title:
Entropy and Convexity for Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations:
  Introduction

abstract:
  Partial differential equations are ubiquitous in almost all applications of
mathematics, where they provide a natural mathematical description of many
phenomena involving change in physical, chemical, biological, and social
processes. The concept of entropy originated in thermodynamics and statistical
physics during the 19th century to describe the heat exchanges that occur in
the thermal processes in a thermodynamic system, while the original notion of
convexity is for sets and functions in mathematics. Since then, entropy and
convexity have become two of the most important concepts in mathematics. In
particular, nonlinear methods via entropy and convexity have been playing an
increasingly important role in the analysis of nonlinear partial differential
equations in recent decades. This opening article of the theme issue is
intended to provide an introduction to entropy, convexity, and related
nonlinear methods for the analysis of nonlinear partial differential equations.
We also provide a brief discussion about the content and contributions of the
papers that make up this theme issue.


title: Electroweak boson production in heavy-ion collisions with CMS

abstract:
  The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is fully equipped to measure leptonic decays
of electroweak probes in the high multiplicity environment of nucleus-nucleus
collisions. Electroweak boson production is an important benchmark process at
hadron colliders. Precise measurements of W and Z production in heavy-ion
collisions can help to constrain nuclear PDFs as well as serve as a standard
candle of the initial state in PbPb collisions at the LHC energies. The
inclusive and differential measurements of the Z boson yield in the muon and
electron decay channel will be presented, establishing that no modification is
observed with respect to pp collisions, scaled by the number of incoherent
nucleon-nucleon collisions.


title: Arithmetic, zeros, and nodal domains on the sphere

abstract:
  We obtain lower bounds for the number of nodal domains of Hecke
eigenfunctions on the sphere. Assuming the generalized Lindelof hypothesis we
prove that the number of nodal domains of any Hecke eigenfunction grows with
the eigenvalue of the Laplacian. By a very different method, we show
unconditionally that the average number of nodal domains of degree l Hecke
eigenfunctions grows significantly faster than the uniform growth obtained
under Lindelof.


title:
A quantum evolution problem in the regime of quantum wells in a
  semiclassical island with artificial interface conditions

abstract:
  We introduce a modified Schr\"odinger operator where the semiclassical
Laplacian is perturbed by artificial interface conditions occurring at the
boundaries of the potential's support. The corresponding dynamics is analysed
in the regime of quantum wells in a semiclassical island. Under a suitable
energy constraint for the initial states, we show that the time propagator is
stable w.r.t. the non-selfadjont perturbation, provided that this is
parametrized through infinitesimal functions of the semiclassical parameter
'h'. It has been recently shown that h-dependent artificial interface
conditions allow a new approach to the adiabatic evolution problem for the
shape resonances in models of resonant heterostructures. Our aim is to provide
with a rigorous justification of this method.


title: On mixed multiplicities of ideals

abstract:
  Let R be the local ring of a point on a variety X over an algebraically
closed field k. We make a connection between the notion of mixed (Samuel)
multiplicity of m-primary ideals in R and intersection theory of subspaces of
rational functions on X which deals with the number of solutions of systems of
equations. From this we readily deduce several properties of mixed
multiplicities. In particular, we prove a (reverse) Alexandrov-Fenchel
inequality for mixed multiplicities due to Teissier and Rees-Sharp. As an
application in convex geometry we obtain a proof of a (reverse)
Alexandrov-Fenchel inequality for covolumes of convex bodies inscribed in a
convex cone.


title: On Szpiro's Discriminant Conjecture

abstract:
  We consider generalizations of Szpiro's classical discriminant conjecture to
hyperelliptic curves over a number field $K$, and to smooth, projective and
geometrically connected curves $X$ over $K$ of genus at least one. The main
results give effective exponential versions of the generalized conjectures for
some curves, including all curves $X$ of genus one or two. We obtain in
particular exponential versions of Szpiro's classical discriminant conjecture
for elliptic curves over $K$. In course of our proofs we establish explicit
results for certain Arakelov invariants of hyperelliptic curves (e.g. Faltings'
delta invariant) which are of independent interest. The proofs use the theory
of logarithmic forms and Arakelov theory for arithmetic surfaces.


title:
Toward a Formal Model of the Shifting Relationship between Concepts and
  Contexts during Associative Thought

abstract:
  The quantum inspired State Context Property (SCOP) theory of concepts is
unique amongst theories of concepts in offering a means of incorporating that
for each concept in each different context there are an unlimited number of
exemplars, or states, of varying degrees of typicality. Working with data from
a study in which participants were asked to rate the typicality of exemplars of
a concept for different contexts, and introducing an exemplar typicality
threshold, we built a SCOP model of how states of a concept arise differently
in associative versus analytic (or divergent and convergent) modes of thought.
Introducing measures of state robustness and context relevance, we show that by
varying the threshold, the relevance of different contexts changes, and
seemingly atypical states can become typical. The formalism provides a pivotal
step toward a formal explanation of creative thought proesses.


title: Log-Concavity of the Partition Function

abstract:
  We prove that the partition function $p(n)$ is log-concave for all $n>25$. We
then extend the results to resolve two related conjectures by Chen. The proofs
are based on Lehmer's estimates on the remainders of the Hardy--Ramanujan and
the Rademacher series for $p(n)$.


title: The Blue Box White Paper

abstract:
  This white paper is an explanation of Ben and Dave's TARDIS time machine,
written for laypeople who are interested in time travel, but have no technical
knowledge of Einstein's Theory of General Relativity.
  The first part of this paper is an introduction to the pertinent ideas from
Einstein's theory of curved spacetime, followed by a review of other popular
time machine spacetimes. We begin with an introduction to curvature and
lightcones. We then explain the Alcubierre Warp Drive, the Morris-Thorne
wormhole, and the Tipler cylinder.
  We then describe the Traversable Achronal Retrograde Domain in Spacetime
(TARDIS), and explain some of its general properties. Our TARDIS is a bubble of
spacetime curvature which travels along a closed loop in space and time. A
person travelling within the bubble will feel a constant acceleration. A person
outside of the TARDIS will see two bubbles: one which is evolving forwards in
time, and one which is evolving backwards in time. We then discuss the physical
limitations which may prevent us from ever constructing a TARDIS.
  Finally, we discuss the method through which a TARDIS can be used to travel
between arbitrary points in space and time, and the possible dangers involved
with exiting a TARDIS from the wrong side.
  Before we begin, would you like a Jelly Baby?


title:
Polarization of Koszul cycles with applications to powers of edge ideals
  of whisker graphs

abstract:
  In this paper, we introduced the polarization of Koszul cycles and use it to
study the depth function of powers of edge ideals of whisker graphs.


title: Traversable Achronal Retrograde Domains In Spacetime

abstract:
  There are many spacetime geometries in general relativity which contain
closed timelike curves. A layperson might say that retrograde time travel is
possible in such spacetimes. To date no one has discovered a spacetime geometry
which emulates what a layperson would describe as a time machine.
  The purpose of this paper is to propose such a space-time geometry. In our
geometry, a bubble of curvature travels along a closed trajectory. The inside
of the bubble is Rindler spacetime, and the exterior is Minkowski spacetime.
Accelerating observers inside of the bubble travel along closed timelike
curves. The walls of the bubble are generated with matter which violates the
classical energy conditions. We refer to such a bubble as a Traversable
Achronal Retrograde Domain In Spacetime.


title:
A local support theorem for the radiation fields on asymptotically
  Euclidean manifolds

abstract:
  We prove a local support theorem for the radiation fields on asymptotically
Euclidean manifolds that partly generalizes the local support theorem for the
Radon transform.


title: An Earth-sized planet with an Earth-like density

abstract:
  Kepler-78 (KIC 8435766) was identified by Sanchis-Ojeda et al. (2013) as
harbouring a transiting planet of 1.16 times the size of the Earth and an
orbital period of only 8.5 hours. While the exquisite Kepler photometry was
able to determine its radius and period, the mass of the planet (and thus its
mean density) remained unconstrained in the absence of precise radial-velocity
measurements. Here we present an accurate mass measurement of Kepler-78b using
the HARPS-N spectrograph, recently installed on the Telescopio Nazionale
Galileo (INAF) at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, La Palma, Spain.
These new data yield a mass of 1.86 Earth masses. The resulting mean density of
the planet is 5.57 grams per cubic centimetre, which is similar to that of the
Earth and implies a composition of iron and rock. Kepler-78b, which orbits a
Sun-like star called Kepler 78 located in the Cygnus constellation at a
distance of about 400 light years from us, is now the smallest exoplanet for
which both the mass and radius are known accurately.


title: A Rocky Composition for an Earth-sized Exoplanet

abstract:
  Planets with sizes between that of Earth (with radius R$_\oplus$) and Neptune
(about 4 R$_\oplus$) are now known to be common around Sun-like stars. Most
such planets have been discovered through the transit technique, by which the
planet's size can be determined from the fraction of starlight blocked by the
planet as it passes in front of its star. Measuring the planet's mass-and hence
its density, which is a clue to its composition-is more difficult. Planets of
size 2-4 R$_\oplus$ have proven to have a wide range of densities, implying a
diversity of compositions, but these measurements did not extend down to
planets as small as Earth. Here we report Doppler spectroscopic measurements of
the mass of the Earth-sized planet Kepler-78b, which orbits its host star every
8.5 hours. Given a radius of 1.20 $\pm$ 0.09 R$_\oplus$ and mass of 1.69 $\pm$
0.41 M$_\oplus$, the planet's mean density of 5.3 $\pm$ 1.8 g cm$^{-3}$ is
similar to the Earth's, suggesting a composition of rock and iron.


title:
An HMM-based Comparative Genomic Framework for Detecting Introgression
  in Eukaryotes

abstract:
  One outcome of interspecific hybridization and subsequent effects of
evolutionary forces is introgression, which is the integration of genetic
material from one species into the genome of an individual in another species.
The evolution of several groups of eukaryotic species has involved
hybridization, and cases of adaptation through introgression have been already
established. In this work, we report on a new comparative genomic framework for
detecting introgression in genomes, called PhyloNet-HMM, which combines
phylogenetic networks, that capture reticulate evolutionary relationships among
genomes, with hidden Markov models (HMMs), that capture dependencies within
genomes. A novel aspect of our work is that it also accounts for incomplete
lineage sorting and dependence across loci.
  Application of our model to variation data from chromosome 7 in the mouse
(Mus musculus domesticus) genome detects a recently reported adaptive
introgression event involving the rodent poison resistance gene Vkorc1, in
addition to other newly detected introgression regions. Based on our analysis,
it is estimated that about 12% of all sites withinchromosome 7 are of
introgressive origin (these cover about 18 Mbp of chromosome 7, and over 300
genes). Further, our model detects no introgression in two negative control
data sets. Our work provides a powerful framework for systematic analysis of
introgression while simultaneously accounting for dependence across sites,
point mutations, recombination, and ancestral polymorphism.


