title: Status Report on Universal Extra Dimensions After LHC8

abstract:
  Although they do not address the hierarchy problem, models with Universal
Extra Dimensions have attracted a lot of attention as simple benchmark models
characterized by small mass splittings and a dark matter WIMP played by the
Lightest Kaluza-Klein particle (LKP). We review their status, with emphasis on
the minimal implementation in 5 dimensions (MUED) in which the LKP is a massive
hypercharge gauge boson. In this case, the mass range accounting for the
correct dark matter abundance (around 1.4 TeV) remains untouched by LHC8 and is
out of reach of present DM direct detection experiments. However, LHC14 can
probe the relevant region in the 3-lepton channel.


title: Spectra of strong MHD Turbulence from high-resolution simulations

abstract:
  Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence is a ubiquitous phenomenon in solar physics,
plasma physics and astrophysics and governs many properties of the flows of
well-conductive fluids. Recently, conflicting spectral slopes for the inertial
range of MHD turbulence has been reported by different groups. Varying spectral
shapes from earlier simulations hinted at a wider spectral locality of MHD,
which necessitated higher resolution simulations and careful and rigorous
numerical analysis. In this Letter we present two groups of simulations with
resolution up to 4096^3 that are numerically well-resolved and has been
analyzed with exact and well-tested method of scaling study. Our results from
both simulation groups indicate that the power spectral slope for all
energy-related quantities, such as total energy and residual energy are around
-1.7, close to Kolmogorov's -5/3. This suggests that residual energy is the
constant fraction, 0.15+-0.03 of the total energy and that in asymptotic regime
magnetic and kinetic spectra have the same scaling. The -1.5 slope for energy
and -2 slope for residual energy suggested by other groups seems to be
completely inconsistent with numerics.


title:
Proof of the 1-factorization and Hamilton decomposition conjectures III:
  approximate decompositions

abstract:
  In a sequence of four papers, we prove the following results (via a unified
approach) for all sufficiently large $n$:
  (i) [1-factorization conjecture] Suppose that $n$ is even and $D\geq 2\lceil
n/4\rceil -1$. Then every $D$-regular graph $G$ on $n$ vertices has a
decomposition into perfect matchings. Equivalently, $\chi'(G)=D$.
  (ii) [Hamilton decomposition conjecture] Suppose that $D \ge \lfloor n/2
\rfloor $. Then every $D$-regular graph $G$ on $n$ vertices has a decomposition
into Hamilton cycles and at most one perfect matching.
  (iii) We prove an optimal result on the number of edge-disjoint Hamilton
cycles in a graph of given minimum degree.
  According to Dirac, (i) was first raised in the 1950s. (ii) and (iii) answer
questions of Nash-Williams from 1970. The above bounds are best possible. In
the current paper, we show the following: suppose that $G$ is close to a
complete balanced bipartite graph or to the union of two cliques of equal size.
If we are given a suitable set of path systems which cover a set of
`exceptional' vertices and edges of $G$, then we can extend these path systems
into an approximate decomposition of $G$ into Hamilton cycles (or perfect
matchings if appropriate).


title: Geodesics on path spaces and double category

abstract:
  Let $M$ be a Riemannian manifold and ${\mathcal P}M$ be the space of all
smooth paths on $M$. We describe geodesics on path space ${\mathcal P}M$.
Normal neighbourhood structure on ${\mathcal P}M$ has been discussed. We
identify paths on $M$ under "back-track" equivalence. Under this identification
we show that if $M$ is complete, then geodesics on path space yield a double
category.We gave a physical interpretation of this double category.


title: Higher Derivative Corrections to O-plane Actions: NS-NS Sector

abstract:
  We classify all possible two- and four-derivative couplings of bulk NS-NS
sector fields to a single Op-plane which are compatible with diffeomorphism
invariance and B-field gauge invariance. This is applicable to type IIA or IIB
superstrings or to the bosonic string. We then consider this general action in
various classes of backgrounds that admit a U(1) isometry and determine the
constraints on the couplings from consistency with T-duality. We show that this
consistency requires the two-derivative action to vanish, and the entire
non-linear four-derivative action is fixed up to one overall constant which can
be determined by comparison with a two-point scattering amplitude. The
resulting action is consistent with all previously computed couplings.


title: Demography and the age of rare variants

abstract:
  Large whole-genome sequencing projects have provided access to much of the
rare variation in human populations, which is highly informative about
population structure and recent demography. Here, we show how the age of rare
variants can be estimated from patterns of haplotype sharing and how these ages
can be related to historical relationships between populations. We investigate
the distribution of the age of variants occurring exactly twice (f2 variants)
in a worldwide sample sequenced by the 1000 Genomes Project, revealing enormous
variation across populations. The median age of haplotypes carrying f2 variants
is 50 to 160 generations across populations within Europe or Asia, and 170 to
320 generations within Africa. Haplotypes shared between continents are much
older with median ages for haplotypes shared between Europe and Asia ranging
from 320 to 670 generations. The distribution of the ages of f2 haplotypes is
informative about their demography, revealing recent bottlenecks, ancient
splits, and more modern connections between populations. We see the signature
of selection in the observation that functional variants are significantly
younger than nonfunctional variants of the same frequency. This approach is
relatively insensitive to mutation rate and complements other nonparametric
methods for demographic inference.


title:
An Eccentricity-Mass Relation for Galaxies from Tidally Disrupting
  Satellites

abstract:
  We infer the past orbit of the Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf galaxy in the Milky
Way halo by integrating backwards from its observed position and proper
motions, including the effects of dynamical friction. Given measured proper
motions, we show that there is a relation between the eccentricity ($e$) of
Sgr's orbit and the mass of the Milky Way ($M_{T}$) in the limit of no
dynamical friction. That relation can be fit by a power-law of the form: $e
\approx 0.49 \left(M_{T}/10^{12} M_{\odot}\right)^{-0.88}$. At a fixed Milky
Way mass, the dynamical friction term increases the mean eccentricity of the
orbit and lowers the spread in eccentricities in proportion to the mass of the
Sgr dwarf. We explore the implications of various observational constraints on
Sgr's apocenter on the $e-M$ relation; Sgr masses outside the range $10^{9}
M_{\odot} \la M_{\rm Sgr} \la 5 \times 10^{10} M_{\odot}$ are precluded, for
Milky Way masses $\sim 1 - 2.5 \times 10^{12} M_{\odot}$. If Belokurov et al.'s
(2014) observations represent the farthest point of Sgr's stream, then Milky
Way masses in excess of $2 \times 10^{12} M_{\odot}$ are excluded for $M_{\rm
Sgr} \la 10^{10} M_{\odot}$. Deeper observations of Sgr's tidal debris, from
upcoming surveys such as GAIA, will allow better measurement of the Milky Way
mass and of the Sgr dwarf.


title:
Proof of the 1-factorization and Hamilton decomposition conjectures IV:
  exceptional systems for the two cliques case

abstract:
  In a sequence of four papers, we prove the following results (via a unified
approach) for all sufficiently large $n$:
  (i) [1-factorization conjecture] Suppose that $n$ is even and $D\geq 2\lceil
n/4\rceil -1$. Then every $D$-regular graph $G$ on $n$ vertices has a
decomposition into perfect matchings. Equivalently, $\chi'(G)=D$.
  (ii) [Hamilton decomposition conjecture] Suppose that $D \ge \lfloor n/2
\rfloor $. Then every $D$-regular graph $G$ on $n$ vertices has a decomposition
into Hamilton cycles and at most one perfect matching.
  (iii) We prove an optimal result on the number of edge-disjoint Hamilton
cycles in a graph of given minimum degree.
  According to Dirac, (i) was first raised in the 1950s. (ii) and (iii) answer
questions of Nash-Williams from 1970. The above bounds are best possible. In
the current paper, we prove results on the decomposition of sparse graphs into
path systems. These are used in the proof of (i) and (ii) in the case when $G$
is close to the union of two disjoint cliques.


title: Active silicon integrated nanophotonics: ferroelectric BaTiO3 devices

abstract:
  The integration of complex oxides on silicon presents opportunities to extend
and enhance silicon technology with novel electronic, magnetic, and photonic
properties. Among these materials, barium titanate (BaTiO3) is a particularly
strong ferroelectric perovskite oxide with attractive dielectric and
electro-optic properties. Here we demonstrate nanophotonic circuits
incorporating ferroelectric BaTiO3 thin films on the ubiquitous
silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. We grow epitaxial, single-crystalline
BaTiO3 directly on SOI and engineer integrated waveguide structures that
simultaneously confine light and an RF electric field in the BaTiO3 layer.
Using on-chip photonic interferometers, we extract a large effective Pockels
coefficient of 213 plus minus 49 pm/V, a value more than six times larger than
found in commercial optical modulators based on lithium niobate. The
monolithically integrated BaTiO3 optical modulators show modulation bandwidth
in the gigahertz regime, which is promising for broadband applications.


title:
Is the Higgs Boson Associated with Coleman-Weinberg Dynamical Symmetry
  Breaking?

abstract:
  The Higgs mechanism may be a quantum phenomenon, i.e., a Coleman-Weinberg
potential generated by the explicit breaking of scale symmetry in Feynman
loops. We review the relationship of scale symmetry, trace anomalies, and
emphasize the role of the renormalization group in determining Coleman-
Weinberg potentials. We propose a simple phenomenological model with "maximal
visibility" at the LHC containing a "dormant" Higgs doublet (no VEV, coupled to
standard model gauge interactions $SU(2)\times U(1)$) with a mass of $\sim 380$
GeV. We discuss the LHC phenomenology and UV challenges of such a model. We
also give a schematic model in which new heavy fermions, with masses $\sim 230$
GeV, can drive a Coleman-Weinberg potential at two-loops. The role of the
"improved stress tensor" is emphasized, and we propose a non-gravitational
term, analogous to the $\theta$-term in QCD, which generates it from a scalar
action.


title: The escape physics of single shot measurement of flux qubit with dcSQUID

abstract:
  In most experiments on flux qubits,the "measurement" is performed by coupling
the system to a dc SQUID and recording the distribution of switching currents
for the latter;this measurement protocol is very far from the classic von
Neumann ("projective") scheme,in that very little information is obtained from
a single run,rather one has to repeat the experiment tens of thosands of times
to extract anything useful.Here, concentrating on the equlibrium behavior of
the flux qubit,we carry out an analytic calculation of the dc-SQUID switching
current distribution as a function of external bias flux on the qubit,and
compare our predictions with the data from experiments conducted at Delft and
NTT.


