title: Implementation of a language driven Backpropagation algorithm

abstract:
  Inspired by the importance of both communication and feedback on errors in
human learning, our main goal was to implement a similar mechanism in
supervised learning of artificial neural networks. The starting point in our
study was the observation that words should accompany the input vectors
included in the training set, thus extending the ANN input space. This had as
consequence the necessity to take into consideration a modified sigmoid
activation function for neurons in the first hidden layer (in agreement with a
specific MLP apartment structure), and also a modified version of the
Backpropagation algorithm, which allows using of unspecified (null) desired
output components. Following the belief that basic concepts should be tested on
simple examples, the previous mentioned mechanism was applied on both the XOR
problem and a didactic color case study. In this context, we noticed the
interesting fact that the ANN was capable to categorize all desired input
vectors in the absence of their corresponding words, even though the training
set included only word accompanied inputs, in both positive and negative
examples. Further analysis along applying this approach to more complex
scenarios is currently in progress, as we consider the proposed language-driven
algorithm might contribute to a better understanding of learning in humans,
opening as well the possibility to create a specific category of artificial
neural networks, with abstraction capabilities.


title: Checkerboard Problem to Topology Optimization of Continuum Structures

abstract:
  The area of topology optimization of continuum structures of which is allowed
to change in order to improve the performance is now dominated by methods that
employ the material distribution concept. The typical methods of the topology
optimization based on the structural optimization of two phase composites are
the so-called variable density ones, like the SIMP (Solid Isotropic Material
with Penalization) and the BESO (Bi-directional Evolutional Structure
Optimization). The topology optimization problem refers to the saddle-point
variation one as well as the so-called Stokes flow problem of the compressive
fluid. The checkerboard patterns often appear in the results computed by the
SIMP and the BESO in which the Q1-P0 element is used for FEM (Finite Element
Method), since these patterns are more favourable than uniform density regions.
Computational experiments of SIMP and BESO have shown that filtering of
sensitivity information of the optimization problem is a highly efficient way
that the checkerboard patterns disappeared and to ensure mesh-independency. SIn
this paper, we discuss the theoretical basis for the filtering method of the
SIMP and the BESO and as a result, the filtering method can be understood by
the theorem of partition of unity and the convolution operator of low-pass
filter.


title: Impact of scaling range on the effectiveness of detrending methods

abstract:
  We make the comparative study of scaling range properties for detrended
fluctuation analysis (DFA), detrended moving average analysis (DMA) and
recently proposed new technique called modified detrended moving average
analysis (MDMA). Basic properties of scaling ranges for these techniques are
reviewed. The efficiency and exactness of all three methods towards proper
determination of scaling exponent $H$ is discussed, particularly for short
series of uncorrelated or persistent data. \end{abstract}


title: An Analytic Solution to Wahba's Problem

abstract:
  All spacecraft attitude estimation methods are based on Wahba's optimization
problem. This problem can be reduced to finding the largest eigenvalue and the
corresponding eigenvector for Davenport's $K$-matrix. Several iterative
algorithms, such as QUEST and FOMA, were proposed, aiming at reducing the
computational cost. But their computational time is unpredictable because the
iteration number is not fixed and the solution is not accurate in theory.
Recently, an analytical solution, ESOQ was suggested. The advantages of
analytical solutions are that their computational time is fixed and the
solution should be accurate in theory if there is no numerical error. In this
paper, we propose a different analytical solution to the Wahba's problem. We
use simple and easy to be verified examples to show that this method is
numerically more stable than ESOQ, potentially faster than QUEST and FOMA. We
also use extensive simulation test to support this claim.


title:
Modeling nonuniversal citation distributions: the role of scientific
  journals

abstract:
  Whether a scientific paper is cited is related not only to the influence of
its author(s) but also to the journal publishing it. Scientists, either
proficient or tender, usually submit their most important work to prestigious
journals which receives higher citations than the ordinary. How to model the
role of scientific journals in citation dynamics is of great importance. In
this paper we address this issue through two folds. One is the intrinsic
heterogeneity of a paper determined by the impact factor of the journal
publishing it. The other is the mechanism of a paper being cited which depends
on its citations and prestige. We develop a model for citation networks via an
intrinsic nodal weight function and an intuitive ageing mechanism. The node's
weight is drawn from the distribution of impact factors of journals and the
ageing transition is a function of the citation and the prestige. The
node-degree distribution of resulting networks shows nonuniversal scaling: the
distribution decays exponentially for small degree and has a power-law tail for
large degree, hence the dual behaviour. The higher the impact factor of the
journal, the larger the tipping point and the smaller the power exponent that
are obtained. With the increase of the journal rank, this phenomenon will fade
and evolve to pure power laws.


title:
Energy Dependence of Moments of Net-proton Multiplicity Distributions at
  RHIC

abstract:
  We report the beam energy (\sqrt s_{NN} = 7.7 - 200 GeV) and collision
centrality dependence of the mean (M), standard deviation (\sigma), skewness
(S), and kurtosis (\kappa) of the net-proton multiplicity distributions in
Au+Au collisions. The measurements are carried out by the STAR experiment at
midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) and within the transverse momentum range 0.4 < pT < 0.8
GeV/c in the first phase of the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic
Heavy Ion Collider. These measurements are important for understanding the
Quantum Chromodynamic (QCD) phase diagram. The products of the moments, S\sigma
and \kappa\sigma^{2}, are sensitive to the correlation length of the hot and
dense medium created in the collisions and are related to the ratios of baryon
number susceptibilities of corresponding orders. The products of moments are
found to have values significantly below the Skellam expectation and close to
expectations based on independent proton and anti-proton production. The
measurements are compared to a transport model calculation to understand the
effect of acceptance and baryon number conservation, and also to a hadron
resonance gas model.


title: Variation of the canonical height in a family of rational maps

abstract:
  Let $d\ge 2$ be an integer, let $c(t)$ be any rational map, and let $f_t(z)
:= (z^d+t)/z$ be a family of rational maps indexed by t. For each algebraic
number $t$, we let $h_{f_t}(c(t))$ be the canonical height of $c(t)$ with
respect to the rational map $f_t$. We prove that the map $H(t):=h_{f_t}(c(t))$
(as $t$ varies among the algebraic numbers) is a Weil height.


title: Fate of Topology in Spin-1 Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensate

abstract:
  One of the excitements generated by the cold atom systems is the possibility
to realize, and explore, varied topological phases stemming from
multi-component nature of the condensate. Popular examples are the
antiferromagnetic (AFM) and the ferromagnetic (FM) phases in the
three-component atomic condensate with effective spin-1, to which different
topological manifolds can be assigned. It follows, from consideration of
homotopy, that different sorts of topological defects will be stable in each
manifold. For instance, Skyrmionic texture is believed to be a stable
topological object in two-dimensional AFM spin-1 condensate. Countering such
common perceptions, here we show on the basis of a new wave function
decomposition scheme that there is no physical parameter regime wherein the
temporal dynamics of spin-1 condensate can be described solely within AFM or FM
manifold. Initial state of definite topological number prepared entirely within
one particular phase must immediately evolve into a mixed state. Accordingly,
the very notion of topology and topological stability within the sub-manifold
of AFM or FM become invalid. Numerical simulation reveals the linear Zeeman
effect to be an efficient catalyst to extract the alternate component from an
initial topological object prepared entirely within one particular
sub-manifold, serving as a potential new tool for "topology engineering" in
multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates.


title: Singularities of Connection Ricci Flow and Ricci Harmonic Flow

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the singularities of two extended Ricci flow systems
--- connection Ricci flow and Ricci harmonic flow using newly-defined curvature
quantities. Specifically, we give the definition of three types of
singularities and their corresponding singularity models, and then prove the
convergence. In addition, for Ricci harmonic flow, we use the monotonicity of
functional $\nu_\alpha$ to show the connection between finite-time singularity
and shrinking Ricci harmonic soliton. At last, we explore the property of
ancient solutions for Ricci harmonic flow.


title: Hydraulic External Pre-Isolator System for LIGO

abstract:
  The Hydraulic External Pre-Isolator (HEPI) is the first 6 degrees of freedom
active seismic isolation system implemented at the Laser Interferometer
Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO). Implementation was first completed at
the LIGO Livingston Observatory (LLO) prior to LIGO's 5th science run,
successfully cutting down the disturbance seen by LLO's suspended optics in the
two most prominent seismic disturbance bands, the microseism (0.1-0.3Hz) and
the anthropogenic (1-3Hz) bands, by a factor of a few to tens. The improvement
in seismic isolation contributed directly to LLO's much improved duty cycle of
66.7% and LIGO's triple coincident duty cycle of 53%. We report the design,
control scheme, and isolation performance of HEPI at LLO in this paper. Aided
with this success, funding for incorporating HEPI into the LIGO Hanford
Observatory was approved and installation is currently underway.


title:
On the tradeoff of average delay and average power for fading
  point-to-point links with monotone policies

abstract:
  We consider a fading point-to-point link with packets arriving randomly at
rate $\lambda$ per slot to the transmitter queue. We assume that the
transmitter can control the number of packets served in a slot by varying the
transmit power for the slot. We restrict to transmitter scheduling policies
that are monotone and stationary, i.e., the number of packets served is a
non-decreasing function of the queue length at the beginning of the slot for
every slot fade state. For such policies, we obtain asymptotic lower bounds for
the minimum average delay of the packets, when average transmitter power is a
small positive quantity $V$ more than the minimum average power required for
transmitter queue stability. We show that the minimum average delay grows
either to a finite value or as $\Omega\brap{\log(1/V)}$ or $\Omega\brap{1/V}$
when $V \downarrow 0$, for certain sets of values of $\lambda$. These sets are
determined by the distribution of fading gain, the maximum number of packets
which can be transmitted in a slot, and the transmit power function of the
fading gain and the number of packets transmitted that is assumed. We identify
a case where the above behaviour of the tradeoff differs from that obtained
from a previously considered approximate model, in which the random queue
length process is assumed to evolve on the non-negative real line, and the
transmit power function is strictly convex. We also consider a fading
point-to-point link, where the transmitter, in addition to controlling the
number of packets served, can also control the number of packets admitted in
every slot. Our approach, which uses bounds on the stationary probability
distribution of the queue length, also leads to an intuitive explanation of the
asymptotic behaviour of average delay in the regime where $V \downarrow 0$.