title:
Comparison of classical and quantal calculations of helium three-body
  recombination

abstract:
  A general method to study classical scattering in $n$-dimension is developed.
Through classical trajectory calculations, the three-body recombination is
computed as a function of the collision energy for helium atoms, as an example.
Quantum calculations are also performed for the $J^{\Pi}$ = $0^{+}$ symmetry of
the three-body recombination rate in order to compare with the classical
results, yielding good agreement for $E\gtrsim$ 1 K. The classical threshold
law is derived and numerically confirmed for the Newtonian three-body
recombination rate. Finally, a relationship is found between the quantum and
classical three-body hard hypersphere elastic cross sections which is analogous
to the well-known shadow scattering in two-body collisions.


title:
Learning Sparsely Used Overcomplete Dictionaries via Alternating
  Minimization

abstract:
  We consider the problem of sparse coding, where each sample consists of a
sparse linear combination of a set of dictionary atoms, and the task is to
learn both the dictionary elements and the mixing coefficients. Alternating
minimization is a popular heuristic for sparse coding, where the dictionary and
the coefficients are estimated in alternate steps, keeping the other fixed.
Typically, the coefficients are estimated via $\ell_1$ minimization, keeping
the dictionary fixed, and the dictionary is estimated through least squares,
keeping the coefficients fixed. In this paper, we establish local linear
convergence for this variant of alternating minimization and establish that the
basin of attraction for the global optimum (corresponding to the true
dictionary and the coefficients) is $\order{1/s^2}$, where $s$ is the sparsity
level in each sample and the dictionary satisfies RIP. Combined with the recent
results of approximate dictionary estimation, this yields provable guarantees
for exact recovery of both the dictionary elements and the coefficients, when
the dictionary elements are incoherent.


title: Eigenvalues homogenization for the fractional $p-$Laplacian operator

abstract:
  In this work we study the homogenization for eigenvalues of the fractional
$p-$Laplace in a bounded domain both with Dirichlet and Neumann conditions. We
obtain the convergence of eigenvalues and the explicit order of the convergence
rates.


title: $(K,N)$-convexity and the curvature-dimension condition for negative $N$

abstract:
  We extend the range of $N$ to negative values in the $(K,N)$-convexity (in
the sense of Erbar--Kuwada--Sturm), the weighted Ricci curvature $Ric_N$ and
the curvature-dimension condition $CD(K,N)$. We generalize a number of results
in the case of $N>0$ to this setting, including Bochner's inequality, the
Brunn--Minkowski inequality and the equivalence between $Ric_N \ge K$ and
$CD(K,N)$. We also show an expansion bound for gradient flows of Lipschitz
$(K,N)$-convex functions.


title:
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Novel Word Detection in
  Separable Topic Models

abstract:
  The simplicial condition and other stronger conditions that imply it have
recently played a central role in developing polynomial time algorithms with
provable asymptotic consistency and sample complexity guarantees for topic
estimation in separable topic models. Of these algorithms, those that rely
solely on the simplicial condition are impractical while the practical ones
need stronger conditions. In this paper, we demonstrate, for the first time,
that the simplicial condition is a fundamental, algorithm-independent,
information-theoretic necessary condition for consistent separable topic
estimation. Furthermore, under solely the simplicial condition, we present a
practical quadratic-complexity algorithm based on random projections which
consistently detects all novel words of all topics using only up to
second-order empirical word moments. This algorithm is amenable to distributed
implementation making it attractive for 'big-data' scenarios involving a
network of large distributed databases.


title:
The Finite-time Ruin Probabilities of a Bidimensional risk model with
  Constant Interest Force and correlated Brownian Motions

abstract:
  We follow some recent works to study bidimensional perturbed compound Poisson
risk models with constant interest force and correlated Brownian Motions.
Several asymptotic formulae for three different type of ruin probabilities over
a finite-time horizon are established.
  Our approach appeals directly to very recent developments in the ruin theory
in the presence of heavy tails of unidimensional risk models and the dependence
theory of stochastic processes and random vectors.


title: Spin torque ferromagnetic resonance with magnetic field modulation

abstract:
  We demonstrate a technique of broadband spin torque ferromagnetic resonance
(ST-FMR) with magnetic field modulation for measurements of spin wave
properties in magnetic nanostructures. This technique gives great improvement
in sensitivity over the conventional ST-FMR measurements, and application of
this technique to nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) reveals a rich
spectrum of standing spin wave eigenmodes. Comparison of the ST-FMR
measurements with micromagnetic simulations of the spin wave spectrum allows us
to explain the character of low-frequency magnetic excitations in nanoscale
MTJs.


title: Exponential Convergence of Non-Linear Monotone SPDEs

abstract:
  For a Markov semigroup $P_t$ with invariant probability measure $\mu$, a
constant $\ll>0$ is called a lower bound of the ultra-exponential convergence
rate of $P_t$ to $\mu$, if there exists a constant $C\in (0,\infty)$ such that
$$ \sup_{\mu(f^2)\le 1}\|P_tf-\mu(f)\|_\infty \le C \e^{-\ll t},\ \ t\ge 1.$$
By using the coupling by change of measure in the line of [F.-Y. Wang, Ann.
Probab. 35(2007), 1333--1350], explicit lower bounds of the ultra-exponential
convergence rate are derived for a class of non-linear monotone stochastic
partial differential equations. The main result is illustrated by the
stochastic porous medium equation and the stochastic $p$-Laplace equation
respectively. Finally, the $V$-uniformly exponential convergence is
investigated for stochastic fast-diffusion equations.


title: Ice Shelves as Floating Channel Flows of Viscous Power-Law Fluids

abstract:
  We explain the force balance in flowing marine ice sheets and the ice shelves
they often feed. Treating ice as a viscous shear-thinning power law fluid, we
develop an asymptotic (late-time) theory in two cases $-$ the presence or
absence of contact with sidewalls. The solution without sidewalls is a simple
generalisation of that found by Robison (JFM, 648, 363), allowing us to obtain
the equilibrium grounding line thickness using a simple computer model and to
get an analytic approximation. For laterally confined shelves, we obtain an
asymptotic theory valid for long shelves and define when this is. Our theory is
based on the velocity profile across the channel being a generalised version of
Poiseuille flow, which works when lateral shear dominates the force balance.
  We conducted experiments using a laboratory model for ice. This was an
aqueous suspension of $0.5\%$ mass concentration xanthan, yielding $n \approx
3.8$ (similar to ice). Our theories agreed extremely well with our experiments
for all relevant parameters (front position, thickness profile, lateral
velocity profile, longitudinal velocity gradient and grounding line thickness).
This strongly suggests that we have understood the dominant force balance in
both types of ice shelf.
  In the real world, ice tongues are unlikely to rapidly disintegrate but can
be shortened until they no longer exist, at which point the sheet becomes
unstable and ultimately the grounding line should retreat above sea level.
Prior to that point, the flow of ice into it should not be speeded up and the
grounding line should also not retreat, assuming that only oceanic conditions
change. However, laterally confined ice shelves experience significant
buttressing. If removed, this leads to a rapid speedup of the sheet and a much
smaller equilibrium grounding line thickness. Something similar may have
occurred to the Larsen B ice shelf.


title: Event horizons and holography

abstract:
  We consider the microcanonical ensemble of black holes in gravitational
theories in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime with a conformal field
theory dual. We argue that typical quantum black hole states show no violations
of general covariance on the horizon.


title:
Ground state uniqueness of the twelve site RVB spin-liquid parent
  Hamiltonian on the kagome lattice

abstract:
  Anderson's idea of a (short-ranged) resonating valence bond (RVB) spin liquid
has been the first ever proposal of what we now call a topologically ordered
phase. Since then, a wealth of exactly solvable lattice models have been
constructed that have topologically ordered ground states. For a long time,
however, it has been difficult to realize Anderson's original vision in such
solvable models, according to which the ground state has an unbroken SU(2) spin
rotational symmetry and is dominated by fluctuation of singlet bonds. The
kagome lattice is the simplest lattice geometry for which parent Hamiltonians
stabilizing a prototypical spin-1/2 short-ranged RVB wave function has been
constructed and strong evidence has been given that this state belongs to a
topological phase. The uniqueness of the desired RVB-type ground states has,
however, not been rigorously proven for the simplest possible such Hamiltonian,
which acts on 12 spins at a time. Rather, this uniqueness has been demonstrated
for a longer ranged (19-site) variant of this Hamiltonian by Schuch et al., via
making contact with powerful results for projected entangled-pair states. In
this paper, we extend this result to the 12-site Hamiltonian. Our result is
based on numerical studies on finite clusters, for which we demonstrate a
"ground state intersection property" with implications for arbitrary system
size. We also review the relations between various constructions schemes for
RVB parent-Hamiltonians found in the literature.


title:
A computational method to extract macroscopic variables and their
  dynamics in multiscale systems

abstract:
  This paper introduces coordinate-independent methods for analysing multiscale
dynamical systems using numerical techniques based on the transfer operator and
its adjoint. In particular, we present a method for testing whether an
arbitrary dynamical system exhibits multiscale behaviour and for estimating the
time-scale separation. For systems with such behaviour, we establish techniques
for analysing the fast dynamics in isolation, extracting slow variables for the
system, and accurately simulating these slow variables at a large time step. We
illustrate our method with numerical examples and show how the reduced slow
dynamics faithfully represents statistical features of the full dynamics which
are not coordinate dependent.


title:
Multi-phase semicrystalline microstructures drive exciton dissociation
  in neat plastic semiconductors

abstract:
  The optoelectronic properties of macromolecular semiconductors depend
fundamentally on their solid-state microstructure. For example, the
molecular-weight distribution influences polymeric- semiconductor properties
via diverse microstructures; polymers of low weight-average molecular weight
(Mw) form unconnected, extended-chain crystals, usually of a paraffinic
structure. Because of the non-entangled nature of the relatively short-chain
macromolecules, this leads to a polycrystalline, one-phase morphology. In
contrast, with high-Mw materials, where average chain lengths are longer than
the length between entanglements, two-phase morphologies, comprised of
crystalline moieties embedded in largely unordered (amorphous) regions, are
obtained. We investigate charge photogeneration processes in neat regioregular
poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) of varying Mw by means of time-resolved
photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. At 10 K, PL originating from recombination
of long-lived charge pairs decays over microsecond timescales. Both the
amplitude and decay rate distribution depend strongly on Mw. In films with
dominant one-phase chain-extended microstructures, the delayed PL is suppressed
as a result of a diminished yield of photoinduced charges, and its decay is
significantly faster than in two-phase microstructures. However, independent of
Mw, charge recombination regenerates singlet excitons in torsionally disordered
chains forming more strongly coupled photophysical aggregates than those in the
steady-state ensemble, with delayed PL lineshape reminiscent of that in
paraffinic morphologies at steady state. We conclude that highly delocalized
excitons in disordered regions between crystalline and amorphous phases
dissociate extrinsically with yield and spatial distribution that depend
intimately upon microstructure.


