title:
Lessons learnt from ITER safety & licensing for DEMO and future nuclear
  fusion facilities

abstract:
  One of the strong motivations for pursuing the development of fusion energy
is its potentially low environmental impact and very good safety performance.
But this safety and environmental potential can only be fully realized by
careful design choices. For DEMO and other fusion facilities that will require
nuclear licensing, S&E objectives and criteria should be set at an early stage
and taken into account when choosing basic design options and throughout the
design process. Studies in recent decades of the safety of fusion power plant
concepts give a useful basis on which to build the S&E approach and to assess
the impact of design choices. The experience of licensing ITER is of particular
value, even though there are some important differences between ITER and DEMO.
The ITER project has developed a safety case, produced a preliminary safety
report and had it examined by the French nuclear safety authorities, leading to
the licence to construct the facility. The key technical issues that arose
during this process are recalled, particularly those that may also have an
impact on DEMO safety. These include issues related to postulated accident
scenarios, environmental releases during operation, occupational radiation
exposure, and radioactive waste.


title: What controls the large-scale magnetic fields of M dwarfs?

abstract:
  Observations of active M dwarfs show a broad variety of large-scale magnetic
fields encompassing dipole-dominated and multipolar geometries. We detail the
analogy between some anelastic dynamo simulations and spectropolarimetric
observations of 23 M stars. In numerical models, the relative contribution of
inertia and Coriolis force in the global force balance -estimated by the
so-called local Rossby number- is known to have a strong impact on the magnetic
field geometry. We discuss the relevance of this parameter in setting the
large-scale magnetic field of M dwarfs.


title:
P\"oschl-Teller Hamiltonian: Gazeau-Klauder type coherent states,
  related statistics and geometry

abstract:
  This work mainly addresses a construction of Gazeau-Klauder type coherent
states for a P\"oschl-Teller model. Relevant characteristics are investigated.
Induced geometry and statistics are studied. Then the Berezin - Klauder -
Toeplitz quantization of the classical phase space observables is presented.


title: Medium scale anisotropy in the TeV cosmic ray flux observed by ARGO-YBJ

abstract:
  Measuring the anisotropy of the arrival direction distribution of cosmic rays
provides important information on the propagation mechanisms and the
identification of their sources. In fact, the flux of cosmic rays is thought to
be dependent on the arrival direction only due to the presence of nearby cosmic
ray sources or particular magnetic-field structures. Recently, the observation
of unexpected excesses at TeV energy down to angular scale as narrow as
$\sim10\deg$ raised the possibility that the problem of the origin of galactic
cosmic rays may be addressed by studying the anisotropy.
  The ARGO-YBJ experiment is a full-coverage EAS array, sensitive to cosmic
rays with energy threshold of a few hundred GeV. Searching for small-size
deviations from the isotropy, the ARGO-YBJ collaboration explored the
declination region $\delta\sim-20^{\circ}\div 80^{\circ}$, making use of about
3.7$\cdot10^{11}$ events collected from November 2007 to May 2012.
  In this paper the detection of different significant (up to 13 standard
deviations) medium-scale anisotropy regions in the arrival directions of CRs is
reported. The observation was performed with unprecedented detail. The relative
excess intensity with respect to the isotropic flux extends up to 10$^{-3}$.
The maximum excess occurs for proton energies of 10-20 TeV, suggesting the
presence of unknown features of the magnetic fields the charged cosmic rays
propagate through, or some contribution of nearby sources never considered so
far.
  The observation of new weaker few-degree excesses throughout the sky region
$195^{\circ}\leq$ \ra $\leq 290^{\circ}$ is reported for the first time.


title:
Thermodynamics of O(3) Classical Heisenberg Model in Multipath
  Metropolis Simulation

abstract:
  We study the thermodynamics of classical Heisenberg model using the multipath
approach to Metropolis algorithm Monte Carlo simulation. This simulation
approach produces uncorrelated results with known precision. Also, it can be
easily generalized to other classical models of magnetism. Comparing results
obtained from multipath and from single--path simulations we demonstrate that
these approaches produce equivalent results.


title: Low temperature behavior of nonequilibrium multilevel systems

abstract:
  We give a low temperature formula for the stationary occupations in Markovian
systems away from detailed balance. Two applications are discussed, one to
determine the direction of the ratchet current and one on population inversion.
Both can take advantage of low temperature to improve the gain and typical
nonequilibrium features. The new formula brings to the foreground the
importance of kinetic aspects in terms of reactivities for deciding the levels
with highest occupation and thus gives a detailed quantitative meaning to
Landauer's blowtorch theorem at low temperature.


title: Acronym recognition and processing in 22 languages

abstract:
  We are presenting work on recognising acronyms of the form Long-Form
(Short-Form) such as "International Monetary Fund (IMF)" in millions of news
articles in twenty-two languages, as part of our more general effort to
recognise entities and their variants in news text and to use them for the
automatic analysis of the news, including the linking of related news across
languages. We show how the acronym recognition patterns, initially developed
for medical terms, needed to be adapted to the more general news domain and we
present evaluation results. We describe our effort to automatically merge the
numerous long-form variants referring to the same short-form, while keeping
non-related long-forms separate. Finally, we provide extensive statistics on
the frequency and the distribution of short-form/long-form pairs across
languages.


title: Notes on a p-adic exponential map for the Picard group

abstract:
  Part of these notes was written as the author's 2013 master thesis. For
proper flat schemes over a complete discrete valuation ring of mixed
characteristic, we construct an isomorphism of certain subgroups of the Picard
group and the first cohomology group of the structure sheaf. When the Picard
scheme is available and smooth, it recovers the isomorphism coming from its
formal completion. A reinterpretation of an old theorem of Mattuck is given.


title: A non-iterative polynomial algorithm for linear programming

abstract:
  Consider a linear programming problem with n primal and m dual variables
paired with n dual and m primal slack variables respectively, and aggregately
denote these variables and slack variables as a vector z of length 2(n+m).
Unlike existing algorithms such as simplex and interior point methods solving
linear programming by iteratively generating a sequence of feasible points to
approach the optimal solution, the paper defines a function f mapping the
constraint matrix and the right-hand side and objective vectors defining the
linear programming problem to a binary vector of length n+m. It is shown that,
under the uniqueness assumption of the optimal solution z* and for each (primal
or dual) variable z_i, f_i is zero if and only if the optimal value z*_i is
zero, and f_i is one if and only if z*_i is positive. Computation of f_i for
each i consists of solving two groups of linear equations using O(m^2n)
operations. Computing f_i is then non-iterative and independent of computing
f_j for j <> i. Hence, at most O(m^2n^2) operations are required to compute f
and consequently to solve the linear programming problem. The non-iterative and
mutually independent features of computing the elements of f enable a parallel
polynomial algorithm for linear programming.


title: Molecular line and continuum study of the W40 cloud

abstract:
  The dense cloud associated with W40, one of the nearby H II regions, has been
studied in millimeter-wave molecular lines and in 1.2 mm continuum. Besides,
1280 MHz and 610 MHz interferometric observations have been done. The cloud has
complex morphological and kinematical structure, including a clumpy dust ring
and an extended dense core. The ring is probably formed by the "collect and
collapse" process due to the expansion of neighboring H II region. Nine dust
clumps in the ring have been deconvolved. Their sizes, masses and peak hydrogen
column densities are: $\sim 0.02-0.11$ pc, $\sim 0.4-8.1 M_{\odot}$ and $\sim
(2.5-11)\times 10^{22}$ cm$^{-2}$, respectively. Molecular lines are observed
at two different velocities and have different spatial distributions implying
strong chemical differentiation over the region. The CS abundance is enhanced
towards the eastern dust clump 2, while the NH$_3$, N$_2$H$^+$, and
H$^{13}$CO$^+$ abundances are enhanced towards the western clumps. HCN and
HCO$^+$ do not correlate with the dust probably tracing the surrounding gas.
Number densities derived towards selected positions are: $\sim (0.3-3.2)\times
10^6$ cm$^{-3}$. Two western clumps have kinetic temperatures 21 K and 16 K and
are close to virial equilibrium. The eastern clumps 2 and 3 are more massive,
have higher extent of turbulence and are probably more evolved than the western
ones. They show asymmetric CS(2--1) line profiles due to infalling motions
which is confirmed by model calculations. An interaction between ionized and
neutral material is taking place in the vicinity of the eastern branch of the
ring and probably trigger star formation.


title: From the No-Signaling Theorem to Veiled Nonlocality

abstract:
  According to the no-signaling theorem, the nonlocal collapse of the
wavefunction of an entangled particle by the measurement on its twin particle
at a remote location cannot be used to send useful information. Given that
experiments on nonlocal correlations continue to have loopholes, we propose a
stronger principle that the nonlocality of quantum mechanics itself is veiled.
In practical terms, decoherence and noise compels us to view the wavefunction
as representing knowledge of potential outcomes rather than the reality.
Experimental evidence in favor of naked nonlocality would support the view of
the wavefunction as an objective description of physical reality.


title:
The combinatorics of automorphisms and opposition in generalised
  polygons

abstract:
  We investigate the combinatorial interplay between automorphisms and
opposition in (primarily finite) generalised polygons. We provide restrictions
on the fixed element structures of automorphisms of a generalised polygon
mapping no chamber to an opposite chamber. Furthermore, we give a complete
classification of automorphisms of finite generalised polygons which map at
least one point and at least one line to an opposite, but map no chamber to an
opposite chamber. Finally, we show that no automorphism of a finite thick
generalised polygon maps all chambers to opposite chambers, except possibly in
the case of generalised quadrangles with coprime parameters.


title:
Remote creation of hybrid entanglement between particle-like and
  wave-like optical qubits

abstract:
  The wave-particle duality of light has led to two different encodings for
optical quantum information processing. Several approaches have emerged based
either on particle-like discrete-variable states, e.g. finite-dimensional
quantum systems, or on wave-like continuous-variable states, e.g.
infinite-dimensional systems. Here, we demonstrate the first
measurement-induced generation of entanglement between optical qubits of these
different types, located at distant places and connected by a lossy channel.
Such hybrid entanglement, which is a key resource for a variety of recently
proposed schemes, including quantum cryptography and computing, enables to
convert information from one Hilbert space to the other via teleportation and
therefore connect remote quantum processors based upon different encodings.
Beyond its fundamental significance for the exploration of entanglement and its
possible instantiations, our optical circuit opens the promises for
heterogeneous network implementations, where discrete and continuous-variable
operations and techniques can be efficiently combined.


