title: On Classifying the Divisor Involutions in Calabi-Yau Threefolds

abstract:
  In order to support the odd moduli in models of (type IIB) string
compactification, we classify the Calabi-Yau threefolds with h^{1,1}<=4 which
exhibit pairs of identical divisors, with different line-bundle charges,
mapping to each other under possible divisor exchange involutions. For this
purpose, the divisors of interest are identified as completely rigid surface,
Wilson surface, K3 surface and some other deformation surfaces. Subsequently,
various possible exchange involutions are examined under the symmetry of
Stanley-Reisner Ideal. In addition, we search for the Calabi-Yau theefolds
which contain a divisor with several disjoint components. Under certain
reflection involution, such spaces also have nontrivial odd components in
(1,1)-cohomology class. String compactifications on such Calabi-Yau
orientifolds with non-zero h^{1,1}_-(CY_3/\sigma) could be promising for
concrete model building in both particle physics and cosmology. In the spirit
of using such Calabi-Yau orientifolds in the context of LARGE volume scenario,
we also present some concrete examples of (strong/weak) swiss-cheese type
volume form.


title: Twist deformation of l-conformal Galilei Hopf algebra

abstract:
  The six Abelian twist-deformations of l-conformal Galilei Hopf algebra are
considered. The corresponding twisted space-times are derived as well.


title: F-term Stabilization of Odd Axions in LARGE Volume Scenario

abstract:
  In the context of the LARGE volume scenario, stabilization of axionic moduli
is revisited. This includes both even and odd axions with their scalar
potential being generated by F-term contributions via various tree-level and
non-perturbative effects like fluxed E3-brane instantons and fluxed
poly-instantons. In all the cases, we estimate the decay constants and masses
of the axions involved.


title:
Quantum Teleportation from a Propagating Photon to a Solid-State Spin
  Qubit

abstract:
  The realization of a quantum interface between a propagating photon used for
transmission of quantum information, and a stationary qubit used for storage
and manipulation, has long been an outstanding goal in quantum information
science. A method for implementing such an interface between dissimilar qubits
is quantum teleportation, which has attracted considerable interest not only as
a versatile quantum-state-transfer method but also as a quantum computational
primitive. Here, we experimentally demonstrate transfer of quantum information
carried by a photonic qubit to a quantum dot spin qubit using quantum
teleportation. In our experiment, a single photon in a superposition state of
two colors -- a photonic qubit is generated using selective resonant excitation
of a neutral quantum dot. We achieve an unprecedented degree of
indistinguishability of single photons from different quantum dots by using
local electric and magnetic field control. To teleport a photonic qubit, we
generate an entangled spin-photon state in a second quantum dot located 5
meters away from the first and interfere the photons from the two dots in a
Hong-Ou-Mandel set-up. A coincidence detection at the output of the
interferometer heralds successful teleportation, which we verify by measuring
the resulting spin state after its coherence time is prolonged by an optical
spin-echo pulse sequence. The demonstration of successful inter-conversion of
photonic and semiconductor spin qubits constitute a major step towards the
realization of on-chip quantum networks based on semiconductor nano-structures.


title:
Energy, momentum and mass outflows and feedback from thick accretion
  discs around rotating black holes

abstract:
  Using long-duration general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of
radiatively inefficient accretion discs, the energy, momentum and mass outflow
rates from such systems are estimated. Outflows occur via two fairly distinct
modes: a relativistic jet and a sub-relativistic wind. The jet power depends
strongly on the black hole spin and on the magnetic flux at the horizon. Unless
these are very small, the energy output in the jet dominates over that in the
wind. For a rapidly spinning black hole accreting in the magnetically arrested
limit, it is confirmed that jet power exceeds the total rate of accretion of
rest mass energy. However, because of strong collimation, the jet probably does
not have a significant feedback effect on its immediate surroundings. The power
in the wind is more modest and shows a weaker dependence on black hole spin and
magnetic flux. Nevertheless, because the wind subtends a large solid angle, it
is expected to provide efficient feedback on a wide range of scales inside the
host galaxy. Empirical formulae are obtained for the energy and momentum
outflow rates in the jet and the wind.


title: The Anatomy of Web Censorship in Pakistan

abstract:
  Over the years, the Internet has democratized the flow of information.
Unfortunately, in parallel, authoritarian regimes and other entities (such as
ISPs) for their vested interests have curtailed this flow by partially or fully
censoring the web. The policy, mechanism, and extent of this censorship varies
from country to country.
  We present the first study of the cause, effect, and mechanism of web
censorship in Pakistan. Specifically, we use a publicly available list of
blocked websites and check their accessibility from multiple networks within
the country. Our results indicate that the censorship mechanism varies across
websites: some are blocked at the DNS level while others at the HTTP level.
Interestingly, the government shifted to a centralized, Internet exchange level
censorship system during the course of our study, enabling our findings to
compare two generations of blocking systems. Furthermore, we report the outcome
of a controlled survey to ascertain the mechanisms that are being actively
employed by people to circumvent censorship. Finally, we discuss some simple
but surprisingly unexplored methods of bypassing restrictions.


title: Black hole dynamics in generic spacetimes

abstract:
  The dynamics of black hole spacetimes play a crucial role in astrophysics,
high energy physics and fundamental physics. In this thesis I have investigated
the dynamics of black holes in generic spacetimes by extending established
numerical relativity methods to higher dimensional or non-asymptotically flat
spacetimes. Additionally, I have explored BH spacetimes perturbed my massive
scalar fields. By developing and further improving NR techniques I have been
able to push our knowledge to new grounds.


title: Microwave Absorption by a Mesoscopic Quantum Hall Droplet

abstract:
  We consider the absorption of microwaves by a quantum Hall droplet. We show
that the number and velocities of charged edge modes can be directly measured
from a droplet of known shape. In contrast to standard transport measurements,
different edge equilibration regimes can be accessed in the same device. If
there is a quantum point contact in the droplet, then quasiparticle properties,
including braiding statistics, can be observed. Their effects are manifested as
modulations of the microwave absorption spectrum that are, notably, first-order
in the tunneling amplitude at the point contact.


title:
Bose-Fermi Pairs in a Mixture and the Luttinger Theorem within a
  Nozieres-Schmitt-Rink like Approach

abstract:
  Bose-Fermion pair correlations in a mixture are considered at zero
temperature in the T-matrix approximation. Special attention is paid to the
Luttinger theorem. In a strict RPA variant of the Nozieres-Schmitt-Rink
approach, it is shown that this theorem is respected also in the homogeneous
infinite matter case. We calculate the corresponding occupation numbers of
fermions and bosons and the condensate depletion. We also show that in the
limit of very small boson density, our results are in good agreement with the
results found in the literature for the Fermi polaron in strongly imbalanced
Fermi-Fermi mixtures.


title: Forbidden Families of Configurations

abstract:
  A simple matrix is a (0,1)-matrix with no repeated columns. For a
(0,1)-matrix $F$, we say that a (0,1)-matrix $A$ has $F$ as a configuration if
there is a submatrix of $A$ which is a row and column permutation of $F$ (trace
is the set system version of a configuration). Let $\ncols{A}$ denote the
number of columns of $A$. Let ${\cal F}$ be a family of matrices. We define the
extremal function $forb(m,{\cal F})=\max{\ncols{A} : A is m-rowed simple matrix
and has no configuration F\in{\cal F}}$. We consider some families ${\cal
F}=\{F_1,F_2,\ldots, F_t\}$ such that individually each $\forb(m,F_i)$ has
greater asymptotic growth than $\forb(m,{\cal F})$.


title:
Solar Activity and Transformer Failures in the Greek National Electric
  Grid

abstract:
  We study both the short term and long term effects of solar activity on the
large transformers (150kV and 400kV) of the Greek national electric grid. We
use data analysis and various analytic and statistical methods and models.
Contrary to the common belief in PPC Greece, we see that there are considerable
both short term (immediate) and long term effects of solar activity onto large
transformers in a mid-latitude country (latitude approx. 35 - 41 degrees North)
like Greece. Our results can be summarized as follows: For the short term
effects: During 1989-2010 there were 43 stormy days (namely days with for
example Ap larger or equal to 100) and we had 19 failures occurring during a
stormy day plus or minus 3 days and 51 failures occurring during a stormy day
plus or minus 7 days. All these failures can be directly related to
Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs). Explicit cases are presented. For the
long term effects we have two main results: The annual transformer failure
number for the period of study 1989-2010 follows the solar activity pattern (11
year periodicity, bell-shaped graph). Yet the maximum number of transformer
failures occur 3-4 years after the maximum of solar activity. There is
statistical correlation between solar activity expressed using various newly
defined long term solar activity indices and the annual number of transformer
failures. These new long term solar activity indices were defined using both
local (from geomagnetic stations in Greece) and global (planetary averages)
geomagnetic data. Applying both linear and non-linear statistical regression we
compute the regression equations and the corresponding coefficients of
determination.

categories: physics.data-an astro-ph.EP astro-ph.SR physics.geo-ph physics.space-ph


title:
Effects of carbon concentration and filament number on advanced
  internal-Mg-infiltration-processed MgB2 Strands

abstract:
  An advanced internal Mg infiltration method (AIMI) in this paper has been
shown to be effective in producing superconducting wires containing dense MgB2
layers with high critical current densities. In this study, the in-field
critical current densities of a series of AIMI-fabricated MgB2 strands were
investigated in terms of C doping levels, heat treatment (HT) time and filament
numbers. The highest layer Jc for our monofilamentary AIMI strands is 1.5 x
10^5 A/cm2 at 10 T, 4.2 K, when the C concentration was 3 mol% and the strand
was heat-treated at 675 {\deg}C for 4 hours. Transport critical currents were
also measured at 4.2 K on short samples and one-meter segments of
eighteen-filament C-doped AIMI strands. The layer Jcs reached 4.3 x 10^5 A/cm2
at 5 T and 7.1 x 10^4 A/cm2 at 10 T, twice as high as those of the best PIT
strands. The analysis of these results indicates that the AIMI strands,
possessing both high layer Jcs and engineering Jes after further optimization,
have strong potential for commercial applications.


title: Irregular Sampling of the Radon Transform of Bandlimited Functions

abstract:
  We provide conditions for exact reconstruction of a bandlimited function from
irregular polar samples of its Radon transform. First, we prove that the Radon
transform is a continuous L2-operator for certain classes of bandlimited
signals. We then show that the Beurling-Malliavin condition for the radial
sampling density ensures existence and uniqueness of a solution. Moreover,
Jaffard's density condition is sufficient for stable reconstruction.


