title:
Anatomical Feature-guided Volumeric Registration of Multimodal Prostate
  MRI

abstract:
  Radiological imaging of prostate is becoming more popular among researchers
and clinicians in searching for diseases, primarily cancer. Scans might be
acquired at different times, with patient movement between scans, or with
different equipment, resulting in multiple datasets that need to be registered.
For this issue, we introduce a registration method using anatomical
feature-guided mutual information. Prostate scans of the same patient taken in
three different orientations are first aligned for the accurate detection of
anatomical features in 3D. Then, our pipeline allows for multiple modalities
registration through the use of anatomical features, such as the interior
urethra of prostate and gland utricle, in a bijective way. The novelty of this
approach is the application of anatomical features as the pre-specified
corresponding landmarks for prostate registration. We evaluate the registration
results through both artificial and clinical datasets. Registration accuracy is
evaluated by performing statistical analysis of local intensity differences or
spatial differences of anatomical landmarks between various MR datasets.
Evaluation results demonstrate that our method statistics-significantly
improves the quality of registration. Although this strategy is tested for
MRI-guided brachytherapy, the preliminary results from these experiments
suggest that it can be also applied to other settings such as transrectal
ultrasound-guided or CT-guided therapy, where the integration of preoperative
MRI may have a significant impact upon treatment planning and guidance.


title:
Minimum weight perfect matching of fault-tolerant topological quantum
  error correction in average $O(1)$ parallel time

abstract:
  Consider a 2-D square array of qubits of extent $L\times L$. We provide a
proof that the minimum weight perfect matching problem associated with running
a particular class of topological quantum error correction codes on this array
can be exactly solved with a 2-D square array of classical computing devices,
each of which is nominally associated with a fixed number $N$ of qubits, in
constant average time per round of error detection independent of $L$ provided
physical error rates are below fixed nonzero values, and other physically
reasonable assumptions. This proof is applicable to the fully fault-tolerant
case only, not the case of perfect stabilizer measurements.


title:
Cenozoic Uplift of south Western Australia as constrained by river
  profiles

abstract:
  The relative tectonic quiescence of the Australian continent during the
Cenozoic makes it an excellent natural laboratory to study recent large-scale
variations in surface topography, and processes that influence changes in its
elevation. Embedded within this topography is a fluvial network that is
sensitive to variations in horizontal and vertical motions. The notion that a
river acts as a 'tape recorder' for vertical perturbations suggests that
changes in spatial and temporal characteristics of surface uplift can be
deduced through the analysis of longitudinal river profiles. We analyse 20
longitudinal river profiles around the Australian continent. Concave upward
profiles in northeast Australia indicate an absence of recent surface uplift.
In contrast, the major knickzones within longitudinal profiles of rivers in
southwest Australia suggest recent surface uplift. Given the lack of recent
large-scale tectonic activity in that region, this uplift requires an
explanation. Applying an inverse algorithm to river profiles of south Western
Australia reveals that this surface uplift started in the Eocene and culminated
in the mid-late Neogene. The surface uplift rates deduced from this river
profile analysis generally agree with independent geological observations
including preserved shallow-marine sediment outcrops across the Eucla Basin and
south Western Australia. We show that the interplay between global sea level
and long-wavelength dynamic topography associated with south Western
Australia's plate motion path over the remnants of an ancient Pacific slab is a
plausible mechanism driving this surface uplift.


title:
Temperature and Carbon Assimilation Regulate the Chlorosome Biogenesis
  in Green Sulfur Bacteria

abstract:
  Green photosynthetic bacteria adjust the structure and functionality of the
chlorosome - the light absorbing antenna complex - in response to environmental
stress factors. The chlorosome is a natural self-assembled aggregate of
bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) molecules. In this study we report the regulation of
the biogenesis of the Chlorobaculum tepidum chlorosome by carbon assimilation
in conjunction with temperature changes. Our studies indicate that the carbon
source and thermal stress culture of Cba. tepidum grows slower and incorporates
less BChl c in the chlorosome. Compared with the chlorosome from other cultural
conditions we investigated, the chlorosome from the carbon source and thermal
stress culture displays: (a) smaller cross-sectional radius and overall size;
(b) simplified BChl c homologues with smaller side chains; (c) blue-shifted Qy
absorption maxima and (d) a sigmoid-shaped circular dichroism (CD) spectra.
Using a theoretical model we analyze how the observed spectral modifications
can be associated with structural changes of BChl aggregates inside the
chlorosome. Our report suggests a mechanism of metabolic regulation for
chlorosome biogenesis.


title:
"The tail wags the dog": A study of anomaly detection in commercial
  application performance

abstract:
  The IT industry needs systems management models that leverage available
application information to detect quality of service, scalability and health of
service. Ideally this technique would be common for varying application types
with different n-tier architectures under normal production conditions of
varying load, user session traffic, transaction type, transaction mix, and
hosting environment.
  This paper shows that a whole of service measurement paradigm utilizing a
black box M/M/1 queuing model and auto regression curve fitting of the
associated CDF are an accurate model to characterize system performance
signatures. This modeling method is also used to detect application slow down
events. The technique was shown to work for a diverse range of workloads
ranging from 76 Tx/ 5min to 19,025 Tx/ 5min. The method did not rely on
customizations specific to the n-tier architecture of the systems being
analyzed and so the performance anomaly detection technique was shown to be
platform and configuration agnostic.


title: Open Cluster Evolutions in Binary System: How They Dissolved

abstract:
  Binarity among stellar clusters in galaxy is such a reality which has been
realized for a long time, but still hides several questions and problems to be
solved. Some of binary star clusters are formed by close encounter, but the
others are formed together from similar womb. Some of them undergo separation
process, while the others are in the middle of merger toward common future. The
products of merger binary star cluster have typical characteristics which
differ from solo clusters, especially in their spatial distribution and their
stellar members kinematics. On the other hand, these merger products still have
to face dissolving processes triggered by both internal and external factors.
In this study, we performed N-body simulations of merger binary clusters with
different initial conditions. After merging, these clusters dissolve with
greater mass-loss rate because of their angular momentum. These rotating
clusters also experience more deceleration caused by external tidal field.


title: On The Period Determination of ASAS Eclipsing Binaries

abstract:
  Variable stars, or particularly eclipsing binaries, are very essential
astronomical occurrence. Surveys are the backbone of astronomy, and many
discoveries of variable stars are the results of surveys. All-Sky Automated
Survey (ASAS) is one of the observing projects whose ultimate goal is
photometric monitoring of variable stars. Since its first light in 1997, ASAS
has collected 50,099 variable stars, with 11,076 eclipsing binaries among them.
In the present work we focus on the period determination of the eclipsing
binaries. Since the number of data points in each ASAS eclipsing binary light
curve is sparse, period determination of any system is a not straightforward
process. For 30 samples of such systems we compare the implementation of
Lomb-Scargle algorithm which is an Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) basis and Phase
Dispersion Minimization (PDM) method which is non-FFT basis to determine their
period. It is demonstrated that PDM gives better performance at handling
eclipsing detached (ED) systems whose variability are non-sinusoidal. More
over, using semi-automatic recipes, we get better period solution and
satisfactorily improve 53% of the selected object's light curves, but failed
against another 7% of selected objects. In addition, we also highlight 4
interesting objects for further investigation.


title: Generalized Quasi-Cyclic Codes Over $\mathbb{F}_q+u\mathbb{F}_q$

abstract:
  Generalized quasi-cyclic (GQC) codes with arbitrary lengths over the ring
$\mathbb{F}_{q}+u\mathbb{F}_{q}$, where $u^2=0$, $q=p^n$, $n$ a positive
integer and $p$ a prime number, are investigated. By the Chinese Remainder
Theorem, structural properties and the decomposition of GQC codes are given.
For 1-generator GQC codes, minimal generating sets and lower bounds on the
minimum distance are given. As a special class of GQC codes, quasi-cyclic (QC)
codes over $\mathbb{F}_q+u\mathbb{F}_q$ are also discussed briefly in this
paper.


title:
Conditions for Circumstellar Disk Formation: Effects of Initial
  Conditions and Sink Treatment

abstract:
  The formation of a circumstellar disk in collapsing cloud cores is
investigated with three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations. We prepare
four types of initial cloud having different density profiles and calculate
their evolution with or without a sink. To investigate the effect of magnetic
dissipation on disk formation, the Ohmic dissipation is considered in some
models. Calculations show that disk formation is very sensitive to both the
initial cloud configuration and the sink treatment. The disk size considerably
differs in clouds with different density profiles even when the initial clouds
have almost the same mass-to-flux ratio. Only a very small disk (\sim 10 AU in
size) appears in clouds with a uniform density profile, whereas a large disk
(\sim 100 AU in size) forms in clouds with a Bonnor-Ebert density profile. In
addition, a large sink accretion radius numerically impedes disk formation
during the main accretion phase and tends to foster the misleading notion that
disk formation is completely suppressed by magnetic braking. The protostellar
outflow is also greatly affected by the sink properties. A sink accretion
radius of \lesssim 1 AU and sink threshold density of \gtrsim 10^ 13 cm^-3 are
necessary for investigating disk formation during the main accretion phase.


title:
Extending mixtures of factor models using the restricted multivariate
  skew-normal distribution

abstract:
  The mixture of factor analyzers (MFA) model provides a powerful tool for
analyzing high-dimensional data as it can reduce the number of free parameters
through its factor-analytic representation of the component covariance
matrices. This paper extends the MFA model to incorporate a restricted version
of the multivariate skew-normal distribution to model the distribution of the
latent component factors, called mixtures of skew-normal factor analyzers
(MSNFA). The proposed MSNFA model allows us to relax the need for the normality
assumption for the latent factors in order to accommodate skewness in the
observed data. The MSNFA model thus provides an approach to model-based density
estimation and clustering of high-dimensional data exhibiting asymmetric
characteristics. A computationally feasible ECM algorithm is developed for
computing the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters. Model selection
can be made on the basis of three commonly used information-based criteria. The
potential of the proposed methodology is exemplified through applications to
two real examples, and the results are compared with those obtained from
fitting the MFA model.


