title:
Accelerating very fast gas in the supernova impostor sn 2009ip with jets
  from a stellar companion

abstract:
  Using hydrodynamical numerical simulations we show that high-velocity ejecta
with 10,000 km/s in the outbursts of the supernova impostor SN 2009ip and
similar luminous blue variable (LBV) stars can be explained by the interaction
of fast jets, having velocity of 2000-3000 km/s, with a circumbinary shell
(extended envelope). The density profile in the shell is very steep such that
the shock wave, that is excited by the jets' interaction with the shell,
accelerates to high velocities as it propagates outward. The amount of very
fast ejecta is small, but sufficient to account for some absorption lines. Such
an extended envelope can be formed from the binary interaction and/or the
unstable phase of the LBV primary star. The jets themselves are launched by the
more compact secondary star near periastron passages.


title:
Spectral evolution of two-dimensional kinetic plasma turbulence in the
  wavenumber-frequency domain

abstract:
  We present a method for studying the evolution of plasma turbulence by
tracking dispersion relations in the energy spectrum in the
wavenumber-frequency domain. We apply hybrid plasma simulations in a simplified
two-dimensional geometry to demonstrate our method and its applicability to
plasma turbulence in the ion kinetic regime. We identify four dispersion
relations: ion-Bernstein waves, oblique whistler waves, oblique
Alfv\'en/ion-cyclotron waves, and a zero-frequency mode. The energy partition
and frequency broadening are evaluated for these modes. The method allows us to
determine the evolution of decaying plasma turbulence in our restricted
geometry and shows that it cascades along the dispersion relations during the
early phase with an increasing broadening around the dispersion relations.


title: Completely positive projections and biproducts

abstract:
  The recently introduced CP*-construction unites quantum channels and
classical systems, subsuming the earlier CPM-construction in categorical
quantum mechanics. We compare this construction to two earlier attempts at
solving this problem: freely adding biproducts to CPM, and freely splitting
idempotents in CPM. The CP*-construction embeds the former, and embeds into the
latter, but neither embedding is an equivalence in general.


title: The gradient flow in a twisted box

abstract:
  We study the perturbative behavior of the gradient flow in a twisted box. We
apply this information to define a running coupling using the energy density of
the flow field. We study the step-scaling function and the size of cutoff
effects in SU(2) pure gauge theory. We conclude that the twisted gradient flow
running coupling scheme is a valid strategy for step-scaling purposes due to
the relatively mild cutoff effects and high precision.


title: Studying the gradient flow coupling in the Schr\"odinger functional

abstract:
  We discuss the setup and features of a new definition of the running coupling
in the Schr\"odinger functional scheme based on the gradient flow. Its
suitability for a precise continuum limit in QCD is demonstrated on a set of
Nf=2 gauge field ensembles in a physical volume of L~0.4fm.


title: On the Throughput and Energy Efficiency of Cognitive MIMO Transmissions

abstract:
  In this paper, throughput and energy efficiency of cognitive multiple-input
multiple-output (MIMO) systems operating under quality-of-service (QoS)
constraints, interference limitations, and imperfect channel sensing, are
studied. It is assumed that transmission power and covariance of the input
signal vectors are varied depending on the sensed activities of primary users
(PUs) in the system. Interference constraints are applied on the transmission
power levels of cognitive radios (CRs) to provide protection for the PUs whose
activities are modeled as a Markov chain. Considering the reliability of the
transmissions and channel sensing results, a state-transition model is
provided. Throughput is determined by formulating the effective capacity. First
derivative of the effective capacity is derived in the low-power regime and the
minimum bit energy requirements in the presence of QoS limitations and
imperfect sensing results are identified. Minimum energy per bit is shown to be
achieved by beamforming in the maximal-eigenvalue eigenspace of certain
matrices related to the channel matrix. In a special case, wideband slope is
determined for more refined analysis of energy efficiency. Numerical results
are provided for the throughput for various levels of buffer constraints and
different number of transmit and receive antennas. The impact of interference
constraints and benefits of multiple-antenna transmissions are determined. It
is shown that increasing the number of antennas when the interference power
constraint is stringent is generally beneficial. On the other hand, it is shown
that under relatively loose interference constraints, increasing the number of
antennas beyond a certain level does not lead to much increase in the
throughput.


title: Hybrid architecture for encoded measurement-based quantum computation

abstract:
  We present a hybrid scheme for quantum computation that combines the modular
structure of elementary building blocks used in the circuit model with the
advantages of a measurement-based approach to quantum computation. We show how
to construct optimal resource states of minimal size to implement elementary
building blocks for encoded quantum computation in a measurement-based way,
including states for error correction and encoded gates. The performance of the
scheme is determined by the quality of the resource states, where within this
error model we find a threshold of the order of 10% local noise per particle
for fault-tolerant quantum computation and quantum communication.


title:
On the local eigenvalue spacings for certain Anderson-Bernoulli
  Hamiltonians

abstract:
  The aim of this work is to extend the results from [B2] on local eigenvalue
spacings to certain 1D lattice Schrodinger with a Bernoulli potential. We
assume the disorder satisfies a certain algebraic condition that enables one to
invoke the recent results from [B1] on the regularity of the density of states.
In particular we establish Poisson local eigenvalue statistics in those models


title: Distribution of Mutual Information in Multipartite States

abstract:
  Using the relative entropy of total correlation, we derive an expression
relating the mutual information of $n$-partite pure states to the sum of the
mutual informations and entropies of its marginals and analyze some of its
implications. Besides, by utilizing the extended strong subadditivity of von
Neumann entropy, we obtain generalized monogamy relations for the total
correlation in three-partite mixed states. These inequalities lead to a tight
lower bound for this correlation in terms of the sum of the bipartite mutual
informations. We use this bound to propose a measure for residual three-partite
total correlation and discuss the non-applicability of this kind of quantifier
to measure genuine multiparty correlations.


title:
Nonreciprocal light transmission in parity-time-symmetric
  whispering-gallery microcavities

abstract:
  Optical systems combining balanced loss and gain profiles provide a unique
platform to implement classical analogues of quantum systems described by
non-Hermitian parity-time- (PT-) symmetric Hamiltonians and to originate new
synthetic materials with novel properties. To date, experimental works on
PT-symmetric optical systems have been limited to waveguides in which
resonances do not play a role. Here we report the first demonstration of
PT-symmetry breaking in optical resonator systems by using two directly coupled
on-chip optical whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microtoroid silica resonators.
Gain in one of the resonators is provided by optically pumping Erbium (Er3+)
ions embedded in the silica matrix; the other resonator exhibits passive loss.
The coupling strength between the resonators is adjusted by using
nanopositioning stages to tune their distance. We have observed reciprocal
behavior of the PT-symmetric system in the linear regime, as well as a
transition to nonreciprocity in the PT symmetry-breaking phase transition due
to the significant enhancement of nonlinearity in the broken-symmetry phase.
Our results represent a significant advance towards a new generation of
synthetic optical systems enabling on-chip manipulation and control of light
propagation.

categories: physics.optics cond-mat.mtrl-sci math-ph math.MP physics.class-ph quant-ph


title: Decentralized Online Big Data Classification - a Bandit Framework

abstract:
  Distributed, online data mining systems have emerged as a result of
applications requiring analysis of large amounts of correlated and
high-dimensional data produced by multiple distributed data sources. We propose
a distributed online data classification framework where data is gathered by
distributed data sources and processed by a heterogeneous set of distributed
learners which learn online, at run-time, how to classify the different data
streams either by using their locally available classification functions or by
helping each other by classifying each other's data. Importantly, since the
data is gathered at different locations, sending the data to another learner to
process incurs additional costs such as delays, and hence this will be only
beneficial if the benefits obtained from a better classification will exceed
the costs. We assume that the classification functions available to each
processing element are fixed, but their prediction accuracy for various types
of incoming data are unknown and can change dynamically over time, and thus
they need to be learned online. We model the problem of joint classification by
the distributed and heterogeneous learners from multiple data sources as a
distributed contextual bandit problem where each data is characterized by a
specific context. We develop distributed online learning algorithms for which
we can prove that they have sublinear regret. Compared to prior work in
distributed online data mining, our work is the first to provide analytic
regret results characterizing the performance of the proposed algorithms.


title:
Coherent exciton dynamics in supramolecular light-harvesting nanotubes
  revealed by ultrafast quantum process tomography

abstract:
  Long-lived exciton coherences have been recently observed in photosynthetic
complexes via ultrafast spectroscopy, opening exciting possibilities for the
study and design of coherent exciton transport. Yet, ambiguity in the
spectroscopic signals has led to arguments for interpreting them in terms of
the exciton dynamics, demanding more stringent tests. We propose a novel
strategy, Quantum Process Tomography (QPT) for ultrafast spectroscopy, to
reconstruct the evolving quantum state of excitons in double-walled
supramolecular light-harvesting nanotubes at room temperature. The protocol
calls for eight transient grating experiments with varied pulse spectra. Our
analysis reveals unidirectional energy transfer from the outer to the inner
wall excitons, absence of nonsecular processes, and an unexpected coherence
between those two states lasting about 150 femtoseconds, indicating weak
electronic coupling between the walls. Our work constitutes the first
experimental QPT in a 'warm' and complex system, and provides an elegant scheme
to maximize information from ultrafast spectroscopy experiments.


title:
Is the `disappearance' of low-frequency QPOs in the power spectra a
  general phenomenon for Disk-Jet symbiosis?

abstract:
  One of the best possible ways to look for disk-Jet symbiosis in galactic
Black Holes is to study the correlation between X-ray and radio emissions.
Beyond this study, is there any alternative way to trace the symbiosis? To
answer, we investigated the X-ray features of few black hole candidates based
on the archival data of PCA/RXTE. We found evidences of `disappearance' of QPOs
in the power density spectra and subsequent spectral softening of the energy
spectra during the radio flares (i.e., `transient' Jets). We delve deep into
the nature of the accretion dynamics to understand the disk-Jet symbiosis.