title: A probabilistic weak formulation of mean field games and applications

abstract:
  Mean field games are studied by means of the weak formulation of stochastic
optimal control. This approach allows the mean field interactions to enter
through both state and control processes and take a form which is general
enough to include rank and nearest-neighbor effects. Moreover, the data may
depend discontinuously on the state variable, and more generally its entire
history. Existence and uniqueness results are proven, along with a procedure
for identifying and constructing distributed strategies which provide
approximate Nash equlibria for finite-player games. Our results are applied to
a new class of multi-agent price impact models and a class of flocking models
for which we prove existence of equilibria.


title:
Brighter Branes, enhancement of photon production by strong magnetic
  fields in the gauge/gravity correspondence

abstract:
  We use the gauge/gravity correspondence to calculate the rate of photon
production in a strongly coupled N=4 plasma in the presence of an intense
magnetic field. We start by constructing a family of back reacted geometries
that include the black D3-brane solution, as a smooth limiting case for B=0,
and extends to backgrounds with an arbitrarily large constant magnetic field.
This family provides the gravitational dual of a field theory in the presence
of a very strong magnetic field which intensity can be fixed as desired and
allows us to study its effect on the photon production of a quark-gluon plasma.
The inclusion of perturbations in the electromagnetic field on these
backgrounds is consistent only if the metric is perturbed as well, so we use
methods developed to treat operator mixing to manage these general
perturbations. Our results show a clear enhancement of photon production with a
significant anisotropy, which, in qualitative agreement with the experiments of
heavy ion collisions, is particularly noticeable for low P.


title:
Universal properties of magnetization dynamics in polycrystalline
  ferromagnetic films

abstract:
  We investigate the scaling behavior in the statistical properties of
Barkhausen noise in ferromagnetic films. We apply the statistical treatment
usually employed for bulk materials in experimental Barkhausen noise time
series measured with the traditional inductive technique in polycrystalline
ferromagnetic films having different thickness from 100 up to 1000 nm, and
investigate the scaling exponents. Based on this procedure, we can group the
samples in a single universality class, characterized by exponents \tau \sim
1.5, \alpha \sim 2.0, and 1/\sigma \nu z \sim \vartheta \sim 2.0. We interpret
these results in terms of theoretical models and provide experimental evidence
that a well-known mean-field model for the dynamics of a ferromagnetic domain
wall in three-dimensional ferromagnets can be extended for films. We identify
that the films present an universal three-dimensional magnetization dynamics,
governed by long-range dipolar interactions, even at the smallest thicknesses,
indicating that the two-dimensional magnetic behavior commonly verified for
films cannot be generalized for all thickness ranges.


title:
Accurate Weak Lensing of Standard Candles. II. Measuring sigma8 with
  Supernovae

abstract:
  Soon the number of type Ia supernova (SN) measurements should exceed 100,000.
Understanding the effect of weak lensing by matter structures on the supernova
brightness will then be more important than ever. Although SN lensing is
usually seen as a source of systematic noise, we will show that it can be in
fact turned into signal. More precisely, the non-Gaussianity introduced by
lensing in the SN Hubble diagram dispersion depends rather sensitively on the
amplitude sigma8 of the matter power spectrum. By exploiting this relation, we
are able to predict constraints on sigma8 of 7% (3%) for a catalog of 100,000
(500,000) SNe of average magnitude error 0.12 without having to assume that
such intrinsic dispersion is known a priori. The intrinsic dispersion has been
assumed to be Gaussian; possible intrinsic non-Gaussianities in the dataset
(due to the SN themselves and/or to other transients) could be potentially
dealt with by means of additional nuisance parameters describing higher moments
of the intrinsic dispersion distribution function. This method is independent
of and complementary to the standard methods based on CMB, cosmic shear or
cluster abundance observables.


title:
Reflectionless measures and the Mattila-Melnikov-Verdera uniform
  rectifiability theorem

abstract:
  A new proof is given of the Mattila-Melnikov-Verdera theorem on the uniform
rectifiability of an Ahlfors-David regular measure whose associated Cauchy
transform operator is bounded.


title: Representing Boolean Functions Using Polynomials: More Can Offer Less

abstract:
  Polynomial threshold gates are basic processing units of an artificial neural
network. When the input vectors are binary vectors, these gates correspond to
Boolean functions and can be analyzed via their polynomial representations. In
practical applications, it is desirable to find a polynomial representation
with the smallest number of terms possible, in order to use the least possible
number of input lines to the unit under consideration. For this purpose,
instead of an exact polynomial representation, usually the sign representation
of a Boolean function is considered. The non-uniqueness of the sign
representation allows the possibility for using a smaller number of monomials
by solving a minimization problem. This minimization problem is combinatorial
in nature, and so far the best known deterministic algorithm claims the use of
at most $0.75\times 2^n$ of the $2^n$ total possible monomials. In this paper,
the basic methods of representing a Boolean function by polynomials are
examined, and an alternative approach to this problem is proposed. It is shown
that it is possible to use at most $0.5\times 2^n = 2^{n-1}$ monomials based on
the $\{0, 1\}$ binary inputs by introducing extra variables, and at the same
time keeping the degree upper bound at $n$. An algorithm for further reduction
of the number of terms that used in a polynomial representation is provided.
Examples show that in certain applications, the improvement achieved by the
proposed method over the existing methods is significant.


title:
Measuring the charged Higgs mass and distinguishing between models with
  top-quark observables

abstract:
  We study the process of single-top production in association with a charged
Higgs boson at the LHC and discuss how top-quark polarization and an azimuthal
asymmetry $A_\varphi$ of the charged lepton from top decay can be used in some
extensions of the Standard Model to determine or constrain the charged Higgs
boson mass. We also discuss some scenarios where these variables can be used to
distinguish between different models.


title:
Tunability of microwave transitions as a signature of coherent parity
  mixing effects in the Majorana-Transmon qubit

abstract:
  Coupling Majorana fermion excitations to coherent external fields is an
important stage towards their manipulation and detection. We analyse the charge
and transmon regimes of a topological nano-wire embedded within a
Cooper-Pair-Box, where the superconducting phase difference is coupled to the
zero energy parity states that arise from Majorana quasi-particles. We show
that at special gate bias points, the photon-qubit coupling can be switched off
via quantum interference, and in other points it is exponentially dependent on
the control parameter $E_J/E_C$. As well as a probe for
topological-superconductor excitations, we propose that this type of device
could be used to realise a tunable high coherence four-level system in the
superconducting circuits architecture.


title:
Asymptotics of discrete Riesz $d$-polarization on subsets of
  $d$-dimensional manifolds

abstract:
  We prove a conjecture of T. Erd\'{e}lyi and E.B. Saff, concerning the form of
the dominant term (as $N\to \infty$) of the $N$-point Riesz $d$-polarization
constant for an infinite compact subset $A$ of a $d$-dimensional
$C^{1}$-manifold embedded in $\mathbb{R}^{m}$ ($d\leq m$). Moreover, if we
assume further that the $d$-dimensional Hausdorff measure of $A$ is positive,
we show that any asymptotically optimal sequence of $N$-point configurations
for the $N$-point $d$-polarization problem on $A$ is asymptotically uniformly
distributed with respect to $\mathcal H_d|_A$.


title:
Flux and polarization signals of spatially inhomogeneous gaseous
  exoplanets

abstract:
  We present numerically calculated, disk--integrated, spectropolarimetric
signals of starlight that is reflected by vertically and horizontally
inhomogeneous gaseous exoplanets. We include various spatial features that are
present on Solar System's gaseous planets: belts and zones, cyclonic spots, and
polar hazes, to test whether such features leave traces in the disk--integrated
flux and polarization signals. Broadband flux and polarization signals of
starlight that is reflected by gaseous exoplanets are calculated using an
efficient, adding--doubling radiative transfer code, that fully includes single
and multiple scattering and polarization. The planetary model atmospheres are
vertically inhomogeneous and can be horizontally inhomogeneous, and contain gas
molecules and/or cloud and/or aerosol particles.


title: Quantum fields with classical interactions

abstract:
  We describe basic types of free fields (1) neutral scalar bosons; (2) massive
vector bosons; (3) massless vector bosons; (4) charged scalar bosons; (5) Dirac
fermions; (6) Majorana fermions. We also consider free field perturbed by a
linear or quadratic perturbation involving a classical (c-number) function: (1)
neutral scalar bosons interacting with a linear source; (2) neutral scalar
bosons interacting with a mass-like perturbation; (3) massive photons
interacting with an classical current; (4) massless photons interacting with an
classical current. (5) charged scalar bosons interacting with an
electromagnetic potential; (6) Dirac fermions interacting with an
electromagnetic potential.


title:
A mathematical model of kinetoplastid mitochondrial gene scrambling
  advantage

abstract:
  We model and discuss advantages of pan-editing, the complex way of expressing
mitochondrial genes in kinetoplastids. The rapid spread and preservation of
pan-editing seems to be due to its concomitant fragment dispersal. Such
dispersal prevents losing temporarily non expressed mitochondrial genes upon
intense intraspecific competition, by linking non expressed fragments to parts
which are still needed. We mathematically modelled protection against gene
loss, due to the absence of selection, by this kind of fragment association.
This gives ranges of values for parameters like scrambling extent, population
size, and number of generations still retaining full genomes despite limited
selection. Values obtained seem consistent with those observed. We find a
quasi-linear correlation between dispersal and number of generations after
which populations lose genes, showing that pan-editing can be selected to
effectively limit gene loss under relaxed selective pressure.


title: Statistical Inference for Stochastic Differential Equations with Memory

abstract:
  In this paper we construct a framework for doing statistical inference for
discretely observed stochastic differential equations (SDEs) where the driving
noise has 'memory'. Classical SDE models for inference assume the driving noise
to be Brownian motion, or "white noise", thus implying a Markov assumption. We
focus on the case when the driving noise is a fractional Brownian motion, which
is a common continuous-time modeling device for capturing long-range memory.
Since the likelihood is intractable, we proceed via data augmentation, adapting
a familiar discretization and missing data approach developed for the white
noise case. In addition to the other SDE parameters, we take the Hurst index to
be unknown and estimate it from the data. Posterior sampling is performed via a
Hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm on both the parameters and the missing data
simultaneously so as to improve mixing. We point out that, due to the
long-range correlations of the driving noise, careful discretization of the
underlying SDE is necessary for valid inference. Our approach can be adapted to
other types of rough-path driving processes such as Gaussian "colored" noise.
The methodology is used to estimate the evolution of the memory parameter in US
short-term interest rates.


