title: Iterated Index and the Mean Euler Characteristic

abstract:
  The aim of the paper is three-fold. We begin by proving a formula, both
global and local versions, relating the number of periodic orbits of an
iterated map and the Lefschetz numbers, or indices in the local case, of its
iterations. This formula is then used to express the mean Euler characteristic
(MEC) of a contact manifold in terms of local, purely topological, invariants
of closed Reeb orbits, without any non-degeneracy assumption on the orbits.
Finally, turning to applications of the local MEC formula to dynamics, we use
it to reprove a theorem asserting the existence of at least two closed Reeb
orbits on the standard contact three-sphere (by Cristofaro-Gardiner and
Hutchings in the most general form) and the existence of at least two closed
geodesics for a Finsler metric on the two-sphere (Bangert and Long).


title: Coherent temporal imaging with analog time-bandwidth compression

abstract:
  We introduce the concept of coherent temporal imaging and its combination
with the anamorphic stretch transform. The new system can measure both temporal
profile of fast waveforms as well as their spectrum in real time and at
high-throughput. We show that the combination of coherent detection and warped
time-frequency mapping also performs time-bandwidth compression. By reducing
the temporal width without sacrificing spectral resolution, it addresses the
Big Data problem in real time instruments. The proposed method is the first
application of the recently demonstrated Anamorphic Stretch Transform to
temporal imaging. Using this method narrow spectral features beyond the
spectrometer resolution can be captured. At the same time the output bandwidth
and hence the record length is minimized. Coherent detection allows the
temporal imaging and dispersive Fourier transform systems to operate in the
traditional far field as well as in near field regimes.


title:
Multiband processing of multimode light: combining 3D photonic lanterns
  with waveguide Bragg gratings

abstract:
  The first demonstration of narrowband spectral filtering of multimode light
on a 3D integrated photonic chip using photonic lanterns and waveguide Bragg
gratings is reported. The photonic lanterns with multi-notch waveguide Bragg
gratings were fabricated using the femtosecond direct-write technique in
boro-aluminosilicate glass (Corning, Eagle 2000). Transmission dips of up to 5
dB were measured in both photonic lanterns and reference single-mode waveguides
with 10.4-mm-long gratings. The result demonstrates efficient and symmetrical
performance of each of the gratings in the photonic lantern. Such devices will
be beneficial to space-division multiplexed communication systems as well as
for units for astronomical instrumentation for suppression of the atmospheric
telluric emission from OH lines.


title: Effective weak Lagrangians in the Standard Model and B decays

abstract:
  Weak processes (e.g., B decays) with characteristic energies <<M_W can be
described by an effective theory which does not contain W, Z and other heavy
particles (Higgs, t). Its Lagrangian contains four-fermion interaction
operators. Essentially it is the theory proposed by Fermi and improved by
Feynman, Gell-Mann, Marshak, Sudarshan.


title:
Modular categories, orbit method and character sheaves on unipotent
  groups

abstract:
  Let $G$ be a unipotent group over a field of characteristic $p > 0$. The
theory of character sheaves on $G$ was initiated by V. Drinfeld and developed
jointly with D. Boyarchenko. They also introduced the notion of
$\mathbb{L}$-packets of character sheaves. Each $\mathbb{L}$-packet can be
described in terms of a modular category. Now suppose that the nilpotence class
of $G$ is less than $p$. Then the $\mathbb{L}$-packets are in bijection with
the set $\mathfrak{g}^*/G$ of coadjoint orbits, where $\mathfrak{g}$ is the Lie
ring scheme obtained from $G$ using the Lazard correspondence and
$\mathfrak{g}^*$ is the Serre dual of $G$. If $\Omega$ is a coadjoint orbit,
then the corresponding modular category can be identified with the category of
$G$-equivariant local systems on $\Omega$. This in turn is equivalent to the
category of finite dimensional representations of a finite group. However, the
associativity, braiding and ribbon constraints are nontrivial. Drinfeld gave a
conjectural description of these constraints in 2006. In this article, we prove
the formula describing the ribbon structure when $\dim(\Omega)$ is even.


title: Light-front zero-mode issue on the vector meson decay constant

abstract:
  We discuss the light-front zero-mode issue in the light-front quark model
(LFQM) prediction of a vector meson decay constant from the perspective of the
vacuum fluctuation consistent with the chiral symmetry of QCD. We extend the
exactly solvable manifestly covariant Bethe-Salpeter model calculation to the
more phenomenologically accessible realistic LFQM and present a self-consistent
covariant description of the vector meson decay constant analyzing the twist-2
and twist-3 quark-antiquark distribution amplitudes with even chirality.


title:
The density of mid-sized Kuiper belt object 2002 UX25 and the formation
  of the dwarf planets

abstract:
  The formation of the largest objects in the Kuiper belt, with measured
densities of ~1.5 g cm-3 and higher, from the coagulation of small bodies, with
measured densities below 1 g cm-3 is difficult to explain without invoking
significant porosity in the smallest objects. If such porosity does occur,
measured densities should begin to increase at the size at which significant
porosity is no longer supported. Among the asteroids, this transition occurs
for diameters larger than ~350 km. In the Kuiper belt, no density measurements
have been made between ~350 km and ~850 km, the diameter range where porosities
might first begin to drop. Objects in this range could provide key tests of the
rock fraction of small Kuiper belt objects. Here we report the orbital
characterization, mass, and density determination of the 2002 UX25 system in
the Kuiper belt. For this object, with a diameter of ~650 km, we find a density
of 0.82+/-0.11 g cm-3, making it the largest solid known object in the solar
system with a measured density below that of pure water ice. We argue that the
porosity of this object is unlikely to be above ~20%, suggesting a low rock
fraction. If the currently measured densities of Kuiper belt objects are a fair
representation of the sample as a whole, creating ~1000 km and larger Kuiper
belt objects with rock mass fractions of 70% and higher from coagulation of
small objects with rock fractions as low as those inferred from 2002 UX25 is
difficult.


title: Blocks and support varieties

abstract:
  The theory of support varieties gives a rich supply of examples of thick
subcategories of the stable module category of a finite group algebra. We study
direct sum decompositions of such categories. We give examples where there are
finer decompositions than one might originally expect, and relate this to
Linckelmann's theory of block varieties.


title: Majorana fermions in $T$-shaped semiconductor nanostructures

abstract:
  We investigate the Majorana fermions in a $T$-shaped semiconductor
nanostructure with the Rashba spin-orbit coupling and a magnetic field in the
proximity of an s-wave superconductor. It is found that the properties of the
low-energy modes (including the Majorana and near-zero-energy modes) at the
ends of this system are similar to those in the Majorana nanowire. However,
very distinct from the nanowire, one Majorana mode emerges at the intersection
of the $T$-shaped structure when the number of the low-energy modes at each end
$N$ is odd, whereas neither Majorana nor near-zero-energy mode appears at the
intersection for even $N$. We also discover that the intersection Majorana mode
plays an important role in the transport through the above $T$-shaped
nanostructure with each end connected with a normal lead. Due to the presence
of the intersection mode, the deviation of the zero-bias conductance from the
ideal value in the long-arm limit $Ne^2/h$ is more pronounced in the regime of
odd $N$ compared to the one of even $N$. Furthermore, when the magnetic field
increases from the regime of odd $N$ to the one of even $N+1$, the deviation
from the ideal value tends to decrease. This behavior is also very distinct
from that in a nanowire, where the deviation always tends to increase with the
increase of magnetic field.


title: Photonic spin Hall effect in topological insulators

abstract:
  In this paper we theoretically investigate the photonic spin Hall effect
(SHE) of a Gaussian beam reflected from the interface between air and
topological insulators (TIs). The photonic SHE is attributed to spin-orbit
coupling and manifests itself as in-plane and transverse spin-dependent
splitting. We reveal that the spin-orbit coupling effect in TIs can be routed
by adjusting the axion angle variations. Unlike the transverse spin-dependent
splitting, we find that the in-plane one is sensitive to the axion angle. It is
shown that the polarization structure in magneto-optical Kerr effect is
significantly altered due to the spin-dependent splitting in photonic SHE. We
theoretically propose a weak measurement method to determine the strength of
axion coupling by probing the in-plane splitting of photonic SHE.


title: Singularity confinement for matrix discrete Painleve Equations

abstract:
  We study the analytic properties of a matrix discrete system introduced in
[7]. The singularity confinement for this system is shown to hold generically,
i.e. in the whole space of parameters except possibly for algebraic
subvarieties. This paves the way to a generalization of Painleve analysis to
discrete matrix models.


title: A Quantitative Steinitz Theorem for Plane Triangulations

abstract:
  We give a new proof of Steinitz's classical theorem in the case of plane
triangulations, which allows us to obtain a new general bound on the grid size
of the simplicial polytope realizing a given triangulation, subexponential in a
number of special cases.
  Formally, we prove that every plane triangulation $G$ with $n$ vertices can
be embedded in $\mathbb{R}^2$ in such a way that it is the vertical projection
of a convex polyhedral surface. We show that the vertices of this surface may
be placed in a $4n^3 \times 8n^5 \times \zeta(n)$ integer grid, where $\zeta(n)
\leq (500 n^8)^{\tau(G)}$ and $\tau(G)$ denotes the shedding diameter of $G$, a
quantity defined in the paper.


title:
Artificial Synapse Network on Inorganic Proton Conductor for
  Neuromorphic Systems Applications

abstract:
  The basic units in our brain are neurons and each neuron has more than 1000
synapse connections. Synapse is the basic structure for information transfer in
an ever-changing manner, and short-term plasticity allows synapses to perform
critical computational functions in neural circuits. Therefore the major
challenge for the hardware implementation of neuromorphic computation is to
develop artificial synapse. Here, in-plane oxide-based artificial synapse
network coupled by proton neurotransmitters are self-assembled on glass
substrates at room-temperature. A strong lateral modulation is observed due to
the proton migration in the nanogranular phosphorus-doped SiO2 electrolyte
films. Functional roles of short-term plasticity, including paired-pulse
facilitation, dynamic filtering and spatiotemporally correlated signal
processing are mimicked. Such in-plane oxide-based protonic/electronic hybrid
synapse network proposed here are interesting for building future neuromorphic
systems.


