amount of variability
in the temporal profiles, among biological replicates, is generally observed.
We propose a functional mixed-effects model for estimating the temporal pattern
of each gene, which is assumed to be a smooth function. A statistical test
based on the distance between the fitted curves is then carried out to detect
differential expression. A simulation procedure for assessing the statistical
power of our model is also suggested. We evaluate the model performance using
both simulations and a real data set investigating the human host response to
BCG exposure.


title: Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons in spin pumping systems

abstract:
  We clarify the condition for the occurrence of magnon Bose-Einstein
condensation (BEC) in spin pumping systems without using external pumping
magnetic fields. The Goldstone model is generalized and the stability of the
vacuum is closely investigated. By applying the generalized Goldstone model to
spin pumping systems, the condition for the experimental realization of the
stable magnon BEC in spin pumping systems is theoretically proposed.

categories: cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.quant-gas cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.str-el


title: Stability patterns in representation theory

abstract:
  We develop a comprehensive theory of the stable representation categories of
several sequences of groups, including the classical and symmetric groups, and
their relation to the unstable categories. An important component of this
theory is an array of equivalences between the stable representation category
and various other categories, each of which has its own flavor (representation
theoretic, combinatorial, commutative algebraic, or categorical) and offers a
distinct perspective on the stable category. We use this theory to produce a
host of specific results, e.g., the construction of injective resolutions of
simple objects, duality between the orthogonal and symplectic theories, a
canonical derived auto-equivalence of the general linear theory, etc.


title:
A universal, operational theory of unicast multi-user communication with
  fidelity criteria

abstract:
  This is a three part paper.
  Optimality of source-channel separation for communication with a fidelity
criterion when the channel is compound as defined by Csiszar and Korner in
their book and general as defined by Verdu and Han, is proved in Part I. It is
assumed that random codes are permitted. The word "universal" in the title of
this paper refers to the fact that the channel model is compound. The proof
uses a layered black-box or a layered input-output view-point. In particular,
only the end-to-end description of the channel as being capable of
communicating a source to within a certain distortion level is used when
proving separation. This implies that the channel model does not play any role
for separation to hold as long as there is a source model. Further implications
of the layered black-box view-point are discussed.
  Optimality of source-medium separation for multi-user communication with
fidelity criteria over a general, compound medium in the unicast setting is
proved in Part II, thus generalizing Part I to the unicast, multi-user setting.
  Part III gets to an understanding of the question, "Why is a channel which is
capable of communicating a source to within a certain distortion level, also
capable of communicating bits at any rate less than the infimum of the rates
needed to code the source to within the distortion level": this lies at the
heart of why optimality of separation for communication with a fidelity
criterion holds. The perspective taken to get to this understanding is a
randomized covering-packing perspective, and the proof is operational.


title: On the Universality of Mesoscience: Science of 'the in-between'

abstract:
  The universality of mesoscales, ranging between elemental particles and the
universe, is discussed here by reviewing widely disparate fields and presenting
four cases, at differing hierarchical levels, from chemistry, chemical
engineering, meteorology, through to astronomy. An underpinning concept,
"Compromise in competition", is highlighted between various dominant, but
competing mechanisms, and is identified here to be the universal origin of
complexity and diversity in such examples. We therefore advance this as a key
underlying principle of an emerging science -- Mesoscience.


title: Fractional windings of the spinor condensates on a ring

abstract:
  We study the uniform solutions to the one-dimensional spinor Bose-Einstein
condensates on a ring. These states explicitly display the associated motion of
the super-current and the spin rotation, which give rise to fractional winding
numbers according to the various compositions of the hyperfine states. It
simultaneously yields a fractional factor to the global phase due to the
gauge-spin symmetry. Our method can be applied to explore the fractional
vortices by identifying the ring as the boundary of two-dimensional spinor
condensates.


title: Ground Truth calibration for the JEM-EUSO Mission

abstract:
  The Extreme Universe Space Observatory is an experiment to investigate the
highest energy cosmic rays by recording the extensive air showers they create
in the atmosphere. This will be done by recording video clips of the
development of these showers using a large high-speed video camera to be
located on the Japanese Experiment Module of the International Space Station.
The video clips will be used to determine the energies and arrival directions
of these cosmic rays. The accuracy of these measurements depends on measuring
the intrinsic luminosity and the direction of each shower accurately. This
paper describes how the accuracy of these measurements will be tested and
improved during the mission using a global light system consisting of
calibrated flash lamps and lasers located deep in the atmosphere.