title:
Hawking radiation via tachyon condensation and its implications to
  tachyon cosmology

abstract:
  Hawking radiation can be derived from the collapsing process of matter to
form a black hole. In this work, we show in more detail that the freely
infalling process of a probe (D-)particle (or point-like object) in a
non-extreme black hole background is essentially a tachyon condensation
process. That is, a probe D-particle will behave as an unstable D-particle in
the near-horizon region of a non-extreme black hole. From this point of view,
Hawking radiation can be viewed as the thermal radiation from rolling tachyon
on an unstable D-particle (i.e., the infalling probe) at the Hagedorn
temperature. The result has interesting implications to tachyon cosmology: the
uniform tachyon rolling in cosmology can automatically create particle pairs at
late times, via a mechanism just like the Hawking radiation process near a
black hole. So this particle creation process can naturally give rise to a hot
universe with thermal perturbations beyond tachyon inflation, providing an
alternative reheating mechanism.


title: Online Ensemble Learning for Imbalanced Data Streams

abstract:
  While both cost-sensitive learning and online learning have been studied
extensively, the effort in simultaneously dealing with these two issues is
limited. Aiming at this challenge task, a novel learning framework is proposed
in this paper. The key idea is based on the fusion of online ensemble
algorithms and the state of the art batch mode cost-sensitive bagging/boosting
algorithms. Within this framework, two separately developed research areas are
bridged together, and a batch of theoretically sound online cost-sensitive
bagging and online cost-sensitive boosting algorithms are first proposed.
Unlike other online cost-sensitive learning algorithms lacking theoretical
analysis of asymptotic properties, the convergence of the proposed algorithms
is guaranteed under certain conditions, and the experimental evidence with
benchmark data sets also validates the effectiveness and efficiency of the
proposed methods.


title: Unramified Brauer classes on cyclic covers of the projective plane

abstract:
  Let X --> P^2 be a p-cyclic cover branched over a smooth, connected curve C
of degree divisible by p, defined over a separably closed field of prime-to-p
characteristic. We show that all (unramified) p-torsion Brauer classes on X
that are fixed by Aut(X/P^2) arise as pullbacks of certain Brauer classes on
k(P^2) that are unramified away from C and a fixed line L. We completely
characterize these Brauer classes on k(P^2) and relate the kernel of the
pullback map to the Picard group of X.
  If p = 2, we give a second construction, which works over any base field of
characteristic not 2, that uses Clifford algebras arising from symmetric
resolutions of line bundles on C to yield Azumaya representatives for the
2-torision Brauer classes on X. We show that, when p=2 and sqrt{-1} is in our
base field, both constructions give the same result.


title: Heavy quark potential at finite imaginary chemical potential

abstract:
  We investigate chemical-potential ($\mu$) dependence of the static-quark free
energies in both the real and imaginary $\mu$ regions, using the
clover-improved two-flavor Wilson fermion action and the renormalization-group
improved Iwasaki gauge action. Static-quark potentials are evaluated from
Polyakov-loop correlators in the deconfinement phase and the imaginary
$\mu=i\mu_{\rm I}$ region and extrapolated to the real $\mu$ region with
analytic continuation. As the analytic continuation, the potential calculated
at imaginary $\mu=i\mu_{\rm I}$ is expanded into a Taylor-expansion series of
$i\mu_{\rm I}/T$ up to 4th order and the pure imaginary variable $i\mu_{\rm
I}/T$ is replaced by the real one $\mu_{\rm R}/T$. At real $\mu$, the 4th-order
term weakens $\mu$ dependence of the potential sizably. Also, the color-Debye
screening mass is extracted from the color-singlet potential at imaginary
$\mu$, and the mass is extrapolated to real $\mu$ by analytic continuation. The
screening mass thus obtained has stronger $\mu$ dependence than the prediction
of the leading-order thermal perturbation theory at both real and imaginary
$\mu$.


title:
Integrable probability: From representation theory to Macdonald
  processes

abstract:
  These are lecture notes for a mini-course given at the Cornell Probability
Summer School in July 2013. Topics include lozenge tilings of polygons and
their representation theoretic interpretation, the (q,t)-deformation of those
leading to the Macdonald processes, nearest neighbor dynamics on Macdonald
processes, their limit to semi-discrete Brownian polymers, and large time
asymptotic analysis of polymer's partition function.

categories: math.PR cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.CO math.MP math.RT


title:
Generalized (co)homology of the loop spaces of classical groups and the
  universal factorial Schur $P$- and $Q$-functions

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the generalized (co)homology Hopf algebras of the
loop spaces on the infinite classical groups, generalizing the work due to
Kono-Kozima and Clarke. We shall give a description of these Hopf algebras in
terms of symmetric functions. Based on topological considerations in the first
half of this paper, we then introduce a universal analogue of the factorial
Schur $P$- and $Q$-functions due to Ivanov and Ikeda-Naruse. We investigate
various properties of these functions such as the cancellation property, which
we call the $\mathbb{L}$-supersymmetric property, the factorization property,
and the vanishing property. We prove that the universal analogue of the Schur
$P$-functions form a formal basis for the ring of functions with the
$\mathbb{L}$-supersymmetric property. By using the universal analogue of the
Cauchy identity, we then define the dual universal Schur $P$- and
$Q$-functions. We describe the duality of these functions in terms of Hopf
algebras.


title: A statistical study of transverse oscillations in a quiescent prominence

abstract:
  The launch of the Hinode satellite has allowed for seeing-free observations
at high-resolution and high-cadence making it well suited to study the dynamics
of quiescent prominences. In recent years it has become clear that quiescent
prominences support small-amplitude transverse oscillations, however, sample
sizes are usually too small for general conclusions to be drawn. We remedy this
by providing a statistical study of transverse oscillations in vertical
prominence threads. Over a three-hour period of observations it was possible to
measure the properties of 3436 waves, finding periods from 50 to 6000 s with
typical velocity amplitudes ranging between 0.2 to 23 km s$^{-1}$. The large
number of observed waves allows the determination of the frequency dependence
of the wave properties and derivation of the velocity power spectrum for the
transverse waves. For frequencies less than 7 mHz, the frequency-dependence of
the velocity power is consistent with the velocity power spectra generated from
observations of the horizontal motions of magnetic elements in the photosphere,
suggesting that the prominence transverse waves are driven by photospheric
motions. However, at higher frequencies the two distributions significantly
diverge, with relatively more power found at higher frequencies in the
prominence oscillations. These results highlight that waves over a large
frequency range are ubiquitous in prominences, and that a significant amount of
the wave energy is found at higher frequency.


title: Hypoelliptic heat kernels on infinite-dimensional Heisenberg groups

abstract:
  We study the law of a hypoelliptic Brownian motion on an infinite-dimensional
Heisenberg group based on an abstract Wiener space. We show that the endpoint
distribution, which can be seen as a heat kernel measure, is absolutely
continuous with respect to a certain product of Gaussian and Lebesgue measures,
that the heat kernel is quasi-invariant under translation by the Cameron-Martin
subgroup, and that the Radon-Nikodym derivative is Malliavin smooth.


title: Almost linear Nash groups

abstract:
  A Nash group is said to be almost linear if it has a Nash representation with
finite kernel. Structures and basic properties of these groups are studied.


title: Analysis of a controlled phase gate using circular Rydberg states

abstract:
  We propose and analyze the implementation of a two qubit quantum gate using
circular Rydberg states with maximum orbital angular momentum. The intrinsic
quantum gate error is limited by the finite Rydberg lifetime and finite Rydberg
blockade shift. Circular states have much longer radiative lifetimes than low
orbital angular momentum states and are therefore candidates for high fidelity
gate operations. We analyze the dipole-dipole interaction of two circular state
Rydberg atoms and present numerical simulations of quantum process tomography
to find the intrinsic fidelity of a Rydberg blockade controlled phase gate. Our
analysis shows that the intrinsic gate error can be less than $9 \times10^{-6}$
for circular Cs atoms in a cryogenic environment.


title:
Universal aspects of curved, flat & stationary-state Kardar-Parisi-Zhang
  statistics

abstract:
  Motivated by the recent exact solution of the {\it stationary-state}
Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) statistics by Imamura & Sasamoto (Phys. Rev. Lett.
{\bf 108}, 190603 (2012)), as well as a precursor experimental signature
unearthed by Takeuchi (Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 110}, 210604 (2013)), we establish
here the universality of these phenomena, examining scaling behaviors of
directed polymers in a random medium, the stochastic heat equation with
multiplicative noise, and kinetically roughened KPZ growth models. We emphasize
the value of cross KPZ-Class universalities, revealing crossover effects of
experimental relevance. Finally, we illustrate the great utility of KPZ scaling
theory by an optimized numerical analysis of the Ulam problem of random
permutations.

categories: cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.MP math.PR


title: Schwinger's principle in Einstein-Cartan gravity

abstract:
  By applying Schwinger's variational principle to the Einstein-Cartan action
for the gravitational field, we derive quantum commutation relations between
the metric and torsion tensors.


title: Electron transport in p-wave superconductor-normal metal junctions

abstract:
  We study low temperature electron transport in p-wave
superconductor-insulator-normal metal junctions. In diffusive metals the p-wave
component of the order parameter decays exponentially at distances larger than
the mean free path $l$. At the superconductor-normal metal boundary, due to
spin-orbit interaction, there is a triplet to singlet conversion of the
superconducting order parameter. The singlet component survives at distances
much larger than $l$ from the boundary. It is this component that controls the
low temperature resistance of the junctions. As a result, the resistance of the
system strongly depends on the angle between the insulating boundary and the
${\bf d}$-vector characterizing the spin structure of the triplet
superconducting order parameter. We also analyze the spatial dependence of the
electric potential in the presence of the current, and show that the electric
field is suppressed in the insulating boundary as well as in the normal metal
at distances of order of the coherence length away from the boundary. This is
very different from the case of the normal metal-insulator-normal metal
junctions, where the voltage drop takes place predominantly at the insulator.