title: Two-loop vacuum energy for Calabi-Yau orbifold models

abstract:
  A precise evaluation of the two-loop vacuum energy is provided for certain
Z_2 x Z_2 Calabi-Yau orbifold models in the Heterotic string. The evaluation is
based on the recent general prescription for superstring perturbation theory in
terms of integration over cycles in supermoduli space, implemented at two-loops
with the gauge-fixing methods based on the natural projection of supermoduli
space onto moduli space using the super-period matrix. It is shown that the
contribution from the interior of supermoduli space (computed with the
procedure that has been used in previous two-loop computations) vanishes
identically for both the E_8 x E_8 and Spin (32)/Z_2 Heterotic strings. The
contribution from the boundary of supermoduli space is also evaluated, and
shown to vanish for the E_8 x E_8 string but not for the Spin (32)/Z_2 string,
thus breaking supersymmetry in this last model. As a byproduct, the vacuum
energy in Type II superstrings is shown to vanish as well for these orbifolds.


title:
Comparative study of the production of scalar and tensor mesons in
  $e^+e^-$ collisions

abstract:
  The intensity of scalar $a_0(980)$, $f_0(980)$ and tensor $a_2(1320)$,
$f_2(1270)$ mesons production at VEPP-2000 (BINP, Novosibirsk) and the upgraded
DA$\Phi$NE (Frascati, Italy) in the processes $e^+e^- \to a_0 (f_0$, $a_2$,
$f_2) \gamma$ is calculated. The calculation was made with the help of VDM and
the kaon loop model (for scalar mesons case). Note that the processes
$e^+e^-\to a_2(f_2)\gamma$ have not been studied in the energy region of
VEPP-2000.
  It turned out that in the VEPP-2000 energy region $1.7-2.0$ GeV
$\sigma(e^+e^-\to a_2(f_2)\gamma)\sim 10$ pb, and $\sigma(e^+e^-\to
a_0(f_0)\gamma)\sim 0.1$ pb.
  Photon angle distribution and the spin density matrices of $a_2$ and $f_2$
were calculated also.


title:
Study and Development of a Data Acquisition & Control (DAQ) System using
  TCP/Modbus Protocol

abstract:
  The aim of the project was to develop a HMI (Human-Machine Interface) with
the help of which a person could remotely control and monitor the Vacuum
measurement system. The Vacuum measurement system was constructed using a DAQ
(Data Acquisition & Control) implementation instead of a PLC based
implementation because of the cost involvement and complexity involved in
deployment when only one basic parameter i.e. vacuum is required to be
measured. The system is to be installed in the Superconducting Cyclotron
section of VECC. The need for remote monitoring arises as during the operation
of the K500 Superconducting Cyclotron, people are not allowed to enter within a
certain specified range due to effective ion radiation. Using the designed
software i.e. HMI the following objective of remote monitoring could be
achieved effortlessly from any area which is in the safe zone. Moreover the
software was designed in a way that data could be recorded real time and in an
unmanned way. The hardware is also easy to setup and overcomes the complexity
involved in interfacing a PLC with other hardware. The deployment time is also
quite fast. Lastly, the practical results obtained showed an appreciable degree
of accuracy of the system and friendliness with the user.


title: Iterative Deconvolution of Quadrupole Split NMR Spectra

abstract:
  We propose a simple method to deconvolute NMR spectra of quadrupolar nuclei
in order to separate the distribution of local magnetic hyperfine field from
the quadrupole splitting. It is based on an iterative procedure which allows to
express the intensity of a single NMR line directly as a linear combination of
the intensities of the total experimental spectrum at a few related
frequencies. This procedure is argued to be an interesting complement to
Fourier transformation since it can lead to a significant noise reduction in
some frequency ranges. This is demonstrated in the case of the 11B-NMR spectrum
in SrCu2(BO3)2 at a field of 31.7 T, where a magnetization plateau at 1/6 of
the saturation has been observed.


title:
Comment on `Mathematical structure of the three-dimensional (3D) Ising
  model'

abstract:
  The review paper by Zhang Zhi-Dong contains many errors and is based on
several earlier works that are equally wrong.


title: Mathematical modelling and optimal control of anthracnose

abstract:
  In this paper we propose two nonlinear models for the control of anthracnose
disease. The first is an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model which
represents the within-host evolution of the disease. The second includes
spatial diffusion of the disease in a bounded domain. We demonstrate the
well-posedness of those models by verifying the existence of solutions for
given initial conditions and positive invariance of the positive cone. By
considering a quadratic cost functional and applying a maximum principle, we
construct a feedback optimal control for the ODE model which is evaluated
through numerical simulations with the scientific software Scilab. For the
diffusion model we establish under some conditions the existence of an optimal
control with respect to a generalized version of the cost functional mentioned
above. We also provide a characterization for this optimal control.


title:
Tully-Fisher relation, galactic rotation curves and dissipative mirror
  dark matter

abstract:
  If dark matter is dissipative then the distribution of dark matter within
galactic halos can be governed by dissipation, heating and hydrostatic
equilibrium. Previous work has shown that a specific model, in the framework of
mirror dark matter, can explain several empirical galactic scaling relations.
It is shown here that this dynamical halo model implies a quasi-isothermal dark
matter density, $\rho (r) = \rho_0 r_0^2/(r^2 + r_0^2)$, where the core radius,
$r_0$, scales with disk scale length, $r_D$, via $r_0/{\rm kpc} =
1.4\left(r_D/{\rm kpc}\right)$. Additionally, the product $\rho_0 r_0$ is
roughly $constant$, i.e. independent of galaxy size (the $constant$ is set by
the parameters of the model). The derived dark matter density profile implies
that the galactic rotation velocity satisfies the Tully-Fisher relation, $L_B
\propto v^{3}_{max}$, where $v_{max}$ is the maximal rotational velocity.
Examples of rotation curves resulting from this dynamics are given.


title:
TEXIVE: Detecting Drivers Using Personal Smart Phones by Leveraging
  Inertial Sensors

abstract:
  In this work, we address a fundamental and critical task of detecting the
behavior of driving and texting using smartphones carried by users. We propose,
design, and implement TEXIVE that leverages various sensors integrated in the
smartphone and realizes our goal of distinguishing drivers and passengers and
detecting texting using rich user micro-movements and irregularities that can
be detected by sensors in the phone before and during driving and texting.
Without relying on external infrastructure, TEXIVE has an advantage of being
readily implemented and adopted, while at the same time raising a number of
challenges that need to be carefully addressed for achieving a successful
detection with good sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and precision. Our
system distinguishes the driver and passengers by detecting whether a user is
entering a vehicle or not, inferring which side of the vehicle s/he is
entering, reasoning whether the user is siting in front or rear seats, and
discovering if a user is texting by fusing multiple evidences collected from
accelerometer, magnetometer, and gyroscope sensors. To validate our approach,
we conduct extensive experiments with several users on various vehicles and
smartphones. Our evaluation results show that TEXIVE has a classification
accuracy of 87.18%, and precision of 96.67%.


title:
Accuracy of gravitational waveform models for observing
  neutron-star--black-hole binaries in Advanced LIGO

abstract:
  Gravitational waves radiated by the coalescence of compact-object binaries
containing a neutron star and a black hole are one of the most interesting
sources for the ground-based gravitational-wave observatories Advanced LIGO and
Advanced Virgo. Advanced LIGO will be sensitive to the inspiral of a $1.4\,
M_\odot$ neutron star into a $10\,M_\odot$ black hole to a maximum distance of
$\sim 900$ Mpc. Achieving this sensitivity and extracting the physics imprinted
in observed signals requires accurate modeling of the binary to construct
template waveforms. In a NSBH binary, the black hole may have significant
angular momentum (spin), which affects the phase evolution of the emitted
gravitational waves. We investigate the ability of post-Newtonian (PN)
templates to model the gravitational waves emitted during the inspiral phase of
NSBH binaries. We restrict the black hole's spin to be aligned with the orbital
angular momentum and compare several approximants. We examine restricted
amplitude waveforms that are accurate to 3.5PN order in the orbital dynamics
and complete to 2.5PN order in the spin dynamics. We also consider PN waveforms
with the recently derived 3.5PN spin-orbit and 3PN spin-orbit tail corrections.
We compare these approximants to the effective-one-body model. For all these
models, large disagreements start at low to moderate black hole spins,
particularly for binaries where the spin is anti-aligned with the orbital
angular momentum. We show that this divergence begins in the early inspiral at
$v \sim 0.2$ for $\chi_{BH} \sim 0.4$. PN spin corrections beyond those
currently known will be required for optimal detection searches and to measure
the parameters of neutron star--black hole binaries. While this complicates
searches, the strong dependence of the gravitational-wave signal on the spin
dynamics will make it possible to extract significant astrophysical
information.


title: Isospin-Violating Dark Matter Benchmarks for Snowmass 2013

abstract:
  Isospin-violating dark matter (IVDM) generalizes the standard
spin-independent scattering parameter space by introducing one additional
parameter, the neutron-to-proton coupling ratio f_n/f_p. In IVDM the
implications of direct detection experiments can be altered significantly. We
review the motivations for considering IVDM and present benchmark models that
illustrate some of the qualitatively different possibilities. IVDM strongly
motivates the use of a variety of target nuclei in direct detection
experiments.


title:
Approximate dynamic programming using fluid and diffusion approximations
  with applications to power management

abstract:
  Neuro-dynamic programming is a class of powerful techniques for approximating
the solution to dynamic programming equations. In their most computationally
attractive formulations, these techniques provide the approximate solution only
within a prescribed finite-dimensional function class. Thus, the question that
always arises is how should the function class be chosen? The goal of this
paper is to propose an approach using the solutions to associated fluid and
diffusion approximations. In order to illustrate this approach, the paper
focuses on an application to dynamic speed scaling for power management in
computer processors.


title: Bipartite concurrence and localized coherence

abstract:
  Based on a proposed coherence measure, we show that the local coherence of a
bipartite quantum pure state (coherence of its reduced density matrix) is
exactly the same as the minimal average co- herence with all potential
pure-state realizations under consideration. In particular, it is shown that
bipartite concurrence of pure states just captures the maximal difference
between local coherence and the average coherence of one subsystem induced by
local operations on the other subsystem with the assistance of classical
communications, which provides an alternative operational meaning for bipartite
concurrence of pure states. The relation between concurrence and the proposed
coherence measure can also be extended to bipartite mixed states.


title:
Probing quantum entanglement, quantum discord, classical correlation,
  and the quantum state without disturbing them

abstract:
  In this paper, we present schemes for a type of one-parameter bipartite
quantum states to probe the quantum entanglement, the quantum discord, the
classical correlation and the quantum state based on the cavity QED. It is
shown that our detection does not influence all these measured quantities. We
also discuss how the spontaneous emission introduced by our probe atom
influences our detection.


