title:
Trawling for transits in a sea of noise: A Search for Exoplanets by
  Analysis of WASP Optical Lightcurves and Follow-up (SEAWOLF)

abstract:
  Studies of transiting Neptune-size planets orbiting close to nearby bright
stars can inform theories of planet formation because mass and radius and
therefore mean density can be accurately estimated and compared with interior
models. The distribution of such planets with stellar mass and orbital period
relative to their Jovian-mass counterparts can test scenarios of orbital
migration, and whether "hot" (period < 10d) Neptunes evolved from "hot"
Jupiters as a result of mass loss. We searched 1763 late K and early M dwarf
stars for transiting Neptunes by analyzing photometry from the Wide Angle
Search for Planets and obtaining high-precision ($<10^{-3}$) follow-up
photometry of stars with candidate transit signals. One star in our sample (GJ
436) hosts a previously reported hot Neptune. We identified 92 candidate
signals among 80 other stars and carried out 148 observations of predicted
candidate transits with 1-2 m telescopes. Data on 70 WASP signals rules out
transits for 39 of them; 28 other signals are ambiguous and/or require more
data. Three systems have transit-like events in follow-up photometry and we
plan additional follow-up observations. On the basis of no confirmed detections
in our survey, we place an upper limit of 10.25% on the occurrence of hot
Neptunes around late K and early M dwarfs (95% confidence). A single confirmed
detection would translate to an occurrence of 5.3$\pm$4.4%. The latter figure
is similar to that from Doppler surveys, suggesting that GJ 436b may be the
only transiting hot Neptune in our sample. Our analysis of Kepler data for
similar but more distant late-type dwarfs yields an occurrence of
0.32$\pm$0.21%. Depending on which occurrence is applicable, we estimate that
the Next Generation Transit Survey will discover either ~60 or ~1000 hot
Neptunes around late K and early M-type dwarfs.


title:
Angular Momenta, Dynamical Masses, and Mergers of Brightest Cluster
  Galaxies

abstract:
  Using the VIMOS Integral Field Unit (IFU) spectrograph on the Very Large
Telescope (VLT), we have spatially mapped the kinematic properties of 10 nearby
Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) and 4 BCG companion galaxies located within a
redshift of $z=0.1$. In the hierarchical formation model, these massive
galaxies $(10^{10.5} M_{\odot} < M_{dyn} < 10^{11.9} M_{\odot})$ are expected
to undergo more mergers than lower mass galaxies, and simulations show that dry
minor mergers can remove angular momentum. We test whether BCGs have low
angular momenta by using the $\lambda_{Re}$ parameter developed by the SAURON
and ATLAS\textsuperscript{3D} teams and combine our kinematics with Sloan
Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometry to analyze the BCGs' merger status. We
find that 30% (3/10) of the BCGs and 100% of the companion galaxies (4/4) are
fast rotators as defined by the ATLAS\textsuperscript{3D} criteria. Our fastest
rotating BCG has a $\lambda_{Re}=0.35\pm0.05$. We increase the number of BCGs
analyzed from 1 in the combined SAURON and ATLAS\textsuperscript{3D} surveys to
11 BCGs total and find that above $M_{dyn}\sim11.5 M_{\odot}$, virtually all
galaxies regardless of environment are slow rotators. To search for signs of
recent merging, we analyze the photometry of each system and use the $G-M_{20}$
selection criteria to identify mergers. We find that $40\pm20$% of our BCGs are
currently undergoing or have recently undergone a merger (within 0.2 Gyrs).
Surprisingly, we find no correlation between galaxies with high angular
momentum and morphological signatures of merging.


title:
Detection of a High Brightness Temperature Radio Core in the AGN-Driven
  Molecular Outflow Candidate NGC 1266

abstract:
  We present new high spatial resolution Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA)
HI absorption and Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) continuum observations of the
Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN)-driven molecular outflow candidate NGC 1266.
Although other well-known systems with molecular outflows may be driven by star
formation in a central molecular disk, the molecular mass outflow rate reported
in Alatalo et al. (2011) in NGC 1266 of 13 M$_{\odot}$ year$^{-1}$ exceeds star
formation rate estimates from a variety of tracers. This suggests that an
additional energy source, such as an AGN, may play a significant role in
powering the outflow. Our high spatial resolution HI absorption data reveal
compact absorption against the radio continuum core co-located with the
putative AGN, and the presence of a blueshifted spectral component re-affirms
that gas is indeed flowing out of the system. Our VLBA observations at 1.65 GHz
reveal one continuum source within the densest portion of the molecular gas,
with a diameter d < 8 mas (1.2 pc), a radio power $P_{\mathrm{rad}}$ = 1.48
$\times$ 10$^{20}$ W Hz$^{-1}$, and a brightness temperature $T_{\mathrm{b}}$ >
1.5 x 10$^7$ K that is most consistent with an AGN origin. The radio continuum
energetics implied by the compact VLBA source, as well as archival VLA
continuum observations at lower spatial resolution, further support the
possibility that the AGN in NGC 1266 could be driving the molecular outflow.
These findings suggest that even low-level AGNs may be able to launch massive
outflows in their host galaxies.


title:
Spectropolarimetry with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope at 610 MHz:
  a case study of two Southern Compact Group fields

abstract:
  We present 610 MHz spectropolarimetric images from the Giant Metrewave Radio
Telescope (GMRT). We discuss the properties of the GMRT's full-polarisation
mode in detail and provide a technical characterisation of the instrument's
polarisation performance. We show that the telescope can be used for wide-field
spectropolarimetry. The application of Rotation Measure Synthesis results in a
sensitivity at the level of tens of micro-Jy in Faraday space. As a
demonstration of the instrument's capabilities, we present observations of two
Southern Compact Groups - the Grus Quartet and USCG S063. The observations are
compared with other radio and infra-red data to constrain the group members'
spectral index, polarisation fraction, and Faraday depth. Radio continuum
emission is detected from all four galaxies in the Grus Quartet and one galaxy
in USCG S063. Linear polarisation is detected from a circumnuclear starburst
ring in NGC 7552, the active nucleus of NGC 7582, and three extended radio
galaxies in the background of the Grus Quartet field. These background sources
allow for the classification of an FR-I and an X-shaped radio galaxy. No
evidence is found for interaction with the intragroup medium in either galaxy
group.


title: Holographic collisions in confining theories

abstract:
  We study the gravitational dual of a high-energy collision in a confining
gauge theory. We consider a linearized approach in which two point particles
traveling in an AdS-soliton background suddenly collide to form an object at
rest (presumably a black hole for large enough center-of-mass energies). The
resulting radiation exhibits the features expected in a theory with a mass gap:
late-time power law tails of the form t^(-3/2), the failure of Huygens'
principle and distortion of the wave pattern as it propagates. The energy
spectrum is exponentially suppressed for frequencies smaller than the gauge
theory mass gap. Consequently, we observe no memory effect in the gravitational
waveforms. At larger frequencies the spectrum has an upward-stairway structure,
which corresponds to the excitation of the tower of massive states in the
confining gauge theory. We discuss the importance of phenomenological cutoffs
to regularize the divergent spectrum, and the aspects of the full non-linear
collision that are expected to be captured by our approach.


title:
The Mass-Radius Relationship for Very Low Mass Stars: Four New
  Discoveries from the HATSouth Survey

abstract:
  We report the discovery of four transiting F-M binary systems with companions
between 0.1-0.2 Msun in mass by the HATSouth survey. These systems have been
characterised via a global analysis of the HATSouth discovery data, combined
with high-resolution radial velocities and accurate transit photometry
observations. We determined the masses and radii of the component stars using a
combination of two methods: isochrone fitting of spectroscopic primary star
parameters, and equating spectroscopic primary star rotation velocity with
spin-orbit synchronisation. These new very low mass companions are HATS550-016B
(0.110 -0.006/+0.005 Msun, 0.147 -0.004/+0.003 Rsun), HATS551-019B (0.17
-0.01/+0.01 Msun, 0.18 -0.01/+0.01 Rsun), HATS551-021B (0.132 -0.005/+0.014
Msun, 0.154 -0.008/+0.006 Rsun), HATS553-001B (0.20 -0.02/+0.01 Msun, 0.22
-0.01/+0.01 Rsun). We examine our sample in the context of the radius anomaly
for fully-convective low mass stars. Combining our sample with the 13 other
well-studied very low mass stars, we find a tentative 5% systematic deviation
between the measured radii and theoretical isochrone models.


title: Decelerating cosmologies are de-scramblers

abstract:
  Stationary observers in static spacetimes see falling objects spread
exponentially fast, or fast-scramble, near event horizons. We generalize this
picture to arbitrary cosmological horizons. We give examples of exponential
fast-scrambling and power-law scrambling and "de-scrambling" as charges
propagate freely near a horizon. In particular we show that when the universe
is decelerating, information hidden behind the apparent horizon is de-scrambled
as it re-enters the view of the observer. In contrast to the de Sitter case,
the power-law scaling suggests that the microscopic dynamics of the horizon are
local.


title: Yukawa Corrections to Higgs Production in Top Partner Models

abstract:
  Higgs production from gluon fusion is sensitive to the properties of heavy
colored fermions and to the Yukawa couplings, (Y_F M_F)/v, of these particles
to the Higgs boson. We compute the two--loop, ${\cal O}((Y_F M_F)^3/v^3)$
contributions of new high mass fermions to Higgs production. In the Standard
Model, these contributions are part of the well-known electroweak corrections
and are negligible. However, in models with TeV scale fermions, such as top
partner or composite models, Yukawa corrections are enhanced by effects of
${\cal O}((Y_F M_F)^3/v^3)$ and are potentially significant due to the large
mass of the new quarks. We examine the size of these top partner Yukawa
corrections to Higgs production for parameter choices which are allowed by
precision electroweak constraints.


title:
Bulk-Defect Correspondence in Particle-Hole Symmetric Insulators and
  Semimetals

abstract:
  Lattices with a basis can host crystallographic defects which share the same
topological charge (e.g.~the Burgers vector $\vec b$ of a dislocation) but
differ in their microscopic structure of the core. We demonstrate that in
insulators with particle-hole symmetry and an odd number of orbitals per site,
the microscopic details drastically affect the electronic structure:
modifications can create or annihilate non-trivial bound states with an
associated fractional charge. We show that this observation is related to the
behavior of end modes of a dimerized chain and discuss how the end or defect
states are predicted from topological invariants in these more complicated
cases. Furthermore, using explicit examples on the honeycomb lattice, we
explain how bound states in vacancies, dislocations and disclinations are
related to each other and to edge modes and how similar features arise in nodal
semimetals such as graphene.