title: Gyroscopic Stability of Open Tipped Match Style Rifle Bullets

abstract:
  Earlier work has produced formulas for predicting stability of rifle bullets
of near uniform density and also for plastic-tipped rifle bullets. These
formulas have been shown to be accurate within 5%. However, the original Miller
stability formula for metal bullets of near uniform density underestimates the
stability of match style open tipped rifle bullets having a significant empty
volume in the tip. This paper presents a new formula for accurately estimating
the stability of these open tipped match style rifle bullets from parameters
easily obtained such as the bullet mass, length, and depth of the empty space
in the tip. The formula is tested by observations of whether bullets tumble and
by measuring the aerodynamic drag vs. predicted stability of several bullets
over a range of stabilities. In addition to confirmation in several test cases
with original firing data, the new stability formula is validated by comparison
with BRL spark range stability data for the 168 grain Sierra International in
.308 to an accuracy of 2% for supersonic velocities (> M1.2).


title:
Nonparametric reconstruction of the cosmic expansion with local
  regression smoothing and simulation extrapolation

abstract:
  In this work we present a nonparametric approach, which works on minimal
assumptions, to reconstruct the cosmic expansion of the Universe. We propose to
combine a locally weighted scatterplot smoothing method and a
simulation-extrapolation method. The first one (Loess) is a nonparametric
approach that allows to obtain smoothed curves with no prior knowledge of the
functional relationship between variables nor of the cosmological quantities.
The second one (Simex) takes into account the effect of measurement errors on a
variable via a simulation process. For the reconstructions we use as raw data
the Union2.1 Type Ia Supernovae compilation, as well as recent Hubble parameter
measurements. This work aims to illustrate the approach, which turns out to be
a self-sufficient technique in the sense we do not have to choose anything by
hand. We examine the details of the method, among them the amount of
observational data needed to perform the locally weighted fit which will define
the robustness of our reconstruction. In view of our results, we believe that
our proposal offers a promising alternative for reconstructing global trends of
cosmological data when there is little intuition on the relationship between
the variables and we also think it even presents good prospects to generate
reliable mock data points where the original sample is poor.


title: Scalable Capacity Bounding Models for Wireless Networks

abstract:
  The framework of network equivalence theory developed by Koetter et al.
introduces a notion of channel emulation to construct noiseless networks as
upper (resp. lower) bounding models, which can be used to calculate the outer
(resp. inner) bounds for the capacity region of the original noisy network.
Based on the network equivalence framework, this paper presents scalable upper
and lower bounding models for wireless networks with potentially many nodes. A
channel decoupling method is proposed to decompose wireless networks into
decoupled multiple-access channels (MACs) and broadcast channels (BCs). The
upper bounding model, consisting of only point-to-point bit pipes, is
constructed by firstly extending the "one-shot" upper bounding models developed
by Calmon et al. and then integrating them with network equivalence tools. The
lower bounding model, consisting of both point-to-point and point-to-points bit
pipes, is constructed based on a two-step update of the lower bounding models
to incorporate the broadcast nature of wireless transmission. The main
advantages of the proposed methods are their simplicity and the fact that they
can be extended easily to large networks with a complexity that grows linearly
with the number of nodes. It is demonstrated that the resulting upper and lower
bounds can approach the capacity in some setups.


title:
The Black Hole Binary V4641 Sagitarii: Activity in Quiescence & Improved
  Mass Determinations

abstract:
  We examine ~10 years of photometric data and find that the black hole X-ray
binary V4641 Sgr has two optical states, passive and active, during X-ray
quiescence. The passive state is dominated by ellipsoidal variations and is
stable in the shape and variability of the light curve. The active state is
brighter and more variable. Emission during the active state varies over the
course of the orbital period and is redder than the companion star. These
optical/infrared states last for weeks or months. V4641 Sgr spends
approximately 85% of X-ray quiescence in the passive state and 15% in the
active. We analyze passive colors and spectroscopy of V4641 Sgr and show that
they are consistent with a reddened B9III star (with E(B-V) = 0.37 +/- 0.19)
with little or no contribution from the accretion disk. We use X-ray
observations with an updated ephemeris to place an upper limit on the duration
of an X-ray eclipse of <8.3 deg in phase (~1.6 hours). High resolution
spectroscopy yields a greatly improved measurement of the rotational velocity
of the companion star of V_rot_sin(i) = 100.9 +/- 0.8 km s^-1. We fit
ellipsoidal models to the passive state data and find an inclination angle of i
= 72.3 +/- 4.1 deg, a mass ratio of Q = 2.2 +/- 0.2, and component masses for
the system of M_BH = 6.4 +/- 0.6 M_sun and M_2 = 2.9 +/- 0.4 M_sun. Using these
values we calculate an updated distance to V4641 Sgr of 6.2 +/- 0.7 kpc.


title:
A novel method to bracket the corotation radius in galaxy disks: vertex
  deviation maps

abstract:
  We map the kinematics of stars in simulated galaxy disks with spiral arms
using the velocity ellipsoid vertex deviation (l$_v$). We use test particle
simulations, and for the first time, fully self-consistent high resolution
N-body models. We compare our maps with the Tight Winding Approximation model
analytical predictions. We see that for all barred models spiral arms rotate
closely to a rigid body manner and the vertex deviation values correlate with
the density peaks position bounded by overdense and underdense regions. In such
cases, vertex deviation sign changes from negative to positive when crossing
the spiral arms in the direction of disk rotation, in regions where the spiral
arms are in between corotation (CR) and the Outer Lindblad Resonance (OLR). By
contrast, when the arm sections are inside the CR and outside the OLR, l$_v$
changes from negative to positive.We propose that measurements of the vertex
deviations pattern can be used to trace the position of the main resonances of
the spiral arms. We propose that this technique might exploit future data from
Gaia and APOGEE surveys. For unbarred N-body simulations with spiral arms
corotating with disk material at all radii, our analysis suggests that no clear
correlation exists between l$_v$ and density structures.


title: QCD at non-zero temperature and magnetic field

abstract:
  A status of lattice QCD thermodynamics, as of 2013, is summarized. Only bulk
thermodynamics is considered. There is a separate section on magnetic fields.


title: Asymptotic properties of CP violation in the Standard Model

abstract:
  We present the analysis of the renormalization based evolution of the
CP-violation observables obtained from the $C$ matrix introduced by Jarlskog.
We show that the observables $\vert\det C\vert$ and $\operatorname{Tr}C^{2}$
decrease very fast with the energy and their value is reduced at the Planck's
scale by 5 and 3 orders of magnitude with respect to their low energy values.
On the other hand the Jarlskog's CKM matrix rephasing invariant $J$ increases
with energy and at the Planck's scale is 25 % larger than at low energy. The
absolute value of the coefficient $a_{CP}\sim \det
C/(\operatorname{Tr}C^{2})^{3/2}$ decreases with energy and at the Planck's
scale it is 12 % smaller than at low energy. We also find that the pattern of
the eigenvalues of the $C$ matrix is such that two eigenvalues almost cancel
each other and their absolute values are much bigger than the absolute value of
the third eigenvalue. The low rate of the CP-violation is a consequence of this
pattern of the eigenvalues.


title: Quantum probes for fractional Gaussian processes

abstract:
  We address the characterization of classical fractional random noise via
quantum probes. In particular, we focus on estimation and discrimination
problems involving the fractal dimension of the trajectories of a system
subject to fractional Brownian noise. We assume that the classical degree of
freedom exposed to the environmental noise is coupled to a quantum degree of
freedom of the same system, e.g. its spin, and exploit quantum limited
measurements on the spin part to characterize the classical fractional noise.
More generally, our approach may be applied to any two-level system subject to
dephasing perturbations described by fractional Brownian noise, in order to
assess the precision of quantum limited measurements in the characterization of
the external noise. In order to assess the performances of quantum probes we
evaluate the Bures metric, as well as the Helstrom and the Chernoff bound, and
optimize their values over the interaction time. We find that quantum probes
may be successfully employed to obtain a reliable characterization of
fractional Gaussian process when the coupling with the environment is weak or
strong. In the first case decoherence is not much detrimental and for long
interaction times the probe acquires information about the environmental
parameters without being too much mixed. Conversely, for strong coupling,
information is quickly impinged on the quantum probe and can effectively
retrieved by measurements performed in the early stage of the evolution. In the
intermediate situation, none of the two above effects take place: information
is flowing from the environment to the probe too slowly compared to
decoherence, and no measurements can be effectively employed to extract it from
the quantum probe. The two regimes of weak- and strong-coupling are defined in
terms of a threshold value of the coupling, which itself increases with the
fractional dimension.


title:
Masses, Radii, and Orbits of Small Kepler Planets: The Transition from
  Gaseous to Rocky Planets

abstract:
  We report on the masses, sizes, and orbits of the planets orbiting 22 Kepler
stars. There are 49 planet candidates around these stars, including 42 detected
through transits and 7 revealed by precise Doppler measurements of the host
stars. Based on an analysis of the Kepler brightness measurements, along with
high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy, Doppler spectroscopy, and (for 11
stars) asteroseismology, we establish low false-positive probabilities for all
of the transiting planets (41 of 42 have a false-positive probability under
1%), and we constrain their sizes and masses. Most of the transiting planets
are smaller than 3X the size of Earth. For 16 planets, the Doppler signal was
securely detected, providing a direct measurement of the planet's mass. For the
other 26 planets we provide either marginal mass measurements or upper limits
to their masses and densities; in many cases we can rule out a rocky
composition. We identify 6 planets with densities above 5 g/cc, suggesting a
mostly rocky interior for them. Indeed, the only planets that are compatible
with a purely rocky composition are smaller than ~2 R_earth. Larger planets
evidently contain a larger fraction of low-density material (H, He, and H2O).


title: Black hole qubit correspondence from quantum circuits

abstract:
  We consider the black hole qubit correspondence (BHQC) from quantum circuits,
taking into account the use of gate operations with base in the formulation of
wrapped brane qubits. We interpret these quantum circuits with base on the BHQC
classification of entanglement classes and apply in specific examples as the
generation of Bell, GHZ states, quantum circuit teleportation and consider the
implementation of interchanges in SUSY, black hole configurations, Freudenthal
and rank system constructions. These results are discussed from the superstring
viewpoint showing that the importance of the construction of the physical
states formed by the entanglement of geometrical entities by cohomological
operations automatically allows the preservation of different amounts of SUSY
in the compactification process given an alternative to the case when fluxes
are introduced in the game: the generalized Calabi-Yau of Hitchin.


title: Factors of IID on Trees

abstract:
  Classical ergodic theory for integer-group actions uses entropy as a complete
invariant for isomorphism of IID (independent, identically distributed)
processes (a.k.a. product measures). This theory holds for amenable groups as
well. Despite recent spectacular progress of Bowen, the situation for
non-amenable groups, including free groups, is still largely mysterious. We
present some illustrative results and open questions on free groups, which are
particularly interesting in combinatorics, statistical physics, and
probability. Our results include bounds on minimum and maximum bisection for
random cubic graphs that improve on all past bounds.