title: Pure spinor superfields -- an overview

abstract:
  Maximally supersymmetric theories do not allow off-shell superspace
formulations with traditional superfields containing a finite set of auxiliary
fields. It has become clear that off-shell supersymmetric action formulations
of such models can be achieved by the introduction of pure spinors. In this
talk, an overview of this formalism is given, with emphasis on D=10
super-Yang-Mills theory and D=11 supergravity. This a somewhat expanded version
of a talk presented at the workshop "Breaking of supersymmetry and ultraviolet
divergences in extended supergravity" (BUDS), Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati,
March 25-28, 2013.


title:
Are Lagrangian stochastic models at odds with statistical theories of
  relative dispersion?

abstract:
  In an article on statistical modelling of turbulent relative dispersion,
Franzese & Cassiani (2007, p. 402) commented on Lagrangian stochastic models
and reported some concern about the consistency between statisti- cal and
stochastic modelling of turbulent dispersion. In this short article, comparison
of the two approaches is performed. As far as the dependence of models from
turbulence constants is concerned, the two theoretical ap- proaches are found
to be in perfect agreement eliminating every possible concern.


title: A type of localized quadripartite entanglement

abstract:
  In this paper, we show that the average three-tangle of the reduced
tripartite density matrix for some quadripartite pure states can be increased
by some potential measurements on the fourth subsystem, which means this type
of quadripartite entanglement can be localized. In particular, we prove that
the maximal increment with all potential measurements taken into account is a
quadripartite entanglement monotone, so it quantifies this localized
quadripartite entanglement. By analyzing quadripartite pure states based on the
previous classification, we find that this quadripartite entanglement monotone
is not only present in the standard GHZ state and absent in the standard W
states. In addition, based on the proposed entanglement measure, we construct a
new monogamy relation.


title:
Fluctuations of the initial color fields in high energy heavy ion
  collisions

abstract:
  In the Color Glass Condensate approach to the description of high energy
heavy ion collisions, one needs to superimpose small random Gaussian
distributed fluctuations to the classical background field, in order to resum
the leading secular terms that result from the Weibel instability, that would
otherwise lead to pathological results beyond leading order. In practical
numerical simulations, one needs to know this spectrum of fluctuations at a
proper time $\tau \ll Q_s^{-1}$ shortly after the collision, in the
Fock-Schwinger gauge $A^\tau=0$.
  In this paper, we derive these fluctuations from first principles, by solving
the Yang-Mills equations linearized around the classical background, with plane
wave initial conditions in the remote past. We perform the intermediate steps
in light-cone gauge, and we convert the results to the Fock-Schwinger gauge at
the end. We obtain simple and explicit formulas for the fluctuation modes.


title: Truthful approximations to range voting

abstract:
  We consider the fundamental mechanism design problem of approximate social
welfare maximization under general cardinal preferences on a finite number of
alternatives and without money. The well-known range voting scheme can be
thought of as a non-truthful mechanism for exact social welfare maximization in
this setting. With m being the number of alternatives, we exhibit a randomized
truthful-in-expectation ordinal mechanism implementing an outcome whose
expected social welfare is at least an Omega(m^{-3/4}) fraction of the social
welfare of the socially optimal alternative. On the other hand, we show that
for sufficiently many agents and any truthful-in-expectation ordinal mechanism,
there is a valuation profile where the mechanism achieves at most an
O(m^{-{2/3}) fraction of the optimal social welfare in expectation. We get
tighter bounds for the natural special case of m = 3, and in that case
furthermore obtain separation results concerning the approximation ratios
achievable by natural restricted classes of truthful-in-expectation mechanisms.
In particular, we show that for m = 3 and a sufficiently large number of
agents, the best mechanism that is ordinal as well as mixed-unilateral has an
approximation ratio between 0.610 and 0.611, the best ordinal mechanism has an
approximation ratio between 0.616 and 0.641, while the best mixed-unilateral
mechanism has an approximation ratio bigger than 0.660. In particular, the best
mixed-unilateral non-ordinal (i.e., cardinal) mechanism strictly outperforms
all ordinal ones, even the non-mixed-unilateral ordinal ones.


title:
Measurement of a Phase of a Radio Wave Reflected from Rock Salt and Ice
  Irradiated by an Electron Beam for Detection of Ultra-High-Energy Neutrinos

abstract:
  We have found a radio-wave-reflection effect in rock salt for the detection
of ultra-high energy neutrinos which are expected to be generated in Greisen,
Zatsepin, and Kuzmin (GZK) processes in the universe. When an UHE neutrino
interacts with rock salt or ice as a detection medium, a shower is generated.
That shower is formed by hadronic and electromagnetic avalanche processes. The
energy of the UHE neutrino shower converts to thermal energy through ionization
processes. Consequently, the temperature rises along the shower produced by the
UHE neutrino. The refractive index of the medium rises with temperature. The
irregularity of the refractive index in the medium leads to a reflection of
radio waves. This reflection effect combined with the long attenuation length
of radio waves in rock salt and ice would yield a new method to detect UHE
neutrinos. We measured the phase of the reflected radio wave under irradiation
with an electron beam on ice and rock salt powder. The measured phase showed
excellent consistence with the power reflection fraction which was measured
directly. A model taking into account the temperature change explained the
phase and the amplitude of the reflected wave. Therefore the reflection
mechanism was confirmed. The power reflection fraction was compared with that
calculated with the Fresnel equations, the ratio between the measured result
and that obtained with the Fresnel equations in ice was larger than that of
rock salt.


title: Problems and memories

abstract: I state some open problems coming from joint work with Paul Erd\H{o}s


title: Ensemble Methods for Multi-label Classification

abstract:
  Ensemble methods have been shown to be an effective tool for solving
multi-label classification tasks. In the RAndom k-labELsets (RAKEL) algorithm,
each member of the ensemble is associated with a small randomly-selected subset
of k labels. Then, a single label classifier is trained according to each
combination of elements in the subset. In this paper we adopt a similar
approach, however, instead of randomly choosing subsets, we select the minimum
required subsets of k labels that cover all labels and meet additional
constraints such as coverage of inter-label correlations. Construction of the
cover is achieved by formulating the subset selection as a minimum set covering
problem (SCP) and solving it by using approximation algorithms. Every cover
needs only to be prepared once by offline algorithms. Once prepared, a cover
may be applied to the classification of any given multi-label dataset whose
properties conform with those of the cover. The contribution of this paper is
two-fold. First, we introduce SCP as a general framework for constructing label
covers while allowing the user to incorporate cover construction constraints.
We demonstrate the effectiveness of this framework by proposing two
construction constraints whose enforcement produces covers that improve the
prediction performance of random selection. Second, we provide theoretical
bounds that quantify the probabilities of random selection to produce covers
that meet the proposed construction criteria. The experimental results indicate
that the proposed methods improve multi-label classification accuracy and
stability compared with the RAKEL algorithm and to other state-of-the-art
algorithms.


title:
Improving A*OMP: Theoretical and Empirical Analyses With a Novel Dynamic
  Cost Model

abstract:
  Best-first search has been recently utilized for compressed sensing (CS) by
the A* orthogonal matching pursuit (A*OMP) algorithm. In this work, we
concentrate on theoretical and empirical analyses of A*OMP. We present a
restricted isometry property (RIP) based general condition for exact recovery
of sparse signals via A*OMP. In addition, we develop online guarantees which
promise improved recovery performance with the residue-based termination
instead of the sparsity-based one. We demonstrate the recovery capabilities of
A*OMP with extensive recovery simulations using the adaptive-multiplicative
(AMul) cost model, which effectively compensates for the path length
differences in the search tree. The presented results, involving phase
transitions for different nonzero element distributions as well as recovery
rates and average error, reveal not only the superior recovery accuracy of
A*OMP, but also the improvements with the residue-based termination and the
AMul cost model. Comparison of the run times indicate the speed up by the AMul
cost model. We also demonstrate a hybrid of OMP and A?OMP to accelerate the
search further. Finally, we run A*OMP on a sparse image to illustrate its
recovery performance for more realistic coefcient distributions.


title: Parabolic automorphisms of projective surfaces (after M. H. Gizatullin)

abstract:
  In 1980, Gizatullin classified rational surfaces endowed with an automorphism
whose action on the Neron-Severi group is parabolic: these surfaces are endowed
with an elliptic fibration invariant by the automorphism. The aim of this
expository paper is to present for non-experts the details of Gizatullin's
original proof, and to provide an introduction to a recent paper by Cantat and
Dolgachev.


title: Simpler Sequential and Parallel Biconnectivity Augmentation

abstract:
  For a connected graph, a vertex separator is a set of vertices whose removal
creates at least two components and a minimum vertex separator is a vertex
separator of least cardinality. The vertex connectivity refers to the size of a
minimum vertex separator. For a connected graph $G$ with vertex connectivity $k
(k \geq 1)$, the connectivity augmentation refers to a set $S$ of edges whose
augmentation to $G$ increases its vertex connectivity by one. A minimum
connectivity augmentation of $G$ is the one in which $S$ is minimum. In this
paper, we focus our attention on connectivity augmentation of trees. Towards
this end, we present a new sequential algorithm for biconnectivity augmentation
in trees by simplifying the algorithm reported in \cite{nsn}. The simplicity is
achieved with the help of edge contraction tool. This tool helps us in getting
a recursive subproblem preserving all connectivity information. Subsequently,
we present a parallel algorithm to obtain a minimum connectivity augmentation
set in trees. Our parallel algorithm essentially follows the overall structure
of sequential algorithm. Our implementation is based on CREW PRAM model with
$O(\Delta)$ processors, where $\Delta$ refers to the maximum degree of a tree.
We also show that our parallel algorithm is optimal whose processor-time
product is O(n) where $n$ is the number of vertices of a tree, which is an
improvement over the parallel algorithm reported in \cite{hsu}.


title:
Uniform bounds for the number of rational points on hyperelliptic curves
  of small Mordell-Weil rank

abstract:
  We show that there is a bound depending only on g and [K:Q] for the number of
K-rational points on a hyperelliptic curve C of genus g over a number field K
such that the Mordell-Weil rank r of its Jacobian is at most g-3. If K = Q, an
explicit bound is 8 r g + 33 (g - 1) + 1.
  The proof is based on Chabauty's method; the new ingredient is an estimate
for the number of zeros of a logarithm in a p-adic `annulus' on the curve,
which generalizes the standard bound on disks. The key observation is that for
a p-adic field k, the set of k-points on C can be covered by a collection of
disks and annuli whose number is bounded in terms of g (and k).
  We also show, strengthening a recent result by Poonen and the author, that
the lower density of hyperelliptic curves of odd degree over Q whose only
rational point is the point at infinity tends to 1 uniformly over families
defined by congruence conditions, as the genus g tends to infinity.


