title:
A New Statement for Selection and Exception Handling in Imperative
  Languages

abstract:
  Diverse selection statements -- if-then-else, switch and try-catch -- are
commonly used in modern programming languages. To make things simple, we
propose a unifying statement for selection. This statement is of the form
seqor(G_1,...,G_n) where each $G_i$ is a statement. It has a a simple
semantics: sequentially choose the first successful statement $G_i$ and then
proceeds with executing $G_i$. Examples will be provided for this statement.


title:
A Numerical Test of Pade Approximation for Some Functions with
  singularity

abstract:
  The aim of this study is to examine some numerical tests of Pade
approximation for some typical functions with singularities such as simple
pole, essential singularity, brunch cut and natural boundary. As pointed out by
Baker, it was shown that the simple pole and the essential singularity can be
specified by the poles of the Pade approximation. However, it have not
necessarily been clear how the Pade approximation work for the functions with
the branch cut or the natural boundary. In the present paper, it is shown that
the poles and zeros of the Pade approximated functions are alternately lined
along the branch cut if the test function has branch cut, and poles are also
distributed around the natural boundary for some lacunary power series and
random power series which rigorously has a natural boundary on the unit circle.
On the other hand, spurious poles and zeros (Froissart doublets) due to
numerical errors and/or external noise also appear around the unit circle in
the Pade approximation. It is also shown that the residue calculus for the Pade
approximated functions can be used to confirm the numerical accuracy of the
Pade approximation and quasianalyticity of the random power series.


title:
Explicit partitioning strategies for the interaction between a fluid and
  a multilayered poroelastic structure: an operator-splitting approach

abstract:
  We study the interaction between an incompressible, viscous, Newtonian fluid
and a multilayered structure, which consists of a thin elastic layer and a
thick poroelastic material. The thin layer is modeled using the linearly
elastic Koiter membrane model, while the thick poroelastic layer is modeled as
a Biot system. The objective of this work is to investigate how the poroelastic
phenomena affect the characteristic features of blood flow in arteries, such as
propagation of pressure waves. We develop a loosely coupled fluid-structure
interaction finite element solver based on the Lie operator splitting scheme.
We prove a conditional stability of the scheme and derive error estimates.
Theoretical results are supported with numerical examples.


title:
Self-consistent covariant description of vector meson decay constants
  and chirality-even quark-antiquark distribution amplitudes up to twist-3 in
  the light-front quark model

abstract:
  Although the meson decay amplitude described by a two-point function may be
regarded as one of the simplest possible physical observable, it is interesting
that this apparently simple amplitude bears abundant fundamental informations
on QCD vacuum dynamics and chiral symmetry. The light-front zero-mode issue of
the vector meson decay constant $f_V$ is in this respect highly non-trivial and
deserves careful analyses. We discuss the zero-mode issue in the light-front
quark model (LFQM) prediction of $f_V$ from the perspective of the vacuum
fluctuation consistent with the chiral symmetry of QCD. We extend the exactly
solvable manifestly covariant Bethe-Salpeter model calculation to the more
phenomenologically accessible realistic LFQM and present a self-consistent
covariant description of $f_V$ analyzing the twist-2 and twist-3
quark-antiquark distribution amplitudes with even chirality.


title: One Hundred First Stars : Protostellar Evolution and the Final Masses

abstract:
  We perform a large set of radiation hydrodynamics simulations of primordial
star formation in a fully cosmological context. Our statistical sample of 100
First Stars show that the first generation of stars have a wide mass
distribution M_popIII = 10 ~ 1000 M_sun. We first run cosmological simulations
to generate a set of primordial star-forming gas clouds. We then follow
protostar formation in each gas cloud and the subsequent protostellar evolution
until the gas mass accretion onto the protostar is halted by stellar radiative
feedback. The accretion rates differ significantly among the primordial gas
clouds which largely determine the final stellar masses. For low accretion
rates the growth of a protostar is self-regulated by radiative feedback effects
and the final mass is limited to several tens of solar masses. At high
accretion rates the protostar's outer envelope continues to expand and the
effective surface temperature remains low; such protostars do not exert strong
radiative feedback and can grow in excess to one hundred solar masses. The
obtained wide mass range suggests that the first stars play a variety of roles
in the early universe, by triggering both core-collapse supernovae and
pair-instability supernovae as well as by leaving stellar mass black holes. We
find certain correlations between the final stellar mass and the physical
properties of the star-forming cloud. These correlations can be used to
estimate the mass of the first star from the properties of the parent cloud or
of the host halo, without following the detailed protostellar evolution.


title: Formation of Primordial Supermassive Stars by Rapid Mass Accretion

abstract:
  Supermassive stars (SMSs) forming via very rapid mass accretion (Mdot >~ 0.1
Msun/yr) could be precursors of supermassive black holes observed beyond
redshift of about 6. Extending our previous work, we here study the evolution
of primordial stars growing under such rapid mass accretion until the stellar
mass reaches 10^{4 - 5} Msun. Our stellar evolution calculations show that a
star becomes supermassive while passing through the "supergiant protostar"
stage, whereby the star has a very bloated envelope and a contracting inner
core. The stellar radius increases monotonically with the stellar mass, until
=~ 100 AU for M_* >~ 10^4 Msun, after which the star begins to slowly contract.
Because of the large radius the effective temperature is always less than 10^4
K during rapid accretion. The accreting material is thus almost completely
transparent to the stellar radiation. Only for M_* >~ 10^5 Msun can stellar UV
feedback operate and disturb the mass accretion flow. We also examine the
pulsation stability of accreting SMSs, showing that the pulsation-driven mass
loss does not prevent stellar mass growth. Observational signatures of bloated
SMSs should be detectable with future observational facilities such as the
James Webb Space Telescope. Our results predict that an inner core of the
accreting SMS should suffer from the general relativistic instability soon
after the stellar mass exceeds 10^5 Msun. An extremely massive black hole
should form after the collapse of the inner core.


title: Coded Acquisition of High Frame Rate Video

abstract:
  High frame video (HFV) is an important investigational tool in sciences,
engineering and military. In ultra-high speed imaging, the obtainable temporal,
spatial and spectral resolutions are limited by the sustainable throughput of
in-camera mass memory, the lower bound of exposure time, and illumination
conditions. In order to break these bottlenecks, we propose a new coded video
acquisition framework that employs K > 2 conventional cameras, each of which
makes random measurements of the 3D video signal in both temporal and spatial
domains. For each of the K cameras, this multi-camera strategy greatly relaxes
the stringent requirements in memory speed, shutter speed, and illumination
strength. The recovery of HFV from these random measurements is posed and
solved as a large scale l1 minimization problem by exploiting joint temporal
and spatial sparsities of the 3D signal. Three coded video acquisition
techniques of varied trade offs between performance and hardware complexity are
developed: frame-wise coded acquisition, pixel-wise coded acquisition, and
column-row-wise coded acquisition. The performances of these techniques are
analyzed in relation to the sparsity of the underlying video signal.
Simulations of these new HFV capture techniques are carried out and
experimental results are reported.


title: Temporal Smearing of Transient Radio Sources by the Intergalactic Medium

abstract:
  The temporal smearing of impulsive radio events at cosmological redshifts
probes the properties of the ionized Inter-Galactic Medium (IGM). We relate the
degree of temporal smearing and the profile of a scattered source to the
evolution of turbulent structure in the IGM as a function of redshift. We
estimate the degree of scattering expected by analysing the contributions to
the Scattering Measure (SM) of the various components of baryonic matter
embedded in the IGM, including the diffuse IGM, intervening galaxies and
intracluster gas. These estimates predict that the amount of temporal smearing
expected at 300\,MHz is typically as low as ~1 ms and suggests that these
bursts may be detectable with low frequency widefield arrays. A generalization
of the DM-SM relation observed for Galactic scattering to the densities and
turbulent conditions relevant to the IGM suggests that scattering measures of
order 10^{-6} kpc m {-20/3} would be expected at z ~ 1. This scattering is
sufficiently low that its effects would, for most lines of sight, not be
manifest in existing observations of the scattering broadening in images of
extragalactic compact sources. The redshift dependence of the temporal smearing
discriminates between scattering that occurs in the host galaxy of the burst
and the IGM, with tau_host \propto (1+z)^{-3} if the scattering probes length
scales below the inner scale of the turbulence or tau_host \propto
(1+z)^{-17/5} if the turbulence follows a Kolmogorov spectrum. This differs
strongly from the expected IGM scaling tau_{IGM} ~ z^2 for z < 1 and
(1+z)^{0.2-0.5} for z >> 1.


title: Projecting diffusion along the normal bundle of a plane curve

abstract:
  The purpose of this paper is to provide new formulas for the estimation of
the effective diffusion coefficient of an equation of Fick-Jacob's type
obtained by projecting the two-dimensional diffusion equation along the normal
direction of an arbitrary plane curve.


title:
Quark deconfinement in protoneutron star cores: effect of color
  superconductivity within the MIT bag model

abstract:
  We analyze the effect of color superconductivity in the transition from hot
hadron matter to quark matter in the presence of a gas of trapped electron
neutrinos. To describe strongly interacting matter we adopt a two-phase picture
in which the hadronic phase is described by means of a non-linear Walecka model
and just deconfined matter through the MIT bag model including color
superconductivity. We impose flavor conservation during the transition in such
a way that just deconfined quark matter is transitorily out of equilibrium with
respect to weak interactions. Our results show that color superconductivity
facilitates the transition for temperatures below $T_c$. This effect may be
strong if the superconducting gap is large enough. As in previous work we find
that trapped neutrinos increase the critical density for deconfinement;
however, if the just deconfined phase is color superconducting this effect is
weaker than if deconfined matter is unpaired. We also explore the effect of
different parametrizations of the hadronic equation of state (GM1 and NL3) and
the effect of hyperons in the hadronic phase. We compare our results with those
previously obtained employing the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in the description
of just deconfined matter and show that they are in excellent agreement if the
bag constant $B$ is properly chosen.


