title:
Realization of the Noncommutative Seiberg-Witten Gauge Theory by Fields
  in Phase Space

abstract:
  Representations of the Poincar\'{e} symmetry are studied by using a Hilbert
space with a phase space content. The states are described by wave functions (
quasi amplitudes of probability) associated with Wigner functions (quasi
probability density). The gauge symmetry analysis provides a realization of the
Seiberg-Witten gauge theory for noncommutative fields.


title:
Experimental observations of temperature effects in the near-field
  regime of the Casimir-Polder interaction

abstract:
  We investigate the temperature dependence of the Casimir-Polder interaction
in the electrostatic limit. This unusual phenomenon relies on the coupling
between a virtual atomic transition and a thermal excitation of surface
polariton modes. We first focus on the scenario where a Cs(8P3/2) atom is next
to a CaF2 or a BaF2 surface. Our theoretical predictions show a strong
temperature dependence of the van der Waals coefficient at experimentally
accessible conditions. A series of spectroscopic measurements performed in a
specially designed Cs vapour cell containing a CaF2 tube is presented. Our
results illustrate the sensitivity of atom surface-interaction experiments to
the quality and chemical stability of the surface material and emphasize the
need of using more durable materials, such as sapphire. We finally discuss
selective reflection experiments on Cs(7D3/2) in an all-sapphire cell that
clearly demonstrate a temperature dependent van der Waals coefficient.


title: Electrostatic cooling in Ion-Exchange Membranes

abstract:
  In ion-exchange membrane processes, ions and water flow under the influence
of gradients in hydrostatic pressure, ion chemical potential, and electrical
potential (voltage), leading to solvent flow, ionic fluxes and ionic current.
At the outer surfaces of the membranes, electrical double layers (EDLs) are
formed (Donnan layers). When a current flows through the membrane, we argue
that besides Joule heating in the bulk of the membrane and in the electrolyte
outside the membrane, there is also electrostatic heating and cooling in the
EDLs. In addition, when fluid flows through a charged membrane, at the outsides
of the membrane there is pressure-related heating or cooling due to the osmotic
and hydrostatic pressure differences across the EDLs.


title: Quasiballistic Heat Conduction in Transient Grating Spectroscopy

abstract:
  Transient grating (TG) spectroscopy is an important experimental technique to
measure mean free path (MFP) spectra using observations of quasiballistic heat
conduction. To obtain MFP spectra, the measurements must be interpreted within
the framework of the frequency-dependent Boltzmann transport equation (BTE),
but previous solutions have restricted validity due to simplifying assumptions.
Here, we analyze heat conduction in TG using a new analytical solution of the
frequency-dependent BTE that accurately describes thermal transport from the
diffusive to ballistic regimes. We demonstrate that our result enables a more
accurate measurement of MFP spectra and thus will lead to an improved
understanding of heat conduction in solids.


title: Smoothed Model Checking for Uncertain Continuous Time Markov Chains

abstract:
  We consider the problem of computing the satisfaction probability of a
formula for stochastic models with parametric uncertainty. We show that this
satisfaction probability is a smooth function of the model parameters. This
enables us to devise a novel Bayesian statistical algorithm which performs
statistical model checking simultaneously for all values of the model
parameters from observations of truth values of the formula over individual
runs of the model at isolated parameter values. This is achieved by exploiting
the smoothness of the satisfaction function: by modelling explicitly
correlations through a prior distribution over a space of smooth functions (a
Gaussian Process), we can condition on observations at individual parameter
values to construct an analytical approximation of the function itself.
Extensive experiments on non-trivial case studies show that the approach is
accurate and several orders of magnitude faster than naive parameter
exploration with standard statistical model checking methods.


title: Sign-changing tower of bubbles for the Brezis-Nirenberg problem

abstract:
  In this paper, we prove that the Brezis-Nirenberg problem -\Delta u =
|u|^{p-1}u+\epsilon u in \Omega; u=0 on \partial \Omega where \Omega is a
symmetric bounded smooth domain in R^N, N\geq 7 and p = (N+2)/(N-2), has a
solution with the shape of a tower of two bubbles with alternate signs,
centered at the center of symmetry of the domain, for all \epsilon > 0
sufficiently small.


title: Kerr-AdS Black Holes and Force-Free Magnetospheres

abstract:
  We obtain analogs of the Blandford-Znajek split monopole solution for
force-free magnetospheres around a slowly rotating Kerr-AdS black hole. For
small black holes, we find an analytic solution to first order in the ratio of
horizon radius to AdS scale, $r_H/l$, which exhibits a radial Poynting flux and
for $r_H/l \rightarrow 0$ smoothly approaches the Blandford-Znajek
configuration in an asymptotically flat Kerr background. However, for large
Kerr-AdS black holes with $r_H/l > 1$, namely those for which the bulk black
hole holographically describes the thermodynamics of a strongly-interacting
boundary field theory, the existence of a globally well-defined timelike
Killing vector external to the horizon suggests the absence of energy
extraction through the Blandford-Znajek process. In this regime, we find that
at least for slow rotation the force-free solution still exists but exhibits a
range of angular velocities for the field lines, corresponding to the freedom
in the dual field theory to rotate a magnetic field through a neutral plasma.
As a byproduct of this work, we also obtain an analytic solution for a rotating
monopole magnetosphere in pure AdS, analogous to the Michel solution in flat
space.


title:
Impact of sterile neutrinos on the early time flux from a galactic
  supernova

abstract:
  We study the impact of the existence of an eV-mass scale sterile
neutrino---with parameters in the ballpark of what is required to fit the
laboratory anomalies---on the early time profile of the electron neutrino and
antineutrino fluxes associated to a core-collapse supernova (SN). In
particular, we focus on the universal feature of neutronization burst expected
in the first tens of ms of the signal: provided that a detector with sufficient
sensitivity is available, it is well-known that in the 3 neutrino framework the
detection of the neutronization burst in neutrino channel would signal inverted
mass hierarchy. This conclusion is dramatically altered in the presence of a
sterile neutrino: we study here both analytically and numerically the region in
parameter space where this characteristic signal disappears, mimicking normal
hierarchy expectations. Conversely, the detection of a peak consistent with
expectations for inverted mass hierarchy would exclude the existence of a
sterile state over a much wider parameter space than what required by
laboratory anomalies fits, or even probed by detectors coming on-line in the
near future. Additionally, we show the peculiar alteration in the energy-time
double differential flux, with a delayed peak appearing for kinematical
reasons, which might offer a remarkable signature in case of favorable
parameters and for a high statistics detection of a Galactic SN. We also
comment on additional potentially interesting effects in the electron
antineutrino channel, if more than one angle in the active-sterile sector is
non-vanishing. As an ancillary result that we derived in the technical
resolution of the equations, in an appendix we report the Cayley-Hamilton
formalism for the evolution of a four neutrino system in matter, generalizing
existing results in the literature.


title: An Autoencoder Approach to Learning Bilingual Word Representations

abstract:
  Cross-language learning allows us to use training data from one language to
build models for a different language. Many approaches to bilingual learning
require that we have word-level alignment of sentences from parallel corpora.
In this work we explore the use of autoencoder-based methods for cross-language
learning of vectorial word representations that are aligned between two
languages, while not relying on word-level alignments. We show that by simply
learning to reconstruct the bag-of-words representations of aligned sentences,
within and between languages, we can in fact learn high-quality representations
and do without word alignments. Since training autoencoders on word
observations presents certain computational issues, we propose and compare
different variations adapted to this setting. We also propose an explicit
correlation maximizing regularizer that leads to significant improvement in the
performance. We empirically investigate the success of our approach on the
problem of cross-language test classification, where a classifier trained on a
given language (e.g., English) must learn to generalize to a different language
(e.g., German). These experiments demonstrate that our approaches are
competitive with the state-of-the-art, achieving up to 10-14 percentage point
improvements over the best reported results on this task.


title:
Generalized Inversions and the Construction of Musical Group and
  Groupoid Actions

abstract:
  Transformational music theory is a recent field in music theory which studies
the possible transformations between musical objects, such as chords. In the
framework of the theory initiated by David Lewin, the set of all
transformations forms a group which acts simply transitively on the set of
musical objects. In particular, neo-Riemannian theory focuses on the action of
the T/I group or the PLR group, which are both isomorphic to the dihedral group
D24, on the set of major and minor triads. It has been shown recently that
generalized neo-Riemannian groups of transformations can be built as group
extensions. By generalizing this construction, groupoids of transformations
between different pitch-class sets can be obtained. The goal of this paper is
to give details concerning the calculation of musical group and groupoid
actions, both in the covariant and contravariant case. In doing so, we
introduce a concept of generalized inversion transformations for the partial
transformation between pitch-class sets.


title: Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies at High Redshift

abstract:
  Far-infrared and submillimeter wavelength surveys have now established the
important role of dusty, star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) in the assembly of
stellar mass and the evolution of massive galaxies in the Universe. The
brightest of these galaxies have infrared luminosities in excess of 10$^{13}$
L$_{\odot}$ with implied star-formation rates of thousands of solar masses per
year. They represent the most intense starbursts in the Universe, yet many are
completely optically obscured. Their easy detection at submm wavelengths is due
to dust heated by ultraviolet radiation of newly forming stars. When summed up,
all of the dusty, star-forming galaxies in the Universe produce an infrared
radiation field that has an equal energy density as the direct starlight
emission from all galaxies visible at ultraviolet and optical wavelengths. The
bulk of this infrared extragalactic background light emanates from galaxies as
diverse as gas-rich disks to mergers of intense starbursting galaxies. Major
advances in far-infrared instrumentation in recent years, both space-based and
ground-based, has led to the detection of nearly a million DSFGs, yet our
understanding of the underlying astrophysics that govern the start and end of
the dusty starburst phase is still in nascent stage. This review is aimed at
summarizing the current status of DSFG studies, focusing especially on the
detailed characterization of the best-understood subset (submillimeter
galaxies, who were summarized in the last review of this field over a decade
ago, Blain et al., 2002), but also the selection and characterization of more
recently discovered DSFG populations. We review DSFG population statistics,
their physical properties including dust, gas and stellar contents, their
environments, and current theoretical models related to the formation and
evolution of these galaxies.


