title:
On the nature of the band inversion and the topological phase transition
  in (Pb,Sn)Se

abstract:
  The recent discovery of a topological phase transition in IV-VI narrow-gap
semiconductors has revitalized the decades-old interest in the bulk band
inversion occurring in these materials. Here we systematically study the (001)
surface states of Pb{1-x}Sn{x}Se mixed crystals by means of angle-resolved
photoelectron spectroscopy in the parameter space 0 <= x <= 0.37 and 300 K >= T
>= 9 K. Using the surface-state observations, we monitor directly the
topological phase transition in this solid solution and gain valuable
information on the evolution of the underlying fundamental band gap of the
system. In contrast to common model expectations, the band-gap evolution
appears to be nonlinear as a function of the studied parameters, resulting in
the measuring of a discontinuous band inversion process. This finding signifies
that the anticipated gapless bulk state is in fact not a stable configuration
and that the topological phase transition therefore exhibits features akin to a
first-order transition.


title:
Search for the manifestation of the mesic-nuclei on the dd-->3HeNpi
  excitation function measured with WASA-at-COSY

abstract:
  We search for an evidence of eta-mesic 4He with the WASA-at-COSY detector.
Two dedicated experiments were performed at the Cooler Synchrotron
COSY-Juelich. The experimental method is based on the measurement of the
excitation functions for the two reaction channels: dd-->3Heppi- and
dd-->3Henpi0, where the outgoing N-pi pairs originate from the conversion of
the eta meson on a nucleon inside the He nucleus. In this contribution, the
experimental method is shortly described and preliminary excitation functions
from the 2010 data are presented.


title:
A Quasi-Classical Mapping Approach to Vibrationally Coupled Electron
  Transport in Molecular Junctions

abstract:
  We develop a classical mapping approach suitable to describe vibrationally
coupled charge transport in molecular junctions based on the Cartesian mapping
for many-electron systems [J. Chem. Phys. 137, 154107 (2012)]. To properly
describe vibrational quantum effects in the transport characteristics, we
introduce a simple transformation rewriting the Hamiltonian in terms of
occupation numbers and use a binning function to facilitate quantization. The
approach provides accurate results for the nonequilibrium Holstein model for a
range of bias voltages, vibrational frequencies and temperatures. It also
captures the hallmarks of vibrational quantum effects apparent in step-like
structure in the current-voltage characteristics at low temperatures as well as
the phenomenon of Franck-Condon blockade.


title: Neutrino mass from neutrinophilic Higgs and leptogenesis

abstract:
  In a class of two Higgs doublet model, where one Higgs doublet generates
masses of quarks and charged leptons whereas the other Higgs doublet with a
tiny vacuum expectation value (VEV) generates neutrino Dirac masses, smallness
of neutrino masses might be understand as the consequence of the small second
Higgs VEV. In this framework, thermal leptogenesis scenarios work well at low
energy scale and have several advantages as follows. Under the assumption of
hierarchical right-handed neutrino masses, the lightest right-handed neutrino
can be as light as ${\cal O}(10^2)$ TeV.The required degeneracy for successful
resonant leptogenesis also can be significantly reduced as small as ${\cal
O}(10^4)$. Availability of low scale thermal leptogenesis provides a novel
solution to gravitino problem in supergravity models.


title:
Szeg\"o kernel asymptotics for high power of CR line bundles and Kodaira
  embedding theorems on CR manifolds

abstract:
  Let $X$ be an abstract not necessarily compact orientable CR manifold of
dimension $2n-1$, $n\geqslant2$, and let $L^k$ be the $k$-th tensor power of a
CR complex line bundle $L$ over $X$. Given $q\in\set{0,1,\ldots,n-1}$, let
$\Box^{(q)}_{b,k}$ be the Gaffney extension of Kohn Laplacian for $(0,q)$ forms
with values in $L^k$. For $\lambda\geq0$, let
$\Pi^{(q)}_{k,\leq\lambda}:=E((-\infty,\lambda])$, where $E$ denotes the
spectral measure of $\Box^{(q)}_{b,k}$. In this work, we prove that
$\Pi^{(q)}_{k,\leq k^{-N_0}}F^*_k$, $F_k\Pi^{(q)}_{k,\leq k^{-N_0}}F^*_k$,
$N_0\geq1$, admit asymptotic expansions on the non-degenerate part of the
characteristic manifold of $\Box^{(q)}_{b,k}$, where $F_k$ is some kind of
microlocal cut-off function. Moreover, we show that
$F_k\Pi^{(q)}_{k,\leq0}F^*_k$ admits a full asymptotic expansion if
$\Box^{(q)}_{b,k}$ has small spectral gap property with respect to $F_k$ and
$\Pi^{(q)}_{k,\leq0}$ is $k$-negligible away the diagonal with respect to
$F_k$. By using these asymptotics, we establish almost Kodaira embedding
theorems on CR manifolds and Kodaira embedding theorems on CR manifolds with
transversal CR $S^1$ actions.


title: Particle-Hole Pair Coherence in Mott Insulator Quench Dynamics

abstract:
  We predict the existence of novel collapse and revival oscillations that are
a distinctive signature of the short-range off-diagonal coherence associated
with particle-hole pairs in Mott insulator states. Starting with an atomic Mott
state in a one-dimensional optical lattice, suddenly raising the lattice depth
freezes the particle-hole pairs in place and induces phase oscillations. The
peak of the quasi-momentum distribution, revealed through time of flight
interference, oscillates between a maximum occupation at zero quasi-momentum
(the $\Gamma$ point) and the edge of the Brillouin zone. We show that the
population enhancements at the edge of the Brillouin zone is due to coherent
particle-hole pairs, and we find similar effects for fermions and Bose-Fermi
mixtures in a lattice. Our results open a new avenue for probing strongly
correlated many-body states with short-range phase coherence that goes beyond
the familiar collapse and revivals previously observed in the long-range
coherent superfluid regime.


title: Interacting Ghost Dark Energy Models in the Higher Dimensional Cosmology

abstract:
  We investigate interacting ghost dark energy models in higher dimensional
cosmology. We attempt to model dark matter within a barotropic fluid with
$P_{b}=\omega(t)_{b}\rho$. In this work we consider four different models based
on choosing equation of state parameter and interaction term. We confirm that
our models agree with observational data.


title:
Self Interaction Corrected Density Functional Theory with Unitary
  Invariance: Applications to Molecules

abstract:
  Standard spin-density functionals for the exchange-correlation energy of a
many-electron ground state make serious self-interaction errors which can be
corrected by the Perdew-Zunger self-interaction correction (SIC). We propose a
size-extensive construction of SIC orbitals which, unlike earlier
constructions, makes SIC computationally efficient, and a true spin-density
functional. The SIC orbitals are constructed from a unitary transformation that
is explicitly dependent on the non-interacting one-particle density matrix.
When this SIC is applied to the local spin-density approximation, improvements
are found for the atomization energies of molecules.


title:
On Near-controllability, Nearly-controllable Subspaces, and
  Near-controllability Index of a Class of Discrete-time Bilinear Systems: A
  Root Locus Approach

abstract:
  This paper studies near-controllability of a class of discrete-time bilinear
systems via a root locus approach. A necessary and sufficient criterion for the
systems to be nearly controllable is given. In particular, by using the root
locus approach, the control inputs which achieve the state transition for the
nearly controllable systems can be computed. Furthermore, for the non-nearly
controllable systems, nearly-controllable subspaces are derived and
near-controllability index is defined. Accordingly, the controllability
properties of such class of discrete-time bilinear systems are fully
characterized. Finally, examples are provided to demonstrate the results of the
paper.


title: Search for doubly charmed hadron at B factory

abstract:
  The doubly charmed hadron production at B factories is of special importance
for the study of the hadron structure and the color connections before
hadronization. To suppress the combination background fluctuations of the
reconstructed hadron mass spectra, we suggest a three-jet event shape trigger.
After these three jets are identified by their energy and angular
distributions, it is found that: 1) The background process $e^+ e^- \to c\bar
{c} \to h's$ in consideration of the final hadron system $\Lambda_c^+K^-\pi^+
+X$ are significantly suppressed. 2) For the selected events, about half of the
particles, $\Lambda_c^+$, $K^-$, $\pi^+$, which obviously can not belong to the
decay products of doubly charmed hadron, can be vetoed. The relevant
hadronization is investigated.


title:
Radial distribution of dose within heavy charged particle tracks. Models
  and experimental verification using LiF:Mg,Cu,P TL detectors

abstract:
  A new method of experimental verification of radial dose distribution models
using solid state thermoluminescent (TL) detectors LiF:Mg,Cu,P has been
recently proposed. In this work the method was applied to verify the spatial
distribution of energy deposition within a single 131Xe ion track. Detectors
were irradiated at the Department of Physics of the University of
Jyv\"askyl\"a, Finland. The obtained results have been compared with
theoretical data, calculated according to the Zhang et al., Cucinotta et al.
and Geiss et al. radial dose distribution (RDD) models. At the lowest dose
range the Zhang et al. RDD model exhibited the best agreement as compared to
experimental data. In the intermediate dose range, up to 104 Gy, the best
agreement was found for the RDD model of Cucinotta et al. The probability of
occurrence of doses higher than 104 Gy within a single 131Xe ion track was
found to be lower than predicted by all the studied RDD models. This may be a
result of diffusion of the charge, which is then captured by TL-related
trapping sites, at the distances up to dozens of nanometers from the ionization
site.


title: On Helly's theorem in geodesic spaces

abstract:
  In this short note we show that Helly's Intersection Theorem holds for convex
sets in uniquely geodesic spaces (in particular in CAT(0) spaces) without the
assumption that the convex sets are open or closed.


title:
Lattice simulation of SU(2) gauge theory with chirally symmetric
  fermions

abstract:
  We numerically study the SU(2) gauge theory with two dynamical flavors of the
domain-wall fermions in fundamental representation. The meson spectra and the
residual mass are measured on three lattice volumes and at two values of gauge
coupling so as to investigate the finite volume effect. On generated
configurations, eigenvalues of the overlap fermion operator are determined and
compared to the random matrix theory. To quantify the effect of violation of
the exact chiral symmetry, we measure the correlation between the eigenvectors
of the domain-wall and the overlap operators.