title: On the cohomology of linear groups over imaginary quadratic fields

abstract:
  Let Gamma be the group GL_N (OO_D), where OO_D is the ring of integers in the
imaginary quadratic field with discriminant D<0. In this paper we investigate
the cohomology of Gamma for N=3,4 and for a selection of discriminants: D >=
-24 when N=3, and D=-3,-4 when N=4. In particular we compute the integral
cohomology of Gamma up to p-power torsion for small primes p. Our main tool is
the polyhedral reduction theory for Gamma developed by Ash and Koecher. Our
results extend work of Staffeldt, who treated the case n=3, D=-4. In a sequel
to this paper, we will apply some of these results to the computations with the
K-groups K_4 (OO_{D}), when D=-3,-4.


title:
A Novel Robust Method to Add Watermarks to Bitmap Images by Fading
  Technique

abstract:
  Digital water marking is one of the essential fields in image security and
copyright protection. The proposed technique in this paper was based on the
principle of protecting images by hide an invisible watermark in the image. The
technique starts with merging the cover image and the watermark image with
suitable ratios, i.e., 99% from the cover image will be merged with 1% from the
watermark image. Technically, the fading process is irreversible but with the
proposed technique, the probability to reconstruct the original watermark image
is great. There is no perceptible difference between the original and
watermarked image by human eye. The experimental results show that the proposed
technique proven its ability to hide images that have the same size of the
cover image. Three performance measures were implemented to support the
proposed techniques which are MSE, PSNR, and SSIM. Fortunately, all the three
measures have excellent values.


title:
Stochastic resonance-free multiple time-step algorithm for molecular
  dynamics with very large time steps

abstract:
  Molecular dynamics is one of the most commonly used approaches for studying
the dynamics and statistical distributions of many physical, chemical, and
biological systems using atomistic or coarse-grained models. It is often the
case, however, that the interparticle forces drive motion on many time scales,
and the efficiency of a calculation is limited by the choice of time step,
which must be sufficiently small that the fastest force components are
accurately integrated. Multiple time-stepping algorithms partially alleviate
this inefficiency by assigning to each time scale an appropriately chosen
step-size. However, such approaches are limited by resonance phenomena, wherein
motion on the fastest time scales limits the step sizes associated with slower
time scales. In atomistic models of biomolecular systems, for example,
resonances limit the largest time step to around 5-6 fs. In this paper, we
introduce a set of stochastic isokinetic equations of motion that are shown to
be rigorously ergodic and that can be integrated using a multiple time-stepping
algorithm that can be easily implemented in existing molecular dynamics codes.
The technique is applied to a simple, illustrative problem and then to a more
realistic system, namely, a flexible water model. Using this approach outer
time steps as large as 100 fs are shown to be possible.


title: Feasibility Study for a Next-Generation Mu2e Experiment

abstract:
  We explore the feasibility of a next-generation Mu2e experiment that uses
Project-X beams to achieve a sensitivity approximately a factor ten better than
the currently planned Mu2e facility.


title:
Convex geometric (k+2)-quasiplanar representations of semi-bar
  k-visibility graphs

abstract:
  We examine semi-bar visibility graphs in the plane and on a cylinder in which
sightlines can pass through k objects. We show every semi-bar k-visibility
graph has a (k+2)-quasiplanar representation in the plane with vertices drawn
as points in convex position and edges drawn as segments. We also show that the
graphs having cylindrical semi-bar k-visibility representations with semi-bars
of different lengths are the same as the (2k+2)-degenerate graphs having
edge-maximal (k+2)-quasiplanar representations in the plane with vertices drawn
as points in convex position and edges drawn as segments.


title: A Formal Sociologic Study of Free Will

abstract:
  We make a formal sociologic study of the concept of free will. By using the
language of mathematics and logic, we define what we call everlasting
societies. Everlasting societies never age: persons never age, and the goods of
the society are indestructible. The infinite history of an everlasting society
unfolds by following deterministic and probabilistic laws that do their best to
satisfy the free will of all the persons of the society.
  We define three possible kinds of histories for everlasting societies:
primitive histories, good histories, and golden histories. In primitive
histories, persons are inherently selfish, and they use their free will to
obtain the personal ownerships of all the goods of the society. In good
histories, persons are inherently good, and they use their free will to
distribute the goods of the society. In good histories, a person is not only
able to desire the personal ownership of goods, but is also able to desire that
a good be owned by another person. In golden histories, free will is bound by
the ethic of reciprocity, which states that "you should wish upon others as you
would like others to wish upon yourself". In golden societies, the ethic of
reciprocity becomes a law that partially binds free will, and that must be
abided at all times. In other words, the verb "should" becomes the verb "must".


title: The F-pure threshold of a Calabi-Yau hypersurface

abstract:
  The F-pure threshold is a positive characteristic numerical invariant,
analogous to the log canonical threshold in characteristic zero. We compute the
F-pure threshold of the affine cone over a Calabi-Yau hypersurface, and relate
it to the order of vanishing of the Hasse invariant on the versal deformation
space of the hypersurface.


title: Large Spin Pumping from Epitaxial Y3Fe5O12 Thin Films to Pt and W Layers

abstract:
  Epitaxial Y3Fe5O12 thin films have been deposited by off-axis sputtering,
which exhibit excellent crystalline quality, enabling observation of large spin
pumping signals in Pt/Y3Fe5O12 and W/Y3Fe5O12 bilayers driven by cavity
ferromagnetic resonance. The inverse spin Hall voltages reach 2.10 mV and -5.26
mV in 5-mm long Pt/Y3Fe5O12 and W/Y3Fe5O12 bilayers, respectively, excited by a
radio-frequency magnetic field of 0.3 Oe. From the ferromagnetic resonance
linewidth broadening, the interfacial spin mixing conductance of 4.56E14
{\Omega}-1m-2 and 2.30E14 {\Omega}-1m-2 are obtained for Pt/Y3Fe5O12 and
W/Y3Fe5O12 bilayers, respectively.


title: Extreme-Velocity Quasar Outflows and the Role of X-ray Shielding

abstract:
  Quasar accretion disk winds observed via broad absorption lines (BALs) in the
UV produce strong continuous absorption in X-rays. The X-ray absorber is
believed to serve critically as a radiative shield to enable radiative driving.
However, "mini-BAL" and narrow absorption line outflows have dramatically less
X-ray absorption than BALs. Here we examine X-ray and rest-frame UV spectra of
8 mini-BAL quasars with outflow speeds in the range 0.1c to 0.2c to test
whether extreme speeds require a strong shield. We find that the X-ray
absorption is weak or moderate, with neutral-equivalent column densities N_H <
few times 10^22 cm^-2, consistent with mini-BALs at lower speeds. We use
photoionization models to show that this amount of shielding is too weak to
control the outflow ionizations and, therefore, it is not important for the
acceleration. Shielding in complex geometries also seems unlikely because the
alleged shield would need to extinguish the ionizing far-UV flux while avoiding
detection in X-rays and the near-UV.
  We argue that the outflow ionizations are kept moderate, instead, by high gas
densities in small clouds. If the mini-BALs form at radial distances of order R
~ 2 pc from the central quasar (broadly consistent with theoretical models and
with the mini-BAL variabilities observed here and in previous work), and the
total column densities in the mini-BAL gas are N_H ~< 10^21 cm^-2, then the
total radial extent of outflow clouds is only Delta-R_clouds ~< 3 x 10^13 cm
and the radial filling factor is Delta-R_clouds/R ~< 5 x 10^-6 for
weak/negligible shielding. Compared to the transverse sizes >~ 8 x 10^15 cm
(based on measured line depths), the outflows have shapes like thin "pancakes"
viewed face-on, or they occupy larger volumes like a spray of many dense clouds
with a small volume filling factor. These results favor models with magnetic
confinement in magnetic disk winds.


title: Finite configurations in sparse sets

abstract:
  Let $E \subseteq R^n$ be a closed set of Hausdorff dimension $\alpha$. For $m
\geq n$, let $\{B_1,\ldots,B_k\}$ be $n \times (m-n)$ matrices. We prove that
if the system of matrices $B_j$ is non-degenerate in a suitable sense, $\alpha$
is sufficiently close to $n$, and if $E$ supports a probability measure obeying
appropriate dimensionality and Fourier decay conditions, then for a range of
$m$ depending on $n$ and $k$, the set $E$ contains a translate of a non-trivial
$k$-point configuration $\{B_1y,\ldots,B_ky\}$. As a consequence, we are able
to establish existence of certain geometric configurations in Salem sets (such
as parallelograms in $ R^n$ and isosceles right triangles in $R^2$). This can
be viewed as a multidimensional analogue of an earlier result of Laba and
Pramanik on 3-term arithmetic progressions in subsets of $R$.


title: Scattering-Free Optical Levitation of a Cavity Mirror

abstract:
  We demonstrate the feasibility of levitating a small mirror using only
radiation pressure. In our scheme, the mirror is supported by a tripod where
each leg of the tripod is a Fabry-Perot cavity. The macroscopic state of the
mirror is coherently coupled to the supporting cavity modes allowing coherent
interrogation and manipulation of the mirror motion. The proposed scheme is an
extreme example of the optical spring, where a mechanical oscillator is
isolated from the environment and its mechanical frequency and macroscopic
state can be manipulated solely through optical fields. We model the stability
of the system and find a three-dimensional lattice of trapping points where
cavity resonances allow for build up of optical field sufficient to support the
weight of the mirror. Our scheme offers a unique platform for studying quantum
and classical optomechanics and can potentially be used for precision
gravitational field sensing and quantum state generation.


title:
Superalgebraically Convergent Smoothly-Windowed Lattice Sums for Doubly
  Periodic Green Functions in Three-Dimensional Space

abstract:
  This paper, Part I in a two-part series, presents (i) A simple and highly
efficient algorithm for evaluation of quasi-periodic Green functions, as well
as (ii) An associated boundary-integral equation method for the numerical
solution of problems of scattering of waves by doubly periodic arrays of
scatterers in three-dimensional space. Except for certain "Wood frequencies" at
which the quasi-periodic Green function ceases to exist, the proposed approach,
which is based on use of smooth windowing functions, gives rise to lattice sums
which converge superalgebraically fast--that is, faster than any power of the
number of terms used--in sharp contrast with the extremely slow convergence
exhibited by the corresponding sums in absence of smooth windowing. (The
Wood-frequency problem is treated in Part II.) A proof presented in this paper
establishes rigorously the superalgebraic convergence of the windowed lattice
sums. A variety of numerical results demonstrate the practical efficiency of
the proposed approach.