title: Distributed Online Learning via Cooperative Contextual Bandits

abstract:
  In this paper we propose a novel framework for decentralized, online learning
by many learners. At each moment of time, an instance characterized by a
certain context may arrive to each learner; based on the context, the learner
can select one of its own actions (which gives a reward and provides
information) or request assistance from another learner. In the latter case,
the requester pays a cost and receives the reward but the provider learns the
information. In our framework, learners are modeled as cooperative contextual
bandits. Each learner seeks to maximize the expected reward from its arrivals,
which involves trading off the reward received from its own actions, the
information learned from its own actions, the reward received from the actions
requested of others and the cost paid for these actions - taking into account
what it has learned about the value of assistance from each other learner. We
develop distributed online learning algorithms and provide analytic bounds to
compare the efficiency of these with algorithms with the complete knowledge
(oracle) benchmark (in which the expected reward of every action in every
context is known by every learner). Our estimates show that regret - the loss
incurred by the algorithm - is sublinear in time. Our theoretical framework can
be used in many practical applications including Big Data mining, event
detection in surveillance sensor networks and distributed online recommendation
systems.


title: The torque on a dipole in uniform motion

abstract:
  We calculate the torque on an ideal (point) dipole moving with constant
velocity through uniform electric and magnetic fields.


title:
Brittle fracture in a periodic structure with internal potential energy.
  Quasi-static analysis

abstract:
  We consider a linearly elastic body consisting of two equal symmetrically
arranged layers (or half-planes) connected by a structured interface as a
prospective crack path. The interface is comprised by periodic discrete system
of bonds. In the initial state with no external forces, the bonds are assumed
to be stressed in such a way that tensile and compressive forces of the same
value alternate. In the general considerations, the layers are assumed to be of
a general, unspecified {\em periodic} structure, where such self-equilibrated
residual stresses can also exist. A two-line chain and an anisotropic lattice
are examined as illustrative examples. We consider the states of the
body-with-a-crack under the residual stresses and under a combined action of
the remote forces and residual stresses. Analytical solutions to the considered
problems are presented. The solutions are based on a selective discrete
transform introduced. In particular, it is found that a formula for
local-to-global energy release ratio, written in terms of the Wiener-Hopf
equation kernel, is very general. We show that the residual stresses can
manifest themselves in a number of phenomena such as the crack bridging,
`porous' in front of the crack and crack growth irregularities. We also
demonstrate analytically and graphically that the residual stresses can result
in increase as well as in decrease of the crack resistance depending on the
internal energy level. The quasi-static considerations suggest different
scenarios of the crack growth depending on the internal energy level.


title:
Local Tb theorem with L2 testing conditions and general measures: Square
  functions

abstract:
  Local Tb theorems with Lp type testing conditions, which are not scale
invariant, have been studied widely in the case of the Lebesgue measure. In the
non-homogeneous world local Tb theorems have only been proved assuming scale
invariant ($L^{\infty}$ or BMO) testing conditions. In this paper, for the
first time, we overcome these obstacles in the non-homogeneous world, and prove
a non-homogeneous local Tb theorem with L2 type testing conditions. This paper
is in the setting of the vertical and conical square functions defined using
general measures and kernels. The proof uses various recent innovations
including a Whitney averaging formula and the insertion of a Calderon-Zygmund
stopping data of a fixed function in to the construction of the twisted
martingale difference operators.


title:
Codeword or noise? Exact random coding exponents for slotted
  asynchronism

abstract:
  We consider the problem of slotted asynchronous coded communication, where in
each time frame (slot), the transmitter is either silent or transmits a
codeword from a given (randomly selected) codebook. The task of the decoder is
to decide whether transmission has taken place, and if so, to decode the
message. We derive the optimum detection/decoding rule in the sense of the best
trade-off among the probabilities of decoding error, false alarm, and
misdetection. For this detection/decoding rule, we then derive single-letter
characterizations of the exact exponential rates of these three probabilities
for the average code in the ensemble.


title:
Spin-1/2 $J_{1}$-$J_{2}$ Heisenberg model on a cross-striped square
  lattice

abstract:
  Using the coupled cluster method (CCM) we study the full (zero-temperature)
ground-state (GS) phase diagram of a spin-half ($s=1/2$) $J_{1}$-$J_{2}$
Heisenberg model on a cross-striped square lattice. Each site of the square
lattice has 4 nearest-neighbour exchange bonds of strength $J_{1}$ and 2
next-nearest-neighbour (diagonal) bonds of strength $J_{2}$. The $J_{2}$ bonds
are arranged so that the basic square plaquettes in alternating columns have
either both or no $J_{2}$ bonds included. The classical ($s \rightarrow
\infty$) version of the model has 4 collinear phases when $J_{1}$ and $J_{2}$
can take either sign. Three phases are antiferromagnetic (AFM), showing
so-called N\'{e}el, double N\'{e}el and double columnar striped order
respectively, while the fourth is ferromagnetic. For the quantum $s=1/2$ model
we use the 3 classical AFM phases as CCM reference states, on top of which the
multispin-flip configurations arising from quantum fluctuations are
incorporated in a systematic truncation hierarchy. Calculations of the
corresponding GS energy, magnetic order parameter and the susceptibilities of
the states to various forms of valence-bond crystalline (VBC) order are thus
carried out numerically to high orders of approximation and then extrapolated
to the (exact) physical limit. We find that the $s=1/2$ model has 5 phases,
which correspond to the four classical phases plus a new quantum phase with
plaquette VBC order. The positions of the 5 quantum critical points are
determined with high accuracy. While all 4 phase transitions in the classical
model are first order, we find strong evidence that 3 of the 5 quantum phase
transitions in the $s=1/2$ model are of continuous deconfined type.


title:
The effects of thermodynamic stability on wind properties in different
  low mass black hole binary states

abstract:
  We present a systematic theory-motivated study of the thermodynamic stability
condition as an explanation for the observed accretion disk wind signatures in
different states of low mass black hole binaries (BHB). The variability in
observed ions is conventionally explained either by variations in the driving
mechanisms or the changes in the ionizing flux or due to density effects,
whilst thermodynamic stability considerations have been largely ignored. It
would appear that the observability of particular ions in different BHB states
can be accounted for through simple thermodynamic considerations in the static
limit. Our calculations predict that in the disk dominated soft thermal and
intermediate states, the wind should be thermodynamically stable and hence
observable. On the other hand, in the powerlaw dominated spectrally hard state
the wind is found to be thermodynamically unstable for a certain range of 3.55
<= log \xi <= 4.20. In the spectrally hard state, a large number of the He-like
and H-like ions (including e.g. Fe XXV, Ar XVIII and S XV) have peak ion
fractions in the unstable ionization parameter (\xi) range, making these ions
undetectable. Our theoretical predictions have clear corroboration in the
literature reporting differences in wind ion observability as the BHBs
transition through the accretion states Lee et al. 2002; Miller et al. 2008;
Neilsen & Lee 2009; Blum et al. 2010; Ponti et al. 2012; Neilsen & Homan 2012).
While this effect may not be the only one responsible for the observed gradient
in the wind properties as a function of the accretion state in BHBs, it is
clear that its inclusion in the calculations is crucial to understanding the
link between the environment of the compact object and its accretion processes.


title: New subluminal and superluminal spacetime measures

abstract:
  In present work the author presents a new set of spacetime measures for both,
subluminal and superluminal motion regimes, which do not diverge for the speed
of light in the former case and each regime has its own light-like cone which
warrants causality to each regime. For events located in the vicinity of the
light cone and inside it, there exists the possibility to transit across the
speed of light value in a discrete way, in terms of the very small constant
which we introduce here to prevent the divergence of our spacetime measures at
the speed of light.


title:
Classical chiral kinetic theory and anomalies in even space-time
  dimensions

abstract:
  We propose a classical action for the motion of massless Weyl fermions in a
background gauge field in (2N+1)+1 spacetime dimensions. We use this action to
derive the collisionless Boltzmann equation for a gas of such particles, and
show how classical versions of the gauge and Abelian chiral anomalies arise
from the Chern character of the non-Abelian Berry connection that parallel
transports the spin degree of freedom in momentum space.


title:
Network Reliability: The effect of local network structure on diffusive
  processes

abstract:
  This paper re-introduces the network reliability polynomial - introduced by
Moore and Shannon in 1956 -- for studying the effect of network structure on
the spread of diseases. We exhibit a representation of the polynomial that is
well-suited for estimation by distributed simulation. We describe a collection
of graphs derived from Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi and scale-free-like random graphs in
which we have manipulated assortativity-by-degree and the number of triangles.
We evaluate the network reliability for all these graphs under a reliability
rule that is related to the expected size of a connected component. Through
these extensive simulations, we show that for positively or neutrally
assortative graphs, swapping edges to increase the number of triangles does not
increase the network reliability. Also, positively assortative graphs are more
reliable than neutral or disassortative graphs with the same number of edges.
Moreover, we show the combined effect of both assortativity-by-degree and the
presence of triangles on the critical point and the size of the smallest
subgraph that is reliable.


title: Checking Flavour Models at Neutrino Facilities

abstract:
  In the recent years, the industry of model building has been the subject of
the intense activity, especially after the measurement of a relatively large
values of the reactor angle. Special attention has been devoted to the use of
non-abelian discrete symmetries, thanks to their ability of reproducing some of
the relevant features of the neutrino mixing matrix. In this paper, we consider
two special relations between the leptonic mixing angles, arising from models
based on S4 and A4, and study whether, and to which extent, they can be
distinguished at superbeam facilities, namely T2K, NOvA and T2HK.


title: An entropic analysis of approximate quantum error correction

abstract:
  The concept of entropy and the correct application of the Second Law of
thermodynamics are essential in order to understand the reason why quantum
error correction is thermodynamically possible and no violation of the Second
Law occurs during its execution. We report in this work our first steps towards
an entropic analysis extended to approximate quantum error correction (QEC).
Special emphasis is devoted to the link among quantum state discrimination
(QSD), quantum information gain, and quantum error correction in both the exact
and approximate QEC scenarios.


title: Filiform Lie algebras of dimension 8 as degenerations

abstract:
  For each complex 8-dimensional filiform Lie algebra we find another non
isomorphic Lie algebra that degenerates to it. Since this is already known for
nilpotent Lie algebras of rank $\ge 1$, only the caracteristically nilpotent
ones should be considered.


title:
A simple comparative analysis of exact and approximate quantum error
  correction

abstract:
  We present a comparative analysis of exact and approximate quantum error
correction by means of simple unabridged analytical computations. For the sake
of clarity, using primitive quantum codes, we study the exact and approximate
error correction of the two simplest unital (Pauli errors) and nonunital
(non-Pauli errors) noise models, respectively. The similarities and differences
between the two scenarios are stressed. In addition, the performances of
quantum codes quantified by means of the entanglement fidelity for different
recovery schemes are taken into consideration in the approximate case. Finally,
the role of self-complementarity in approximate quantum error correction is
briefly addressed.