title: Gaussian Mersenne Primes of the form $x^2+dy^2$

abstract:
  In this paper we study Gaussian ring $\Z[i]$ with a focus on representing
Gaussian Mersenne primes $G_p$ in the form $x^2+7y^2$. Interestingly when such
a form exists, one can observe that, $x\equiv \pm 1\pmod{8}$ and $y\equiv
0\pmod{8}$. To prove this property of Gaussian Mersenne primes, we show that
Gaussian Mersenne primes splits completely in the cyclic quartic unramified
extension of $\Q(\sqrt{-14})$ and have a trivial Artin symbol in this
extension. We generalize this result for $d\equiv 7\pmod{24}$. We also attempt
to give an alternate proof using Artin's reciprocity law, which was earlier
given by H. W. Lenstra and P. Stevenhagen to prove a similar property on
ordinary Mersenne Primes.


title:
Phenomenological discriminations of the Yukawa interactions in two-Higgs
  doublet models with $Z_2$ symmetry

abstract:
  There are four types of two-Higgs doublet models under a discrete $Z_2$
symmetry imposed to avoid tree-level flavour-changing neutral current, i.e.
type-I, type-II, type-X and type-Y models. We investigate the possibility to
discriminate the four models in the light of the flavour physics data,
including $B_s-\bar B_s$ mixing, $B_{s,d} \to \mu^+ \mu^-$, $B\to \tau\nu$ and
$\bar B \to X_s \gamma$ decays, the recent LHC Higgs data, the direct search
for charged Higgs at LEP, and the constraints from perturbative unitarity and
vacuum stability. After deriving the combined constraints on the Yukawa
interaction parameters, we have shown that the correlation between the mass
eigenstate rate asymmetry $A_{\Delta\Gamma}$ of $B_{s} \to \mu^+ \mu^-$ and the
ratio $R={\cal B}(B_{s} \to \mu^+ \mu^-)_{exp}/ {\cal B}(B_{s} \to \mu^+
\mu^-)_{SM}$ could be sensitive probe to discriminate the four models with
future precise measurements of the observables in the $B_{s} \to \mu^+ \mu^-$
decay at LHCb.


title:
Efficiency of open quantum walk implementation of dissipative quantum
  computing algorithms

abstract:
  An open quantum walk formalism for dissipative quantum computing is
presented. The approach is illustrated with the examples of the Toffoli gate
and the Quantum Fourier Transform for 3 and 4 qubits. It is shown that the
algorithms based on the open quantum walk formalism are more efficient than the
canonical dissipative quantum computing approach. In particular, the open
quantum walks can be designed to converge faster to the desired steady state
and to increase the probability of detection of the outcome of the computation.


title: The Dynamical Mordell-Lang problem

abstract:
  Let X be a Noetherian space, let f be a continuous self-map on X, let Y be a
closed subset of X, and let x be a point on X. We show that the set S
consisting of all nonnegative integers n such that f^n(x) is in Y is a union of
at most finitely many arithmetic progressions along with a set of Banach
density zero. In particular, we obtain that given any quasi-projective variety
X, any rational self-map map f on X, any subvariety Y of X, and any point x in
X whose orbit under f is in the domain of definition for f, the set S is a
finite union of arithmetic progressions together with a set of Banach density
zero. We prove a similar result for the backward orbit of a point.


title: Decoherence-assisted transport in quantum networks

abstract:
  It is shown that energy transfer in a homogeneous fully connected quantum
network is assisted by a decohering interaction with environmental spins.
Analytic expressions for the transfer probabilities are obtained for the zero
temperature case, and the effect is shown to persist at physiological
temperatures. This model of decoherence-assisted energy transfer is applied to
the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex.


title: Subtle Characteristic Classes

abstract:
  We construct new subtle Stiefel--Whitney classes of quadratic forms. These
classes are much more informative than the ones introduced by Milnor. In
particular, they see all the powers of the fundamental ideal of the Witt ring,
contain the Arason invariant and it's higher analogues. Moreover, the new
classes allow to treat the J-invariant of quadrics. This invariant, introduced
in 2005, has been so far completely isolated from characteristic classes. In
addition, our classes allow to describe explicitly the structure of some
motives associated with quadratic forms.


title: Stability of composite vacuum Heckmann wormholes in Brans-Dicke theory

abstract:
  This paper discusses linearized (spherically symmetric) perturbation of
static Heckmann composite thin shell wormholes in Brans-Dicke gravity. The
equation of state $P= \beta^2 \sigma$ at the throat is linearized around the
static solution where $\sigma$ energy density of the shell and $P$ the presume.
We have shown that this thin shell wormholes is stable within the range
$0\leq\beta<1$ and with all values of $\omega$ except $\omega=-2$.


title:
New Mechanism for Strongly Bound Excitons in Gapless Two-Dimensional
  Structures

abstract:
  Common wisdom asserts that bound excitons cannot form in high-dimensional
(d>1) metallic structures because of their overwhelming screening and
unavoidable resonance with nearby continuous bands. Strikingly, here we
illustrate that this prevalent assumption is not quite true. A key ingredient
that has been overlooked is that of viable decoherence that thwarts the
formation of resonances. As an example of this general mechanism, we focus on
an experimentally relevant material and predict bound excitons in twisted
bilayer graphene, which is a two-dimensional gapless structure exhibiting
metallic screening. The binding energies calculated by first-principles
simulations are surprisingly large. The low-energy effective model reveals that
these bound states are produced by a unique destructive coherence between two
alike subband resonant excitons. In particular, this destructive coherent
effect is not sensitive to the screening and dimensionality, and hence may
persist as a general mechanism for creating bound excitons in various metallic
structures, opening the door for excitonic applications based on metallic
structures.


title:
A new concept of local metric entropy for finite-time nonautonomous
  dynamical systems

abstract:
  We introduce a new concept of finite-time entropy which is a local version of
the classical concept of metric entropy. Based on that, a finite-time version
of Pesin's entropy formula and also an explicit formula of finite-time entropy
for $2$-D systems are derived. We also discuss about how to apply the
finite-time entropy field to detect special dynamical structures such as
Lagrangian coherent structures.


title:
Dispersion in the large-deviation regime. Part I: shear flows and
  periodic flows

abstract:
  The dispersion of a passive scalar in a fluid through the combined action of
advection and molecular diffusion is often described as a diffusive process,
with an effective diffusivity that is enhanced compared to the molecular value.
However, this description fails to capture the tails of the scalar
concentration distribution in initial-value problems. To remedy this, we
develop a large-deviation theory of scalar dispersion that provides an
approximation to the scalar concentration valid at much larger distances away
from the centre of mass, specifically distances that are $O(t)$ rather than
$O(t^{1/2})$, where $t \gg 1$ is the time from the scalar release. The theory
centres on the calculation of a rate function obtained by solving a
one-parameter family of eigenvalue problems which we derive using two
alternative approaches, one asymptotic, the other probabilistic. We emphasise
the connection between large deviations and homogenisation: a perturbative
solution of the eigenvalue problems reduces at leading order to the cell
problem of homogenisation theory. We consider two classes of flows in some
detail: shear flows and cellular flows. In both cases, large deviation
generalises classical results on effective diffusivity and captures new
phenomena relevant to the tails of the scalar distribution. These include
approximately finite dispersion speeds arising at large P\'eclet number
$\mathrm{Pe}$ (corresponding to small molecular diffusivity) and, for
two-dimensional cellular flows, anisotropic dispersion. Explicit asymptotic
results are obtained for shear flows in the limit of large $\mathrm{Pe}$. (A
companion paper, Part II, is devoted to the large-$\mathrm{Pe}$ asymptotic
treatment of cellular flows.) The predictions of large-deviation theory are
compared with Monte Carlo simulations that estimate the tails of concentration
accurately using importance sampling.


title:
Dispersion in the large-deviation regime. Part II: cellular flow at
  large P\'eclet number

abstract:
  A standard model for the study of scalar dispersion through advection and
molecular diffusion is a two-dimensional periodic flow with closed streamlines
inside periodic cells. Over long time scales, the dispersion of a scalar in
this flow can be characterised by an effective diffusivity that is a factor
$\mathrm{Pe}^{1/2}$ larger than molecular diffusivity when the P\'eclet number
$\mathrm{Pe}$ is large. Here we provide a more complete description of
dispersion in this regime by applying the large-deviation theory developed in
Part I of this paper. We derive approximations to the rate function governing
the scalar concentration at large time $t$ by carrying out an asymptotic
analysis of the relevant family of eigenvalue problems. We identify two
asymptotic regimes and make predictions for the rate function and spatial
structure of the scalar. Regime I applies to distances from the release point
that satisfy $|\boldsymbol{x}| = O(\mathrm{Pe}^{1/4} t)$ . The concentration in
this regime is isotropic at large scales, is uniform along streamlines within
each cell, and varies rapidly in boundary layers surrounding the separatrices
between adjacent cells. The results of homogenisation theory are recovered from
our analysis. Regime II applies when $|\boldsymbol{x}|=O(\mathrm{Pe} \, t/\log
\mathrm{Pe})$ and is characterised by an anisotropic concentration distribution
that is localised around the separatrices. A novel feature of this regime is
the crucial role played by the dynamics near the hyperbolic stagnation points.
A consequence is that in part of the regime the dispersion can be interpreted
as resulting from a random walk on the lattice of stagnation points. The two
regimes overlap so that our asymptotic results describe the scalar
concentration over a large range of distances. They are verified against
numerical solutions of the family of eigenvalue problems yielding the rate
function.


title: Ranks of Quotients, Remainders and $p$-Adic Digits of Matrices

abstract:
  For a prime $p$ and a matrix $A \in \mathbb{Z}^{n \times n}$, write $A$ as $A
= p (A \,\mathrm{quo}\, p) + (A \,\mathrm{rem}\, p)$ where the remainder and
quotient operations are applied element-wise. Write the $p$-adic expansion of
$A$ as $A = A^{[0]} + p A^{[1]} + p^2 A^{[2]} + \cdots$ where each $A^{[i]} \in
\mathbb{Z}^{n \times n}$ has entries between $[0, p-1]$. Upper bounds are
proven for the $\mathbb{Z}$-ranks of $A \,\mathrm{rem}\, p$, and $A
\,\mathrm{quo}\, p$. Also, upper bounds are proven for the
$\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$-rank of $A^{[i]}$ for all $i \ge 0$ when $p = 2$, and
a conjecture is presented for odd primes.


title: Hilfer-Prabhakar Derivatives and Some Applications

abstract:
  We present a generalization of Hilfer derivatives in which Riemann--Liouville
integrals are replaced by more general Prabhakar integrals. We analyze and
discuss its properties. Further, we show some applications of these generalized
Hilfer-Prabhakar derivatives in classical equations of mathematical physics,
like the heat and the free electron laser equations, and in
difference-differential equations governing the dynamics of generalized renewal
stochastic processes.