title:
On the solution of stochastic optimization and variational problems in
  imperfect information regimes

abstract:
  We consider the solution of a stochastic convex optimization problem
$\mathbb{E}[f(x;\theta^*,\xi)]$ over a closed and convex set $X$ in a regime
where $\theta^*$ is unavailable and $\xi$ is a suitably defined random
variable. Instead, $\theta^*$ may be obtained through the solution of a
learning problem that requires minimizing a metric $\mathbb{E}[g(\theta;\eta)]$
in $\theta$ over a closed and convex set $\Theta$. Traditional approaches have
been either sequential or direct variational approaches. In the case of the
former, this entails the following steps: (i) a solution to the learning
problem, namely $\theta^*$, is obtained; and (ii) a solution is obtained to the
associated computational problem which is parametrized by $\theta^*$. Such
avenues prove difficult to adopt particularly since the learning process has to
be terminated finitely and consequently, in large-scale instances, sequential
approaches may often be corrupted by error. On the other hand, a variational
approach requires that the problem may be recast as a possibly non-monotone
stochastic variational inequality problem in the $(x,\theta)$ space; but there
are no known first-order stochastic approximation schemes are currently
available for the solution of this problem. To resolve the absence of
convergent efficient schemes, we present a coupled stochastic approximation
scheme which simultaneously solves both the computational and the learning
problems. The obtained schemes are shown to be equipped with almost sure
convergence properties in regimes when the function $f$ is either strongly
convex as well as merely convex.


title: Thermalization of Hadrons via Hagedorn States

abstract:
  Hagedorn states are characterized by being very massive hadron-like
resonances and by not being limited to quantum numbers of known hadrons. To
generate such a zoo of different Hagedorn states, a covariantly formulated
bootstrap equation is solved by ensuring energy conservation and conservation
of baryon number $B$, strangeness $S$ and electric charge $Q$. The numerical
solution of this equation provides Hagedorn spectra, which enable to obtain the
decay width for Hagedorn states needed in cascading decay simulations. A single
(heavy) Hagedorn state cascades by various two-body decay channels subsequently
into final stable hadrons. All final hadronic observables like masses, spectral
functions and decay branching ratios for hadronic feed down are taken from the
hadronic transport model UrQMD. Strikingly, the final energy spectra of
resulting hadrons are exponential showing a thermal-like distribution with the
characteristic Hagedorn temperature.


title:
An analytic solution of the non-stationary Navier-Stokes equation in
  three dimensions

abstract:
  In this paper we describe a method to derive classical solutions of the
Navier-Stokes equations for non-stationary initial value problems in domain R^n
(n = 2, 3 or higher). A new closed-form analytic solution of the incompressible
Navier-Stokes equations on the decay of vortices in a viscous fluid in R3 is
presented.


title:
Surface phase diagram of the three-dimensional kinetic Ising model in an
  oscillating magnetic field

abstract:
  We study the surface phase diagram of the three-dimensional kinetic Ising
model below the equilibrium critical point subjected to a periodically
oscillating magnetic field. Changing the surface interaction strength as well
as the period of the external field, we obtain a non-equilibrium surface phase
diagram that in parts strongly resembles the corresponding equilibrium phase
diagram, with an ordinary transition, an extraordinary transition and a surface
transition. These three lines meet at a special transition point. For weak
surface couplings, however, the surface does not order. These results are found
to remain qualitatively unchanged when using different single-spin flip
dynamics.


title:
First simultaneous measurement of sextupolar and octupolar resonance
  driving terms in a circular accelerator from turn-by-turn beam position
  monitors data

abstract:
  Beam lifetime in storage rings and colliders is affected by, among other
effects, lattice nonlinearities. Their control are of great benefit to the
dynamic aperture of an accelerator, whose enlargement leads in general to more
efficient injection and longer lifetime. This article describes a procedure to
evaluate and correct unwanted nonlinearities by using turn-by-turn beam
position monitor data, which is an evolution of previous works on the resonance
driving terms (RDTs). Effective sextupole magnetic errors and tilts at the ESRF
electron storage ring are evaluated and corrected (when possible) by using this
technique. For the first time, also octupolar RDTs could be measured and used
to define an octupolar model for the main quadrupoles. Most of the deviations
from the model observed in the sextupolar RDTs of the ESRF storage ring turned
out to be generated by focusing errors rather than by sextupole errors. These
results could be achieved thanks to new analytical formulas describing the
harmonic content of the nonlinear betatron motion to the second order. For the
first time, RDTs have been also used for beam-based calibration of individual
sextupole magnets. They also proved to be a powerful tool in predicting faulty
magnets and in validating magnetic models. This technique provides also a
figure of merit for a self-assessment of the reliability of the data analysis.


title: Flavor Structure of the Nucleon Sea from Lattice QCD

abstract:
  We present the first direct lattice calculation of the isovector sea-quark
parton distributions using the formalism developed recently by one of the
authors. We use $N_f=2+1+1$ HISQ lattice gauge ensembles (generated by MILC
Collaboration) and clover valence fermions with pion mass 310 MeV. We are able
to obtain the qualitative features of the nucleon sea flavor structure even at
this large pion mass: We observe violation of the Gottfried sum rule,
indicating $\overline{d}(x) > \overline{u}(x)$; the helicity distribution obeys
$\Delta \overline{u}(x) > \Delta \overline{d}(x)$, which is consistent with the
STAR data at large and small leptonic pseudorapidity.


title:
Gapless excitations of axially symmetric vortices in systems with
  tensorial order parameter

abstract:
  We extend the results of previous work on the vortex order parameter in
systems similar to the Ginzburg-Landau description of superfluid $^3$He in the
bulk B phase. Specifically, we consider vortices preserving an axial $U(1)$
symmetry. We determine the conditions required by the $\beta_i$ parameters to
allow for an energetically favorable development of the off-diagonal
antisymmetric and symmetric-traceless elements satisfying the axial symmetry
from the trace-only ansatz of the order parameter. The number and type of
gapless moduli appearing on the classical low energy theory of axial vortices
is determined. The time-dependent part of the Ginzburg-Landau free energy is
then considered to determine the number of quantized modes emerging from the
gapless moduli fields.


title: Quantum and affine Schubert calculus and Macdonald polynomials

abstract:
  We definitively establish that the theory of symmetric Macdonald polynomials
aligns with quantum and affine Schubert calculus using a discovery that
distinguished weak chains can be identified by chains in the strong (Bruhat)
order poset on the type-$A$ affine Weyl group. We construct two one-parameter
families of functions that respectively transition positively with
Hall-Littlewood and Macdonald's $P$-functions, and specialize to the
representatives for Schubert classes of homology and cohomology of the affine
Grassmannian. Our approach leads us to conjecture that all elements in a
defining set of 3-point genus 0 Gromov-Witten invariants for flag manifolds can
be formulated as strong covers.


title: Brief review on higher spin black holes

abstract:
  We review some relevant results in the context of higher spin black holes in
three-dimensional spacetimes, focusing on their asymptotic behaviour and
thermodynamic properties. For simplicity, we mainly discuss the case of gravity
nonminimally coupled to spin-3 fields, being nonperturbatively described by a
Chern-Simons theory of two independent sl(3,R) gauge fields. Since the analysis
is particularly transparent in the Hamiltonian formalism, we provide a concise
discussion of their basic aspects in this context; and as a warming up
exercise, we briefly analyze the asymptotic behaviour of pure gravity, as well
as the BTZ black hole and its thermodynamics, exclusively in terms of gauge
fields. The discussion is then extended to the case of black holes endowed with
higher spin fields, briefly signaling the agreements and discrepancies found
through different approaches. We conclude explaining how the puzzles become
resolved once the fall off of the fields is precisely specified and extended to
include chemical potentials, in a way that it is compatible with the asymptotic
symmetries. Hence, the global charges become completely identified in an
unambiguous way, so that different sets of asymptotic conditions turn out to
contain inequivalent classes of black hole solutions being characterized by a
different set of global charges.


title: Compressive and Adaptive Millimeter-wave SAR

abstract:
  We apply adaptive sensing techniques to the problem of locating sparse
metallic scatterers using high-resolution, frequency modulated continuous wave
W-band RADAR. Using a single detector, a frequency stepped source, and a
lateral translation stage, inverse synthetic aperture RADAR reconstruction
techniques are used to search for one or two wire scatterers within a specified
range, while an adaptive algorithm determined successive sampling locations.
The two-dimensional location of each scatterer is thereby identified with
sub-wavelength accuracy in as few as 1/4 the number of lateral steps required
for a simple raster scan. The implications of applying this approach to more
complex scattering geometries are explored in light of the various assumptions
made.


title:
Reconstruction Models for Attractors in the Technical and Economic
  Processes

abstract:
  The article discusses building models based on the reconstructed attractors
of the time series. Discusses the use of the properties of dynamical chaos,
namely to identify the strange attractors structure models. Here is used the
group properties of differential equations, which consist in the symmetry of
particular solutions. Examples of modeling engineering systems are given.


title: Properties of Open Quantum Walks on $\mathbb{Z}$

abstract:
  A connection between the asymptotic behavior of the open quantum walk and the
spectrum of a generalized quantum coins is studied. For the case of
simultaneously diagonalizable transition operators an exact expression for
probability distribution of the position of the walker for arbitrary number of
steps is found. For a large number of steps the probability distribution
consist of maximally two "soliton"-like solution and a certain number of
Gaussian distributions. The number of different contributions to the final
probability distribution is equal to the number of distinct absolute values in
the spectrum of the transition operators. The presence of the zeros in spectrum
is an indicator of the "soliton"-like solutions in the probability
distribution.


title: Use of Dynamical Systems Modeling to Hybrid Cloud Database

abstract:
  In the article, an experiment is aimed at clarifying the transfer efficiency
of the database in the cloud infrastructure. The system was added to the
control unit, which has guided the database search in the local part or in the
cloud. It is shown that the time data acquisition remains unchanged as a result
of modification. Suggestions have been made about the use of the theory of
dynamic systems to hybrid cloud database. The present work is aimed at
attracting the attention of spe-cialists in the field of cloud database to the
apparatus control theory. The experiment presented in this article allows the
use of the description of the known methods for solving important practical
problems.