title:
Approximate quantum error correction for generalized amplitude damping
  errors

abstract:
  We present analytic estimates of the performances of various approximate
quantum error correction schemes for the generalized amplitude damping (GAD)
qubit channel. Specifically, we consider both stabilizer and nonadditive
quantum codes. The performance of such error-correcting schemes is quantified
by means of the entanglement fidelity as a function of the damping probability
and the non-zero environmental temperature. The recovery scheme employed
throughout our work applies, in principle, to arbitrary quantum codes and is
the analogue of the perfect Knill-Laflamme recovery scheme adapted to the
approximate quantum error correction framework for the GAD error model. We also
analytically recover and/or clarify some previously known numerical results in
the limiting case of vanishing temperature of the environment, the well-known
traditional amplitude damping channel. In addition, our study suggests that
degenerate stabilizer codes and self-complementary nonadditive codes are
especially suitable for the error correction of the GAD noise model. Finally,
comparing the properly normalized entanglement fidelities of the best
performant stabilizer and nonadditive codes characterized by the same length,
we show that nonadditive codes outperform stabilizer codes not only in terms of
encoded dimension but also in terms of entanglement fidelity.


title: Observation of the decay $B_s^0\to\bar{D}^0\phi$

abstract:
  First observation of the decay Bs -> D0bar phi is reported using pp collision
data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb^-1, collected by the
LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The significance of the
signal is 6.2 standard deviations. The branching fraction is measured relative
to that of the decay Bs -> D0bar K*0bar to be 0.069 +/- 0.013 (stat) +/- 0.007
(syst). The first measurement of the ratio of branching fractions for the
decays Bs -> D0bar K*0bar and Bd->D0bar K*0 is found to be 7.8 +/- 0.7 (stat)
+/- 0.3 (syst) +/- 0.6 (f_s/f_d), where the last uncertainty is due to the
ratio of the Bs and Bd fragmentation fractions.


title: Dispersionless BKP Hierarchy and Quadrant L\"owner Equation

abstract:
  We show that $N$-variable reduction of the dispersionless BKP hierarchy is
described by a L\"owner type equation for the quadrant.


title: Fractional Calculus of Variations of Several Independent Variables

abstract:
  We prove multidimensional integration by parts formulas for generalized
fractional derivatives and integrals. The new results allow us to obtain
optimality conditions for multidimensional fractional variational problems with
Lagrangians depending on generalized partial integrals and derivatives. A
generalized fractional Noether's theorem, a formulation of Dirichlet's
principle and an uniqueness result are given.


title:
Ultra high densities of cold atoms in a holographically controlled dark
  SPOT trap

abstract:
  We demonstrate an atom trap geometry for 87Rb which is capable of producing
ultra high atom densities. Reradiation forces, which usually limit high
densities, can be avoided in dark spontaneous-force optical traps (dark SPOTs)
by sheltering atoms from intense trapping light. Here we demonstrate a dynamic
implementation of a dark SPOT, resulting in an increase in atom density by
almost two orders of magnitude up to 1.3x10^12cm-3. Holographic control of the
trapping beams and dynamic switching between MOT and dark SPOT configuration
allows us to optimise the trapping geometry. We have identified the ideal size
of the dark core to be six times larger than the MOT. Our method also avoids
unwanted heating so that we reach a record phase-space density for a MOT.


title: On the origin of space

abstract:
  Within the framework of fractional calculus with variable order the evolution
of space in the adiabatic limit is investigated. Based on the Caputo definition
of a fractional derivative using the fractional quantum harmonic oscillator a
model is presented, which describes space generation as a dynamic process,
where the dimension $d$ of space evolves smoothly with time in the range 0 <=
d(t) <=3, where the lower and upper boundaries of dimension are derived from
first principles. It is demonstrated, that a minimum threshold for the space
dimension is necessary to establish an interaction with external probe
particles. A possible application in cosmology is suggested.


title: Dark Sector spectroscopy at the ILC

abstract:
  Recent studies have shown that searches in the mono-photon and missing energy
final state can be used to discover dark matter candidates at the ILC. While an
excess in this final state over the Standard Model background would indicate
the existence of a dark sector, no detailed information about the internal
structure of this sector can be inferred. Here, we demonstrate how just a few
observables can discriminate between various realizations of dark sectors,
including e.g. the spin of mediators.


title:
A study of gravity-linked metapopulation models for the spatial spread
  of dengue fever

abstract:
  Metapopulation (multipatch) models are widely used to study the patterns of
spatial spread of epidemics. In this paper we study the impact of inter-patch
connection weights on the predictions of these models. We contrast arbitrary,
uniform link weights with link weights predicted using a gravity model based on
patch populations and distance. In a synthetic system with one large driver
city and many small follower cities, we show that under uniform link weights,
epidemics in the follower regions are perfectly synchronized. In contrast,
gravity-based links allow a more realistic, less synchronized distribution of
epidemic peaks in the follower regions. We then fit a three-patch
metapopulation model to regional dengue fever data from Peru -- a country
experiencing yearly, spatially defined epidemics. We use data for 2002-2008
(studying the seasonal disease patterns in the country and the yearly
reinfection patterns from jungle to the coast) and 2000-2001 (one large
epidemic of a new disease strain across the country). We present numerical
results.


title: Parameter Estimates for a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Cathode

abstract:
  Five parameters of a model of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell
cathode (the porosity of the gas diffusion layer, the porosity of the catalyst
layer, the exchange current density of the oxygen reduction reaction, the
effective ionic conductivity of the electrolyte, and the ratio of the effective
diffusion coefficient of oxygen in a flooded spherical agglomerate particle to
the squared particle radius) were determined by the least square fitting of
experimental polarization curves. The values of parameters obtained in this
work indicate that ionic conduction and gas-phase transport are two processes
significantly influencing the performance of PEMFC air cathodes. While ionic
conduction influences cathode performance over a wide range of current
densities, gas-phase transport influences cathode performance only at high
current densities.


title: Electron-Phonon Coupling in Two-Dimensional Silicene and Germanene

abstract:
  Following the work in graphene, we report a first-principles study of
electron-phonon coupling (EPC) in low-buckled (LB) monolayer silicene and
germanene. Despite of the similar honeycomb atomic arrangement and linear band
dispersion, the EPC matrix-element squares of the $\Gamma$-$E_g$ and K-$A_1$
modes in silicene are only about 50% of those in graphene. However, the smaller
Fermi velocity in silicene compensates this reduction by providing a larger
joint electronic density of states near the Dirac point. We predict that Kohn
anomalies associated with these two optical modes are significant in silicene.
In addition, the EPC-induced frequency shift and linewidth of the Raman-active
$\Gamma$-$E_g$ mode in silicene are calculated as a function of doping. The
results are comparable to those in graphene, indicating a similar non-adiabatic
dynamical origin. In contrast, the EPC in germanene is found to be much
reduced.


title: 3D Beam Reconstruction by Fluorescence Imaging

abstract:
  We present a technique for mapping the complete 3D spatial intensity profile
of a laser beam from its fluorescence in an atomic vapour. We propagate shaped
light through a rubidium vapour cell and record the resonant scattering from
the side. From a single measurement we obtain a camera limited resolution of
200 x 200 transverse points and 659 longitudinal points. In constrast to
invasive methods in which the camera is placed in the beam path, our method is
capable of measuring patterns formed by counterpropagating laser beams. It has
high resolution in all 3 dimensions, is fast and can be completely automated.
The technique has applications in areas which require complex beam shapes, such
as optical tweezers, atom trapping and pattern formation.


title:
Reconfigurable Reflectarrays and Array Lenses for Dynamic Antenna Beam
  Control: A Review

abstract:
  Advances in reflectarrays and array lenses with electronic beam-forming
capabilities are enabling a host of new possibilities for these
high-performance, low-cost antenna architectures. This paper reviews enabling
technologies and topologies of reconfigurable reflectarray and array lens
designs, and surveys a range of experimental implementations and achievements
that have been made in this area in recent years. The paper describes the
fundamental design approaches employed in realizing reconfigurable designs, and
explores advanced capabilities of these nascent architectures, such as
multi-band operation, polarization manipulation, frequency agility, and
amplification. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing future challenges and
possibilities for these antennas.


title:
Plasma effects on fast pair beams II. Reactive versus kinetic
  instability of parallel electrostatic wave

abstract:
  The interaction of TeV gamma rays from distant blazars with the extragalactic
background light produces relativistic electron-positron pair beams by the
photon-photon annihilation process. Using the linear instability analysis in
the kinetic limit, which properly accounts for the longitudinal and the small
but finite perpendicular momentum spread in the pair momentum distribution
function, the growth rate of parallel propagating electrostatic oscillations in
the intergalactic medium is calculated. Contrary to the claims of Miniati and
Elyiv (2013) we find that neither the longitudinal nor the perpendicular spread
in the relativistic pair distribution function do significantly affect the
electrostatic growth rates. The maximum kinetic growth rate for no
perpendicular spread is even about an order of magnitude greater than the
corresponding reactive maximum growth rate. The reduction factors to the
maximum growth rate due to the finite perpendicular spread in the pair
distribution function are tiny, and always less than $10^{-4}$. We confirm the
earlier conclusions by Broderick et al. (2012) and us, that the created pair
beam distribution function is quickly unstable in the unmagnetized
intergalactic medium. Therefore, there is no need to require the existence of
small intergalactic magnetic fields to scatter the produced pairs, so that the
explanation (made by several authors) of the FERMI non-detection of the inverse
Compton scattered GeV gamma rays by a finite deflecting intergalactic magnetic
field is not necessary. In particular, the various derived lower bounds for the
intergalactic magnetic fields are invalid due to the pair beam instability
argument.


title: Dual Fusion Frames

abstract:
  The definition of dual fusion frame presents technical problems related to
the domain of the synthesis operator. The notion commonly used is the analogous
to the canonical dual frame. Here a new concept of dual is studied in
infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert spaces. It extends the commonly used
notion and overcomes these technical difficulties. We show that with this
definition in many cases dual fusion frames behave similar to dual frames. We
exhibit examples of non-canonical dual fusion frames.