title:
Nonlinear Acoustics FDTD method including Frequency Power Law
  Attenuation for Soft Tissue Modeling

abstract:
  This paper describes a model for nonlinear acoustic wave propagation through
absorbing and weakly dispersive media, and its numerical solution by means of
finite differences in time domain method (FDTD). The attenuation is based on
multiple relaxation processes, and provides frequency dependent absorption and
dispersion without using computational expensive convolutional operators. In
this way, by using an optimization algorithm the coefficients for the
relaxation processes can be obtained in order to fit a frequency power law that
agrees the experimentally measured attenuation data for heterogeneous media
over the typical frequency range for ultrasound medical applications. Our
results show that two relaxation processes are enough to fit attenuation data
for most soft tissues in this frequency range including the fundamental and the
first ten harmonics. Furthermore, this model can fit experimental attenuation
data that do not follow exactly a frequency power law over the frequency range
of interest. The main advantage of the proposed method is that only one
auxiliary field per relaxation process is needed, which implies less
computational resources compared with time-domain fractional derivatives
solvers based on convolutional operators.


title: Resilient Flow Decomposition of Unicast Connections with Network Coding

abstract:
  In this paper we close the gap between end-to-end diversity coding and
intra-session network coding for unicast connections resilient against single
link failures. In particular, we show that coding operations are sufficient to
perform at the source and receiver if the user data can be split into at most
two parts over the filed GF(2). Our proof is purely combinatorial and based on
standard graph and network flow techniques. It is a linear time construction
that defines the route of subflows A, B and A+B between the source and
destination nodes. The proposed resilient flow decomposition method generalizes
the 1+1 protection and the end-to-end diversity coding approaches while keeping
both of their benefits. It provides a simple yet resource efficient protection
method feasible in 2-connected backbone topologies. Since the core switches do
not need to be modified, this result can bring benefits to current transport
networks.


title:
Assessing carbon-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries: A universal
  description of charge-transfer binding

abstract:
  Many key performance characteristics of carbon-based lithium-ion battery
anodes are largely determined by the strength of binding between lithium (Li)
and sp2 carbon (C), which can vary significantly with subtle changes in
substrate structure, chemistry, and morphology. Here, we use density functional
theory calculations to investigate the interactions of Li with a wide variety
of sp2 C substrates, including pristine, defective, and strained graphene;
planar C clusters; nanotubes; C edges; and multilayer stacks. In almost all
cases, we find a universal linear relation between the Li-C binding energy and
the work required to fill previously unoccupied electronic states within the
substrate. This suggests that Li capacity is predominantly determined by two
key factors -- namely, intrinsic quantum capacitance limitations and the
absolute placement of the Fermi level. This simple descriptor allows for
straightforward prediction of the Li-C binding energy and related battery
characteristics in candidate C materials based solely on the substrate
electronic structure. It further suggests specific guidelines for designing
more effective C-based anodes. The method should be broadly applicable to
charge-transfer adsorption on planar substrates, and provides a
phenomenological connection to established principles in supercapacitor and
catalyst design.


title:
First results from the CALYPSO IRAM-PdBI survey - III. Monopolar jets
  driven by a proto-binary system in NGC1333-IRAS2A

abstract:
  Context: The earliest evolutionary stages of low-mass protostars are
characterised by hot and fast jets which remove angular momentum from the
circumstellar disk, thus allowing mass accretion onto the central object.
However, the launch mechanism is still being debated. Aims: We would like to
exploit high-angular (~ 0.8") resolution and high-sensitivity images to
investigate the origin of protostellar jets using typical molecular tracers of
shocked regions, such as SiO and SO. Methods: We mapped the inner 22" of the
NGC1333-IRAS2A protostar in SiO(5-4), SO(65-54), and the continuum emission at
1.4 mm using the IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer in the framework of the
CALYPSO IRAM large program. Results: For the first time, we disentangle the
NGC1333-IRAS2A Class 0 object into a proto-binary system revealing two
protostars (MM1, MM2) separated by ~ 560 AU, each of them driving their own
jet, while past work considered a single protostar with a quadrupolar outflow.
We reveal (i) a clumpy, fast (up to |V-VLSR| > 50 km/s), and blueshifted jet
emerging from the brightest MM1 source, and (ii) a slower redshifted jet,
driven by MM2. Silicon monoxide emission is a powerful tracer of
high-excitation (Tkin > 100 K; n(H2) > 10^5 cm-3) jets close to the launching
region. At the highest velocities, SO appears to mimic SiO tracing the jets,
whereas at velocities close to the systemic one, SO is dominated by extended
emission, tracing the cavity opened by the jet. Conclusions: Both jets are
intrinsically monopolar, and intermittent in time. The dynamical time of the
SiO clumps is < 30-90 yr, indicating that one-sided ejections from protostars
can take place on these timescales.


title: Multidimensional optical trapping of a mirror

abstract:
  Alignment control in gravitational-wave detectors has consistently proven to
be a difficult problem due to the stringent noise contamination requirement for
the gravitational wave readout and the radiation-pressure-induced angular
instability in Fabry-Perot cavities (Sidles-Sigg instability). We present the
analysis of a dual-carrier control scheme that uses radiation pressure to
control a suspended mirror, trapping it in the longitudinal degree of freedom
and one angular degree of freedom. We show that this scheme can control the
Sidles-Sigg angular instability. Its limiting fundamental noise source is the
quantum radiation pressure noise, providing an advantage compared to the
conventional angular control schemes. In the Appendix we also derive an exact
expression for the optical spring constant used in the control scheme.


title: A model for fast extragalactic radio bursts

abstract:
  Bursts of millisecond duration were recently discovered in the 1 GHz band.
There is a strong evidence that they come from $\sim 1 $ Gpc distances, which
implies extraordinary high brightness temperature. I propose that these bursts
could be attributed to synchrotron maser emission from relativistic, magnetized
shocks. At the onset of the magnetar flare, a strongly magnetized pulse is
formed, which propagates away through the relativistic magnetar wind and
eventually reaches the nebula inflated by the wind within the surrounding
medium. I show that the observed radio bursts could be generated at shocks
formed via the interaction of the magnetic pulse with the plasma within the
nebula. The model predicts strong millisecond bursts in the TeV band, which
could be observed even from distant galaxies.


title: Coinduction up to in a fibrational setting

abstract:
  Bisimulation up-to enhances the coinductive proof method for bisimilarity,
providing efficient proof techniques for checking properties of different kinds
of systems. We prove the soundness of such techniques in a fibrational setting,
building on the seminal work of Hermida and Jacobs. This allows us to
systematically obtain up-to techniques not only for bisimilarity but for a
large class of coinductive predicates modelled as coalgebras. By tuning the
parameters of our framework, we obtain novel techniques for unary predicates
and nominal automata, a variant of the GSOS rule format for similarity, and a
new categorical treatment of weak bisimilarity.


title: On degenerations of plane Cremona transformations

abstract:
  This article studies the possible degenerations of plane Cremona
transformations of some degree into maps of smaller degree.


title: Bounded Gaps Between Primes in Chebotarev Sets

abstract:
  A new and exciting breakthrough due to Maynard establishes that there exist
infinitely many pairs of distinct primes $p_1,p_2$ with $|p_1-p_2|\leq 600$ as
a consequence of the Bombieri-Vinogradov Theorem. In this paper, we apply his
general method to the setting of Chebotarev sets of primes. We study
applications of these bounded gaps with an emphasis on ranks of prime quadratic
twists of elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$, congruence properties of the
Fourier coefficients of normalized Hecke eigenforms, and representations of
primes by binary quadratic forms.


title: Relations between derived Hochschild functors via twisting

abstract:
  Let $k$ be a regular ring, and let $A,B$ be essentially finite type
$k$-algebras. For any functor $F:{D}(A)\times\dots\times{D}(A)\to{D}(B)$
between their derived categories, we define its twist
$F^{!}:{D}(A)\times\dots\times{D}(A)\to{D}(B)$ with respect to dualizing
complexes, generalizing Grothendieck's construction of $f^{!}$. We show that
relations between functors are preserved between their twists, and deduce that
various relations hold between derived Hochschild (co)-homology and the $f^{!}$
functor. We also deduce that the set of isomorphism classes of dualizing
complexes over a ring (or a scheme) form a group with respect to derived
Hochschild cohomology, and that the twisted inverse image functor is a group
homomorphism.


title:
Quality of Geographic Information: Ontological approach and Artificial
  Intelligence Tools

abstract:
  The objective is to present one important aspect of the European IST-FET
project "REV!GIS"1: the methodology which has been developed for the
translation (interpretation) of the quality of the data into a "fitness for
use" information, that we can confront to the user needs in its application.
This methodology is based upon the notion of "ontologies" as a conceptual
framework able to capture the explicit and implicit knowledge involved in the
application. We do not address the general problem of formalizing such
ontologies, instead, we rather try to illustrate this with three applications
which are particular cases of the more general "data fusion" problem. In each
application, we show how to deploy our methodology, by comparing several
possible solutions, and we try to enlighten where are the quality issues, and
what kind of solution to privilege, even at the expense of a highly complex
computational approach. The expectation of the REV!GIS project is that
computationally tractable solutions will be available among the next generation
AI tools.


title:
Parametrizing Impulsive X-ray Heating with a Cumulative
  Initial-Temperature Distribution

abstract:
  In collisional ionization equilibrium (CIE), the X-ray spectrum from a plasma
depends on the distribution of emission measure over temperature (DEM). Due to
the well-known ill conditioning problem, no precisely resolved DEM can be
inverted directly from the spectrum, so often only a gross parametrization of
the DEM is used to approximate the data, in hopes that the parametrization can
provide useful model-independent constraints on the heating process. However,
ill conditioning also introduces ambiguity into the various different
parametrizations that could approximate the data, which may spoil the perceived
advantages of model independence. Thus, this paper instead suggests a single
parametrization for both the heating mechanism and the X-ray sources, based on
a model of impulsive heating followed by complete cooling. This approach is
similar to a ``cooling flow'' approach, but allows injection at multiple
initial temperatures, and applies even when the steady state is distribution of
different shock strengths, as for a standing shock with a range of obliquities,
or for embedded stochastic shocks that are only steady in a statistical sense.
This produces an alternative parametrization for X-ray spectra that is
especially streamlined for higher density plasmas with efficient radiative
cooling, and provides internal consistency checks on the assumption of
impulsive heating followed by complete cooling. The result is no longer model
independent, but the results are more directly interpretable in terms of useful
physical constraints on the impulsive heating distribution.