title: Entangling quantum and classical states of light

abstract:
  Entanglement between quantum and classical objects is of special interest in
the context of fundamental studies of quantum mechanics and potential
applications to quantum information processing. In quantum optics, single
photons are treated as light quanta while coherent states are considered the
most classical among all pure states. Recently, entanglement between a single
photon and a coherent state in a free-traveling field was identified to be a
useful resource for optical quantum information processing. However, it was
pointed out to be extremely difficult to generate such states since it requires
a clean cross-Kerr nonlinear interaction. Here, we devise and experimentally
demonstrate a scheme to generate such hybrid entanglement by implementing a
coherent superposition of two distinct quantum operations. The generated states
clearly show entanglement between the two different types of states. Our work
opens a way to generate hybrid entanglement of a larger size and to develop
efficient quantum information processing using such a new type of qubits.


title:
Properties of spatial arrangement of V-type defects in irradiated
  materials: 3D-modelling

abstract:
  We consider the dynamics of pattern formation in a system of point defects
under sustained irradiation within the framework of the rate theory. In our
study we generalize the standard approach taking into account a production of
defects by elastic fields and a stochastic production representing internal
multiplicative noise. Using 3D-modelling we have shown that with the damage
rate growth, a morphology of clusters composed of vacancies changes. The same
effect is observed with variation in the multiplicative noise intensity.
Stationary patterns are studied by means of correlation analysis.


title: Almost Commutative Probability Theory

abstract:
  We solve two longstanding major problems in Free Probability. This is
achieved by generalising the theory to one with values in arbitrary commutative
algebras. We prove the existence of the multi-variable $S$-transform, and show
that it is naturally realised as a faithful linear representation. Further, we
prove that in dimension one, the analog of the classical relation between
addition and multiplication of independent random variables holds for free
random variables, if the co-domain is an algebra over the rationals. In this
case the multiplicative problem can be reduced to the additive one, which is
not true in dimensions greater than one. Finally, we classify the groups which
arise as joint distributions of $n$-tuples of non-commutative random variables,
endowed with the free convolution product, which is the binary operation that
encodes the multiplication of free $n$-tuples.


title:
Scan-based Compressed Terahertz Imaging and Real-Time Reconstruction via
  the Complex-valued Fast Block Sparse Bayesian Learning Algorithm

abstract:
  Compressed Sensing based Terahertz imaging (CS-THz) is a computational
imaging technique. It uses only one THz receiver to accumulate the random
modulated image measurements where the original THz image is reconstruct from
these measurements using compressed sensing solvers. The advantage of the
CS-THz is its reduced acquisition time compared with the raster scan mode.
However, when it applied to large-scale two-dimensional (2D) imaging, the
increased dimension resulted in both high computational complexity and
excessive memory usage. In this paper, we introduced a novel CS-based THz
imaging system that progressively compressed the THz image column by column.
Therefore, the CS-THz system could be simplified with a much smaller sized
modulator and reduced dimension. In order to utilize the block structure and
the correlation of adjacent columns of the THz image, a complex-valued block
sparse Bayesian learning algorithm was proposed. We conducted systematic
evaluation of state-of-the-art CS algorithms under the scan based CS-THz
architecture. The compression ratios and the choices of the sensing matrices
were analyzed in detail using both synthetic and real-life THz images.
Simulation results showed that both the scan based architecture and the
proposed recovery algorithm were superior and efficient for large scale CS-THz
applications.


title:
Spines, skeletons and the Strong Law of Large Numbers for
  superdiffusions

abstract:
  Consider a supercritical superdiffusion (X_t) on a domain D subset R^d with
branching mechanism
  -\beta(x) z+\alpha(x) z^2 + int_{(0,infty)} (e^{-yz}-1+yz) Pi(x,dy).
  The skeleton decomposition provides a pathwise description of the process in
terms of immigration along a branching particle diffusion. We use this
decomposition to derive the Strong Law of Large Numbers (SLLN) for a wide class
of superdiffusions from the corresponding result for branching particle
diffusions. That is, we show that for suitable test functions f and starting
measures mu,
  < f,X_t>/P_{mu}[< f,X_t>] -> W_{infty}, P_{mu}-almost surely as t->infty,
where W_{infty} is a finite, non-deterministic random variable characterised as
a martingale limit. Our method is based on skeleton and spine techniques and
offers structural insights into the driving force behind the SLLN for
superdiffusions. The result covers many of the key examples of interest and, in
particular, proves a conjecture by Fleischmann and Swart for the
super-Wright-Fisher diffusion.


title: Beta-plane turbulence: experiments with altimetry

abstract:
  Results from a new series of experiments on barotropic and baroclinic
turbulent flows generated in a rotating tank with topographic beta-effect are
presented. The velocity fields are measured by the Altimetric Imaging
Velocimetry. The turbulent flows observed in the experiments develop zonal jets
which are latent in a stationary forced-dissipative regime of the flow but
become prominent in the decaying flow. The two-dimensional energy spectra of
the flows exhibit the development of anisotropy towards zonal motions. The
experiments demonstrate dual turbulent cascade with energy and enstrophy
ranges. The frequency-wavenumber spectra reveal the presence of Rossby waves at
low wavenumbers which are excited by the turbulent motions. The experimental
results are compared with available theory of beta-plane turbulence.


title:
Topological Effect of Surface Plasmon Excitation in Gapped Isotropic
  Topological Insulator Nanowires

abstract:
  We present a theoretical investigation of the surface plasmon (SP) at the
interface between topologically non-trivial cylindrical core and
topological-trivial surrounding material, from the axion electrodynamics and
modified constitutive relations. We find that the topological effect always
leads to a red-shift of SP energy, while the energy red-shift decreases
monotonically as core diameter decreases. A qualitative picture based on
classical perturbation theory is given to explain these phenomena, from which
we also infer that in order to enhance the shift, the difference between the
inverse of dielectric constants of two materials shall be increased. We also
find that the surrounding magnetic environment suppresses the topological
effect. All these features can be well described by a simple ansatz surface
wave, which is in good agreement with full electromagnetic eigenmodes. In
addition, bulk plasmon energy at \omega_{P}=17.5\pm0.2eV for semiconducting
Bi2Se3 nanoparticle is observed from high-resolution Electron Energy Loss
Spectrum Image measurements.


title:
Global gradient estimates in weighted Lebesgue spaces for parabolic
  operators

abstract:
  We deal with the regularity problem for linear, second order parabolic
equations and systems in divergence form with measurable data over non-smooth
domains, related to variational problems arising in the modeling of composite
materials and in the mechanics of membranes and films of simple non-homogeneous
materials which form a linear laminated medium. Assuming partial BMO smallness
of the coefficients and Reifenberg flatness of the boundary of the underlying
domain, we develop a Calder\'{o}n--Zygmund type theory for such parabolic
operators in the settings of the weighted Lebesgue spaces. As consequence of
the main result, we get regularity in parabolic Morrey scales for the spatial
gradient of the weak solutions to the problems considered.


title:
On the Dispersions of the Gel'fand-Pinsker Channel and Dirty Paper
  Coding

abstract:
  This paper studies second-order coding rates for memoryless channels with a
state sequence known non-causally at the encoder. In the case of finite
alphabets, an achievability result is obtained using constant-composition
random coding, and by using a small fraction of the block to transmit the type
of the state sequence. For error probabilities less than 1/2, it is shown that
the second-order rate improves on an existing one based on i.i.d. random
coding. In the Gaussian case (dirty paper coding) with an almost-sure power
constraint, an achievability result is obtained used using random coding over
the surface of a sphere, and using a small fraction of the block to transmit a
quantized description of the state power. It is shown that the second-order
asymptotics are identical to the single-user Gaussian channel of the same input
power without a state.


title:
Double Parton Scatterings in High-Energy Proton-Nucleus Collisions and
  Partonic Correlations

abstract:
  The joint study of Double Parton Scatterings, in high energy proton-proton
and proton-nucleus collisions, can provide a lot of information on multi-parton
correlations. The multi-parton structure is in fact probed in a different way
by DPS, in $p$-$p$ and in $p$-$A$ collisions. In $p$-$A$ collisions the
interpretation of the experimental results may be however complicated by the
presence of interference terms, which are missing in $p$-$p$. A suitable
reaction channel, where interference terms are absent, is $WJJ$ production. By
studying $WJJ$ production in $p$-$Pb$ collisions, we estimate that the fraction
of events due to DPS may be larger by a factor 3 or 4, as compared to $p$-$p$,
while the amount of the increased fraction can give a direct indication on the
importance of different correlation terms.


title: Sentiment Analysis in the News

abstract:
  Recent years have brought a significant growth in the volume of research in
sentiment analysis, mostly on highly subjective text types (movie or product
reviews). The main difference these texts have with news articles is that their
target is clearly defined and unique across the text. Following different
annotation efforts and the analysis of the issues encountered, we realised that
news opinion mining is different from that of other text types. We identified
three subtasks that need to be addressed: definition of the target; separation
of the good and bad news content from the good and bad sentiment expressed on
the target; and analysis of clearly marked opinion that is expressed
explicitly, not needing interpretation or the use of world knowledge.
Furthermore, we distinguish three different possible views on newspaper
articles - author, reader and text, which have to be addressed differently at
the time of analysing sentiment. Given these definitions, we present work on
mining opinions about entities in English language news, in which (a) we test
the relative suitability of various sentiment dictionaries and (b) we attempt
to separate positive or negative opinion from good or bad news. In the
experiments described here, we tested whether or not subject domain-defining
vocabulary should be ignored. Results showed that this idea is more appropriate
in the context of news opinion mining and that the approaches taking this into
consideration produce a better performance.


title: Numerical range for random matrices

abstract:
  We analyze the numerical range of high-dimensional random matrices, obtaining
limit results and corresponding quantitative estimates in the non-limit case.
For a large class of random matrices their numerical range is shown to converge
to a disc. In particular, numerical range of complex Ginibre matrix almost
surely converges to the disk of radius $\sqrt{2}$. Since the spectrum of
non-hermitian random matrices from the Ginibre ensemble lives asymptotically in
a neighborhood of the unit disk, it follows that the outer belt of width
$\sqrt{2}-1$ containing no eigenvalues can be seen as a quantification the
non-normality of the complex Ginibre random matrix. We also show that the
numerical range of upper triangular Gaussian matrices converges to the same
disk of radius $\sqrt{2}$, while all eigenvalues are equal to zero and we prove
that the operator norm of such matrices converges to $\sqrt{2e}$.


