title:
Quantum information and statistical mechanics: an introduction to
  frontier

abstract:
  This is a short review on an interdisciplinary field of quantum information
science and statistical mechanics. We first give a pedagogical introduction to
the stabilizer formalism, which is an efficient way to describe an important
class of quantum states, the so-called stabilizer states, and quantum
operations on them. Furthermore, graph states, which are a class of stabilizer
states associated with graphs, and their applications for measurement-based
quantum computation are also mentioned. Based on the stabilizer formalism, we
review two interdisciplinary topics. One is the relation between quantum error
correction codes and spin glass models, which allows us to analyze the
performances of quantum error correction codes by using the knowledge about
phases in statistical models. The other is the relation between the stabilizer
formalism and partition functions of classical spin models, which provides new
quantum and classical algorithms to evaluate partition functions of classical
spin models.


title: Dark energy from Geometrothermodynamics

abstract:
  Geometrothermodynamics is a geometric theory which combines thermodynamics
with contact and Riemannian geometry. In this work we use the formalism of
geometrothermodynamics to infer cosmological models which predict the observed
speed up. As a relevant consequence, our simple model shows dynamical
properties which seem to fairly well describe the late time universe dynamics.
To do so, we use geometric considerations about constant thermodynamic
curvature and derive the model of a fluid which is expected to \emph{naturally}
reproduce the dark energy effects. In particular, our approach reduces to the
$\Lambda$CDM model in the limiting case of small redshift, providing however
significative departures from $\Lambda$CDM as the universe expands. The main
goal consists in interpreting our \emph{geometrothermodynamic fluid} as an
energetic source and to explain the dark energy effects as emerging from the
interplay between geometry and thermodynamics, providing a new interpretation
of the observed positive acceleration.


title:
Embedding univalent functions in filtering Loewner chains in higher
  dimension

abstract:
  We discuss the problem of embedding univalent functions into Loewner chains
in higher dimension. In particular, we prove that a normalized univalent map of
the ball in $\C^n$ whose image is a smooth strongly pseudoconvex domain is
embeddable into a normalized Loewner chain (satisfying also some extra
regularity properties) if and only if the closure of the image is polynomially
convex.


title: An existential 0-definition of F_q[[t]] in F_q((t))

abstract:
  We show that the valuation ring F_q[[t]] in the local field F_q((t)) is
existentially definable in the language of rings with no parameters. The method
is to use the definition of the henselian topology following the work of
Prestel-Ziegler to give an existential-F_q-definable bounded neighbouhood of 0.
Then we `tweak' this set by subtracting, taking roots, and applying Hensel's
Lemma in order to find an existential-F_q-definable subset of F_q[[t]] which
contains tF_q[[t]]. Finally, we use the fact that F_q is defined by the formula
x^q-x=0 to extend the definition to the whole of F_q[[t]] and to rid the
definition of parameters.
  Several extensions of the theorem are obtained, notably an existential
0-definition of the valuation ring of a non-trivial valuation with divisible
value group.


title: On the exit time from a cone for random walks with drift

abstract:
  We compute the exponential decay of the probability that a given
multi-dimensional random walk stays in a convex cone up to time $n$, as $n$
goes to infinity. We show that the latter equals the minimum, on the dual cone,
of the Laplace transform of the random walk increments. As an example, our
results find applications in the counting of walks in orthants, a classical
domain in enumerative combinatorics.


title: Cosmic Ray acceleration and Balmer emission from SNR 0509-67.5

abstract:
  Context: Observation of Balmer lines from the region around the forward shock
of supernova remnants may provide precious information on the shock dynamics
and on the efficiency of particle acceleration at the shock.
  Aims: We calculate the Balmer line emission and the shape of the broad Balmer
line for parameter values suitable for SNR 0509-67.5, as a function of the
cosmic ray acceleration efficiency and of the level of thermal equilibration
between electrons and protons behind the shock. This calculation aims at using
the width of the broad Balmer line emission to infer the cosmic ray
acceleration efficiency in this remnant.
  Methods: We use the recently developed non-linear theory of diffusive shock
acceleration in the presence of neutrals. The semi-analytical approach that we
developed includes a description of magnetic field amplification as due to
resonant streaming instability, the dynamical reaction of both accelerated
particles and turbulent magnetic field on the shock, and all channels of
interaction between neutral atoms and background plasma that change the shock
dynamics.
  Results: We achieve a quantitative assessment of the CR acceleration
efficiency in SNR 0509-67.5 as a function of the shock velocity and different
levels of electron-proton thermalization in the shock region. If the shock
moves faster than ~4500 km/s, one can conclude that particle acceleration must
be taking place with efficiency of several tens of percent. For lower shock
velocity the evidence for particle acceleration becomes less clear because of
the uncertainty in the electron-ion equilibration downstream. We also discuss
the role of future measurements of the narrow Balmer line.


title: A singular radial connection over B^5 minimizing the Yang-Mills energy

abstract:
  We prove that the pullback of the SU(n)-soliton of Chern class $c_2=1$ over
$\mathbb S^4$ via the radial projection $\pi:\mathbb
B^5\setminus\{0\}\to\mathbb S^4$ minimizes the Yang-Mills energy under the
fixed boundary trace constraint. In particular this shows that stationary
Yang-Mills connections in high dimension can have singular sets of codimension
5.


title:
Determination of structure tilting in magnetized plasmas - Time delay
  estimation in two dimensions

abstract:
  Time delay estimation (TDE) is a well-known technique to investigate poloidal
flows in fusion plasmas. The present work is an extension of the earlier works
of A. Bencze and S. Zoletnik 2005 and B. T\'al et al. 2011. From the
prospective of the comparison of theory and experiment it seem to be important
to estimate the statistical properties of the TDE based on solid mathematical
groundings. This paper provides analytic derivation of the variance of the TDE
using a two-dimensional model for coherent turbulent structures in the plasma
edge and also gives an explicit method for determination of the tilt angle of
structures. As a demonstration this method is then applied to the results of a
quasi-2D Beam Emission Spectroscopy (BES) measurement performed at the TEXTOR
tokamak.


title:
Nonlinear Schrodinger solitons in massive Yang-Mills theory and partial
  localization of Dirac matter

abstract:
  We investigate the classical dynamics of the massive SU(2) Yang-Mills field
in the framework of multiple scale perturbation theory. We show analytically
that there exists a subset of solutions having the form of a kink soliton,
modulated by a plane wave, in a linear subspace transverse to the direction of
free propagation. Subsequently, we explore how these solutions affect the
dynamics of a Dirac field possessing an SU(2) charge. We find that this class
of Yang-Mills configurations, when regarded as an external field, leads to the
localization of the fermion along a line in the transverse space. Our analysis
reveals a mechanism for trapping SU(2) charged fermions in the presence of an
external Yang-Mills field indicating the non-abelian analogue of Landau
localization in electrodynamics.


title: Planck and the local Universe: quantifying the tension

abstract:
  We use the latest Planck constraints, and in particular constraints on the
derived parameters (Hubble constant and age of the Universe) for the local
universe and compare them with local measurements of the same quantities. We
propose a way to quantify whether cosmological parameters constraints from two
different experiments are in tension or not. Our statistic, T, is an evidence
ratio and therefore can be interpreted with the widely used Jeffrey's scale. We
find that in the framework of the LCDM model, the Planck inferred two
dimensional, joint, posterior distribution for the Hubble constant and age of
the Universe is in "strong" tension with the local measurements; the odds being
~ 1:50. We explore several possibilities for explaining this tension and
examine the consequences both in terms of unknown errors and deviations from
the LCDM model. In some one-parameter LCDM model extensions, tension is reduced
whereas in other extensions, tension is instead increased. In particular, small
total neutrino masses are favored and a total neutrino mass above 0.15 eV makes
the tension "highly significant" (odds ~ 1:150). A consequence of accepting
this interpretation of the tension is that the degenerate neutrino hierarchy is
highly disfavoured by cosmological data and the direct hierarchy is slightly
favored over the inverse.

categories: astro-ph.CO astro-ph.GA astro-ph.SR hep-ph


title: The polynomial sieve and equal sums of like polynomials

abstract:
  A new polynomial sieve is presented and used to show that almost all integers
have at most one representation as a sum of two values of a given polynomial of
degree at least 3.


title:
Privileged Factors in the Thue-Morse Word - A Comparison of Privileged
  Words and Palindromes

abstract:
  In this paper we study the privileged complexity function of the Thue-Morse
word. We prove a recursive formula describing this function, and using the
formula we show that the function is unbounded and that the values of the
function have arbitrarily large gaps of zeros. This demonstrates that the
privileged complexity function of an infinite word can drastically differ from
its palindromic complexity function, even though there are relations between
these functions. Further we study the behavior of palindromes and privileged
words in infinite words and the relation between rich words and privileged
words.


title:
Nonsingular electrovacuum solutions with dynamically generated
  cosmological constant

abstract:
  We consider static spherically symmetric configurations in a Palatini
extension of General Relativity including $R^2$ and Ricci-squared terms, which
is known to replace the central singularity by a wormhole in the electrovacuum
case. We modify the matter sector of the theory by adding to the usual Maxwell
term a nonlinear electromagnetic extension which is known to implement a
confinement mechanism in flat space. One feature of the resulting theory is
that the non-linear electric field leads to a dynamically generated
cosmological constant. We show that with this matter source the solutions of
the model are asymptotically de Sitter and possess a wormhole topology. We
discuss in some detail the conditions that guarantee the absence of
singularities and of traversable wormholes.


title:
Numerical Methods and Analysis via Random Field Based Malliavin Calculus
  for Backward Stochastic PDEs

abstract:
  We study the adapted solution, numerical methods, and related convergence
analysis for a unified backward stochastic partial differential equation
(B-SPDE). The equation is vector-valued, whose drift and diffusion coefficients
may involve nonlinear and high-order partial differential operators. Under
certain generalized Lipschitz and linear growth conditions, the existence and
uniqueness of adapted solution to the B-SPDE are justified. The methods are
based on completely discrete schemes in terms of both time and space. The
analysis concerning error estimation or rate of convergence of the methods is
conducted. The key of the analysis is to develop new theory for random field
based Malliavin calculus to prove the existence and uniqueness of adapted
solutions to the first-order and second-order Malliavin derivative based
B-SPDEs under random environments.