title: Spin-orbital state induced by strong spin-orbit coupling

abstract:
  To clarify a crucial role of a spin-orbit coupling in the emergence of novel
spin-orbital states in $5d$-electron compounds such as Sr$_{2}$IrO$_{4}$, we
investigate ground state properties of a $t_{\rm 2g}$-orbital Hubbard model on
a square lattice by Lanczos diagonalization. In the absence of the spin-orbit
coupling, the ground state is spin singlet. When the spin-orbit coupling is
strong enough, the ground state turns into a weak ferromagnetic state. The weak
ferromagnetic state is a singlet state in terms of an effective total angular
momentum. Regarding the orbital state, we find the so-called complex orbital
state, in which real $xy$, $yz$, and $zx$ orbital states are mixed with complex
coefficients.


title:
Nonequilibrium dynamics of multiorbital correlated electron system under
  time-dependent electric fields

abstract:
  To clarify a key role of orbital degrees of freedom in the response of the
many-body electron state of correlated electrons to an external field, we
investigate the real-time dynamics in an $e_{\rm g}$-orbital Hubbard model
under applied electric fields by exploiting numerical techniques such as a
time-dependent density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method. The ground
state without applying an electric field is found to be an
antiferromagnetic/ferro-orbital state. After we switch on an oscillating
electric field, it gives rise to the creation of holon-doublon pairs when the
frequency of the applied electric field exceeds a charge excitation gap. We
argue that a pair-hopping process yields a dynamical deformation of the orbital
configuration.


title: Ground state of S=1 zigzag spin-orbital chain

abstract:
  We investigate ground-state properties of a $t_{\rm 2g}$-orbital Hubbard
model on a zigzag chain relevant for CaV$_{2}$O$_{4}$, by exploiting numerical
techniques such as Lanczos diagonalization and density-matrix renormalization
group. Assuming a V$^{3+}$ ion, a local spin $S$=$1$ state is formed by two
electrons in the $t_{\rm 2g}$ orbitals. That is, the system is a Haldane system
with active $t_{\rm 2g}$-orbital degrees of freedom. We observe orbital-state
transitions, yielding a distinct spin system under the orbital-ordered
background. We also discuss the orbital structure induced by open edges,
originating in the spatial anisotropy of the $t_{\rm 2g}$ orbitals.


title:
Enhancement of maximum attainable ion energy in the radiation pressure
  acceleration regime using a guiding structure

abstract:
  Radiation Pressure Acceleration relies on high intensity laser pulse
interacting with solid target to obtain high maximum energy, quasimonoenergetic
ion beams. Either extremely high power laser pulses or tight focusing of laser
radiation is required. The latter would lead to the appearance of the maximum
attainable ion energy, which is determined by the laser group velocity and is
highly influenced by the transverse expansion of the target. Ion acceleration
is only possible with target velocities less than the group velocity of the
laser. The transverse expansion of the target makes it transparent for
radiation, thus reducing the effectiveness of acceleration. Utilization of an
external guiding structure for the accelerating laser pulse may provide a way
of compensating for the group velocity and transverse expansion effects.


title: Path integral approach on Schrodinger's cat

abstract:
  From the following thought experiments, it is demonstrated that the collapse
of wave function of an isolated system is possible without external observer.
It will be shown that the analysis by Feynman path integral method supports
this conclusion. The argument is based on two assumptions: 1. The condition of
Schrodinger's cat experiment 2. Feynman path integral; This could explain
Schrodinger's cat paradox and its implication on the black hole information
paradox will be discussed.


title:
General mixing time bounds for finite Markov chains via the absolute
  spectral gap

abstract:
  We prove an upper bound on the total variation mixing time of a finite Markov
chain in terms of the absolute spectral gap and the number of elements in the
state space. Unlike results requiring reversibility or irreducibility, this
bound is finite whenever the chain converges. The dependence on the number of
elements means that the new bound cannot capture the behavior of rapidly mixing
chains; but an example shows that such dependence is necessary. We also provide
a sharpened result for reversible chains that are not necessarily irreducible.
The proof of the general bound exploits a connection between linear recurrence
relations and Schur functions due to Hou and Mu, while the sharpened bound for
reversible chains arises as a consequence of the stochastic interpretation of
eigenvalues developed by Diaconis, Fill, and Miclo. In particular, for every
reversible chain with nonnegative eigenvalues $\beta_j$ we find a strong
stationary time whose law is the sum of independent geometric random variables
having mean $1/(1-\beta_j)$.


title: Testing reweighting method for truncated Overlap fermions

abstract:
  The lattice QCD simulation with the lattice chiral symmetry is very
attractive, however, it is difficult to maintain the symmetry at a modest
numerical computation cost. A candidate to reduce the computational cost during
the configuration generation with the HMC algorithm is to relax the requirement
of the chiral symmetry and to use the reweighing method recovering the symmetry
at the measurement phase. In this talk, we presented the reweighing method to
restore the chiral symmetry of the truncated overlap fermion operator. In order
to avoid the large discrepancy between the truncated overlap operator and the
exact overlap operator, we split the reweighting factor into several steps
gradually increasing the order of truncation. We investigated the truncation
dependence of the reweighting factor on a set of quenched $8^3\times 32$
lattice configurations generated with the DBW2 gauge action. We found that a
large fluctuation on the reweighting factor between a high-order truncated
overlap operator and the exact overlap operator on a couple of configurations.
The origin of the large fluctuation seems to be due to a small eigenvalue of
the overlap kernel on these configurations.


title: Improving the efficiency of variational tensor network algorithms

abstract:
  We present several results relating to the contraction of generic tensor
networks and discuss their application to the simulation of quantum many-body
systems using variational approaches based upon tensor network states. Given a
closed tensor network $\mathcal{T}$, we prove that if the environment of a
single tensor from the network can be evaluated with computational cost
$\kappa$, then the environment of any other tensor from $\mathcal{T}$ can be
evaluated with identical cost $\kappa$. Moreover, we describe how the set of
all single tensor environments from $\mathcal{T}$ can be simultaneously
evaluated with fixed cost $3\kappa$. The usefulness of these results, which are
applicable to a variety of tensor network methods, is demonstrated for the
optimization of a Multi-scale Entanglement Renormalization Ansatz (MERA) for
the ground state of a 1D quantum system, where they are shown to substantially
reduce the computation time.


title:
Analytical coupled vibroacoustic modeling of membrane-type acoustic
  metamaterials: membrane model

abstract:
  Membrane-type Acoustic Metamaterials (MAMs) have demonstrated unusual
capacity in controlling low-frequency sound transmission/reflection. In this
paper, an analytical vibroacoustic membrane model is developed to study sound
transmission behavior of the MAM under a normal incidence. The MAM is composed
of a prestretched elastic membrane with attached rigid masses. To accurately
capture finite-dimension rigid mass effects on the membrane deformation, the
point matching approach is adopted by applying a set of distributed point
forces along the interfacial boundary between masses and the membrane. The
accuracy and capability of the theoretical model is verified through the
comparison with the finite element method. In particular, microstructure
effects such as weight, size and eccentricity of the attached mass, pretension
and thickness of the membrane on the resulting transmission peak and dip
frequencies of the MAM are quantitatively investigated. New peak and dip
frequencies are found for the MAM with one and multiple eccentric attached
masses. The developed model can be served as an efficient tool for design of
such membrane-type metamaterials.


title: A note on Boole polynomials

abstract:
  Boole polynomials play an important role in the area of number theory,
algebra and umbral calculus. In this paper, we investigate some properties of
Boole polynomials and consider Witt-type formulas for the Boole numbers and
polynomials. Finally, we derive some new identities of those polynomials from
the Witt-type formulas which are related to Euler polynomials.


title:
Analytical coupled vibroacoustic modeling of membrane-type acoustic
  metamaterials: plate model

abstract:
  By considering the membrane's dissipation, the membrane-type acoustic
metamaterial (MAM) has been demonstrated as a super absorber for low-frequency
sound. In the paper, a theoretical vibroacoustic plate model is developed to
reveal sound energy absorption mechanism within the MAM under a plane normal
incidence. Based on the plate model in conjunction with the point matching
method, the in-plane strain energy of the membrane due to the resonant and
antiresonant motion of the attached masses can be accurately captured by
solving the coupled vibroacoustic integrodifferential equation. Therefore, the
sound absorption of the MAM is obtained and discussed, which is also in good
agreement with the prediction from the finite element method. In particular,
microstructure effects including eccentricity of the attached masses, the
depth, thickness and loss factor of the membrane on sound absorption peak
values are quantitatively investigated.


title: On Sobolev spaces and density theorems on Finsler manifolds

abstract:
  Let $(M,F)$ be a $C^\infty$ Finsler manifold, $p\geq 1$ a real number, $k$ a
positive integer and $H_k^p (M)$ a certain Sobolev space determined by a
Finsler structure $F$.
  Here, it is shown that the set of all real $C^{\infty}$ functions with
compact support on $M$ is dense in the Sobolev space $H_1^p (M)$.
  This result permits to approximate certain solution of Dirichlet problem
living on $H_1^p (M)$ by $C^ \infty$ functions with compact support on $(M,F)$.
  Moreover, let $W \subset M$ be a regular domain with the $C^r$ boundary
$\partial W$, then the set of all real functions in $C^r (W) \cap C^0
(\overline W)$ is dense in $H_k^p (W)$, where $k\leq r$. This work is an
extension of some density theorems of T. Aubin on Riemannian manifolds.


title: Simultaneous Reducibility of Pairs of Borel Equivalence Relations

abstract:
  Let $E\subseteq F$ and $E'\subseteq F'$ be Borel equivalence relations on the
standard Borel spaces $X$ and $Y$, respectively. The pair $(E,F)$ is
simultaneously Borel reducible to the pair $(E',F')$ if there is a Borel
function $f:X\to Y$ that is both a reduction from $E$ to $E'$ and a reduction
from $F$ to $F'$. Simultaneous Borel embeddings and isomorphisms are defined
analogously. We classify all pairs $E\subseteq F$ of smooth countable Borel
equivalence relations up to simultaneous Borel bireducibility and
biembeddability, and a significant portion of such pairs up to simultaneous
Borel isomorphism. We generalize Mauldin's notion of Borel parametrization in
order to identify large natural subclasses of pairs of smooth countable
equivalence relations and of singleton smooth (not necessarily countable)
equivalence relations for which the natural combinatorial isomorphism
invariants are complete, and we present counterexamples outside these
subclasses. Finally, we relate isomorphism of smooth equivalence relations and
of pairs of smooth countable equivalence relations to Borel equivalence of
Borel functions as discussed in Komisarski, Michalewski, and Milewski.


