title:
Measurement of line widths and permanent electric dipole moment change
  of the Ce 4f-5d transition in Y_2SiO_5 for a qubit readout scheme in
  rare-earth ion based quantum computing

abstract:
  In this work the inhomogeneous (zero-phonon line) and homogeneous line
widths, and one projection of the permanent electric dipole moment change for
the Ce 4f-5d transition in Y_2SiO_5 were measured in order to investigate the
possibility for using Ce as a sensor to detect the hyperfine state of a
spatially close-lying Pr or Eu ion. The experiments were carried out on Ce
doped or Ce-Pr co-doped single Y_2SiO_5 crystals. The homogeneous line width
was measured to be about 3 MHz, which is essentially limited by the excited
state lifetime. Based on the line width measurements, the oscillator strength,
absorption cross section and saturation intensity were calculated to be about
9*10^-7, 5*10^-19 m^2 and 1*10^7 W/m^2, respectively. One projection of the
difference in permanent dipole moment, Delt_miu_Ce, between the ground and
excited states of the Ce ion was measured as 6.3 * 10^-30 C*m, which is about
26 times as large as that of Pr ions. The measurements done on Ce ions indicate
that the Ce ion is a promising candidate to be used as a probe to read out a
single qubit ion state for the quantum computing using rare-earth ions.


title: Power series and integral forms of Lame equation in Weierstrass's form

abstract:
  I consider the power series expansion of Lame function in the Weierstrass's
form and its integral forms applying three term recurrence formula[1]. I
investigate asymptotic expansions of Lame function for the cases of infinite
series and polynomials. I will show how the power series expansion of Lame
functions in the Weierstrass's form can be converted to closed-form integrals
for all cases of infinite series and polynomial. One interesting observation
resulting from the calculations is the fact that a Gauss hypergeometric
function recurs in each of sub-integral forms: the first sub-integral form
contains zero term of A_n's, the second one contains one term of A_n's, the
third one contains two terms of A_n's, etc.
  This paper is 7th out of 10 in series "Special functions and three term
recurrence formula (3TRF)". See section 7 for all the papers in the series.
Previous paper in series deals with the power series expansion and the integral
formalism of Lame equation in the algebraic form and its asymptotic
behavior[19]. The next paper in the series describes the generating functions
of Lame equation in the Weierstrass's form[21].
  Nine examples of 192 local solutions of the Heun equation (Maier, 2007) are
provided in the appendix. For each example, I show how to convert local
solutions of Heun equation by applying 3TRF to analytic solutions of Lame
equation in Weierstrass's form.


title: The generating functions of Lame equation in Weierstrass's form

abstract:
  Lame equation arises from deriving Laplace equation in ellipsoidal
coordinates; in other words, it's called ellipsoidal harmonic equation. Lame
function is applicable to diverse areas such as boundary value problems in
ellipsoidal geometry, chaotic Hamiltonian systems, the theory of Bose-Einstein
condensates, etc.
  By applying generating function into modern physics (quantum mechanics,
thermodynamics, black hole, supersymmetry, special functions, etc), we are able
to obtain the recursion relation, a normalization constant for the wave
function and expectation values of any physical quantities. For the case of
hydrogen-like atoms, generating function of associated Laguerre polynomial has
been used in order to derive expectation values of position and momentum. By
applying integral forms of Lame polynomial in the Weierstrass's form in which
makes B_n term terminated [29], I consider generating function of it including
all higher terms of A_n's.
  This paper is 8th out of 10 in series "Special functions and three term
recurrence formula (3TRF)". See section 4 for all the papers in the series.
Previous paper in series deals with the power series expansion and the integral
formalism of Lame equation in the Weierstrass's form and its asymptotic
behavior [29]. The next paper in the series describes analytic solution for
grand confluent hypergeometric function [31].


title: A note on conical solutions in 3D Vasiliev theory

abstract:
  We construct a class of smooth solutions in three-dimensional Vasiliev higher
spin theories based on the gauge algebra hs[\lambda]. These solutions naturally
generalize the previously constructed conical defect solutions in higher spin
theories with sl(N) gauge algebra, to which they reduce when \lambda is taken
to be equal to N. We provide evidence for their identification with specific
primary states of the W_\infty [\lambda] algebra in a particular classical
limit. In terms of the Gaberdiel-Gopakumar-'t Hooft limit of the W_N minimal
models, this limit corresponds to a regime where the 't Hooft coupling becomes
large.


title:
Revealing the character of orbits in a binary system consisting of a
  primary galaxy and a satellite companion

abstract:
  In this article, we present a galactic gravitational model of three degrees
of freedom (3D), in order to study and reveal the character of the orbits of
the stars, in a binary stellar system composed of a primary quiet or active
galaxy and a small satellite companion galaxy. Our main dynamical analysis will
be focused on the behavior of the primary galaxy. We investigate in detail the
regular or chaotic nature of motion, in two different cases: (i) the
time-independent model in both 2D and 3D dynamical systems and (ii) the
time-evolving 3D model. Our numerical calculations indicate that the percentage
of the chaotic orbits increases when the primary galaxy has a dense and massive
nucleus. The presence of the dense galactic core also increases the stellar
velocities near the center of the galaxy. Moreover, for small values of the
distance R between the two bodies, low-energy stars display chaotic motion,
near the central region of the galaxy, while for larger values of the distance
R, the motion in active galaxies is entirely regular for low-energy stars. Our
simulations suggest that in galaxies with a satellite companion, the chaotic
nature of motion is not only a result of the galactic interaction between the
primary galaxy and its companion, but also a result caused by the presence of
the dense nucleus in the core of the primary galaxy. Theoretical arguments are
presented in order to support and interpret the numerically derived outcomes.
Furthermore, we follow the 3D evolution of the primary galaxy, when mass is
transported adiabatically from the disk to the nucleus. Our numerical results
are in satisfactory agreement with observational data obtained from the
M51-type binary stellar systems. A comparison between the present research and
similar and earlier work is also made.


title:
From Many, One: Genetic Control of Prolificacy during Maize
  Domestication

abstract:
  A reduction in number and an increase in size of inflorescences is a common
aspect of plant domestication. When maize was domesticated from teosinte, the
number and arrangement of ears changed dramatically. Teosinte has long lateral
branches that bear multiple small ears at their nodes and tassels at their
tips. Maize has much shorter lateral branches that are tipped by a single large
ear with no additional ears at the branch nodes. To investigate the genetic
basis of this difference in prolificacy (the number of ears on a plant), we
performed a genome-wide QTL scan. A large effect QTL for prolificacy (prol1.1)
was detected on the short arm of chromosome one in a location that has
previously been shown to influence multiple domestication traits. We
fine-mapped prol1.1 to a 2.7 kb interval or causative region upstream of the
grassy tillers1 gene, which encodes a homeodomain leucine zipper transcription
factor. Tissue in situ hybridizations reveal that the maize allele of prol1.1
is associated with up-regulation of gt1 expression in the nodal plexus. Given
that maize does not initiate secondary ear buds, the expression of gt1 in the
nodal plexus in maize may suppress their initiation. Population genetic
analyses indicate positive selection on the maize allele of prol1.1, causing a
partial sweep that fixed the maize allele throughout most of domesticated
maize. This work shows how a subtle cis-regulatory change in tissue specific
gene expression altered plant architecture in a way that improved the
harvestability of maize.


title:
Disorder Line and Incommensurate Floating Phases in the Quantum Ising
  Model on an Anisotropic Triangular Lattice

abstract:
  We present a Quantum Monte Carlo study of the Ising model in a transverse
field on a square lattice with nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange
interaction J and one diagonal second-neighbor interaction $J'$, interpolating
between square-lattice ($J'=0$) and triangular-lattice ($J'=J$) limits. At a
transverse-field of $B_x=J$, the disorder-line first introduced by Stephenson,
where the correlations go from Neel to incommensurate, meets the zero
temperature axis at $J'\approx 0.7 J$. Strong evidence is provided that the
incommensurate phase at larger $J'$, at finite temperatures, is a floating
phase with power-law decaying correlations. We sketch a general phase-diagram
for such a system and discuss how our work connects with the previous Quantum
Monte Carlo work by Isakov and Moessner for the isotropic triangular lattice
($J'=J$). For the isotropic triangular-lattice, we also obtain the entropy
function and constant entropy contours using a mix of Quantum Monte Carlo,
high-temperature series expansions and high-field expansion methods and show
that phase transitions in the model in presence of a transverse field occur at
very low entropy.


title: The detailed nature of active central cluster galaxies

abstract:
  We present detailed integral field unit (IFU) observations of the central few
kiloparsecs of the ionised nebulae surrounding four active central cluster
galaxies (CCGs) in cooling flow clusters (Abell 0496, 0780, 1644 and 2052). Our
sample consists of CCGs with H{\alpha} filaments, and have existing data from
the X-ray regime available. Here, we present the detailed optical emission-line
(and simultaneous absorption line) data over a broad wavelength range to probe
the dominant ionisation processes, excitation sources, morphology and
kinematics of the hot gas (as well as the morphology and kinematics of the
stars). This, combined with the other multiwavelength data, will form a
complete view of the different phases (hot and cold gas and stars) and how they
interact in the processes of star formation and feedback detected in central
galaxies in cooling flow clusters, as well as the influence of the host
cluster. We derive the optical dust extinction maps of the four nebulae. We
also derive a range of different kinematic properties, given the small sample
size. For Abell 0496 and 0780, we find that the stars and gas are kinematically
decoupled, and in the case of Abell 1644 we find that these components are
aligned. For Abell 2052, we find that the gaseous components show rotation even
though no rotation is apparent in the stellar components. To the degree that
our spatial resolution reveals, it appears that all the optical forbidden and
hydrogen recombination lines originate in the same gas for all the galaxies.
Based on optical diagnostic ratios ([OIII]{\lambda}5007/H{\beta} against
[NII]{\lambda}6584/H{\alpha}, [SII]{\lambda}{\lambda}6717,6731/H{\alpha}, and
[OI]{\lambda}6300/H{\alpha}), all galaxies show extended LINER emission, but
that at least one has significant Seyfert emission areas, and at least one
other has significant HII like emission line ratios for many pixels. ABRIDGED.


title: Zeroless Arithmetic: Representing Integers ONLY using ONE

abstract:
  We use recurrence equations (alias difference equations) to enumerate the
number of formula-representations of positive integers using only addition and
multiplication, and using addition, multiplication, and exponentiation, where
all the inputs are ones. We also describe efficient algorithms for the random
generation of such representations, and use Dynamical Programming to find a
shortest possible formula representing any given positive integer.