categories: math.PR math.DS math.NA math.OC math.ST stat.TH


title:
In-plane FFLO instability in superconductor-normal metal bilayer system
  under non-equilibrium quasiparticle distribution

abstract:
  It is predicted that a new class of systems - superconductor/normal metal
(S/N) heterostructures can reveal the in-plane Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov
(FFLO) instability under nonequilibrium conditions at temperatures close to the
critical temperature. It does not require any Zeeman interaction in the system.
For S/N heterostructures under non-equilibrium distribution there is a natural
easily adjustable parameter - voltage, which can control the FFLO-state. This
FFLO-state can be of different types: plane wave, stationary wave and, even,
2D-structures are possible. Some types of the FFLO-state are accompanied by the
magnetic flux, which can be observed experimentally. All the types of the
FFLO-state can reveal through the temperature dependence of the linear response
of the system on the applied magnetic field near $T_c$, which strongly differs
from that one for the homogeneous state.


title: The First Fermi-LAT Catalog of Sources Above 10 GeV

abstract:
  We present a catalog of gamma-ray sources at energies above 10 GeV based on
data from the Large Area Telescope (LAT) accumulated during the first three
years of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission. The first Fermi-LAT
catalog of >10GeV sources (1FHL) has 514 sources. For each source we present
location, spectrum, a measure of variability, and associations with cataloged
sources at other wavelengths. We found that 449 (87%) could be associated with
known sources, of which 393 (76% of the 1FHL sources) are active galactic
nuclei. Of the 27 sources associated with known pulsars, we find 20 (12) to
have significant pulsations in the range >10GeV (>25GeV). In this work we also
report that, at energies above 10 GeV, unresolved sources account for 27+/-8 %
of the isotropic gamma-ray background, while the unresolved Galactic population
contributes only at the few percent level to the Galactic diffuse background.
We also highlight the subset of the 1FHL sources that are best candidates for
detection at energies above 50-100 GeV with current and future ground-based
gamma-ray observatories.


title:
Silicon avalanche photodiode operation and lifetime analysis for small
  satellites

abstract:
  Silicon avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are sensitive to operating temperature
fluctuations and are also susceptible to radiation flux expected in
satellite-based quantum experiments. We introduce a low power voltage adjusting
mechanism to overcome the effects of in-orbit temperature fluctuations. We also
present data on the performance of Si APDs after irradiation (gamma-ray and
proton beam). Combined with an analysis of expected orbital irradiation, we
propose that a Si APD in a 400 km equatorial orbit may operate beyond the
lifetime of the satellite.


title:
MAST-Upgrade Divertor Facility and Assessing Performance of Long-Legged
  Divertors

abstract:
  A potentially important feature in a divertor design for a high-power tokamak
is an extended and expanded divertor leg. The upgrade to MAST will allow a wide
range of such divertor leg geometries to be produced, and hence will allow the
roles of greatly increased connection length and flux expansion to be
experimentally tested. This will include testing the potential of the Super-X
configuration [1]. The design process for the upgrade has required analysis of
producing and controlling the magnetic configurations, and has included
consideration of the roles that divertor closure and increasing magnetic
connection length will play.


title: \zeta({{2}^m, 1, {2}^m, 3}^n, {2}^m) / \pi^{4n + 2m(2n+1)} is rational

abstract:
  The cyclic insertion conjecture of Borwein, Bradley, Broadhurst and
Lison\v{e}k states that inserting all cyclic shifts of some fixed blocks of 2's
into the multiple zeta value {\zeta}(1,3,...,1,3) gives an explicit rational
multiple of a power of {\pi}. In this paper we use motivic multiple zeta values
to establish a non-explicit symmetric insertion result: inserting all possible
permutations of some fixed blocks of 2's into {\zeta}(1,3,...,1,3) gives some
rational multiple of a power of {\pi}.


title:
Sawtooth control using electron cyclotron current drive in the presence
  of energetic particles in high performance ASDEX Upgrade plasmas

abstract:
  Sawtooth control using steerable electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) has
been demonstrated in ASDEX Upgrade plasmas with a significant population of
energetic ions in the plasma core and long uncontrolled sawtooth periods. The
sawtooth period is found to be minimised when the ECCD resonance is swept to
just inside the q = 1 surface. By utilising ECCD inside q = 1 for sawtooth
control, it is possible to avoid the triggering of neoclassical tearing modes,
even at significnatly higher pressure than anticipated in the ITER baseline
scenario. Operation at 25% higher normalised pressure has been achieved when
only modest ECCD power is used for sawtooth control compared to identical
discharges without sawtooth control when neo-classical tearing modes are
triggered by the sawteeth. Modelling suggests that the destabilisation arising
from the change in the local magnetic shear caused by the ECCD is able to
compete with the stabilising influence of the energetic particles inside the q
= 1 surface.


title:
L-Mode and Inter-ELM Divertor Particle and Heat Flux Width Scaling on
  MAST

abstract:
  The distribution of particles and power to plasma-facing components is of key
importance in the design of next-generation fusion devices. Power and particle
decay lengths have been measured in a number of MAST L-mode and H-mode
discharges in order to determine their parametric dependencies, by fitting
power and particle flux profiles measured by divertor Langmuir probes, to a
convolution of an exponential decay and a Gaussian function. In all discharges
analysed, it is found that exponential decay lengths mapped to the midplane are
mostly dependent on separatrix electron density and plasma current (or parallel
connection length). The widths of the convolved Gaussian functions have been
used to derive an approximate diffusion coefficient, which is found to vary
from 1m2/s to 7m2/s, and is systematically lower in H-mode compared with
L-mode.


title: Characterisation of local ICRF heat loads on the JET ILW

abstract:
  When using Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequency (ICRF) heating, enhanced
heat-fluxes are commonly observed on some plasma facing components close to the
antennas. Experiments have recently been carried out on JET with the new
ITER-Like-Wall (ILW) to characterize the heat flux to the JET ICRF antennas.
Using Infra-Red thermography and thermal models of the tiles, heat-fluxes were
evaluated from the surface temperature increase during the RF phase of L-mode
plasmas. The maximum observed heat-flux intensity was ~ 4.5 MW/m2 when
operating with -{\pi}/2 current drive strap phasing at power level of 2MW per
antenna and with a 4 cm distance between the plasma and the outer limiters.
Heat-fluxes are reduced when using dipole strap phasing. The fraction of ICRF
power deposited on the antenna limiters or septa was in the range 2-10% for
dipole phasing and 10-20% with +/-{\pi}/2 phasing.


title:
Comprehensive Measurement of Neutron Yield Produced by 62 MeV Protons on
  Beryllium Target

abstract:
  A low-power prototype of neutron amplifier, based on a 70 MeV, high current
proton cyclotron being installed at LNL for the SPES RIB facility, was recently
proposed within INFN-E project. This prototype uses a thick Beryllium converter
to produce a fast neutron spectrum feeding a sub-critical reactor core. To
complete the design of such facility the new measurement of neutron yield from
a thick Beryllium target was performed at LNS. This measurement used liquid
scintillator detectors to identify produced neutrons by Pulse Shape
Discrimination and Time of Flight technique to measure neutron energy in the
range 0.5-62 MeV. To extend the covered neutron energy range He3 detector was
used to measure neutrons below 0.5 MeV. The obtained yields were normalized to
the charge deposited by the proton beam on the metallic Beryllium target. These
techniques allowed to achieve a wide angular coverage from 0 to 150 degrees and
to explore almost complete neutron energy interval.


title:
Improved Efficiency of Photoconductive THz Emitters by Increasing the
  Effective Contact Length of Electrodes

abstract:
  We study the effect of a surface modification at the interface between
metallic electrodes and semiconducting substrate in Semi-Insulating GaAs
(SI-GaAs) based photoconductive emitters (PCE) on the emission of Tera-Hertz
(THz) radiation. We partially etch out 500 nm thick layer of SI-GaAs in grating
like pattern with various periods before the contact deposition. By depositing
the electrodes on the patterned surface, the electrodes follow the contour of
the grating period. This increases the effective contact length of the
electrodes per unit area of the active regions on the PCE. The maxima of the
electric field amplitude of the THz pulses emitted from the patterned surface
are enhanced by up to more than a factor 2 as compared to an un-patterned
surface. We attribute this increase to the increase of the effective contact
length of the electrode due to surface patterning.


title: Reaction spreading on percolating clusters

abstract:
  Reaction-diffusion processes in two-dimensional percolating structures are
investigated. Two different problems are addressed: reaction spreading on a
percolating cluster and front propagation through a percolating channel. For
reaction spreading, numerical data and analytical estimates show a power-law
behavior of the reaction product as M(t) \sim t^dl, where dl is the
connectivity dimension. In a percolating channel, a statistically stationary
traveling wave develops. The speed and the width of the traveling wave are
numerically computed. While the front speed is a low-fluctuating quantity and
its behavior can be understood using a simple theoretical argument, the front
width is a high-fluctuating quantity showing a power-law behavior as a function
of the size of the channel


title:
Subcritical approximation of a Yamabe type non local equation: a
  Gamma-convergence approach

abstract:
  We investigate a natural approximation by subcritical Sobolev embeddings of
the Sobolev quotient for the fractional Sobolev spaces $H^s$ for any $0<s<N/2$,
using $\Gamma$-convergence techniques. We show that, for such approximations,
optimal functions always exist and exhibit a concentration effect of the $H^s$
energy at one point.


title:
Study of the d(p,{\gamma})3He Reaction at Ultralow Energies using a
  Zirconium Deuteride Target

abstract:
  The mechanism for the d(p,{\gamma})3He reaction in the region of ultralow
proton-deuteron collision energies (6.67<E<12.67 keV) is investigated using a
target of zirconium deuterides. The experiment was carried out in the proton
beam from the high-current pulsed Hall accelerator. Dependences of the
astrophysical S-factor and the effective pd - reaction cross section on the
proton-deuteron collision energy are measured. The results are compared with
the available literature data. The results of this work agree with the
experimental results obtained the LUNA collaboration with the target of gaseous
deuterium.


title: Palindromic closures using multiple antimorphisms

abstract:
  Generalized pseudostandard word $\bf u$, as introduced in 2006 by de Luca and
De Luca, is given by a directive sequence of letters from an alphabet ${\cal
A}$ and by a directive sequence of involutory antimorphisms acting on ${\cal
A}^*$. Prefixes of $\bf u$ with increasing length are constructed using
pseudopalindromic closure operator.
  We show that generalized Thue--Morse words ${\bf t}_{b,m}$, with $b, m \in
\N$ and $b, m \geq 2$, are generalized pseudostandard words if and only if
${\bf t}_{b,m}$ is a periodic word or $b \leq m$. This extends the result of de
Luca and De Luca obtained for the classical Thue--Morse words.