title:
Combining All Pairs Shortest Paths and All Pairs Bottleneck Paths
  Problems

abstract:
  We introduce a new problem that combines the well known All Pairs Shortest
Paths (APSP) problem and the All Pairs Bottleneck Paths (APBP) problem to
compute the shortest paths for all pairs of vertices for all possible flow
amounts. We call this new problem the All Pairs Shortest Paths for All Flows
(APSP-AF) problem. We firstly solve the APSP-AF problem on directed graphs with
unit edge costs and real edge capacities in
$\tilde{O}(\sqrt{t}n^{(\omega+9)/4}) = \tilde{O}(\sqrt{t}n^{2.843})$ time,
where $n$ is the number of vertices, $t$ is the number of distinct edge
capacities (flow amounts) and $O(n^{\omega}) < O(n^{2.373})$ is the time taken
to multiply two $n$-by-$n$ matrices over a ring. Secondly we extend the problem
to graphs with positive integer edge costs and present an algorithm with
$\tilde{O}(\sqrt{t}c^{(\omega+5)/4}n^{(\omega+9)/4}) =
\tilde{O}(\sqrt{t}c^{1.843}n^{2.843})$ worst case time complexity, where $c$ is
the upper bound on edge costs.


title:
Revised Modularity Index to Measure Modularity of OSS Projects with Case
  Study of Freemind

abstract:
  Open Source Software (OSS) Projects are gaining popularity worldwide. Studies
by many researchers show that the important key success factor is modularity of
the source code. This paper presents the revised Modularity Index which is a
software metrics to measure the modularity level of a javabased OSS Projects.
To show its effectiveness in analyzing OSS Project, the Modularity Index and
its supporting software metrics are then used to analyze the evolution of
Freemind mind mapping OSS Project. The analysis using Modularity Index and its
supporting metrics shows the strength and weaknesses of the Freemind OSS
Projects.


title: Modularity Index Metrics for Java-Based Open Source Software Projects

abstract:
  Open Source Software (OSS) Projects are gaining popularity these days, and
they become alternatives in building software system. Despite many failures in
these projects, there are some success stories with one of the identified
success factors is modularity. This paper presents the first quantitative
software metrics to measure modularity level of Java-based OSS Projects called
Modularity Index. This software metrics is formulated by analyzing modularity
traits such as size, complexity, cohesion, and coupling of 59 Java-based OSS
Projects from sourceforge.net using SONAR tool. These OSS Projects are selected
since they have been downloaded more than 100K times and believed to have the
required modularity trait to be successful. The software metrics related to
modularity in class, package and system level of these projects are extracted
and analyzed. The similarities found are then analyzed to determine the class
quality, package quality, and then combined with system architecture measure to
formulate the Modularity Index. The case study of measuring Modularity Index
during the evolution of JFreeChart project has shown that this software metrics
is able to identify strengths and potential problems of the project.


title: Remarkably high value of Capacitance in BiFeO3 Nanorod

abstract:
  A remarkably high value of specific capacitance of 450 F/g has been observed
through electrochemical measurements in the electrode made of multiferroic
Bismuth Ferrite (BFO) in the form of nanorods protruding out. These BFO
nanorods were developed on porous Anodised Alumina (AAO) templates using wet
chemical technique. Diameters of nanorods were in the range of 20-100 nm. The
high capacitance is attributed to the nanostructure. The active surface charge
has been evaluated electrochemically by cyclic voltammetry (CV) at different
scanning rates and charge-discharge studies. The specific capacitances were
constant after several cycles of charge-discharge leading to their useful
application in devices. The mechanism of accumulation of charge on the
electrode surface has been studied.


title: Positron acceleration in a hollow plasma channel up to TeV regime

abstract:
  We propose a plasma-based high-energy lepton accelerator, in which a weakly
focusing plasma structure is formed near the beam axis. The structure preserves
the emittance of the accelerated beam and produces low radiation losses.
Moreover, the structure allows for a considerable decrease of the witness
energy spread at the driver depletion stage.


title: Axion as a Cold Dark Matter Candidate: Proof to Second order

abstract:
  We prove that the axion as a coherently oscillating scalar field acts as a
cold dark matter (CDM) to the second-order perturbations in all cosmological
scales including the super-horizon scale. The proof is made in the
axion-comoving gauge. For a canonical mass, the axion pressure term causes
deviation from the CDM only on scales smaller than the Solar System size.
Beyond such a small scale the equations of the axion fluid are the same as the
ones of the CDM based on the CDM-comoving gauge which are exactly identical to
the Newtonian equations to the second order. We also show that the axion fluid
does not generate the rotational (vector-type) perturbation even to the second
order. Thus, in the case of axion fluid, we have the relativistic/Newtonian
correspondence to the second order, even considering the rotational
perturbation. Our analysis is made in the presence of the cosmological
constant, and can be easily extended to the realistic situation including other
components of fluids and fields.


title:
Monotonicity and log-behavior of some functions related to the Euler
  Gamma function

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to develop analytic techniques to deal with certain
monotonicity of combinatorial sequences. (1) A criterion for the monotonicity
of the function $\sqrt[x]{f(x)}$ is given, which is a continuous analog for one
result of Wang and Zhu. (2) The log-behavior of the functions
$\theta(x)=\sqrt[x]{2 \zeta(x)\Gamma(x+1)}$ and
$F(x)=\sqrt[x]{\frac{\Gamma(ax+b+1)}{\Gamma(c x+d+1)\Gamma(e x+f+1)}}$ is
considered, where $\zeta(x)$ and $\Gamma(x)$ are the Riemann zeta function and
the Euler Gamma function, respectively. As consequences, the strict
log-concavities of the function $\theta(x)$ (a conjecture of Chen {\it et al.})
and $\{\sqrt[n]{z_n}\}$ for some combinatorial sequences (including the
Bernoulli numbers, the Tangent numbers, the Catalan numbers, the Fuss-Catalan
numbers and some Binomial coefficients) are demonstrated. In particular, this
contains some results of Chen {\it et al.}, Luca and St\u{a}nic\u{a}. (3). By
researching logarithmically complete monotonicity of some functions, the
infinite log-monotonicity of the sequence
$\{\frac{(n_{0}+ia)!}{(k_0+ib)!(\overline{k_0}+i\overline{b})!}\}_{i\geq0}$ is
proved. This generalizes two results of Chen {\it et al.} that both the Catalan
numbers $\frac{1}{n+1}\binom{2n}{n}$ and central binomial coefficients
$\binom{2n}{n}$ are infinitely log-monotonic and strengths one result of Su and
Wang that $\binom{dn}{\delta n}$ is log-convex in $n$. (4) The asymptotically
infinite log-monotonicity of derangement numbers is showed. (5)The
logarithmically complete monotonicity of functions $1/\sqrt[x]{a
\zeta(x+b)\Gamma(x+c)}$ and
$\sqrt[x]{\rho\prod_{i=1}^n\frac{\Gamma(x+a_i)}{\Gamma(x+b_i)}}$ is also
obtained, which generalizes the results of Lee and Tepedelenlio\v{g}lu, Qi and
Li.


title: Asymptotic cones and quantum gravity

abstract:
  Asymptotic cones are structures that encode how a metric space appears when
seen from far away. We discuss their meaning and potential significance for
quantum gravity.


title:
Intermediate homogenization of the Universe and the problem of
  gravitational entropy

abstract:
  This paper studies intermediate homogenization of inhomogeneous cosmological
models. It shows that spherically symmetric models, regardless of the equation
of state, can undergo intermediate homogenization, i.e. a model can approach a
homogeneous and isotropic state (which acts as a saddle point) from a
relatively wide range of initial inhomogeneous conditions. The homogenization
is not permanent - just temporary. Eventually the model evolves toward a future
inhomogeneous state. We also looked at the problem of the gravitational
entropy. All definitions of entropy that we checked give decreasing
gravitational entropy during the homogenization process. Thus, we should either
accept that gravitational entropy can decrease or try to define it in other
ways than just via density gradients, as these decrease during homogenization.


title:
Surface Engineering of Synthetic Nanopores by Atomic Layer Deposition
  and Their Applications

abstract:
  In the past decade, nanopores have been developed extensively for various
potential applications, and their performance greatly depends on the surface
properties of the nanopores. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a new technology
for depositing thin films, which has been rapidly developed from a niche
technology to an established method. ALD films can cover the surface in
confined regions even in nano scale conformally, thus it is proved to be a
powerful tool to modify the surface of the synthetic nanopores and also to
fabricate complex nanopores. This review gives a brief introduction on nanopore
synthesis and ALD fundamental knowledge, then focuses on the various aspects of
synthetic nanopores processing by ALD and their applications, including
single-molecule sensing, nanofluidic devices, nanostructure fabrication and
other applications.


title:
Competitive Design and Analysis for Machine-Minimizing Job Scheduling
  Problem

abstract:
  We explore the machine-minimizing job scheduling problem, which has a rich
history in the line of research, under an online setting. We consider systems
with arbitrary job arrival times, arbitrary job deadlines, and unit job
execution time. For this problem, we present a lower bound 2.09 on the
competitive factor of \emph{any} online algorithms, followed by designing a
5.2-competitive online algorithm. We also point out a false claim made in an
existing paper of Shi and Ye regarding a further restricted case of the
considered problem. To the best of our knowledge, what we present is the first
concrete result concerning online machine-minimizing job scheduling with
arbitrary job arrival times and deadlines.


title: Computer simulations of the extinction of megafauna

abstract:
  Computer simulations carried out by Alroy (2001) are examined. Contrary to
the claim of their Author, there is no convincing evidence that the extinction
of megafauna was caused by humans. Intentionally or unintentionally, attempt
was made to force the human-induced extinction of megafauna by assuming an
absurdly fast growth of the hypothetical human population in North America. The
assumed growth rate was around two-orders of magnitude larger than normally
expected. It is well known that the past growth of human population was slow,
but in these simulations, the growth of the hypothetical human population was
unreasonably fast. However, even under this unreasonable assumption about the
growth of human population, computer simulations do not support the postulate
of human-assisted extinction of megafauna because there is no clear correlation
between the growth of the hypothetical human population and the distributions
describing the decline in the population of megafauna.


title:
Distribution of Entropy of Bardeen Regular Black Hole with Corrected
  State Density

abstract:
  We consider corrections to all orders in the Planck length on the quantum
state density, and calculate the statistical entropy of the scalar field on the
background of the Bardeen regular black hole numerically. We obtain the
distribution of entropy which is inside the horizon of black hole and the
contribution of the vicinity of horizon takes a great part of the whole
entropy.


title: Antiferro Quadrupole Orders in Non-Kramers Doublet Systems

abstract:
  We investigate antiferro quadrupole orders in systems with non-Kramers
doublet ground state with total angular momentum J=4 in T_d point group
symmetry. We demonstrate that a pure O_2^2 antiferro quadrupole order is
impossible in general crystalline-electric field potential and should be
accompanied by ferro O_2^0 quadrupole moment. The temperature and
magnetic-field phase diagram is obtained by mean-field approximation of
intersite quadrupole interactions and the excitation spectrum is analyzed by
"spin"-wave approximations. Gapless excitations emerge at the boader of
antiferro O_2^2 quadrupole phases under magnetic field. Quadrupole
susceptibilities in the antiferro quadrupole ordered state exhibit unusual
singularity and especially the uniform quadrupole susceptibility diverges in
addition to the staggered ones. These unusual singularities are also realized
at the critical field along [111] direction. We also discuss recent
experimental results in PrT_2X_{20}(T=Ir, Rh, Ti, V, and X=Zn, Al).