title: Brownian Dynamics without Green's Functions

abstract:
  We develop a Fluctuating Immersed Boundary (FIB) method for performing
Brownian dynamics simulations of confined particle suspensions. Unlike
traditional methods which employ analytical Green's functions for Stokes flow
in the confined geometry, the FIB method uses a fluctuating finite-volume
Stokes solver to generate the action of the response functions "on the fly".
Importantly, we demonstrate that both the deterministic terms necessary to
capture the hydrodynamic interactions among the suspended particles, as well as
the stochastic terms necessary to generate the hydrodynamically-correlated
Brownian motion, can be generated by solving the steady Stokes equations
numerically only once per time step. This is accomplished by including a
stochastic contribution to the stress tensor in the fluid equations consistent
with fluctuating hydrodynamics. We develop novel temporal integrators that
account for the multiplicative nature of the noise in the equations of Brownian
dynamics and the strong dependence of the mobility on the configuration for
confined systems. Notably, we propose a random finite difference approach to
approximating the stochastic drift proportional to the divergence of the
configuration-dependent mobility matrix. Through comparisons with analytical
and existing computational results, we numerically demonstrate the ability of
the FIB method to accurately capture both the static (equilibrium) and dynamic
properties of interacting particles in flow.


title: HST/COS Detection of Deuterated Molecular Hydrogen in a DLA at z = 0.18

abstract:
  We report on the detection of deuterated molecular hydrogen, HD, at $z =
0.18$. HD and H$_{\rm 2}$ are detected in HST/COS data of a low metallicity ($Z
\sim 0.07Z_\odot$) damped Ly$\alpha$ system at $z = 0.18562$ toward QSO
B0120$-$28, with log $N$(H I) = 20.50 $\pm$ 0.10. Four absorption components
are clearly resolved in H$_{\rm 2}$ while two components are resolved in HD;
the bulk of the molecular hydrogen is associated with the components traced by
HD. We find total column densities log $N$(HD) = 14.82 $\pm$ 0.15 and log
$N$(H$_{\rm 2}$) = 20.00 $\pm$ 0.10. This system has a high molecular fraction,
$f$(H$_{\rm 2}$) = 0.39 $\pm$ 0.10 and a low HD to H$_{\rm 2}$ ratio, log
(HD/2H$_{\rm 2}$) $= -5.5 \pm 0.2$ dex. The excitation temperature, $T_{01} =
65 \pm 2$ K, in the component containing the bulk of the molecular gas is lower
than in other DLAs. These properties are unlike those in other higher redshift
DLA systems known to contain HD, but are consistent with what is observed in
dense clouds in the Milky Way.


title: Hilbert Statistics of Vorticity Scaling in Two-Dimensional Turbulence

abstract:
  In this paper, the scaling property of the inverse energy cascade and forward
enstrophy cascade of the vorticity filed $\omega(x,y)$ in two-dimensional (2D)
turbulence is analyzed. This is accomplished by applying a Hilbert-based
technique, namely Hilbert-Huang Transform, to a vorticity field obtained from a
$8192^2$ grid-points direct numerical simulation of the 2D turbulence with a
forcing scale $k_f=100$ and an Ekman friction. The measured joint probability
density function $p(C,k)$ of mode $C_i(x)$ of the vorticity $\omega$ and
instantaneous wavenumber $k(x)$ is separated by the forcing scale $k_f$ into
two parts, which corresponding to the inverse energy cascade and the forward
enstrophy cascade. It is found that all conditional pdf $p(C\vert k)$ at given
wavenumber $k$ has an exponential tail. In the inverse energy cascade, the
shape of $p(C\vert k)$ does collapse with each other, indicating a
nonintermittent cascade. The measured scaling exponent $\zeta_{\omega}^I(q)$ is
linear with the statistical order $q$, i.e., $\zeta_{\omega}^I(q)=-q/3$,
confirming the nonintermittent cascade process.
  In the forward enstrophy cascade, the core part of $p(C\vert k)$ is changing
with wavenumber $k$, indicating an intermittent forward cascade.
  The measured scaling exponent $\zeta_{\omega}^F(q)$ is nonlinear with $q$ and
can be described very well by a log-Poisson fitting:
$\zeta_{\omega}^F(q)=\frac{1}{3}q+0.45\left(1-0.43^{q}\right)$. However, the
extracted vorticity scaling exponents $\zeta_{\omega}(q)$ for both inverse
energy cascade and forward enstrophy cascade are not consistent with
Kraichnan\rq{}s theory prediction. New theory for the vorticity field in 2D
turbulence is required to interpret the observed scaling behavior.


title:
Time dependent intrinsic correlation analysis of temperature and
  dissolved oxygen time series using empirical mode decomposition

abstract:
  In the marine environment, many fields have fluctuations over a large range
of different spatial and temporal scales. These quantities can be nonlinear
\red{and} non-stationary, and often interact with each other. A good method to
study the multiple scale dynamics of such time series, and their correlations,
is needed. In this paper an application of an empirical mode decomposition
based time dependent intrinsic correlation, \red{of} two coastal oceanic time
series, temperature and dissolved oxygen (saturation percentage) is presented.
The two time series are recorded every 20 minutes \red{for} 7 years, from 2004
to 2011. The application of the Empirical Mode Decomposition on such time
series is illustrated, and the power spectra of the time series are estimated
using the Hilbert transform (Hilbert spectral analysis). Power-law regimes are
found with slopes of 1.33 for dissolved oxygen and 1.68 for temperature at high
frequencies (between 1.2 and 12 hours) \red{with} both close to 1.9 for lower
frequencies (time scales from 2 to 100 days). Moreover, the time evolution and
scale dependence of cross correlations between both series are considered. The
trends are perfectly anti-correlated. The modes of mean year 3 and 1 year have
also negative correlation, whereas higher frequency modes have a much smaller
correlation. The estimation of time-dependent intrinsic correlations helps to
show patterns of correlations at different scales, for different modes.


title: Gorensteinness, homological invariants and Gorenstein derived categories

abstract:
  Relations between Gorenstein derived categories, Gorenstein defect categories
and Gorenstein stable categories are established. Using these, the
Gorensteinness of an algebra $A$ and invariants with respect to recollements of
the bounded Gorenstein derived category $D^{b}_{gp}(A\mbox{-}{\rm mod})$ of $A$
are investigated. Specifically, the Gorensteinness of $A$ is characterized in
three ways: the existence of Auslander-Reiten triangles in
$D^{b}_{gp}(A\mbox{-}{\rm mod})$; recollements of $D^{b}_{gp}(A\mbox{-}{\rm
mod})$; and also Gorenstein derived equivalences. It is shown that the
finiteness of Cohen-Macaulay type and of finitistic dimension are invariant
with respect to the recollements of $D^{b}_{gp}(A\mbox{-}{\rm mod})$.


title: Second order structure function in fully developed turbulence

abstract:
  We relate the second order structure function of a time series with the power
spectrum of the original variable, taking an assumption of statistical
stationarity. With this approach, we find that the structure function is
strongly influenced by the large scales. The large scale contribution and the
contribution range are respectively 79% and 1.4 decades for a Kolmogorov -5/3
power spectrum. We show numerically that a single scale influence range, over
smaller scales is about 2 decades. We argue that the structure function is not
a good method to extract the scaling exponents when the data possess large
energetic scales. An alternative methodology, the arbitrary order Hilbert
spectral analysis which may constrain this influence within 0.3 decade, is
proposed to characterize the {scaling} property directly in an
amplitude-frequency space. An analysis of passive scalar (temperature)
turbulence time series is presented to show the influence of large scale
structures in real turbulence, and the efficiency of the Hilbert-based
methodology. The corresponding scaling exponents $\zeta_{\theta}(q)$ provided
by the Hilbert-based approach indicate that the passive scalar turbulence field
may be less intermittent than what was previously believed.


title:
On homotopy categories of Gorenstein modules: compact generation and
  dimensions

abstract:
  Let $A$ be a virtually Gorenstein algebra of finite CM-type. We establish a
duality between the subcategory of compact objects in the homotopy category of
Gorenstein projective left $A$-modules and the bounded Gorenstein derived
category of finitely generated right $A$-modules. Let $R$ be a two-sided
noetherian ring such that the subcategory of Gorenstein flat modules
$R\mbox{-}\mathcal{GF}$ is closed under direct products. We show that the
inclusion $K(R\mbox{-}\mathcal{GF})\to K(R\mbox{-}{\rm Mod})$ of homotopy
categories admits a right adjoint. We introduce the notion of Gorenstein
representation dimension for an algebra of finite CM-type, and establish
relations among the dimension of its relative Auslander algebra, Gorenstein
representation dimension, the dimension of the bounded Gorenstein derived
category, and the dimension of the bounded homotopy category of its Gorenstein
projective modules.


title:
Entropy analysis of word-length series of natural language texts:
  Effects of text language and genre

abstract:
  We estimate the $n$-gram entropies of natural language texts in word-length
representation and find that these are sensitive to text language and genre. We
attribute this sensitivity to changes in the probability distribution of the
lengths of single words and emphasize the crucial role of the uniformity of
probabilities of having words with length between five and ten. Furthermore,
comparison with the entropies of shuffled data reveals the impact of word
length correlations on the estimated $n$-gram entropies.


title: Speed of convergence for laws of rare events and escape rates

abstract:
  We obtain error terms on the rate of convergence to Extreme Value Laws for a
general class of weakly dependent stochastic processes. The dependence of the
error terms on the `time' and `length' scales is very explicit. Specialising to
data derived from a class of dynamical systems we find even more detailed error
terms, one application of which is to consider escape rates through small holes
in these systems.


title:
Scaling of maximum probability density functions of velocity and
  temperature increments in turbulent systems

abstract:
  In this paper, we introduce a new way to estimate the scaling parameter of a
self-similar process by considering the maximum probability density function
(pdf) of tis increments. We prove this for $H$-self-similar processes in
general and experimentally investigate it for turbulent velocity and
temperature increments. We consider turbulent velocity database from an
experimental homogeneous and nearly isotropic turbulent channel flow, and
temperature data set obtained near the sidewall of a Rayleigh-B\'{e}nard
convection cell, where the turbulent flow is driven by buoyancy. For the former
database, it is found that the maximum value of increment pdf $p_{\max}(\tau)$
is in a good agreement with lognormal distribution. We also obtain a scaling
exponent $\alpha\simeq 0.37$, which is consistent with the scaling exponent for
the first-order structure function reported in other studies. For the latter
one, we obtain a scaling exponent $\alpha_{\theta}\simeq0.33$. This index value
is consistent with the Kolmogorov-Obukhov-Corrsin scaling for passive scalar
turbulence, but different from the scaling exponent of the first-order
structure function that is found to be $\zeta_{\theta}(1)\simeq 0.19$, which is
in favor of Bolgiano-Obukhov scaling. A possible explanation for these results
is also given.


