title:
Existence, Uniqueness and Regularity of Decoupling Fields to
  Multidimensional Fully Coupled FBSDEs

abstract:
  We develop an existence, uniqueness and regularity theory for general
multidimensional strongly coupled FBSDE using so called decoupling fields. We
begin with a local result and extend it to a global theory via concatenation.
The cornerstone of the global theory is the so called maximal interval which
is, roughly speaking, the largest interval on which reasonable solutions exist.
A method to verify that the maximal interval is the whole interval, for
problems in which this is conjectured, is proposed. As part of our study of the
regularity of solutions constructed we show variational differentiability under
Lipschitz assumptions. Extra emphasis is put on the more special Markovian case
in which assumptions on the Lipschitz continuity for the FBSDE can be weakened
to local ones, and additional regularity properties emerge.


title:
Objects Appear Smaller as They Recede: How Proper Motions Can Directly
  Reveal the Cosmic Expansion, Provide Geometric Distances, and Measure the
  Hubble Constant

abstract:
  Objects and structures gravitationally decoupled from the Hubble expansion
will appear to shrink in angular size as the universe expands. Observations of
extragalactic proper motions can thus directly reveal the cosmic expansion.
Relatively static structures such as galaxies or galaxy clusters can
potentially be used to measure the Hubble constant, and test masses in large
scale structures can measure the overdensity. Since recession velocities and
angular separations can be precisely measured, apparent proper motions can also
provide geometric distance measurements to static structures. The apparent
fractional angular compression of static objects is 15 microarcseconds per year
in the local universe; this motion is modulated by the overdensity in dynamic
expansion-decoupled structures.
  We use the Titov et al. quasar proper motion catalog to examine the pairwise
proper motion of a sparse network of test masses. Small-separation pairs (< 200
Mpc comoving) are too few to measure the expected effect, yielding an
inconclusive 8.3 +/- 14.9 microarcsec/yr. Large-separation pairs (200-1500 Mpc)
show no net convergence or divergence for z < 1, -2.7 +/- 3.7 microarcsec/yr,
consistent with pure Hubble expansion and significantly inconsistent with
static structures, as expected. For all pairs a "null test" gives -0.36 +/-
0.62 microarcsec/yr, consistent with Hubble expansion, and excludes a static
locus at ~5-10 sigma significance for z ~ 0.5-2.0. The observed
large-separation pairs provide a reference frame for small-separation pairs
that will significantly deviate from the Hubble flow. The current limitation is
the number of small-separation objects with precise astrometry, but Gaia will
address this and will likely detect the cosmic recession.


title:
Morphogenesis and propagation of complex cracks induced by thermal
  shocks

abstract:
  We study the genesis and the selective propagation of complex crack networks
induced by thermal shock or drying of brittle materials. We use a quasi-static
gradient damage model to perform large scale numerical simulations showing that
the propagation of fully developed cracks follows Griffith criterion and
depends only on the fracture toughness, while crack morphogenesis is driven by
the material's internal length. Our numerical simulations feature networks of
parallel cracks and selective arrest in two dimensions and hexagonal columnar
joints in three dimensions, without any hypotheses on cracks geometry and are
in good agreement with available experimental results.


title: Quantum phase transitions into Kondo states in bilayer graphene

abstract:
  We study a magnetic impurity intercalated in bilayer graphene. A
representative configuration generates a hybridization function with strong
dependence on the conduction-electron energy, including a full gap with one
hard and one soft edge. Shifts of the chemical potential via gating or doping
drive the system between non-Kondo (free-moment) and Kondo-screened phases,
with strong variation of the Kondo scale. Quantum phase transitions near the
soft edge are of Kosterlitz-Thouless type, while others are first order. Near
the hard edge, a bound-state singlet appears inside the gap; although of
single-particle character, its signatures in scanning tunneling spectroscopy
are very similar to those arising from a many-body Kondo resonance.


title: Second cohomology of Lie rings and the Schur multiplier

abstract:
  We exhibit an explicit construction for the second cohomology group $H^2(L,
A)$ for a Lie ring $L$ and a trivial $L$-module $A$. We show how the elements
of $H^2(L, A)$ correspond one-to-one to the equivalence classes of central
extensions of $L$ by $A$, where $A$ now is considered as an abelian Lie ring.
For a finite Lie ring $L$ we also show that $H^2(L, \C^*) \cong M(L)$, where
$M(L)$ denotes the Schur multiplier of $L$. These results match precisely the
analogue situation in group theory.


title: A Note on Pushdown Automata Systems

abstract:
  In (Csuhaj-Varju et. al. 2000) Parallel Communicating Systems of Pushdown
Automata (PCPA) were introduced and shown to be able to simulate
nondeterministic one-way multi-head pushdown automata in returning mode, even
if communication is restricted to be one-way having a single target component.
A simulation of such centralized PCPA by one-way multi-head pushdown automata
(Balan 2009) turned out to be incomplete (Otto 2012). Subsequently it was shown
that centralized returning PCPA are universal even if the number of components
is two (Petersen 2013) and thus are separated from one-way multi-head pushdown
automata. Another line of research modified the definition of PCPA such that
communication is asynchronous (Otto 2013). While the simulation of one-way
multi-head pushdown automata is still possible, now a converse construction
shows this model in returning mode to be equivalent to the one-way multi-head
pushdown automaton in a very precise sense. It was left open, whether
non-centralized returning PCPA of degree two are universal. In the first part
of the paper we show this to be the case. Then we turn our attention to Uniform
Distributed Pushdown Automata Systems (UDPAS). These systems of automata work
in turn on a single tape. We show that UPDAS accepting with empty stack do not
form a hierarchy depending on the number of components and that the membership
problem is complete in NP, answering two open problems from (Arroyo et. al.
2012).


title:
Modeling Information Diffusion in Online Social Networks with Partial
  Differential Equations

abstract:
  Online social networks such as Twitter and Facebook have gained tremendous
popularity for information exchange. The availability of unprecedented amounts
of digital data has accelerated research on information diffusion in online
social networks. However, the mechanism of information spreading in online
social networks remains elusive due to the complexity of social interactions
and rapid change of online social networks. Much of prior work on information
diffusion over online social networks has based on empirical and statistical
approaches. The majority of dynamical models arising from information diffusion
over online social networks involve ordinary differential equations which only
depend on time. In a number of recent papers, the authors propose to use
partial differential equations(PDEs) to characterize temporal and spatial
patterns of information diffusion over online social networks. Built on
intuitive cyber-distances such as friendship hops in online social networks,
the reaction-diffusion equations take into account influences from various
external out-of-network sources, such as the mainstream media, and provide a
new analytic framework to study the interplay of structural and topical
influences on information diffusion over online social networks. In this
survey, we discuss a number of PDE-based models that are validated with real
datasets collected from popular online social networks such as Digg and
Twitter. Some new developments including the conservation law of information
flow in online social networks and information propagation speeds based on
traveling wave solutions are presented to solidify the foundation of the PDE
models and highlight the new opportunities and challenges for mathematicians as
well as computer scientists and researchers in online social networks.


title: Log-concavity of Milnor algebras for projective hypersurfaces

abstract:
  We investigate the 0-th local cohomology of the Jacobian ring of a
homogeneous polynomial defining a projective hypersurface whose singular locus
is a 0-dimensional complete intersection.


title:
Correlative-causative structures and the 'pericause': an analysis of
  causation and a model based on cellular biology

abstract:
  The advent of molecular biology has led to the identification of definitive
causative factors for a number of diseases, most of which are monogenic. Causes
for most common diseases across the population, however, seem elusive and
cannot be pinpointed to a limited number of genes or genetic pathways. This
realization has led to the idea of personalized medicine and treating each case
individually. Nevertheless, since each common disease appears to have the same
endpoint and phenotypic features in all diagnosed individuals, the search for a
unifying cause will still continue. Given that multivariate scientific data is
of a correlative nature and causation is always inferred, a simple
formalization of the general structure of cause and correlation is presented
herein. Furthermore, the context in which a causal structure could take shape,
termed the 'pericause', is proposed as a tractable and uninvestigated concept
which could theoretically play a crucial role in determining the effects of a
cause.


title: Existence and Soap Film Regularity of Solutions to Plateau's Problem

abstract:
  Plateau's soap film problem is to find a surface of least area spanning a
given boundary. We begin with a compact orientable $(n-2)$-dimensional
submanifold $M$ of $\R^n$. If $M$ is connected, we say a compact set $X$
"spans" $M$ if $X$ intersects every Jordan curve whose linking number with $M$
is 1. Picture a soap film that spans a loop of wire. Using $(n-1)$-dimensional
Hausdorff spherical measure as the measure of the size of a compact set $X$ in
$\R^n$, we prove there exists a smallest compact set $X_0$ that spans $M$. We
also show that $X_0$ is almost everywhere a real analytic $(n-1)$-dimensional
minimal submanifold and if $n = 3$, then $X_0$ has the structure of a soap film
as predicted by Plateau. We provide more details about the minimizer $X_0$.
Primarily, $X_0$ is the support of a current $S_0$ and $M$ is the support of
the algebraic boundary of $S_0$. We also discuss the more general case where
$M$ has codimension $> 2$.


title: Summary Statistics for Partitionings and Feature Allocations

abstract:
  Infinite mixture models are commonly used for clustering. One can sample from
the posterior of mixture assignments by Monte Carlo methods or find its maximum
a posteriori solution by optimization. However, in some problems the posterior
is diffuse and it is hard to interpret the sampled partitionings. In this
paper, we introduce novel statistics based on block sizes for representing
sample sets of partitionings and feature allocations. We develop an
element-based definition of entropy to quantify segmentation among their
elements. Then we propose a simple algorithm called entropy agglomeration (EA)
to summarize and visualize this information. Experiments on various infinite
mixture posteriors as well as a feature allocation dataset demonstrate that the
proposed statistics are useful in practice.