title: The $\gamma \gamma$ decay of the Higgs boson in FDR

abstract:
  We review the first complete calculation performed within the Four
Dimensional Regularization scheme (FDR), the recently-proposed approach for
addressing multi-loop calculations, which is simultaneously free of infinities
and gauge-invariant in 4 dimensions. As a case study, the 1-loop-induced
amplitude for the Higgs boson decay into two photons was calculated in
arbitrary gauge. The result obtained, identical to that assessed with standard
methods, stands as an explicit test of the gauge-invariance property of FDR.
Moreover, the calculation provides an insight into the use of the technique, in
particular in the presence of fermions.


title: On the S-matrix conjecture

abstract:
  Motivated with a problem in spectroscopy, Sloane and Harwit conjectured in
1976 what is the minimal Frobenius norm of the inverse of a matrix having all
entries from the interval [0, 1]. In 1987, Cheng proved their conjecture in the
case of odd dimensions, while for even dimensions he obtained a slightly weaker
lower bound for the norm. His proof is based on the Kiefer-Wolfowitz
equivalence theorem from the approximate theory of optimal design. In this note
we give a short and simple proof of his result.


title:
Dynamical polarization of nuclear spins by acceptor-bound holes in a
  zinc blende semiconductor

abstract:
  The ground state of an acceptor-bound hole in a zinc-blende semiconductor is
formed by four eigenstates of the total angular momentum, which is a vector sum
of spin and orbital moment of the hole. As a result, the hyperfine interaction
of the hole with lattice nuclei becomes anisotropic and coordinate-dependent.
We develop a theory of dynamic polarization of nuclear spins by the
acceptor-bound hole, giving full account for its complex spin structure. The
rate of hole-nuclear flip-flop transitions is shown to depend on the angle
between the total angular momentum of the hole and the position vector of the
nucleus with respect to the acceptor center. The resulted spatially
inhomogeneous spin polarization of nuclei gives rise to non-equidistant spin
splitting of the hole, which can be detected by methods of optical or microwave
spectroscopy.


title: Cotilting modules over commutative noetherian rings

abstract:
  Recently, tilting and cotilting classes over commutative noetherian rings
have been classified in arXiv:1203.0907. We proceed and, for each n-cotilting
class C, construct an n-cotilting module inducing C by an iteration of
injective precovers. A further refinement of the construction yields the unique
minimal n-cotilting module inducing C. Finally, we consider localization: a
cotilting module is called ample, if all of its localizations are cotilting. We
prove that for each 1-cotilting class, there exists an ample cotilting module
inducing it, but give an example of a 2-cotilting class which fails this
property.


title: Filtered Colimit Preserving Functors on Models of a Regular Theory

abstract:
  This note recalls the representation of regular theories T in terms of
set-valued functors on models given by Makkai(1990), and explicitly states the
representation theorem for the classifying topos Set[T] in terms of filtered
colimit preserving functors which can be extrapolated from the results of that
paper. That representation of Set[T] is then compared with topological
representations in the style of Butz and Moerdijk(1998) by showing that for a
certain natural topology on the space of models, preserving filtered colimits
is the same thing as being `continuous' in the sense of being an equivariant
sheaf. By using a slight variation of the topology originally presented in op.
cit., we obtain from this comparison a representation of Set[T] in terms of a
topological category of models and homomorphisms, where the restricted
topological groupoid of models and isomorphisms classifies a different
(non-regular) theory.


title:
Structure of the eigenfrequencies parameter space for the system of
  dissipatively coupled oscillators

abstract:
  Structure of the eigenfrequencies parameter space for three and four
dissipatively coupled van der Pol oscillators is discussed. Situations of
different codimension relating to the configuration of the full synchronization
area as well as a picture of different modes in its neighborhood are revealed.
The organization of quasi-periodic areas of different dimensions is considered.
The results for the phase model and for the original system are compared.


title: A Fast and Simple Algorithm for Detecting Large Scale Structures

abstract:
  Aims: we propose a gravitational potential method (GPM) as a supercluster
finder based on the analysis of the local gravitational potential distribution
measured by fast and simple algorithm applied to a spatial distribution of mass
tracers. Methodology: the GPM performs a two-step exploratory data analysis:
first, it measures the comoving local gravitational potential generated by
neighboring mass tracers at the position of a test point-like mass tracer. The
computation extended to all mass tracers of the sample provides a detailed map
of the negative potential fluctuations. The most negative gravitational
potential is provided by the highest mass density or, in other words, the
deeper is a potential fluctuations in a certain region of space and denser are
the mass tracers in that region. Therefore, from a smoothed potential
distribution, the deepest potential well detects unambiguously a high
concentration in the mass tracer distribution. Second, applying a density
contrast criterion to that mass concentration, a central bound core may be
identify and quantify in terms of memberships and total mass. Results: using a
complete volume-limited sample of galaxy clusters, a huge concentration of
galaxy clusters has been detected. In its central region, 35 clusters seem to
form a massive and bound core enclosed in a spherical volume of 51 Mpc radius.
Conclusions: the substantial agreement of our findings compared with those
obtained by different methodologies, confirms the GPM as a straightforward and
powerful as well as fast cluster finder useful for analyzing large datasets.


title:
Impact of sintering temperature on room temperature magneto-resistive
  and magneto-caloric properties of Pr2/3Sr1/3MnO3

abstract:
  Magneto-resistive and magneto-caloric properties of polycrystalline
Pr2/3Sr1/3MnO3 have been studied as a function of sintering temperature (Ts)
between 1260-1450{\deg}C. Reitveld refinement of their X-ray diffraction (XRD)
patterns confirms their single phase crystalline structure with orthorhombic
Pbnm space group. The point of maximum value of temperature coefficient of
resistance (TCRmax) and Curie temperature (Tc) decreased slightly with Ts.
Magneto-resistance (MR) and magnetic entropy ({\Delta}SM) increased markedly
with sintering temperature. This could be attributed to the observed sharpness
of both the magnetic and resistive transitions due to better grain
connectivity. Optimum results are obtained for the sample with Ts =
1400{\deg}C. MR at Tc of the same is found to be as large as 32% at 1T and 58%
at 5T magnetic fields. The maximum entropy change ({\Delta}SMmax) near its Tc
is 2.3Jkg-1K-1 and 7.8 Jkg-1K-1 upon 1T and 5T fields change respectively.
These characteristics [MR (32% 1T, 58% 5T) and reasonable change in magnetic
entropy (7.8Jkg-1K-1, 5T)] generate possibility that the optimized compound can
be used as a potential magnetic refrigerant close to room temperature.


title:
Translating photobiology to electrophysiology: A brief overview of
  several photobiological processes with accent on electrophysiology

abstract:
  The mini-review gives special attention to holistic approach and mechanisms
of processes. The physical and chemical frames and background for visual
perception and signalling are discussed. Perception of photons by retinal rod
cells is described in more detail starting from photon absorption and
culminating in ion currents. Dark noise and temperature-dependence of
photoreceptor cells are analysed. Perception of polarised light, its effects
and informational importance are discussed based on underlying mechanisms and
specialised morphological structures of biological organisms. Role of
statistics of photons in photoreception is questioned. The review also
pinpoints new and developing directions and raises questions for the future
research.


title: Thin-shell concentration for convex measures

abstract:
  We prove that for $s<0$, $s$-concave measures on ${\mathbb R}^n$ satisfy a
thin shell concentration similar to the log-concave one. It leads to a
Berry-Esseen type estimate for their one dimensional marginal distributions. We
also establish sharp reverse H\"older inequalities for $s$-concave measures.


title: CH2D+, the Search for the Holy Grail

abstract:
  CH2D+, the singly deuterated counterpart of CH3+, offers an alternative way
to mediate formation of deuterated species at temperatures of several tens of
K, as compared to the release of deuterated species from grains. We report a
longstanding observational search for this molecular ion, whose rotational
spectroscopy is not yet completely secure. We summarize the main spectroscopic
properties of this molecule and discuss the chemical network leading to the
formation of CH2D+, with explicit account of the ortho/para forms of H2, H3+
and CH3+. Astrochemical models support the presence of this molecular ion in
moderately warm environments at a marginal level.


title: Formal duality and generalizations of the Poisson summation formula

abstract:
  We study the notion of formal duality introduced by Cohn, Kumar, and
Sch\"urmann in their computational study of energy-minimizing particle
configurations in Euclidean space. In particular, using the Poisson summation
formula we reformulate formal duality as a combinatorial phenomenon in finite
abelian groups. We give new examples related to Gauss sums and make some
progress towards classifying formally dual configurations.


title:
Improved Nb SIS devices for heterodyne mixers between 700 GHz and 1.3
  THz with NbTiN transmission lines using a normal metal energy relaxation
  layer

abstract:
  In this paper we demonstrate experimentally the implementation of a
niobium-trilayer junction with an aluminum-oxide tunnel barrier, embedded in a
high-gap superconducting niobium-titanium-nitride circuit. Previously reported
heating by quasiparticle trapping is removed by inserting a normal metal layer
of gold between the niobium junction and the niobium-titanium-nitride layer. We
analyze in dc-characterization measurements the cooling of the nonequilibrium
quasiparticles in various device geometries having different gold layer
thickness and shape. Our work is concluded with remarks for future heterodyne
mixer experiments using our device technology.


title: The transcendental lattice of the sextic Fermat surface

abstract:
  We prove that the integral polarized Hodge structure on the transcendental
lattice of a sextic Fermat surface is decomposable. This disproves a conjecture
of Kulikov related to a Hodge theoretic approach to proving the irrationality
of the very general cubic fourfold.


title: Structural stability of the inverse limit of endomorphisms

abstract:
  We prove that every endomorphism which satisfies Axiom A and the strong
transversality conditions is $C^1$-inverse limit structurally stable. These
conditions were conjectured to be necessary and sufficient. This result is
applied to the study of unfolding of some homoclinic tangencies. This also
achieves a characterization of $C^1$-inverse limit structurally stable covering
maps.


title: Betti and Tachibana numbers

abstract:
  We present a rough classification of differential forms on a Riemannian
manifold, we consider definitions and properties of conformal Killing forms on
a compact Riemannian manifold and define Tachibana numbers as an analog of the
well known Betti numbers. We state the conditions that characterize these
numbers. In the last section we show connections between the Betti and
Tachibana numbers.


title:
An explicit contextualized hidden variable model replicating an
  indivisible quantum system

abstract:
  Recent experiments and theory have further illuminated the concept of
"quantum contextuality". In this paper we take an inequality - the Pentagram
(or KCBS) inequality, which is violated by an unentangled spin-1 system - and
given a relaxed assumption of non-contextuality show that a hidden variable
model may be constructed that replicates exactly the quantum bound. This is in
contrast to the case of an entangled pair of spin-1/2 particles where a similar
relaxation of the assumption of locality does not lead to a replication of the
quantum bound. Some reasons are proposed for why this may be the case.