title: Computing Class Groups of Function Fields Using Stark Units

abstract:
  Let $k$ be a fixed finite geometric extension of the rational function field
$\mathbb{F}_q(t)$. Let $F/k$ be a finite abelian extension such that there is
an $\Fq$-rational place $\infty$ in $k$ which splits in $F/k$ and let
$\mathcal{O}_F$ denote the integral closure in $F$ of the ring of functions in
$k$ that are regular outside $\infty$. We describe algorithms for computing the
divisor class number and in certain cases for computing the structure of the
divisor class group and discrete logarithms between Galois conjugate divisors
in the divisor class group of $F$. The algorithms are efficient when $F$ is a
narrow ray class field or a small index subextension of a narrow ray class
field.\\ \\ We prove that for all prime $\ell$ not dividing $q(q-1)[F:k]$, the
structure of the $\ell$-part of the ideal class group $\p(\cO_F)$ of
$\mathcal{O}_F$ is determined by Kolyvagin derivative classes that are
constructed out of Euler systems associated with Stark units. This leads to an
algorithm to compute the structure of the $\ell$ primary part of the divisor
class group of a narrow ray class field for all primes $\ell$ not dividing
$q(q-1)[F:k]$.


title:
Novel behavior of upper critical field due to nematic order in $d$-wave
  superconductors

abstract:
  In recent years, there have been increasing experimental evidence suggesting
the existence of an electronic nematic state in a number of unconventional
$d$-wave superconductors. Interestingly, it is expected that the long-range
nematic order can coexist with $d$-wave superconductivity. We analyze the
in-plane upper critical field $H_{c2}$ after taking the influence of nematic
state into account, and find that the four-fold oscillation of angle-dependent
$H_{c2}$ in a pure $d$-wave superconducting state is turned into a novel
two-fold oscillation pattern by a weak nematic order. Moreover, such effect is
much more significant at higher temperatures. These behaviors are measurable
and may be used to probe the predicted coexisting nematic order in $d$-wave
superconductors. In addition, we show that the concrete angular dependence of
$H_{c2}$ and the positions of its maximum can be strongly affected by several
parameters, including temperature and $T_c$.


title: LP Mixed Data Science : Outline of Theory

abstract:
  This article presents the theoretical foundation of a new frontier of
research-`LP Mixed Data Science'-that simultaneously extends and integrates the
practice of traditional and novel statistical methods for nonparametric
exploratory data modeling, and is applicable to the teaching and training of
statistics.
  Statistics journals have great difficulty accepting papers unlike those
previously published. For statisticians with new big ideas a practical strategy
is to publish them in many small applied studies which enables one to provide
references to work of others. This essay outlines the many concepts, new
theory, and important algorithms of our new culture of statistical science
called LP MIXED DATA SCIENCE. It provides comprehensive solutions to problems
of data analysis and nonparametric modeling of many variables that are
continuous or discrete, which does not yet have a large literature. It develops
a new modeling approach to nonparametric estimation of the multivariate copula
density. We discuss the theory which we believe is very elegant (and can
provide a framework for United Statistical Algorithms, for traditional Small
Data methods and Big Data methods).


title:
On the Christoffel--Darboux formula for generalized matrix orthogonal
  polynomials of multigraded-Hankel type

abstract:
  We obtain an extension of the Christoffel--Darboux formula for matrix
orthogonal polynomials with a generalized Hankel symmetry, including the
Adler-van Moerbeke generalized orthogonal polynomials.


title: Time to Extinction in Subcritical Two-Sex Branching Processes

abstract:
  Lower and upper bounds for the cumulative distribution function (cdf) of the
time to extinction in a subcritical two-sex branching process are derived. A
recursive procedure for approximating this cdf is also utilized. The results
are illustrated with some simulations.


title: Equivalence and normal forms of bilinear forms

abstract:
  We present an alternative account of the problem of classifying and finding
normal forms for arbitrary bilinear forms. Beginning from basic results
developed by Riehm, our solution to this problem hinges on the classification
of indecomposable forms and in how uniquely they fit together to produce all
other forms. We emphasize the use of split forms, i.e., those bilinear forms
such that the minimal polynomial of the asymmetry of their non-degenerate part
splits over ground field, rather than restricting the field to be algebraically
closed. In order to obtain the most explicit results, without resorting to the
classification of hermitian, symmetric and quadratic forms, we merely require
that the underlying field be quadratically closed.


title:
From Poloidal to Toroidal: Detection of Well-ordered Magnetic Field in
  High-mass Proto-cluster G35.2-0.74N

abstract:
  We report on detection of an ordered magnetic field (B field) threading a
massive star-forming clump in the molecular cloud G35.2-0.74, using
Submillimeter Array observations of polarized dust emission. Thanks to the
sensitive and high-angular-resolution observations, we are able to resolve the
morphology of the B field in the plane of sky and detect a great turn of 90
degree in the B field direction: Over the northern part of the clump, where a
velocity gradient is evident, the B field is largely aligned with the long axis
of the clump, whereas in the southern part, where the velocity field appears
relatively uniform, the B field is slightly pinched with its mean direction
perpendicular to the clump elongation. We suggest that the clump forms as its
parent cloud collapses more along the large scale B field. In this process, the
northern part carries over most of the angular momentum, forming a fast
rotating system, and pulls the B field into a toroidal configuration. In
contrast, the southern part is not significantly rotating and the B field
remains in a poloidal configuration. A statistical analysis of the observed
polarization dispersion yields a B field strength of ~ 1 mG, a
turbulent-to-magnetic energy ratio of order unity, and a mass-to-magnetic flux
ratio of ~ 2--3 in units of the critical value. Detailed calculations support
our hypothesis that the B field in the northern part is being rotationally
distorted. Our observations, in conjunction with early single-dish data,
suggest that the B field may play a critical role in the formation of the dense
clump, whereas rotation and turbulence could also be important in further
dynamical evolution of the clump. The observations also provide evidence for a
wide-angle outflow driven from a strongly rotating region whose B field is
largely toroidal.


title:
Subgap Two-Photon States in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Evidence
  for Strong Electron Correlations

abstract:
  Strong electron correlation effects in the photophysics of
quasi-one-dimensional $\pi$-conjugated organic systems such as polyenes,
polyacetylenes, polydiacetylenes, etc., have been extensively studied. Far less
is known on correlation effects in two-dimensional $\pi$-conjugated systems.
Here we present theoretical and experimental evidence for moderate repulsive
electron-electron interactions in a number of finite polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon molecules with $D_{6h}$ symmetry. We show that the excited state
orderings in these molecules are reversed relative to that expected within
one-electron and mean-field theories. Our results reflect similarities as well
as differences in the role and magnitude of electron correlation effects in
these two-dimensional molecules compared to those in polyenes.


title:
Nonlinear theory of laser-induced dipolar interactions in arbitrary
  geometry

abstract:
  Polarizable dipoles, such as atoms, molecules or nanoparticles, subject to
laser radiation, may attract or repel each other. We derive a general formalism
in which such laser-induced dipole-dipole interactions (LIDDI) in any geometry
and for any laser strength are described in terms of the resonant dipole-dipole
interaction (RDDI) between dipoles dressed by the laser. Our expressions
provide a physically clear and technically simple route towards the analysis of
LIDDI in a general geometry. This approach can treat both mechanical and
internal-state interactions between the dipoles. Our general results reveal
LIDDI effects due to nonlinear dipole-laser interactions, unaccounted for by
previous treatments of LIDDI. We discuss, via several simple approaches, the
origin of these nonlinear effects and their absence in previous works.


title: Maxwell's Equations, The Euler Index and Morse Theory

abstract:
  We show show that the singularities of the Fresnel surface for Maxwell's
equation on an anisotrpic material can be accounted from purely topological
considerations. The importance of these singularities is that they explain the
phenomenon of conical refraction predicted by Hamilton. We show how to
de-singularise the Fresnel surface, which will allow us to use Morse theory to
find lower bounds for the number of critical wave velocities inside the
material under consideration. Finally, we propose a program to generalise the
results obtained to the general case of hyperbolic differential operators on
differentiable bundles.


title:
Coefficients of \v{S}apovalov elements for simple Lie algebras and
  contragredient Lie superalgebras

abstract:
  We provide upper bounds on the degrees of the coefficients of \v{S}apovalov
elements for a simple Lie algebra. If $\fg$ is a contragredient Lie
superalgebra and $\gc$ is a positive isotropic root of $\fg,$ we prove the
existence and uniqueness of the \v{S}apovalov element for $\gc$ and we obtain
upper bounds on the degrees of their coefficients. For type A Lie superalgebras
we give a closed formula for \v{S}apovalov elements.
  Often the coefficients of \v{S}apovalov elements are products of linear
factors, and we provide some reasons for this coming from representation
theory. We also explore the relationships between \v{S}apovalov elements coming
from different roots, and their behavior when the Borel subalgebra is changed.


title:
The $\Sigma$(1385) photoproduciton from proton within a
  Regge-plus-resonance approach

abstract:
  The interaction mechanism of the $\Sigma$(1385) photoproduction from proton
is investigated within a Regge-plus-resonance approach based on the
experimental data released by CLAS Collaboration recently. The t-channel and
u-channel contributions are responsible to the behaviors of the differential
cross sections at forward and backward angles, respectively. The contributions
from nucleon resonances including $N^*$ and $\Delta^*$, which are determined by
the predicted decay amplitudes in constituent quark model, are found small but
essential to reproduce the differential cross section especially the
contribution from $F_{35}$ state $\Delta(2000)$.


title: First Order Symbols on Surfaces and their multiplicity sets

abstract:
  We study the multiplicity sets of first order symbols associated with
differential operators on two dimensional surfaces. This work is inspired by
the phenomenon of conical refraction explained by the existence of
singularities in the Fresnel hyper-surface for Maxwell's equations on an
anisotropic crystal.


title: Graphs with no 7-wheel subdivision

abstract:
  The subgraph homeomorphism problem, SHP($H$), has been shown to be
polynomial-time solvable for any fixed pattern graph $H$, but practical
algorithms have been developed only for a few specific pattern graphs. Among
these are the wheels with four, five, and six spokes. This paper examines the
subgraph homeomorphism problem where the pattern graph is a wheel with seven
spokes, and gives a result that describes graphs with no $W_{7}$-subdivision,
showing how they can be built up, using certain operations, from smaller
`pieces' that meet certain conditions. We also discuss algorithmic aspects of
the problem.


title:
Search strategies for developing characterizations of graphs without
  small wheel subdivisions

abstract:
  Practical algorithms for solving the Subgraph Homeomorphism Problem are known
for only a few small pattern graphs: among these are the wheel graphs with
four, five, six, and seven spokes. The length and difficulty of the proofs
leading to these algorithms increase greatly as the size of the pattern graph
increases. Proving a result for the wheel with six spokes requires extensive
case analysis on many small graphs, and even more such analysis is needed for
the wheel with seven spokes. This paper describes algorithms and programs used
to automate the generation and testing of the graphs that arise as cases in
these proofs. The main algorithm given may be useful in a more general context,
for developing other characterizations of SHP-related properties.