title:
Herschel observations of Hickson compact groups of galaxies: Unveiling
  the properties of cold dust

abstract:
  We present a Herschel far-IR and sub-mm study of a sample of 120 galaxies in
28 Hickson Compact Groups. Fitting their UV to sub-mm spectral energy
distributions with the model of da Cunha et al. (2008), we accurately estimate
the dust masses, luminosities and temperatures of the individual galaxies. We
find that nearly half of the late-type galaxies in dynamically "old" groups,
those with more than 25% of early-type members and redder UV-optical colours,
have also significantly lower dust-to-stellar mass ratios compared to those of
actively star-forming galaxies of the same mass found both in HCGs and the
field. Examining their dust-to-gas mass ratios we conclude that dust was
stripped out of these systems as a result of the gravitational and hydrodynamic
interactions, experienced due to previous encounters with other group members.
About 40% of the early-type galaxies (mostly lenticulars), in dynamically "old"
groups, display dust properties similar to those of the UV-optical red
late-type galaxies. Given their stellar masses, star formation rates and
UV-optical colours, we suggest that red late-type and dusty lenticular galaxies
represent transition populations between blue star-forming disk galaxies and
quiescent early-type ellipticals. [...ABRIDGED...] Our deep Herschel
observations also allow us to detect the presence of diffuse cold intragroup
dust in 4 HCGs. We also find that the fraction of 250micron emission which is
located outside of the main bodies of the red late-type galaxies as well as of
the dusty lenticulars is 15-20% of their integrated emission at this band. All
these findings are consistent with an evolutionary scenario in which gas
dissipation, shocks and turbulence in addition to tidal interactions, shape the
evolution of galaxies in compact groups.


title:
Overlaps of $q$-raised N\'eel states with XXZ Bethe states and their
  relation to the Lieb-Liniger Bose gas

abstract:
  We present a Gaudin-like determinant expression for overlaps of $q$-raised
N\'eel states with Bethe states of the spin-1/2 XXZ chain in the non-zero
magnetization sector. The former is constructed by applying global $U_q(sl_2)$
spin raising operators to the N\'eel state, the ground state of the
antiferromagnetic Ising chain. The formulas presented are derived from
recently-obtained results for the overlap of the N\'eel state with XXZ Bethe
states. The determinants as well as their prefactors can be evaluated in the
scaling limit of the XXZ spin chain to the Lieb-Liniger Bose gas. Within this
limit a $q$-raised N\'eel state that contains finitely many down spins
corresponds to the ground state of free bosons. This allows for a rigorous
proof of the BEC Lieb-Liniger overlap formula for an arbitrary number of
particles.


title:
Parallel inference for massive distributed spatial data using low-rank
  models

abstract:
  Due to rapid data growth, statistical analysis of massive datasets often has
to be carried out in a distributed fashion, either because several datasets
stored in separate physical locations are all relevant to a given problem, or
simply to achieve faster (parallel) computation through a divide-and-conquer
scheme. In both cases, the challenge is to obtain valid inference that does not
require processing all data at a single central computing node. We show that
for a very widely used class of spatial low-rank models, which can be written
as a linear combination of spatial basis functions plus a fine-scale-variation
component, parallel spatial inference and prediction for massive distributed
data can be carried out exactly, meaning that the results are the same as for a
traditional, non-distributed analysis. The communication cost of our
distributed algorithms does not depend on the number of data points. After
extending our results to the spatio-temporal case, we illustrate our
methodology by carrying out distributed spatio-temporal particle filtering
inference on total precipitable water measured by three different satellite
sensor systems.


title: Near-Optimal Joint Object Matching via Convex Relaxation

abstract:
  Joint matching over a collection of objects aims at aggregating information
from a large collection of similar instances (e.g. images, graphs, shapes) to
improve maps between pairs of them. Given multiple matches computed between a
few object pairs in isolation, the goal is to recover an entire collection of
maps that are (1) globally consistent, and (2) close to the provided maps ---
and under certain conditions provably the ground-truth maps. Despite recent
advances on this problem, the best-known recovery guarantees are limited to a
small constant barrier --- none of the existing methods find theoretical
support when more than $50\%$ of input correspondences are corrupted. Moreover,
prior approaches focus mostly on fully similar objects, while it is practically
more demanding to match instances that are only partially similar to each
other.
  In this paper, we develop an algorithm to jointly match multiple objects that
exhibit only partial similarities, given a few pairwise matches that are
densely corrupted. Specifically, we propose to recover the ground-truth maps
via a parameter-free convex program called MatchLift, following a spectral
method that pre-estimates the total number of distinct elements to be matched.
Encouragingly, MatchLift exhibits near-optimal error-correction ability, i.e.
in the asymptotic regime it is guaranteed to work even when a dominant fraction
$1-\Theta\left(\frac{\log^{2}n}{\sqrt{n}}\right)$ of the input maps behave like
random outliers. Furthermore, MatchLift succeeds with minimal input complexity,
namely, perfect matching can be achieved as soon as the provided maps form a
connected map graph. We evaluate the proposed algorithm on various benchmark
data sets including synthetic examples and real-world examples, all of which
confirm the practical applicability of MatchLift.

categories: cs.LG cs.CV cs.IT math.IT math.OC stat.ML


title:
Time dependent elastic response to a local shear transformation in
  amorphous solids

abstract:
  The elastic response of a two-dimensional amorphous solid to induced local
shear transformations, which mimic the elementary plastic events occurring in
deformed glasses, is investigated via Molecular Dynamics simulations. We show
that for different spatial realizations of the transformation, despite relative
fluctuations of order one, the long time equilibrium response averages out to
the prediction of the Eshelby inclusion problem for a continuum elastic medium.
We characterize the effects of the underlying dynamics on the propagation of
the elastic signal. A crossover from a propagative transmission in the case of
weakly-damped dynamics to a diffusive transmission for strong damping is
evidenced. In the latter case, the full time dependent elastic response is in
agreement with the theoretical prediction, obtained by solving the diffusion
equation for the displacement field in an elastic medium.


title: The Transport of Cosmic Rays Across Magnetic Fieldlines

abstract:
  The long residence times and small anisotropies of cosmic rays suggest that
they are well confined and well scattered by the Galactic magnetic field. Due
to the disklike shape of the confinement volume, transport in the vertical
direction, perpendicular to the mean Galactic magnetic field, is key to cosmic
ray escape. It has long been recognized that this vertical transport depends
both on the vertical component of the fieldlines themselves and on the extent
to which the cosmic rays are tied to the fieldlines. In this paper we use
magnetic fields with very simple spatial and temporal structure to isolate some
important features of cross fieldline transport. We show that even simple
magnetic nonuniformities combined with pitch angle scattering can enhance cross
fieldline transport by several orders of magnitude, while pitch angle
scattering is unnecessary for enhanced transport if the field is chaotic.
Nevertheless, perpendicular transport is much less than parallel transport in
all the cases we study. We apply the results to confinement of cosmic rays in
the Fermi Bubbles.


title: On the Predictiveness of Single-Field Inflationary Models

abstract:
  We re-examine the predictiveness of single-field inflationary models and
discuss how an unknown UV completion can complicate determining inflationary
model parameters from observations, even from precision measurements. Besides
the usual naturalness issues associated with having a shallow inflationary
potential, we describe another issue for inflation, namely, unknown UV physics
modifies the running of Standard Model (SM) parameters and thereby introduces
uncertainty into the potential inflationary predictions. We illustrate this
point using the minimal Higgs Inflationary scenario, which is arguably the most
predictive single-field model on the market, because its predictions for $A_s$,
$r$ and $n_s$ are made using only one new free parameter beyond those measured
in particle physics experiments, and run up to the inflationary regime. We find
that this issue can already have observable effects. At the same time, this
UV-parameter dependence in the Renormalization Group allows Higgs Inflation to
occur (in principle) for a slightly larger range of Higgs masses. We comment on
the origin of the various UV scales that arise at large field values for the SM
Higgs, clarifying cut off scale arguments by further developing the formalism
of a non-linear realization of $\rm SU_L(2) \times U(1)$ in curved space. We
discuss the interesting fact that, outside of Higgs Inflation, the effect of a
non-minimal coupling to gravity, even in the SM, results in a non-linear EFT
for the Higgs sector. Finally, we briefly comment on post BICEP2 attempts to
modify the Higgs Inflation scenario.


title:
Dynamics and non-equilibrium steady state in a system of coupled
  harmonic oscillators

abstract:
  A system of two coupled oscillators, each of them coupled to an independent
reservoir, is analysed. The analytical solution of the non-rotating wave master
equation is obtained in the high-temperature and weak coupling limits. No
thermal entanglement is found in the high-temperature limit. In the weak
coupling limit the system converges to an entangled non-equilibrium steady
state. A critical temperature for the appearance of quantum correlations is
found.


title:
On the $\ell$-adic Galois representations attached to nonsimple abelian
  varieties

abstract:
  We study Galois representations attached to nonsimple abelian varieties over
finitely generated fields of arbitrary characteristic. We give sufficient
conditions for such representations to decompose as a product, and apply them
to prove arithmetical analogues of results shown by Moonen and Zarhin in the
context of complex abelian varieties (of dimension at most 5).


title: The Positive orthogonal Grassmannian and loop amplitudes of ABJM

abstract:
  In this paper we study the combinatorics associated with the positive
orthogonal Grassmannian OG_k and its connection to ABJM scattering amplitudes.
We present a canonical embedding of OG_k into the Grassmannian Gr(k,2k), from
which we deduce the canonical volume form that is invariant under equivalence
moves. Remarkably the canonical forms of all reducible graphs can be converted
into irreducible ones with products of dLog forms. Unlike N=4 super Yang-Mills,
here the Jacobian plays a crucial role to ensure the dLog form of the reduced
representation. Furthermore, we identify the functional map that arises from
the triangle equivalence move as a 3-string scattering S-matrix which satisfies
the tetrahedron equations by Zamolodchikov, implying (2+1)-dimensional
integrability. We study the solution to the BCFW recursion relation for loop
amplitudes, and demonstrate the presence of all physical singularities as well
as the absence of all spurious ones. The on-shell diagram solution to the loop
recursion relation exhibits manifest two-site cyclic symmetry and reveals that,
to all loop, four and six-point amplitudes only have logarithmic singularities.


title: A Geometric Approach to the Landauer-B\"uttiker Formula

abstract:
  We consider an ideal Fermi gas confined to a geometric structure consisting
of a central region -- the sample -- connected to several infinitely extended
ends -- the reservoirs. Under physically reasonable assumptions on the
propagation properties of the one-particle dynamics within these reservoirs, we
show that the state of the Fermi gas relaxes to a steady state. We compute the
expected value of various current observables in this steady state and express
the result in terms of scattering data, thus obtaining a geometric version of
the celebrated Landauer-B\"uttiker formula.