title: Revisiting a theorem on multifunctions of one real variable

abstract:
  In this paper, we intend to revisit Theorem 2 of [3] formulating it in a way
that, weakening the hypotheses and, at the same time, highlighting the richer
conclusion allowed by the proof, it can potentially be applicable to a broader
range of different situations. Samples of such applications are also given.


title:
Fault-Tolerant Measurement-Based Quantum Computing with
  Continuous-Variable Cluster States

abstract:
  A long-standing open question about Gaussian continuous-variable cluster
states is whether they enable fault-tolerant measurement-based quantum
computation. The answer is yes. Initial squeezing in the cluster above a
threshold value of 20.5 dB ensures that errors from finite squeezing acting on
encoded qubits are below the fault-tolerance threshold of known qubit-based
error-correcting codes. By concatenating with one of these codes and using
ancilla-based error correction, fault-tolerant measurement-based quantum
computation of theoretically indefinite length is possible with finitely
squeezed cluster states.


title: How Fabulous Is Fab 5 Cosmology?

abstract:
  Extended gravity origins for cosmic acceleration can solve some fine tuning
issues and have useful characteristics, but generally have little to say
regarding the cosmological constant problem. Fab 5 gravity can be ghost free
and stable, have attractor solutions in the past and future, and possess self
tuning that solves the original cosmological constant problem. Here we show
however it does not possess all these qualities at the same time. We also
demonstrate that the self tuning is so powerful that it not only cancels the
cosmological constant but also all other energy density, and we derive the
scalings of its approach to a renormalized de Sitter cosmology. While this
strong cancellation is bad for the late universe, it greatly eases early
universe inflation.


title:
Multipartite Nonlocality as a Resource and Quantum Correlations Having
  Indefinite Causal Order

abstract:
  The characterization of quantum correlations in terms of
information-theoretic resource has been a fruitful approach to understand the
power of quantum correlations as a resource. While bipartite entanglement and
Bell inequality violation in this setting have been extensively studied,
relatively little is known about their multipartite counterpart. In this paper,
we apply and adapt the recently proposed definitions of multipartite
nonlocality [Phys. Rev. A 88, 014102] to the three- and four-partite scenario
to gain new insight on the resource aspect of multipartite nonlocal quantum
correlations. Specifically, we show that reproducing certain tripartite quantum
correlations requires mixtures of classical resources --- be it the ability to
change the groupings or the time orderings of measurements. Thus, when seen
from the perspective of biseparable one-way classical signaling resources,
certain tripartite quantum correlations do not admit a definite causal order.
In the four- partite scenario, we obtain a superset description of the set of
biseparable correlations which can be produced by allowing two groups of
bipartite non-signaling resources. Quantum violation of the resulting Bell-like
inequalities are investigated. As a byproduct, we obtain some new examples of
device-independent witnesses for genuine four-partite entanglement, and also
device-independent witnesses that allows one to infer the structure of the
underlying multipartite entanglement.


title: Emergent Collectivity in Nuclei and Enhanced Proton-Neutron Interactions

abstract:
  Enhanced proton-neutron interactions occur in heavy nuclei along a trajectory
of approximately equal numbers of valence protons and neutrons. This is also
closely aligned with the trajectory of the saturation of quadrupole
deformation. The origin of these enhanced p-n interactions is discussed in
terms of spatial overlaps of proton and neutron wave functions that are
orbit-dependent. It is suggested for the first time that nuclear collectivity
is driven by synchronized filling of protons and neutrons with orbitals having
parallel spins, identical orbital and total angular momenta projections,
belonging to adjacent major shells and differing by one quantum of excitation
along the z-axis. These results may lead to a new approach to symmetry-based
theoretical calculations for heavy nuclei.


title: Leptonic Monotops at LHC

abstract:
  We study the possibility of detecting New Physics (NP) phenomena at the LHC
through a new search strategy looking at the monotop (top plus missing energy)
signature which is common to a variety of NP models. We focus on the leptonic
top decay mode and study the discovery or exclusion reach of the 2012 LHC data
for three example models. Contrary to the hadronic mode, in this case the
problematic QCD multijet background can be safely neglected. We find that the
key kinematic variable to suppress most of the remaining SM backgrounds is the
transverse mass of the charged lepton and missing energy. In fact, one could
expect that the single-top production measurements already address the monotop
signature in this mode. This is however not the case because in the SM
single-top production the transverse mass has an end point determined by the W
mass, while the NP signals typically have an additional source of missing
energy. We compare, under the same conditions, our monotop search strategy with
existing single-top measurements and find a considerable improvement in the
monotop signature reach.


title: Higgs Boson Cross Section from CTEQ-TEA Global Analysis

abstract:
  We study the uncertainties of the Higgs boson production cross section
through the gluon fusion subprocess at the LHC (with $\sqrt s=7, 8$ and $14$
TeV) arising from the uncertainties of the parton distribution functions (PDFs)
and of the value of the strong coupling constant $\alpha_s(M_Z)$. These
uncertainties are computed by two complementary approaches, based on the
Hessian and the Lagrange Multiplier methods within the CTEQ-TEA global analysis
framework. We find that their predictions for the Higgs boson cross section are
in good agreement. Furthermore, the result of the Lagrange Multiplier method
supports the prescriptions we have previously provided for using the Hessian
method to calculate the combined PDF and $\alpha_s$ uncertainties, and to
estimate the uncertainties at the $68\%$ confidence level by scaling them from
the $90\%$ confidence level.


title:
Environments and Morphologies of Red Sequence Galaxies with Residual
  Star Formation in Massive Clusters

abstract:
  We present a photometric investigation into recent star formation in galaxy
clusters at z ~ 0.1. We use spectral energy distribution templates to quantify
recent star formation in large X-ray selected clusters from the LARCS survey
using matched GALEX NUV photometry. These clusters all have signs of red
sequence galaxy recent star formation (as indicated by blue NUV-R colour),
regardless of cluster morphology and size. A trend in environment is found for
these galaxies, such that they prefer to occupy low density, high cluster
radius environments. The morphology of these UV bright galaxies suggests that
they are in fact red spirals, which we confirm with light curves and Galaxy Zoo
voting percentages as morphological proxies. These UV bright galaxies are
therefore seen to be either truncated spiral galaxies, caught by ram pressure
in falling into the cluster, or high mass spirals, with the photometry
dominated by the older stellar population.


title:
Probing Large-Angle Correlations with the Microwave Background
  Temperature and Lensing Cross Correlation

abstract:
  A lack of correlations in the microwave background temperature between sky
directions separated by angles larger than 60 degrees has recently been
confirmed by data from the Planck satellite. This feature arises as a random
occurrence within the standard LCDM cosmological model less than 0.3 per cent
of the time, but so far no other compelling theory to explain this observation
has been proposed. Here we investigate the theoretical cross-correlation
function between microwave background temperature and the gravitational lensing
potential of the microwave background, which in contrast to the temperature
correlation function depends strongly on gravitational potential fluctuations
interior to our Hubble volume. For standard LCDM cosmology, we generate random
sky realizations of the microwave temperature and gravitational lensing,
subject to the constraint that the temperature correlation function matches
observations, and compare with random skies lacking this constraint. The
distribution of large-angle temperature-lensing correlation functions in these
two cases is different, and the two cases can be clearly distinguished in
around 40 per cent of model realizations. We present an a priori procedure for
using similar large-angle correlations between other types of data, to
determine whether the lack of large-angle correlations is a statistical fluke
or points to a shortcoming of the standard cosmological model.


title:
Self-controlled growth, coherent shrinkage, eternal life in a
  self-bounded space and other amazing evolutionary dynamics of stochastic
  pattern formation and growth models inspired by Conways Game of Life

abstract:
  Results of experimental investigation are presented of evolutionary dynamics
of several stochastic pattern formation and growth models designed by
modifications of the famous mathematical Game of Life. The modifications are
two-fold: Game of Life rules are made stochastic and mutual influence of
neighboring cells is made non-uniform. The results reveal a number of new
phenomena in the evolutionary dynamics of the models: - Ordering of chaos to
maze-like patterns: evolutionary formation, from arbitrary seed patterns, of
stable maze-like patterns with chaotic dislocations that resemble natural
patterns frequently found in the nature, such as skin patterns of some animals.
The remarkable property of these patterns is their capability of unlimited
growth, self-healing and transplantation. - Self-controlled growth of chaotic
live formations into communities bounded, depending on the model, by a square,
hexagon or octagon, until they reach a certain critical size, after which the
growth stops. - Coherent shrinkage of mature, after reaching a certain size,
communities into one of stable or oscillating patterns preserving in this
process isomorphism of their bounding shapes until the very end. - Eternal life
in a self-bounded space of communities: seemingly permanent birth/death
activity of communities after they reach a certain size and shape.


title: Fourier transform of fermionic systems and the spectral tensor network

abstract:
  Leveraging the decomposability of the fast Fourier transform, I propose a new
class of tensor network that is efficiently contractible and able to represent
many-body systems with local entanglement that is greater than the area law.
Translationally invariant systems of free fermions in arbitrary dimensions as
well as 1D systems solved by the Jordan-Wigner transformation are shown to be
exactly represented in this class. Further, it is proposed that these tensor
networks be used as generic structures to variationally describe more
complicated systems, such as interacting fermions. This class shares some
similarities with Evenbly & Vidal's branching MERA, but with some important
differences and greatly reduced computational demands.


title: MOND and IMF variations in early-type galaxies from $ATLAS^{3D}$

abstract:
  MOdified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) represents a phenomenological alternative
to dark matter (DM) for the missing mass problem in galaxies and clusters of
galaxies. We analyze the central regions of a local sample of $\sim 220$
early-type galaxies from the $\rm ATLAS^{3D}$ survey, to see if the data can be
reproduced without recourse to DM. We estimate dynamical masses in the MOND
context through Jeans analysis, and compare to $\rm ATLAS^{3D}$ stellar masses
from stellar population synthesis. We find that the observed stellar
mass--velocity dispersion relation is steeper than expected assuming MOND with
a fixed stellar initial mass function (IMF) and a standard value for the
acceleration parameter $a_{\rm 0}$. Turning from the space of observables to
model space, a) fixing the IMF, a universal value for $a_{\rm 0}$ cannot be
fitted, while, b) fixing $a_{\rm 0}$ and leaving the IMF free to vary, we find
that it is "lighter" (Chabrier-like) for low-dispersion galaxies, and "heavier"
(Salpeter-like) for high dispersions. This MOND-based trend matches inferences
from Newtonian dynamics with DM, and from detailed analysis of spectral
absorption lines, adding to the converging lines of evidence for a
systematically-varying IMF.