title: High precision framework for Chaos Many-Body Engine

abstract:
  In this paper we present a C# 4.0 high precision framework for simulation of
relativistic many-body systems. In order to benefit from, previously developed,
chaos analysis instruments, all new modules were designed to be integrated with
Chaos Many-Body Engine [1,3]. As a direct application, we used 46 digits
precision for analyzing the Butterfly Effect of the gravitational force in a
specific relativistic nuclear collision toy-model. Trying to investigate the
average Lyapunov Exponent dependency on the incident momentum, an interesting
case of intermittency was noticed. Based on the same framework, other
high-precision simulations are currently in progress (e.g. study on the
possibility of considering, hard to detect, extremely low frequency photons as
one of the dark matter components).


title:
Unfreezing Casimir invariants: singular perturbations giving rise to
  forbidden instabilities

abstract:
  The infinite-dimensional mechanics of fluids and plasmas can be formulated as
"noncanonical" Hamiltonian systems on a phase space of Eulerian variables.
Singularities of the Poisson bracket operator produce singular Casimir elements
that foliate the phase space, imposing topological constraints on the dynamics.
Here we proffer a physical interpretation of Casimir elements as
\emph{adiabatic invariants} ---upon coarse graining microscopic angle
variables, we obtain a macroscopic hierarchy on which the separated action
variables become adiabatic invariants. On reflection, a Casimir element may be
\emph{unfrozen} by recovering a corresponding angle variable; such an increase
in the number of degrees of freedom is, then, formulated as a \emph{singular
perturbation}. As an example, we propose a canonization of the
resonant-singularity of the Poisson bracket operator of the linearized
magnetohydrodynamics equations, by which the ideal obstacle (resonant Casimir
element) constraining the dynamics is unfrozen, giving rise to a tearing-mode
instability.


title: Lambda Words: A Class of Rich Words Defined Over an Infinite Alphabet

abstract:
  Lambda words are sequences obtained by encoding the differences between
ordered elements of the form i+j\theta, where i and j are non-negative integers
and 1 < \theta <2. Lambda words are right-infinite words defined over an
infinite alphabet that have connections with Sturmian words, Christoffel words,
and interspersion arrays. We show that Lambda words are infinite rich words.
Furthermore, any Lambda word may be mapped onto a right-infinite word over a
three-letter alphabet. Although the mapping preserves palindromes and
non-palindromes of the Lambda word, the resulting Gamma word is not rich.


title:
Weighted Sato-Tate Vertical Distribution of the Satake Parameter of
  Maass Forms on PGL(N)

abstract:
  We formulate a conjectured orthogonality relation between the Fourier
coefficients of Maass forms on PGL(N) for N>=2. Based on the work of
Goldfeld-Kontorovich and Blomer for N=3, and on our conjecture for N>=4, we
prove a weighted vertical equidistribution theorem (with respect to the
generalized Sato-Tate measure) for the Satake parameter of Maass forms at a
finite prime. For N=3, the rate of convergence for the equidistribution theorem
is obtained.


title:
Set-Membership Conjugate Gradient Constrained Adaptive Filtering
  Algorithm for Beamforming

abstract:
  We introduce a new linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) beamformer
that combines the set-membership (SM) technique with the conjugate gradient
(CG) method, and develop a low-complexity adaptive filtering algorithm for
beamforming. The proposed algorithm utilizes a CG-based vector and a variable
forgetting factor to perform the data-selective updates that are controlled by
a time-varying bound related to the parameters. For the update, the CG-based
vector is calculated iteratively (one iteration per update) to obtain the
filter parameters and to avoid the matrix inversion. The resulting iterations
construct a space of feasible solutions that satisfy the constraints of the
LCMV optimization problem. The proposed algorithm reduces the computational
complexity significantly and shows an enhanced convergence and tracking
performance over existing algorithms.


title:
Screening properties of Gaussian electrolyte models, with application to
  dissipative particle dynamics

abstract:
  We investigate the screening properties of Gaussian charge models of
electrolyte solutions by analysing the asymptotic behaviour of the pair
distribution functions. We use a combination of Monte-Carlo simulations with
the hyper-netted chain integral equation closure, and the random phase
approximation, to establish the conditions under which a screening length is
well defined and the extent to which it matches the expected Debye length. For
practical applications, for example in dissipative particle dynamics, we are
able to summarise our results in succinct rules-of-thumb which can be used for
mesoscale modeling of electrolyte solutions. We thereby establish a solid
foundation for future work, such as the systematic incorporation of specific
ion effects.


title:
Joint convergence along different subsequences of the signed cubic
  variation of fractional Brownian motion II

abstract:
  The purpose of this paper is to provide a complete description the
convergence in distribution of two subsequences of the signed cubic variation
of the fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter $H = 1/6$.


title:
Magnetoelastic coupling and charge correlation lengths in a twin domain
  of Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ ($x=0.047$): A high-resolution X-ray
  diffraction study

abstract:
  The interplay between structure, magnetism and superconductivity in single
crystal Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ (x=0.047) has been studied using
high-resolution X-ray diffraction by monitoring charge Bragg reflections in
each twin domain separately. The emergence of the superconducting state is
correlated with the suppression of the orthorhombic distortion around
\emph{T}$_\texttt{C}$, exhibiting competition between orthorhombicity and
superconductivity. Above \emph{T}$_\texttt{S}$, the in-plane charge correlation
length increases with the decrease of temperature, possibly induced by nematic
fluctuations in the paramagnetic tetragonal phase. Upon cooling, anomalies in
the in-plane charge correlation lengths along $a$ ($\xi_{a}$) and $b$ axes
($\xi_{b}$) are observed at \emph{T}$_\texttt{S}$ and also at
\emph{T}$_\texttt{N}$ indicative of strong magnetoelastic coupling. The
in-plane charge correlation lengths are found to exhibit anisotropic behavior
along and perpendicular to the in-plane component of stripe-type AFM wave
vector (101)$_{\rm O}$ below around \emph{T}$_\texttt{N}$. The temperature
dependence of the out-of-plane charge correlation length shows a single anomaly
at \emph{T}$_\texttt{N}$, reflecting the connection between Fe-As distance and
Fe local moment. The origin of the anisotropic in-plane charge correlation
lengths $\xi_{a}$ and $\xi_{b}$ is discussed on the basis of the antiphase
magnetic domains and their dynamic fluctuations.


title: Salts and radiation products on the surface of Europa

abstract:
  The surface of Europa could contain the compositional imprint of a underlying
interior ocean, but competing hypotheses differ over whether spectral
observations from the Galileo spacecraft show the signature of ocean evaporates
or simply surface radiation products unrelated to the interior. Using adaptive
optics at the W.M. Keck Observatory, we have obtained spatially resolved
spectra of most of the disk of Europa at a spectral resolution ~40 times higher
than seen by the Galileo spacecraft. These spectra show a previously undetected
distinct signature of magnesium sulfate salts on Europa, but the magnesium
sulfate is confined to the trailing hemisphere and spatially correlated with
the presence of radiation products like sulfuric acid and SO2. On the leading,
less irradiated, hemisphere, our observations rule out the presence of many of
the proposed sulfate salts, but do show the presence of distorted water ice
bands. Based on the association of the potential MgSO4, detection on the
trailing side with other radiation products, we conclude that MgSO4 is also a
radiation product, rather than a constituent of a Europa ocean brine. Based on
ocean chemistry models, we hypothesize that, prior to irradiation, magnesium is
primarily in the form of MgCl2, and we predict that NaCl and KCl are even more
abundant, and, in fact, dominate the non-ice component of the leading
hemisphere. We propose observational tests of this new hypothesis.


title: Kakeya Configurations in Lie Groups and Homogeneous Spaces

abstract:
  In this paper, we study continuous Kakeya line and needle configurations, of
both the oriented and unoriented varieties, in connected Lie groups and some
associated homogenous spaces. These are the analogs of Kakeya line (needle)
sets (subsets of $\mathbb{R}^n$ where it is possible to turn a line
(respectively an interval of unit length) through all directions {\bf
continuously, without repeating a "direction"}.) We show under some general
assumptions that any such continuous Kakeya line configuration set in a
connected Lie group must contain an open neighborhood of the identity, and
hence must have positive Haar measure. In connected nilpotent Lie groups $G$,
the only subspace of $G$ that contains such an unoriented line configuration is
shown to be $G$ itself. Finally some similar questions in homogeneous spaces
are addressed.
  These questions were motivated by work of Z. Dvir in the finite field
setting.


title: Identities for matrix invariants of the symplectic group

abstract:
  The general linear group acts on the space of several linear maps on the
vector space as the basis change. Similarly, we have the actions of the
orthogonal and symplectic groups. Generators and identities for the
corresponding polynomial invariants over a characteristic zero field were
described by Sibirskii, Procesi and Razmyslov in 1970s. In 1992 Donkin started
to transfer these results to the case of infinite fields of arbitrary
characteristic. We completed this transference for fields of odd characteristic
by establishing identities for the symplectic matrix invariants over infinite
fields of odd characteristic.


title:
A new technique for the determination of the initial mass function in
  unresolved stellar populations

abstract:
  We present a new technique for the determination of the low-mass slope
($\alpha_1$; $M_* < 0.5 M_{\odot}$) of the present day stellar mass function
(PDMF) using the pixel space fitting of integrated light spectra. It can be
used to constrain the initial mass function (IMF) of stellar systems with
relaxation timescales exceeding the Hubble time and testing the IMF
universality hypothesis. We provide two versions of the technique: (1) a fully
unconstrained determination of the age, metallicity, and $\alpha_1$ and (2) a
constrained fitting by imposing the externally determined mass-to-light ratio
of the stellar population. We have tested our approach by Monte-Carlo
simulations using mock spectra and conclude that: (a) age, metallicity and
$\alpha_1$ can be precisely determined by applying the unconstrained version of
the code to high signal-to-noise datasets (S/N=100, R=7000 yield $\Delta
\alpha_1 \approx 0.1$); (b) the $M/L$ constraint significantly improves the
precision and reduces the degeneracies, however its systematic errors will
cause biased $\alpha_1$ estimates; (c) standard Lick indices cannot constrain
the PDMF because they miss most of the mass function sensitive spectral
features; (d) the $\alpha_1$ determination remains unaffected by the high-mass
IMF shape ($\alpha_3$; $M_* \ge 1 M_{\odot}$) variation for stellar systems
older than 8 Gyr, while the intermediate-mass IMF slope ($\alpha_2$; $0.5 \le
M_* < 1 M_{\odot}$) may introduce biases into the best-fitting $\alpha_1$
values if it is different from the canonical value $\alpha_2 = 2.3$. We
analysed observed intermediate resolution spectra of ultracompact dwarf
galaxies with our technique and demonstrated its applicability to real data.