title: On giant components and treewidth in the layers model

abstract:
  Given an undirected $n$-vertex graph $G(V,E)$ and an integer $k$, let
$T_k(G)$ denote the random vertex induced subgraph of $G$ generated by ordering
$V$ according to a random permutation $\pi$ and including in $T_k(G)$ those
vertices with at most $k-1$ of their neighbors preceding them in this order.
The distribution of subgraphs sampled in this manner is called the \emph{layers
model with parameter} $k$. The layers model has found applications in studying
$\ell$-degenerate subgraphs, the design of algorithms for the maximum
independent set problem, and in bootstrap percolation.
  In the current work we expand the study of structural properties of the
layers model.
  We prove that there are $3$-regular graphs $G$ for which with high
probability $T_3(G)$ has a connected component of size $\Omega(n)$. Moreover,
this connected component has treewidth $\Omega(n)$. This lower bound on the
treewidth extends to many other random graph models. In contrast, $T_2(G)$ is
known to be a forest (hence of treewidth~1), and we establish that if $G$ is of
bounded degree then with high probability the largest connected component in
$T_2(G)$ is of size $O(\log n)$. We also consider the infinite two-dimensional
grid, for which we prove that the first four layers contain a unique infinite
connected component with probability $1$.


title: On logics extended with embedding-closed quantifiers

abstract:
  We study first-order as well as infinitary logics extended with quantifiers
closed upwards under embeddings. In particular, we show that if a chain of
quasi-homogeneous structures is sufficiently long then a given formula of such
a logic is eventually equivalent to a quantifier-free formula in that chain. We
use this fact to produce a number of undefinability results for logics with
embedding-closed quantifiers. In the final section we introduce an
Ehrenfeucht-Fra\"iss\'e game that characterizes the $L$-equivalence between
structures, where $L$ is the infinitary logic $L_{\infty \omega}$ extended with
all embedding-closed quantifiers. In conclusion, we provide an application of
this game illustrating its use.


title:
Resource Allocation Under Channel Uncertainties for Relay-Aided
  Device-to-Device Communication Underlaying LTE-A Cellular Networks

abstract:
  Device-to-device (D2D) communication in cellular networks allows direct
transmission between two cellular devices with local communication needs. Due
to the increasing number of autonomous heterogeneous devices in future mobile
networks, an efficient resource allocation scheme is required to maximize
network throughput and achieve higher spectral efficiency. In this paper,
performance of network-integrated D2D communication under channel uncertainties
is investigated where D2D traffic is carried through relay nodes. Considering a
multi-user and multi-relay network, we propose a robust distributed solution
for resource allocation with a view to maximizing network sum-rate when the
interference from other relay nodes and the link gains are uncertain. An
optimization problem is formulated for allocating radio resources at the relays
to maximize end-to-end rate as well as satisfy the quality-of-service (QoS)
requirements for cellular and D2D user equipments under total power constraint.
Each of the uncertain parameters is modeled by a bounded distance between its
estimated and bounded values. We show that the robust problem is convex and a
gradient-aided dual decomposition algorithm is applied to allocate radio
resources in a distributed manner. Finally, to reduce the cost of robustness
defined as the reduction of achievable sum-rate, we utilize the \textit{chance
constraint approach} to achieve a trade-off between robustness and optimality.
The numerical results show that there is a distance threshold beyond which
relay-aided D2D communication significantly improves network performance when
compared to direct communication between D2D peers.


title: Some finiteness results in the category U

abstract:
  This note investigate some finiteness properties of the category U of
unstable modules. One shows finiteness properties for the injective resolution
of finitely generated unstable modules. One also shows a stabilization result
under Frobenius twist for Ext-groups.


title: Higher-dimensional study of extensions via torsors

abstract:
  Let S be a site. First we define the 3-category of torsors under a Picard
S-2-stack and we compute its homotopy groups. Using calculus of fractions we
define also a pure algebraic analogue of the 3-category of torsors under a
Picard S-2-stack. Then we describe extensions of Picard S-2-stacks as torsors
endowed with a group law on the fibers. As a consequence of such a description,
we show that any Picard S-2-stack admits a canonical free partial left
resolution that we compute explicitly. Moreover we get an explicit right
resolution of the 3-category of extensions of Picard S-2-stacks in terms of
3-categories of torsors. Using the homological interpretation of Picard
S-2-stacks, we rewrite this three categorical dimensions higher right
resolution in the derived category of abelian sheaves on S.


title: Perturbed Message Passing for Constraint Satisfaction Problems

abstract:
  We introduce an efficient message passing scheme for solving Constraint
Satisfaction Problems (CSPs), which uses stochastic perturbation of Belief
Propagation (BP) and Survey Propagation (SP) messages to bypass decimation and
directly produce a single satisfying assignment. Our first CSP solver, called
Perturbed Blief Propagation, smoothly interpolates two well-known inference
procedures; it starts as BP and ends as a Gibbs sampler, which produces a
single sample from the set of solutions. Moreover we apply a similar
perturbation scheme to SP to produce another CSP solver, Perturbed Survey
Propagation. Experimental results on random and real-world CSPs show that
Perturbed BP is often more successful and at the same time tens to hundreds of
times more efficient than standard BP guided decimation. Perturbed BP also
compares favorably with state-of-the-art SP-guided decimation, which has a
computational complexity that generally scales exponentially worse than our
method (wrt the cardinality of variable domains and constraints). Furthermore,
our experiments with random satisfiability and coloring problems demonstrate
that Perturbed SP can outperform SP-guided decimation, making it the best
incomplete random CSP-solver in difficult regimes.


title:
Theory of small amplitude bimodal atomic force microscopy in ambient
  conditions

abstract:
  Small oscillation amplitudes in dynamic atomic force microscopy can lead to
invasive and high resolution imaging. Here we discuss small oscillation
amplitude imaging in the context of ambient conditions and simultaneously
excite the second flexural mode to access contrast channels sensitive to
variations in sample's properties. Two physically distinct regimes of operation
are discussed, one where the tip oscillates above the hydration layer and
another where the tip oscillates in perpetual contact with it. It is shown that
the user can control the region to be probed via standard operational
parameters. The fundamental theory controlling the sensitivity of the second
mode phase shift to compositional variations is then developed. The second mode
phase shift is controlled by an interplay between conservative tip-sample
interactions, energy transfer between modes and irreversible loss of energy in
the tip sample junction.


title:
An explicit formula for the nonstationary diffracted wave scattered on a
  NN-wedge

abstract:
  We consider two dimensional nonstationary scattering of plane waves by a
NN-wedge. We prove the existence and uniqueness of a solution to the
corresponding mixed problem and we give an explicit formula for the solution.
Also the Limiting Amplitude Principle is proved and a rate of convergence to
the limiting amplitude is obtained.


title: Rigidity of continuous quotients

abstract:
  We study countable saturation of the metric reduced products and introduce
continuous fields of metric models indexed by locally compact, separable,
completely metrizable spaces. Saturation of the reduced product depends both on
the underlying index space and the model. By using the Gelfand--Naimark duality
we conclude that the assertion that the \vCech--Stone remainder of the
half-line has only trivial automorphisms is independent from ZFC. The
consistency of this statement follows from Proper Forcing Axiom and this is the
first known example of a connected space with this property.


title:
Spatial DCT-Based Channel Estimation in Multi-Antenna Multi-Cell
  Interference Channels

abstract:
  This work addresses channel estimation in multiple antenna multicell
interference-limited networks. Channel state information (CSI) acquisition is
vital for interference mitigation. Wireless networks often suffer from
multicell interference, which can be mitigated by deploying beamforming to
spatially direct the transmissions. The accuracy of the estimated CSI plays an
important role in designing accurate beamformers that can control the amount of
interference created from simultaneous spatial transmissions to mobile users.
Therefore, a new technique based on the structure of the spatial covariance
matrix and the discrete cosine transform (DCT) is proposed to enhance channel
estimation in the presence of interference. Bayesian estimation and Least
Squares estimation frameworks are introduced by utilizing the DCT to separate
the overlapping spatial paths that create the interference. The spatial domain
is thus exploited to mitigate the contamination which is able to discriminate
across interfering users. Gains over conventional channel estimation techniques
are presented in our simulations which are also valid for a small number of
antennas.


title:
Tensor interaction in mean-field and density functional theory
  approaches to nuclear structure

abstract:
  The importance of the tensor force for nuclear structure has been recognized
long ago. Recently, the interest for this topic has been revived by the study
of the evolution of nuclear properties far from the stability line. However, in
the context of the effective theories that describe medium-heavy nuclei, the
role of the tensor force is still debated. This review focuses on ground-state
properties like masses and deformation, on single-particle states, and on
excited vibrational and rotational modes. The goal is to assess which
properties, if any, can bring clear signatures of the tensor force within the
mean-field or density functional theory framework. It will be concluded that,
while evidences for a clear neutron-proton tensor force exist despite
quantitative uncertainties, the role of the tensor force among equal particles
is less well established.


title: Linear systems on the blow-up of (P^1)^n

abstract:
  In this note we study linear systems on the blow-up of $(\mathbb{P}^1)^n$ at
$r$ points in very general position. We prove that the fibers of the
projections $(\mathbb{P}^1)^n \rightarrow (\mathbb{P}^1)^s, 1\leq s \leq n-1$
can give contribution to the speciality of the linear system. This allows us to
give a new definition of expected dimension of a linear system in
$(\mathbb{P}^1)^n$ which we call fiber dimension. Finally, we state a
conjecture about linear systems on $(\mathbb{P}^1)^3$.


title:
Experimental study of electric breakdowns in liquid argon at centimeter
  scale

abstract:
  In this paper we present results on measurements of the dielectric strength
of liquid argon near its boiling point and cathode-anode distances in the range
of 0.1 mm to 40 mm with spherical cathode and plane anode. We show that at such
distances the applied electric field at which breakdowns occur is as low as 40
kV/cm. Flash-overs across the ribbed dielectric of the high voltage
feed-through are observed for a length of 300 mm starting from a voltage of 55
kV. These results contribute to set reference for the breakdown-free design of
ionization detectors, such as Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LAr TPC).