title:
Neutral current interactions of low-energy neutrinos in dense neutron
  matter

abstract:
  We report the results of a calculation of the response of cold neutron matter
to neutral-current interactions with low energy neutrinos, carried out using an
effective interaction and effective operators consistently derived within the
formalism of Correlated Basis Functions. The neutrino mean free path obtained
from the calculated responses turns out to be strongly affected by both short
and long range correlations, leading to a sizable increase with respect to the
prediction of the Fermi gas model. The consistency between the proposed
approach and Landau theory of normal Fermi liquids also has been investigated,
using a set of Landau parameters obtained from the matrix elements of the
effective interaction.


title:
Does the problem of global warming exist at all? Insight from the
  temperature drift induced by inevitable colored noise

abstract:
  In the present paper we state a problem of the colored noise nonremovability
on the climatic 30-year time scale, which essentially changes the angle of view
on the known problem of global warming.


title:
Jointly Clustering Rows and Columns of Binary Matrices: Algorithms and
  Trade-offs

abstract:
  In standard clustering problems, data points are represented by vectors, and
by stacking them together, one forms a data matrix with row or column cluster
structure. In this paper, we consider a class of binary matrices, arising in
many applications, which exhibit both row and column cluster structure, and our
goal is to exactly recover the underlying row and column clusters by observing
only a small fraction of noisy entries. We first derive a lower bound on the
minimum number of observations needed for exact cluster recovery. Then, we
propose three algorithms with different running time and compare the number of
observations needed by them for successful cluster recovery. Our analytical
results show smooth time-data trade-offs: one can gradually reduce the
computational complexity when increasingly more observations are available.


title:
Determination of Acceleration Mechanism Characteristics Directly and
  Non-Parametrically from Observations: Application to Supernova Remnants

abstract:
  We have developed an inversion method for determination of the
characteristics of the acceleration mechanism directly and non-parametrically
from observations, in contrast to the usual forward fitting of parametric model
variables to observations. In two recent papers (Petrosian & Chen 2010, Chen &
Petrosian 2013), we demonstrate the efficacy of this inversion method by its
application to acceleration of electrons in solar flares based on stochastic
acceleration by turbulence. Here we explore its application for determining the
characteristics of shock acceleration in supernova remnants (SNRs) based on the
electron spectra deduced from the observed nonthermal radiation from SNRs and
the spectrum of the cosmic ray electrons observed near the Earth. These spectra
are related by the process of escape of the electrons from SNRs and energy loss
during their transport in the galaxy. Thus, these observations allow us to
determine spectral characteristics of the momentum and pitch angle diffusion
coefficients, which play crucial roles in both direct acceleration by
turbulence and in high Mach number shocks. Assuming that the average electron
spectrum deduced from a few well known SNRs is representative of those in the
solar neighborhood we find interesting discrepancies between our deduced forms
for these coefficients and those expected from well known wave-particle
interactions. This may indicate that the standard assumptions made in treatment
of shock acceleration need revision. In particular, the escape of particles
from SNRs may be more complex than generally assumed.


title:
On fluctuations and localization length for the Anderson model on a
  strip

abstract:
  We consider the Anderson model on a strip. Assuming that potentials have
bounded density with considerable tails we get a lower bound for the
fluctuations of the logarithm of the Green's function in a finite box. This
implies an effective estimate by $ \exp(CW^2) $ for the localization length of
the Anderson model on the strip of width $ W $. The results are obtained,
actually, for a more general model with a non-local operator in the vertical
direction.


title: ATLAS Searches for Beyond the Standard Model Higgs Bosons

abstract:
  The present status of ATLAS searches for Higgs bosons in extensions of the
Standard Model (SM) is presented. This includes searches for the Higgs bosons
of the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM), the Minimal Supersymmetric Model (MSSM),
the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Model (NMSSM) and models with an invisibly
decaying Higgs boson. A review of the phenomenology of the Higgs sectors of
these models is given together with the search strategy and the resulting
experimental constraints.


title: Topological orderings of weighted directed acyclic graphs

abstract:
  We call a topological ordering of a weighted directed acyclic graph
non-negative if the sum of weights on the vertices in any prefix of the
ordering is non-negative. We investigate two processes for constructing
non-negative topological orderings of weighted directed acyclic graphs. The
first process is called a mark sequence and the second is a generalization
called a mark-unmark sequence. We answer a question of Erickson by showing that
every non-negative topological ordering that can be realized by a mark-unmark
sequence can also be realized by a mark sequence. We also investigate the
question of whether a given weighted directed acyclic graph has a non-negative
topological ordering. We show that even in the simple case when every vertex is
a source or a sink the question is NP-complete.


title:
Pathwise Taylor Expansions for Random Fields on Multiple Dimensional
  Paths

abstract:
  In this paper we establish the pathwise Taylor expansions for random fields
that are "regular" in the spirit of Dupire's path-derivatives \cite{Dupire}.
Our result is motivated by but extends the recent result of Buckdahn-Bulla-Ma
\cite{BBM}, when translated into the language of pathwise calculus. We show
that with such a language the pathwise Taylor expansion can be naturally
carried out to any order and for any dimension, and it coincides with the
existing results when reduced to these special settings. More importantly, the
expansion can be both "forward" and "backward" (i.e., the temporal increments
can be both positive and negative), and the remainder is estimated in a
pathwise manner. This result will be the main building block for our new notion
of viscosity solution to forward path-dependent PDEs corresponding to (forward)
stochastic PDEs in our accompanying paper \cite{BMZ}.


title:
First principles approach to the Abraham-Minkowski controversy for the
  momentum of light in general linear non-dispersive media

abstract:
  We study the problem of the definition of the energy-momentum tensor of light
in general moving non-dispersive media with linear constitutive law. Using the
basic principles of classical field theory, we show that for the correct
understanding of the problem, one needs to carefully distinguish situations
when the material medium is modeled either as a background on which light
propagates or as a dynamical part of the total system. In the former case, we
prove that the (generalized) Belinfante-Rosenfeld (BR) tensor for the
electromagnetic field coincides with the Minkowski tensor. We derive a complete
set of balance equations for this open system and show that the symmetries of
the background medium are directly related to the conservation of the Minkowski
quantities. In particular, for isotropic media, the angular momentum of light
is conserved despite of the fact that the Minkowski tensor is non-symmetric.
For the closed system of light interacting with matter, we model the material
medium as a relativistic non-dissipative fluid and we prove that it is always
possible to express the total BR tensor of the closed system either in the
Abraham or in the Minkowski separation. However, in the case of dynamical
media, the balance equations have a particularly convenient form in terms of
the Abraham tensor. Our results generalize previous attempts and provide a
first principles basis for a unified understanding of the long-standing
Abraham-Minkowski controversy without ad hoc arguments.

categories: physics.class-ph gr-qc hep-th physics.optics


title:
Evidence that Cross-Domain Re-interpretations of Creative Ideas are
  Recognizable

abstract:
  The goal of this study was to investigate the translate-ability of creative
works into other domains. We tested whether people were able to recognize which
works of art were inspired by which pieces of music. Three expert painters
created four paintings, each of which was the artist's interpretation of one of
four different pieces of instrumental music. Participants were able to identify
which paintings were inspired by which pieces of music at statistically
significant above-chance levels. The findings support the hypothesis that
creative ideas can exist in an at least somewhat domain-independent state of
potentiality and become more well-defined as they are actualized in accordance
with the constraints of a particular domain.


title: Measurement of Inclusive Production of Light Charged Hadrons at BaBar

abstract:
  Inclusive hadron production cross sections in e+e-collisions shed light on
the fundamental fragmentation and hadronization processes. We present
measurements of the inclusive spectra of charged pions, kaons and protons in
hadronic events at a center-of-mass energy of 10.54 \gev. These results are
compared with theoretical predictions and the predictions of three
hadronization models. Along with previous measurements at higher energies, they
are also used to study the scaling properties of hadron production.


title:
Edgewise subdivisions, local $h$-polynomials and excedances in the
  wreath product $\ZZ_r \wr \mathfrak{S}_n$

abstract:
  The coefficients of the local $h$-polynomial of the barycentric subdivision
of the simplex with $n$ vertices are known to count derangements in the
symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_n$ by the number of excedances. A generalization
of this interpretation is given for the local $h$-polynomial of the $r$th
edgewise subdivision of the barycentric subdivision of the simplex. This
polynomial is shown to be $\gamma$-nonnegative and a combinatorial
interpretation to the corresponding $\gamma$-coefficients is provided. The new
combinatorial interpretations involve the notions of flag excedance and descent
in the wreath product $\ZZ_r \wr \mathfrak{S}_n$. A related result on the
derangement polynomial for $\ZZ_r \wr \mathfrak{S}_n$, studied by Chow and
Mansour, is also derived from results of Linusson, Shareshian and Wachs on the
homology of Rees products of posets.


title: EVOC: A Computer Model of the Evolution of Culture

abstract:
  EVOC is a computer model of the EVOlution of Culture. It consists of neural
network based agents that invent ideas for actions, and imitate neighbors'
actions. EVOC replicates using a different fitness function the results
obtained with an earlier model (MAV), including (1) an increase in mean fitness
of actions, and (2) an increase and then decrease in the diversity of actions.
Diversity of actions is positively correlated with number of needs, population
size and density, and with the erosion of borders between populations. Slowly
eroding borders maximize diversity, fostering specialization followed by
sharing of fit actions. Square (as opposed to toroidal) worlds also exhibit
higher diversity. Introducing a leader that broadcasts its actions throughout
the population increases the fitness of actions but reduces diversity; these
effects diminish the more leaders there are. Low density populations have less
fit ideas but broadcasting diminishes this effect.


