title: Seeking a Game in which the standard model Group shall Win

abstract:
  It is attempted to construct a group-dependent quantity that could be used to
single out the Standard Model group S(U(2) x U(3)) as being the "winner" by
this quantity being the biggest possible for just the Standard Model group. The
suggested quantity is first of all based on the inverse quadratic Cassimir for
the fundamental or better smallest faithful representation in a notation in
which the adjoint representation quadratic Cassimir is normalized to unity.
Then a further correction is added to help the wanted Standard Model group to
win and the rule comes even to involve the Abelian group U(1) to be multiplied
into the group to get this correction be allowed. The scheme is suggestively
explained to have some physical interpretation(s). By some appropriate
proceedure for extending the group dependent quantity to groups that are not
simple we find a way to make the Standard Model Group the absolute "winner".
Thus we provide an indication for what could be the reason for the Standard
Model Group having been chosen to be the realized one by Nature.


title:
Hilbert's Tenth Problem over Function Fields of Positive Characteristic
  Not Containing the Algebraic Closure of a Finite Field

abstract:
  We prove that the existential theory of any function field $K$ of
characteristic $p> 0$ is undecidable in the language of rings provided that the
constant field does not contain the algebraic closure of a finite field. We
also extend the undecidability proof for function fields of higher
transcendence degree to characteristic 2 and show that the first-order theory
of {\bf any} function field of positive characteristic is undecidable in the
language of rings without parameters.


title: Foliations and Conjugacy:Anosov Structures in the plane

abstract:
  In a non-compact setting, the notion of hyperbolicity, and the associated
structure of stable and unstable manifolds (for unbounded orbits), is highly
dependent on the choice of metric used to define it. We consider the simplest
version of this, the analogue for the plane of Anosov diffeomorphisms, studied
earlier by W. White and P. Mendes. The two known topological conjugacy classes
of such diffeomorphisms are linear hyperbolic automorphisms and translations.
We show that if the structure of stable and unstable manifolds is required to
be preserved by these conjugacies, the number of distinct equivalence classes
of Anosov diffeomorphisms in the plane becomes infinite.


title:
Posterior asymptotics of nonparametric location-scale mixtures for
  multivariate density estimation

abstract:
  Density estimation represents one of the most successful applications of
Bayesian nonparametrics. In particular, Dirichlet process mixtures of normals
are the gold standard for density estimation and their asymptotic properties
have been studied extensively, especially in the univariate case. However a gap
between practitioners and the current theoretical literature is present. So
far, posterior asymptotic results in the multivariate case are available only
for location mixtures of Gaussian kernels with independent prior on the common
covariance matrix, while in practice as well as from a conceptual point of view
a location-scale mixture is often preferable. In this paper we address
posterior consistency for such general mixture models by adapting a convergence
rate result which combines the usual low-entropy, high-mass sieve approach with
a suitable summability condition. Specifically, we establish consistency for
Dirichlet process mixtures of Gaussian kernels with various prior
specifications on the covariance matrix. Posterior convergence rates are also
discussed.


title: R3MC: A Riemannian three-factor algorithm for low-rank matrix completion

abstract:
  We exploit the versatile framework of Riemannian optimization on quotient
manifolds to develop R3MC, a nonlinear conjugate-gradient method for low-rank
matrix completion. The underlying search space of fixed-rank matrices is
endowed with a novel Riemannian metric that is tailored to the least-squares
cost. Numerical comparisons suggest that R3MC robustly outperforms
state-of-the-art algorithms across different problem instances, especially
those that combine scarcely sampled and ill-conditioned data.


title:
Spontaneous Rayleigh seeding of stimulated Rayleigh scattering in high
  power fiber amplifiers

abstract:
  We estimate the Stokes wave starting power for stimulated thermal Rayleigh
scattering (STRS) produced by thermal fluctuations in the fiber core that
transiently alter the refractive index profile in the core. A transverse
temperature gradient creates a transverse refractive index gradient via the
thermo optic effect, and if the fluctuation frequency lies in the STRS gain
band, it can couple light from mode LP$_{01}$ to LP$_{11}$ to seed STRS. This
spontaneous Rayleigh seed may be stronger than the quantum background and may
affect the mode instability thresholds of fiber amplifiers. This new seed
estimate can be incorporated in STRS models to improve threshold calculations.


title: Convergence of the Fourth Moment and Infinite Divisibility

abstract:
  In this note we prove that, for infinitely divisible laws, convergence of the
fourth moment to 3 is sufficient to ensure convergence in law to the Gaussian
distribution. Our results include infinitely divisible measures with respect to
classical, free, Boolean and monotone convolution. A similar criterion is
proved for compound Poissons with jump distribution supported on a finite
number of atoms. In particular, this generalizes recent results of Nourdin and
Poly.


title: Kolmogorov Complexity of Categories

abstract:
  Kolmogorov complexity theory is used to tell what the algorithmic
informational content of a string is. It is defined as the length of the
shortest program that describes the string. We present a programming language
that can be used to describe categories, functors, and natural transformations.
With this in hand, we define the informational content of these categorical
structures as the shortest program that describes such structures. Some basic
consequences of our definition are presented including the fact that equivalent
categories have equal Kolmogorov complexity. We also prove different theorems
about what can and cannot be described by our programming language.

categories: math.CT cs.IT cs.LO cs.PL math.IT math.LO


title:
Some exact results on CP and CPT violations in a $C=-1$ entangled
  pseudoscalar neutral meson pair

abstract:
  We consider neutral pseudoscalar mesons in an entangled or
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen state with $C=-1$. Due to quantum entanglement and
antisymmetry of this state, the rates of the joint decays of the meson pair
display various interesting features, as is well known. As functions of CP and
CPT violating parameters, here we obtain some exact results about the joint
decay rates and their asymmetries for a given time difference defined for joint
decays to flavor eigenstates, as well as those for joint decays to CP
eigenstates. The entanglement allows a meaningful and useful definition of the
transition amplitude from a CP eigenstate of a meson. These results yield
useful information and criteria on CP and CPT violations.


title: Optimal quantum-enhanced interferometry using a laser power source

abstract:
  We consider an interferometer powered by laser light (a coherent state) into
one input port and ask the following question: what is the best state to inject
into the second input port, given a constraint on the mean number of photons
this state can carry, in order to optimize the interferometer's phase
sensitivity? This question is the practical question for high-sensitivity
interferometry. We answer the question by considering the quantum
Cram{\'e}r-Rao bound for such a setup. The answer is squeezed vacuum.


title: Asteroids in the service of humanity

abstract:
  There are at least three compelling reasons for the human race to initiate a
major programme to explore and better understand the 'minor planets' of the
Solar System: (1) Enhancing scientific knowledge; (2) Mitigating the impact
hazard; and (3) Utilizing extraterrestrial resources. Strong synergies exist
between all three. Moreover, all these activities would benefit from greater
international cooperation in space exploration by the World's space agencies,
and the recognition that asteroids are important targets for human and robotic
exploration.


title:
The supermassive black hole mass - S\'ersic index relations for bulges
  and elliptical galaxies

abstract:
  Scaling relations between supermassive black hole mass, M_BH, and host galaxy
properties are a powerful instrument for studying their coevolution. A complete
picture involving all of the black hole scaling relations, in which each
relation is consistent with the others, is necessary to fully understand the
black hole-galaxy connection. The relation between M_BH and the central light
concentration of the surrounding bulge, quantified by the S\'ersic index n, may
be one of the simplest and strongest such relations, requiring only
uncalibrated galaxy images. We have conducted a census of literature S\'ersic
index measurements for a sample of 54 local galaxies with directly measured
M_BH values. We find a clear M_BH - n relation, despite an appreciable level of
scatter due to the heterogeneity of the data. Given the current M_BH - L_sph
and the L_sph - n relations, we have additionally derived the expected M_BH - n
relations, which are marginally consistent at the 2 sigma level with the
observed relations. Elliptical galaxies and the bulges of disc galaxies are
each expected to follow two distinct bent M_BH - n relations due to the
S\'ersic/core-S\'ersic divide. For the same central light concentration, we
predict that M_BH in the S\'ersic bulges of disc galaxies are an order
magnitude higher than in S\'ersic elliptical galaxies if they follow the same
M_BH - L_sph relation.


title:
Broad Absorption Line Quasars with Redshifted Troughs: High-Velocity
  Infall or Rotationally Dominated Outflows?

abstract:
  We report the discovery in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the SDSS-III
Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey of seventeen broad absorption line
(BAL) quasars with high-ionization troughs that include absorption redshifted
relative to the quasar rest frame. The redshifted troughs extend to velocities
up to v=12,000 km/s and the trough widths exceed 3000 km/s in all but one case.
Approximately 1 in 1000 BAL quasars with blueshifted C IV absorption also has
redshifted C IV absorption; objects with C IV absorption present only at
redshifted velocities are roughly four times rarer. In more than half of our
objects, redshifted absorption is seen in C II or Al III as well as C IV,
making low-ionization absorption at least ten times more common among BAL
quasars with redshifted troughs than among standard BAL quasars. However, the C
IV absorption equivalent widths in our objects are on average smaller than
those of standard BAL quasars with low-ionization absorption. We consider
several possible ways of generating redshifted absorption. The two most likely
possibilities may be at work simultaneously, in the same objects or in
different ones. Rotationally dominated outflows seen against a quasar's
extended continuum source can produce redshifted and blueshifted absorption,
but variability consistent with this scenario is seen in only one of the four
objects with multiple spectra. The infall of relatively dense and
low-ionization gas to radii as small as 400 Schwarzschild radii can in
principle explain the observed range of trough profiles, but current models do
not easily explain the origin and survival of such gas. Whatever the origin(s)
of the absorbing gas in these objects, it must be located at small radii to
explain its large redshifted velocities, and thus offers a novel probe of the
inner regions of quasars.