title:
Generalized adiabatic connection in ensemble density-functional theory
  for excited states: example of the H2 molecule

abstract:
  A generalized adiabatic connection for ensembles (GACE) is presented. In
contrast to the traditional adiabatic connection formulation, both ensemble
weights and interaction strength can vary along a GACE path while the ensemble
density is held fixed. The theory is presented for non-degenerate two-state
ensembles but it can in principle be extended to any ensemble of fractionally
occupied excited states. Within such a formalism an exact expression for the
ensemble exchange-correlation density-functional energy, in terms of the
conventional ground-state exchange-correlation energy, is obtained by
integration over the ensemble weight. Stringent constraints on the functional
are thus obtained when expanding the ensemble exchange-correlation energy
through second order in the ensemble weight. For illustration purposes, the
analytical derivation of the GACE is presented for the H2 model system in a
minimal basis, leading thus to a simple density-functional approximation to the
ensemble exchange-correlation energy. Encouraging results were obtained with
this approximation for the description in a large basis of the first
^1\Sigma^+_g excitation in H2 upon bond stretching. Finally, a range-dependent
GACE has been derived, providing thus a pathway to the development of a
rigorous state-average multi-determinant density-functional theory.


title: Zhang-Kawazumi Invariants and Superstring Amplitudes

abstract:
  Invariance of Type IIB superstring theory under SL(2,Z) or S-duality implies
dependence on the complex coupling T through real and complex modular forms in
T. Their structure may be understood explicitly in an expansion of superstring
corrections to Einstein's equations of gravity, in powers of derivatives D and
curvature R. The perturbative loop expansion in the string coupling for the
4-string amplitude governs corrections of the form D^{2p} R^4 for all p. We
show that, at two-loop order, the D^6 R^4 term is proportional to the integral
of a modular invariant introduced by Zhang and Kawazumi in number theory and
related to the Faltings delta-invariant studied for genus-two by Bost. The
structure of two-loop superstring amplitudes for p>3 leads to higher
invariants, which generalize Zhang--Kawazumi invariants at genus two. An
explicit formula is derived for the unique higher invariant associated with
order D^8 R^4. In an attempt to compare the prediction for the D^6 R^4
correction from superstring perturbation theory with the one produced by
S-duality and supersymmetry of Type IIB, various reformulations of the
invariant are given. This comparison with string theory leads to a predicted
value for the integral of the Zhang-Kawazumi invariant over the moduli space of
genus-two surfaces.


title:
Unifying Three Perspectives on Information Processing in Stochastic
  Thermodynamics

abstract:
  So far, feedback-driven systems have been discussed using (i) measurement and
control, (ii) a tape interacting with a system or (iii) by identifying an
implicit Maxwell demon in steady state transport. We derive the corresponding
second laws from one master fluctuation theorem and discuss their relationship.
In particular, we show that both the entropy production involving mutual
information between system and controller and the one involving a Shannon
entropy difference of an information reservoir like a tape carry an extra term
different from the usual current times affinity. We thus generalize stochastic
thermodynamics to the presence of an information reservoir.


title: Non-uniqueness of high distance Heegaard splittings

abstract:
  Kevin Hartshorn showed that if a three-dimensional manifold $M$ admits a
Heegaard surface $\Sigma$ with Hempel distance $d$ then every incompressible
surface in $M$ has genus at least $\frac{d}{2}$. Scharlemann-Tomova generalized
this, proving that in such a manifold, every other Heegaard surface for $M$ of
genus $g' < \frac{d}{2}$ is a stabilization of $\Sigma$. In the present paper,
we show that Hartshorn's bound is sharp and Scharlemann-Tomova's bound is very
close to sharp. In particular, for every pair of integers $g \geq 2, d \geq 2$,
we construct a three-manifold $M$ with a genus $g$, distance $d$ Heegaard
splitting and an incompressible surface of genus $\frac{d}{2}$. We also
construct, for every $d \geq 4$, a three-manifold with a genus $g$, distance
$d$ Heegaard surface $\Sigma$ and a second Heegaard surface with genus $g' =
\frac{1}{2} d + g - 1$ that is not a stabilization of $\Sigma$.


title:
GRB Flares: A New Detection Algorithm, Previously Undetected Flares, and
  Implications on GRB Physics

abstract:
  Flares in GRB light curves have been observed since shortly after the
discovery of the first GRB afterglow. However, it was not until the launch of
the Swift satellite that it was realized how common flares are, appearing in
nearly 50% of all X-ray afterglows as observed by the XRT instrument. The
majority of these observed X-ray flares are easily distinguishable by eye and
have been measured to have up to as much fluence as the original prompt
emission. Through studying large numbers of these X-ray flares it has been
determined that they likely result from a distinct emission source different
than that powering the GRB afterglow. These findings could be confirmed if
similar results were found using flares in other energy ranges. However, until
now, the UVOT instrument on Swift seemed to have observed far fewer flares in
the UV/optical than were seen in the X-ray. This was primarily due to poor
sampling and data being spread across multiple filters, but a new optimal
co-addition and normalization of the UVOT data has allowed us to search for
flares in the UV/optical that have previously gone undetected. Using a flare
finding algorithm based on the Bayesian Information Criterion, we have analyzed
the light curves in the Second UVOT GRB Catalog and present the finding of at
least 118 unique flares detected in 68 GRB afterglows.


title:
Inference in Gaussian models with missing data using Equalisation
  Maximisation

abstract:
  Equalisation Maximisation (EqM) is an algorithm for estimating parameters in
auto-regressive (AR) models where some fraction of the data is missing. It has
previously been shown that the EqM algorithm is a competitive alternative to
expectation maximisation, estimating models with equal predictive capability at
a lower computational cost.
  The EqM algorithm has previously been motivated as a heuristic. In this
paper, we instead show that EqM can be viewed as an approximation of a proximal
point algorithm. We also derive the method for the entire class of Gaussian
models and exemplify its use for estimation of ARMA models with missing data.
The resulting method is evaluated in numerical simulations, resulting in
similar results as for the AR processes.


title: Optical wire trap for cold neutral atoms

abstract:
  We propose a trap for cold neutral atoms using a fictitious magnetic field
induced by a nanofiber-guided light field. In close analogy to magnetic
side-guide wire traps realized with current-carrying wires, a trapping
potential can be formed when applying a homogeneous magnetic bias field
perpendicular to the fiber axis. We discuss this scheme in detail for
laser-cooled cesium atoms and find trap depths and trap frequencies comparable
to the two-color nanofiber-based trapping scheme but with one order of
magnitude lower powers of the trapping laser field. Moreover, the proposed
scheme allows one to bring the atoms closer to the nanofiber surface, thereby
enabling efficient optical interfacing of the atoms with additional light
fields. Specifically, optical depths per atom, $\sigma_0/A_{\rm eff}$, of more
than 0.4 are predicted, making this system eligible for nanofiber-based
nonlinear and quantum optics experiments.


title: Higgs bundles and characteristic classes

abstract:
  We calculate the characteristic classes for flat SL(n,R) and Sp(2m,R)-bundles
over a compact surface as functions of the spectral data in the Higgs bundle
description, which consists of the points of order 2 in an abelian variety.
Using similar methods we produce a conjectural mirror for the moduli space of
flat U(m,m)-bundles with a fixed characteristic class. This is a
hyperholomorphic bundle over the Sp(2m,C)-moduli space.


title:
Shilnikov Lemma for a nondegenerate critical manifold of a Hamiltonian
  system

abstract:
  We prove an analog of Shilnikov Lemma for a normally hyperbolic symplectic
critical manifold $M\subset H^{-1}(0)$ of a Hamiltonian system. Using this
result, trajectories with small energy $H=\mu>0$ shadowing chains of homoclinic
orbits to $M$ are represented as extremals of a discrete variational problem,
and their existence is proved. This paper is motivated by applications to the
Poincar\'e second species solutions of the 3 body problem with 2 masses small
of order $\mu$. As $\mu\to 0$, double collisions of small bodies correspond to
a symplectic critical manifold of the regularized Hamiltonian system.


title: Efficient Variable-Coefficient Finite-Volume Stokes Solvers

abstract:
  We investigate several robust preconditioners for solving the saddle-point
linear systems that arise from spatial discretization of unsteady and steady
variable-coefficient Stokes equations on a uniform staggered grid. Building on
the success of using the classical projection method as a preconditioner for
the coupled velocity-pressure system [B. E. Griffith, J. Comp. Phys., 228
(2009), pp. 75657595], as well as established techniques for steady and
unsteady Stokes flow in the finite-element literature, we construct
preconditioners that employ independent generalized Helmholtz and Poisson
solvers for the velocity and pressure subproblems. We demonstrate that only a
single cycle of a standard geometric multigrid algorithm serves as an effective
inexact solver for each of these subproblems. Contrary to traditional wisdom,
we find that the Stokes problem can be solved nearly as efficiently as the
independent pressure and velocity subproblems, making the overall cost of
solving the Stokes system comparable to the cost of classical projection or
fractional step methods for incompressible flow, even for steady flow and in
the presence of large density and viscosity contrasts. Two of the five
preconditioners considered here are found to be robust to GMRES restarts and to
increasing problem size, making them suitable for large-scale problems. Our
work opens many possibilities for constructing novel unsplit temporal
integrators for finite-volume spatial discretizations of the equations of low
Mach and incompressible flow dynamics.


title:
Waveguide photon-number-resolving detectors for quantum photonic
  integrated circuits

abstract:
  Quantum photonic integration circuits are a promising approach to scalable
quantum processing with photons. Waveguide single-photon-detectors (WSPDs)
based on superconducting nanowires have been recently shown to be compatible
with single-photon sources for a monolithic integration. While standard WSPDs
offer single-photon sensitivity, more complex superconducting nanowire
structures can be configured to have photon-number-resolving capability. In
this work, we present waveguide photon-number-resolving detectors (WPNRDs) on
GaAs/Al0.75Ga0.25As ridge waveguides based on a series connection of nanowires.
The detection of 0-4 photons has been demonstrated with a four-wire WPNRD,
having a single electrical read-out. A device quantum efficiency ~24 % is
reported at 1310 nm for the TE polarization.