title: Associative nil-algebras over finite fields

abstract:
  The nilpotency degree of a relatively free finitely generated associative
algebra with the identity $x^n=0$ is studied over finite fields.


title: Neutrinoless double beta decay and lepton number violation at the LHC

abstract:
  We compare the discovery potential of the LHC for lepton number violating
(LNV) signals with the sensitivity of current and future double beta decay
experiments, assuming 0\nu\beta\beta decay is dominated by heavy particle
exchange. We consider charged scalar, leptoquark and diquark mechanisms of
0\nu\beta\beta-decay, covering the 0\nu\beta\beta-decay operators with both,
the smallest and largest, possible rates. We demonstrate, if
0\nu\beta\beta-decay were found with a half-life below $10^{26}-10^{27}$ ys a
positive signal should show up at the LHC, except for some particular cases of
the leptoquark mechanism, and vice versa, if the LHC does not find any hints
for LNV, a "short-range" explanation for a finite 0\nu\beta\beta-decay
half-life will be ruled out in most cases. We argue, if a positive LNV signal
were found at the LHC, it is possible to identify the dominant contribution to
0\nu\beta\beta. Two different kinds of observables which could provide such
"model discriminating" power are discussed: Different invariant mass peaks and
the charge asymmetry.


title: Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly with known \theta_{13}

abstract:
  We revisit the reactor antineutrino anomaly using the recent reactor flux
independent determination of sizable theta?13 by considering the full set of
the absolute reactor electron antineutrino flux measurements. When normalized
to the predicted flux of Mueller et al. [1], the new world average, after
including results from Palo Verde, Chooz, and Double Chooz, is 0.959 +- 0.009
(experiment uncertainty) +- 0.027 (flux systematics). Including the data with
kilometer baseline, the new world average is only about 1.4 sigma lower than
the unity, weakening the significance of the reactor antineutrino anomaly. The
upcoming results from Daya Bay, RENO, and the Double Chooz will provide further
information about this issue.


title:
Measurement of Charge Multiplicity Asymmetry Correlations in High Energy
  Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions at 200 GeV

abstract:
  A study is reported of the same- and opposite-sign charge-dependent azimuthal
correlations with respect to the event plane in Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV.
The charge multiplicity asymmetries between the up/down and left/right
hemispheres relative to the event plane are utilized. The contributions from
statistical fluctuations and detector effects were subtracted from the
(co-)variance of the observed charge multiplicity asymmetries. In the mid- to
most-central collisions, the same- (opposite-) sign pairs are preferentially
emitted in back-to-back (aligned on the same-side) directions. The charge
separation across the event plane, measured by the difference, $\Delta$,
between the like- and unlike-sign up/down $-$ left/right correlations, is
largest near the event plane. The difference is found to be proportional to the
event-by-event final-state particle ellipticity (via the observed second-order
harmonic $v^{\rm obs}_{2}$), where $\Delta=(1.3\pm1.4({\rm
stat})^{+4.0}_{-1.0}({\rm syst}))\times10^{-5}+(3.2\pm0.2({\rm
stat})^{+0.4}_{-0.3}({\rm syst}))\times10^{-3}v^{\rm obs}_{2}$ for 20-40% Au+Au
collisions. The implications for the proposed chiral magnetic effect are
discussed.


title:
Geometric realizations and duality for Dahmen-Micchelli modules and De
  Concini-Procesi-Vergne modules

abstract:
  We give an algebraic description of several modules and algebras related to
the vector partition function, and we prove that they can be realized as the
equivariant K-theory of some manifolds that have a nice combinatorial
description. We also propose a more natural and general notion of duality
between these modules, which corresponds to a Poincar\'e duality-type
correspondence for equivariant K-theory.


title:
Interplay of octahedral rotations and breathing distortions in charge
  ordering perovskite oxides

abstract:
  We investigate the structure--property relationships in $AB$O$_3$ perovskites
exhibiting octahedral rotations and cooperative octahedral breathing
distortions (CBD) using group theoretical methods. Rotations of octahedra are
ubiquitous in the perovskite family, while the appearance of breathing
distortions -- oxygen displacement patterns that lead to approximately uniform
dilation and contraction of the $B$O$_6$ octahedra -- are rarer in compositions
with a single, chemically unique $B$-site. The presence of a CBD relies on
electronic instabilities of the $B$-site cations, either orbital degeneracies
or valence-state fluctuations, and often appear concomitant with charge order
metal--insulator transitions or $B$-site cation ordering. We enumerate the
structural variants obtained from rotational and breathing lattice modes and
formulate a general Landau functional describing their interaction. We use this
information and combine it with statistical correlation techniques to evaluate
the role of atomic scale distortions on the critical temperatures in
representative charge ordering nickelate and bismuthate perovskites. Our
results provide new microscopic insights into the underlying
structure--property interactions across electronic and magnetic phase
boundaries, suggesting plausible routes to tailor the behavior of functional
oxides by design.


title: Circular reasoning: who first proved that $C/d$ is a constant?

abstract:
  We answer the question: who first proved that $C/d$ is a constant? We argue
that Archimedes proved that the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its
diameter is a constant independent of the circle and that the circumference
constant equals the area constant ($C/d=A/r^{2}$). He stated neither result
explicitly, but both are implied by his work. His proof required the addition
of two axioms beyond those in Euclid's \emph{Elements}; this was the first step
toward a rigorous theory of arc length. We also discuss how Archimedes's work
coexisted with the 2000-year belief -- championed by scholars from Aristotle to
Descartes -- that it is impossible to find the ratio of a curved line to a
straight line.


title: Factorization in large-scale many-body calculations

abstract:
  One approach for solving interacting many-fermion systems is the
configuration-interaction method, also sometimes called the interacting shell
model, where one finds eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian in a many-body basis of
Slater determinants (antisymmeterized products of single-particle
wavefunctions). The resulting Hamiltonian matrix is typically very sparse, but
for large systems the nonzero matrix elements can nonetheless require terabytes
or more of storage. An alternate algorithm, applicable to a broad class of
systems with symmetry, in our case rotational invariance, is to exactly
factorize both the basis and the interaction using additive/multiplicative
quantum numbers; such an algorithm can reduce the storage requirements by an
order of magnitude or more. We discuss factorization in general as well as in
the context of a specific configuration-interaction code, BIGSTICK, which runs
both on serial and parallel machines.


title:
Recent selective sweeps in North American Drosophila melanogaster show
  signatures of soft sweeps

abstract:
  Rapid adaptation has been observed in numerous organisms in response to
selective pressures, such as the application of pesticides and the presence of
pathogens. When rapid adaptation is driven by rare alleles from the standing
genetic variation or by a high population rate of de novo adaptive mutation,
positive selection should commonly generate soft rather that hard selective
sweeps. In a soft sweep, multiple adaptive haplotypes sweep through the
population simultaneously, in contrast to hard sweeps in which only a single
adaptive haplotype rises to high frequency. Current statistical methods were
not designed to detect soft sweeps, and are therefore likely to miss these
possibly numerous adaptive events. Here, we develop a statistical test (H12)
based on haplotype homozygosity that is capable of detecting both hard and soft
sweeps with similar power. We use H12 to identify multiple genomic regions that
have undergone recent and strong adaptation in a population sample of fully
sequenced Drosophila melanogaster strains from the Drosophila Genetic Reference
Panel (DGRP). Visual inspection of the top 50 peaks revealed that multiple
haplotypes are at high frequency, consistent with signatures of soft sweep. We
developed a second statistic (H2/H1) that is sensitive to signatures common to
soft sweeps but not hard sweeps, in order to determine whether sweeps detected
by H12 can be more easily generated by hard versus soft sweeps. Surprisingly,
we find that the H12 and H2/H1 values for all top 50 peaks are more easily
generated by soft sweeps than hard sweeps under several evolutionary scenarios.


title: Nucleosynthesis: what direct reactions can do for it?

abstract:
  The reactions of relevance for stellar evolution are difficult to measure
directly in the laboratory at the small astrophysical energies. In recent years
indirect reaction methods have been developed and applied to extract low-energy
astrophysical S-factors. These methods require a combination of new
experimental techniques and theoretical efforts, which are the subject of this
short review.


title:
KRAB Algorithm - A Revised Algorithm for Incremental Call Graph
  Generation

abstract:
  This paper is aimed to present the importance and implementation of an
incremental call graph plugin. An algorithm is proposed for the call graph
implementation which has better overall performance than the algorithm that has
been proposed previously. In addition to this, the algorithm has been
empirically proved to have excellent performance on recursive codes. The
algorithm also readily checks for function skip and returns exceptions.


title:
Can the canonical quantization be accomplished within the intrinsic
  geometry?

abstract:
  For particles constrained on a curved surface, how to perform quantization
within Dirac's canonical quantization scheme is a long-standing problem. On one
hand, Dirac stressed that the Cartesian coordinate system has fundamental
importance in passing from the classical Hamiltonian to its quantum mechanical
form while preserving the classical algebraic structure between positions,
momenta and Hamiltonian to the extent possible. On the other, on the curved
surface, we have no exact Cartesian coordinate system within intrinsic
geometry. These two facts imply that the three-dimensional Euclidean space in
which the curved surface is embedded must be invoked otherwise no proper
canonical quantization is attainable. Since the minimum surfaces, catenoid and
helicoid studied in this paper, have vanishing mean curvature, we explore
whether the intrinsic geometry offers a proper framework in which the quantum
theory can be established in a self-consistent way. Results show that it does
for quantum motions on catenoid and it does not for that on helicoid, but
neither is compatible with Schr\"odinger theory. In contrast, in
three-dimensional Euclidean space, the geometric momentum and potential are
then in agreement with those given by the Schr\"odinger theory.


title: Securing Web Services Using XML Signature and XML Encryption

abstract:
  This paper is aimed to evaluate the importance of XML Signature and XML
Encryption in Web Service Security. In today's business scenario, organizations
are investing huge amount of resources in Web Services. Web Service
Transactions are done mainly through plain-text XML formats like SOAP and WSDL,
hence hacking into them is not a tedious task. XML Signature and XML Encryption
ensure security to XML documents as well as retain the structure of documents,
thereby making it easy to implement them. These two methods are evaluated on
the parameters of authentication, authorization, integration, confidentiality
and non-repudiation.


title:
Renormalization Group Approach to Anderson Impurity in the Bulk of
  Topological Insulators

abstract:
  It has been recently suggested that when an Anderson impurity is immersed in
the bulk of a topological insulator, a Kondo resonant peak will appear
simultaneously with an in-gap bound-state when the band-dispersion has an
"inverted-Mexican-hat" form. The mid-gap bound-state generates another spin
state and the Kondo effect is thereby screened. In this paper we study this
problem within a weak-coupling RG scheme where we show that the system exhibits
complex crossover behavior between different symmetry configurations and may
evolve into a self-screened-Kondo or SO(3) low energy fix point. Experimental
consequences of this scenario are pointed out.