title:
Ellipsoidal Rounding for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Under Noisy
  Separability

abstract:
  We present a numerical algorithm for nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF)
problems under noisy separability. An NMF problem under separability can be
stated as one of finding all vertices of the convex hull of data points. The
research interest of this paper is to find the vectors as close to the vertices
as possible in a situation in which noise is added to the data points. Our
algorithm is designed to capture the shape of the convex hull of data points by
using its enclosing ellipsoid. We show that the algorithm has correctness and
robustness properties from theoretical and practical perspectives; correctness
here means that if the data points do not contain any noise, the algorithm can
find the vertices of their convex hull; robustness means that if the data
points contain noise, the algorithm can find the near-vertices. Finally, we
apply the algorithm to document clustering, and report the experimental
results.


title:
3-D Visual Coverage Based on Gradient Descent Techniques on Matrix
  Manifold and Its Application to Moving Objects Monitoring

abstract:
  This paper investigates coverage control for visual sensor networks based on
gradient descent techniques on matrix manifolds. We consider the scenario that
networked vision sensors with controllable orientations are distributed over
3-D space to monitor 2-D environment. Then, the decision variable must be
constrained on the Lie group SO(3). The contribution of this paper is two
folds. The first one is technical, namely we formulate the coverage problem as
an optimization problem on SO(3) without introducing local parameterization
like Eular angles and directly apply the gradient descent algorithm on the
manifold. The second technological contribution is to present not only the
coverage control scheme but also the density estimation process including image
processing and curve fitting while exemplifying its effectiveness through
simulation of moving objects monitoring.


title:
The Relationship Between Stock Market Parameters and Interbank Lending
  Market: an Empirical Evidence

abstract:
  The article presents calculations that prove practical importance of the
earlier derived theoretical relationship between the interest rate on the
interbank credit market, volume of investment and the quantity of securities
tradable on the stock exchange.


title: A primitive change of variables formula for schemic motivic integration

abstract:
  We develop further the theory of integrable functions within the theory of
relative simplicial motivic measures. We provide a primitive change of
variables formula for this theory.


title:
Proceedings of 15th conference on Elastic and Diffractive scattering
  (EDS Blois 2013)

abstract:
  This volume represents the proceedings of the 15th conference on Elastic and
Diffractive scattering, EDS Blois 2013. The conference was held in Saariselka,
Finland on September 9th-13th, 2013.


title:
Referenced Publication Years Spectroscopy applied to iMetrics:
  Scientometrics, Journal of Informetrics, and a relevant subset of JASIST

abstract:
  We have developed a (freeware) routine for "referenced publication years
spectroscopy" (RPYS) and apply this method to the historiography of "iMetrics,"
that is, the junction of the journals Scientometrics, Informetrics, and the
relevant subset of JASIST (approx. 20%) that shapes the intellectual space for
the development of information metrics (bibliometrics, scientometrics,
informetrics, and webometrics). The application to information metrics (our own
field of research) provides us with the opportunity to validate this
methodology, and to add a reflection about using citations for the historical
reconstruction. The results show that the field is rooted in individual
contributions of the 1920s-1950s (e.g., Alfred J. Lotka), and was then shaped
intellectually in the early 1960s by a confluence of the history of science
(Derek de Solla Price), documentation (e.g., Michael M. Kessler's
"bibliographic coupling"), and "citation indexing" (Eugene Garfield).
Institutional development at the interfaces between science studies and
information science has been reinforced by the new journal Informetrics since
2007. In a concluding reflection, we return to the question of how the
historiography of science using algorithmic means--in terms of citation
practices--can be different from an intellectual history of the field based,
for example, on reading source materials.


title: Dark Energy and Dark Matter in a Superfluid Universe

abstract:
  The vacuum is filled with complex scalar fields, such as the Higgs field.
These fields serve as order parameters for superfluidity (quantum phase
coherence over macroscopic distances), making the entire universe a superfluid.
We review a mathematical model consisting of two aspects: (a) emergence of the
superfluid during the big bang; (b) observable manifestations of superfluidity
in the present universe. The creation aspect requires a self-interacting scalar
field that is asymptotically free, i.e., the interaction must grow from zero
during the big bang, and this singles out the Halpern-Huang potential, which
has exponential behavior for large fields. It leads to an equivalent
cosmological constant that decays like a power law, and this gives dark energy
without "fine-tuning". Quantum turbulence (chaotic vorticity) in the early
universe was able to create all the matter in the universe, fulfilling the
inflation scenario. In the present universe, the superfluid can be
phenomenologically described by a nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation. It predicts
halos around galaxies with higher superfluid density, which is perceived as
dark matter through gravitational lensing. In short, dark energy is the energy
density of the cosmic superfluid, and dark matter arises from local
fluctuations of the superfluid density.


title:
Boltzmann conductivity of ferromagnetic graphene with magnetic
  impurities

abstract:
  We investigate the electrical conductivity of spin-polarized graphene in the
presence of short-ranged magnetic scatterers within the relaxation time
approximation and the semi-classical Boltzmann approach. Spin-flip scattering
of the itinerant electrons from the majority spin sub-band into the minority
one results in a minimum in the electrical resistivity at a finite temperature.
While this behavior is reminiscent of the renowned Kondo effect, it has an
entirely different origin and differs from the Kondo effect in several aspects.
In particular, unlike the Kondo effect, this is a single particle phenomena,
and it does not require antiferromagnetic coupling between the magnetic moments
of impurities and spins of the itinerant electrons.


title:
Log-normal distribution from a process that is not multiplicative but is
  additive

abstract:
  The central limit theorem ensures that a sum of random variables tends to a
Gaussian distribution as their total number tends to infinity. However, for a
class of positive random variables, we find that the sum tends faster to a
log-normal distribution. Although the sum tends eventually to a Gaussian
distribution, the distribution of the sum is always close to a log-normal
distribution rather than to any Gaussian distribution if the summands are
numerous enough. This is in contrast to the current consensus that any
log-normal distribution is due to a product of random variables, i.e., a
multiplicative process, or equivalently to nonlinearity of the system. In fact,
the log-normal distribution is also observable for a sum, i.e., an additive
process that is typical of linear systems. We show conditions for such a sum,
an analytical example, and an application to random scalar fields such as of
turbulence.


title:
Role of thermal conduction in an advective accretion with bipolar
  outflows

abstract:
  Steady-state advective accretion flows in the presence of thermal conduction
are studied. All three components of velocity in a spherical coordinates are
considered and the flow displays both inflowing and outflowing regions
according to our similarity solutions. Thermal conductivity provides
latitudinal energy transport and so, the flow rotates more slowly and becomes
hotter with increasing thermal conductivity coefficient. We also show that
opening angle of the outflow region decreases as thermal conduction becomes
stronger.


title: On minimal singular values of random matrices with correlated entries

abstract:
  Let $\mathbf X$ be a random matrix whose pairs of entries $X_{jk}$ and
$X_{kj}$ are correlated and vectors $ (X_{jk},X_{kj})$, for $1\le j<k\le n$,
are mutually independent. Assume that the diagonal entries are independent from
off-diagonal entries as well. We assume that $\mathbb{E} X_{jk}=0$, $\mathbb{E}
X_{jk}^2=1$, for any $j,k=1,\ldots,n$ and $\mathbb{E} X_{jk}X_{kj}=\rho$ for
$1\le j<k\le n$. Let $\mathbf M_n$ be a non-random $n\times n$ matrix with
$\|\mathbf M_n\|\le Kn^Q$, for some positive constants $K>0$ and $Q\ge 0$. Let
$s_n(\mathbf X+\mathbf M_n)$ denote the least singular value of the matrix
$\mathbf X+\mathbf M_n$. It is shown that there exist positive constants $A$
and $B$ depending on $K,Q,\rho$ only such that $$ \mathbb{P}(s_n(\mathbf
X+\mathbf M_n)\le n^{-A})\le n^{-B}. $$ As an application of this result we
prove the elliptic law for this class of matrices with non identically
distributed correlated entries.


title: On a Theorem of Deshouillers and Freiman

abstract:
  The study of `structure' on subsets of abelian groups, with small `doubling
constant', has been well studied in the last fifty years, from the time Freiman
initiated the subject. In \cite{DF} Deshouillers and Freiman establish a
structure theorem for subsets of $\n$ with small doubling constant. In the
current article we provide an alternate proof of one of the main theorem of
\cite{DF}. Also our proof leads to slight improvement of the theorems in
\cite{DF}.


title: An integral with respect to probabilistic-valued decomposable measures

abstract:
  Several concepts of approximate reasoning in uncertainty processing are
linked to the processing of distribution functions. In this paper we make use
of probabilistic framework of approximate reasoning by proposing a
Lebesgue-type approach to integration of non-negative real-valued functions
with respect to probabilistic-valued decomposable (sub)measures. Basic
properties of the corresponding probabilistic integral are investigated in
detail. It is shown that certain properties, among them linearity and
additivity, depend on the properties of the underlying triangle function
providing (sub)additivity condition of the considered (sub)measure. It is
demonstrated that the introduced integral brings a new tool in approximate
reasoning and uncertainty processing with possible applications in several
areas.


title:
Dynamical Green Functions and Discrete Schr\"odinger Operators with
  Potentials Generated by Primitive Invertible Substitution

abstract:
  In this paper, we set up a "dictionary" between discrete Schr\"odinger
operators and the holomorphic dynamics on certain affine cubic surfaces,
building on previous work by Cantat, Damanik and Gorodetski.
  Paragraphs 3.2.2 and 3.2.3 were written by Serge Cantat as an appendix.


title: Flett's mean value theorem: a survey

abstract:
  This paper reviews the current state of the art of the mean value theorem due
to Thomas M. Flett. We present the results with detailed proofs and provide
many new proofs of known results. Moreover, some new observations and yet
unpublished results are included.