title: Epidemiological modeling of online social network dynamics

abstract:
  The last decade has seen the rise of immense online social networks (OSNs)
such as MySpace and Facebook. In this paper we use epidemiological models to
explain user adoption and abandonment of OSNs, where adoption is analogous to
infection and abandonment is analogous to recovery. We modify the traditional
SIR model of disease spread by incorporating infectious recovery dynamics such
that contact between a recovered and infected member of the population is
required for recovery. The proposed infectious recovery SIR model (irSIR model)
is validated using publicly available Google search query data for "MySpace" as
a case study of an OSN that has exhibited both adoption and abandonment phases.
The irSIR model is then applied to search query data for "Facebook," which is
just beginning to show the onset of an abandonment phase. Extrapolating the
best fit model into the future predicts a rapid decline in Facebook activity in
the next few years.


title: The Robust Minimal Controllability Problem

abstract:
  In this paper, we address two minimal controllability problems, where the
goal is to determine a minimal subset of state variables in a linear
time-invariant system to be actuated to ensure controllability under additional
constraints. First, we study the problem of characterizing the sparsest input
matrices that assure controllability when the autonomous dynamics' matrix is
simple. Secondly, we build upon these results to describe the solutions to the
robust minimal controllability problem, where the goal is to determine the
sparsest input matrix ensuring controllability when specified number of inputs
fail. Both problems are NP-hard, but under the assumption that the dynamics'
matrix is simple, we show that it is possible to reduce these two problems to
set multi-covering problems. Consequently, these problems share the same
computational complexity, i.e., they are NP-complete, but polynomial algorithms
to approximate the solutions of a set multi-covering problem can be leveraged
to obtain close-to-optimal solutions to either of the minimal controllability
problems.


title:
Lagrangian Cascade in Three-Dimensional Homogeneous and Isotropic
  Turbulence

abstract:
  In this work, the scaling statistics of the dissipation along Lagrangian
trajectories are investigated by using fluid tracer particles obtained from a
high resolution direct numerical simulation with $Re_{\lambda}=400$. Both the
energy dissipation rate $\epsilon$ and the local time averaged
$\epsilon_{\tau}$ agree rather well with the lognormal distribution hypothesis.
Several statistics are then examined. It is found that the autocorrelation
function $\rho(\tau)$ of $\ln(\epsilon(t))$ and variance $\sigma^2(\tau)$ of
$\ln(\epsilon_{\tau}(t))$ obey a log-law with scaling exponent
$\beta'=\beta=0.30$ compatible with the intermittency parameter $\mu=0.30$. The
$q$th-order moment of $\epsilon_{\tau}$ has a clear power-law on the inertial
range $10<\tau/\tau_{\eta}<100$. The measured scaling exponent $K_L(q)$ agrees
remarkably with $q-\zeta_L(2q)$ where $\zeta_L(2q)$ is the scaling exponent
estimated using the Hilbert methodology. All these results suggest that the
dissipation along Lagrangian trajectories could be modelled by a multiplicative
cascade.


title:
An amplitude-frequency study of turbulent scaling intermittency using
  Empirical Mode Decomposition and Hilbert Spectral Analysis

abstract:
  Hilbert-Huang transform is a method that has been introduced recently to
decompose nonlinear, nonstationary time series into a sum of different modes,
each one having a characteristic frequency. Here we show the first successful
application of this approach to homogeneous turbulence time series. We
associate each mode to dissipation, inertial range and integral scales. We then
generalize this approach in order to characterize the scaling intermittency of
turbulence in the inertial range, in an amplitude-frequency space. The new
method is first validated using fractional Brownian motion simulations. We then
obtain a 2D amplitude-frequency representation of the pdf of turbulent
fluctuations with a scaling trend, and we show how multifractal exponents can
be retrieved using this approach. We also find that the log-Poisson
distribution fits the velocity amplitude pdf better than the lognormal
distribution.


title:
The Status of Spectroscopic Data for the Exoplanet Characterisation
  Missions

abstract:
  The status of laboratory spectroscopic data for exoplanet characterisation
missions such as EChO is reviewed. For many molecules (eg H2O, CO, CO2, H3+,
O2, O3) the data are already available. For the other species work is actively
in progress constructing this data. Much of the is work is being undertaken by
ExoMol project (www.exomol.com). This information will be used to construct and
EChO-specific spectroscopic database.


title:
Autocorrelation function of velocity increments time series in fully
  developed turbulence

abstract:
  In fully developed turbulence, the velocity field possesses long-range
correlations, denoted by a scaling power spectrum or structure functions. Here
we consider the autocorrelation function of velocity increment $ {\Delta
u_{\ell}(t)}$ at separation {time} $\ell$. Anselmet et al. [Anselmet et al. J.
Fluid Mech. \textbf{140}, 63 (1984)] have found that the autocorrelation
function of velocity increment has a minimum value, whose location is
approximately equal to $\ell$. Taking statistical stationary assumption, we
link the velocity increment and the autocorrelation function with the power
spectrum of the original variable. We then propose an analytical model of the
autocorrelation function. With this model, we prove that the location of the
minimum autocorrelation function is exactly equal to the separation {time}
$\ell$ when the scaling of the power spectrum of the original variable belongs
to the range $0<\beta<2$. This model also suggests a power law expression for
the minimum autocorrelation. Considering the cumulative function of the
autocorrelation function, it is shown that the main contribution to the
autocorrelation function comes from the large scale part. Finally we argue that
the autocorrelation function is a better indicator of the inertial range than
the second order structure function.


title:
Numerical simulation of oscillating magnetospheres with resistive
  electrodynamics

abstract:
  We present a model of the magnetosphere around an oscillating neutron star.
The electromagnetic fields are numerically solved by modeling electric charge
and current induced by the stellar torsional mode, with particular emphasis on
outgoing radiation passing through the magnetosphere. The current is modeled
using Ohm's law, whereby an increase in conductivity results in an increase in
the induced current. As a result, the fields are drastically modified, and
energy flux is thereby enhanced. This behavior is however localized in the
vicinity of the surface since the induced current disappears outwardly in our
model, in which the exterior is assumed to gradually approach a vacuum.


title:
Bayesian Hypothesis Assessment in Two-arm Trials Using Relative Belief
  Ratios

abstract:
  This paper develops a Bayesian approach for assessing equivalence and
non-inferiority hypotheses in two-arm trials using relative belief ratios. A
relative belief ratio is a measure of statistical evidence and can indicate
evidence either for or against a hypothesis. In addition to the relative belief
ratio, we also compute a measure of the strength of this evidence as a
calibration of the relative belief ratio. Furthermore, we make use of the
relative belief ratio as a measure of evidence, to assess whether a given prior
induces bias either for or against a hypothesis. Prior elicitation, model
checking and checking for prior-data conflict procedures are developed to
ensure that the choices of model and prior made are relevant to the specific
application. We highlight the applicability of the approach and illustrate the
proposed method by applying it to a data set obtained from a two-arm clinical
trial.


title:
Prospective performance of graphene HEB for ultrasensitive detection of
  sub-mm radiation

abstract:
  Noise Equivalent Power and time constant of a submillimeter wave Hot-Electron
Bolometer (HEB) made from monolayer graphene are analyzed using the lowest
electron-phonon thermal conductance data reported to date. Frequency-domain
multiplexed Johnson Noise Thermometry (JNT) is used for the detector readout.
Planar microantennas or waveguides can provide efficient coupling of the
graphene microdevice to radiation. The results show that the graphene HEB
detector can be radiation background limited at very low level corresponding to
the photon noise on a space telescope with cryogenically cooled mirror. Beside
the high sensitivity, absence of a hard power saturation limit, higher
operating temperature, and the ability to read 1000s of elements with a single
broadband amplifier will be the advantages of such a detector.


title: Quantum Influence of Topological Defects in G\"odel-type Space-times

abstract:
  In this contribution, some solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation in the
G\"odel-type metrics with an embedded cosmic string are considered. The quantum
dynamics of a scalar particle in three spaces whose metric is described by
different classes of G\"odel solution, with a cosmic string passing through the
spaces, is found. The energy levels and eigenfunctions of the Klein-Gordon
operator are obtained. We show that these eigenvalues and eigenfunctions depend
on the parameter characterizing the presence of a cosmic string in the
space-time. We note that the presence of topological defects breaks the
degeneracy of energy levels.


title:
Accretion of Solid Materials onto Circumplanetary Disks from
  Protoplanetary Disks

abstract:
  We investigate accretion of solid materials onto circumplanetary disks from
heliocentric orbits rotating in protoplanetary disks, which is a key process
for the formation of regular satellite systems. In the late stage of
gas-capturing phase of giant planet formation, the accreting gas from
protoplanetary disks forms circumplanetary disks. Since the accretion flow
toward the circumplanetary disks affects the particle motion through gas drag
force, we use hydrodynamic simulation data for the gas drag term to calculate
the motion of solid materials. We consider wide range of size for the solid
particles ($10^{-2}$-$10^6$m), and find that the accretion efficiency of the
solid particles peaks around 10m-sized particles because energy dissipation of
drag with circum-planetary disk gas in this size regime is most effective. The
efficiency for particles larger than 10m size becomes lower because gas drag
becomes less effective. For particles smaller than 10m, the efficiency is lower
because the particles are strongly coupled with the back-ground gas flow, which
prevent particles from accretion. We also find that the distance from the
planet where the particles are captured by the circumplanetary disks is in a
narrow range and well described as a function of the particle size.


title:
Prospects for discovery of the \tau^- \to \pi^- \ell^+ \ell^- \nu_\tau
  decays

abstract:
  We study the phenomenology of the \tau^- \to \pi^- \nu_\tau \ell^+ \ell^-
decays (\ell = e, \mu), predicting the respective branching ratios and
di-lepton invariant-mass spectra. In addition to the model-independent (QED)
contributions, we investigate the structure-dependent (SD) terms, encoding
features of the hadronization of QCD currents. The relevant form factors are
evaluated by supplementing Chiral Perturbation Theory with the inclusion of the
lightest (axial-)vector resonance multiplet as dynamical fields. The Lagrangian
couplings are fully predicted requiring the known QCD asymptotic behavior to
the relevant Green functions and associated form factors in the limit of an
infinite number of colours. As a consequence we predict that the \tau^- \to
\pi^- \nu_\tau e^+ e^- decays should be discovered soon while this is not
granted for the \ell = \mu case.