title:
Decomposed Finsler geometry: decomposed Finsler gravity and physical
  applications

abstract:
  Special class of Finsler metrics that can be decomposed to the product of two
Riemannian metrics is considered. Based on such decomposition a new kind of
Finsler gravity is suggested. Physical applications of Finsler decomposed
metric are considered.


title:
Universal hadronization condition in heavy ion collisions at
  $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}= 62$ GeV and at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=2.76$ TeV

abstract:
  We obtain a detailed description of all available hadron multiplicity yields
in central Pb--Pb collisions at LHC measured in the rapidity interval
$|y|<0.5$. We find that the hadronization of the fireball at LHC occurs at
nearly identical intensive physical bulk conditions for all centralities
similar to those seen already at RHIC.


title: Direct observation of zitterbewegung in a Bose-Einstein condensate

abstract:
  Zitterbewegung, a force-free trembling motion first predicted for
relativistic fermions like electrons, was an unexpected consequence of the
Dirac equation's unification of quantum mechanics and special relativity.
Though the oscillatory motion's large frequency and small amplitude have
precluded its measurement with electrons, zitterbewegung is observable via
quantum simulation. We engineered an environment for 87Rb Bose-Einstein
condensates where the constituent atoms behaved like relativistic particles
subject to the one-dimensional Dirac equation. With direct imaging, we observed
the sub-micrometer trembling motion of these clouds, demonstrating the utility
of neutral ultracold quantum gases for simulating Dirac particles.


title:
Assessment of some experimental and image analysis factors for
  background oriented schlieren measurements

abstract:
  Quantitative measurements of fluid flow properties can be achieved by
background oriented schlieren. In this paper it is shown that this depends on
several factors. Image quality index is used to investigate the influence of
the image sensor and the quality of its output. Image evaluation is applied to
synthetic images which are treated with a step function, so that they simulate
the sharp density jump. The gradual change of the evaluated vector shift
revealed the major dependence on the interrogation window, and less so on the
background features. BOS applied to shock wave reflection from a wedge in a
shock tube gave qualitative results, due to large uncertainties. But, the
application to cooling by natural convection gave satisfactory results,
comparable to thermocouple data and theory.


title: Implementation without commitment in moral hazard environments

abstract:
  Interdependent-choice equilibrium is defined as an extension of correlated
equilibrium in which the mediator is able to choose the timing of her signals,
and observe the actions taken by the players. The set of interdependent-choice
equilibria is a nonempty, closed and convex polytope. It characterizes all the
outcomes that can be implemented in single shot interactions without
repetition, side payments, binding contracts or any other form of delegation.


title:
Superconductivity under pressure in $R$FeAsO$_{\rm 1-x}$F$_{\rm x}$
  ($R$=La, Ce$-$Sm) by dc magnetization measurements

abstract:
  Superconducting transition under pressure ($P$) has been investigated for
optimum-doped $R$FeAsO$_{\rm 1-x}$F$_{\rm x}$ ($R$=La, Ce$-$Sm) by dc
magnetization measurements. For $R$=La, $T_{\rm c}$ is found to be pressure
independent up to $P$$\sim$3.0 GPa and then shows a monotonic decrease with
increasing pressure. The plateau width decreases for the system with smaller
lattice constants, and shrinks to almost zero for $R$=Sm. From the $T_{\rm
c}$($P$) data, we construct the $T_{\rm c}$ evolution map on the height of the
As atom from the Fe-plane $h_{\rm As}$ versus lattice constant $a$ or $c$
plane. It is shown that the characteristic $T_{\rm c}$ variations under
pressure for all compounds and the rapid decrease in $T_{\rm c}$ induced by
changing $R$-element from Sm to La can be described by a common $T_{\rm
c}$($h_{\rm As}$, $a$ or $c$) surface, suggesting that $T_{\rm c}$ is
determined by $h_{\rm As}$ and lattice constant. It is also suggested that
there exists an upper limit of the lattice constant $a_{\rm ulm}$ (or $c_{\rm
ulm}$), above which $dT_{\rm c}$$da$ (or $dT_{\rm c}$$dc$) changes the sign
from positive to negative.


title: Electronic shell structure and chemisorption on gold nanoparticles

abstract:
  We use density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the electronic
structure and chemical properties of gold nanoparticles. Different structural
families of clusters are compared. For up to 60 atoms we optimize structures
using DFT-based simulated annealing. Cluster geometries are found to distort
considerably, creating large band gaps at the Fermi level. For up to 200 atoms
we consider structures generated with a simple EMT potential and clusters based
on cuboctahedra and icosahedra. All types of cluster geometry exhibit
jellium-like electronic shell structure. We calculate adsorption energies of
several atoms on the cuboctahedral clusters. Adsorption energies are found to
vary abruptly at magic numbers. Using a Newns-Anderson model we find that the
effect of magic numbers on adsorption energy can be understood from the
location of adsorbate-induced states with respect to the cluster Fermi level.


title: AF labeled graph $C^*$-algebras

abstract:
  It is known that a graph $C^*$-algebra $C^*(E)$ is approximately finite
dimensional (AF) if and only if the graph $E$ has no loops. In this paper we
consider the question of when a labeled graph $C^*$-algebra $C^*(E,\CL,\CB)$ is
AF. A notion of loop in a labeled space $(E,\CL,\CB)$ is defined when $\CB$ is
the smallest one among the accommodating sets that are closed under relative
complements and it is proved that if a labeled graph $C^*$-algebra is AF, the
labeled space has no loops. A sufficient condition for a labeled space to be
associated to AF algebra is also given. For graph $C^*$-algebras $C^*(E)$, this
sufficient condition is also a necessary one. Besides, we discuss other
equivalent conditions for a graph $C^*$-algebra to be AF in the setting of
labeled graphs and prove that these conditions are not always equivalent by
invoking various examples.


title:
Free associative algebras, noncommutative Grobner bases, and universal
  associative envelopes for nonassociative structures

abstract:
  These are the lecture notes from my short course of the same title at the
CIMPA Research School on Associative and Nonassociative Algebras and
Dialgebras: Theory and Algorithms - In Honour of Jean-Louis Loday (1946-2012),
held at CIMAT, Guanajuato, Mexico, February 17 to March 2, 2013. The underlying
motivation is to apply the theory of noncommutative Grobner bases in free
associative algebras to the construction of universal associative envelopes for
nonassociative structures defined by multilinear operations. Trilinear
operations were classified by the author and Peresi in 2007. In her Ph.D.
thesis of 2012, Elgendy studied the universal associative envelopes of
nonassociative triple systems obtained by applying these trilinear operations
to the 2-dimensional simple associative triple system. In these notes I use
computer algebra to extend some aspects of her work to the 4-dimensional and
6-dimensional simple associative triple systems.


title:
A spin ladder compound doubles its superconducting TC under a gentle
  uniaxial pressure

abstract:
  Discovery of new high TC superconductors, with TC > 23 K, continues to be
challenging. We have doubled the existing TC of single crystal Sr3Ca11Cu24O41,
a spin ladder cuprate, from 12K to 24K, using a gentle uniaxial pressure ~ 0.06
GPa. In contrast, earlier works used a nearly 100 times larger hydrostatic
pressure 5 GPa, only to reach a maximum TC ~ 12K. Our work exposes large and
nearly equal, but opposing contributions to changes in TC, arising from
compressions along and perpendicular to ladder planes, in hydrostatic pressure
experiments. In our resistivity measurements, uniaxial pressure applied along
ladder planes increase TC, while that perpendicular to ladder planes decrease
TC. Our findings i) offers a new hope for further increase in TC in spin ladder
compounds and ii) calls for a large shift in phase boundaries of the currently
accepted pressure-temperature phase diagram.


title:
Critical behavior of self-assembled rigid rods on two-dimensional
  lattices: Bethe-Peierls approximation and Monte Carlo simulations

abstract:
  The critical behavior of adsorbed monomers that reversibly polymerize into
linear chains with restricted orientations relative to the substrate has been
studied. In the model considered here, which is known as self-assembled rigid
rods (SAARs) model, the surface is represented by a twodimensional lattice and
a continuous orientational transition occurs as a function of temperature and
coverage. The phase diagrams were obtained for the square, triangular and
honeycomb lattices by means of Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling
analysis. The numerical results were compared with Bethe-Peierls analytical
predictions about the orientational transition for the square and triangular
lattices. The analysis of the phase diagrams, along with the behavior of the
critical average rod lengths, showed that the critical properties of the model
do not depend on the structure of the lattice at low temperatures (coverage),
revealing a one-dimensional behavior in this regime. Finally, the universality
class of the SAARs model, which has been subject of controversy, has been
revisited.


title: Phaseless inverse scattering problems in 3-d

abstract:
  Uniqueness theorems are proved for 3-d inverse scattering problems in the
frequency domain under the assumption that only the modulus of the complex
valued wave field is measured, while the phase is unknown.


title:
Resolving an Individual One-Proton Spin Flip to Determine a Proton Spin
  State

abstract:
  Previous measurements with a single trapped proton or antiproton detected
spin resonance from the increased scatter of frequency measurements caused by
many spin flips. Here a measured correlation confirms that individual spin
transitions and states are detected instead. The high fidelity suggests that it
may be possible to use quantum jump spectroscopy to measure the p and \pbar
magnetic moments much more precisely.


title:
Limits on spin-independent couplings of WIMP dark matter with a p-type
  point-contact germanium detector

abstract:
  We report new limits on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon interaction
cross-section using 39.5 kg-days of data taken with a p-type point-contact
germanium detector of 840 g fiducial mass at the Kuo-Sheng Reactor Neutrino
Laboratory. Crucial to this study is the understanding of the selection
procedures and, in particular, the bulk-surface events differentiation at the
sub-keV range. The signal-retaining and background-rejecting efficiencies were
measured with calibration gamma sources and a novel n-type point-contact
germanium detector. Part of the parameter space in cross-section versus
WIMP-mass implied by various experiments is probed and excluded.