title: A technical lemma for congruences of finite lattices

abstract:
  The classical Technical Lemma for congruences is not difficult to prove but
it is very efficient in its applications. We present here a Technical Lemma for
congruences on \emph{finite lattices}. This is not difficult to prove either
but it has already has proved its usefulness in some applications.


title:
G/G gauged WZW-matter model, Bethe Ansatz for q-boson model and
  Commutative Frobenius algebra

abstract:
  We investigate the correspondence between two dimensional topological gauge
theories and quantum integrable systems discovered by Moore, Nekrasov,
Shatashvili. This correspondence means that the hidden quantum integrable
structure exists in the topological gauge theories. We showed the
correspondence between the G/G gauged WZW model and the phase model in JHEP 11
(2012) 146 (arXiv:1209.3800). In this paper, we study a one-parameter
deformation for this correspondence and show that the G/G gauged WZW model
coupled to additional matters corresponds to the q-boson model. Furthermore, we
investigate this correspondence from a viewpoint of the commutative Frobenius
algebra, the axiom of the two dimensional topological quantum field theory.


title: T-duality of D-brane action at order $\alpha'$ in bosonic string theory

abstract:
  In bosonic string theory, it is known that the Buscher rules for the
T-duality transformations receive quantum corrections at order $\alpha'$. In
this paper, we use the consistency of the gravity couplings on the D-brane
effective action at order $\alpha'$, with the above T-duality transformations
to find the B-field and the dilaton couplings. We show that these couplings are
fully consistent with the corresponding disk-level S-matrix elements in string
theory.


title:
V2:Performance of the solid deuterium ultra-cold neutron source at the
  pulsed reactor TRIGA Mainz

abstract:
  The performance of the solid deuterium ultra-cold neutron source at the
pulsed reactor TRIGA Mainz with a maximum peak energy of 10 MJ is described.
The solid deuterium converter with a volume of V=160 cm3 (8 mol), which is
exposed to a thermal neutron fluence of 4.5x10^13 n/cm2, delivers up to 550 000
UCN per pulse outside of the biological shield at the experimental area. UCN
densities of ~ 10/cm3 are obtained in stainless steel bottles of V ~ 10 L
resulting in a storage efficiency of ~20%. The measured UCN yields compare well
with the predictions from a Monte Carlo simulation developed to model the
source and to optimize its performance for the upcoming upgrade of the TRIGA
Mainz into a user facility for UCN physics.


title:
Current fidelity susceptibility and conductivity in one-dimensional
  lattice models with open and periodic boundary conditions

abstract:
  We study, both numerically and analytically, the finite size scaling of the
fidelity susceptibility \chi_{J} with respect to the charge or spin current in
one-dimensional lattice models, and relate it to the low-frequency behavior of
the corresponding conductivity. It is shown that in gapless systems with open
boundary conditions the leading dependence on the system size L stems from the
singular part of the conductivity and is quadratic, with a universal form
\chi_{J}= 7KL^2 \zeta(3)/2\pi^4 where K is the Luttinger liquid parameter. In
contrast to that, for periodic boundary conditions the leading system size
dependence is directly connected with the regular part of the conductivity
(giving alternative possibility to study low frequency behavior of the regular
part of conductivity) and is subquadratic, \chi_{J} \propto L^\gamma(K), (with
a K dependent constant \gamma) in most situations linear, \gamma=1. For open
boundary conditions, we also study another current-related quantity, the
fidelity susceptibility to the lattice tilt \chi_{P} and show that it scales as
the quartic power of the system size, \chi_{P}=31KL^4 \zeta(5)/8 u^2 \pi^6,
where u is the sound velocity. We comment on the behavior of the current
fidelity susceptibility in gapped phases, particularly in the topologically
ordered Haldane state.


title: Searching for Millisecond Pulsars: Surveys, Techniques and Prospects

abstract:
  Searches for millisecond pulsars (which we here loosely define as those with
periods $<$ 20 ms) in the Galactic field have undergone a renaissance in the
past five years. New or recently refurbished radio telescopes utilizing cooled
receivers and state-of-the art digital data acquisition systems are carrying
out surveys of the entire sky at a variety of radio frequencies. Targeted
searches for millisecond pulsars in point sources identified by the {\it Fermi}
Gamma-ray Space Telescope have proved phenomenally successful, with over 50
discoveries in the past five years. The current sample of millisecond pulsars
now numbers almost 200 and, for the first time in 25 years, now outnumbers
their counterparts in Galactic globular clusters. While many of these searches
are motivated to find pulsars which form part of pulsar timing arrays, a wide
variety of interesting systems are now being found. Following a brief overview
of the millisecond pulsar phenomenon, we describe these searches and present
some of the highlights of the new discoveries in the past decade. We conclude
with predictions and prospects for ongoing and future surveys.


title: Random subtrees of complete graphs

abstract:
  We study the asymptotic behavior of four statistics associated with subtrees
of complete graphs: the uniform probability $p_n$ that a random subtree is a
spanning tree of $K_n$, the weighted probability $q_n$ (where the probability a
subtree is chosen is proportional to the number of edges in the subtree) that a
random subtree spans and the two expectations associated with these two
probabilities. We find $p_n$ and $q_n$ both approach $e^{-e^{-1}}\approx .692$,
while both expectations approach the size of a spanning tree, i.e., a random
subtree of $K_n$ has approximately $n-1$ edges.


title:
Finite difference schemes for stochastic partial differential equations
  in Sobolev spaces

abstract:
  We discuss $L_p$-estimates for finite difference schemes approximating
parabolic, possibly degenerate, SPDEs, with initial conditions from $W^m_p$ and
free terms taking values in $W^m_p.$ Consequences of these estimates include an
asymptotic expansion of the error, allowing the acceleration of the
approximation by Richardson's method.


title: Quantum Computing Gates via Optimal Control

abstract:
  We demonstrate the use of optimal control to design two entropy-manipulating
quantum gates which are more complex than the corresponding, commonly used,
gates, such as CNOT and Toffoli (CCNOT): A 2-qubit gate called PE (polarization
exchange) and a 3-qubit gate called COMP (polarization compression) were
designed using GRAPE, an optimal control algorithm. Both gates were designed
for a three-spin system. Our design provided efficient and robust NMR radio
frequency (RF) pulses for 13C2-trichloroethylene (TCE), our chosen three-spin
system. We then experimentally applied these two quantum gates onto TCE at the
NMR lab. Such design of these gates and others could be relevant for
near-future applications of quantum computing devices.


title:
Necessary and sufficient conditions for Pareto efficiency in robust
  multiobjective optimization

abstract:
  We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for robust efficiency (in the
sense of Ehrgott et al. (2014)) to multiobjective optimization problems that
depend on uncertain parameters. These conditions state that a solution is
robust efficient (under minimization) if it is optimal to a strongly increasing
scalarizing function, and only if it is optimal to a strictly increasing
scalarizing function. By counterexample, we show that the necessary condition
cannot be strengthened to convex scalarizing functions, even for convex
problems. We therefore define and characterize a subset of the robust efficient
solutions for which an analogous necessary condition holds with respect to
convex scalarizing functions. This result parallels the deterministic case
where optimality to a convex and strictly increasing scalarizing function
constitutes a necessary condition for efficiency. By a numerical example from
the field of radiation therapy treatment plan optimization, we illustrate that
the curvature of the scalarizing function influences the conservatism of an
optimized solution in the uncertain case.


title: Reductivity of the Lie algebra of a bilinear form

abstract:
  Let $f:V\times V\to F$ be a totally arbitrary bilinear form defined on a
finite dimensional vector space $V$ over a a field $F$, and let $L(f)$ be the
subalgebra of $\gl(V)$ of all skew-adjoint endomorphisms relative to $f$.
Provided $F$ is algebraically closed of characteristic not 2, we determine all
$f$, up to equivalence, such that $L(f)$ is reductive. As a consequence, we
find, over an arbitrary field, necessary and sufficient conditions for $L(f)$
to be simple, semisimple or isomorphic to $\sl(n)$ for some $n$.


title:
Can inferred provenance and its visualisation be used to detect
  erroneous annotation? A case study using UniProtKB

abstract:
  A constant influx of new data poses a challenge in keeping the annotation in
biological databases current. Most biological databases contain significant
quantities of textual annotation, which often contains the richest source of
knowledge. Many databases reuse existing knowledge, during the curation process
annotations are often propagated between entries. However, this is often not
made explicit. Therefore, it can be hard, potentially impossible, for a reader
to identify where an annotation originated from. Within this work we attempt to
identify annotation provenance and track its subsequent propagation.
Specifically, we exploit annotation reuse within the UniProt Knowledgebase
(UniProtKB), at the level of individual sentences. We describe a visualisation
approach for the provenance and propagation of sentences in UniProtKB which
enables a large-scale statistical analysis. Initially levels of sentence reuse
within UniProtKB were analysed, showing that reuse is heavily prevalent, which
enables the tracking of provenance and propagation. By analysing sentences
throughout UniProtKB, a number of interesting propagation patterns were
identified, covering over 100, 000 sentences. Over 8000 sentences remain in the
database after they have been removed from the entries where they originally
occurred. Analysing a subset of these sentences suggest that approximately 30%
are erroneous, whilst 35% appear to be inconsistent. These results suggest that
being able to visualise sentence propagation and provenance can aid in the
determination of the accuracy and quality of textual annotation. Source code
and supplementary data are available from the authors website.


title: Multiple-choice Assessment for Upper-division Electricity and Magnetism

abstract:
  The Colorado Upper-division Electrostatics (CUE) diagnostic was designed as
an open-ended assessment in order to capture elements of student reasoning in
upper-division electrostatics. The diagnostic has been given for many semesters
at several universities resulting in an extensive database of CUE responses. To
increase the utility and scalability of the assessment, we used this database
along with research on students' difficulties to create a multiple-choice
version. The new version explores the viability of a novel test format where
students select multiple responses and can receive partial credit based on the
accuracy and consistency of their selections. This format was selected with the
goal of preserving insights afforded by the open-ended format while exploiting
the logistical advantages of a multiple-choice assessment. Here, we present
examples of the questions and scoring of the multiple-choice CUE as well as
initial analysis of the test's validity, item difficulty, discrimination, and
overall consistency with the open-ended version.