title:
Linked-cluster expansion for the Green's function of the infinite-U
  Hubbard model

abstract:
  We implement a highly efficient strong-coupling expansion for the Green's
function of the Hubbard model. In the limit of extreme correlations, where the
onsite interaction is infinite, the evaluation of diagrams simplifies
dramatically enabling us to carry out the expansion to the eighth order in
powers of the hopping amplitude. We compute the finite-temperature Green's
function analytically in the momentum and Matsubara frequency space as a
function of the electron density. Employing Pade approximations, we study the
equation of state, Kelvin thermopower, momentum distribution function,
quasiparticle fraction, and quasiparticle lifetime of the system at
temperatures lower than, or of the order of, the hopping amplitude. We also
discuss several different approaches for obtaining the spectral functions
through analytic continuation of the imaginary frequency Green's function, and
show results for the system near half filling. We benchmark our results for the
equation of state against those obtained from a numerical linked-cluster
expansion carried out to the eleventh order.


title:
Water and Methanol Maser Survey of Protostars in the Orion Molecular
  Cloud Complex

abstract:
  The results of a maser survey toward ninety-nine protostars in the Orion
molecular cloud complex are presented. The target sources are low-mass
protostars identified from infrared observations. Single-dish observations were
carried out in the water maser line at 22 GHz and the methanol class I maser
lines at 44, 95, and 133 GHz. Most of the detected sources were mapped to
determine the source positions. Five water maser sources were detected, and
they are excited by HH 1-2 VLA 3, HH 1-2 VLA 1, L1641N MM1/3, NGC 2071 IRS 1/3,
and an object in the OMC 3 region. The water masers showed significant
variability in intensity and velocity with time scales of a month or shorter.
Four methanol emission sources were detected, and those in the OMC 2 FIR 3/4
and L1641N MM1/3 regions are probably masers. The methanol emission from the
other two sources in the NGC 2071 IRS 1-3 and V380 Ori NE regions are probably
thermal. For the water masers, the number of detections per protostar in the
survey region is about 2%, which suggests that the water masers of low-mass
protostars are rarely detectable. The methanol class I maser of low-mass
protostars is an even rarer phenomenon, with a detection rate much smaller than
1%.


title:
On the existence of smooth periodic solutions of 3D homogeneous
  Navier-Stokes equations

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider the smooth solutions of 3D incompressible
Navier-Stokes equations in periodic domains. We prove that, in the absence of
external forces and with divergence-free smooth periodic initial data, periodic
smooth solutions of the 3D Navier-Stokes equations exist for all time.


title: Deformations of the Poisson brackets and the Kowalevski top

abstract:
  Deformations of the known polynomial Poisson pencils associated with the
Kowalevski top are studied. As a result we find new variables of separation
from the one of the Yehia systems and new bi-Hamiltonian description of the
integrable deformation of the Kowalevski gyrostat in two fields proposed by
Sokolov and Tsiganov.


title:
Multi-Epoch Very Long Baseline Interferometric Observations of the
  Nuclear Starburst Region of NGC 253: Improved modelling of the supernova and
  star-formation rates

abstract:
  The results of multi-epoch observations of the southern starburst galaxy, NGC
253, with the Australian Long Baseline Array (LBA) at 2.3 GHz are presented. As
with previous radio interferometric observations of this galaxy, no new sources
were discovered. By combining the results of this survey with Very Large Array
observations at higher frequencies from the literature, spectra were derived
and a free-free absorption model was fitted of 20 known sources in NGC 253. The
results were found to be consistent with previous studies. The supernova
remnant, 5.48-43.3, was imaged with the highest sensitivity and resolution to
date, revealing a two-lobed morphology. Comparisons with previous observations
of similar resolution give an upper limit of 10,000 km/s for the expansion
speed of this remnant. We derive a supernova rate of <0.2 per yr for the inner
300 pc using a model that improves on previous methods by incorporating an
improved radio supernova peak luminosity distribution and by making use of
multi-wavelength radio data spanning 21 years. A star formation rate of SFR(M>5
M_solar)<4.9 M_solar per yr was also estimated using the standard relation
between supernova and star-formation rates. Our improved estimates of supernova
and star-formation rates are consistent with studies at other wavelengths. The
results of our study point to the possible existence of a small population of
undetected supernova remnants, suggesting a low rate of radio supernovae
production in NGC 253.


title: Dynamical torsion as the microscopic origin of the neutrino seesaw

abstract:
  It is assumed, that there are two scales in quantum gravity. Metric
fluctuates at the scales of the order of the Plank mass. The second scale $M_T$
is related to the fluctuations of torsion. We suppose, that it may be as low as
$M_T \sim 1$ TeV. Due to the non - minimal coupling to torsion the attractive
interaction between the fermions appears. The non - minimal coupling admits the
appearance of different coupling constants for different fermions. This opens
the possibility that the interaction with torsion gives the Majorana masses for
the right - handed neutrinos (that are assumed to be of the order of $M_T$). We
suppose, that the Dirac masses for the neutrino are all close to the mass of
electron. This gives the light neutrino masses $\le 0.25$ eV. In addition, the
model predicts the appearance of Majorons that may contribute to the dark
matter as well as to the invisible decay of the $125$ GeV Higgs boson.


title: Non-trivial $m$-quasi-Einstein metrics on simple Lie groups

abstract:
  We call a metric $m$-quasi-Einstein if $Ric_X^m$, which replaces a gradient
of a smooth function $f$ by a vector field $X$ in $m$-Bakry-Emery Ricci tensor,
is a constant multiple of the metric tensor. It is a generalization of Einstein
metrics which contains Ricci solitons. In this paper, we focus on
left-invariant metrics on simple Lie groups. First, we prove that $X$ is a
left-invariant Killing vector field if the metric on a compact simple Lie group
is $m$-quasi-Einstein. Then we show that every compact simple Lie group admits
non-trivial $m$-quasi-Einstein metrics except $SU(3)$, $E_8$ and $G_2$, and
most of them admit infinitely many metrics. Naturally, the study on
$m$-quasi-Einstein metrics can be extended to pseudo-Riemannian case. And we
prove that every compact simple Lie group admits non-trivial $m$-quasi-Einstein
Lorentzian metrics and most of them admit infinitely many metrics. Finally, we
prove that some non-compact simple Lie groups admit infinitely many non-trivial
$m$-quasi-Einstein Lorentzian metrics.


title:
Coinvasion-Coexistence Traveling Wave Solutions of an Integro-Difference
  Competition System

abstract:
  This paper is concerned with the traveling wave solutions of an
integro-difference competition system, of which the purpose is to model the
coinvasion-coexistence process of two competitors with age structure. The
existence of nontrivial traveling wave solutions is obtained by constructing
generalized upper and lower solutions. The asymptotic and nonexistence of
traveling wave solutions are proved by combining the theory of asymptotic
spreading with the idea of contracting rectangle.


title: Misspecification in copula-based regression

abstract:
  In a recent paper Noh et al. (2013) proposed a new semiparametric estimate of
a regression function with a multivariate predictor, which is based on a
specification of the dependence structure between the predictor and the
response by means of a parametric copula. This paper investigates the effect
which occurs under misspecification of the parametric model. We demonstrate
that even for a one or two dimensional predictor the error caused by a \wrong"
specification of the parametric family is rather severe, if the regression is
not monotone in one of the components of the predictor. Moreover, we also show
that these problems occur for all of the commonly used copula families and we
illustrate in several examples that the copula-based regression may lead to
invalid results even when more exible copula models such as vine copulae (with
the common parametric families) are used in the estimation procedure.


title:
Community Structures Are Definable in Networks: A Structural Theory of
  Networks

abstract:
  We found that neither randomness in the ER model nor the preferential
attachment in the PA model is the mechanism of community structures of
networks, that community structures are universal in real networks, that
community structures are definable in networks, that communities are
interpretable in networks, and that homophyly is the mechanism of community
structures and a structural theory of networks. We proposed the notions of
entropy- and conductance-community structures. It was shown that the two
definitions of the entropy- and conductance-community structures and the notion
of modularity proposed by physicists are all equivalent in defining community
structures of networks, that neither randomness in the ER model nor
preferential attachment in the PA model is the mechanism of community
structures of networks, and that the existence of community structures is a
universal phenomenon in real networks. This poses a fundamental question: What
are the mechanisms of community structures of real networks? To answer this
question, we proposed a homophyly model of networks. It was shown that networks
of our model satisfy a series of new topological, probabilistic and
combinatorial principles, including a fundamental principle, a community
structure principle, a degree priority principle, a widths principle, an
inclusion and infection principle, a king node principle and a predicting
principle etc. The new principles provide a firm foundation for a structural
theory of networks. Our homophyly model demonstrates that homophyly is the
underlying mechanism of community structures of networks, that nodes of the
same community share common features, that power law and small world property
are never obstacles of the existence of community structures in networks, that
community structures are {\it definable} in networks, and that (natural)
communities are {\it interpretable}.


title: Origin of New Broad Raman D and G Peaks in Annealed Graphene

abstract:
  Since graphene, a single sheet of graphite, has all of its carbon atoms on
the surface, its property is very sensitive to materials contacting the
surface. Herein, we report novel Raman peaks ob-served in annealed graphene and
elucidate their chemical origins by Raman spectroscopy and atomic force
microscopy (AFM). Graphene annealed in oxygen-free atmosphere revealed very
broad additional Raman peaks overlapping the D, G and 2D peaks of graphene
itself. Based on the topographic confirmation by AFM, the new Raman peaks were
attributed to amorphous carbon formed on the surface of graphene by
carbonization of environmental hydrocarbons. While the carbonaceous layers were
formed for a wide range of annealing temperature and time, they could be
effectively removed by prolonged annealing in vacuum. This study underlines
that spectral features of graphene and presumably other 2-dimensional
ma-terials are highly vulnerable to interference by foreign materials of
molecular thickness.


title: Homophyly and Randomness Resist Cascading Failure in Networks

abstract:
  The universal properties of power law and small world phenomenon of networks
seem unavoidably obstacles for security of networking systems. Existing models
never give secure networks. We found that the essence of security is the
security against cascading failures of attacks and that nature solves the
security by mechanisms. We proposed a model of networks by the natural
mechanisms of homophyly, randomness and preferential attachment. It was shown
that homophyly creates a community structure, that homophyly and randomness
introduce ordering in the networks, and that homophyly creates inclusiveness
and introduces rules of infections. These principles allow us to provably
guarantee the security of the networks against any attacks. Our results show
that security can be achieved provably by structures, that there is a tradeoff
between the roles of structures and of thresholds in security engineering, and
that power law and small world property are never obstacles for security of
networks.


