title:
Sustainable Software Development for Next-Gen Sequencing (NGS)
  Bioinformatics on Emerging Platforms

abstract:
  DNA sequence analysis is fundamental to life science research. The rapid
development of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, and the richness
and diversity of applications it makes feasible, have created an enormous gulf
between the potential of this technology and the development of computational
methods to realize this potential. Bridging this gap holds possibilities for
broad impacts toward multiple grand challenges and offers unprecedented
opportunities for software innovation and research. We argue that NGS-enabled
applications need a critical mass of sustainable software to benefit from
emerging computing platforms' transformative potential. Accumulating the
necessary critical mass will require leaders in computational biology,
bioinformatics, computer science, and computer engineering work together to
identify core opportunity areas, critical software infrastructure, and software
sustainability challenges. Furthermore, due to the quickly changing nature of
both bioinformatics software and accelerator technology, we conclude that
creating sustainable accelerated bioinformatics software means constructing a
sustainable bridge between the two fields. In particular, sustained
collaboration between domain developers and technology experts is needed to
develop the accelerated kernels, libraries, frameworks and middleware that
could provide the needed flexible link from NGS bioinformatics applications to
emerging platforms.


title:
On the $k$-error linear complexity for $2^n$-periodic binary sequences
  via Cube Theory

abstract:
  The linear complexity and k-error linear complexity of a sequence have been
used as important measures of keystream strength, hence designing a sequence
with high linear complexity and $k$-error linear complexity is a popular
research topic in cryptography. In this paper, the concept of stable $k$-error
linear complexity is proposed to study sequences with stable and large
$k$-error linear complexity. In order to study k-error linear complexity of
binary sequences with period $2^n$, a new tool called cube theory is developed.
By using the cube theory, one can easily construct sequences with the maximum
stable $k$-error linear complexity. For such purpose, we first prove that a
binary sequence with period $2^n$ can be decomposed into some disjoint cubes
and further give a general decomposition approach. Second, it is proved that
the maximum $k$-error linear complexity is $2^n-(2^l-1)$ over all
$2^n$-periodic binary sequences, where $2^{l-1}\le k<2^{l}$. Thirdly, a
characterization is presented about the $t$th ($t>1$) decrease in the $k$-error
linear complexity for a $2^n$-periodic binary sequence $s$ and this is a
continuation of Kurosawa et al. recent work for the first decrease of k-error
linear complexity. Finally, A counting formula for $m$-cubes with the same
linear complexity is derived, which is equivalent to the counting formula for
$k$-error vectors. The counting formula of $2^n$-periodic binary sequences
which can be decomposed into more than one cube is also investigated, which
extends an important result by Etzion et al..


title: Radar shadow detection in SAR images using DEM and projections

abstract:
  Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are widely used in target recognition
tasks nowadays. In this letter, we propose an automatic approach for radar
shadow detection and extraction from SAR images utilizing geometric projections
along with the digital elevation model (DEM) which corresponds to the given
geo-referenced SAR image. First, the DEM is rotated into the radar geometry so
that each row would match that of a radar line of sight. Next, we extract the
shadow regions by processing row by row until the image is covered fully. We
test the proposed shadow detection approach on different DEMs and a simulated
1D signals and 2D hills and volleys modeled by various variance based Gaussian
functions. Experimental results indicate the proposed algorithm produces good
results in detecting shadows in SAR images with high resolution.


title:
Supermassive black hole mergers as dual sources for electromagnetic
  flares in the jet emission and gravitational waves

abstract:
  We present a new type of observation relating the gravitational wave emission
of supermassive black hole mergers to their electromagnetic counterparts. This
dual emission involves variability of a relativistic jet arising from the
spin-orbit precession of the supermassive black hole binary at its base.


title:
Design and Implementation of Wireless Energy Meter System for Monitoring
  the Single Phase Supply

abstract:
  Wireless energy meter is a system developed to serve as a basic single-phase
energy meter with advanced functionalities such as Peak hour setting, Peak load
setting Wireless reading transmission; further the system eliminates the role
of a Meter Reader.


title: Cosmogenic Nuclei Production Rate on the Lunar Surface

abstract:
  A physical model of Geant4-based simulation of galactic cosmic ray (GCR)
particles interaction with the lunar surface matter has been developed to
investigate the production rate of cosmogenic nuclei. In this model the GCRs,
mainly very high energy protons and $\alpha$ particles, bombard the surface of
the Moon and produce many secondary particles such as protons and neutrons. The
energies of proton and neutron at different depths are recorded and saved into
ROOT files, and the analytical expressions for the differential proton and
neutron fluxes are obtained through the best-fit procedure under the ROOT
software. To test the validity of this model, we calculate the production rates
of long-lived nuclei $^{10}$Be and $^{26}$Al in the Apollo 15 long drill core
by combining the above differential fluxes and the newly evaluated spallation
reaction cross sections. Numerical results show that the theoretical production
rates agree quite well with the measured data. It means that this model works
well. Therefore, it can be expected that this model can be used to investigate
the cosmogenic nuclei in lunar samples returned by Chinese lunar exploration
program and can be extended to study other objects, such as the meteorites and
the Earth's atmosphere.


title: Nanomechanical resonant structures in single-crystal diamond

abstract:
  With its host of outstanding material properties, single-crystal diamond is
an attractive material for nanomechanical systems. Here, the mechanical
resonance characteristics of freestanding, single-crystal diamond nanobeams
fabricated by an angled-etching methodology are reported. Resonance frequencies
displayed evidence of significant compressive stress in doubly clamped diamond
nanobeams, while cantilever resonance modes followed the expected
inverse-length-squared trend. Q-factors on the order of 104 were recorded in
high vacuum. Results presented here represent initial groundwork for future
diamond-based nanomechanical systems which may be applied in both classical and
quantum applications.


title:
Claw-freeness, 3-homogeneous subsets of a graph and a reconstruction
  problem

abstract:
  We describe ${\rm Forb}\{K_{1,3}, \bar {K_{1,3}}\}$, the class of graphs $G$
such that $G$ and its complement $\bar{G}$ are claw-free. With few exceptions,
it is made of graphs whose connected components consist of cycles of length at
least 4, paths, and of the complements of these graphs. Considering the
hypergraph ${\mathcal H}^{(3)}(G)$ made of the 3-element subsets of the vertex
set of a graph $G$ on which $G$ induces a clique or an independent subset, we
deduce from above a description of the Boolean sum $G\dot{+}G'$ of two graphs
$G$ and $G'$ giving the same hypergraph. We indicate the role of this latter
description in a reconstruction problem of graphs up to complementation.


title:
Transboundary secondary organic aerosol in western Japan indicated by
  stable carbon isotope ratio of low volatile water-soluble organic carbon and
  signal at m/z 44 in organic aerosol mass spectra

abstract:
  Field studies were conducted in the winter of 2010 at two rural sites and an
urban site in western Japan, and filter samples of total suspended particulate
matter were collected every 24-h and analyzed for concentration and stable
carbon isotope ratio (delta13C) of low volatile water-soluble organic carbon
(LV-WSOC). Concentration of major chemical species in fine aerosol (<1.0
micron) was also measured in real time by Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometers.
Oxidation state of organic aerosol was evaluated using the proportion of signal
at m/z 44 (fragment ions of carboxyl group) to the sum of all m/z signals of
organic mass spectra (f44). Analyses show a high correlation between LV-WSOC
and m/z 44 concentrations, suggesting that the LV-WSOC is likely associated
with water soluble carboxylic acids in the fine aerosol. Plots of delta13C of
LV-WSOC versus f44 exhibit systematic trends at the rural sites and random
variation at the urban site. The systematic trends qualitatively agree with a
simple binary mixture model of secondary organic aerosol and background LV-WSOC
that has delta13C of -17 permil or higher and f44 of approximately 0.06,
respectively. Comparison with references suggests that the source of background
LV-WSOC is likely biomass burning of C4 plants.


title:
Evolution and non-equilibrium physics. A study of the Tangled Nature
  Model

abstract:
  We argue that the stochastic dynamics of interacting agents which replicate,
mutate and die constitutes a non-equilibrium physical process akin to aging in
complex materials. Specifically, our study uses extensive computer simulations
of the Tangled Nature Model (TNM) of biological evolution to show that
punctuated equilibria successively generated by the model's dynamics have
increasing entropy and are separated by increasing entropic barriers. We
further show that these states are organized in a hierarchy and that limiting
the values of possible interactions to a finite interval leads to stationary
fluctuations within a component of the latter. A coarse-grained description
based on the temporal statistics of quakes, the events leading from one
component of the hierarchy to the next, accounts for the logarithmic growth of
the population and the decaying rate of change of macroscopic variables.
Finally, we question the role of fitness in large scale evolution models and
speculate on the possible evolutionary role of rejuvenation and memory effects.


title:
Optomechanical effect on the Dicke quantum phase transition and
  quasi-particle damping in a Bose-Einstein Condensate: A new tool to measure
  weak force

abstract:
  We make a semi-classical steady state analysis of the influence of mirror
motion on the quantum phase transition for an optomechanical Dicke model in the
thermodynamic limit. An additional external mechanical pump is shown to modify
the critical value of atom-photon coupling needed to observe the quantum phase
transition. We further show how to choose the mechanical pump frequency and
cavity-laser detuning to produce extremely cold condensates. The present system
can be used as a quantum device to measure weak forces.


title: An Euler-Poisson Scheme for L\'evy driven SDEs

abstract:
  We describe an Euler scheme to approximate solutions of L\'evy driven
Stochastic Differential Equations (SDE) where the grid points are random and
given by the arrival times of a Poisson process. This result extends a previous
work of the authors in Ferreiro-Castilla et al. (2012). We provide a complete
numerical analysis of the algorithm to approximate the terminal value of the
SDE and proof that the approximation converges in mean square error with rate
$\mathcal{O}(n^{-1/2})$. The only requirement of the methodology is to have
exact samples from the resolvent of the L\'evy process driving the SDE; classic
examples such as stable processes, subclasses of spectrally one sided L\'evy
processes and new families such as meromorphic L\'evy processes (cf. Kuznetsov
et al. (2011)) are some examples for which the implementation of our algorithm
is straightforward.