categories: math-ph cond-mat.stat-mech math.MP quant-ph


title: Relative expanders

abstract:
  We exhibit a finitely generated group $G$ and a sequence of finite index
normal subgroups $N_n\trianglelefteq G$ such that for every finite generating
subset $S\subseteq G$, the sequence of finite Cayley graphs $(G/N_n, S)$ does
not coarsely embed into any $L^p$-space for $1\leqslant p<\infty$ (moreover,
into any uniformly curved Banach space), and yet admits no weakly embedded
expander. The reason why our examples do not coarsely embed is a new phenomenon
called relative expansion, which we define in terms of Poincar\'e inequalities.


title:
WASP-20b and WASP-28b: a hot Saturn and a hot Jupiter in near-aligned
  orbits around solar-type stars

abstract:
  We report the discovery of the planets WASP-20b and WASP-28b along with
measurements of their sky-projected orbital obliquities. WASP-20b is an
inflated, Saturn-mass planet (0.31 $M_{\rm Jup}$; 1.46 $R_{\rm Jup}$) in a
4.9-day, near-aligned ($\lambda = 8.1 \pm 3.6^\circ$) orbit around CD-24 102
($V$=10.7; F9). WASP-28b is an inflated, Jupiter-mass planet (0.91 $M_{\rm
Jup}$; 1.21 $R_{\rm Jup}$) in a 3.4-day, near-aligned ($\lambda = 8 \pm
18^\circ$) orbit around a $V$=12, F8 star. As intermediate-mass planets in
short orbits around aged, cool stars ($7^{+2}_{-1}$ Gyr for WASP-20 and
$5^{+3}_{-2}$ Gyr for WASP-28; both with $T_{\rm eff}$ < 6250 K), their orbital
alignment is consistent with the hypothesis that close-in giant planets are
scattered into eccentric orbits with random alignments, which are then
circularised and aligned with their stars' spins via tidal dissipation.


title:
Solvability conditions for indefinite linear quadratic optimal
  stochastic control problems and associated stochastic Riccati equations

abstract:
  A linear quadratic optimal stochastic control problem with random
coefficients and indefinite state/control weight costs is usually linked to an
indefinite stochastic Riccati equation (SRE) which is a matrix-valued quadratic
backward stochastic differential equation along with an algebraic constraint
involving the unknown. Either the optimal control problem or the SRE is
solvable only if the given data satisfy a certain structure condition that has
yet to be precisely defined. In this paper, by introducing a notion of
subsolution for the SRE, we derive several novel sufficient conditions for the
existence and uniqueness of the solution to the SRE and for the solvability of
the associated optimal stochastic control problem.


title: Counting Euclidean embeddings of rigid graphs

abstract:
  A graph is called (generically) rigid in $\mathbb{R}^d$ if, for any choice of
sufficiently generic edge lengths, it can be embedded in $\mathbb{R}^d$ in a
finite number of distinct ways, modulo rigid transformations. Here we deal with
the problem of determining the maximum number of planar Euclidean embeddings as
a function of the number of the vertices. We obtain polynomial systems which
totally capture the structure of a given graph, by exploiting distance geometry
theory. Consequently, counting the number of Euclidean embeddings of a given
rigid graph, reduces to the problem of counting roots of the corresponding
polynomial system.


title: Uncertainty Propagation in Elasto-Plastic Material

abstract:
  Macroscopically heterogeneous materials, characterised mostly by comparable
heterogeneity lengthscale and structural sizes, can no longer be modelled by
deterministic approach instead. It is convenient to introduce stochastic
approach with uncertain material parameters quantified as random fields and/or
random variables. The present contribution is devoted to propagation of these
uncertainties in mechanical modelling of inelastic behaviour. In such case the
Monte Carlo method is the traditional approach for solving the proposed
problem. Nevertheless, convergence rate is relatively slow, thus new methods
(e.g. stochastic Galerkin method, stochastic collocation approach, etc.) have
been recently developed to offer fast convergence for sufficiently smooth
solution in the probability space. Our goal is to accelerate the uncertainty
propagation using a polynomial chaos expansion based on stochastic collocation
method. The whole concept is demonstrated on a simple numerical example of
uniaxial test at a material point where interesting phenomena can be clearly
understood.


title: Backdraft: String Creation in an Old Schwarzschild Black Hole

abstract:
  We analyze string production in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole,
after developing first quantized methods which capture string-theoretic
nonadiabatic effects which can exceed naive extrapolations of effective field
theory. Late-time infalling observers are strongly boosted in the near horizon
region relative to early observers and formation matter. In the presence of
large boosts in flat spacetime, known string and D-brane scattering processes
exhibit enhanced string production, even for large impact parameter. This
suggests the possibility that the nonadiabatic dynamics required to realize the
firewall proposal of AMPS occurs for old black holes, with the late-time
observer catalyzing the effect. After setting up this dynamical thought
experiment, we focus on a specific case: the production of open strings
stretched D-particles, at least one of which falls in late (playing the role of
a late time observer). For relatively boosted D-branes, we precisely recover
earlier results of Bachas, McAllister and Mitra which we generalize to brane
trajectories in the black hole geometry. For two classes of late-time probes,
we find a regime of significant non-adiabaticity by horizon crossing, assessing
its dependence on the boost in each case. Closed string probes, as well as
additional effects in D-brane scattering, may produce other significant
non-adiabatic effects depending on the boost, something we leave for further
work.


title: Truncated Coherent States and Photon-addition

abstract:
  A class of states of the electromagnetic field involving superpositions of
all the excited states above a specified low energy eigenstate of the
electromagnetic field is introduced. These states and the photon-added coherent
states are shown to be the limiting cases of a generalized photon-added
coherent states. This new class of states is nonclassical, non-Gaussian and has
equal uncertainties in the field quadratures. For suitable choices of
parameters, these uncertainties are very close to those of the coherent states.
Nevertheless, these states exhibit sub-Poissonian photon number distribution,
which is a nonclassical feature. Under suitable approximations, these states
become the generalized Bernoulli states of the field. Nonclassicality of these
states is quantified using their entanglement potential.


title: Vacuum Energy, Black Holes and the Cosmological Constant

abstract:
  We consider a possibility that the formally infinite vacuum energy of the
quantized matter fields could be stored into Planck-size quantum black holes
acting as the fundamental constituents of space and time. Using the recently
proposed thermodynamical equation of state obeyed by the cosmological constant
we indicate, how this idea might explain the smallness of the cosmological
constant, if the vacuum energy is the source of the cosmological constant.


title:
Efficiency of Particle Trapping in the Outer Regions of Protoplanetary
  Disks

abstract:
  We investigate the strength of axisymmetric local pressure maxima (zonal
flows) in the outer regions of protoplanetary disks, where ambipolar diffusion
reduces turbulent stresses driven by the magnetorotational instability. Using
local numerical simulations we show that in the absence of net vertical
magnetic fields, the strength of turbulence in the ambipolar dominated region
of the disk is low and any zonal flows that are present are weak. For net
fields strong enough to yield observed protostellar accretion rates, however,
zonal flows with a density amplitude of 10-20% are formed. These strengths are
comparable to those seen in simulations of ideal MHD disk turbulence. We
investigate whether these zonal flows are able to reverse the inward radial
drift of solids, leading to prolonged and enhanced concentration as a prelude
to planetesimal formation. For commonly assumed mean surface density profiles
(surface density proportional to radius to the -1/2 power or steeper) we find
that the predicted perturbations to the background disk profile do not
correspond to local pressure maxima. This is a consequence of radial width of
the simulated zonal flows, which is larger than was assumed in prior analytic
models of particle trapping. These larger scale flows would only trap particles
for higher amplitude fluctuations than observed. We conclude that zonal flows
are likely to be present in the outer regions of protoplanetary disks and are
potentially large enough to be observable, but are unlikely to lead to strong
particle trapping.


title: Regularization of Vacuum Fluctuations and Frame Dependence

abstract:
  We discuss the regularization of vacuum fluctuations in a gravitational
background. It is shown that general covariance is broken even by a 4-momentum
cut-off, consistent with Lorentzian symmetry. It is pointed out that general
covariance is a protective symmetry for the vacuum energy from power
divergences.


title: Secular Damping of Stellar Bars in Spinning Dark Matter Halos

abstract:
  We demonstrate that growth of stellar bars in spinning dark matter halos is
heavily suppressed in the secular phase of evolution, using numerical
simulations of isolated galaxies. In a representative set of models, we show
that for values of the cosmological spin parameter lambda > 0.03, bar growth
(in strength and size) becomes increasingly quenched. Furthermore, slowdown of
bar pattern speed weakens substantially with increasing `lambda,' until it
ceases completely. The terminal structure of bars is affected as well,
including extent and shape of their boxy/peanut bulges. The essence of this
effect lies in the modified angular momentum exchange between the disk and the
halo facilitated by the bar. For the first time we have demonstrated that a
dark matter halo can emit and not purely absorb angular momentum. Although the
halo as a whole is not found to emit, the net transfer of angular momentum from
the disk to the halo is significantly reduced or completely eliminated. The
paradigm shift implies that the accepted view that disks serve as sources of
angular momentum and halos serve as sinks, must be revised. Halos with lambda >
0.03 are expected to form a substantial fraction, based on lognormal
distribution of lambda. Dependence of secular bar evolution on halo spin,
therefore, implies profound corollaries for the cosmological evolution of
galactic disks.


title:
Evidence for particle re-acceleration in the radio relic in the galaxy
  cluster PLCKG287.0 +32.9

abstract:
  Radio relics are diffuse radio sources observed in galaxy clusters, probably
produced by shock acceleration during cluster-cluster mergers. Their large
size, of the order of 1 Mpc, indicates that the emitting electrons need to be
(re)accelerated locally. The usually invoked Diffusive Shock Acceleration
models have been challenged by recent observations and theory. We report the
discovery of complex radio emission in the Galaxy cluster PLCKG287.0 +32.9,
which hosts two relics, a radio halo, and several radio filamentary emission.
Optical observations suggest that the cluster is elongated, likely along an
intergalactic filament, and displays a significant amount of substructure. The
peculiar features of this radio relic are that (i) it appears to be connected
to the lobes of a radio galaxy and (ii) the radio spectrum steepens on either
side of the radio relic. We discuss the origins of these features in the
context of particle re-acceleration.