title: Twisting the Alive Particle Filter

abstract:
  This work focuses on sampling from hidden Markov models (Cappe et al, 2005)
whose observations have intractable density functions. We develop a new
sequential Monte Carlo (Doucet et al, 2000 and Gordon et al, 1993) algorithm
and a new particle marginal Metropolis-Hastings (Andrieu et al, 2010) algorithm
for these purposes. We build from Jasra, et al (2013) and Whiteley, et al
(2013) to construct the sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) algorithm (which we call
the alive twisted particle filter). Like the alive particle filter of Jasra, et
al (2013), our new SMC algorithm adopts an approximate Bayesian computation
(Tavare et al, 1997) estimate of the HMM. Our alive twisted particle filter
also uses a twisted proposal as in Whiteley, et al (2013) to obtain a
low-variance estimate of the HMM normalising constant. We demonstrate via
numerical examples that, in some scenarios, this estimate has a much lower
variance than that of the estimate obtained via the alive particle filter. The
low variance of this normalising constant estimate encourages the
implementation of our SMC algorithm within a particle marginal
Metropolis-Hastings (PMMH) scheme, and we call the resulting methodology
``alive twisted PMMH''. We numerically demonstrate on a stochastic volatility
model how our alive twisted PMMH can converge faster than the standard alive
PMMH of Jasra, et al (2013).


title:
Deterministically Charged Quantum Dots in Photonic Crystal
  Nanoresonators for Efficient Spin-Photon Interfaces

abstract:
  We demonstrate a novel method for deterministic charging of InAs quantum dots
embedded in photonic crystal nanoresonators using a unique vertical p-n-i-n
junction within the photonic crystal membrane. Charging is confirmed by the
observation of Zeeman splitting for magnetic fields applied in the Voigt
configuration. Spectrally resolved photoluminescence measurements are
complemented by polarization resolved studies that show the precise structure
of the Zeeman quadruplet. Integration of quantum dots in nanoresonators
strongly enhances far-field collection efficiency and paves the way for the
exploitation of enhanced spin-photon interactions for fabrication of efficient
quantum nodes in a scalable solid state platform.


title: Remarks on the abelian ideals of a Borel subalgebra

abstract:
  Let $\frb$ be a fixed Borel subalgebra of a finite-dimensional complex simple
Lie algebra $\frg$. The Shi bijection associates to every ad-nilpotent ideal
$\fri$ of $\frb$ a region $V_{\fri}$. In this paper, we show that $\fri$ is
abelian if and only if $V_{\fri}\cap 2A$ is empty, if and only if the volume of
$V_{\fri}\cap 2A$ equals to that of $A$, where $A$ is the fundamental alcove of
the affine Weyl group. For certain flag of abelian ideals, we record an
ascending property of their associated regions. We also determine the maximal
eigenvalue $m_{r-1}$ of the Casimir operator on $\wedge^{r-1} \frg$ and the
corresponding eigenspace $M_{r-1}$, where $r$ is the number of positive roots.


title:
On Diagnosis of Forwarding Plane via Static Forwarding Rules in Software
  Defined Networks

abstract:
  Software Defined Networks (SDN) decouple the forwarding and control planes
from each other. The control plane is assumed to have a global knowledge of the
underlying physical and/or logical network topology so that it can monitor,
abstract and control the forwarding plane. In our paper, we present solutions
that install an optimal or near-optimal (i.e., within 14% of the optimal)
number of static forwarding rules on switches/routers so that any controller
can verify the topology connectivity and detect/locate link failures at data
plane speeds without relying on state updates from other controllers. Our upper
bounds on performance indicate that sub-second link failure localization is
possible even at data-center scale networks. For networks with hundreds or few
thousand links, tens of milliseconds of latency is achievable.


title:
Rational Hausdorff Divisors: a New approach to the Approximate
  Parametrization of Curves

abstract:
  In this paper we introduce the notion of rational Hausdorff divisor, we
analyze the dimension and irreducibility of its associated linear system of
curves, and we prove that all irreducible real curves belonging to the linear
system are rational and are at finite Hausdorff distance among them. As a
consequence, we provide a projective linear subspace where all (irreducible)
elements are solutions to the approximate parametrization problem for a given
algebraic plane curve. Furthermore, we identify the linear system with a plane
curve that is shown to be rational and we develop algorithms to parametrize it
analyzing its fields of parametrization. Therefore, we present a generic answer
to the approximate parametrization problem. In addition, we introduce the
notion of Hausdorff curve, and we prove that every irreducible Hausdorff curve
can always be parametrized with a generic rational parametrization having
coefficients depending on as many parameters as the degree of the input curve.


title:
Chemically gated electronic structure of a superconducting doped
  topological insulator system

abstract:
  Angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy is used to observe changes in the
electronic structure of bulk-doped topological insulator Cu$_x$Bi$_2$Se$_3$ as
additional copper atoms are deposited onto the cleaved crystal surface. Carrier
density and surface-normal electrical field strength near the crystal surface
are estimated to consider the effect of chemical surface gating on atypical
superconducting properties associated with topological insulator order, such as
the dynamics of theoretically predicted Majorana Fermion vortices.


title: Hardy's Paradox for High-Dimensional Systems: Beyond Hardy's Limit

abstract:
  Hardy's proof is considered the simplest proof of nonlocality. Here we
introduce an equally simple proof that (i) has Hardy's as a particular case,
(ii) shows that the probability of nonlocal events grows with the dimension of
the local systems, and (iii) is always equivalent to the violation of a tight
Bell inequality.


title: External Memory Algorithms For Path Traversal in Graphs

abstract:
  This thesis presents a number of results related to path traversal in trees
and graphs. In particular, we focus on data structures which allow such
traversals to be performed efficiently in the external memory setting. In
addition, for trees and planar graphs the data structures we present are
succinct. Our tree structures permit efficient bottom-up path traversal in
rooted trees of arbitrary degree and efficient top-down path traversal in
binary trees. In the graph setting, we permit efficient traversal of an
arbitrary path in bounded degree planar graphs. Our data structures for both
trees and graphs match or slightly improve current best results for external
memory path traversal in these settings while at the same time improving space
bounds due to the succinct nature of our data structures. Employing our path
traversal structure for bounded degree planar graphs, we describe a number of
useful applications of this technique for triangular meshes in R^2. As an
extension of the R^2 representation for triangular meshes we also present an
efficient external memory representation for well-shaped tetrahedral meshes in
R^3. The external memory representation we present is based on a partitioning
scheme that matches the current best-known results for well-shaped tetrahedral
meshes. We describe applications of path traversal in tetrahedral meshes which
are made efficient in the external memory setting using our structure. Finally,
we present a result on using jump-and-walk point location in well-shaped meshes
in both R^2 and R^3. We demonstrate that, given an approximate nearest
neighbour from among the vertices of a mesh, locating the simplex containing
the query point involves a constant length walk (path traversal) in the mesh.


title: Quantum Revivals of Morse Oscillators and Farey-Ford Geometry

abstract:
  Analytical eigensolutions for Morse oscillators are used to investigate
quantum resonance and revivals and show how Morse anharmonicity affects revival
times. A minimum semi-classical Morse revival time Tmin-rev found by Heller is
related to a complete quantum revival time Trev using a quantum deviation
parameter that in turn relates Trev to the maximum quantum beat period
Tmax-beat. Also, number theory of Farey and Thales-circle geometry of Ford is
shown to elegantly analyze and display fractional revivals. Such quantum
dynamical analysis may have applications for spectroscopy or quantum
information processing and computing.


title:
Effective J=1/2 insulating state in Ruddlesden-Popper iridates: An
  LDA+DMFT study

abstract:
  Using ab-initio methods for correlated electrons in solids, we investigate
the metal-insulator transition across the Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) series of
iridates and explore the robustness of the J_eff=1/2 state against band effects
due to itineracy, tetragonal distortion, octahedral rotation and Coulomb
interaction. We predict the effects of epitaxial strain on the optical
conductivity, magnetic moments, and J_eff=1/2 ground-state wave functions in
the RP series. To describe the solution of the many-body problem in an
intuitive picture, we introduce a concept of energy-dependent atomic states,
which strongly resemble the atomic J_eff=1/2 states but with coefficients that
are energy/time-dependent. We demonstrate that the deviation from the ideal
J_eff=1/2 state is negligible at short time scales for both single- and
double-layer iridates, while it becomes quite significant for Sr3Ir2O7 at long
times and low energy. Interestingly, Sr2IrO4 is positioned very close to the
SU(2) limit, with only 3% deviation from the ideal J_eff=1/2 situation.


title:
Calculation of the gamma/gamma' interface free energy in the Ni-Al
  system by the capillary fluctuation method

abstract:
  Monte Carlo computer simulations with an embedded-atom potential are applied
to study coherent gamma/gamma' interfaces in the Ni-Al system. The (100)
interface free energy has been extracted from the power spectrum of equilibrium
shape fluctuations (capillary waves) and found to decrease with temperature
from about 20 mJ/m2 at 550 K to about 10 mJ/m2 at 1200 K. These numbers are in
reasonable agreement with existing experimental data. Strengths and
disadvantages of the capillary wave method are discussed.


title: 1-Jettiness in DIS: Measuring 2 Jets in 3 Ways

abstract:
  We compute cross sections for two-jet production in deep inelastic scattering
(DIS), with one jet from initial state radiation (ISR) and the other from final
state radiation, with a summation of large logarithms up to
next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy. Use of the DIS event shape
1-jettiness ensures that events have two well-collimated jets. We calculate
distributions for three versions of 1-jettiness that have different sensitivity
to the transverse momentum of the ISR, and derive factorization theorems for
each of them using the soft collinear effective theory (SCET). The structure of
the transverse momentum dependence in the factorization theorems is different
for each 1-jettiness. We present numerical results for these three observables
with parameters for the HERA collider.


title:
First-principles study of the thermoelectric properties of strained
  graphene nanoribbons

abstract:
  We study the transport properties, in particular, the thermoelectric figure
of merit ZT of armchair graphene nanoribbons, AGNR-N (for N=4-12, with widths
ranging from 3.7 to 13.6~\AA) through strain engineering, where N is the number
of carbon dimer lines across the AGNR width. We find that the tensile strain
applied to AGNR-$N$ changes the transport properties by modifying the
electronic structures and phonon dispersion relations. The tensile strain
increases the ZT value of the AGNR-$N$ families with N=3p and N=3p+2, where $p$
is an integer. Our analysis based on accurate density-functional theory
calculations suggests a possible route to increase the ZT values of AGNR-$N$
for potential thermoelectric applications.