title:
Partial generalizations of some Conjectures in locally symmetric Lorentz
  spaces

abstract:
  In this paper, first we give a notion for linear Weingarten spacelike
hypersurfaces with $P+aH=b$ in a locally symmetric Lorentz space $L_{1}^{n+1}$.
Furthermore, we study complete or compact linear Weingarten spacelike
hypersurfaces in locally symmetric Lorentz spaces $L_{1}^{n+1}$ satisfying some
curvature conditions. By modifying Cheng-Yau's operator $\square$ given in
{\cite{ChengYau77}}, we introduce a modified operator $L$ and give new
estimates of $L(nH)$ and $\square(nH)$ of such spacelike hypersurfaces.
Finally, we give partial generalizations of some conjectures in locally
symmetric Lorentz spaces $L_{1}^{n+1}$.


title:
Graphs that do not contain a cycle with a node that has at least two
  neighbors on it

abstract:
  We recall several known results about minimally 2-connected graphs, and show
that they all follow from a decomposition theorem. Starting from an analogy
with critically 2-connected graphs, we give structural characterizations of the
classes of graphs that do not contain as a subgraph and as an induced subgraph,
a cycle with a node that has at least two neighbors on the cycle. From these
characterizations we get polynomial time recognition algorithms for these
classes, as well as polynomial time algorithms for vertex-coloring and
edge-coloring.


title: Edge-colouring and total-colouring chordless graphs

abstract:
  A graph $G$ is \emph{chordless} if no cycle in $G$ has a chord. In the
present work we investigate the chromatic index and total chromatic number of
chordless graphs. We describe a known decomposition result for chordless graphs
and use it to establish that every chordless graph of maximum degree
$\Delta\geq 3$ has chromatic index $\Delta$ and total chromatic number $\Delta
+ 1$. The proofs are algorithmic in the sense that we actually output an
optimal colouring of a graph instance in polynomial time.


title: On quadrilateral orbits in complex algebraic planar billiards

abstract:
  The famous conjecture of V.Ya.Ivrii (1978) says that {\it in every billiard
with infinitely-smooth boundary in a Euclidean space the set of periodic orbits
has measure zero}. In the present paper we study the complex algebraic version
of Ivrii's conjecture for quadrilateral orbits in two dimensions, with
reflections from complex algebraic curves. We present the complete
classification of 4-reflective algebraic counterexamples: billiards formed by
four complex algebraic curves in the projective plane that have open set of
quadrilateral orbits.


title: Investment under uncertainty, competition and regulation

abstract:
  We investigate a randomization procedure undertaken in real option games
which can serve as a basic model of regulation in a duopoly model of preemptive
investment. We recall the rigorous framework of [M. Grasselli, V. Lecl\`ere and
M. Ludkovsky, Priority Option: the value of being a leader, International
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance, 16, 2013], and extend it to a
random regulator. This model generalizes and unifies the different competitive
frameworks proposed in the literature, and creates a new one similar to a
Stackelberg leadership. We fully characterize strategic interactions in the
several situations following from the parametrization of the regulator.
Finally, we study the effect of the coordination game and uncertainty of
outcome when agents are risk-averse, providing new intuitions for the standard
case.


title:
On the broken time translation symmetry in macroscopic systems:
  precessing states and off-diagonal long-range order

abstract:
  The broken symmetry state with off-diagonal long-range order (ODLRO), which
is characterized by the vacuum expectation value of the operator of creation of
the conserved quantum number Q, has the time-dependent order parameter.
However, the breaking of the time reversal symmetry is observable only if the
charge Q is not strictly conserved and may decay. This dihotomy is resolved in
systems with quasi-ODLRO. These systems have two well separated relaxation
times: the relaxation time \tau_Q of the charge Q and the energy relaxation
time \tau_E. If \tau_Q >> \tau_E, the perturbed system relaxes first to the
state with the ODLRO, which persists for a long time \tau_Q and finally relaxes
to the full equilibrium static state. In the limit \tau_Q -> \infty, but not in
the strict limit case when the charge Q is conserved, the intermediate ODLRO
state can be considered as the ground state of the system at fixed Q with the
observable spontaneously broken time reversal symmetry. Examples of systems
with quasi-ODLRO are provided by superfluid phase of liquid 4He, Bose-Einstein
condensation of magnons (phase coherent spin precession) and precessing
vortices.


title:
Approximation Algorithms for the Load Balanced Capacitated Vehicle
  Routing Problem

abstract:
  We study the load balanced capacitated vehicle routing problem (LBCVRP): the
problem is to design a collection of tours for a fixed fleet of vehicles with
capacity Q to distribute a supply from a single depot between a number of
predefined clients, in a way that the total traveling cost is a minimum, and
the vehicle loads are balanced. The unbalanced loads cause the decrease of
distribution quality especially in business environments and exibility in the
logistics activities. The problem being NP-hard, we propose two approximation
algorithms. When the demands are equal, we present a (1-1/Q)p+3/2approximation
algorithm that finds balanced loads. Here, p is the approximation ratio for the
known metric traveling salesman problem (TSP). This result leads to a 2.5-1/Q
approximation ratio for the tree metrics since an optimal solution can be found
for the TSP on a tree. We present an improved 2 approximation algorithm. When
the demands are unequal, we focus on obtaining approximate solutions since
finding balanced loads is NP-complete. We propose an algorithm that provides a
4 approximation for the balance of the loads. We assume a second approach to
get around the difficulties of the feasibility. In this approach, we redefine
and convert the problem into a multi-objective problem. The algorithm we
propose has a 4 factor of approximation.


title:
Electronic structure and transport in graphene: quasi-relativistic
  Dirac--Hartry--Fock self-consistent field approximation

abstract:
  Application of secondary quantized self-consistent Dirac -- Hartree -- Fock
approach to consider electronic properties of monolayer graphene with
accounting of spin-polarized states allows to coherently explain experimental
results on energy band minigaps and charge carrier asymmetry in graphene,
propose a description of valent and conduction zones shifts and gives a nice
theoretical estimation of electron and holes cyclotron masses which is in very
good agreement with known experimental data.


title: Optimal multi-configuration approximation of an N-fermion wave function

abstract:
  We propose a simple iterative algorithm to construct the optimal
multi-configuration approximation of an $N$-fermion wave function. That is,
$M\geq N $ single-particle orbitals are sought iteratively so that the
projection of the given wave function in the $C_M^N$-dimensional configuration
subspace is maximized. The algorithm has a monotonic convergence property and
can be easily parallelized. The significance of the algorithm on the study of
entanglement in a multi-fermion system and its implication on the
multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree-Fock (MCTDHF) are discussed. The
ground state and real-time dynamics of spinless fermions with nearest-neighbor
interactions are studied using this algorithm, discussing several subtleties.

categories: quant-ph cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.str-el math-ph math.MP


title: On odd-periodic orbits in complex planar billiards

abstract:
  The famous conjecture of V.Ya.Ivrii (1978) says that {\it in every billiard
with infinitely-smooth boundary in a Euclidean space the set of periodic orbits
has measure zero}. In the present paper we study the complex version of Ivrii's
conjecture for odd-periodic orbits in planar billiards, with reflections from
complex analytic curves. We prove positive answer in the following cases: 1)
triangular orbits; 2) odd-periodic orbits in the case, when the mirrors are
algebraic curves avoiding two special points at infinity, the so-called
isotropic points. We provide immediate applications to the real
piecewise-algebraic Ivrii's conjecture and to its analogue in the invisibility
theory.


title: First-principles study of excitonic effects in Raman intensities

abstract:
  The ab initio prediction of Raman intensities for bulk solids usually relies
on the hypothesis that the frequency of the incident laser light is much
smaller than the band gap. However, when the photon frequency is a sizeable
fraction of the energy gap, or higher, resonance effects appear. In the case of
silicon, when excitonic effects are neglected, the response of the solid to
light increases by nearly three orders of magnitude in the range of frequencies
between the static limit and the gap. When excitonic effects are taken into
account, an additional tenfold increase in the intensity is observed. We
include these effects using a finite-difference scheme applied on the
dielectric function obtained by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation. Our
results for the Raman susceptibility of silicon show stronger agreement with
experimental data compared with previous theoretical studies. For the sampling
of the Brillouin zone, a double-grid technique is proposed, resulting in a
significant reduction in computational effort.


title: On generalized Hadamard matrices GH(q,q)'s and GH(q,q^2)'s

abstract:
  A matrix $H=[d_{ij}]$ is a generalized Hadamard matrix of order $u\lambda$
with entries from $U$ which is a finite group of order $u$ (for short
$\mathrm{GH}(u,\,\lambda)$) such that whenever $i\neq \ell$ the set
$\{d_{ij}d_{\ell j}^{-1}\,|\, 1\leq j\leq u\lambda \}$ contains each element of
$U$ exactly $\lambda$ times. In this paper, we construct $\mathrm{GH}(q,\,q)$'s
and $\mathrm{GH}(q,\,q^{2})$'s over additive groups of finite fields
$\mathrm{GF}(q)$'s by using some sorts of functions.


title: Anisotropy in Cosmic rays from internal transitions in neutron stars

abstract:
  We discuss the possibility that some recently measured anisotropic cosmic ray
components in the TeV-PeV energy range may be an indication of the ejection of
a peculiar type of matter. We present a model where a neutron star internal
transition with nuclear deconfinement of the quark content takes place. This
catastrophic event may cause a mass ejection process seeding the insterstelar
medium with droplets of quark matter, so called nuclearites. Neutralization of
these droplets in molecular clouds may drive the anisotropy since
quasi-rectilinear trajectories are allowed. Complementary information from
current experimental settings on earth or magnetic spectrometers on the ISS may
shed light on this exotic form of matter.


title: A General Two-Step Approach to Learning-Based Hashing

abstract:
  Most existing approaches to hashing apply a single form of hash function, and
an optimization process which is typically deeply coupled to this specific
form. This tight coupling restricts the flexibility of the method to respond to
the data, and can result in complex optimization problems that are difficult to
solve. Here we propose a flexible yet simple framework that is able to
accommodate different types of loss functions and hash functions. This
framework allows a number of existing approaches to hashing to be placed in
context, and simplifies the development of new problem-specific hashing
methods. Our framework decomposes hashing learning problem into two steps: hash
bit learning and hash function learning based on the learned bits. The first
step can typically be formulated as binary quadratic problems, and the second
step can be accomplished by training standard binary classifiers. Both problems
have been extensively studied in the literature. Our extensive experiments
demonstrate that the proposed framework is effective, flexible and outperforms
the state-of-the-art.