title: The effect of AGN feedback on the halo mass function

abstract:
  [Abridged.] We investigate baryon effects on the halo mass function (HMF),
with emphasis on the role played by AGN feedback. Halos are identified with
both Friends-of-Friends (FoF) and Spherical Overdensity (SO) algorithms. We
embed the standard SO algorithm into a memory-controlled frame program and
present the {\bf P}ython spher{\bf I}c{\bf A}l {\bf O}verdensity code ---
{\small PIAO}.
  For both FoF and SO halos, the effect of AGN feedback is that of suppressing
the HMFs to a level even below that of Dark Matter simulations. The ratio
between the HMFs in the AGN and in the DM simulations is $\sim 0.8$ at
overdensity $\Delta_c=500$, a difference that increases at higher overdensity
$\Delta_c=2500$, with no significant redshift and mass dependence. A decrease
of the halo masses ratio with respect to the DM case induces the decrease of
the HMF in the AGN simulation. The shallower inner density profiles of halos in
the AGN simulation witnesses that mass reduction is induced by the sudden
displacement of gas induced by thermal AGN feedback. We provide fitting
functions to describe halo mass variations at different overdensities, which
can recover the HMFs with a residual random scatter $\lt 5$ per cent for halo
masses larger than $10^{13} ~h^{-1}{\rm M_\odot}$.


title: Jet Radiation Radius

abstract:
  Jet radiation patterns are indispensable for the purpose of discriminating
partons' with different quantum numbers. However, they are also vulnerable to
various contaminations from the underlying event, pileup, and radiation of
adjacent jets. In order to maximize the discrimination power, it is essential
to optimize the jet radius used when analyzing the radiation patterns. We
introduce the concept of jet radiation radius which quantifies how the jet
radiation is distributed around the jet axes. We study the color and momentum
dependence of the jet radiation radius, and discuss two applications:
quark-gluon discrimination and $W$ jet tagging. In both cases, smaller (sub)jet
radii are preferred for jets with higher PTs, albeit due to different
mechanisms: the running of the QCD coupling constant and the boost to a color
singlet system. A shrinking cone W jet tagging algorithm is proposed to achieve
better discrimination than previous methods.


title:
A Two-Parameter Model for the Infrared/Submillimeter/Radio Spectral
  Energy Distributions of Galaxies and AGN

abstract:
  A two-parameter semi-empirical model is presented for the spectral energy
distributions of galaxies with contributions to their
infrared-submillimeter-radio emission from both star formation and accretion
disk-powered activity. This model builds upon a previous one-parameter family
of models for star-forming galaxies, and includes an update to the mid-infrared
emission using an average template obtained from Spitzer Space Telescope
observations of normal galaxies. Star-forming/AGN diagnostics based on PAH
equivalent widths and broadband infrared colors are presented, and example
mid-infrared AGN fractional contributions are estimated from model fits to the
GOALS sample of nearby U/LIRGS and the 5MUSES sample of 24um-selected sources
at redshifts 0 < z < 2.


title:
Detection of substructure with adaptive optics integral field
  spectroscopy of the gravitational lens B1422+231

abstract:
  Strong gravitational lenses can be used to detect low mass subhalos, based on
deviations in image fluxes and positions from what can be achieved with a
smooth mass distribution. So far, this method has been limited by the small
number of (radio-loud, microlensing free) systems which can be analysed for the
presence of substructure. Using the gravitational lens B1422+231, we
demonstrate that adaptive optics integral field spectroscopy can also be used
to detect dark substructures. We analyse data obtained with OSIRIS on the Keck
I Telescope, using a Bayesian method that accounts for uncertainties relating
to the point spread function and image positions in the separate exposures. The
narrow-line [OIII] fluxes measured for the lensed images are consistent with
those measured in the radio, and show a significant deviation from what would
be expected in a smooth mass distribution, consistent with the presence of a
perturbing low mass halo. Detailed lens modelling shows that image fluxes and
positions are fit significantly better when the lens is modelled as a system
containing a single perturbing subhalo in addition to the main halo, rather
than by the main halo on its own, indicating the significant detection of
substructure.The inferred mass of the subhalo depends on the subhalo mass
density profile: the 68% confidence interval for the perturber mass within 600
pc are: 8.2$^{+0.6}_{-0.8}$, 8.2$^{+0.6}_{-1}$ and 7.6$\pm0.3$
$\log_{10}$[M$_{\rm{sub}}$/M$_\odot$] respectively for a singular isothermal
sphere, a pseudo-Jaffe, and an NFW mass profile. This method can extend the
study of flux ratio anomalies to virtually all quadruply imaged quasars, and
therefore offers great potential to improve the determination of the subhalo
mass function in the near future.


title:
UHE neutrino and cosmic ray emission from GRBs: revising the models and
  clarifying the cosmic ray-neutrino connection

abstract:
  Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have long been held as one of the most promising
sources of ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrinos. The internal shock model of GRB
emission posits the joint production of UHE cosmic ray (UHECRs, above 10^8
GeV), photons, and neutrinos, through photohadronic interactions between source
photons and magnetically-confined energetic protons, that occur when
relativistically-expanding matter shells loaded with baryons collide with one
another. While neutrino observations by IceCube have now ruled out the simplest
version of the internal shock model, we show that a revised calculation of the
emission, together with the consideration of the full photohadronic cross
section and other particle physics effects, results in a prediction of the
prompt GRB neutrino flux that still lies one order of magnitude below the
current upper bounds, as recently exemplified by the results from ANTARES. In
addition, we show that by allowing protons to directly escape their magnetic
confinement without interacting at the source, we are able to partially
decouple the cosmic ray and prompt neutrino emission, which grants the freedom
to fit the UHECR observations while respecting the neutrino upper bounds.
Finally, we briefly present advances towards pinning down the precise relation
between UHECRs and UHE neutrinos, including the baryonic loading required to
fit UHECR observations, and we will assess the role that very large volume
neutrino telescopes play in this.


title: The surprising inefficiency of dwarf satellite quenching

abstract:
  We study dwarf satellite galaxy quenching using observations from the Geha et
al. (2012) NSA/SDSS catalog together with LCDM cosmological simulations to
facilitate selection and interpretation. We show that fewer than 30% of dwarfs
(M* ~ 10^8.5-10^9.5 Msun) identified as satellites within massive host halos
(Mhost ~ 10^12.5-10^14 Msun) are quenched, in spite of the expectation from
simulations that half of them should have been accreted more than 6 Gyr ago. We
conclude that whatever the action triggering environmental quenching of dwarf
satellites, the process must be highly inefficient. We investigate a series of
simple, one-parameter quenching models in order to understand what is required
to explain the low quenched fraction and conclude that either the quenching
timescale is very long (> 9.5 Gyr, a "slow starvation" scenario) or that the
environmental trigger is not well matched to accretion within the virial
volume. We discuss these results in light of the fact that most of the low mass
dwarf satellites in the Local Group are quenched, a seeming contradiction that
could point to a characteristic mass scale for satellite quenching.


title:
The DiskMass Survey. VIII. On the Relationship Between Disk Stability
  and Star Formation

abstract:
  We study the relationship between the stability level of late-type galaxy
disks and their star-formation activity using integral-field gaseous and
stellar kinematic data. Specifically, we compare the two-component (gas+stars)
stability parameter from Romeo & Wiegert (Q_RW), incorporating stellar
kinematic data for the first time, and the star-formation rate estimated from
21cm continuum emission. We determine the stability level of each disk
probabilistically using a Bayesian analysis of our data and a simple dynamical
model. Our method incorporates the shape of the stellar velocity ellipsoid
(SVE) and yields robust SVE measurements for over 90% of our sample. Averaging
over this subsample, we find a meridional shape of sigma_z/sigma_R =
0.51^{+0.36}_{-0.25} for the SVE and, at 1.5 disk scale lengths, a stability
parameter of Q_RW = 2.0 +/- 0.9. We also find that the disk-averaged
star-formation-rate surface density (Sigma-dot_e,*) is correlated with the
disk-averaged gas and stellar mass surface densities (Sigma_e,g and Sigma_e,*)
and anti-correlated with Q_RW. We show that an anti-correlation between
Sigma-dot_e,* and Q_RW can be predicted using empirical scaling relations, such
that this outcome is consistent with well-established statistical properties of
star-forming galaxies. Interestingly, Sigma-dot_e,* is not correlated with the
gas-only or star-only Toomre parameters, demonstrating the merit of calculating
a multi-component stability parameter when comparing to star-formation
activity. Finally, our results are consistent with the Ostriker et al. model of
self-regulated star-formation, which predicts
Sigma-dot_e,*/Sigma_e,g/sqrt(Sigma_e,*). Based on this and other theoretical
expectations, we discuss the possibility of a physical link between disk
stability level and star-formation rate in light of our empirical results.


title: Co-clustering of Fuzzy Lagged Data

abstract:
  The paper focuses on mining patterns that are characterized by a fuzzy lagged
relationship between the data objects forming them. Such a regulatory mechanism
is quite common in real life settings. It appears in a variety of fields:
finance, gene expression, neuroscience, crowds and collective movements are but
a limited list of examples. Mining such patterns not only helps in
understanding the relationship between objects in the domain, but assists in
forecasting their future behavior. For most interesting variants of this
problem, finding an optimal fuzzy lagged co-cluster is an NP-complete problem.
We thus present a polynomial-time Monte-Carlo approximation algorithm for
mining fuzzy lagged co-clusters. We prove that for any data matrix, the
algorithm mines a fuzzy lagged co-cluster with fixed probability, which
encompasses the optimal fuzzy lagged co-cluster by a maximum 2 ratio columns
overhead and completely no rows overhead. Moreover, the algorithm handles
noise, anti-correlations, missing values and overlapping patterns. The
algorithm was extensively evaluated using both artificial and real datasets.
The results not only corroborate the ability of the algorithm to efficiently
mine relevant and accurate fuzzy lagged co-clusters, but also illustrate the
importance of including the fuzziness in the lagged-pattern model.


title: Thermally Assisted Current-Driven Skyrmion Motion

abstract:
  We study the behavior of skyrmions in thin films under the action of
stochastic torques arising from thermal fluctuations. We find that the Brownian
motion of skyrmions is described by a stochastic Thiele's equation and its
corresponding Fokker-Planck equation. The resulting Fokker-Planck equation is
recognized as the one for a high-friction Brownian particle which has been
studied extensively in different physical contexts. It is shown that thermal
fluctuations favor the skyrmion motion allowing a finite mobility even in
presence of pinning traps. We calculate explicitly the mobility tensor of
skyrmions in linear response to an electric current finding that it increases
with temperature.