title:
Heat-machine control by quantum-state preparation: from quantum engines
  to refrigerators

abstract:
  We explore the dependence of the performance bounds of heat engines and
refrigerators on the initial quantum state and the subsequent evolution of
their piston, modeled by a quantized harmonic oscillator. Our goal is to
provide a fully quantized treatment of self-contained (autonomous) heat
machines, as opposed to their prevailing semiclassical description that
consists of a quantum system alternately coupled to a hot or a cold heat bath,
and parametrically driven by a classical time-dependent piston or field. Here
by contrast, there is no external time-dependent driving. Instead, the
evolution is caused by the stationary simultaneous interaction of two heat
baths (having distinct spectra and temperatures) with a single two-level system
that is in turn coupled to the quantum piston.
  The fully quantized treatment we put forward allows us to investigate work
extraction and refrigeration by the tools of quantum-optical amplifier and
dissipation theory, particularly, by the analysis of amplified or dissipated
phase-plane quasiprobability distributions. Our main insight is that quantum
states may be thermodynamic resources and can provide a powerful handle, or
control, on the efficiency of the heat machine. In particular, a piston
initialized in a coherent state can cause the engine to produce work at an
efficiency above the Carnot bound in the linear amplification regime. In the
refrigeration regime, the coefficient of performance can transgress the Carnot
bound if the piston is initialized in a Fock state. The piston may be realized
by a vibrational mode, as in nanomechanical setups, or an electromagnetic field
mode, as in cavity-based scenarios.


title:
Ligand-induced stabilization of the aptamer terminal helix in the add
  adenine riboswitch

abstract:
  Riboswitches are structured mRNA elements that modulate gene expression. They
undergo conformational changes triggered by highly specific interactions with
sensed metabolites. Among the structural rearrangements engaged by
riboswitches, the forming and melting of the aptamer terminal helix, the
so-called P1 stem, is essential for genetic control. The structural mechanisms
by which this conformational change is modulated upon ligand binding mostly
remain to be elucidated. Here, we used pulling molecular dynamics simulations
to study the thermodynamics of the P1 stem in the add adenine riboswitch. The
P1 ligand-dependent stabilization was quantified in terms of free energy and
compared with thermodynamic data. This comparison suggests a model for the
aptamer folding in which direct P1-ligand interactions play a minor role on the
conformational switch when compared with those related to the ligand-induced
aptamer preorganization.

categories: q-bio.BM physics.bio-ph physics.chem-ph physics.comp-ph


title: Weak Lensing Galaxy Cluster Field Reconstruction

abstract:
  In this paper, we compare three methods to reconstruct galaxy cluster density
fields with weak lensing data. The first method called FLens integrates an
inpainting concept to invert the shear field with possible gaps, and a
multi-scale entropy denoising procedure to remove the noise contained in the
final reconstruction, that arises mostly from the random intrinsic shape of the
galaxies. The second and third methods are based on a model of the density
field made of a multi-scale grid of radial basis functions. In one case, the
model parameters are computed with a linear inversion involving a singular
value decomposition. In the other case, the model parameters are estimated
using a Bayesian MCMC optimization implemented in the lensing software
Lenstool. Methods are compared on simulated data with varying galaxy density
fields. We pay particular attention to the errors estimated with resampling. We
find the multi-scale grid model optimized with MCMC to provide the best
results, but at high computational cost, especially when considering
resampling. The SVD method is much faster but yields noisy maps, although this
can be mitigated with resampling. The FLens method is a good compromise with
fast computation, high signal to noise reconstruction, but lower resolution
maps. All three methods are applied to the MACS J0717+3745 galaxy cluster
field, and reveal the filamentary structure discovered in Jauzac et al. 2012.
We conclude that sensitive priors can help to get high signal to noise, and
unbiased reconstructions.


title: Superconductivity of Composite Particles in Two-Channel Kondo Lattice

abstract:
  Emergence of odd-frequency s-wave superconductivity is demonstrated in the
two-channel Kondo lattice by means of the dynamical mean-field theory combined
with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo method. Around half filling of the
conduction bands, divergence of an odd-frequency pairing susceptibility is
found, which signals instability toward the superconductivity. The
corresponding order parameter is equivalent to a staggered composite-pair
amplitude with even frequencies, which involves both localized spins and
conduction electrons. A model wave function is constructed for the composite
order with use of symmetry operations such as charge conjugation and channel
rotations. Given a certain asymmetry of the conduction bands, another s-wave
superconductivity is found that has a uniform order parameter. The Kondo effect
in the presence of two channels is essential for both types of unconventional
superconductivity.


title: Jacobi trace functions in the theory of vertex operator algebras

abstract:
  We describe a type of n-point function associated to strongly regular vertex
operator algebras V and their irreducible modules. Transformation laws with
respect to the Jacobi group are developed for 1-point functions. For certain
elements in V, the finite-dimensional space spanned by the corresponding
1-point functions for the inequivalent irreducible modules is shown to be a
vector-valued weak Jacobi form. A decomposition of 1-point functions for
general elements is proved, and shows that such functions are typically
quasi-Jacobi forms. Zhu-type recursion formulas are proved; they show how an
n-point function can be written as a linear combination of (n-1)-point
functions with coefficients that are quasi-Jacobi forms.


title:
Radio observations of extreme ULXs: revealing the most powerful ULX
  radio nebula ever or the jet of an intermediate-mass black hole?

abstract:
  The most extreme ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs), with $L_\mathrm{X} > 5
\times 10^{40}$ erg s$^{-1}$, are amongst the best candidates for hosting
intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in the haloes of galaxies. Jet radio
emission is expected from a sub-Eddington accreting IMBH in the low/hard (radio
bright) state. In a search for such IMBH jet radio emission, we have observed
with the Very Large Array (VLA) at 5 GHz a sample of seven extreme ULXs whose
X-ray properties indicate they are in the hard state. Assuming they remain in
this state, the non-detection of radio emission for six of the target sources
allows us to constrain their black hole mass to the IMBH regime, thus ruling
out a supermassive black hole nature. For the extreme ULX in the galaxy
NGC\,2276, we detect extended radio emission formed by two lobes of total flux
density 1.43 $\pm$ 0.22 mJy and size $\sim$650 pc. The X-ray counterpart is
located between the two lobes, suggesting the presence of a black hole with jet
radio emission. The radio luminosity allows us to constrain the black hole mass
of this source to the IMBH regime; hence, the extreme ULX in NGC\,2276 could be
the first detection of extended jet radio emission from an IMBH. The radio
emission could also possibly come from a radio nebula powered by the ULX with a
minimum total energy of $5.9 \times 10^{52}$ erg, thus constituting the most
powerful and largest ULX radio nebula ever observed.


title: Warped products in Riemannian manifolds

abstract:
  In this paper we prove two inequalities relating the warping function to
various curvature terms, for warped products isometrically immersed in
Riemannian manifolds. This extends work of B. Y. Chen for the case of
immersions into space forms. Finally we give an application where the target
manifold is the Clifford torus.


title:
$V_{cb}$ from the semileptonic decay $B\to D \ell \bar{\nu}_{\ell}$ and
  the properties of the $D$ meson distribution amplitude

abstract:
  The improved QCD light-cone sum rule (LCSR) provides an effective way to deal
with the heavy-to-light transition form factors (TFFs). Firstly, we adopt the
improved LCSR approach to deal with the $B\to D$ TFF $f^{+}(q^2)$ up to twist-4
accuracy. Due to the elimination of the most uncertain twist-3 contribution and
the large suppression of the twist-4 contribution, the obtained LCSR shall
provide us a good platform for testing the $D$-meson leading-twist DA. For the
purpose, we suggest a new model for the $D$-meson leading-twist DA
($\phi_{3D}$), whose longitudinal behavior is dominantly determined by a
parameter $B$. Moreover, we find its second Gegenbauer moment $a^D_2\sim B$.
Varying $B$ within certain region, one can conveniently mimic the $D$-meson DA
behavior suggested in the literature. Inversely, by comparing the estimations
with the experimental data on the $D$-meson involved processes, one can get a
possible range for the parameter $B$ and a determined behavior for the
$D$-meson DA. Secondly, we discuss the $B\to D$ TFF at the maximum recoil
region and present a detailed comparison of it with the pQCD estimation and the
experimental measurements. Thirdly, by applying the LCSR on $f^{+}(q^2)$, we
study the CKM matrix element $\Vcb$ together with its uncertainties by adopting
two types of processes, i.e. the $B^0/\bar{B}^0$-type and the $B^{\pm}$-type.
It is noted that a smaller $B \precsim 0.20$ shows a better agreement with the
experimental value on $\Vcb$. For example, for the case of $B=0.00$, we obtain
$|V_{cb}|(B^0/\bar{B}^0-{\rm type})=(41.28 {^{+5.68}_{-4.82}}
{^{+1.13}_{-1.16}}) \times 10^{-3}$ and $|V_{cb}|(B^{\pm}-{\rm type})=(40.44
{^{+5.56}_{-4.72}} {^{+0.98}_{-1.00}}) \times 10^{-3}$, whose first (second)
uncertainty comes from the squared average of the mentioned theoretical
(experimental) uncertainties.


title: Convexity in partial cubes: the hull number

abstract:
  We prove that the combinatorial optimization problem of determining the hull
number of a partial cube is NP-complete. This makes partial cubes the minimal
graph class for which NP-completeness of this problem is known and improves
some earlier results in the literature.
  On the other hand we provide a polynomial-time algorithm to determine the
hull number of planar partial cube quadrangulations.
  Instances of the hull number problem for partial cubes described include
poset dimension and hitting sets for interiors of curves in the plane.
  To obtain the above results, we investigate convexity in partial cubes and
characterize these graphs in terms of their lattice of convex subgraphs,
improving a theorem of Handa. Furthermore we provide a topological
representation theorem for planar partial cubes, generalizing a result of
Fukuda and Handa about rank three oriented matroids.


title:
Comparing the impact of mobile nodes arrival patterns in mobile ad hoc
  networks using poisson and pareto models

abstract:
  Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are dynamic networks populated by mobile
stations, or mobile nodes (MNs). Mobility model is a hot topic in many areas,
for example, protocol evaluation, network performance analysis and so on.How to
simulate MNs mobility is the problem we should consider if we want to build an
accurate mobility model. When new nodes can join and other nodes can leave the
network and therefore the topology is dynamic.Specifically, Mobile Ad hoc
Networks consist of a collection of nodes randomly placed in a line (not
necessarily straight). Mobile Ad hoc Networks do appear in many real-world
network applications such as a vehicular Mobile Ad hoc Networks built along a
highway in a city environment or people in a particular location. Mobile Nodes
in Mobile Ad hoc Networks are usually laptops, Personal Digital Assistants or
mobile phones. This paper presents comparative results that have been carried
out via Matrix lab software simulation. The study investigates the impact of
mobility predictive models on mobile nodes parameters such as, the arrival rate
and the size of mobile nodes in a given area using Pareto and Poisson
distributions. The results have indicated that mobile nodes arrival rates may
have influence on Mobile Nodes population (as a larger number) in a location.
The Pareto distribution is more reflective of the modeling mobility for Mobile
Ad hoc Networks than the Poisson distribution.