title:
Evaluation Measures for Hierarchical Classification: a unified view and
  novel approaches

abstract:
  Hierarchical classification addresses the problem of classifying items into a
hierarchy of classes. An important issue in hierarchical classification is the
evaluation of different classification algorithms, which is complicated by the
hierarchical relations among the classes. Several evaluation measures have been
proposed for hierarchical classification using the hierarchy in different ways.
This paper studies the problem of evaluation in hierarchical classification by
analyzing and abstracting the key components of the existing performance
measures. It also proposes two alternative generic views of hierarchical
evaluation and introduces two corresponding novel measures. The proposed
measures, along with the state-of-the art ones, are empirically tested on three
large datasets from the domain of text classification. The empirical results
illustrate the undesirable behavior of existing approaches and how the proposed
methods overcome most of these methods across a range of cases.


title:
Giant Faraday rotation due to excitation of magnetoplasmons in graphene
  microribbons

abstract:
  A single graphene sheet, when subjected to a perpendicular static magnetic
field provides Faraday rotation that, per atomic layer, greatly surpasses that
of any other known material. This Giant Faraday rotation originates from the
cyclotron resonance of massless electrons, which allows dynamical tuning
through either external electrostatic or magnetostatic setting. Furthermore,
the rotation direction can be controlled by changing the sign of the carriers
in graphene, which can be done by means of an external electric field. However,
despite these tuning possibilities, the requirement of large magnetic fields
hinders application of the Faraday effect in real devices, especially for
frequencies higher than few THz. In this work we demonstrate that, for a given
value of the static external magnetic field, giant Faraday rotation can be
achieved in arrays of graphene microribbons at frequencies much higher than the
corresponding cyclotron frequency. The main feature in the magneto-optical
response of graphene ribbons is not associated with the cyclotron resonance but
rather with the fundamental magnetoplasmon excitation of a single ribbon. The
magnetoplasmon nature of Faraday rotation in graphene ribbons opens great
possibilities, as the resonance frequency can be locally selected by
appropriately choosing the width of the ribbon while still preserving the
tuning capability through a (smaller) external magnetic field.


title:
Low-dimensional physics of ultracold gases with bound states and the
  sine-Gordon model

abstract:
  One-dimensional systems of interacting atoms are an ideal laboratory to study
the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition. In the renormalization group picture
there is essentially a two-parameter phase diagram to explore. We first present
how detailed experiments have shown direct evidence for the theoretical
treatment of this transition. Then generalization to the case of two-component
systems with bound state formation is discussed. Trimer formation in the
asymmetric attractive Hubbard model involve in a crucial way this kind of
physics.


title:
Simultaneous Discrimination Prevention and Privacy Protection in Data
  Publishing and Mining

abstract:
  Data mining is an increasingly important technology for extracting useful
knowledge hidden in large collections of data. There are, however, negative
social perceptions about data mining, among which potential privacy violation
and potential discrimination. Automated data collection and data mining
techniques such as classification have paved the way to making automated
decisions, like loan granting/denial, insurance premium computation. If the
training datasets are biased in what regards discriminatory attributes like
gender, race, religion, discriminatory decisions may ensue. In the first part
of this thesis, we tackle discrimination prevention in data mining and propose
new techniques applicable for direct or indirect discrimination prevention
individually or both at the same time. We discuss how to clean training
datasets and outsourced datasets in such a way that direct and/or indirect
discriminatory decision rules are converted to legitimate (non-discriminatory)
classification rules. In the second part of this thesis, we argue that privacy
and discrimination risks should be tackled together. We explore the
relationship between privacy preserving data mining and discrimination
prevention in data mining to design holistic approaches capable of addressing
both threats simultaneously during the knowledge discovery process. As part of
this effort, we have investigated for the first time the problem of
discrimination and privacy aware frequent pattern discovery, i.e. the
sanitization of the collection of patterns mined from a transaction database in
such a way that neither privacy-violating nor discriminatory inferences can be
inferred on the released patterns. Moreover, we investigate the problem of
discrimination and privacy aware data publishing, i.e. transforming the data,
instead of patterns, in order to simultaneously fulfill privacy preservation
and discrimination prevention.


title:
Decay dynamics and exciton localization in large GaAs quantum dots grown
  by droplet epitaxy

abstract:
  We investigate the optical emission and decay dynamics of excitons confined
in large strain-free GaAs quantum dots grown by droplet epitaxy. From
time-resolved measurements combined with a theoretical model we show that
droplet-epitaxy quantum dots have a quantum efficiency of about 75% and an
oscillator strength between 8 and 10. The quantum dots are found to be fully
described by a model for strongly-confined excitons, in contrast to the
theoretical prediction that excitons in large quantum dots exhibit the
so-called giant oscillator strength. We attribute these findings to localized
ground-state excitons in potential minima created by material intermixing
during growth. We provide further evidence for the strong-confinement regime of
excitons by extracting the size of electron and hole wavefunctions from the
phonon-broadened photoluminescence spectra. Furthermore, we explore the
temperature dependence of the decay dynamics and, for some quantum dots,
observe a pronounced reduction in the effective transition strength with
temperature. We quantify and explain these effects as being an intrinsic
property of large quantum dots owing to thermal excitation of the ground-state
exciton. Our results provide a detailed understanding of the optical properties
of large quantum dots in general, and of quantum dots grown by droplet epitaxy
in particular.


title:
Distributed Solutions for Loosely Coupled Feasibility Problems Using
  Proximal Splitting Methods

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider convex feasibility problems where the underlying
sets are loosely coupled, and we propose several algorithms to solve such
problems in a distributed manner. These algorithms are obtained by applying
proximal splitting methods to convex minimization reformulations of convex
feasibility problems. We also put forth distributed convergence tests which
enable us to establish feasibility or infeasibility of the problem
distributedly, and we provide convergence rate results. Under the assumption
that the problem is feasible and boundedly linearly regular, these convergence
results are given in terms of the distance of the iterates to the feasible set,
which are similar to those of classical projection methods. In case the
feasibility problem is infeasible, we provide convergence rate results that
concern the convergence of certain error-bounds.


title: Charmed mesons and leptons from semileptonic decays at the LHC

abstract:
  We discuss production of charmed mesons as well as electrons/muons from
semileptonic decays of charm and bottom mesons in proton-proton collisions at
the LHC. The cross section for inclusive production of $c \bar c$ and $b \bar
b$ pairs is calculated in the framework of the $k_{\perp}$-factorization
approach. Here, the KMR and Jung CCFM unintegrated gluon distribution functions
are used. Theoretical uncertainties of the model related to the choice of
renormalization and factorization scales as well as due to the quark mass are
also discussed. The hadronization of charm and bottom quarks is included within
the fragmentation functions technique. Inclusive differential distributions in
transverse momentum of charmed mesons are presented and compared to recent
results of the ALICE collaboration. Furthermore, we also consider production of
different $D \bar D$ pairs in unique kinematics of forward rapidities of the
LHCb experiment. Kinematical correlations in azimuthal angle $\varphi_{D\bar
D}$ and invariant mass $M_{D \bar D}$ distributions are presented and compared
to LHCb data. Furthermore, the semileptonic decays of charm and bottom mesons
are done with the help of decay functions found by fitting recent semileptonic
data obtained by the CLEO and BABAR collaborations. Inclusive differential
distributions in transverse momentum of leptons for several kinematical regions
are presented and compared to recent results of the ALICE and CMS
collaborations.


title:
On asymptotic expansions of oscillating solutions of quasilinear
  ordinary differential equations systems

abstract:
  The existence of a formal particular solution (family of solutions) of
oscillating type under certain conditions has been proved for the quasi-linear
ordinary differential equations system. The asymptotic nature of this solution
(the family of solutions) is investigated in two individual cases when all the
eigenvalues of the matrix of the linear homogeneous part of the shorten system
of differential equations 1) are not pure imaginary, 2) are simple and under
some additional assumptions.


title:
Geodesic mappings of (pseudo-) Riemannian manifolds preserve the class
  of differentiability

abstract:
  In this paper we prove that geodesic mappings of (pseudo-) Riemannian
manifolds preserve the class of differentiability \hbox{$(C^r, r\geq1)$}. Also,
if the Einstein space $V_n$ admits a non trivial geodesic mapping onto a
\hbox{(pseudo-)} Riemannian manifold $\bar V_n\in C^1$, then $\bar V_n$ is an
Einstein space.
  If a four-dimensional Einstein space with non constant curvature globally
admits a geodesic mapping onto a (pseudo-) Riemannian manifold $\bar V_4\in
C^1$, then the mapping is affine and, moreover, if the scalar curvature is non
vanishing, then the mapping is homothetic, i.e. $\bar g={\rm const}\cdot g$.


title: Involutive Bases Algorithm Incorporating F5 Criterion

abstract:
  Faugere's F5 algorithm is the fastest known algorithm to compute Groebner
bases. It has a signature-based and an incremental structure that allow to
apply the F5 criterion for deletion of unnecessary reductions. In this paper,
we present an involutive completion algorithm which outputs a minimal
involutive basis. Our completion algorithm has a nonincremental structure and
in addition to the involutive form of Buchberger's criteria it applies the F5
criterion whenever this criterion is applicable in the course of completion to
involution. In doing so, we use the G2V form of the F5 criterion developed by
Gao, Guan and Volny IV. To compare the proposed algorithm, via a set of
benchmarks, with the Gerdt-Blinkov involutive algorithm (which does not apply
the F5 criterion) we use implementations of both algorithms done on the same
platform in Maple.


title: Epidemics in Multipartite Networks: Emergent Dynamics

abstract:
  Single virus epidemics over complete networks are widely explored in the
literature as the fraction of infected nodes is, under appropriate microscopic
modeling of the virus infection, a Markov process. With non-complete networks,
this macroscopic variable is no longer Markov. In this paper, we study virus
diffusion, in particular, multi-virus epidemics, over non-complete stochastic
networks. We focus on multipartite networks. In companying work
http://arxiv.org/abs/1306.6198, we show that the peer-to-peer local random
rules of virus infection lead, in the limit of large multipartite networks, to
the emergence of structured dynamics at the macroscale. The exact fluid limit
evolution of the fraction of nodes infected by each virus strain across islands
obeys a set of nonlinear coupled differential equations, see
http://arxiv.org/abs/1306.6198. In this paper, we develop methods to analyze
the qualitative behavior of these limiting dynamics, establishing conditions on
the virus micro characteristics and network structure under which a virus
persists or a natural selection phenomenon is observed.