title:
Study of shock wave dynamics produced by interaction of a fireball with
  the surrounding medium to it, to explain the x-ray afterglow of Gamma Ray
  Burst-GRBs

abstract:
  The Gamma-Ray Bursts - GRBs are one of the most energetic astronomical events
in the universe that have not yet an adequate explanation of what kind of
mechanism is carried out. This question motivates the astronomical community to
do radiation measurements associated with the GRBs. They also are doing
physical models to explain the temporal behavior of these observational
results. The community are looking for an appropriate explanation of GRBs
origin.
  This thesis presents an astrophysical model that includes an hydrodynamic and
radiative aspects. This model studies the temporal evolution of a wave carries
an expansive ultra-relativistic adiabatic fluid. Additionally, this thesis
present a comparison between model with GRB 050525 observational behavior. It
is found that the blast wave radius R shows an increase in the time: R \approx
t^{1/4}, the Lorentz gamma factor of charged particles that are in
ultra-relativistic fluid decreases significantly over time and the theoretical
flow of radiation: F_{\nu} \approx t^{-\beta} with {\beta} around 1 fits very
well with the two slopes of the x-ray afterglow light curve of GRB 050525.


title: Quenching of Cross Sections in Nucleon Transfer Reactions

abstract:
  Cross sections for proton knockout observed in (e,e'p) reactions are
apparently quenched by a factor of ~0.5, an effect attributed to short-range
correlations between nucleons. Here we demonstrate that such quenching is not
restricted to proton knockout, but a more general phenomenon associated with
any nucleon transfer. Measurements of absolute cross sections on a number of
targets between 16O and 208Pb were analyzed in a consistent way, with the cross
sections reduced to spectroscopic factors through the distorted-wave Born
approximation with global optical potentials. Across the 124 cases analyzed
here, induced by various proton- and neutron-transfer reactions and with
angular momentum transfer l=0-7, the results are consistent with a quenching
factor of 0.55. This is an apparently uniform quenching of single-particle
motion in the nuclear medium. The effect is seen not only in (d,p) reactions
but also in reactions with A=3 and 4 projectiles, when realistic wave functions
are used for the projectiles.


title: Future Web Growth and its Consequences for Web Search Architectures

abstract:
  Introduction: Before embarking on the design of any computer system it is
first necessary to assess the magnitude of the problem. In the case of a web
search engine this assessment amounts to determining the current size of the
web, the growth rate of the web, and the quantity of computing resource
necessary to search it, and projecting the historical growth of this into the
future. Method: The over 20 year history of the web makes it possible to make
short-term projections on future growth. The longer history of hard disk drives
(and smart phone memory card) makes it possible to make short-term hardware
projections. Analysis: Historical data on Internet uptake and hardware growth
is extrapolated. Results: It is predicted that within a decade the storage
capacity of a single hard drive will exceed the size of the index of the web at
that time. Within another decade it will be possible to store the entire
searchable text on the same hard drive. Within another decade the entire
searchable web (including images) will also fit. Conclusion: This result raises
questions about the future architecture of search engines. Several new models
are proposed. In one model the user's computer is an active part of the
distributed search architecture. They search a pre-loaded snapshot (back-file)
of the web on their local device which frees up the online data centre for
searching just the difference between the snapshot and the current time.
Advantageously this also makes it possible to search when the user is
disconnected from the Internet. In another model all changes to all files are
broadcast to all users (forming a star-like network) and no data centre is
needed.


title: A geometric wave function for few interacting bosons in a harmonic trap

abstract:
  We establish a new geometric wave function that combined with a variational
principle efficiently describes a system of bosons interacting in a
one-dimensional trap. By means of a a combination of the exact wave function
solution for contact interactions and the asymptotic behaviour of the harmonic
potential solution we obtain the ground state energy, probability density and
profiles of a few boson system in a harmonic trap. We are able to access all
regimes, ranging from the strongly attractive to the strongly repulsive one
with an original and simple formulation.


title:
Effective Field Theory for Finite Systems with Spontaneously Broken
  Symmetry

abstract:
  We extend effective field theory to the case of spontaneous symmetry breaking
in genuinely finite quantum systems such as small superfluid systems, molecules
or atomic nuclei, and focus on deformed nuclei. In finite superfluids, symmetry
arguments alone relate the spectra of systems with different particle numbers.
For systems with non-spherical intrinsic ground states such as atomic nuclei or
molecules, symmetry arguments alone yield the universal features of the
low-lying excitations as vibrations that are the heads of rotational bands. The
low-lying excitations in deformed nuclei differ from those in molecules because
of symmetry properties caused by pairing.


title: Partial hyperbolicity and specification

abstract:
  We study the specification property for partially hyperbolic dynamical
systems. In particular, we show that if a partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism
has two saddles with different indices, and stable manifold of one of them
coincides with the strongly stable leaf, then it does not satisfy the
specification property. As an application, we prove that there exists a
$C^1$-open and dense subset $\mathcal P$ in the set of robustly non-hyperbolic
transitive diffeomorphisms on a three dimensional closed manifold such that
diffeomorphisms in $\mathcal P$ do not satisfy the specification property.


title:
Quantum computational algorithm for hidden symmetry subgroup problems on
  semi-direct product of cyclic groups

abstract:
  We characterize the algebraic structure of semi-direct product of cyclic
groups, $\Z_{N}\rtimes\Z_{p}$, where $p$ is an odd prime number which does not
divide $q-1$ for any prime factor $q$ of $N$, and provide a polynomial-time
quantum computational algorithm solving hidden symmetry subgroup problem of the
groups.


title:
Multiple transient memories in sheared suspensions: robustness,
  structure, and routes to plasticity

abstract:
  Multiple transient memories, originally discovered in charge-density-wave
conductors, are a remarkable and initially counterintuitive example of how a
system can store information about its driving. In this class of memories, a
system can learn multiple driving inputs, nearly all of which are eventually
forgotten despite their continual input. If sufficient noise is present, the
system regains plasticity so that it can continue to learn new memories
indefinitely. Recently, Keim & Nagel showed how multiple transient memories
could be generalized to a generic driven disordered system with noise, giving
as an example simulations of a simple model of a sheared non-Brownian
suspension. Here, we further explore simulation models of suspensions under
cyclic shear, focussing on three main themes: robustness, structure, and
overdriving. We show that multiple transient memories are a robust feature
independent of many details of the model. The steady-state spatial distribution
of the particles is sensitive to the driving algorithm; nonetheless, the memory
formation is independent of such a change in particle correlations. Finally, we
demonstrate that overdriving provides another means for controlling memory
formation and retention.


title: A Discrepancy Bound for a Deterministic Acceptance-Rejection Sampler

abstract:
  We consider an acceptance-rejection sampler based on a deterministic driver
sequence. The deterministic sequence is chosen such that the discrepancy
between the empirical target distribution and the target distribution is small.
We use quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) point sets for this purpose. The empirical
evidence shows convergence rates beyond the crude Monte Carlo rate of
$N^{-1/2}$. We prove that the discrepancy of samples generated by the QMC
acceptance-rejection sampler is bounded from above by $N^{-1/s}$. A lower bound
shows that for any given driver sequence, there always exists a target density
such that the star discrepancy is at most $N^{-2/(s+1)}$. For a general
density, whose domain is the real state space $\mathbb{R}^{s-1}$, the inverse
Rosenblatt transformation can be used to convert samples from the
$(s-1)-$dimensional cube to $\mathbb{R}^{s-1}$. We show that this
transformation is measure preserving. This way, under certain conditions, we
obtain the same convergence rate for a general target density defined in
$\mathbb{R}^{s-1}$. Moreover, we also consider a deterministic reduced
acceptance-rejection algorithm recently introduced by Barekat and Caflisch [F.
Barekat and R.Caflisch. Simulation with Fluctuation and Singular Rates.
ArXiv:1310.4555[math.NA], 2013.]


title:
Low energy reactions $K^-p\rightarrow\Sigma^0\pi^0$, $\Lambda\pi^0$,
  $\bar{K}^0n$ and the strangeness $S=-1$ hyperons

abstract:
  A combined study of the reactions $K^-p\rightarrow \Sigma^0\pi^0$,
$\Lambda\pi^0$ and $\bar{K}^0n$ at low energies is carried out with a chiral
quark-model approach. Good descriptions of the experimental observations are
obtained. The roles of the low-lying strangeness $S=-1$ hyperon resonances in
these processes are carefully analyzed. We find that: (i) In the
$K^-p\rightarrow \Sigma^0\pi^0$ process, both $\Lambda(1405)S_{01}$ and
$\Lambda(1520)D_{03}$ play dominant roles. Significant contributions of
$\Lambda(1670)S_{01}$ and $\Lambda(1690)D_{03}$ could be seen around their
threshold; (ii) In the $K^-p\rightarrow \Lambda\pi^0$ process, some obvious
evidence of $\Sigma(1775)D_{15}$ and $\Sigma(1750)S_{11}$ could be found. Some
hints of $\Sigma(1620)S_{11}$ might exist in the reaction as well.
$\Sigma(1750)S_{11}$ and $\Sigma(1620)S_{11}$ should correspond to the
representations $[70,^48]S_{11}$ and $[70,^28]S_{11}$, respectively; (iii) In
the $K^-p\rightarrow \bar{K}^0n$ process, the dominant resonances are
$\Lambda(1405)$ and $\Lambda(1520)$. Some evidence of $\Lambda(1690)D_{03}$,
$\Sigma(1670)D_{13}$ and $\Sigma(1775)D_{15}$ could be seen as well. A weak
coupling of $\Lambda(1670)S_{01}$ to $\bar{K}N$ should be needed in the
reactions $K^-p\rightarrow \Sigma^0\pi^0$ and $\bar{K}^0n$. Furthermore, by
analyzing these reactions, we also find that the $u$-, t-channel backgrounds
and s-channel Born term play crucial roles in the reactions.


title: Magneto-transport in copper-doped noncentrosymmetric BiTeI

abstract:
  BiTeI exhibits large Rashba spin splitting due to its noncentrosymmetric
crystal structure. The study of chemical doping effect is important in order to
either tune the Fermi level or refine the crystal quality. Here, we report the
magneto-transport measurement in high quality BiTeI single crystals with
different copper dopings. We found that a small amount of copper doping
improves the crystal quality significantly, which is supported by the transport
data showing higher Hall mobility and larger amplitude in Shubnikov-de Haas
oscillation at low temperature. Two distinct frequencies in Shubnikov-de Haas
oscillation were observed giving extremal Fermi surface areas of $A_{S} = 9.1
\times 10^{12}$ cm$^{-2}$ and $A_{L} = 3.47\times 10^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$ with
corresponding cyclotron masses $m_S^*$ = 0.0353 $m_e$ and $m_L^*$ = 0.178
$m_e$, respectively. Those results are further compared with relativistic band
structure calculations using three reported Te and I refined or calculated
positions. Our analysis infers the crucial role of Bi-Te bond length in the
observed large bulk Rashba-type spin splitting effect in BiTeI.