title: Approximation Schemes for Maximum Weight Independent Set of Rectangles

abstract:
  In the Maximum Weight Independent Set of Rectangles (MWISR) problem we are
given a set of n axis-parallel rectangles in the 2D-plane, and the goal is to
select a maximum weight subset of pairwise non-overlapping rectangles. Due to
many applications, e.g. in data mining, map labeling and admission control, the
problem has received a lot of attention by various research communities. We
present the first (1+epsilon)-approximation algorithm for the MWISR problem
with quasi-polynomial running time 2^{poly(log n/epsilon)}. In contrast, the
best known polynomial time approximation algorithms for the problem achieve
superconstant approximation ratios of O(log log n) (unweighted case) and O(log
n / log log n) (weighted case).
  Key to our results is a new geometric dynamic program which recursively
subdivides the plane into polygons of bounded complexity. We provide the
technical tools that are needed to analyze its performance. In particular, we
present a method of partitioning the plane into small and simple areas such
that the rectangles of an optimal solution are intersected in a very controlled
manner. Together with a novel application of the weighted planar graph
separator theorem due to Arora et al. this allows us to upper bound our
approximation ratio by (1+epsilon).
  Our dynamic program is very general and we believe that it will be useful for
other settings. In particular, we show that, when parametrized properly, it
provides a polynomial time (1+epsilon)-approximation for the special case of
the MWISR problem when each rectangle is relatively large in at least one
dimension. Key to this analysis is a method to tile the plane in order to
approximately describe the topology of these rectangles in an optimal solution.
This technique might be a useful insight to design better polynomial time
approximation algorithms or even a PTAS for the MWISR problem.


title:
Elastocapillary Snapping: Capillarity Induces Snap-Through Instabilities
  in Small Elastic Beams

abstract:
  We report on the capillary-induced snapping of elastic beams. We show that a
millimeter-sized water drop gently deposited on a thin buckled polymer strip
may trigger an elastocapillary snap-through instability. We investigate
experimentally and theoretically the statics and dynamics of this phenomenon
and we further demonstrate that snapping can act against gravity, or be induced
by soap bubbles on centimeter-sized thin metal strips. We argue that this
phenomenon is suitable to miniaturization and design a condensation-induced
spin-off version of the experiment involving an hydrophilic strip placed in a
steam flow.


title: Majority-vote model with heterogeneous agents on square lattice

abstract:
  We study a nonequilibrium model with up-down symmetry and a noise parameter
$q$ known as majority-vote model of M.J. Oliveira 1992 with heterogeneous
agents on square lattice. By Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling
relations the critical exponents $\beta/\nu$, $\gamma/\nu$, and $1/\nu$ and
points $q_{c}$ and $U^*$ are obtained. After extensive simulations, we obtain
$\beta/\nu=0.35(1)$, $\gamma/\nu=1.23(8)$, and $1/\nu=1.05(5)$. The calculated
values of the critical noise parameter and Binder cumulant are
$q_{c}=0.1589(4)$ and $U^*=0.604(7)$. Within the error bars, the exponents obey
the relation $2\beta/\nu+\gamma/\nu=2$ and the results presented here
demonstrate that the majority-vote model heterogeneous agents belongs to a
different universality class than the nonequilibrium majority-vote models with
homogeneous agents on square lattice.


title: The 3-dimensional oscillon equation

abstract:
  On a bounded three-dimensional smooth domain, we consider the generalized
oscillon equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions, with time-dependent
damping and time-dependent squared speed of propagation. Under structural
assumptions on the damping and the speed of propagation, which include the
relevant physical case of reheating phase of inflation, we establish the
existence of a pullback global attractor of optimal regularity, and
finite-dimensionality of the kernel sections.


title: Conditionally strictly negative definite kernels

abstract:
  In this note we refine the notion of conditionally negative definite kernels
to the notion of conditionally strictly negative definite kernels and study its
properties. We show that the class of these kernels carries some surprising
rigidity, in particular, the word metric function on Coxeter groups is
conditionally strictly negative definite if and only if the group is a free
product of a number of copies of $\mathbb{Z}_2$'s and that the class of
conditionally strictly negative definite kernels on a finite set is a
one-parameter perturbation of the class of strictly positive definite kernels
on this set. We also discuss several examples.


title:
PKS 1510-089: a rare example of a flat spectrum radio quasar with a very
  high-energy emission

abstract:
  The blazar PKS 1510-089 is an example of flat spectrum radio quasars.
High-energy emissions from this class of objects are believed to have been
produced by inverse Compton radiation with seed photons originating from the
broad line region. In such a paradigm, a lack of very high-energy emissions is
expected because of the Klein-Nishina effect and strong absorption in the broad
line region. Recent detection of at least three such blazars by Cherenkov
telescopes has forced a revision of our understanding of these objects. We have
aimed to model the observed spectral energy distribution of PKS 1510-089 from
the high-energy flares in March 2009, during which very high-energy emission
were also detected by H.E.S.S. We have applied the single-zone internal shock
scenario to reproduce the multiwavelength spectrum of PKS~1510-089. We have
followed the evolution of the electrons as they propagate along the jet and
emit synchrotron and inverse Compton radiation. We have considered two sources
of external photons: the dusty torus and the broad line region. We have also
examined the effects of the gamma-gamma absorption of the high-energy photons
both in the AGN environment (the broad line region and the dusty torus), as
well as while traveling over cosmological distances: the extragalactic
background light. We have successfully modeled the observed spectrum of PKS
1510-089. In our model, the highest energy emission is the result of the
Comptonization of the infrared photons from the dusty torus, thus avoiding
Klein-Nishina regime, while the bulk of the emissions in the GeV range may
still be dominated by the Comptonization of radiation coming from the broad
line region.


title: Linear hyperbolic PDEs with non-commutative time

abstract:
  Motivated by wave or Dirac equations on noncommutative deformations of
Minkowski space, linear integro-differential equations of the form $(D+\lambda
W)f=0$ are studied, where $D$ is a normal or prenormal hyperbolic differential
operator on ${\mathbb R}^n$, $\lambda\in\mathbb C$ is a coupling constant, and
$W$ is a regular integral operator with compactly supported kernel. In
particular, $W$ can be non-local in time, so that a Hamiltonian formulation is
not possible. It is shown that for sufficiently small $|\lambda|$, the
hyperbolic character of $D$ is essentially preserved. Unique advanced/retarded
fundamental solutions are constructed by means of a convergent expansion in
$\lambda$, and the solution spaces are analyzed. It is shown that the acausal
behavior of the solutions is well-controlled, but the Cauchy problem is
ill-posed in general. Nonetheless, a scattering operator can be calculated
which describes the effect of $W$ on the space of solutions of $D$.
  It is also described how these structures occur in the context of
noncommutative Minkowski space, and how the results obtained here can be used
for the analysis of classical and quantum field theories on such spaces.


title:
Block entanglement and fluctuations in finite size correlated electron
  systems

abstract:
  The block entanglement entropy and fluctuations are investigated in one
dimension in finite size correlated electron systems using the Gutzwiller wave
function as a prototype correlated electron state. Entanglement entropy shows
logarithmic divergence for all values of the correlation projection parameter
$g$, as predicted by conformal field theories for critical systems, but the
central charge requires finite size corrections. There is an infinite
correlation length corresponding to correlation between same kinds of spins,
for all values of $g$. A scaling form for the block entropy, as a function of
$g$ and the system size $N$, is proposed which predicts a metal-insulator
crossover at $N^{1/3} g\approx 0.24$. Bipartite fluctuations in the number of
particles in a block, and the spin fluctuations also obey an approximate
scaling. A relation is found between the block entropy and the bipartite spin
fluctuations. Our results show some correspondence with an experiment on Ni
nanochains.


title: LHC physics of extra gauge bosons in the 4D Composite Higgs Model

abstract:
  We study the phenomenology of both the Neutral Current (NC) and Charged
Current (CC) Drell-Yan (DY) processes at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) within
a 4 Dimensional realization of a Composite Higgs model with partial
compositness by estimating the integrated and differential event rates and
taking into account the possible impact of the extra fermions present in the
spectrum. We show that, in certain regions of the parameters space, the
multiple neutral resonances present in the model can be distinguishable and
experimentally accessible in the invariant or transverse mass distributions.


title:
Embedding truncated skew polynomial rings into matrix rings and
  embedding of a ring into 2x2 supermatrices

abstract:
  For an endomorphism s of R with s^{t}=1 we prove that the truncated
polynomial ring (algebra) R[w,s]/(w^{t}) embeds into M_{t}(R[z]/(z^{t})). For
an involution we exhibit an embedding of R into M_{2,1}^{s}(R), where
M_{2,1}^{s}(R) is the algebra of the so called (s,2,1) supermatrices.


title: Jordan property for groups of birational selfmaps

abstract:
  Assuming a particular case of Borisov--Alexeev--Borisov conjecture, we prove
that finite subgroups of the automorphism group of a finitely generated field
over Q have bounded orders. Further, we investigate which algebraic varieties
have groups of birational selfmaps satisfying the Jordan property.


title:
Harmonic analysis on Lagrangian manifolds of integrable Hamiltonian
  systems

abstract:
  For an integrable Hamiltonian system we construct a representation of the
phase space symmetry algebra over the space of functions on a Lagrangian
manifold. The representation is a result of the canonical quantization of the
integrable system in terms of separation variables. The variables are chosen in
such way that a half of them parameterizes the Lagrangian manifold, which
coincides with the Liouville torus of the integrable system. The obtained
representation is indecomposable and non-exponentiated.


title:
MacWilliams type identities for some new $m$-spotty weight enumerators
  over finite commutative Frobenius rings

abstract:
  Past few years have seen an extensive use of RAM chips with wide I/O data
(e.g. 16, 32, 64 bits) in computer memory systems. These chips are highly
vulnerable to a special type of byte error, called an $m$-spotty byte error,
which can be effectively detected or corrected using byte error-control codes.
The MacWilliams identity provides the relationship between the weight
distribution of a code and that of its dual. This paper introduces $m$-spotty
Hamming weight enumerator, joint $m$-spotty Hamming weight enumerator and split
$m$-spotty Hamming weight enumerator for byte error-control codes over finite
commutative Frobenius rings as well as $m$-spotty Lee weight enumerator over an
infinite family of rings. In addition, MacWilliams type identities are also
derived for these enumerators.