title:
Opinion dynamics model with weighted influence: Exit probability and
  dynamics

abstract:
  We introduce a stochastic model of binary opinion dynamics in which the
opinions are determined by the size of the neighbouring domains. The exit
probability here shows a step function behaviour indicating the existence of a
separatrix distinguishing two different regions of basin of attraction. This
behaviour, in one dimension, is in contrast to other well known opinion
dynamics models where no such behaviour has been observed so far. The
coarsening study of the model also yields novel exponent values. A lower value
of persistence exponent is obtained in the present model, which involves
stochastic dynamics, when compared to that in a similar type of model with
deterministic dynamics. This apparently counter-intuitive result is justified
using further analysis. Based on these results it is concluded that the
proposed model belongs to a unique dynamical class.


title:
A Partial-Wave Analysis of Centrally Produced Two-Pseudoscalar Final
  States in pp Reactions at COMPASS

abstract:
  COMPASS is a fixed-target experiment at CERN SPS which focused on light-quark
hadron spectroscopy during the data taking in 2008 and 2009. A world-leading
data set was collected with a 190GeV/c hadron beam impinging on a liquid
hydrogen target in order to study the central production of glueball
candidates.
  In this report, we motivate double-Pomeron exchange as a relevant production
process for mesons without valence quark content. We select a centrally
produced sample from the COMPASS data set recorded with a proton beam and
introduce a decomposition into partial waves. Particular attention is paid to
inherent mathematical ambiguities in the amplitude analysis of two-pseudoscalar
final states. Furthermore, we show a simple parametrisation for the centrally
produced K+K- system which can describe the mass dependence of the fit results
with sensible Breit-Wigner parameters.


title: Distributed Greedy Pursuit Algorithms

abstract:
  For compressed sensing over arbitrarily connected networks, we consider the
problem of estimating underlying sparse signals in a distributed manner. We
introduce a new signal model that helps to describe inter-signal correlation
among connected nodes. Based on this signal model along with a brief survey of
existing greedy algorithms, we develop distributed greedy algorithms with low
communication overhead. Incorporating appropriate modifications, we design two
new distributed algorithms where the local algorithms are based on
appropriately modified existing orthogonal matching pursuit and subspace
pursuit. Further, by combining advantages of these two local algorithms, we
design a new greedy algorithm that is well suited for a distributed scenario.
By extensive simulations we demonstrate that the new algorithms in a sparsely
connected network provide good performance, close to the performance of a
centralized greedy solution.


title:
Entanglement of four qubit systems: a geometric atlas with polynomial
  compass I (the finite world)

abstract:
  We investigate the geometry of the four qubit systems by means of algebraic
geometry and invariant theory, which allows us to interpret certain entangled
states as algebraic varieties. More precisely we describe the nullcone, i.e.,
the set of states annihilated by all invariant polynomials, and also the so
called third secant variety, which can be interpreted as the generalization of
GHZ-states for more than three qubits. All our geometric descriptions go along
with algorithms which allow us to identify any given state in the nullcone or
in the third secant variety as a point of one of the 47 varieties described in
the paper. These 47 varieties correspond to 47 non-equivalent entanglement
patterns, which reduce to 15 different classes if we allow permutations of the
qubits.

categories: math-ph math.AG math.MP math.RT quant-ph


title: A generalized integrability problem for G-Structures

abstract:
  Given an $\widetilde n$-dimensional manifold $\widetilde M$ equipped with a
$\widetilde G$-structure $\widetilde\pi:\widetilde P\rightarrow \widetilde M$,
there is a naturally induced $G$-structure $\pi: P\rightarrow M$ on any
submanifold $M\subset\widetilde M$ that satisfies appropriate regularity
conditions. We study generalized integrability problems for a given
$G$-structure $\pi: P\rightarrow M$, namely the questions of whether it is
locally equivalent to induced $G$-structures on regular submanifolds of
homogeneous $\widetilde G$-structures $\widetilde\pi:\widetilde P\to
\widetilde{H}/\widetilde{K}$. If $\widetilde\pi:\widetilde P\to
\widetilde{H}/\widetilde{K}$ is flat $k$-reductive we introduce a sequence of
generalized curvatures taking values in appropriate cohomology groups and prove
that the vanishing of these curvatures are necessary and sufficient conditions
for the solution of the corresponding generalized integrability problems.


title: Tetrahedral Elliptic Curves and the local-global principle for Isogenies

abstract:
  We study the failure of a local-global principle for the existence of
$l$-isogenies for elliptic curves over number fields $K$. Sutherland has shown
that over $\mathbb{Q}$ there is just one failure, which occurs for $l=7$ and a
unique $j$-invariant, and has given a classification of such failures when $K$
does not contain the quadratic subfield of the $l$'th cyclotomic field. In this
paper we provide a classification of failures for number fields which do
contain this quadratic field, and we find a new `exceptional' source of such
failures arising from the exceptional subgroups of
$\mbox{PGL}_2(\mathbb{F}_l)$. By constructing models of two modular curves,
$X_{\text{s}}(5)$ and $X_{S_4}(13)$, we find two new families of elliptic
curves for which the principle fails, and we show that, for quadratic fields,
there can be no other exceptional failures.


title: Exclusive diffractive photon bremsstrahlung at high energies

abstract:
  We discuss the $p p \to p p \gamma$ reaction at the LHC. We consider
diffractive classical bremsstrahlung mechanisms including effects of non
point-like nature of protons. In addition, we take into account (vector
meson)-pomeron, photon-pion as well as photon-pomeron exchange processes for
the first time in the literature. The integrated diffractive bremsstrahlung
cross section ($E_{\gamma}>100$ GeV) is only of the order of $\mu$b. We try to
identify regions of the phase space where one of the mechanisms dominates. The
classical bremsstrahlung dominates at large forward/backward photon
pseudorapidities, close to the pseudorapidities of scattered protons. In
contrast, the photon-pomeron (pomeron-photon) mechanism dominates at
midrapidities but the related cross section is rather small. In comparison the
virtual-omega--rescattering mechanism contributes at smaller angles of photons
(larger photon rapidities).


title: Eine Charakterisierung der Matlis-reflexiven Moduln

abstract:
  Let $(R,\my)$ be a noetherian local ring, $E$ the injective hull of $k=R/\my$
and $M^\circ=$ Hom$_R(M,E)$ the Matlis dual of the $R$-module $M$. If the
canonical monomorphism $\varphi: M \to \moo$ is surjective, $M$ is known to be
called (Matlis-)reflexive. With the help of the Bass numbers
$\mu(\py,M)=\dim_{\kappa(\py)}($Hom$_R(R/\py,M)_\py)$ of $M$ with respect to
$\py$ we show: $M$ is reflexive if and only if $\mu(\py,M)=\mu(\py,\moo)$ for
all $\py \in $ Spec$(R)$. From this it follows for every $R$-module $M$: If
there exists a monomorphism $\moo \hookrightarrow M$ or an epimorphism $M
\twoheadrightarrow \moo$, then $M$ is already reflexive.


title: Mixed finite elements for elasticity on quadrilateral meshes

abstract:
  We present stable mixed finite elements for planar linear elasticity on
general quadrilateral meshes. The symmetry of the stress tensor is imposed
weakly and so there are three primary variables, the stress tensor, the
displacement vector field, and the scalar rotation. We develop and analyze a
stable family of methods, indexed by an integer $r \geq 2$ and with rate of
convergence in the $L^2$ norm of order $r$ for all the variables. The methods
use Raviart-Thomas elements for the stress, piecewise tensor product
polynomials for the displacement, and piecewise polynomials for the rotation.
We also present a simple first order element, not belonging to this family. It
uses the lowest order BDM elements for the stress, and piecewise constants for
the displacement and rotation, and achieves first order convergence for all
three variables.


title: Lipschitz metric for the two-component Camassa--Holm system

abstract:
  We construct a Lipschitz metric for conservative solutions of the Cauchy
problem on the line for the two-component Camassa--Holm system
$u_t-u_{txx}+3uu_x-2u_xu_{xx}-uu_{xxx}+\rho\rho_x=0$, and $\rho_t+(u\rho)_x=0$
with given initial data $(u_0, \rho_0)$. The Lipschitz metric $d_{\D^M}$ has
the property that for two solutions $z(t)=(u(t),\rho(t),\mu_t)$ and $\tilde
z(t)=(\tilde u(t),\tilde \rho(t),\tilde \mu_t)$ of the system we have
$d_{\D^M}(z(t),\tilde z(t))\le C_{M,T} d_{\D^M}(z_0,\tilde z_0)$ for
$t\in[0,T]$. Here the measure $\mu_t$ is such that its absolutely continuous
part equals the energy $(u^2+u_x^2+\rho^2)(t)dx$, and the solutions are
restricted to a ball of radius $M$.


title: Diffractive mechanisms in $pp \to pp \pi^{0}$ reaction at high energies

abstract:
  We present a study of exclusive production of $\pi^{0}$ meson in
proton-proton collisions at high energies. Both diffractive bremsstrahlung
(Drell-Hiida-Deck type model), photon-photon, photon-omega and photon-odderon
exchange mechanisms are included in the calculation. The
$\pi^{0}$-bremsstrahlung contribution dominates at large (forward, backward)
pion rapidities and contributes at small $\pi^0 p$ invariant mass and could be
therefore misinterpreted as the Roper resonance $N^{*}(1440)$. Large cross
sections of the order of mb are predicted. We predict strong dependence of the
slope in $t$ (squared four-momentum transfer between ingoing and outgoing
proton) on the mass of the supplementary excited $\pi^{0} p$ system. At high
energy and midrapidity, the photon-photon contribution dominates over the
diffractive components, however, the corresponding cross section is rather
small. The photon-odderon and odderon-photon contributions are included in
addition and first estimates (upper limits) of their contributions are
presented. We suggest a search for the odderon contribution at midrapidity and
at $p_{\perp,\pi^{0}} \sim$ 0.5 GeV. Our predictions are ready for verification
at LHC. The bremsstrahlung mechanisms discussed here contribute also to the $pp
\to p(n \pi^{+})$ reaction. Both channels give a sizable contribution to the
low-mass single diffractive cross section and must be included in extrapolating
the measured experimental single diffractive cross section.