title: The moduli space of polygons with area center

abstract:
  A point $p$ is said to be an area center of a polygon if all of the triangles
composed of $p$ and its edges have one and the same area. We construct a moduli
space $AC_n$ of such $n$-gons and study its geometry and arithmetic. For every
$n\geq 5$, the moduli space is proved to be a rational complete intersection
subvariety in $\mathbb{A}^n$. With the help of some subvarieties of low degree
in $AC_n$, we also find a unified method of construction of good-looking
polygons with area center.


title:
Steganography using the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
  (XMPP)

abstract:
  We present here the first work to propose different mechanisms for hiding
data in the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP). This is a very
popular instant messaging protocol used by many messaging platforms such as
Google Talk, Cisco, LiveJournal and many others. Our paper describes how to
send a secret message from one XMPP client to another, without raising the
suspicion of any intermediaries. The methods described primarily focus on using
the underlying protocol as a means for steganography, unlike other related
works that try to hide data in the content of instant messages. In doing so, we
provide a more robust means of data hiding and additionally offer some
preliminary analysis of its general security, in particular against
entropic-based steganalysis.


title:
Studying Complexity in Solar Wind Plasma During Shock Events. Part I:
  Nonextensive Tsallis Statistics

abstract:
  Novel results which reveal phase transition processes in the solar wind
plasma during shock events are presented in this study which is the first part
of a trilogy concerning the solar wind complexity. Solar wind plasma is a
typical case of stochastic spatiotemporal distribution of physical magnitudes
such as force fields (B, E) and matter fields (particle and current densities
or bulk plasma distributions). The results of this study can be understood in
the framework of modern theoretical concepts such as non-extensive statistical
mechanics (Tsallis, 2009), fractal topology (Zelenyi and Milovanov, 2004),
turbulence theory (Frisch,1996), strange dynamics (Zaslavsky, 2002),
percolation theory (Milovanov, 1997), anomalous diffusion theory and anomalous
transport theory (Milovanov, 2001), fractional dynamics (Tarasov, 2007) and
non-equilibrium phase transition theory (Chang, 1992). This study shows clearly
the non-extensive and non-Gaussian character of the solar wind plasma and the
existence of multi-scale strong correlations from the microscopic to the
macroscopic level. This result indicates the inefficiency of classical MHD or
plasma statistical theories based on the classical central limit theorem to
explain the complexity of the solar wind dynamics, since these theories include
smooth and differentiable spatial-temporal functions (MHD theory) or Gaussian
statistics (Boltzmann-Maxwell statistical mechanics). However, the results of
this study indicate the presence of non-Gaussian non-extensive statistics with
heavy tails probability distribution functions, which are related to the
q-extension of central limit theorem.


title: Weyl gravity as general relativity

abstract:
  When the full connection of Weyl conformal gravity is varied instead of just
the metric, the resulting vacuum field equations reduce to the vacuum Einstein
equation, up to the choice of local units, if and only if the torsion vanishes.
This result differs strongly from the usual fourth-order formulation of Weyl
gravity.


title:
Gromov's alternative, contact shape, and C^0-rigidity of contact
  diffeomorphisms

abstract:
  We prove that the group of contact diffeomorphisms is closed in the group of
all diffeomorphisms in the C^0-topology. By Gromov's alternative, it suffices
to exhibit a diffeomorphism that can not be approximated uniformly by contact
diffeomorphisms. Our construction uses Eliashberg's contact shape.


title:
Langlands correspondence for isocrystals and the existence of
  crystalline companions for curves

abstract:
  In this paper, we show the Langlands correspondence for isocrystals on
curves. This shows the existence of crystalline companion in the curve case.
For the proof, we construct the theory of arithmetic $\mathscr{D}$-modules for
algebraic stacks whose diagonal morphisms are finite.


title: Adiabatic quantum optimization with the wrong Hamiltonian

abstract:
  Analog models of quantum information processing, such as adiabatic quantum
computation and analog quantum simulation, require the ability to subject a
system to precisely specified Hamiltonians. Unfortunately, the hardware used to
implement these Hamiltonians will be imperfect and limited in its precision.
Even small perturbations and imprecisions can have profound effects on the
nature of the ground state. Here we consider an imperfect implementation of
adiabatic quantum optimization and show that, for a widely applicable random
control noise model, quantum stabilizer encodings are able to reduce the
effective noise magnitude and thus improve the likelihood of a successful
computation or simulation. This reduction builds upon two design principles:
summation of equivalent logical operators to increase the energy scale of the
encoded optimization problem, and the inclusion of a penalty term comprising
the sum of the code stabilizer elements. We illustrate our findings with an
Ising ladder and show that classical repetition coding drastically increases
the probability that the ground state of a perturbed model is decodable to that
of the unperturbed model, while using only realistic two-body interaction.
Finally, we note that the repetition encoding is a special case of quantum
stabilizer encodings, and show that this in principle allows us to generalize
our results to many types of analog quantum information processing, albeit at
the expense of many-body interactions.


title: On the group-theoretic structure of lifted filter banks

abstract:
  The polyphase-with-advance matrix representations of whole-sample symmetric
(WS) unimodular filter banks form a multiplicative matrix Laurent polynomial
group. Elements of this group can always be factored into lifting matrices with
half-sample symmetric (HS) off-diagonal lifting filters; such linear phase
lifting factorizations are specified in the ISO/IEC JPEG 2000 image coding
standard. Half-sample symmetric unimodular filter banks do not form a group,
but such filter banks can be partially factored into a cascade of whole-sample
antisymmetric (WA) lifting matrices starting from a concentric, equal-length HS
base filter bank. An algebraic framework called a group lifting structure has
been introduced to formalize the group-theoretic aspects of matrix lifting
factorizations. Despite their pronounced differences, it has been shown that
the group lifting structures for both the WS and HS classes satisfy a polyphase
order-increasing property that implies uniqueness ("modulo rescaling") of
irreducible group lifting factorizations in both group lifting structures.
These unique factorization results can in turn be used to characterize the
group-theoretic structure of the groups generated by the WS and HS group
lifting structures.


title:
A study on the quasiconinuum approximations of a one-dimensional
  fracture model

abstract:
  We study three quasicontinuum approximations of a lattice model for crack
propagation. The influence of the approximation on the bifurcation patterns is
investigated. The estimate of the modeling error is applicable to near and
beyond bifurcation points, which enables us to evaluate the approximation over
a finite range of loading and multiple mechanical equilibria.


title:
Perfect Clustering for Stochastic Blockmodel Graphs via Adjacency
  Spectral Embedding

abstract:
  Vertex clustering in a stochastic blockmodel graph has wide applicability and
has been the subject of extensive research. In thispaper, we provide a short
proof that the adjacency spectral embedding can be used to obtain perfect
clustering for the stochastic blockmodel and the degree-corrected stochastic
blockmodel. We also show an analogous result for the more general random dot
product graph model.


title: Period Changes of Mira Variables, RR Lyrae Stars, and Type II Cepheids

abstract:
  Mira variables, RR Lyrae variables, and type II Cepheids all represent
evolved states of low-mass stars, and long term observations have revealed that
changes in pulsation period occur for each of these classes of variable. Most
Mira variables show small or no period changes, but a few show large period
changes that can plausibly be associated with thermal pulses on the asymptotic
red giant branch. Individual RR Lyrae stars show period changes that do not
accord with the predictions of stellar evolution theory. This may be especially
true for RR Lyrae stars that exhibit the Blazhko effect. However, the average
period changes of all of the RR Lyrae variables within a globular cluster prove
a better but still imperfect match for the predictions of evolutionary theory.
The observed period changes of short period type II Cepheids (BL Her stars) as
well as those of long period type II Cepheids (W Vir stars) are in broad
agreement with the rates of period changes expected from their evolutionary
motions through the instability strip.


title: A Study of RR1 Lightcurve Modulation in OGLE_III Bulge Time-series

abstract:
  We report the results of our study of lightcurve modulation in a sample of
493 RR1 variables from the OGLE-III survey of galactic bulge fields. Each
object in this list has 1500 or more I-band observations. We compare our
findings with earlier studies regarding lightcurve modulation in LMC and
galactic field RR1 stars. We also report the discovery of the modulated-Blazhko
RR1 star OGLE-BLG-RRLYR-03825 which has a Blazhko period of 16.469 d which
itself is modulated with a period of 339.2 d.


title: Three Dimensional Models of RR Lyrae Pulsation

abstract:
  Preliminary polytropic models of a pulsating star have been constructed using
the 3-D Hydrocode SPHC. An embedded Rayleigh-Taylor unstable layer is used to
study the interaction of pulsation and turbulence. The possible importance of
Richtmyer-Meshkov instability is noted for large amplitude pulsation. In
addition, this model spontaneously generates a strong, hot, shock driven
outflow at the upper boundary.


title: Automated Searches for Variable Stars

abstract:
  With recent developments in imaging and computer technology the amount of
available astronomical data has increased dramatically. Although most of these
data sets are not dedicated to the study of variable stars much of it can, with
the application of proper software tools, be recycled for the discovery of new
variable stars. Fits Viewer and Data Retrieval System is a new software package
that takes advantage of modern computer advances to search astronomical data
for new variable stars. More than 200 new variable stars have been found in a
data set taken with the Calvin College Rehoboth Robotic telescope using FVDRS.
One particularly interesting example is a very fast subdwarf B with a 95 minute
orbital period, the fastest currently known of the HW Vir type.


title: Atypical Light Curves

abstract:
  We have identified some two-hundred new variable stars in a systematic study
of a data archive obtained with the Calvin-Rehoboth observatory. Of these, we
present five close binaries showing behaviors presumably due to star spots or
other magnetic activity. For context, we first present two new RS CVn systems
whose behavior can be readily attribute to star spots. Then we present three
new close binary systems that are rather atypical, with light curves that are
changing over time in ways not easily understood in terms of star spot activity
generally associated with magnetically active binary systems called RS CVn
systems. Two of these three are contact binaries that exhibit gradual changes
in average brightness without noticeable changes in light curve shape. A third
system has shown such large changes in light curve morphology that we speculate
this may be a rare instance of a system that transitions back and forth between
contact and noncontact configurations, perhaps driven by magnetic cycles in at
least one member of the binary.