title:
A Friendship Privacy Attack on Friends and 2-Distant Neighbors in Social
  Networks

abstract:
  In an undirected social graph, a friendship link involves two users and the
friendship is visible in both the users' friend lists. Such a dual visibility
of the friendship may raise privacy threats. This is because both users can
separately control the visibility of a friendship link to other users and their
privacy policies for the link may not be consistent. Even if one of them
conceals the link from a third user, the third user may find such a friendship
link from another user's friend list. In addition, as most users allow their
friends to see their friend lists in most social network systems, an adversary
can exploit the inconsistent policies to launch privacy attacks to identify and
infer many of a targeted user's friends. In this paper, we propose, analyze and
evaluate such an attack which is called Friendship Identification and Inference
(FII) attack. In a FII attack scenario, we assume that an adversary can only
see his friend list and the friend lists of his friends who do not hide the
friend lists from him. Then, a FII attack contains two attack steps: 1) friend
identification and 2) friend inference. In the friend identification step, the
adversary tries to identify a target's friends based on his friend list and
those of his friends. In the friend inference step, the adversary attempts to
infer the target's friends by using the proposed random walk with restart
approach. We present experimental results using three real social network
datasets and show that FII attacks are generally efficient and effective when
adversaries and targets are friends or 2-distant neighbors. We also
comprehensively analyze the attack results in order to find what values of
parameters and network features could promote FII attacks. Currently, most
popular social network systems with an undirected friendship graph, such as
Facebook, LinkedIn and Foursquare, are susceptible to FII attacks.


title: Finite temperature dynamics of vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates

abstract:
  We study the dynamics of a single and a pair of vortices in quasi
two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates at finite temperatures. We use the
stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation, which is the Langevin equation for the
Bose-Einstein condensate, to this end. For a pair of vortices, we study the
dynamics of both the vortex-vortex and vortex-antivortex pairs, which are
generated by rotating the trap and moving the Gaussian obstacle potential,
respectively. Due to thermal fluctuations, the constituent vortices are not
symmetrically generated with respect to each other at finite temperatures. This
initial asymmetry coupled with the presence of random thermal fluctuations in
the system can lead to different decay rates for the component vortices of the
pair, especially in the case of two corotating vortices.


title:
The molecular envelope of CRL 618: A new model based on Herschel/HIFI
  observations

abstract:
  We study the physical properties and molecular excitation of the different
warm gas components found in the protoplanetary nebula CRL 618. We revise our
previous Herschel/HIFI observations, which consist of several 12CO and 13CO
lines in the far-infrared/sub-mm band. These data have been re-analyzed in
detail by improving calibration, the signal-to-noise-ratio, and baseline
substraction. We identify the contributions of the different nebular components
to the line profiles. We have used a spatio-kinematical model to better
constrain the temperature, density, and kinematics of the molecular components
probed by the improved CO observations. The 12CO and 13CO J=16-15, J=10-9, and
J=6-5 transitions are detected in this source. The line profiles present a
composite structure showing spectacular wings in some cases, which become
dominant as the energy level increases. Our analysis of the high-energy CO
emission with the already known low-energy J=2-1 and J=1-0 lines confirms that
the high-velocity component, or fast bipolar outflow, is hotter than previously
estimated with a typical temperature of ~300 K. This component may then be an
example of a very recent acceleration of the gas by shocks that has not yet
cooled down. We also find that the dense central core is characterized by a
very low expansion velocity, ~5 km/s, and a strong velocity gradient. We
conclude that this component is very likely to be the unaltered circumstellar
layers that are lost in the last AGB phase, where the ejection velocity is
particularly low. The physical properties of the other two nebular components,
the diffuse halo and the double empty shell, more or less agrees with the
estimations derived in previous models.


title:
Effect of polymer concentration and length of hydrophobic end block on
  the unimer-micelle transition broadness in amphiphilic ABA symmetric triblock
  copolymer solutions

abstract:
  The effects of the length of each hydrophobic end block N_{st} and polymer
concentration \bar{\phi}_{P} on the transition broadness in amphiphilic ABA
symmetric triblock copolymer solutions are studied using the self-consistent
field lattice model. When the system is cooled, micelles are observed, i.e.,the
homogenous solution (unimer)-micelle transition occurs. When N_{st} is
increased, at fixed \bar{\phi}_{P}, micelles occur at higher temperature, and
the temperature-dependent range of micellar aggregation and half-width of
specific heat peak for unimer-micelle transition increase monotonously.
Compared with associative polymers, it is found that the magnitude of the
transition broadness is determined by the ratio of hydrophobic to hydrophilic
blocks, instead of chain length. When \bar{\phi}_{P} is decreased, given a
large N_{st}, the temperature-dependent range of micellar aggregation and
half-width of specific heat peak initially decease, and then remain nearly
constant. It is shown that the transition broadness is concerned with the
changes of the relative magnitudes of the eductions of nonstickers and solvents
from micellar cores.


title:
Fast Inference of Admixture Coefficients Using Sparse Non-negative
  Matrix Factorization Algorithms

abstract:
  Inference of individual admixture coefficients, which is important for
population genetic and association studies, is commonly performed using
compute-intensive likelihood algorithms. With the availability of large
population genomic data sets, fast versions of likelihood algorithms have
attracted considerable attention. Reducing the computational burden of
estimation algorithms remains, however, a major challenge. Here, we present a
fast and efficient method for estimating individual admixture coefficients
based on sparse non-negative matrix factorization algorithms. We implemented
our method in the computer program sNMF, and applied it to human and plant
genomic data sets. The performances of sNMF were then compared to the
likelihood algorithm implemented in the computer program ADMIXTURE. Without
loss of accuracy, sNMF computed estimates of admixture coefficients within
run-times approximately 10 to 30 times faster than those of ADMIXTURE.


title: The $n$-fold reduced bar construction

abstract:
  This paper is about a correspondence between monoidal structures in
categories and $n$-fold loop spaces. We develop a new syntactical technique
whose role is to substitute the coherence results, which were the main
ingredients in the proofs that the Segal-Thomason bar construction provides an
appropriate simplicial space. The results we present here enable more common
categories to enter this delooping machine. For example, such is the category
of finite sets with two monoidal structures brought by the disjoint union and
Cartesian product.


title: Phase transformation B1 to B2 in TiC, TiN, ZrC and ZrN under pressure

abstract:
  Phase stability of various phases of MX (M = Ti, Zr; X = C, N) at equilibrium
and under pressure is examined based on first-principles calculations of the
electronic and phonon structures. The results reveal that all B1 (NaCl-type) MX
structures undergo a phase transition to the B2-structures under high pressure
in agreement with the previous total-energy calculations. The B1-MX structures
are dynamically stable under very high pressure (210-570 GPa). The
pressure-induced B2 (CsCl-type) MC phases are dynamically unstable even at high
pressures, and TiN and ZrN are found to crystallize with the B2-structure only
at pressures above 55 GPa. The first-order B1-to-B2 phase transition in these
nitrides is not related to the softening of phonon modes, and the dynamical
instability of B2-MX is associated with a high density of states at the Fermi
level.


title: Sharp L^1 Poincare inequalities correspond to optimal hypersurface cuts

abstract:
  Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be a convex. If $u: \Omega \rightarrow
\mathbb{R}$ has mean 0, then we have the classical Poincar\'{e} inequality $$
\|u \|_{L^p} \leq c_p \mbox{diam}(\Omega) \| \nabla u \|_{L^p}$$ with sharp
constants $c_2 = 1/\pi$ (Payne \& Weinberger, 1960) and $c_1 = 1/2$ (Acosta \&
Duran, 2005) independent of the dimension. The sharp constants $c_p$ for $1 < p
< 2$ have recently been found by Ferone, Nitsch \& Trombetti (2012). The
purpose of this short paper is to prove a much stronger inequality in the
endpoint $L^1$: we combine results of Cianchi and Kannan, Lov\'{a}sz \&
Simonovits to show that $$\left\|u\right\|_{L^{1}(\Omega)} \leq
\frac{2}{\log{2}} M_{}(\Omega) \left\|\nabla u\right\|_{L^{1}(\Omega)}$$ where
$M_{}(\Omega)$ is the average distance between a point in $\Omega$ and the
center of gravity of $\Omega$. If $\Omega$ is a simplex, this yields an
improvement by a factor of $\sim \sqrt{n}$ in $n$ dimensions. By interpolation,
this implies that that for every convex $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ and every
$u:\Omega \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ with mean 0 $$
\left\|u\right\|_{L^{p}(\Omega)}\leq \left(\frac{2}{\log{2}} M_{}(\Omega)
\right)^{\frac{1}{p}}\mbox{diam}(\Omega)^{1-\frac{1}{p}}\left\|\nabla
u\right\|_{L^{p}(\Omega)}. $$


title: The Resistance Of Randomly Grown Trees

abstract:
  An electrical network with the structure of a random tree is considered:
starting from a root vertex, in one iteration each leaf (a vertex with zero or
one adjacent edges) of the tree is extended by either a single edge with
probability $p$ or two edges with probability $1-p$. With each edge having a
resistance equal to 1, the total resistance $R_{n}$ between the root vertex and
a busbar connecting all the vertices at the $n^{th}$ level is considered.
Representing $R_{n}$ as a dynamical system it is shown that $\langle R_{n}
\rangle$ approaches $(1+p)/(1-p)$ as $n\rightarrow\infty$, the distribution of
$R_{n}$ at large $n$ is also examined. Additionally, expressing $R_{n}$ as a
random sequence, its mean is shown to be related to the Legendre polynomials
and that it converges to the mean with $|\langle R_{n}\rangle-(1+p)/(1-p)|\sim
n^{-1/2}$.


title:
Oscillation criteria for differential equations with several retarded
  arguments

abstract:
  Consider the first-order linear differential equation with several retarded
arguments $$
x^{\prime}(t)+\sum\limits_{i=1}^{m}p_{i}(t)x(\tau_{i}(t))=0,\;\;\;t\geq t_{0},
$$ where the functions $p_{i},\tau_{i}\in C([t_{0,}\infty),\mathbb{R}^{+}),$
for every $i=1,2,\ldots,m,$ $\tau_{i}(t)\leq t$ \ for $t\geq t_{0}$ and $%
\lim_{t\rightarrow \infty}\tau_{i}(t)=\infty $. The state of the art on the
oscillation of all solutions to these equations are established especially in
the case of non-monotone arguments. Examples illustrating the results are
given.