title:
Ferroelectric and dielectric characterization studies on relaxor- and
  ferroelectric-like strontium-barium niobates

abstract:
  Ferroelectric domain structure evolution induced by an external electric
field was investigated by means of nematic liquid crystal (NLC) method in two
strontium-barium niobate single crystals of nominal composition:
Sr_{0.70}Ba_{0.30}Nb_{2}O_{6} (SBN:70 - relaxor) and
Sr_{0.26}Ba_{0.74}Nb_{2}O_{6} (SBN:26 - ferroelectric). Our results provide
evidence that the broad phase transition and frequency dispersion that are
exhibited in SBN:70 crystal have a strong link to the configuration of
ferroelectric microdomains. The large leakage current revealed in SBN:26 may
compensate internal charges acting as pinning centers for domain walls, which
gives rise to a less restricted domain growth similar to that observed in
classical ferroelectrics. Microscale studies of a switching process in
conjunction with electrical measurements allowed us to establish a relationship
between local properties of the domain dynamics and macroscopic response i.e.,
polarization hysteresis loop and dielectric properties.


title:
On the (non)existence of best low-rank approximations of generic IxJx2
  arrays

abstract:
  Several conjectures and partial proofs have been formulated on the
(non)existence of a best low-rank approximation of real-valued IxJx2 arrays. We
analyze this problem using the Generalized Schur Decomposition and prove
(non)existence of a best rank-R approximation for generic IxJx2 arrays, for all
values of I,J,R. Moreover, for cases where a best rank-R approximation exists
on a set of positive volume only, we provide easy-to-check necessary and
sufficient conditions for the existence of a best rank-R approximation.


title: A note about complexity of lens spaces

abstract:
  Within crystallization theory, (Matveev's) complexity of a 3-manifold can be
estimated by means of the combinatorial notion of GM-complexity. In this paper,
we prove that the GM-complexity of any lens space L(p,q), with p greater than
2, is bounded by S(p,q)-3, where S(p,q) denotes the sum of all partial
quotients in the expansion of q/p as a regular continued fraction. The above
upper bound had been already established with regard to complexity; its
sharpness was conjectured by Matveev himself and has been recently proved for
some infinite families of lens spaces by Jaco, Rubinstein and Tillmann. As a
consequence, infinite classes of 3-manifolds turn out to exist, where
complexity and GM-complexity coincide.
  Moreover, we present and briefly analyze results arising from crystallization
catalogues up to order 32, which prompt us to conjecture, for any lens space
L(p,q) with p greater than 2, the following relation: k(L(p,q)) = 5 + 2
c(L(p,q)), where c(M) denotes the complexity of a 3-manifold M and k(M)+1 is
half the minimum order of a crystallization of M.


title: Supertropical Quadratic Forms I

abstract:
  We initiate the theory of a quadratic form $q$ over a semiring $R$. As
customary, one can write $$q(x+y) = q(x) + q(y)+ b(x,y),$$ where $b$ is a
companion bilinear form. But in contrast to the ring-theoretic case, the
companion bilinear form need not be uniquely defined. Nevertheless, $q$ can
always be written as a sum of quadratic forms $q = \kappa + \rho,$ where
$\kappa$ is quasilinear in the sense that $\kappa(x+y) = \kappa(x) +
\kappa(y),$ and $\rho$ is rigid in the sense that it has a unique companion. In
case that $R$ is a supersemifield (cf. Definition 4.1 below) and $q$ is defined
on a free $R$-module, we obtain an explicit classification of these
decompositions $q = \kappa + \rho $ and of all companions $b$ of $q$.
  As an application to tropical geometry, given a quadratic form $q: V \to R$
on a free module $V$ over a commutative ring $R$ and a supervaluation
$\varphi:R \to U$ with values in a supertropical semiring [5], we define -
after choosing a base $L=(v_i | i\in I)$ of $V$ - a quadratic form $q^\varphi:
U^{(I)} \to U$ on the free module $U^{(I)}$ over the semiring $U$. The analysis
of quadratic forms over a supertropical semiring enables one to measure the
"position" of $q$ with respect to $L$ via $\varphi$.


title:
Local density of optical states in the band gap of a finite photonic
  crystal

abstract:
  We study the local density of states (LDOS) in a finite photonic crystal, in
particular in the frequency range of the band gap. We propose a new point of
view on the band gap, which we consider to be the result of vacuum fluctuations
in free space that tunnel in the forbidden range in the crystal. As a result,
we arrive at a model for the LDOS that is in two major items modified compared
to the well-known expression for infinite crystals. Firstly, we modify the
Dirac delta functions to become Lorentzians with a width set by the crystal
size. Secondly, building on characterization of the fields versus frequency and
position we calculated the fields in the band gap. We start from the fields at
the band edges, interpolated in space and position, and incorporating the
exponential damping in the band gap. We compare our proposed model to exact
calculations in one dimension using the transfer matrix method and find very
good agreement. Notably, we find that in finite crystals, the LDOS depends on
frequency, on position, and on crystal size, in stark contrast to the
well-known results for infinite crystals.


title:
Strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves in Einstein
  Telescope

abstract:
  Gravitational wave experiments have entered a new stage which gets us closer
to the opening a new observational window on the Universe. In particular, the
Einstein Telescope (ET) is designed to have a fantastic sensitivity that will
provide with tens or hundreds of thousand NS-NS inspiral events per year up to
the redshift z = 2. Some of such events should be gravitationally lensed by
intervening galaxies. We explore the prospects of observing gravitationally
lensed inspiral NS-NS events in the Einstein telescope. Being conservative we
consider the lens population of elliptical galaxies. It turns out that
depending on the local insipral rate ET should detect from one per decade
detection in the pessimistic case to a tens of detections per year for the most
optimistic case. The detection of gravitationally lensed source in
gravitational wave detectors would be an invaluable source of information con-
cerning cosmography, complementary to standard ones (like supernovae or BAO)
independent of the local cosmic distance ladder calibrations.


title:
Measurability of phi, omega and rho mesons via di-electron decays in
  high-temperature states produced in heavy-ion collisions

abstract:
  We discuss measurability of phi, omega and rho mesons via di-electron decays
in high-temperature states produced in heavy-ion collisions, equivalently at
different pion multiplicities per heavy-ion collision dN_{pi^{0} + pi^{+-}}/dy
= 1000 and 2700 intended for the most central Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_{NN})
= 200 GeV (RHIC) and the most central Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt(s_{NN}) = 5.5
TeV (LHC), by evaluating the signal-to-background ratios and the statistical
significance for the idealized detection system in the numerical simulation.
The simulation study provides a guideline to be applicable to a concrete
detector design by focusing on only the key experimental issues relevant to the
measurement of di-electrons. The results suggest that there are realizable
parameter ranges to measure light vector mesons via di-electrons with the
reasonable significance level, even in the highest multiplicity case.


title: Magneto-Optical Cooling of Atoms

abstract:
  We propose an alternative method to laser cooling. Our approach utilizes the
extreme brightness of a supersonic atomic beam, and the adiabatic atomic
coilgun to slow atoms in the beam or to bring them to rest. We show how
internal-state optical pumping and stimulated optical transitions, combined
with magnetic forces can be used to cool the translational motion of atoms.
This approach does not rely on momentum transfer from photons to atoms, as in
laser cooling. We predict that our method can surpass laser cooling in terms of
flux of ultra-cold atoms and phase-space density, with lower required laser
power and reduced complexity.


title:
On a regularized scheme for approximate acoustic cloaking using
  transformation optics

abstract:
  In this paper, we study approximate cloaking for the Helmholtz equation in 3d
where the cloaking device is based on transformations which blow up a cylinder
of fixed height and small cross section of radius $\eps$ into the cloaked
region. Assuming the zero Dirichlet boundary condition is imposed on the
boundary of the cloaked region, we show that the degree of visibility is of
order $\eps$ as $\eps$ goes to 0. This fact is quite surprising since it is
known that the degree of visibility, for the scheme using transformations which
blow up a small region of diameter $\eps$ into the cloaked region, is of order
$\eps$ in 3d and $1/ |\ln \eps|$ in 2d. To understand the relation between
these contexts, we as well revisit the known estimates and show that the degree
of visibility is of order $\eps^{d-1}$ ($d=2,3$) for the scheme using
transformations which blow up a small {\it ball} of diameter $\eps$ into the
cloaked region as long as the zero Dirichlet boundary condition is imposed on
the boundary of the cloaked region. The symmetry of the cross section and of
the ball are crucial so that these results hold.


title:
On Exploring Consumers' Technology Foresight Capabilities - An Analysis
  of 4000 Mobile Service Ideas

abstract:
  Lead user driven innovation and open innovation paradigms seek to involve
consumers and common people to innovative product development projects. In
order to help developers choose ideas that meet the end users' needs, we
undertook a massive collaborative research effort and collected 40000 ideas
from 2150 common people about future mobile services that they would like to
use. We inspired each people to produce tens of mobile service ideas. In this
paper we carry out an analysis for 4000 ideas from the idea database. We had a
particular interest in whether peoples' ideas can be used in foreseeing the
technology development needs. The results show that end users produce ideas
that are conservative more than novel. Therefore, we claim that consumers'
technology foresight horizon is limited by the existing technological base. The
second finding, linked to the previous one, is that the great majority of the
ideas that consumers expressed could be realised utilizing existing
technologies. The implication of this finding is that the idea database should
be an interesting source of ideas for service developers. The third finding of
the study, related to the methodology, is that a vast number of ideas can be
collected fairly easily but analyzing them cost effectively is a challenge.


title:
Standard Model and New Physics contributions to $K_L$ and $K_S$ into
  four leptons

abstract:
  We study the $K_L$ and $K_S$ decays into four leptons ($e\bar{e}e\bar{e}, \,
\mu\bar{\mu}\mu\bar{\mu},\, e\bar{e}\mu\bar{\mu}$) where we use a form factor
motivated by vector meson dominance, and show the dependence of the branching
ratios and spectra from the slopes. A precise determination of short distance
contribution to $K_L\to \mu\mu$ is affected by our ignorance on the sign of the
amplitude $\mathcal{A}(K_L\to \gamma\gamma)$ but we show a possibility to
measure the sign of this amplitude by studying $K_L$ and $K_S$ decays in four
leptons. We also investigate the effect of New Physics contributions for these
decays.


title: From Black Holes to Cosmology : The Universe in the Computer

abstract:
  I discuss some aspects of the use of computers in Relativity, Astrophysics
and Cosmology. For each section I provide two examples representative of the
field, including gravitational collapse, black hole imagery, supernovae
explosions, star-black hole tidal interactions, N-body cosmological simulations
and detection of cosmic topology.