title: Homologous Flux Ropes Observed by SDO/AIA

abstract:
  We firstly present the Solar Dynamics Observatory observations of four
homologous flux ropes in active region (AR) 11745 on 2013 May 20-22. The four
flux ropes are all above the neutral line of the AR, with endpoints anchoring
at the same region, and have the generally similar morphology. For the first
three flux ropes, they rose up with a velocity of less than 30 km s$^{-1}$
after their appearances, and subsequently their intensities at 131 {\AA}
decreased and the flux ropes became obscure. The fourth flux rope erupted
ultimately with a speed of about 130 km s$^{-1}$ and formed a coronal mass
ejection. The associated filament showed an obvious anti-clockwise twist motion
at the initial stage, and the twist was estimated at 4$\pi$. This indicates
that kink instability possibly triggers the early rise of the fourth flux rope.
The activated filament material was spatially within the flux rope and they
showed consistent evolution in their early stages. Our findings provide new
clues for understanding the characteristics of flux ropes. Firstly, there are
multiple flux ropes that are successively formed at the same location during an
AR evolution process. Secondly, a slow-rise flux rope does not necessarily
result in a CME, and a fast-eruption flux rope results in a CME.


title:
Phenomenology of a very light scalar (100 MeV $<m_h<$ 10 GeV) mixing
  with the SM Higgs

abstract:
  In this paper we investigate the phenomenology of a very light scalar, $h$,
with mass 100 MeV $<m_h<$ 10 GeV, mixing with the SM Higgs. As a benchmark
model we take the real singlet scalar extension of the SM. We point out
apparently unresolved uncertainties in the branching ratios and lifetime of $h$
in a crucial region of parameter space for LHC phenomenology. Bounds from LEP,
meson decays and fixed target experiments are reviewed. We also examine
prospects at the LHC. For $m_h \lesssim m_B$ the dominant production mechanism
is via meson decay; our main result is the calculation of the differential
$p_T$ spectrum of $h$ scalars originating from B mesons and the subsequent
prediction of up to thousands of moderate (triggerable) $p_T$ displaced dimuons
possibly hiding in the existing dataset at ATLAS/CMS or at LHCb. We also
demonstrate that the subdominant $Vh$ production channel has the best
sensitivity for $m_h \gtrsim m_B$ and that future bounds in this region could
conceivably compete with those of LEP.


title:
Heat transport as torsional responses and Keldysh formalism in a curved
  spacetime

abstract:
  We revisit a theory of heat transport in the light of a gauge theory of
gravity and find the proper heat current with a corresponding gauge field,
which yields the natural definitions of the heat magnetization and the
Kubo-formula contribution to the thermal conductivity as torsional responses.
We also develop a general framework for calculating gravitational responses by
combining the Keldysh and Cartan formalisms. By using this framework, we
explicitly calculate these two quantities and reproduce the Wiedemann-Franz law
for the thermal Hall conductivity in the clean and non-interacting case.
Finally, we discuss an effective action for the quantized thermal Hall effect
in $(2 + 1)$-D topological superconductors.


title:
Optical Probing of Electronic Interaction between Graphene and Hexagonal
  Boron Nitride

abstract:
  Even weak van der Waals (vdW) adhesion between two-dimensional solids may
perturb their various materials properties owing to their low dimensionality.
Although the electronic structure of graphene has been predicted to be modified
by the vdW interaction with other materials, its optical characterization has
not been successful. In this report, we demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy can
be utilized to detect a few % decrease in the Fermi velocity (vF) of graphene
caused by the vdW interaction with underlying hexagonal boron nitride (hBN).
Our study also establishes Raman spectroscopic analysis which enables
separation of the effects by the vdW interaction from those by mechanical
strain or extra charge carriers. The analysis reveals that spectral features of
graphene on hBN are mainly affected by change in vF and mechanical strain, but
not by charge doping unlike graphene supported on SiO2 substrates. Graphene on
hBN was also found to be less susceptible to thermally induced hole doping.


title:
Response of an artificially blown clarinet to different blowing pressure
  profiles

abstract:
  Using an artificial mouth with an accurate pressure control, the onset of the
pressure oscillations inside the mouthpiece of a simplified clarinet is studied
experimentally. Two time profiles are used for the blowing pressure: in a first
set of experiments the pressure is increased at constant rates, then decreased
at the same rate. In a second set of experiments the pressure rises at a
constant rate and is then kept constant for an arbitrary period of time. In
both cases the experiments are repeated for different increase rates. Numerical
simulations using a simplified clarinet model blown with a constantly
increasing mouth pressure are compared to the oscillating pressure obtained
inside the mouthpiece. Both show that the beginning of the oscillations appears
at a higher pressure values than the theoretical static threshold pressure, a
manifestation of bifurcation delay. Experiments performed using an interrupted
increase in mouth pressure show that the beginning of the oscillation occurs
close to the stop in the increase of the pressure. Experimental results also
highlight that the speed of the onset transient of the sound is roughly the
same, independently of the duration of the increase phase of the blowing
pressure.


title: Quantum Theory of Heat Magnetization

abstract:
  We give the thermodynamic definition of the heat magnetization, and calculate
with use of the Keldysh formalism in a curved spacetime. The heat magnetization
is conjugate to a torsional magnetic field, which is analogous to the fact that
the orbital magnetization is conjugate to a magnetic field. The formula is
valid in insulators and metals at finite temperature even in disordered or
interacting systems.


title:
Extracting the geometry of an obstacle and a zeroth-order coefficient of
  a boundary condition via the enclosure method using a single reflected wave
  over a finite time interval

abstract:
  This paper considers an inverse problem for the classical wave equation in an
exterior domain. It is a mathematical interpretation of an inverse obstacle
problem which employs the dynamical scattering data of acoustic wave over a
finite time interval. It is assumed that the wave satisfies a Robin type
boundary condition with an unknown variable coefficient.
  The wave is generated by the initial data localized outside the obstacle and
observed over a finite time interval at the same place as the support of the
initial data. It is already known that, using the enclosure method, one can
extract the maximum sphere whose exterior encloses the obstacle, from the data.
  In this paper, it is shown that the enclosure method enables us to extract
also:
  (i) a quantity which indicates the deviation of the geometry between the
maximum sphere and the boundary of the obstacle at the first reflection points
of the wave;
  (ii) the value of the coefficient of the boundary condition at an arbitrary
first reflection point of the wave provided, for example, the surface of the
obstacle is known in a neighbourhood of the point.
  Another new obtained knowledge is that: the enclosure method can cover the
case when the data are taken over a sphere whose centre coincides with that of
the support of an initial data and yields corresponding results to (i) and
(ii).


title: A no-boundary proposal for braneworld perturbations

abstract:
  We propose a novel approach to the problem of cosmological perturbations in a
braneworld model with induced gravity, which leads to a closed system of
equations on the brane. We focus on a spatially closed brane that bounds the
interior four-ball of the bulk space. The background cosmological evolution on
the brane is now described by the normal branch, and the boundary conditions in
the bulk become the regularity conditions for the metric everywhere inside the
four-ball. In this approach, there is no spatial infinity or any other boundary
in the bulk space since the spatial section is compact, hence, we term this
setup as a no-boundary proposal. Assuming that the bulk cosmological constant
is absent and employing the Mukohyama master variable, we argue that the
effects of nonlocality on brane perturbations may be ignored if the brane is
marginally closed. In this case, there arises a relation that closes the system
of equations for perturbations on the brane. Perturbations of pressureless
matter and dark radiation can now be described by a system of coupled
second-order differential equations. Remarkably, this system can be exactly
solved in the matter-dominated and de Sitter regimes. In this case, apart from
the usual growing and decaying modes, we find two additional modes that behave
monotonically on super-Hubble spatial scales and exhibit rapid oscillations
with decaying amplitude on sub-Hubble spatial scales.


title:
Reaction method control of impurity scattering in C-doped MgB2, proving
  the role of defects besides C substitution level

abstract:
  In this study, Si and C were incorporated into polycrystalline MgB2 via in
situ reaction of Mg and B with either SiC or with separate Si and C (Si+C). The
electrical transport and magnetic properties of the two series of samples were
compared. The corrected resistivity at 40K, Rho A(40K), is higher for the SiC
reacted samples regardless of carbon (C) substitution level, indicating larger
intragrain scattering because of the simultaneous reaction between Mg and SiC
and carbon substitution during the formation of MgB2. In addition, because of
the cleaner reaction route for the SiC reacted samples, the calculated active
area that carries current, AF, is twice that of the (Si+C) samples. On the
other hand, the upper critical field, Hc2, was similar for both sets of samples
despite their different C substitution levels which proves the importance of
defect scattering in addition to C substitution level. Hence, the form of the
precursor reactants is critical for tuning the form of Hc2(T).


title: Deformation of singularities and additive invariants

abstract:
  In this survey on local additive invariants of real and complex definable
singular germs we systematically present classical or more recent invariants of
different nature as emerging from a tame degeneracy principle. For this goal,
we associate to a given singular germ a specific deformation family whose
geometry degenerates in such a way that it eventually gives rise to a list of
invariants attached to this germ. Complex analytic invariants, real curvature
invariants and motivic type invariants are encompassed under this point of
view. We then explain how all these invariants are related to each other as
well as we propose a general conjectural principle explaining why such
invariants have to be related. This last principle may appear as the
incarnation in definable geometry of deep finiteness results of convex
geometry, according to which additive invariants in convex geometry are very
few.


title: ABJ Fractional Brane from ABJM Wilson Loop

abstract:
  We present a new Fermi gas formalism for the ABJ matrix model. This
formulation identifies the effect of the fractional M2-brane in the ABJ matrix
model as that of a composite Wilson loop operator in the corresponding ABJM
matrix model. Using this formalism, we study the phase part of the ABJ
partition function numerically and find a simple expression for it. We further
compute a few exact values of the partition function at some coupling
constants. Fitting these exact values against the expected form of the grand
potential, we can determine the grand potential with exact coefficients. The
results at various coupling constants enable us to conjecture an explicit form
of the grand potential for general coupling constants. The part of the
conjectured grand potential from the perturbative sum, worldsheet instantons
and bound states is regarded as a natural generalization of that in the ABJM
matrix model, though the membrane instanton part contains a new contribution.