title:
Time-frequency resolved ultrafast spectroscopy techniques using wavelet
  analysis

abstract:
  New experimental techniques based on non-linear ultrafast spectroscopies have
been developed over the last few years, and have been demonstrated to provide
powerful probes of quantum dynamics in different types of molecular aggregates,
including both natural and artificial light harvesting complexes. Fourier
transform-based spectroscopies have been particularly successful, yet
'complete' spectral information normally necessitates the loss of all
information on the temporal sequence of events in a signal. This information
though is particularly important in transient or multi-stage processes, in
which the spectral decomposition of the data evolves in time. By going through
several examples of ultrafast quantum dynamics, we demonstrate that the use of
wavelets provide an efficient and accurate way to simultaneously acquire both
temporal and frequency information about a signal, and argue that this greatly
aids the elucidation and interpretation of physical process responsible for
non-stationary spectroscopic features, such as those encountered in coherent
excitonic energy transport.


title: Understanding networks and their behaviors using sheaf theory

abstract:
  Many complicated network problems can be easily understood on small networks.
Difficulties arise when small networks are combined into larger ones.
Fortunately, the mathematical theory of sheaves was constructed to address just
this kind of situation; it extends locally-defined structures to globally valid
inferences by way of consistency relations. This paper exhibits examples in
network monitoring and filter hardware where sheaves have useful descriptive
power.


title:
Possible charge analogues of spin transfer torques in bulk
  superconductors

abstract:
  Spin transfer torques (STT) occur when electric currents travel through
inhomogeneously magnetized systems and are important for the motion of magnetic
textures such as domain walls. Since superconductors are easy-plane
ferromagnets in particle-hole (charge) space, it is natural to ask whether any
charge duals of STT phenomena exist therein. We find that the superconducting
analogue of the adiabatic STT vanishes in a bulk superconductor with a
momentum-independent order parameter, while the superconducting counterpart of
the nonadiabatic STT does not vanish. This nonvanishing superconducting torque
is induced by heat (rather than charge) currents and acts on the charge (rather
than spin) degree of freedom. It can become significant in the vicinity of the
superconducting transition temperature, where it generates a net quasiparticle
charge and alters the dispersion and linewidth of low-frequency collective
modes.


title:
Resonant plane waves in metamaterials with dipoles and quadrupoles
  coupled with quantum system

abstract:
  Here the multipole approach [13], in combination with the density matrix
formalism is used for establishing of the model for MMs with gain. This
approach allows us to investigate analytically or semi-analytically the
interplay between gain and magnetic properties of the MMs, the influence of
internally unstable operation mode for spasers (MAs coupled with emitters,
which the MMs consist of) on the propagation characteristics, and finally to
optimize MM design. Moreover, the presented model is in line with the
previously presented approach [16] (actually is its natural extension on the
problem of plane wave propagation) and from the other side pretty clear and
observable. The results presented in this paper resolve the discussion excited
by [12] followed by [35-38].


title:
Equivalence and congruence of matrices under the action of standard
  parabolic subgroups

abstract:
  We find necessary and sufficient conditions for $P$-equivalence of arbitrary
matrices and $P$-congruence of symmetric and alternating matrices, where $P$ is
standard parabolic subgroup of $GL_n(F)$ and $F$ is an arbitrary field.


title:
Thermodynamic properties of microbian populations on biological
  membranes

abstract:
  In this work we to develop a general statistical mechanic formalism to study
systems restricted to surfaces of revolution, these are a very well model to
study the termodinamical properties of microbiological systems and
macromolecules lies on biological membranes such as cellular well.


title:
A transience condition for a class of one-dimensional symmetric L\'evy
  processes

abstract:
  In this paper, we give a sufficient condition for transience for a class of
one-dimensional symmetric L\'evy processes. More precisely, we prove that a
one-dimensional symmetric L\'evy process with the L\'evy measure
$\nu(dy)=f(y)dy$ or $\nu(\{n\})=p_n$, where the density function $f(y)$ is such
that $f(y)>0$ a.e. and the sequence $\{p_n\}_{n\geq1}$ is such that $p_n>0$ for
all $n\geq1$, is transient if
$$\int_1^{\infty}\frac{dy}{y^{3}f(y)}<\infty\quad\textrm{or}\quad
\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^{3}p_n}<\infty.$$ Similarly, we derive an
analogous transience condition for one-dimensional symmetric random walks with
continuous and discrete jumps.


title:
Particle-physics constraints from the globular cluster M5: Neutrino
  Dipole Moments

abstract:
  Stellar evolution is modified if energy is lost in a "dark channel" similar
to neutrino emission. Comparing modified stellar evolution sequences with
observations provides some of the most restrictive limits on axions and other
hypothetical low-mass particles and on non-standard neutrino properties. In
particular, a putative neutrino magnetic dipole moment mu_nu enhances the
plasmon decay process, postpones helium ignition in low-mass stars, and
therefore extends the red-giant branch (RGB) in globular clusters (GCs). The
brightness of the tip of the RGB (TRGB) remains the most sensitive probe for
mu_nu and we revisit this argument from a modern perspective. Based on a large
set of archival observations, we provide high-precision photometry for the
Galactic GC M5 (NGC5904) and carefully determine its TRGB position. On the
theoretical side, we add the extra plasmon decay rate brought about by mu_nu to
the Princeton-Goddard-PUC stellar evolution code. Different sources of
uncertainty are critically examined. The main source of systematic uncertainty
is the bolometric correction and the main statistical uncertainty derives from
the distance modulus based on main-sequence fitting. (Other measures of
distance, e.g., the brightness of RR Lyrae stars, are influenced by the energy
loss that we wish to constrain.) The statistical uncertainty of the TRGB
position relative to the brightest RGB star is less important because the RGB
is well populated. We infer an absolute I-band brightness of M_I=-4.17+/-0.13
mag for the TRGB compared with the theoretical prediction of -3.99+/-0.07 mag,
in reasonable agreement with each other. A significant brightness increase
caused by neutrino dipole moments is constrained such that
mu_nu<2.6x10^-12mu_B(68% CL), where mu_B is the Bohr magneton, and
mu_nu<4.5x10^-12 mu_B(95% CL). In these results, statistical and systematic
errors have been combined in quadrature.


title: Modular reduction of the Steinberg lattice of the general linear group

abstract:
  The modular reduction of the Steinberg lattice of the general linear group is
studied


title: Quantum Control of Infinite Dimensional Many-Body Systems

abstract:
  A major challenge to the control of infinite dimensional quantum systems is
the irreversibility which is often present in the system dynamics. Here we
consider systems with discrete-spectrum Hamiltonians operating over a Schwartz
space domain, and show that by utilizing the implications of the Quantum
Recurrence Theorem this irreversibility may be overcome, in the case of
individual states more generally, but also in certain specified cases over
larger subsets of the Hilbert space. We discuss briefly the possibility of
using these results in the control of infinite dimensional coupled harmonic
oscillators, and also draw attention to some of the issues and open questions
arising from this and related work.


title:
Comments on the Regional Climate Variability Driven by Foehn Winds in
  the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica

abstract:
  The main objection to Speirs, McGowan, Steinhoff and Bromwich [Int. J.
Climatol. 33: 945-958] work arises from the lack of analyses of the probability
distribution functions of underlying processes leading to wind formation of
which velocities are measured by automated weather stations and reported in the
paper. Mathematically a rigorous definition of calculating the correlation
coefficient (Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient) of averages does
not exist. Therefore the authors numbers as given in Table II represent a set
of randomly calculated figures. The authors suggestion in relation to a few of
these random numbers that some of them have statistical significance at the 95%
level is erroneous since no relationship exists between correlation coefficient
of averages and statistical significance. Therefore Speirs et al. main
conclusion that the El Ni\~no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern
Annular Mode significantly influence foehn wind frequency at McMurdo Dry
Valleys is entirely unfounded.


title: Geometric RSK and the Toda lattice

abstract:
  We relate a continuous-time version of the geometric RSK correspondence to
the Toda lattice, in a way which can be viewed as a semi-classical limit of a
recent result by the author which relates the continuous-time geometric RSK
mapping, with Brownian motion as input, to the quantum Toda lattice.

categories: math.PR math-ph math.CO math.DS math.MP math.RT


title: Maximal Unitarity for the Four-Mass Double Box

abstract:
  We extend the maximal-unitarity formalism at two loops to double-box
integrals with four massive external legs. These are relevant for higher-point
processes, as well as for heavy vector rescattering, VV -> VV. In this
formalism, the two-loop amplitude is expanded over a basis of integrals. We
obtain formulas for the coefficients of the double-box integrals, expressing
them as products of tree-level amplitudes integrated over specific complex
multidimensional contours. The contours are subject to the consistency
condition that integrals over them annihilate any integrand whose integral over
real Minkowski space vanishes. These include integrals over parity-odd
integrands and total derivatives arising from integration-by-parts (IBP)
identities. We find that, unlike the zero- through three-mass cases, the IBP
identities impose no constraints on the contours in the four-mass case. We also
discuss the algebraic varieties connected with various double-box integrals,
and show how discrete symmetries of these varieties largely determine the
constraints.


title:
Optical Proper Motion Measurements of the M87 Jet: New Results from the
  Hubble Space Telescope

abstract:
  We report new results from an HST archival program to study proper motions in
the optical jet of the nearby radio galaxy M87. Using over 13 years of archival
imaging, we reach accuracies below 0.1c in measuring the apparent velocities of
individual knots in the jet. We confirm previous findings of speeds up to 4.5c
in the inner 6" of the jet, and report new speeds for optical components in the
outer part of the jet. We find evidence of significant motion transverse to the
jet axis on the order of 0.6c in the inner jet features, and superluminal
velocities parallel and transverse to the jet in the outer knot components,
with an apparent ordering of velocity vectors possibly consistent with a
helical jet pattern. Previous results suggested a global deceleration over the
length of the jet in the form of decreasing maximum speeds of knot components
from HST-1 outward, but our results suggest that superluminal speeds persist
out to knot C, with large differentials in very nearby features all along the
jet. We find significant apparent accelerations in directions parallel and
transverse to the jet axis, along with evidence for stationary features in
knots D, E, and I. These results are expected to place important constraints on
detailed models of kpc-scale relativistic jets.


title: Quark masses in Higgs production with a jet veto

abstract:
  We study the impact of finite mass effects due to top and bottom loops in the
jet-veto distribution for Higgs production. We discuss the appearance of
non-factorizing logarithms in the region pt > m_b. We study their numerical
impact and argue that these terms can be treated as a finite remainder. We
therefore detail our prescription for resumming the jet-vetoed cross section
and for assessing its uncertainty in the presence of finite mass effects.
Resummation for the jet-veto, including mass effects, has been implemented in
the public code JetVHeto.