title: Automorphisms of the doubles of purely non-abelian finite groups

abstract:
  Using a recent classification of $\operatorname{End}(\mathcal{D}(G))$, we
determine a number of properties for $\operatorname{Aut}(\mathcal{D}(G))$,
where $\mathcal{D}(G)$ is the Drinfel'd double of a finite group $G$.
Furthermore, we completely describe $\operatorname{Aut}(\mathcal{D}(G))$ for
all purely non-abelian finite groups $G$. A description of the action of
$\operatorname{Aut}(\mathcal{D}(G))$ on $\operatorname{Rep}(\mathcal{D}(G))$ is
also given. We are also able to produce a simple proof that
$\mathcal{D}(G)\cong\mathcal{D}(H)$ if and only if $G\cong H$, for $G$ and $H$
finite groups.


title:
Approximate Message Passing-based Compressed Sensing Reconstruction with
  Generalized Elastic Net Prior

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the compressed sensing reconstruction problem with
generalized elastic net prior (GENP), where a sparse signal is sampled via a
noisy underdetermined linear observation system, and an additional initial
estimation of the signal (the GENP) is available during the reconstruction. We
first incorporate the GENP into the LASSO and the approximate message passing
(AMP) frameworks, denoted by GENP-LASSO and GENP-AMP respectively. We then
investigate the parameter selection, state evolution, and noise-sensitivity
analysis of GENP-AMP. We show that, thanks to the GENP, there is no phase
transition boundary in the proposed frameworks, i.e., the reconstruction error
is bounded in the entire plane. The error is also smaller than those of the
standard AMP and scalar denoising. A practical parameterless version of the
GENP-AMP is also developed, which does not need to know the sparsity of the
unknown signal and the variance of the GENP. Simulation results are presented
to verify the efficiency of the proposed schemes.


title: Computations of Galois Representations Associated to Modular Forms

abstract:
  We propose an improved algorithm for computing mod $\ell$ Galois
representations associated to a cusp form $f$ of level one. The proposed method
allows us to explicitly compute the case with $\ell=29$ and $f$ of weight
$k=16$, and the cases with $\ell=31$ and $f$ of weight $k=12,20, 22$. All the
results are rigorously proved to be correct.
  As an example, we will compute the values modulo $31$ of Ramanujan's tau
function at some huge primes up to a sign. Also we will give an improved higher
bound on Lehmer's conjecture for Ramanujan's tau function.


title:
Integrated photonic building blocks for next-generation astronomical
  instrumentation II: the multimode to single mode transition

abstract:
  There are numerous advantages to exploiting diffraction-limited
instrumentation at astronomical observatories, which include smaller
footprints, less mechanical and thermal instabilities and high levels of
performance. To realize such instrumentation it is imperative to convert the
atmospheric seeing-limited signal that is captured by the telescope into a
diffraction-limited signal. This process can be achieved photonically by using
a mode reformatting device known as a photonic lantern that performs a
multimode to single-mode transition. With the aim of developing an optimized
integrated photonic lantern, we undertook a systematic parameter scan of
devices fabricated by the femtosecond laser direct-write technique. The devices
were designed for operation around 1.55 {\mu}m. The devices showed (coupling
and transition) losses of less than 5% for F/# $\geq$ 12 injection and the
total device throughput (including substrate absorption) as high as 75-80%.
Such devices show great promise for future use in astronomy.


title:
Magnetic interactions in the Martensitic phase of Mn rich Ni-Mn-In shape
  memory alloys

abstract:
  The magnetic properties of Mn$_{2}$Ni$_{(1+x)}$In$_{(1-x)}$ ($x$ = 0.5, 0.6,
0.7) and Mn$_{(2-y)}$Ni$_{(1.6+y)}$In$_{0.4}$ ($y$ = -0.08, -0.04, 0.04, 0.08)
shape memory alloys have been studied. Magnetic interactions in the martensitic
phase of these alloys are found to be quite similar to those in
Ni$_2$Mn$_{(1+x)}$In$_{(1-x)}$ type alloys. Doping of Ni for In not only
induces martensitic instability in Mn$_2$NiIn type alloys but also affects
magnetic properties due to a site occupancy disorder. Excess Ni preferentially
occupies X sites forcing Mn to the Z sites of X$_2$YZ Heusler composition
resulting in a transition from ferromagnetic ground state to a state dominated
by ferromagnetic Mn(Y) - Mn(Y) and antiferromagnetic Mn(Y)-Mn(Z) interactions.
These changes in magnetic ground state manifest themselves in observation of
exchange bias effect even in zero field cooled condition and virgin
magnetization curve lying outside the hysteresis loop.


title:
Top eigenvalue of a random matrix: large deviations and third order
  phase transition

abstract:
  We study the fluctuations of the largest eigenvalue $\lambda_{\max}$ of $N
\times N$ random matrices in the limit of large $N$. The main focus is on
Gaussian $\beta$-ensembles, including in particular the Gaussian orthogonal
($\beta=1$), unitary ($\beta=2$) and symplectic ($\beta = 4$) ensembles. The
probability density function (PDF) of $\lambda_{\max}$ consists, for large $N$,
of a central part described by Tracy-Widom distributions flanked, on both
sides, by two large deviations tails. While the central part characterizes the
typical fluctuations of $\lambda_{\max}$ -- of order ${\cal O}(N^{-2/3})$ --,
the large deviations tails are instead associated to extremely rare
fluctuations -- of order ${\cal O}(1)$. Here we review some recent developments
in the theory of these extremely rare events using a Coulomb gas approach. We
discuss in particular the third-order phase transition which separates the left
tail from the right tail, a transition akin to the so-called Gross-Witten-Wadia
phase transition found in 2-d lattice quantum chromodynamics. We also discuss
the occurrence of similar third-order transitions in various physical problems,
including non-intersecting Brownian motions, conductance fluctuations in
mesoscopic physics and entanglement in a bipartite system.

categories: cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.dis-nn math-ph math.MP math.PR


title: Observations on the Perturbed Wedge

abstract:
  Santos' construction of the first known counterexample to the Hirsch
conjecture, for bounded polytopes, follows the strategy of first finding a
counterexample to the nonrevisiting conjecture. Santos constructs a
$5$-dimensional all-but-simple spindle $(P,x,y)$ of length $6$, which is a
counterexample to the nonrevisiting conjecture.
  For simple polytopes, if we had a counterexample to the nonrevisiting
conjecture, we would produce the corresponding counterexample to the Hirsch
conjecture through repeated wedging, over all the facets not incident to $x$ or
$y$. However, Santos $5$-dimensional spindle is not simple. Every facet is
incident to either $x$ or $y$, so we need an alternate method to produce the
corresponding counterexample to the Hirsch conjecture. Santos has offered the
perturbed wedge to accomplish this.
  In these working notes, we offer some technical details regarding the
nonsimplicities under iterations of the perturbed wedge construction.
  NOTE: these are working notes about the construction.


title:
Complex-Plane Generalization of Scalar Levin Transforms: A Robust,
  Rapidly Convergent Method to Compute Potentials and Fields in Multi-Layered
  Media

abstract:
  We propose the complex-plane generalization of a powerful algebraic sequence
acceleration algorithm, the Method of Weighted Averages (MWA), to guarantee
exponential-cum-algebraic convergence of Fourier and Fourier-Hankel (F-H)
integral transforms. This "complex-plane" MWA, effected via a linear-path
detour in the complex plane, results in rapid, absolute convergence of
field/potential solutions in multi-layered environments regardless of the
source-observer geometry and anisotropy/loss of the media present. In this
work, we first introduce a new integration path used to evaluate the field
contribution arising from the radiation spectra. Subsequently, we (1) exhibit
the foundational relations behind the complex-plane extension to a general
Levin-type sequence convergence accelerator, (2) specialize this analysis to
one member of the Levin transform family (the MWA), (3) address and circumvent
restrictions, arising for two-dimensional integrals associated with wave
dynamics problems, through minimal complex-plane detour restrictions and a
novel partition of the integration domain, (4) develop and compare two
formulations based on standard/real-axis MWA variants, and (5) present
validation results and convergence characteristics for one of these two
formulations.


title: ML(n)BiCGStabt: A ML(n)BiCGStab variant with A-transpose

abstract:
  The 1980 IDR method plays an important role in the history of Krylov subspace
methods. It started the research of transpose-free Krylov subspace methods. In
this paper, we make a first attempt to bring back A-transpose to the research
area by presenting a new ML(n)BiCGStab variant that involves A-transpose in its
implementation. Comparisons of this new algorithm with the existing
ML(n)BiCGStab algorithms will be presented.


title: Non-Perturbative Quantum Geometry

abstract:
  The beta-ensemble with cubic potential can be used to study a quantum
particle in a double-well potential with symmetry breaking term. The quantum
mechanical perturbative energy arises from the ensemble free energy in a novel
large N limit. A relation between the generating functions of the exact
non-perturbative energy, similar in spirit to the one of Dunne-Unsal, is found.
The exact quantization condition of Zinn-Justin and Jentschura is equivalent to
the Nekrasov-Shatashvili quantization condition on the level of the ensemble.
Refined topological string theory in the Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit arises as a
large N limit of quantum mechanics.


title:
Electron recombination, photoionization and scattering via many-electron
  compound resonances

abstract:
  Highly excited eigenstates of atoms and ions with open f shell are chaotic
superpositions of thousands, or even millions of Hartree-Fock determinant
states. The interaction between dielectronic and multielectronic configurations
leads to the broadening of dielectronic recombination resonances and relative
enhancement of photon emission due to opening of thousands of radiative decay
channels. The radiative yield is close to 100% for electron energy . 1 eV and
rapidly decreases for higher energies due to opening of many autoionization
channels. The same mechanism predicts suppression of photoionization and
relative enhancement of the Raman scattering. Results of our calculations of
the recombination rate are in agreement with the experimental data for W20+ and
Au25+.


title:
Star Formation Quenching in High-redshift Large-scale Structure:
  Post-starburst Galaxies in the Cl1604 Supercluster at $z \sim 0.9$

abstract:
  The Cl1604 supercluster at $z \sim 0.9$ is one of the most extensively
studied high redshift large scale structures, with more than 500
spectroscopically confirmed members. It consists of 8 clusters and groups, with
members numbering from a dozen to nearly a hundred, providing a broad range of
environments for investigating the large scale environmental effects on galaxy
evolution. Here we examine the properties of 48 post-starburst galaxies in
Cl1604, comparing them to other galaxy populations in the same supercluster.
Incorporating photometry from ground-based optical and near-infrared imaging,
along with $Spitzer$ mid-infrared observations, we derive stellar masses for
all Cl1604 members. The colors and stellar masses of the K+A galaxies support
the idea that they are progenitors of red sequence galaxies. Their
morphologies, residual star-formation rates, and spatial distributions suggest
galaxy mergers may be the principal mechanism producing post-starburst
galaxies. Interaction between galaxies and the dense intra-cluster medium is
also effective, but only in the cores of dynamically evolved clusters. The
prevalence of post-starburst galaxies in clusters correlates with the dynamical
state of the host cluster, as both galaxy mergers and the dense intra-cluster
medium produce post-starburst galaxies. We also investigate the incompleteness
and contamination of K+A samples selected by means of H$\delta$ and [OII]
equivalent widths. K+A samples may be up to $\sim50\%$ incomplete due to the
presence of LINER/Seyferts and up to $\sim30\%$ of K+A galaxies could have
substantial star formation activity.