title: Relativistic Models Of A Class Of Compact Objects

abstract:
  A class of general relativistic solutions in isotropic spherical polar
coordinates are discussed which describe compact stars in hydrostatic
equilibrium. The stellar models obtained here are characterized by four
parameters, namely, $\lambda$, $k$, $A$ and $R$ of geometrical significance
related with inhomogenity of the matter content of the star. The stellar models
obtained using the solutions are physically viable for a wide range of values
of the parameters. The physical features of the compact objects taken up here
are studied numerically for a number of admissible values of the parameters.
Observational stellar mass data are used to construct suitable models of the
compact stars


title: Bounded rank-one transformations

abstract:
  We define the notion of canonical boundedness among rank-one transformations
and use it to characterize the class of all bounded rank-one transformations
with trivial centralizer. We also explicitly characterize totally ergodic
rank-one transformations with bounded cutting parameter. Together with a recent
result of Ryzhikov our results provide a simple procedure for determining
whether a bounded rank-one transformation has minimal self-joinings of all
orders purely in terms of the cutting and spacer parameters for the
transformation.


title:
Optimal quantum control of Bose-Einstein condensates in magnetic
  microtraps: Consideration of filter effects

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate protocols based on optimal control theory (OCT)
for manipulating Bose-Einstein condensates in magnetic microtraps, using the
framework of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. In our approach we explicitly
account for filter functions that distort the computed optimal control, a
situation inherent to many experimental OCT implementations. We apply our
scheme to the shakeup process of a condensate from the ground to the first
excited state, following a recent experimental and theoretical study, and
demonstrate that the fidelity of OCT protocols is not significantly
deteriorated by typical filters.


title:
Generalized Holographic Equipartition for Friedmann-Robertson-Walker
  Universes

abstract:
  The novel idea that spatial expansion of our universe can be regarded as the
consequence of the emergence of space was proposed by Padmanabhan. By using of
the basic law governing the emergence, which Padmanabhan called holographic
equipartition, he also arrives at the Friedmann equation in a flat universe.
When generalized to other gravity theories, the holographic equipartition need
to be generalized with an expression of $f(\Delta N,N_{sur})$. In this paper,
we give general expressions of $f(\Delta N,N_{sur})$ for generalized
holographic equipartition which can be used to derive the Friedmann equations
of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe with any spatial curvature in higher
(n+1)-dimensional Einstein gravity, Gauss-Bonnet gravity and more general
Lovelock gravity. The results support the viability of the perspective of
holographic equipartition.


title:
The infinite XXZ quantum spin chain revisited: Structure of low lying
  spectral bands and gaps

abstract:
  We study the structure of the spectrum of the infinite XXZ quantum spin
chain, an anisotropic version of the Heisenberg model. The XXZ chain
Hamiltonian preserves the number of down spins (or particle number), allowing
to represent it as a direct sum of N-particle interacting discrete
Schr\"odinger-type operators restricted to the fermionic subspace. In the Ising
phase of the model we use this representation to give a detailed determination
of the band and gap structure of the spectrum at low energy. In particular, we
show that at sufficiently strong anisotropy the so-called droplet bands are
separated from higher spectral bands uniformly in the particle number. Our
presentation of all necessary background is self-contained and can serve as an
introduction to the mathematical theory of the Heisenberg and XXZ quantum spin
chains.


title: The MOR cryptosystem and finite $p$-groups

abstract:
  The ElGamal cryptosystem is the most widely used public key cryptosystem. It
uses the discrete logarithm problem as the cryptographic primitive. The MOR
cryptosystem is a similar cryptosystem. It uses the discrete logarithm problem
in the automorphism group as the cryptographic primitive. In this paper, we
study the MOR cryptosystem for finite $p$-groups. The study is complete for
$p^\prime$-automorphisms. For $p$-automorphisms there are some interesting open
problems.


title:
Axisymmetrically Tropical Cyclone-like Vortices with Secondary
  Circulations

abstract:
  The secondary circulation of the tropical cyclone (TC) is related to its
formation and intensification, thus becomes very important in the studies. The
analytical solutions have both the primary and secondary circulation in a
three-dimensionally nonhydrostatic and adiabatic model. We prove that there are
three intrinsic radiuses for the axisymmetrically ideal incompressible flow.
The first one is the radius of maximum primary circular velocity $r_m$. The
second one is radius of the primary kernel $r_k>r_m$, across which the
vorticity of the primary circulation changes sign and the vertical velocity
changes direction. The last one is the radius of the maximum primary vorticity
$r_d$, at which the vertical flow of the secondary circulation approaches its
maximum, and across which the radius velocity changes sign. The first TC-like
vortex solution has universal inflow or outflow. The relations between the
intrinsic length scales are $r_k=\sqrt{2}r_m$ and $r_d=2r_m$. The second one is
a multi-planar solution, periodically in $z$-coordinate. Within each layer, the
solution is a convection vortex. The number of the secondary circulation might
be one, two, three, and even more. There are also three intrinsic radiuses
$r_m$, $r_k$ and $r_d$, but they have different values. It seems that the
relative stronger radius velocity could be easily found near boundaries. The
above solutions can be applied to study the radial structure of the tornados,
TCs and mesoscale eddies.


title:
Phase segregation of superconductivity and ferromagnetism at
  LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ interface

abstract:
  The highly conductive two-dimensional electron gas formed at the interface
between insulating SrTiO$_3$ and LaAlO$_3$ shows low-temperature
superconductivity coexisting with inhomogeneous ferromagnetism. The Rashba
spin-orbit interaction with in-plane Zeeman field of the system favors $p_x \pm
i p_y$-wave superconductivity at finite momentum. Owing to the intrinsic
disorder at the interface, the role of spatial inhomogeneity on the
superconducting and ferromagnetic states becomes important. We find that for
strong disorder, the system breaks up into mutually excluded regions of
superconductivity and ferromagnetism. This inhomogeneity-driven electronic
phase separation accounts for the unusual coexistence of superconductivity and
ferromagnetism observed at the interface.


title: Observability transitions in correlated networks

abstract:
  Yang, Wang, and Motter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 258701 (2012)] analyzed a model
for network observability transitions in which a sensor placed on a node makes
the node and the adjacent nodes observable. The size of the connected
components comprising the observable nodes is a major concern of the model. We
analyze this model in random heterogeneous networks with degree correlation.
With numerical simulations and analytical arguments based on generating
functions, we find that negative degree correlation makes networks more
observable. This result holds true both when the sensors are placed on nodes
one by one in a random order and when hubs preferentially receive the sensors.
Finally, we numerically optimize networks with a fixed degree sequence with
respect to the size of the largest observable component. Optimized networks
have negative degree correlation induced by the resulting hub-repulsive
structure; the largest hubs are rarely connected to each other, in contrast to
the rich-club phenomenon of networks.


title:
Integration of the OpenIGTLink Network Protocol for Image-Guided Therapy
  with the Medical Platform MeVisLab

abstract:
  We present the integration of the OpenIGTLink network protocol for
image-guided therapy (IGT) with the medical prototyping platform MeVisLab.
OpenIGTLink is a new, open, simple and extensible network communication
protocol for IGT. The protocol provides a standardized mechanism to connect
hardware and software by the transfer of coordinate transforms, images, and
status messages. MeVisLab is a framework for the development of image
processing algorithms and visualization and interaction methods, with a focus
on medical imaging. The integration of OpenIGTLink into MeVisLab has been
realized by developing a software module using the C++ programming language. As
a result, researchers using MeVisLab can interface their software to hardware
devices that already support the OpenIGTLink protocol, such as the NDI Aurora
magnetic tracking system. In addition, the OpenIGTLink module can also be used
to communicate directly with Slicer, a free, open source software package for
visualization and image analysis. The integration has been tested with tracker
clients available online and a real tracking system.


title:
Timing estimation in distributed sensor and control systems with central
  processing

abstract:
  We consider the problem of estimating timing of measurements and actuation in
distributed sensor and control systems with central processing. The focus is on
direct timing estimation for scenarios where clock synchronization is not
feasible or desirable. Models of the timing and central and peripheral time
stamps are motivated and derived from underlying clock and communication delay
definitions and models. Heuristics for constructing a system time is presented
and it is outlined how the joint timing and the plant state estimation can be
handled. For a simple set of underlying clock and communication delay models,
inclusion of peripheral unit time stamps is shown to reduce jitter, and it is
argued that in general it will give significant jitter reduction. Finally, a
numerical example is given of a contemporary system design.


title: Universal power law in crossover from integrability to quantum chaos

abstract:
  We study models of interacting fermions in one dimension to investigate the
crossover from integrability to non-integrability, i.e., quantum chaos, as a
function of system size. Using exact diagonalization of finite-sized systems,
we study this crossover by obtaining the energy level statistics and Drude
weight associated with transport. Our results reinforce the idea that for
system size $L \to \infty$ non-integrability sets in for an arbitrarily small
integrability-breaking perturbation. The crossover value of the perturbation
scales as a power law $\sim L^{-3}$ when the integrable system is gapless and
the scaling appears to be robust to microscopic details and the precise form of
the perturbation. We conjecture that the exponent in the power law is
characteristic of the random matrix ensemble describing the non-integrable
system. For systems with a gap, the crossover scaling appears to be faster than
a power law.


title:
Detecting codimension one manifold factors with the piecewise disjoint
  arc-disk property and related properties

abstract:
  We show that all finite-dimensional resolvable generalized manifolds with the
piecewise disjoint arc-disk property are codimension one manifold factors. We
then show how the piecewise disjoint arc-disk property and other general
position properties that detect codimension one manifold factors are related.
We also note that in every example presently known to the authors of a
codimension one manifold factor of dimension $n\geq 4$ determined by general
position properties, the piecewise disjoint arc-disk property is satisfied.


title: A short proof of Weyl's law for fractional differential operators

abstract:
  We study spectral asymptotics for a large class of differential operators on
an open subset of $\R^d$ with finite volume. This class includes the Dirichlet
Laplacian, the fractional Laplacian, and also fractional differential operators
with non-homogeneous symbols. Based on a sharp estimate for the sum of the
eigenvalues we establish the first term of the semiclassical asymptotics. This
generalizes Weyl's law for the Laplace operator.