title:
Determining the luminosity function of Swift long gamma-ray bursts with
  pseudo-redshifts

abstract:
  The determination of luminosity function (LF) of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is
of an important role for the cosmological applications of the GRBs, which is
however hindered seriously by some selection effects due to redshift
measurements. In order to avoid these selection effects, we suggest to
calculate pseudo-redshifts for Swift GRBs according to the empirical L-E_p
relationship. Here, such a $L-E_p$ relationship is determined by reconciling
the distributions of pseudo- and real redshifts of redshift-known GRBs. The
values of E_p taken from Butler's GRB catalog are estimated with Bayesian
statistics rather than observed. Using the GRB sample with pseudo-redshifts of
a relatively large number, we fit the redshift-resolved luminosity
distributions of the GRBs with a broken-power-law LF. The fitting results
suggest that the LF could evolve with redshift by a redshift-dependent break
luminosity, e.g., L_b=1.2\times10^{51}(1+z)^2\rm erg s^{-1}. The low- and
high-luminosity indices are constrained to 0.8 and 2.0, respectively. It is
found that the proportional coefficient between GRB event rate and star
formation rate should correspondingly decrease with increasing redshifts.


title:
Alternate islands of multiple isochronous chains in wave-particle
  interactions

abstract:
  We analyze the dynamics of a relativistic particle moving in a uniform
magnetic field and perturbed by a standing electrostatic wave. We show that a
pulsed wave produces an infinite number of perturbative terms with the same
winding number, which may generate islands in the same region of phase space.
As a consequence, the number of isochronous island chains varies as a function
of the wave parameters. We observe that in all the resonances, the number of
chains is related to the amplitude of the various resonant terms. We determine
analytically the position of the periodic points and the number of island
chains as a function of the wave number and wave period. Such information is
very important when one is concerned with regular particle acceleration, since
it is necessary to adjust the initial conditions of the particle to obtain the
maximum acceleration.


title: Growth Index after the Planck Results

abstract:
  The growth index $\gamma_L$ was proposed to investigate the possible
deviation from the standard $\Lambda$CDM model and Einstein's gravity theory in
a dynamical perspective. Recently, thanks to the measurement of the cosmic
growth rate via the redshift-space distortion, one can understand the evolution
of density contrast through $f\sigma_8(z)$, where $f(z)=d\ln \delta/d \ln a$ is
the growth rate of matter and $\sigma_8(z)$ is the rms amplitude of the density
contrast $\delta$ at the comoving $8h^{-1}$ Mpc scale. In this paper, we use
the redshift space distortion data points to study the growth index on the
bases of Einstein's gravity theory and a modified gravity theory under the
assumption of $f=\Omega_m(a)^{\gamma_L}$. The cosmic background evolution is
fixed by the cosmic observations from the type Ia supernovae SNLS3, cosmic
microwave background radiation data from {\it Planck} and baryon acoustic
oscillations. Via the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, we found the $\gamma_L$
values for Einstein's gravity with a cosmological constant, $w=constant$ dark
energy and a modified gravity theory in the $1,2,3\sigma$ regions respectively:
$0.675_{-0.0662-0.120-0.155}^{+0.0611+0.129+0.178}$,
$0.745_{-0.0819-0.146-0.190}^{+0.0755+0.157+0.205}$ and
$0.555_{-0.0167-0.0373-0.0516}^{+0.0193+0.0335+0.0436}$. In the Einstein's
gravity theory, the values of growth index $\gamma_L$ show almost $2\sigma$
deviation from the theoretical prediction 6/11 for the $\Lambda$CDM model.
However in the modified gravity framework, a deviation from the Einstein's
relativity is not detected in $1\sigma$ region. That implies that the currently
available cosmic observations don't expect an alternative modified gravity
theory beyond the $\Lambda$CDM model under Einstein's gravity, but that the
simple assumption of $f=\Omega_m^{\gamma_L}$ should be improved.


title:
Superconducting Symmetry Studied from Impurity Effects in Single-Crystal
  Fe1-yMySe0.3Te0.7 (M = Co, Ni, Zn)

abstract:
  We have investigated the suppression of the superconducting transition
temperature, Tc, with an increase of the residual resistivity, \rho_0, through
the substitution of M (M = Co, Ni, Zn) for Fe in Fe1-yMySe0.3Te0.7 single
crystals, in order to clarify the symmetry of the superconducting gap in
FeSe1-xTex. Small, large and very small suppression of Tc have been observed
through the Co, Ni and Zn substitution, respectively. The magnitude of the
suppression rate is hardly explained in terms of the pair-breaking effect due
to potential scattering calculated based on the Abrikosov-Gor'kov theory, even
if errors in the estimation of the carrier concentration, effective mass and
\rho_0 were taken into account. Accordingly, these results suggest that the
superconducting symmetry is the s++-wave in FeSe1-xTex.


title:
Flexible sampling of discrete data correlations without the marginal
  distributions

abstract:
  Learning the joint dependence of discrete variables is a fundamental problem
in machine learning, with many applications including prediction, clustering
and dimensionality reduction. More recently, the framework of copula modeling
has gained popularity due to its modular parametrization of joint
distributions. Among other properties, copulas provide a recipe for combining
flexible models for univariate marginal distributions with parametric families
suitable for potentially high dimensional dependence structures. More
radically, the extended rank likelihood approach of Hoff (2007) bypasses
learning marginal models completely when such information is ancillary to the
learning task at hand as in, e.g., standard dimensionality reduction problems
or copula parameter estimation. The main idea is to represent data by their
observable rank statistics, ignoring any other information from the marginals.
Inference is typically done in a Bayesian framework with Gaussian copulas, and
it is complicated by the fact this implies sampling within a space where the
number of constraints increases quadratically with the number of data points.
The result is slow mixing when using off-the-shelf Gibbs sampling. We present
an efficient algorithm based on recent advances on constrained Hamiltonian
Markov chain Monte Carlo that is simple to implement and does not require
paying for a quadratic cost in sample size.


title:
Thermal conductivity and annealing effects in the iron-based
  superconductor FeSe$_{0.3}$Te$_{0.7}$

abstract:
  Thermal conductivity measurements in magnetic fields have been carried out
for FeSe$_{0.3}$Te$_{0.7}$ single crystals as-grown and annealed at 400
{\degree}C for 100 h in vacuum ($\sim$ 10$^{-4}$ Pa). It has been found that
the thermal conductivity in the {\it ab}-plane, {\kab}, of the annealed crystal
shows an enhancement at low temperatures just below the superconducting
transition temperature, {\tc}, owing to the thermal conductivity due to
quasiparticles, while {\kab} of the as-grown crystal does not. This suggests
that FeSe$_{1-x}$Te$_{x}$ is a strongly correlated electron system. It has also
been found that both the degree of the enhancement of {\kab} just below {\tc}
and the behavior of the suppression of {\kab} by the application of magnetic
field for the annealed crystal depend on the thickness of the crystal. These
results indicate that bulk superconductivity is absent in the as-grown crystal,
appears only in the surface area in the annealed-thick crystal and appears in
the almost whole region in the annealed-thin crystal. It has been concluded
that the excess Fe included in the as-grown crystal is removed from the surface
through the vacuum-annealing.


title: Energy Loss at Propagating Jamming Fronts in Granular Gas Clusters

abstract:
  We explore the initial moments of impact between two dense granular clusters
in a two-dimensional geometry. The particles are composed of solid CO$_{2}$ and
are levitated on a hot surface. Upon collision, the propagation of a dynamic
"jamming front" produces a distinct regime for energy dissipation in a granular
gas in which the translational kinetic energy decreases by over 90%.
Experiments and associated simulations show that the initial loss of kinetic
energy obeys a power law in time, $\Delta E=-Kt^{3/2}$, a form that can be
predicted from kinetic arguments.


title: A Mathematical Aspect of A Tunnel-Junction for Spintronic Qubit

abstract:
  We consider the Dirac particle living in the 1-dimensional configuration
space with a junction for a spintronic qubit. We give concrete formulae
explicitly showing the one-to-one correspondence between every self-adjoint
extension of the minimal Dirac operator and the boundary condition of the wave
functions of the Dirac particle. We then show that the boundary conditions are
classified into two types: one of them is characterized by two parameters and
the other is by three parameters. Then, we show that Benvegnu and Dabrowski's
four-parameter family can actually be characterized by three parameters,
concerned with the reflection, penetration, and phase factor.


title: Groups in which some primary subgroups are weakly s-supplemented?

abstract:
  A subgroup $H$ of a group $G$ is called weakly s-supplemented in $G$ if there
is a subgroup $T$ such that $G=HT$ and $H\cap T\le H_{sG}$, where $H_{sG}$ is
the subgroup of $H$ generated by all those subgroups of $H$ which are
s-permutable in $G$. The influence of primary weakly s-supplemented subgroups
on the structure of finite groups is investigated. An open question promoted by
Skiba is studied and some known results are generalized.


title: On Some Expander Graphs and Algebraic Cayley Graphs

abstract:
  Expander graphs have many interesting applications in communication networks
and other areas, and thus these graphs have been extensively studied in
theoretic computer sciences and in applied mathematics. In this paper, we use
reversible difference sets and generalized difference sets to construct more
expander graphs, some of them are Ramanujan graphs. Three classes of elementary
constructions of infinite families of Ramanujan graphs are provided. It is
proved that for every even integer $k>4$, if $2(k+2)=rs$ for two even numbers
$r$ and $s$ with $s\geq 4$ and $2s>r\geq s$, or $r\geq 4$ and $2r>s\geq r$,
then there exists an $k$-regular Ramanujan graph. As a consequence, there
exists an $k$-regular Ramanujan graph with $k=2t^2-2$ for every integer $t>2$.
It is also proved that for every odd integer $m$, there is an
$(2^{2m-2}+2^{m-1})$-regular Ramanujan graph. These results partially solved
the long hanging open question for the existence of $k$-regular Ramanujan
graphs for every positive integer $k$.


title: Preserving differential privacy under finite-precision semantics

abstract:
  The approximation introduced by finite-precision representation of continuous
data can induce arbitrarily large information leaks even when the computation
using exact semantics is secure. Such leakage can thus undermine design efforts
aimed at protecting sensitive information. We focus here on differential
privacy, an approach to privacy that emerged from the area of statistical
databases and is now widely applied also in other domains. In this approach,
privacy is protected by the addition of noise to a true (private) value. To
date, this approach to privacy has been proved correct only in the ideal case
in which computations are made using an idealized, infinite-precision
semantics. In this paper, we analyze the situation at the implementation level,
where the semantics is necessarily finite-precision, i.e. the representation of
real numbers and the operations on them, are rounded according to some level of
precision. We show that in general there are violations of the differential
privacy property, and we study the conditions under which we can still
guarantee a limited (but, arguably, totally acceptable) variant of the
property, under only a minor degradation of the privacy level. Finally, we
illustrate our results on two cases of noise-generating distributions: the
standard Laplacian mechanism commonly used in differential privacy, and a
bivariate version of the Laplacian recently introduced in the setting of
privacy-aware geolocation.