title:
Multivariate sparse interpolation using randomized Kronecker
  substitutions

abstract:
  We present new techniques for reducing a multivariate sparse polynomial to a
univariate polynomial. The reduction works similarly to the classical and
widely-used Kronecker substitution, except that we choose the degrees randomly
based on the number of nonzero terms in the multivariate polynomial, that is,
its sparsity. The resulting univariate polynomial often has a significantly
lower degree than the Kronecker substitution polynomial, at the expense of a
small number of term collisions. As an application, we give a new algorithm for
multivariate interpolation which uses these new techniques along with any
existing univariate interpolation algorithm.


title:
Hybrid subconvexity bounds for $L \left(\tfrac{1}{2}, \text{Sym}^2 f
  \otimes g\right)$

abstract:
  Fix an integer $\kappa\geqslant 2$. Let $P$ be prime and let $k> \kappa$ be
an even integer. For $f$ a holomorphic cusp form of weight $k$ and full level
and $g$ a primitive holomorphic cusp form of weight $2 \kappa$ and level $P$,
we prove hybrid subconvexity bounds for $L \left(\tfrac{1}{2}, \text{Sym}^2 f
\otimes g\right)$ in the $k$ and $P$ aspects when $P^{\frac {13} {64} + \delta}
< k < P^{\frac 3 8 - \delta}$ for any $0 < \delta < \frac {11} {128}$. These
bounds are achieved through a first moment method (with amplification when
$P^{\frac {13} {64}} < k \leqslant P^{\frac 4 {13}}$).


title: Protective measurements of the wave function of a single system

abstract:
  My view on the meaning of the quantum wave function and its connection to
protective measurements is described. The wave function and only the wave
function is the ontology of the quantum theory. Protective measurements support
this view although they do not provide a decisive proof. A brief review of the
discovery and the criticism of protective measurements is presented. Protective
measurements with postselection are discussed.


title: Weakly Submodular Functions

abstract:
  Submodular functions are well-studied in combinatorial optimization, game
theory and economics. The natural diminishing returns property makes them
suitable for many applications. We study an extension of monotone submodular
functions, which we call {\em weakly submodular functions}. Our extension
includes some (mildly) supermodular functions. We show that several natural
functions belong to this class and relate our class to some other recent
submodular function extensions.
  We consider the optimization problem of maximizing a weakly submodular
function subject to uniform and general matroid constraints. For a uniform
matroid constraint, the "standard greedy algorithm" achieves a constant
approximation ratio where the constant (experimentally) converges to 5.95 as
the cardinality constraint increases. For a general matroid constraint, a
simple local search algorithm achieves a constant approximation ratio where the
constant (analytically) converges to 10.22 as the rank of the matroid
increases.


title:
Associated Production of Higgs at Linear Collider in the Inert Higgs
  Doublet Model

abstract:
  We study the correlation between the Standard Model Higgs decay $h\to \gamma
\gamma$ and $h\to Z \gamma$ in the Inert Higgs Doublet Model. It is found that
these two one-loop-induced decays are positively correlated, with the later
channel having slightly smaller branching ratio than the former one. At the
Linear Collider, we study the interplay of the off-shell extension of these two
amplitudes that contributed significantly to the associated production of the
Higgs boson with a photon in the process $e^+ e^- \to \gamma h$ and with an
electron in the process $e^-\gamma \to e^- h$ in the $s$ and $t$ channels
respectively via both $\gamma$ and $Z$ exchange for each process.


title:
Double Shuffle Relations of Double Zeta Values and Double Eisenstein
  Series of Level N

abstract:
  In their seminal paper "Double zeta values and modular forms" Gangl, Kaneko
and Zagier defined a double Eisenstein series and used it to study the
relations between double zeta values. One of their key ideas is to study the
formal double space and apply the double shuffle relations. They also proved
the double shuffle relations for the double Eisenstein series. More recently,
Kaneko and Tasaka extended the double Eisenstein series to level 2, proved its
double shuffle relations and studied the double zeta values of level 2.
Motivated by the above works, we define in this paper the corresponding objects
at higher levels and prove that the double Eisenstein series of level N
satisfies the double shuffle relations for every positive integer N. In order
to obtain our main theorem we prove a key result on the multiple divisor
functions of level N and then use it to solve a complicated under-determined
system of linear equations by some standard techniques from linear algebra.


title:
Efficient sorting of quantum-optical wave packets by temporal-mode
  interferometry

abstract:
  Long-distance quantum communication relies on storing and retrieving photonic
qubits in orthogonal field modes. The available degrees of freedom for photons
are polarization, spatial-mode profile, and temporal/spectral profile. To date,
methods exist for decomposing, manipulating, and analyzing photons into
orthogonal polarization modes and spatial modes. Here we propose and
theoretically verify the first highly efficient method to carry out analogous
operations for temporally and spectrally overlapping, but field-orthogonal,
temporal modes. The method relies on cascaded nonlinear-optical quantum
frequency conversion.


title: TeV Scale Universal Seesaw, Vacuum Stability and Heavy Higgs

abstract:
  We discuss the issue of vacuum stability of standard model by embedding it
within the TeV scale left-right universal seesaw model (called SLRM in the
text). This model has only two coupling parameters $(\lambda_1, \lambda_2)$ in
the Higgs potential and only two physical neutral Higgs bosons $(h, H)$. We
explore the range of values for $(\lambda_1, \lambda_2)$ for which the light
Higgs boson mass $M_h=126$ GeV and the vacuum is stable for all values of the
Higgs fields. Combining with the further requirement that the scalar self
couplings remain perturbative till typical GUT scales of order $10^{16}$ GeV,
we find (i) an upper and lower limit on the second Higgs $(H)$ mass to be
within the range: $0.4 \leq \frac{M_H}{v_R}\leq 0.7$, where the $v_R$ is the
parity breaking scale and (ii) that the heavy vector-like top, bottom and
$\tau$ partner fermions ($P_3, N_3, E_3$) mass have an upper bound $M_{P_3,
N_3, E_3} \leq v_R$. We discuss some phenomenological aspects of the model
pertaining to LHC.


title:
How to Run a Campaign: Optimal Control of SIS and SIR Information
  Epidemics

abstract:
  Information spreading in a population can be modeled as an epidemic.
Campaigners (e.g. election campaign managers, companies marketing products or
movies) are interested in spreading a message by a given deadline, using
limited resources. In this paper, we formulate the above situation as an
optimal control problem and the solution (using Pontryagin's Maximum Principle)
prescribes an optimal resource allocation over the time of the campaign. We
consider two different scenarios --- in the first, the campaigner can adjust a
direct control (over time) which allows her to recruit individuals from the
population (at some cost) to act as spreaders for the
Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) epidemic model. In the second case, we
allow the campaigner to adjust the effective spreading rate by incentivizing
the infected in the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model, in addition to
the direct recruitment. We consider time varying information spreading rate in
our formulation to model the changing interest level of individuals in the
campaign, as the deadline is reached. In both the cases, we show the existence
of a solution and its uniqueness for sufficiently small campaign deadlines. For
the fixed spreading rate, we show the effectiveness of the optimal control
strategy against the constant control strategy, a heuristic control strategy
and no control. We show the sensitivity of the optimal control to the spreading
rate profile when it is time varying.


title: Constructing Nonabelian (1,0) Hypermultiplet Theories in Six Dimensions

abstract:
  We construct a class of nonabelian superconformal (1,0) hypermultiplet
theories in six dimensions by introducing an abelian auxiliary field. The gauge
fields of this class of theories are non-dynamical, and this class of theories
can be viewed as Chern-Simons-matter theories in 6D.


title: Chiral Molecule in the Standard Model

abstract:
  This review is based on the talk in the conference of "Spectroscopic Studies
on Molecular Chirality" held on Dec 20-21 2013. The objects of the present
paper are to (1) derive the energy difference between Laevorotatory, or
left-handed, (L-) and Dextrotatory, or right-handed, (D-) molecules and to (2)
discuss how this tiny energy difference leads us to the observed enantiomer
excess. Relations with other parity violating phenomena in molecules, electric
dipole moment and natural optical activity, are also discussed.


title:
Investigating the Physics and Environment of Lyman Limit Systems in
  Cosmological Simulations

abstract:
  In this work, I investigate the properties of Lyman limit systems (LLSs)
using state-of-the-art zoom-in cosmological galaxy formation simulations with
on the fly radiative transfer, which includes both the cosmic UV background
(UVB) and local stellar sources. I compare the simulation results to
observations of the incidence frequency of LLSs and the HI column density
distribution function over the redshift range $z=2-5$ and find good agreement.
I explore the connection between LLSs and their host halos and find that LLSs
reside in halos with a wide range of halo masses with a nearly constant
covering fraction within a virial radius. Over the range $z=2-5$, I find that
more than half of the LLSs reside in halos with $M < 10^{10}h^{-1}M_\odot$,
indicating that absorption line studies of LLSs can probe these low-mass
galaxies which H$_2$-based star formation models predict to have very little
star formation. I study the physical state of individual LLSs and test a simple
model (Schaye 2001) which encapsulates many of their properties. I confirm that
LLSs have a characteristic absorption length given by the Jeans length and that
they are in photoionization equilibrium at low column densities. Finally, I
investigate the self-shielding of LLSs to the UVB and explore how the
non-sphericity of LLSs affects the photoionization rate at a given $N_{\rm
HI}$. I find that at $z\approx 3$, LLSs have an optical depth of unity at a
column density of $\sim 10^{18} {\rm cm}^{-2}$ and that this is the column
density which characterizes the onset of self-shielding.


title: Theory of Quantum Gravity Information Processing

abstract:
  The theory of quantum gravity is aimed to fuse general relativity with
quantum theory into a more fundamental framework. The space of quantum gravity
provides both the non-fixed causality of general relativity and the quantum
uncertainty of quantum mechanics. In a quantum gravity scenario, the causal
structure is indefinite and the processes are causally non-separable. Here, we
provide a model for the information processing structure of quantum gravity. We
show that the quantum gravity environment is an information resource-pool from
which valuable information can be extracted. We analyze the structure of the
quantum gravity space and the entanglement of the space-time geometry. We study
the information transfer capabilities of quantum gravity space and define the
quantum gravity channel. We reveal that the quantum gravity space acts as a
background noise on the local environment states. We characterize the
properties of the noise of the quantum gravity space and show that it allows
the separate local parties to simulate remote outputs from the local
environment state, through the process of remote simulation.


title: Predicting B->K* form factors in light-cone QCD

abstract:
  We use QCD light-cone sum rules with holographic anti de
Sitter/Chromodynamics (AdS/QCD) Distribution Amplitudes (DAs) for the $K^*$
meson in order to predict the full set of seven $B \to K^*$ transition form
factors for intermediate-to-high recoil of the vector meson. We provide simple
parametrizations for the form factors that fit our AdS/QCD predictions. We also
provide parametrizations that fit both our AdS/QCD predictions and the most
recent lattice data for low recoil. We use our form factors to predict the
differential and total branching fraction of the rare dileptonic decay $B \to
K^* \mu^+ \mu^-$ which we compare to the recent LHCb data.