title: Multiplicity Operators

abstract:
  For functions of a single complex variable, points of multiplicity greater
than $k$ are characterized by the vanishing of the first $k$ derivatives. There
are various quantitative generalizations of this statement, showing that for
functions that are in some sense close to having multiplicity greater than $k$,
the first $k$ derivatives must be small.
  In this paper we aim to generalize this situation to the multi-dimensional
setting. We define a class of differential operators, the \emph{multiplicity
operators}, which act on maps from $\C^n$ to $\C^n$ and satisfy properties
analogous to those described above. We demonstrate the usefulness of the
construction by applying it to some problems in the theory of Noetherian
functions.


title: Data encoding efficiency in binary strip detector readout

abstract:
  A prescription to calculate the minimum number of bits needed for binary
strip detector readout is presented. This permits a systematic analysis of the
readout efficiency relative to this theoretical minimum number of bits.
Different level efficiencies are defined to include context information and
engineering properties needed for reliable transmission, such as DC-balance. A
commonly used encoding method is analyzed as an example and found to have an
efficiency only of order 50%. A new encoding method called Pattern Overlay
Compression is introduced to illustrate how the systematic analysis can guide
the construction of more efficient readout methods. Pattern Overlay Compression
significantly outperforms the above example in the occupancy range of interest.


title: Improved association in a classical density functional theory for water

abstract:
  We present a modification to our recently published SAFT-based classical
density functional theory for water. We have recently developed and tested a
functional for the averaged radial distribution function at contact of the
hard-sphere fluid that is dramatically more accurate at interfaces than earlier
approximations. We now incorporate this improved functional into the
association term of our free energy functional for water, improving its
description of hydrogen bonding. We examine the effect of this improvement by
studying two hard solutes: a hard hydrophobic rod and a hard sphere. The
improved functional leads to a moderate change in the density profile and a
large decrease in the number of hydrogen bonds broken in the vicinity of the
solutes.We present a modification to our recently published SAFT-based
classical density functional theory for water. We have recently developed and
tested a functional for the averaged radial distribution function at contact of
the hard-sphere fluid that is dramatically more accurate at interfaces than
earlier approximations. We now incorporate this improved functional into the
association term of our free energy functional for water, improving its
description of hydrogen bonding. We examine the effect of this improvement by
studying two hard solutes: a hard hydrophobic rod and a hard sphere. The
improved functional leads to a moderate change in the density profile and a
large decrease in the number of hydrogen bonds broken in the vicinity of the
solutes.


title:
Statistical inference of co-movements of stocks during a financial
  crisis

abstract:
  In order to figure out and to forecast the emergence phenomena of social
systems, we propose several probabilistic models for the analysis of financial
markets, especially around a crisis. We first attempt to visualize the
collective behaviour of markets during a financial crisis through
cross-correlations between typical Japanese daily stocks by making use of
multi- dimensional scaling. We find that all the two-dimensional points
(stocks) shrink into a single small region when a economic crisis takes place.
By using the properties of cross-correlations in financial markets especially
during a crisis, we next propose a theoretical framework to predict several
time-series simultaneously. Our model system is basically described by a
variant of the multi-layered Ising model with random fields as non-stationary
time series. Hyper-parameters appearing in the probabilistic model are
estimated by means of minimizing the 'cumulative error' in the past market
history. The justification and validity of our approaches are numerically
examined for several empirical data sets.


title:
The effect of inertia on sheared disordered solids: Critical scaling of
  avalanches in two and three dimensions

abstract:
  Molecular dynamics simulations with varying damping are used to examine the
effects of inertia and spatial dimension on sheared disordered solids in the
athermal, quasistatic limit. In all cases the distribution of avalanche sizes
follows a power law over at least three orders of magnitude in dissipated
energy or stress drop. Scaling exponents are determined using finite-size
scaling for systems with thousands to millions of particles. Three distinct
universality classes are identified corresponding to overdamped and underdamped
limits, as well as a crossover damping that separates the two regimes. For each
universality class, the exponent describing the avalanche distributions is the
same in two and three dimensions. The spatial extent of plastic damage is
proportional to the energy dissipated in an avalanche. Both rise much more
rapidly with system size in the underdamped limit where inertia is important.
Inertia also lowers the mean energy of configurations sampled by the system and
leads to an excess of large events like that seen in earthquake distributions
for individual faults. The distribution of stress values during shear narrows
to zero with increasing system size and may provide useful information about
the size of elemental events in experimental systems. For overdamped and
crossover systems the stress variation scales inversely with the square root of
the system size. For underdamped systems the variation is determined by the
size of the largest events.


title:
An integral representation for topological pressure in terms of
  conditional probabilities

abstract:
  Given an equilibrium state $\mu$ for a continuous function $f$ on a shift of
finite type $X$, the pressure of $f$ is the integral, with respect to $\mu$, of
the sum of $f$ and the information function of $\mu$. We show that under
certain assumptions on $f$, $X$ and an invariant measure $\nu$, the pressure of
$f$ can also be represented as the integral with respect to $\nu$ of the same
integrand. Under stronger hypotheses we show that this representation holds for
all invariant measures $\nu$. We establish an algorithmic implication for
approximation of pressure, and we relate our results to a result in
thermodynamic formalism.


title:
High temperature non-collinear magnetism in a classical
  bilinear-biquadratic Heisenberg model

abstract:
  Motivated by the magnetically-driven high-temperature ferroelectric behavior
of CuO and the subsequent theoretical efforts to understand this intriguing
phenomenon, we study a spin model on a two-dimensional square lattice which
possesses some of the key features of the models proposed for CuO. The model
consists of Heisenberg couplings between nearest and next-nearest neighbor
spins, and biquadratic couplings between nearest neighbors. We use a
combination of variational calculations and classical Monte Carlo simulations
to study this model at zero and finite temperatures. We show that even an
arbitrarily weak biquadratic coupling plays a crucial role in selecting the
magnetic ground state. More importantly, a non-collinear magnetic state,
characterized by a finite spin current, is stable at finite temperatures. The
interesting aspect is that the present model neither includes an
inversion-symmetry-breaking term nor the effects of lattice distortions in the
Hamiltonian. We conclude that non-collinear magnetism at high temperatures, as
observed in CuO, can be explained via pure spin Hamiltonians. We find that the
spiral phase is inhomogeneous, and is stabilized by entropic effects. Our study
demonstrates that higher order interaction terms are of crucial importance if
the stronger interactions together with the lattice geometry contemplate to
generate a near degeneracy of magnetic states. The conclusions presented in
this work are of particular relevance to the non-collinear magnetism and
ferroelectricity observed at high temperatures in cupric oxide.


title: Economic networks in and out of equilibrium

abstract:
  Economic and financial networks play a crucial role in various important
processes, including economic integration, globalization, and financial crises.
Of particular interest is understanding whether the temporal evolution of a
real economic network is in a (quasi-)stationary equilibrium, i.e.
characterized by smooth structural changes rather than abrupt transitions.
Smooth changes in quasi-equilibrium networks can be generally controlled for,
and largely predicted, via an appropriate rescaling of structural quantities,
while this is generally not possible for abrupt transitions in non-stationary
networks. Here we study whether real economic networks are in or out of
equilibrium by checking their consistency with quasi-equilibrium
maximum-entropy ensembles of graphs. As illustrative examples, we consider the
International Trade Network (ITN) and the Dutch Interbank Network (DIN). We
show that, despite the globalization process, the ITN is an almost perfect
example of quasi-equilibrium network, while the DIN is clearly an
out-of-equilibrium network undergoing major structural changes and displaying
non-stationary dynamics. Among the out-of-equilibrium properties of the DIN, we
find striking early-warning signals of the interbank crisis of 2008.


title:
Nonlinear Transformation of Orbital Angular Momentum through Quasi-phase
  Matching

abstract:
  We propose and investigate the quasi-phase matched (QPM) nonlinear optical
frequency conversion of optical vortices in periodically poled Lithium Niobate
(PPLN). Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes are used to represent the orbital angular
momentum (OAM) states, characterized with the azimuthal and radial indices.
Typical three-wave nonlinear interactions among the involved OAM modes are
studied with the help of coupling wave equations. Being different from normal
QPM process where the energy and quasi-momentum conservations are satisfied,
both of the azimuthal and radial indices of the OAM states keep constant in
most of the cases. However, abnormal change of the radial index is observed
when there is asynchronous nonlinear conversion in different parts of the
beams. The QPM nonlinear evolution of fractional OAM states is also discussed
showing some interesting properties. In comparison with the traditional
birefringent phase matching (BPM), the QPM technique avoids the undesired
walk-off effect to reserve high-quality LG modes. We believe the QPM is an
efficient way to convert, amplify and switch OAM states in various optical
vortex related applications.


title: Volume gradients and homology in towers of residually-free groups

abstract:
  We study the asymptotic growth of homology groups and the cellular volume of
classifying spaces as one passes to normal subgroups $G_n<G$ of increasing
finite index in a fixed finitely generated group $G$, assuming $\bigcap_n G_n
=1$. We focus in particular on finitely presented residually free groups,
calculating their $\ell_2$ betti numbers, rank gradient and asymptotic
deficiency.
  If $G$ is a limit group and $K$ is any field, then for all $j\ge 1$ the limit
of $\dim H_j(G_n,K)/[G,G_n]$ as $n\to\infty$ exists and is zero except for
$j=1$, where it equals $-\chi(G)$. We prove a homotopical version of this
theorem in which the dimension of $\dim H_j(G_n,K)$ is replaced by the minimal
number of $j$-cells in a $K(G_n,1)$; this includes a calculation of the rank
gradient and the asymptotic deficiency of $G$. Both the homological and
homotopical versions are special cases of general results about the fundamental
groups of graphs of {\em{slow}} groups.
  We prove that if a residually free group $G$ is of type $\rm{FP}_m$ but not
of type $\rm{FP}_{\infty}$, then there exists an exhausting filtration by
normal subgroups of finite index $G_n$ so that $\lim_n \dim H_j (G_n, K) / [G :
G_n] = 0 \hbox{for} j \leq m$. If $G$ is of type $\rm{FP}_{\infty}$, then the
limit exists in all dimensions and we calculate it.