title: Indexed Labels for Loop Iteration Dependent Costs

abstract:
  We present an extension to the labelling approach, a technique for lifting
resource consumption information from compiled to source code. This approach,
which is at the core of the annotating compiler from a large fragment of C to
8051 assembly of the CerCo project, looses preciseness when differences arise
as to the cost of the same portion of code, whether due to code transformation
such as loop optimisations or advanced architecture features (e.g. cache). We
propose to address this weakness by formally indexing cost labels with the
iterations of the containing loops they occur in. These indexes can be
transformed during the compilation, and when lifted back to source code they
produce dependent costs.
  The proposed changes have been implemented in CerCo's untrusted prototype
compiler from a large fragment of C to 8051 assembly.


title: Quantitative Security Analysis for Multi-threaded Programs

abstract:
  Quantitative theories of information flow give us an approach to relax the
absolute confidentiality properties that are difficult to satisfy for many
practical programs. The classical information-theoretic approaches for
sequential programs, where the program is modeled as a communication channel
with only input and output, and the measure of leakage is based on the notions
of initial uncertainty and remaining uncertainty after observing the final
outcomes, are not suitable to multi-threaded programs. Besides, the
information-theoretic approaches have been also shown to conflict with each
other when comparing programs. Reasoning about the exposed information flow of
multi-threaded programs is more complicated, since the outcomes of such
programs depend on the scheduler policy, and the leakages in intermediate
states also contribute to the overall leakage of the program.
  This paper proposes a novel model of quantitative analysis for multi-threaded
programs that also takes into account the effect of observables in intermediate
states along the trace. We define a notion of the leakage of a program trace.
Given the fact that the execution of a multi-threaded program is typically
described by a set of traces, the leakage of a program under a specific
scheduler is computed as the expected value of the leakages of all possible
traces. Examples are given to compare our approach with the existing
approaches.


title:
Enhancing Unsatisfiable Cores for LTL with Information on Temporal
  Relevance

abstract:
  LTL is frequently used to express specifications in many domains such as
embedded systems or business processes. Witnesses can help to understand why an
LTL specification is satisfiable, and a number of approaches exist to make
understanding a witness easier. In the case of unsatisfiable specifications
unsatisfiable cores (UCs), i.e., parts of an unsatisfiable formula that are
themselves unsatisfiable, are a well established means for debugging. However,
little work has been done to help understanding a UC of an unsatisfiable LTL
formula. In this paper we suggest to enhance a UC of an unsatisfiable LTL
formula with additional information about the time points at which the
subformulas of the UC are relevant for unsatisfiability. For example, in "(G p)
and (X not p)" the first occurrence of "p" is really only "relevant" for
unsatisfiability at time point 1 (time starts at time point 0). We present a
method to extract such information from the resolution graph of a temporal
resolution proof of unsatisfiability of an LTL formula. We implement our method
in TRP++, and we experimentally evaluate it. Source code of our tool is
available.


title: Modal Specifications for Probabilistic Timed Systems

abstract:
  Modal automata are a classic formal model for component-based systems that
comes equipped with a rich specification theory supporting abstraction,
refinement and compositional reasoning. In recent years, quantitative variants
of modal automata were introduced for specifying and reasoning about
component-based designs for embedded and mobile systems. These respectively
generalize modal specification theories for timed and probabilistic systems. In
this paper, we define a modal specification language for combined probabilistic
timed systems, called abstract probabilistic timed automata, which generalizes
existing formalisms. We introduce appropriate syntactic and semantic refinement
notions and discuss consistency of our specification language, also with
respect to time-divergence. We identify a subclass of our models for which we
define the fundamental operations for abstraction, conjunction and parallel
composition, and show several compositionality results.


title:
The Spectrum of Strong Behavioral Equivalences for Nondeterministic and
  Probabilistic Processes

abstract:
  We present a spectrum of trace-based, testing, and bisimulation equivalences
for nondeterministic and probabilistic processes whose activities are all
observable. For every equivalence under study, we examine the discriminating
power of three variants stemming from three approaches that differ for the way
probabilities of events are compared when nondeterministic choices are resolved
via deterministic schedulers. We show that the first approach - which compares
two resolutions relatively to the probability distributions of all considered
events - results in a fragment of the spectrum compatible with the spectrum of
behavioral equivalences for fully probabilistic processes. In contrast, the
second approach - which compares the probabilities of the events of a
resolution with the probabilities of the same events in possibly different
resolutions - gives rise to another fragment composed of coarser equivalences
that exhibits several analogies with the spectrum of behavioral equivalences
for fully nondeterministic processes. Finally, the third approach - which only
compares the extremal probabilities of each event stemming from the different
resolutions - yields even coarser equivalences that, however, give rise to a
hierarchy similar to that stemming from the second approach.


title: Probabilistic Concurrent Kleene Algebra

abstract:
  We provide an extension of concurrent Kleene algebras to account for
probabilistic properties. The algebra yields a unified framework containing
nondeterminism, concurrency and probability and is sound with respect to the
set of probabilistic automata modulo probabilistic simulation. We use the
resulting algebra to generalise the algebraic formulation of a variant of
Jones' rely/guarantee calculus.


title:
Violation of Entanglement-Area Law in Bosonic Systems with Bose
  Surfaces: Possible Application to Bose Metals

abstract:
  We show the violation of the entanglement-area law for bosonic systems with
Bose surfaces. For bosonic systems with gapless factorized energy dispersions
on a N^d Cartesian lattice in d-dimension, e.g., the exciton Bose liquid in two
dimension, we explicitly show that a belt subsystem with width L preserving
translational symmetry along d-1 Cartesian axes has leading entanglement
entropy (N^{d-1}/3)ln L. Using this result, the strong subadditivity
inequality, and lattice symmetries, we bound the entanglement entropy of a
rectangular subsystem from below and above showing a logarithmic violation of
the area law. For subsystems with a single flat boundary we also bound the
entanglement entropy from below showing a logarithmic violation, and argue that
the entanglement entropy of subsystems with arbitrary smooth boundaries are
similarly bounded.


title: Testing quantum mechanics: a statistical approach

abstract:
  As experiments continue to push the quantum-classical boundary using
increasingly complex dynamical systems, the interpretation of experimental data
becomes more and more challenging: when the observations are noisy, indirect,
and limited, how can we be sure that we are observing quantum behavior? This
tutorial highlights some of the difficulties in such experimental tests of
quantum mechanics, using optomechanics as the central example, and discusses
how the issues can be resolved using techniques from statistics and insights
from quantum information theory.


title: Hierarchical Interference Mitigation for Massive MIMO Cellular Networks

abstract:
  We propose a hierarchical interference mitigation scheme for massive MIMO
cellular networks. The MIMO precoder at each base station (BS) is partitioned
into an inner precoder and an outer precoder. The inner precoder controls the
intra-cell interference and is adaptive to local channel state information
(CSI) at each BS (CSIT). The outer precoder controls the inter-cell
interference and is adaptive to channel statistics. Such hierarchical precoding
structure reduces the number of pilot symbols required for CSI estimation in
massive MIMO downlink and is robust to the backhaul latency. We study joint
optimization of the outer precoders, the user selection, and the power
allocation to maximize a general concave utility which has no closed-form
expression. We first apply random matrix theory to obtain an approximated
problem with closed-form objective. We show that the solution of the
approximated problem is asymptotically optimal with respect to the original
problem as the number of antennas per BS grows large. Then using the hidden
convexity of the problem, we propose an iterative algorithm to find the optimal
solution for the approximated problem. We also obtain a low complexity
algorithm with provable convergence. Simulations show that the proposed design
has significant gain over various state-of-the-art baselines.


title:
Cache-Enabled Opportunistic Cooperative MIMO for Video Streaming in
  Wireless Systems

abstract:
  We propose a cache-enabled opportunistic cooperative MIMO (CoMP) framework
for wireless video streaming. By caching a portion of the video files at the
relays (RS) using a novel MDS-coded random cache scheme, the base station (BS)
and RSs opportunistically employ CoMP to achieve spatial multiplexing gain
without expensive payload backhaul. We study a two timescale joint optimization
of power and cache control to support real-time video streaming. The cache
control is to create more CoMP opportunities and is adaptive to the long-term
popularity of the video files. The power control is to guarantee the QoS
requirements and is adaptive to the channel state information (CSI), the cache
state at the RS and the queue state information (QSI) at the users. The joint
problem is decomposed into an inner power control problem and an outer cache
control problem. We first derive a closed-form power control policy from an
approximated Bellman equation. Based on this, we transform the outer problem
into a convex stochastic optimization problem and propose a stochastic
subgradient algorithm to solve it. Finally, the proposed solution is shown to
be asymptotically optimal for high SNR and small timeslot duration. Its
superior performance over various baselines is verified by simulations.


title: Transition of Planar Couette Flow at infinite Reynolds numbers

abstract:
  An outline of the state space of planar Couette flow at high Reynolds numbers
($Re < 10^5$) is investigated via a variety of efficient numerical techniques.
It is verified from nonlinear analysis that the lower branch of {\it Hairpin
Vortex State} (HVS) asymptotically approaches the primary (laminar) state with
increasing $Re$. It is also predicted that the lower branch of HVS at high $Re$
belongs to the stability boundary that initiates transition to turbulence, and
that one of the unstable manifolds of the lower branch of HVS lies on the
boundary. These facts suggest HVS may provide a criterion to estimate a minimum
perturbation arising transition to turbulent states at the infinite $Re$ limit.


title:
Zero and one jet combined NLO analysis of the top quark forward-backward
  asymmetry

abstract:
  We present an analysis of the forward-backward asymmetry in the production of
top quark pairs at the Tevatron collider. We use novel Monte Carlo methods for
merging matrix elements and parton showers to combine NLO QCD predictions for
tt and tt+jet production. Theoretical uncertainties are quantified in detail.
We find agreement with experimental data on the transverse momentum dependence
of the asymmetry.