title: A stochastic view of isotropic turbulence decay

abstract:
  A stochastic EDQNM approach is used to investigate self-similar decaying
isotropic turbulence at high Reynolds number ($400 \leq Re_\lambda \leq 10^4$).
The realistic energy spectrum functional form recently proposed by Meyers &
Meneveau is generalised by considering some of the model constants as random
parameters, since they escape measure in most experimental set-ups. The induced
uncertainty on the solution is investigated building response surfaces for
decay power-law exponents of usual physical quantities. Large-scale
uncertainties are considered, the emphasis being put on Saffman and Batchelor
turbulence. The sensitivity of the solution to initial spectrum uncertainties
is quantified through probability density functions of the decay exponents. It
is observed that initial spectrum shape at very large scales governs the
long-time evolution, even at high Reynolds number, a parameter which is not
explicitly taken into account in many theoretical works. Therefore, a universal
asymptotic behavior in which kinetic energy decays as $t^{-1}$ is not detected.
But this decay law is observed at finite Reynolds number with low probability
for some initial conditions.


title:
Design of a horizontal neutron reflectometer for the European Spallation
  Source

abstract:
  A design study of a horizontal neutron reflectometer adapted to the general
baseline of the long pulse European Spallation Source (ESS) is presented. The
instrument layout comprises solutions for the neutron guide, high-resolution
pulse shaping and beam bending onto a sample surface being so far unique in the
field of reflectometry. The length of this instrument is roughly 55 m, enabling
$\delta \lambda / \lambda$ resolutions from 0.5% to 10%. The incident beam is
focussed in horizontal plane to boost measurements of sample sizes of 1*1
cm{^2} and smaller with potential beam deflection in both downward and upward
direction. The range of neutron wavelengths untilized by the instrument is 2 to
7.1 (12.2, ...) {\AA}, if every (second, ...) neutron source ulse is used.
Angles of incidence can be set between 0{\deg} and 9{\deg} with a total
accessible q-range from 4*10^{-3} {\AA}^{-1} up to 1 {\AA}^{-1}. The instrument
operates both in {\theta}/{\theta} (free liquid surfaces) and
{\theta}/2{\theta} (solid/liquid, air/solid interfaces) geometry. The
experimental setup will in particular enable direct studies on ultrathin films
(d ~ 10 {\AA}) and buried monolayers to multilayered structures of up to 3000
{\AA} total thickness. The horizontal reflectometer will further foster
investigations of hierarchical systems from nanometer to micrometer length
scale, as well as their kinetics and dynamical properties, in particular under
load (shear, pressure, external fields). Polarization and polarization analysis
as well as the GISANS option are designed as potential modules to be
implemented separately in the generic instrument layout. The instrument is
highly flexible and offers a variety of different measurement modes. With
respect to its mechanical components the instrument is exclusively based on
current technology. Risks of failure for the chosen setup are minimum.


title:
A computationally fast alternative to cross-validation in penalized
  Gaussian graphical models

abstract:
  We study the problem of selection of regularization parameter in penalized
Gaussian graphical models. When the goal is to obtain the model with good
predicting power, cross validation is the gold standard. We present a new
estimator of Kullback-Leibler loss in Gaussian Graphical model which provides a
computationally fast alternative to cross-validation. The estimator is obtained
by approximating leave-one-out-cross validation. Our approach is demonstrated
on simulated data sets for various types of graphs. The proposed formula
exhibits superior performance, especially in the typical small sample size
scenario, compared to other available alternatives to cross validation, such as
Akaike's information criterion and Generalized approximate cross validation. We
also show that the estimator can be used to improve the performance of the BIC
when the sample size is small.


title:
Agent-based modeling of zapping behavior of viewers, television
  commercial allocation, and advertisement markets

abstract:
  We propose a simple probabilistic model of zapping behavior of television
viewers. Our model might be regarded as a `theoretical platform' to investigate
the human collective behavior in the macroscopic scale through the zapping
action of each viewer at the microscopic level. The stochastic process of
audience measurements as macroscopic quantities such as television program
rating point or the so-called gross rating point (GRP for short) are
reconstructed using the microscopic modeling of each viewer's decision making.
Assuming that each viewer decides the television station to watch by means of
three factors, namely, physical constraints on television controllers,
exogenous information such as advertisement of program by television station,
and endogenous information given by `word-of-mouth communication' through the
past market history, we shall construct an aggregation probability of
Gibbs-Boltzmann-type with the energy function. We discuss the possibility for
the ingredients of the model system to exhibit the collective behavior due to
not exogenous but endogenous information.


title:
Quantum turbulence by vortex stirring in a spinor Bose-Einstein
  condensate

abstract:
  We introduce a novel mechanism to develop a turbulent flow in a spinor
Bose-Einstein condensate, consisting in the stirring of a single line vortex by
means of an external magnetic field. We find that density and velocity
fluctuations have white-noise power spectra at large frequencies and that
Kolmogorov 5/3 law is obeyed in the turbulent region. As the stirring is turned
off, the flow decays to an agitated non-equilibrium state that shows an energy
bottleneck crossover at small length scales. We demonstrate our findings by
numerically solving two-state spinor coupled 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equations. We
suggest that this mechanism may be experimentally implemented in spinor
ultracold gases confined by optical traps.


title:
Double Fano resonances in a composite metamaterial possessing tripod
  plasmonic resonances

abstract:
  By embedding four-rod resonators inside double-split ring resonators
superlattice, a planar composite metamaterial possessing tripod plasmonic
resonances is fabricated. Double Fano resonances are observed where a common
subradiant driven oscillator is coupled with two superradiant oscillators. As a
classical analogue of four-level tripod atomic system, the transmission
spectrum of the composite metamaterial exhibits a double Fano-based coherent
effect. Transfer of absorbed power between two superradiant oscillators is
controlled by manipulating two coupling strengths conjugated through the
polarization angle of a normally incident electromagnetic wave.


title:
A study on the deconfined degree of freedom (g1) and the running
  coupling constant (alpha_s(T))

abstract:
  The quark gluon plasma is a novel state of matter in which quarks are no
longer confined to bound states such as baryons and mesons. the freezing of
quarkvgluon deconfined degrees of freedom is the essential ingredient in
determining the conditions in a transition between phases that has time to
develop into equilibrium. The degree of freedom in the confined hadronic matter
phase and the deconfined phase, that is, the QGP, is important in the study of
phase transition in the early universe. It is calculated according to the
strong coupling constant. But in the present work, we try to figure out the
effect of the running coupling constant in the calculation of the degree of
freedom, the latent heat and the critical pressure in the confined-deconfined
phase of matter


title:
A directed search for continuous Gravitational Waves from the Galactic
  Center

abstract:
  We present the results of a directed search for continuous gravitational
waves from unknown, isolated neutron stars in the Galactic Center region,
performed on two years of data from LIGO's fifth science run from two LIGO
detectors. The search uses a semi-coherent approach, analyzing coherently 630
segments, each spanning 11.5 hours, and then incoherently combining the results
of the single segments. It covers gravitational wave frequencies in a range
from 78 to 496 Hz and a frequency-dependent range of first order spindown
values down to -7.86 x 10^-8 Hz/s at the highest frequency. No gravitational
waves were detected. We place 90% confidence upper limits on the gravitational
wave amplitude of sources at the Galactic Center. Placing 90% confidence upper
limits on the gravitational wave amplitude of sources at the Galactic Center,
we reach ~3.35x10^-25 for frequencies near 150 Hz. These upper limits are the
most constraining to date for a large-parameter-space search for continuous
gravitational wave signals.


title: Computing Vergne Polarizing Subalgebras

abstract:
  According to Kirillov's theory, the construction of a unitary irreducible
representation of a nilpotent Lie group requires a precise computation of some
polarizing subalgebra subordinated to a linear functional in the linear dual of
the corresponding Lie algebra. This important step is generally challenging
from a computational viewpoint. In this paper, we provide an algorithmic
approach to the construction of the well-known Vergne polarizing subalgebras
\cite{Corwin}. The algorithms presented in this paper are specifically designed
so that they can be implemented in Computer Algebra Systems. We also show there
are instances where Vergne's construction could be refined for the sake of
efficiency. Finally, we adapt our refined procedure to free nilpotent
finite-dimensional Lie algebras of step-two to obtain simple and precise
descriptions of Vergne polarizing algebras corresponding to all linear
functionals in a Zariski open subset of the linear dual of the corresponding
Lie algebra. Several explicit examples are given throughout the paper. Also, a
program written for Mathematica is presented at the end of the paper.


title: Multi-invariant measures and subsets on nilmanifolds

abstract:
  Given a $\mathbb Z^r$-action $\alpha$ on a nilmanifold $X$ by automorphisms
and an ergodic $\alpha$-invariant probability measure $\mu$, we show that $\mu$
is the uniform measure on $X$, unless modulo finite index modification, one of
the following obstructions occurs for an algebraic factor action: 1. The factor
measure has zero entropy under every element of the action; 2. The factor
action is virtually cyclic. We also deduce a rigidity property for invariant
closed subsets.


title:
Central Limit Theorems for Biorthogonal Ensembles and Asymptotics of
  Recurrence Coefficients

abstract:
  We study fluctuations of linear statistics corresponding to smooth functions
for certain biorthogonal ensembles. We study those biorthogonal ensembles for
which the underlying biorthogonal family satisfies a finite term recurrence and
describe the asymptotic fluctuations using right limits of the recurrence
matrix. As a consequence, we show that whenever the right limit is a Laurent
matrix, a Central Limit Theorem holds. We will also discuss the implications
for orthogonal polynomial ensembles. In particular, we obtain a Central limit
theorem for the orthogonal polynomial ensemble associated with any measure
belonging to the Nevai Class of an interval. Our results also extend previous
results on Unitary Ensembles in the one-cut case. Finally, we will illustrate
our results by deriving Central Limit Theorems for the Hahn ensemble for
lozenge tilings of a hexagon and for the Hermitian two matrix model.


title: Kinetics of node splitting in evolving complex networks

abstract:
  We introduce a collection of complex networks generated by a combination of
preferential attachment and a previously unexamined process of "splitting"
nodes of degree $k$ into $k$ nodes of degree 1. Four networks are considered,
each evolves at each time step by either preferential attachment, with
probability $p$, or splitting with probability $1-p$. Two methods of attachment
are considered; first, attachment of an edge between a newly created node and
existing node in the network, and secondly by attachment of an edge between two
existing nodes. Splitting is also considered in two separate ways; first by
selecting each node with equal probability and secondly, selecting the node
with probability proportional to its degree. Exact solutions for the degree
distributions are found and scale-free structure is exhibited in those networks
where the candidates for splitting are chosen with uniform probability, those
that are chosen preferentially are distributed with a power law with
exponential cut-off.