title: Integral Finite Surgeries on Knots in $S^3$

abstract:
  Using the correction terms in Heegaard Floer homology, we prove that if a
knot in $S^3$ admits a positive integral $\mathbf{T}$-, $\mathbf{O}$- or
$\mathbf{I}$-type surgery, it must have the same knot Floer homology as one of
the knots given in our complete list, and the resulting manifold is
orientation-preservingly homeomorphic to the $p$-surgery on the corresponding
knot.


title:
Transmutations of supersymmetry through soliton scattering, and
  self-consistent condensates

abstract:
  We consider the two most general families of the (1+1)D Dirac systems with
transparent scalar potentials, and two related families of the paired
reflectionless Schrodinger operators. The ordinary N=2 supersymmetry for such
Schrodinger pairs is enlarged up to an exotic N=4 nonlinear centrally extended
supersymmetric structure, which involves two bosonic integrals composed from
the Lax-Novikov operators for the stationary Korteweg-de Vries hierarchy. Each
associated single Dirac system displays a proper N=2 nonlinear supersymmetry
with a non-standard grading operator. One of the two families of the first and
second order systems exhibits the unbroken supersymmetry, while another is
described by the broken exotic supersymmetry. The two families are shown to be
mutually transmuted by applying a certain limit procedure to the soliton
scattering data. We relate the topologically trivial and nontrivial transparent
potentials with self-consistent inhomogeneous condensates in Bogoliubov-de
Gennes and Gross-Neveu models, and indicate the exotic N=4 nonlinear
supersymmetry of the paired reflectionless Dirac systems.


title: Confronting Dark Energy Anisotropic Stress

abstract:
  We use the currently available cosmic observations to probe and constrain an
imperfect dark energy fluid which is characterized by a constant equation of
state $w$ and a constant speed of viscosity $c^2_{vis}$. The model parameter
space was scanned by using Markov chain Monte Carlo method. The results show
that the speed of viscosity $c^2_{vis}$ was not well constrained when currently
available date sets, which include the cosmic microwave background radiation
from {\it Planck}2013, type Ia supernovae and baryon acoustic oscillations, are
used. But the cosmic data sets favor phantom dark energy with a negative speed
of viscosity $c^2_{vis}$ slightly.


title: Large subgraphs without complete bipartite graphs

abstract:
  In this note, we answer the following question of Foucaud, Krivelevich and
Perarnau. What is the size of the largest $K_{r,s}$-free subgraph one can
guarantee in every graph $G$ with $m$ edges? We also discuss the analogous
problem for hypergraphs.


title: Automorphism groups of smooth plane curves with many Galois points

abstract:
  We settle the automorphism groups of curves appearing in a classification
list of smooth plane curves with at least two Galois points. One of them is an
ordinary curve whose automorphism group exceeds the Hurwitz bound.


title:
Carrier Transport in Films of Alkyl-Ligand-Terminated Silicon
  Nanocrystals

abstract:
  Silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs) have shown great promise for electroluminescent
and photoluminescent applications. In order to optimize the properties of Si NC
devices, however, electronic transport in Si NCs films needs to be thoroughly
understood. Here we present a systematic study of the temperature and electric
field dependence of conductivity in films of alkyl-ligand-terminated Si NCs,
which to date have shown the highest potential for device applications. Our
measurements suggest that the conductivity is limited by the ionization of rare
NCs containing donor impurities. At low bias, this ionization is thermally
activated, with an ionization energy equal to twice the NC charging energy. As
the bias is increased, the ionization energy is reduced by the electric field,
as determined by the Poole-Frenkel effect. At large bias and sufficiently low
temperature, we observe cold ionization of electrons from donor-containing NCs,
with a characteristic tunneling length of about 1 nm. The temperature- and
electric-field-dependent conductance measurements presented here provide a
systematic and comprehensive picture for electron transport in lightly doped
nanocrystal films.


title:
Information Theory of Penalized Likelihoods and its Statistical
  Implications

abstract:
  We extend the correspondence between two-stage coding procedures in data
compression and penalized likelihood procedures in statistical estimation.
Traditionally, this had required restriction to countable parameter spaces. We
show how to extend this correspondence in the uncountable parameter case.
Leveraging the description length interpretations of penalized likelihood
procedures we devise new techniques to derive adaptive risk bounds of such
procedures. We show that the existence of certain countable coverings of the
parameter space implies adaptive risk bounds and thus our theory is quite
general. We apply our techniques to illustrate risk bounds for $\ell_1$ type
penalized procedures in canonical high dimensional statistical problems such as
linear regression and Gaussian graphical Models. In the linear regression
problem, we also demonstrate how the traditional $l_0$ penalty times
$\frac{\log(n)}{2}$ plus lower order terms has a two stage description length
interpretation and present risk bounds for this penalized likelihood procedure.


title: Invariant types in NIP theories

abstract:
  We study invariant types in NIP theories. Amongst other things: we prove a
definable version of the (p,q)-theorem in theories of small or medium
directionality; we construct a canonical retraction from the space of
M-invariant types to that of M-finitely satisfiable types; we show some
amalgamation results for invariant types and list a number of open questions.


title:
Gaming the System: Video Games as a Theoretical Framework for
  Instructional Design

abstract:
  In order to facilitate analyzing video games as learning systems and
instructional designs as games, we present a theoretical framework that
integrates ideas from a broad range of literature. The framework describes
games in terms of four layers, all sharing similar structural elements and
dynamics: a micro-level game focused on immediate problem-solving and skill
development, a macro-level game focused on the experience of the game world and
story and identity development, and two meta-level games focused on building or
modifying the game and on social interactions around it. Each layer casts
gameplay as a co-construction of the game and the player, and contains three
dynamical feedback loops: an exploratory learning loop, an intrinsic motivation
loop, and an identity loop.


title: Magnetic Moment of Electrons near Cosmic Strings

abstract:
  We study the effect of background geometry generated by a thin cosmic string
on the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron. We find that the magnitude of
the quantum correction to the magnetic moment depends on the distance from the
cosmic string as well as on the deficit angle.


title:
Neutron Star Powered Nebulae: A New View on Pulsar Wind Nebulae with the
  Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope

abstract:
  Pulsars are rapidly-rotating neutron stars born out of the death of stars. A
diffuse nebula is formed when particles stream from these neutron stars and
interact with the ambient medium. These pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are visible
across the electromagnetic spectrum, producing some of the most brilliant
objects ever observed. The launch of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope in
2008 has offered us an unprecedented view of the cosmic gamma-ray sky. Using
data from the LAT on board Fermi, we search for new gamma-ray-emitting PWN.
With these new observations, we vastly expand the number of PWN observed at
these energies. We interpret the observed gamma-ray emission from these PWN in
terms of a model where accelerated electrons produce gamma-rays through inverse
Compton upscattering when they interact with interstellar photon fields. We
conclude by studying how the observed PWN evolve with the age and spin-down
power of the host pulsar.


title:
Measurement of arbitrary two-photon entanglement state with the photonic
  Faraday rotation

abstract:
  We propose an efficient protocol for measuring the concurrence of arbitrary
two-photon pure entangled state with the help of the photonic Faraday rotation.
In the protocol, the concurrence of the photonic entangled state can be
conversed into the total success probability for picking up the odd-parity
photonic state. For completing the measurement task, we require some auxiliary
three-level atoms, which are trapped in the low-quality cavities. Our protocol
can be well realized under current experimental conditions. Moreover, under
practical imperfect atom state detection and photonic Faraday rotation
conditions, our protocol can also work well. Based on these features, our
protocol may be useful in current quantum information processing.


title:
Improve the Sustainability of Internet of Things Through Trading-based
  Value Creation

abstract:
  Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely discussed over the past few years in
technology point of view. However, the social aspects of IoT are seldom studied
to date. In this paper, we discuss the IoT in social point of view.
Specifically, we examine the strategies to increase the adoption of IoT in a
sustainable manner. Such discussion is essential in today's context where
adoption of IoT solutions by non-technical community is slow. Specially, large
number of IoT solutions making their way into the market every day. We propose
an trading-based value creation model based on sensing as a service paradigm in
order to fuel the adoption of IoT. We discuss the value creation and its impact
towards the society especially to households and their occupants. We also
present results of two different surveys we conducted in order to examine the
potential acceptance of the proposed model among the general public.


title:
On a Voter model on R^d: Cluster growth in the Spatial
  Lambda-Fleming-Viot Process

abstract:
  The spatial Lambda-Fleming-Viot (SLFV) process (Barton, Etheridge and
V\'eber, 2010) can be seen as a generalised Voter Model with configuration
space $M^{R^d}$, where M is the set of probability measures on some space K.
Such processes are usually studied thanks to a dual process that describes the
genealogy of a sample of particles. In this paper, we study the growth of a
cluster, and our surprising result is that with probability one, every bounded
cluster stops growing in finite time. Because the traditional (backward in
time) duality methods fail, we develop an original forward in time approach
that exploits a martingale property of the process. To make it feasible, we
construct adequate objects that allow to handle the complex geometry of the
problem. We are able to prove the result in any dimension $d$.


title: Synthesis of Luminescent Eu defects in diamond

abstract:
  Lanthanides are vital components in lighting, imaging technologies and future
quantum memory applications due to their narrow optical transitions and long
spin coherence times. Recently, diamond has become a preeminent platform for
realization of many experiments in quantum information science. In this work,
we demonstrate a promising approach to incorporate Eu ions into single crystal
diamond and nanodiamonds, providing a means to harness the exceptional
characteristics of both lanthanides and diamond in a single material.
Polyelectrolytes are used to electrostatically assemble Eu(III) chelate
molecules on diamond and subsequently chemical vapor deposition is employed for
the growth of a high quality diamond crystal. Photoluminescence,
cathodoluminescence and time resolved fluorescence measurements show that the
Eu atoms retain the characteristic optical signature of Eu(III) upon
incorporation into the diamond lattice. Computational modelling supports the
experimental findings, corroborating that Eu3+ in diamond is a stable
configuration within the diamond bandgap. The versatility of the synthetic
technique is further illustrated through the creation of the well-studied Cr
defect center. Together these defect centers demonstrate the outstanding
chemical control over the incorporation of impurities into diamond enabled by
the electrostatic assembly together with chemical vapour deposition growth.