title: Regularity for almost minimizers with free boundary

abstract:
  In this paper we study the local regularity of almost minimizers of the
functional \begin{equation*} J(u)=\int_\Omega |\nabla u(x)|^2
+q^2_+(x)\chi_{\{u>0\}}(x) +q^2_-(x)\chi_{\{u<0\}}(x) \end{equation*} where
$q_\pm \in L^\infty(\Omega)$. Almost minimizers do not satisfy a PDE or a
monotonicity formula like minimizers do (see \cite{AC}, \cite{ACF}, \cite{CJK},
\cite{W}). Nevertheless we succeed in proving that they are locally Lipschitz,
which is the optimal regularity for minimizers.


title:
Kinetic aspects of the ion current layer in a reconnection outflow
  exhaust

abstract:
  Kinetic aspects of the ion current layer at the center of a reconnection
outflow exhaust near the X-type region are investigated by a two-dimensional
particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. The layer consists of magnetized electrons
and unmagnetized ions that carry a perpendicular electric current. The ion
fluid appears to be nonideal, sub-Alfvenic, and nondissipative. The ion
velocity distribution functions contain multiple populations such as global
Speiser ions, local Speiser ions, and trapped ions. The particle motion of the
local Speiser ions in an appropriately rotated coordinate system explains the
ion fluid properties very well. The trapped ions are the first demonstration of
the regular orbits in the chaotic particle dynamics [Chen and Palmadesso, J.
Geophys. Res., 91, 1499 (1986)] in self-consistent PIC simulations. They would
be observational signatures in the ion current layer near reconnection sites.


title:
Rapid convergence of the Weinberg expansion of the deuteron stripping
  amplitude

abstract:
  Theories of $(d,p)$ reactions frequently use a formalism based on a
transition amplitude that is dominated by the components of the total
three-body scattering wave function where the spatial separation between the
incoming neutron and proton is confined by the range of the $n$-$p$
interaction, $V_{np}$. By comparison with calculations based on the CDCC method
we show that the $(d,p)$ transition amplitude is dominated by the first term of
the expansion of the three-body wave function in a complete set of Weinberg
states. We use the \nuc{132}{Sn}(d,p)\nuc{133} {Sn} reaction at 30 and 100 MeV
as examples of contemporary interest. The generality of this observed dominance
and its implications for future theoretical developments are discussed.


title:
Chart description for hyperelliptic Lefschetz fibrations and their
  stabilization

abstract:
  Chart descriptions are a graphic method to describe monodromy representations
of various topological objects. Here we introduce a chart description for
hyperelliptic Lefschetz fibrations, and show that any hyperelliptic Lefschetz
fibration can be stabilized by fiber-sum with certain basic Lefschetz
fibrations.


title: Acceleration Modules in Linear Induction Accelerators

abstract:
  Linear Induction Accelerator (LIA) is a unique type of accelerator, which is
capable to accelerate kiloAmpere charged particle current to tens of MeV
energy. The present development of LIA in MHz busting mode and successful
application into synchrotron broaden LIAs usage scope. Although transformer
model is widely used to explain the acceleration mechanism of LIAs, it is not
appropriate to consider the induction electric field as the field which
accelerates charged particles for many modern LIAs. Authors examined the
transition of the magnetic cores functions during LIA acceleration modules
evolution, distinguished transformer type and transmission line type LIA
acceleration modules, and reconsidered several related issues based on
transmission line type LIA acceleration module. The clarified understanding
should be helpful in the further development and design of the LIA acceleration
modules.


title:
Environmental flow for Monsoon Rivers in India: The Yamuna River as a
  case study

abstract:
  We consider the flows of Monsoon Rivers in India that will permit the river
to perform all its natural functions. About 80% of the total flow for Indian
rivers is during the monsoon and the remaining 20% is during the non monsoon
period. By carrying out a case study of the river Yamuna in Delhi we find that
at least 50% of the virgin monsoon (July to September) flow is required for the
transport of the full spectrum of soil particles in the river sediment. A
similar flow is needed for adequate recharge of the floodplain aquifers along
river. For the non monsoon period (October to June) about 60% of the virgin
flow is necessary to avoid the growth of still water algae and to support river
biodiversity.


title:
Predicting the loss of phylogenetic diversity under non-stationary
  diversification models

abstract:
  For many taxa, the current high rates of extinction are likely to result in a
significant loss of biodiversity. The evolutionary heritage of biodiversity is
frequently quantified by a measure called phylogenetic diversity (PD). We
predict the loss of PD under a wide class of phylogenetic tree models, where
speciation rates and extinction rates may be time-dependent, and assuming
independent random species extinctions at the present. We study the loss of PD
when $K$ contemporary species are selected uniformly at random from the $N$
extant species as the surviving taxa, while the remaining $N-K$ become extinct.
We consider two models of species sampling, the so-called field of bullets
model, where each species independently survives the extinction event at the
present with probability $p$, and a model for which the number of surviving
species is fixed.
  We provide explicit formulae for the expected remaining PD in both models,
conditional on $N=n$, conditional on $K=k$, or conditional on both events. When
$N=n$ is fixed, we show the convergence to an explicit deterministic limit of
the ratio of new to initial PD, as $n\to\infty$, both under the field of
bullets model, and when $K=k_n$ is fixed and depends on $n$ in such a way that
$k_n/n$ converges to $p$. We also prove the convergence of this ratio as
$T\to\infty$ in the supercritical, time-homogeneous case, where $N$
simultaneously goes to $\infty$, thereby strengthening previous results of
Mooers et al. (2012).


title:
Robustness of fragmented condensate many-body states for continuous
  distribution amplitudes in Fock space

abstract:
  We consider a two-mode model describing scalar bosons with two-body
interactions in a single trap, taking into account coherent pair-exchange
between the modes. It is demonstrated that the resulting fragmented many-body
states with continuous (nonsingular) Fock-space distribution amplitudes are
robust against perturbations due to occupation number and relative phase
fluctuations, Josephson-type tunneling between the modes, and weakly broken
parity of orbitals, as well as against perturbations due to interaction with a
third mode.


title:
Tight bounds on the distinguishability of quantum states under separable
  measurements

abstract:
  One of the many interesting features of quantum nonlocality is that the
states of a multipartite quantum system cannot always be distinguished as well
by local measurements as they can when all quantum measurements are allowed. In
this work, we characterize the distinguishability of sets of multipartite
quantum states when restricted to separable measurements -- those which contain
the class of local measurements but nevertheless are free of entanglement
between the component systems. We consider two quantities: The separable
fidelity -- a truly quantum quantity -- which measures how well we can "clone"
the input state, and the classical probability of success, which simply gives
the optimal probability of identifying the state correctly.
  We obtain lower and upper bounds on the separable fidelity and give several
examples in the bipartite and multipartite settings where these bounds are
optimal. Moreover the optimal values in these cases can be attained by local
measurements. We further show that for distinguishing orthogonal states under
separable measurements, a strategy that maximizes the probability of success is
also optimal for separable fidelity. We point out that the equality of fidelity
and success probability does not depend on an using optimal strategy, only on
the orthogonality of the states. To illustrate this, we present an example
where two sets (one consisting of orthogonal states, and the other
non-orthogonal states) are shown to have the same separable fidelity even
though the success probabilities are different.


title: Quantum Phase Estimation with an Arbitrary Number of Qubits

abstract:
  Due to the great difficulty in scalability, quantum computers are limited in
the number of qubits during the early stages of the quantum computing regime.
In addition to the required qubits for storing the corresponding eigenvector,
suppose we have additional k qubits available. Given such a constraint k, we
propose an approach for the phase estimation for an eigenphase of exactly n-bit
precision. This approach adopts the standard recursive circuit for quantum
Fourier transform (QFT) and adopts classical bits to implement such a task. Our
algorithm has the complexity of O(n \log k), instead of O(n^2) in the
conventional QFT, in terms of the total invocation of rotation gates. We also
design a scheme to implement the factorization algorithm by using k available
qubits via either the continued fractions approach or the simultaneous
diophantine approximation.


title:
Cosmological horizon entropy and generalised second law for flat
  Friedmann Universe

abstract:
  We discuss the generalized second law (GSL) and the constraints imposed by it
for two types of Friedmann universes. The first one is the Friedmann universe
with radiation and a positive cosmological constant, and the second one
consists of non-relativistic matter and a positive cosmological constant. The
time evolution of the event horizon entropy and the entropy of the contents
within the horizon are analyses in an analytical way by obtaining the Hubble
parameter. It is shown that the GSL constraint the temperature of both the
radiation and matter of the Friedmann universe. It is also shown that, even
though the net entropy of the radiation (or matter) is decreasing at
sufficiently large times as the universe expand, it exhibit an increase during
the early times when universe is decelerating. That is the entropy of the
radiation within the comoving volume is decreasing only when the universe has
got an event horizon.


title:
Selecting Efficient Phase Estimation With Constant-Precision Phase Shift
  Operators

abstract:
  We investigate the cost of three phase estimation procedures that require
only constant-precision phase shift operators. The cost is in terms of the
number of elementary gates, not just the number of measurements. Faster phase
estimation requires the minimal number of measurements with a \log * factor of
reduction when the required precision n is large. The arbitrary
constant-precision approach (ACPA) requires the minimal number of elementary
gates with a minimal factor of 14 of reduction in comparison to Kitaev's
approach. The reduction factor increases as the precision gets higher in ACPA.
Kitaev's approach is with a reduction factor of 14 in comparison to the faster
phase estimation in terms of elementary gate counts.


title: Constraining new fundamental physics with multiwavelength astrometry

abstract:
  While the deflection of light is achromatic in General Relativity, it is not
always so in several new-physics models (e.g. certain quantum-gravity and
string-inspired models, models with nonminimal photon-gravity coupling or with
massive photon etc.). We discuss how parameters of these models may be
constrained by precise astrometry at different wavelenghts. From published
observations of the gravitational lens MG J2016+112, we obtain world-best
limits on chromatic gravitational deflection of light (and the unique limit on
the photon mass relevant for distance scales >Mpc). We also outline prospects
for further improvement of these limits.


title: J-Groups of Lens Spaces modulo Odd Prime Powers

abstract:
  We describe the J-Groups of lens spaces modulo odd prime powers via relations
and rational representations.