title: From dia- to paramagnetic orbital susceptibility of Dirac cones

abstract:
  We study the orbital susceptibility of coupled energy bands with a pair of
Dirac points, as in graphene. We show that different systems having the same
zero-field energy spectrum exhibit strong differences in their orbital magnetic
response at zero energy, ranging from diamagnetism (graphene) to paramagnetism
(dice lattice). A lattice model is introduced which interpolates continuously
between these two limits. This striking behavior is related to a Berry phase
varying continuously from pi to 0. These predictions could be tested with cold
atoms in an optical lattice


title: SUGRA New Inflation with Heisenberg Symmetry

abstract:
  We propose a realisation of 'new inflation' in supergravity (SUGRA), where
the flatness of the inflaton potential is protected by a Heisenberg symmetry.
Inflation can be associated with a particle physics phase transition, with the
inflaton being a (D-flat) direction of Higgs fields which break some symmetry
at high energies, e.g. of GUT Higgs fields or of Higgs fields for flavour
symmetry breaking. This is possible since compared to a shift symmetry, which
is usually used to protect a flat inflaton potential, the Heisenberg symmetry
is compatible with a (gauge) non-singlet inflaton field. In contrast to
conventional new inflation models in SUGRA, where the predictions depend on
unknown parameters of the K"ahler potential, the model with Heisenberg symmetry
makes discrete predictions for the primordial perturbation parameters which
depend only on the order n at which the inflaton appears in the effective
superpotential. The predictions for the spectral index n_s can be close to the
best-fit value of the latest Planck 2013 results.


title: Quantum control robust with coupling with an external environment

abstract:
  We study coherent quantum control strategy which is robust with respect to
coupling with an external environment. We model this interaction by appending
an additional subsystem to the initial system and we choose the strength of the
coupling to be proportional to the magnitude of the control pulses. Therefore,
to minimize the interaction we impose $L_1$ norm restrictions on the control
pulses. In order to efficiently solve this optimization problem we employ the
BFGS algorithm. We use three different functions as the derivative of the $L1$
norm of control pulses: the signum function, a fractional derivative
$\frac{\dd^\alpha |x|}{\dd x^\alpha}$, where $0<\alpha<1$, and the Fermi-Dirac
distribution. We show that our method allows to efficiently obtain the control
pulses which neglect the coupling with an external environment.


title: Diffractive production of quark-antiquark pairs

abstract:
  We discuss diffractive dissociation of gluons into heavy quark pairs. The
particular mechanism is similar to the diffractive dissociation of virtual
photons into quarks. The amplitude for the $g p \to Q \bar Q p$ is derived in
the impact parameter and momentum space. The cross section for single
diffractive $p p \to Q \bar Q p X$ is calculated as a convolution of the
elementary cross section and gluon distribution in the proton. Integrated cross
section and differential distributions in transverse momentum and rapidity of
the charm and bottom quark and antiquark, etc. are calculated for the nominal
LHC energy for different unintegrated gluon distributions from the literature.
The ratio of the bottom-to-charm cross sections are shown and discussed as a
function of several kinematical variables.


title: A Shell Theory for Chiral Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

abstract:
  In this paper, we propose a characterization of the mechanical response of
the linearly elastic shell we associate to a single-wall carbon nanotube of
arbitrary chirality. In Bajaj et al. 2013, we gave such a characterization in
the case of zigzag and armchair nanotubes; in particular, we showed that the
orthotropic response we postulated for the associated shells is to become
isotropic in the graphene-limit, that is, when the shell radius grows bigger
and bigger. Here we give an explicit recipe to construct the generally
anisotropic response of the shell associated to a nanotube of any chirality in
terms of the response of the shell associated to a related zigzag or armchair
nanotube. The expected coupling of mechanical effects that anisotropy entrains
is demonstrated in the case of a torsion problem, where the axial extension
accompanying twist is determined analytically and found in good agreement with
the available experimental data.


title: Doubling of Entanglement Spectrum in Tensor Renormalization Group

abstract:
  We investigate the entanglement spectrum in HOTRG ---tensor renormalization
group (RG) method combined with the higher order singular value
decomposition--- for two-dimensional (2D) classical vertex models. In the
off-critical region, it is explained that the entanglement spectrum associated
with the RG transformation is described by `doubling' of the spectrum of a
corner transfer matrix. We then demonstrate that the doubling actually occurs
for the square-lattice Ising model by HOTRG calculations up to $D = 64$, where
$D$ is the cut-off dimension of tensors. At the critical point, we also find
that a non-trivial $D$ scaling behavior appears in the entanglement entropy. We
mention about the HOTRG for the 1D quantum system as well.


title:
Equilibrium intermediate-state patterns in a type-I superconducting slab
  in an arbitrarily oriented applied magnetic field

abstract:
  The equilibrium topology of superconducting and normal domains in flat type-I
superconductors is investigated. Important improvements with respect to
previous work are: (1) the energy of the external magnetic field, as deformed
by the presence of superconducting domains, is calculated in the same way for
three different topologies, and (2) calculations are made for arbitrary
orientation of the applied field. A phase diagram is presented for the
minimum-energy topology as a function of applied field magnitude and angle. For
small (large) applied fields normal (superconducting) tubes are found, while
for intermediate fields parallel domains have a lower energy. The range of
field magnitudes for which the superconducting-tubes structure is favored
shrinks when the field is more in-plane oriented.


title:
Spin-flip transitions and departure from the Rashba model in the Au(111)
  surface

abstract:
  We present a detailed analysis of the spin-flip excitations induced by a
periodic time-dependent electric field in the Rashba prototype Au(111) noble
metal surface. Our calculations incorporate the full spinor structure of the
spin-polarized surface states and employ a Wannier-based scheme for the
spin-flip matrix elements. We find that the spin-flip excitations associated
with the surface states exhibit an important angular modulation which is
completely absent in the standard Rashba model \cite{rashba}. Furthermore, we
demonstrate that the maximum of the calculated spin-flip absorption rate is
about twice the model prediction. These results show that although the Rashba
model accurately describes the spectrum and spin polarization, it does not
fully account for the dynamical properties of the surface states.


title: A general form of Green Formula and Cauchy Integral Theorem

abstract:
  We prove a general form of Green Formula and Cauchy Integral Theorem for
arbitrary closed rectifiable curves in the plane.


title: Are most of the VHE gamma-ray unidentified sources relic PWNe?

abstract:
  The evolution of Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe) plays a crucial role in
interpreting the very high energy (VHE; > 10^11 eV) gamma-ray unidentified
sources; and moreover it represents the only viable option to explain the
discovery of several "dark sources" in the TeV gamma-ray (i.e. VHE gamma-ray
sources without lower energies, radio or X-ray counterparts). The newest
time-dependent modeling of PWNe presented in [1] and [2] has to be tested on a
broader sample of young well-known PWNe and applied to the full-sample of "dark
sources". The consequences of this interpretation go far beyond the
interpretation of "dark sources": e.g. there could be strong implication in the
origin of cosmic rays and (when considering a leptonic origin of the gamma-ray
signal) they can be important for reinterpreting the detection of starburst
galaxies in the TeV gamma-ray band.


title: Social Network Intelligence Analysis to Combat Street Gang Violence

abstract:
  In this paper we introduce the Organization, Relationship, and Contact
Analyzer (ORCA) that is designed to aide intelligence analysis for law
enforcement operations against violent street gangs. ORCA is designed to
address several police analytical needs concerning street gangs using new
techniques in social network analysis. Specifically, it can determine "degree
of membership" for individuals who do not admit to membership in a street gang,
quickly identify sets of influential individuals (under the tipping model), and
identify criminal ecosystems by decomposing gangs into sub-groups. We describe
this software and the design decisions considered in building an intelligence
analysis tool created specifically for countering violent street gangs as well
as provide results based on conducting analysis on real-world police data
provided by a major American metropolitan police department who is partnering
with us and currently deploying this system for real-world use.


title:
Experimental demonstration of an ultra-thin three-dimensional thermal
  cloak

abstract:
  We report the first experimental realization of a three-dimensional thermal
cloak shielding an air bubble in a bulk metal without disturbing external
thermal flux. The cloak is made of a thin layer of homogeneous and isotropic
material with specially designed three-dimensional manufacturing. The thickness
of cloak is 100 um while the cloaked air bubble has a diameter of 1 cm,
achieving the ratio between dimensions of the cloak and the cloaked object two
orders smaller than previous thermal cloaks which were mainly realized in a
two-dimensional geometry. This work can find applications in novel thermal
devices in the three-dimensional physical space.


title: An exact integration of a \phi^4 quantum field theory

abstract:
  Most quantum field theories are not exactly solvable. In this paper show the
statistical equivalence of the standard exponential path integral to products
of Heaviside functions, i.e. a product of specially tuned uniform
distributions. This allows exact integrations of certain quantum field
theories. I apply the equivalence to calculate the exact, non-perturbative path
integral for a 3+1-D scalar (real) phi-4 field theory.


title:
Production of two $c \bar c$ pairs in double-parton scattering within
  $k_t$-factorization

abstract:
  We discuss production of two pairs of $c \bar c$ in proton-proton collisions
at the LHC. Both double-parton scattering (DPS) and single-parton scattering
(SPS) contributions are included in the analysis. Each step of DPS is
calculated within $k_t$-factorization approach. The conditions how to identify
the DPS contribution are presented. The discussed mechanism leads to the
production of pairs of mesons: each containing $c$ quarks or each containing
$\bar c$ antiquarks. We discuss corresponding production rates and some
differential distributions for $(D^0 D^0$ + $\bar D^0 \bar D^0)$ production.
Within large theoretical uncertainties the predicted DPS cross section is
fairly similar to the cross section measured recently by the LHCb
collaboration. The best description is obtained with the Kimber-Martin-Ryskin
(KMR) unintegrated gluon distribution. The contribution of SPS, calculated in
the high-energy approximation, turned out to be rather small. Finally, we
emphasize significant contribution of DPS mechanism to inclusive charmed meson
spectra measured recently by ALICE, ATLAS and LHCb.


title: Backscattering echo of correlated wave packets

abstract:
  We present an analytical theory describing a novel phenomenon of enhanced
backscattering corresponding to the spatial refocussing of a spread-out
correlated wave packet due to a brief interaction with a disordered potential.
Our theory is validated by numerical simulations and explains the physics
observed in recent experiments on cold atom transport in disorder.


title:
W3-Scrape - A Windows based Reconnaissance Tool for Web Application
  Fingerprinting

abstract:
  Web Application finger printing is a quintessential part of the Information
Gathering phase of (ethical) hacking. It allows narrowing down the specifics
instead of looking for all clues. Also an application that has been correctly
recognized can help in quickly analyzing known weaknesses and then moving ahead
with remaining aspects. This step is also essential to allow a pen tester to
customize its payload or exploitation techniques based on the identification so
to increase the chances of successful intrusion. This paper presents a new tool
"W3-Scrape" for the relatively nascent field of Web Application finger printing
that helps automate web application fingerprinting when performed in the
current scenarios.