title:
The cosmological evolution of the cosmological plasma with interpartial
  scalar interaction. I. The canonic formulation of classical scalar
  interaction

abstract:
  On the basis of Hamilton a formalism the dynamic equations of movement scalar
charged particles in a classical scalar field are formulated. Unlike earlier
published works of the author the model with zero own weight of particles is
considered. Linear integrals of movement are found and ambiguity of
communication between kinematic speed and an impulse of particles is specified.


title: Subdivision rules for special cubulated groups

abstract:
  We find explicit subdivision rules for all special cubulated groups. A
subdivision rule for a group produces a sequence of tilings on a sphere which
encode all quasi-isometric information for a group. We show how these tilings
detect properties such as growth, ends, divergence, etc. We include figures of
several worked out examples.


title: Fractional p-eigenvalues

abstract:
  We discuss some basic properties of the eigenfunctions of a class of nonlocal
operators whose model is the fractional p-Laplacian.


title: Lifting Structural Tractability to CSP with Global Constraints

abstract:
  A wide range of problems can be modelled as constraint satisfaction problems
(CSPs), that is, a set of constraints that must be satisfied simultaneously.
Constraints can either be represented extensionally, by explicitly listing
allowed combinations of values, or implicitly, by special-purpose algorithms
provided by a solver. Such implicitly represented constraints, known as global
constraints, are widely used; indeed, they are one of the key reasons for the
success of constraint programming in solving real-world problems.
  In recent years, a variety of restrictions on the structure of CSP instances
that yield tractable classes have been identified. However, many such
restrictions fail to guarantee tractability for CSPs with global constraints.
In this paper, we investigate the properties of extensionally represented
constraints that these restrictions exploit to achieve tractability, and show
that there are large classes of global constraints that also possess these
properties. This allows us to lift these restrictions to the global case, and
identify new tractable classes of CSPs with global constraints.


title:
SN 2012ca: a stripped envelope core-collapse SN interacting with dense
  circumstellar medium

abstract:
  We report optical and near-infrared observations of SN 2012ca with the Public
ESO Spectroscopy Survey of Transient Objects (PESSTO), spread over one year
since discovery. The supernova (SN) bears many similarities to SN 1997cy and to
other events classified as Type IIn but which have been suggested to have a
thermonuclear origin with narrow hydrogen lines produced when the ejecta impact
a hydrogen-rich circumstellar medium (CSM). Our analysis, especially in the
nebular phase, reveals the presence of oxygen, magnesium and carbon features.
This suggests a core collapse explanation for SN2012ca, in contrast to the
thermonuclear interpretation proposed for some members of this group. We
suggest that the data can be explained with a hydrogen and helium deficient SN
ejecta (Type I) interacting with a hydrogen-rich CSM, but that the explosion
was more likely a Type Ic core-collapse explosion than a Type Ia thermonuclear
one. This suggests two channels (both thermonuclear and stripped envelope
core-collapse) may be responsible for these SN 1997cy-like events.


title: Local rigidity for hyperbolic groups with Sierpi\'nski carpet boundaries

abstract:
  Let $G$ and $\tilde G$ be Kleinian groups whose limit sets $S$ and $\tilde
S$, respectively, are homeomorphic to the standard Sierpi\'nski carpet, and
such that every complementary component of each of $S$ and $\tilde S$ is a
round disc. We assume that the groups $G$ and $\tilde G$ act cocompactly on
triples on their respective limit sets. The main theorem of the paper states
that any quasiregular map (in a suitably defined sense) from an open connected
subset of $S$ to $\tilde S$ is the restriction of a M\"obius transformation
that takes $S$ onto $\tilde S$, in particular it has no branching. This theorem
applies to the fundamental groups of compact hyperbolic 3-manifolds with
non-empty totally geodesic boundaries.
  One consequence of the main theorem is the following result. Assume that $G$
is a torsion-free hyperbolic group whose boundary at infinity $\dee_\infty G$
is a Sierpi\'nski carpet that embeds quasisymmetrically into the standard
2-sphere. Then there exists a group $H$ that contains $G$ as a finite index
subgroup and such that any quasisymmetric map $f$ between open connected
subsets of $\dee_\infty G$ is the restriction of the induced boundary map of an
element $h\in H$.


title: Higher-order Bernoulli and poly-Bernoulli mixed type polynomials

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider higher-order Bernoulli and poly-Bernoulli mixed
type polynomials and we give some interesting identities of those polynomials
arising from umbral calculus.


title: The Almost Sure Invariance Principle for Beta-Mixing measures

abstract:
  The theorem of Shannon-McMillan-Breiman states that for every generating
partition on an ergodic system of finite entropy the exponential decay rate of
the measure of cylinder sets equals the metric entropy almost everywhere. In
addition the measure of $n$-cylinders is in various settings known to be
lognormally distributed in the limit. In this paper the logarithm of the
measure of $n$-cylinder, the information function, satisfies the almost sure
invariance principle in the case in which the measure is $\beta$-mixing. We get
a similar result for the recurrence time.
  Previous results are due to Philipp and Stout who deduced the ASIP when the
measure is strong mixing and satisfies an $\mathscr{L}^1$-type Gibbs condition.


title: Upsilon suppression in PbPb collisions at the LHC

abstract:
  The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) has measured the suppression of the
bottomonium states Y(1S), Y(2S), and Y(3S) in PbPb collisions at sqrt(s_NN) =
2.76 TeV relative to pp collisions, scaled by the number of inelastic
nucleon-nucleon collisions. CMS observed a stronger suppression for the weaker
bound Y(2S) and Y(3S) states than for the ground state Y(1S). Such "sequential
melting" has been predicted to be a clear signature for the creation of a
quark-gluon plasma. The suppression of the Y(1S) and Y(2S) has been measured as
a function of collision centrality for Y in the rapidity interval |y| < 2.4 and
with transverse momentum (p_T) down to 0. Furthermore, the p_T and rapidity
dependence of the Y(1S) suppression are presented.


title: Evaporating Firewalls

abstract:
  In this note, we begin by reviewing an argument (independent from 1304.6483)
that the large AdS black holes dual to typical high-energy pure states of a
single holographic CFT must have some structure at the horizon (i.e. a
firewall/fuzzball). By weakly coupling the CFT to an auxiliary system, such a
black hole can be made to evaporate. In a case where the auxiliary system is a
second identical CFT, it is possible (for specific initial states) that the
system evolves to precisely the thermofield double state as the original black
hole evaporates. In this case, the dual geometry should include the "late-time"
part of the eternal AdS black hole spacetime which includes smooth spacetime
behind the horizon of the original black hole. Thus, we can say that the
firewall evaporates. This provides a specific realization of the recent ideas
of Maldacena and Susskind that the existence of smooth spacetime behind the
horizon of an evaporating black hole can be enabled by maximal entanglement
with a Hawking radiation system (in our case the second CFT) rather than
prevented by it. For initial states which are not finely-tuned to produce the
thermofield double state, the question of whether a late-time infalling
observer experiences a firewall translates to a question about the gravity dual
of a typical high-energy state of a two-CFT system.


title: Modification of the B Meson Mass in a Magnetic Field from QCD Sum Rules

abstract:
  In this paper we extend the well known QCD sum rules used in the calculation
of the mass of heavy mesons to estimate the modification of the charged B meson
mass, m_B, in the presence of an external Abelian magnetic field, eB. Two
simplifying limits were considered: the weak field limit in which the external
field satisfies eB << m^2 (with m being any of the masses involved) and the
strong field limit in which the field strength is small in comparison to the
bottom quark mass (or the B meson mass) squared but it is large compared to the
mass of the light quarks, i.e., m^2_{u,d} << eB << m^2_{b,B}. We found that m_B
decreases with the magnetic field in the both of these limits.


title: The First Stars: A Low-Mass Formation Mode

abstract:
  We perform numerical simulations of the growth of a Population III stellar
system under photodissociating feedback. We start from cosmological initial
conditions at z = 100, self-consistently following the formation of a minihalo
at z = 15 and the subsequent collapse of its central gas to high densities. The
simulations resolve scales as small as ~ 1 AU, corresponding to gas densities
of 10^16 cm^-3. Using sink particles to represent the growing protostars, we
evolve the stellar system for the next 5000 years. We find that this emerging
stellar group accretes at an unusually low rate compared with minihalos which
form at earlier times (z = 20 - 30), or with lower baryonic angular momentum.
The stars in this unusual system will likely reach masses ranging from < 1
M_sun to 5 M_sun by the end of their main-sequence lifetimes, placing them in
the mass range for which stars will undergo an asymptotic giant branch (AGB)
phase. Based upon the simulation, we predict the rare existence of Population
III stars that have survived to the present day and have been enriched by mass
overflow from a previous AGB companion.


title: The Containment Condition and AdapFail algorithms

abstract:
  This short note investigates convergence of adaptive MCMC algorithms, i.e.\
algorithms which modify the Markov chain update probabilities on the fly. We
focus on the Containment condition introduced in \cite{roberts2007coupling}. We
show that if the Containment condition is \emph{not} satisfied, then the
algorithm will perform very poorly. Specifically, with positive probability,
the adaptive algorithm will be asymptotically less efficient then \emph{any}
nonadaptive ergodic MCMC algorithm. We call such algorithms \texttt{AdapFail},
and conclude that they should not be used.


title: Schur's partition theorem and mixed mock modular forms

abstract:
  We study families of partitions with gap conditions that were introduced by
Schur and Andrews, and describe their fundamental connections to combinatorial
q-series and automorphic forms. In particular, we show that the generating
functions for these families naturally lead to deep identities for theta
functions and Hickerson's universal mock theta function, which provides a very
general answer to Andrews' Conjecture on the modularity of the Schur-type
generating function. Furthermore, we also complete the second part of Andrews'
speculation by determining the asymptotic behavior of these functions. In
particular, we use Wright's Circle Method in order to prove families of
asymptotic inequalities in the spirit of the Alder-Andrews Conjecture. As a
final application, we prove the striking result that the universal mock theta
function can be expressed as a conditional probability in a certain natural
probability space with an infinite sequence of independent events.


title: R-equivalence on del Pezzo surfaces of degree 4 and cubic surfaces

abstract:
  We prove that there is a unique $R$-equivalence class on every del Pezzo
surface of degree $4$ defined over the Laurent field $K=k((t))$ in one variable
over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic not equal to $2$ or
$5$. We also prove that given a smooth cubic surface defined over
$\mathbb{C}((t))$, if the induced morphism to the GIT compactification of
smooth cubic surfaces lies in the stable locus (possibly after a base change),
then there is a unique $R$-equivalence class.