title: An Error Analysis of Some Higher Order Space-Time Moving Finite Elements

abstract:
  This is a study of certain finite element methods designed for
convection-dominated, time-dependent partial differential equations.
Specifically, we analyze high order space-time tensor product finite element
discretizations, used in a method of lines approach coupled with mesh
modification to solve linear partial differential equations. Mesh modification
can be both continuous (moving meshes) and discrete (static rezone). These
methods can lead to significant savings in computation costs for problems
having solutions that develop steep moving fronts or other localized
time-dependent features of interest. Our main result is a symmetric a priori
error estimate for the finite element solution computed in this setting.


title:
Symmetric polynomials and non-finitely generated $Sym (\mathbb
  N)$-invariant ideals

abstract:
  Let $K$ be a field and let $\mathbb N = \{1,2, \dots \}$. Let $R_n=K[x_{ij}
\mid 1\le i\le n, j\in \mathbb N]$ be the ring of polynomials in $x_{ij}$ $(1
\le i \le n, j \in \mathbb N)$ over $K$. Let $S_n = Sym (\{1,2, \ldots, n \})$
and $Sym (\mathbb N)$ be the groups of the permutations of the sets
$\{1,2,\dots, n \}$ and $\mathbb N$, respectively. Then $S_n$ and $Sym (\mathbb
N)$ act on $R_n$ in a natural way: $\tau (x_{ij})=x_{\tau(i)j}$ and $\sigma
(x_{ij})=x_{i\sigma (j)}$ for all $\tau \in S_n$ and $\sigma \in Sym(\mathbb
N)$. Let $\overline{R}_n$ be the subalgebra of the symmetric polynomials in
$R_n$, \[ \overline{R}_n = \{f \in R_n \mid \tau (f) = f \mbox{for each} \tau
\in S_n \} . \] In 1992 the second author proved that if $char (K)= 0$ or
$char(K)=p > n$ then every $Sym (\mathbb N)$-invariant ideal in
$\overline{R}_n$ is finitely generated (as such). In this note we prove that
this is not the case if $char (K)=p\le n$.
  We also survey some results about $Sym (\mathbb N)$-invariant ideals in
polynomial algebras and some related results.


title:
Fermi Bubbles under Dark Matter Scrutiny Part II: Particle Physics
  Analysis

abstract:
  The analysis of the gamma-ray photons collected by the Fermi Large Area
Telescope reveals, after removal of astrophysical background, the existence of
an excess towards the Galactic center. This excess peaks around few GeV, and
its origin is compatible with the gamma-ray flux originating from Dark Matter
annihilation. In this work we take a closer look on this interpretation; we
investigate which kind of Dark Matter, and which type of interactions with the
Standard Model fields are able to reproduce the observed signal. The structure
of the paper is twofold. In the first part, we follow an effective field theory
approach considering both fermionic and scalar Dark Matter. The computation of
the relic density, the constraint imposed from the null result of direct
searches, and the reliability of the effective field theory description allow
us to single out only two viable dim-6 operators in the case of fermionic Dark
Matter. In the second part, we analyze some concrete models. In particular, we
find that the scalar Higgs portal can provide a simple, concrete and realistic
scenario able to explain the GeV excess under scrutiny.


title: Distributed Reinforcement Learning via Gossip

abstract:
  We consider the classical TD(0) algorithm implemented on a network of agents
wherein the agents also incorporate the updates received from neighboring
agents using a gossip-like mechanism. The combined scheme is shown to converge
for both discounted and average cost problems.


title:
Generalized Time Integration Schemes for Space-Time Moving Finite
  Elements

abstract:
  In this paper, we analyze and provide numerical illustrations for a moving
finite element method applied to convection-dominated, time-dependent partial
differential equations. We follow a method of lines approach and utilize an
underlying tensor-product finite element space that permits the mesh to evolve
continuously in time and undergo discontinuous reconfigurations at discrete
time steps. We employ the TR-BDF2 method as the time integrator for piecewise
quadratic tensor-product spaces, and provide an almost symmetric error estimate
for the procedure. Our numerical results validate the efficacy of these moving
finite elements.


title:
Regularizing Effect of the Forward Energy Cascade in the Inviscid Dyadic
  Model

abstract:
  We study the inviscid dyadic model of the Euler equations and prove some
regularizing properties of the nonlinear term that occur due to forward energy
cascade. We show every solution must have 3/5 L^2-based (or 1/10 L^3-based)
regularity for all positive time. We conjecture this holds up to Onsager's
scaling, where the L^2-based exponent is 5/6 and the L^3-based exponent is 1/3.


title:
Coulomb-driven organization and enhancement of spin-orbit fields in
  collective spin excitations

abstract:
  Spin-orbit (SO) fields in a spin-polarized electron gas are studied by
angle-resolved inelastic light scattering on a CdMnTe quantum well. We
demonstrate a striking organization and enhancement of SO fields acting on the
collective spin excitation (spin-flip wave). While individual electronic SO
fields have a broadly distributed momentum dependence, giving rise to
D'yakonov-Perel' dephasing, the collective spin dynamics is governed by a
single collective SO field which is drastically enhanced due to many-body
effects. The enhancement factor is experimentally determined. These results
provide a powerful indication that these constructive phenomena are universal
to collective spin excitations of conducting systems.


title:
Auto-chemotactic micro-swimmer suspensions: modeling, analysis and
  simulations

abstract:
  Microorganisms can preferentially orient and move along gradients of a
chemo-attractant (i.e., chemotax) while colonies of many microorganisms can
collectively undergo complex dynamics in response to chemo-attractants that
they themselves produce. For colonies or groups of micro-swimmers we
investigate how an "auto-chemotactic" response that should lead to swimmer
aggregation is affected by the non-trivial fluid flows that are generated by
collective swimming. For this, we consider chemotaxis models based upon a
hydrodynamic theory of motile suspensions that are fully coupled to
chemo-attractant production, transport, and diffusion. Linear analysis of
isotropically ordered suspensions reveals both an aggregative instability due
to chemotaxis that occurs independently of swimmer type, and a hydrodynamic
instability when the swimmers are "pushers". Nonlinear simulations show
nonetheless that hydrodynamic interactions can significantly modify the
chemotactically-driven aggregation dynamics in suspensions of "pushers" or
"pullers". Different states of the dynamics resulting from these coupled
interactions in the colony are discussed.


title: Rescaled Magnetization for Critical Bipartite Mean-Fields Models

abstract:
  We consider a bipartite generalization of the Curie-Weiss model in a critical
regime. In order to study the asymptotic behavior of the random vector of the
total magnetization we apply the change of variables that diagonalizes the
Hessian matrix of the pressure functional associated to the model. We obtain a
new vector that, suitably rescaled, weakly converges to the product of a
Gaussian distribution and a distribution proportional to $\exp(-\xi x^{4})$,
where the positive constant $\xi$ can be computed from the pressure functional.


title: Data Framing Attack on State Estimation

abstract:
  A new mechanism aimed at misleading a power system control center about the
source of a data attack is proposed. As a man-in-the-middle state attack, a
data framing attack is proposed to exploit the bad data detection and
identification mechanisms currently in use at most control centers. In
particular, the proposed attack frames meters that are providing correct data
as sources of bad data such that the control center will remove useful
measurements that would otherwise be used by the state estimator.
  The optimal design of a data framing attack is formulated as a quadratically
constrained quadratic program (QCQP). It is shown that the proposed attack is
capable of perturbing the power system state estimate by an arbitrary degree
controlling only half of a critical set of measurements that are needed to make
a system unobservable. Implications of this attack on power system operations
are discussed, and the attack performance is evaluated using benchmark systems.


title: Lattice instabilities in bulk EuTiO3

abstract:
  The phase purity and the lattice dynamics in bulk EuTiO3 were investigated
both microscopically, using X-ray and neutron diffraction, 151-Eu-M\"ossbauer
spectroscopy, and 151-Eu nuclear inelastic scattering, and macroscopically
using calorimetry, resonant ultrasound spectroscopy, and magnetometry.
Furthermore, our investigations were corroborated by ab initio theoretical
studies. The perovskite symmetry, Pm-3m, is unstable at the M- and R- points of
the Brillouin zone. The lattice instabilities are lifted when the structure
relaxes in one of the symmetries: I4/mcm, Imma, R-3c with relative relaxation
energy around -25 meV. Intimate phase analysis confirmed phase purity of our
ceramics. A prominent peak in the Eu specific density of phonon states at 11.5
meV can be modelled in all candidate symmetries. A stiffening on heating around
room temperature is indicative of a phase transition similar to the one
observed in SrTiO3, however, although previous studies reported the structural
phase transition to tetragonal I4/mcm phase our detailed sample purity analysis
and thorough structural studies using complementary techniques did not confirm
a direct phase transition. Instead, in the same temperature range, Eu
delocalization is observed which might explain the lattice dynamical
instabilities.


title:
Fulde-Ferrell states and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase
  transition in two-dimensional imbalanced Fermi gases

abstract:
  We study the superfluid properties of two-dimensional
spin-population-imbalanced Fermi gases to explore the interplay between the
Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) phase transition and the possible
instability towards the Fulde-Ferrell (FF) state. By the mean-field
approximation together with quantum fluctuations, we obtain phase diagrams as
functions of temperature, chemical potential imbalance and binding energy. We
find that the fluctuations change the mean-field phase diagram significantly.
We also address possible effects of the phase separation and/or the anisotropic
FF phase to the BKT mechanism. The superfluid density tensor of the FF state is
obtained, and its transverse component is found always vanishing. This causes
divergent fluctuations and possibly precludes the existence of the FF state at
any non-zero temperature.


title: Stable and flexible system for glucose homeostasis

abstract:
  Pancreatic islets, controlling glucose homeostasis, consist of \alpha, \beta,
and \delta\ cells. It has been observed that \alpha\ and \beta\ cells generate
out-of-phase synchronization in the release of glucagon and insulin,
counter-regulatory hormones for increasing and decreasing glucose levels, while
\beta\ and \delta\ cells produce in-phase synchronization in the release of the
insulin and somatostatin. Pieces of interactions between the islet cells have
been observed for a long time, although their physiological role as a whole has
not been explored yet. We model the synchronized hormone pulses of islets with
coupled phase oscillators that incorporate the observed cellular interactions.
The integrated model shows that the interaction from \beta\ to \delta\ cells,
of which sign has controversial reports, should be positive to reproduce the
in-phase synchronization between \beta\ and \delta\ cells. The model also
suggests that \delta\ cells help the islet system flexibly respond to changes
of glucose environment.