title:
Electronic correlations and Hund's coupling effects in SrMoO$_3$
  revealed by photoemission spectroscopy

abstract:
  We investigate the electronic structure of a perovskite-type Pauli paramagnet
SrMoO3 (t2g2) thin film using hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and compare
the results to the realistic calculations that combine the density functional
theory within the local-density approximation (LDA) with the dynamical-mean
field theory (DMFT). Despite the clear signature of electron correlations in
the electronic specific heat, the narrowing of the quasiparticle bands is not
observed in the photoemission spectrum. This is explained in terms of the
characteristic effect of Hund's rule coupling for partially-filled t2g bands,
which induces strong quasiparticle renormalization already for values of
Hubbard interaction which are smaller than the bandwidth. The interpretation is
supported by additional model DMFT calculations including Hund's rule coupling,
that show renormalization of low-energy quasiparticles without affecting the
overall bandwidth. The photoemission spectra show additional spectral weight
around -2 eV that is not present in the LDA+DMFT. We interpret this weight as a
plasmon satellite, which is supported by measured Mo, Sr and Oxygen core-hole
spectra that all show satellites at this energy.


title:
Loop Current and Orbital Magnetism in Pyrite-Type $Ir_{3}Ch_{8}$
  ($Ch=Se,Te$)

abstract:
  We study the parent compound of the pyrite-type $Ir_{x}Ch_{2}$ iridium
chalcogenide superconductors, $Ir_{0.75}Ch_{2}$ (or $Ir_{3}Ch_{8}$). While the
lattice structure of the material is rather complicated, we show that the
electron physics near the Fermi surface (FS) can be described by a three-band
tight-binding model. We find that the material possesses a loop current ground
state which is responsible for the highly anisotropic strong diamagnetism
observed in experiments. The fluctuations of this loop current state can be a
possible pairing mechanism for superconductivity.


title: AWG-based Non-blocking Clos Networks

abstract:
  The three-stage Clos networks remain the most popular solution to many
practical switching systems to date. The aim of this paper is to show that the
modular structure of Clos networks is invariant with respect to the
technological changes. Due to the wavelength routing property of
arrayed-waveguide gratings (AWGs), non-blocking and contention-free
wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) switches require that two calls carried
by the same wavelength must be connected by separated links; otherwise, they
must be carried by different wavelengths. Thus, in addition to the non-blocking
condition, the challenge of the design of AWG-based multistage switching
networks is to scale down the wavelength granularity and to reduce the
conversion range of tunable wavelength converters (TWCs). We devise a logic
scheme to partition the WDM switch network into wavelength autonomous cells,
and show that the wavelength scalability problem can be solved by recursively
reusing similar, but smaller, set of wavelengths in different cells.
Furthermore, we prove that the rearrangeably non-blocking (RNB) condition and
route assignments in these AWG-based three-stage networks are consistent with
that of classical Clos networks. Thus, the optimal AWG-based non-blocking Clos
networks also can achieve 100% utilization when all input and output wavelength
channels are busy.


title:
Minute-Scale Rapid Variability of Optical Polarization in Narrow-Line
  Seyfert 1 Galaxy: PMN J0948+0022

abstract:
  We report on optical photopolarimetric results of the radio-loud narrow line
Seyfert 1 (RL-NLSy1) galaxy PMN J0948+0022 on 2012 December to 2013 February
triggered by flux enhancements in near infrared and gamma-ray bands. Thanks to
one-shot polarimetry of the HOWPol installed to the Kanata telescope, we have
detected very rapid variability in the polarized-flux light curve on MJD 56281
(2012 December 20). The rise and decay times were about 140 sec and 180 sec,
respectively. The polarization degree (PD) reached 36 +/- 3% at the peak of the
short-duration pulse, while polarization angle (PA) remained almost constant.
In addition, temporal profiles of the total flux and PD showed highly variable
but well correlated behavior and discrete correlation function analysis
revealed that no significant time lag of more than 10 min was present. The high
PD and minute-scale variability in polarized flux provides a clear evidence of
synchrotron radiation from a very compact emission region of 10^14 cm size with
highly ordered magnetic field. Such micro variability of polarization are also
observed in several blazar jets, but its complex relation between total flux
and PD are explained by multi-zone model in several blazars. The implied single
emission region in PMN J0948+0022 might be reflecting a difference of jets
between RL-NLSy1s and blazars.


title:
An Investigation of the Sampling-Based Alignment Method and Its
  Contributions

abstract:
  By investigating the distribution of phrase pairs in phrase translation
tables, the work in this paper describes an approach to increase the number of
n-gram alignments in phrase translation tables output by a sampling-based
alignment method. This approach consists in enforcing the alignment of n-grams
in distinct translation subtables so as to increase the number of n-grams.
Standard normal distribution is used to allot alignment time among translation
subtables, which results in adjustment of the distribution of n- grams. This
leads to better evaluation results on statistical machine translation tasks
than the original sampling-based alignment approach. Furthermore, the
translation quality obtained by merging phrase translation tables computed from
the sampling-based alignment method and from MGIZA++ is examined.


title:
Evolution of Superconductivity in Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_{x}$ Annealed
  in Te Vapor

abstract:
  We report a detailed study of the Te vapor annealing effect in
Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{0.6}$Se$_{0.4}$ single crystals. Bulk superconductivity can be
gradually induced by annealing with increasing amount of Te, until the molar
ratio of Te to the sample reaches 1 : 10. By further increasing Te molar ratio,
superconducting volume is gradually reduced. Resistivity and Hall effect
measurements manifest that annealing in Te vapor delocalizes the charge
carriers by removing excess Fe. The optimally Te annealed crystal shows
homogeneous critical current densities with a large value of $\sim$ 4.3
$\times$ 10$^5$ A/cm$^2$, which proves that the Te annealing is effective to
induce bulk superconductivity in Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_{x}$.


title: Supercritical water: percolation transitions and a colloidal mesophase

abstract:
  A revised phase diagram for water shows three distinct fluid phases. There is
no continuity of liquid and gas and no critical point on Gibbs density surface.
A liquid state, water, spans all temperatures. A thermodynamic rigidity
function, which distinguishes gas and 'liquid, shows a remarkable symmetry
between complimentary corresponding states of steam and water.


title:
Classification of Kantowski-Sachs and Bianchi Type III space-times
  according to their proper conformal vector fields

abstract:
  We investigate proper conformal vector fields in non conformally flat
Kantowski-Sachs and Bianchi type III space-times using direct integration
technique. Using the above mentioned technique we show that very special
classes of the above space-times admit proper conformal vector fields.


title:
Thermal transport due to quantum interference in magnetic tunnel
  junctions

abstract:
  We study the thermal transport in magnetic tunnel junctions. Thermal
gradients across the tunneling barrier appear around the Fowler-Nordheim
tunneling regime, due to the current-induced heat caused by quantum
interference. Both thermovoltage and thermal temperature follow a linear
response with the applied current, which is an evidence for a thermoelectric
effect. By increasing the barrier transparency, the dynamics of thermoelectric
properties is observed with the current. Accordingly, a large range of the
Seebeck coefficient, 10 - 1000 {\mu}V/K, has been obtained in magnetic tunnel
junctions.


title: Characterising pointsets in PG(4,q) that correspond to conics

abstract:
  We consider a non-degenerate conic in $\PG(2,q^2)$, $q$ odd, that is tangent
to $\ell_\infty$ and look at its structure in the Bruck-Bose representation in
$\PG(4,q)$. We determine which combinatorial properties of this set of points
in $\PG(4,q)$ are needed to reconstruct the conic in $\PG(2,q^2)$. That is, we
define a set $\C$ in $\PG(4,q)$ with $q^2$ points that satisfies certain
combinatorial properties. We then show that if $q\ge 7$, we can use $\C$ to
construct a regular spread $\S$ in the hyperplane at infinity of $\PG(4,q)$,
and that $\C$ corresponds to a conic in the Desarguesian plane
$\P(\S)\cong\PG(2,q^2)$ constructed via the Bruck-Bose correspondence.


title:
The Wonderful Toy of 20th Century can be a Disaster in 21st
  Century:Scenario and Policies Regarding Mobile Waste in India

abstract:
  The subscribers base of mobile phones is increasing globally with a rapid
rate.The sale of mobile phones has exceeded those of personal computers.India
is the second largest telecommunication network in the world in terms of number
of wireless connections after China.Telecom companies are ready to tap a large
unexplored market in India with lucrative offerings.Smart phones sale are at
its peak.3G technology is also ready to play a lead role in mobile
revolution.Due to the low average life of the mobile phones,lack of awareness
among users and in absence of government policies,mobile waste is accumulating
in vast amount in India.Without a proper system of recycling,the unsafe
disposal is causing a variety of environmental and health problems.This paper
discusses the various issues related to the worldwide growth of mobile
phones,the insecure methods of disposal and the regulations and policies in
India.We intend to put forward some challenges and advices.


title: Services in Android can Share Your Personal Information in Background

abstract:
  Mobile phones have traveled a very long journey in a very short span of time
since its inception in 1973.This wonderful toy of 20th century has started
playing significant role in daily life.More than 5 billion mobile users are
there around the world and almost 90 percent of the entire earth is under the
mobile coverage now.These days smart phones are equipped with numerous
features,faster processors and high storage capacity.Android is a latest trend
in this series whose popularity is growing by leaps and bounds.Android has a
number of components which helps Application developers to embed distinguish
features in applications.This paper explains how the Service component of
Android can share your personal information to others without users
interaction.


title:
Strain dependence of the heat transport properties of graphene
  nanoribbons

abstract:
  Using a combination of accurate density-functional theory and a
nonequilibrium Green function's method, we calculate the ballistic thermal
conductance characteristics of tensile-strained armchair (AGNR) and zigzag
(ZGNR) edge graphene nanoribbons, with widths between 3-50 \AA. The optimized
lateral lattice constants for AGNRs of different widths display a three-family
behavior when the ribbons are grouped according to N modulo 3, where $N$
represents the number of carbon atoms across the width of the ribbon. Two
lowest-frequency out-of-plane acoustic modes play a decisive role in increasing
the thermal conductance of AGNR-N at low temperatures. At high temperatures the
effect of tensile strain is to reduce the thermal conductance of AGNR-N and
ZGNR-N. These results could be explained by the changes in force constants in
the in-plane and out-of-plane directions with the application of strain. This
fundamental atomistic understanding of the heat transport in graphene
nanoribbons paves a way to effect changes in their thermal properties via
strain at various temperatures.