title: High-dimensional $p$-norms

abstract:
  Let $\bX=(X_1, \hdots, X_d)$ be a $\mathbb R^d$-valued random vector with
i.i.d. components, and let $\Vert\bX\Vert_p= (\sum_{j=1}^d|X_j|^p)^{1/p}$ be
its $p$-norm, for $p>0$. The impact of letting $d$ go to infinity on
$\Vert\bX\Vert_p$ has surprising consequences, which may dramatically affect
high-dimensional data processing. This effect is usually referred to as the
{\it distance concentration phenomenon} in the computational learning
literature. Despite a growing interest in this important question, previous
work has essentially characterized the problem in terms of numerical
experiments and incomplete mathematical statements. In the present paper, we
solidify some of the arguments which previously appeared in the literature and
offer new insights into the phenomenon.


title:
The kinematics and orbital dynamics of the PSR B1259$-$63/LS 2883 system
  from 23 years of pulsar timing

abstract:
  We present an analysis of $23~$yr of pulse arrival times for PSR B1259$-$63.
The pulsar is in a binary orbit about its approximately $20~M_{\odot}$
companion LS$~$2883. Our best-fitting timing solution has none of the
pulse-number ambiguities that have plagued previous attempts to model the
binary orbit. We measure significant first and second time derivatives of the
projected semimajor axis and longitude of the periastron of the orbit. These
variations are found to be consistent with the precession of the orbital plane
due to classical spin-orbit coupling. The derived moment of inertia and spin of
the companion are consistent with the companion rotating at near-breakup
velocity. The system configuration is also consistent with the geometry derived
from both the polarisation of the radio emission and the eclipse of the pulsar
by the equatorial disc of the companion. We find strong evidence for orbital
period decay that can be attributed to mass loss from the companion star. We
also measure a significant proper motion that locates the birth of the system
in the Centaurus OB1 association. By combining proper motion of the pulsar with
radial velocity measurements of the companion, we measure the three-dimensional
velocity of the system. This velocity is used to constrain the masses of the
stars prior to the supernova explosion and the kick the pulsar received at or
immediately after the explosion.


title:
Scheme independent consequence of the NSVZ relation for N=1 SQED with
  N_f flavors

abstract:
  The exact NSVZ $\beta$-function is obtained for ${\cal N}=1$ SQED with $N_f$
flavors in all orders of the perturbation theory, if the renormalization group
functions are defined in terms of the bare coupling constant and the theory is
regularized by higher derivatives. However, if the renormalization group
functions are defined in terms of the renormalized coupling constant, the NSVZ
relation between the $\beta$-function and the anomalous dimension of the matter
superfields is valid only in a certain (NSVZ) scheme. We prove that for ${\cal
N}=1$ SQED with $N_f$ flavors the NSVZ relation is valid for the terms
proportional to $(N_f)^1$ in an arbitrary subtraction scheme, while the terms
proportional to $(N_f)^k$ with $k\ge 2$ are scheme dependent. These results are
verified by an explicit calculation of a three-loop $\beta$-function and a
two-loop anomalous dimension made with the higher derivative regularization in
the NSVZ and MOM subtraction schemes. In this approximation it is verified that
in the MOM subtraction scheme the renormalization group functions obtained with
the higher derivative regularization and with the dimensional reduction
coincide.


title: Performance of Kepler GTX Titan GPUs and Xeon Phi System

abstract:
  NVIDIA's new architecture, Kepler improves GPU's performance significantly
with the new streaming multiprocessor SMX. Along with the performance, NVIDIA
has also introduced many new technologies such as direct parallelism, hyper-Q
and GPU Direct with RDMA. Apart from other usual GPUs, NVIDIA also released
another Kepler 'GeForce' GPU named GTX Titan. GeForce GTX Titan is not only
good for gaming but also good for high performance computing with CUDA.
Nevertheless, it is remarkably cheaper than Kepler Tesla GPUs. We investigate
the performance of GTX Titan and find out how to optimize a CUDA code
appropriately for it. Meanwhile, Intel has launched its new many integrated
core (MIC) system, Xeon Phi. A Xeon Phi coprocessor could provide similar
performance with NVIDIA Kepler GPUs theoretically but, in reality, it turns out
that its performance is significantly inferior to GTX Titan.


title: Search for exotic heavy top and bottom quark partners with CMS

abstract:
  We present searches for massive top and bottom quark partners at CMS using
LHC pp collision data collected at centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV.
Such partners can be found in models predicting vector-like quarks to solve the
hierarchy problem and stabilize the Higgs boson mass. The searches span a range
of final states containing several lepton and jet multiplicities, and limits
were set on mass and production cross sections as a function of branching
ratios.


title: Local free-fall Temperature of GMGHS Black Holes

abstract:
  We obtain a (5+1)-dimensional global flat embedding of the
Gibbons-Maeda-Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger spacetime in Einstein frame, and a
(5+2)-dimensional global flat embedding in string frame. We show that the local
free-fall temperatures for freely falling observers in each frames are finite
at the event horizons, while the local temperatures for fiducial observers are
divergent. We also observe that the local free-fall temperatures differ between
the two frames.


title:
Dynamical holographic QCD model: resembling renormalization group from
  ultraviolet to infrared

abstract:
  Resembling the renormalization group from ultraviolet to infrared, we
construct a dynamical holographic model in the graviton-dilaton-scalar
framework, where the dilaton background field $\Phi$ and scalar field $X$ are
responsible for the gluodynamics and chiral dynamics, respectively. At the UV
boundary, the dilaton field is dual to the dimension-4 gluon operator, and the
scalar field is dual to the dimension-3 quark-antiquark operator. The metric
structure at IR is automatically deformed by the nonperturbative gluon
condensation and chiral condensation in the vacuum. The produced scalar
glueball spectra in the graviton-dilaton framework agree well with lattice
data, and the light-flavor meson spectra generated in the
graviton-dilaton-scalar framework are in well agreement with experimental data.
Both the chiral symmetry breaking and linear confinement are realized in this
dynamical holographic QCD model. The necessary condition for the existence of
linear quark potential is discussed, and the pion form factor is also
investigated in the dynamical holographic QCD model.


title: Covariance Estimation in Elliptical Models with Convex Structure

abstract:
  We address structured covariance estimation in Elliptical distribution. We
assume it is a priori known that the covariance belongs to a given convex set,
e.g., the set of Toeplitz or banded matrices. We consider the General Method of
Moments (GMM) optimization subject to these convex constraints. Unfortunately,
GMM is still non-convex due to objective. Instead, we propose COCA - a convex
relaxation which can be efficiently solved. We prove that the relaxation is
tight in the unconstrained case for a finite number of samples, and in the
constrained case asymptotically. We then illustrate the advantages of COCA in
synthetic simulations with structured Compound Gaussian distributions. In these
examples, COCA outperforms competing methods as Tyler's estimate and its
projection onto a convex set.


title:
On the paradox of Hawking radiation in a maximally extended
  Schwarzschild solution

abstract:
  This paper considers the effect of Hawking radiation on an eternal black hole
- that is. a maximally extended Schwarzschild solution. Symmetry considerations
that hold independent of the details of the emission mechanism show there is an
inconsistency in the claim that such a blackhole evaporates away in a finite
time. In essence: because the external domain is static, there is an infinite
time available for the process to take place, so whenever the evaporation
process is claimed to come to completion, it should have happened earlier. The
problem is identified to lie in the claim that the locus of emission of Hawking
radiation lies just outside the globally defined event horizon. Rather, the
emission domain must be mainly located inside the event horizon, so most of the
Hawking radiation ends up at this singularity rather than at infinity and the
black hole never evaporates away. This result supports a previous claim
[arXiv:1310.4771] that astrophysical black holes do not evaporate.


title: Lee-Yang measures and wave functions

abstract:
  We establish necessary and sufficient conditions for a Borel measure to be a
Lee-Yang one which means that its Fourier transform possesses only real zeros.
Equivalently, we answer a question of P\'olya who asked for a characterisation
of those positive positive, even and sufficiently fast decaying kernels whose
Fourier transforms have only real zeros. The characterisation is given in terms
of Wronskians of polynomials that are orthogonal with respect to the measure.
The results show that Fourier transforms of a rather general class of measures
can be approximated by symmetrized Slater determinants composed by orthogonal
polynomials, that is, by some wave functions which are symmetric like the Boson
ones. Brief comments on possible interpretation and applications of the main
results in quantum and statistical mechanics, to Toda lattices and the general
solution of the heat equation, are given. We discuss briefly the possibility of
represent the Riemann $\xi$ function as a partition function of a statistical
mechanics system.


title: An extended pair-correlation conjecture and primes in short intervals

abstract:
  In this paper we extend the well-known investigations of Montgomery and
Goldston & Montgomery, concerning the pair-correlation function and its
relations with the distribution of primes in short intervals, to a more general
version of the pair-correlation function.


title:
Q-Gaussian Swarm Quantum Particle Intelligence on Predicting Global
  Minimum of Potential Energy Function

abstract:
  We present a newly developed -Gaussian Swarm Quantum-like Particle
Optimization (q-GSQPO) algorithm to determine the global minimum of the
potential energy function. Swarm Quantum-like Particle Optimization (SQPO)
algorithms have been derived using different attractive potential fields to
represent swarm particles moving in a quantum environment, where the one which
uses a harmonic oscillator potential as attractive field is considered as an
improved version. In this paper, we propose a new SQPO that uses -Gaussian
probability density function for the attractive potential field (q-GSQPO)
rather than Gaussian one (GSQPO) which corresponds to harmonic potential. The
performance of the q-GSQPO is compared against the GSQPO. The new algorithm
outperforms the GSQPO on most of the time in convergence to the global optimum
by increasing the efficiency of sampling the phase space and avoiding the
premature convergence to local minima. Moreover, the computational efforts were
comparable for both algorithms. We tested the algorithm to determine the lowest
energy configurations of a particle moving in a 2, 5, 10, and 50 dimensional
spaces.