title: Robust Device Independent Randomness Amplification

abstract:
  In randomness amplification a slightly random source is used to produce an
improved random source. Perhaps surprisingly, a single source of randomness
cannot be amplified at all classically. However, the situation is different if
one considers correlations allowed by quantum mechanics as an extra resource.
Here we present a protocol that amplifies Santha-Vazirani sources arbitrarily
close to deterministic into fully random sources. The protocol is device
independent, depending only on the observed statistics of the devices and on
the validity of the no-signaling principle between different devices. It
improves previously-known protocols in two respects. First the protocol is
tolerant to noise so that even noisy quantum-mechanical systems give rise to
good devices for the protocol. Second it is simpler, being based on the
violation of a four-party Bell inequality and on the XOR as a hash function. As
a technical tool we prove a new de Finetti theorem where the subsystems are
selected from a Santha-Vazirani source.


title:
Discovery of a magnetic field in the CoRoT hybrid B-type pulsator HD
  43317

abstract:
  A promising way of testing the impact of a magnetic field on internal mixing
(core overshooting, internal rotation) in main-sequence B-type stars is to
perform asteroseismic studies of a sample of magnetic pulsators. The CoRoT
satellite revealed that the B3IV star HD 43317 is a hybrid SPB/beta Cep-type
pulsator that has a wealth of pulsational constraints on which one can perform
a seismic modelling, in particular, probing the extent of its convective core
and mixing processes. Moreover, indirect indicators of a magnetic field in the
star were observed: rotational modulation due to chemical or temperature spots
and X-ray emission. Our goal was to directly investigate the field in HD 43317
and, if it is magnetic, to characterise it. We collected data with the Narval
spectropolarimeter installed at TBL (T\'elescope Bernard Lyot, Pic du Midi,
France) and applied the least-squares deconvolution technique to measure the
circular polarisation of the light emitted from HD 43317. We modelled the
longitudinal field measurements directly with a dipole. Zeeman signatures in
the Stokes V profiles of HD 43317 are clearly detected and rotationally
modulated, which proves that this star exhibits an oblique magnetic field. The
modulation with the rotation period deduced from the CoRoT light curve is also
confirmed, and we found a field strength at the poles of about 1 kG. Our result
must be taken into account in future seismic modelling work of this star.


title:
A Variation on Leopoldt's Conjecture: Some Local Units instead of All
  Local Units

abstract:
  Leopoldt's Conjecture is a statement about the relationship between the
global and local units of a number field. Approximately the conjecture states
that the Z_p-rank of the diagonal embedding of the global units into the
product of all local units equals the Z-rank of the global units. The variation
we consider asks: Can we say anything about the Z_p-rank of the diagonal
embedding of the global units into the product of some local units? We use the
p-adic Schanuel Conjecture to answer the question in the affirmative and
moreover we give a value for the Z_p-rank (of the diagonal embedding of the
global units into the product of some local units) in terms of the Z-rank of
the global units and a property of the the local units included in the product.


title:
Modelling the asymmetric wind of the luminous blue variable binary MWC
  314

abstract:
  We present a spectroscopic analysis of MWC 314, a luminous blue variable
(LBV) candidate with an extended bipolar nebula. The detailed spectroscopic
variability is investigated to determine if MWC 314 is a massive binary system
with a supersonically accelerating wind or a low-mass B[e] star. We compare the
spectrum and spectral energy distribution to other LBVs (such as P Cyg) and
find very similar physical wind properties, indicating strong kinship. We
combined long-term high-resolution optical spectroscopic monitoring and V-band
photometric observations to determine the orbital elements and stellar
parameters and to investigate the spectral variability with the orbital phases.
We developed an advanced model of the large-scale wind-velocity and
wind-density structure with 3-D radiative transfer calculations that fit the
orbitally modulated P Cyg profile of He I lam5876, showing outflow velocities
above 1000 km/s. We find that MWC 314 is a massive semi-detached binary system
of ~1.22 AU, observed at an inclination angle of i=72.8 deg. with an orbital
period of 60.8 d and e=0.23. The primary star is a low-vsini LBV candidate of
m1=39.6 Msun and R1=86.8 Rsun. The detailed radiative transfer fits show that
the geometry of wind density is asymmetric around the primary star with
increased wind density by a factor of 3.3, which leads the orbit of the
primary. The variable orientation causes the orbital modulation that is
observed in absorption portions of P Cyg wind lines. Wind accretion in the
system produces a circumbinary disc. MWC 314 is in a crucial evolutionary phase
of close binary systems, when the massive primary star has its H envelope being
stripped and is losing mass to a circumbinary disc. MWC 314 is a key system for
studying the evolutionary consequences of these effects.


title:
New Physics in the Flavour Sector in the presence of Flavour Changing
  Neutral Currents

abstract:
  Flavour-Changing-Neutral-Currents (FCNC) play an important r\^ ole in testing
the Standard Model (SM) while probing the possibility of having New Physics
beyond the SM. In the SM, FCNC are forbidden at three level, but arise through
calculable one-loop contributions. We review some of the features of FCNC in
two examples of minimal extensions of the SM. In the first example, we consider
an extension of the SM consisting of the addition of one vector-like quark
either of the up-type ($Q=2/3$) or the down type ($Q=- 1/3$). In this extension
there are non-vanishing but naturally suppressed Z-mediated FCNC at tree level.
In the second example, we discuss extensions of the SM with two Higgs doublets,
without the assumption of natural flavour conservation, giving rise to Higgs
mediated FCNC. The existence of strict experimental limits on processes
sensitive to Higgs FCNC requires a strong suppression of these currents. We
present scenarios resulting from discrete symmetries where all new flavour
structures in the quark sector are parametrized by elements of the
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix, together with the ratio of vacuum
expectation values of the Higgs doublets in the Higgs basis defined by the
symmetry. We extend these scenarios to the leptonic sector with the
Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata matrix playing a r\^ ole similar to the CKM
matrix in the quark sector.


title: Parameter estimation by implicit sampling

abstract:
  Implicit sampling is a weighted sampling method that is used in data
assimilation, where one sequentially updates estimates of the state of a
stochastic model based on a stream of noisy or incomplete data. Here we
describe how to use implicit sampling in parameter estimation problems, where
the goal is to find parameters of a numerical model, e.g.~a partial
differential equation (PDE), such that the output of the numerical model is
compatible with (noisy) data. We use the Bayesian approach to parameter
estimation, in which a posterior probability density describes the probability
of the parameter conditioned on data and compute an empirical estimate of this
posterior with implicit sampling. Our approach generates independent samples,
so that some of the practical difficulties one encounters with Markov Chain
Monte Carlo methods, e.g.~burn-in time or correlations among dependent samples,
are avoided. We describe a new implementation of implicit sampling for
parameter estimation problems that makes use of multiple grids (coarse to fine)
and BFGS optimization coupled to adjoint equations for the required gradient
calculations. The implementation is "dimension independent", in the sense that
a well-defined finite dimensional subspace is sampled as the mesh used for
discretization of the PDE is refined. We illustrate the algorithm with an
example where we estimate a diffusion coefficient in an elliptic equation from
sparse and noisy pressure measurements. In the example, dimension\slash
mesh-independence is achieved via Karhunen-Lo\`{e}ve expansions.


title: On black hole sub-systems in idealized nuclear star clusters

abstract:
  Recent observational evidence, numerical simulations and theoretical
arguments seem to indicate that stellar mass black holes (BH) persist in
stellar systems such as globular star clusters for much longer than previously
thought. Previously, theory implied that the BH would segregate into a compact
system with short dynamical time scales, and that the BH would escape long
before the present. But stellar systems can exist in a state of balanced
evolution, where the energy generated in the core is regulated by the process
of two-body relaxation in the bulk of the system. If the system has a centrally
concentrated BH subsystem and there is no massive central BH, then the energy
is generated by three-body encounters in the core of this subsystem. Therefore,
in balanced evolution, the evolution of the BH subsystem is regulated by the
much longer time scales of the host system. In the present paper the
implications of these results for idealized nuclear star clusters (NSC) are
discussed. Though previous theory implied that BH would be almost absent from
many NSC -- those with relatively short dynamical time scales -- it is argued
here that, based on the results of idealized models, many such NSC could still
be host to substantial BH subsystems.


title: Kinetic phase diagrams of a ternary hard sphere mixture

abstract:
  We use the Self Consisten Generalized Langevin Equation theory (SCGLE) to
study the dynamic arrest transitions of a system of three species of hard
sphere colloidal system in the size ratio 1:3:9. We find that the inclusion of
the smallest species has a depletion effect that drives the system to a second
glass-liquid-glass re-entrance in a similar way that the inclusion of a small
species in an otherwise monodisperse system leads to a (first) re-entrance. And
we also find that the new glass after the second reentrance has very small
localization length. Additionally we compare the kinetic phase diagram of a
binary hard sphere mixture with size asymmetry 1:5, obtained with Mode Coupling
Theory (MCT) and SCGLE theory and exhibit the significant differences between
the two theories.


title: Topological security assessment of technological networks

abstract:
  The spreading of dangerous malware or faults in inter-dependent networks of
electronics devices has raised deep concern, because from the ICT networks
infections may propagate to other Critical Infrastructures producing the
well-known domino or cascading effect. Researchers are attempting to develop a
high level analysis of malware propagation discarding software details, in
order to generalize to the maximum extent the defensive strategies. For
example, it has been suggested that the maximum eigenvalue of the network
adjacency matrix could act as a threshold for the malware's spreading. This
leads naturally to use the spectral graph theory to identify the most critical
and influential nodes in technological networks. Many well-known graph
parameters have been studied in the past years to accomplish the task. Here we
test our AV11 algorithm showing that outperforms degree, closeness, betweenness
centrality and the dynamical importance


title:
On the defining equations of the tangent cone of a numerical semigroup
  ring

abstract:
  Let $\mathbf{a} = a_1 <\dots < a_r$ be a sequence of positive integers, and
let $H_{\mathbf{a}}$ denote the semigroup generated by $a_1, \dots, a_r$. For
an integer $k\geq 0$ we denote by $\mathbf{a}+k$ the shifted sequence $a_1 +k,
\dots, a_r +k$. Fix a field $K$. We show that for all $k \gg 0$ the associated
graded ring of the semigroup ring $K[H_{\mathbf{a}+k}]$ is Cohen--Macaulay and
that it has the same Betti numbers as $K[H_{\mathbf{a}+k}]$ itself.
  As a consequence, we show that the number of defining equations of the
tangent cone of a numerical semigroup ring is bounded by a value depending only
on the width of the semigroup, where the width of a numerical semigroup is
defined to be the difference of the largest and the smallest element in the
minimal generating set of the semigroup. We also provide a conjectured upper
bound of the above number of equations and we verify it in some cases.