title:
Influence of the history force on inertial particle advection:
  Gravitational effects and horizontal diffusion

abstract:
  We analyse the effect of the Basset history force on the sedimentation or
rising of inertial particles in a two-dimensional convection flow. When memory
effects are neglected, the system exhibits rich dynamics, including periodic,
quasi-periodic and chaotic attractors. Here we show that when the full
advection dynamics is considered, including the history force, both the nature
and the number of attractors change, and a fractalization of their basins of
attraction appears. In particular, we show that the history force significantly
weakens the horizontal diffusion and changes the speed of sedimentation or
rising. The influence of the history force is dependent on the size of the
advected particles, being stronger for larger particles.


title: Quadratic forms and Clifford algebras on derived stacks

abstract:
  In this paper we present an approach to quadratic structures in derived
algebraic geometry. We define derived n-shifted quadratic complexes, over
derived affine stacks and over general derived stacks, and give several
examples of those. We define the associated notion of derived Clifford algebra,
in all these contexts, and compare it with its classical version, when they
both apply. Finally, we prove three main existence results for derived shifted
quadratic forms over derived stacks, define a derived version of the
Grothendieck-Witt group of a derived stack, and compare it to the classical
one.


title: Shell Model of BaTiO3 Derived from Ab-initio Total Energy Calculations

abstract:
  A shell model for ferroelectric perovskites fitted to results of
first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations is strongly
affected by approximations made in the exchange-correlation functional within
DFT, and in general not as accurate as a shell model derived from experimental
data. We have developed an isotropic shell model for BaTiO3 based on the PBEsol
exchange-correlation functional, which was specifically designed for crystal
properties of solids. Our shell model for BaTiO3 agrees with groundstate DFT
properties and the experimental lattice constants at finite temperatures. The
sequence of phases of BaTiO3 (rhombohedral, orthorhombic, tetragonal, cubic) is
correctly reproduced but the temperature scale of the phase transitions is
compressed. The temperature scale can be improved by scaling of the ab-initio
energy surface.


title: Tubular initial conditions and ridge formation

abstract:
  The 2D azimuth & rapidity structure of the two-particle correlations in
relativistic A+A collisions is altered significantly by the presence of sharp
inhomogeneities in superdense matter formed in such processes. The causality
constraints enforce one to associate the long-range longitudinal correlations
observed in a narrow angular interval, the so-called (soft) ridge, with
peculiarities of the initial conditions of collision process. This study's
objective is to analyze whether multiform initial tubular structures,
undergoing the subsequent hydrodynamic evolution and gradual decoupling, can
form the soft ridges. Motivated by the flux-tube scenarios, the initial energy
density distribution contains the different numbers of high density tube-like
boost-invariant inclusions that form a bumpy structure in the transverse plane.
The influence of various structures of such initial conditions in the most
central A+A events on the collective evolution of matter, resulting spectra,
angular particle correlations and v_n-coefficients is studied in the framework
of the HydroKinetic Model (HKM).


title: Multiscale modeling of solar cells with interface phenomena

abstract:
  We describe a mathematical model for heterojunctions in semiconductors which
can be used, e.g., for modeling higher efficiency solar cells. The continuum
model involves well-known drift-diffusion equations posed away from the
interface. These are coupled with interface conditions with a nonhomogeneous
jump for the potential, and Robin-like interface conditions for carrier
transport. The interface conditions arise from approximating the interface
region by a lower-dimensional manifold. The data for the interface conditions
are calculated by a Density Functional Theory (DFT) model over a few atomic
layers comprising the interface region. We propose a domain decomposition
method (DDM) approach to decouple the continuum model on subdomains which is
implemented in every step of the Gummel iteration. We show results for
CIGS/CdS, Si/ZnS, and Si/GaAs heterojunctions.


title:
Search for carbon stars and DZ white dwarfs in SDSS spectra survey
  through machine learning

abstract:
  Carbon stars and DZ white dwarfs are two types of rare objects in the Galaxy.
In this paper, we have applied the label propagation algorithm to search for
these two types of stars from Data Release Eight (DR8) of the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey (SDSS), which is verified to be efficient by calculating precision and
recall. From nearly two million spectra including stars, galaxies and QSOs, we
have found 260 new carbon stars in which 96 stars have been identified as
dwarfs and 7 identified as giants, and 11 composition spectrum systems (each of
them consists of a white dwarf and a carbon star). Similarly, using the label
propagation method, we have obtained 29 new DZ white dwarfs from SDSS DR8.
Compared with PCA reconstructed spectra, the 29 findings are typical DZ white
dwarfs. We have also investigated their proper motions by comparing them with
proper motion distribution of 9,374 white dwarfs, and found that they satisfy
the current observed white dwarfs by SDSS generally have large proper motions.
In addition, we have estimated their effective temperatures by fitting the
polynomial relationship between effective temperature and g-r color of known DZ
white dwarfs, and found 12 of the 29 new DZ white dwarfs are cool, in which
nine are between 6000K and 6600K, and three are below 6000K.


title:
Tractable vs. Intractable Cases of Matching Dependencies for Query
  Answering under Entity Resolution

abstract:
  Matching Dependencies (MDs) are a relatively recent proposal for declarative
entity resolution. They are rules that specify, on the basis of similarities
satisfied by values in a database, what values should be considered duplicates,
and have to be matched. On the basis of a chase-like procedure for MD
enforcement, we can obtain clean (duplicate-free) instances; actually possibly
several of them. The resolved answers to queries are those that are invariant
under the resulting class of resolved instances. Previous work identified
certain classes of queries and sets of MDs for which resolved query answering
is tractable. Special emphasis was placed on cyclic sets of MDs. In this work
we further investigate the complexity of this problem, identifying intractable
cases, and exploring the frontier between tractability and intractability. We
concentrate mostly on acyclic sets of MDs. For a special case we obtain a
dichotomy result relative to NP-hardness.


title:
Spasers, VCSELs, and Surface plasmon emitting diodes (SPED): their
  unique features and figures of merit

abstract:
  We compare fundamental characteristics of proposed electrically pumped
subwavelength plasmonic lasers (spasers) with ubiquitous all-dielectric
semiconductor micro-lasers (VCSEL) and indicate their close similarities as
well as large differences in performance (threshold, efficiency, coherence and
speed). These results should assist researchers in making informed choice of
the emitter for each particular opto-electronic application.


title: On Generating Binary Words Palindromically

abstract:
  We regard a finite word $u=u_1u_2\cdots u_n$ up to word isomorphism as an
equivalence relation on $\{1,2,\ldots, n\}$ where $i$ is equivalent to $j$ if
and only if $x_i=x_j.$ Some finite words (in particular all binary words) are
generated by "{\it palindromic}" relations of the form $k\sim j+i-k$ for some
choice of $1\leq i\leq j\leq n$ and $k\in \{i,i+1,\ldots,j\}.$ That is to say,
some finite words $u$ are uniquely determined up to word isomorphism by the
position and length of some of its palindromic factors. In this paper we study
the function $\mu(u)$ defined as the least number of palindromic relations
required to generate $u.$ We show that every aperiodic infinite word must
contain a factor $u$ with $\mu(u)\geq 3,$ and that some infinite words $x$ have
the property that $\mu(u)\leq 3$ for each factor $u$ of $x.$ We obtain a
complete classification of such words on a binary alphabet (which includes the
well known class of Sturmian words). In contrast for the Thue-Morse word, we
show that the function $\mu$ is unbounded.


title:
Plasmonic enhancement of the third order nonlinear optical phenomena:
  figures of merit

abstract:
  Recent years have seen increased interest to plasmonic enhancement of
nonlinear optical effects, yet there remains an uncertainty of what are the
limits of this enhancement. We present a simple and physically transparent
theory of plasmonic enhancement of third order nonlinear optical processes
achieved in plasmonic structures and show that while huge enhancement of
effective nonlinear index can be attained, the most relevant figure of merit,
the of phase shift per one absorption length remains very low. This means that
while on one hand nonlinear plasmonic materials are not well suitable for
applications requiring high efficiency, e.g. all-optical switching and
wavelength conversion, on the other hand they can be very useful for the
applications where the overall high efficiency is not a must, such as sensing.


title:
Sensitivity to the Single Production of Vector-Like Quarks at an
  Upgraded Large Hadron Collider

abstract:
  In this note we consider the sensitivity of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
to the single production of new heavy vector-like quarks. We consider a model
with large mixing with the standard model top quark with electroweak production
of single heavy top quarks. We consider center of mass energies of 14, 33, and
100 TeV with various pileup scenarios and present the expected sensitivity and
exclusion limits.


title:
Parallel-in-time method for calculation of long-range electrostatic
  interactions

abstract:
  Large molecular dynamics simulations (millions of atoms, tens of
microseconds, thousands of processors) hit the strong scalability wall:
simulation on twice as many processors does not take half the time. Inspired by
large N-body space simulations, we suggest to calculate the bottleneck---the
long-range interactions---parallel in time. This technical report aims to
present the combination of parareal method and multilevel summation method. We
thoroughly describe both methods and reasons for their particular combination.
We also propose several optimizations that should provide the acceleration by
an order of magnitude.


title: Evolution of the Chilean Web: A Larger Study

abstract:
  In this paper we extend our previous and only study on the dynamics of the
Chilean Web. This new study doubles the time period and to the best of our
knowledge is the only study of its type known about any country in the Web. The
new results corroborate the trends found before, in particular the exponential
growth of the Web, and reinforce the conclusion that the Web is more chaotic
than we would like. Hence, modeling most Web characteristics is not trivial.


title: Towards a metallurgy of neutron star crusts

abstract:
  In the standard picture of the crust of a neutron star, matter there is
simple: a body-centered-cubic (bcc) lattice of nuclei immersed in an
essentially uniform electron gas. We show that at densities above that for
neutron drip ($\sim4\times10^11$) g cm$^{-3}$ or roughly one thousandth of
nuclear matter density, the interstitial neutrons give rise to an attractive
interaction between nuclei that renders the lattice unstable. We argue that the
likely equilibrium structure is similar to that in displacive ferroelectric
materials such as BaTiO$_3$. As a consequence, properties of matter in the
inner crust are expected to be much richer than previously appreciated and we
mention consequences for observable neutron star properties.


title: Dimension reduction of clustering results in bioinformatics

abstract:
  OPTICS is a density-based clustering algorithm that performs well in a wide
variety of applications. For a set of input objects, the algorithm creates a
so-called reachability plot that can be either used to produce cluster
membership assignments, or interpreted itself as an expressive two-dimensional
representation of the density-based clustering structure of the input set, even
if the input set is embedded in higher dimensions. The main focus of this work
is a visualization method that can be used to assign colours to all entries of
the input database, based on hierarchically represented a-priori knowledge
available for each of these objects. Based on two different,
bioinformatics-related applications we illustrate how the proposed method can
be efficiently used to identify clusters with proven real-life relevance.