title:
Nonlinear corrections in basic problems of electro- and magneto-statics
  in the vacuum

abstract:
  We find third-power nonlinear corrections to the Coulomb and other static
electric fields, as well as to the electric and magnetic dipole fields, as we
work within QED with no background field. The nonlinear response function we
base our consideration on is the fourth-rank polarization tensor, calculated
within the local (infrared) approximation of the effective action. Therefore,
the results are applicable to weakly varying fields. It is established that the
nonlinear correction to magnetic moment of some baryons just matches, in the
order of magnitude, the existing gap between its experimental and theoretical
values.


title: Self-Consistent RPA from a Coupled Cluster Wave Function Perspective

abstract:
  Self-Consistent RPA is rederived in a consistent way with the help of the
Coupled Cluster ground state wave function truncated at the two body level. An
exact killing operator for this wave function is introduced allowing for a
detailed discussion of the approximation scheme. Several exactly solvable
models are reanalyzed under this new perspective giving raise to a quantitative
evaluation of the performances of this many body method.


title: \'Etale Descent of Derivations

abstract:
  We study \'etale descent of derivations of algebras with values in a module.
The algebras under consideration are twisted forms of algebras over rings, and
apply to all classes of algebras, notably associative and Lie algebras, such as
the multiloop algebras that appear in the construction of extended affine Lie
algebras.


title: Communication Lower Bounds for Distributed-Memory Computations

abstract:
  We give lower bounds on the communication complexity required to solve
several computational problems in a distributed-memory parallel machine, namely
standard matrix multiplication, stencil computations, comparison sorting, and
the Fast Fourier Transform. We revisit the assumptions under which preceding
results were derived and provide new lower bounds which use much weaker and
appropriate hypotheses. Our bounds rely on a mild assumption on work
distribution, and strengthen previous results which require either the
computation to be balanced among the processors, or specific initial
distributions of the input data, or an upper bound on the size of processors'
local memories.


title: Schwinger-Dyson equations: classical and quantum

abstract:
  In this note we want to have another look on Schwinger-Dyson equations for
the eigenvalue distributions and the fluctuations of classical unitarily
invariant random matrix models. We are exclusively dealing with one-matrix
models, for which the situation is quite well understood. Our point is not to
add any new results to this, but to have a more algebraic point of view on
these results and to understand from this perspective the universality results
for fluctuations of these random matrices. We will also consider corresponding
non-commutative or "quantum" random matrix models and contrast the results for
fluctuations and Schwinger-Dyson equations in the quantum case with the
findings from the classical case.


title: Revisiting the entropic force between fluctuating biological membranes

abstract:
  The complex interplay between the various attractive and repulsive forces
that mediate between biological membranes governs an astounding array of
biological functions: cell adhesion, membrane fusion, self-assembly,
binding-unbinding transition among others. In this work, the entropic repulsive
force between membranes---which originates due to thermally excited
fluctuations---is critically reexamined both analytically and through
systematic Monte Carlo simulations. A recent work by Freund \cite {Freund13}
has questioned the validity of a well-accepted result derived by Helfrich
\cite{Helfrich78}. We find that, in agreement with Freund, for small
inter-membrane separations ($d$), the entropic pressure scales as $p\sim 1/d $,
in contrast to Helfrich's result: $p\sim 1/d^3$. For intermediate separations,
our calculations agree with that of Helfrich and finally, for large
inter-membrane separations, we observe an exponentially decaying behavior.


title: Jet p_T Resummation in Higgs Production at NNLL'+NNLO

abstract:
  We present predictions for Higgs production via gluon fusion with a p_T veto
on jets and with the resummation of jet-veto logarithms at NNLL'+$NNLO order.
These results incorporate explicit O(alphas^2) calculations of soft and beam
functions, which include the dominant dependence on the jet radius R. In
particular the NNLL' order accounts for the correct boundary conditions for the
N3LL resummation, for which the only unknown ingredients are higher-order
anomalous dimensions. We use scale variations in a factorization theorem in
both rapidity and virtuality space to estimate the perturbative uncertainties,
accounting for both higher fixed-order corrections as well as higher-order
towers of jet-p_T logarithms. This formalism also predicts the correlations in
the theory uncertainty between the exclusive 0-jet and inclusive 1-jet bins. At
the values of R used experimentally, there are important corrections due to jet
algorithm clustering that include logarithms of R. Although we do not sum
logarithms of R, we do include an explicit contribution in our uncertainty
estimate to account for higher-order jet clustering logarithms. Precision
predictions for this H+0-jet cross section and its theoretical uncertainty are
an integral part of Higgs analyses that employ jet binning.


title: Differential Complexes in Continuum Mechanics

abstract:
  We study some differential complexes in continuum mechanics that involve both
symmetric and non-symmetric second-order tensors. In particular, we show that
the tensorial analogue of the standard grad-curl-div complex can simultaneously
describe the kinematics and the kinetics of motions of a continuum. The
relation between this complex and the de Rham complex allows one to readily
derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for the compatibility of the
displacement gradient and the existence of stress functions on non-contractible
bodies. We also derive the local compatibility equations in terms of the Green
deformation tensor for motions of $2$D and $3$D bodies, and shells in curved
ambient spaces with constant curvatures.


title: New results on word-representable graphs

abstract:
  A graph $G=(V,E)$ is word-representable if there exists a word $w$ over the
alphabet $V$ such that letters $x$ and $y$ alternate in $w$ if and only if
$(x,y)\in E$ for each $x\neq y$. The set of word-representable graphs
generalizes several important and well-studied graph families, such as circle
graphs, comparability graphs, 3-colorable graphs, graphs of vertex degree at
most 3, etc. By answering an open question from [M. Halldorsson, S. Kitaev and
A. Pyatkin, Alternation graphs, Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 6986 (2011) 191--202.
Proceedings of the 37th International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in
Computer Science, WG 2011, Tepla Monastery, Czech Republic, June 21-24, 2011.],
in the present paper we show that not all graphs of vertex degree at most 4 are
word-representable. Combining this result with some previously known facts, we
derive that the number of $n$-vertex word-representable graphs is
$2^{\frac{n^2}{3}+o(n^2)}$.


title:
The Geometry of Niggli Reduction III: SAUC -- Search of Alternate Unit
  Cells

abstract:
  A crystallographic cell is a representation of a lattice, but each lattice
can be represented just as well by any of an infinite number of such unit
cells. Searching for matches to an experimentally determined crystallographic
unit cell in a large collection of previously determined unit cells is a useful
verification step in synchrotron data collection and can be a screen for
"similar" structures, but it is more useful to search for a match to the
lattice represented by the experimentally determined cell. For identification
of substances with small cells, a unit cell match may be sufficient for unique
identification. Due to experimental error and multiple choices of cells and
differing choices of lattice centering representing the same lattice, simple
searches based on raw cell edges and angles can miss similarities among
lattices. A database of lattices using the G6 representation of the
Niggli-reduced cell as the search key provides a more robust and complete
search. Searching is implemented by finding the distance from the probe cell to
related cells using a topological embedding of the Niggli reduction in G6, so
that all cells representing similar lattices will be found. Comparison of
results with those from older cell-based search algorithms suggests significant
value in the new approach.


title:
A massive charged scalar field in the Kerr-Newman background I:
  quasinormal modes, late-time tails and stability

abstract:
  So far analysis of the quasinormal spectrum of a massive charged scalar field
in the black hole background has been limited by the regime of small \mu M and
qQ, where \mu, q (M, Q) are mass and charge of the field (black hole). Here we
shall present a comprehensive picture of quasinormal modes, late-time tails and
stability of a massive charged scalar field around Kerr-Newman black holes for
any physically meaningful values of the parameters. We shall show that despite
presence of the two mechanisms of superradiance (owing to black hole's rotation
and charge) and the massive term creating growing bound states, there is no
indication of instability under quasinormal modes' boundary conditions. We have
shown that for some moderate values of qQ dominant quasinormal modes may have
arbitrarily small real oscillation frequencies Re(\omega). An analytic formula
for the quasinormal modes has been derived in the regime of large qQ. The
larger the field's charge, the sooner asymptotic tails dominate in a signal,
making it difficult to extract quasinormal frequencies from a time-domain
profile. Analytic expressions for intermediate and asymptotically late-time
tails have been found for the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole. For the near
extremal Kerr-Newman black holes we have obtained a more general picture of the
mode branching found recently for massless fields [arXiv:1212.3271] in the Kerr
background.


title: Die weltweit erste Messung einer Lotabweichung in der L\"ange

abstract:
  During the summer of 1837 Christian Ludwig Gerling, a former student of Carl
Friedrich Gauss, organized the world wide first determination of a vertical
deflection in longitude. From a mobile observatory at the Frauenberg close to
Marburg (Hessen) he measured the astronomical longitude difference between the
observatory of C.F. Gauss at G\"ottingen and the observatory of F.G.B. Nicolai
at Mannheim. By comparing these astronomical results with the geodetic
determined longitude differences, which he just had measured as a part of the
triangulation of Kurhessen, he was able to extract a combined value of the
vertical deflection of G\"ottingen and Mannheim. His results are in very good
agreement with modern vertical deflection data.


title: High-quality multi-GeV electron bunches via cyclotron autoresonance

abstract:
  Autoresonance laser acceleration of electrons is theoretically investigated
using circularly polarized focused Gaussian pulses. Many-particle simulations
demonstrate feasibility of creating over 10-GeV electron bunches of ultra-high
quality (relative energy spread of order 10^-4), suitable for fundamental
high-energy particle physics research. The laser peak intensities and axial
magnetic field strengths required are up to about 10^18 W/cm^2 (peak power ~10
PW) and 60 T, respectively. Gains exceeding 100 GeV are shown to be possible
when weakly focused pulses from a 200-PW laser facility are used.


title:
Near field enhancement due to the optical response of small
  nanoparticles

abstract:
  In this work we study the strong confinement effects on the electromagnetic
response of metallic nanoparticles. We calculate the field enhancement factor
for nanospheres of various radii by using optical constants obtained from both
classical and quantum approaches and compare their size-dependent features. To
evaluate the scattered near-field, we solve the electromagnetic wave equation
within a finite element framework. When quantization of electronic states is
considered for the input optical functions, a significant blue-shift in the
resonance of the enhanced field is observed, in contrast to the case in which
functions obtained classically are used. Furthermore, a noticeable
underestimation of the field amplification is found in the calculation based on
a classical dielectric function. Our results are in good agreement with
available experimental reports and provide relevant information on the
cross-over between classical and quantum regime, useful in potentiating
nanoplasmonics applications.