title: On Sloane's persistence problem

abstract:
  We investigate the so-called persistence problem of Sloane, exploiting
connections with the dynamics of circle maps and the ergodic theory of
$\mathbb{Z}^d$ actions. We also formulate a conjecture concerning the
asymptotic distribution of digits in long products of finitely many primes
whose truth would, in particular, solve the persistence problem. The heuristics
that we propose to complement our numerical studies can be thought in terms of
a simple model in statistical mechanics.


title:
Precision Measurements of ${\cal B}[\psi(3686) \to \pi^+\pi^- J/\psi]$
  and ${\cal B}[J/\psi\to l^+l^-]$

abstract:
  Based on $(106.41 \pm 0.86)\times 10^{6}$ $\psi(3686)$ events collected with
the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the branching fractions of
$\psi(3686) \to \pi^+\pi^- J/\psi$, $J/\psi \to e^+e^- $, and $J/\psi \to
\mu^+\mu^-$ are measured. We obtain ${\cal B}[\psi(3686) \to
\pi^+\pi^-J/\psi]=(34.98\pm 0.02\pm 0.45)%$, ${\cal B}[J/\psi \to e^+e^-] =
(5.983 \pm 0.007 \pm 0.037)%$ and ${\cal B}[J/\psi \to \mu^+\mu^-] = (5.973 \pm
0.007 \pm 0.038)%$. The measurement of ${\cal B}[\psi(3686) \to
\pi^{+}\pi^{-}J/\psi]$ confirms the CLEO-c measurement, and is apparently
larger than the others. The measured $J/\psi$ leptonic decay branching
fractions agree with previous experiments within one standard deviation. These
results lead to ${\cal B}[J/\psi \to l^+l^-] = (5.978 \pm 0.005 \pm 0.040)%$ by
averaging over the $e^{+}e^{-}$ and $\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$ channels and a ratio of
${\cal B}[J/\psi \to e^+e^-] / {\cal B}[J/\psi \to \mu^+\mu^-] = 1.0017 \pm
0.0017 \pm 0.0033$, which tests $e$-$\mu$ universality at the four tenths of a
percent level. All the measurements presented in this paper are the most
precise in the world to date.


title:
Plasma effect in the longitudinal space charge induced microbunching
  instability for low energy electron beams

abstract:
  The microbunching instability usually exists in the LINAC of a free electron
laser (FEL) facility. In many cases, the longitudinal space charge (LSC) is a
dominant factor that generates the instability. For the highly bright electron
beams, the plasma effect is found to be non-trivial in the development of the
instability. In this paper, starting from the Vlasov and Poisson equations in
the multiple-dimensional phase space, we perform the straightforward analysis
of the microbunching instability based on the explicit formula of the
longitudinal electric field introduced by the density perturbation in the
longitudinal direction, in such a way to be highly comparable to the
well-developed method for higher energy beams. This method generally applies in
both the cases with and without acceleration and independent of lattice
components. The results show that for a electron beam with small transverse
emittance at low energies, which is always the case in the injector of a free
electron laser device, the plasma effect results in the oscillation of the
longitudinal electric field in the modified plasma frequency that depends on
the transverse size of the beam, and the Landau damping effect in the
longitudinal electric field due to the uncorrelated longitudinal velocity
spread during the beam transportation. These two effects both play important
roles in the development of the instability. As the result, the energy
modulation driven by the LSC impedance differs from the regular value
significantly and the discrepancy leads to the noticeable change of the final
gain of the instability.


title: Momentum and energy propagation in tapered granular chains

abstract:
  We study momentum and energy propagation in 1D tapered chains of spherical
granules which interact according to a Hertz potential. In this work we apply
the binary collision approximation, which is based on the assumption that
transfer of energy along the chain occurs via a succession of two-particle
collisions. Although the binary theory correctly captures the trends of
increase or decrease of kinetic energy and momentum, the actual values of these
quantities are not in good quantitative agreement with those obtained by
numerically integrating the full equations of motion. To address this
difficulty we have developed a mixed numerical/analytical correction algorithm
to provide an improved estimate of the velocity of the particles during pulse
propagation. With this corrected velocity we are in turn able to correctly
predict the momentum and kinetic energy along the chain for several tapering
configurations, specifically for forward linear, forward exponential, backward
linear and backward exponential tapering.


title:
AdaBoost and Forward Stagewise Regression are First-Order Convex
  Optimization Methods

abstract:
  Boosting methods are highly popular and effective supervised learning methods
which combine weak learners into a single accurate model with good statistical
performance. In this paper, we analyze two well-known boosting methods,
AdaBoost and Incremental Forward Stagewise Regression (FS$_\varepsilon$), by
establishing their precise connections to the Mirror Descent algorithm, which
is a first-order method in convex optimization. As a consequence of these
connections we obtain novel computational guarantees for these boosting
methods. In particular, we characterize convergence bounds of AdaBoost, related
to both the margin and log-exponential loss function, for any step-size
sequence. Furthermore, this paper presents, for the first time, precise
computational complexity results for FS$_\varepsilon$.


title: The evolution of dusty torus covering factor in quasars

abstract:
  We have assembled a large sample of 5996 quasars at redshift 2.0=< z <= 2.4
(high-z) or 0.7=< z <= 1.1 (low-z) from SDSS data release nine and seven quasar
catalogs. The spectral energy distribution (SED) of quasars were constructed by
collecting WISE, UKIDSS, and GALEX photometric data in addition to SDSS, from
which the IR luminosity at 1-7 \mu m and bolometric luminosity at 1100 \AA - 1
\mu m were calculated. A red tail is clearly seen in the distributions of the
spectral index in 1100 \AA - 1 \mu m both for high-z and low-z sources, which
is likely due to red or reddened quasars. The covering factor of dusty torus is
estimated as the ratio of the IR luminosity to the bolometric luminosity. We
found significant anti-correlations between the covering factor and bolometric
luminosity, in both high-z and low-z quasars, however they follow different
tracks. At overlapped bolometric luminosity, the covering factor of high-z
quasars are systematically larger than those of low-z quasars, implying an
evolution of covering factor with redshift.


title: The Dual Roles of Quantum Discord in a Non-demolition Probing Task

abstract:
  We present a non-demolition quantum information processing task of probing
the information of a class of quantum state. In this task, the information is
extracted by some unitary evolution with the introduced probing qubit assisted,
but the probed quantum state (density matrix) is undisturbed at any time and
independent of the choice of the initial probing state. We give a sufficient
and necessary condition on the Hamiltonian that can lead to the successful
realization of such a task. We prove that, for any feasible scheme, the probed
plus probing system will always stay at a disentangled state with one side
quantum discord absent and the other side one inevitably produced in the
probing process. An explicit example is given for the demonstration, whilst the
example shows that the ratio of quantum discord to the total correlation will
have to reduce to zero for the maximal accessible information. In this sense,
we say that quantum discord plays the dual roles in this case.


title: Dynamical 3-Space: Black Holes in an Expanding Universe

abstract:
  Black holes are usually studied without including effects of the expanding
universe. However in some recent studies black holes have been embedded in an
expanding universe, in order to determine the interplay, if any, of these two
dynamical processes. Dynamical 3-space theory contains time independent
solutions for black holes, which are spatial in-flows, and separately the time
dependent Hubble expansion. This theory has explained numerous puzzles in
observational astrophysics and contains 3 constants; G, alpha - which from
experimental data turns out to be the fine structure constant, and delta -
which is a small but nonzero distance, possibly a Planck-type length. The
Hubble expansion in the dynamical 3-space theory cannot be `switched off',
forcing the study, first, of isolated black holes coexisting with the expanding
universe. It is shown that a time dependent black hole and expanding universe
solution exists. The nature and implications of these solutions are discussed
as they evolve over time. A dynamical network of black holes and induced
linking cosmic filaments forming bubble structures is discussed, as a
consequence of dynamical 3-space undergoing a dynamical breakdown of
homogeneity and isotropy, even in the absence of baryonic matter.


title: Entangling Power in the Deterministic Quantum Computation with One Qubit

abstract:
  The deterministic quantum computing with one qubit (DQC1) is a mixed-state
quantum computation algorithm that evaluates the normalized trace of a unitary
matrix and is more powerful than the classical counterpart. We find that the
normalized trace of the unitary matrix can be directly described by the
entangling power of the quantum circuit of the DQC1, so the nontrivial DQC1 is
always accompanied with the non-vanishing entangling power. In addition, it is
shown that the entangling power also determines the intrinsic complexity of
this quantum computation algorithm, i.e., the larger entangling power
corresponds to higher complexity. Besides, it is also shown that the
non-vanishing entangling power does always exist in other similar tasks of
DQC1.


title: Direct Measure of Quantum Correlation

abstract:
  The quantumness of the correlation known as quantum correlation is usually
measured by quantum discord. So far various quantum discords can be roughly
understood as indirect measure by some special discrepancy of two quantities.
We present a direct measure of quantum correlation by revealing the difference
between the structures of classically and quantum correlated states. Our
measure explicitly includes the contributions of the inseparability and local
non-orthogonality of the eigenvectors of a density. Besides its relatively easy
computability, our measure can provide a unified understanding of quantum
correlation of all the present versions.


title:
Proposal for an on-demand source of polarized electrons into the edges
  of a topological insulator

abstract:
  We propose a device that allows for the emission of pairs of spin-polarized
electrons into the edge-states of a two dimensional topological insulator.
Charge and spin emission is achieved using a periodically driven quantum dot
weakly coupled to the edge states of the host topological insulator. We present
calculations of the emitted time-dependent charge and spin currents of such a
dynamical scatterer using the Floquet scattering matrix approach. Experimental
signatures of spin-polarized two-particle emission can be found in noise
measurements. Here a new form of noise suppression, named
$\mathbb{Z}_2$--antibunching, is introduced. Additionally, we propose a set-up
in which entanglement of the emitted electrons is generated. This entanglement
is based on a post-selection procedure and becomes manifest in a violation of a
Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality.