title:
Relativistic effects and fully spin-polarized Fermi surface at the
  Tl/Si(111) surface

abstract:
  We present a detailed analysis of the relativistic electronic structure and
the momentum dependent spin-polarization of the Tl/Si(111) surface. Our first
principle calculations reveal the existence of fully spin-polarized electron
pockets associated to the huge spin-splitting of metallic surface bands. The
calculated spin-polarization shows a very complex structure in the reciprocal
space, strongly departing from simple theoretical model approximations.
Interestingly, the electronic spin-state close to the Fermi surface is
polarized along the surface perpendicular direction and reverses its
orientation between different electron pockets.


title: Understanding the effect resonant magnetic perturbations have on ELMs

abstract:
  All current estimations of the energy released by type I ELMs indicate that,
in order to ensure an adequate lifetime of the divertor targets on ITER, a
mechanism is required to decrease the amount of energy released by an ELM, or
to eliminate ELMs altogether. One such amelioration mechanism relies on
perturbing the magnetic field in the edge plasma region, either leading to more
frequent, smaller ELMs (ELM mitigation) or ELM suppression. This technique of
Resonant Magnetic Perturbations (RMPs) has been employed to suppress type I
ELMs at high collisionality/density on DIII-D, ASDEX Upgrade, KSTAR and JET and
at low collisionality on DIII-D. At ITER-like collisionality the RMPs enhance
the transport of particles or energy and keep the edge pressure gradient below
the 2D linear ideal MHD critical value that would trigger an ELM, whereas at
high collisionality/density the type I ELMs are replaced by small type II ELMs.
Although ELM suppression only occurs within limitied operational ranges, ELM
mitigation is much more easily achieved. The exact parameters that determine
the onset of ELM suppression are unknown but in all cases the magnetic
perturbations produce 3D distortions to the plasma and enhanced particle
transport. The incorporation of these 3D effects in codes will be essential in
order to make quantitative predictions for future devices.


title:
New Mathematical and Algorithmic Schemes for Pattern Classification with
  Application to the Identification of Writers of Important Ancient Documents

abstract:
  In this paper, a novel approach is introduced for classifying curves into
proper families, according to their similarity. First, a mathematical quantity
we call plane curvature is introduced and a number of propositions are stated
and proved. Proper similarity measures of two curves are introduced and a
subsequent statistical analysis is applied. First, the efficiency of the curve
fitting process has been tested on 2 shapes datasets of reference. Next, the
methodology has been applied to the very important problem of classifying 23
Byzantine codices and 46 Ancient inscriptions to their writers, thus achieving
correct dating of their content. The inscriptions have been attributed to ten
individual hands and the Byzantine codices to four writers.


title: Error AMP Chain Graphs

abstract:
  Any regular Gaussian probability distribution that can be represented by an
AMP chain graph (CG) can be expressed as a system of linear equations with
correlated errors whose structure depends on the CG. However, the CG represents
the errors implicitly, as no nodes in the CG correspond to the errors. We
propose in this paper to add some deterministic nodes to the CG in order to
represent the errors explicitly. We call the result an EAMP CG. We will show
that, as desired, every AMP CG is Markov equivalent to its corresponding EAMP
CG under marginalization of the error nodes. We will also show that every EAMP
CG under marginalization of the error nodes is Markov equivalent to some LWF CG
under marginalization of the error nodes, and that the latter is Markov
equivalent to some directed and acyclic graph (DAG) under marginalization of
the error nodes and conditioning on some selection nodes. This is important
because it implies that the independence model represented by an AMP CG can be
accounted for by some data generating process that is partially observed and
has selection bias. Finally, we will show that EAMP CGs are closed under
marginalization. This is a desirable feature because it guarantees parsimonious
models under marginalization.


title:
Saturation Of Optimal Entropic Resonance Limits In Pion-Nucleus
  Scattering In $\Delta (1236)$-Elementary Resonance Region

abstract:
  In this paper, it is shown that the experimental values of the nonextensive
scattering entropies $S_L (p)$ and $S_\theta (q)$ for the pion-nucleus ($\pi^0
He, \pi^0 C, \pi^0 O, \pi^0 Ca$) scatterings, in the energy region
corresponding to $\Delta (1236)$ resonance in the elementary pion-nucleon
interaction, are well described by the entropic optimal resonance predictions
$S_L^o1 (p)$ and $S_\theta^o1 (q)$ and when the nonextensivities indices are
correlated by a Riesz-Thorin-like relation: 1/2p+1/2q=1.


title: A quest for activity cycles in low mass stars

abstract:
  Long-term photometric measurements in a sample of ultrashort-period (P~0.5
days or less) single and binary stars of different interior structures are
analysed. A loose correlation exists between the rotational rate and cycle
lengths of active stars, regardless of their evolutionary state and the
corresponding physical parameters. The shortest cycles are expected on the
fastest rotators in the order of 1-2 years, which is reported in this paper.


title: Sub-barrier fusion enhancement with radioactive 134Te

abstract:
  The fusion cross sections of radioactive $^{134}$Te + $^{40}$Ca were measured
at energies above and below the Coulomb barrier. The evaporation residues
produced in the reaction were detected in a zero-degree ionization chamber
providing high efficiency for inverse kinematics. Both coupled-channel
calculations and comparison with similar Sn+Ca systems indicate an increased
sub-barrier fusion probability that is correlated with the presence of positive
Q-value neutron transfer channels. In comparison, the measured fusion
excitation functions of $^{130}$Te + $^{58,64}$Ni, which have positive Q-value
neutron transfer channels, were accurately reproduced by coupled-channel
calculations including only inelastic excitations. The results demonstrate that
the coupling of transfer channels can lead to enhanced sub-barrier fusion but
this is not directly correlated with positive Q-value neutron transfer channels
in all cases.


title:
Complexes of groups and geometric small cancellation over graphs of
  groups

abstract:
  We explain and generalise a construction due to Gromov to realise geometric
small cancellation groups over graphs of groups as fundamental groups of
non-positively curved 2-dimensional complexes of groups. We then give
conditions so that the hyperbolicity and some finiteness properties of the
small cancellation quotient can be deduced from analogous properties for the
local groups of the initial graph of groups.


title: Tensor optimisation for optical-interferometric imaging

abstract:
  Image recovery in optical interferometry is an ill-posed nonlinear inverse
problem arising from incomplete power spectrum and bispectrum measurements. We
reformulate this nonlin- ear problem as a linear problem for the supersymmetric
rank-1 order-3 tensor formed by the tensor product of the vector representing
the image under scrutiny with itself. On one hand, we propose a linear convex
approach for tensor recovery with built-in supersymmetry, and regularising the
inverse problem through a nuclear norm relaxation of a low-rank constraint. On
the other hand, we also study a nonlinear nonconvex approach with built-in
rank-1 con- straint but where supersymmetry is relaxed, formulating the problem
for the tensor product of 3 vectors. In this second approach, only linear
convex minimisation subproblems are how- ever solved, alternately and
iteratively for the 3 vectors. We provide a comparative analysis of these two
novel approaches through numerical simulations on small-size images.


title: A unified solution to the anisotropy and gradient problems

abstract:
  The Fermi-LAT collaboration recently confirmed a discrepancy between the
observed longitudinal profile of gamma-ray diffuse emission from the Galaxy and
that computed with numerical codes assuming that Cosmic Rays (CRs) are produced
by Galactic supernova remnants; the accurate Fermi-LAT measurements make this
anomaly hardly explainable in terms of conventional diffusion schemes.
Moreover, experimental data from both Muon detector and Extensive Air Shower
experiments about the large scale dipole anisotropy of CRs can hardly be
compatible with model predictions within the framework of conventional
isotropic and homogeneous propagation. We argue that, accounting for a well
physically motivated correlation between the CR escape time and the spatially
dependent magnetic turbulence power, it is possible to solve both problems at
the same time in a very natural way. Indeed, by exploiting this correlation, we
find propagation models that fit a wide set of CR primary and secondary
spectra, and consistently reproduce the CR anisotropy in the energy range 100
GeV - 10 TeV and the gamma-ray longitude distribution recently measured by
Fermi-LAT.


title: Three dimensional modeling of CR propagation

abstract:
  We present here a major upgrade of DRAGON, a numerical package that computes
the propagation of a wide set of CR species from both astrophysical and exotic
origin in the Galaxy in a wide energy range from tens of MeV to tens of TeV.
DRAGON takes into account all relevant processes in particular diffusion,
convection, reacceleration, fragmentation and energy losses. For the first
time, we present a full 3D version of DRAGON with anisotropic
position-dependent diffusion. In this version, the propagation is calculated
within a 3D cartesian grid and the user is able to implement realistic and
structured three dimensional source, gas and regular magnetic field
distributions. Moreover, it is possible to specify an arbitrary function of
position and rigidity for the diffusion coefficients in the parallel and
perpendicular direction to the regular magnetic field of the Galaxy. The code
opens many new possibilities in the study of CR physics. In particular, we can
study for the first time the impact of the spiral arm structure on the leptonic
spectra: taking into account the fact that we live in an interarm region, far
from most sources, we obtain - due to increased energy losses - a steeper
electron spectrum compared to the assumption of a smooth source term. We
discuss the implications of these results on our understanding on leptonic
spectra and we briefly mention future studies that can be performed with our
new 3D code.


title: S-duality invariant dilaton couplings at order $\alpha'^3$

abstract:
  The Riemann curvature correction to the type II supergravity at
eight-derivative level is given schematically as
$(t_8t_8+{1}{8}\eps_{10}\eps_{10})R^4$ at tree-level. The replacement of the
generalized Riemann curvature in $t_8t_8R^4$, proposed by Gross and Sloan,
produces various NS-NS couplings which are invariant under T-duality. Recently,
using the combination of S-duality and T-duality transformations on these
couplings, we have found groups of couplings which are invariant under the
S-duality transformation. In this paper, we have examined the couplings
involving the dilaton with direct scattering amplitude calculations of four
NS-NS vertex operators in the superstring theory and found exact agreement.
  The coupling $\eps_{10}\eps_{10}R^4$ is a total derivative term at four-field
level. The $\sigma$-model beta function approach implies the presence of this
term at the tree-level. By examining the sphere-level scattering amplitude of
five gravitons, we have also confirmed the presence of this term in the
tree-level effective action.


title: Axiomatic properties of inconsistency indices for pairwise comparisons

abstract:
  Pairwise comparisons are a well-known method for the representation of the
subjective preferences of a decision maker. Evaluating their inconsistency has
been a widely studied and discussed topic and several indices have been
proposed in the literature to perform this task. Since an acceptable level of
consistency is closely related with the reliability of preferences, a suitable
choice of an inconsistency index is a crucial phase in decision making
processes. The use of different methods for measuring consistency must be
carefully evaluated, as it can affect the decision outcome in practical
applications. In this paper, we present five axioms aimed at characterizing
inconsistency indices. In addition, we prove that some of the indices proposed
in the literature satisfy these axioms, while others do not, and therefore, in
our view, they may fail to correctly evaluate inconsistency.