title: Counting Conjugacy Classes of Elements of Finite Order in Lie Groups

abstract:
  Using combinatorial techniques, we answer two questions about simple
classical Lie groups. Define $N(G,m)$ to be the number of conjugacy classes of
elements of finite order $m$ in a Lie group $G$, and $N(G,m,s)$ to be the
number of such classes whose elements have $s$ distinct eigenvalues or
conjugate pairs of eigenvalues. What is $N(G,m)$ for $G$ a unitary, orthogonal,
or symplectic group? What is $N(G,m,s)$ for these groups? For some cases, the
first question was answered a few decades ago via group-theoretic techniques.
It appears that the second question has not been asked before; here it is
inspired by questions related to enumeration of vacua in string theory. Our
combinatorial methods allow us to answer both questions.


title: The likely Fermi Detection of the Supernova Remnant RCW 103

abstract:
  We report on the results from our $\gamma$-ray analysis of the supernova
remnant (SNR) RCW 103 region. The data were taken with the Large Area Telescope
on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. An extended source is found at a
position consistent with that of RCW 103, and its emission was only detected
above 1 GeV (10$\sigma$ significance), having a power-law spectrum with a
photon index of 2.0$\pm$0.1. We obtain its 1--300 GeV spectrum, and the total
flux gives a luminosity of 8.3$\times 10^{33}$ erg s$^{-1}$ at a source
distance of 3.3 kpc. Given the positional coincidence and property similarities
of this source with other SNRs, we identify it as the likely Fermi $\gamma$-ray
counterpart to RCW 103. Including radio measurements of RCW 103, the spectral
energy distribution (SED) is modeled by considering emission mechanisms based
on both hadronic and leptonic scenarios. We find that models in the two
scenarios can reproduce the observed SED, while in the hadronic scenario the
existence of SNR--molecular-cloud interaction is suggested as a high density of
the target protons is required.


title: On hyperbolicity violations in cosmological models with vector fields

abstract:
  Cosmological models with vector fields received much attention in recent
years. Unfortunately, most of them are plagued with severe instabilities or
other problems. In particular, it was noted by G. Esposito-Farese, C. Pitrou
and J.-Ph. Uzan in arXiv:0912.0481 that the models with a non-linear function
of the Maxwellian kinetic term do always imply violations of hyperbolicity
somewhere in the phase space. In this work we make this statement more precise
in several respects and show that those violations may not be present around
spatially homogeneous configurations of the vector field.


title:
Input-Output Logic based Fault-Tolerant Design Technique for SRAM-based
  FPGAs

abstract:
  Effects of radiation on electronic circuits used in extra-terrestrial
applications and radiation prone environments need to be corrected. Since FPGAs
offer flexibility, the effects of radiation on them need to be studied and
robust methods of fault tolerance need to be devised. In this paper a new
fault-tolerant design strategy has been presented. This strategy exploits the
relation between changes in inputs and the expected change in output.
Essentially, it predicts whether or not a change in the output is expected and
thereby calculates the error. As a result this strategy reduces hardware and
time redundancy required by existing strategies like Duplication with
Comparison (DWC) and Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR). The design arising from
this strategy has been simulated and its robustness to fault-injection has been
verified. Simulations for a 16 bit multiplier show that the new design strategy
performs better than the state-of-the-art on critical factors such as hardware
redundancy, time redundancy and power consumption.


title: An Exact Algorithm for the Generalized List $T$-Coloring Problem

abstract:
  The generalized list $T$-coloring is a common generalization of many graph
coloring models, including classical coloring, $L(p,q)$-labeling, channel
assignment and $T$-coloring. Every vertex from the input graph has a list of
permitted labels. Moreover, every edge has a set of forbidden differences. We
ask for such a labeling of vertices of the input graph with natural numbers, in
which every vertex gets a label from its list of permitted labels and the
difference of labels of the endpoints of each edge does not belong to the set
of forbidden differences of this edge. In this paper we present an exact
algorithm solving this problem, running in time $\mathcal{O}^*((\tau+2)^n)$,
where $\tau$ is the maximum forbidden difference over all edges of the input
graph and $n$ is the number of its vertices. Moreover, we show how to improve
this bound if the input graph has some special structure, e.g. a bounded
maximum degree, no big induced stars or a perfect matching.


title:
Asymptotically isometric metrics on relatively hyperbolic groups and
  marked length spectrum

abstract:
  We prove asymptotically isometric, coarsely geodesic metrics on a toral
relatively hyperbolic group are coarsely equal. The theorem applies to all
lattices in SO(n,1). This partly verifies a conjecture by Margulis. In the case
of hyperbolic groups/spaces, our result generalizes a theorem by Furman and a
theorem by Krat.
  We discuss an application to the isospectral problem for the length spectrum
of Riemannian manifolds. The positive answer to this problem has been known for
several cases. All of them have hyperbolic fundamental groups. We do not solve
the isospectral problem in the original sense, but prove the universal covers
are (1,C)-quasi-isometric if the fundamental group is a toral relatively
hyperbolic group.


title:
Surface resistivity of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films: Existence of
  intrinsic graphene on its surface

abstract:
  Surface resistivity of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films was measured as a
function of the applied electrical field. The measured dependence shows a sharp
ambipolar peak near zero gate voltage. Furthermore, we found that in some
samples sheet resistance at the peak is as low as 7.5 k{\Omega}/sq. This value
is the same order of magnitude as the sheet resistance of a defect free
graphene monolayer. Therefore a conclusion is made that an intrinsic graphene
with dimensions of at least millimeters exist on the surface of amorphous
carbon films. These results can open new perspectives not only for graphene
applications, but also for better understanding of this unique material.


title:
On $\alpha$-covariance, long, short and negative memories for sequences
  of random variables with infinite variance

abstract:
  We consider a measure of dependence for symmetric $\alpha$-stable random
vectors, which was introduced by the author in 1976. We demonstrate that this
measure of dependence can be extended for much more broad class of random
vectors (up to regularly varying vectors in separable Banach spaces). This
measure is applied for linear random processes and fields with heavy-tailed
innovations, for some stable processes, and these applications show that this
dependence measure, named as $\alpha$-covariance is a good substitute for the
usual covariance. Also we discuss a problem of defining long, short, and
negative memories for stationary processes and fields with infinite variances.


title:
Efficient coding of spectrotemporal binaural sounds leads to emergence
  of the auditory space representation

abstract:
  To date a number of studies have shown that receptive field shapes of early
sensory neurons can be reproduced by optimizing coding efficiency of natural
stimulus ensembles. A still unresolved question is whether the efficient coding
hypothesis explains formation of neurons which explicitly represent
environmental features of different functional importance. This paper proposes
that the spatial selectivity of higher auditory neurons emerges as a direct
consequence of learning efficient codes for natural binaural sounds. Firstly,
it is demonstrated that a linear efficient coding transform - Independent
Component Analysis (ICA) trained on spectrograms of naturalistic simulated
binaural sounds extracts spatial information present in the signal. A simple
hierarchical ICA extension allowing for decoding of sound position is proposed.
Furthermore, it is shown that units revealing spatial selectivity can be
learned from a binaural recording of a natural auditory scene. In both cases a
relatively small subpopulation of learned spectrogram features suffices to
perform accurate sound localization. Representation of the auditory space is
therefore learned in a purely unsupervised way by maximizing the coding
efficiency and without any task-specific constraints. This results imply that
efficient coding is a useful strategy for learning structures which allow for
making behaviorally vital inferences about the environment.


title:
The commutant of $L_{\widehat{\frak{sl}}_{2}}(n,0)$ in the vertex
  operator algebra $L_{\widehat{\frak{sl}}_{2}}(1,0)^{\otimes n}$

abstract:
  We study the commutant $L_{\widehat{\frak{sl}}_{2}}(n,0)^c$ of
$L_{\widehat{\frak{sl}}_{2}}(n,0)$ in the vertex operator algebra
$L_{\widehat{\frak{sl}}_{2}}(1,0)^{\otimes n}$, for $n\geq 2$. The main results
include a complete classification of all irreducible
$L_{\widehat{\frak{sl}}_{2}}(n,0)^c$-modules and a proof that
$L_{\widehat{\frak{sl}}_{2}}(n,0)^c$ is a rational vertex operator algebra. As
a consequence, every irreducible $L_{\widehat{\frak{sl}}_{2}}(n,0)^c$-module
arises from the coset construction as conjectured in \cite{LS}.


title:
Competing magnetism in $\pi$ electrons in graphene with a single carbon
  vacancy

abstract:
  One intriguing finding in graphene is the vacancy-induced magnetism that
highlights the interesting interaction between local magnetic moments and
conduction electrons. Within density functional theory, the current
understanding of the ground state is that a Stoner instability gives rise to
ferromagnetism of $\pi$ electrons aligned with the localized moment of a
$\sigma$ dangling bond and the induced $\pi$ magnetic moments vanish at low
vacancy concentrations. However, the observed Kondo effect suggests that $\pi$
electrons around the vacancy should antiferromagnetically couple to the local
moment and carry non-vanishing moments. Here we propose that a phase possessing
both significant out-of-plane displacements and $\pi$ bands with
antiferromagnetic coupling to the localized $\sigma$ moment is the ground
state. With the features we provide, it is possible for spin-resolved STM, STS,
and ARPES measurements to verify the newly proposed phase.


title:
Design of efficient single stage chirped pulse difference frequency
  generation at 7 {\mu}m driven by a dual wavelength Ti:sapphire laser

abstract:
  We present a design for a high-energy single stage mid-IR difference
frequency generation adapted to a two-color Ti:sapphire amplifier system. The
optimized mixing process is based on chirped pulse difference frequency
generation (CP-DFG), allowing for a higher conversion efficiency, larger
bandwidth and reduced two photon absorption losses. The numerical start-to-end
simulations include stretching, chirped pulse difference frequency generation
and pulse compression. Realistic design parameters for commercially available
non linear crystals (GaSe, AgGaS2, LiInSe2, LiGaSe2) are considered. Compared
to conventional un-chirped DFG directly pumped by Ti:sapphire technology we
report a threefold increase of the quantum efficiency. Our CP-DFG scheme
provides up to 340 {\mu}J pulse energy directly at 7.2 {\mu}m when pumped with
3 mJ and supports a bandwidth of up to 350 nm. The resulting 240 fs mid-IR
pulses are inherently phase stable.