title: Observational signatures of anisotropic inflationary models

abstract:
  We study observational signatures of two classes of anisotropic inflationary
models in which an inflaton field couples to (i) a vector kinetic term F_{mu
nu}F^{mu nu} and (ii) a two-form kinetic term H_{mu nu lambda}H^{mu nu lambda}.
We compute the corrections from the anisotropic sources to the power spectrum
of gravitational waves as well as the two-point cross correlation between
scalar and tensor perturbations. The signs of the anisotropic parameter g_* are
different depending on the vector and the two-form models, but the statistical
anisotropies generally lead to a suppressed tensor-to-scalar ratio r and a
smaller scalar spectral index n_s in both models. In the light of the recent
Planck bounds of n_s and r, we place observational constraints on several
different inflaton potentials such as those in chaotic and natural inflation in
the presence of anisotropic interactions. In the two-form model we also find
that there is no cross correlation between scalar and tensor perturbations,
while in the vector model the cross correlation does not vanish. The non-linear
estimator f_{NL} of scalar non-Gaussianities in the two-form model is generally
smaller than that in the vector model for the same orders of |g_*|, so that the
former is easier to be compatible with observational bounds of
non-Gaussianities than the latter.


title:
MHD Seismology as a Tool to Diagnose the Coronae of X-ray Active
  Sun-like Flaring Stars

abstract:
  It is now well accepted that the detection of impulsively generated multiple
MHD modes are potentially used in diagnosing the local plasma conditions of the
solar corona. Analogously, such analyses can also be significantly used in
diagnosing the coronae of X-ray active Sun-like stars. In the present paper, we
briefly review the detection of MHD modes in coronae of some X-ray active
Sun-like stars, e.g. Proxima Centauri, XI-Boo etc using XMM-Newton
observations, and discuss the implications in deriving physical information
about their localized magnetic atmosphere. We conclude that the refinement in
the MHD seismology of solar corona is also providing the best analogy to
develop the stellar seismology of magnetically active and flaring Sun-like
stars to deduce the local physical conditions of their coronae.


title: A degeneration of moduli of Hitchin pairs

abstract:
  We construct a degeneration of the moduli space of Hitchin pairs on smooth
projective curves when the curve degenerates to an irreducible curve with a
single node. The degeneration constructed here is analogous to the models
constructed by Gieseker and Nagaraj-Seshadri for the case of the usual moduli
spaces (i.e when the Higgs structure is trivial). There is an canonical
relative Hitchin map which is shown to be proper and the general fibre of the
relative Hitchin map provides a new compactification of the Picard variety of
smooth curves with normal crossing singularities.


title:
Intense low-energy ferromagnetic fluctuations in the antiferromagnetic
  heavy-fermion metal CeB6

abstract:
  Heavy-fermion metals exhibit a plethora of low-temperature ordering
phenomena, among them the so-called hidden-order phases that in contrast to
conventional magnetic order are invisible to standard neutron diffraction. One
of the oldest and structurally simplest hidden-order compounds, CeB6, became
famous for an elusive phase that was attributed to the antiferroquadrupolar
ordering of cerium-4f moments. In its ground state, CeB6 also develops a more
usual antiferromagnetic (AFM) order. Hence, its essential low-temperature
physics was always considered to be solely governed by AFM interactions between
the dipolar and multipolar Ce moments. Here we overturn this established
perspective by uncovering an intense ferromagnetic (FM) low-energy collective
mode that dominates the magnetic excitation spectrum of CeB6. Our inelastic
neutron-scattering data reveal that the intensity of this FM excitation by far
exceeds that of conventional spin-wave magnons emanating from the AFM wave
vectors, thus placing CeB6 much closer to a FM instability than could be
anticipated. This propensity of CeB6 to ferromagnetism may account for much of
its unexplained behavior, such as the existence of a pronounced electron spin
resonance, and should lead to a substantial revision of existing theories that
have so far largely neglected the role of FM interactions.


title:
The Hamburg/ESO R-process Enhanced Star survey (HERES) VIII. The r+s
  star HE 1405 0822

abstract:
  Aims.The aim of this study is a detailed abundance analysis of the newly
discovered r-rich star HE 1405 0822, which has [Fe=H]=-2.40. This star shows
enhancements of both r- and s-elements, [Ba/Fe]= +1.95 and [Eu/Fe]=1.54, for
which reason it is called r+s star. Methods.Stellar parameters and element
abundances were determined by analying high-quality VLT/UVES spectra. We used
Fe I line excitation equilibria to derive the effective temperature. The
surface gravity was calculated from the Fei/Feii and Ti I/Ti II equilibria.
Results.We determined accurate abundances for 39 elements, including 19
neutron-capture elements. HE 1405-0822 is a red giant. Its strong enhancements
of C, N, and s-elements are the consequence of enrichment by a former AGB
companion with an initial mass of less than 3 M_Sun. The heavy n-capture
element abundances (including Eu, Yb, and Hf) seen in HE 1405-0822 do not agree
with the r-process pattern seen in strongly r-process-enhanced stars. We
discuss possible enrichment scenarios for this star. The enhanced alpha
elements can be explained as the result of enrichment by supernovae of type II.
Na and Mg may have partly been synthesized in a former AGB companion, when the
primary 22^Ne acted as a neutron poison in the 13^C-pocket.


title: Uniform estimates of nonlinear spectral gaps

abstract:
  By generalizing the path method, we show that nonlinear spectral gaps of a
finite connected graph are uniformly bounded from below by a positive constant
which is independent of the target metric space. We apply our result to an
$r$-ball $T_{d,r}$ in the $d$-regular tree, and observe that the asymptotic
behavior of nonlinear spectral gaps of $T_{d,r}$ as $r\to\infty$ does not
depend on the target metric space, which is in contrast to the case of a
sequence of expanders. We also apply our result to the $n$-dimensional Hamming
cube $H_n$ and obtain an estimate of its nonlinear spectral gap with respect to
an arbitrary metric space, which is asymptotically sharp as $n\to\infty$.


title:
Twisted-Mass Potential on the Non-Abelian String World Sheet Induced by
  Bulk Masses

abstract:
  We derive the twisted-mass potential in N=(2,2) CP(N-1) theory on the world
sheet of the non-Abelian string from the bulk N=2 theory with massive (s)quarks
by determining the profile functions of the adjoint fields. Although this
potential was indirectly found some time ago, this is the first direct
derivation from the bulk.
  As an application of the adjoint field profiles, we compute and confirm the $
| \mu \sigma | $ potential (where $ \sigma $ is a scalar field in the gauge
supermultiplet) which arises in the effective two-dimensional theory on the
string due to the supersymmetry breaking bulk mass term $ \mu A^2 $ for the
adjoint matter.


title: Distributive bilattices from the perspective of natural duality theory

abstract:
  This paper provides a fresh perspective on the representation of distributive
bilattices and of related varieties. The techniques of naturalduality are
employed to give, economically and in a uniform way, categories ofstructures
dually equivalent to these varieties.We relate our dualities to the product
representations for bilattices and to pre-existing dual representations by a
simple translation process which is an instance of a more general mechanism for
connecting dualities based on Priestley duality to natural dualities. Our
approach gives us access to descriptions of algebraic/categorical properties of
bilattices and also reveals how `truth' and `knowledge' may be seen as dual
notions.


title:
A 350 mK, 9 T scanning tunneling microscope for the study of
  superconducting thin films and single crystals

abstract:
  We report the construction and performance of a low temperature, high field
scanning tunneling microscope (STM) operating down to 350mK and in magnetic
fields up to 9T, with thin film deposition and in-situ cleaving capabilities.
The main focus lies on the simple design of STM head allowing top loading of
the sample and innovative sample holder design that allows us to get
spectroscopic data on superconducting thin films grown in-situ on insulating
substrates. Other design details on sample transport, chamber and vibration
isolation scheme are also described. We demonstrate the capability of our
instrument through the atomic resolution imaging and spectroscopy on NbSe2
single crystal and spectroscopic maps obtained on homogeneously disordered NbN
thin film.

categories: cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.str-el physics.ins-det


title: Radiation defects in BaF$_2$-Cd

abstract:
  Radiation defects in barium fluoride single crystals doped with cadmium have
been investigated by luminescence and absorption spectroscopy, as well as by
electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Three types of Cd$^+$ centers differing
by the local environment with the point symmetries O$_h$, C$_3$$_v$ and
C$_2$$_v$ have been identified although in the crystals only the cubic centers
are usually formed. We believe that these features may arise from the
difference in the spacial distribution of the impurities in the crystals.


title:
Time-reparametrization invariance and Hamilton-Jacobi approach to the
  cosmological sigma-model

abstract:
  The construction of physical models with local time-reparametrization
invariance is reviewed. Negative-energy contributions to the hamiltonian are
shown to be crucial for the realization of this reparametrization symmetry. The
covariant formulation of the dynamics is used to develop a time and gauge
invariant Hamilton-Jacobi theory. This formalism is applied to solve for the
cosmology of a homogeneous universe of the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker
type. After a discussion of empty universes, the FLRW theory is extended with
homogeneous scalar fields generically described by a $\sg$-model on some scalar
manifold. An explicit gauge-invariant solution is constructed for the
non-linear O(N)-models.


title: On a question of Babadi and Tarokh II

abstract:
  In this paper we continue to study a question proposed by Babadi and Tarokh
\cite{ba2} on the mysterious randomness of Gold sequences. Upon improving their
result, we establish the randomness of product of pseudorandom matrices formed
from two linear block codes with respect to the empirical spectral
distribution, if the dual distance of both codes is at least 5, hence providing
an affirmative answer to the question.


title: An Example of a Right Loop Admitting Only Discrete Topolization

abstract:
  Being motivated by \cite{sk} and \cite{nms}, an example of a right loop
admitting only discrete topolization is given.


title: Truthful Scheduling Mechanisms for Powering Mobile Crowdsensing

abstract:
  Mobile crowdsensing leverages mobile devices (e.g., smart phones) and human
mobility for pervasive information exploration and collection; it has been
deemed as a promising paradigm that will revolutionize various research and
application domains. Unfortunately, the practicality of mobile crowdsensing can
be crippled due to the lack of incentive mechanisms that stimulate human
participation. In this paper, we study incentive mechanisms for a novel Mobile
Crowdsensing Scheduling (MCS) problem, where a mobile crowdsensing application
owner announces a set of sensing tasks, then human users (carrying mobile
devices) compete for the tasks based on their respective sensing costs and
available time periods, and finally the owner schedules as well as pays the
users to maximize its own sensing revenue under a certain budget. We prove that
the MCS problem is NP-hard and propose polynomial-time approximation mechanisms
for it. We also show that our approximation mechanisms (including both offline
and online versions) achieve desirable game-theoretic properties, namely
truthfulness and individual rationality, as well as O(1) performance ratios.
Finally, we conduct extensive simulations to demonstrate the correctness and
effectiveness of our approach.