title:
Manipulating Ferroelectric Domains in Nanostructures Under Electron
  Beams

abstract:
  Freestanding BaTiO3 nanodots exhibit domain structures characterized by
distinct quadrants of ferroelastic 90{\deg} domains in transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) observations. These differ significantly from flux-closure
domain patterns in the same systems imaged by piezoresponse force microscopy.
Based upon a series of phase field simulations of BaTiO3 nanodots, we suggest
that the TEM patterns result from a radial electric field arising from electron
beam charging of the nanodot. For sufficiently large charging, this converts
flux-closure domain patterns to quadrant patterns with radial net
polarizations. Not only does this explain the puzzling patterns that have been
observed in TEM studies of ferroelectric nanodots, but also suggests how to
manipulate ferroelectric domain patterns via electron beams.


title: Loss-Tolerant Tests Of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Steering

abstract:
  We analyse two classes of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)-steering
inequalities, the violation of which can be used to demonstrate EPR-steering
with an entangled two-qubit Werner state: linear inequalities and quadratic
inequalities. We discuss how post-selection of results (by appeal to the fair
sampling assumption) can compromise the rigour of these inequalities in
experimental tests of EPR-steering. By considering the worst-case scenarios in
which detector inefficiency or other loss could be exploited within a local
hidden-state model, we derive inequalities that enable rigorous but
loss-tolerant demonstrations of EPR-steering. The linear inequalities, and
special cases of the quadratic inequalities, have been used in recent
experiments. Our results indicate that regardless of the number of settings
used, quadratic inequalities are never better, and often worse, than linear
inequalities.


title: Linear ind-Grassmannians

abstract:
  We consider ind-varieties obtained as direct limits of chains of embeddings
$X_1\stackrel{\phi_1}{\hookrightarrow}\dots\stackrel{\phi_{m-1}}{\hookrightarrow}
X_m\stackrel{\phi_m}{\hookrightarrow}X_{m+1}\stackrel{\phi_{m+1}}{\hookrightarrow}\dots$,
where each $X_m$ is a Grassmannian or an isotropic Grassmannian (possibly
mixing Grassmannians and isotropic Grassmannians), and the embeddings $\phi_m$
are linear in the sense that they induce isomorphisms of Picard groups. We
prove that any such ind-variety is isomorphic to one of certain standard
ind-Grassmannians and that the latter are pairwise non-isomorphic
ind-varieties.


title: Solution of Invariant Subspace Problem in the Hilbert space

abstract:
  By applying methods of Duhamel algebra and reproducing kernels, we prove that
every linear bounded operator on the Hardy-Hilbert space H^{2}(D) has a
nontrivial invariant subspace. This solves affirmatively the Invariant Subspace
Problem in the Hilbert space.


title: The Lagrangian cobordism group of $T^2$

abstract:
  We compute the Lagrangian cobordism group of the standard symplectic 2-torus
and prove that it is isomorphic to the Grothendieck group of its derived Fukaya
category. The proofs use homological mirror symmetry for the 2-torus.


title: User Effects in Beam-Space MIMO

abstract:
  The performance and design of the novel single-RF-chain beam-space MIMO
antenna concept is evaluated for the first time in the presence of the user.
First, the variations of different performance parameters are evaluated when
placing a beam-space MIMO antenna in close proximity to the user body in
several typical operating scenarios. In addition to the typical degradation of
conventional antennas in terms of radiation efficiency and impedance matching,
it is observed that the user body corrupts the power balance and the
orthogonality of the beam-space MIMO basis. However, capacity analyses show
that throughput reduction mainly stems from the absorption in user body tissues
rather than from the power imbalance and the correlation of the basis. These
results confirm that the beam-space MIMO concept, so far only demonstrated in
the absence of external perturbation, still performs very well in typical human
body interaction scenarios.


title: Algebraic methods in the theory of generalized Harish-Chandra modules

abstract:
  This paper is a review of results on generalized Harish-Chandra modules in
the framework of cohomological induction. The main results, obtained during the
last 10 years, concern the structure of the fundamental series of
$(\mathfrak{g},\mathfrak{k})-$modules, where $\mathfrak{g}$ is a semisimple Lie
algebra and $\mathfrak{k}$ is an arbitrary algebraic reductive in
$\mathfrak{g}$ subalgebra. These results lead to a classification of simple
$(\mathfrak{g},\mathfrak{k})-$modules of finite type with generic minimal
$\mathfrak{k}-$types, which we state. We establish a new result about the
Fernando-Kac subalgebra of a fundamental series module. In addition, we pay
special attention to the case when $\mathfrak{k}$ is an eligible $r-$subalgebra
(see the definition in section 4) in which we prove stronger versions of our
main results. If $\mathfrak{k}$ is eligible, the fundamental series of
$(\mathfrak{g},\mathfrak{k})-$modules yields a natural algebraic generalization
of Harish-Chandra's discrete series modules.


title: Description and Evaluation of Semantic Similarity Measures Approaches

abstract:
  In recent years, semantic similarity measure has a great interest in Semantic
Web and Natural Language Processing (NLP). Several similarity measures have
been developed, being given the existence of a structured knowledge
representation offered by ontologies and corpus which enable semantic
interpretation of terms. Semantic similarity measures compute the similarity
between concepts/terms included in knowledge sources in order to perform
estimations. This paper discusses the existing semantic similarity methods
based on structure, information content and feature approaches. Additionally,
we present a critical evaluation of several categories of semantic similarity
approaches based on two standard benchmarks. The aim of this paper is to give
an efficient evaluation of all these measures which help researcher and
practitioners to select the measure that best fit for their requirements.


title: Riemannian foliations with parallel or harmonic basic forms

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider a Riemannian foliation whose normal bundle carries
a parallel or harmonic basic form. We estimate the norm of the O'Neill tensor
in terms of the curvature data of the whole manifold. Some examples are then
given.


title:
On generalizations of Fatou's theorem for the integrals with general
  kernels

abstract:
  We define $\lambda(r)$-convergence, which is a generalization of
nontangential convergence in the unit disc. We prove Fatou-type theorems on
almost everywhere nontangential convergence of Poisson-Stiltjes integrals for
general kernels $\{\varphi_r\}$, forming an approximation of identity. We prove
that the bound \md0 \limsup_{r\to 1}\lambda(r) \|\varphi_r\|_\infty<\infty \emd
is necessary and sufficient for almost everywhere $\lambda(r)$-convergence of
the integrals \md0 \int_\ZT \varphi_r(t-x)d\mu(t). \emd


title: Replacement Paths via Row Minima of Concise Matrices

abstract:
  Matrix $M$ is {\em $k$-concise} if the finite entries of each column of $M$
consist of $k$ or less intervals of identical numbers. We give an $O(n+m)$-time
algorithm to compute the row minima of any $O(1)$-concise $n\times m$ matrix.
Our algorithm yields the first $O(n+m)$-time reductions from the
replacement-paths problem on an $n$-node $m$-edge undirected graph
(respectively, directed acyclic graph) to the single-source shortest-paths
problem on an $O(n)$-node $O(m)$-edge undirected graph (respectively, directed
acyclic graph). That is, we prove that the replacement-paths problem is no
harder than the single-source shortest-paths problem on undirected graphs and
directed acyclic graphs. Moreover, our linear-time reductions lead to the first
$O(n+m)$-time algorithms for the replacement-paths problem on the following
classes of $n$-node $m$-edge graphs (1) undirected graphs in the word-RAM model
of computation, (2) undirected planar graphs, (3) undirected minor-closed
graphs, and (4) directed acyclic graphs.


title: Some Efficient Solutions to Yao's Millionaire Problem

abstract:
  We present three simple and efficient protocol constructions to solve Yao's
Millionaire Problem when the parties involved are non-colluding and
semi-honest. The first construction uses a partially homomorphic Encryption
Scheme and is a 4-round scheme using 2 encryptions, 2 homomorphic circuit
evaluations (subtraction and XOR) and a single decryption. The second
construction uses an untrusted third party and achieves a communication
overhead linear in input bit-size with the help of an order preserving
function.Moreover, the second construction does not require an apriori input
bound and can work on inputs of different bit-sizes. The third construction
does not use a third party and, even though, it has a quadratic communication
overhead, it is a fairly simple construction.


title:
Energy-momentum tensor form factors of the nucleon within a
  $\pi$-$\rho$-$\omega$ soliton model

abstract:
  We investigate the energy-momentum tensor form factors of the nucleon within
the famework of a chiral soliton model, including the $\rho$ and $\omega$
vector mesons. We examine the role of each meson degrees of freedom in these
form factors. It is explicitly shown that the pion provides strong attraction
whereas the $\rho$ and $\omega$ yield repulsion in such a way that the soliton
becomes stabilized. The results are discussed in comparison with those of other
models.


title:
Deviation from the Standard Uncertainty Principle and the Dark Energy
  Problem

abstract:
  Quantum fluctuations of a real massless scalar field are studied in the
context of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP). The dynamical finite
vacuum energy is found in spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson- Walker (FRW)
spacetime which can be identified as dark energy to explain late time cosmic
speed-up. The results show that a tiny deviation from the standard uncertainty
principle is necessary on cosmological ground. By using the observational data
we have constraint the GUP parameter even more stronger than ever.


title: Single-Layer MoS2 Phototransistors

abstract:
  A new phototransistor based on the mechanically-exfoliated single-layer MoS2
nanosheet is fabricated and its light-induced electric properties are
investigated in details. Photocurrent generated from the phototransistor is
solely determined by the illuminated optical power at a constant drain or gate
voltage. The switching behavior of photocurrent generation and annihilation can
be completely finished within ca. 50 ms and it shows good stability.
Especially, the single-layer MoS2 phototransistor exhibits a better
photoresponsivity as compared with the graphene-based device. The unique
characteristics of incident-light control, prompt photoswitching and good
photoresponsivity from the MoS2 phototransistor pave an avenue to develop the
single-layer semiconducting materials for multi-functional optoelectronic
device applications in future.


title:
Convergence Constrained Multiuser Transmitter-Receiver Optimization in
  Single Carrier FDMA

abstract:
  Convergence constrained power allocation (CCPA) in single carrier multiuser
(MU) single-input multiple-output (SIMO) systems with turbo equalization is
considered in this paper. In order to exploit full benefit of the iterative
receiver, its convergence properties need to be considered also at the
transmitter side. The proposed scheme can guarantee that the desired quality of
service (QoS) is achieved after sufficient amount of iterations. We propose two
different successive convex approximations for solving the non-convex power
minimization problem subject to user specific QoS constraints. The results of
extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart analysis demonstrate that the
proposed CCPA scheme can achieve the design objective. Numerical results show
that the proposed schemes can achieve superior performance in terms of power
consumption as compared to linear receivers with and without precoding as well
as to the iterative receiver without precoding.