title:
Spatial Current Patterns, Dephasing and Current Imaging in Graphene
  Nanoribbons

abstract:
  Using the non-equilibrium Keldysh Green's function formalism, we investigate
the local, non-equilibrium charge transport in graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). In
particular, we demonstrate that the spatial current patterns associated with
discrete transmission resonances sensitively depend on the GNRs' geometry,
size, and aspect ratio, the location and number of leads, and the presence of
dephasing. We identify a relation between the spatial form of the current
patterns, and the number of degenerate energy states participating in the
charge transport. Furthermore, we demonstrate a principle of superposition for
the conductance and spatial current patterns in multiple-lead configurations.
We demonstrate that scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) can be employed to
image spatial current paths in GNR with atomic resolution, providing important
insight into the form of local charge transport. Finally, we investigate the
effects of dephasing on the spatial current patterns, and show that with
decreasing dephasing time, the current patterns evolve smoothly from those of a
ballistic quantum network to those of classical resistor network.


title:
Tracking via Motion Estimation with Physically Motivated Inter-Region
  Constraints

abstract:
  In this paper, we propose a method for tracking structures (e.g., ventricles
and myocardium) in cardiac images (e.g., magnetic resonance) by propagating
forward in time a previous estimate of the structures via a new deformation
estimation scheme that is motivated by physical constraints of fluid motion.
The method employs within structure motion estimation (so that differing
motions among different structures are not mixed) while simultaneously
satisfying the physical constraint in fluid motion that at the interface
between a fluid and a medium, the normal component of the fluid's motion must
match the normal component of the motion of the medium. We show how to estimate
the motion according to the previous considerations in a variational framework,
and in particular, show that these conditions lead to PDEs with boundary
conditions at the interface that resemble Robin boundary conditions and induce
coupling between structures. We illustrate the use of this motion estimation
scheme in propagating a segmentation across frames and show that it leads to
more accurate segmentation than traditional motion estimation that does not
make use of physical constraints. Further, the method is naturally suited to
interactive segmentation methods, which are prominently used in practice in
commercial applications for cardiac analysis, where typically a segmentation
from the previous frame is used to predict a segmentation in the next frame. We
show that our propagation scheme reduces the amount of user interaction by
predicting more accurate segmentations than commonly used and recent
interactive commercial techniques.


title: On a new type of the l-adic regulator for algebraic number fields

abstract:
  For an algebraic number field K such that prime l splits completely in K we
define a regulator R(K) that characterize the subgroup of universal norms from
the cyclotomic extension of K in the completed group of S-units of K, where S
consists of all prime divisors of l. We prove that inequality R(K) not equals 0
follows from the l-adic Schanuel conjecture and holds true for some Abelian
extensions of imaginary quadratic fields.


title:
Erd\"os's Matching Conjecture and $s$-wise $t$-intersection Conjecture
  via Symmetrical Smoothing Method

abstract:
  We find the formula for the maximal cardinality of the family of $n$-tuples
from ${[n]\choose k}$ with does not have $\ell$--matching. This formula after
some analytical issues can be reduce to the Erd\"os's Matching formula. Also we
prove the conjecture about the cardinality of maximal $s$-wise $t$-intersecting
family of $k$-element subsets of $[n]$. In the proofs we use original method
which we have already used in the proof of Mikl\'os-Manikam-Singhi conjecture
in \cite{1}. We call this method Symmetrical smoothing method


title:
Non-normal numbers in dynamical systems fulfilling the specification
  property

abstract:
  In the present paper we want to focus on this dichotomy of the non-normal
numbers -- on the one hand they are a set of measure zero and on the other hand
they are residual -- for dynamical system fulfilling the specification
property. These dynamical systems are motivated by $\beta$-expansions. We
consider the limiting frequencies of digits in the words of the languagse
arising from these dynamical systems, and show that not only a typical $x$ in
the sense of Baire is non-normal, but also its Ces\`aro variants diverge.


title: New Directions in Direct Dark Matter Searches

abstract:
  I present the status of direct dark matter detection with specific attention
to the experimental results and their phenomenological interpretation in terms
of dark matter interactions. In particular I review a new and more general
approach to study signals in this field based on non-relativistic operators
which parametrize more efficiently the dark matter-nucleus interactions in
terms of a very limited number of relevant degrees of freedom. Then I list the
major experimental results, pointing out the main uncertainties that affect the
theoretical interpretation of the data. Finally, since the underlying theory
that describes both the dark matter and the standard model fields is unknown, I
address the uncertainties coming from the nature of the interaction. In
particular, the phenomenology of a class of models in which the interaction
between dark matter particles and target nuclei is of a long-range type is
discussed.


title:
Quantum key distribution for 10 Gb/s dense wavelength division
  multiplexing networks

abstract:
  We demonstrate quantum key distribution (QKD) with bidirectional 10 Gb/s
classical data channels in a single fiber using dense wavelength division
multiplexing. Record secure key rates of 2.38 Mbps and fiber distances up to 70
km are achieved. Data channels are simultaneously monitored for error-free
operation. The robustness of QKD is further demonstrated with a secure key rate
of 445 kbps over 25 km, obtained in the presence of data lasers launching
conventional 0 dBm power. We discuss the fundamental limit for the QKD
performance in the multiplexing environment.


title: Effective degrees of freedom in QCD thermodynamics

abstract:
  An effective model reproducing the equation of state of hadronic matter as
obtained in recent lattice QCD simulations and from hadron resonance gas data
is presented. The hadronic phase is described by means of an extended
Mott-Hagedorn resonance gas while the QGP phase is described by the extended
PNJL model. The dissociation of hadrons is obtained by including the state
dependent hadron resonance width. The model gives a quantitative estimate for
partial fractions of hadronic and partonic degrees of freedom above $T_c$.


title: Nonlinear fast growth of water waves under wind forcing

abstract:
  In the wind-driven wave regime, the Miles mechanism gives an estimate of the
growth rate of the waves under the effect of wind. We consider the case where
this growth rate, normalised with respect to the frequency of the carrier wave,
is of the order of the wave steepness. Using the method of multiple scales, we
calculate the terms which appear in the nonlinear Schr\"odinger (NLS) equation
in this regime of fast-growing waves. We define a coordinate transformation
which maps the forced NLS equation into the standard NLS with constant
coefficients, that has a number of known analytical soliton solutions. Among
these solutions, the Peregrine and the Akhmediev solitons show an enhancement
of both their lifetime and maximum amplitude which is in qualitative agreement
with the results of tank experiments and numerical simulations of dispersive
focusing under the action of wind.


title: Partially Dominated Splittings

abstract:
  We propose a weak form of domination, called partially dominated splitting
and the main result is that there is a partially dominated splitting over a
nonsingular compact invariant set for a flow if, and only if, the associated
linear Poincare flow has a dominated splitting


title: Principal bundles of embeddings and nonlinear Grassmannians

abstract:
  We present several principal bundles of embeddings of compact manifolds (with
or without boundary) whose base manifolds are nonlinear Grassmannians. We study
their infinite dimensional differential manifold structure in the Fr\'echet
category. This study is motivated by the occurrence of such objects in the
geometric Lagrangian formulation of free boundary continuum mechanics and in
the study of the associated infinite dimensional dual pairs structures.


title: Large deviations in the alternating mass harmonic chain

abstract:
  We extend the work of Kannan et al. and derive the cumulant generating
function for the alternating mass harmonic chain consisting of N particles and
driven by heat reservoirs. The main result is a closed expression for the
cumulant generating function in the thermodynamic large N limit. This
expression is independent of N but depends on whether the chain consists of an
even or an odd number of particles, in accordance with the results obtained by
Kannan el al. for the heat current. This result is in accordance with the
absence of local thermodynamic equilibrium in a linear system.


title:
An Anomalous Extinction Law in the Cep OB3b Young Cluster: Evidence for
  dust processing during gas dispersal

abstract:
  We determine the extinction law through Cep OB3b, a young cluster of 3000
stars undergoing gas dispersal. The extinction is measured toward 76 background
K giants identified with MMT/Hectospec spectra. Color excess ratios were
determined toward each of the giants using $V$ and $R$ photometry from the
literature, $g$,$r$,$i$ and $z$ photometry from SDSS and $J$, $H$, and $K_{s}$
photometry from 2MASS. These color excess ratios were the used to construct the
extinction law through the dusty material associated with Cep OB3b. The
extinction law through Cep OB3b is intermediate between the $R_{V} = 3.1$ and
$R_{V} = 5$ laws commonly used for the diffuse atomic ISM and dense molecular
clouds, respectively. The dependence of the extinction law on line-of-sight
$A_{V}$ is investigated and we find the extinction law becomes shallower for
regions with $A_{V} > 2.5$ magnitudes. We speculate that the intermediate dust
law results from dust processing during the dispersal of the molecular cloud by
the cluster.


title: Dictionary Learning over Distributed Models

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider learning dictionary models over a network of
agents, where each agent is only in charge of a portion of the dictionary
elements. This formulation is relevant in Big Data scenarios where large
dictionary models may be spread over different spatial locations and it is not
feasible to aggregate all dictionaries in one location due to communication and
privacy considerations. We first show that the dual function of the inference
problem is an aggregation of individual cost functions associated with
different agents, which can then be minimized efficiently by means of diffusion
strategies. The collaborative inference step generates dual variables that are
used by the agents to update their dictionaries without the need to share these
dictionaries or even the coefficient models for the training data. This is a
powerful property that leads to an effective distributed procedure for learning
dictionaries over large networks (e.g., hundreds of agents in our experiments).
Furthermore, the proposed learning strategy operates in an online manner and is
able to respond to streaming data, where each data sample is presented to the
network once.


title: A dual pair for free boundary fluids

abstract:
  We construct a dual pair associated to the Hamiltonian geometric formulation
of perfect fluids with free boundaries. This dual pair is defined on the
cotangent bundle of the space of volume preserving embeddings of a manifold
with boundary into a boundaryless manifold of the same dimension. The dual pair
properties are rigorously verified in the infinite dimensional Fr\'echet
manifold setting. It provides an example of a dual pair associated to actions
that are not completely mutually orthogonal.