title:
IMRO: a proximal quasi-Newton method for solving $l_1$-regularized least
  square problem

abstract:
  We present a proximal quasi-Newton method in which the approximation of the
Hessian has the special format of "identity minus rank one" (IMRO) in each
iteration. The proposed structure enables us to effectively recover the
proximal point. The algorithm is applied to $l_1$-regularized least square
problem arising in many applications including sparse recovery in compressive
sensing, machine learning and statistics. Our numerical experiment suggests
that the proposed technique competes favourably with other state-of-the-art
solvers for this class of problems. We also provide a complexity analysis for
variants of IMRO, showing that it matches known best bounds.


title: Distortion-driven Turbulence Effect Removal using Variational Model

abstract:
  It remains a challenge to simultaneously remove geometric distortion and
space-time-varying blur in frames captured through a turbulent atmospheric
medium. To solve, or at least reduce these effects, we propose a new scheme to
recover a latent image from observed frames by integrating a new variational
model and distortion-driven spatial-temporal kernel regression. The proposed
scheme first constructs a high-quality reference image from the observed frames
using low-rank decomposition. Then, to generate an improved registered
sequence, the reference image is iteratively optimized using a variational
model containing a new spatial-temporal regularization. The proposed fast
algorithm efficiently solves this model without the use of partial differential
equations (PDEs). Next, to reduce blur variation, distortion-driven
spatial-temporal kernel regression is carried out to fuse the registered
sequence into one image by introducing the concept of the near-stationary
patch. Applying a blind deconvolution algorithm to the fused image produces the
final output. Extensive experimental testing shows, both qualitatively and
quantitatively, that the proposed method can effectively alleviate distortion
and blur and recover details of the original scene compared to state-of-the-art
methods.


title:
Electron transport through a single-molecule junction with multiple
  pathways under time-periodic fields: A Floquet-scattering formalism

abstract:
  We develop a new general formulation to explore light-driven electron
transport through a single-molecule device with multiple pathways. Three
individual systems are proposed including (i) a two-terminal molecular junction
based on phenyl-acetylene macrocycle (PAM), (ii) PAM with three terminals, and
(iii) a parallel molecular circuit. The computations show that PAM-based
optoelectronic switches have robust large on-off ratios and weak-field
operating conditions, which are not sensitive to asymmetric molecule-lead
couplings. In addition, field-amplitude power laws for one- and two-photon
assisted tunneling are evident in the computational results, and the laws can
be proven by using perturbation analysis. For PAM-based optoelectronic routers,
we show that it is possible to manipulate the direction of electric current
through the PAM molecule by using a weak linearly polarized laser field. For
parallel circuits made of molecular quantum dots, the condition of coherent
destruction of tunneling is derived by using the rotating wave approximation
and the high-frequency approximation.


title:
Noise-induced synchronization of oscillatory convection and its
  optimization

abstract:
  We investigate common-noise-induced phase synchronization between uncoupled
identical Hele-Shaw cells exhibiting oscillatory convection. Using the phase
description method for oscillatory convection, we demonstrate that the
uncoupled systems of oscillatory Hele-Shaw convection can exhibit in-phase
synchronization when driven by weak common noise. We derive the Lyapunov
exponent determining the relaxation time for the synchronization, and develop a
method for obtaining the optimal spatial pattern of the common noise to achieve
synchronization. The theoretical results are confirmed by direct numerical
simulations.


title:
Green's ${\mathcal J}$-classes and Subduction Classes in Finite
  Transformation Semigroups

abstract:
  We establish the connection between Green's ${\mathcal J}$-classes and the
subduction equivalence classes defined on the image sets of an action of a
semigroup. The construction of the skeleton order (on subduction equivalence
classes) is shown to depend in a functorial way on transformation semigroups
and surjective morphisms, and to factor through the $\leq_{\mathcal L}$-order
and $\leq_{\mathcal J}$-order on the semigroup and through the inclusion order
on image sets. For right regular representations, the correspondence between
the ${\mathcal J}$-class order and the skeleton is one of isomorphism.


title:
Block (or Hamiltonian) Lie symmetry of dispersionless D type
  Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchy

abstract:
  In this paper, the dispersionless D type Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchy, i.e. a
reduction of the dispersionless two-component BKP hierarchy, is studied. The
additional symmetry flows of this herarchy are presented. These flows form an
infinite dimensional Lie algebra of Block type as well as a Lie algebra of
Hamiltonian type.


title: Some applications of eta-quotients

abstract:
  We show that every modular form on $\Gamma_0(2^n)$ ($n\geq2$) can be
expressed as a sum of eta-quotients. Furthermore, we construct a primitive
generator of the ring class field of the order of conductor $4N$ ($N\geq1$) in
an imaginary quadratic field in view of the special value of certain
eta-quotient.


title:
Observational distinction between black holes and naked singularities:
  the role of the redshift function

abstract:
  We suggest that the redshift of photons traveling from past to future null
infinity through a collapsing object could provide an observational signature
capable of differentiating between the formation of a globally naked
singularity and the formation of an event horizon. Supporting evidence for this
idea is drawn from the analysis of photons with zero angular momentum through
the center of a collapsing spherical dust cloud. We show that the frequency
shift as a function of proper time with respect to stationary observers has
distinct features depending on whether the object collapses to a black hole or
a naked singularity.


title: Tunneling between a topological superconductor and a Luttinger liquid

abstract:
  We study the quantum point contact between the topological superconductor and
the helical Luttinger liquid. The effects of the electron-electron interactions
in the helical Luttinger liquid on the low-energy physics of this system are
analyzed by the renormalization group. Among the various couplings at the point
contact which arise from the tunneling via the Majorana edge channel, the
induced backscattering in the helical Luttinger liquid is the most relevant for
repulsive interactions. Hence, at low temperatures, the helical Luttinger
liquid is effectively cut into two separated half wires. As a result, the
low-temperature physics is described by a fixed point consisting of two leads
coupled to the topological superconductor, and the electrical transport
properties through the point contact at low temperature and low bias are
dominated by the tunneling via the Majorana edge channel. We compute the
temperature dependence of the zero-bias tunneling conductance and study the
full counting statistics for the tunneling current at zero temperature.


title: Decays of double charmed meson molecules

abstract:
  The interaction between pseudoscalar and/or vector mesons can be studied
using hidden gauge Lagrangians. In this framework, the interaction between
charmed mesons has been studied. Furthermore, doubly charmed states are also
predicted. These new states are near the $D^*D^*$ and $D^*D^*_s$ thresholds,
and have spin-parity $J^P=1^+$. We evaluate the decay widths of these states,
named as $R_{cc}(3970)$ and $S_{cc}(4100)$ (with strangeness), and obtain $44$
MeV for the non-strangeness, and $24$ MeV for the doubly charm-strange state.
Essentially, the decay modes are $DD_{(s)}\pi$ and $DD_{(s)}\gamma$, being the
$D\pi$ and $D\gamma$ emitted by one of the $D^*$ meson which forms the
molecule.


title:
Electricity Pooling Markets with Strategic Producers Possessing
  Asymmetric Information I: Elastic Demand

abstract:
  In the restructured electricity industry, electricity pooling markets are an
oligopoly with strategic producers possessing private information (private
production cost function). We focus on pooling markets where aggregate demand
is represented by a non-strategic agent. We consider demand to be elastic.
  We propose a market mechanism that has the following features. (F1) It is
individually rational. (F2) It is budget balanced. (F3) It is price efficient,
that is, at equilibrium the price of electricity is equal to the marginal cost
of production. (F4) The energy production profile corresponding to every
non-zero Nash equilibrium of the game induced by the mechanism is a solution of
the corresponding centralized problem where the objective is the maximization
of the sum of the producers' and consumers' utilities.
  We identify some open problems associated with our approach to electricity
pooling markets.


title: Subprojective Banach spaces

abstract:
  A Banach space $X$ is called subprojective if any of its infinite dimensional
subspaces $Y$ contains a further infinite dimensional subspace complemented in
$X$. This paper is devoted to systematic study of subprojectivity. We examine
the stability of subprojectivity of Banach spaces under various operations,
such us direct or twisted sums, tensor products, and forming spaces of
operators. Along the way, we obtain new classes of subprojective spaces.


title: Converting energy from fusion into useful forms

abstract:
  If fusion power reactors are to be feasible, it will still be necessary to
convert the energy of the nuclear reaction into usable form. The heat produced
will be removed from the reactor core by a primary coolant, which might be
water, helium, molten lithium-lead, molten lithium-containing salt, or CO2. The
heat could then be transferred to a conventional Rankine cycle or Brayton (gas
turbine) cycle. Alternatively it could be used for thermochemical processes
such as producing hydrogen or other transport fuels. Fusion presents new
problems because of the high energy neutrons released. These affect the
selection of materials and the operating temperature, ultimately determining
the choice of coolant and working cycle. The limited temperature ranges allowed
by present day irradiated structural materials, combined with the large
internal power demand of the plant, will limit the overall thermal efficiency.
The operating conditions of the fusion power source, the materials, coolant,
and energy conversion system will all need to be closely integrated.


title: An Explicit Result for Primes Between Cubes

abstract:
  We prove that there is a prime between $n^3$ and $(n+1)^3$ for all $n \geq
\exp(\exp(33.217))$. Our new tool which we derive is a version of Landau's
explicit formula for the Riemann zeta-function with explicit bounds on the
error term. We use this along with other recent explicit estimates regarding
the zeroes of the Riemann zeta-function to obtain the result. Furthermore, we
show that there is a prime between any two consecutive $m$th powers for $m \geq
4.971 \times 10^9$.


title: The power of indirect social ties

abstract:
  While direct social ties have been intensely studied in the context of
computer-mediated social networks, indirect ties (e.g., friends of friends)
have seen little attention. Yet in real life, we often rely on friends of our
friends for recommendations (of good doctors, good schools, or good
babysitters), for introduction to a new job opportunity, and for many other
occasional needs. In this work we attempt to 1) quantify the strength of
indirect social ties, 2) validate it, and 3) empirically demonstrate its
usefulness for distributed applications on two examples. We quantify social
strength of indirect ties using a(ny) measure of the strength of the direct
ties that connect two people and the intuition provided by the sociology
literature. We validate the proposed metric experimentally by comparing
correlations with other direct social tie evaluators. We show via data-driven
experiments that the proposed metric for social strength can be used
successfully for social applications. Specifically, we show that it alleviates
known problems in friend-to-friend storage systems by addressing two previously
documented shortcomings: reduced set of storage candidates and data
availability correlations. We also show that it can be used for predicting the
effects of a social diffusion with an accuracy of up to 93.5%.