title: Zariski decompositions of numerical cycle classes

abstract:
  We construct a Zariski decomposition for cycle classes of arbitrary
codimension. This decomposition is an analogue of well-known constructions for
divisors. Examples illustrate how Zariski decompositions of cycle classes
reflect the geometry of the underlying space. We also analyze the birational
behavior of Zariski decompositions, leading to a Fujita approximation-type
result for curve classes.


title: The Short Period End of the Distribution of Contact Binary Stars

abstract:
  Contact binary systems (also known as W UMa systems) consist of a pair of
hydrogen-burning dwarf stars orbiting each other so closely that they share a
common envelope. Although they are relatively common, there is as yet no
established consensus on the principle evolutionary questions surrounding them:
how do they form, how do they evolve over time, what do they become?
  One observational clue to their evolutionary history has been the abrupt
termination of the orbital period distribution around 5.2 hours. We have
undertaken an observational study of this by 1) discovery of fast W UMa systems
in our Calvin-Rehoboth Observatory data archive, 2) follow-up with the
Calvin-Rehoboth Observatory of candidate fast systems from the Catalina Sky
Survey, and 3) follow-up of other reports of potentially fast systems in other
recently published surveys. We find the follow-up to have been particularly
important as many surveys taken for other purposes lead to ambiguous or
incorrect claims for periods less than five hours.
  Our results to date may be characterized as showing two distinct components:
the steeply decaying tail associated with the previously known cutoff along
with a low-amplitude, but apparently uniform distribution that extends down to
3.6 hours. The confirmation at greater sensitivity of the abruptness of the
cutoff seems to imply that the dominant mechanism for system formation (or the
mechanism that determines system lifetime) does have a strong period
dependence. At the same time, there appears to be a second mechanism at work as
well which leads to the formation of the ultrafast component of the histogram.


title: Man Versus Machine: Eye Estimates in the Age of Digital Imaging

abstract:
  Astronomical observing has been greatly simplified by the development and
implementation of digital imaging techniques and remote observing. Aperture
photometry of CCD data permits photometric measurements to be made routinely
with uncertainties of a few hundredths of a magnitude or better. The question
of whether there is still a place in modern observational astronomy for simple
eye estimates of brightness is considered. Examples of recent uses of eye
estimates are presented. Suggestions for when eye estimates should be avoided
and when they are still worthwhile are offered. The reactions to these
suggestions by the conference audience are summarized.


title:
On the geometric side of the Arthur trace formula for the symplectic
  group of rank 2

abstract:
  We study the non-semisimple terms in the geometric side of the Arthur trace
formula for the split symplectic similitude group or the split symplectic group
of rank 2 over any algebraic number field. In particular, we show that the
coefficients of unipotent orbital integrals are expressed by the Dedekind zeta
function, Hecke L-functions, and the Shintani zeta function for the space of
binary quadratic forms.


title: RR Lyrae Studies with Kepler

abstract:
  The spectacular data delivered by NASA's {\it Kepler} mission have not only
boosted the discovery of planets orbiting other stars, but they have opened a
window on the inner workings of the stars themselves. For the study of the RR
Lyrae stars, Kepler has led to a breakthrough. To date, over 50 RR Lyrae stars
are known in the Kepler field. They are studied within the RR Lyrae/Cepheid
working group of the Kepler Asteroseismic Science Consortium (KASC). This paper
highlights some of the most interesting results on RR Lyrae stars obtained
through Kepler so far.


title: The Kepler RR Lyrae SC Data Set: Period Variation and Blazhko Effect

abstract:
  We study the 1.28 million short cadence {\it Kepler} data points (Q5-Q14) for
RR Lyrae covering 24 cycles of the Blazhko variation, and more than one half of
the 4-year modulation of the Blazhko variation. This very rich data set clearly
shows variability of the 0.5667 day pulsation period (from 0.5655 to 0.5685
day) with each Blazhko cycle, as well as a variation of the Blazhko period
itself (from 39.2 days at amplitude maximum to 38.4 days at amplitude minimum)
during the 4 year modulation, as well as a rapid increase in Blazhko period as
the new cycle commences.


title: To Pulsate or to Eclipse? Status of KIC 9832227 Variable Star

abstract:
  The variable star known as NSVS 5597754 was identified as a short period RRc
field star from ground-based photometry. This star happens to fall in the
Kepler field of view and has been observed for 3 years with the Kepler
spacecraft. Renamed KIC 9832227, this star was reidentified as an eclipsing
binary with a periodicity of 0.457970 days. The NSVS ground based photometry
yielded a period solution of 0.229 days. The Kepler photometry, which sampled
the light cycle every 30 minutes, shows a peculiar behavior that is not purely
eclipsing superposed over the primary variation. Follow-up ground based
observations were taken in 2010 with the 0.6m MSU Observatory to obtain
additional information. I present a summary of the ground based data taken of
this perplexing star and conclusions derived thus far.


title: On the structure of $\mathbb{N}$-graded Vertex Operator Algebras

abstract:
  We consider the algebraic structure of $\mathbb{N}$-graded vertex operator
algebras with conformal grading $V=\oplus_{n\geq 0} V_n$ and $\dim V_0\geq 1$.
We prove several results along the lines that the vertex operators $Y(a, z)$
for $a$ in a Levi factor of the Leibniz algebra $V_1$ generate an affine
Kac-Moody subVOA. If $V$ arises as a shift of a self-dual VOA of CFT-type, we
show that $V_0$ has a `de Rham structure' with many of the properties of the de
Rham cohomology of a complex connected manifold equipped with Poincar\'{e}
duality.


title: Curve diagram for Artin group of type B

abstract:
  We develop a theory of curve diagrams for Artin groups of type B. We define
the winding number labeling and the wall crossing labeling of curve diagrams,
and show that these labelings detect the classical and the dual Garside length,
respectively. A remarkable point is that our argument does not require Garside
theory machinery like normal forms, and is more geometric in nature.


title: Growth of scale-free networks under heterogeneous control

abstract:
  Real-life networks often encounter vertex dysfunctions, which are usually
followed by recoveries after appropriate maintenances. In this paper we present
our research on a model of scale-free networks whose vertices are regularly
removed and put back. Both the frequency and length of time of the
disappearance of each vertex depend on the degree of the vertex, creating a
heterogeneous control over the network. Our simulation results show very
interesting growth pattern of this kind of networks. We also find that the
scale-free property of the degree distribution is maintained in the proposed
heterogeneously controlled networks. However, the overall growth rate of the
networks in our model can be remarkably reduced if the inactive periods of the
vertices are kept long.


title: Designing Markets for Daily Deals

abstract:
  Daily deals platforms such as Amazon Local, Google Offers, GroupOn, and
LivingSocial have provided a new channel for merchants to directly market to
consumers. In order to maximize consumer acquisition and retention, these
platforms would like to offer deals that give good value to users. Currently,
selecting such deals is done manually; however, the large number of submarkets
and localities necessitates an automatic approach to selecting good deals and
determining merchant payments.
  We approach this challenge as a market design problem. We postulate that
merchants already have a good idea of the attractiveness of their deal to
consumers as well as the amount they are willing to pay to offer their deal.
The goal is to design an auction that maximizes a combination of the revenue of
the auctioneer (platform), welfare of the bidders (merchants), and the positive
externality on a third party (the consumer), despite the asymmetry of
information about this consumer benefit. We design auctions that truthfully
elicit this information from the merchants and maximize the social welfare
objective, and we characterize the consumer welfare functions for which this
objective is truthfully implementable. We generalize this characterization to a
very broad mechanism-design setting and give examples of other applications.


title: Colors of c-type RR Lyrae Stars and Interstellar Reddening

abstract:
  RR Lyrae stars pulsating in the fundamental mode have long been used to
measure interstellar reddening, based on their observed uniformity of $B-V$
color at minimum light after small corrections for metallicity and period are
applied. However, little attention has been paid to the first overtone
pulsators (RRc or RR1). We present new $V-I$ observations of field RRc stars,
supplemented with published data from uncrowded RRc in globular clusters.
Preliminary results indicate the RRc colors are correlated with period, but
appear to be independent of the stars' metallicity. The scatter around the
period-color relation is slightly larger than a comparable relation for RRab.
Thus, RRc can be useful indicators of line of sight reddening toward old
stellar systems, particularly when multiple stars are available as in
Oosterhoff II globular clusters and metal-poor galaxies.


title: Panning for RRL Nuggets in the SDSS-DR9, Single Epoch Spectra

abstract:
  The SDSS has been a gold mine for understanding properties of the Milky Way.
Below, in the watershed, there remain small nuggets to be found flowing from
the deepest recesses of the mine. The SDSS-DR9 included the release of the
flux- and wavelength-calibrated, individual spectra which were subsequently
combined to form the composite spectra found in previous SDSS data releases.
These single-epoch spectra (SES) can be analyzed to find flux and spectral line
variability, and to probe aspects of phase variations for objects such as RRL
stars. For $\sim 45%$ of the spectra in the RRL color range, SES were taken on
separate nights, sometimes weeks apart. The remaining dataset have a time
baseline of 0.75 to 1.5 hours and consist of 4-7 separate exposures. In my talk
I will present details of our project to detect variability and to constrain
the pulsation phase at the time of observation. I will discuss our
auto-detection technique that uses division of all SES for a given star to
search for variations in the flux, the hydrogen Balmer lines and the CaII K
line. This procedure is being tested against known variables and non-variable
stars within Stripe 82 to determine the identification effectiveness as a
function of signal-to-noise, RRL type, and time baseline length. I will also
discuss the use of empirical standard star templates to predict pulsation phase
from the combination of hydrogen line strengths and radial velocity variations.
Our ultimate goal is to combine the SES analysis with our new metallicity
calibration in order to increase the number of RRL stars that have reliable
metallicity determinations and which can then be used to probe the structure of
the Milky Way halo.