title: Analysis of the multiferroicity in the hexagonal manganite YMnO3

abstract:
  We performed magnetic and ferroelectric measurements, associated with Landau
theory and symmetry analysis, in order to clarify the situation of the YMnO3
system, a classical example of type I multiferroics. We found that the only
magnetic group compatible with all experimental data (neutrons scattering,
magnetization,polarization, dielectric constant, second harmonic generation) is
the P6'3 group. In this group a small ferromagnetic component along c is
induced by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, and observed here in SQUID
magnetization measurements. We found that the ferromagnetic and
antiferromagnetic components can only be switched simultaneously, while the
magnetic orders are functions of the polarization square and therefore
insensitive to its sign.


title: Optomechanics of Levitated Dielectric Particles

abstract:
  We review recent works on optomechanics of optically trapped microspheres and
nanoparticles in vacuum, which provide an ideal system for studying macroscopic
quantum mechanics and ultrasensitive force detection. An optically trapped
particle in vacuum has an ultrahigh mechanical quality factor as it is
well-isolated from the thermal environment. Its oscillation frequency can be
tuned in real time by changing the power of the trapping laser. Furthermore, an
optically trapped particle in vacuum may rotate freely, a unique property that
does not exist in clamped mechanical oscillators. In this review, we will
introduce the current status of optical trapping of dielectric particles in air
and vacuum, Brownian motion of an optically trapped particle at room
temperature, Feedback cooling and cavity cooling of the Brownian motion. We
will also discuss about using optically trapped dielectric particles for
studying macroscopic quantum mechanics and ultrasensitive force detection.
Applications range from creating macroscopic Schr{\"{o}}dinger's cat state,
testing objective collapse models of quantum wavefunctions, measuring Casimir
force, searching short-range non-Newtonian gravity, to detecting gravitational
waves.


title:
On Kinetic Equations Modeling Evolution of Systems in Mathematical
  Biology

abstract:
  We develop a rigorous formalism for the description of the kinetic evolution
of interacting entities modeling systems in mathematical biology within the
framework of the evolution of marginal observables. For this purpose we
construct the mean field asymptotic behavior of a solution of the Cauchy
problem of the dual BBGKY hierarchy for marginal observables of the dynamical
systems based on the Markov jump processes, exhibiting the intrinsic properties
of the living entities. The constructed scaling limit is governed by the set of
recurrence evolution equations, namely by the dual Vlasov-type hierarchy.
Moreover, the relationships of the dual Vlasov hierarchy for the limit marginal
observables with the Vlasov-type kinetic equation is established.

categories: math-ph cond-mat.soft math.MP physics.bio-ph


title: Spectropolarimetric observations of cool DQ white dwarfs

abstract:
  Following our recent discovery of a new magnetic DQ white dwarf (WD) with CH
molecular features, we report the results for the rest of the DQ WDs from our
survey. We use high signal-to-noise spectropolarimetric data to search for
magnetic fields in a sample of 11 objects. One object in our sample,
WD1235+422, shows the signs of continuum circular polarization that is similar
to some peculiar DQs with unidentified molecular absorption bands, but the low
S/N and spectral resolution of these data make more observations necessary to
reveal the true nature of this object.


title:
A study of retrieval algorithms of sparse messages in networks of neural
  cliques

abstract:
  Associative memories are data structures addressed using part of the content
rather than an index. They offer good fault reliability and biological
plausibility. Among different families of associative memories, sparse ones are
known to offer the best efficiency (ratio of the amount of bits stored to that
of bits used by the network itself). Their retrieval process performance has
been shown to benefit from the use of iterations. However classical algorithms
require having prior knowledge about the data to retrieve such as the number of
nonzero symbols. We introduce several families of algorithms to enhance the
retrieval process performance in recently proposed sparse associative memories
based on binary neural networks. We show that these algorithms provide better
performance, along with better plausibility than existing techniques. We also
analyze the required number of iterations and derive corresponding curves.


title:
Importance of anisotropy in the spin-liquid candidate
  Me3EtSb[Pd(dmit)2]2

abstract:
  Organic charge transfer salts based on the molecule Pd(dmit)2 display strong
electronic correlations and geometrical frustration, leading to spin liquid,
valence bond solid, and superconducting states, amongst other interesting
phases. The low energy electronic degrees of freedom of these materials are
often described by a single band model; a triangular lattice with a molecular
orbital representing a Pd(dmit)2 dimer on each site. We use ab initio
electronic structure calculations to construct and parametrize low energy
effective model Hamiltonians for a class of Me(4-n) EtnX[Pd(dmit)2]2
(X=As,P,N,Sb) salts and investigate how best to model these systems by using
variational Monte Carlo (VMC) simulations. Our findings suggest that the
prevailing model of these systems as a t-t' triangular lattice is incomplete,
and that a fully anisotropic triangular lattice (FATL) description produces
importantly different results, including a significant lowering of the critical
U of the spin-liquid phase.


title: Nonlinear Optical Rectennas

abstract:
  We introduce strongly-coupled optical gap antennas to interface optical
radiation with current-carrying electrons at the nanoscale. The transducer
relies on the nonlinear optical and electrical properties of an optical antenna
operating in the tunneling regime. We discuss the underlying physical
mechanisms controlling the conversion and demonstrate that a two-wire optical
antenna can provide advanced optoelectronic functionalities beyond tailoring
the electromagnetic response of a single emitter. Interfacing an electronic
command layer with a nanoscale optical device may thus be facilitated by the
optical rectennas discussed here.


title: Critical Point and Deconfinement from Dyson-Schwinger Equations

abstract:
  We employ the Dyson-Schwinger equations for quark and gluon propagators in
order to study QCD with 2+1 flavours at finite temperature and density. In a
suitable truncation for these equations, we determine the position of the
critical end-point as well as the deconfinement temperature at all chemical
potentials. For the latter, the Polyakov-loop potential is obtained from the
QCD propagators. This is possible for the first time at finite chemical
potential, with implications for effective models.


title: Gravitational Lensing by a structure in a cosmological background

abstract:
  We use an exact general relativistic model structure within an FRW
cosmological background based on a LTB metric to study the gravitational
lensing by a cosmological and dynamical structure. Using different density
profiles for the model structure, the deviation angle and the time delay
through the gravitational lensing has been studied by solving the geodesic
equations. The results of these exact calculations have been compared to the
thin lens approximation. We have shown that the result for the thin lens
approximation based on a modified NFW density profile with a void before going
over to the FRW background matches very well with the exact general
relativistic calculations. However, the thin lens approximation based on a
normal NFW profile does differ from the exact relativistic calculation. The
difference is more the less compact the structure is. We have also looked at
the impact of our calculation on the observational interpretation of arcs in
the case of strong lensing and also the reduced shear in the case of weak
lensing. No significant difference has been seen in the data available.


title:
Effective Hamiltonians for quasi-one-dimensional Fermi gases with
  spin-orbit coupling

abstract:
  We derive one-dimensional effective Hamiltonians for spin-orbit coupled Fermi
gases confined in quasi-one-dimensional trapping potentials. For energy regime
around the two-body bound state energy, the effective Hamiltonian takes a
two-channel form, where the population in transverse excited levels are
described by dressed molecules in the closed channel. For energy regime
slightly above the continuum threshold, the effective Hamiltonian takes a
single-channel form, where low-energy physics is governed by the
one-dimensional interacting strength determined by three-dimensional scattering
length and transverse confinement. We further discuss the effect of spin-orbit
coupling and effective Zeeman field on the position of confinement-induced
resonances, and show that these resonances can be understood as Feshbach
resonances between the threshold of the transverse ground state and the
two-body bound state associated with the transverse excited states. We expect
that the shift of confinement-induced resonances can be observed under present
experimental technology at attainable temperatures.


title: New actions for minimally doubled fermions and their counterterms

abstract:
  Minimally doubled fermions provide a cheap and convenient way of simulating
quarks which preserve chiral symmetry. It has been established that two actions
of this kind (known as Borici-Creutz and Karsten-Wilczek) require the tuning of
three counterterms in order to be properly renormalized. Here we construct some
more general minimally doubled actions and investigate the properties of their
counterterms.


title: Asymmetric Dark Matter

abstract:
  We review the theoretical framework underlying models of asymmetric dark
matter, describe astrophysical constraints which arise from observations of
neutron stars, and discuss the prospects for detecting asymmetric dark matter.


title: Thin films MnGe grown on Si(111)

abstract:
  MnGe has been grown as a thin film on Si(111) substrates by molecular beam
epitaxy. A 10 \AA\ layer of MnSi was used as seedlayer in order to establish
the B20 crystal structure. Films of a thickness between 45 and 135 \AA\ have
been prepared and structually characterized by RHEED, AFM and XRD. These
techniques give evidence that MnGe forms in the cubic B20 crystal structure as
islands exhibiting a very smooth surface. The islands become larger with
increasing film thickness. A magnetic characterization reveals that the
ordering temperature of MnGe thin films is enhanced compared to bulk material.
The properties of the helical magnetic structure obtained from magnetization
and magnetoresistivity measurements are compared with films of the related
compound MnSi. The much larger Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in MnGe
results in a higher rigidness of the spin helix.


title: The unique solution of stochastic differential equations

abstract:
  The solutions of stochastic differential equations without an external drift
are stochastically invariant under time reversal. This singles out the
"anti-Ito" integral.


title: On the Generative Power of Omega-Grammars and Omega-Automata

abstract:
  An \omega-grammar is a formal grammar used to generate \omega-words (i.e.
infinite length words), while an \omega-automaton is an automaton used to
recognize \omega-words. This paper gives clean and uniform definitions for
\omega-grammars and \omega-automata, provides a systematic study of the
generative power of \omega-grammars with respect to \omega-automata, and
presents a complete set of results for various types of \omega-grammars and
acceptance modes. We use the tuple (\sigma,\rho,\pi) to denote various
acceptance modes, where \sigma denotes that some designated elements should
appear at least once or infinitely often, \rho denotes some binary relation
between two sets, and \pi denotes normal or leftmost derivations. Technically,
we propose (\sigma,\rho,\pi)-accepting \omega-grammars, and systematically
study their relative generative power with respect to (\sigma,\rho)-accepting
\omega-automata. We show how to construct some special forms of
\omega-grammars, such as \epsilon-production-free \omega-grammars. We study the
equivalence or inclusion relations between \omega$-grammars and \omega-automata
by establishing the translation techniques. In particular, we show that, for
some acceptance modes, the generative power of \omega-CFG is strictly weaker
than \omega-PDA, and the generative power of \omega-CSG is equal to \omega-TM
(rather than linear-bounded \omega-automata-like devices). Furthermore, we
raise some remaining open problems for two of the acceptance modes.