title: Automation of Mathematical Induction as part of the History of Logic

abstract: We review the history of the automation of mathematical induction


title: Resonant radiation shed by dispersive shock waves

abstract:
  We show that dispersive shock waves resulting from the nonlinearity
overbalancing a weak leading-order dispersion can emit resonant radiation owing
to higher-order dispersive contributions. We analyze such phenomenon for the
defocusing nonlinear Schroedinger equation, giving criteria for calculating the
radiated frequency based on the estimate of the shock velocity, revealing also
a diversity of possible scenarios depending on the order and magnitude of the
dispersive corrections.


title: Questions on the Borel Complexity of Characterized Subgroups

abstract:
  We propose various problems about Borel complexity of characterized subgroups
of compact abelian groups, inspired by our forthcoming paper \cite{DI3}.


title: Diagnosing CP properties of the 2HDM

abstract:
  We have investigated a Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM), focusing on CP
violation. Various scenarios with spontaneous and explicit breaking of CP have
been considered. Some features of CP violation related to a choice of the basis
for the two Higgs doublets have been discussed and clarified. Regions in the
physical parameter space corresponding to spontaneous and explicit CP violation
have been located and discussed. The possibility to determine parameters of the
scalar potential with no reference to Yukawa couplings has been considered and
an unavoidable ambiguity has been found. The issue of disentangling spontaneous
and explicit CP violation has been investigated.


title: On the gonality of certain quotient varieties

abstract:
  Noether's problem asks whether, for a given field K and finite group G, the
fixed field L := K(x_h : h \in G)^G is a purely transcendental extension of K,
where G acts on the x_h by gx_h = x_gh. The field L is naturally the function
field of a quotient variety V := V (K,G). In analogy to the case of curves, we
define the gonality of V to be the minimal degree of a dominant rational map
from V to projective space, which, in a sense, measures the extent to which L
may fail to be purely transcendental over K. When G is abelian, we give bounds
for the gonality of V (K; G).


title:
Studying the interstellar medium of HII/BCD galaxies using IFU
  spectroscopy

abstract:
  We review the results from our studies, and previous published work, on the
spatially resolved physical properties of a sample of HII/BCD galaxies, as
obtained mainly from integral-field unit spectroscopy with Gemini/GMOS and
VLT/VIMOS. We confirm that, within observational uncertainties, our sample
galaxies show nearly spatially constant chemical abundances, similar to other
low-mass starburst galaxies. They also show He II 4686 emission with properties
being suggestive of a mix of excitation sources, with Wolf-Rayet stars being
excluded as the primary one. Finally, in this contribution we include a list of
all HII/BCD galaxies studied thus far with integral-field unit spectroscopy.


title: Oxidation of GaN: An ab initio thermodynamic approach

abstract:
  GaN is a wide-bandgap semiconductor used in high-efficiency LEDs and solar
cells. The solid is produced industrially at high chemical purities by
deposition from a vapour phase, and oxygen may be included at this stage.
Oxidation represents a potential path for tuning its properties without
introducing more exotic elements or extreme processing conditions. In this
work, ab initio computational methods are used to examine the energy potentials
and electronic properties of different extents of oxidation in GaN. Solid-state
vibrational properties of Ga, GaN, Ga2O3 and a single substitutional oxygen
defect have been studied using the harmonic approximation with supercells. A
thermodynamic model is outlined which combines the results of ab initio
calculations with data from experimental literature. This model allows free
energies to be predicted for arbitrary reaction conditions within a wide
process envelope. It is shown that complete oxidation is favourable for all
industrially-relevant conditions, while the formation of defects can be opposed
by the use of high temperatures and a high N2:O2 ratio.


title:
Existence and regularity of multivalued solutions to elliptic equations
  and systems

abstract:
  We extend the work of Simon and Wickramasekera, who constructed a large class
of $C^{1,\mu}$ multivalued solutions to the minimal surface equation, to
produce $C^{1,\mu}$ multivalued solutions to more general classes of elliptic
equations and systems, including the minimal surface system with small boundary
data and the Laplace equation. We use methods for differential equations, which
are more general than the specific minimal submanifold approach adopted by
Simon and Wickramasekera. We also prove the branch set of the graphs of the
solutions constructed by Simon and Wickramasekera are real analytic
submanifolds by inductively using Schauder estimates.


title: Electron/Muon Specific Two Higgs Doublet Model

abstract:
  We discuss two Higgs doublet models with a softly-broken discrete
$\mathbb{S}_3$ symmery, where the mass matrix for charged-leptons is predicted
as the diagonal form in the weak eigenbasis of lepton fields. Similar to an
introduction of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry, the tree level flavor changing neutral
current can be forbidden by imposing the $\mathbb{S}_3$ symmetry to the model.
Under the $\mathbb{S}_3$ symmetry, there are four types of Yukawa interactions
depending on the $\mathbb{S}_3$ charge assignment to right-handed fermions. We
find that extra Higgs bosons can be muon and electron specific in one of four
types of the Yukawa interaction. This property does not appear in any other two
Higgs doublet models with a softly-broken ${\mathbb Z}_2$ symmetry. We discuss
the phenomenology of the muon and electron specific Higgs bosons at the Large
Hadron Collider; namely we evaluate allowed parameter regions from the current
Higgs boson search data and discovery potential of such a Higgs boson at the 14
TeV run.


title:
SL-invariant entanglement measures in higher dimensions: the case of
  spin $1$ and $3/2$

abstract:
  An SL-invariant extension of the concurrence to higher local Hilbert-space
dimension is due to its relation with the determinant of the matrix of a
$d\times d$ two qudits state, which is the only SL-invariant of polynomial
degree $d$. This determinant is written in terms of antilinear expectation
values of the local $SL(d)$ operators. We use the permutation invariance of the
comb-condition for creating further local antilinear operators which are
orthogonal to the original operator. It means that the symmetric group acts
transitively on the space of combs of a given order. This extends the mechanism
for writing $SL(2)$-invariants for qubits to qudits. I outline the method, that
in principle works for arbitrary dimension $d$, explicitely for spin 1, and
spin 3/2. There is an odd-even discrepancy: whereas for half odd integer spin a
situation similar to that observed for qubits is found, for integer spin the
outcome is an asymmetric invariant of polynomial degree $2d$.


title:
Stellar mass-loss near the Eddington limit. Tracing the sub-photospheric
  layers of classical Wolf-Rayet stars

abstract:
  Towards the end of their evolution hot massive stars develop strong stellar
winds and appear as emission line stars, such as WR stars or LBVs. The
quantitative description of the mass loss in these important pre-SN phases is
hampered by unknowns such as clumping and porosity due to an in-homogeneous
wind structure, and by an incomplete theoretical understanding of optically
thick stellar winds. In this work we investigate the conditions in deep
atmospheric layers of WR stars to find out whether these comply with the theory
of optically thick winds, and whether we find indications of clumping in these
layers. We use a new semi-empirical method to determine sonic-point optical
depths, densities, and temperatures for a large sample of WR stars of the
carbon (WC) and oxygen (WO) sequence. Based on an artificial model sequence we
investigate the reliability of our method and its sensitivity to uncertainties
in stellar parameters. We find that the WR stars in our sample obey an
approximate relation with P_rad/P_gas~80 at the sonic point. This 'wind
condition' is ubiquitous for radiatively driven, optically thick winds, and
sets constraints on possible wind/envelope solutions affecting radii, mass-loss
rates, and clumping properties. Our results suggest that the presence of an
optically thick wind may force many stars near the Eddington limit to develop
clumped, radially extended sub-surface zones. The clumping in these zones is
most likely sustained by the non-linear strange-mode instability, and may be
the origin of the observed wind clumping. The properties of typical late-type
WC stars comply with this model. Solutions without sub-surface clumping and
inflation are also possible but demand for compact stars with comparatively low
mass-loss rates. These objects may resemble the small group of WO stars with
their exceptionally hot stellar temperatures and highly ionized winds.


title: Influence of heat flow directions on Nernst effects in Py/Pt bilayers

abstract:
  We investigated the voltages obtained in a thin Pt strip on a Permalloy film
which was subject to in-plane temperature gradients and magnetic fields. The
voltages detected by thin W-tips or bond wires showed a purely symmetric effect
with respect to the external magnetic field which can be fully explained by the
planar Nernst effect (PNE). To verify the influence of the contacts
measurements in vacuum and atmosphere were compared and gave similar results.
We explain that a slightly in-plane tilted temperature gradient only shifts the
field direction dependence but does not cancel out the observed effects.
Additionally, the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) could be induced by using thick
Au-tips which generated a heat current perpendicular to the sample plane. The
effect can be manipulated by varying the temperature of the Au-tips. These
measurements are discussed concerning their relevance in transverse spin
Seebeck effect measurements.


title:
On Special Unipotent Orbits and Fourier Coefficients for Automorphic
  Forms on Symplectic Groups

abstract:
  Fourier coefficients of automorphic representations $\pi$ of $\Sp_{2n}(\BA)$
are attached to unipotent adjoint orbits in $\Sp_{2n}(F)$, where $F$ is a
number field and $\BA$ is the ring of adeles of $F$. We prove that for a given
$\pi$, all maximal unipotent orbits, which gives nonzero Fourier coefficients
of $\pi$ are special, and prove, under a well acceptable assumption, that if
$\pi$ is cuspidal, then the stabilizer attached to each of those maximal
unipotent orbits is $F$-anisotropic as algebraic group over $F$. These results
strengthen, refine and extend the earlier work of Ginzburg, Rallis and Soudry
on the subject. As a consequence, we obtain constraints on those maximal
unipotent orbits if $F$ is totally imaginary, further applications of which to
the discrete spectrum with the Arthur classification will be considered in our
future work.


title:
Arthur Parameters and Fourier coefficients for Automorphic Forms on
  Symplectic Groups

abstract:
  We study the structures of Fourier coefficients of automorphic forms on
symplectic groups based on their local and global structures related to Arthur
parameters. This is a first step towards the general conjecture on the relation
between the structure of Fourier coefficients and Arthur parameters given by
the first named author in [J14].