title: Resonance, Fermi surface topology, and Superconductivity in Cuprates

abstract:
  The resonance, a collective boson mode, was usually thought to be a possible
glue of superconductivity. We argue that it is rather a natural product of the
\emph{d}-wave pairing and the Fermi surface topology. A universal scaling
$E_{res}/2\Delta ^{H}_{S}\sim 1.0$ ($\Delta_{S}^{H}$ the magnitude of
superconducting gap at hot spot) is proposed for cuprates, irrespective of the
hole-/electron-doping, low-/high-energy resonance, monotonic/nonmonotonic
\emph{d}-wave paring, and the parameters selected. We reveal that there may
exist two resonance peaks in the electron-doped cuprates. The low- and high-
energy resonance, originated from the contributions of the different intra-band
component, is intimately associated with the Fermi surface topology. By
analyzing the data of inelastic neutron scattering, we conclude the
nonmonotonic \emph{d}-wave superconducting pairing symmetry in the
electron-doped cuprates, which is still an open question


title:
Rota-Baxter operators on $sl(2,C)$ and solutions of the classical
  Yang-Baxter equation

abstract:
  We explicitly determine all Rota-Baxter operators (of weight zero) on
$sl(2,C)$ under the Cartan-Weyl basis. For the skew-symmetric operators, we
give the corresponding skew-symmetric solutions of the classical Yang-Baxter
equation in $sl(2,C)$, confirming the related study by Semenov-Tian-Shansky. In
general, these Rota-Baxter operators give a family of solutions of the
classical Yang-Baxter equation in the 6-dimensional Lie algebra $sl(2,C)
\ltimes_{{\rm ad}^{\ast}} sl(2,C)^{\ast}$. They also give rise to 3-dimensional
pre-Lie algebras which in turn yield solutions of the classical Yang-Baxter
equation in other 6-dimensional Lie algebras.


title: Abelian varieties without a prescribed Newton Polygon reduction

abstract:
  In this article we construct for each integer $n\ge 2$ an abelian variety $A$
of dimension $n$ defined over a number field for which there exists a symmetric
slope sequence of length $2n$ that does not appear as the slope sequence of
$\widetilde A$ for all good reductions $\widetilde A$ of $A$.


title: Different Asymptotic Behavior versus Same Dynamical Complexity

abstract:
  For any dynamical system $T:X\rightarrow X$ of a compact metric space $X$
with $g-$almost product property and uniform separation property, under the
assumptions that the periodic points are dense in $X$ and the periodic measures
are dense in the space of invariant measures, we distinguish various
periodic-like recurrences and find that they all carry full topological
topological entropy and so do their gap-sets. In particular, this implies that
any two kind of periodic-like recurrences are essentially different.
  Moreover, we coordinate periodic-like recurrences with (ir)regularity and
obtain lots of generalized multi-fractal analysis for all continuous observable
functions. These results are suitable for all $\beta-$shfits ($\beta>1$),
topological mixing subshifts of finite type, topological mixing expanding maps
or topological mixing hyperbolic diffeomorphisms, etc.
  Roughly speaking, we combine many different "eyes" (i.e., observable
functions and periodic-like recurrences) to observe the dynamical complexity
and obtain a {\it Refined Dynamical Structure} for Recurrence Theory and
Multi-fractal Analysis.


title: A Note on the Caristi Fixed Point Theorem

abstract:
  We generalise the Caristi Fixed Point Theorem to the mappings of the complete
semi-metric spaces.


title:
MIMAC: MIcro-tpc MAtrix of Chambers for dark matter directional
  detection

abstract:
  Directional detection of non-baryonic Dark Matter is a promising search
strategy for discriminating WIMP events from neutrons, the ultimate background
for dark matter direct detection. This strategy requires both a precise
measurement of the energy down to a few keV and 3D reconstruction of tracks
down to a few mm. The MIMAC (MIcro-tpc MAtrix of Chambers) collaboration has
developed in the last years an original prototype detector based on the direct
coupling of large pixelized micromegas with a special developed fast
self-triggered electronics showing the feasibility of a new generation of
directional detectors. The first bi-chamber prototype has been installed at
Modane, underground laboratory in June 2012. The first undergournd background
events, the gain stability and calibration are shown. The first spectrum of
nuclear recoils showing 3D tracks coming from the radon progeny is presented.


title:
Some Characterizations of Quaternionic Rectifying Curves in the
  semi_Euclidean Space E^2_4

abstract:
  The notion of rectifying curve in the Euclidean space is introduced by Chen
as a curve whose position vector always lies in its rectifying plane spanned by
the tangent and the binormal vector field t and n_2 of the curve. In this
study, we have obtained some characterizations of semi-real spatial
quaternionic rectifying curves in R_1^3. Moreover, by the aid of these
characterizations, we have investigated semi real quaternionic rectifying
curves in semi-quaternionic space Q_v.


title: Formation of hybrid stars from metastable hadronic stars

abstract:
  We study the consequences of quark matter nucleation in cold hadronic matter
employing three relativistic-mean-field (RMF) models to describe the hadronic
phase and the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model for the quark one. We explore the
effect of a vector interaction in the NJL Lagrangian and of a phenomenological
bag constant on neutron stars metastability. We delineate the region of
parameters of the quark phase that allow for the formation of stable hybrid
stars with mass compatible with the almost $2 \ M_\odot$ pulsars PSR J1614-2230
($1.97 \pm 0.04 M_\odot$) and PSR J0348+0432 ($2.01 \pm 0.04 M_\odot$). It is
shown, however, that not all hybrid star configurations with $\sim 2 \,M_\odot$
are populated after nucleation.


title: Preliminary design of laser accelerator beam line

abstract:
  A Compact laser plasma accelerator (CLAPA) is being built in Peking
University, which is based on RPA-PSA mechanism or other acceleration
mechanisms. According to the beam parameters from preparatory experiments and
theoretical simulations, the beam line is preliminarily designed. The beam line
is mainly constituted by common transport elements to deliver proton beam with
the energy of 1~50MeV, energy spread of 0~1% and current of 0~108 proton per
pulse to satisfy the requirement of different experiments. The simulation
result of 15MeV proton beam with an energy spread of 1%, current of 1x108
proton per pulse and final spot radius of 9mm is presented in this paper.


title: Supersolvable restrictions of reflection arrangements

abstract:
  Let A = (A,V) be a complex hyperplane arrangement and let L(A) denote its
intersection lattice. The arrangement A is called supersolvable, provided its
lattice L(A) is supersolvable. For X in L(A), it is known that the restriction
A^X is supersolvable provided A is.
  Suppose that W is a finite, unitary reflection group acting on the complex
vector space V. Let A(W) = (A(W), V) be its associated hyperplane arrangement.
In earlier work by the last two authors, we classified all supersolvable
reflection arrangements. Extending this work, the aim of this note is to
determine all supersolvable restrictions of reflection arrangements. It turns
out that apart from the obvious restrictions of supersolvable reflection
arrangements there are only a few additional instances. Moreover, in our
previous work, we classified all inductively free restrictions A(W)^X of
reflection arrangements A(W). Since every supersolvable arrangement is
inductively free, the supersolvable restrictions A(W)^X of reflection
arrangements A(W) form a natural subclass of the class of inductively free
restrictions A(W)^X.
  Finally, we characterize the irreducible supersolvable restrictions of
reflection arrangements by the presence of modular elements of dimension 1 in
their intersection lattice. This in turn shows that reflection arrangements as
well as their restrictions are of fiber type if and only if they are strictly
linearly fibered.


title: On the Quaternionic Involute-Evolute Curves

abstract:
  In this study, after introducing algebraic properties of real quaternions
some characterizations of quaternionic involute-evolute curves in Q are
obtained. And some results and theorems for quaternionic w-curves are given.
Lastly, we illustrate some examples and draw their figures with Mathematica
Programme.


title:
Stochastic Dual Coordinate Ascent with Alternating Direction Multiplier
  Method

abstract:
  We propose a new stochastic dual coordinate ascent technique that can be
applied to a wide range of regularized learning problems. Our method is based
on Alternating Direction Multiplier Method (ADMM) to deal with complex
regularization functions such as structured regularizations. Although the
original ADMM is a batch method, the proposed method offers a stochastic update
rule where each iteration requires only one or few sample observations.
Moreover, our method can naturally afford mini-batch update and it gives speed
up of convergence. We show that, under mild assumptions, our method converges
exponentially. The numerical experiments show that our method actually performs
efficiently.


title: Neutrino physics from Cosmology

abstract:
  In recent years precision cosmology has become an increasingly powerful probe
of particle physics. Perhaps the prime example of this is the very stringent
cosmological upper bound on the neutrino mass. However, other aspects of
neutrino physics, such as their decoupling history and possible non-standard
interactions, can also be probed using observations of cosmic structure. Here,
I review the current status of cosmological bounds on neutrino properties and
discuss the potential of future observations, for example by the recently
approved EUCLID mission, to precisely measure neutrino properties.


title:
Ergodic properties of nonhomogeneous Markov chains defined on ordered
  Banach spaces with a base

abstract:
  It is known that the Dobrushin's ergodicity coefficient is one of the
effective tools to study a behavior of non-homogeneous Markov chains. In the
present paper, we define such an ergodicity coefficient of a positive mapping
defined on ordered Banach space with a base (OBSB), and study its properties.
In terms of this coefficient we prove the equivalence uniform and weak
ergodicities of homogeneous Markov chains. This extends earlier results
obtained in case of von Neumann algebras. Such a result allowed to establish a
category theorem for uniformly ergodic Markov operators. We find necessary and
sufficient conditions for the weak ergodicity of nonhomogeneous discrete Markov
chains (NDMC). It is also studied $L$-weak ergodicity of NDMC defined on OBSB.
We establish that the chain satisfies $L$-weak ergodicity if and only if it
satisfies a modified Doeblin's condition ($\frak{D}_1$-condition). Moreover,
several nontrivial examples of NDMC which satisfy the $\frak{D}_1$-condition
are provided.


title: Darboux Slant Ruled Surfaces

abstract:
  In this study, we introduce Darboux slant ruled surfaces in the Euclidean
3-space which is defined by the property that the Darboux vector of orthonormel
frame of ruled surface makes a constant angle with a fixed, non-zero direction.
We obtain the characterizations of Darboux slant ruled surfaces regarding the
conical curvature kappa and give the relations between Darboux slant ruled
surfaces and some other slant ruled surfaces.


title:
Dimerizations in spin-$S$ antiferromagnetic chains with three-spin
  interaction

abstract:
  We discuss spin-$S$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains with three-spin
interactions, next-nearest-neighbor interactions, and bond alternation. First,
we prove rigorously that there exist parameter regions of the exact dimerized
ground state in this system. This is a generalization of the Majumdar-Ghosh
model to arbitrary $S$. Next, we discuss the ground-state phase diagram of the
models by introducing several effective field theories and the universality
classes of the transitions are described by the level-$2S$ $\mathrm{SU}(2)$
Wess-Zumino-Witten model and the Gaussian model. Finally, we determine the
phase diagrams of $S=1$ and $S=3/2$ systems by using exact diagonalization and
level spectroscopy.