title:
Reconfigurable optical-force-drive chirp and delay-line in
  micro/nano-fiber Bragg grating

abstract:
  The emergence of optical micro/nano-fiber (MNF) with a subwavelength
diameter, which has ultra-light mass and an intense light field, brings an
opportunity for develop fiber based optomechanical systems. In this study, we
theoretically show an optomechanical effect in silica MNF Bragg gratings
(MNFBGs). The light-induced mechanical effect results in continuously
distributed strain along the grating. It is shown that the power-related strain
introduces an optically reconfigurable chirp in the grating period. We develop
new optomechanical coupled-mode equations and theoretically analyze the
influence of the optical-force-induced nonlinearity and chirp on the grating
performance. Compared with weak Kerr effect, the optomechanics effect dominated
in the properties evolution of MNFBGs and significant group velocity reduction
and switching effect have been theoretically demonstrated at medium power
level. This kind of optomechanical MNFBG with optically reconfigurable chirp
may offer a path toward all-optical tunable bandwidth of Bragg resonance and
may lead to useful applications such as all-optical switching and optically
controlled dispersion and slow/fast light.


title: The Impact of Phase Fading on the Dirty Paper Channel

abstract:
  The impact of phase fading on the classical Costa dirty paper coding channel
is studied. We consider a variation of this channel model in which the
amplitude of the interference sequence is known at the transmitter while its
phase is known at the receiver. Although the capacity of this channel has
already been established, it is expressed using an auxiliary random variable
and as the solution of a maximization problem. To circumvent the difficulty
evaluating capacity, we derive alternative inner and outer bounds and show that
the two expressions are to within a finite distance. This provide an
approximate characterization of the capacity which depends only on the channel
parameters. We consider, in particular, two distributions of the phase fading:
circular binomial and circular uniform. The first distribution models the
scenario in which the transmitter has a minimal uncertainty over the phase of
the interference while the second distribution models complete uncertainty. For
circular binomial fading, we show that binning with Gaussian signaling still
approaches capacity, as in the channel without phase fading. In the case of
circular uniform fading, instead, binning with Gaussian signaling is no longer
effective and novel interference avoidance strategies are developed to approach
capacity.


title: The Cognitive Compressive Sensing Problem

abstract:
  In the Cognitive Compressive Sensing (CCS) problem, a Cognitive Receiver (CR)
seeks to optimize the reward obtained by sensing an underlying $N$ dimensional
random vector, by collecting at most $K$ arbitrary projections of it. The $N$
components of the latent vector represent sub-channels states, that change
dynamically from "busy" to "idle" and vice versa, as a Markov chain that is
biased towards producing sparse vectors. To identify the optimal strategy we
formulate the Multi-Armed Bandit Compressive Sensing (MAB-CS) problem,
generalizing the popular Cognitive Spectrum Sensing model, in which the CR can
sense $K$ out of the $N$ sub-channels, as well as the typical static setting of
Compressive Sensing, in which the CR observes $K$ linear combinations of the
$N$ dimensional sparse vector. The CR opportunistic choice of the sensing
matrix should balance the desire of revealing the state of as many dimensions
of the latent vector as possible, while not exceeding the limits beyond which
the vector support is no longer uniquely identifiable.


title:
An explicit integration of a problem of motion of a generalized
  Kovalevskaya top

abstract:
  The complete variables separation is given for one Hamiltonian system with
two degrees of freedom arising in the motion of the Kowalevski type top in two
constant fields.


title:
Inference on accretion flow dynamics using TCAF solution from the
  analysis of spectral evolution of H 1743-322 during 2010 outburst

abstract:
  We study accretion flow dynamics of Galactic transient black hole candidate
(BHC) H 1743-322 during its 2010 outburst by analyzing spectral data using Two
Component (Keplerian and sub-Keplerian) Advective Flow (TCAF) solution, after
its inclusion in XSPEC as a local model. We compare our TCAF solution fitted
results with combined disk black body and power-law model fitted results and
find a similar smooth variation of thermal (Keplerian or disk black body) and
non-thermal (power-law or sub-Keplerian) fluxes/rates in two types of model
fits. For a spectral analysis, 2.5-25 keV spectral data from RXTE PCA
instrument are used. From the TCAF solution fit, accretion flow parameters,
such as Keplerian rate, sub-Keplerian rate, location of centrifugal pressure
supported shock and strength of the shock are extracted, thus providing a
deeper understanding of accretion process and properties of accretion disks
around BHC H 1743-322 during its X-ray outburst. Based on the halo to disk
accretion rate ratio (ARR), shock properties, accretion rates and nature of
quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs, if observed) entire outburst is classified
into four different spectral states, such as, hard, hard-intermediate,
soft-intermediate, and soft. From time variation of intrinsic flow parameters
it appears that their evolutions in decline phase do not retrace path of rising
phase. Since our current model does not include magnetic fields, spectral
turnover at energies beyond 500-600 keV cannot be explained.


title: Measurement of Collective Dynamical Mass of Dirac Fermions in Graphene

abstract:
  Individual electrons in graphene behave as massless quasiparticles. In
surprising twist, it is inferred from plasmonic investigations that
collectively excited graphene electrons must exhibit non-zero mass and its
inertial acceleration is essential for graphene plasmonics. Despite such
importance, this collective mass has defied direct unequivocal measurement. It
may be directly measured by accelerating it with a time-varying voltage and
quantifying the phase delay of the resulting current; this voltage-current
phase relation would manifest as kinetic inductance, representing the
collective inertia's reluctance to accelerate. However, at optical (infrared)
frequencies phase measurement of current is generally difficult and at
microwave frequencies the inertial phase delay has been buried under electron
scattering. Here we directly, precisely measure the kinetic inductance, thus,
collective mass, by combining innovative device engineering that reduces
electron scattering and delicate microwave phase measurements. Particularly,
encapsulation of graphene between hexagonal-boron-nitride layers,
one-dimensional edge contacts, and a proximate top gate configured as microwave
ground together enable resolving the inertial phase delay from the electron
scattering. Beside the fundamental importance, the kinetic inductance
demonstrated here to be orders-of-magnitude larger than magnetic inductance can
dramatically miniaturize radio-frequency integrated circuits. Moreover, its
bias-dependency heralds a solid-state voltage-controlled inductor to complement
the prevalent voltage-controlled capacitor.


title:
Interactions of bright and dark solitons with localized
  $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric potentials

abstract:
  We study collisions of moving nonlinear-Schr\"{o}dinger solitons with a
$\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric dipole embedded into the one-dimensional self-focusing
or defocusing medium. Accurate analytical results are produced for bright
solitons, and, in a more qualitative form, for dark ones. In the former case,
an essential aspect of the approximation is that it must take into regard the
intrinsic chirp of the soliton, thus going beyond the framework of the simplest
quasi-particle description of the soliton's dynamics. Critical velocities
separating reflection and transmission of the incident bright solitons are
found by means of numerical simulations, and in the approximate semi-analytical
form. An exact solution for the dark soliton pinned by the complex
$\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric dipole is produced too.


title:
Universal expression for adiabatic pumping in terms of non-equilibrium
  steady states

abstract:
  We develop a unified treatment of pumping and nonequilibrium thermodynamics.
We show that the pumping current generated through an adiabatic mechanical
operation in equilibrium can be expressed in terms of the stationary
distribution of the corresponding driven nonequilibrium system. We also show
that the total transfer in pumping can be evaluated from the work imported to
the driven counterpart. These findings lead us to a unified viewpoint for
pumping and nonequilibrium thermodynamics.


title:
Quantum randomness extraction for various levels of characterization of
  the devices

abstract:
  The amount of intrinsic randomness that can be extracted from measurement on
quantum systems depends on several factors: notably, the power given to the
adversary and the level of characterization of the devices of the authorized
partners. After presenting a systematic introduction to these notions, in this
paper we work in the class of least adversarial power, which is relevant for
assessing setups operated by trusted experimentalists, and compare three levels
of characterization of the devices. Many recent studies have focused on the
so-called "device-independent" level, in which a lower bound on the amount of
intrinsic randomness can be certified without any characterization. The other
extreme is the case when all the devices are fully characterized: this
"tomographic" level has been known for a long time. We present for this case a
systematic and efficient approach to quantifying the amount of intrinsic
randomness, and show that setups involving ancillas (POVMs, pointer
measurements) may not be interesting here, insofar as one may extract
randomness from the ancilla rather than from the system under study. Finally,
we study how much randomness can be obtained in presence of an intermediate
level of characterization related to the task of "steering", in which Bob's
device is fully characterized while Alice's is a black box. We obtain our
results here by adapting the NPA hierarchy of semidefinite programs to the
steering scenario.


title:
A characterization of complex hyperbolic Kleinian groups in dimension 3
  with trace fields contained in $\mathbb R$

abstract:
  We show that $\Gamma < \textbf{SU}(3,1)$ is a non-elementary complex
hyperbolic Kleinian group in which $tr(\gamma) \in \R$ for all $\gamma \in
\Gamma$ if and only if $\Gamma$ is conjugate to a subgroup of
$\textbf{SO}(3,1)$ or $\textbf{SU}(1,1)\times\textbf{SU}(2)$.


title: Preserving the Basic Property of Stable Matching by Deleting a pair

abstract:
  This paper describes the transition of a male-pessimal matching set to
optimal when it is a man-oriented approach by deleting a pair from matching set
considering the score based approach. A descriptive explanation of the proposed
algorithm both in a sequential and parallel manner is given. The comparison
based theoretical analysis shows that the best case of the algorithm is lower
bound of n3.


title: Study of negative thermal expansion in the frustrated spinel ZnCr2Se4

abstract:
  The origin of negative thermal expansion (NTE) in the bond frustrated
ZnCr2Se4 has been explored. ESR and FTIR document an ideal paramagnetic state
above 100 K, below which ferromagnetic clusters coexist with the paramagnetic
state down to TN. By fitting the inverse susceptibility above 100 K using a
modified paramagnetic Curie-Weiss law, an exponentially changeable exchange
integral J is deduced. In the case of the variable J, magnetic exchange and
lattice elastic energy couple with each other effectively via magnetoelastic
interaction in the ferromagnetic clusters, where NTE occurs at a loss of
exchange energy while a gain of lattice elastic one.