title: High-resolution spectropolarimetric of k Cet: A proxy for the young Sun

abstract:
  Among the solar proxies studied in the Sun in Time k Cet (HD 20630) stands
out as potentially having a mass very close to solar and a young age. On this
study, we monitored the magnetic field and the chromospheric activity from the
Ca II H & K lines of k Cet. We used the Least-Square-Deconvolution (LSD, Donati
et al. 1997) by simultaneously extracting the information contained in all
8,000 photospheric lines of the echelogram (K1 type star). To reconstruct a
reliable magnetic map and characterize the surface differential rotation of k
Cet we used 14 exposures spread over 2 months, in order to cover at least two
rotational cycles (Prot ~ 9.2 days). The LSD technique was applied to detect
the Zeeman signature of the magnetic field in each of our 14 observations and
to measure its longitudinal component. In order to reconstruct the magnetic
field geometry of k Cet, we applied the Zeeman Doppler Imaging (ZDI) inversion
method. ZDI revealed a structure in the radial magnetic field consisting of a
polar magnetic spot. On this study, we present the fisrt look results of a
high-resolution spectropolarimetric campaign to characterize the activity and
the magnetic fields of this young solar proxy.


title:
Deep near-infrared imaging of W3 Main: constraints on stellar cluster
  formation

abstract:
  Embedded clusters like W3 Main are complex and dynamically evolving systems
that represent an important phase of the star formation process. We aim at the
characterization of the entire stellar content of W3 Main in a statistical
sense to identify possible differences in evolutionary phase of the stellar
populations and find clues about the formation mechanism of this massive
embedded cluster. Methods. Deep JHKs imaging is used to derive the disk
fraction, Ks-band luminosity functions and mass functions for several
subregions in W3 Main. A two dimensional completeness analysis using artificial
star experiments is applied as a crucial ingredient to assess realistic
completeness limits for our photometry. We find an overall disk fraction of 7.7
$\pm$ 2.3%, radially varying from 9.4 $\pm$ 3.0 % in the central 1 pc to 5.6
$\pm$ 2.2 % in the outer parts of W3 Main. The mass functions derived for three
subregions are consistent with a Kroupa and Chabrier mass function. The mass
function of IRSN3 is complete down to 0.14 Msun and shows a break at M $\sim$
0.5 Msun. We interpret the higher disk fraction in the center as evidence for a
younger age of the cluster center. We find that the evolutionary sequence
observed in the low-mass stellar population is consistent with the observed age
spread among the massive stars. An analysis of the mass function variations
does not show evidence for mass segregation. W3 Main is currently still
actively forming stars, showing that the ionizing feedback of OB stars is
confined to small areas ($\sim$ 0.5 pc). The FUV feedback might be influencing
large regions of the cluster as suggested by the low overall disk fraction.


title: On genus expansion of superpolynomials

abstract:
  Recently it was shown that the (Ooguri-Vafa) generating function of HOMFLY
polynomials is the Hurwitz partition function, i.e. that the dependence of the
HOMFLY polynomials on representation R is naturally captured by symmetric group
characters (cut-and-join eigenvalues). The genus expansion and expansion
through Vassiliev invariants explicitly demonstrate this phenomenon. In the
present letter we claim that the superpolynomials are not functions of such a
type: symmetric group characters do not provide an adequate linear basis for
their expansions. Deformation to superpolynomials is, however, straightforward
in the multiplicative basis: the Casimir operators are \beta-deformed to
Hamiltonians of the Calogero-Moser-Sutherland system. Applying this trick to
the genus and Vassiliev expansions, we observe that the deformation is fully
straightforward only for the thin knots. Beyond the family of thin knots
additional algebraically independent terms appear in the Vassiliev and genus
expansions. This can suggest that the superpolynomials do in fact contain more
information about knots than the colored HOMFLY and Kauffman polynomials.
However, even for the thin knots the beta-deformation is non-innocent: already
in the simplest examples it seems inconsistent with the postivity of colored
superpolynomials in non-(anti)symmetric representations, which also happens in
I.Cherednik's (DAHA-based) approach to the torus knots.


title: Detecting Fast solvability of equations via small powerful Galois groups

abstract:
  Fix an odd prime $p$, and let $F$ be a field containing a primitive $p$th
root of unity. It is known that a $p$-rigid field $F$ is characterized by the
property that the Galois group $G_F(p)$ of the maximal $p$-extension $F(p)/F$
is a solvable group. We give a new characterization of $p$-rigidity which says
that a field $F$ is $p$-rigid precisely when two fundamental canonical
quotients of the absolute Galois groups coincide. This condition is further
related to analytic $p$-adic groups and to some Galois modules. When $F$ is
$p$-rigid, we also show that it is possible to solve for the roots of any
irreducible polynomials in $F[X]$ whose splitting field over $F$ has a
$p$-power degree via non-nested radicals. We provide new direct proofs for
hereditary $p$-rigidity, together with some characterizations for $G_F(p)$ --
including a complete description for such a group and for the action of it on
$F(p)$ -- in the case $F$ is $p$-rigid.


title: The reduced knot Floer complex

abstract:
  We define a "reduced" version of the knot Floer complex $CFK^-(K)$, and show
that it behaves well under connected sums and retains enough information to
compute Heegaard Floer $d$-invariants of manifolds arising as surgeries on the
knot $K$. As an application to connected sums, we prove that if a knot in the
three-sphere admits an $L$-space surgery, it must be a prime knot. As an
application of the computation of $d$-invariants, we show that the Alexander
polynomial is a concordance invariant within the class of $L$-space knots, and
show the four-genus bound given by the $d$-invariant of +1-surgery is
independent of the genus bounds given by the Ozsv\'ath-Szab\'o $\tau$
invariant, the knot signature and the Rasmussen $s$ invariant.


title:
Scheme dependence and universality in the functional renormalization
  group

abstract:
  We prove that the functional renormalization group flow equation admits a
perturbative solution and show explicitly the scheme transformation that
relates it to the standard schemes of perturbation theory. We then define a
universal scheme within the functional renormalization group.


title: A new resolvent equation for the S-functional calculus

abstract:
  The S-functional calculus is a functional calculus for $(n+1)$-tuples of non
necessarily commuting operators that can be considered a higher dimensional
version of the classical Riesz-Dunford functional calculus for a single
operator. In this last calculus, the resolvent equation plays an important role
in the proof of several results. Associated with the S-functional calculus
there are two resolvent operators: the left $S_L^{-1}(s,T)$ and the right one
$S_R^{-1}(s,T)$, where $s=(s_0,s_1,\ldots,s_n)\in \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ and
$T=(T_0,T_1,\ldots,T_n)$ is an $(n+1)$-tuple of non commuting operators. These
two S-resolvent operators satisfy the S-resolvent equations
$S_L^{-1}(s,T)s-TS_L^{-1}(s,T)=\mathcal{I}$, and
$sS_R^{-1}(s,T)-S_R^{-1}(s,T)T=\mathcal{I}$, respectively, where $\mathcal{I}$
denotes the identity operator. These equations allows to prove some properties
of the S-functional calculus. In this paper we prove a new resolvent equation
for the S-functional calculus which is the analogue of the classical resolvent
equation. It is interesting to note that the equation involves both the left
and the right S-resolvent operators simultaneously.


title: Hardness measures and resolution lower bounds

abstract:
  Various "hardness" measures have been studied for resolution, providing
theoretical insight into the proof complexity of resolution and its fragments,
as well as explanations for the hardness of instances in SAT solving. In this
report we aim at a unified view of a number of hardness measures, including
different measures of width, space and size of resolution proofs. We also
extend these measures to all clause-sets (possibly satisfiable).


title:
Exactly solvable models and bifurcations: the case of the cubic $NLS$
  with a $\delta$ or a $\delta'$ interaction

abstract:
  We explicitly give all stationary solutions to the focusing cubic NLS on the
line, in the presence of a defect of the type Dirac's delta or delta prime. The
models proves interesting for two features: first, they are exactly solvable
and all quantities can be expressed in terms of elementary functions. Second,
the associated dynamics is far from being trivial. In particular, the $NLS$
with a delta prime potential shows two symmetry breaking bifurcations: the
first concerns the ground states and was already known. The second emerges on
the first excited states, and up to now had not been revealed. We highlight
such bifurcations by computing the nonlinear and the no-defect limits of the
stationary solutions.


title:
Renormalization of vacuum expectation values in spontaneously broken
  gauge theories: Two-loop results

abstract:
  We complete the two-loop calculation of beta-functions for vacuum expectation
values (VEVs) in gauge theories by the missing O(g^4)-terms. The full two-loop
results are presented for generic and supersymmetric theories up to two-loop
level in arbitrary R_xi-gauge. The results are obtained by means of a scalar
background field, identical to our previous analysis. As a by-product, the
two-loop scalar anomalous dimension for generic supersymmetric theories is
presented. As an application we compute the beta-functions for VEVs and
tan(beta) in the MSSM, NMSSM, and E6SSM.


title: Pulsation Modes of Long-Period Variables in the Period-Luminosity Plane

abstract:
  We present a phenomenological analysis of long-period variables (LPVs) in the
Large Magellanic Cloud with the aim of detecting pulsation modes associated to
different period-luminosity (PL) relations. Among brighter LPVs we discover a
group of triple-mode semiregular variables with the fundamental, first overtone
and second overtone modes simultaneously excited, which fall on PL sequences C,
C' and B, respectively. The mode identification in the fainter red giants is
more complicated. We demonstrate that the fundamental-mode pulsators partly
overlap with the first-overtone modes. We show a possible range of fundamental
mode and first overtone periods in the PL diagram.


title:
A feasible roadmap to identifying significant intercellular genomic
  heterogeneity in deep sequencing data

abstract:
  Intercellular heterogeneity serves as both a confounding factor in studying
individual clones and an information source in characterizing any heterogeneous
tissues, such as blood, tumor systems. Due to inevitable sequencing errors and
other sample preparation artifacts such as PCR errors, systematic efforts to
characterize intercellular genomic heterogeneity must effectively distinguish
genuine clonal sequences from fake derivatives. We developed a novel approach
(SIGH) for identifying significant genuine clonal sequences directly from mixed
sequencing reads that can improve genomic analyses in many biological contexts.
This method offers several attractive features: (1) it automatically estimates
the error rate from raw sequence reads and identifies genuine clonal sequences;
(2) it is robust to the large variety of error rate due to the various
experimental conditions; (3) it is supported by a well grounded statistical
framework that exploits probabilistic characteristics of sequencing errors; (4)
its unbiased strategy allows detecting rare clone(s) despite that clone
relative abundance; and (5) it estimates constituent proportions in each
sample. Extensive realistic simulation studies show that our method can
reliably estimate the error rates and faithfully distinguish the genuine clones
from fake derivatives, paving the way for follow up analysis that is otherwise
ruined by the often dominant fake clones.