title: Gamma-Ray Burst Spectrum with Decaying Magnetic Field

abstract:
  In the internal shock model for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the synchrotron
spectrum from the fast cooling electrons in a homogeneous downstream magnetic
field (MF) is too soft to produce the low-energy slope of GRB spectra. However
the magnetic field may decay downstream with distance from the shock front.
Here we show that the synchrotron spectrum becomes harder if electrons undergo
synchrotron and inverse-Compton cooling in a decaying MF. To reconcile this
with the typical GRB spectrum with low energy slope $\nu F_\nu\propto\nu$, it
is required that the postshock MF decay time is comparable to the cooling time
of the bulk electrons (corresponding to a MF decaying length typically of
$\sim10^5$ skin depths); that the inverse-Compton cooling should dominate
synchrotron cooling after the MF decay time; and/or that the MF decays with
comoving time roughly as $B\propto t^{-1.5}$. An internal shock synchrotron
model with a decaying MF can account for the majority of GRBs with low energy
slopes not harder than $\nu^{4/3}$.


title: The Impending Demise of Comet C/2012 S1 ISON

abstract:
  We present evidence to conclude that comet C/2012 S1 ISON is about to turn
off or disintegrate.


title: RR Lyrae in the LMC: Insights Into the Oosterhoff Phenomenon

abstract:
  Although more than eight decades have passed since P. Th. Oosterhoff drew
attention to differences in the properties of RR Lyrae variables in globular
clusters, the origin and significance of the Oosterhoff groups remain unclear.
Nonetheless, the accumulation of extensive new observations of RR Lyrae stars
in globular clusters of the Milky Way and Local Group galaxies allows a fresh
look at the phenomenon. Insights come not only from surveys of variables within
the original Oosterhoff groups I and II but also from recent observations of
the Oosterhoff-intermediate systems found especially in smaller Local Group
galaxies. We will compare properties of RR Lyrae in several systems to
investigate what they reveal about system-to-system differences of transition
temperature between fundamental-mode and first overtone pulsators and of
horizontal branch luminosity. Both transition temperature and horizontal branch
luminosity have at various times been credited as playing roles in the creation
of the Oosterhoff dichotomy.


title:
Discriminating hadronic and quark stars through gravitational waves of
  fluid pulsation modes

abstract:
  We investigate non-radial oscillations of hadronic, hybrid and pure
self-bound strange quark stars with maximum masses above the mass of the
recently observed massive pulsars PSR J1614-2230 and PSR J0348-0432 with $M
\approx 2 M_{\odot}$. For the hadronic equation of state we employ different
parametrizations of a relativistic mean-field model and for quark matter we use
the MIT bag model including the effect of strong interactions and color
superconductivity. We find that the first pressure mode for strange quark stars
has a very different shape than for hadronic and hybrid stars. For strange
quarks stars the frequency of the p1 mode is larger than 6 kHz and diverge at
small stellar masses, but for hadronic and hybrid stars it is in the range 4-6
kHz. This allows an observational identification of strange stars even if extra
information such as the mass, the radius or the gravitational redshift of the
object is unavailable or uncertain. Also, we find as in previous works that the
frequency of the g-mode associated with the quark-hadron discontinuity in a
hybrid star is in the range 0.4-1 kHz for all masses. Thus, compact objects
emitting gravitational waves above 6 kHz should be interpreted as strange quark
stars and those emitting a signal within 0.4-1 kHz should be interpreted as
hybrid stars.


title: Newton Polytopes of Cluster Variables of Type A_n

abstract:
  We study Newton polytopes of cluster variables in type A_n cluster algebras,
whose cluster and coefficient variables are indexed by the diagonals and
boundary segments of a polygon. Our main results include an explicit
description of the affine hull and facets of the Newton polytope of the Laurent
expansion of any cluster variable, with respect to any cluster. In particular,
we show that every Laurent monomial in a Laurent expansion of a type A cluster
variable corresponds to a vertex of the Newton polytope. We also describe the
face lattice of each Newton polytope via an isomorphism with the lattice of
elementary subgraphs of the associated snake graph.


title: Morphology in the Era of Large Surveys

abstract:
  The study of galaxies has changed dramatically over the past few decades with
the advent of large-scale astronomical surveys. These large collaborative
efforts have made available high-quality imaging and spectroscopy of hundreds
of thousands of systems, providing a body of observations which has
significantly enhanced our understanding not only of cosmology and large-scale
structure in the universe but also of the astrophysics of galaxy formation and
evolution. Throughout these changes, one thing that has remained constant is
the role of galaxy morphology as a clue to understanding galaxies. But
obtaining morphologies for large numbers of galaxies is challenging; this
topic, "Morphology in the era of large surveys", was the subject of a recent
discussion meeting at the Royal Astronomical Society, and this "Astronomy and
Geophysics" article is a report on that meeting.


title: Near-Capacity Adaptive Analog Fountain Codes for Wireless Channels

abstract:
  In this paper, we propose a capacity-approaching analog fountain code (AFC)
for wireless channels. In AFC, the number of generated coded symbols is
potentially limitless. In contrast to the conventional binary rateless codes,
each coded symbol in AFC is a real-valued symbol, generated as a weighted sum
of $d$ randomly selected information bits, where $d$ and the weight
coefficients are randomly selected from predefined probability mass functions.
The coded symbols are then directly transmitted through wireless channels. We
analyze the error probability of AFC and design the weight set to minimize the
error probability. Simulation results show that AFC achieves the capacity of
the Gaussian channel in a wide range of signal to noise ratio (SNR).


title:
A Quantum Model of Exaptation: Incorporating Potentiality into
  Evolutionary Theory

abstract:
  The phenomenon of preadaptation, or exaptation (wherein a trait that
originally evolved to solve one problem is co-opted to solve a new problem)
presents a formidable challenge to efforts to describe biological phenomena
using a classical (Kolmogorovian) mathematical framework. We develop a quantum
framework for exaptation with examples from both biological and cultural
evolution. The state of a trait is written as a linear superposition of a set
of basis states, or possible forms the trait could evolve into, in a complex
Hilbert space. These basis states are represented by mutually orthogonal unit
vectors, each weighted by an amplitude term. The choice of possible forms
(basis states) depends on the adaptive function of interest (e.g., ability to
metabolize lactose or thermoregulate), which plays the role of the observable.
Observables are represented by self-adjoint operators on the Hilbert space. The
possible forms (basis states) corresponding to this adaptive function
(observable) are called eigenstates. The framework incorporates key features of
exaptation: potentiality, contextuality, nonseparability, and emergence of new
features. However, since it requires that one enumerate all possible contexts,
its predictive value is limited, consistent with the assertion that there
exists no biological equivalent to "laws of motion" by which we can predict the
evolution of the biosphere.


title:
Stochastic Bloch-Redfield theory: quantum jumps in a solid-state
  environment

abstract:
  We discuss mapping the Bloch-Redfield master-equation to Lindblad form and
then unravelling the resulting evolution into a stochastic Schr\"odinger
equation according to the quantum-jump method. We give two approximations under
which this mapping is valid. This approach enables us to study
solid-state-systems of much larger sizes than is possible with the standard
Bloch-Redfield master-equation, while still providing a systematic method for
obtaining the jump operators and corresponding rates. We also show how the
stochastic unravelling of the Bloch-Redfield equations becomes the kinetic
Monte Carlo (KMC) algorithm in the secular approximation when the
system-bath-coupling operators are given by tunnelling-operators between
system-eigenstates. The stochastic unravelling is compared to the conventional
Bloch-Redfield approach with the superconducting single electron transistor
(SSET) as an example.


title: Radiative Efficiency of Disk Accretion in Individual SDSS QSOs

abstract:
  We estimate the radiative efficiency (epsilon) of individual type 1 SDSS QSOs
by using their bolometric luminosities (L_{bol}) and accretion rates
(\dot{M}_{\bullet,acc}), which may be related to the assembly histories and
spins of the central massive black holes (MBHs). We estimate L_{bol} by using
the empirical spectral energy distributions of QSOs and \dot{M}_{\bullet,acc}
by fitting the observed optical luminosity(/-ies) with the thin accretion disk
model, assuming the MBH masses given by the virial mass estimator(s)
(M_{\bullet,vir}). We find an apparent correlation between epsilon and
M_{\bullet,vir}, which is strong at redshift z \la 1.8, weak at z \ga 2, and
consistent with that found by Davis & Laor (2011) for 80 PG QSOs at z \leq 0.5.
To investigate whether this correlation is intrinsic or not, we construct a
mock sample of QSOs according to the true MBH mass and Eddington ratio
distributions given in Kelly & Shen (2013). By comparing the results obtained
from the mock sample with that from the SDSS sample, we demonstrate that the
apparent epsilon-M_{\bullet,vir} correlation can be produced by and mainly due
to the selection effects of the SDSS sample and the bias induced by the usage
of M_{\bullet,vir} as the true MBH mass. The mean values of epsilon of those
SDSS QSOs are consistent with being a constant \simeq 0.11-0.16 over the
redshift range of 0.3 \la z \la 4. We conclude that the current SDSS QSO data
is consistent with no strong intrinsic correlation between radiative efficiency
and true MBH mass and no significant redshift evolution of radiative
efficiencies.