title:
On the non-equivalence of perfectly matched layers and exterior complex
  scaling

abstract:
  The perfectly matched layers (PML) and exterior complex scaling (ECS) methods
for absorbing boundary conditions are analyzed using spectral decomposition.
Both methods are derived through analytical continuations from unitary to
contractive transformations. We find that the methods are mathematically and
numerically distinct: ECS is complex stretching that rotates the operator's
spectrum into the complex plane, whereas PML is a complex gauge transform which
shifts the spectrum. Consequently, the schemes differ in their time-stability.
Numerical examples are given.


title:
Geometry of Image Registration: The Diffeomorphism Group and Momentum
  Maps

abstract:
  These lecture notes explain the geometry and discuss some of the analytical
questions underlying image registration within the framework of large
deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping (LDDMM) used in computational anatomy.


title: Higgs properties in the Stealth Doublet Model

abstract:
  I present a model with two scalar doublets and a softly broken $\ztwo$
symmetry, where only one of the doublets gets a vacuum expectation value and
couples to fermions at tree-level. The softly broken $\ztwo$ symmetry leads to
interesting phenomenology such as mixing between the two doublets and a charged
scalar H^\pm which can be light and dominantly decays into W \gamma. The model
can also naturally reproduce an enhanced \gamma \gamma signal of the newly
observed Higgs boson at the LHC with mass 125 GeV.


title:
Linear Dependent Types for Domain Specific Program Analysis (Extended
  Abstract)

abstract:
  In this tutorial I will present how a combination of linear and dependent
type can be useful to describe different properties about higher order
programs. Linear types have been proved particularly useful to express
properties of functions; dependent types are useful to describe the behavior of
the program in terms of its control flow. This two ideas fits together well
when one is interested in analyze properties of functions depending on the
control flow of the program. I will present these ideas with example taken by
complexity analysis and sensitivity analysis. I will conclude the tutorial by
arguing about the generality of this approach.


title: PSI Effects on Plasma Burn-through in JET

abstract:
  Plasma Surface Interaction(PSI) effects on plasma burn-through are compared
for the carbon wall and the ITER-Like Wall(ILW) at JET. For the carbon wall,
the radiation barrier and C2+ influx have a significant linear correlation
whereas the radiation barrier in the ILW does not have such a linear
correlation with Be 1+ influx. The JET data are explained by the simulation
results of the DYON code. The radiation barrier in the carbon wall JET is
dominated by the carbon radiation, but the radiation barrier in the ILW is
mainly from the deuterium radiation rather than the beryllium radiation.


title:
Simulation and Theory of Ions at Atmospherically Relevant Aqueous
  Liquid-Air Interfaces

abstract:
  Chemistry occurring at or near the surfaces of aqueous droplets and thin
films in the atmosphere influences air quality and climate. Molecular dynamics
simulations are becoming increasingly useful for gaining atomic-scale insight
into the structure and reactivity of aqueous interfaces in the atmosphere. Here
we review simulation studies of atmospherically relevant aqueous liquid-air
interfaces, with an emphasis on ions that play important roles in the chemistry
of atmospheric aerosols. In addition to surveying results from simulation
studies, we discuss challenges to the refinement and experimental validation of
the methodology for simulating ion adsorption to the air-water interface, and
recent advances in elucidating the driving forces for adsorption. We also
review the recent development of a dielectric continuum theory that is capable
of reproducing simulation and experimental data on ion behavior at aqueous
interfaces.


title: Advanced strategies for ion acceleration using high power lasers

abstract:
  A short overview of laser-plasma acceleration of ions is presented. The focus
is on some recent experimental results and related theoretical work on advanced
regimes. These latter include in particular target normal sheath acceleration
using ultrashort low-energy pulses and structured targets, radiation pressure
acceleration of both thick and ultrathin targets, and collisionless shock
acceleration in moderate density plasmas. For each approach, open issues and
the need and potential for further developments are briefly discussed.


title:
Detecting non-locality in multipartite quantum systems with two-body
  correlation functions

abstract:
  Bell inequalities define experimentally observable quantities to detect
non-locality. In general, they involve correlation functions of all the
parties. Unfortunately, these measurements are hard to implement for systems
consisting of many constituents, where only few-body correlation functions are
accessible. Here we demonstrate that higher-order correlation functions are not
necessary to certify nonlocality in multipartite quantum states by constructing
Bell inequalities from one- and two-body correlation functions for an arbitrary
number of parties. The obtained inequalities are violated by some of the Dicke
states, which arise naturally in many-body physics as the ground states of the
two-body Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick Hamiltonian.


title:
Observations of the unique X-ray emitting subdwarf stars HD49798 and
  BD+37 442

abstract:
  We report on the results we obtained with XMM-Newton observations of HD49798
and BD+37 442, the only two sdO stars for which X-ray emission has been
observed so far. HD is a single-lined spectroscopic binary with orbital period
of 1.5 days. We could establish that its companion is a massive white dwarf
with M = 1.28 Msun, which makes it a candidate type Ia supernova progenitor; we
also detected a significant X-ray emission during the white-dwarf eclipse,
which could be X-ray emission of the sdO star itself. In the case of BD+37 442,
a luminous He-rich sdO that up to now was believed to be a single star, we
discovered soft X-ray emission with a periodicity of 19.2 s. This indicates
that also this hot subdwarf has a compact binary companion, either a white
dwarf or a neutron star, most likely powered by accretion from the wind of the
sdO star.


title: On sums of S-integers of bounded norm

abstract:
  We prove an asymptotic formula for the number of S-integers in a number field
K that can be represented by a sum of n S-integers of bounded norm.


title:
Exact conservation laws for truncated gyrokinetic Vlasov-Poisson
  equations

abstract:
  The purpose of the current work is adapting the results of the Noether method
derivation of momentum transport equation for the gyrokinetic Vlasov-Poisson
system to numerical implementations. In particular, we are considering the
delta-f truncated Gyrokinetic Vlasov-Poisson system and we derive the exact
momentum conservation laws via the Noether method.


title: B-Splines, Polytopes and their Characteristic D-Modules

abstract:
  Given a polytope $\sigma\subset \mathbb{R}^m$, its characteristic
distribution $\delta_\sigma$ generates a $D$-module which we call the
characteristic $D$-module of $\sigma$ and denote by $M_\sigma$. More generally,
the characteristic distributions of a cell complex $K$ with polyhedral cells
generate a $D$-module $M_K$, which we call the characteristic $D$-module of the
cell complex. We prove various basic properties of $M_K$, and show that under
certain mild topological conditions on $K$, the $D$-module theoretic direct
image of $M_K$ coincides with the module generated by the $B$-splines
associated to the cells of $K$ (considered as distributions). We also give
techniques for computing $D$-annihilator ideals of polytopes.


title: Future large-scale water-Cherenkov detector

abstract:
  MEMPHYS (MEgaton Mass PHYSics) is a proposed large-scale water-Cherenkov
experiment to be performed deep underground. It is dedicated to nucleon decay
searches and the detection of neutrinos from supernovae, solar, and atmospheric
neutrinos, as well as neutrinos from a future beam to measure the CP violating
phase in the leptonic sector and the mass hierarchy. This paper provides an
overview of the latest studies on the expected performance of MEMPHYS in view
of detailed estimates of its physics reach, mainly concerning neutrino beams.


title: On the inverse to the harmonic oscillator

abstract:
  Let $b_d$ be the Weyl symbol of the inverse to the harmonic oscillator on
$\R^d$. We prove that $b_d$ and its derivatives satisfy convenient bounds of
Gevrey and Gelfand-Shilov type, and obtain explicit expressions for $b_d$. In
the even-dimensional case we characterize $b_d$ in terms of elementary
functions.
  In the analysis we use properties of radial symmetry and a combination of
different techniques involving classical a priori estimates, commutator
identities, power series and asymptotic expansions.


title:
The hot-blackbody spectral excess in low-luminosity High-Mass X-Ray
  Binaries

abstract:
  We report on the main results obtained thanks to an observation campaign with
XMM-Newton of four persistent, low-luminosity (Lx ~ 10^34 erg/s) and
long-period (P > 200 s) Be accreting pulsars. We found that all sources
considered here are characterized by a spectral excess that can be described
with a blackbody component of high temperature (kTbb > 1 keV) and small area
(Rbb < 0.5 km). We show that: 1) this feature is a common property of several
low-luminosity X-ray binaries; 2) for most sources the blackbody parameters
(radius and temperature) are within a narrow range of values; 3) it can be
interpreted as emission from the NS polar caps.


title:
Anomalous metallic state and anisotropic multiband superconductivity in
  Nb3Pd0.7Se7

abstract:
  We report the discovery of superconductivity in Nb$_3$Pd$_{x}$Se$_7$ with a
$x$-dependent superconducting transition-temperature as high as $T_c \simeq 2.1
$ K for $x \simeq0.7$ (middle point of the resistive transition). Needle-like
single crystals display anisotropic upper-critical fields with an anisotropy
$\gamma = H^{b}_{c2}/H^{a}_{c2}$ as large as 6 between fields applied along
their needle axis (or $b-$axis) or along the $a-$axis. As for the Fe based
superconductors $\gamma$ is temperature-dependent suggesting that
Nb$_3$Pd$_{0.7}$Se$_7$ is a multi-band superconductor. This is supported by
band structure calculations which reveal a Fermi surface composed of
quasi-one-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional sheets of hole character, as
well as three-dimensional sheets of both hole- and electron-character.
Remarkably, $H^{b}_{c2}$ is observed to saturate at $H^{b}_{c2}(T \rightarrow 0
\text{K}) \simeq 14.1$ T which is $4.26 \times H_p$ where $H_p$ is the
Pauli-limiting field in the weak-coupling regime. The synthesis procedure
yields additional crystals belonging to the Nb$_2$Pd$_{x}$Se$_5$ phase which
also becomes superconducting when the fraction of Pd is varied. For both phases
we find that superconductivity condenses out of an anomalous metallic state,
i.e. displaying $\partial \rho/ \partial T < 0$ above $T_c$ similarly to what
is observed in the pseudogap-phase of the underdoped cuprates. An anomalous
metallic state, low-dimensionality, multi-band character, extremely high and
anisotropic $H_{c2}$s, are all ingredients for unconventional
superconductivity.