title:
Injectivity w.r.t. Distribution of Elements in the Compressed Sequences
  Derived from Primitive Sequences over $Z/p^eZ$

abstract:
  Let $p\geq3$ be a prime and $e\geq2$ an integer. Let $\sigma(x)$ be a
primitive polynomial of degree $n$ over $Z/p^eZ$ and $G'(\sigma(x),p^e)$ the
set of primitive linear recurring sequences generated by $\sigma(x)$. A
compressing map $\varphi$ on $Z/p^eZ$ naturally induces a map $\hat{\varphi}$
on $G'(\sigma(x),p^e)$. For a subset $D$ of the image of
$\varphi$,$\hat{\varphi}$ is called to be injective w.r.t. $D$-uniformity if
the distribution of elements of $D$ in the compressed sequence implies all
information of the original primitive sequence. In this correspondence, for at
least $1-2(p-1)/(p^n-1)$ of primitive polynomials of degree $n$, a clear
criterion on $\varphi$ is obtained to decide whether $\hat{\varphi}$ is
injective w.r.t. $D$-uniformity, and the majority of maps on $Z/p^eZ$ induce
injective maps on $G'(\sigma(x),p^e)$. Furthermore, a sufficient condition on
$\varphi$ is given to ensure injectivity of $\hat{\varphi}$ w.r.t.
$D$-uniformity. It follows from the sufficient condition that if $\sigma(x)$ is
strongly primitive and the compressing map $\varphi(x)=f(x_{e-1})$, where
$f(x_{e-1})$ is a permutation polynomial over $\mathbb{F}_{p}$, then
$\hat{\varphi}$ is injective w.r.t. $D$-uniformity for $\emptyset\neq
D\subset\mathbb{F}_{p}$. Moreover, we give three specific families of
compressing maps which induce injective maps on $G'(\sigma(x),p^e)$.


title:
Weak Galerkin Finite Element Methods for the Biharmonic Equation on
  Polytopal Meshes

abstract:
  A new weak Galerkin (WG) finite element method is introduced and analyzed in
this paper for the biharmonic equation in its primary form. This method is
highly robust and flexible in the element construction by using discontinuous
piecewise polynomials on general finite element partitions consisting of
polygons or polyhedra of arbitrary shape. The resulting WG finite element
formulation is symmetric, positive definite, and parameter-free. Optimal order
error estimates in a discrete $H^2$ norm is established for the corresponding
WG finite element solutions. Error estimates in the usual $L^2$ norm are also
derived, yielding a sub-optimal order of convergence for the lowest order
element and an optimal order of convergence for all high order of elements.
Numerical results are presented to confirm the theory of convergence under
suitable regularity assumptions.


title:
Dwarf galaxy populations in present-day galaxy clusters - II. The
  history of early-type and late-type dwarfs

abstract:
  How did the dwarf galaxy population of present-day galaxy clusters form and
grow over time? We address this question by analysing the history of dark
matter subhaloes in the Millennium-II cosmological simulation. A semi-analytic
model serves as the link to observations. We argue that a reasonable analogue
to early morphological types or red-sequence dwarf galaxies are those subhaloes
that experienced strong mass loss, or alternatively those that have spent a
long time in massive haloes. This approach reproduces well the observed
morphology-distance relation of dwarf galaxies in the Virgo and Coma clusters,
and thus provides insight into their history. Over their lifetime, present-day
late types have experienced an amount of environmental influence similar to
what the progenitors of dwarf ellipticals had already experienced at redshifts
above two. Therefore, dwarf ellipticals are more likely to be a result of early
and continuous environmental influence in group- and cluster-size haloes,
rather than a recent transformation product. The observed morphological
sequences of late-type and early-type galaxies have developed in parallel, not
consecutively. Consequently, the characteristics of today's late-type galaxies
are not necessarily representative for the progenitors of today's dwarf
ellipticals. Studies aiming to reproduce the present-day dwarf population thus
need to start at early epochs, model the influence of various environments, and
also take into account the evolution of the environments themselves.


title:
Unusual suppression of superconductivity in YNi2B2C under neutron
  irradiation

abstract:
  The behavior of electrical resistivity rho(T), temperature of superconducting
transition Tc, and upper critical field Hc2(T) of polycrystalline YNi2B2C after
irradiation with thermal neutron and subsequent high-temperature isochronous
annealings in the temperature range Tann = 100 - 1000C has been studied.


title:
An Authentication Scheme for Subspace Codes over Network Based on Linear
  Codes

abstract:
  Network coding provides the advantage of maximizing the usage of network
resources, and has great application prospects in future network
communications. However, the properties of network coding also make the
pollution attack more serious. In this paper, we give an unconditional secure
authentication scheme for network coding based on a linear code $C$.
Safavi-Naini and Wang gave an authentication code for multi-receivers and
multiple messages. We notice that the scheme of Safavi-Naini and Wang is
essentially constructed with Reed-Solomon codes. And we modify their
construction slightly to make it serve for authenticating subspace codes over
linear network. Also, we generalize the construction with linear codes. The
generalization to linear codes has the similar advantages as generalizing
Shamir's secret sharing scheme to linear secret sharing sceme based on linear
codes. One advantage of this generalization is that for a fixed message space,
our scheme allows arbitrarily many receivers to check the integrity of their
own messages, while the scheme with Reed-Solomon codes has a constraint on the
number of verifying receivers. Another advantage is that we introduce access
structure in the generalized scheme. Massey characterized the access structure
of linear secret sharing scheme by minimal codewords in the dual code whose
first component is 1. We slightly modify the definition of minimal codewords.
Let $C$ be a $[V,k]$ linear code. For any coordinate $i\in \{1,2,\cdots,V\}$, a
codeword $\vec{c}$ in $C$ is called minimal respect to $i$ if the codeword
$\vec{c}$ has component 1 at the $i$-th coordinate and there is no other
codeword whose $i$-th component is 1 with support strictly contained in that of
$\vec{c}$. Then the security of receiver $R_i$ in our authentication scheme is
characterized by the minimal codewords respect to $i$ in the dual code
$C^\bot$.


title:
Exchange assisted tunneling and positron annihilation on inner atomic
  shells

abstract:
  It is known for a long time that the long range asymptotic behavior of the
Hartree-Fock orbitals is different from that of the orbitals in the local
potential. However, there is no consensus about observable physical effects
associated with this asymptotics. Here we argue that weaker decrease of the
Hartree-Fock orbitals at large distances is responsible for the positron
annihilation on the inner shell electrons, which is observed experimentally.


title:
Electron heat conduction in the solar wind: transition from
  Spitzer-H\"{a}rm to the collisionless limit

abstract:
  We use a statistically significant set of measurements to show that the
field-aligned electron heat flux $q_\parallel$ in the solar wind at 1 AU is
consistent with the Spitzer-H\"{a}rm collisional heat flux $q_{sh}$ for
temperature gradient scales larger than a few mean free paths $L_T \gtrsim 3.5
~\lambda_{fp}$. This represents about 65% of the measured data and corresponds
primarily to high $\beta$, weakly collisional plasma ('slow solar wind'). In
the more collisionless regime $\lambda_{fp}/L_T \gtrsim 0.28$, the electron
heat flux is limited to $q_\parallel/q_0 \sim 0.3$, independent of mean free
path, where $q_0$ is the 'free-streaming' value; the measured $q_\parallel$
does not achieve the full $q_0$. This constraint $q_\parallel/q_0 \sim 0.3$
might be attributed to wave-particle interactions, an interplanetary electric
potential, or inherent flux limitation. We also show a $\beta_e$ dependence to
these results that is consistent with a local radial electron temperature
profile $T_e \sim r^{-\alpha}$ that is a function of the thermal electron beta
$\alpha = \alpha(\beta_e)$ and that the $\beta$ dependence of the collisionless
regulation constraint is not obviously consistent with a whistler heat flux
instability. We discuss the results in a broader astrophysical context.


title: First-principles Approaches to Simulate Lithiation in Silicon Electrodes

abstract:
  Silicon is viewed as an excellent electrode material for lithium batteries
due to its high lithium storage capacity. Various Si nano-structures, such as
Si nanowires, have performed well as lithium battery anodes and have opened up
exciting opportunities for the use of Si in energy storage devices. The
mechanism of lithium insertion and the interaction between Li and the Si
electrode must be understood at the atomic level; this understanding can be
achieved by first-principles simulation. Here, first-principles computations of
lithiation in silicon electrodes are reviewed. The review focuses on three
aspects: the various properties of bulk Li-Si compounds with different Li
concentrations, the electronic structure of Si nanowires and Li insertion
behavior in Si nanowires, and the dynamic lithiation process at the Li/Si
interface. Potential study directions in this research field and difficulties
that the field still faces are discussed at the end.


title: GURLS: a Least Squares Library for Supervised Learning

abstract:
  We present GURLS, a least squares, modular, easy-to-extend software library
for efficient supervised learning. GURLS is targeted to machine learning
practitioners, as well as non-specialists. It offers a number state-of-the-art
training strategies for medium and large-scale learning, and routines for
efficient model selection. The library is particularly well suited for
multi-output problems (multi-category/multi-label). GURLS is currently
available in two independent implementations: Matlab and C++. It takes
advantage of the favorable properties of regularized least squares algorithm to
exploit advanced tools in linear algebra. Routines to handle computations with
very large matrices by means of memory-mapped storage and distributed task
execution are available. The package is distributed under the BSD licence and
is available for download at https://github.com/CBCL/GURLS.


title: Updated results for minimal dilaton model

abstract:
  Both the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the LHC have reported the observation
of the particle of mass around 125GeV which is consistent to the Standard Model
(SM) Higgs boson, but with an excess of events beyond the SM expectation in the
diphoton decay channel at each of them. There still remains room for a logical
possibility that we are not seeing the SM Higgs but something else. Here we
introduce the minimal dilaton model in which the LHC signals are explained by
an extra singlet scalar of the mass around 125GeV that slightly mixes with the
SM Higgs heavier than 600GeV. When this scalar has a vacuum expectation value
well beyond the electroweak scale, it can be identified as a linearly realized
version of a dilaton field. Though the current experimental constraints from
the Higgs search disfavors such a region, the singlet scalar model itself still
provides a viable alternative to the SM Higgs in interpreting its search
results.


title:
On the intersection of solvable Hall subgroups in finite simple
  exceptional groups of Lie type

abstract:
  Assume that a finite almost simple group with simple socle isomorphic to an
exceptional group of Lie type possesses a solvable Hall subgroup. Then there
exist four conjugates of the subgroup such that their intersection is trivial.


title:
Some apriori estimates of G-BSDEs and the G-martingale representation
  for a special case

abstract:
  This paper presents the integral(or differential) form of G-BSDEs, gives some
kind of apriori estimates of their solutions, and under a very strong
condition, proves the G-martingale representation theorem, and the existence
and uniqueness theorem of G-BSDEs.