title: Gravitational entropies in LTB dust models

abstract:
  We consider generic Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) dust models to probe the
gravitational entropy proposals of Clifton, Ellis and Tavakol (CET) and of
Hosoya and Buchert (HB). We also consider a variant of the HB proposal based on
a suitable quasi-local scalar weighted average. We show that the conditions for
entropy growth for all proposals are directly related to a negative correlation
of similar fluctuations of the energy density and Hubble scalar. While this
correlation is evaluated locally for the CET proposal, it must be evaluated in
a non--local domain dependent manner for the two HB proposals. By looking at
the fulfillment of these conditions at the relevant asymptotic limits we are
able to provide a well grounded qualitative description of the full time
evolution and radial asymptotic scaling of the three entropies in generic
models. The following rigorous analytic results are obtained for the three
proposals: (i) entropy grows when the density growing mode is dominant, (ii)
all ever-expanding hyperbolic models reach a stable terminal equilibrium
characterized by an inhomogeneous entropy maximum in their late time evolution;
(iii) regions with decaying modes and collapsing elliptic models exhibit
unstable equilibria associated with an entropy minimum (iv) near singularities
the CET entropy diverges while the HB entropies converge; (v) the CET entropy
converges for all models in the radial asymptotic range, whereas the HB
entropies only converge for models asymptotic to an FLRW background. The fact
that different independent proposals yield fairly similar conditions for
entropy production, time evolution and radial scaling in generic LTB models
seems to suggest that their common notion of a "gravitational entropy" may be a
theoretically robust concept applicable to more general spacetimes.


title:
Tilted torus magnetic fields in neutron stars and their gravitational
  wave signatures

abstract:
  Gravitational-wave diagnostics are developed for discriminating between
varieties of mixed poloidal-toroidal magnetic fields in neutron stars, with
particular emphasis on differentially rotating protoneutron stars. It is shown
that tilted torus magnetic fields, defined as the sum of an internal/external
poloidal component, whose axis of symmetry is tilted with respect to the
rotation axis, and an internal toroidal component, whose axis of symmetry is
aligned with the rotation axis, deform the star triaxially, unlike twisted
torus fields, which deform the star biaxially. Utilizing an analytic tilted
torus example, we show that these two topologies can be distinguished by their
gravitational wave spectrum and polarization phase portraits. For example, the
relative amplitudes and frequencies of the spectral peaks allows one to infer
the relative strengths of the toroidal and poloidal components of the field,
and the magnetic inclination angle. Finally, we show how a tilted torus field
arises naturally from magnetohydrodynamic simulations of differentially
rotating neutron stars, and how the gravitational wave spectrum evolves as the
internal toroidal field winds up. These results point to the sorts of
experiments that may become possible once gravitational wave interferometers
detect core-collapse supernovae routinely.


title: Stochastic Turing patterns: analysis of compartment-based approaches

abstract:
  Turing patterns can be observed in reaction-diffusion systems where chemical
species have different diffusion constants. In recent years, several studies
investigated the effects of noise on Turing patterns and showed that the
parameter regimes, for which stochastic Turing patterns are observed, can be
larger than the parameter regimes predicted by deterministic models, which are
written in terms of partial differential equations for species concentrations.
A common stochastic reaction-diffusion approach is written in terms of
compartment-based (lattice-based) models, where the domain of interest is
divided into artificial compartments and the number of molecules in each
compartment is simulated. In this paper, the dependence of stochastic Turing
patterns on the compartment size is investigated. It has previously been shown
(for relatively simpler systems) that a modeller should not choose compartment
sizes which are too small or too large, and that the optimal compartment size
depends on the diffusion constant. Taking these results into account, we
propose and study a compartment-based model of Turing patterns where each
chemical species is described using a different set of compartments. It is
shown that the parameter regions where spatial patterns form are different from
the regions obtained by classical deterministic PDE-based models, but they are
also different from the results obtained for the stochastic reaction-diffusion
models which use a single set of compartments for all chemical species. In
particular, it is argued that some previously reported results on the effect of
noise on Turing patterns in biological systems need to be reinterpreted.


title: Nonlinear PT-symmetric models bearing exact solutions

abstract:
  We study the nonlinear Schr$\ddot{o}$dinger equation with a PT-symmetric
potential. Using a hydrodynamic formulation and connecting the phase gradient
to the field amplitude, allows for a reduction of the model to a Duffing or a
generalized Duffing equation. This way, we can obtain exact soliton solutions
existing in the presence of suitable PT-symmetric potentials, and study their
stability and dynamics. We report interesting new features, including
oscillatory instabilities of solitons and (nonlinear) PT-symmetry breaking
transitions, for focusing and defocusing nonlinearities.


title:
Applications of general variational inequalities to coincidence point
  results

abstract:
  In this paper we obtain some existence result of solution for general
variational inequalities. As applications several coincidence and fixed point
results are provided.


title:
Regularization of $\ell_1$ minimization for dealing with outliers and
  noise in Statistics and Signal Recovery

abstract:
  We study the robustness properties of $\ell_1$ norm minimization for the
classical linear regression problem with a given design matrix and
contamination restricted to the dependent variable. We perform a fine error
analysis of the $\ell_1$ estimator for measurements errors consisting of
outliers coupled with noise. We introduce a new estimation technique resulting
from a regularization of $\ell_1$ minimization by inf-convolution with the
$\ell_2$ norm. Concerning robustness to large outliers, the proposed estimator
keeps the breakdown point of the $\ell_1$ estimator, and reduces to least
squares when there are not outliers. We present a globally convergent
forward-backward algorithm for computing our estimator and some numerical
experiments confirming its theoretical properties.


title:
Spin-orbit splitting and effective masses in p-type GaAs two-dimensional
  hole gases

abstract:
  We present magnetotransport measurements performed on two-dimensional hole
gases embedded in carbon doped p-type GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures grown on
[001] oriented substrates. A pronounced beating pattern in the Shubnikov-de
Haas oscillations proves the presence of strong spin-orbit interaction in the
device under study. We estimate the effective masses of spin-orbit split
subbands by measuring the temperature dependence of the Shubnikov-de Haas
oscillations at different hole densities. While the lighter heavy-hole
effective mass is not energy dependent, the heavier heavy-hole effective mass
has a prominent energy dependence, indicating a strong spin-orbit induced non
parabolicity of the valence band. The measured effective masses show
qualitative agreement with self-consistent numerical calculations.


title:
Interaction-Tuned Dynamical Transitions in a Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupled
  Fermi Gas

abstract:
  We consider the time evolution of the magnetization in a Rashba
spin-orbit-coupled Fermi gas, starting from a fully-polarized initial state. We
model the dynamics using a Boltzmann equation, which we solve in the
Hartree-Fock approximation. The resulting non-linear system of equations gives
rise to three distinct dynamical regimes with qualitatively different
asymptotic behaviors of the magnetization at long times. The distinct regimes
and the transitions between them are controlled by the interaction strength:
for weakly interacting fermions, the magnetization decays to zero. For
intermediate interactions, it displays undamped oscillations about zero and for
strong interactions, a partially magnetized state is dynamically stabilized.
The dynamics we find is a spin analog of interaction induced self-trapping in
double-well Bose Einstein condensates. The predicted phenomena can be realized
in trapped Fermi gases with synthetic spin-orbit interactions.


title: Matrix factorizations and motivic measures

abstract:
  This article is the continuation of [LS12]. We use categories of matrix
factorizations to define a morphism of rings (= a Landau-Ginzburg motivic
measure) from the (motivic) Grothendieck ring of varieties over $\mathbb{A}^1$
to the Grothendieck ring of saturated dg categories (with relations coming from
semi-orthogonal decompositions into admissible subcategories). Our
Landau-Ginzburg motivic measure is the analog for matrix factorizations of the
motivic measure in [BLL04] whose definition involved bounded derived categories
of coherent sheaves. On the way we prove smoothness and a Thom-Sebastiani
theorem for enhancements of categories of matrix factorizations.


title: Ring polymers in the melt state: the physics of crumpling

abstract:
  The conformational statistics of ring polymers in melts or dense solutions is
strongly affected by their quenched microscopic topological state. The effect
is particularly strong for non-concatenated unknotted rings, which are known to
crumple and segregate and which have been implicated as models for the generic
behavior of interphase chromosomes. Here we use a computationally efficient
multi-scale approach to show that melts of rings of total contour length $L_r$
can be {\it quantitatively} mapped onto melts of {\em interacting} lattice
trees with gyration radii $\langle R_g^2(L_r) \rangle \propto L_r^{2\nu}$ and
$\nu=0.32\pm0.01$.


title:
The average 0.5-200 keV spectrum of local active galactic nuclei and a
  new determination of the 2-10 keV luminosity function at z \approx 0

abstract:
  The broadband X-ray spectra of AGNs contains information about the nuclear
environment from Schwarzschild radii scales to distances of ~1 pc. In addition,
the average shape of the X-ray spectrum is an important input into X-ray
background synthesis models. Here, local (z \approx 0) AGN luminosity functions
(LFs) in five energy bands are used as a low-resolution, luminosity-dependent
X-ray spectrometer in order to constrain the average AGN X-ray spectrum between
0.5 and 200 keV. The 15-55 keV LF measured by Swift-BAT is assumed to be the
best determination of the local LF, and then a spectral model is varied to
determine the best fit to the 0.5-2 keV, 2-10 keV, 3-20 keV and 14-195 keV LFs.
The spectral model consists of a Gaussian distribution of power-laws with a
mean photon-index <\Gamma> and cutoff energy E_cut, as well as contributions
from distant and disc reflection. The reflection strength is parameterised by
varying the Fe abundance relative to solar, A_Fe, and requiring a specific Fe K
equivalent width (EW). In this way, the presence of the X-ray Baldwin effect
can be tested. The spectral model that best fits the four LFs has <\Gamma> =
1.85 \pm 0.15, E_cut=270^{+170}_{-80} keV, A_Fe=0.3^{+0.3}_{-0.15} (90% C.L.).
The sub-solar A_Fe indicates the presence of strong reflection given the
assumed Fe K EW. Indeed, parameterising the reflection strength with the R
parameter gives R=1.7^{+1.7}_{-0.85}. There is moderate evidence for no X-ray
Baldwin effect. A critical result of our procedure is that the shape of the
local 2-10 keV LF measured by HEAO-1 and MAXI is incompatible with the LFs
measured in the hard X-rays by Swift-BAT and RXTE. We therefore present a new
determination of the local 2-10 keV LF that is consistent with all other energy
bands.This new LF should be used to revise current measurements of the evolving
AGN LF in the 2-10 keV band.