title:
Empirical Formula of the Absolute Value of Electrical Conductivity for
  Elemental Metals and Its Interpretation By Fluctuation Dissipation Theorem

abstract:
  The absolute value of the electrical conductivity sigma of elemental metals
even at the room temperature range is not well theoretically understood. This
is particularly true in multivalent metals. This paper empirically found that
sigma=n_{atom}e^2tau0/mG with tau0=hbar/k_{B}T reproduces the observations
rather well for many metals as in Fig.1(b)-upper, if G is taken, by guessing to
be a summed number of electric bands counted from outer most orbitals. We find
by comparative study at the same time n_{atom}=n, namely Z=1 and m=m^* for
majority of metals for sigma. Thus the only quantity remained is tau. The
Bardeen's tau is found equal to tau0 if the deformation potential is equal to
Fermi energy, using the observationally ascertained fact that thermal acoustic
energy=the Fermi energy. Since electrons behave nearly as free electrons, the
wave function should show the minimum uncertainty relation of Delta p_{x}
Delta_{x}=hbar/2, which following the classical Fluctuation-Dissipation-Theorem
shows in fact tau0=hbar/k_{B}T.


title:
Complexity Analysis of Heuristic Pulse Interleaving Algorithms for
  Multi-Target Tracking with Multiple Simultaneous Receive Beams

abstract:
  This paper presents heuristic algorithms for interleaved pulse scheduling
problems on multi-target tracking in pulse Doppler phased array radars that can
process multiple simultaneous received beams. The interleaved pulse scheduling
problems for element and subarray level digital beamforming architectures are
formulated as the same integer program and the asymptotic time complexities of
the algorithms are analyzed.


title: Layer Anti-Ferromagnetism on Bilayer Honeycomb Lattice

abstract:
  Bilayer honeycomb lattice, with inter-layer tunneling energy, has a parabolic
dispersion relation, which causes the charge imbalance between two sublattices.
Here, we investigate the metal-insulator and magnetic phase transitions on the
strongly correlated bilayer honeycomb lattice by cellular dynamical mean-field
theory combined with continuous time quantum Monte Carlo method. We find that
different kinds of magnetic spontaneous symmetry breaking on dimer and
non-dimer sites, cause a novel phase transition between normal anti-ferromagnet
and layer anti-ferromagnet. We sketch the phase diagrams as the function of
temperature, interaction and inter-layer hopping. Finally, we set up an
experimental protocol for cold atoms in optical lattice to observe these
phenomena in future experiments.


title: Markov chains, $\mathscr R$-trivial monoids and representation theory

abstract:
  We develop a general theory of Markov chains realizable as random walks on
$\mathscr R$-trivial monoids. It provides explicit and simple formulas for the
eigenvalues of the transition matrix, for multiplicities of the eigenvalues via
M\"obius inversion along a lattice, a condition for diagonalizability of the
transition matrix and some techniques for bounding the mixing time. In
addition, we discuss several examples, such as Toom-Tsetlin models, an exchange
walk for finite Coxeter groups, as well as examples previously studied by the
authors, such as nonabelian sandpile models and the promotion Markov chain on
posets. Many of these examples can be viewed as random walks on quotients of
free tree monoids, a new class of monoids whose combinatorics we develop.


title:
Bitwise MAP Algorithm for Group Testing based on Holographic
  Transformation

abstract:
  In this paper, an exact bitwise MAP (Maximum A Posteriori) estimation
algorithm for group testing problems is presented. We assume a simplest
non-adaptive group testing scenario including N-objects with binary status and
M-disjunctive tests. If a group contains a positive object, the test result for
the group is assumed to be one; otherwise, the test result becomes zero. Our
inference problem is to evaluate the posterior probabilities of the objects
from the observation of M-test results and from our knowledge on the prior
probabilities for objects. The heart of the algorithm is the dual expression of
the posterior values. The derivation of the dual expression can be naturally
described based on a holographic transformation to the normal factor graph
(NFG) representing the inference problem.


title: Elemental Compositions of Two Extrasolar Rocky Planetesimals

abstract:
  We report Keck/HIRES and HST/COS spectroscopic studies of extrasolar rocky
planetesimals accreted onto two hydrogen atmosphere white dwarfs, G29-38 and GD
133. In G29-38, 8 elements are detected, including C, O, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr and
Fe while in GD 133, O, Si, Ca and marginally Mg are seen. These two extrasolar
planetesimals show a pattern of refractory enhancement and volatile depletion.
For G29-38, the observed composition can be best interpreted as a blend of a
chondritic object with some refractory-rich material, a result from
post-nebular processing. Water is very depleted in the parent body accreted
onto G29-38, based on the derived oxygen abundance. The inferred total mass
accretion rate in GD 133 is the lowest of all known dusty white dwarfs,
possibly due to non-steady state accretion. We continue to find that a variety
of extrasolar planetesimals all resemble to zeroth order the elemental
composition of bulk Earth.


title: GeV WIMPs scattering off of OH impurities cannot explain the DAMA signal

abstract:
  In the presence of OH impurities in the DAMA crystals, GeV-scale WIMPs
elastically scattering off of hydrogen nuclei with a spin independent cross
section of $\sim 10^{-33}\ {\rm cm}^2$ might explain the annual modulation
observed by the DAMA experiment, while being consistent with other direct dark
matter searches, as scattering would occur at energies below the energy
threshold of other detectors. In this work we examine this possibility and show
that, independent of the level of OH impurities in the DAMA crystals, for
several reasons this scenario does not provide a viable explanation to the DAMA
signal.


title: Goal-oriented Composition of Software Process Patterns

abstract:
  The development of high-quality software or software-intensive systems
requires custom-tailored process models that fit the organizational and project
goals as well as the development contexts. These models are a necessary
prerequisite for creating project plans that are expected to fulfill business
goals. Although project planners require individual process models
custom-tailored to their constraints, software or system developing
organizations also require generic processes (i.e., reference processes) that
capture project-independent knowledge for similar development contexts. The
latter is emphazised by assessment approaches (such as CMMI, SPICE) that
require explicit process descriptions in order to reach a certain capability or
maturity level. Among other concepts such as polymorphism, templates, or
generator-based descriptions, software process patterns are used to describe
generic process knowledge. Several approaches for describing the architecture
of process patterns have already been published (e.g., [7]). However, there is
a lack of descriptions on how to compose process patterns for a specific
decelopment context in order to gain a custom-tailored process model for a
project. This paper focuses on the composition of process patterns in a
goal-oriented way. First, the paper describes which information a process
pattern should contain so that it can be used for systematic composition.
Second, a composition method is sketched. Afterwards, the results of a
proof-of-concept evaluation of the method are described. Finally, the paper is
summarized and open research questions are sketched.


title:
An explicit formula for Bernoulli numbers in terms of Stirling numbers
  of the second kind

abstract:
  In the note, the author discovers an explicit formula for computing Bernoulli
numbers in terms of Stirling numbers of the second kind.


title:
Lessons Learned and Results from Applying Data-Driven Cost Estimation to
  Industrial Data Sets

abstract:
  The increasing availability of cost-relevant data in industry allows
companies to apply data-intensive estimation methods. However, available data
are often inconsistent, invalid, or incomplete, so that most of the existing
data-intensive estimation methods cannot be applied. Only few estimation
methods can deal with imperfect data to a certain extent (e.g., Optimized Set
Reduction, OSR(c)). Results from evaluating these methods in practical
environments are rare. This article describes a case study on the application
of OSR(c) at Toshiba Information Systems (Japan) Corporation. An important
result of the case study is that estimation accuracy significantly varies with
the data sets used and the way of preprocessing these data. The study supports
current results in the area of quantitative cost estimation and clearly
illustrates typical problems. Experiences, lessons learned, and recommendations
with respect to data preprocessing and data-intensive cost estimation in
general are presented.


title:
Alternative proofs of a formula for Bernoulli numbers in terms of
  Stirling numbers

abstract:
  In the paper, the authors provide four alternative proofs of an explicit
formula for computing Bernoulli numbers in terms of Stirling numbers of the
second kind.


title: Information cascade, Kirman's ant colony model, and kinetic Ising model

abstract:
  In this paper, we discuss a voting model in which voters can obtain
information from a finite number of previous voters. There exist three groups
of voters:
  (i) digital herders and independent voters, (ii) analog herders and
independent voters, and (iii) $\tanh$-type herders.
  In our previous paper [1], we used the mean field approximation for case (i).
In that study, if the reference number $r$ is above three, phase transition
occurs and the solution converges to one of the equilibria. However, the
conclusion is different from mean field approximation. In this paper, we show
that the solution oscillates between the two states. A good (bad) equilibrium
is where a majority of $r$ select the correct (wrong) candidate. In this paper,
we show that there is no phase transition when $r$ is finite. If the annealing
schedule is adequately slow from finite $r$ to infinite $r$, the voting rate
converges only to the good equilibrium.
  In case (ii), the state of reference votes is equivalent to that of Kirman's
ant colony model, and it follows beta binomial distribution.
  In case (iii), we show that the model is equivalent to the finite-size
kinetic Ising model. If the voters are rational, a simple herding experiment of
information cascade is conducted. Information cascade results from the
quenching of the kinetic Ising model.As case (i) is the limit of case (iii)
when $\tanh$ function becomes a step function, the phase transition can be
observed in infinite size limit. We can confirm that there is no phase
transition when the reference number $r$ is finite.


title: A new Frobenius exact structure on the category of complexes

abstract:
  Let $(1)$ be an automorphism on an additive category $\mathcal{B}$, and let
$\eta\colon (1)\to {\rm Id}_{\mathcal{B}}$ be a natural transformation
satisfying $\eta_{X(1)}=\eta_X(1)$ for any object $X$ in $\mathcal{B}$. We
construct a new Frobenius exact structure on the category of complexes in
$\mathcal{B}$, which is associated to the natural transformation $\eta$. As a
consequence, the category introduced in Definition 2.4 of [J. Rickard, Morita
theory for derived categories, J. London Math. Soc. 39(1989), 436-456] has a
Frobenius exact structure.


title: Lazy states, discordant states and entangled states for 2-qubit systems

abstract:
  We investigate the lazy states, entangled states and discordant states for
2-qubit systems. We show that many lazy states are discordant, many lazy states
are entangled, and many mixed entangled states are not lazy. With these
investigations, we provide a laziness-discord-entanglement hierarchy diagram
about 2-qubit quantum correlations.


title: New nonlinear equation of KdV-type for a non-flat bottom

abstract:
  In the paper a new nonlinear equation describing shallow water waves with the
topography of the bottom directly taken into account is derived. This equation
is valid in the weakly nonlinear, dispersive and long wavelength limit. Some
examples of soliton motion for various bottom shapes obtained in numerical
simulations according to the derived equation are presented.


title: Exact quantum dynamics of yrast states in the finite 1D Bose gas

abstract:
  We demonstrate that the quantum dynamics of yrast states in the
one-dimensional (1D) Bose gas gives an illustrative example to equilibration of
an isolated quantum many-body system. We first formulate the energy spectrum of
yrast states in terms of the dressed energy by applying the method of
finite-size corrections. We then review the exact time evolution of quantum
states constructed from yrast states shown by the Bethe ansatz. In time
evolution the density profile of an initially localized quantum state
constructed from yrast states collapses into a flat profile in the case of a
large particle number such as N=1000, while recurrence of the localized state
occurs in the case of a small particle number such as N=20. We suggest that the
dynamical relaxation behavior for the large N case is consistent with the
viewpoint of typicality for generic quantum states: the expectation values of
local operators valuated in most of quantum states are very close to those of
the micro-canonical ensemble.