title:
Solving two dual problems of splicing vortex and potential flows with
  Goldshtik's variational method

abstract:
  The general problem of a perfect incompressible fluid motion with vortex
areas and variant constant vorticities is formulated. The M.A. Goldshtik's
variational approach is considered on research of dual problems for flows with
vortex and potential areas that describe detached flow and a motion model of a
perfect incompressible fluid in field of Coriolis forces.


title: On the detectability of extragalactic fast radio transients

abstract:
  Recent discoveries of highly dispersed millisecond radio bursts by Thornton
et al. in a survey with the Parkes radio telescope at 1.4 GHz point towards an
emerging population of sources at cosmological distances whose origin is
currently unclear. Here we demonstrate that the scattering effects at lower
radio frequencies are less than previously thought, and that the bursts could
be detectable at redshifts out to about $z=0.5$ in surveys below 1 GHz. Using a
source model in which the bursts are standard candles with bolometric
luminosities $\sim 8 \times 10^{44}$ ergs/s uniformly distributed per unit
comoving volume, we derive an expression for the observed peak flux density as
a function of redshift and use this, together with the rate estimates found by
Thornton et al. to find an empirical relationship between event rate and
redshift probed by a given survey. The non-detection of any such events in
Arecibo 1.4 GHz survey data by Deneva et al., and the Allen Telescope Array
survey by Simeon et al. is consistent with our model. Ongoing surveys in the
1--2 GHz band should result in further discoveries. At lower frequencies,
assuming a typical radio spectral index $\alpha=-1.4$, the predicted peak flux
densities are 10s of Jy. As a result, surveys of such a population with current
facilities would not necessarily be sensitivity limited and could be carried
out with small arrays to maximize the sky coverage. We predict that sources may
already be present in 350-MHz surveys with the Green Bank Telescope. Surveys at
150 MHz with 30 deg$^2$ fields of view could detect one source per hour above
30 Jy.


title: Topology of Musical Data

abstract:
  The musical realm is a promising area in which to expect to find nontrivial
topological structures. This paper describes several kinds of metrics on
musical data, and explores the implications of these metrics in two ways: via
techniques of classical topology where the metric space of all-possible musical
data can be described explicitly, and via modern data-driven ideas of
persistent homology which calculates the Betti-number bar-codes of individual
musical works. Both analyses are able to recover three well known topological
structures in music: the circle of notes (octave-reduced scalar structures),
the circle of fifths, and the rhythmic repetition of timelines. Applications to
a variety of musical works (for example, folk music in the form of standard
MIDI files) are presented, and the bar codes show many interesting features.
Examples show that individual pieces may span the complete space (in which case
the classical and the data-driven analyses agree), or they may span only part
of the space.


title: Expanded solar-system limits on violations of the equivalence principle

abstract:
  Most attempts to unify general relativity with the standard model of particle
physics predict violations of the equivalence principle associated in some way
with the composition of the test masses. We test this idea by using
observational uncertainties in the positions and motions of solar-system bodies
to set upper limits on possible differences $\Delta$ between the gravitational
and inertial mass of each body. For suitable pairs of objects, it is possible
to constrain three different linear combinations of $\Delta$ using Kepler's
third law, the migration of stable Lagrange points, and orbital polarization
(the Nordtvedt effect). Limits of order $10^{-10}-10^{-6}$ on $\Delta$ for
individual bodies can then be derived from planetary and lunar ephemerides,
Cassini observations of the Saturn system, and observations of Jupiter's Trojan
asteroids as well as recently discovered Trojan companions around the Earth,
Mars, Neptune, and Saturnian moons. These results can be combined with models
for elemental abundances in each body to test for composition-dependent
violations of the universality of free fall in the solar system. The resulting
limits are weaker than those from laboratory experiments, but span a larger
volume in composition space.


title: Gauge Invariant Overlaps for Identity-Based Marginal Solutions

abstract:
  We investigate identity-based solutions associated with marginal deformations
in open string field theory. We find that the identity-based marginal solutions
can be represented as a difference of wedge-based solutions plus an integration
of a deformed BRST exact state. Using this expression, the gauge invariant
overlap can be calculated analytically for the identity-based solutions.
Moreover, we show that, by gauge transformation, the overlap is transformed
into a disk correlation function with the integrations of currents at the
boundary.


title: A New TCP/AQM System Analysis

abstract:
  The MGT fluid model has been used extensively to guide designs of AQM schemes
aiming to alleviate adverse effects of Internet congestion. In this paper, we
provide a new analysis of a TCP/AQM system that aims to improve the accuracy of
the MGT fluid model especially in heavy traffic conditions. The analysis is
based on the consideration of two extreme congestion scenarios that leads to
the derivation of upper and lower bounds for the queue length and marking
probability dynamics and showing that they approach each other in steady state.
Both discrete and continuous time models are provided. Simulation results
demonstrate that the new model achieves a significantly higher level of
accuracy than a simplified version of the MGT fluid model.


title: Comparison of Static Length-Scales Characterizing the Glass Transition

abstract:
  The dramatic dynamic slowing down associated with the glass transition is
considered by many to be related to the existence of a static length scale that
grows when temperature decreases. Defining, identifying and measuring such a
length is a subtle and non-trivial problem. Recently, two proposals, based on
very different insights regarding the relevant physics, were put forward. One
approach is based on the point-to-set correlation technique and the other on
the scale where the lowest eigenvalue of the Hessian matrix becomes sensitive
to disorder. In this Letter we present numerical evidence that the two
approaches might result in the same identical length scale. This provides
further mutual support to their relevance and, at the same time, raise
interesting theoretical questions, discussed in the conclusion, concerning the
fundamental reason for their relationship.


title:
Charge density mapping of strongly-correlated few-electron
  two-dimensional quantum dots by scanning probe technique

abstract:
  We perform a numerical simulation of mapping of charge confined in quantum
dots by the scanning probe technique. We solve the few-electron Schr\"odinger
equation with the exact diagonalization approach and evaluate the energy maps
in function of the probe position. Next, from the energy maps we try to
reproduce the charge density distribution using an integral equation given by
the perturbation theory. The reproduced density maps are confronted with the
original ones. The present study covers two-dimensional quantum dots of various
geometries and profiles with the one-dimensional (1D) quantum dot as a limit
case. We concentrate on large quantum dots for which strong electron-electron
correlations appear. For circular dots the correlations lead to formation of
Wigner molecules that in the presence of the tip appear in the laboratory
frame. The unperturbed rotationally-symmetric charge density is surprisingly
well reproduced by the mapping. We find in general that the size of the
confined droplet as well as the spatial extent of the charge density maxima is
underestimated for repulsive tip potential and overestimated for the attractive
tip. In lower-symmetry quantum dots the Wigner molecules with single-electron
islands nucleate for some electron numbers even in the absence of the tip.
These charge densities are well resolved by the mapping. The single-electron
islands appear in the laboratory frame provided that classical point charge
density distribution is unique, in the 1D limit of confinement in particular.
We demonstrate that for electron systems which possess a few equivalent
classical configurations the repulsive probe switches between the
configurations. In consequence the charge density evades mapping by the
repulsive probe.


title:
Topological Superfluids with Finite Momentum Pairing and Majorana
  Fermions

abstract:
  Majorana fermions, quantum particles that are their own anti-particles, are
not only of fundamental importance in elementary particle physics and dark
matter, but also building blocks for fault-tolerant quantum computation.
Recently Majorana fermions have been intensively studied in solid state and
cold atomic systems. These studies are generally based on superconducting
pairing between two Fermions with opposite momenta (\textit{% i.e.}, zero total
momentum). On the other hand, finite total momentum Cooper pairings, known as
Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) states, were predicted 50 years ago and
then widely studied in many branches of physics. However, whether FFLO
superconductors can also support Majorana fermions has not been explored. Here
we show that Majorana fermions can exist in certain types of gapped FFLO
states, yielding a new topological quantum matter: topological FFLO
superfluids/superconductors. We demonstrate the existence of such topological
FFLO superfluids and the associated Majorana fermions using spin-orbit coupled
degenerate Fermi gases and derive their physical parameter regions. The
potential implementation of topological FFLO superconductors in
semiconductor/superconductor heterostructures are also discussed.


title:
Probing the viscoelastic properties of polyacrylamide polymer gels in a
  wide frequency range

abstract:
  Polymer gels have been shown to behave as viscoelastic materials but only a
small amount of data is usually provided in the glassy transition. In this
paper, the dynamic moduli G' and G" of polyacrylamide hydrogels are
investigated using both an AFM in contact force modulation mode and a classical
rheometer. The validity is shown by perfect matching of the two techniques.
Measurements are carried out on gels of increasing polymer concentration in a
wide frequency range. A model based on fractional derivatives is proposed,
covering the whole frequency range. G_0^N, the plateau modulus, as well as nf,
the slope of the G" modulus, are obtained at low frequencies. The model also
predicts the slope a of both moduli in the transition regime, as well as a new
transition time T. The whole frequency spectrum is recovered, and the model
parameters contain interesting information about the physics of such gels.


title: Vibration motions studied by Heterodyne Holography

abstract:
  Playing with amplitude, phase and frequency of both reference and signal
arms, heterodyne holography is well adapted to vibration analysis. Vibration
sidebands can be imaged and stroboscopic measurement sensitive to mechanical
phase can be made


title: Signal and Noise scaling factors in digital holography

abstract:
  An experimental study on how reconstructed image signal and noise scale with
acquisition and reconstruction parameters is proposed. Monte-carlo simulation
is performed to emphasize that the measured noise is shot-noise.


title:
Two-step distortion-free reconstruction scheme for holographic
  microscopy

abstract:
  We propose a three-dimensional holographic reconstruction procedure
applicable with no a priori knowledge about the recording conditions enabling
distortion-free three-dimensional object reconstruction.


title:
Handover adaptation for dynamic load balancing in 3gpp long term
  evolution systems

abstract:
  The long-Term Evolution (LTE) of the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership
Project) radio access network is in early stage of specification. Self-tuning
and self-optimisation algorithms are currently studied with the aim of
enriching the LTE standard. This paper investigates auto-tuning of LTE mobility
algorithm. The auto-tuning is carried out by adapting handover parameters of
each base station according to its radio load and the load of its adjacent
cells. The auto-tuning alleviates cell congestion and balances the traffic and
the load between cells by handing off mobiles close to the cell border from the
congested cell to its neighbouring cells. Simulation results show that the
auto-tuning process brings an important gain in both call admission rate and
user throughput.