title:
Energy dependence of $\phi$-meson production and elliptic flow in Au+Au
  collisions at STAR

abstract:
  We present, the measurements of the $\phi$-meson production and elliptic flow
($v_{2}$) at mid-rapidity in Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7 - 200
GeV using the STAR detector in the years 2010 and 2011. The energy dependence
of nuclear modification factors ($R_{\rm{CP}}$) is presented. At the
intermediate transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) the $\Omega/\phi$ ratio shows a
different trend for $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 GeV compared to higher beam
energies. This may suggest change of particle production mechanism at
$\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 GeV. The number-of-constituent quark (NCQ) scaling of
$v_{2}$ has been studied at various beam energies. The NCQ scaling holds for
all identified particles for $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ $\geq$ 19.6 GeV, which can be
considered as an evidence of partonic collectivity. We observe at
$\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7 and 11.5 GeV, the $\phi$-meson $v_{2}$ falls off the
trend from the other hadrons at highest measured $p_{T}$ values by 1.8$\sigma$
and 2.3$\sigma$, respectively. This may indicate that the hadronic interaction
plays an important role at lower beam energies.


title:
Explicit solution of an inverse first-passage time problem for L\'{e}vy
  processes and counterparty credit risk

abstract:
  For a given Markov process $X$ and survival function $\overline{H}$ on
$\mathbb{R}^+$, the inverse first-passage time problem (IFPT) is to find a
barrier function $b:\mathbb{R}^+\to[-\infty,+\infty]$ such that the survival
function of the first-passage time $\tau_b=\inf \{t\ge0:X(t)<b(t)\}$ is given
by $\overline{H}$. In this paper, we consider a version of the IFPT problem
where the barrier is fixed at zero and the problem is to find an initial
distribution $\mu$ and a time-change $I$ such that for the time-changed process
$X\circ I$ the IFPT problem is solved by a constant barrier at the level zero.
For any L\'{e}vy process $X$ satisfying an exponential moment condition, we
derive the solution of this problem in terms of $\lambda$-invariant
distributions of the process $X$ killed at the epoch of first entrance into the
negative half-axis. We provide an explicit characterization of such
distributions, which is a result of independent interest. For a given
multi-variate survival function $\overline{H}$ of generalized frailty type, we
construct subsequently an explicit solution to the corresponding IFPT with the
barrier level fixed at zero. We apply these results to the valuation of
financial contracts that are subject to counterparty credit risk.


title: Coherence and Screening in Multi-Electron Spin Qubits

abstract:
  The performance of multi-electron spin qubits is examined by comparing
exchange oscillations in coupled single-electron and multi-electron quantum
dots in the same device. Fast (> 1 GHz) exchange oscillations with a quality
factor Q > 15 are found for the multi-electron case, compared to Q ~ 2 for the
single-electron case, the latter consistent with previous experiments. A model
of dephasing that includes voltage and hyperfine noise is developed that is in
good agreement with both single- and multi-electron data, though in both cases
additional exchange-independent dephasing is needed to obtain quantitative
agreement across a broad parameter range.


title:
First-principles calculations of spin-triplet andreev reflection spectra
  at half-metallic ferromagnet/superconductor interface

abstract:
  Combining the first-principles noncollinear calculations of scattering
matrices with Andreev approximation, we investigated the spin-triplet Andreev
reflection (AR) spectra for the interface between half-metallic ferromagnet
Co$_{2}$MnSi and \emph{s}-wave BCS superconductor Al with and without
interfacial roughness, where the orientations of magnetic moments near the
interface are randomly distributed. The calculated results show that the AR
spectra have peak structures near zero bias for the clean interface with
relative weak magnetic disorder. With increasing the degree of interfacial
roughness or magnetic disorder, these subgap peaks of conductance spectra will
be washed out. The results also show that the value of subgap conductance
spectrum can be raised significantly by the magnetic disorder. Finally, our
calculations reveal that the long-range spin-triplet AR in Co$_{2}$MnSi/Al(001)
interface can be enhanced by a small amount of interfacial roughness.


title: $\rho - \omega$ Mixing in $J/\psi\to VP$ Decays

abstract:
  The study on $\rho-\omega$ mixing is mainly focused on vector mesons decay
with isospin I=1, namely $\rho(\omega)\to\pi^+\pi^-$ process. In this paper, we
present the study of $\rho-\omega$ mixing in $\rho(\omega)\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$
(I=0) using a flavor parameterization model for $J/\psi\to VP$ process. By
fitting theoretical frame to PDG data, we obtain the SU(3)-breaking effect
parameters $s_V=0.03\pm 0.12,\ s_P=0.17\pm 0.17$ and the $\rho-\omega$ mixing
polarization operator $\Pi_{\rho \omega}=0.006\pm 0.011\text{\text{GeV}}^2$.
The branching ratios are also renewed when mixing effect is incorporated:
$Br(J/\psi\to \omega\pi^0) = (3.64 \pm 0.37)\times 10^{-4}$, $Br(J/\psi\to
\omega\eta) = (1.48 \pm 0.17)\times 10^{-3}$, $Br(J/\psi\to
\omega\eta^{\prime}) = (1.55\pm 0.56)\times 10^{-4}$; they are different from
the corresponding PDG2012 values by 19%, 15% and 15%, respectively.


title:
Electronic states in finite graphene nanoribbons: Effect of charging and
  defects

abstract:
  We study the electronic structure of finite armchair graphene nanoribbons
using density-functional theory and the Hubbard model, concentrating on the
states localized at the zigzag termini. We show that the energy gaps between
end-localized states are sensitive to doping, and that in doped systems, the
gap between the end-localized states decreases exponentially as a function of
the ribbon length. Doping also quenches the antiferromagnetic coupling between
the end-localized states leading to a spin-split gap in neutral ribbons. By
comparing dI/dV maps calculated using the many-body Hubbard model, its
mean-field approximation and density-functional theory, we show that the use of
a single-particle description is justified for graphene {\pi} states.
Furthermore, we study the effect of structural defects in the ribbons on their
electronic structure. Defects at one ribbon termini do not significantly modify
the electronic states localized at the intact end. This provides further
evidence for the interpretation of a multi-peaked structure in a recent
scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) experiment resulting from inelastic
tunneling processes [J. van der Lit et al., Nature Commun., in press (2013)].
Finally, we show that the hydrogen termination at the flake edges leaves
identifiable fingerprints on the positive bias side of STS measurements, thus
possibly aiding the experimental identification of graphene structures.


title: Efficient universal blind computation

abstract:
  We give a cheat sensitive protocol for blind universal quantum computation
that is efficient in terms of computational and communication resources: it
allows one party to perform an arbitrary computation on a second party's
quantum computer without revealing either which computation is performed, or
its input and output. The first party's computational capabilities can be
extremely limited: she must only be able to create and measure single-qubit
superposition states. The second party is not required to use measurement-based
quantum computation. The protocol requires the (optimal) exchange of O(J
log(N)) single-qubit states, where J is the computational depth and N is the
number of qubits needed for the computation.


title: Solvability of Cubic Graphs - From Four Color Theorem to NP-Complete

abstract:
  Similar to Euclidean geometry, graph theory is a science that studies figures
that consist of points and lines. The core of Euclidean geometry is the
parallel postulate, which provides the basis of the geometric invariant that
the sum of the angles in every triangle equals $\pi$ and Cramer's rule for
solving simultaneous linear equations. Since the counterpart of parallel
postulate in graph theory is not known, which could be the reason that two
similar problems in graph theory, namely the four color theorem (a topological
invariant) and the solvability of NP-complete problems (discrete simultaneous
equations), remain open to date. In this paper, based on the complex coloring
of cubic graphs, we propose the reducibility postulate of the Petersen
configuration to fill this gap. Comparing edge coloring with a system of linear
equations, we found that the postulate of reducibility in graph theory and the
parallel postulate in Euclidean geometry share some common characteristics of
the plane. First, they both provide solvability conditions on two equations in
the plane. Second, the two basic invariants of the plane, namely the chromatic
index of bridgeless cubic plane graphs and the sum of the angles in every
triangle, can be respectively deduced from them in a straightforward manner.
This reducibility postulation has been verified by more than one hundred
thousand instances of Peterson configurations generated by computer. Despite
that, we still don't have a logical proof of this assertion. Similar to that of
the parallel postulate, we tend to think that describing these natural laws by
even more elementary properties of the plane is inconceivable.


title: No categorial support for radical ontic structural realism

abstract:
  Radical ontic structural realism (ROSR) asserts an ontological commitment to
'free-standing' physical structures understood solely in terms of fundamental
relations, without any recourse to relata which stand in these relations. Bain
(2011) has recently defended ROSR against the common charge of incoherence by
arguing that a reformulation of fundamental physical theories in
category-theoretic terms (rather than the usual set-theoretic ones) offers a
coherent and precise articulation of the commitments accepted by ROSR. In this
essay, we argue that category theory does not offer a more hospitable
environment to ROSR than set theory. We also show that the application of
category-theoretic tools to topological quantum field theory and to algebraic
generalisations of general relativity do not warrant the claim that these
theories describe 'object-free' structures. We conclude that category theory
offers little if any comfort to ROSR.


title: Sparse Representation-based Image Quality Assessment

abstract:
  A successful approach to image quality assessment involves comparing the
structural information between a distorted and its reference image. However,
extracting structural information that is perceptually important to our visual
system is a challenging task. This paper addresses this issue by employing a
sparse representation-based approach and proposes a new metric called the
\emph{sparse representation-based quality} (SPARQ) \emph{index}. The proposed
method learns the inherent structures of the reference image as a set of basis
vectors, such that any structure in the image can be represented by a linear
combination of only a few of those basis vectors. This sparse strategy is
employed because it is known to generate basis vectors that are qualitatively
similar to the receptive field of the simple cells present in the mammalian
primary visual cortex. The visual quality of the distorted image is estimated
by comparing the structures of the reference and the distorted images in terms
of the learnt basis vectors resembling cortical cells. Our approach is
evaluated on six publicly available subject-rated image quality assessment
datasets. The proposed SPARQ index consistently exhibits high correlation with
the subjective ratings on all datasets and performs better or at par with the
state-of-the-art.