title: Probing the extragalactic background light with H.E.S.S

abstract:
  The imprint of cosmic backgrounds in the gamma ray spectra of blazars has
recently been detected by H.E.S.S. and Fermi-LAT, opening the way to studies of
gamma-ray propagation on cosmological scales. This proceeding discusses the
current constraints on the extragalactic background light (EBL), the effort to
increase the collection of blazars detected at TeV energies, and a crucial part
of the science case of next-generation instruments: gamma-ray cosmology.


title: Interactions of Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere: Growth Curves Revisited

abstract:
  Measurements of cosmic-ray abundances on balloons are affected by
interactions in the residual atmosphere above the balloon. Corrections for such
interactions are particularly important for observations of rare secondary
particles such as boron, antiprotons and positrons. These corrections can
either be calculated if the relevant cross sections in the atmosphere are
known, or may be empirically determined by extrapolation of the "growth
curves", i. e. the individual particle intensities as functions of atmospheric
depth. The growth-curve technique is particularly attractive for long-duration
balloon flights where the periodic daily altitude variations permit rather
precise determinations of the corresponding particle intensity variations. We
determine growth curves for nuclei from boron (Z=5) to iron (Z=26), using data
from the 2006 Arctic balloon flight of the TRACER detector for cosmic-ray
nuclei, and we compare the growth curves with predictions from published cross
section values. In general, good agreement is observed. We then study the
boron/carbon abundance ratio and derive a simple and energy-independent
correction term for this ratio. We emphasize that the growth-curve technique
can be developed further to provide highly accurate tests of published
interaction cross section values.


title: Identifying Graphical Models

abstract:
  The ability to identify reliably a positive or negative partial correlation
between the expression levels of two genes is influenced by the number $p$ of
genes, the number $n$ of analyzed samples, and the statistical properties of
the measurements. Classical statistical theory teaches that the product of the
root sample size multiplied by the size of the partial correlation is the
crucial quantity. But this has to be combined with some adjustment for
multiplicity depending on $p$, which makes the classical analysis somewhat
arbitrary. We investigate this problem through the lens of the Kullback-Leibler
divergence, which is a measure of the average information for detecting an
effect. We conclude that commonly sized studies in genetical epidemiology are
not able to reliably detect moderately strong links.


title: Excited exciton and biexciton localised states in a single quantum ring

abstract:
  We observe excited exciton and biexciton states of localised excitons in an
anisotropic quantum ring, where large polarisation asymmetry supports the
presence of a crescent-like localised structure. We also find that saturation
of the localised ground state exciton with increasing excitation can be
attributed to relatively fast dissociation of biexcitons (? 430 ps) compared to
slow relaxation from the excited state to the ground state (? 1000 ps). As no
significant excitonic Aharonov-Bohm oscillations occur up to 14 T, we conclude
that phase coherence around the rim is inhibited as a consequence of height
anisotropy in the quantum ring.


title: On the Semantics of ReFLect as a Basis for a Reflective Theorem Prover

abstract:
  This paper explores the semantics of a combinatory fragment of reFLect, the
lambda-calculus underlying a functional language used by Intel Corporation for
hardware design and verification. ReFLect is similar to ML, but has a primitive
data type whose elements are the abstract syntax trees of reFLect expressions
themselves. Following the LCF paradigm, this is intended to serve as the object
language of a higher-order logic theorem prover for specification and reasoning
- but one in which object- and meta-languages are unified. The aim is to
intermix program evaluation and logical deduction through reflection
mechanisms. We identify some difficulties with the semantics of reFLect as
currently defined, and propose a minimal modification of the type system that
avoids these problems.


title: Solving the generalized Higgs model from the generalized CRS model

abstract:
  In this paper, we reveal a direct relation between the generalized
one-dimensional Carinena-Ranada-Santander (CRS) model and the radial part of
two-dimensional generalized Higgs model. By this relation, we construct a
series of quasi-exactly solutions for the two-dimensional Higgs model from a
solved generalized CRS model.


title: Globalizations of infinitesimal actions on supermanifolds

abstract:
  Let $\mathcal G$ be a Lie supergroup with Lie superalgebra $\mathfrak g$,
$\mathcal M$ a supermanifold and $\mathrm{Vec}(\mathcal M)$ the set of vector
fields on $\mathcal M$. Let $\lambda:\mathfrak g\rightarrow
\mathrm{Vec}(\mathcal M)$ be an infinitesimal action, i.e. a homomorphism of
Lie superalgebras.
  We show the existence of a local $\mathcal G$-action on $\mathcal M$ inducing
the infinitesimal action $\lambda$ and find necessary and sufficient conditions
for the existence of a globalization in the sense of Palais.


title: Quantum beats of the rigid rotor

abstract:
  The dynamics is investigated of a free particle on a sphere (rigid rotor or
rotator) that is initially in a coherent state. The instability of coherent
states with respect to the free evolution leads to nontrivial time-development
of averages of observables representing the position of a particle on a sphere
that can be interpreted as quantum beats.


title: Spectral sections, twisted rho invariants and positive scalar curvature

abstract:
  We had previously defined the rho invariant $\rho_{spin}(Y,E,H, g)$ for the
twisted Dirac operator $\not\partial^E_H$ on a closed odd dimensional
Riemannian spin manifold $(Y, g)$, acting on sections of a flat hermitian
vector bundle $E$ over $Y$, where $H = \sum i^{j+1} H_{2j+1} $ is an odd-degree
differential form on $Y$ and $H_{2j+1}$ is a real-valued differential form of
degree ${2j+1}$. Here we show that it is a conformal invariant of the pair $(H,
g)$. In this paper we express the defect integer $\rho_{spin}(Y,E,H, g) -
\rho_{spin}(Y,E, g)$ in terms of spectral flows and prove that
$\rho_{spin}(Y,E,H, g)\in \mathbb Q$, whenever $g$ is a Riemannian metric of
positive scalar curvature. In addition, if the maximal Baum-Connes conjecture
holds for $\pi_1(Y)$ (which is assumed to be torsion-free), then we show that
$\rho_{spin}(Y,E,H, rg) =0$ for all $r\gg 0$, significantly generalizing our
earlier results. These results are proved using the Bismut-Weitzenb\"ock
formula, a scaling trick, the technique of noncommutative spectral sections,
and the Higson-Roe approach.

categories: math.DG hep-th math-ph math.KT math.MP math.OA


title:
Particle-hole symmetry and bifurcating ground state manifold in the
  quantum Hall ferromagnetic states of multilayer graphene

abstract:
  The orbital structure of the quantum Hall ferromagnetic states in the
zero-energy Landau level in chiral multilayer graphene (AB, ABC, ABCA, etc.\
stackings) is determined by the exchange interaction with all levels, including
deep-lying states in the Dirac sea. This exchange field favors orbitally
coherent states with a U(1) orbital symmetry if the filling factor $\nu$ is not
a multiple of the number of layers. If electrons fill the orbital sector of a
fixed spin/valley component to one-half, e.g., at $\nu=\pm3,\pm1$ in the
bilayer and at $\nu=\pm2,\pm6$ in the ABCA four-layer, there is a transition to
an $Z_2\times$U(1) manifold. For weak interaction, the structure in the
zero-energy Landau band compensates for the different exchange interaction on
the sublattices in the Landau orbitals; on the other side, the ground state
comes in two copies that distribute charge on the sublattices differently. We
expect a sequence of similar bifurcations in multilayers of Bernal stacking.


title:
Yang-Baxter operators and scattering amplitudes in $\mathcal{N} = 4$
  super-Yang-Mills theory

abstract:
  Yangian symmetry of amplitudes in $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory is
formulated in terms of eigenvalue relations for monodromy matrix operators. The
Quantum Inverse Scattering Method provides the appropriate tools to treat the
extended symmetry and to recover as its consequences many known features like
cyclic and inversion symmetry, BCFW recursion, Inverse Soft Limit construction,
Grassmannian integral representation, $\mathrm{R}$-invariants and on-shell
diagram approach.


title:
Adaptive Variable Step Algorithm for Missing Samples Recovery in Sparse
  Signals

abstract:
  Recovery of arbitrarily positioned samples that are missing in sparse signals
recently attracted significant research interest. Sparse signals with heavily
corrupted arbitrary positioned samples could be analyzed in the same way as
compressive sensed signals by omitting the corrupted samples and considering
them as unavailable during the recovery process. The reconstruction of missing
samples is done by using one of the well known reconstruction algorithms. In
this paper we will propose a very simple and efficient adaptive variable step
algorithm, applied directly to the concentration measures, without
reformulating the reconstruction problem within the standard linear programming
form. Direct application of the gradient approach to the nondifferentiable
forms of measures lead us to introduce a variable step size algorithm. A
criterion for changing adaptive algorithm parameters is presented. The results
are illustrated on the examples with sparse signals, including approximately
sparse signals and noisy sparse signals.


title:
Overdamped limit and inverse friction expansion for the Brownian motion
  in an inhomogeneous medium

abstract:
  We revisit the problem of the overdamped (large friction) limit of the
Brownian dynamics in an inhomogeneous medium characterized by a
position-dependent friction coefficient and a multiplicative noise (local
temperature) in one space dimension. Starting from the Kramers equation and
analyzing it through the expansion in terms of eigenfunctions of a quantum
harmonic oscillator, we derive analytically the corresponding Fokker-Planck
equation in the overdamped limit. The result is fully consistent with the
previous finding by Sancho, San Miguel, and D\"urr \cite{Sanc82}. Our method
allows us to generalize the Brinkman's hierarchy, and thus it would be
straightforward to obtain higher-order corrections in a systematic inverse
friction expansion without any assumption. Our results are confirmed by
numerical simulations for simple examples.


title: Quantifier Elimination for Valued Fields Equipped with an Automorphism

abstract:
  We provide axiomatization and relative quantifier elimination for valued
fields equipped with an automorphism, in residue characteristic zero. Similar
results are known under strong assumptions on the interaction between the
automorphism and the valuation. We remove such assumptions and provide general
treatment. As a consequence we obtain an axiomatization of the transseries
field (as a valued field with an automorphism) equipped with the automorphism
which sends f(x) to f(x+1).


title: Growth rate of the ancient human population in Australia

abstract:
  Empirical growth rates of the ancient human population in Australia have been
calculated using the data for the number of rock-shelter sites. They confirm
the earlier conclusion that there was no intensification of growth between
10,000 and 1000 years BP.