title: Advection-Dispersion Across Interfaces

abstract:
  This article concerns a systemic manifestation of small scale interfacial
heterogeneities in large scale quantities of interest to a variety of diverse
applications spanning the earth, biological and ecological sciences. Beginning
with formulations in terms of partial differential equations governing the
conservative, advective-dispersive transport of mass concentrations in
divergence form, the specific interfacial heterogeneities are introduced in
terms of (spatial) discontinuities in the diffusion coefficient across a
lower-dimensional hypersurface. A pathway to an equivalent stochastic
formulation is then developed with special attention to the interfacial effects
in various functionals such as first passage times, occupation times and local
times. That an appreciable theory is achievable within a framework of
applications involving one-dimensional models having piecewise constant
coefficients greatly facilitates our goal of a gentle introduction to some
rather dramatic mathematical consequences of interfacial effects that can be
used to predict structure and to inform modeling.


title: The triangulation of manifolds

abstract:
  A mostly expository account of old questions about the relationship between
polyhedra and topological manifolds. Topics are old topological results, new
gauge theory results (with speculations about next directions), and history of
the questions.


title:
Novel concept for pulse compression via structured spatial energy
  distribution

abstract:
  We present a novel concept for pulse compression scheme applicable at RF,
microwave and possibly to optical frequencies based on structured energy
distribution in cavities supporting degenerate band-edge (DBE) modes. For such
modes a significant fraction of energy resides in a small fraction of the
cavity length. Such energy concentration provides a basis for superior
performance for applications in microwave pulse compression devices (MPC) when
compared to conventional cavities. The novel design features: larger loaded
quality factor of the cavity and stored energy compared to conventional
designs, robustness to variations of cavity loading, energy feeding and
extraction at the cavity center, substantial reduction of the cavity size by
use of equivalent lumped circuits for low energy sections of the cavity,
controlled pulse shaping via engineered extraction techniques. The presented
concepts are general, in terms of equivalent transmission lines, and can be
applied to a variety of realistic guiding structures.


title:
Generation of distributed entangled coherent states over a lossy
  environment with inefficient detectors

abstract:
  Entangled coherent states are useful for various applications in quantum
information processing but they are are sensitive to loss. We propose a scheme
to generate distributed entangled coherent states over a lossy environment in
such a way that the fidelity is independent of the losses at detectors
heralding the generation of the entanglement. We compare our scheme with a
previous one for the same purpose [Ourjoumtsev {\em et al.}, Nat. Phys. {\bf 5}
189 (2009)] and find parameters for which our new scheme results in superior
performance.


title: Galois conjugates of entropies of real unimodal maps

abstract:
  We investigate the set of Galois conjugates of growth rates of
superattracting real quadratic polynomials, following W. Thurston. In
particular, we prove that the closure of this set is path-connected and locally
connected.


title:
Wireless-Powered Relays in Cooperative Communications: Time-Switching
  Relaying Protocols and Throughput Analysis

abstract:
  We consider wireless-powered amplify-and-forward and decode-and-forward
relaying in cooperative communications, where an energy constrained relay node
first harvests energy through the received radio-frequency signal from the
source and then uses the harvested energy to forward the source information to
the destination node. We propose time-switching based energy harvesting (EH)
and information transmission (IT) protocols with two modes of EH at the relay.
For continuous time EH, the EH time can be any percentage of the total
transmission block time. For discrete time EH, the whole transmission block is
either used for EH or IT. The proposed protocols are attractive because they do
not require channel state information at the transmitter side and enable relay
transmission with preset fixed transmission power. We derive analytical
expressions of the achievable throughput for the proposed protocols. The
derived expressions are verified by comparison with simulations and allow the
system performance to be determined as a function of the system parameters.
Finally, we show that the proposed protocols outperform the existing fixed time
duration EH protocols in the literature, since they intelligently track the
level of the harvested energy to switch between EH and IT in an online fashion,
allowing efficient use of resources.


title:
The solution to the BCS gap equation for superconductivity and its
  temperature dependence

abstract:
  From the viewpoint of operator theory, we deal with the temperature
dependence of the solution to the BCS gap equation for superconductivity. When
the potential is a positive constant, the BCS gap equation reduces to the
simple gap equation. We first show that there is a unique nonnegative solution
to the simple gap equation, that it is continuous and strictly decreasing, and
that it is of class $C^2$ with respect to the temperature. We next deal with
the case where the potential is not a constant but a function. When the
potential is not a constant, we give another proof of the existence and
uniqueness of the solution to the BCS gap equation, and show how the solution
varies with the temperature. We finally show that the solution to the BCS gap
equation is indeed continuous with respect to both the temperature and the
energy under a certain condition when the potential is not a constant.

categories: math.FA cond-mat.supr-con math-ph math.MP


title: Quantum entanglement generation in de Sitter spacetime

abstract:
  We study, in the framework of open quantum systems, the entanglement
generation between two mutually independent static two-level atoms in de Sitter
spacetime. We treat the two-atom system as an open system in interaction with a
bath of fluctuating conformally coupled massless scalar fields in the de Sitter
invariant vacuum and derive the master equation which governs its evolution.
With the help of the partial transposition criterion, we analyze entanglement
generation between the two initially separable atoms and find that static atoms
in de Sitter spacetime exhibit distinct characteristics from those in a thermal
bath in flat spacetime in terms of entanglement generation. So, in, principle,
one can tell whether he is in a thermal bath or in de Sitter space by checking
the entanglement creation between two initially separable static atoms in
certain circumstances.


title: Computing the fundamental group of a higher-rank graph

abstract:
  We compute a presentation of the fundamental group of a higher-rank graph
using a coloured graph description of higher-rank graphs developed by the third
author. We compute the fundamental groups of several examples from the
literature. Our results fit naturally into the suite of known geometrical
results about $k$-graphs when we show that the abelianisation of fundamental
group is the homology group. We end with a calculation which gives a
non-standard presentation of the fundamental group of the Klein bottle to the
one normally found in the literature.


title: Connectivity and Giant Component of Stochastic Kronecker Graphs

abstract:
  Stochastic Kronecker graphs are a model for complex networks where each edge
is present independently according the Kronecker (tensor) product of a fixed
matrix k-by-k matrix P with entries in [0,1]. We develop a novel correspondence
between the adjacencies in a general stochastic Kronecker graph and the action
of a fixed Markov chain. Using this correspondence we are able to generalize
the arguments of Horn and Radcliffe on the emergence of the giant component
from the case where k = 2 to arbitrary k. We are also able to use this
correspondence to completely analyze the connectivity of a general stochastic
Kronecker graph.


title:
Including gauge symmetry in the localization mechanism of massive vector
  fields

abstract:
  On the four-dimensional sector of an AdS$_5$ warped geometry the standard
electromagnetic interaction can be simulated by massive vector fields via the
Ghoroku - Nakamura localization mechanism. We incorporate gauge symmetry to
this theory by finding the required interaction terms between the vector bosons
and the gravitational field of the scenario. The four-dimensional effective
theory defined by a Maxwell term and a tower of Stueckelberg fields is obtained
after expanding the vector fields on a massive eigenstates basis where the zero
mode is uncoupled from the rest of the spectrum. The corrections generated by
the massive gauge fields set to the electrostatic potential are also
calculated.


title: Empirical Distribution of Equilibrium Play and Its Testing Application

abstract:
  We show that in any $n$-player $m$-action normal-form game, we can obtain an
approximate equilibrium by sampling any mixed-action equilibrium a small number
of times. We study three types of equilibria: Nash, correlated and coarse
correlated. For each one of them we obtain upper and lower bounds on the number
of samples required for the empirical distribution over the sampled action
profiles to form an approximate equilibrium with probability close to one.
  These bounds imply that using a small number of samples we can test whether
or not players are playing according to an approximate equilibrium, even in
games where $n$ and $m$ are large. In addition, our results substantially
improve previously known upper bounds on the support size of approximate
equilibria in games with many players. In particular, for all the three types
of equilibria we show the existence of approximate equilibrium with support
size polylogarithmic in $n$ and $m$, whereas the previously best-known upper
bounds were polynomial in $n$.


title: Flow of non-Newtonian Fluids in Converging-Diverging Rigid Tubes

abstract:
  A residual-based lubrication method is used in this paper to find the flow
rate and pressure field in converging-diverging rigid tubes for the flow of
time-independent category of non-Newtonian fluids. Five converging-diverging
prototype geometries were used in this investigation in conjunction with two
fluid models: Ellis and Herschel-Bulkley. The method was validated by
convergence behavior sensibility tests, convergence to analytical solutions for
the straight tubes as special cases for the converging-diverging tubes,
convergence to analytical solutions found earlier for the flow in
converging-diverging tubes of Newtonian fluids as special cases for
non-Newtonian, and convergence to analytical solutions found earlier for the
flow of power-law fluids in converging-diverging tubes. A brief investigation
was also conducted on a sample of diverging-converging geometries. The method
can in principle be extended to the flow of viscoelastic and
thixotropic/rheopectic fluid categories. The method can also be extended to
geometries varying in size and shape in the flow direction, other than the
perfect cylindrically-symmetric converging-diverging ones, as long as
characteristic flow relations correlating the flow rate to the pressure drop on
the discretized elements of the lubrication approximation can be found. These
relations can be analytical, empirical and even numerical and hence the method
has a wide applicability range.


title: Twisted C*-algebras associated to finitely aligned higher-rank graphs

abstract:
  We introduce twisted relative Cuntz-Krieger algebras associated to finitely
aligned higher-rank graphs and give a comprehensive treatment of their
fundamental structural properties. We establish versions of the usual
uniqueness theorems and the classification of gauge-invariant ideals. We show
that all twisted relative Cuntz-Krieger algebras associated to finitely aligned
higher-rank graphs are nuclear and satisfy the UCT, and that for twists that
lift to real-valued cocycles, the K-theory of a twisted relative Cuntz-Krieger
algebra is independent of the twist. In the final section, we identify a
sufficient condition for simplicity of twisted Cuntz-Krieger algebras
associated to higher-rank graphs which are not aperiodic. Our results indicate
that this question is significantly more complicated than in the untwisted
setting.