title: Mean-Variance and Expected Utility: The Borch Paradox

abstract:
  The model of rational decision-making in most of economics and statistics is
expected utility theory (EU) axiomatised by von Neumann and Morgenstern, Savage
and others. This is less the case, however, in financial economics and
mathematical finance, where investment decisions are commonly based on the
methods of mean-variance (MV) introduced in the 1950s by Markowitz. Under the
MV framework, each available investment opportunity ("asset") or portfolio is
represented in just two dimensions by the ex ante mean and standard deviation
$(\mu,\sigma)$ of the financial return anticipated from that investment.
Utility adherents consider that in general MV methods are logically incoherent.
Most famously, Norwegian insurance theorist Borch presented a proof suggesting
that two-dimensional MV indifference curves cannot represent the preferences of
a rational investor (he claimed that MV indifference curves "do not exist").
This is known as Borch's paradox and gave rise to an important but generally
little-known philosophical literature relating MV to EU. We examine the main
early contributions to this literature, focussing on Borch's logic and the
arguments by which it has been set aside.


title: Ext-analogues of Branching laws

abstract:
  We consider the Ext-analogues of branching laws of representations for a
group to its subgroups in the context of $p$-adic groups.


title: Inclusive diffraction at HERA

abstract:
  A new experimental analysis of the diffractive process $ep \rightarrow eXY$,
where $Y$ denotes a proton or its low mass excitation with $M_Y<1.6$ GeV, has
been performed with the H1 experiment at HERA \cite{Aaron:2012ad}. The main
results of this study are summarised in this document, together with the
comparisons to other measurements and theoretical predictions.


title: Electron transport across a metal-organic interface

abstract:
  We simulate the electron transport across the Au(111)-pentacene interface
using non-equilibrium Green's functions and density-functional theory
(NEGF-DFT), and calculate the bias-dependent electron transmission. We find
that the electrical contact resistance is dominated by the formation of a
Schottky barrier at the interface, and show that the conventional semiconductor
transport models across Schottky barriers need to be modified in order to
describe the simulation data. We present an extension of the conventional
Schottky barrier transport model, which can describe our simulation results and
rationalize recent experimental data.


title:
Beyond the random phase approximation: Improved description of short
  range correlation by a renormalized adiabatic local density approximation

abstract:
  We assess the performance of a recently proposed renormalized adiabatic local
density approximation (rALDA) for \textit{ab initio} calculations of electronic
correlation energies in solids and molecules. The method is an extension of the
random phase approximation (RPA) derived from time-dependent density functional
theory and the adiabatic connection fluctuation-dissipation theorem and
contains no fitted parameters. The new kernel is shown to preserve the accurate
description of dispersive interactions from RPA while significantly improving
the description of short range correlation in molecules, insulators, and
metals. For molecular atomization energies the rALDA is a factor of 7(4) better
than RPA(PBE) when compared to experiments, and a factor of 3(1.5) better than
RPA(PBE) for cohesive energies of solids. For transition metals the inclusion
of full shell semi-core states is found to be crucial for both RPA and rALDA
calculations and can improve the cohesive energies by up to 0.4 eV. Finally we
discuss straightforward generalizations of the method, which might improve
results even further.


title:
Copula Mixed-Membership Stochastic Blockmodel for Intra-Subgroup
  Correlations

abstract:
  The \emph{Mixed-Membership Stochastic Blockmodel (MMSB)} is a popular
framework for modeling social network relationships. It can fully exploit each
individual node's participation (or membership) in a social structure. Despite
its powerful representations, this model makes an assumption that the
distributions of relational membership indicators between two nodes are
independent. Under many social network settings, however, it is possible that
certain known subgroups of people may have high or low correlations in terms of
their membership categories towards each other, and such prior information
should be incorporated into the model. To this end, we introduce a \emph{Copula
Mixed-Membership Stochastic Blockmodel (cMMSB)} where an individual Copula
function is employed to jointly model the membership pairs of those nodes
within the subgroup of interest. The model enables the use of various Copula
functions to suit the scenario, while maintaining the membership's marginal
distribution, as needed, for modeling membership indicators with other nodes
outside of the subgroup of interest. We describe the proposed model and its
inference algorithm in detail for both the finite and infinite cases. In the
experiment section, we compare our algorithms with other popular models in
terms of link prediction, using both synthetic and real world data.


title:
Reversal of informational entropy and the acquisition of germ-like
  immortality by somatic cells

abstract:
  We live within an increasingly technological, information-laden environment
for the first time in human evolution.This subjects us, and will continue to
subject us in an accelerating fashion, to an unremitting exposure to meaningful
information that requires action. Directly dependent upon this new environment
are novel evolutionary pressures, which can modify existing resource allocation
mechanisms and may eventually favor the survival of somatic cells,particularly
neurons, at the expense of germ line cells. Here it is argued that persistent,
structured information-sharing in both virtual and real domains, leads to
increased biological complexity and functionality, which reflects upon human
survival characteristics. Certain immortalisation mechanisms currently employed
by germ cells may thus need to be downgraded in order to enable somatic cells
to manage these new energy demands placed by our modern environment. Relevant
concepts from a variety of disciplines such as the evolution of complex
adaptive systems, information theory, digital hyper-connectivity, and cell
immortalisation will be reviewed.


title:
On the Impact of Relay-side Channel State Information on Opportunistic
  Relaying

abstract:
  In this paper, outage performance of network topology-aware distributed
opportunistic relay selection strategies is studied with focus on the impact of
different levels of channel state information (CSI) available at relays.
Specifically, two scenarios with (a) exact instantaneous and (b) only
statistical CSI are compared with explicit account for both small-scale
Rayleigh fading and path loss due to random inter-node distances. Analytical
results, matching closely to simulations, suggest that although similar
diversity order can be achieved in both cases, the lack of precise CSI to
support relay selection translates into significant increase in the power
required to achieve the same level of QoS. In addition, when only statistical
CSI is available, achieving the same diversity order is associated with a clear
performance degradation at low SNR due to splitting of system resources between
multiple relays.


title: Quadratic polynomials, multipliers and equidistribution

abstract:
  Given a sequence of complex numbers {\rho}_n, we study the asymptotic
distribution of the sets of parameters c {\epsilon} C such that the quadratic
maps z^2 +c has a cycle of period n and multiplier {\rho}_n. Assume
1/n.log|{\rho}_n| tends to L. If L {\leq} log 2, they equidistribute on the
boundary of the Mandelbrot set. If L > log 2 they equidistribute on the
equipotential of the Mandelbrot set of level 2L - 2 log 2.


title:
A search for nontoroidal topological lensing in the Sloan Digital Sky
  Survey quasar catalog

abstract:
  Flat space models with multiply connected topology, which have compact
dimensions, are tested against the distribution of high-redshift ($z \geq 4$)
quasars of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). When the compact dimensions are
smaller in size than the observed universe, topological lensing occurs, in
which multiple images of single objects (ghost images) are observed. We improve
on the recently introduced method to identify ghost images by means of
four-point statistics. Our method is valid for any of the 17 multiply connected
flat models, including nontoroial ones that are compactified by screw motions
or glide reflection. Applying the method to the data revealed one possible case
of topological lensing caused by sixth-turn screw motion, however, it is
consistent with the simply connected model by this test alone. Moreover,
simulations suggest that we cannot exclude the other space models despite the
absence of their signatures. This uncertainty mainly originates from the patchy
coverage of SDSS in the South Galactic cap, and the situation will be improved
by future wide-field spectroscopic surveys.


title:
Non-linear relationship of cell hit and transformation probabilities in
  low dose of inhaled radon progenies

abstract:
  Cellular hit probabilities of alpha particles emitted by inhaled radon
progenies in sensitive bronchial epithelial cell nuclei were simulated at low
exposure levels to obtain useful data for the rejection or in support of the
linear-non-threshold (LNT) hypothesis. In this study, local distributions of
deposited inhaled radon progenies in airway bifurcation models were computed at
exposure conditions, which are characteristic of homes and uranium mines. Then,
maximum local deposition enhancement factors at bronchial airway bifurcations,
expressed as the ratio of local to average deposition densities, were
determined to characterize the inhomogeneity of deposition and to elucidate
their effect on resulting hit probabilities. The results obtained suggest that
in the vicinity of the carinal regions of the central airways the probability
of multiple hits can be quite high even at low average doses. Assuming a
uniform distribution of activity there are practically no multiple hits and the
hit probability as a function of dose exhibits a linear shape in the low dose
range. The results are quite the opposite in the case of hot spots revealed by
realistic deposition calculations, where practically all cells receive multiple
hits and the hit probability as a function of dose is non-linear in the average
dose range of 10-100 mGy.


title:
The space-time structure of the energy deposition into the bulk medium
  due to jet quenching

abstract:
  While jet quenching in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions is firmly
established as a phenomenon resulting from the interplay between hard
perturbative and soft fluid-dynamical Quantum Chromodynamics (or equivalently
the interaction between hard probes and bulk QCD matter), less is known with
certainty about the reaction of bulk matter to the passage of a jet. On general
grounds, a jet interacting while passing through a medium represents a source
of energy and momentum for the bulk matter fluid. If the precise form of such a
source term is known, the reaction of the medium can be computed using fluid
dynamics. Recent advances in the understanding of hard probes due to the wealth
of data from RHIC and LHC allow to constrain the source term better by
determining the energy flow away from hard modes. The aim of this work is to
discuss what can be learned from such constraints in the context of the
in-medium shower evolution code YaJEM-DE and to illustrate the role of
fluctuations in the energy deposition.


title: A Partial Hamiltonian Approach for Current Value Hamiltonian Systems

abstract:
  We develop a partial Hamiltonian framework to obtain reductions and
closed-form solutions via first integrals of current value Hamiltonian systems
of ordinary differential equations (ODEs).
  The approach is algorithmic and applies to many state and costate variables
of the current value Hamiltonian. However, we apply the method to models with
one control, one state and one costate variable to illustrate its
effectiveness. The current value Hamiltonian systems arise in economic growth
theory and other economic models. We explain our approach with the help of a
simple illustrative example and then apply it to two widely used economic
growth models: the Ramsey model with a constant relative risk aversion (CRRA)
utility function and Cobb Douglas technology and a one-sector AK model of
endogenous growth are considered. We show that our newly developed systematic
approach can be used to deduce results given in the literature and also to find
new solutions.