title:
Maximal accretive extensions of Schr\"odinger operators on vector
  bundles over infinite graphs

abstract:
  Given a Hermitian vector bundle over an infinite weighted graph, we define
the Laplacian associated to a unitary connection on this bundle and study the
essential self-adjointness of a perturbation of this Laplacian by an
operator-valued potential. Additionally, we give a sufficient condition for the
resulting Schr\"odinger operator to serve as the generator of a strongly
continuous contraction semigroup in the corresponding l^{p}-space.


title:
A biomechanical model of swallowing for understanding the influence of
  saliva and food bolus viscosity on flavour release

abstract:
  After swallowing a liquid or a semi-liquid food product, a thin film
responsible for the dynamic profile of aroma release coats the pharyngeal
mucosa. The objective of the present article was to understand and quantify
physical mechanisms explaining pharyngeal mucosa coating. An elastohydrodynamic
model of swallowing was developed for Newtonian liquids that focused on the
most occluded region of the pharyngeal peristaltic wave. The model took
lubrication by a saliva film and mucosa deformability into account. Food bolus
flow rate and generated load were predicted as functions of three dimensionless
variables: the dimensionless saliva flow rate, the viscosity ratio between
saliva and the food bolus, and the elasticity number. Considering physiological
conditions, the results were applied to predict aroma release kinetics. Two
sets of conditions were distinguished. The first one was obtained when the
saliva film is thin, in which case food bolus viscosity has a strong impact on
mucosa coating and on flavour release. More importantly, we demonstrated the
existence of a second set of conditions. It was obtained when the saliva film
is thick and the food bolus coating the mucosa is very diluted by saliva during
the swallowing process and the impact of its viscosity on flavour release is
weak. This last phenomenon explains physically in vivo observations for
Newtonian food products found in the literature. Moreover, in this case, the
predicted thickness of the mix of food bolus with saliva coating the mucosa is
approximately of 20 $\mu$m; value in agreement with orders of magnitude found
in the literature.


title: Machining of complex-shaped parts with guidance curves

abstract:
  Nowadays, high-speed machining is usually used for production of hardened
material parts with complex shapes such as dies and molds. In such parts, tool
paths generated for bottom machining feature with the conventional parallel
plane strategy induced many feed rate reductions, especially when boundaries of
the feature have a lot of curvatures and are not parallel. Several machining
experiments on hardened material lead to the conclusion that a tool path
implying stable cutting conditions might guarantee a better part surface
integrity. To ensure this stability, the shape machined must be decomposed when
conventional strategies are not suitable. In this paper, an experimental
approach based on high-speed performance simulation is conducted on a master
bottom machining feature in order to highlight the influence of the curvatures
towards a suitable decomposition of machining area. The decomposition is
achieved through the construction of intermediate curves between the closed
boundaries of the feature. These intermediate curves are used as guidance curve
for the tool paths generation with an alternative machining strategy called
"guidance curve strategy". For the construction of intermediate curves, key
parameters reflecting the influence of their proximity with each closed
boundary and the influence of the curvatures of this latter are introduced.
Based on the results, a method for defining guidance curves in four steps is
proposed.


title: Wavelength-Multiplexed Quantum Networks with Ultrafast Frequency Combs

abstract:
  Highly entangled quantum networks cluster states lie at the heart of recent
approaches to quantum computing \cite{Nielsen2006,Lloyd2012}. Yet, the current
approach for constructing optical quantum networks does so one node at a time
\cite{Furusawa2008,Furusawa2009,Peng2012}, which lacks scalability. Here we
demonstrate the \emph{single-step} fabrication of a multimode quantum network
from the parametric downconversion of femtosecond frequency combs. Ultrafast
pulse shaping \cite{weiner2000} is employed to characterize the comb's spectral
entanglement \cite{vanLoock2003}. Each of the 511 possible bipartitions among
ten spectral regions is shown to be entangled; furthermore, an eigenmode
decomposition reveals that eight independent quantum channels
\cite{Braunstein2005} (qumodes) are subsumed within the comb. This multicolor
entanglement imports the classical concept of wavelength-division multiplexing
(WDM) to the quantum domain by playing upon frequency entanglement as a means
to elevate quantum channel capacity. The quantum frequency comb is easily
addressable, robust with respect to decoherence, and scalable, which renders it
a unique tool for quantum information.


title:
Toward a Unified Performance and Power Consumption NAND Flash Memory
  Model of Embedded and Solid State Secondary Storage Systems

abstract:
  This paper presents a set of models dedicated to describe a flash storage
subsystem structure, functions, performance and power consumption behaviors.
These models cover a large range of today's NAND flash memory applications.
They are designed to be implemented in simulation tools allowing to estimate
and compare performance and power consumption of I/O requests on flash memory
based storage systems. Such tools can also help in designing and validating new
flash storage systems and management mechanisms. This work is integrated in a
global project aiming to build a framework simulating complex flash storage
hierarchies for performance and power consumption analysis. This tool will be
highly configurable and modular with various levels of usage complexity
according to the required aim: from a software user point of view for
simulating storage systems, to a developer point of view for designing, testing
and validating new flash storage management systems.


title:
Optimal continuous dependence estimates for fractional degenerate
  parabolic equations

abstract:
  We derive continuous dependence estimates for weak entropy solutions of
degenerate parabolic equations with nonlinear fractional diffusion. The
diffusion term involves the fractional Laplace operator, $\Delta^{\alpha/2}$
for $\alpha \in (0,2)$. Our results are quantitative and we exhibit an example
for which they are optimal. We cover the dependence on the nonlinearities, and
for the first time, the Lipschitz dependence on $\alpha$ in the $BV$-framework.
The former estimate (dependence on nonlinearity) is robust in the sense that it
is stable in the limits $\alpha \downarrow 0$ and $\alpha \uparrow 2$. In the
limit $\alpha \uparrow 2$, $\Delta^{\alpha/2}$ converges to the usual
Laplacian, and we show rigorously that we recover the optimal continuous
dependence result of Cockburn and Gripenberg (J Differ Equ 151(2):231-251,
1999) for local degenerate parabolic equations (thus providing an alternative
proof).


title: Determination of $\alpha_s$ and $m_c$ in deep-inelastic scattering

abstract:
  We describe the determination of the strong coupling constant
$\alpha_s(M_Z^2)$ and of the charm-quark mass $m_c(m_c)$ in the $\bar{\rm
MS}$-scheme, based on the QCD analysis of the unpolarized World deep-inelastic
scattering data. At NNLO the values of $\alpha_s(M_Z^2)=0.1134\pm
0.0011(\text{exp})$ and $m_c(m_c)=1.24 \pm 0.03 (\text{exp})\,^{+0.03}_{-0.02}
(\text{scale})\,^{+0.00}_{-0.07} (\text{th})$ are obtained and are compared
with other determinations, also clarifying discrepancies.


title: A discrete model of the Dirac-K\"{a}hler equation

abstract:
  We construct a new discrete analog of the Dirac-K\"{a}hler equation in which
some key geometric aspects of the continuum counterpart are captured. We
describe a discrete Dirac-K\"{a}hler equation in the intrinsic notation as a
set of difference equations and prove several statements about its
decomposition into difference equations of Duffin type. We study an analog of
gauge transformations for the massless discrete Dirac-K\"{a}hler equations.


title:
Semileptonic decay of $B_c$ meson into $c\bar c$ states in a QCD
  potential model

abstract:
  The slope and curvature of Isgur Wise function for $B_{c}$ meson is computed
in a QCD potential model in two different approaches of choosing the
perturbative term of the Cornell potential. Based on heavy quark effective
theory the exclusive semileptonic decay rates of $B_c$ meson into the $c\bar c\
(\eta_c,J/\psi)$ states are exploited. Spin symmetry breaking effects are
ignored upto a particular point and the form factors are connected with
Isgur-Wise function for other kinematic point since the recoil momentum of
$c\bar c$ from $B_{c}$ is small due to its heavy mass.


title: A geometric characterisation of the quadratic min-power centre

abstract:
  For a given set of nodes in the plane the min-power centre is a point such
that the cost of the star centred at this point and spanning all nodes is
minimised. The cost of the star is defined as the sum of the costs of its
nodes, where the cost of a node is an increasing function of the length of its
longest incident edge. The min-power centre problem provides a model for
optimally locating a cluster-head amongst a set of radio transmitters, however,
the problem can also be formulated within a bicriteria location model involving
the 1-centre and a generalized Fermat-Weber point, making it suitable for a
variety of facility location problems. We use farthest point Voronoi diagrams
and Delaunay triangulations to provide a complete geometric description of the
min-power centre of a finite set of nodes in the Euclidean plane when cost is a
quadratic function. This leads to a new linear-time algorithm for its
construction when the convex hull of the nodes is given. We also provide an
upper bound for the performance of the centroid as an approximation to the
quadratic min-power centre. Finally, we briefly describe the relationship
between solutions under quadratic cost and solutions under more general cost
functions.


title: Fast inverse transform sampling in one and two dimensions

abstract:
  We develop a computationally efficient and robust algorithm for generating
pseudo-random samples from a broad class of smooth probability distributions in
one and two dimensions. The algorithm is based on inverse transform sampling
with a polynomial approximation scheme using Chebyshev polynomials, Chebyshev
grids, and low rank function approximation. Numerical experiments demonstrate
that our algorithm outperforms existing approaches.


title: Large Unicellular maps in high genus

abstract:
  We study the geometry of a random unicellular map which is uniformly
distributed on the set of all unicellular maps whose genus size is proportional
to the number of edges of the map. We prove that the distance between two
uniformly selected vertices of such a map is of order $\log n$ and the diameter
is also of order $\log n$ with high probability. We further prove that the map
is locally planar with high probability. The main ingredient of the proofs is
an exploration procedure which uses a bijection due to Chapuy, Feray and Fusy.


title: Emission of time-bin entangled particles into helical edge states

abstract:
  We propose a single-particle source which emits into the helical edge states
of a two-dimensional quantum spin Hall insulator. Without breaking
time-reversal symmetry, this source acts like a pair of noiseless
single-electron emitters which each inject separately into a chiral edge state.
By locally breaking time-reversal symmetry, the source becomes a proper
single-particle emitter which exhibits shot noise. Due to its intrinsic
helicity, this system can be used to produce time-bin entangled pairs of
electrons in a controlled manner. The shot noise created by the source is
related to the concurrence of the emitted state.