title: On the completeness of solutions of Bethe's equations

abstract:
  We consider the Bethe equations for the isotropic spin-1/2 Heisenberg quantum
spin chain with periodic boundary conditions. We formulate a conjecture for the
number of solutions with pairwise distinct roots of these equations, in terms
of numbers of so-called singular (or exceptional) solutions. Using homotopy
continuation methods, we find all such solutions of the Bethe equations for
chains of length up to 14. The numbers of these solutions are in perfect
agreement with the conjecture. We also discuss an indirect method of finding
solutions of the Bethe equations by solving the Baxter T-Q equation. We briefly
comment on implications for thermodynamical computations based on the string
hypothesis.


title:
Evolution in the H I Gas Content of Galaxy Groups: Pre-Processing and
  Mass Assembly in the Current Epoch

abstract:
  We present an analysis of the neutral hydrogen (HI) content and distribution
of galaxies in groups as a function of their parent dark matter halo mass. The
Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey alpha.40 data release allows us, for the first
time, to study the HI properties of over 740 galaxy groups in the volume of sky
common to the SDSS and ALFALFA surveys. We assigned ALFALFA HI detections a
group membership based on an existing magnitude/volume-limited SDSS DR7
group/cluster catalog. Additionally, we assigned group "proximity" membership
to HI detected objects whose optical counterpart falls below the limiting
optical magnitude--thereby not contributing substantially to the estimate of
the group stellar mass, but significantly to the total group HI mass. We find
that only 25% of the HI detected galaxies reside in groups or clusters, in
contrast to approximately half of all optically detected galaxies. Further, we
plot the relative positions of optical and HI detections in groups as a
function of parent dark matter halo mass to reveal strong evidence that HI is
being processed in galaxies as a result of the group environment: as optical
membership increases, groups become increasingly deficient of HI rich galaxies
at their center and the HI distribution of galaxies in the most massive groups
starts to resemble the distribution observed in comparatively more extreme
cluster environments. We find that the lowest HI mass objects lose their gas
first as they are processed in the group environment, and it is evident that
the infall of gas rich objects is important to the continuing growth of large
scale structure at the present epoch, replenishing the neutral gas supply of
groups. Finally, we compare our results to those of cosmological simulations
and find that current models cannot simultaneously predict the HI selected halo
occupation distribution for both low and high mass halos.


title:
Collective modes and generation of a new vortex in a trapped Bose gas at
  finite temperature

abstract:
  The dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is studied at nonzero
temperatures using our variational time-dependent-HFB formalism. We have shown
that this approach is an efficient tool to study the expansion and collective
excitations of the condensate, the thermal cloud and the anomalous correlation
function at nonzero temperatures. We have found that the condensate and the
anomalous density have the same breathing oscillations. We have investigated,
on the other hand, the behavior of a single quantized vortex in a harmonically
trapped BEC at nonzero temperatures. Generalized expressions for vortex
excitations, vortex core size and Kelvin modes have been derived. An important
and somehow surprising result is that the numerical solution of our equations
predicts that the vortex core is partially filled by the thermal atoms at
nonzero temperatures. We have shown that the effect of thermal fluctuations is
important and it may lead to enhancing the size of the vortex core. The
behavior of the singly anomalous vortex has also been studied at nonzero
temperatures.


title:
PACE: Pattern Accurate Computationally Efficient Bootstrapping for
  Timely Discovery of Cyber-Security Concepts

abstract:
  Public disclosure of important security information, such as knowledge of
vulnerabilities or exploits, often occurs in blogs, tweets, mailing lists, and
other online sources months before proper classification into structured
databases. In order to facilitate timely discovery of such knowledge, we
propose a novel semi-supervised learning algorithm, PACE, for identifying and
classifying relevant entities in text sources. The main contribution of this
paper is an enhancement of the traditional bootstrapping method for entity
extraction by employing a time-memory trade-off that simultaneously circumvents
a costly corpus search while strengthening pattern nomination, which should
increase accuracy. An implementation in the cyber-security domain is discussed
as well as challenges to Natural Language Processing imposed by the security
domain.


title: Superconductivity in the Mn5Si3-type Zr5Sb3 system

abstract:
  We report the discovery of superconductivity at 2.3 K in Zr5Sb3, the first
superconducting member in the large compound family of the Mn5Si3-structure
type. Transport, magnetic, and calorimetric measurements and band structure
calculations show it to be a phonon-mediated BCS superconductor, with a
relatively large density of states at the Fermi level associated with the
d-electrons of Zr and substantially larger electron-phonon coupling compared to
the Sn counterpart compound Zr5Sn3. More superconductors with even higher
transition temperatures are expected to be found in this family of compounds.


title: Coproducts of distributive lattice-based algebras

abstract:
  This paper presents a systematic study of coproducts. This is carried out
principally, but not exclusively, for finitely generated quasivarieties A that
admit a (term) reduct in the variety D of bounded distributive lattices. In
this setting we present necessary and sufficient conditions on A for the
forgetful functor U from A to D to preserve coproducts. We also investigate the
possible behaviours of U as regards coproducts in A under weaker assumptions.
Depending on the properties exhibited by the functor, different procedures are
then available for describing these coproducts. We classify a selection of
well-known varieties within our scheme, thereby unifying earlier results and
obtaining some new ones. The paper's methodology draws heavily on duality
theory. We use Priestley duality as a tool and our descriptions of coproducts
are given in terms of this duality. We also exploit natural duality theory,
specifically multisorted piggyback dualities, in our analysis of the behaviour
of the forgetful functor into D. In the opposite direction, we reveal that the
type of natural duality that the class A can possess is governed by properties
of coproducts in A and the way in which the classes A and U(A) nteract.


title:
Localized mirror functor for Lagrangian immersions, and homological
  mirror symmetry for P^1_{a,b,c}

abstract:
  This paper gives a new way of constructing Landau-Ginzburg mirrors using
deformation theory of Lagrangian immersions motivated by the works of Seidel,
Strominger-Yau-Zaslow and Fukaya-Oh-Ohta-Ono. Moreover we construct a canonical
functor from the Fukaya category to the mirror category of matrix
factorizations. This functor derives homological mirror symmetry under some
explicit assumptions.
  As an application, the construction is applied to spheres with three orbifold
points to produce their quantum-corrected mirrors and derive homological mirror
symmetry. Furthermore we discover an enumerative meaning of the (inverse)
mirror map for elliptic curve quotients.


title:
Higgs and Sparticle Masses from Yukawa Unified SO(10): A Snowmass White
  Paper

abstract:
  We discuss ways to probe t-b-tau Yukawa coupling unification condition at the
Energy and Intensity frontiers. We consider non-universal soft supersymmetry
breaking mass terms for gauginos related by the SO(10) grand unified theory
(GUT). We have previously shown that t-b-tau Yukawa coupling unification
prefers a mass of around 125 GeV for the Standard Model-like Higgs boson with
all colored sparticle masses above 3 TeV. The well-known MSSM parameter
tan(beta) is about 47-48 and neutralino-stau coannihilation yields the desired
relic dark matter density.


title: Polydispersity and optimal relaxation in the hard sphere fluid

abstract:
  We consider the mass heterogeneity in a gas of polydisperse hard particles as
a key to optimizing a dynamical property: the kinetic relaxation rate. Using
the framework of the Boltzmann equation, we study the long time approach of a
perturbed velocity distribution toward the equilibrium Maxwellian solution. We
work out the cases of discrete as well as continuous distributions of masses,
as found in dilute fluids of mesoscopic particles such as granular matter and
colloids. On the basis of analytical and numerical evidence, we formulate a
dynamical equipartition principle that leads to the result that no such
continuous dispersion in fact minimizes the relaxation time, as the global
optimum is characterized by a finite number of species. This optimal mixture is
found to depend on the dimension d of space, ranging from five species for d=1
to a single one for d>=4. The role of the collisional kernel is also discussed,
and extensions to dissipative systems are shown to be possible.


title:
Turbulence in the Inter-galactic Medium: Solenoidal and Dilatational
  Motions, and the Impact of Numerical Viscosity

abstract:
  We use a suite of cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, run by two fixed
grid codes, to investigate the properties of solenoidal and dilatational
motions of the intergalactic medium (IGM), and the impact of numerical
viscosity on turbulence in a LCDM universe. The codes differ only in the
spatial difference discretization. We find that (1) The vortical motion grows
rapidly since $z=2$, and reaches $\sim 10 km/s -90 km/s$ at $z=0$. Meanwhile,
the small-scale compressive ratio $r_{CS}$ drops from 0.84 to 0.47, indicating
comparable vortical and compressive motions at present. (2) Power spectra of
the solenoidal velocity possess two regimes, $\propto k^{-0.89}$ and $\propto
k^{-2.02}$, while the total and dilatational velocity follow the scaling
$k^{-1.88}$ and $k^{-2.20}$ respectively in the turbulent range. The IGM
turbulence may contain two distinct phases, the supersonic and post-supersonic
phases. (3) The non-thermal pressure support, measured by the vortical kinetic
energy, is comparable with the thermal pressure for $\rho_b \simeq 10-100$, or
$T <10^{5.5} K$ at $z=0.0$. The deviation of the baryon fraction from the
cosmic mean shows a preliminary positive correlation with the turbulence
pressure support. (4) A relatively higher numerical viscosity would dissipate
both the compressive and vortical motions of the IGM into thermal energy more
effectively, resulting in less developed vorticity, remarkably shortened
inertial range, and leading to non-negligible uncertainty in the thermal
history of gas accretion. Shocks in regions outside of clusters are
significantly suppressed by numerical viscosity since $z=2$, which may directly
cause the different levels of turbulence between two codes.