title:
On Extension of Ginzburg-Jiang-Soudry Correspondence to Certain
  Automorphic Forms on $Sp_{4mn}(\BA)$ and $\wt{Sp}_{4mn \pm 2n}(\BA)$

abstract:
  Let $F$ be a number field, and $\BA=\BA_F$. In this paper, first, we provide
a family of global Arthur parameters confirming all parts of a general
conjecture on the relation between the structure of Fourier coefficients and
the structure of global Arthur parameters, given by Jiang in 2012. Then we
extend a correspondence between certain automorphic forms on $Sp_{4n}(\BA)$ and
$\wt{Sp}_{2n}(\BA)$, given by Ginzburg, Jiang and Soudry in 2012, to certain
automorphic forms on $Sp_{4mn}(\BA)$ and $\wt{Sp}_{4mn \pm 2n}(\BA)$, using the
same idea of considering compositions of automorphic descent maps.


title: Matrix multiplication is determined by orthogonality and trace

abstract:
  Any associative bilinear multiplication on the set of n-by-n matrices over
some field of characteristic not two, that makes the same vectors orthogonal
and has the same trace as ordinary matrix multiplication, must be ordinary
matrix multiplication or its opposite.


title: Homogeneous kernerls and self similar sets

abstract:
  We consider singular integrals associated to homogeneous kernels on self
similar sets. Using ideas from ergodic theory we prove, among other things,
that in Euclidean spaces the principal values of singular integrals associated
to real analytic, homogeneous kernels fail to exist a.e. on self similar sets
satisfying some separation conditions. Furthermore in general metric groups,
using similar techniques, we generalize a criterion of $L^2$-unboundedness for
singular integrals on self similar sets.


title:
Fluid preconditioning for Newton-Krylov-based, fully implicit,
  electrostatic particle-in-cell simulations

abstract:
  A recent proof-of-principle study proposes an energy- and charge-conserving,
nonlinearly implicit electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) algorithm in one
dimension [Chen et al, J. Comput. Phys., 230 (2011) 7018]. The algorithm in the
reference employs an unpreconditioned Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov method, which
ensures nonlinear convergence at every timestep (resolving the dynamical
timescale of interest). Kinetic enslavement, which is one key component of the
algorithm, not only enables fully implicit PIC a practical approach, but also
allows preconditioning the kinetic solver with a fluid approximation. This
study proposes such a preconditioner, in which the linearized moment equations
are closed with moments computed from particles. Effective acceleration of the
linear GMRES solve is demonstrated, on both uniform and non-uniform meshes. The
algorithm performance is largely insensitive to the electron-ion mass ratio.
Numerical experiments are performed on a 1D multi-scale ion acoustic wave test
problem.


title: The dependence of stellar age distributions on GMC environment

abstract:
  In this Letter, we analyse the distributions of stellar ages in Giant
Molecular Clouds (GMCs) in spiral arms, inter-arm spurs, and at large galactic
radii, where the spiral arms are relatively weak. We use the results of
numerical simulations of galaxies, which follow the evolution of GMCs and
include star particles where star formation events occur. We find that GMCs in
spiral arms tend to have predominantly young (< 10 Myr) stars. By contrast,
clouds which are the remainders of spiral arm GMAs that have been sheared into
inter-arm GMCs, contain fewer young (< 10 Myr) stars, and more ~20 Myr stars.
We also show that clouds which form in the absence of spiral arms, due to local
gravitational and thermal instabilities, contain preferentially young stars. We
propose the age distributions of stars in GMCs will be a useful diagnostic to
test different cloud evolution scenarios, the origin of spiral arms, and the
success of numerical models of galactic star formation. We discuss the
implications of our results in the context of Galactic and extragalactic
molecular clouds.


title: Regularity of minimal hypersurfaces with a common free boundary

abstract:
  Let $N$ be a Riemannian manifold and consider a stationary union of three or
more $C^{1,\mu}$ hypersurfaces-with-boundary $M_k$ in $N$ with a common
boundary $\Gamma$. We show that if $N$ is smooth, then $\Gamma$ is smooth and
each $M_k$ is smooth up to $\Gamma$ (real analytic in the case $N$ is real
analytic). Consequently we strengthen a result of Wickramasekera to conclude
that under the stronger hypothesis that $V$ is a stationary, stable, integral
$n$-varifold in an $(n+1)$-dimensional, smooth (real analytic) Riemannian
manifold such that the support of $\|V\|$ is nowhere locally the union of three
or more smooth (real analytic) hypersurfaces-with-boundary meeting along a
common boundary, the singular set of $V$ is empty if $n = 6$, is discrete if $n
= 7$, and has Hausdorff dimension at most $n-7$ if $n \geq 8$.


title: Possible generalized entropy convergence rates

abstract:
  We consider an isomorphism invariant for measure-preserving systems - types
of generalized entropy convergence rates. We show the connections of this
invariant with the types of Shannon entropy convergence rates. In the case when
they differ we show several facts for aperiodic, completely ergodic and rank
one systems. We use this concept to distinguish some measure-preserving systems
with zero entropy.


title:
Counting metastable states in a kinetically constrained model using a
  patch repetition analysis

abstract:
  We analyse metastable states in the East model, using a recently-proposed
patch-repetition analysis based on time-averaged density profiles. The results
reveal a hierarchy of states of varying lifetimes, consistent with previous
studies in which the metastable states were identified and used to explain the
glassy dynamics of the model. We establish a mapping between these states and
configurations of systems of hard rods, which allows us to analyse both typical
and atypical metastable states. We discuss connections between the complexity
of metastable states and large-deviation functions of dynamical quantities,
both in the context of the East model and more generally in glassy systems.


title: A penrose inequality for graphs over Kottler space

abstract:
  In this work, we prove an optimal Penrose inequality for asymptotically
locally hyperbolic manifolds which can be realized as graphs over Kottler
space. Such inequality relies heavily on an optimal weighted Alexandrov-Fenchel
inequality for the mean convex star shaped hypersurfaces in Kottler space.


title:
Searching for a continuum 4D field theory arising from a 5D non-abelian
  gauge theory

abstract:
  The anisotropic 5D SU(2) Yang-Mills model has been widely investigated on the
lattice during the last decade. In the case where all dimensions are large in
size, it was previously claimed that there is a new phase in the phase diagram,
called the Layer phase. In this phase, the gauge fields would be localized on
4D layers. Previous works claim that the phase transition to the Layer phase is
of second order, which would allow a continuum limit to be taken. We present
the extension of the previous work to large lattices, for which we found a
first order phase transition. This leaves the scenario that this 5D theory can
be dimensionally reduced to a continuum 4D field theory, doubtful.


title:
Comparison of polynomial approximations to speed up planewave-based
  quantum Monte Carlo calculations

abstract:
  The computational cost of quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations of realistic
periodic systems depends strongly on the method of storing and evaluating the
many-particle wave function. Previous work [A. J. Williamson et al., Phys. Rev.
Lett. 87, 246406 (2001); D. Alf\`e and M. J. Gillan, Phys. Rev. B 70, 161101
(2004)] has demonstrated the reduction of the O(N^3) cost of evaluating the
Slater determinant with planewaves to O(N^2) using localized basis functions.
We compare four polynomial approximations as basis functions -- interpolating
Lagrange polynomials, interpolating piecewise-polynomial-form (pp-) splines,
and basis-form (B-) splines (interpolating and smoothing). All these basis
functions provide a similar speedup relative to the planewave basis. The
pp-splines have eight times the memory requirement of the other methods. To
test the accuracy of the basis functions, we apply them to the ground state
structures of Si, Al, and MgO. The polynomial approximations differ in accuracy
most strongly for MgO and smoothing B-splines most closely reproduce the
planewave value for of the variational Monte Carlo energy. Using separate
approximations for the Laplacian of the orbitals increases the accuracy
sufficiently to justify the increased memory requirement, making smoothing
B-splines, with separate approximation for the Laplacian, the preferred choice
for approximating planewave-represented orbitals in QMC calculations.


title: Two loop soft function for secondary massive quarks

abstract:
  We present the calculation of the $\mathcal{O}(\alpha_s^2 C_F T_F)$ massive
quark corrections to the soft function for the double hemisphere jet mass
distribution in $e^+ e^-$ collisions, a necessary ingredient for the
calculation of several event shape distributions at N${}^3$LL order. Using the
mass as an infrared regulator allows us to derive an expression for the
massless momentum space limit, which has not been given so far in the
literature. Furthermore, we compute the corresponding corrections in the soft
function for thrust, the most prominent projection of the double hemisphere
mass distribution. Finally we give expressions for the corresponding renormalon
subtractions in the gap scheme.


title: Ricci flow on quasiprojective manifolds II

abstract:
  We study the Ricci flow on complete Kaehler metrics that live on the
complement of a divisor in a compact complex manifold. In earlier work, we
considered finite-volume metrics which, at spatial infinity, are transversely
hyperbolic. In the present paper we consider three different types of spatial
asymptotics: cylindrical, bulging and conical. We show that in each case, the
asymptotics are preserved by the Kaehler-Ricci flow. We address long-time
existence, parabolic blowdown limits and the role of the Kaehler-Ricci flow on
the divisor.


title:
Electric charge susceptibility in 2+1 flavour QCD on an anisotropic
  lattice

abstract:
  The FASTSUM Collaboration presents its first results for the electric charge
susceptibility in QCD using 2+1 dynamical flavours of Wilson quark on
anisotropic lattices. Spatial volumes of (2.94 fm)^3 are used at fixed cut-off
with temperatures ranging from below T_c to ~2 T_c.


title: The local limit of unicellular maps in high genus

abstract:
  We show that the local limit of unicellular maps whose genus is proportional
to the number of edges is a supercritical geometric Galton-Watson tree
conditioned to survive. The proof relies on enumeration results obtained via
the recent bijection given by the second author together with Feray and Fusy.


title:
Inhomogenous pairing and enhancement of superconductivity in large Sn
  nanograins

abstract:
  A substantial enhancement of the superconducting gap was recently reported in
clean, large ~30nm, and close to hemispherical Sn grains. A satisfactory
explanation of this behaviour is still missing as shell effects caused by
fluctuations of the spectral density or surface phonons are negligible in this
region. Here we show that this enhancement is caused by spatial inhomogeneities
of the Cooper's pairs density of probability. In the mean field approach that
we employ these inhomogeneities are closely related to the eigenstates of the
one-body problem, namely, a particle in a hemispherical shaped potential. The
parameter free theoretical prediction agrees well with the experimental
results. A similar enhancement is predicted for other weakly coupled
superconductors.