title: Convex Equipartitions: The Spicy Chicken Theorem

abstract:
  We show that, for any prime power n and any convex body K (i.e., a compact
convex set with interior) in Rd, there exists a partition of K into n convex
sets with equal volumes and equal surface areas. Similar results regarding
equipartitions with respect to continuous functionals and absolutely continuous
measures on convex bodies are also proven. These include a generalization of
the ham-sandwich theorem to arbitrary number of convex pieces confirming a
conjecture of Kaneko and Kano, a similar generalization of perfect partitions
of a cake and its icing, and a generalization of the Gromov-Borsuk-Ulam theorem
for convex sets in the model spaces of constant curvature.
  Most of the results in this paper appear in arxiv:1011.4762 and in
arxiv:1010.4611. Since the main results and techniques there are essentially
the same, we have merged the papers for journal publication. In this version we
also provide a technical alternative to a part of the proof of the main
topological result that avoids the use of compactly supported homology.


title:
Information flow and optimal protocol for Maxwell's demon single
  electron pump

abstract:
  We study the entropy and information flow in a Maxwell demon device based on
a single-electron transistor with controlled gate potentials. We construct the
protocols for measuring the charge states and manipulating the gate voltages
which minimizes irreversibility for (i) constant input power from the
environment or (ii) given energy gain. Charge measurement is modeled by a
series of detector readouts for time-dependent gate potentials, and the amount
of information obtained is determined. The protocols optimize irreversibility
that arises due to (i) enlargement of the configuration space on opening the
barriers, and (ii) finite rate of operation. These optimal protocols are
general and apply to all systems where barriers between different regions can
be manipulated.


title: S+Net: extending functional coordination with extra-functional semantics

abstract:
  This technical report introduces S+Net, a compositional coordination language
for streaming networks with extra-functional semantics. Compositionality
simplifies the specification of complex parallel and distributed applications;
extra-functional semantics allow the application designer to reason about and
control resource usage, performance and fault handling. The key feature of
S+Net is that functional and extra-functional semantics are defined
orthogonally from each other. S+Net can be seen as a simultaneous
simplification and extension of the existing coordination language S-Net, that
gives control of extra-functional behavior to the S-Net programmer. S+Net can
also be seen as a transitional research step between S-Net and AstraKahn,
another coordination language currently being designed at the University of
Hertfordshire. In contrast with AstraKahn which constitutes a re-design from
the ground up, S+Net preserves the basic operational semantics of S-Net and
thus provides an incremental introduction of extra-functional control in an
existing language.


title: Tulczyjew triples: from statics to field theory

abstract:
  We propose a geometric approach to dynamical equations of physics, based on
the idea of the Tulczyjew triple. We show the evolution of these concepts,
starting with the roots lying in the variational calculus for statics, through
Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics, and concluding with Tulczyjew triples for
classical field theories, illustrated with a numer of important examples.


title: The formation of massive Pop III stars in the presence of turbulence

abstract:
  Population III stars forming in the infant universe at z=30 heralded the end
of the cosmic dark ages. They are presumed to be assembled in so-called
minihaloes with virial temperatures of a few thousand K where collapse is
triggered by molecular hydrogen cooling. A central question concerns their
final masses, and whether fragmentation occurs during their formation. While
studies employing Lagrangian codes suggest fragmentation via a self-gravitating
disk, recent high resolution simulations indicated that disk formation is
suppressed. Here we report the first high-resolution large-eddy simulations
performed with the Eulerian grid-based code Enzo following the evolution beyond
the formation of the first peak, to investigate the accretion of the central
massive clump and potential fragmentation. For a total of 3 halos, we see that
a disk forms around the first clump. The central clump reaches $\sim10$ solar
masses after 40 years, while subsequent accretion is expected at a rate of
$10^{-2}$ solar masses per year. In one of these halos, additional clumps form
as a result of fragmentation which proceeds at larger scales. We note that
subgrid-scale turbulence yields relevant contributions to the stability of the
protostellar disks. We conclude that the first protostar may reach masses up to
$\rm 40-100 M_{\odot}$, which are only limited by the effect of radiative
feedback.


title: The topology of Stein fillable manifolds in high dimensions I

abstract:
  We give a bordism-theoretic characterisation of those closed almost contact
(2q+1)-manifolds (with q > 2) which admit a Stein fillable contact structure.
Our method is to apply Eliashberg's h-principle for Stein manifolds in the
setting of Kreck's modified surgery. As an application, we show that any simply
connected almost contact 7-manifold with torsion free second homotopy group is
Stein fillable. We also discuss the Stein fillability of exotic spheres and
examine subcritical Stein fillability.


title: Jet Results in pp and Pb-Pb Collisions at ALICE

abstract:
  We report results on jet production in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
from the ALICE collaboration. The jet cross section in pp collisions at
$\sqrt{s}$=2.76 TeV is presented, as well as the charged particle jet
production cross section and measurements of the jet fragmentation and jet
shape in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=7 TeV. NLO pQCD calculations and
simulations from MC event generators agree well with the data. Measurements of
jets with a resolution parameter $R$=0.2 in Pb-Pb collisions at
$\sqrt{s}_{NN}$=2.76 TeV show a strong, momentum dependent suppression in
central events with respect to pp collisions. The centrality dependence of the
suppression of charged particle jets relative to peripheral events is
presented. The ratio of jet spectra with $R$=0.2 and $R$=0.3 is found to be
similar in pp and Pb-Pb events. The analysis of the semi-inclusive distribution
of charged particle jets recoiling from a high-$p_{\rm T}$ trigger hadron
allows an unbiased measurement of the jet structure for larger cone radii.


title:
On the equation $x_1^2 + x_2^2 + x_3^2 + x_4^2 = N$ with variables such
  that $x_1 x_2 x_3 x_4 + 1$ is an almost-prime

abstract:
  We consider Lagrange's equation $x_1^2 + x_2^2 + x_3^2 + x_4^2 = N$, where
$N$ is a sufficiently large and odd integer, and prove that it has a solution
in natural numbers $x_1, \dots, x_4 $ such that $x_1 x_2 x_3 x_4 + 1$ has no
more than 48 prime factors.


title:
The vortex core excitation spectrum in gapped topological d-wave
  superconductors

abstract:
  There are indications that some high temperature unconventional
superconductors have a "complex" d-wave order parameter (with an admixture of
s-wave) leading to nonzero energy gap. Since the coherence length is short and
the Fermi energy is relatively small the quasiclassical approach is
inapplicable and the more complicated Bogoliubov-deGennes equations should be
used to investigate the excitation spectrum of such a material in a magneric
field. It turns out that equations for the gapped chiral d-wave superconductor,
simplify considerably and is the basis for any superconductor of that type with
a sufficiently large gap. The spectrum of core excitations of the Abrikosov
vortex in an anisotropic 3D sample exhibits several features. Unlike in
conventional and gapless superconductors the core has a single excitation mode
of order energy gap for each value of momentum along the field. This has a
large impact on thermal transport and vortex dynamics.


title: A Gamma Doradus Candidate In Eclipsing Binary BD And?

abstract:
  The BVR photometric light curves of the eclipsing binary BD And were obtained
in 2008 and 2009. We estimated the mass ratio of the system as 0.97 and the
photometric solutions were derived. The results show that BD And is a detached
binary system, whose components have a little temperature difference of about
40 K. By analyzing photometric available light minimum times, we also derived
an update ephemeris and found for the first time a possible periodic
oscillation with an amplitude of 0.011 days and a period of 9.6 years. The
results indicate that the periodic oscillation could be caused by a third
component physically attached to the eclipsing binary. After removing the light
variations due to the eclipses and proximity effects, the light-curve
distortions are further explained by the pulsation of the primary component
with a dominant period of 1 day. In accordance with the position of the primary
component on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram and its pulsation period, the
primary component of BD And could be an excellent gamma Doradus candidate. It
is rarely phenomenon that a component of the eclipsing binary system is a gamma
Doradus variable.


title: Robust Portfolios and Weak Incentives in Long-Run Investments

abstract:
  When the planning horizon is long, and the safe asset grows indefinitely,
isoelastic portfolios are nearly optimal for investors who are close to
isoelastic for high wealth, and not too risk averse for low wealth. We prove
this result in a general arbitrage-free, frictionless, semimartingale model. As
a consequence, optimal portfolios are robust to the perturbations in
preferences induced by common option compensation schemes, and such incentives
are weaker when their horizon is longer. Robust option incentives are possible,
but require several, arbitrarily large exercise prices, and are not always
convex.


title: Amplitude modulation of wind turbine noise

abstract:
  Due to swish and thump amplitude modulation, the noise of wind turbines cause
more annoyance than other environmental noise of the same average level. The
wind shear accounts for the thump modulation (van den Berg effect). Making use
of the wind speed measurements at the hub height, as well as at the top and the
bottom of the rotor disc (Fig.1), the non-standard wind profile is applied. It
causes variations in the A-weighted sound pressure level, LpA. The difference
between the maximum and minimum of LpA characterizes thump modulation (Fig.2).


title: Influence of refraction on wind turbine noise

abstract:
  A semi-empirical method is applied to calculate the time-average sound level
of wind turbine noise generation and propagation. Both are affected by wind
shear refraction. Under upwind conditions the partially ensonified zone
separates the fully ensonified zone (close to the turbine) and the shadow zone
(far away from the turbine). Refraction is described in terms of the wind speed
linear profile fitted to the power law profile. The rotating blades are treated
as a two-dimensional circular source in the vertical plane. Inside the
partially ensonified zone the effective A-weighted sound power decreases to
zero when the receiver moves from the turbine toward the shadow zone. The
presented results would be useful in practical applications to give a quick
estimate of the effect of refraction on wind turbine noise.


title: Non-equilibrium quantum magnetism in a dipolar lattice gas

abstract:
  Research on quantum magnetism with ultra-cold gases in optical lattices is
expected to open fascinating perspectives for the understanding of fundamental
problems in condensed-matter physics. Here we report on the first realization
of quantum magnetism using a degenerate dipolar gas in an optical lattice. In
contrast to their non-dipolar counterparts, dipolar lattice gases allow for
inter-site spin-spin interactions without relying on super-exchange energies,
which constitutes a great advantage for the study of spin lattice models. In
this paper we show that a chromium gas in a 3D lattice realizes a lattice model
resembling the celebrated t-J model, which is characterized by a
non-equilibrium spinor dynamics resulting from inter-site Heisenberg-like
spin-spin interactions provided by non-local dipole-dipole interactions.
Moreover, due to its large spin, chromium lattice gases constitute an excellent
environment for the study of quantum magnetism of high-spin systems, as
illustrated by the complex spin dynamics observed for doubly-occupied sites.