title: Halo formation in neutron rich $\rm{Ca}$ nuclei

abstract:
  We have investigated the halo formation in the neutron rich $\rm{Ca}$
isotopes within the framework of recently proposed relativistic mean-field plus
BCS (RMF+BCS) approach wherein the single particle continuum corresponding to
the RMF is replaced by a set of discrete positive energy states for the
calculation of pairing energy. For the neutron rich $\rm{Ca}$ isotopes in the
vicinity of neutron drip-line, it is found that further addition of neutrons
causes a rapid increase in the neutron rms radius with a very small increase in
the binding energy, indicating thereby the occurrence of halos. This is
essentially caused by the gradual filling in of the loosely bound $3s_{1/2}$
state. Interesting phenomenon of accommodating several additional neutrons with
almost negligible increase in binding energy is shown to be due to the pairing
correlations.


title:
Anderson localization in two-dimensional graphene with short-range
  disorder: One-parameter scaling and finite-size effects

abstract:
  We study Anderson localization in graphene with short-range disorder using
the real-space Kubo-Greenwood method implemented on graphics processing units.
Two models of short-range disorder, namely, the Anderson on-site disorder model
and the vacancy defect model, are considered. For graphene with Anderson
disorder, localization lengths of quasi-one-dimensional systems with various
disorder strengths, edge symmetries, and boundary conditions are calculated
using the real-space Kubo-Greenwood formalism, showing excellent agreement with
independent transfer matrix calculations and superior computational efficiency.
Using these data, we demonstrate the applicability of the one-parameter scaling
theory of localization length and propose an analytical expression for the
scaling function, which provides a reliable method of computing the
two-dimensional localization length. This method is found to be consistent with
another widely used method which relates the two-dimensional localization
length to the elastic mean free path and the semiclassical conductivity.
Abnormal behavior at the charge neutrality point is identified and interpreted
to be caused by finite-size effects when the system width is comparable to or
smaller than the elastic mean free path. We also demonstrate the finite-size
effect when calculating the two-dimensional conductivity in the localized
regime and show that a renormalization group beta function consistent with the
one-parameter scaling theory can be extracted numerically. For graphene with
vacancy disorder, we show that the proposed scaling function of localization
length also applies. Lastly, we discuss some ambiguities in calculating the
semiclassical conductivity around the charge neutrality point due to the
presence of resonant states.


title:
Tunable Hybrid Quantum Electrodynamics from Non-Linear Electron
  Transport

abstract:
  Recent advances in quantum electronics have allowed to engineer hybrid
nano-devices comprising on chip a microwave electromagnetic resonator coupled
to an artificial atom, a quantum dot. These systems realize novel platforms to
explore non-equilibrium quantum impurity physics with light and matter.
Coupling the quantum dot system to reservoir leads (source and drain) produces
an electronic current as well as dissipation when applying a bias voltage
across the system. Focusing on a standard model of biased quantum dot coupled
to a photon mode we elucidate the signatures of the electronic correlations in
the phase of the transmitted microwave signal. In addition, we illustrate the
effect of the electronic degrees of freedom on the photon field, giving rise to
non-linearities, damping and dissipation, and discuss how to control these
effects by means of gate and bias voltages.


title: (Not) weakly regular univariate bent functions

abstract:
  In this article a procedure to construct bent functions from $\F_{p^n}$ to
$\F_p$ by merging plateaued functions which are bent on ($n-2$)-dimensional
subspaces of $\F_{p^n}$ is presented. Taking advantage of such classes of
plateaued functions with a simple representation as monomials and binomials, we
obtain infinite classes of bent functions with a fairly simple representation.
In particular we present the first direct construction of univariate not weakly
regular bent functions, and give one class explicitly in a simple
representation with binomials.


title:
Dynamics of strangeness and collective flows in heavy-ion collisions
  near threshold energies

abstract:
  Strangeness (K$^{0,+}$, $\Lambda$ and $\Sigma^{-,0,+}$) production in
heavy-ion collisions near threshold energies has been investigated within the
Lanzhou quantum molecular dynamics (LQMD) transport model. The kaon
(anti-kaon)-nucleon and hyperon-nucleon potentials in dense nuclear matter are
implemented in the model, which are computed from the chiral perturbation
approach and the relativistic mean-field model, respectively. It is found that
the in-medium potentials change the structure of transverse flow, and also
affect the rapidity distributions and the inclusive spectra for strangeness
production. The local temperature of the fire ball extracted from the kaon
spectra of inclusive invariant cross sections is influenced by the kaon-nucleon
potential. The stiffness of nuclear symmetry energy and the kaon-nucleon
potential by distinguishing isospin effect play a significant role on the ratio
of K$^{0}$/K$^{+}$, in particular at the subthreshold energies. The ratio of
$\Sigma^{-}/\Sigma^{+}$ depends on the high-density symmetry energy, in which
the $\Sigma$-nucleon potential has a neglectable contribution on the isospin
ratio.


title: Colour reconnection and its effects on precise measurements at the LHC

abstract:
  There are experimental evidence for the occurrence of colour reconnection,
but the mechanisms involved are far from understood. Previous reconnection
studies are briefly summarized, and some potential implications for LHC physics
are outlined.


title:
Sharp decay estimates in Lorentz spaces for nonnegative Schr\"odinger
  heat semigroups

abstract:
  Let $H:=-\Delta+V$ be a nonnegative Schr\"odinger operator on $L^2({\bf
R}^N)$, where $N\ge 2$ and $V$ is a radially symmetric function decaying
quadratically at the space infinity. In this paper we consider the
Schr\"odinger heat semigroup $e^{-tH}$, and make a complete table of the decay
rates of the operator norms of $e^{-tH}$ in the Lorentz spaces as $t\to\infty$.


title: Comment on "Force-field functor theory" [arXiv:1306.4332]

abstract:
  This comment regards a recently published preprint by R.Babbush,
J.A.Parkhill, and A.Aspuru-Guzik, arXiv:1306.4332.


title: Scintillation observations of PSR B0823+26

abstract:
  We present results of the analysis of interstellar scintillation in PSR
B0823+26. Observations were conducted at a frequency of 1.7 GHz using the 32-m
Torun Centre for Astronomy radio telescope. More than 50 observing sessions,
lasting on average 10 h, were conducted between 2003 and 2006. We found
interstellar scintillation parameters by means of dynamic spectrum analysis as
well as structure function analysis of the flux density variations. We
identified two distinctive time-scales, which we believe to be the time-scales
of diffractive and refractive scintillation. Our results show that at the given
frequency the diffractive time-scale in PSR B0823+26 is $\tau_{diss} =
19.3^{+1.7}_{-1.6}$ min, the refractive time-scale is $\tau_{riss} = 144 \pm
23$ min and the decorrelation bandwidth is $B_{iss} = 81 \pm 3$ MHz.


title: Objective Reality of de Broglie's Waves

abstract:
  An exact, ray-based general treatment is shown to hold for any kind of
monochromatic wave feature - including diffraction and interference - described
by Helmholtz-like equations, under the coupling action of a dispersive function
(which we call "Wave Potential") encoded in the structure itself of the
Helmholtz equation. Since the time-independent Schroedinger and Klein-Gordon
equations (associating particles of assigned total energy with stationary de
Broglie waves) are themselves Helmholtz-like equations, the same general
approach is extended to the ray-based dynamics of point-like particles, whose
exact trajectories and dynamical laws may be obtained without resorting to
statistical concepts of any kind, thus suggesting a non-probabilistic nature of
de Broglie's waves and of physical reality.


title: On the eigenvalues of certain Cayley graphs and arrangement graphs

abstract:
  In this paper, we show that the eigenvalues of certain classes of Cayley
graphs are integers. The (n,k,r)-arrangement graph A(n,k,r) is a graph with all
the k-permutations of an n-element set as vertices where two k-permutations are
adjacent if they differ in exactly r positions. We establish a relation between
the eigenvalues of the arrangement graphs and the eigenvalues of certain Cayley
graphs. As a result, the conjecture on integrality of eigenvalues of A(n,k,1)
follows.


title:
Geometrical origin of ferrimagnetism and superparamagnetism in Fe-based
  double perovskite multiferroics

abstract:
  We show that a superstructure of antiferromagnetically interacting Fe$^{3+}$
($S=5/2$) ions in double perovskites AFe$_{1/2}$M$_{1/2}$O$_{3}$ exhibits a
ferrimagnetic ordering below $T_{fe} \approx 5.6J_1$ ($J_1/k_B \sim 50$~K),
which is close to room temperature. Small clusters of the same structure
exhibit a superparamagnetic behavior at $T \lesssim T_{fe}$. The possibility of
formation of such clusters explains the room-temperature (superpara)magnetism
in 3$d$-metal based oxides.


title: Molecules in the transition disk orbiting T Cha

abstract:
  We seek to establish the presence and properties of gas in the circumstellar
disk orbiting T Cha, a nearby (d~110 pc), relatively evolved (age ~5-7 Myr) yet
actively accreting 1.5 Msun T Tauri star. We used the APEX 12 m radiotelescope
to search for submillimeter molecular emission from the T Cha disk, and we
reanalyzed archival XMM-Newton spectroscopy of T Cha to ascertain the
intervening absorption due to disk gas along the line of sight to the star
(N_H). We detected submillimeter rotational transitions of 12CO, 13CO, HCN, CN
and HCO+ from the T Cha disk. The 12CO line appears to display a double-peaked
line profile indicative of Keplerian rotation. Analysis of the CO emission line
data indicates that the disk around T Cha has a mass (M_disk,H_2 = 80 M_earth)
similar to, but more compact (R_disk, CO~80 AU) than, other nearby, evolved
molecular disks (e.g. V4046 Sgr, TW Hya, MP Mus) in which cold molecular gas
has been previously detected. The HCO+/13CO and HCN/13CO, line ratios measured
for T Cha appear similar to those of other evolved circumstellar disks (i.e. TW
Hya and V4046 Sgr), while the CN/13CO ratio appears somewhat weaker. Analysis
of the XMM-Newton data shows that the atomic absorption $N_H$ toward T Cha is
1-2 orders of magnitude larger than toward the other nearby T Tauri with
evolved disks. Furthermore, the ratio between atomic absorption and optical
extinction N_H/A_V toward T Cha is higher than the typical value observed for
the interstellar medium and young stellar objects in the Orion Nebula Cluster.
This may suggest that the fraction of metals in the disk gas is higher than in
the interstellar medium. Our results confirm that pre-main sequence stars older
than ~5 Myr, when accreting, retain cold molecular disks, and that those
relatively evolved disks display similar physical and chemical properties.