title: Muons in EAS with E>=10^17eV according to the data from Yakutsk array

abstract:
  The lateral distribution of muons with threshold energy e ~ 1*sec(theta) GeV
have been studied in showers with energy E>=10^17 eV. The data considered in
the analysis have been collected from November 2011 to June 2013. Experimental
values are compared to predictions obtained with the use of CORSIKA code within
the framework of various hadron interaction models. The best agreement between
experiment and theory is observed for QGSJETII-04 model. At E~10^17 eV it
complies to a mixed cosmic ray composition with the mean atomic number
<lnA>~3.0+/-0.5. At E>= 4*10^17 eV the composition varies around the value
<lnA>~0.5.


title: Biharmonic maps from a 2-sphere

abstract:
  Motivated by the rich theory of harmonic maps from a 2-sphere, we study
biharmonic maps from a 2-sphere in this paper. We first derive biharmonic
equation for rotationally symmetric maps between rotationally symmetric
2-manifolds. We then apply the equation to obtain a classification of
biharmonic maps in a family of rotationally symmetric maps between 2-spheres.
We also find many examples of proper biharmonic maps defined locally on a
2-sphere. Our results seem to suggest that any biharmonic map
$S^2\longrightarrow (N^n, h)$ be a weakly conformal immersion.


title: Study of top quark pair production near threshold at the ILC

abstract:
  We report on a study of top pair production at the International Linear
Collider (ILC) around center of mass energy (E$_{\rm CM}$) = 350 GeV using an
ILD detector simulator based on the Detailed Baseline Design (DBD)
configuration. Here we will report on a result of 6-Jet final state, $t\ bar{t}
\rightarrow bWbW \rightarrow bqqbqq$. A result for the 4-Jet final state, $t\
bar{t} \rightarrow bWbW \rightarrow bqqbl\nu$, which has almost the same
statics as that of the 6-Jet final state will be included in the future. For an
energy scan of 11 center of mass energy points (340 - 350GeV) and two beam
polarization combinations (P($e^+,\ e^-$) = ($\pm$0.3, $\mp$0.8)) with 10
fb$^{-1}$ each, the statistical errors on the top quark Yukawa coupling, its
mass and width are estimated. The results are $\delta y_t$ = 4.2%, $\delta m_t$
= 16 MeV in potential subtracted scheme (PS), and $\delta \Gamma_t$ = 21 MeV.


title:
High-latitude supergiant V5112 Sgr: enrichment of the envelope with
  heavy s-process metals

abstract:
  High-resolution (R=60000) echelle spectroscopy of the post-AGB supergiant
V5112 Sgr performed in 1996-2012 with the 6-m telescope BTA has revealed
peculiarities of the star optical spectrum and has allowed the variability of
the velocity field in the stellar atmosphere and envelope to be studied in
detail. An asymmetry and splitting of strong absorption lines with a low
lower-level excitation potential have been detected for the first time. The
effect is maximal in BaII lines whose profile is split into three components.
The profile shape and positions of the split lines change with time. The blue
components of the split absorption lines are shown to be formed in a structured
circumstellar envelope, suggesting an efficient dredge-up of the heavy metals
produced during the preceding evolution of this star into the envelope. The
envelope expansion velocities have been estimated to be 20 and 30 km/s. The
mean radial velocity from diffuse bands in the spectrum of V5112 Sgr coincides
with that from the short-wavelength shell component of the NaI D lines, which
leads to the conclusion about their formation in the circumstellar envelope.
Analysis of the set of radial velocities Vr based on symmetric absorption lines
has confirmed the presence of pulsations in the stellar atmosphere with an
amplitude 8 km/s.


title:
Scalar Transfer across a Turbulent/non-turbulent Interface in a Planar
  Jet

abstract:
  This fluid dynamics video is an entry for the Gallery of Fluid Motion of the
66th Annual Meeting of the APS-DFD. In this video, the scalar transfer across
the turbulent/non-turbulent (T/NT) interface in a planar jet is investigated by
using a direct numerical simulation. Visualization of the scalar flux across
the T/NT interface shows that the diffusive species premixed in the ambient
flow is transferred into the turbulent region mainly across the leading edge
(Here, the leading edge is the T/NT interface across which the turbulent fluid
turns into the non-turbulent fluid in the streamwise direction).


title: DC conductivity in an s-wave superconducting single vortex system

abstract:
  We study dynamics of a two-dimensional s-wave superconductor in the presence
of a moving single vortex. Our analysis is based on the quasiclassical theory
including the Hall term, generalized by Kita[T. Kita, PRB, 64, 054503 (2001)].
We numerically calculate the linear response of a moving single vortex driven
by a dc external current in a self-consistent way, in the sense that Dyson
equation, gap equation, Maxwell equations and generalized quasiclassical
equation are solved simultaneously. We obtain Hall conductivity induced by
vortex motion using the generalized quasiclassical equation, while we confirm
that it vanishes in the conventional quasiclassical equation.


title: The effect of normal metal layers in ferromagnetic Josephson junctions

abstract:
  Using the Usadel equation approach, we provide a compact formalism to
calculate the critical current density of 21 different types of ferromagnetic
(F) Josephson junctions containing insulating (I) and normal metal (N) layers
in the weak link regions. In particular, we obtain that even a thin additional
N layer may shift the 0-$\pi$ transitions to larger or smaller values of the
thickness $d_F$ of the ferromagnet, depending on its conducting properties. For
certain values of $d_F$, a 0-$\pi$ transition can even be achieved by changing
only the N layer thickness. We use our model to fit experimental data of SIFS
and SINFS tunnel junctions, where S is a superconducting electrode.


title:
Prepulse and amplified spontaneous emission effects on the interaction
  of a petawatt class laser with thin solid targets

abstract:
  When a finite contrast petawatt laser pulse irradiates a micron-thick foil, a
prepulse (including amplified spontaneous emission) creates a preplasma, where
an ultrashort relativistically strong portion of the laser pulse (the main
pulse) acquires higher intensity due to relativistic self-focusing and
undergoes fast depletion transferring energy to fast electrons. If the
preplasma thickness is optimal, the main pulse can reach the target generating
fast ions more efficiently than an ideal, infinite contrast, laser pulse. A
simple analytical model of a target with preplasma formation is developed and
the radiation pressure dominant acceleration of ions in this target is
predicted. The preplasma formation by a nanosecond prepulse is analyzed with
dissipative hydrodynamic simulations. The main pulse interaction with the
preplasma is studied with multi-parametric particle-in-cell simulations. The
optimal conditions for hundreds of MeV ion acceleration are found with
accompanying effects important for diagnostics, including high-order harmonics
generation.


title: Design of Generic Framework for Botnet Detection in Network Forensics

abstract:
  With the raise in practice of Internet, in social, personal, commercial and
other aspects of life, the cybercrime is as well escalating at an alarming
rate. Such usage of Internet in diversified areas also augmented the illegal
activities, which in turn, bids many network attacks and threats. Network
forensics is used to detect the network attacks. This can be viewed as the
extension of network security. It is the technology, which detects and also
suggests prevention of the various network attacks. Botnet is one of the most
common attacks and is regarded as a network of hacked computers. It captures
the network packet, store it and then analyze and correlate to find the source
of attack. Various methods based on this approach for botnet detection are in
literature, but a generalized method is lacking. So, there is a requirement to
design a generic framework that can be used by any botnet detection. This
framework is of use for researchers, in the development of their own method of
botnet detection, by means of providing methodology and guidelines. In this
paper, various prevalent methods of botnet detection are studied, commonalities
among them are established and then a generalized model for the detection of
botnet is proposed. The proposed framework is described as UML diagrams.


title: Canonical systems of basic invariants for unitary reflection groups

abstract:
  It has been known that there exists a canonical system for every finite real
reflection group. The first and the third authors obtained an explicit formula
for a canonical system in the previous paper. In this article, we first define
canonical systems for the finite unitary reflection groups, and then prove
their existence. Our proof does not depend on the classification of unitary
reflection groups. Furthermore, we give an explicit formula for a canonical
system for every unitary reflection group.


title:
Spin snake states with spin-orbit and Zeeman interactions in an
  inhomogeneous magnetic field

abstract:
  We study the spin edge states, induced by the combined effect of
Bychkov-Rashba spin-orbit, Zeeman interactions and inhomogeneous magnetic
field, exposed perpendicularly to two-dimensional electron systems. We
calculate analytically the spectrum of the spin edge states (the spin snakes
orbits) in systems where the magnetic field exhibits a discontinuous jump in
the transverse direction and changes its sign at the magnetic interface. The
obtained magnetic spin edge states in a 2DES exhibit several interesting
properties: in particular, electrons reverse their propagation direction at
finite values of their momentum.


title: On the Delay Scaling Laws of Cache Networks

abstract:
  The Internet is becoming more and more content-oriented, where one of main
components in content-oriented Internet architectures is network caching.
Despite a surge of extensive use of network cashing in the current and future
Internet architectures, analysis on the performance of general cache networks
are still quite limited due to complex inter-plays among various components and
thus analytical intractability. We study asymptotic delay performance of cache
networks, in particular, focusing on the impact of heterogeneous content
popularities and nodes' geometric `importances' in caching policies. Our
theoretical findings provide useful engineering implications such as when and
how various factors have impact on caching performance, and we provide
extensive simulation results on the real Internet topology.


title:
Improving the Quality of MT Output using Novel Name Entity Translation
  Scheme

abstract:
  This paper presents a novel approach to machine translation by combining the
state of art name entity translation scheme. Improper translation of name
entities lapse the quality of machine translated output. In this work, name
entities are transliterated by using statistical rule based approach. This
paper describes the translation and transliteration of name entities from
English to Punjabi. We have experimented on four types of name entities which
are: Proper names, Location names, Organization names and miscellaneous.
Various rules for the purpose of syllabification have been constructed.
Transliteration of name entities is accomplished with the help of Probability
calculation. N-Gram probabilities for the extracted syllables have been
calculated using statistical machine translation toolkit MOSES.