title:
Unified view on linear response of interacting identical and
  distinguishable particles from multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree
  methods

abstract:
  A unified view on linear response of interacting systems utilizing
multicongurational time-dependent Hartree methods is presented. The cases of
one-particle and two-particle response operators for identical particles and up
to all-system response operators for distinguishable degrees-of-freedom are
considered. The working equations for systems of identical bosons (LR-MCTDHB)
and identical fermions (LR-MCTDHF), as well for systems of distinguishable
particles (LR-MCTDH) are explicitly derived. These linear-response theories
provide numerically-exact excitation energies and system's properties, when
numerical convergence is achieved in the calculations.


title: Software Autotuning for Sustainable Performance Portability

abstract:
  Scientific software applications are increasingly developed by large
interdiscplinary teams operating on functional modules organized around a
common software framework, which is capable of integrating new functional
capabilities without modifying the core of the framework. In such environment,
software correctness and modularity take precedence at the expense of code
performance, which is an important concern during execution on supercomputing
facilities, where the allocation of core-hours is a valuable resource. To
alleviate the performance problems, we propose automated performance tuning
(autotuning) of software to extract the maximum performance on a given hardware
platform and to enable performance portability across heterogeneous hardware
platforms. The resulting code remains generic without committing to a
particular software stack and yet is compile-time specializable for maximal
sustained performance.


title:
Fast and Exact Sequence Alignment with the Smith-Waterman Algorithm: The
  SwissAlign Webserver

abstract:
  It is demonstrated earlier that the exact Smith-Waterman algorithm yields
more accurate results than the members of the heuristic BLAST family of
algorithms. Unfortunately, the Smith-Waterman algorithm is much slower than the
BLAST and its clones. Here we present a technique and a webserver that uses the
exact Smith-Waterman algorithm, and it is approximately as fast as the BLAST
algorithm. The technique unites earlier methods of extensive preprocessing of
the target sequence database, and CPU-specific coding of the Smith-Waterman
algorithm. The SwissAlign webserver is available at the
http://swissalign.pitgroup.org address.


title:
Observation of a charged charmoniumlike structure Z_c(4020) and search
  for the Z_c(3900) in e+e- to pi+pi-h_c

abstract:
  We study e+e- --> pi+pi-h_c at center-of-mass energies from 3.90 GeV to 4.42
GeV using data samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at the
Beijing Electron Positron Collider. The Born cross sections are measured at 13
energies, and are found to be of the same order of magnitude as those of e+e-
--> pi+pi-J/psi but with a different line shape. In the \pi^\pm h_c mass
spectrum, a distinct structure, referred to as Z_c(4020), is observed at 4.02
GeV/c^2. The Z_c(4020) carries an electric charge and couples to charmonium. A
fit to the \pi^\pm h_c invariant mass spectrum, neglecting possible
interferences, results in a mass of (4022.9\pm 0.8\pm 2.7) MeV/c^2 and a width
of (7.9\pm 2.7\pm 2.6) MeV for the Z_c(4020), where the first errors are
statistical and the second systematic. No significant Z_c(3900) signal is
observed, and upper limits on the Z_c(3900) production cross sections in
\pi^\pm h_c at center-of-mass energies of 4.23 and 4.26 GeV are set.


title: Toric actions on b-symplectic manifolds

abstract:
  We study Hamiltonian actions on $b$-symplectic manifolds with a focus on the
effective case of half the dimension of the manifold. In particular, we prove a
Delzant-type theorem that classifies these manifolds using polytopes that
reside in a certain enlarged and decorated version of the dual of the Lie
algebra of the torus.


title:
Fitness and entropy production in a cell population dynamics with
  epigenetic phenotype switching

abstract:
  Motivated by recent understandings in the stochastic natures of gene
expression, biochemical signaling, and spontaneous reversible epigenetic
switchings, we study a simple deterministic cell population dynamics in which
subpopulations grow with different rates and individual cells can
bi-directionally switch between a small number of different epigenetic
phenotypes. Two theories in the past, the population dynamics and
thermodynamics of master equations, separatedly defined two important concepts
in mathematical terms: the {\em fitness} in the former and the (non-adiabatic)
{\em entropy production} in the latter. Both play important roles in the
evolution of the cell population dynamics. The switching sustains the
variations among the subpopulation growth thus continuous natural selection. As
a form of Price's equation, the fitness increases with ($i$) natural selection
through variations and $(ii)$ a positive covariance between the per capita
growth and switching, which represents a Lamarchian-like behavior. A negative
covariance balances the natural selection in a fitness steady state | "the red
queen" scenario. At the same time the growth keeps the proportions of
subpopulations away from the "intrinsic" switching equilibrium of individual
cells, thus leads to a continous entropy production. A covariance, between the
per capita growth rate and the "chemical potential" of subpopulation,
counter-acts the entropy production. Analytical results are obtained for the
limiting cases of growth dominating switching and vice versa.


title:
Variety of power sums and divisors in the moduli space of cubic
  fourfolds

abstract:
  We show that a cubic fourfold F that is apolar to a Veronese surface has the
property that its variety of power sums VSP(F,10) is singular along a K3
surface of genus 20. We prove that these cubics form a divisor in the moduli
space of cubic fourfolds and that this divisor is not a Noether-Lefschetz
divisor. We use this result to prove that there is no nontrivial Hodge
correspondence between a very general cubic and its VSP.


title:
High-Quality Electron Beams from Beam-Driven Plasma Accelerators by
  Wakefield-Induced Ionization Injection

abstract:
  We propose a new and simple strategy for controlled ionization-induced
trapping of electrons in a beam-driven plasma accelerator. The presented method
directly exploits electric wakefields to ionize electrons from a dopant gas and
capture them into a well-defined volume of the accelerating and focusing wake
phase, leading to high-quality witness-bunches. This injection principle is
explained by example of three-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) calculations
using the code OSIRIS. In these simulations a high-current-density
electron-beam driver excites plasma waves in the blow-out regime inside a
fully-ionized hydrogen plasma of density $5\times10^{17} \mathrm{cm^{-3}}$.
Within an embedded $100 \mathrm{\mu m}$ long plasma column contaminated with
neutral helium gas, the wakefields trigger ionization, trapping of a defined
fraction of the released electrons, and subsequent acceleration. The hereby
generated electron beam features a $1.5 \mathrm{kA}$ peak current, $1.5
\mathrm{\mu m}$ transverse normalized emittance, an uncorrelated energy spread
of 0.3% on a GeV-energy scale, and few femtosecond bunch length.


title:
Variational Bayes Approximations for Clustering via Mixtures of Normal
  Inverse Gaussian Distributions

abstract:
  Parameter estimation for model-based clustering using a finite mixture of
normal inverse Gaussian (NIG) distributions is achieved through variational
Bayes approximations. Univariate NIG mixtures and multivariate NIG mixtures are
considered. The use of variational Bayes approximations here is a substantial
departure from the traditional EM approach and alleviates some of the
associated computational complexities and uncertainties. Our variational
algorithm is applied to simulated and real data. The paper concludes with
discussion and suggestions for future work.


title:
A New Sensitivity Analysis and Solution Method for Scintillometer
  Measurements of Area-Averaged Turbulent Fluxes

abstract:
  Scintillometer measurements of the turbulence inner-scale length $l_o$ and
refractive index structure function $C_n^2$ allow for the retrieval of
large-scale area-averaged turbulent fluxes in the atmospheric surface layer.
This retrieval involves the solution of the non-linear set of equations defined
by the Monin-Obukhov similarity hypothesis. A new method that uses an analytic
solution to the set of equations is presented, which leads to a stable and
efficient numerical method of computation that has the potential of eliminating
computational error. Mathematical expressions are derived that map out the
sensitivity of the turbulent flux measurements to uncertainties in source
measurements such as $l_o$. These sensitivity functions differ from results in
the previous literature; the reasons for the differences are explored.


title:
Universal features in the photoemission spectroscopy of high temperature
  superconductors

abstract:
  The energy gap for electronic excitations is one of the most important
characteristics of the superconducting state, as it directly refects the
pairing of electrons. In the copper-oxide high temperature superconductors
(HTSCs), a strongly anisotropic energy gap, which vanishes along high symmetry
directions, is a clear manifestation of the d-wave symmetry of the pairing.
There is, however, a dramatic change in the form of the gap anisotropy with
reduced carrier concentration (underdoping). Although the vanishing of the gap
along the diagonal to the square Cu-O bond directions is robust, the doping
dependence of the large gap along the Cu-O directions suggests that its origin
might be different from pairing. It is thus tempting to associate the large gap
with a second order parameter distinct from superconductivity. We use
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) to show that the two-gap
behavior, and the destruction of well defined electronic excitations, are not
universal features of HTSCs, and depend sensitively on how the underdoped
materials are prepared. Depending on cation substitution, underdoped samples
either show two-gap behavior or not. In contrast, many other characteristics of
HTSCs, such as the domelike dependence of Tc on doping, long-lived excitations
along the diagonals to the Cu-O bonds, energy gap at the antinode (crossing of
the underlying Fermi surface and the (pi, 0)-(pi, pi) line) decreasing
monotonically with doping, while persisting above Tc (the pseudogap), are
present in all samples, irrespective of whether they exhibit two-gap behavior
or not. Our results imply that universal aspects of high Tc superconductivity
are relatively insensitive to differences in the electronic states along the
Cu-O bond directions.


title:
Complete transversals of reversible equivariant singularities of vector
  fields

abstract:
  We use group representation theory to give algebraic formulae to compute
complete transversals of singularities of vector fields, either in the
nonsymmetric or in the reversible equivariant contexts. This computation
produces normal forms directly, which are used sistematically in the local
analysis of symmetric dynamics.


title:
Global Climate network evolves with North Atlantic Oscillation phases:
  Coupling to Southern Pacific Ocean

abstract:
  We construct a network from climate records of atmospheric temperature at
surface level, at different geographical sites in the globe, using reanalysis
data from years 1948-2010. We find that the network correlates with the North
Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), both locally in the north Atlantic, and through
coupling to the southern Pacific Ocean. The existence of tele-connection links
between those areas and their stability over time allows us to suggest a
possible physical explanation for this phenomenon.