title:
Theory of ferromagnetism driven by superexchange in dilute magnetic
  semiconductors

abstract:
  Magnetic properties of Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$N are studied theoretically by
employing a tight binding approach to determine exchange integrals $J_{ij}$
characterizing the coupling between Mn spin pairs located at distances $R_{ij}$
up to the 16th cation coordination sphere in zinc-blende GaN. It is shown that
for a set of experimentally determined input parameters there are no itinerant
carriers and the coupling between localized Mn$^{3+}$ spins in GaN proceeds via
superexchange that is ferromagnetic for all explored $R_{ij}$ values. Extensive
Monte Carlo simulations serve to evaluate the magnitudes of Curie temperature
$T_\mathrm{C}$ by the cumulant crossing method. The theoretical values of
$T_\mathrm{C}(x)$ are in quantitative agreement with the experimental data that
are available for Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$N with randomly distributed Mn$^{3+}$ ions
with the concentrations $0.01 \leq x \leq 0.1$.


title: Phase Structure of QCD Matter in a Chiral Effective Model with Quarks

abstract:
  Using a unified hadron-quark effective model for the QCD equation of state,
this paper studies the phase structure of strongly interacting matter in a wide
range of temperature and baryonchemical potential. At small potentials the
model yields a smooth cross-over to chirally restored matter with a transition
temperature and curvature in line with recent lattice QCD estimates and thermal
model fits of freeze-out curves. Trajectories of constant entropy per net
baryon number show a clear dependence on the particle composition in the model
and on repulsive vector field interactions. Although the model might feature a
critical end-point at a rather high baryonchemical potential and low
temperature, probing it in heavy-ion collisions might be highly challenging due
to a large thermodynamic spread of matter in the collision fireball.


title:
Re-entrant Structural Phase Transition in a Frustrated Kagome Magnet,
  Rb2SnCu3F12

abstract:
  Rb2SnCu3F12 has been studied using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction,
powder neutron diffraction and single crystal X-ray diffraction at a range of
temperatures (100 to 500 K). A broad but clear phase transition, possibly of
re-entrant character, is found to occur in the powder form, whereas the
corresponding transition is not seen in the single crystal.


title:
Large deviations for the local times of a random walk among random
  conductances in a growing box

abstract:
  We derive an annealed large deviation principle (LDP) for the normalised and
rescaled local times of a continuous-time random walk among random conductances
(RWRC) in a time-dependent, growing box in $\Z^d$. We work in the interesting
case that the conductances are positive, but may assume arbitrarily small
values. Thus, the underlying picture of the principle is a joint strategy of
small conductance values and large holding times of the walk. The speed and the
rate function of our principle are explicit in terms of the lower tails of the
conductance distribution as well as the time-dependent size of the box.
  An interesting phase transition occurs if the thickness parameter of the
conductance tails exceeds a certain threshold: for thicker tails, the random
walk spreads out over the entire growing box, for thinner tails it stays
confined to some bounded region. In fact, in the first case, the rate function
turns out to be equal to the $p$-th power of the $p$-norm of the gradient of
the square root for some $p\in(\frac {2d}{d+2},2)$. This extends the
Donsker-Varadhan-G\"artner rate function for the local times of Brownian motion
(with deterministic environment) from $p=2$ to these values.
  As corollaries of our LDP, we derive the logarithmic asymptotics of the
non-exit probability of the RWRC from the growing box, and the Lifshitz tails
of the generator of the RWRC, the randomised Laplace operator.
  To contrast with the annealed, not uniformly elliptic case, we also provide
an LDP in the quenched setting for conductances that are bounded and bounded
away from zero. The main tool here is a spectral homogenisation result, based
on a quenched invariance principle for the RWRC.


title:
Dynamics of coupled vibration modes in a quantum non-linear mechanical
  resonator

abstract:
  We investigate the behaviour of two non-linearly coupled flexural modes of a
doubly-clamped suspended beam (nanomechanical resonator). One of the modes is
externally driven. We demonstrate that classically, the behavior of the
non-driven mode is reminiscent of that of a parametrically driven linear
oscillator: It exhibits a threshold behavior, with the amplitude of this mode
below the threshold being exactly zero. Quantum-mechanically, we were able to
access the dynamics of this mode below the classical parametric threshold. We
show that whereas the mean displacement of this mode is still zero, the mean
squared displacement is finite and at the threshold corresponds to the
occupation number of 1/2. This finite displacement of the non-driven mode can
serve as an experimentally verifiable quantum signature of quantum motion.


title: An abstract KAM theorem

abstract:
  The KAM iterative scheme turns out to be effective in many problems arising
in perturbation theory. I propose an abstract version of the KAM theorem to
gather these different results.


title:
Comment on "Weak Measurements with Orbital-Angular-Momentum Pointer
  states"

abstract:
  In a recent Letter (Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 040401 (2012)), G. Puentes, N.
Hermosa and J. P. Torres report a scheme for extracting higher-order weak
values by using orbital-angular momentum states as pointer states. They claim
that such weak values are inaccessible with a Gaussian pointer state only. In
this Comment, we show that the Gaussian pointer state by itself can provide
access to the higher-order weak value, if suitable pointer displacement is
observed.


title:
Temperature and magnetic field dependence of a Kondo system in the weak
  coupling regime

abstract:
  The Kondo effect arises due to the interaction between a localized spin and
the electrons of a surrounding host. Studies of individual magnetic impurities
by scanning tunneling spectroscopy have renewed interest in Kondo physics;
however, a quantitative comparison with theoretical predictions remained
challenging. Here we show that the zero-bias anomaly detected on an organic
radical weakly coupled to a Au (111) surface can be described with astonishing
agreement by perturbation theory as originally developed by Kondo 60 years ago.
Our results demonstrate that Kondo physics can only be fully conceived by
studying both temperature and magnetic field dependence of the resonance. The
identification of a spin 1/2 Kondo system is of relevance not only as a
benchmark for predictions for Kondo physics but also for correlated electron
materials in general.


title:
Reducing influence of antiferromagnetic interactions on ferromagnetic
  properties of p-(Cd,Mn)Te quantum wells

abstract:
  In order to explain the absence of hysteresis in ferromagnetic p-type
(Cd,Mn)Te quantum wells (QWs), spin dynamics was previously investigated by
Monte Carlo simulations combining the Metropolis algorithm with the
determination of hole eigenfunctions at each Monte Carlo sweep. Short-range
antiferromagnetic superexchange interactions between Mn spins - which compete
with the hole-mediated long-range ferromagnetic coupling - were found to
accelerate magnetization dynamics if the the layer containing Mn spins is wider
than the vertical range of the hole wave function. Employing this approach it
is shown here that appreciate magnitudes of remanence and coercivity can be
obtained if Mn ions are introduced to the quantum well in a delta-like fashion.


title:
Formalization, Mechanization and Automation of G\"odel's Proof of God's
  Existence

abstract:
  G\"odel's ontological proof has been analysed for the first-time with an
unprecedent degree of detail and formality with the help of higher-order
theorem provers. The following has been done (and in this order): A detailed
natural deduction proof. A formalization of the axioms, definitions and
theorems in the TPTP THF syntax. Automatic verification of the consistency of
the axioms and definitions with Nitpick. Automatic demonstration of the
theorems with the provers LEO-II and Satallax. A step-by-step formalization
using the Coq proof assistant. A formalization using the Isabelle proof
assistant, where the theorems (and some additional lemmata) have been automated
with Sledgehammer and Metis.


title:
Position-Momentum Uncertainty Relations in the Presence of Quantum
  Memory

abstract:
  A prominent formulation of the uncertainty principle identifies the
fundamental quantum feature that no particle may be prepared with certain
outcomes for both position and momentum measurements. Often the statistical
uncertainties are thereby measured in terms of entropies providing a clear
operational interpretation in information theory and cryptography. Recently,
entropic uncertainty relations have been used to show that the uncertainty can
be reduced in the presence of entanglement and to prove security of quantum
cryptographic tasks. However, much of this recent progress has been focused on
observables with only a finite number of outcomes not including Heisenberg's
original setting of position and momentum observables. Here we show entropic
uncertainty relations for general observables with discrete but infinite or
continuous spectrum that take into account the power of an entangled observer.
As an illustration, we evaluate the uncertainty relations for position and
momentum measurements, which is operationally significant in that it implies
security of a quantum key distribution scheme based on homodyne detection of
squeezed Gaussian states.


title:
Weil-Ch\^atelet divisible elements in Tate-Shafarevich groups II: On a
  question of Cassels

abstract:
  For an abelian variety A over a number field k we discuss the divisibility in
H^1(k,A) of elements of the subgroup Sha(A/k). The results are most complete
for elliptic curves over Q.


title:
Higher order strong approximations of semilinear stochastic wave
  equation with additive space-time white noise

abstract:
  Novel fully discrete schemes are developed to numerically approximate a
semilinear stochastic wave equation driven by additive space-time white noise.
Spectral Galerkin method is proposed for the spatial discretization, and
exponential time integrators involving linear functionals of the noise are
introduced for the temporal approximation. The resulting fully discrete schemes
are very easy to implement and allow for higher strong convergence rate in time
than existing time-stepping schemes such as the Crank-Nicolson-Maruyama scheme
and the stochastic trigonometric method. Particularly, it is shown that the new
schemes achieve in time an order of $1- \epsilon$ for arbitrarily small
$\epsilon >0$, which exceeds the barrier order $\frac{1}{2}$ established by
Walsh. Numerical results confirm higher convergence rates and computational
efficiency of the new schemes.


title:
Climate Dynamics: A Network-Based Approach for the Analysis of Global
  Precipitation

abstract:
  Precipitation is one of the most important meteorological variables for
defining the climate dynamics, but the spatial patterns of precipitation have
not been fully investigated yet. The complex network theory, which provides a
robust tool to investigate the statistical interdependence of many interacting
elements, is used here to analyze the spatial dynamics of annual precipitation
over seventy years (1941-2010).
  The precipitation network reveals significant spatial variability with barely
connected regions, as Eastern China and Japan, and highly connected regions,
such as the African Sahel, Eastern Australia and, to a lesser extent, Northern
Europe. Sahel and Eastern Australia are remarkably dry regions, where low
amounts of rainfall are uniformly distributed on continental scales and
small-scale extreme events are rare. As a consequence, the precipitation
gradient is low, making these regions well connected on a large spatial scale.
On the contrary, the Asiatic South-East is often reached by extreme events such
as monsoons, tropical cyclones and heat waves, which can all contribute to
reduce the correlation to the short-range scale only.
  Some patterns emerging between mid-latitude and tropical regions suggest a
possible impact of the propagation of planetary waves on precipitation at a
global scale. Other links can be qualitatively associated to the atmospheric
and oceanic circulation. To analyze the sensitivity of the network to the
physical closeness of the nodes, short-term connections are broken. The African
Sahel, Eastern Australia and Northern Europe regions again appear as the
supernodes of the network, confirming furthermore their long-range connection
structure. Almost all North-American and Asian nodes vanish, revealing that
extreme events can enhance high precipitation gradients, leading to a
systematic absence of long-range patterns.