title:
Probing the Spin Pumping Mechanism: Exchange Coupling with Exponential
  Decay in Y3Fe5O12/barrier/Pt Heterostructures

abstract:
  Ferromagnetic resonance driven spin pumping of pure spin currents from a
ferromagnet into a nonmagnetic material promises new spin-functional devices
with low energy consumption. The mechanism of spin pumping is under intense
investigation and it is widely believed that exchange interaction between the
ferromagnet and nonmagnetic material is responsible for this phenomenon. We
observe a thousand-fold exponential decay of the spin pumping from 20-nm thick
Y3Fe5O12 films to platinum across insulating barriers, from which the
exponential decay lengths of 0.16 and 0.23 nm are extracted for oxide barriers
with band gaps of 4.93 eV and 2.36 eV, respectively. This prototypical
signature of quantum tunneling through a barrier underscores the importance of
exchange coupling for spin pumping and reveals its dependence on the
characteristics of the barrier material.


title:
Strictly positive solutions for one-dimensional nonlinear problems
  involving the p-Laplacian

abstract:
  Let $\Omega$ be a bounded open interval, and let $p>1$ and
$q\in\left(0,p-1\right) $. Let $m\in L^{p^{\prime}}\left(\Omega\right) $ and
$0\leq c\in L^{\infty}\left(\Omega\right) $. We study existence of strictly
positive solutions for elliptic problems of the form $-\left(\left\|
u^{\prime}\right\|^{p-2}u^{\prime}\right) ^{\prime}+c\left(x\right)
u^{p-1}=m\left(x\right) u^{q}$ in $\Omega$, $u=0$ on $\partial\Omega$. We
mention that our results are new even in the case $c\equiv0$.


title: Extensions entre series principales p-adiques et modulo p de G(F)

abstract:
  Let $G$ be a split connected reductive group over a finite extension $F$ of
$Q_p$. We determine the extensions between unitary continuous $p$-adic and
smooth mod $p$ principal series of $G(F)$ in the generic case. In order to do
so, we compute Emerton's delta-functor $\mathrm{H^\bullet Ord}_{B(F)}$ of
derived ordinary parts with respect to a Borel subgroup on certain induced
representations of $G(F)$ using a Bruhat filtration. These extensions come into
play in the $p$-adic and mod $p$ Langlands programs.


title:
Two-component model of 2D trigger-associated hadron correlations on
  rapidity space $\bf y_{ta} \times y_{tt}$ derived from 1D $\bf p_t$ spectra
  for p-p collisions at $\bf \sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV

abstract:
  A two-component model (TCM) for single-particle $p_t$ spectra describes 200
GeV p-p data accurately. Based on that TCM a spectrum hard component was
isolated that is related quantitatively to pQCD predictions for jet
fragmentation down to low jet energies ($\approx 3$ GeV). We here address
jet-related structure in 2D trigger-associated (TA) correlations as a
more-detailed method to explore the kinematic limits of low-energy jet
production and low-momentum jet fragment structure in p-p collisions. We derive
a TCM for p-p TA correlations that can be used to isolate 2D jet-related
structure. Inferred minimum-bias (mainly low-energy) jet-related TA
correlations may challenge several major assumptions about jet production in
p-p (and A-A) collisions. These results should be relevant to p-p
underlying-event studies and Monte Carlo predictions of multiple parton
interactions.


title:
Search for W' bosons through decays to boosted-top and boosted-bottom
  jets

abstract:
  We propose a novel model-independent method to search for W' bosons at the
Large Hadron Collider by looking at dijets where one jet is identified as a
boosted-top jet and another jet is tagged as a boosted-bottom jet. Performing a
detector simulated signal and background study, we demonstrate that the reach
in effective coupling g' is improved over existing analysis methods by up to
factor of 2 for W' masses above 1.5 TeV, and the reach in mass is extended by
600 GeV to 2.6 TeV at an 8 TeV Large Hadron Collider. We introduce a method for
distinguishing high-energy b jets from light-quark jets, and describe a
previously unexplored set of backgrounds to top-jets. We propose a series of
data-driven samples that might be used to measure the efficiencies for these
new backgrounds in the LHC data.


title: Symmetry relations revealed in Mueller Matrix hemispherical maps

abstract:
  The hemispherical Mueller matrix map for light reflected from a
plane-parallel planetary atmosphere is shown to obey several symmetry
properties that provide a straightforward method to check their physical
realizability. The mirror scattering relation and the reciprocity relation are
employed to support the symmetry rules for hemispherical Mueller matrix maps.
Additionally, two classes of experiments are identified in which the symmetry
rules can be applied, namely, when the incident beam is at zenith and off-
zenith angles and the scattering particles are spheres and randomly oriented
hexagonal particles.


title: A new scenario for the origin of the 3/2 resonant system HD45364

abstract:
  In this paper we revise the model proposed by Rein et al. (2010) for the
origin of the HD45364 exoplanetary system, currently known to host two planets
close to the 3/2 mean-motion commensurability (MMR). We show that, due to high
surface density of the protoplanetary disk needed for Type III migration, this
model could only lead to planets in a quasi-resonant regime of motion, and thus
not consistent with the resonant configuration obtained by Correia et al.
(2009). Although both resonant and quasi-resonant solutions are statistically
indistinguishable with respect to radial velocity measurements, their distinct
dynamical behaviour is intriguing. We use the semi-analytical model to confirm
the quantitative difference between two configurations. In order to form a
system evolving inside the 3/2 resonance, we develop a different model. Our
scenario includes an interaction between different (but slower) planetary
migration types, planet growth, and gap formation in the protoplanetary disk.
The choice of the described evolutionary path was due to a detailed analysis of
the structure of the phase space in the vicinity of the 3/2 MMR employing
dynamical mapping techniques. The outcomes of our simulations are able to
reproduce very closely the 3/2 resonant dynamics obtained from the best-fit
presented by Correia et al. (2009). In addition, varying the strength of the
eccentricity damping, we can also simulate the quasi-resonant configuration
similar to that in Rein et al. (2010). We furthermore show that our scenario is
robust with respect to the physical parameters involved in the resonance
trapping process. However, the confirmation of our scenario will be possible
only with additional radial velocities measurements.


title:
Instabilities Driven by the Drift and Temperature Anisotropy of Alpha
  Particles in the Solar Wind

abstract:
  We investigate the conditions under which parallel-propagating
Alfv\'en/ion-cyclotron (A/IC) waves and fast-magnetosonic/whistler (FM/W) waves
are driven unstable by the differential flow and temperature anisotropy of
alpha particles in the solar wind. We focus on the limit in which $w_{\parallel
\alpha} \gtrsim 0.25 v_{\mathrm A}$, where $w_{\parallel \alpha} $ is the
parallel alpha-particle thermal speed and $v_{\mathrm A}$ is the Alfv\'en
speed. We derive analytic expressions for the instability thresholds of these
waves, which show, e.g., how the minimum unstable alpha-particle beam speed
depends upon $w_{\parallel \alpha}/v_{\mathrm A}$, the degree of alpha-particle
temperature anisotropy, and the alpha-to-proton temperature ratio. We validate
our analytical results using numerical solutions to the full hot-plasma
dispersion relation. Consistent with previous work, we find that temperature
anisotropy allows A/IC waves and FM/W waves to become unstable at significantly
lower values of the alpha-particle beam speed $U_\alpha$ than in the
isotropic-temperature case. Likewise, differential flow lowers the minimum
temperature anisotropy needed to excite A/IC or FM/W waves relative to the case
in which $U_\alpha =0$. We discuss the relevance of our results to alpha
particles in the solar wind near 1 AU.


title:
Estimation of mass and cosmological constant of nearby spiral galaxies
  using galaxy rotation curve

abstract:
  An expression for rotational velocity of a test particle around the central
mass in the invariant plane is derived. For this, a line element of
Schwarzschild de-Sitter space-time is used to study the effect of cosmological
constant ($\Lambda$) on the motion of both massive and massless particles.
Using rotation curve data of 15 nearby spiral and barred spiral galaxies, we
estimated the mass and $\Lambda$ of the galaxy. The mass of the galaxies are
found to lie in the range 0.13-7.60 $\times$ 10$^{40}$ kg. The cosmological
constant ($\Lambda$) is found to be negative ($-$0.03 to $-$0.10 $\times$
10$^{-40}$ km$^{-2}$), suggesting the importance of anti-de Sitter space in the
local bubble. Possible explanation of the results will be discussed.


title: On Wintgen ideal surfaces

abstract:
  Wintgen proved in [P. Wintgen, Sur l'in\'egalit\'e de Chen-Willmore, C. R.
Acad. Sci. Paris, 288 (1979), 993--995] that the Gauss curvature $K$ and the
normal curvature $K^D$ of a surface in the Euclidean 4-space $E^4$ satisfy
$$K+|K^D|\leq H^2,$$ where $H^2$ is the squared mean curvature. A surface $M$
in $\E4$ is called a {Wintgen ideal} surface if it satisfies the equality case
of the inequality identically. Wintgen ideal surfaces in $E^4$ form an
important family of surfaces; namely, surfaces with circular ellipse of
curvature. In this paper, we provide a brief survey on some old and recent
results on Wintgen ideal surfaces and more generally Wintgen ideal submanifolds
in definite and indefinite real space forms.


title: Characterization of the monotone polar of subdifferentials

abstract:
  We show that a point is solution of the Minty variational inequality of
subdifferential type for a given function if and only if the function is
increasing along rays starting from that point. This provides a
characterization of the monotone polar of subdifferentials of lower
semicontinuous functions, which happens to be a common subset of their graphs
depending only on the function.


title: Loss minimization and parameter estimation with heavy tails

abstract:
  This work studies applications and generalizations of a simple estimation
technique that provides exponential concentration under heavy-tailed
distributions, assuming only bounded low-order moments. We show that the
technique can be used for approximate minimization of smooth and strongly
convex losses, and specifically for least squares linear regression. For
instance, our $d$-dimensional estimator requires just
$\tilde{O}(d\log(1/\delta))$ random samples to obtain a constant factor
approximation to the optimal least squares loss with probability $1-\delta$,
without requiring the covariates or noise to be bounded or subgaussian. We
provide further applications to sparse linear regression and low-rank
covariance matrix estimation with similar allowances on the noise and covariate
distributions. The core technique is a generalization of the median-of-means
estimator to arbitrary metric spaces.