title:
Geometric integration of the Vlasov-Maxwell system with a variational
  particle-in-cell scheme

abstract:
  A fully variational, unstructured, electromagnetic particle-in-cell
integrator is developed for integration of the Vlasov-Maxwell equations. Using
the formalism of Discrete Exterior Calculus, the field solver, interpolation
scheme and particle advance algorithm are derived through minimization of a
single discrete field theory action. As a consequence of ensuring that the
action is invariant under discrete electromagnetic gauge transformations, the
integrator exactly conserves Gauss's law.


title: Indecomposable non-orientable $PD_3$-complexes

abstract:
  We show that the orientable double covering space of an indecomposable
non-orientable $PD_3$-complex has torsion free fundamental group.


title: Gauge properties of the guiding center variational symplectic integrator

abstract:
  Variational symplectic algorithms have recently been developed for carrying
out long-time simulation of charged particles in magnetic fields. As a direct
consequence of their derivation from a discrete variational principle, these
algorithms have very good long-time energy conservation, as well as exactly
preserving discrete momenta. We present stability results for these algorithms,
focusing on understanding how explicit variational integrators can be designed
for this type of system. It is found that for explicit algorithms an
instability arises because the discrete symplectic structure does not become
the continuous structure in the $t \rightarrow 0$ limit. We examine how a
generalized gauge transformation can be used to put the Lagrangian in the
"antisymmetric discretization gauge," in which the discrete symplectic
structure has the correct form, thus eliminating the numerical instability.
Finally, it is noted that the variational guiding center algorithms are not
electromagnetically gauge invariant. By designing a model discrete Lagrangian,
we show that the algorithms are approximately gauge invariant as long as
$\boldsymbol{A}$ and $\phi$ are relatively smooth. A gauge invariant discrete
Lagrangian is very important in a variational particle-in-cell algorithm where
it ensures current continuity and preservation of Gauss's law


title: Anception: Application Virtualization For Android

abstract:
  The problem of malware has become significant on Android devices. Library
operating systems and application virtualization are both possible solutions
for confining malware. Unfortunately, such solutions do not exist for Android.
Designing mechanisms for application virtualization is a significant chal-
lenge for several reasons: (1) graphics performance is important due to
popularity of games and (2) applications with the same UID can share state.
This paper presents Anception, the first flexible application virtualization
framework for Android. It is imple- mented as a modification to the Android
kernel and supports application virtualization that addresses the above
requirements. Anception is able to confine many types of malware while
supporting unmodified Android applications. Our Anception- based system
exhibits up to 3.9% overhead on various 2D/3D benchmarks, and 1.8% overhead on
the SunSpider benchmark.


title: Graded elementary quasi-Hopf algebras of tame representation type

abstract:
  The class of graded elementary quasi-Hopf algebras of tame type is
classified. Combining with our previous work [19], this completes the
trichotomy for such class of algebras according to their representation types.
In addition, new examples of genuine elementary quasi-Hopf algebras, and
accordingly finite pointed tensor categories, are provided.


title: A Generalized Typicality for Abstract Alphabets

abstract:
  A new notion of typicality for arbitrary probability measures on standard
Borel spaces is proposed, which encompasses the classical notions of weak and
strong typicality as special cases. Useful lemmas about strong typical sets,
including conditional typicality lemma, joint typicality lemma, and packing and
covering lemmas, which are fundamental tools for deriving many inner bounds of
various multi-terminal coding problems, are obtained in terms of the proposed
notion. This enables us to directly generalize lots of results on finite
alphabet problems to general problems involving abstract alphabets, without any
complicated additional arguments. For instance, quantization procedure is no
longer necessary to achieve such generalizations. Another fundamental lemma,
Markov lemma, is also obtained but its scope of application is quite limited
compared to others. Yet, an alternative theory of typical sets for Gaussian
measures, free from this limitation, is also developed. Some remarks on a
possibility to generalize the proposed notion for sources with memory are also
given.


title: Scaling the universe

abstract:
  A model is presented for the origin of the large scale structure of the
universe and their Mass-Radius scaling law; a fractal power law, $M \propto
R^D$, with dimension $D=2$, most significantly. The physics is conventional,
orthodox, but it is used to fashion a highly unorthodox model of the origin of
the galaxies, their groups, clusters, super-clusters, and great walls. The
scaling law fits the observational results and the model offers new suggestions
and predictions. These include a largest, a supreme, cosmic structure, and
possible implications for the recently observed pressing cosmological
anomalies.


title:
Prospects for electron spin-dependent short-range force experiments with
  rare earth iron garnet test masses

abstract:
  A study of the possible interactions between fermions assuming only
rotational invariance has revealed 15 forms for the potential involving the
fermion spins. We review the experimental constraints on unobserved
macroscopic, spin-dependent interactions between electrons in the range below 1
cm. An existing experiment, using 1 kHz mechanical oscillators as test masses,
has been used to constrain mass-coupled forces in this range. With suitable
modifications, including spin-polarized test masses, this experiment can be
used to explore all 15 possible spin-dependent interactions between electrons
in this range with unprecedented sensitivity. Samples of ferrimagnetic
dysprosium iron garnet have been fabricated in the suitable test mass geometry
and shown to have high spin density with very low intrinsic magnetism.


title:
Interfacial microscopic mechanism of free energy minimization in Omega
  precipitate formation

abstract:
  Precipitate strengthening of light metals underpins a large segment of
industry.Yet, quantitative understanding of physics involved in precipitate
formation is often lacking, especially, about interfacial contribution to the
energetics of precipitate formation.Here, we report an intricate strain
accommodation and free energy minimization mechanism in the formation of Omega
precipitates (Al2Cu)in the Al_Cu_Mg_Ag alloy. We show that the affinity between
Ag and Mg at the interface provides the driving force for lowering the heat of
formation, while substitution between Mg, Al and Cu of different atomic radii
at interfacial atomic sites alters interfacial thickness and adjust precipitate
misfit strain. The results here highlight the importance of interfacial
structure in precipitate formation, and the potential of combining the power of
atomic resolution imaging with first-principles theory for unraveling the
mystery of physics at nanoscale interfaces.


title:
Transport evidence of robust topological surface state in BiTeCl single
  crystals, the first strong inversion asymmetric topological insulator

abstract:
  Three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs) are new forms of quantum
matter that are characterized by their insulating bulk state and exotic
metallic surface state, which hosts helical Dirac fermions1-2. Very recently,
BiTeCl, one of the polar semiconductors, has been discovered by angle-resolved
photoemission spectroscopy to be the first strong inversion asymmetric
topological insulator (SIATI). In contrast to the previously discovered 3D TIs
with inversion symmetry, the SIATI are expected to exhibit novel topological
phenomena, including crystalline-surface-dependent topological surface states,
intrinsic topological p-n junctions, and pyroelectric and topological
magneto-electric effects3. Here, we report the first transport evidence for the
robust topological surface state in the SIATI BiTeCl via observation of
Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations, which exhibit the 2D nature of the Fermi
surface and pi Berry phase. The n = 1 Landau quantization of the topological
surface state is observed at B . 12 T without gating, and the Fermi level is
only 58.8 meV above the Dirac point, which gives rise to small effective mass,
0.055me, and quite large mobility, 4490 cm2s-1. Our findings will pave the way
for future transport exploration of other new topological phenomena and
potential applications for strong inversion asymmetric topological insulators.

categories: cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.other


title: Walk modularity and community structure in networks

abstract:
  Modularity maximization has been one of the most widely used approaches in
the last decade for discovering community structure in networks of practical
interest in biology, computing, social science, statistical mechanics, and
more. Modularity is a quality function that measures the difference between the
number of edges found within clusters minus the number of edges one would
statistically expect to find based on random chance. We present a natural
generalization of modularity based on the difference between the actual and
expected number of walks within clusters, which we call walk-modularity.
Walk-modularity can be expressed in matrix form, and community detection can be
performed by finding leading eigenvectors of the walk-modularity matrix. We
demonstrate community detection on both synthetic and real-world networks and
find that walk-modularity maximization returns significantly improved results
compared to traditional modularity maximization.


title: Distinct volume subsets

abstract:
  Suppose that $a$ and $d$ are positive integers with $a \geq 2$. Let
$h_{a,d}(n)$ be the largest integer $t$ such that any set of $n$ points in
$\mathbb{R}^d$ contains a subset of $t$ points for which all the non-zero
volumes of the ${t \choose a}$ subsets of order $a$ are distinct. Beginning
with Erd\H{o}s in 1957, the function $h_{2,d}(n)$ has been closely studied and
is known to be at least a power of $n$. We improve the best known bound for
$h_{2,d}(n)$ and show that $h_{a,d}(n)$ is at least a power of $n$ for all $a$
and $d$.


title: Option Pricing of Twin Assets

abstract:
  How to price and hedge claims on nontraded assets are becoming increasingly
important matters in option pricing theory today. The most common practice to
deal with these issues is to use another similar or "closely related" asset or
index which is traded, for hedging purposes. Implicitly, traders assume here
that the higher the correlation between the traded and nontraded assets, the
better the hedge is expected to perform. This raises the question as to how
\textquoteleft{}closely related\textquoteright{} the assets really are. In this
paper, the concept of twin assets is introduced, focusing the discussion
precisely in what does it mean for two assets to be similar. Our findings point
to the fact that, in order to have very similar assets, for example identical
twins, high correlation measures are not enough. Specifically, two basic
criteria of similarity are pointed out: i) the coefficient of variation of the
assets and ii) the correlation between assets. From here, a method to measure
the level of similarity between assets is proposed, and secondly, an option
pricing model of twin assets is developed. The proposed model allows us to
price an option of one nontraded asset using its twin asset, but this time
knowing explicitly what levels of errors we are facing. Finally, some numerical
illustrations show how twin assets behave depending upon their levels of
similarities, and how their potential differences will traduce in MAPE (mean
absolute percentage error) for the proposed option pricing model.


title: Multi-Channel Cognitive Radio Networks: Modeling, Analysis and Synthesis

abstract:
  In this contribution, we establish a model for multichannel cognitive radio
networks (CRNs) using the theory of priority queues. This model enables us to
conduct a performance analysis in the most general form by the derivation of
the probability mass function (PMF) of queue length at the secondary users
(SUs). In the second part, a reverse problem is considered to answer the
important top-down question of whether a service requirement can be satisfied
in a multi-channel CRN knowing the network parameters and traffic situation
with respect to the SUs and the primary users (PUs). Terming this problem as
the network synthesis, a precise conservation law is obtained, which relates
the packet waiting times of both types of users, and based on which the
achievable region of the network is also determined. Lastly, by the
introduction of a mixed strategy, the conditions for the existence of an
optimal trade-off between the interference onto the PUs and the
quality-of-service of the SUs is shown, and the optimal mixed strategy is
obtained when those conditions are satisfied.