title:
VLBI Observation of Microquasar Cyg X-3 during an X-ray State Transition
  from Soft to Hard in the 2007 May-June Flare

abstract:
  We present a radio observation of microquasar Cyg X-3 during an X-ray state
transition from ultrasoft to hard state in the 2007 May$-$June flare using the
VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA) at 22 GHz. During the transition, a
short-lived mini-flare of ${\lesssim}3$ hr was detected prior to the major
flare. In such a transition, a jet ejection is believed to occur, but there
have been no direct observations to support it. An analysis of Gaussian fits to
the observed visibility amplitudes shows a time variation of the source axis,
or a structural change, during the mini-flare. Our model fits, together with
other multiwavelength observations in the radio, soft, and hard X-rays, and the
shock-in-jet models for other flaring activities at GHz wavebands, suggest a
high possibility of synchrotron flares during the mini-flare, indicative of a
predominant contribution from jet activity. Therefore, the mini-flare with an
associated structural change is indicative of a jet ejection event in the state
transition from ultrasoft to hard state.


title: Role of the sample thickness in planar crack propagation

abstract:
  We study the effect of the sample thickness in planar crack front propagation
in a disordered elastic medium using the random fuse model. We employ different
loading conditions and we test their stability with respect to crack growth. We
show that the thickness induces characteristic lengths in the stress
enhancement factor in front of the crack and in the stress transfer function
parallel to the crack. This is reflected by a thickness-dependent crossover
scale in the crack front morphology that goes from from multi-scaling to
self-affine with exponents in agreement with line depinning models and
experiments. Finally, we compute the distribution of crack avalanches which is
shown to depend on the thickness and the loading mode.


title: On the Nature of Superhumps

abstract:
  Further evidence is presented supporting the alternative interpretation of
superhumps as being due to irradiation modulated periodically variable mass
transfer rate. NZ Boo, HT Cas and PU UMa are added to the sample of high
inclination dwarf novae showing -- during their superoutbursts -- modulation of
the observed brightness of the disk with beat period. Simple model calculations
confirm earlier hypothesis that this modulation is due to a non-axisymmetric
structure of the outer parts of the disk, involving the azimuthal dependence of
their geometrical thickness, rotating with the beat period.
  The modulation amplitude $A_{mod}$ is found to decrease during
superoutbursts. In particular, it is found that during two superoutbursts of OY
Car the rate of decline of the superhump amplitude $dA_{SH}/dt$ was correlated
with the rate of decline $dA_{mod}/dt$. This leads to a simple explanation for
the decreasing amplitudes of superhumps: it is a consequence of the decreasing
modulation amplitude.


title: Structure of the fundamental solution of a nonconvex conservation law

abstract:
  The structure of a signed fundamental solution of a conservation law is
studied without the convexity assumption. The types of shocks and rarefaction
waves are classified together with their interactions. A comprehensive picture
of a global dynamics of a nonconvex flux is discussed in terms of
characteristic maps and dynamical convex-concave envelopes.


title:
A non-pulsating neutron star in the supernova remnant HESS J1731-347 /
  G353.6-0.7 with a carbon atmosphere

abstract:
  Context: The CCO candidate in the center of the supernova remnant shell HESS
J1731-347 / G353.6-0.7 shows no pulsations and exhibits a blackbody-like X-ray
spectrum. If the absence of pulsations is interpreted as evidence for the
emitting surface area being the entire neutron star surface, the assumption of
the measured flux being due to a blackbody emission translates into a source
distance that is inconsistent with current estimates of the remnant's distance.
Aims: With the best available observational data, we extended the pulse period
search down to a sub-millisecond time scale and used a carbon atmosphere model
to describe the X-ray spectrum of the CCO and to estimate geometrical
parameters of the neutron star. Methods: To search for pulsations we used data
of an observation of the source with XMM-Newton performed in timing mode. For
the spectral analysis, we used earlier XMM-Newton observations performed in
imaging mode, which permits a more accurate treatment of the background. The
carbon atmosphere models used to fit the CCO spectrum are computed assuming
hydrostatic and radiative equilibria and take into account pressure ionization
and the presence of spectral lines. Results: Our timing analysis did not reveal
any pulsations with a pulsed fraction above ~8% down to 0.2 ms. This finding
further supports the hypothesis that the emitting surface area is the entire
neutron star surface. The carbon atmosphere model provides a good fit to the
CCO spectrum and leads to a normalization consistent with the available
distance estimates of the remnant. The derived constraints on the mass and
radius of the source are consistent with reasonable values of the neutron star
mass and radius. After the CCO in Cas A, the CCO in HESS J1731-347 / G353.6-0.7
is the second object of this class for which a carbon atmosphere model provides
a consistent description of X-ray emission.


title: Implicit vs Explicit Renormalization and Effective Interactions

abstract:
  Effective interactions can be obtained from a renormalization group analysis
in two complementary ways. One can either explicitly integrate out higher
energy modes or impose given conditions at low energies for a cut-off theory.
While the first method is numerically involved, the second one can be solved
almost analytically. In both cases we compare the out coming effective
interactions for the two nucleon system as functions of the cut-off scale and
find a strikingly wide energy region where both approaches overlap,
corresponding to relevant scales in light nuclei about 200MeV. This amounts to
a great simplification in the determination of the effective interaction
parameters.


title:
Orientation of cosmic web filaments with respect to the underlying
  velocity field

abstract:
  The large-scale structure of the Universe is characterised by a web-like
structure made of voids, sheets, filaments, and knots. The structure of this
so-called cosmic web is dictated by the local velocity shear tensor. In
particular, the local direction of a filament should be strongly aligned with
e3, the eigenvector associated with the smallest eigenvalue of the tensor. That
conjecture is tested here on the basis of a cosmological simulation. The cosmic
web delineated by the halo distribution is probed by a marked point process
with interactions (the Bisous model), detecting filaments directly from the
halo distribution (P-web). The detected P-web filaments are found to be
strongly aligned with the local e3: the alignment is within 30 degree for 80%
of the elements. This indicates that large-scale filaments defined purely from
the distribution of haloes carry more than just morphological information,
although the Bisous model does not make any prior assumption on the underlying
shear tensor. The P-web filaments are also compared to the structure revealed
from the velocity shear tensor itself (V-web). In the densest regions, the P-
and V-web filaments overlap well (90%), whereas in lower density regions, the
P-web filaments preferentially mark sheets in the V-web.


title:
Spectral analysis of a quantum system with a double line singular
  interaction

abstract:
  We consider a non-relativistic quantum particle interacting with a singular
potential supported by two parallel straight lines in the plane. We locate the
essential spectrum under the hypothesis that the interaction asymptotically
approaches a constant value and find conditions which guarantee either the
existence of discrete eigenvalues or Hardy-type inequalities. For a class of
our models admitting a mirror symmetry, we also establish the existence of
embedded eigenvalues and show that they turn into resonances after introducing
a small perturbation.


title:
RKKY interaction between adsorbed magnetic impurities in graphene:
  symmetry and strain effects

abstract:
  The growing interest in carbon-based spintronics has stimulated a number of
recent theoretical studies on the RKKY interaction in graphene, with the aim of
determining the most energetically favourable alignments between embedded
magnetic moments. The RKKY interaction in undoped graphene decays faster than
expected for conventional two-dimensional materials and recent studies suggest
that the adsorption configurations favoured by many transition-metal impurities
may lead to even shorter ranged decays and possible sign-changing oscillations.
Here we show that these features emerge in a mathematically transparent manner
when the symmetry of the configurations is included in the calculation.
Furthermore, we show that by breaking the symmetry of the graphene lattice, via
uniaxial strain, the decay rate, and hence the range, of the RKKY interaction
can be significantly altered. Our results suggest that magnetic interactions
between adsorbed impurities in graphene can be manipulated by careful strain
engineering of such systems.


title:
From Classical Mechanics with Doubled Degrees of Freedom to Quantum
  Field Theory for Nonconservative System

abstract:
  The $2 \times 2$-matrix structure of Green's functions is a common feature
for the real-time formalisms of quantum field theory under thermal situations,
such as the closed time path formalism and Thermo Field Dynamics (TFD). It has
been believed to originate from quantum nature. Recently, Galley has proposed
the Hamilton's principle with initial data for nonconservative classical
systems, doubling each degree of freedom [Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 174301 (2013)].
We show that the Galley's Hamilton formalism can be extended to quantum field
and that the resulting theory is naturally identical with nonequilibrium TFD.


title: Dynamics of line plumes on horizontal surfaces in turbulent convection

abstract:
  We study the dynamics of line plumes on the bottom plate in turbulent
convection over six decades of Rayleigh number $(10^5<Ra_w<10^{11})$ and two
decades of Prandtl number $(0.7<Pr<600)$. We qualitatively identify the main
dynamics as motion along the plumes, lateral merging of the plumes and
initiation of the plumes; various other minor types of motion also occur along
with these main dynamics. The mean velocity along the length of the plumes
scales as the large scale flow velocity, with the fraction of the length of the
plumes affected by shear increasing with $Ra_w$ as $L_{ps}/L_p\sim Ra_w^{0.04}
Pr^{-0.1}$. In agreement with \cite{how}, the mean time of initiation of the
plumes $\bar{t^*}$, scales as the diffusive time scale near the plate,
$Z_w^2/\alpha$, where $Z_w$ is the appropriate length scale near the plate. The
fraction of the length of the plumes that undergoes merging decreases with
increase in $Ra_w$ as, $L_{pm}/L_p \sim Ra_w^{-0.04} Pr^{0.1}$. The plumes
merge with a constant velocity during their merging cycle, however, the values
of these constant velocities depend on the location and the time of
measurement. The merging velocities at all $Ra_w$ and $Pr$ have a common
lognormal distribution, but their mean and variance increased with increasing
$Ra_w$ and decreasing $Pr$. $\bar{V_m}$, which are an order lower than the
large scale velocities, scale as the average entrainment velocity at the sides
of the plumes. This implies that $\bar{V_m}$ scales as the velocity scale near
the plate $\nu/Z_w$. $Re_H$, the Reynolds number interms of $\bar{V_m}$ and the
layer height $H$ scales as $Ra^{1/3}$, in the same way as the Nusselt number
$Nu$; therefore $Re_{H}\sim Nu$. These relations imply that
$Re_w=\bar{V_m}Z_w/\nu$ the Reynolds number near the plate is an invariant for
a given fluid in turbulent convection.


title: Possible existence of wormholes in the galactic halo region

abstract:
  Two observational results, the density profile from simulations performed in
the $\Lambda$CDM scenario and the observed flat galactic rotation curves, are
taken as input with the aim of showing that the galactic halo possesses some of
the characteristics needed to support traversable wormholes. This result should
be sufficient to provide an incentive for scientists to seek observational
evidence for wormholes in the galactic halo region.