title:
Escape and propagation of UHECR protons and neutrons from GRBs, and the
  cosmic ray-neutrino connection

abstract:
  We present a model of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) production in the
shock-accelerated fireball of a gamma-ray burst. In addition to the standard
UHECR origin from neutron escape and decay into protons, our model considers
direct proton emission through leakage from the edges of the accelerated
baryon-loaded shells that make up the fireball. Depending on the optical
thickness of the shells to photohadronic interactions, the source falls in one
of three scenarios: the usual, optically thin source dominated by neutron
escape, an optically thick source to neutron escape, or a "direct escape"
scenario, where the main contribution to UHECRs comes from the leaked protons.
The associated neutrino production will be different for each scenario, and we
see that the standard "one neutrino per cosmic ray" assumption is valid only in
the optically thin case, while more than one neutrino per cosmic ray is
expected in the optically thick scenario. In addition, the extra direct escape
component enhances the high-energy part of the UHECR flux, thus improving the
agreement between the predictions and the observed flux.


title: Information Thermodynamics on Causal Networks

abstract:
  We study nonequilibrium thermodynamics of complex information flows induced
by interactions between multiple fluctuating systems. Characterizing
nonequilibrium dynamics by causal networks (i.e., Bayesian networks), we obtain
novel generalizations of the second law of thermodynamics and the fluctuation
theorem, which include an informational quantity characterized by the topology
of the causal network. Our result implies that the entropy production in a
single system in the presence of multiple other systems is bounded by the
information flow between these systems. We demonstrate our general result by a
simple model of biochemical adaptation.


title:
Quasi-lattices of qubits for generating inequivalent multipartite
  entanglements

abstract:
  The mesoscopic scale of superconducting qubits makes their inter-spacings
comparable to the scale of wavelength of a circuit cavity field to which they
commonly couple. This comparability results in inhomogeneous coupling
strengthes for each qubit and hence asynchronous Rabi excitation cycles among
the qubits that form a quasi-lattice. We find that such inhomogeneous coupling
benefits the formation of multi-photon resonances between the single-mode
cavity field and the quasi-lattice. The multi-photon resonances lead, in turn,
to the simultaneous generation of inequivalent GHZ and W types of multipartite
entanglement states, which are not transformable to each other through local
operations with classical communications. Applying the model on the 3-qubit
quasi-lattice and using the entanglement measures of both concurrence and
3-tangle, we verify that the inhomogeneous coupling specifically promotes the
generation of the totally inseparable GHZ state.


title:
Remarks on the regularity criteria of generalized MHD and Navier-Stokes
  systems

abstract:
  We study the regularity criteria of the three dimensional generalized MHD and
Navier-Stokes systems. In particular, we show that the regularity criteria of
the generalized MHD system may be reduced to depend only on two diagonal
entries of the Jacobian matrix of the velocity vector field or one vorticity
component and one entry of the Jacobian matrix of the velocity vector field.


title:
Horizontal and Vertical Ensemble with Deep Representation for
  Classification

abstract:
  Representation learning, especially which by using deep learning, has been
widely applied in classification. However, how to use limited size of labeled
data to achieve good classification performance with deep neural network, and
how can the learned features further improve classification remain indefinite.
In this paper, we propose Horizontal Voting Vertical Voting and Horizontal
Stacked Ensemble methods to improve the classification performance of deep
neural networks. In the ICML 2013 Black Box Challenge, via using these methods
independently, Bing Xu achieved 3rd in public leaderboard, and 7th in private
leaderboard; Jingjing Xie achieved 4th in public leaderboard, and 5th in
private leaderboard.


title:
Global regularity of logarithmically supercritical MHD system with zero
  diffusivity

abstract:
  We prove the global regularity of the solution pair to the N-dimensional
logarithmically supercritical magnetohydrodynamics system with zero
diffusivity. This is the endpoint case omitted in the work of [24]; it also
improves some previous results logarithmically.


title: Dimensional Oxidation of Non-geometric Fluxes in Type II Orientifolds

abstract:
  Some aspects of string compactifications with non-geometric fluxes are
revisited in the light of recent progress in double field theory. After
rederiving the general form of these fluxes, we consider the proposed flux
induced four-dimensional effective superpotential and oxidize its induced
scalar potential to terms in a ten-dimensional action. This analysis is
performed independently for an explicit toroidal type IIA and its T-dual type
IIB orientifold. We show in detail that the result of this bottom-up approach
is compatible with the gauged supergravity motivated flux formulation of the
double field theory action in both the NS-NS and the R-R sector.


title:
Recurrent scattering and memory effect at the Anderson localization
  transition

abstract:
  We report on ultrasonic measurements of the propagation operator in a
strongly scattering mesoglass. The backscattered field is shown to display a
deterministic spatial coherence due to a remarkably large memory effect induced
by long recurrent trajectories. Investigation of the recurrent scattering
contribution directly yields the probability for a wave to come back close to
its starting spot. The decay of this quantity with time is shown to change
dramatically near the Anderson localization transition. The singular value
decomposition of the propagation operator reveals the dominance of very intense
recurrent scattering paths near the mobility edge.


title:
Remarks on the global regularity of two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics
  system with zero dissipation

abstract:
  We study the two-dimensional generalized magnetohydrodynamics system with
generalized dissipation and diffusion in terms of fractional Laplacians. It is
known that the classical magnetohydrodynamics system with full Laplacians in
both dissipation and diffusion terms admits a unique global strong solution
pair. Making use of the special structure of the system in the two-dimensional
case, we show in particular that the solution pair remains smooth when we have
zero dissipation but only magnetic diffusion with its power of the fractional
Laplacian $\beta > \frac{3}{2}$.


title:
Deformations of special Legendrian submanifolds in Sasaki-Einstein
  manifolds

abstract:
  In this paper we study the deformation theory of submanifolds characterized
by a system of differential forms and provide a criterion for deformations of
such submanifolds to be unobstructed. We apply this deformation theory to
special Legendrian submanifolds in Sasaki-Einstein manifolds. In general,
special Legendrian deformations have the obstruction. However, we show that the
deformation space of special Legendrian submanifolds is the intersection of two
larger smooth deformation spaces of different types. We also prove that any
special Legendrian submanifold admits smooth deformations, which are not
special Legendrian deformations, given by harmonic $1$-forms.


title:
Binodal layer in isentropically expanding slab target with van der Waals
  equation of state

abstract:
  Pecularities of isentropic expansion of warm dense matter (WDM) created by
intense energy fluxes are under discussion in situation when thermodynamic
trajectory of such expansion crosses binodal of liquid-gas phase transition and
expansion within two-phase region is going along equilibrium branch of the
isentrope for two-phase mixture . It is known for the case of plane geometry
(Anisimov, Inogamov et al. 1999) that because of sharp break of the expansion
isoentrope at boiling point there appears extended zone (liquid layer) of
uniformity for expanding material with constant thermodynamic and kinematic
parameters, which corresponds to the state on binodal. General properties of
such boiling (binodal) layer were claimed and discussed before for the cases of
isentropic expansion of infinite sample as well as for finite plane and
spherical samples (slab and ball) and for the system of well positioned slabs
(stuck target). Thermodynamic and kinematic parameters of discussed binodal
layer are studied in present paper with the use of simplest Van der Waals
equation of state (EOS). Advantage of VdW-EOS is possibility of demonstrable
and semi-analytical description of thermo- and hydrodynamics of the process.
Current work studies phenomenon in planar case of isentropic expansion of
finite sized layer (slab) of VdW-matter.


title: Concavity Effects on the Optical Properties of Aromatic Hydrocarbons

abstract:
  We study the modifications on the ground and excited state properties of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), induced by the variation of concavity
and $\pi$-connectivity. Inspired by experimentally feasible systems, we study
three series of PAHs, from H-saturated graphene flakes to geodesic buckybowls,
related to the formation of fullerene C60 and C50-carbon nanotube caps. Working
within the framework of quantum chemistry semi-empirical methods AM1 and
ZINDO/S, we find that the interplay between concavity and \pi-connectivity
shifts the bright optical lines to higher energies, and introduces
symmetry-forbidden dark excitations at low energy. A generally good agreement
with the available experimental data supports our results, which can be viewed
as the basis for designing optical properties of novel curved aromatic
molecules.


title: Two-photon optics of Bessel-Gaussian modes

abstract:
  In this paper we consider geometrical two-photon optics of Bessel-Gaussian
modes generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion of a Gaussian pump
beam. We provide a general theoretical expression for the orbital angular
momentum (OAM) spectrum and Schmidt number in this basis and show how this may
be varied by control over the radial degree of freedom, a continuous parameter
in Bessel-Gaussian modes. As a test we first implement a back-projection
technique to classically predict, by experiment, the quantum correlations for
Bessel-Gaussian modes produced by three holographic masks, a blazed axicon,
binary axicon and a binary Bessel function. We then proceed to test the theory
on the down-converted photons using the binary Bessel mask. We experimentally
quantify the number of usable OAM modes and confirm the theoretical prediction
of a flattening in the OAM spectrum and a concomitant increase in the OAM
bandwidth. The results have implications for the control of dimensionality in
quantum states.


title: Do the close binaries HD 22128 and HD 56495 contain Ap or Am stars?

abstract:
  HD 22128 and HD 56495 are both double-lined spectroscopic binary systems with
short orbital periods, which have been proposed to host magnetic Ap stars. Ap
stars in short period binary systems are very rare, and may provide insight
into the origin of magnetism in A-type stars. We study these two systems using
high-resolution MuSiCoS spectropolarimetric data, in order to asses the
presence of magnetic fields and study the atmospheric chemistry of the
components. This represents the first modern magnetic measurements and careful
spectroscopic analyses of these stars. We find no evidence of a magnetic field
in any of the stars, with precise uncertainties on the longitudinal magnetic
field of 50 and 80 G in the components of HD 22128, and 80 and 100 G in the
components of HD 56495. We performed detailed abundance analyses of both stars
in both systems, finding clear evidence of Am chemical peculiarities in both
components of HD 22128, and in the brighter component of HD 56495, with
overabundant iron peak elements and underabundant Sc and Ca. The less luminous
component of HD 56495 is chemically normal. The atmospheric chemistry is
consistent with the absence of magnetic fields, and consistent with the theory
of Am star formation proposing that tidal interactions slow the rotation rate
of the star, allowing atomic diffusion to proceed efficiently.