title:
Observational Study of Large Amplitude Longitudinal Oscillations in a
  Solar Filament

abstract:
  On 20 August 2010 an energetic disturbance triggered damped large-amplitude
longitudinal (LAL) oscillations in almost an entire filament. In the present
work we analyze this periodic motion in the filament to characterize the
damping and restoring mechanism of the oscillation. Our method involves placing
slits along the axis of the filament at different angles with respect to the
spine of the filament, finding the angle at which the oscillation is clearest,
and fitting the resulting oscillation pattern to decaying sinusoidal and Bessel
functions. These functions represent the equations of motion of a pendulum
damped by mass accretion. With this method we determine the period and the
decaying time of the oscillation. Our preliminary results support the theory
presented by Luna and Karpen (2012) that the restoring force of LAL
oscillations is solar gravity in the tubes where the threads oscillate, and the
damping mechanism is the ongoing accumulation of mass onto the oscillating
threads. Following an earlier paper, we have determined the magnitude and
radius of curvature of the dipped magnetic flux tubes hosting a thread along
the filament, as well as the mass accretion rate of the filament threads, via
the fitted parameters.


title:
Asymptotic-preserving exponential methods for the quantum Boltzmann
  equation with high-order accuracy

abstract:
  In this paper we develop high-order asymptotic-preserving methods for the
spatially inhomogeneous quantum Boltzmann equation. We follow the work in Li
and Pareschi, where asymptotic preserving exponential Runge-Kutta methods for
the classical inhomogeneous Boltzmann equation were constructed. A major
difficulty here is related to the non Gaussian steady states characterizing the
quantum kinetic behavior. We show that the proposed schemes work with
high-order accuracy uniformly in time for all Planck constants ranging from
classical regime to quantum regime, and all Knudsen numbers ranging from
kinetic regime to fluid regime. Computational results are presented for both
Bose gas and Fermi gas.


title: Ultrasound Modulated Bioluminescence Tomography

abstract:
  We propose a method to reconstruct the density of a luminescent source in a
highly-scattering medium from ultrasound modulated optical measurements. Our
approach is based on the solution to a hybrid inverse source problem for the
diffusion equation.


title: Stable Lengths on the pants graph are rational

abstract:
  For the pants graph, there is little known about the behaviour of geodesics,
as opposed to quasigeodesics. Brock-Masur-Minsky showed that geodesics or
geodesic segments connecting endpoints satisfying a bounded combinatorics
condition, such as the stable/unstable laminations of a pseudo-Anosov, all have
bounded combinatorics, \textit{outside of annuli}. In this paper it is shown
that there exist geodesics that also have bounded combinatorics within annuli.
These geodesics are shown to have finiteness properties analogous to those of
tight geodesics in the complex of curves, from which rationality of stable
lengths of pseudo-Anosovs acting on the pants graph then follows from the
arguments of Bowditch for the curve complex.


title:
Reply on the comment on "Classical Simulations Including Electron
  Correlations for Sequential Double Ionization"

abstract:
  This is a Reply on the proceeding comment on our paper titled "Classical
Simulations Including Electron Correlations for Sequential Double Ionization".


title: Spectral dissociation of lateralized pairs of brain rhythms

abstract:
  Using high resolution spectral methods to uncover neuromarkers of social,
cognitive and behavioral function, we have found that hemi-lateralized pairs of
oscillations such as left and right occipital alpha, or left and right rolandic
mu dissociate spectrally. That is, they show a shifted frequency distribution,
with one member of the pair peaking at a slightly lower frequency than the
other. To illustrate the phenomenon, we analyze EEG spatio-spectral patterns
providing examples of dissociations in the 10Hz frequency band. Our
observations suggest that homologous pairs of neuromarkers have distinct
intrinsic frequencies and only transiently coordinate their oscillations into
synchronous ensembles. On occasion, hemi-lateralized pairs are observed to
blend into medial aggregates, leading to strongly coherent dynamics. We
hypothesize that spectral dissociation plays a role in the balance of
integration and segregation in the brain: separation of oscillations from
homologous cortical areas allows them to function independently under certain
circumstances, while preserving a potential for stronger interactions supported
by structural and functional symmetries. As a method, spectral dissociation may
be harnessed to better track the individual power of each member of a
hemi-lateralized pair, and their respective time-courses. Resulting insights
may shed light on the functional interaction between homologous cortices in
studies of attention (alpha), e.g. during perceptual and social interaction
tasks, and in studies of somatomotor processing (mu), e.g. in bimanual
coordination and brain computer interfaces.


title: On groups with a class-preserving outer automorphism

abstract:
  In 1911, Burnside asked whether or not there exist groups that have an outer
automorphism which preserves conjugacy classes. Two years later he answered his
own question by constructing a family of such groups. Using the small group
library in MAGMA we determine all of the groups of order n < 512 that possess
such an automorphism. Our investigations led to the discovery of four new
infinite families of such groups, all of which are 2-groups of coclass 4.


title: Nontrivial Deformation of a Trivial Bundle

abstract:
  The ${\rm SU}(2)$-prolongation of the Hopf fibration $S^3\to S^2$ is a
trivializable principal ${\rm SU}(2)$-bundle. We present a noncommutative
deformation of this bundle to a quantum principal ${\rm SU}_q(2)$-bundle that
is not trivializable. On the other hand, we show that the ${\rm
SU}_q(2)$-bundle is piecewise trivializable with respect to the closed covering
of $S^2$ by two hemispheres intersecting at the equator.


title:
Counting Triangles in Real-World Graph Streams: Dealing with Repeated
  Edges and Time Windows

abstract:
  Real-world graphs often manifest as a massive temporal stream of edges. The
need for real-time analysis of such large graph streams has led to progress on
low memory, one-pass streaming graph algorithms. These algorithms were designed
for simple graphs, assuming an edge is not repeated in the stream. Real graph
streams however, are almost always multigraphs i.e., they contain many
duplicate edges. The assumption of no repeated edges requires an extra pass
*storing all the edges* just for deduplication, which defeats the purpose of
small memory algorithms.
  We describe an algorithm for estimating the triangle count of a multigraph
stream of edges. We show that all previous streaming algorithms for triangle
counting fail for multigraph streams, despite their impressive accuracies for
simple graphs. The bias created by duplicate edges is a major problem, and
leads these algorithms astray. Our algorithm avoids these biases through
careful debiasing strategies and has provable theoretical guarantees and
excellent empirical performance. Our algorithm builds on the previously
introduced wedge sampling methodology.
  Another challenge in analyzing temporal graphs is finding the right temporal
window size. Our algorithm seamlessly handles multiple time windows, and does
not require committing to any window size(s) a priori. We apply our algorithm
to discover fascinating transitivity and triangle trends in real-world graph
streams.


title:
Symmetry-energy dependence of the dynamical dipole mode in the
  Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model

abstract:
  Using an isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (IBUU) transport
model, we have studied the connection between the symmetry energy and features
of the dynamical dipole mode in fusion reactions with charge-asymmetric
entrance channel. The yield and angular distribution of the prompt photon
emission are extracted by a bremsstrahlung approach. The experimental data of
$^{36}$Ar+$^{96}$Zr at 16 MeV/nucleon and $^{32}$S + $^{100}$Mo at 9.3
MeV/nucleon are compared with IBUU model calculations, and the soft symmetry
energy is found to describe the data reasonably well.


title: Low-energy enhancement of magnetic dipole radiation

abstract:
  Magnetic dipole strength functions have been deduced from averages of a large
number of $M1$ transition strengths calculated within the shell model for the
nuclides $^{90}$Zr, $^{94}$Mo, $^{95}$Mo, and $^{96}$Mo. An enhancement of $M1$
strength toward low transition energy has been found for all nuclides
considered. Large $M1$ strengths appear for transitions between close-lying
states with configurations including proton as well as neutron high-$j$ orbits
that re-couple their spins and add up their magnetic moments coherently. The
$M1$ strength function deduced from the calculated $M1$ transition strengths is
compatible with the low-energy enhancement found in ($^3$He,$^3$He') and
$(d,p)$ experiments. The present work presents for the first time an
explanation of the experimental findings.


title:
Effect of imperfect Faraday mirrors on security of a Faraday-Michelson
  quantum cryptography system

abstract:
  The one-way Faraday-Michelson system is a very useful practical quantum
cryptography system where Faraday mirrors(FMs) play an important role. In this
paper we analyze the security of this system against imperfect FMs. We consider
the security loophole caused by the imperfect FMs in Alice's and Bob's security
zones. Then we implement a passive Faraday mirror attack in this system. By
changing the values of the imperfection parameters of Alice's FMs, we calculate
the quantum bit error rate between Alice and Bob induced by Eve and the
probability that Eve obtains outcomes successfully. It is shown that the
imperfection of one of Alice's two FMs makes the system sensitive to the
attack. At last we give a modified key rate as a function of the Faraday mirror
imperfections. The security analysis indicates that both Alice's and Bob's
imperfect FMs can compromise the secure key.


title:
Further Studies of Transverse Enhancement in Quasielastic Electron
  Scattering

abstract:
  In a previous communication we reported on a parametrization of the observed
enhancement in the transverse electron quasielastic (QE) response function for
nucleons bound in carbon as a function of the square of the four momentum
transfer ($Q^2$) in terms of a correction to the magnetic form factors of bound
nucleons. That parametrization was used to predict the overall magnitude and
$Q^2$ dependence of the cross section for neutrino quasielastic scattering on
nuclear targets. In this paper, we extend the study to include parametrizations
of both the $Q^2$ as well as the energy transfer ($\nu$) dependence of the
transverse enhancement. These parametrization can be used to give a more
complete two dimensional description of the neutrino quasielastic scattering
process on nuclear targets, which is essential for precision studies of mass
splitings and mixing angles in neutrino oscillation experiments.


title: Phase sensitive amplification in silicon photonic crystal waveguides

abstract:
  We experimentally demonstrate phase sensitive amplification (PSA) in a
silicon photonic crystal waveguide based on pump-degenerate four-wave mixing.
An 11 dB phase extinction ratio is obtained in a record compact 196 {\mu}m
nanophotonic device due to broadband slow-light, in spite of the presence of
two-photon absorption and free-carriers. Numerical calculations show good
agreement with the experimental results.