title: Slant Ruled Surfaces

abstract:
  In this study, we define some new types of ruled surfaces called slant ruled
surfaces. We give some characterizations for a regular ruled surface to be a
slant ruled surface in Euclidean 3- space. We show that if the slant ruled
surface is developable then the striction curve is a general helix or a slant
helix according to the kind of surface. Moreover, we give the relationships
between slant ruled surfaces and some offset surfaces such as Bertrand offsets
and Mannheim offsets.


title:
Herschel celestial calibration sources: Four large main-belt asteroids
  as prime flux calibrators for the far-IR/sub-mm range

abstract:
  Celestial standards play a major role in observational astrophysics. They are
needed to characterise the performance of instruments and are paramount for
photometric calibration. During the Herschel Calibration Asteroid Preparatory
Programme approximately 50 asteroids have been established as far-IR/sub-mm/mm
calibrators for Herschel. The selected asteroids fill the flux gap between the
sub-mm/mm calibrators Mars, Uranus and Neptune, and the mid-IR bright
calibration stars. All three Herschel instruments observed asteroids for
various calibration purposes, including pointing tests, absolute flux
calibration, relative spectral response function, observing mode validation,
and cross-calibration aspects. Here we present newly established models for the
four large and well characterized main-belt asteroids (1) Ceres, (2) Pallas,
(4) Vesta, and (21) Lutetia which can be considered as new prime flux
calibrators. The relevant object-specific properties (size, shape,
spin-properties, albedo, thermal properties) are well established. The seasonal
(distance to Sun, distance to observer, phase angle, aspect angle) and daily
variations (rotation) are included in a new thermophysical model setup for
these targets. The thermophysical model predictions agree within 5% with the
available (and independently calibrated) Herschel measurements. The four
objects cover the flux regime from just below 1,000 Jy (Ceres at mid-IR
N-/Q-band) down to fluxes below 0.1 Jy (Lutetia at the longest wavelengths).
Based on the comparison with PACS, SPIRE and HIFI measurements and pre-Herschel
experience, the validity of these new prime calibrators ranges from
mid-infrared to about 700 micron, connecting nicely the absolute stellar
reference system in the mid-IR with the planet-based calibration at sub-mm/mm
wavelengths.


title: Fermion condensate generates a new state of matter by making flat bands

abstract:
  Belyaev's ideas associated with the condensate state in Bose interacting
systems have stimulated intensive studies of the possible manifestation of such
a condensation in Fermi systems. In many Fermi systems and compounds at zero
temperature a phase transition happens that leads to a quite specific state
called fermion condensation. As a signal of such a fermion condensation quantum
phase transition (FCQPT) serves unlimited increase of the effective mass of
quasiparticles that determines the excitation spectrum and creates flat bands.
We show that the class of Fermi liquids with the fermion condensate forms a new
state of matter. We discuss the phase diagrams and the physical properties of
systems located near that phase transition. It is demonstrated that a huge
amount of experimental data collected on different compounds suggests that
they, starting from some temperature and down, form the new state of matter,
and are governed by the fermion condensation. Our discussion shows that the
theory of fermion condensation develops completely good description of the NFL
behavior of strongly correlated Fermi systems. Moreover, the fermion
condensation can be considered as the universal reason for the NFL behavior
observed in various HF metals, liquids, compounds with quantum spin liquids,
and quasicrystals. We show that these systems exhibit universal scaling
behavior of their thermodynamic properties. Therefore, the quantum critical
physics of different strongly correlated compounds is universal, and emerges
regardless of the underlying microscopic details of the compounds. This uniform
behavior, governed by the universal quantum critical physics, allows us to view
it as the main characteristic of the new state of matter.


title:
Spectral Functions for the Quark-Meson Model Phase Diagram from the
  Functional Renormalization Group

abstract:
  We present a method to obtain spectral functions at finite temperature and
density from the Functional Renormalization Group. Our method is based on a
thermodynamically consistent truncation of the flow equations for 2-point
functions with analytically continued frequency components in the originally
Euclidean external momenta. For the uniqueness of this continuation at finite
temperature we furthermore implement the physical Baym-Mermin boundary
conditions. We demonstrate the feasibility of the method by calculating the
mesonic spectral functions in the quark-meson model along the temperature axis
of the phase diagram, and at finite quark chemical potential along the
fixed-temperature line that crosses the critical endpoint of the model.


title:
Absence of broken time reversal symmetry beneath the surface of YBCO
  films

abstract:
  We report the results of a search for spontaneous magnetism due to a time
reversal symmetry breaking phase in the superconducting state of (110)-oriented
YBCO films, expected near the surface in this geometry. Zero field and weak
transverse field measurements performed using the low-energy muon spin rotation
technique with muons implanted few nm inside optimally-doped YBCO-(110) films
show no appearance of spontaneous magnetic fields below the superconducting
temperature down to 2.9 K. Our results give an upper limit of ~0.02 mT for
putative spontaneous internal fields.


title:
On the effect of the IO-substitution on the Parikh image of semilinear
  AFLs

abstract:
  Back in the 80s, the class of mildly context-sensitive formalisms was
introduced so as to capture the syntax of natural languages. While the
languages generated by such formalisms are constrained by the constant-growth
property, the most well-known and used mildly-context sensitive formalisms,
like tree-adjoining grammars or multiple context-free grammars, generate
languages which verify the stronger property of being semilinear. In (Bourreau
et al., 2012), the operation of IO-ubstitution was created so as to exhibit
mildly context-sensitive classes of languages which are not semilinear,
although they verify the constant-growth property. In the present article, we
extend the notion of semilinearity, and characterise the Parikh image of the
IO-MCFLs (i.e. languages which belong to the closure of MCFLs under
IO-subsitution) as universally-linear. Based on this result and on the work of
Fischer on macro-grammars, we then show IO-MCFLs are not closed under inverse
homomorphism, which proves that the family of IO-MCFLs is not an abstract
family of languages.


title:
Measurement of charged jet suppression in Pb-Pb collisions at
  $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76$ TeV

abstract:
  A measurement of the transverse momentum spectra of jets in Pb-Pb collisions
at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76$ TeV is reported. Jets are reconstructed from
charged particles using the anti-$k_{\rm T}$ jet algorithm with jet resolution
parameters $R$ of $0.2$ and $0.3$ in pseudo-rapidity $|\eta|<0.5$. The
transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$ of charged particles is measured down to $0.15$
GeV/$c$ which gives access to the low $p_{\rm T}$ fragments of the jet. Jets
found in heavy-ion collisions are corrected event-by-event for average
background density and on an inclusive basis (via unfolding) for residual
background fluctuations and detector effects. A strong suppression of jet
production in central events with respect to peripheral events is observed. The
suppression is found to be similar to the suppression of charged hadrons, which
suggests that substantial energy is radiated at angles larger than the jet
resolution parameter $R=0.3$ considered in the analysis. The fragmentation bias
introduced by selecting jets with a high $p_{\rm T}$ leading particle, which
rejects jets with a soft fragmentation pattern, has a similar effect on the jet
yield for central and peripheral events. The ratio of jet spectra with $R=0.2$
and $R=0.3$ is found to be similar in Pb-Pb and simulated PYTHIA pp events,
indicating no strong broadening of the radial jet structure in the
reconstructed jets with $R<0.3$.


title: Real-time covariance estimation for the local level model

abstract:
  This paper develops on-line inference for the multivariate local level model,
with the focus being placed on covariance estimation of the innovations. We
assess the application of the inverse Wishart prior distribution in this
context and find it too restrictive since the serial correlation structure of
the observation and state innovations is forced to be the same. We generalize
the inverse Wishart distribution to allow for a more convenient correlation
structure, but still retaining approximate conjugacy. We prove some relevant
results for the new distribution and we develop approximate Bayesian inference,
which allows simultaneous forecasting of time series data and estimation of the
covariance of the innovations of the model. We provide results on the steady
state of the level of the time series, which are deployed to achieve
computational savings. Using Monte Carlo experiments, we compare the proposed
methodology with existing estimation procedures. An example with real data
consisting of production data from an industrial process is given.


title: A one-dimensional ultracold medium of extreme optical depth

abstract:
  We report on the preparation of a one-dimensional ultracold medium in a
hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, reaching an effective optical depth of
1000(150). We achieved this extreme optical depth by transferring atoms from a
magneto-optical trap into a far-detuned optical dipole trap inside the
hollow-core fiber, yielding up to 2.5(3)$\times$10$^5$ atoms inside the core
with a loading efficiency of $2.5(6)~\%$. The preparation of an ultracold
medium of such huge optical depth paves the way towards new applications in
quantum optics and nonlinear optics.


title: A Parallel SGD method with Strong Convergence

abstract:
  This paper proposes a novel parallel stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method
that is obtained by applying parallel sets of SGD iterations (each set
operating on one node using the data residing in it) for finding the direction
in each iteration of a batch descent method. The method has strong convergence
properties. Experiments on datasets with high dimensional feature spaces show
the value of this method.


title: Rank and deficiency gradients of generalised Thompson groups of type F

abstract:
  For an arbitrary sequence $(G_s)$ of subgroups of finite index in the
generalised Thompson group $$F_{n, \infty} = \langle x_0, x_1, \ldots, x_m,
\ldots \mid x_i^{x_j} = x_{i+ n-1} \hbox{ for } i > j \geq 0 \rangle$$ it is
shown that $\sup_{s \geq 1} d(G_s) < \infty$ and that the deficiency gradient
of $F_{n, \infty}$ with respect to $(G_s)$ is 0 provided $[G : G_s]$ tends to
infinity. A higher dimensional analogue is considered for $n = 2$.


title:
Time asymmetry of the Kramers equation with nonlinear friction:
  fluctuation-dissipation relation and ratchet effect

abstract:
  We show by numerical simulations that the presence of nonlinear
velocity-dependent friction forces can induce a finite net drift in the
stochastic motion of a particle in contact with an equilibrium thermal bath and
in an asymmetric periodic spatial potential. In particular, we study the
Kramers equation for a particle subjected to Coulomb friction, namely a
constant force acting in the direction opposite to the particle's velocity. We
characterize the nonequilibrium irreversible dynamics by studying the
generalized fluctuation-dissipation relation for this ratchet model driven by
Coulomb friction.