title: What caused the GeV flare of PSR B1259-63 ?

abstract:
  PSR B1259-63 is a gamma-ray binary system composed of a high spindown pulsar
and a massive star. Non-thermal emission up to TeV energies is observed near
periastron passage, attributed to emission from high energy e+e- pairs
accelerated at the shock with the circumstellar material from the companion
star, resulting in a small-scale pulsar wind nebula. Weak gamma-ray emission
was detected by the Fermi/LAT at the last periastron passage, unexpectedly
followed 30 days later by a strong flare, limited to the GeV band, during which
the luminosity nearly reached the spindown power of the pulsar. The origin of
this GeV flare remains mysterious. We investigate whether the flare could have
been caused by pairs, located in the vicinity of the pulsar, up-scattering
X-ray photons from the surrounding pulsar wind nebula rather than UV stellar
photons, as usually assumed. Such a model is suggested by the geometry of the
interaction region at the time of the flare. We compute the gamma-ray
lightcurve for this scenario, based on a simplified description of the
interaction region, and compare it to the observations. The GeV lightcurve
peaks well after periastron with this geometry. The pairs are inferred to have
a Lorentz factor ~500. They also produce an MeV flare with a luminosity ~1e34
erg/s prior to periastron passage. A significant drawback is the very high
energy density of target photons required for efficient GeV emission. We
propose to associate the GeV-emitting pairs with the Maxwellian expected at
shock locations corresponding to high pulsar latitudes, while the rest of the
non-thermal emission arises from pairs accelerated in the equatorial region of
the pulsar wind termination shock.


title:
A Study of Dynamic Lorentz Force Detuning of 650 MHz {\beta}g= 0.9
  Superconducting Radiofrequency Cavity

abstract:
  The small bandwidth of superconducting cavities makes the study of dynamic
Lorentz force detuning and its compensation indispensable in case of pulsed
mode operation of high gradient accelerators. In this paper, we present the
study of this detuning and also propose an optimized design for five cell 650
MHz {\beta}g= 0.9 elliptic superconducting cavities, which will be used in the
high energy section of the 1 GeV H- linear accelerator for the proposed Indian
Spallation Neutron Source project, by suitably inserting the inter-cell
stiffeners. The paper presents a sequential design methodology which starts
with study of static Lorentz force detuning and tunability; and progresses to
find out the structural modes and related dynamic detuning values by performing
transient structural dynamics calculations. The developed methodology is
general in nature and can be used for a three dimensional model of any
geometry. The work will be useful for optimizing the design against dynamic
Lorentz force detuning of superconducting radiofrequency cavities of any shape.


title: Optical Observations of PSR J0205+6449 - the next optical pulsar?

abstract:
  PSR J0205+6449 is a young ({\approx} 5400 years), Crab-like pulsar detected
in radio and at X and {\gamma}-ray energies and has the third largest spin-down
flux among known rotation powered pulsars. It also powers a bright synchrotron
nebula detected in the optical and X-rays. At a distance of {\approx} 3.2 kpc
and with an extinction comparable to the Crab, PSR J0205+6449 is an obvious
target for optical observations. We observed PSR J0205+6449 with several
optical facilities, including 8m class ground-based telescopes, such as the
Gemini and the Gran Telescopio Canarias. We detected a point source, at a
significance of 5.5{\sigma}, of magnitude i {\approx} 25.5, at the centre of
the optical synchrotron nebula, coincident with the very accurate Chandra and
radio positions of the pulsar. Thus, we discovered a candidate optical
counterpart to PSR J0205+6449. The pulsar candidate counterpart is also
detected in the g ({\approx}27.4) band and weakly in the r ({\approx}26.2)
band. Its optical spectrum is fit by a power law with photon index {\Gamma}0 =
1.9{\pm}0.5, proving that the optical emission if of non-thermal origin, is as
expected for a young pulsar. The optical photon index is similar to the X-ray
one ({\Gamma}X = 1.77{\pm}0.03), although the optical fluxes are below the
extrapolation of the X-ray power spectrum. This would indicate the presence of
a double spectral break between the X-ray and optical energy range, at variance
with what is observed for the Crab and Vela pulsars, but similar to the Large
Magellanic Cloud pulsar PSR B0540-69.


title:
The Hospitals / Residents Problem with Couples: Complexity and Integer
  Programming Models

abstract:
  The Hospitals / Residents problem with Couples (HRC) is a generalisation of
the classical Hospitals / Resident problem (HR) that is important in practical
applications because it models the case where couples submit joint preference
lists over pairs of (typically geographically close) hospitals. In this paper
we give a new NP-completeness result for the problem of deciding whether a
stable matching exists, in highly restricted instances of HRC. Further, we
present an Integer Programming (IP) model for HRC and extend it the case where
preference lists can include ties. Also, we describe an empirical study of an
IP model or HRC and its extension to the case where preference lists can
include ties. This model was applied to randomly generated instances and also
real-world instances arising from previous matching runs of the Scottish
Foundation Allocation Scheme, used to allocate junior doctors to hospitals in
Scotland.


title:
Clifford quartic forms and local functional equations of
  non-prehomogeneous type

abstract:
  We construct polynomials of degree 4 that can not be obtained from
prehomogeneous vector spaces, but, for which one can associate local zeta
functions satisfying functional equations.


title: Electron transport through a quantum dot assisted by cavity photons

abstract:
  We investigate transient transport of electrons through a single-quantum-dot
controlled by a plunger gate. The dot is embedded in a finite wire that is
weakly coupled to leads and strongly coupled to a single cavity photon mode. A
non-Markovian density-matrix formalism is employed to take into account the
full electron-photon interaction in the transient regime. In the absence of a
photon cavity, a resonant current peak can be found by tuning the plunger gate
voltage to lift a many-body state of the system into the source-drain bias
window. In the presence of an $x$-polarized photon field, additional side peaks
can be found due to photon-assisted transport. By appropriately tuning the
plunger-gate voltage, the electrons in the left lead are allowed to make
coherent inelastic scattering to a two-photon state above the bias window if
initially one photon was present in the cavity. However, this photon-assisted
feature is suppressed in the case of a $y$-polarized photon field due to the
anisotropy of our system caused by its geometry.


title: The Pandora Particle Flow Algorithm

abstract:
  A high-energy e+e- collider, such as the ILC or CLIC, is arguably the best
option to complement and extend the LHC physics programme. A lepton collider
will allow for exploration of Standard Model Physics, such as precise
measurements of the Higgs, top and gauge sectors, in addition to enabling a
multitude of New Physics searches. However, physics analyses at such a collider
will place unprecedented demands on calorimetry, with a required jet energy
resolution of \sigma(E)/E < 3.5%. To meet these requirements will need a new
approach to calorimetry.
  The particle flow approach to calorimetry requires both fine granularity
detectors and sophisticated software algorithms. It promises to deliver
unparalleled jet energy resolution by fully reconstructing the paths of
individual particles through the detector. The energies of charged particles
can then be extracted from precise inner detector tracker measurements, whilst
photon energies will be measured in the ECAL, and only neutral hadron energies
(10% of jet energies) will be measured in the HCAL, largely avoiding the
typically poor HCAL resolution.
  This document introduces the Pandora particle flow algorithms, which offer
the current state of the art in particle flow calorimetry for the ILC and CLIC.
The performance of the algorithms is investigated by examining the
reconstructed jet energy resolution and the ability to separate the hadronic
decays of W and Z bosons.


title: Schur tensor product of operator spaces

abstract:
  We develop a systematic study of the schur tensor product both in the
category of operator spaces and in that of $C^*$-algebras.


title:
Raman study of CFC tiles extracted from the toroidal pump limiter of
  Tore Supra

abstract:
  The structure of six tiles extracted from the erosion and deposition zones
(thin and thick deposition) of the Tore Supra toroidal pump limiter (TPL) have
been analysed in the framework of the DITS campaign using micro-Raman
spectroscopy. This post-mortem analysis gives information on both carbon
structure and D content. We have found that the carbon structure is most often
similar to that of plasma-deposited hard amorphous carbon layers. The role of
the surface temperature during the discharge in the D content is investigated:
in all locations where the temperature does not reach more than 500{\degree}C
the D content seems to be roughly uniform with D/D+C \approx 20%.


title: Descriptive complexity of countable unions of Borel rectangles

abstract:
  We give, for each countable ordinal $\xi \geq 1$, an example of a
${\bf\Delta}^0_2$ countable union of Borel rectangles that cannot be decomposed
into countably many ${\bf\Pi}^0_\xi$ rectangles. In fact, we provide a graph of
a partial injection with disjoint domain and range, which is a difference of
two closed sets, and which has no ${\bf\Delta}^0_\xi$-measurable countable
coloring.


title:
Raman micro-spectroscopy as a tool to measure the absorption coefficient
  and the erosion rate of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films heat-treated
  under hydrogen bombardment

abstract:
  We present a fast and simple way to determine the erosion rate and absorption
coefficient of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films exposed to a hydrogen atomic
source based on ex-situ Raman micro-spectroscopy. Results are compared to
ellipsometry measurement. The method is applied to films eroded at different
temperatures. A maximum of the erosion rate is found at ~ 450 {\degree}C in
agreement with previous results. This technique is suitable for future
quantitative studies on the erosion of thin carbonaceous films, especially of
interest for plasma wall interactions occurring in thermonuclear fusion
devices.


title:
Raman spectroscopy investigation of the H content of heated hard
  amorphous carbon layers

abstract:
  We revisit here how Raman spectroscopy can be used to estimate the H content
in hard hydrogenated amorphous carbon layers. The H content was varied from 2
at.% to 30 at.%, using heat treatments of a a-C:H, from room temperature to
1300 K and was determined independently using ion beam analysis. We examine the
correlation of various Raman parameters and the consistency of their thermal
evolution with thermo-desorption results. We identify a weak band at 860 cm-1
attributed to H bonded to C(sp2). We show that the HD/HG parameter (Height
ratio between the D and G bands) is quasi-linear in the full range of H content
and can thus be used to estimate the H content. Conversely, we show that the
m/HG parameter (ratio between the photoluminescence background, m, and the
height of the G band), often used to estimate the H content, should be used
with care, first because it is sensitive to various photoluminescence quenching
processes and second because it is not sensitive to H bonded to C(sp2).