title:
A single low-energy, iron-poor supernova as the source of metals in the
  star SMSS J 031300.36-670839.3

abstract:
  The element abundance ratios of four low-mass stars with extremely low
metallicities indicate that the gas out of which the stars formed was enriched
in each case by at most a few, and potentially only one low-energy, supernova.
Such supernovae yield large quantities of light elements such as carbon but
very little iron. The dominance of low-energy supernovae is surprising, because
it has been expected that the first stars were extremely massive, and that they
disintegrated in pair-instability explosions that would rapidly enrich galaxies
in iron. What has remained unclear is the yield of iron from the first
supernovae, because hitherto no star is unambiguously interpreted as
encapsulating the yield of a single supernova. Here we report the optical
spectrum of SMSS J031300.36- 670839.3, which shows no evidence of iron (with an
upper limit of 10^-7.1 times solar abundance). Based on a comparison of its
abundance pattern with those of models, we conclude that the star was seeded
with material from a single supernova with an original mass of ~60 Mo (and that
the supernova left behind a black hole). Taken together with the previously
mentioned low-metallicity stars, we conclude that low-energy supernovae were
common in the early Universe, and that such supernovae yield light element
enrichment with insignificant iron. Reduced stellar feedback both chemically
and mechanically from low-energy supernovae would have enabled first-generation
stars to form over an extended period. We speculate that such stars may perhaps
have had an important role in the epoch of cosmic reionization and the chemical
evolution of early galaxies.


title:
Alfv\'en Wave Driven High Frequency Waves in the Solar Atmosphere:
  Implications for Ion Heating

abstract:
  This work is an extension of Kaghashvili [1999] where ion-cyclotron wave
dissipation channel for Alfv\'en waves was discussed. While our earlier study
dealt with the mode coupling in the commonly discussed sense, here we study
changes in the initial waveform due to interaction of the initial driver
Alfv\'en wave and the plasma inhomogeneity, which are implicitly present in the
equations, but were not elaborated in Kaghashvili [1999]. Using a cold plasma
approximation, we show how high frequency waves (higher than the initial driver
Alfv\'en wave frequency) are generated in the inhomogeneous solar plasma flow.
The generation of the high frequency forward and backward propagating modified
fast magnetosonic/whistler waves as well as the generation of the driven
Alfv\'en waves is discussed in the solar atmosphere. The generated high
frequency waves have a shorter dissipation timescale, and they can also
resonant interact with particles using both the normal cyclotron and anomalous
cyclotron interaction channels. These waves can also be important in space,
Earths magnetosphere, the ionosphere, and laboratory plasma processes.


title: Sparsity-aware sphere decoding: Algorithms and complexity analysis

abstract:
  Integer least-squares problems, concerned with solving a system of equations
where the components of the unknown vector are integer-valued, arise in a wide
range of applications. In many scenarios the unknown vector is sparse, i.e., a
large fraction of its entries are zero. Examples include applications in
wireless communications, digital fingerprinting, and array-comparative genomic
hybridization systems. Sphere decoding, commonly used for solving integer
least-squares problems, can utilize the knowledge about sparsity of the unknown
vector to perform computationally efficient search for the solution. In this
paper, we formulate and analyze the sparsity-aware sphere decoding algorithm
that imposes $\ell_0$-norm constraint on the admissible solution. Analytical
expressions for the expected complexity of the algorithm for alphabets typical
of sparse channel estimation and source allocation applications are derived and
validated through extensive simulations. The results demonstrate superior
performance and speed of sparsity-aware sphere decoder compared to the
conventional sparsity-unaware sphere decoding algorithm. Moreover, variance of
the complexity of the sparsity-aware sphere decoding algorithm for binary
alphabets is derived. The search space of the proposed algorithm can be further
reduced by imposing lower bounds on the value of the objective function. The
algorithm is modified to allow for such a lower bounding technique and
simulations illustrating efficacy of the method are presented. Performance of
the algorithm is demonstrated in an application to sparse channel estimation,
where it is shown that sparsity-aware sphere decoder performs close to
theoretical lower limits.


title: How Pulsars Shine: Poynting Flux Annihilation

abstract:
  Recent solution of a pulsar (although likely correct, as agreeing with
phenomenology of weak pulsars without a single adjustable) is somewhat
unsatisfactory on account of being heavily numerical. Here the main features of
a pulsar -- (i) the existence of a force-free zone, (ii) bounded by a
non-force-free radiation zone, (iii) where colliding Poynting fluxes annihilate
into curvature radiation -- are reproduced as an exact solution of the same
pulsar equations but in a much simpler geometry.


title:
Measurement of the production cross sections for a Z boson and one or
  more b jets in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

abstract:
  The production of a Z boson, decaying into two leptons and produced in
association with one or more b jets, is studied using proton-proton collisions
delivered by the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The data were
recorded in 2011 with the CMS detector and correspond to an integrated
luminosity of 5 inverse femtobarns. The Z(ll) + b-jets cross sections (where ll
= mu mu or ee) are measured separately for a Z boson produced with exactly one
b jet and with at least two b jets. In addition, a cross section ratio is
extracted for a Z boson produced with at least one b jet, relative to a Z boson
produced with at least one jet. The measured cross sections are compared to
various theoretical predictions, and the data favour the predictions in the
five-flavour scheme, where b quarks are assumed massless. The kinematic
properties of the reconstructed particles are compared with the predictions
from the MADGRAPH event generator using the PYTHIA parton shower simulation.


title:
Impact of gamma-V vertex corrections on the V-P-gamma transition form
  factors

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to present an effective field theory description of
the conversion transition of the vector meson V into the pseudoscalar P and the
lepton-pair l+l-. The normalized form factor for omega to pi^0 gamma^ast
transition is presented and compared to the available data and to the
predictions of other models.


title: Programming plantation lines on driverless tractors

abstract:
  Recent advances in Agricultural Engineering include image processing,
robotics and geographic information systems (GIS). Some tasks are still
accomplished manually, like drawing plantation lines that optimize
productivity. Herewith we present an algorithm to find the optimal plantation
lines in linear time. The algorithm is based upon classical results of Geometry
which enabled a source code with only 573 lines. We have implemented it in
Matlab for sugar cane, and it can be easily adapted to other crops like coffee,
maize and soy.


title: Globally Causal Solutions for Gravitational Collapse

abstract:
  Through an illuminating thought experiment we demonstrate that the
nonsingular "continued collapse" picture of a black hole is the only consistent
and physical one. We provide a class exact solutions on the boundary of the
space of physical configurations. This will show that all the other known exact
solutions are unphysical near the surface of the event horizon or in the
interior. This will have important consequences for the no-hair conjecture and
the kinds of persistent fields that can emerge from a black hole as well as the
evolution during collisions and near grazing events. The interior of these
holes are characterized by a limiting degenerate metric and these regions tend
to well defined volumes and radii in contrast with what is inferred from
singular solutions. Surprisingly, these depend on past history and not simply
the mass or external fields of the body. It is shown that there is often a well
defined "hidden" flat background that can be used to equivalently reformulate
GR in terms of a classical nonlinear gravity field and gives local conservation
laws. This has implications for unification efforts and numerical approaches to
handle the degenerate metric regions reminiscent of the Rankine-Hugoniot
conditions. Possible consistency problems with current numerical approaches to
black hole dynamics are discussed.


title:
Quantum Memory Effects in Disordered Systems and Their Relation to 1/f
  Noise

abstract:
  We propose that memory effects in the conductivity of metallic systems can be
produced by the same two levels systems that are responsible for the 1/f noise.
Memory effects are extremely long-lived responses of the conductivity to
changes in external parameters such as density or magnetic field. Using the
quantum transport theory, we derive a universal relationship between the memory
effect and the 1/f noise. Finally, we propose a magnetic memory effect, where
the magneto-resistance is sensitive to the history of the applied magnetic
field.


title: Dual Query: Practical Private Query Release for High Dimensional Data

abstract:
  We present a practical, differentially private algorithm for answering a
large number of queries on high dimensional datasets. Like all algorithms for
this task, ours necessarily has worst-case complexity exponential in the
dimension of the data. However, our algorithm packages the computationally hard
step into a concisely defined integer program, which can be solved
non-privately using standard solvers. We prove accuracy and privacy theorems
for our algorithm, and then demonstrate experimentally that our algorithm
performs well in practice. For example, our algorithm can efficiently and
accurately answer millions of queries on the Netflix dataset, which has over
17,000 attributes; this is an improvement on the state of the art by multiple
orders of magnitude.


title:
Predicting input impedance and efficiency of graphene reconfigurable
  dipoles using a simple circuit model

abstract:
  An analytical circuit model able to predict the input impedance of
reconfigurable graphene plasmonic dipoles is presented. A suitable definition
of plasmonic characteristic impedance, employing natural currents, is used to
for consistent modeling of the antenna-load connection in the circuit. In its
purely analytical form, the model shows good agreement with full-wave
simulations, and explains the remarkable tuning properties of graphene
antennas. Furthermore, using a single full-wave simulation and scaling laws,
additional parasitic elements can be determined for a vast parametric space,
leading to very accurate modeling. Finally, we also show that the modeling
approach allows fair estimation of radiation efficiency as well. The approach
also applies to thin plasmonic antennas realized using noble metals or
semiconductors.


title: High precision measurement of the masses of the $D^0$ and $K_S$ mesons

abstract:
  Using 580 pb$^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ annihilation data taken with the CLEO--c
detector at $\psi(3770)$, the decay $D^0(\overline{D}^0)\to K^\pm\pi^\mp
\pi^+\pi^-$ has been studied to make the highest precision measurement of $D^0$
mass, $M(D^0)=1864.845\pm0.025\pm0.022\pm0.053$ MeV, where the first error is
statistical, the second error is systematic, and the third error is due to
uncertainty in kaon masses. As an intermediate step of the present
investigation the mass of the $K_S$ meson has been measured to be
$M(K_S)=497.607\pm0.007\pm0.015$ MeV. Both $M(D^0)$ and $M(K_S)$ are the most
precise single measurements of the masses of these mesons.


title: Existence results for one-dimensional fractional equations

abstract:
  In this note a critical point result for differentiable functionals is
exploited in order to prove that a suitable class of one-dimensional fractional
problems admits at least one non-trivial solution under an asymptotical
behaviour of the nonlinear datum at zero. A concrete example of an application
is then presented.