title: Robust Pade approximants may have spurious poles

abstract:
  We show that robust Pade approximants may have spurious poles and may not
converge pointwise


title: The Hopf Galois property in subfield lattices

abstract:
  Hopf Galois theory for finite separable field extensions was introduced by
Greither and Pareigis. They showed that all Hopf Galois extensions of degree up
to 5 are either Galois or almost classically Galois and they determined the
Hopf Galois character of a separable extension according to the Galois group
(or the degree) of its Galois closure. In this paper we study degree 6
separable extensions as well as intermediate extensions for degrees 4,5 and 6.
We present an example of a non almost classically Galois Hopf Galois extension
of the field of rational numbers of the smallest possible degree and new
examples of Hopf Galois extensions. In the last section we prove a transitivity
property of the Hopf Galois condition.


title:
On the solutions of a singular elliptic equation concentrating on two
  orthogonal spheres

abstract:
  Let $A=\{x\in \R^{2m} : 0< a< |x| <b\}$ be an annulus. Consider the following
singularly perturbed elliptic problem on $A$
  \begin{equation}
  \begin{array}{lll}
  -\eps^2{\De u} + |x|^{\eta}u = |x|^{\eta}u^p, &\mbox{\qquad in} A \notag u>0
&\mbox{\qquad in} A u = 0 &\mbox{\qquad on} \partial A
  \end{array} %\label{a1}
  \end{equation} $1<p<2^*-1$. We shall prove the existence of a positive
solution $u_\eps$ which concentrates on two different orthogonal spheres of
dimension $(m-1)$ as $\eps\to 0$. We achieve this by studying a reduced problem
on an annular domain in $\R^{m+1}$ and analyzing the profile of a two point
concentrating solution in this domain.


title:
Quench Induced Growth of Distant Entanglement from Product and Locally
  Entangled States in Spin Chains

abstract:
  We study the problem of entangling two spins at the distant ends of a spin
chain by exploiting the nonequilibrium dynamics of the system after a sudden
global quench. As initial states we consider a canted/spiral order product
state of the spins, and singlets of neighboring pairs of spins. We find that
within the class of canted order initial states, no entanglement is generated
at any time except for the special case of the Neel state. While an earlier
work had shown that the Neel state is indeed an excellent starting resource for
the dynamical generation of long distance entanglement, the curious fact that
this is the sole point within a large class of initial product states of the
spins was not noted. On the other hand, we find that an initial state which is
a series of nearest neighbor Bell states, and well motivated by some physical
realizations, is also a good starting resource for end to end entanglement in a
similar way to the Neel state.


title:
Multiple phase transitions in long-range first-passage percolation on
  square lattices

abstract:
  We consider a model of long-range first-passage percolation on the $d$
dimensional square lattice $Z^d$ in which any two distinct vertices $x, y \in
Z^d$ are connected by an edge having exponentially distributed passage time
with mean $||x-y||^{\alpha+o(1)}$, where $\alpha>0$ is a fixed parameter and
$||\cdot||$ is the $\ell_1$-norm on $Z^d$. We analyze the asymptotic growth
rate of the set $B_t$, which consists of all $x \in Z^d$ such that the
first-passage time between the origin 0 and $x$ is at most $t$, as
$t\to\infty$. We show that depending on the values of $\alpha$ there are four
growth regimes:
  (i) instantaneous growth for $\alpha<d$,
  (ii) stretched exponential growth for $\alpha\in (d,2d)$,
  (iii) superlinear growth for $\alpha\in (2d,2d+1)$ and finally
  (iv) linear growth for $\alpha>2d+1$ like the nearest-neighbor first-passage
percolation model corresponding to $\alpha=\infty$.


title: Non-uniformly local tent spaces

abstract:
  We develop a theory of `non-uniformly local' tent spaces on metric measure
spaces. As our main result, we give a remarkably simple proof of the atomic
decomposition.


title: Maker-Breaker games on random geometric graphs

abstract:
  In a Maker-Breaker game on a graph $G$, Breaker and Maker alternately claim
edges of $G$. Maker wins if, after all edges have been claimed, the graph
induced by his edges has some desired property. We consider four Maker-Breaker
games played on random geometric graphs. For each of our four games we show
that if we add edges between $n$ points chosen uniformly at random in the unit
square by order of increasing edge-length then, with probability tending to one
as $n\to\infty$, the graph becomes Maker-win the very moment it satisfies a
simple necessary condition. In particular, with high probability, Maker wins
the connectivity game as soon as the minimum degree is at least two; Maker wins
the Hamilton cycle game as soon as the minimum degree is at least four; Maker
wins the perfect matching game as soon as the minimum degree is at least two
and every edge has at least three neighbouring vertices; and Maker wins the
$H$-game as soon as there is a subgraph from a finite list of "minimal graphs".
These results also allow us to give precise expressions for the limiting
probability that $G(n,r)$ is Maker-win in each case, where $G(n,r)$ is the
graph on $n$ points chosen uniformly at random on the unit square with an edge
between two points if and only if their distance is at most $r$.


title:
Determining the Octant of $\theta_{23}$ with PINGU, T2K, NOvA and
  Reactor Data

abstract:
  We explore the prospects of determining the octant of $\theta_{23}$ with
atmospheric neutrinos at PINGU. We study in detail the impact of energy and
angle resolutions of the neutrino on the octant sensitivity. We show that the
systematic uncertainties on the atmospheric neutrino flux predictions,
especially the ones which affect the energy and zenith angle spectrum of the
neutrinos, make a rather drastic reduction of the sensitivity of PINGU. We also
study the prospects of measuring the octant of $\theta_{23}$ in the long
baseline experiments T2K and NOvA in conjunction with the reactor experiments.
We study this for two configurations of NOvA and T2K and make a comparative
analysis of them. From just 3 years of PINGU data, the octant could be
determined at more than $3\sigma$ C.L. for $sin^2\theta_{23}<0.419$ and
$sin^2\theta_{23}>0.586$ if we add the reactor data and if normal hierarchy is
true. On addition of the data from T2K and NOvA, the sensitivity improves so
that the octant could be determined at the $4\sigma$ C.L. for
$sin^2\theta_{23}<0.426$ and $sin^2\theta_{23}>0.586$ if normal hierarchy is
true. Even a $5\sigma$ significance for the right octant can be achieved if
$sin^2\theta_{23}<0.413$ for the true normal hierarchy. The sensitivity for the
true inverted hierarchy is lower and we expect a $3\sigma$ determination of
octant for $sin^2\theta_{23}<0.43$ and $>0.585$ from the combined data set for
this case.


title: Inflation due to quantum potential

abstract:
  In the framework of a cosmological model of the Universe filled with a
nonrelativistic particle soup, we easily reproduce inflation due to the quantum
potential. The lightest particles in the soup serve as a driving force of this
simple, natural and promising mechanism. It is explicitly demonstrated that the
appropriate choice of their mass and fraction leads to reasonable numbers of
e-folds. Thus, the direct introduction of the quantum potential into cosmology
of the earliest Universe gives ample opportunities of successful
reconsideration of the modern inflationary theory.

categories: gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th quant-ph


title:
A new hierarchical clustering algorithm to identify non-overlapping
  like-minded communities

abstract:
  A network has a non-overlapping community structure if the nodes of the
network can be partitioned into disjoint sets such that each node in a set is
densely connected to other nodes inside the set and sparsely connected to the
nodes out- side it. There are many metrics to validate the efficacy of such a
structure, such as clustering coefficient, betweenness, centrality, modularity
and like-mindedness. Many methods have been proposed to optimize some of these
metrics, but none of these works well on the recently introduced metric
like-mindedness. To solve this problem, we propose a be- havioral property
based algorithm to identify communities that optimize the like-mindedness
metric and compare its performance on this metric with other behavioral data
based methodologies as well as community detection methods that rely only on
structural data. We execute these algorithms on real-life datasets of
Filmtipset and Twitter and show that our algorithm performs better than the
existing algorithms with respect to the like-mindedness metric.


title:
Randall-Sundrum scenario with small curvature and dilepton production at
  LHC

abstract:
  The brief review of the recent results obtained in the Randall-Sundrum
scenario with the small curvature of the five-dimensional space-time is
presented.


title:
Calculation of 1RSB transition temperature of spin glass models on
  regular random graphs under the replica symmetric ansatz

abstract:
  We study $p$-spin glass models on regular random graphs. By analyzing the
Franz-Parisi potential with a two-body cavity field approximation under the
replica symmetric ansatz, we obtain a good approximation of the 1RSB transition
temperature for $p=3$. Our calculation method is much easier than the 1RSB
cavity method because the result is obtained by solving self-consistent
equations with Newton's method.


title:
Experimental investigation of the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect in
  low-Z targets

abstract:
  In the CERN NA63 collaboration we have addressed the question of the
potential inadequacy of the commonly used Migdal formulation of the
Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect by measuring the photon emission by 20
and 178 GeV electrons in the range 100 MeV - 4 GeV, in targets of
LowDensityPolyEthylene (LDPE), C, Al, Ti, Fe, Cu, Mo and, as a reference
target, Ta. For each target and energy, a comparison between simulated values
based on the LPM suppression of incoherent bremsstrahlung is shown, taking
multi-photon effects into account. For these targets and energies, we find that
Migdal's theoretical formulation is adequate to a precision of better than
about 5%, irrespective of the target substance.


title:
Enlargement of filtration and predictable representation property for
  semi-martingales

abstract:
  We present two examples of loss of the predictable representation property
for semi-martingales by enlargement of the reference filtration. First of all
we show that the predictable representation property for a square-integrable
semi-martingale X does not transfer from the reference filtration F to a larger
filtration G when the information starts growing up to a positive time. Then we
study the case when F coincides with the natural filtration of X and G is
obtained by adding the natural filtration of a second square-integrable
semi-martingale, Y. We establish conditions under which the triplet (X,Y,[X,Y])
enjoys the predictable representation property with respect to G.


title: The Rooster and the Syntactic Bracket

abstract:
  We propose an extension of pure type systems with an algebraic presentation
of inductive and co-inductive type families with proper indices. This type
theory supports coercions toward from smaller sorts to bigger sorts via
explicit type construction, as well as impredicative sorts. Type families in
impredicative sorts are constructed with a bracketing operation. The necessary
restrictions of pattern-matching from impredicative sorts to types are confined
to the bracketing construct. This type theory gives an alternative presentation
to the calculus of inductive constructions on which the Coq proof assistant is
an implementation.


title:
High Order Finite Difference Schemes for the Elastic Wave Equation in
  Discontinuous Media

abstract:
  Finite difference schemes for the simulation of elastic waves in materi- als
with jump discontinuities are presented. The key feature is the highly accurate
treatment of interfaces where media discontinuities arise. The schemes are
constructed using finite difference operators satisfying a sum- mation - by -
parts property together with a penalty technique to impose interface conditions
at the material discontinuity. Two types of opera- tors are used, termed fully
compatible or compatible. Stability is proved for the first case by bounding
the numerical solution by initial data in a suitably constructed semi - norm.
Numerical experiments indicate that the schemes using compatible operators are
also stable. However, the nu- merical studies suggests that fully compatible
operators give identical or better convergence and accuracy properties. The
numerical experiments are also constructed to illustrate the usefulness of the
proposed method to simulations involving typical interface phenomena in elastic
materials.