title:
Second order WSGD operators II: A new family of difference schemes for
  space fractional advection diffusion equation

abstract:
  The second order weighted and shifted Gr\"{u}nwald difference (WSGD)
operators are developed in [Tian et al., arXiv:1201.5949] to solve space
fractional partial differential equations. Along this direction, we further
design a new family of second order WSGD operators; by properly choosing the
weighted parameters, they can be effectively used to discretize space
(Riemann-Liouville) fractional derivatives. Based on the new second order WSGD
operators, we derive a family of difference schemes for the space fractional
advection diffusion equation. By von Neumann stability analysis, it is proved
that the obtained schemes are unconditionally stable. Finally, extensive
numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the performance of the
schemes and confirm the convergent orders.


title: Intrinsic Contextuality as the Crux of Consciousness

abstract:
  A stream of conscious experience is extremely contextual; it is impacted by
sensory stimuli, drives and emotions, and the web of associations that link,
directly or indirectly, the subject of experience to other elements of the
individual's worldview. The contextuality of one's conscious experience both
enhances and constrains the contextuality of one's behavior. Since we cannot
know first-hand the conscious experience of another, it is by way of behavioral
contextuality that we make judgements about whether or not, and to what extent,
a system is conscious. Thus we believe that a deep understanding of
contextuality is vital to the study of consciousness. Methods have been
developed for handling contextuality in the microworld of quantum particles.
Our goal has been to investigate the extent to which these methods can be used
to analyze contextuality in conscious experience. This work is the fledgling
efforts of a recently-initiated interdisciplinary collaboration.


title: Phase Transition Analysis of the Dynamic Instability of Microtubules

abstract:
  This paper provides the phase transition analysis of a reaction diffusion
equations system modeling dynamic instability of microtubules. For this purpose
we have generalized the macroscopic model studied by Mour\~ao et all [MSS].
This model investigates the interaction between the microtubule nucleation,
essential dynamics parameters and extinction and their impact on the stability
of the system. The considered framework encompasses a system of partial
differential equations for the elongation and shortening of microtubules, where
the rates of elongation as well as the lifetimes of the elongating shortening
phases are linear functions of GTP-tubulin concentration. In a novel way, this
paper investigates the stability analysis and provides a bifurcation analysis
for the dynamic instability of microtubules in the presence of diffusion and
all of the fundamental dynamics parameters. Our stability analysis introduces
the phase transition method as a new mathematical tool in the study of
microtubule dynamics. The mathematical tools introduced to handle the problem
should be of general use.


title: Unexpected stable stoichiometries of sodium chlorides

abstract:
  Sodium chloride (NaCl), or rocksalt, is well characterized at ambient
pressure. Due to the large electronegativity difference between Na and Cl
atoms, it has highly ionic chemical bonding, with stoichiometry 1:1 dictated by
charge balance, and B1-type crystal structure. Here, by combining theoretical
predictions and diamond anvil cell experiments we show that new materials with
different stoichiometries emerge at pressure as low as 20 GPa. Compounds such
us Na3Cl, Na2Cl, Na3Cl2, NaCl3 and NaCl7 are theoretically stable and have
unusual bonding and electronic properties. To test this prediction, at 55-80
GPa we synthesized cubic and orthorhombic NaCl3 at 55-70 GPa and 2D-metallic
tetragonal Na3Cl. This proves that novel compounds, violating chemical
intuition, can be thermodynamically stable even in simplest systems at
non-ambient conditions.


title: Measurement-induced nonlocality in the anisotropic Heisenberg chain

abstract:
  Quantum correlations are essential for quantum information processing.
Measurement-induced nonlocality (MIN) which is defined based on the projective
measurement is a good measure of quantum correlation, and is favored for its
potential applications. We investigate here behaviors of the geometric and
entropic MIN in the two-qubit Heisenberg XY chain, and reveal effects of the
anisotropic parameter $\gamma$ as well as the external magnetic field $B$ on
strength of them. Our results show that both $\gamma$ and $B$ can serve as
efficient controlling parameters for tuning the MIN in the XY chain.


title: Transformation formulas for bilinear sums of basic hypergeometric series

abstract:
  A master formula of transformation formulas for bilinear sums of basic
hypergeometric series is proposed. It is obtained from the author's previous
results on a transformation formula for Milne's multivariate generalization of
basic hypergeometric series of type $A$ with different dimensions and it can be
considered as a generalization of Whipple-Sears transformation formula for
terminating balanced ${}_4 \phi_3$ series. As an application of the master
formula, one variable cases of some transformation formulas for bilinear sums
of basic hypergeometric series are given as examples. The bilinear
transformation formulas seem to be new in the literature even in one variable
case.


title:
Fokker-Planck Equations for Stochastic Dynamical Systems with Symmetric
  L\'evy Motions

abstract:
  The Fokker-Planck equations for stochastic dynamical systems, with
non-Gaussian $\alpha-$stable symmetric L\'evy motions, have a nonlocal or
fractional Laplacian term. This nonlocality is the manifestation of the effect
of non-Gaussian fluctuations. Taking advantage of the Toeplitz matrix structure
of the time-space discretization, a fast and accurate numerical algorithm is
proposed to simulate the nonlocal Fokker-Planck equations, under either
absorbing or natural conditions. The scheme is shown to satisfy a discrete
maximum principle and to be convergent. It is validated against a known exact
solution and the numerical solutions obtained by using other methods. The
numerical results for two prototypical stochastic systems, the
Ornstein-Uhlenbeck system and the double-well system are shown.


title:
Damage threshold and focusability of mid-infrared free-electron laser
  pulses gated by a plasma mirror with nanosecond switching pulses

abstract:
  The presence of a pulse train structure of an oscillator-type free-electron
laser (FEL) results in the immediate damage of a solid target upon focusing. We
demonstrate that the laser-induced damage threshold can be significantly
improved by gating the mid-infrared (MIR) FEL pulses with a plasma mirror.
Although the switching pulses we employ have a nanosecond duration which does
not guarantee the clean wavefront of the gated FEL pulses, the high focusablity
is experimentally confirmed through the observation of spectral broadening by a
factor of 2.1 when we tightly focus the gated FEL pulses onto the Ge plate.


title:
Structured Optimal Transmission Control in Network-coded Two-way Relay
  Channels

abstract:
  This paper considers a transmission control problem in network-coded two-way
relay channels (NC-TWRC), where the relay buffers random symbol arrivals from
two users, and the channels are assumed to be fading. The problem is modeled by
a discounted infinite horizon Markov decision process (MDP). The objective is
to find a transmission control policy that minimizes the symbol delay, buffer
overflow and transmission power consumption and error rate simultaneously and
in the long run. By using the concepts of submodularity, multimodularity and
L-natural convexity, we study the structure of the optimal policy searched by
dynamic programming (DP) algorithm. We show that the optimal transmission
policy is nondecreasing in queue occupancies or/and channel states under
certain conditions such as the chosen values of parameters in the MDP model,
channel modeling method, modulation scheme and the preservation of stochastic
dominance in the transitions of system states. The results derived in this
paper can be used to relieve the high complexity of DP and facilitate real-time
control.


title:
Pressure effect on the energy structure and superexchange interaction of
  the undoped orthorhombic La2CuO4: beyond the low-energy approximation

abstract:
  Using LDA+GTB multi-band approach, we studied the compression dependence of
the electronic structure and in-plane superexchange interaction J(P) in the
antiferromagnetic La214 at the 0% and 3% - hydrostatic and unaxial (along c
axial) compression. We obtained the superexchange interaction J(P=0)~0.15eV is
enhanced by ~20% under the 3% - hydrostatic compression and vice versa the J(P)
is decreased slightly by ~5,7% under the 3% - uniaxial compression. In both
cases the J(P) correlates with the in-plane hopping parameters and
dd-excitation energy \delta_s=e(^3B_{1})-e(A_{1})$ involving the the two-hole
states: Zhang-Rice singlet and ^3{B_{1}} triplet states. The spectral density
of the first removal states is a combined singlet-triplet character and a sign
of changes in the one with the pressure clearly reproduces the
\vec{k}-distribution of quasiparticle states with a different a_1- and
b_1-symmetry over the Brillouin zone as a whole.


title:
Analysis of strong-field enhanced ionization of molecules using Bohmian
  trajectories

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate the mechanism of enhanced ionization in
two-electron molecules by analyzing Bohmian trajectories for a one-dimensional
H2 in an intense laser field. We identify both types of ionizing trajectories
corresponding to the ejection from the up-field and down-field cores. The
trajectories of the two electrons are correlated with each other in the former
while correlation is negligible in the latter. The contributions from the two
ionization types, though depending on laser intensity and internuclear
distance, are comparable to each other.


title:
Contextualizing concepts using a mathematical generalization of the
  quantum formalism

abstract:
  We outline the rationale and preliminary results of using the state context
property (SCOP) formalism, originally developed as a generalization of quantum
mechanics, to describe the contextual manner in which concepts are evoked, used
and combined to generate meaning. The quantum formalism was developed to cope
with problems arising in the description of (i) the measurement process, and
(ii) the generation of new states with new properties when particles become
entangled. Similar problems arising with concepts motivated the formal
treatment introduced here. Concepts are viewed not as fixed representations,
but entities existing in states of potentiality that require interaction with a
context-a stimulus or another concept-to 'collapse' to an instantiated form
(e.g. exemplar, prototype, or other possibly imaginary instance). The stimulus
situation plays the role of the measurement in physics, acting as context that
induces a change of the cognitive state from superposition state to collapsed
state. The collapsed state is more likely to consist of a conjunction of
concepts for associative than analytic thought because more stimulus or concept
properties take part in the collapse. We provide two contextual measures of
conceptual distance-one using collapse probabilities and the other weighted
properties-and show how they can be applied to conjunctions using the pet fish
problem.


title:
Stability of the tangent bundle of the wonderful compactification of an
  adjoint group

abstract:
  Let $G$ be a complex linear algebraic group which is simple of adjoint type.
Let $\overline G$ be the wonderful compactification of $G$. We prove that the
tangent bundle of $\overline G$ is stable with respect to every polarization on
$\overline G$.


title:
One-dimensional $\alpha$ condensation of $\alpha$-linear-chain states in
  ${^{12}{\rm C}}$ and ${^{16}{\rm O}}$

abstract:
  We present a new picture that the $\alpha$-linear-chain structure for
${^{12}{\rm C}}$ and ${^{16}{\rm O}}$ has one-dimensional $\alpha$ condensate
character. The wave functions of linear-chain states which are described by
superposing a large number of Brink wave functions have extremely large
overlaps of nearly $100\%$ with single Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-R\"opke (THSR)
wave functions, which were proposed to describe the $\alpha$ condensed
"gas-like" states. Although this new picture is different from the conventional
idea of the spatial localization of $\alpha$ clusters, the density
distributions are shown to have localized $\alpha$-clusters which is due to the
inter-$\alpha$ Pauli repulsion.