title:
Diffuse Galactic Light in the Field of the Translucent High Galactic
  Latitude Cloud MBM32

abstract:
  We have conducted B, g, V, and R-band imaging in a 45x40 arcmin^2 field
containing part of the high Galactic latitude translucent cloud MBM32, and
correlated the intensity of diffuse optical light S_\nu(\lambda) with that of
100 micron emission S_\nu(100um). A chi^2 minimum analysis is applied to fit a
linear function to the measured correlation and derive the slope parameter
b(\lambda)= \Delta S_\nu(\lambda) / \Delta S_\nu(100um) of the best-fit linear
function. Compiling a sample by combining our b(\lambda) and published ones, we
show that the b(\lambda) strength varies from cloud to cloud by a factor of 4.
Finding that b(\lambda) decreases as S_\nu(100um) increases in the sample, we
suggest that a non-linear correlation including a quadratic term of
S_\nu(100um)^2 should be fitted to the measured correlation. The variation of
optical depth, which is A_V = 0.16 - 2.0 in the sample, can change b(\lambda)
by a factor of 2 - 3. There would be some contribution to the large b(\lambda)
variation from the forward-scattering characteristic of dust grains which is
coupled to the non-isotropic interstellar radiation field (ISRF). Models of the
scattering of diffuse Galactic light (DGL) underestimate the b(\lambda) values
by a factor of 2. This could be reconciled by deficiency in UV photons in the
ISRF or by a moderate increase in dust albedo. Our b(\lambda) spectrum favors a
contribution from extended red emission (ERE) to the diffuse optical light;
b(\lambda) rises from B to V faster than the models, seems to peak around 6000
\AA, and decreases towards long wavelengths. Such a characteristic is expected
from the models in which the DGL is combined with ERE.


title:
En komprimerad introduktion till slingkvantgravitation och spinnskum
  modeller

abstract:
  A short introductory review of loop quantum gravity and spinfoam models in
Swedish. A small knowledge of general relativity in connection variables is
assumed, but an emphasis has been put on giving a self-supporting presentation.
  --
  Inom denna reviewarikel ser vi \"over slingkvantgravitationens och spinnskum
modellernas struktur och uppbyggnad. Artikeln g\"or sitt b\"asta f\"or att
f\"oruts\"atta s{\aa} lite f\"orkunskaper som m\"ojligt, men en viss k\"annedom
om allm\"an relativitet i konnektionsvariabler kan vara bra att ha.


title:
Lateral Migration and Nonuniform Rotation of Biconcave Particle
  Suspended in Poiseuille Flow

abstract:
  A biconcave particle suspended in a Poiseuille flow is investigated by the
multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method with the Galilean-invariant
momentum exchange method. The lateral migration and equilibrium of the particle
are similar to the Segr\'e-Silberberg effect in our numerical simulations.
Surprisingly, two lateral equilibrium positions are observed corresponding to
the releasing positions of the biconcave particle. The upper equilibrium
positions significantly decrease with the growth of the Reynolds number,
whereas the lower ones are almost insensitive to the Reynolds number.
Interestingly, the regular wave accompanied by nonuniform rotation is exhibited
in the lateral movement of the biconcave particle. It can be attributed to that
the biconcave shape in various postures interacts with the parabolic velocity
distribution of the Poiseuille flow. A set of contours illustrate the dynamic
flow field when the biconcave particle has successive postures in a rotating
period.


title: Twisted conjugacy classes of the unit element

abstract:
  We study twisted conjugacy classes of the unit element in different groups.
Fel'shtyn and Troitsky showed that the twisted conjugacy class of the unit
element of an abelian group is a subgroup for every automorphism. The structure
is investigated of a group whose twisted conjugacy class of the unit element is
a subgroup for every automorphism (inner automorphism).


title:
CMB bounds on dark matter annihilation: Nucleon energy-losses after
  recombination

abstract:
  We consider the propagation and energy losses of protons and anti-protons
produced by dark matter annihilation at redshifts 100<z<~2000. In the case of
dark matter annihilations into quarks, gluons and weak gauge bosons, protons
and anti-protons carry about 20% of the energy injected into e^\pm and
\gamma's, but their interactions are normally neglected when deriving cosmic
microwave background bounds from altered recombination histories. Here, we
follow numerically the energy-loss history of typical protons/antiprotons in
the cosmological medium. We show that about half of their energy is channeled
into photons and e^\pm, and we present a simple prescription to estimate the
corresponding strengthening of the cosmic microwave background bounds on the
dark matter annihilation cross section.


title:
A New Approach of Deriving Bounds between Entropy and Error from Joint
  Distribution: Case Study for Binary Classifications

abstract:
  The existing upper and lower bounds between entropy and error are mostly
derived through an inequality means without linking to joint distributions. In
fact, from either theoretical or application viewpoint, there exists a need to
achieve a complete set of interpretations to the bounds in relation to joint
distributions. For this reason, in this work we propose a new approach of
deriving the bounds between entropy and error from a joint distribution. The
specific case study is given on binary classifications, which can justify the
need of the proposed approach. Two basic types of classification errors are
investigated, namely, the Bayesian and non-Bayesian errors. For both errors, we
derive the closed-form expressions of upper bound and lower bound in relation
to joint distributions. The solutions show that Fano's lower bound is an exact
bound for any type of errors in a relation diagram of "Error Probability vs.
Conditional Entropy". A new upper bound for the Bayesian error is derived with
respect to the minimum prior probability, which is generally tighter than
Kovalevskij's upper bound.


title:
Total Domishold Graphs: a Generalization of Threshold Graphs, with
  Connections to Threshold Hypergraphs

abstract:
  A total dominating set in a graph is a set of vertices such that every vertex
of the graph has a neighbor in the set. We introduce and study graphs that
admit non-negative real weights associated to their vertices such that a set of
vertices is a total dominating set if and only if the sum of the corresponding
weights exceeds a certain threshold. We show that these graphs, which we call
total domishold graphs, form a non-hereditary class of graphs properly
containing the classes of threshold graphs and the complements of domishold
graphs, and are closely related to threshold Boolean functions and threshold
hypergraphs. We present a polynomial time recognition algorithm of total
domishold graphs, and characterize graphs in which the above property holds in
a hereditary sense. Our characterization is obtained by studying a new family
of hypergraphs, defined similarly as the Sperner hypergraphs, which may be of
independent interest.


title:
A highly unequal-mass eclipsing M-dwarf binary in the WFCAM Transit
  Survey

abstract:
  In this paper we present the discovery of a highly unequal-mass eclipsing
M-dwarf binary, providing a unique constraint on binary star formation theory
and on evolutionary models for low-mass binary stars. The binary is discovered
using high- precision infrared light curves from the WFCAM Transit Survey (WTS)
and has an orbital period of 2.44 d. We find stellar masses of M1 = 0.53 (0.02)
Msun and M2 = 0.143 (0.006) Msun (mass ratio 0.27), and radii of R1 = 0.51
(0.01) Rsun and R2 = 0.174 (0.006) Rsun. This puts the companion in a very
sparsely sampled and important late M-dwarf mass-regime. Since both stars share
the same age and metallicity and straddle the theoretical boundary between
fully and partially convective stellar interiors, a comparison can be made to
model predictions over a large range of M-dwarf masses using the same model
isochrone. Both stars appear to have a slightly inflated radius compared to 1
Gyr model predictions for their masses, but future work is needed to properly
account for the effects of star spots on the light curve solution. A
significant, subsynchronous, ~2.56 d signal with ~2% peak-to-peak amplitude is
detected in the WFCAM light curve, which we attribute to rotational modulation
of cool star spots. We propose that the subsynchronous rotation is either due
to a stable star-spot complex at high latitude on the (magnetically active)
primary (i.e. differential rotation), or to additional magnetic braking, or to
interaction of the binary with a third body or circumbinary disk during its
pre-main-sequence phase.


title: Bistability and chaos at low-level of quanta

abstract:
  We study nonlinear phenomena of bistability and chaos at a level of few
quanta. For this purpose we consider a single-mode dissipative oscillator with
strong Kerr nonlinearity with respect to dissipation rate driven by a
monochromatic force as well as by a train of Gaussian pulses. The quantum
effects and decoherence in oscillatory mode are investigated on the framework
of the purity of states and the Wigner functions calculated from the master
equation. We demonstrate the quantum chaotic regime by means of a comparison
between the contour plots of the Wigner functions and the strange attractors on
the classical Poincar\'e section. Considering bistability at low-limit of
quanta, we analyze what is the minimal level of excitation numbers at which the
bistable regime of the system is displayed? We also discuss the formation of
oscillatory chaotic regime by varying oscillatory excitation numbers at ranges
of few quanta. We demonstrate quantum-interference phenomena that are assisted
hysteresis-cycle behavior and quantum chaos for the oscillator driven by the
train of Gaussian pulses as well as we establish the border of
classical-quantum correspondence for chaotic regimes in the case of strong
nonlinearities.


title: Collective dynamics of vortices in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates

abstract:
  We have calculated collective mode spectra for three-dimensional, rotating
Bose-Einstein condensates in oblate harmonic traps using the microscopic
Bogoliubov-deGennes field theory. For condensates with $N_v$ vortices, $N_v$
Kelvin-Tkachenko mode branches are obtained. The features of these modes are
compared with those predicted by a classical point vortex model. We have
created movies to visualize the motion of the vortices corresponding to the
Kelvin-Tkachenko waves.


title:
Non-Thermal Production of Wino Dark Matter via the Decay of Long-Lived
  Particles

abstract:
  We consider supersymmetric models in which the neutral Wino is the lightest
superparticle (LSP), and study the possibility that non-thermally produced Wino
plays the role of dark matter. The thermal relic density of Wino is smaller
than the present mass density of dark matter if wino mass is smaller than 2.9
TeV; however, even with smaller Wino mass, Wino can be the dominant component
of dark matter if it is non-thermally produced by the decay of an exotic
particle. In order to study such a possibility in detail, we perform a precise
calculation of the present mass density of Wino produced by the exotic-particle
decay, taking account of the following effects: (i) coannihilation among
charged and neutral Winos, and (ii) Sommerfeld effect on the pair annihilation
cross section of Winos. We consider several well-motivated cases where the
exotic particle corresponds to cosmological moduli fields, gravitino, or axino,
and discuss the implication of the Wino LSP for these cases.


title: Yukawa effects on the clock onboard a drag-free satellite

abstract:
  The Yukawa correction to the Newtonian gravitational force is accepted as a
parameterization of deviations from the inverse-square law of gravity which
might be caused by new physics beyond the standard model of particles and the
general theory of relativity. We investigate these effects on the clock onboard
a drag-free satellite: dynamics of the satellite and influence on the time
transfer link. We find the Yukawa signal in the time transfer is much harder to
detect with current state of clocks than those effects on the dynamics,
especially the secular change of periastron, by laser ranging in the case of an
artificial Earth satellite carrying a frequency standard with an orbit of
$a=10^7$\,m and $e=0.01$.