title: Some Remarks on the Jacobian Conjecture and Dru{\.z}kowski mappings

abstract:
  In this paper, we first show that the Jacobian Conjecture is true for
non-homogeneous power linear mappings under some conditions. Secondly, we prove
an equivalent statement about the Jacobian Conjecture in dimension $r\geq 1$
and give some partial results for $r=2$.
  Finally, for a homogeneous power linear Keller map $F=X+H$ of degree $d \ge
2$, we give the inverse polynomial map under the condition that $JH^3=0$. We
shall show that ${\operatorname{deg}}(F^{-1})\leq d^k$ if $k \le 2$ and
$JH^{k+1}=0$, but also give an example with $d = 2$ and $JH^4=0$ such that
${\operatorname{deg}}(F^{-1})> d^3$.


title:
Temperature Dependent Raman Studies and Thermal Conductivity of Few
  Layer MoS2

abstract:
  We report on the temperature dependence of in-plane E2g and out of plane A1g
Raman modes in high quality few layers MoS2 (FLMS) prepared using a high
temperature vapor-phase method. The materials obtained were investigated using
transmission electron microscopy. The frequencies of these two phonon modes
were found to vary linearly with temperature. The first order temperature
coefficients for E2g and A1g modes were found to be 1.32*10-2 and 1.23*10-2
cm-1/K, respectively. The thermal conductivity of the suspended FLMS at room
temperature was estimated to be about 52 W/mK.


title:
Short desynchronization episodes prevail in synchronous dynamics of
  human brain rhythms

abstract:
  Neural synchronization is believed to be critical for many brain functions.
It frequently exhibits temporal variability, but it is not known if this
variability has a specific temporal patterning. This study explores these
synchronization/desynchronization patterns. We employ recently developed
techniques to analyze the fine temporal structure of phase-locking to study the
temporal patterning of synchrony of the human brain rhythms. We study neural
oscillations recorded by EEG in $\alpha$ and $\beta$ frequency bands in healthy
human subjects at rest and during the execution of a task. While the
phase-locking strength depends on many factors, dynamics of synchrony has a
very specific temporal pattern: synchronous states are interrupted by frequent,
but short desynchronization episodes. The probability for a desynchronization
episode to occur decreased with its duration. The transition matrix between
synchronized and desynchronized states has eigenvalues close to 0 and 1 where
eigenvalue 1 has multiplicity 1, and therefore if the stationary distribution
between these states is perturbed, the system converges back to the stationary
distribution very fast. The qualitative similarity of this patterning across
different subjects, brain states and electrode locations suggests that this may
be a general type of dynamics for the brain. Earlier studies indicate that not
all oscillatory networks have this kind of patterning of
synchronization/desynchronization dynamics. Thus the observed prevalence of
short (but potentially frequent) desynchronization events (length of one cycle
of oscillations) may have important functional implications for the brain.
Numerous short desynchronizations (as opposed to infrequent, but long
desynchronizations) may allow for a quick and efficient formation and break-up
of functionally significant neuronal assemblies.


title: Design of Nonlinear State Observers for One-Sided Lipschitz Systems

abstract:
  Control and state estimation of nonlinear systems satisfying a Lipschitz
continuity condition have been important topics in nonlinear system theory for
over three decades, resulting in a substantial amount of literature. The main
criticism behind this approach, however, has been the restrictive nature of the
Lipschitz continuity condition and the conservativeness of the related results.
This work deals with an extension to this problem by introducing a more general
family of nonlinear functions, namely one-sided Lipschitz functions. The
corresponding class of systems is a superset of its well-known Lipschitz
counterpart and possesses inherent advantages with respect to conservativeness.
In this paper, first the problem of state observer design for this class of
systems is established, the challenges are discussed and some analysis-oriented
tools are provided. Then, a solution to the observer design problem is proposed
in terms of nonlinear matrix inequalities which in turn are converted into
numerically efficiently solvable linear matrix inequalities.


title:
A Study of a Class of Stochastic Volterra Equations Driven by Fractional
  Brownian Motion

abstract:
  This paper is devoted to study a class of stochastic Volterra equations
associated with fractional Brownian motion. We first prove the Driver type
integration by parts formula and the shift Harnack type inequalities. As a
direct application, we provide an alternative method to describe the
regularities of the law of the solution. Secondly, by using the Malliavin
calculus, the Bismut type derivative formula is established, which is then
applied to the study of the gradient estimate and the strong Feller property.
Finally, we establish the Talagrand type transportation cost inequalities for
the law of the solution on the path space with respect to both the uniform
metric and the $L^2$-metric.