title:
Long Term H-Release from Amorphous Carbon Evidenced by in Situ Raman
  Microscopy under Isothermal Heating

abstract:
  We study the kinetics of the H release from plasma-deposited hydrogenated
amorphous carbon films under isothermal heating at 450, 500 and 600 {\degree}C
for long times up to several days using in situ Raman microscopy. Four Raman
parameters are analyzed. They allow the identification of different processes
such as the carbon network reorganization and the H release from sp3 or sp2
carbon atoms and the corresponding timescales. Carbon reorganization with
aromatization and loss of sp3 hybridization occurs first in 100 minutes at 500
{\degree}C. The final organization is similar at all investigated temperatures.
Full H release from sp3 carbon occurs on a longer timescale of about 10 hours
while H release from sp2 carbon atoms is only partial, even after several days.
All these processes occur more rapidly with higher initial H content, in
agreement with what is known about the stability of these types of films. A
quantitative analysis of these kinetics studies gives valuable information
about the microscopic processes at the origin of the H release through the
determination of activation energies.


title: Observation of the decay Bc+ -> Bs0 pi+

abstract:
  The result of a search for the decay Bc+ -> Bs0 pi+ is presented, using the
Bs0 -> Ds- pi+ and Bs0 -> J/psi Phi channels. The analysis is based on a data
sample of pp collisions collected with the LHCb detector, corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of 1 fb-1 taken at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, and
2 fb-1 taken at 8 TeV. The decay Bc+ -> Bs0 pi+ is observed with significance
in excess of five standard deviations independently in both decay channels. The
measured product of the ratio of cross-sections and branching fraction is
sigma(Bc+)/sigma(Bs0) x BR(Bc+ -> Bs0 pi+) = (2.37 \pm 0.31 (stat) \pm 0.11
(syst)^{+0.17}_{-0.13} (tau_Bc)) x 10^-3 in the pseudorapidity range 2 < eta(B)
< 5, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic and
the third is due to the uncertainty on the Bc lifetime. This is the first
observation of a B meson decaying to another B meson via the weak interaction.


title:
Directional fidelity of nanoscale motors and particles is limited by the
  second law of thermodynamics via a universal equality

abstract:
  Directional motion of nanoscale motors and driven particles in an isothermal
environment costs a finite amount of energy despite zero work as decreed by the
2nd law, but quantifying this general limit remains difficult. Here we derive a
universal equality linking directional fidelity of an arbitrary nanoscale
object to the least possible energy driving it. The fidelity-energy equality
depends on the environmental temperature alone; any lower energy would violate
the 2nd law in a thought experiment. Real experimental proof for the equality
comes from force-induced motion of biological nanomotors by three independent
groups for translational as well as rotational motion. Interestingly, the
natural self-propelled motion of a biological nanomotor (F1-ATPase) known to
have nearly 100% energy efficiency evidently pays the 2nd-law decreed least
energy cost for direction production.


title:
Role of directional fidelity in multiple extreme performance of
  F1-ATPase motor

abstract:
  Quantitative understanding of the best possible performance of nanomotors
allowed by physical laws pertains to study of nanomotors from biology as well
as nanotechnology. Biological nanomotor F1-ATPase is the best available model
system as it is the only nanomotor known for extreme energy conversion near the
limit of energy conservation. Using a unified theoretical framework centred on
a concept called directional fidelity, we analyze recent experiments in which
F1-motor's performance was measured for controlled chemical potentials, and
expose from the experiments quantitative evidence for the motor's multiple
extreme performance in directional fidelity, speed and catalytic capability
close to physical limits. Specifically, the motor nearly exhausts available
energy from the fuel to retain the highest possible directional fidelity for
arbitrary load, encompassing the motor's extreme energy conversion and beyond.
The theory-experiment comparison implies a tight chemomechanical coupling up to
stalemate as futile steps occur but unlikely involve fuel consumption. The
F1-motor data also helps clarify relation between directional fidelity and
experimentally measured stepping ratio.


title: Bipedal nanowalker by pure physical mechanisms

abstract:
  Artificial nanowalkers are inspired by biomolecular counterparts from living
cells, but remain far from comparable to the latter in design principles. The
walkers reported to date mostly rely on chemical mechanisms to gain a
direction; they all produce chemical wastes. Here we report a light-powered DNA
bipedal walker based on a design principle derived from cellular walkers. The
walker has two identical feet and the track has equal binding sites; yet the
walker gains a direction by pure physical mechanisms that autonomously amplify
an intra-site asymmetry into a ratchet effect. The nanowalker is free of any
chemical waste. It has a distinct thermodynamic feature that it possesses the
same equilibrium before and after operation, but generates a truly
non-equilibrium distribution during operation. The demonstrated design
principle exploits mechanical effects and is adaptable for use in other
nanomachines.


title:
Searching for chemical inhomogeneities in Open Clusters: Analysis of the
  CN and CH Molecular Band Strengths in NGC 2158, NGC 2420, NGC 2682, NGC 7789
  and Berkeley 29

abstract:
  Context: The total mass of a cluster, being the main parameter determining
its ability to host more than one stellar generation, may constitute a
threshold below which the cluster is able to form only a single stellar
population. AIms: Our goal is to investigate the existence of star-to-star
variations of CN and CH band strengths, related to the N and C abundances,
respectively, among the stars in five open cluster (NGC 2158, NGC 2420, NGC
2682, NGC 7789 and Berkeley 29) similar to those observed in globular clusters
and linked with the existence of multiple populations therein. Since these
systems are less massive than globulars, our results may allow us to constrain
the lower mass necessary to form more than one stellar population. Methods: We
measured the strength of the CN and CH bands, which correlate with the C and N
abundances, using four molecular indices in low-resolution SDSS/SEGUE spectra.
Results: We found that for four of the open clusters (NGC 2158, NGC 2420, NGC
2682 and Berkeley 29) all the stars studied in each of them have similar CN and
CH band strengths within the uncertainties since neither anomalous spreads nor
bimodalities have been detected in their CN and CH distributions. In contrast,
for NGC 7789 we found an anomalous spread in the strength of the CN molecular
band at 3839 \AA which is larger than the uncertainties. However, the small
number of stars studied in this cluster implies that further analysis is needed
to confirm the existence of chemical inhomogeneities in this cluster.


title:
Upper Bound for Critical Probability of Site Percolation on Triangular
  Lattice

abstract:
  In site percolation, vertices (sites) of a graph are open with probability p,
and there is critical p, for which open vertices form an open path the long way
across a graph, so a vertex at the origin is a part of an infinite connected
open vertex set. Smirnov found that for triangular lattice critical p is 0.5,
but there is the traversal, from the origin upwards, so that an infinite
connected open vertex set exists for critical p=0.3535.


title: A High Resolution View of the Warm Absorber in the Quasar MR2251-178

abstract:
  High resolution X-ray spectroscopy of the warm absorber in the nearby quasar,
MR2251-178 (z = 0.06398) is presented. The observations were carried out in
2011 using the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating and the XMM-Newton
Reflection Grating Spectrometer, with net exposure times of approximately 400
ks each. A multitude of absorption lines from C to Fe are detected, revealing
at least 3 warm absorbing components ranging in ionization parameter from
log(\xi/erg cm s^-1) = 1-3 and with outflow velocities < 500 km/s. The lowest
ionization absorber appears to vary between the Chandra and XMM-Newton
observations, which implies a radial distance of between 9-17 pc from the black
hole. Several broad soft X-ray emission lines are strongly detected, most
notably from He-like Oxygen, with FWHM velocity widths of up to 10000 km/s,
consistent with an origin from Broad Line Region (BLR) clouds. In addition to
the warm absorber, gas partially covering the line of sight to the quasar
appears to be present, of typical column density N_H = 10^23 cm^-2. We suggest
that the partial covering absorber may arise from the same BLR clouds
responsible for the broad soft X-ray emission lines. Finally the presence of a
highly ionised outflow in the iron K band from both 2002 and 2011 Chandra HETG
observations appears to be confirmed, which has an outflow velocity of -15600
\pm 2400 km/s. However a partial covering origin for the iron K absorption
cannot be excluded, resulting from low ionization material with little or no
outflow velocity.


title:
Infinite-time Average of Local Fields in an Integrable Quantum Field
  Theory after a Quantum Quench

abstract:
  The infinite-time average of the expectation values of local fields of any
interacting quantum theory after a global quench process are key quantities for
matching theoretical and experimental results. For quantum integrable field
theories, we show that they can be obtained by an ensemble average that employs
a particular limit of the Form Factors of local fields and quantities extracted
by the Generalized Bethe Ansatz.


title: Spin in an arbitrary gravitational field

abstract:
  We study the quantum mechanics of a Dirac fermion on a curved spacetime
manifold. The metric of the spacetime is completely arbitrary, allowing for the
discussion of all possible inertial and gravitational field configurations. In
this framework, we find the Hermitian Dirac Hamiltonian for an arbitrary
classical external field (including the gravitational and electromagnetic
ones). In order to discuss the physical content of the quantum-mechanical
model, we further apply the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation, and derive the
quantum equations of motion for the spin and position operators. We analyse the
semiclassical limit of these equations and compare the results with the
dynamics of a classical particle with spin in the framework of the standard
Mathisson-Papapetrou theory and in the classical canonical theory. The
comparison of the quantum mechanical and classical equations of motion of a
spinning particle in an arbitrary gravitational field shows their complete
agreement.


title: Observability of rectangular membranes and plates on small sets

abstract:
  Since the works of Haraux and Jaffard we know that rectangular plates may be
observed by subregions not satisfying the geometrical control condition. We
improve these results by observing only on an arbitrarily short segment inside
the domain. The estimates may be strengthened by observing on several
well-chosen segments.
  In the second part of the paper we establish various observability theorems
for rectangular membranes by applying Mehrenberger's recent generalization of
Ingham's theorem.


title:
A doubling subset of $L_p$ for $p>2$ that is inherently infinite
  dimensional

abstract:
  It is shown that for every $p\in (2,\infty)$ there exists a doubling subset
of $L_p$ that does not admit a bi-Lipschitz embedding into $\R^k$ for any $k\in
\N$.