abstract:
  The famous Nash embedding theorem published in 1956 was aiming for the
opportunity to use extrinsic help in the study of (intrinsic) Riemannian
geometry, if Riemannian manifolds could be regarded as Riemannian submanifolds.
However, this hope had not been materialized yet according to \cite{G}. The
main reason for this was the lack of control of the extrinsic properties of the
submanifolds by the known intrinsic invariants. In order to overcome such
difficulties as well as to provide answers to an open question on minimal
immersions, the first author introduced in the early 1990's new types of
Riemannian invariants, his so-called $\delta$-curvatures, different in nature
from the "classical" Ricci and scalar curvatures. The purpose of this article
is to present some old and recent results concerning $\delta$-invariants for
Lagrangian submanifolds of complex space forms.


title: Group performance is maximized by hierarchical competence distribution

abstract:
  Groups of people or even robots often face problems they need to solve
together. Examples include collectively searching for resources, choosing when
and where to invest time and effort, and many more. Although a hierarchical
ordering of the relevance of the group members' inputs during collective
decision making is abundant, a quantitative demonstration of its origin and
advantages using a generic approach has not been described yet. Here we
introduce a family of models based on the most general features of group
decision making to show that the optimal distribution of competences is a
highly skewed function with a structured fat tail. Our results have been
obtained by optimizing the groups' compositions through identifying the best
performing distributions for both the competences and for the members'
flexibilities/pliancies. Potential applications include choosing the best
composition for a group intended to solve a given task.


title: A Study of chiral property of field galaxies

abstract:
  We present an analysis of the chiral property of 1,621 field galaxies having
radial velocity 3,000 km/s to 5,000 km/s . A correlation between the chiral
symmetry breaking and the preferred alignment of galaxies in the leading and
trailing structural modes is studied using chi-square, auto-correlation and the
Fourier tests. We noticed a good agreement between the random alignment of the
position angle (PA) distribution and the existence of chirality in both the
leading and trailing arm galaxies. Chirality is found stronger for the
late-type spirals (Sc, Scd, Sd and Sm) than that of the early-types (Sa, Sab,
Sb and Sbc). A significant dominance (17% $\pm$ 8.5%) of trailing modes is
noticed in the barred spirals. In addition, chirality of field galaxies is
found to remain invariant under the global expansion. The PA-distribution of
the total trailing arm galaxies is found to be random, whereas preferred
alignment is noticed for the total leading arm galaxies. It is found that the
rotation axes of leading arm galaxies tend to be oriented perpendicular the
equatorial plane. A random alignment is noticed in the PA-distribution of
leading and trailing spirals.


title: Flavor landscape of 10D SYM theory with magnetized extra dimensions

abstract:
  We study the flavor landscape of particle physics models based on a
ten-dimensional super Yang-Mills theory compactified on magnetized tori
preserving four-dimensional ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetry. Recently, we
constructed a semi-realistic model which contains the minimal supersymmetric
standard model (MSSM) using an Ansatz of magnetic fluxes and orbifolding
projections. However, we can consider more various configurations of magnetic
fluxes and orbifolding projections preserving four-dimensional ${\cal N}=1$
supersymmetry. We research systematically such possibilities for leading to
MSSM-like models and study their phenomenological aspects.


title: Is There a Crisis in Neutron Star Physics?

abstract:
  We shall show in this report that the theoretical evolution of a particular
class of systems containing a neutron star, the so-called "black widow"
binaries, suggest masses above the $\sim 2 M_{\odot}$, a fact that would bring
serious concerns about the right description of the equation of state above the
saturation density. Moreover, so far the actual determinations of masses for
these systems consistently give values above $2 M_{\odot}$, reinforcing the
quandary. In this sense, and given that the confirmation of these ideas would
create problems for the microphysical description, we argue that a crisis could
be "in the works" in neutron star physics.


title: Reality and Computation in Schubert Calculus

abstract:
  The Mukhin-Tarasov-Varchenko Theorem (previously the Shapiro Conjecture)
asserts that a Schubert problem has all solutions distinct and real if the
Schubert varieties involved osculate a rational normal curve at real points.
This sparked interest in real osculating Schubert calculus, and computations
played a large role in developing the surrounding theory. We uncover
generalizations of the Mukhin-Tarasov-Varchenko Theorem, proving them when
possible. We also improve the state of the art of computationally solving
Schubert problems, allowing us to more effectively study ill-understood
phenomena in Schubert calculus.
  We use supercomputers to methodically solve real osculating instances of
Schubert problems. By studying over 300 million instances of over 700 Schubert
problems, we amass data significant enough to reveal possible generalizations
of the Mukhin-Tarasov-Varchenko Theorem and compelling enough to support our
conjectures. Combining algebraic geometry and combinatorics, we prove some of
these conjectures. To improve the efficiency of solving Schubert problems, we
reformulate an instance of a Schubert problem as the solution set to a square
system of equations in a higher-dimensional space.
  During our investigation, we found the number of real solutions to an
instance of a symmetrically defined Schubert problem is congruent modulo four
to the number of complex solutions. We prove this congruence, giving a new
invariant in enumerative real algebraic geometry. We also discovered a family
of Schubert problems whose number of real solutions to a real osculating
instance has a lower bound depending only on the number of defining flags with
real osculation points.


title: Multiple Vectors Propagation of Epidemics in Complex Networks

abstract:
  This letter investigates the epidemic spreading in two-vectors propagation
network (TPN). We propose detailed theoretical analysis that allows us to
accurately calculate the epidemic threshold and outbreak size. It is found that
the epidemics can spread across the TPN even if two sub-single-vector
propagation networks (SPNs) of TPN are well below their respective epidemic
thresholds. Strong positive degree-degree correlation of nodes in TPN could
lead to a much lower epidemic threshold and a relatively smaller outbreak size.
However, the average similarity between the neighbors from different SPNs of
nodes has no effect on the epidemic threshold and outbreak size.


title:
Experimental study of the structure of chalcogenide glassy
  semiconductors in three-component systems of Ge-As-Se and As-Sb-Se by means
  of NQR and EPR spectroscopy

abstract:
  The structure of chalcogenide glassy semiconductors in three-component
systems of Ge-As-Se and As-Sb-Se has been studied by means of both NQR and EPR
spectroscopy. Investigation of mutual local coordination of atoms has been
performed. The results are presented for various ways of combining structural
units to provide medium and long-range chemical order of chalcogenide glasses.
It appears that for the Ge-As-Se system the structural transition from a
two-dimensional to three-dimensional structure occurs at r = 2.45.


title:
Extended equation for description of nonlinear waves in liquid with gas
  bubbles

abstract:
  Nonlinear waves in a liquid with gas bubbles are studied. Higher order terms
with respect to the small parameter are taken into account in the derivation of
the equation for nonlinear waves. A nonlinear differential equation is derived
for long weakly nonlinear waves taking into consideration liquid viscosity,
inter--phase heat transfer and surface tension. Additional conditions for the
parameters of the equation are determined for integrability of the mathematical
model. The transformation for linearization of the nonlinear equation is
presented too. Some exact solutions of the nonlinear equation are found for
integrable and non--integrable cases. The nonlinear waves described by the
nonlinear equation are numerically investigated.


title:
Determination of Stochastic Acceleration Model Characteristics in Solar
  Flares

abstract:
  Following our recent paper (Petrosian & Chen 2010), we have developed an
inversion method to determine the basic characteristics of the particle
acceleration mechanism directly and non-parametrically from observations under
the leaky box framework. In the above paper, we demonstrated this method for
obtaining the energy dependence of the escape time. Here, by converting the
Fokker-Planck equation to its integral form, we derive the energy dependences
of the energy diffusion coefficient and direct acceleration rate for stochastic
acceleration in terms of the accelerated and escaping particle spectra.
Combining the regularized inversion method of Piana et al. 2007 and our
procedure, we relate the acceleration characteristics in solar flares directly
to the count visibility data from RHESSI. We determine the timescales for
electron escape, pitch angle scattering, energy diffusion, and direct
acceleration at the loop top acceleration region for two intense solar flares
based on the regularized electron flux spectral images. The X3.9 class event
shows dramatically different energy dependences for the acceleration and
scattering timescales, while the M2.1 class event shows a milder difference.
The M2.1 class event could be consistent with the stochastic acceleration model
with a very steep turbulence spectrum. A likely explanation of the X3.9 class
event could be that the escape of electrons from the acceleration region is not
governed by a random walk process, but instead is affected by magnetic
mirroring, in which the scattering time is proportional to the escape time and
has an energy dependence similar to the energy diffusion time.


title: Local symmetry dynamics in one-dimensional aperiodic lattices

abstract:
  A unifying description of lattice potentials generated by aperiodic
one-dimensional sequences is proposed in terms of their local reflection or
parity symmetry properties. We demonstrate that the ranges and axes of local
reflection symmetry possess characteristic distributional and dynamical
properties which can be determined for every aperiodic binary lattice. A
striking aspect of such a property is given by the return maps of sequential
spacings of local symmetry axes, which typically traverse few-point symmetry
orbits. This local symmetry dynamics allows for a classification of inherently
different aperiodic lattices according to fundamental symmetry principles.
Illustrating the local symmetry distributional and dynamical properties for
several representative binary lattices, we further show that the renormalized
axis spacing sequences follow precisely the particular type of underlying
aperiodic order. Our analysis thus reveals that the long-range order of
aperiodic lattices is characterized in a compellingly simple way by its local
symmetry dynamics.


title:
Growth, entropy and commutativity of algebras satisfying prescribed
  relations

abstract:
  In 1964, Golod and Shafarevich found that, provided that the number of
relations of each degree satisfy some bounds, there exist infinitely
dimensional algebras satisfying the relations. These algebras are called
Golod-Shafarevich algebras. This paper provides bounds for the growth function
on images of Golod-Shafarevich algebras based upon the number of defining
relations. This extends results from [32], [33]. Lower bounds of growth for
constructed algebras are also obtained, permitting the construction of algebras
with various growth functions of various entropies. In particular, the paper
answers a question by Drensky [7] by constructing algebras with subexponential
growth satisfying given relations, under mild assumption on the number of
generating relations of each degree. Examples of nil algebras with neither
polynomial nor exponential growth over uncountable fields are also constructed,
answering a question by Zelmanov [40].
  Recently, several open questions concerning the commutativity of algebras
satisfying a prescribed number of defining relations have arisen from the study
of noncommutative singularities. Additionally, this paper solves one such
question, posed by Donovan and Wemyss in [8].