title:
A control approach to recover the wave speed (conformal factor) from one
  measurement

abstract:
  In this paper we consider the problem of recovering the conformal factor in a
conformal class of Riemannian metrics from the boundary measurement of one wave
field. More precisely, using boundary control operators, we derive an explicit
equation satisfied by the contrast between two conformal factors (or wave
speeds). This equation is Fredholm and generically invertible provided that the
domain of interest is properly illuminated at an initial time. We also show
locally Lipschitz stability estimates.


title:
Capacity Region of the Broadcast Channel with Two Deterministic Channel
  State Components

abstract:
  This paper establishes the capacity region of a class of broadcast channels
with random state in which each channel component is selected from two possible
functions and each receiver knows its state sequence. This channel model does
not fit into any class of broadcast channels for which the capacity region was
previously known and is useful in studying wireless communication channels when
the fading state is known only at the receivers. The capacity region is shown
to coincide with the UV outer bound and is achieved via Marton coding.


title:
Asymptotics of spectral gaps on loop spaces over a class of Riemannian
  manifolds

abstract:
  We prove the existence of spectral gaps of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operators on
loop spaces over a class of Riemannian manifolds which include hyperbolic
spaces. This is an alternative proof and an extension of a result in Chen-Li-Wu
in J. Funct. Anal. 259 (2010), 1421-1442. Further, we study the asymptotic
behavior of the spectral gap.


title: Safe Sample Screening for Support Vector Machines

abstract:
  Sparse classifiers such as the support vector machines (SVM) are efficient in
test-phases because the classifier is characterized only by a subset of the
samples called support vectors (SVs), and the rest of the samples (non SVs)
have no influence on the classification result. However, the advantage of the
sparsity has not been fully exploited in training phases because it is
generally difficult to know which sample turns out to be SV beforehand. In this
paper, we introduce a new approach called safe sample screening that enables us
to identify a subset of the non-SVs and screen them out prior to the training
phase. Our approach is different from existing heuristic approaches in the
sense that the screened samples are guaranteed to be non-SVs at the optimal
solution. We investigate the advantage of the safe sample screening approach
through intensive numerical experiments, and demonstrate that it can
substantially decrease the computational cost of the state-of-the-art SVM
solvers such as LIBSVM. In the current big data era, we believe that safe
sample screening would be of great practical importance since the data size can
be reduced without sacrificing the optimality of the final solution.


title: The role of Jupiter in driving Earth's orbital evolution

abstract:
  In coming years, the first truly Earth-like planets will be discovered
orbiting other stars, and the search for signs of life on these worlds will
begin. However, such observations will be hugely time-consuming and costly, and
so it will be important to determine which of those planets represent the best
prospects for life elsewhere. One of the key factors in such a decision will be
the climate variability of the planet in question - too chaotic a climate might
render a planet less promising as a target for our initial search for life
elsewhere.
  On the Earth, the climate of the last few million years has been dominated by
a series of glacial and interglacial periods, driven by periodic variations in
the Earth's orbital elements and axial tilt. These Milankovitch cycles are
driven by the gravitational influence of the other planets, and as such are
strongly dependent on the architecture of the Solar system.
  Here, we present the first results of a study investigating the influence of
the orbit of Jupiter on the Milankovitch cycles at Earth - a first step in
developing a means to characterise the nature of periodic climate change on
planets beyond our Solar system.


title: Wobbling Ancient Binaries - Here Be Planets?

abstract:
  In the last few years, a number of planets have been proposed to orbit
several post main-sequence binary star systems on the basis of observed
variations in the timing of eclipses between the binary components. A common
feature of these planet candidates is that the best-fit orbits are often highly
eccentric, such that the multiple planet systems proposed regularly feature
mutually crossing orbits - a scenario that almost always leads to unstable
planetary systems. In this work, we present the results of dynamical studies of
all multiple-planet systems proposed to orbit these highly evolved binary
stars, finding that most do not stand up to dynamical scrutiny. In one of the
potentially stable cases (the NN Serpentis 2-planet system), we consider the
evolution of the binary star system, and show that it is highly unlikely that
planets could survive from the main sequence to obtain their current orbits -
again casting doubt on the proposed planets. We conclude by considering
alternative explanations for the observed variation in eclipse timings for
these systems.


title:
Comparison between entangled and nonentangled two-reservoir Kondo
  systems

abstract:
  We clarify the difference between entangled and nonentangled two-reservoir
mesoscopic Kondo systems and reveal the reason why theories using the Keldysh
formalism, quantum Monte Carlo calculations, and the renormalization group
approaches cannot explain the line shapes of tunneling conductance of
mesoscopic Kondo systems measured by using a two-terminal setup but explain
those of a three-terminal setup. We emphasize that the previous theories study
a nonentangled system, while real two-reservoir mesoscopic Kondo systems are
entangled systems in which two reservoirs are within the coherent region. We
show that two coherent side peaks appearing in tunneling conductance signify
the entanglement between two reservoirs. These side peaks are essential for
explaining the experimental observations for tunneling conductance.


title:
An update on the developmental status of the Spin-Light Polarimeter for
  the Electron Ion Collider

abstract:
  Precision experiments in the parity violating electron scattering (PVES)
sector is one the leading methods to probe physics beyond the standard model
(SM). A large part of the physics program being envisioned for future
facilities such as the Electron Ion Collider (EIC) includes searching for
physics beyond SM. Here, we present a novel technique which uses spacial
asymmetry of synchrotron radiation produced by an electron beam passing through
a wiggler magnet to trace the changes in beam polarization. Such a relative
polarimeter could be vital if the goal of <0.5% polarimetry is to be achieved
at EIC. In this paper, we update the discussion on the development of this
technique supported by a Geant4 simulation. The polarimeter apparatus along
with the underlying basic ideas are briefly introduced. As a part of the
simulation, the effects of electron beam current and beam energy were studied
which were found to be manageable over a wide range of electron beam energies
and beam currents. It was found that such a relative polarimeter works best in
the 4-20 GeV regime.


title: The role of potential in the ghost-condensate dark energy model

abstract:
  We consider the ghost-condensate model of dark energy with a generic
potential term. The inclusion of the potential is shown to give greater freedom
in realising the phantom regime. The self-consistency of the analysis is
demonstrated using WMAP7+BAO+Hubble data.


title:
On stable laws in a one-dimensional intermittent map equipped with a
  uniform invariant measure

abstract:
  We investigate ergodic-theoretical quantities and large deviation properties
of one-dimensional intermittent maps, that have not only an indifferent fixed
point but also a singular structure such that the uniform measure is invariant
under the mapping. The probability density of the residence time and the
correlation function are found to behave polynomially: $f(m) \sim
m^{-(\kappa+1)}$ and $C(\tau) \sim \tau^{-(\kappa-1)}$ $(\kappa > 1)$. Using
the Doeblin-Feller theorems in probability theory, we derive the conjecture
that the rescaled fluctuations of the time average of some observable functions
obey the stable distribution with the exponent $1 < \alpha \le 2$. Some
exponents of the stable distribution are precisely determined by numerical
simulations, and the conjecture is verified numerically. The polynomial decay
of large deviations is also discussed, and it is found that the entropy
function does not exist, because the moment generating function of the stable
distribution can not be defined.


title:
A quantum field theoretical model of neutrino oscillation without
  external wave packets

abstract:
  We develop a general and consistent model of neutrino oscillation based on
the quantum field theoretical description of the neutrino production and
detection processes. Emphasis is placed on the locality of the interactions of
these processes, where on top of the usual application of the four fermion
local Hamiltonian, we assume that weak interactions switched on only when the
wave functions of the particles involved are overlapping and switched off upon
their separation. A key assumption in our treatment is that the wave packet
sizes of the particles, in particular, the neutrino producing source particles
and the neutrino absorbing detector particles, are taken to be negligible
compared with their mean free path in their respective medium. With this
assumption, and taking into considerations of the finite time of neutrino
production, neutrino wave packets with well-defined edges are generated. This
fact, together with the locality of weak interactions, enable us to relate the
propagation time to the propagation distance, thus doing away with the ad hoc
time averaging procedure normally employing in derivations of neutrino
oscillation formula. No assumptions on the particular forms of particle wave
functions; for example, Gaussians, need to be made. A good feature of our
approach is that the neutrino oscillation formula is automatically normalised
if the in-going states of the production and detection processes are
normalised. We also show that causality and unitarity cannot both be satisfied
in virtual neutrino models.


title: Universal covering space of the noncommutative torus

abstract:
  Gelfand - Na\u{i}mark theorem supplies contravariant functor from a category
of commutative $C^*-$ algebras to a category of locally compact Hausdorff
spaces. Therefore any commutative $C^*-$ algebra is an alternative
representation of a topological space. Similarly a category of (noncommutative)
$C^*-$ algebras can be regarded as a category of generalized (noncommutative)
locally compact Hausdorff spaces. Generalizations of topological invariants may
be defined by algebraic methods. For example Serre Swan theorem states that
complex topological $K$ - theory coincides with $K$ - theory of $C^*$ -
algebras. However the algebraic topology have a rich set of invariants. Some
invariants do not have noncommutative generalizations yet. This article
contains a sample of noncommutative universal covering. General theory of
noncommutative universal coverings is being developed by the author of this
article. However this sample has independent interest, it is very easy to
understand and does not require knowledge of Hopf-Galois extensions.


title: Computation of disconnected contributions to nucleon observables

abstract:
  We compare several methods for computing disconnected fermion loops
contributing to nucleon three-point functions. The comparison is carried out
using one ensemble of $N_f=2+1+1$ twisted mass fermions with pion mass of 373
MeV. The complete set of operators up to one-derivative are examined by
developing optimized code for mutli-GPUs. Simple guidelines are given as to the
preferable method for each class of operators.


title: A QUDA-branch to compute disconnected diagrams in GPUs

abstract:
  Although QUDA allows for an efficient computation of many QCD quantities, it
is surprinsingly lacking tools to evaluate disconnected diagrams, for which
GPUs are specially well suited. We aim to fill this gap by creating our own
branch of QUDA, which includes new kernels and functions required to calculate
fermion loops using several methods and fermionic regularizations.