title: Parallel Bayesian Additive Regression Trees

abstract:
  Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART) is a Bayesian approach to flexible
non-linear regression which has been shown to be competitive with the best
modern predictive methods such as those based on bagging and boosting. BART
offers some advantages. For example, the stochastic search Markov Chain Monte
Carlo (MCMC) algorithm can provide a more complete search of the model space
and variation across MCMC draws can capture the level of uncertainty in the
usual Bayesian way. The BART prior is robust in that reasonable results are
typically obtained with a default prior specification. However, the publicly
available implementation of the BART algorithm in the R package BayesTree is
not fast enough to be considered interactive with over a thousand observations,
and is unlikely to even run with 50,000 to 100,000 observations. In this paper
we show how the BART algorithm may be modified and then computed using single
program, multiple data (SPMD) parallel computation implemented using the
Message Passing Interface (MPI) library. The approach scales nearly linearly in
the number of processor cores, enabling the practitioner to perform statistical
inference on massive datasets. Our approach can also handle datasets too
massive to fit on any single data repository.


title:
Deconstructing $1/f$ noise and its universal crossover to non-$1/f$
  behavior

abstract:
  Noise of stochastic processes whose power spectrum scales at low frequencies,
$f$, as $1/f$ appears in such diverse systems that it is considered universal.
However, there have been a small number of instances from completely unrelated
fields, e.g., the fluctuations of the human heartbeat or vortices in
superconductors, in which power spectra have been observed to cross over from a
$1/f$ to a non-$1/f$ behavior at even lower frequencies. Here, we show that
such crossover must be universal, and can be accounted for by the memory of
initial conditions and the relaxation processes present in any physical system.
When the smallest frequency allowed by the experimental observation time,
$\omega_{obs}$, is larger than the smallest relaxation frequency,
$\Omega_{min}$, a $1/f$ power spectral density is obtained. Conversely, when
$\omega_{obs}<\Omega_{min}$ we predict that the power spectrum of any
stochastic process should exhibit a crossover from $1/f$ to a different,
integrable functional form provided there is enough time for experimental
observations. This crossover also provides a convenient tool to measure the
lowest relaxation frequency of a physical system.


title: On Borel structures in the Banach space C(\beta\omega)

abstract:
  M. Talagrand showed that, for the Cech-Stone compactification \beta\omega\ of
the space of natural numbers, the norm and the weak topology generate different
Borel structures in the Banach space C(\beta\omega). We prove that the Borel
structures in C(\beta\omega) generated by the weak and the pointwise topology
are also different.
  We also show that in C(\omega*), where \omega*=\beta\omega - \omega, there is
no countable family of pointwise Borel sets separating functions from
C(\omega*).


title: Plasmonic Hot Spots in Triangular Tapered Graphene Microcrystals

abstract:
  Recently, plasmons in graphene have been observed experimentally using
scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy. In this paper, we develop a
simplified analytical approach to describe the behavior in triangular samples.
Replacing Coulomb interaction by a short-range one reduces the problem to a
Helmholtz equation, amenable to analytical treatment. We demonstrate that even
with our simplifications, the system still exhibits the key features seen in
the experiment.


title:
SBML Qualitative Models: a model representation format and
  infrastructure to foster interactions between qualitative modelling
  formalisms and tools

abstract:
  Background: Qualitative frameworks, especially those based on the logical
discrete formalism, are increasingly used to model regulatory and signalling
networks. A major advantage of these frameworks is that they do not require
precise quantitative data, and that they are well-suited for studies of large
networks. While numerous groups have developed specific computational tools
that provide original methods to analyse qualitative models, a standard format
to exchange qualitative models has been missing.
  Results: We present the System Biology Markup Language (SBML) Qualitative
Models Package ("qual"), an extension of the SBML Level 3 standard designed for
computer representation of qualitative models of biological networks. We
demonstrate the interoperability of models via SBML qual through the analysis
of a specific signalling network by three independent software tools.
Furthermore, the cooperative development of the SBML qual format paved the way
for the development of LogicalModel, an open-source model library, which will
facilitate the adoption of the format as well as the collaborative development
of algorithms to analyze qualitative models.
  Conclusion: SBML qual allows the exchange of qualitative models among a
number of complementary software tools. SBML qual has the potential to promote
collaborative work on the development of novel computational approaches, as
well as on the specification and the analysis of comprehensive qualitative
models of regulatory and signalling networks.


title: Dual-channel lock-in magnetometer with a single spin in diamond

abstract:
  We present an experimental method to perform dual-channel lock-in
magnetometry of time-dependent magnetic fields using a single spin associated
with a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center in diamond. We incorporate
multi-pulse quantum sensing sequences with phase estimation algorithms to
achieve linearized field readout and constant, nearly decoherence-limited
sensitivity over a wide dynamic range. Furthermore, we demonstrate unambiguous
reconstruction of the amplitude and phase of the magnetic field. We show that
our technique can be applied to measure random phase jumps in the magnetic
field, as well as phase-sensitive readout of the frequency.


title:
Transitions to improved confinement regimes induced by changes in
  heating in zero-dimensional models for tokamak plasmas

abstract:
  It is shown that rapid substantial changes in heating rate can induce
transitions to improved energy confinement regimes in zero-dimensional models
for tokamak plasma phenomenology. We examine for the first time the effect of
step changes in heating rate in the models of E-J.Kim and P.H.Diamond,
Phys.Rev.Lett. 90, 185006 (2003) and M.A.Malkov and P.H.Diamond, Phys.Plasmas
16, 012504 (2009) which nonlinearly couple the evolving temperature gradient,
micro-turbulence and a mesoscale flow; and in the extension of H.Zhu,
S.C.Chapman and R.O.Dendy, Phys.Plasmas 20, 042302 (2013), which couples to a
second mesoscale flow component. The temperature gradient rises, as does the
confinement time defined by analogy with the fusion context, while
micro-turbulence is suppressed. This outcome is robust against variation of
heating rise time and against introduction of an additional variable into the
model. It is also demonstrated that oscillating changes in heating rate can
drive the level of micro-turbulence through a period-doubling path to chaos,
where the amplitude of the oscillatory component of the heating rate is the
control parameter.


title:
Dynamic Team Theory of Stochastic Differential Decision Systems with
  Decentralized Noisy Information Structures via Girsanov's Measure
  Transformation

abstract:
  In this paper, we present two methods which generalize static team theory to
dynamic team theory, in the context of continuous-time stochastic nonlinear
differential decentralized decision systems, with relaxed strategies, which are
measurable to different noisy information structures. For both methods we apply
Girsanov's measure transformation to obtain an equivalent dynamic team problem
under a reference probability measure, so that the observations and information
structures available for decisions, are not affected by any of the team
decisions. The first method is based on function space integration with respect
to products of Wiener measures, and generalizes Witsenhausen's [1] definition
of equivalence between discrete-time static and dynamic team problems. The
second method is based on stochastic Pontryagin's maximum principle. The team
optimality conditions are given by a "Hamiltonian System" consisting of forward
and backward stochastic differential equations, and a conditional variational
Hamiltonian with respect to the information structure of each team member,
expressed under the initial and a reference probability space via Girsanov's
measure transformation. Under global convexity conditions, we show that that
PbP optimality implies team optimality. In addition, we also show existence of
team and PbP optimal relaxed decentralized strategies (conditional
distributions), in the weak$^*$ sense, without imposing convexity on the action
spaces of the team members. Moreover, using the embedding of regular strategies
into relaxed strategies, we also obtain team and PbP optimality conditions for
regular team strategies, which are measurable functions of decentralized
information structures, and we use the Krein-Millman theorem to show
realizability of relaxed strategies by regular strategies.


title: Ultimate Positivity is Decidable for Simple Linear Recurrence Sequences

abstract:
  We consider the decidability and complexity of the Ultimate Positivity
Problem, which asks whether all but finitely many terms of a given rational
linear recurrence sequence (LRS) are positive. Using lower bounds in
Diophantine approximation concerning sums of S-units, we show that for simple
LRS (those whose characteristic polynomial has no repeated roots) the Ultimate
Positivity Problem is decidable in polynomial space. If we restrict to simple
LRS of a fixed order then we obtain a polynomial-time decision procedure. As a
complexity lower bound we show that Ultimate Positivity for simple LRS is hard
for co$\exists\mathbb{R}$, i.e., the class of problems solvable in the
universal theory of the reals (which lies between coNP and PSPACE).


title:
The asymptotic inadmissibility of the spatial sign covariance matrix for
  elliptically symmetric distributions

abstract:
  The asymptotic efficiency of the spatial sign covariance matrix (SSCM)
relative to affine equivariant estimates of scatter is studied in detail. In
particular, the SSCM is shown to be asymptoticaly inadmissible, i.e. the
asymptotic variance-covariance matrix of the consistency corrected SSCM is
uniformly smaller than that of its affine equivariant counterpart, namely
Tyler's scatter matrix. Although the SSCM has often been recommended when one
is interested in principal components analysis, the degree of the inefficiency
of the SSCM is shown to be most severe in situations where principal components
are of most interest. A finite sample simulation shows the inefficiency of the
SSCM also holds for small sample sizes, and that the asymptotic relative
efficiency is a good approximation to the finite sample efficiency for
relatively modest sample sizes.


title:
Fast spin control in a two-electron double quantum dot by dynamical
  invariants

abstract:
  Inverse engineering of electric fields has been recently proposed to achieve
fast and robust spin control in a single-electron quantum dot with spin-orbit
coupling. In this paper we design, by inverse engineering based on
Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants, time-dependent electric fields to realize fast
transitions in the selected singlet-triplet subspace of a two-electron double
quantum dot. We apply two-mode driving schemes, directly employing the
Lewis-Riesenfeld phases, to minimize the electric field necessary to design
flexible protocols and perform spin manipulation on the chosen timescale.


title: Zahir: a Object-Oriented Framework for Computer Graphics

abstract:
  In this article we present Zahir, a framework for experimentation in Computer
Graphics that provides a group of object-oriented base components that take
care of common tasks in rendering techniques and algorithms, specially those of
Non Photo-realistic Rendering (NPR). These components allow developers to
implement rendering techniques and algorithms over static and animated meshes.
Currently, Zahir is being used in a Master's Thesis and as support material in
the undergraduate Computer Graphics course in University of Chile.