title:
Electronic structure and magnetism of new scandium-based full Heusler
  compounds: Sc2CoZ (Z=Si, Ge, Sn)

abstract:
  First principles FPLAPWcalculations were performed in the framework of
Density Functional Theory (DFT), to study the electronic structures and
magnetic properties for the new full-Heusler compounds: Sc2CoZ (Z=Si, Ge, Sn).
The investigated materials are stable against decomposition, in ferromagnetic
configuration and crystallize in the inverse Heusler structures. The
half-metallic properties as function of the variation of unit cell volumes are
analysed regarding the fourth main group constituent elements. The electronic
structure calculations for Sc2CoSi and Sc2CoSn show half-metallic characters,
with indirect band gaps of 0.544 eV and 0.408 eV at optimized lattice
parameters of 6.28 A and 6.62 A, respectively. For Sc2CoGe compound, the Fermi
energy is not pinned inside the energy band gap from minority density of
states, neither for unit cell contraction or for enlargement. The calculated
total magnetic moments are 1muB/f.u., for all compounds, in agreement with
Slater-Pauling rule.


title: On $v$-Positive Type Transformations in Infinite Measure

abstract:
  For each vector $v$ we define the notion of a $v$-positive type for infinite
measure-preserving transformations, a refinement of positive type as introduced
by Hajian and Kakutani. We prove that a positive type transformation need not
be $(1,2)$-positive type. We study this notion in the context of Markov shifts
and multiple recurrence and give several examples.


title: The AKARI FIS YSO Catalogue

abstract:
  We demonstrate the use of the AKARI survey photometric data in the study of
galactic star formation. Our aim was to select young stellar objects (YSOs) in
the AKARI FIS catalogue. We used AKARI Far-Infrared Surveyor and Wide-field
Infrared Survey Explorer data to derive mid- and far-infrared colours of YSOs.
Classification schemes based on Quadratic Discriminant Analysis have been given
for YSOs. The training catalogue for QDA was the whole sky selection of
previously known YSOs (i.e. listed in SIMBAD). A new catalogue of AKARI FIS YSO
candidates including 44001 sources has been prepared. Reliability of the
classification is over 90% as tested in comparison to known YSOs. As much as
76% of our YSO candidates are from previously uncatalogued type. The vast
majority of these sources are Class I and II types according to the Lada
classification. The distribution of AKARI FIS YSOs' is well correlated with
that of the galactic ISM. Local over densities were found on infrared loops and
towards the cold clumps detected by Planck.


title:
Differential equations for discrete Laguerre-Sobolev orthogonal
  polynomials

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to study differential properties of orthogonal
polynomials with respect to a discrete Laguerre-Sobolev bilinear form with mass
point at zero. In particular we construct the orthogonal polynomials using
certain Casorati determinants. Using this construction, we prove that they are
eigenfunctions of a differential operator (which will be explicitly
constructed). Moreover, the order of this differential operator is explicitly
computed in terms of the matrix which defines the discrete Laguerre-Sobolev
bilinear form.


title: Topological Type of Limit Laminations of Embedded Minimal Disks

abstract:
  We consider two natural classes of minimal laminations in three-manifolds.
Both classes may be thought of as limits - in different senses - of embedded
minimal disks. In both cases, we prove that, under a natural geometric
assumption on the three-manifold, the leaves of these laminations are
topologically either disks, annuli or Moebius bands. This answers a question
posed by Hoffman and White.


title: Chaos and Unpredictability in Evolution

abstract:
  The possibility of complicated dynamic behaviour driven by non-linear
feedbacks in dynamical systems has revolutionized science in the latter part of
the last century. Yet despite examples of complicated frequency dynamics, the
possibility of long-term evolutionary chaos is rarely considered. The concept
of "survival of the fittest" is central to much evolutionary thinking and
embodies a perspective of evolution as a directional optimization process
exhibiting simple, predictable dynamics. This perspective is adequate for
simple scenarios, when frequency-independent selection acts on scalar
phenotypes. However, in most organisms many phenotypic properties combine in
complicated ways to determine ecological interactions, and hence
frequency-dependent selection. Therefore, it is natural to consider models for
the evolutionary dynamics generated by frequency-dependent selection acting
simultaneously on many different phenotypes. Here we show that complicated,
chaotic dynamics of long-term evolutionary trajectories in phenotype space is
very common in a large class of such models when the dimension of phenotype
space is large, and when there are epistatic interactions between the
phenotypic components. Our results suggest that the perspective of evolution as
a process with simple, predictable dynamics covers only a small fragment of
long-term evolution. Our analysis may also be the first systematic study of the
occurrence of chaos in multidimensional and generally dissipative systems as a
function of the dimensionality of phase space.


title: A Landau-Ginzburg/Calabi-Yau correspondence for the mirror quintic

abstract:
  We prove a version of the Landau-Ginzburg/Calabi-Yau correspondence for the
mirror quintic. In particular we calculate the genus-zero FJRW theory for the
pair (W, G) where W is the Fermat quintic polynomial and G = SL(W). We identify
it with the Gromov-Witten theory of the mirror quintic three-fold via an
explicit analytic continuation and symplectic transformation. In the process we
prove a mirror theorem for the corresponding Landau-Ginzburg model (W,G).


title:
A water-like model under confinement for hydrophobic and hydrophilic
  particle-plate interaction potentials

abstract:
  Molecular dynamic simulations were employed to study a water-like model
confined between hydrophobic and hydrophilic plates. The phase behavior of this
system is obtained for different distances between the plates and
particle-plate potentials. For both hydrophobic and hydrophilic walls there are
the formation of layers. Crystallization occurs at lower temperature at the
contact layer than at the middle layer. In addition, the melting temperature
decreases as the plates become more hydrophobic. Similarly, the temperatures of
maximum density and extremum diffusivity decrease with hydrophobicity.


title:
How much better are InGaN/GaN nanodisks than quantum wells - oscillator
  strength enhancement and changes in optical properties

abstract:
  We show over 100-fold enhancement of the exciton oscillator strength as the
diameter of an InGaN nanodisk in a GaN nanopillar is reduced from a few
micrometers to less than 40 nm, corresponding to the quantum dot limit. The
enhancement results from significant strain relaxation in nanodisks less than
100 nm in diameter. Meanwhile, the radiative decay rate is only improved by 10
folds due to strong reduction of the local density of photon states in small
nanodisks. Further increase in the radiative decay rate can be achieved by
engineering the local density of photon states, such as adding a dielectric
coating.


title: Eigenvalue variance bounds for covariance matrices

abstract:
  This work is concerned with finite range bounds on the variance of individual
eigenvalues of random covariance matrices, both in the bulk and at the edge of
the spectrum. In a preceding paper, the author established analogous results
for Wigner matrices and stated the results for covariance matrices. They are
proved in the present paper. Relying on the LUE example, which needs to be
investigated first, the main bounds are extended to complex covariance matrices
by means of the Tao, Vu and Wang Four Moment Theorem and recent localization
results by Pillai and Yin. The case of real covariance matrices is obtained
from interlacing formulas.


title: Energy of signed digraphs

abstract:
  In this paper we extend the concept of energy to signed digraphs. We obtain
Coulson's integral formula for energy of signed digraphs. Formulae for energies
of signed directed cycles are computed and it is shown that energy of non cycle
balanced signed directed cycles increases monotonically with respect to number
of vertices. Characterization of signed digraphs having energy equal to zero is
given. We extend the concept of non complete extended $p$ sum (or briefly,
NEPS) to signed digraphs. An infinite family of equienergetic signed digraphs
is constructed. Moreover, we extend McClelland's inequality to signed digraphs
and also obtain sharp upper bound for energy of signed digraph in terms the
number of arcs. Some open problems are also given at the end.


title: A sharp Abelian theorem for the Laplace transform

abstract:
  This paper states asymptotic equivalents for the three first moments of the
Eescher transform of a distribution on R with smooth density in the upper tail.
As a by product if provides a tail approximation for its moment generating
function, and shows that the Esscher transforms have a Gaussian behavior for
large values of the parameter.


title:
Error estimates for approximations of nonlinear uniformly parabolic
  equations

abstract:
  We introduce the notion of \delta-viscosity solutions for fully nonlinear
uniformly parabolic PDE on bounded domains. We prove that \delta-viscosity
solutions are uniformly close to the actual viscosity solution. As a
consequence we obtain an error estimate for implicit monotone finite difference
approximations of uniformly parabolic PDE.


title: Evidence for a bottom baryon resonance Lambda_b* in CDF data

abstract:
  Using data from proton-antiproton collisions at Ecms=1.96 TeV recorded by the
CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron, evidence for the excited resonance
state Lambda_b* is presented in its Lambda_b0 pi+ pi- decay, followed by the
Lambda_b0 -->Lambda_c+ (-->proton K- pi+) pi- decays. The analysis is based on
a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9.6/fb collected by
an online event selection based on charged-particle tracks displaced from the
proton-antiproton interaction point. The significance of the observed signal is
3.5 Gaussian sigmas. The mass of the observed state is found to be 5919.22 +-
0.76 MeV in agreement with similar findings in proton-proton collision
experiments.


title:
Optimal Resource Allocation for Network Protection Against Spreading
  Processes

abstract:
  We study the problem of containing spreading processes in arbitrary directed
networks by distributing protection resources throughout the nodes of the
network. We consider two types of protection resources are available: (i)
Preventive resources able to defend nodes against the spreading (such as
vaccines in a viral infection process), and (ii) corrective resources able to
neutralize the spreading after it has reached a node (such as antidotes). We
assume that both preventive and corrective resources have an associated cost
and study the problem of finding the cost-optimal distribution of resources
throughout the nodes of the network. We analyze these questions in the context
of viral spreading processes in directed networks. We study the following two
problems: (i) Given a fixed budget, find the optimal allocation of preventive
and corrective resources in the network to achieve the highest level of
containment, and (ii) when a budget is not specified, find the minimum budget
required to control the spreading process. We show that both resource
allocation problems can be solved in polynomial time using Geometric
Programming (GP) for arbitrary directed graphs of nonidentical nodes and a wide
class of cost functions. Furthermore, our approach allows to optimize
simultaneously over both preventive and corrective resources, even in the case
of cost functions being node-dependent. We illustrate our approach by designing
optimal protection strategies to contain an epidemic outbreak that propagates
through an air transportation network.