title: Universality classes for unstable crystal growth

abstract:
  Universality has been a key concept for the classification of equilibrium
critical phenomena, allowing associations among different physical processes
and models. When dealing with non-equilibrium problems, however, the
distinction in universality classes is not as clear and few are the examples,
as phase separation and kinetic roughening, for which universality has allowed
to classify results in a general spirit. Here we focus on an out-of-equilibrium
case, unstable crystal growth, lying in between phase ordering and pattern
formation. We consider a well established 2+1 dimensional family of continuum
nonlinear equations for the local height $h(\mathbf{x},t)$ of a crystal surface
having the general form ${\partial_t h(\mathbf{x},t)} = -\mathbf{\nabla}\cdot
{[\mathbf{j}(\nabla h) + \mathbf{\nabla}(\nabla^2 h)]}$: $\mathbf{j}(\nabla h)$
is an arbitrary function, which is linear for small $\nabla h$, and whose
structure expresses instabilities which lead to the formation of pyramid-like
structures of planar size $L$ and height $H$. Our task is the choice and
calculation of the quantities that can operate as critical exponents, together
with the discussion of what is relevant or not to the definition of our
universality class. These aims are achieved by means of a perturbative,
multiscale analysis of our model, leading to phase diffusion equations whose
diffusion coefficients encapsulate all relevant informations on dynamics. We
identify two critical exponents: i) the coarsening exponent, $n$, controlling
the increase in time of the typical size of the pattern, $L\sim t^n$; ii) the
exponent $\beta$, controlling the increase in time of the typical slope of the
pattern, $M \sim t^{\beta}$ where $M\approx H/L$. Our study reveals that there
are only two different universality classes...


title: Hydrodynamic limit for interacting neurons

abstract:
  This paper studies the hydrodynamic limit of a stochastic process describing
the time evolution of a system with N neurons with mean-field interactions
produced both by chemical and by electrical synapses. This system can be
informally described as follows. Each neuron spikes randomly following a point
process with rate depending on its membrane potential. At its spiking time, the
membrane potential of the spiking neuron is reset to the value 0 and,
simultaneously, the membrane potentials of the other neurons are increased by
an amount of potential 1/N . This mimics the effect of chemical synapses.
Additionally, the effect of electrical synapses is represented by a
deterministic drift of all the membrane potentials towards the average value of
the system.
  We show that, as the system size N diverges, the distribution of membrane
potentials becomes deterministic and is described by a limit density which
obeys a non linear PDE which is a conservation law of hyperbolic type.


title: Rankin-Selberg methods for closed string amplitudes

abstract:
  After integrating over supermoduli and vertex operator positions, scattering
amplitudes in superstring theory at genus $h\leq 3$ are reduced to an integral
of a Siegel modular function of degree $h$ on a fundamental domain of the
Siegel upper half plane. A direct computation is in general unwieldy, but
becomes feasible if the integrand can be expressed as a sum over images under a
suitable subgroup of the Siegel modular group: if so, the integration domain
can be extended to a simpler domain at the expense of keeping a single term in
each orbit -- a technique known as the Rankin-Selberg method. Motivated by
applications to BPS-saturated amplitudes, Angelantonj, Florakis and I have
applied this technique to one-loop modular integrals where the integrand is the
product of a Siegel-Narain theta function times a weakly, almost holomorphic
modular form. I survey our main results, and take some steps in extending this
method to genus greater than one.


title:
Probing $L$-violating coupling via sbottom resonance production at the
  LHeC

abstract:
  We investigate the resonant production of the lighter sbottom at the proposed
Large Hadron Electron Collider and its subsequent decay into $e^- + jet$ final
state, under the single coupling dominance hypothesis in the framework of the
$R$-parity-violating minimal supersymmetric standard model. It is concluded
that the LHeC running at the high electron beam energy configuration of $E_e =
150 {\rm GeV}$ would provide excellent opportunities to search for the sbottom
resonance and probe the lepton-number-violating $\hat{L}\hat{Q}\hat{D}$
$\lambda^{\prime}_{113}$-type Yukawa interaction. With about $1 fb^{-1}$
integrated luminosity expected in $E_e = 150 {\rm GeV}$ $e^-p$ collision at the
LHeC, either the lighter sbottom RPV resonance could be directly detected up to
$1 {\rm TeV}$, or the $L$-violating coupling $\lambda^{\prime}_{113}$ could be
constrained at an unprecedented level of precision compared with all the
knowledge derived from indirect measurements.


title: Iterated crowdsourcing dilemma game

abstract:
  The Internet has enabled the emergence of collective problem solving, also
known as crowdsourcing, as a viable option for solving complex tasks. However,
the openness of crowdsourcing presents a challenge because solutions obtained
by it can be sabotaged, stolen, and manipulated at a low cost for the attacker.
We extend a previously proposed crowdsourcing dilemma game to an iterated game
to address this question. We enumerate pure evolutionarily stable strategies
within the class of so-called reactive strategies, i.e., those depending on the
last action of the opponent. Among the 4096 possible reactive strategies, we
find 16 strategies each of which is stable in some parameter regions. Repeated
encounters of the players can improve social welfare when the damage inflicted
by an attack and the cost of attack are both small. Under the current
framework, repeated interactions do not really ameliorate the crowdsourcing
dilemma in a majority of the parameter space.


title:
Hadronic decays of the spin-singlet heavy quarkomium under the principle
  of maximum conformality

abstract:
  The principle of maximum conformality (PMC) provides a way to eliminate the
conventional renormalization scale ambiguity in a systematic way. By applying
the PMC scale setting, all non-conformal terms in perturbative series are
summed into the running coupling, and one obtains a unique, scale-fixed
prediction at any finite order. In the paper, we make a detailed PMC analysis
for the spin-singlet heavy quarkoniums decay (into light hadrons) at the
next-to-leading order. After applying the PMC scale setting, the decay widths
for all those cases are almost independent of the initial renormalization
scales. The PMC scales for $\eta_c$ and $h_c$ decays are below $1$ GeV, in
order to achieve a confidential pQCD estimation, we adopt several low-energy
running coupling models to do the estimation. By taking the MPT model, we
obtain: $\Gamma(\eta_{c} \to LH)=25.09^{+5.52}_{-4.28}$ MeV, $\Gamma(\eta_{b}
\to LH)=14.34^{+0.92}_{-0.84}$ MeV, $\Gamma(h_{c} \to LH)=0.54^{+0.06}_{-0.04}$
MeV and $\Gamma(h_{b} \to LH)=39.89^{+0.28}_{-0.46}$ KeV, where the errors are
calculated by taking $m_{c}\in[1.40\rm GeV,1.60\rm GeV]$ and $m_{b}\in[4.50\rm
GeV,4.70\rm GeV]$. These decay widths agree with the principle of minimum
sensitivity estimations, in which the decay widths of $\eta_{c,b}$ are also
consistent with the measured ones.


title: SUPER: Sparse signals with Unknown Phases Efficiently Recovered

abstract:
  Suppose ${\bf x}$ is any exactly $k$-sparse vector in $\mathbb{C}^{n}$. We
present a class of phase measurement matrix $A$ in $\mathbb{C}^{m\times n}$,
and a corresponding algorithm, called SUPER, that can resolve ${\bf x}$ up to a
global phase from intensity measurements $|A{\bf x}|$ with high probability
over $A$. Here $|A{\bf x}|$ is a vector of component-wise magnitudes of $A{\bf
x}$. The SUPER algorithm is the first to simultaneously have the following
properties: (a) it requires only ${\cal O}(k)$ (order-optimal) measurements,
(b) the computational complexity of decoding is ${\cal O}(k\log k)$ (near
order-optimal) arithmetic operations.


title: Threshold Model for Triggered Avalanches on Networks

abstract:
  Based on a theoretical model for opinion spreading on a network, through
avalanches, the effect of external field is now considered, by using methods
from non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. The original part contains the
implementation that the avalanche is only triggered when a local variable (a so
called awareness) reaches and goes above a threshold. The dynamical rules are
constrained to be as simple as possible, in order to sort out the basic
features, though more elaborated variants are proposed. Several results are
obtained for a Erd\"os-R\'enyi network and interpreted through simple
analytical laws, scale free or logistic map-like, i.e., (i) the sizes,
durations, and number of avalanches, including the respective distributions,
(ii) the number of times the external field is applied to one possible node
before all nodes are found to be above the threshold, (iii) the number of nodes
still below the threshold and the number of hot nodes (close to threshold) at
each time step.


abstract:
  Since their introduction in the early sixties, the R\'enyi entropies have
been used in many contexts, ranging from information theory to astrophysics,
turbulence phenomena and others. In this note, we enlighten the main
connections between R\'enyi entropies and nonlinear diffusion equations. In
particular, it is shown that these relationships allow to prove various
functional inequalities in sharp form.


title:
A radiative-convective equilibrium model for young giant exoplanets:
  Application to beta Pictoris b

abstract:
  We present a radiative-convective equilibrium model for young giant
exoplanets. Model predictions are compared with the existing photometric
measurements of planet beta Pictoris b in the J, H, Ks, L', NB 4.05, M' bands .
This model will be used to interpret future photometric and spectroscopic
observations of exoplanets with SPHERE, mounted at the VLT with a first light
expected mid-2014.


title: Nuclear Norm Subspace Identification (N2SID) for short data batches

abstract:
  Subspace identification is revisited in the scope of nuclear norm
minimization methods. It is shown that essential structural knowledge about the
unknown data matrices in the data equation that relates Hankel matrices
constructed from input and output data can be used in the first step of the
numerical solution presented. The structural knowledge comprises the low rank
property of a matrix that is the product of the extended observability matrix
and the state sequence and the Toeplitz structure of the matrix of Markov
parameters (of the system in innovation form). The new subspace identification
method is referred to as the N2SID (twice the N of Nuclear Norm and SID for
Subspace IDentification) method. In addition to include key structural
knowledge in the solution it integrates the subspace calculation with
minimization of a classical prediction error cost function. The nuclear norm
relaxation enables us to perform such integration while preserving convexity.
The advantages of N2SID are demonstrated in a numerical open- and closed-loop
simulation study. Here a comparison is made with another widely used SID
method, i.e. N4SID. The comparison focusses on the identification with short
data batches, i.e. where the number of measurements is a small multiple of the
system order.