title: Bremstrahlung in wormhole spacetime with infinitely short throat

abstract:
  We consider the total energy loss and spectral density of uniformly moving
electrically charged particles in the spacetime of a wormhole with an
infinitely short throat. We show that the total energy loss $\mathcal{E} \sim
e^2v\gamma a^2/b^3$, where $\gamma$ is relativistic factor, $a$ is the radius
of the wormhole's throat and $b$ is the impact factor. The spectrum of the
energy for particles radially moving through the wormhole's throat $\mathcal{E}
\sim e^2v\gamma/a$. The spectral density of the total energy has a maximum at
frequency $\omega_m \sim v\gamma/b$ and at $\omega_m \sim v\gamma /a$ for
radial motion.


title:
Existence theorems for non-Abelian Chern--Simons--Higgs vortices with
  flavor

abstract:
  In this paper we establish the existence of vortex solutions for a
Chern--Simons--Higgs model with gauge group $SU(N) \times U(1)$ and flavor
SU(N), these symmetries ensuring the existence of genuine non-Abelian vortices
through a color-flavor locking. Under a suitable ansatz we reduce the problem
to a $2\times 2$ system of nonlinear elliptic equations with exponential terms.
We study this system over the full plane and over a doubly periodic domain,
respectively. For the planar case we use a variational argument to establish
the existence result and derive the decay estimates of the solutions. Over the
doubly periodic domain we show that the system admits at least two
gauge-distinct solutions carrying the same physical energy by using a
constrained minimization approach and the mountain-pass theorem. In both cases
we get the quantized vortex magnetic fluxes and electric charges.


title: A note on a generalization of the Hadamard quotient theorem

abstract:
  We consider a generalization of the "Hadamard quotient theorem" of Pourchet
and van der Poorten. A particular case of our conjecture states that if $f :=
\sum_{n \geq 0} a(n)x^n$ and $g := \sum_{n \geq 0} b(n)x^n$ represent,
respectively, an algebraic and a rational function over a global field $K$ such
that $b(n) \neq 0$ for all $n$ and the coefficients of the power series $h :=
\sum_{n \geq 0} a(n)/b(n)x^n$ are contained in a finitely generated ring, then
$h$ is algebraic. We prove this conjecture if either (i) $g$ has a simple pole
of a strictly maximal absolute value at some place; or (ii) or poles of $g$ are
simple, there is a positive density $\delta > 0$ of places which split
completely in the field generated by the poles of g$ and at which all $b(n)$
are units, and with $d := [K(t,f):K(f)]$, the local radii of convergence $R_v$
of $h$ at the places $v$ of $K$ satisfy $\sum_v \log^+{R_v^{-1}} \leq
\delta/12d^4$.


title: Condition-Based Maintenance using Sensor Arrays and Telematics

abstract:
  Emergence of uniquely addressable embeddable devices has raised the bar on
Telematics capabilities. Though the technology itself is not new, its
application has been quite limited until now. Sensor based telematics
technologies generate volumes of data that are orders of magnitude larger than
what operators have dealt with previously. Real-time big data computation
capabilities have opened the flood gates for creating new predictive analytics
capabilities into an otherwise simple data log systems, enabling real-time
control and monitoring to take preventive action in case of any anomalies.
Condition-based-maintenance, usage-based-insurance, smart metering and
demand-based load generation etc. are some of the predictive analytics use
cases for Telematics. This paper presents the approach of condition-based
maintenance using real-time sensor monitoring, Telematics and predictive data
analytics.


title: Three Improvements to Multi-Level Monte Carlo Simulation of SDE Systems

abstract:
  We introduce three related but distinct improvements to multilevel Monte
Carlo (MLMC) methods for the solution of systems of stochastic differential
equations (SDEs). Firstly, we show that when the payoff function is twice
continuously differentiable, the computational cost of the scheme can be
dramatically reduced using a technique we call `Ito linearization'. Secondly,
by again using Ito's lemma, we introduce an alternative to the antithetic
method of Giles et. al [M.B. Giles, L. Szpruch. arXiv preprint arXiv:1202.6283,
2012] that uses an approximate version of the Milstein discretization requiring
no Levy area simulation to obtain the theoretically optimal cost-to-error
scaling. Thirdly, we generalize the antithetic method of Giles to arbitrary
refinement factors. We present numerical results and compare the relative
strengths of various MLMC-type methods, including each of those presented here.


title:
Low energy reaction $K^-p\rightarrow\Lambda\eta$ and the negative parity
  $\Lambda$ resonances

abstract:
  The reaction $K^-p\rightarrow\Lambda\eta$ at low energies is studied with a
chiral quark model approach. Good descriptions of the existing experimental
data are obtained. It is found that $\Lambda(1670)$ dominates the reaction
around threshold. Furthermore, $u$- and $t$-channel backgrounds play crucial
roles in this reaction as well. The contributions from the $D$-wave state
$\Lambda(1690)$ are negligibly small for its tiny coupling to $\eta\Lambda$. To
understand the strong coupling properties of the low-lying negative parity
$\Lambda$ resonances extracted from the $\bar{K}N$ scattering, we further study
their strong decays. It is found that these resonances are most likely mixed
states between different configurations. Considering these low-lying negative
parity $\Lambda$ resonances as mixed three-quark states, we can reasonably
understand both their strong decay properties from Particle Data Group and
their strong coupling properties extracted from the $\bar{K}N$ scattering. As a
byproduct, we also predict the strong decay properties of the missing $D$-wave
state $|\Lambda\frac{3}{2}^-\ >_3$ with a mass of $\sim1.8$ GeV. We suggest our
experimental colleagues search it in the $\Sigma(1385)\pi$ and $\Sigma\pi$
channels.


title: Leptonic Decays of Charged Pseudoscalar Mesons - 2013

abstract:
  We review the physics of purely leptonic decays of $\pi^\pm$, $K^\pm$,
$D^{\pm}$, $D_s^\pm$, and $B^\pm$ pseudoscalar mesons. The measured decay rates
are related to the product of the relevant weak-interaction-based CKM matrix
element of the constituent quarks and a strong interaction parameter related to
the overlap of the quark and antiquark wave-functions in the meson, called the
decay constant $f_P$. The interplay between theory and experiment is different
for each particle. Theoretical predictions of $f_B$ that are needed in the $B$
sector can be tested by measuring $f_{D^+}$ and $f_{D_s^+}$ in the charm
sector. The lighter $\pi^{\pm}$ and $K^{\pm}$ mesons provide stringent
comparisons between experiment and theory due to the accuracy of both the
measurements and the theoretical predictions. An abridged version of this
review was prepared for the Particle Data Group's 2014 edition \cite{Previous}.


title:
Universal Trimers induced by Spin-Orbit Coupling in Ultracold Fermi
  Gases

abstract:
  In this letter we address the issue how synthetic spin-orbit (SO) coupling
can strongly affect three-body physics in ultracold atomic gases. We consider a
system which consists of three fermionic atoms, including two spinless heavy
atoms and one spin-1/2 light atom subjected to an isotropic SO coupling. We
find that SO coupling can induce universal three-body bound states with
negative s-wave scattering length at a smaller mass ratio, where no trimer
bound state can exist if in the absence of SO coupling. The energies of these
trimers are independent of high-energy cutoff, and therefore they are universal
ones. Moreover, the resulting atom-dimer resonance can be effectively
controlled by SO coupling strength. Our results can be applied to systems like
${}^6$Li and ${}^{40}$K mixture.


title: On graphs with no induced subdivision of $K_4$

abstract:
  We prove a decomposition theorem for graphs that do not contain a subdivision
of $K_4$ as an induced subgraph where $K_4$ is the complete graph on four
vertices. We obtain also a structure theorem for the class $\cal C$ of graphs
that contain neither a subdivision of $K_4$ nor a wheel as an induced subgraph,
where a wheel is a cycle on at least four vertices together with a vertex that
has at least three neighbors on the cycle. Our structure theorem is used to
prove that every graph in $\cal C$ is 3-colorable and entails a polynomial-time
recognition algorithm for membership in $\cal C$. As an intermediate result, we
prove a structure theorem for the graphs whose cycles are all chordless.


title: Universality and scaling in the $N$-body sector of Efimov physics

abstract:
  Universal behaviour has been found inside the window of Efimov physics for
systems with $N=4,5,6$ particles. Efimov physics refers to the emergence of a
number of three-body states in systems of identical bosons interacting {\it
via} a short-range interaction becoming infinite at the verge of binding two
particles. These Efimov states display a discrete scale invariance symmetry,
with the scaling factor independent of the microscopic interaction. Their
energies in the limit of zero-range interaction can be parametrized, as a
function of the scattering length, by a universal function. We have found,
using a particular form of finite-range scaling, that the same universal
function can be used to parametrize the energies of $N\le6$ systems inside the
Efimov-physics window. Moreover, we show that the same finite-scale analysis
reconciles experimental measurements of three-body binding energies with the
universal theory.


title:
Rollover Preventive Force Synthesis at Active Suspensions in a Vehicle
  Performing a Severe Maneuver with Wheels Lifted off

abstract:
  Among the intelligent safety technologies for road vehicles, active
suspensions controlled by embedded computing elements for preventing rollover
have received a lot of attention. The existing models for synthesizing and
allocating forces in such suspensions are conservatively based on the
constraint that no wheels lift off the ground. However, in practice,
smart/active suspensions are more necessary in the situation where the wheels
have just lifted off the ground. The difficulty in computing control in the
last situation is that the problem requires satisfying disjunctive constraints
on the dynamics. To the authors',knowledge, no efficient solution method is
available for the simulation of dynamics with disjunctive constraints and thus
hardware realizable and accurate force allocation in an active suspension tends
to be a difficulty. In this work we give an algorithm for and simulate
numerical solutions of the force allocation problem as an optimal control
problem constrained by dynamics with disjunctive constraints. In particular we
study the allocation and synthesis of time-dependent active suspension forces
in terms of sensor output data in order to stabilize the roll motion of the
road vehicle. An equivalent constraint in the form of a convex combination
(hull) is proposed to satisfy the disjunctive constraints. The validated
numerical simulations show that it is possible to allocate and synthesize
control forces at the active suspensions from sensor output data such that the
forces stabilize the roll moment of the vehicle with its wheels just lifted off
the ground during arbitrary fish-hook maneuvers.