title: Creative Gardens

abstract:
  Can we move beyond simply networking creative individuals to establishing
diverse communities of practice for innovation through discursive methods.
Furthermore, can we digitise their creativity activities within an integrative
socio-cultural collaborative technology platform that could then support
distributed innovation. First, we consider the complexity of creative cultures
from the perspective of design innovation, including how to nurture creativity
activities in what we call Creative Gardens. Specifically, how they could grow,
diverge, and combine, be- ing cultivated to nurture emergent, disruptive,
collaborative innovation. Then, we consider the digitisation of Creative
Gardens from the perspective of digital culture. Specifically, the tenets of
Creative Gardens as dynamic and innovative communities. This includes
considering the challenges and opportunities around digitisation, the
influences around the connectivity with knowledge cultivation, and the
potential for distributed innovation as collective intelligence to utilise
diverse expertise. We conclude be considering the importance of the issues and
questions raised, and their potential for the future.


title: The moduli space of 4-dimensional nilpotent complex associative algebras

abstract:
  In this paper, we study 4-dimensional nilpotent complex associative algebras.
This is a continuation of the study of the moduli space of 4-dimensional
algebras. The non-nilpotent algeras were analyzed in an earlier paper. Even
though there are only 15 families of nilpotent 4-dimensional algebras, the
complexity of their behaviour warrented a separate study, which we give here.


title: High-resolution probes of low-resolution nuclei

abstract:
  Renormalization group (RG) methods used to soften Hamiltonians allow
large-scale computational resources to be used to greater advantage in
calculations of nuclear structure and reactions. These RG transformations lower
the effective resolution of the nuclei, which raises questions about how to
calculate and interpret high-momentum transfer probes of nuclear structure.
Such experiments are conventionally explained in terms of short-range
correlations, but these disappear with the evolution to low-momentum scales. We
highlight the important issues and prospects in the context of recent
developments in RG technology, with guidance from the analogous extraction of
parton distributions.


title:
Phonon-mediated damping of mechanical vibrations in a finite atomic
  chain coupled to an outer environment

abstract:
  We study phonon-mediated damping of mechanical vibrations in a finite
quantum-mechanical atomic-chain model. Our study is motivated by the quest to
understand the quality factors (Q) of nanomechanical resonators and
nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), as well as actual experiments with
suspended atomic chains and molecular junctions. We consider a finite atomic
chain which is coupled to a zero-temperature outer environment, modeled as two
additional semi-infinite chains, thus inducing "clamping-losses". Weak coupling
to the outer environment ensures that the clamping losses are small, and that
the initially discrete nature of the phonon spectrum is approximately
maintained. We then consider a phonon damping process known as "Landau-Rumer
damping", where phonons in the excited mode of vibration decay into other modes
through anharmonic phonon-phonon interaction. The approximately discrete nature
of the phonon spectrum leads to sharp nonmonotonic changes in Q as parameters
are varied, and to the appearance of resonances in the damping. The latter
correspond to the existence of decay processes where the participating phonons
approximately conserve energy. We explore means to control the damping by
changing either the number of atoms in the chains or the ratio between the
longitudinal and transverse speeds of sound, thereby suggesting future
experiments to observe this resonance-like behavior.


title: Type IIB flux compactifications on twistor bundles

abstract:
  We construct a U(1) bundle over N(1,1), usually considered as an SO(3) bundle
over CP^2, and show that type IIB supergravity can be consistently compactified
over it. With the five form flux turned on, there is a solution for which the
metric becomes Einstein. We also turn on 3-form fluxes and show that there is a
one parameter family of solutions. In particular, there is a limiting solution
of large 3-form fluxes for which two U(1) fiber directions of the metric shrink
to zero size. We also discuss compactifications over N(1,1) to AdS_3. All
solutions turn out to be non-supersymmetric.


title:
Emergence of spacetime dynamics in entropy corrected and braneworld
  models

abstract:
  A very interesting new proposal on the origin of the cosmic expansion was
recently suggested by Padmanabhan [arXiv:1206.4916]. He argued that the
difference between the surface degrees of freedom and the bulk degrees of
freedom in a region of space drives the accelerated expansion of the universe,
as well as the standard Friedmann equation through relation $% \triangle
V=\triangle t(N_{\mathrm{sur}}-N_{\mathrm{bulk}})$. In this paper, we first
present the general expression for the number of degrees of freedom on the
holographic surface, $N_{\mathrm{sur}}$, using the general entropy corrected
formula $S=\frac{A}{4 L_{p}^2}+s(A)$. Then, as two example, by applying the
Padmanabhan's idea we extract the corresponding Friedmann equations in the
presence of power-law and logarithmic correction terms in the entropy. We also
extend the study to RS II and DGP branworld models and derive successfully the
correct form of the Friedmann equations in these theories. Our study further
supports the viability of Padmanabhan's proposal.


title:
Hyperfine Paschen-Back regime in alkali metal atoms: consistency of two
  theoretical considerations and experiment

abstract:
  Simple and efficient "\lambda-method" and "\lambda/2-method" (\lambda is the
resonant wavelength of laser radiation) based on nanometric-thickness cell
filled with rubidium are implemented to study the splitting of hyperfine
transitions of 85Rb and 87Rb D_1 line in an external magnetic field in the
range of B = 0.5 - 0.7 T. It is experimentally demonstrated from 20 (12) Zeeman
transitions allowed at low B-field in 85Rb (87Rb) spectra in the case of
\sigma+ polarized laser radiation, only 6 (4) remain at B > 0.5 T, caused by
decoupling of the total electronic momentum J and the nuclear spin momentum I
(hyperfine Paschen-Back regime). The expressions derived in the frame of
completely uncoupled basis (J, m_J ; I, m_I) describe very well the
experimental results for 85Rb transitions at $B > 0.6 T (that is a
manifestation of hyperfine Paschen-Back regime). A remarkable result is that
the calculations based on the eigenstates of coupled (F, m_F) basis, which
adequately describe the system for low magnetic field, also predict reduction
of number of transition components from 20 to 6 for 85Rb, and from 12 to 4 for
87Rb spectrum at B > 0.5 T. Also, the Zeeman transitions frequency shift,
frequency interval between the components and their slope versus $B$ are in
agreement with the experiment.


title:
Superconductivity and physical properties of LanRu3n-1B2n (n = 1, 2, and
  3)

abstract:
  We examined the physical properties of homologous LanRu3n-1B2n (n = 1 - 3)
series including a new compound of n = 2. All of these compounds showed strong
electron-electron correlation characterized by large Wilson ratio. In contrast
to LaRu2B2 and La2Ru5B4 that show normal metal behaviors down to 1.8 K, we
discover La3Ru8B6 is an intermediately coupled BCS superconductor with Tc ~ 3.2
K. The experimental and theoretical calculation results suggest that the
emergence of superconductivity in La3Ru8B6 attributes to the rather large
density of states at EF when compared to other two compounds.


title: Quasi-periodic wiggles of microwave zebra structures in a solar flare

abstract:
  Quasi-periodic wiggles of microwave zebra pattern structures with period
range from about 0.5 s to 1.5 s are found in a X-class solar flare on 2006
December 13 at the 2.6-3.8 GHz with the Chinese Solar Broadband Radio
Spectrometer (SBRS/Huairou). Periodogram and correlation analysis show that the
wiggles have two-three significant periodicities and almost in phase between
stripes at different frequency. The Alfven speed estimated from the zebra
pattern structures is about 700 Km/s. We obtain the spatial size of the
waveguiding plasma structure to be about 1 Mm with the detected period of about
1 s. It suggests the ZP wiggles can be associated with the fast mag-
netoacoustic oscillations in the flaring active region. The lack of a
significant phase shift between wiggles of different stripes suggests that the
ZP wiggles are caused by a standing sausage oscillation.


title:
Collective force generated by multiple biofilaments can exceed the sum
  of forces due to individual ones

abstract:
  Collective dynamics and force generation by cytoskeletal filaments are
crucial in many cellular processes. Investigating growth dynamics of a bundle
of N independent cytoskeletal filaments pushing against a wall, we show that
chemical switching (ATP/GTP hydrolysis) leads to a collective phenomenon that
is currently unknown. Obtaining force-velocity relations for different models
that capture chemical switching, we show, analytically and numerically, that
the collective stall force of N filaments is greater than N times the stall
force of a single filament. Employing an exactly solvable toy model, we
analytically prove the above result for N=2. We, further, numerically show the
existence of this collective phenomenon, for N>=2, in realistic models (with
random and sequential hydrolysis) that simulate actin and microtubule bundle
growth. We make quantitative predictions for the excess forces, and argue that
this collective effect is related to the non-equilibrium nature of chemical
switching.


title: Viral Marketing On Configuration Model

abstract:
  We consider propagation of influence on a Configuration Model, where each
vertex can be influenced by any of its neighbours but in its turn, it can only
influence a random subset of its neighbours. Our (enhanced) model is described
by the total degree of the typical vertex, representing the total number of its
neighbours and the transmitter degree, representing the number of neighbours it
is able to influence. We give a condition involving the joint distribution of
these two degrees, which if satisfied would allow with high probability the
influence to reach a non-negligible fraction of the vertices, called a big
(influenced) component, provided that the source vertex is chosen from a set of
good pioneers. We show that asymptotically the big component is essentially the
same, regardless of the good pioneer we choose, and we explicitly evaluate the
asymptotic relative size of this component. Finally, under some additional
technical assumption we calculate the relative size of the set of good
pioneers. The main technical tool employed is the "fluid limit" analysis of the
joint exploration of the configuration model and the propagation of the
influence up to the time when a big influenced component is completed. This
method was introduced in Janson & Luczak (2008) to study the giant component of
the configuration model. Using this approach we study also a reverse dynamic,
which traces all the possible sources of influence of a given vertex, and which
by a new "duality" relation allows to characterise the set of good pioneers.


title: Direct and Parallel Tomography of a Quantum Process

abstract:
  As the method to completely characterize quantum dynamical processes, quantum
process tomography (QPT) is vitally important for quantum information
processing and quantum control, where the faithfulness of quantum devices plays
an essential role. Here via weak measurements, we present a new QPT scheme
characterized by its directness and parallelism. Comparing with the existing
schemes, our scheme needs a simpler state preparation and much fewer
experimental setups. Furthermore, each parameter of the quantum process is
directly determined from only five experimental values in our scheme, meaning
that our scheme is robust against the accumulation of errors.