title:
Kinetics of the elementary act of electrochemical reactions at the
  semiconductor--electrolyte solution interface

abstract:
  In the framework of the quantum-mechanical theory of elementary act of
non-adiabatic electrochemical reactions, it is carried out the calculation of
the discharge current of ions at the semiconductor--electrolyte solution
interface using the model of isotropic spherically symmetric band. It is shown
that our results generalize the well-known formulae for the current density
obtained by Dogonadze, Kuznetsov, and Chizmadzhev [R.R. Dogonadze, A.M.
Kuznetsov, and Yu.A. Chizmadzhev, The kinetics of some heterogeneous reactions
at semiconductor--electrolyte interface, Zhur. Fiz. Khim. 38 (1964)
1195--1202]. The average densities of states in the valence band and the
conduction band of the semiconductor electrode in the heterogeneous charge
transfer are found.


title:
Implicit Runge-Kutta schemes for optimal control problems with evolution
  equations

abstract:
  In this paper we discuss the use of implicit Runge-Kutta schemes for the time
discretization of optimal control problems with evolution equations. The
specialty of the considered discretizations is that the discretizations schemes
for the state and adjoint state are chosen such that discretization and
optimization commute. It is well known that for Runge-Kutta schemes with this
property additional order conditions are necessary. We give sufficient
conditions for which class of schemes these additional order condition are
automatically fulfilled. The focus is especially on implicit Runge-Kutta
schemes of Gauss, Radau IA, Radau IIA, Lobatto IIIA, Lobatto IIIB and Lobatto
IIIC collocation type up to order six. Furthermore we also use a SDIRK (singly
diagonally implicit Runge-Kutta) method to demonstrate, that for general
implicit Runge-Kutta methods the additional order conditions are not
automatically fulfilled.
  Numerical examples illustrate the predicted convergence rates.


title:
Statistical properties of position-dependent ball-passing networks in
  football games

abstract:
  Statistical properties of position-dependent ball-passing networks in real
football games are examined. We find that the networks have the small-world
property, and their degree distributions are fitted well by a truncated gamma
distribution function. In order to reproduce these properties of networks, a
model based on a Markov chain is proposed.


title:
An extended Heitler-Matthews model for the full hadronic cascade in
  cosmic air showers

abstract:
  The Heitler-Matthews model for hadronic air showers will be extended to all
the generations of electromagnetic subshowers in the hadronic cascade. The
analysis is outlined in detail for showers initiated by primary protons. For
showers initiated by iron primaries the part of the analysis is given for as
far as it differs from the analysis for a primary proton. Predictions for
shower sizes and the depth of maximum shower size are compared with results of
Monte Carlo simulations. The depth of maximum as it follows from the
extrapolation of the Heitler-Matthews model restricted to the first generation
of electromagnetic subshowers is too small with respect to Monte Carlo
predictions. It is shown that the inclusion of all the generations of
electromagnetic subshowers leads to smaller predictions for the depth of
maximum and to smaller predictions for the elongation rate. The discrepancy
between discrete model predictions and Monte Carlo predictions for the depth of
maximum can therefore not be explained from the number of generations that is
taken into consideration. An alternative explanation will be proposed.


title: Top-quark Pair Production in a Running Mass Scheme

abstract:
  Between the Tevatron and LHC, top-quark physics is now becoming an area for
precision physics. This has lead to an increase in theoretical activity to
match the experimental accuracy of top anti-top production. We discuss the
difficulty in properly defining the top-quark mass as measured by experiments
and present results for differential distributions of top-quark pair production
in a running mass scheme. The use of such a scheme shows better convergence in
the perturbative expansion and improves the scale dependence as opposed to the
typical on-shell scheme.


title:
Forecasting multivariate longitudinal binary data with marginal and
  marginally specified models

abstract:
  Forecasting with longitudinal data has been rarely studied. Most of the
available studies are for continuous response and all of them are for
univariate response. In this study, we consider forecasting multivariate
longitudinal binary data. Five different models including simple ones,
univariate and multivariate marginal models, and complex ones, marginally
specified models, are studied to forecast such data. Model forecasting
abilities are illustrated via a real life data set and a simulation study. The
simulation study includes a model independent data generation to provide a fair
environment for model competitions. Independent variables are forecast as well
as the dependent ones to mimic the real life cases best. Several accuracy
measures are considered to compare model forecasting abilities. Results show
that complex models yield better forecasts.


title:
Multiple solutions for Dirichlet nonlinear BVPs involving fractional
  Laplacian

abstract:
  The existence of at least two solutions to superlinear integral equation in
cone is proved using the Krasnosielskii Fixed Point Theorem. The result is
applied to the Dirichlet BVPs with the fractional Laplacian.


title: A Parallel Compressive Imaging Architecture for One-Shot Acquisition

abstract:
  A limitation of many compressive imaging architectures lies in the sequential
nature of the sensing process, which leads to long sensing times. In this paper
we present a novel architecture that uses fewer detectors than the number of
reconstructed pixels and is able to acquire the image in a single acquisition.
This paves the way for the development of video architectures that acquire
several frames per second. We specifically address the diffraction problem,
showing that deconvolution normally used to recover diffraction blur can be
replaced by convolution of the sensing matrix, and how measurements of a 0/1
physical sensing matrix can be converted to -1/1 compressive sensing matrix
without any extra acquisitions. Simulations of our architecture show that the
image quality is comparable to that of a classic Compressive Imaging camera,
whereas the proposed architecture avoids long acquisition times due to
sequential sensing. This one-shot procedure also allows to employ a fixed
sensing matrix instead of a complex device such as a Digital Micro Mirror array
or Spatial Light Modulator. It also enables imaging at bandwidths where these
are not efficient.


title: Supersymmetric quantum mechanics and Painleve equations

abstract:
  In these lecture notes we shall study first the supersymmetric quantum
mechanics (SUSY QM), specially when applied to the harmonic and radial
oscillators. In addition, we will define the polynomial Heisenberg algebras
(PHA), and we will study the general systems ruled by them: for zero and first
order we obtain the harmonic and radial oscillators, respectively; for second
and third order PHA the potential is determined by solutions to Painleve IV
(PIV) and Painleve V (PV) equations. Taking advantage of this connection, later
on we will find solutions to PIV and PV equations expressed in terms of
confluent hypergeometric functions. Furthermore, we will classify them into
several solution hierarchies, according to the specific special functions they
are connected with.


title: QCD phase diagram: overview of recent lattice results

abstract:
  Two parameters that have a strong influence on the finite temperature QCD
transition, and play an important role in various physical scenarios are the
quark density and the external magnetic field. The effect of these parameters
on the thermal properties of QCD is discussed, and an overview of the latest
lattice results is given.


title: Some large deviations in Kingman's coalescent

abstract:
  Kingman's coalescent is a random tree that arises from classical population
genetic models such as the Moran model. The individuals alive in these models
correspond to the leaves in the tree and the following two laws of large
numbers concerning the structure of the tree-top are well-known: (i) The
(shortest) distance, denoted by $T_n$, from the tree-top to the level when
there are $n$ lines in the tree satisfies $nT_n \xrightarrow{n\to\infty} 2$
almost surely; (ii) At time $T_n$, the population is naturally partitioned in
exactly $n$ families where individuals belong to the same family if they have a
common ancestor at time $T_n$ in the past. If $F_{i,n}$ denotes the size of the
$i$th family, then $n(F_{1,n}^2 + \cdots + F_{n,n}^2) \xrightarrow{n\to
\infty}2$ almost surely. For both laws of large numbers we prove corresponding
large deviations results. For (i), the rate of the large deviations is $n$ and
we can give the rate function explicitly. For (ii), the rate is $n$ for
downwards deviations and $\sqrt n$ for upwards deviations. For both cases we
give the exact rate function.


title: Energy levels and radiative rates for transitions in Ti VII

abstract:
  We report calculations of energy levels, radiative rates, oscillator
strengths and line strengths for transitions among the lowest 231 levels of Ti
VII. The general-purpose relativistic atomic structure package ({\sc grasp})
and flexible atomic code ({\sc fac}) are adopted for the calculations.
Radiative rates, oscillator strengths and line strengths are provided for all
electric dipole (E1), magnetic dipole (M1), electric quadrupole (E2) and
magnetic quadrupole (M2) transitions among the 231 levels, although
calculations have been performed for a much larger number of levels (159,162).
In addition, lifetimes for all 231 levels are listed. Comparisons are made with
existing results and the accuracy of the data is assessed. In particular, the
most recent calculations reported by Singh {\em et al} [Can J. Phys. {\bf 90}
(2012) 833] are found to be unreliable, with discrepancies for energy levels of
up to 1 Ryd and for radiative rates of up to five orders of magnitude for
several transitions, particularly the weaker ones. Based on several comparisons
among a variety of calculations with two independent codes, as well as with the
earlier results, our listed energy levels are estimated to be accurate to
better than $1\%$ (within 0.1 Ryd), whereas results for radiative rates and
other related parameters should be accurate to better than $20\%$.


title: The inference of gene trees with species trees

abstract:
  Molecular phylogeny has focused mainly on improving models for the
reconstruction of gene trees based on sequence alignments. Yet, most
phylogeneticists seek to reveal the history of species. Although the histories
of genes and species are tightly linked, they are seldom identical, because
genes duplicate, are lost or horizontally transferred, and because alleles can
co-exist in populations for periods that may span several speciation events.
Building models describing the relationship between gene and species trees can
thus improve the reconstruction of gene trees when a species tree is known, and
vice-versa. Several approaches have been proposed to solve the problem in one
direction or the other, but in general neither gene trees nor species trees are
known. Only a few studies have attempted to jointly infer gene trees and
species trees. In this article we review the various models that have been used
to describe the relationship between gene trees and species trees. These models
account for gene duplication and loss, transfer or incomplete lineage sorting.
Some of them consider several types of events together, but none exists
currently that considers the full repertoire of processes that generate gene
trees along the species tree. Simulations as well as empirical studies on
genomic data show that combining gene tree-species tree models with models of
sequence evolution improves gene tree reconstruction. In turn, these better
gene trees provide a better basis for studying genome evolution or
reconstructing ancestral chromosomes and ancestral gene sequences. We predict
that gene tree-species tree methods that can deal with genomic data sets will
be instrumental to advancing our understanding of genomic evolution.


title:
Using analytic continuation for the hadronic vacuum polarization
  computation

abstract:
  We present two examples of applications of the analytic continuation method
for computing the hadronic vacuum polarization function in space- and time-like
momentum regions. These examples are the Adler function and the leading order
hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. We comment on the
feasibility of the analytic continuation method and provide an outlook for
possible further applications.


title: Automatic Airspace Sectorisation: A Survey

abstract:
  Airspace sectorisation provides a partition of a given airspace into sectors,
subject to geometric constraints and workload constraints, so that some cost
metric is minimised. We survey the algorithmic aspects of methods for automatic
airspace sectorisation, for an intended readership of experts on air traffic
management.