title: Vector Beta function

abstract:
  We propose various properties of renormalization group beta functions for
vector operators in relativistic quantum field theories. We argue that they
must satisfy compensated gauge invariance, orthogonality with respect to scalar
beta functions, Higgs-like relation among anomalous dimensions and a gradient
property. We further conjecture that non-renormalization holds if and only if
the vector operator is conserved. The local renormalization group analysis
guarantees the first three within power counting renormalization. We verify all
the conjectures in conformal perturbation theories and holography in the weakly
coupled gravity regime.


title: Development of Marathi Part of Speech Tagger Using Statistical Approach

abstract:
  Part-of-speech (POS) tagging is a process of assigning the words in a text
corresponding to a particular part of speech. A fundamental version of POS
tagging is the identification of words as nouns, verbs, adjectives etc. For
processing natural languages, Part of Speech tagging is a prominent tool. It is
one of the simplest as well as most constant and statistical model for many NLP
applications. POS Tagging is an initial stage of linguistics, text analysis
like information retrieval, machine translator, text to speech synthesis,
information extraction etc. In POS Tagging we assign a Part of Speech tag to
each word in a sentence and literature. Various approaches have been proposed
to implement POS taggers. In this paper we present a Marathi part of speech
tagger. It is morphologically rich language. Marathi is spoken by the native
people of Maharashtra. The general approach used for development of tagger is
statistical using Unigram, Bigram, Trigram and HMM Methods. It presents a clear
idea about all the algorithms with suitable examples. It also introduces a tag
set for Marathi which can be used for tagging Marathi text. In this paper we
have shown the development of the tagger as well as compared to check the
accuracy of taggers output. The three Marathi POS taggers viz. Unigram, Bigram,
Trigram and HMM gives the accuracy of 77.38%, 90.30%, 91.46% and 93.82%
respectively.


title: Learning Lambek grammars from proof frames

abstract:
  In addition to their limpid interface with semantics, categorial grammars
enjoy another important property: learnability. This was first noticed by
Buskowsky and Penn and further studied by Kanazawa, for Bar-Hillel categorial
grammars.
  What about Lambek categorial grammars? In a previous paper we showed that
product free Lambek grammars where learnable from structured sentences, the
structures being incomplete natural deductions. These grammars were shown to be
unlearnable from strings by Foret and Le Nir. In the present paper we show that
Lambek grammars, possibly with product, are learnable from proof frames that
are incomplete proof nets.
  After a short reminder on grammatical inference \`a la Gold, we provide an
algorithm that learns Lambek grammars with product from proof frames and we
prove its convergence. We do so for 1-valued also known as rigid Lambek
grammars with product, since standard techniques can extend our result to
$k$-valued grammars. Because of the correspondence between cut-free proof nets
and normal natural deductions, our initial result on product free Lambek
grammars can be recovered.
  We are sad to dedicate the present paper to Philippe Darondeau, with whom we
started to study such questions in Rennes at the beginning of the millennium,
and who passed away prematurely.
  We are glad to dedicate the present paper to Jim Lambek for his 90 birthday:
he is the living proof that research is an eternal learning process.


title: Time-series photometry of Earth flyby asteroid 2012 DA14

abstract:
  Context. The object 2012 DA14 is a near-Earth asteroid with a size of several
tens of meters. It had approached closely the Earth on 15 February, 2013 UT,
providing an opportunity for precise measurements of this tiny asteroid. Aims.
The solar phase angle of 2012 DA14 had varied widely around its closest
approach but was almost constant during the following night. We performed
time-series photometric observations on those two nights to determine the
rotational properties and phase effect. Methods. The observations were carried
out using the 0.55-m telescope at Saitama University, Japan. The R-band images
were obtained continuously over a 2 hr period at the closest approach and for
about 5 hr on the next night. Results. The lightcurve data from the second
night indicates a rotational period of 11.0 +1.8/-0.6 hr and a peak-to-peak
amplitude of 1.59 +/- 0.02 mag. The brightness variation before and after the
closest approach was separated into two components that are derived from the
rotation and phase effect. We found that the phase curve slope of this asteroid
is significantly shallower than those of other L-type asteroids. Conclusions.
We suggest that 2012 DA14 is coated with a coarse surface that lacks fine
regolith particles and/or a high albedo surface.


title:
Subjective and Objective Evaluation of English to Urdu Machine
  Translation

abstract:
  Machine translation is research based area where evaluation is very important
phenomenon for checking the quality of MT output. The work is based on the
evaluation of English to Urdu Machine translation. In this research work we
have evaluated the translation quality of Urdu language which has been
translated by using different Machine Translation systems like Google, Babylon
and Ijunoon. The evaluation process is done by using two approaches - Human
evaluation and Automatic evaluation. We have worked for both the approaches
where in human evaluation emphasis is given to scales and parameters while in
automatic evaluation emphasis is given to some automatic metric such as BLEU,
GTM, METEOR and ATEC.


title: X-ray Emission from Magnetic Cataclysmic Variables

abstract:
  I present a brief review of the present status of X-ray emission from
Magnetic Cataclysmic Variables (MCVs). A short introduction to the types of
Cataclysmic Variables (CVs) is followed by a presentation of some of the
properties of the two types of MCVs - Polars and Intermediate Polars (IPs) as
seen in X-rays. Finally X-ray spectra of MCVs and future prospects of their
studies are discussed.


title: Chemical Abundances of RR Lyrae Type C Star AS162158

abstract:
  We report the first extensive model atmosphere and detailed chemical
abundance study of eight RR Lyrae variable stars of c subclass throughout their
pulsation cycles. Atmospheric parameters effective temperature, surface
gravity, microturbulent velocity, and metallicity have been derived. Spectra
for this abundace analysis have been obtained with the echelle spectrograph of
100-inch du Pont telescope at Las Campanas Observatory. We have found
metallicities and element abundance ratios to be constant within observational
uncertainties at all phases of all stars. Moreover, the $\alpha$-element and
Fe-group abundance ratios with respect to iron are consistent with other
horizontal-branch members (RRab, blue and red non-variables). The [Fe/H] values
of these eight RRc stars have been used to anchor the metallicity scale of a
much larger sample of RRc stars obtained with low S/N "snapshot" spectra.


title: Rule Based Stemmer in Urdu

abstract:
  Urdu is a combination of several languages like Arabic, Hindi, English,
Turkish, Sanskrit etc. It has a complex and rich morphology. This is the reason
why not much work has been done in Urdu language processing. Stemming is used
to convert a word into its respective root form. In stemming, we separate the
suffix and prefix from the word. It is useful in search engines, natural
language processing and word processing, spell checkers, word parsing, word
frequency and count studies. This paper presents a rule based stemmer for Urdu.
The stemmer that we have discussed here is used in information retrieval. We
have also evaluated our results by verifying it with a human expert.


title: Refined hexagons for differential cohomology

abstract:
  Cheeger-Simons differential characters and differential $K$-theory are
refinements of ordinary cohomology theory and topological $K$-theory
respectively, and they are examples of differential cohomology. Each of these
differential cohomology theories fits into a hexagon on the cohomology level.
We show that these differential cohomology theories fit into hexagons on the
cocycle level, and the hexagons on the cocycle level induce the hexagons on the
cohomology level.


title: Proton structure and elastic scattering amplitudes

abstract:
  Three main statements are advocated in this talk:
  1. Protons become more active at the periphery with increase of their
collision energy as follows from comparison of ISR and LHC data.
  2. The geometric scaling is violated even in the diffraction region as
follows from comparison of lower energy and LHC data.
  3. The problem of the ratio of real to imaginary parts of the elastic
scattering amplitude at non-zero transferred momenta is very crucial.
  The talk is based on arXiv:1206.5474 (review), 1202.2016, 1204.1914,
1204.4866, 1208.3073, 1209.1935, 1212.3313, 1304.5345, 1306.5384. All papers
have been published already.


title: Upper bound of multiplicity of F-rational rings and F-pure rings

abstract:
  This paper answers in the affirmative a question raised by Karl Schwede
concerning an upper bound on the multiplicity of F-pure rings.


title:
The atlas of the diagrams for the generalization of the 4th Appelrot
  class of especially remarkable motions to a gyrostat in a double force field

abstract:
  For the system with two degrees of freedom, which is an analogue of the 4th
Appelrot class for a gyrostat of the Kowalevski type in a double force field
the problem of the classification of bifurcation diagrams is solved. The
separating set is built and its completeness is proved. All transformations
taking place in the diagrams are shown. The results serve as a necessary part
of solving the problem of obtaining the topological invariants for the Reyman -
Semenov-Tian-Shansky system.


title:
Real-time Optimization and Adaptation of the Crosswind Flight of
  Tethered Wings for Airborne Wind Energy

abstract:
  Airborne wind energy systems aim to generate renewable energy by means of the
aerodynamic lift produced by a wing tethered to the ground and controlled to
fly crosswind paths. The problem of maximizing the average power developed by
the generator, in presence of limited information on wind speed and direction,
is considered. At constant tether speed operation, the power is related to the
traction force generated by the wing. First, a study of the traction force is
presented for a general path parametrization. In particular, the sensitivity of
the traction force on the path parameters is analyzed. Then, the results of
this analysis are exploited to design an algorithm to maximize the force, hence
the power, in real-time. The algorithm uses only the measured traction force on
the tether and it is able to adapt the system's operation to maximize the
average force with uncertain and time-varying wind. The influence of inaccurate
sensor readings and turbulent wind are also discussed. The presented algorithm
is not dependent on a specific hardware setup and can act as an extension of
existing control structures. Both numerical simulations and experimental
results are presented to highlight the effectiveness of the approach.