title: Maternal origins of developmental reproducibility

abstract:
  Cell fate decisions in multicellular organisms are precisely coordinated,
leading to highly reproducible macroscopic outcomes of developmental processes.
The origins of this reproducibility can be found at the molecular level during
the earliest stages of development when spatial patterns of morphogen
(form-generating) molecules emerge reproducibly. However, the initial
conditions for these early stages are determined by the female during
oogenesis, and it is unknown whether reproducibility is passed on to the zygote
or whether it is reacquired by the zygote. Here we examine the earliest
reproducible pattern in the Drosophila embryo, the Bicoid protein gradient.
Using a unique combination of absolute molecule counting techniques, we show
that it is generated from a highly controlled source of mRNA molecules that is
reproducible from embryo to embryo to within ~8%. This occurs in a perfectly
linear feed-forward process: changes in the female's gene dosage lead to
proportional changes in the mRNA and protein counts in the embryo. In this
setup, noise is kept low in the transition from one molecular species to
another, allowing the female to precisely deposit the same absolute number of
mRNA molecules in each embryo and therefore confer reproducibility to the
Bicoid pattern. Our results indicate that the reproducibility of the
morphological structures that emerge in the embryo originates during oogenesis
when all initial patterning signals are controlled with precision similar to
what we observe for the Bicoid pattern.


title: Attractors for damped quintic wave equations in bounded domains

abstract:
  The dissipative wave equation with a critical quintic nonlinearity in smooth
bounded three dimensional domain is considered. Based on the recent extension
of the Strichartz estimates to the case of bounded domains, the existence of a
compact global attractor for the solution semigroup of this equation is
established. Moreover, the smoothness of the obtained attractor is also shown.


title: Precision and reproducibility of macroscopic developmental patterns

abstract:
  Developmental processes in multicellular organisms occur far from
equilibrium, yet produce complex patterns with astonishing reproducibility. We
measure the precision and reproducibility of bilaterally symmetric fly wings
across the natural range of genetic and environmental conditions and find that
wing patterns are specified with identical spatial precision and are
reproducible to within a single cell width. The early fly embryo operates at a
similar degree of reproducibility, suggesting that the overall spatial
precision of morphogenesis in Drosophila performs at the single cell level,
arguably the physical limit of what a biological system can achieve.


title:
Lunar Eclipse Observations Reveal Anomalous Thermal Performance of
  Apollo Reflectors

abstract:
  Laser ranging measurements during the total lunar eclipse on 2010 December 21
verify previously suspected thermal lensing in the retroreflectors left on the
lunar surface by the Apollo astronauts. Signal levels during the eclipse far
exceeded those historically seen at full moon, and varied over an order of
magnitude as the eclipse progressed. These variations can be understood via a
straightforward thermal scenario involving solar absorption by a ~50% covering
of dust that has accumulated on the front surfaces of the reflectors. The same
mechanism can explain the long-term degradation of signal from the reflectors
as well as the acute signal deficit observed near full moon.


title:
Massively Parallel Computing and the Search for Jets and Black Holes at
  the LHC

abstract:
  Massively parallel computing at the LHC could be the next leap necessary to
reach an era of new discoveries at the LHC after the Higgs discovery.
Scientific computing is a critical component of the LHC experiment, including
operation, trigger, LHC computing GRID, simulation, and analysis. One way to
improve the physics reach of the LHC is to take advantage of the flexibility of
the trigger system by integrating coprocessors based on Graphics Processing
Units (GPUs) or the Many Integrated Core (MIC) architecture into its server
farm. This cutting edge technology provides not only the means to accelerate
existing algorithms, but also the opportunity to develop new algorithms that
select events in the trigger that previously would have evaded detection. In
this article we describe new algorithms that would allow to select in the
trigger new topological signatures that include non-prompt jet and black
hole--like objects in the silicon tracker.


title: On constructions preserving the asymptotic topology of metric spaces

abstract:
  We prove that graph products constructed over infinite graphs with bounded
clique number preserve finite asymptotic dimension. We also study the extent to
which Dranishnikov's property C, and Dranishnikov and Zarichnyi's straight
finite decomposition complexity are preserved by constructions such as unions,
free products, and group extensions.


title: A Quantitative Overview of Biophysical Forces Governing Neural Function

abstract:
  The Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model is the currently accepted formalism of neuronal
excitability. However, the HH model does not capture a number of biophysical
behaviors associated with action potentials or propagating nerve impulses.
Physical mechanisms underlying these processes, such as reversible heat
transfer and axonal swelling have been separately investigated and
compartmentally modeled to indicate the nervous system is not purely electrical
or biochemical. Rather, mechanical forces and principles of thermodynamics also
govern neuronal excitability and signaling. To advance our understanding of
neural function and dysfunction, compartmentalized analyses of electrical,
chemical, and mechanical processes need to revaluated and integrated into more
comprehensive theories. The present quantitative perspective is intended to
broaden the awareness of known biophysical phenomena, which are often
overlooked in neuroscience. By starting to consider the collective influence of
the biophysical forces influencing neural function, new paradigms can be
applied to the characterization and manipulation of nervous systems.


title: O(N) Models with Topological Lattice Actions

abstract:
  A variety of lattice discretisations of continuum actions has been
considered, usually requiring the correct classical continuum limit. Here we
discuss "weird" lattice formulations without that property, namely lattice
actions that are invariant under most continuous deformations of the field
configuration, in one version even without any coupling constants. It turns out
that universality is powerful enough to still provide the correct quantum
continuum limit, despite the absence of a classical limit, or a perturbative
expansion. We demonstrate this for a set of O(N) models (or non-linear
$\sigma$-models). Amazingly, such "weird" lattice actions are not only in the
right universality class, but some of them even have practical benefits, in
particular an excellent scaling behaviour.


title:
Spin-driven tidal pumping: Tidally driven changes in planetary spin
  coupled with secular interactions between planets

abstract:
  In a multiplanet system, tides acting on the inner planet can significantly
affect the orbital evolution of the entire system. While tides usually damp
eccentricities, a novel mechanism identified by Correia et al. (2012) tends to
raise eccentricities as a result of the tides' effect on the inner planet's
rotation. Our analytical description of this spin-driven tidal (SDT) effect
shows that, while the inner planet's eccentricity undergoes pumping, the
process is more completely described by an exchange of strength between the two
eigenmodes of the dynamical system. Our analysis allows derivation of criteria
for two-planet coplanar systems where the SDT effect can reverse tidal damping,
and may preclude the effect's being significant for realistic systems. For the
specific case quantified by Correia et al., the effect is strong because of the
large adopted tidal time lag, which may not be appropriate for the assumed
Saturn-like inner planet. On the other hand, the effective Q for any given
planet in exotic circumstances is very uncertain, so the SDT effect could play
a role in planetary evolution.


title:
Quasi-decidability of a Fragment of the First-order Theory of Real
  Numbers

abstract:
  In this paper we consider a fragment of the first-order theory of the real
numbers that includes systems of equations of continuous functions in bounded
domains, and for which all functions are computable in the sense that it is
possible to compute arbitrarily close piece-wise interval approximations. Even
though this fragment is undecidable, we prove that there is a (possibly
non-terminating) algorithm for checking satisfiability such that (1) whenever
it terminates, it computes a correct answer, and (2) it always terminates when
the input is robust. A formula is robust, if its satisfiability does not change
under small perturbations. As a basic tool for our algorithm we use the notion
of degree from the field of (differential) topology.


title:
X-ray Thomson scattering for partially ionized plasmas including the
  effect of bound levels

abstract:
  X-ray Thomson scattering is being developed as a method to measure the
temperature, electron density, and ionization state of high energy density
plasmas such as those used in inertial confinement fusion. Most experiments are
currently done at large laser facilities that can create bright X-ray sources,
however the advent of the X-ray free electron laser (X-FEL) provides a new
bright source to use in these experiments. One challenge with X-ray Thomson
scattering experiments is understanding how to model the scattering for
partially ionized plasmas in order to include the contributions of the bound
electrons in the scattered intensity. In this work we take the existing models
of Thomson scattering that include elastic ion-ion scattering and the
electron-electron plasmon scattering and add the contribution of the bound
electrons in the partially ionized plasmas. We validated our model by analyzing
existing beryllium experimental data. We then consider several higher Z
materials such as Cr and predict the existence of additional peaks in the
scattering spectrum that requires new computational tools to understand. We
also show examples of experiments in CH and Al that have bound contributions
that change the shape of the scattered spectra.


title: Exact holographic mapping and emergent space-time geometry

abstract:
  In this paper, we propose an {\it exact holographic mapping} which is a
unitary mapping from the Hilbert space of a lattice system in flat space
(boundary) to that of another lattice system in one higher dimension (bulk). By
defining the distance in the bulk system from two-point correlation functions,
we obtain an emergent bulk space-time geometry that is determined by the
boundary state and the mapping. As a specific example, we study the exact
holographic mapping for $(1+1)$-dimensional lattice Dirac fermions and explore
the emergent bulk geometry corresponding to different boundary states including
massless and massive states at zero temperature, and the massless system at
finite temperature. We also study two entangled one-dimensional chains and show
that the corresponding bulk geometry consists of two asymptotic regions
connected by a worm-hole. The quantum quench of the coupled chains is mapped to
dynamics of the worm-hole. In the end we discuss the general procedure of
applying this approach to interacting systems, and other open questions.


title:
Ergodic Properties of Discrete Dynamical Systems and Enveloping
  Semigroups

abstract:
  For a continuous semicascade on a metrizable compact set $\Omega $, we
consider the weak$^{*}$ convergence of generalized operator ergodic means in
${\rm End}\, \, C^{*} (\Omega)$. We discuss conditions on the dynamical system
under which (a) every ergodic net contains a convergent subsequence; (b) all
ergodic nets converge; (c) all ergodic sequences converge. We study the
relationships between the convergence of ergodic means and the properties of
transitivity of the proximality relation on $\Omega$, minimality of supports of
ergodic measures, and uniqueness of minimal sets in the closure of trajectories
of a semicascade.
  These problems are solved in terms of three algebraic-topological objects
associated with the dynamical system: the Ellis enveloping semigroup, the
K\"{o}hler operator semigroup $\Gamma $, and the semigroup $G$ that is the
weak$^{*} $ closure of the convex hull of $\Gamma $ in ${\rm End}\, C^{*}
(\Omega)$. The main results are stated for ordinary semicascades (whose Ellis
semigroup is metrizable) and tame semicascades. For a dynamics, being ordinary
is equivalent to being "nonchaotic" in an appropriate sense. We present a
classification of compact dynamical systems in terms of topological properties
of the above-mentioned semigroups.