title: TDOA--based localization in two dimensions: the bifurcation curve

abstract:
  In this paper, we complete the study of the geometry of the TDOA map that
encodes the noiseless model for the localization of a source from the range
differences between three receivers in a plane, by computing the Cartesian
equation of the bifurcation curve in terms of the positions of the receivers.
From that equation, we can compute its real asymptotic lines. The present
manuscript completes the analysis of [Inverse Problems, Vol. 30, Number 3,
Pages 035004]. Our result is useful to check if a source belongs or is closed
to the bifurcation curve, where the localization in a noisy scenario is
ambiguous.


title:
Fractional Quantum Hall Effect in a Curved Space: Gravitational Anomaly
  and Electromagnetic Response

abstract:
  We develop a general method to compute correlation functions of fractional
quantum Hall (FQH) states on a curved space. In a curved space, local
transformation properties of FQH states are examined through local geometric
variations, which are essentially governed by the gravitational anomaly.
Furthermore, we show that the electromagnetic response of FQH states is related
to the gravitational response (a response to curvature). Thus, the
gravitational anomaly is also seen in the structure factor and the Hall
conductance in flat space. The method is based on iteration of a Ward identity
obtained for FQH states.

categories: cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mes-hall math-ph math.MP


title: Algebroids, Heterotic Moduli Spaces and the Strominger System

abstract:
  In this paper we study compactifications of heterotic string theory on
manifolds satisfying the ddbar-lemma. We consider the Strominger system
description of the low energy supergravity to first order in alpha' and show
that the moduli of such compactifications are subspaces of familiar cohomology
groups such as H^1(TX), H^1(TX*), H^1(End_0(V)) and H^1(End_0(TX)). These
groups encode the complex structure, Kahler moduli, bundle moduli and
perturbations of the spin connection respectively in the case of a Calabi-Yau
compactification. We investigate the fluctuations of only a subset of the
conditions of the Strominger system (expected to correspond physically to
F-term constraints in the effective theory). The full physical moduli space is,
therefore, given by a further restriction on these degrees of freedom which we
discuss but do not explicitly provide. This paper is complementary to a
previous tree-level worldsheet analysis of such moduli and agrees with that
discussion in the limit of vanishing alpha'. The structure we present can be
interpreted in terms of recent work in Atiyah and Courant algebroids, and we
conjecture links with aspects of Hitchin's generalized geometry to heterotic
moduli.


title:
Nucleotide-induced conformational motions and transmembrane gating
  dynamics in a bacterial ABC transporter

abstract:
  ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are integral membrane proteins that
mediate the exchange of diverse substrates across membranes powered by ATP
hydrolysis. We report results of coarse-grained dynamical simulations performed
for the bacterial heme transporter HmuUV. Based on the nucleotide-free
structure, we have constructed a ligand-elastic-network description for this
protein and investigated ATP-induced conformational motions in structurally
resolved computer experiments. As we found, interactions with nucleotides
resulted in generic motions which are functional and robust. Upon binding of
ATP-mimicking ligands the structure changed from a conformation in which the
nucleotide-binding domains formed an open shape, to a conformation in which
they were found in tight contact and the transmembrane domains were rotated.
The heme channel was broadened in the ligand-bound complex and the gate to the
cytoplasm, which was closed in the nucleotide-free conformation, was rendered
open by a mechanism that involved tilting motions of essential transmembrane
helices. Based on our findings we propose that the HmuUV transporter behaves
like a `simple' mechanical device in which, induced by binding of ATP ligands,
linear motions of the nucleotide-binding domains are translated into rotational
motions and internal tilting dynamics of the transmembrane domains that control
gating inside the heme pathway.


title: Constraining a possible variation of G with Type Ia supernovae

abstract:
  Astrophysical cosmology constrains the variation of Newton's Constant in a
manner complementary to laboratory experiments, such as the celebrated lunar
laser ranging campaign. Supernova cosmology is an example of the former and has
attained campaign status, following planning by a Dark Energy Task Force in
2005. In this paper we employ the full SNIa dataset to the end of 2013 to set a
limit on G variation. In our approach we adopt the standard candle delineation
of the redshift distance relation. We set an upper limit on its rate of change
|G dot / G| of 0.1 parts per billion per year over 9 Gyrs. By contrast lunar
laser ranging tests variation of G over the last few decades. Conversely, one
may adopt the laboratory result as a prior and constrain the effect of variable
G in dark energy equation of state experiments to delta w < 0.02. We also
examine the parameterization G ~ 1 + z. Its short expansion age conflicts with
the measured values of the expansion rate and the density in a flat Universe.
In conclusion, supernova cosmology complements other experiments in limiting G
variation. An important caveat is that it rests on the assumption that the same
mass of 56Ni is burned to create the standard candle regardless of redshift.
These two quantities, f and G, where f is the Chandrasekhar mass fraction
burned, are degenerate. Constraining f variation alone requires more
understanding of the SNIa mechanism.


title: PUC-Logic

abstract:
  We present a logic for Proximity-based Understanding of Conditionals
(PUC-Logic) that unifies the Counterfactual and Deontic logics proposed by
David Lewis. We also propose a natural deduction system (PUC-ND) associated to
this new logic. This inference system is proven to be sound, complete,
normalizing and decidable. The relative completeness for the $\boldsymbol{V}$
and $\boldsymbol{CO}$ logics is shown to emphasize the unified approach over
the work of Lewis.


title:
A new approach in the detection of weak {\gamma}-ray peak of the
  radioactive waste in tomography {\gamma} scanning

abstract:
  We demonstrate a new approach to efficiently detect weak {\gamma}-ray peak of
the radioactive waste in tomographic {\gamma} scanning (TGS). In the TGS
measurement, {\gamma}-ray peak identification is usually difficult due to the
short measurement time that results in a lower {\gamma}-ray energy produced by
the decay. Consequently, the resulting significant scattering in the low-energy
side leads to strong statistical fluctuations and low detection efficiency that
overwhelm the {\gamma}-ray peak. Here, we propose the use of shift invariance
wavelet algorithm for low-energy part of the spectrum for weak {\gamma}-ray
peak smoothing. The proposed algorithm not only overcomes the pseudo-Gibbs in
the high-resolution {\gamma}-ray spectrum de-noising by the traditional wavelet
transform, but also keeps quality of the weak {\gamma}-ray characteristic peak
as well. Our new approach shows a significantly improved performance of the
figure of merit (FOM) together with lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) compared
with the traditional wavelet transform. These results indicate the significant
potential of our approach that could effectively increase the accuracy of weak
{\gamma}-ray detecting activation analysis in TGS.


abstract:
  General rogue waves in the focusing and defocusing Ablowitz-Ladik equations
are derived by the bilinear method. In the focusing case, it is shown that
rogue waves are always bounded. In addition, fundamental rogue waves reach peak
amplitudes which are at least three times that of the constant background, and
higher-order rogue waves can exhibit patterns such as triads and circular
arrays with different individual peaks. In the defocusing case, it is shown
that rogue waves also exist. In addition, these waves can blow up to infinity
in finite time.


title:
High-Resolution Submillimeter and Near-Infrared Studies of the
  Transition Disk around Sz 91

abstract:
  To reveal the structures of a transition disk around a young stellar object
in Lupus, Sz 91, we have performed aperture synthesis 345 GHz continuum and
CO(3--2) observations with the Submillimeter Array ($\sim1\arcsec$--3$\arcsec$
resolution), and high-resolution imaging of polarized intensity at the
$K_s$-band by using the HiCIAO instrument on the Subaru Telescope ($0\farcs25$
resolution). Our observations successfully resolved the inner and outer radii
of the dust disk to be 65 AU and 170 AU, respectively, which indicates that Sz
91 is a transition disk source with one of the largest known inner holes. The
model fitting analysis of the spectral energy distribution reveals an H$_2$
mass of $2.4\times10^{-3}$ $M_\sun$ in the cold ($T<$30 K) outer part at
$65<r<170$ AU by assuming a canonical gas-to-dust mass ratio of 100, although a
small amount ($>3\times10^{-9}$ $M_\sun$) of hot ($T\sim$180 K) dust possibly
remains inside the inner hole of the disk. The structure of the hot component
could be interpreted as either an unresolved self-luminous companion body (not
directly detected in our observations) or a narrow ring inside the inner hole.
Significant CO(3--2) emission with a velocity gradient along the major axis of
the dust disk is concentrated on the Sz 91 position, suggesting a rotating gas
disk with a radius of 420 AU. The Sz 91 disk is possibly a rare disk in an
evolutionary stage immediately after the formation of protoplanets because of
the large inner hole and the lower disk mass than other transition disks
studied thus far.


title:
Collective modes of a one-dimensional trapped atomic Bose gas at finite
  temperatures

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate collective modes of a one-dimensional (1D)
interacting Bose gas in harmonic traps at finite temperatures, by using a
variational approach and local density approximation. We find that the
temperature dependence of collective mode frequencies is notably different in
the weakly and strongly interacting regimes. Therefore, the experimental
measurement of collective modes could provide a sensitive probe for different
quantum phases of a 1D trapped Bose gas, realized by tuning the interatomic
interaction strength and temperature. Our prediction on the temperature
dependence of the breathing mode frequency is in good qualitative agreement
with an earlier experimental measurement for a weakly interacting 1D Bose gas
of rubidium-87 atoms in harmonic traps [Moritz et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91,
250402 (2003)].


title:
Enumerating exceptional collections of line bundles on some surfaces of
  general type

abstract:
  We use constructions of surfaces as abelian covers to write down exceptional
collections of line bundles of maximal length for every surface $X$ in certain
families of surfaces of general type with $p_g=0$ and $K_X^2=3,4,5,6,8$. We
also compute the algebra of derived endomorphisms for an appropriately chosen
exceptional collection, and the Hochschild cohomology of the corresponding
quasiphantom category. As a consequence, we see that the subcategory generated
by the exceptional collection does not vary in the family of surfaces. Finally,
we describe the semigroup of effective divisors on each surface, answering a
question of Alexeev.


title:
Analytical studies on the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect in the cluster of
  galaxies for three Lorentz frames II: single integral formula

abstract:
  We study the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect for clusters of galaxies. The Boltzmann
equations for the cosmic microwave background photon distribution function are
studied in three Lorentz frames. We extend the previous work and derive
analytic expressions for the integrated photon redistribution functions over
the photon frequency. We also derive analytic expressions in the power series
expansion approximation. By combining two formulas, we offer a simple and
accurate tool to analyse observation data. These formulas are applicable to the
non-thermal electron distributions as well as the standard thermal
distribution. The Boltzmann equation is reduced to a single integral form of
the electron velocity.