title:
Cauchy problem for effectively hyperbolic operators with triple
  characteristics of variable multiplicity

abstract:
  We study a class of third order hyperbolic operators $P$ in $G = \{(t, x):0
\leq t \leq T, x \in U \Subset {\mathbb R}^{n}\}$ with triple characteristics
at $\rho = (0, x_0, \xi), \xi \in {\mathbb R}^n \setminus \{0\}$. We consider
the case when the fundamental matrix of the principal symbol of $P$ at $\rho$
has a couple of non-vanishing real eigenvalues. Such operators are called {\it
effectively hyperbolic}. V. Ivrii introduced the conjecture that every
effectively hyperbolic operator is {\it strongly hyperbolic}, that is the
Cauchy problem for $P + Q$ is locally well posed for any lower order terms $Q$.
This conjecture has been solved for operators having at most double
characteristics and for operators with triple characteristics in the case when
the principal symbol admits a factorization. A strongly hyperbolic operator in
$G$ could have triple characteristics in $G$ only for $t = 0$ or for $t = T$.
We prove that the operators in our class are strongly hyperbolic if $T$ is
small enough. Our proof is based on energy estimates with a loss of regularity.


title: Mapping densities in a noisy state space

abstract:
  Weak noise smooths out fractals in a chaotic state space and introduces a
maximum attainable resolution to its structure. The balance of noise and
deterministic stretching/contraction in each neighborhood introduces local
invariants of the dynamics that can be used to partition the state space. We
study the local discrete-time evolution of a density in a two-dimensional
hyperbolic state space, and use the asymptotic eigenfunctions for the noisy
dynamics to formulate a new state space partition algorithm.


title:
Reanalysis of the Gravitational Microlensing Event MACHO-97-BLG-41 based
  on Combined Data

abstract:
  MACHO-97-BLG-41 is a gravitational microlensing event produced by a lens
composed of multiple masses detected by the first-generation lensing
experiment. For the event, there exist two different interpretations of the
lens from independent analyses based on two different data sets: one
interpreted the event as produced by a circumbinary planetary system while the
other explained the light curve with only a binary system by introducing
orbital motion of the lens. According to the former interpretation, the lens
would be not only the first planet detected via microlensing but also the first
circumbinary planet ever detected. To resolve the issue using state-of-the-art
analysis methods, we reanalyze the event based on the combined data used
separately by the previous analyses. By considering various higher-order
effects, we find that the orbiting binary-lens model provides a better fit than
the circumbinary planet model with \Delta\chi^2 ~166. The result signifies the
importance of even and dense coverage of lensing light curves in the
interpretation of events.


title: Compact travelling waves in viscoelastic solids

abstract:
  We introduce a model for nonlinear viscoelastic solids where traveling shear
waves with compact support are possible. We obtain an exact compact solution.
We also derive a new Burger's type evolution equation associated with the
introduced constitutive equation.


title: Dirac Kirchhoff diffraction theory

abstract:
  Kirchhoff's scalar diffraction theory is applied throughout photon and
electron optics. It is based on the stationary electromagnetic or Schr\"odinger
wave equation, and is useful in describing interference phenomena for both
light and matter waves. Here, Kirchhoff's diffraction theory is derived from
the relativistic Dirac equation, thus reformulated to work on Dirac spinors.
The parallels with the "classic" scalar theory are highlighted, and a basic
interpretation of the result obtained for the Fraunhofer diffraction limit is
given. The goal of this paper is to emphasize the similarity between the two
equations on the most fundamental level.


title: Topological representations

abstract:
  This paper studies the combinatorics of ideals which recently appeared in
ergodicity results for analytic equivalence relations. The ideals have the
following topological representation. There is a separable metrizable space
$X$, a $\sigma$-ideal $I$ on $X$ and a dense countable subset $D$ of $X$ such
that the ideal consists of those subsets of $D$ whose closure belongs to $I$.
It turns out that this definition is indepedent of the choice of $D$. We show
that an ideal is of this form if and only if it is dense and countably
separated. The latter is a variation of a notion introduced by Todor\vcevi\'c
for gaps. As a corollary, we get that this class is invariant under the
Rudin--Blass equivalence. This also implies that the space $X$ can be always
chosen to be compact so that $I$ is a $\sigma$-ideal of compact sets. We
compute the possible descriptive complexities of such ideals and conclude that
all analytic equivalence relations induced by such ideals are
$\mathbf{\Pi}^0_3$. We also prove that a coanalytic ideal is an intersection of
ideals of this form if and only if it is weakly selective.


title:
Microscopic evidence for strong periodic lattice distortion in 2D
  charge-density wave systems

abstract:
  In the quasi-2D electron systems of the layered transition metal
dichalcogenides (TMD) there is still a controversy about the nature of the
transitions to charge-density wave (CDW) phases, i.e. whether they are
described by a Peierls-type mechanism or by a lattice-driven model. By
performing scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments on the canonical
TMD-CDW systems, we have imaged the electronic modulation and the lattice
distortion separately in 2H-TaS$_2$, TaSe$_2$, and NbSe$_2$. Across the three
materials, we found dominant lattice contributions instead of the electronic
modulation expected from Peierls transitions, in contrast to the CDW states
that show the hallmark of contrast inversion between filled and empty states.
Our results imply that the periodic lattice distortion (PLD) plays a vital role
in the formation of CDW phases in the TMDs and illustrate the importance of
taking into account the more complicated lattice degree of freedom when
studying correlated electron systems.


title:
Green's function asymptotics and sharp point-wise interpolation
  inequalities

abstract:
  We propose a general method for finding sharp constants in the imbeddings of
the Hilbert Sobolev spaces of order m defined on a n-dimensional Riemann
manifold into the space of bounded continuous functions, where m>n/2. The
method is based on the analysis of the asymptotics with respect to the spectral
parameter of the Green's function of the elliptic operator of order 2m, the
domain of the square root of which defines the norm of the corresponding
Sobolev space. The cases of the n-dimensional torus and n-dimensional sphere
are treated in detail, as well as some manifolds with boundary. In certain
cases when the manifold is compact, multiplicative inequalities with remainder
terms of various types are obtained. Inequalities with correction term for
periodic functions imply an improvement for the well-known Carlson
inequalities.


title: A model independent determination of the B -> Xs gamma decay rate

abstract:
  The goal of the SIMBA collaboration is to provide a global fit to the
available measurements of inclusive B -> X_s gamma and B -> X_u l nu decays. By
performing a global fit one is able to simultaneously determine the relevant
normalizations, i.e. the total B -> X_s gamma rate and the CKM-matrix element
|Vub|, together with the required hadronic parameters, most importantly the
b-quark mass and the b-quark distribution function in the B-meson, called the
shape function. In this talk, the current status on the model-independent
determination of the shape function and |C7^\incl Vtb Vts*|, which parametrizes
the total B -> Xs gamma rate, from a global fit to the available B -> X_s gamma
measurements from Babar and Belle is presented. In particular, the theoretical
uncertainties originating from variations of the different factorization scales
are evaluated.


title:
Effects of nuclear symmetry energy on eta meson production and its rare
  decay to the dark U-boson in heavy-ion reactions

abstract:
  Using a relativistic transport model ART1.0, we explore effects of nuclear
symmetry energy on eta meson production and its rare decay to the dark U-boson
in heavy-ion reactions from 0.2 to 10 GeV/nucleon available at several current
and future facilities. The yield of eta mesons at sub-threshold energies is
found to be very sensitive to the density dependence of nuclear symmetry
energy. Above a beam energy of about 5 GeV/nucleon in Au+Au reactions, the
sensitivity to symmetry energy disappears. Using the branching ratio of the
rare eta decay (eta->gamma U) available in the literature, we estimate the
maximum cross section for the U-boson production in the energy range
considered, providing a useful reference for future U-boson search using
heavy-ion reactions.


title: Clustering effects induced by light nuclei

abstract:
  Since the pioneering discovery, half a century ago, of 12C+12C molecular
resonances, a great deal of research work has been undertaken in theSince the
pioneering discovery, half a century ago, of 12C+12C molecular resonances, a
great deal of research work has been undertaken in the alpha-clustering study.
Our knowledge in the physics of nuclear molecules has increased considerably
and nuclear clustering remains one of the most fruitful domains of nuclear
physics, facing some of the greatest challenges and opportunities in the years
ahead. In this work, the occurence of "exotic" shapes in light N=Z alpha-like
nuclei is investigated. Various approaches of superdeformed and hyperdeformed
bands associated with quasimolecular resonant structures are presented.
Clustering aspects are also discussed for light nuclei with neutron excess
through very recent results on neutron-rich Oxygen isotopes.


title: Constraining the Anisotropic Expansion of Universe

abstract:
  We study the possibly existing anisotropy in the accelerating expansion
universe with the Union2 Type Ia supernovae data and Gamma-ray burst data. We
construct a direction-dependent dark energy model and constrain the anisotropy
direction and strength of modulation. We find that the maximum anisotropic
deviation direction is $(l,\,b)=(126^{\circ},\,13^{\circ})$ (or equivalently
$(l,\,b)=(306^{\circ},\,-13^{\circ})$), and the current anisotropy level is
$g_0=0.030_{+0.010}^{-0.030}$ ($1\sigma$ confidence level with Union2 data).
Our results do not show strong evidence for the anisotropic dark energy model.
We also discuss potential methods that may distinguish the peculiar velocity
field from the anisotropic dark energy model.


title:
On the vertex-to-edge duality between the Cayley graph and the coset
  geometry of von Dyck groups

abstract:
  We prove that the Cayley graph and the coset geometry of the von Dyck group
$D(a,b,c)$ are linked by a vertex-to-edge duality.


title: G-complete reducibility in non-connected groups

abstract:
  In this paper we present an algorithm for determining whether a subgroup H of
a non-connected reductive group G is G-completely reducible. The algorithm
consists of a series of reductions; at each step, we perform operations
involving connected groups, such as checking whether a certain subgroup of G^0
is G^0 -cr. This essentially reduces the problem of determining G-complete
reducibility to the connected case.


title: GBM Volumetry using the 3D Slicer Medical Image Computing Platform

abstract:
  Volumetric change in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) over time is a critical
factor in treatment decisions. Typically, the tumor volume is computed on a
slice-by-slice basis using MRI scans obtained at regular intervals. (3D)Slicer
- a free platform for biomedical research - provides an alternative to this
manual slice-by-slice segmentation process, which is significantly faster and
requires less user interaction. In this study, 4 physicians segmented GBMs in
10 patients, once using the competitive region-growing based GrowCut
segmentation module of Slicer, and once purely by drawing boundaries completely
manually on a slice-by-slice basis. Furthermore, we provide a variability
analysis for three physicians for 12 GBMs. The time required for GrowCut
segmentation was on an average 61% of the time required for a pure manual
segmentation. A comparison of Slicer-based segmentation with manual
slice-by-slice segmentation resulted in a Dice Similarity Coefficient of 88.43
+/- 5.23% and a Hausdorff Distance of 2.32 +/- 5.23 mm.


title:
On the validity of the method of reduction of dimensionality: area of
  contact, average interfacial separation and contact stiffness

abstract:
  It has recently been suggested that many contact mechanics problems between
solids can be accurately studied by mapping the problem on an effective one
dimensional (1D) elastic foundation model. Using this 1D mapping we calculate
the contact area and the average interfacial separation between elastic solids
with nominally flat but randomly rough surfaces. We show, by comparison to
exact numerical results, that the 1D mapping method fails even qualitatively.
We also calculate the normal interfacial stiffness $K$ and compare it with the
result of an analytical study. We attribute the failure of the elastic
foundation model to the neglect of the long-range elastic coupling between the
asperity contact regions.


title: Efficient Separability of Regular Languages by Subsequences and Suffixes

abstract:
  When can two regular word languages K and L be separated by a simple
language? We investigate this question and consider separation by piecewise-
and suffix-testable languages and variants thereof. We give characterizations
of when two languages can be separated and present an overview of when these
problems can be decided in polynomial time if K and L are given by
nondeterministic automata.


title: On the roots of the equation $Z'(t)=0$

abstract:
  We have proved in this paper that the Lindel\" of hypothesis generates
essential contraction of distances between consecutive odd-order zeros of the
function $Z'(t)$. This paper is the translation of the paper \cite{11} into the
English except part 8 that we added in order to point out the I. M. Vinogradov'
scepticism on possibilities of the method of trigonometric sums.


title:
Existence and regularity of minimizers for some spectral functionals
  with perimeter constraint

abstract:
  In this paper we prove that the shape optimization problem
$$\min\left\{\lambda_k(\Omega):\ \Omega\subset\R^d,\ \Omega\ \hbox{open},\
P(\Omega)=1,\ |\Omega|<+\infty\right\},$$ has a solution for any $k\in\N$ and
dimension $d$. Moreover, every solution is a bounded connected open set with
boundary which is $C^{1,\alpha}$ outside a closed set of Hausdorff dimension
$d-8$. Our results are more general and apply to spectral functionals of the
form $f(\lambda_{k_1}(\Omega),\dots,\lambda_{k_p}(\Omega))$, for increasing
functions $f$ satisfying some suitable bi-Lipschitz type condition.


title: Enumerating Abelian Returns to Prefixes of Sturmian Words

abstract:
  We follow the works of Puzynina and Zamboni, and Rigo et al. on abelian
returns in Sturmian words. We determine the cardinality of the set
$\mathcal{APR}_u$ of abelian returns of all prefixes of a Sturmian word $u$ in
terms of the coefficients of the continued fraction of the slope, dependingly
on the intercept. We provide a simple algorithm for finding the set
$\mathcal{APR}_u$ and we determine it for the characteristic Sturmian words.


title:
A heuristic optimization method for mitigating the impact of a virus
  attack

abstract:
  Taking precautions before or during the start of a virus outbreak can heavily
reduce the number of infected. The question which individuals should be
immunized in order to mitigate the impact of the virus on the rest of
population has received quite some attention in the literature. The dynamics of
the of a virus spread through a population is often represented as information
spread over a complex network. The strategies commonly proposed to determine
which nodes are to be selected for immunization often involve only one
centrality measure at a time, while often the topology of the network seems to
suggest that a single metric is insufficient to capture the influence of a node
entirely.
  In this work we present a generic method based on a genetic algorithm (GA)
which does not rely explicitly on any centrality measures during its search but
only exploits this type of information to narrow the search space. The fitness
of an individual is defined as the estimated expected number of infections of a
virus following SIR dynamics. The proposed method is evaluated on two contact
networks: the Goodreau's Faux Mesa high school and the US air transportation
network. The GA method manages to outperform the most common strategies based
on a single metric for the air transportation network and its performance is
comparable with the best performing strategy for the high school network.


title: Nested Cantor sets

abstract:
  We give sufficient conditions for two Cantor sets of the line to be nested
for a positive set of translation parameters. This problem occurs in
diophantine approximations. It also occurs as a toy model of the parameter
selection for non-uniformly hyperbolic attractors of the plane. For natural
Cantors sets, we show that this condition is optimal.


title:
On the dependence of one-photon - two-electron differential cross
  sections on recoil momenta

abstract:
  We calculate the distributions in recoil momenta and their energy
distributions for the high energy non-relativistic double photoionization of
helium caused by the quasifree mechanism of the process. The distributions
obtain local maxima at small values of the recoil momenta. This is in agreement
with the earlier predictions and with recently obtained experimental data. We
obtained also the angular correlations, which reach the largest value in the
"back-to-back" configuration of the photoelectrons. Our analysis is valid in
all high energy nonrelativistic region. Particular equations are true for the
case when the wavelength of the photon exceeds strongly the size of the atom.
We present numerical results for the photon energies in the region of 1 keV,
employed in the recent experiments.


title:
The secondary eclipses of WASP-19b as seen by the ASTEP 400 telescope
  from Antarctica

abstract:
  The ASTEP (Antarctica Search for Transiting ExoPlanets) program was
originally aimed at probing the quality of the Dome C, Antarctica for the
discovery and characterization of exoplanets by photometry. In the first year
of operation of the 40 cm ASTEP 400 telescope (austral winter 2010), we
targeted the known transiting planet WASP-19b in order to try to detect its
secondary transits in the visible. This is made possible by the excellent
sub-millimagnitude precision of the binned data. The WASP-19 system was
observed during 24 nights in May 2010. The photometric variability level due to
starspots is about 1.8% (peak-to-peak), in line with the SuperWASP data from
2007 (1.4%) and larger than in 2008 (0.07%). We find a rotation period of
WASP-19 of 10.7 +/- 0.5 days, in agreement with the SuperWASP determination of
10.5 +/- 0.2 days. Theoretical models show that this can only be explained if
tidal dissipation in the star is weak, i.e. the tidal dissipation factor Q'star
> 3.10^7. Separately, we find evidence for a secondary eclipse of depth 390 +/-
190 ppm with a 2.0 sigma significance, a phase consistent with a circular orbit
and a 3% false positive probability. Given the wavelength range of the
observations (420 to 950 nm), the secondary transit depth translates into a day
side brightness temperature of 2690(-220/+150) K, in line with measurements in
the z' and K bands. The day side emission observed in the visible could be due
either to thermal emission of an extremely hot day side with very little
redistribution of heat to the night side, or to direct reflection of stellar
light with a maximum geometrical albedo Ag=0.27 +/- 0.13. We also report a
low-frequency oscillation well in phase at the planet orbital period, but with
a lower-limit amplitude that could not be attributed to the planet phase alone,
and possibly contaminated with residual lightcurve trends.


title: Block Thresholding on the Sphere

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to study the nonparametric regression estimators on
the sphere built by the needlet block thresholding. The block thresholding
procedure proposed here follows the method introduced by Hall, Kerkyacharian
and Picard in [Hall, Kerkyacharian, Picard, (1998), (1999)], modified to
exploit the properties of the spherical standard needlets. Therefore, we will
investigate on their convergence rates, attaining their adaptive properties
over the Besov balls. This work is strongly motivated by issues arising in
Cosmology and Astrophysics, concerning in particular the analysis of cosmic
rays.


title:
On Galerkin Approximations for the Zakai Equation with Diffusive and
  Point Process Observations

abstract:
  This paper studies Galerkin approximations applied to the Zakai equation of
stochastic filtering. The basic idea of this approach is to project the
infinite-dimensional Zakai equation onto some finite-dimensional subspace
generated by smooth basis functions; this leads to a finite-dimensional system
of stochastic differential equations that can be solved numerically. The
contribution of the paper is twofold. On the theoretical side, existing
convergence results are extended to filtering models with observations of
point-process or mixed type. On the applied side, various issues related to the
numerical implementation of the method are considered; in particular, we
propose to work with a subspace that is constructed from a basis of Hermite
polynomials. The paper closes with a numerical case study.


title: Universality of the triplet contact process with diffusion

abstract:
  The one-dimensional triplet contact process with diffusion (TCPD) model has
been studied using fast multispin GPU Monte Carlo simulations. In particular,
the particle density \rho and the density of pairs of neighboring particles
\rho_p have been monitored as a function of time. Mean field predictions for
the time evolution of these observables in the critical point are \rho\sim
t^{-\delta} and \rho_p\sim t^{-\delta_p} with \delta=1/3 and \delta_p=2/3. We
observe that in the vicinity of the critical point of the model, the ratio
\rho_p/\rho tends to a constant, which shows that the one-dimensional TCPD
model is not described by mean field behavior. Furthermore, our long
simulations allow us to conclude that the mean field prediction of the exponent
$\delta$ is almost certainly not correct either. Since the crossover to the
critical regime is extremely slow for the TCPD model, we are unable to pinpoint
a precise value for \delta, though we find as an upper bound \delta < 0.32.


title:
Quasi-periodic Variations in the Hard X-ray emission of a Large Arcade
  Flare

abstract:
  Quasi-periodic oscillations of the hard X-ray (HXR) emission of the large
flare of 2 November 1991 have been investigated using HXR light curves and soft
X-ray and HXR images recorded by the {\sl Yohkoh} X-ray telescopes. The results
of the analysis of these observations are the following: i) The observations
confirm that electrons are accelerated in oscillating magnetic traps which are
contained within the cusp magnetic structure. ii) The amplitude of the HXR
pulses increase due to the increase in the amplitude of the magnetic trap
oscillations and the increase in the density within the traps caused by the
chromospheric evaporation upflow. iii) The increase in the amplitude of the HXR
pulses terminates when further increase in the density inside the traps
inhibits the acceleration of electrons. iv) The model of oscillating magnetic
traps is able to explain time variation of the electron precipitation, strong
asymmetry in precipitation of accelerated electrons, and systematic differences
in the precipitation of 15 and 25 keV electrons. v) We have obtained a direct
observational evidence that strong HXR pulses are the result of the inflow of
dense plasma coming from the chromospheric evaporation, into the acceleration
volume.


title:
Model Prediction for the Transverse Single Target-Spin Asymmetry in
  inclusive DIS

abstract:
  The single-spin asymmetry of unpolarized leptons scattering
deep-inelastically off transversely polarized nucleons is discussed. This
observable is generated by a two-photon exchange between lepton and nucleon. In
a partonic description of the asymmetry the non-perturbative part is given in
terms of multiparton correlations: quark-gluon correlation functions and
quark-photon correlation functions. Recently, a model for quark-gluon
correlation functions was presented where these objects were expressed through
non-valence light cone wave functions. Using this model, estimates for the
single-spin asymmetries for a proton and a neutron are presented.