title: Exploring M33 Through RR Lyrae Stars

abstract:
  Recent surveys have detected RR Lyrae stars in M33, the Triangulum Galaxy.
These variable stars are excellent tracers of ancient stellar populations. The
RR Lyrae stars have been used to estimate metallicities at various locations
within M33, as well as determining the distance to the galaxy. A summary of the
M33 RR Lyrae stars is presented here as well as an analysis on what their
properties imply for the unique M33 galaxy


title:
Stochastic quantization and holographic Wilsonian renormalization group
  of massless fermions in AdS

abstract:
  We have studied holographic Wilsonian renormalization group (HWRG) of free
massless fermionic fields in AdS space and its stochastic quantization(SQ) by
identifying the Euclidean action with its boundary on-shell action. The natural
extension of the relation between stochastic 2-point correlation function and
double trace coupling obtained from HWRG computation conjectured in
arXiv:1209.2242 to fermionic fields is established. We have confirmed that the
stochastic 2-point function precisely captures the radial flow of the double
trace coupling via this relation.


title:
Analytical classification of the permanent rotations of the
  Kowalevski-Yehia gyrostat

abstract:
  The complete investigation of the permanent rotations of a gyrostat in the
integrable case of Kowalevski-Yehia is presented. The notion of equivalence
classes is given with respect to the defining parameters, the separating set is
constructed. For each class the type of a singularity is calculated as the type
of a fixed point in the reduced system. The detailed character of stability is
obtained, and the structure of local Liouville foliation is shown.


title: A New RR Lyrae Metallicity Calibration

abstract:
  We have begun developing a new metallicity calibration for RR Lyrae stars
that includes high-temperature phase regions. Our calibration is an updated and
expanded version of the Delta-S, equivalent width method, but which is
applicable for most phases of the pulsation, and for the hotter, shorter-period
RRc stars. This calibration will be constructed from spectral observations of
well studied, bright RR Lyrae stars with metallicities from published
high-resolution studies, within the range $-2.5 < [Fe/H] < -0.3$. Phase
information for our calibration stars were taken from the AAVSO website, and
the MacAdam Student Observatory at the University of Kentucky. Low-resolution
spectroscopy $(R \sim 1000)$ was obtained using the McDonald Observatory, 2.1
meter telescope. Here we present our preliminary data, and find the phase
region where the calibration will break down.


title: Nilpotent Completely Positive Maps

abstract:
  We study the structure of nilpotent completely positive maps in terms of
Choi-Kraus coefficients. We prove several inequalities, including certain
majorization type inequalities for dimensions of kernels of powers of nilpotent
completely positive maps.


title:
A Dynamical Formulation of One-Dimensional Scattering Theory and Its
  Applications in Optics

abstract:
  We develop a dynamical formulation of one-dimensional scattering theory where
the reflection and transmission amplitudes for a general, possibly complex and
energy-dependent, scattering potential are given as solutions of a set of
dynamical equations. By decoupling and partially integrating these equations,
we reduce the scattering problem to a second order linear differential equation
with universal initial conditions that is equivalent to an initial-value
time-independent Schrodinger equation. We give explicit formulas for the
reflection and transmission amplitudes in terms of the solution of either of
these equations and employ them to outline an inverse-scattering method for
constructing finite-range potentials with desirable scattering properties at
any prescribed wavelength. In particular, we construct optical potentials
displaying threshold lasing, anti-lasing, and unidirectional invisibility.

categories: quant-ph hep-th math-ph math.MP physics.optics


title: The effects of stellar winds and magnetic fields on exoplanets

abstract:
  The great majority of exoplanets discovered so far are orbiting cool,
low-mass stars whose properties are relatively similar to the Sun. However, the
stellar magnetism of these stars can be significantly different from the solar
one, both in topology and intensity. In addition, due to the present-day
technology used in exoplanetary searches, most of the currently known
exoplanets are found orbiting at extremely close distances to their host stars
($< 0.1$ au). The dramatic differences in stellar magnetism and orbital radius
can make the interplanetary medium of exoplanetary systems remarkably distinct
from that of the Solar System. To constrain interactions between exoplanets and
their host-star's magnetised winds and to characterise the interplanetary
medium that surrounds exoplanets, more realistic stellar wind models, which
account for factors such as stellar rotation and the complex stellar magnetic
field configurations of cool stars, must be employed. Here, I briefly review
the latest progress made in data-driven modelling of magnetised stellar winds.
I also show that the interaction of the stellar winds with exoplanets can lead
to several observable signatures, some of which that are absent in our own
Solar System.


title: Long Period Variable Stars in the Globular Cluster M5

abstract:
  We report results of VI time series photometry for the bright globular
cluster M5 taken between 2007-2011 using the 0.5-m telescope at Bowling Green
State Univ. and the PROMPT #4 telescope at Cerro Tololo. We used DAOPHOT to
obtain photometry to a limiting magnitude of V~19 mag. A search for variable
stars using the DAOMASTER variability index enabled us to recover the three
known bright variables (two Cepheids and one red, long period variable, or LPV)
and many known RR Lyrae stars, and to discover as many as thirteen new,
low-amplitude LPVs. We present light curves of several stars and analyze
periods and amplitudes where applicable.


title: MCMC for Normalized Random Measure Mixture Models

abstract:
  This paper concerns the use of Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for posterior
sampling in Bayesian nonparametric mixture models with normalized random
measure priors. Making use of some recent posterior characterizations for the
class of normalized random measures, we propose novel Markov chain Monte Carlo
methods of both marginal type and conditional type. The proposed marginal
samplers are generalizations of Neal's well-regarded Algorithm 8 for Dirichlet
process mixture models, whereas the conditional sampler is a variation of those
recently introduced in the literature. For both the marginal and conditional
methods, we consider as a running example a mixture model with an underlying
normalized generalized Gamma process prior, and describe comparative simulation
results demonstrating the efficacies of the proposed methods.


title: On Timelike slant helices in $S_{1}^{2}$

abstract:
  In this paper, we investigate timelike slant helix in $S_{1}^{2}$ and we
obtain parametric equation of timelike slant helix in $S_{1}^{2}$. Also related
examples and their illustrations are given.


title: The basis property of generalized Jacobian elliptic functions

abstract:
  The Jacobian elliptic functions are generalized to functions including the
generalized trigonometric functions. The paper deals with the basis property of
the sequence of generalized Jacobian elliptic functions in any Lebesgue space.
In particular, it is shown that the sequence of the classical Jacobian elliptic
functions is a basis in any Lebesgue space if the modulus $k$ satisfies $0 \le
k \le 0.99$.


title:
Synchronization and semistability analysis of the Kuramoto model of
  coupled nonlinear oscillators

abstract:
  An interesting problem in synchronization is the study of coupled
oscillators, wherein oscillators with different natural frequencies synchronize
to a common frequency and equilibrium phase difference. In this paper, we
investigate the stability and convergence in a network of coupled oscillators
described by the Kuramoto model. We consider networks with finite number of
oscillators, arbitrary interconnection topology, non-uniform coupling gains and
non-identical natural frequencies. We show that such a network synchronizes
provided the underlying graph is connected and certain conditions on the
coupling gains are satisfied. In the analysis, we consider as states the phase
and angular frequency differences between the oscillators, and the resulting
dynamics possesses a continuum of equilibria. The synchronization problem
involves establishing the Lyapunov stability of the fixed points and showing
convergence of trajectories to these points. The synchronization result is
established in the framework of semistability theory.


title: Planetary protection in the extreme environments of low-mass stars

abstract:
  Recent results showed that the magnetic field of M-dwarf (dM) stars,
currently the main targets in searches for terrestrial planets, is very
different from the solar one, both in topology as well as in intensity. In
particular, the magnetised environment surrounding a planet orbiting in the
habitable zone (HZ) of dM stars can differ substantially to the one encountered
around the Earth. These extreme magnetic fields can compress planetary
magnetospheres to such an extent that a significant fraction of the planet's
atmosphere may be exposed to erosion by the stellar wind. Using observed
surface magnetic maps for a sample of 15 dM stars, we investigate the minimum
degree of planetary magnetospheric compression caused by the intense stellar
magnetic fields. We show that hypothetical Earth-like planets with similar
terrestrial magnetisation (~1G) orbiting at the inner (outer) edge of the HZ of
these stars would present magnetospheres that extend at most up to 6.1 (11.7)
planetary radii. To be able to sustain an Earth-sized magnetosphere, the
terrestrial planet would either need to orbit significantly farther out than
the traditional limits of the HZ; or else, if it were orbiting within the
life-bearing region, it would require a minimum magnetic field ranging from a
few G to up to a few thousand G.


title:
Tuning superfluid phases of spin-1 bosons in cubic optical lattice with
  linear Zeeman effect

abstract:
  We analyze theoretically a spinor Bose gas loaded into a three-dimensional
cubic optical lattice. In order to account for different superfluid phases of
spin-1 bosons in the presence of an external magnetic field, we work out a
Ginzburg-Landau theory for the underlying spin-1 Bose-Hubbard model. In
particular at zero temperature, we determine both the Mott and the superfluid
phases for the competition between the anti-ferromagnetic interaction and the
linear Zeeman effect within the validity range of the Ginzburg-Landau theory.
Moreover, we find that the phase transition between the superfluid and Mott
insulator phases is of second order and that the transitions between the
respective superfluid phases for anti-ferromagnetic interaction can be both of
first and second order.


title: Spin wave theory for 2D disordered hard-core bosons

abstract:
  A spin-wave (SW) approach for hard-core bosons is presented to treat the
problem of two dimensional boson localization in a random potential. After a
short review of the method to compute 1/S-corrected observables, the case of
random on-site energy is discussed. Whereas the mean-field solution does not
display a Bose glass (BG) phase, 1/S corrections do capture BG physics. In
particular, the localization of SW excitations is discussed through the inverse
participation ratio.


title:
Iterated Variable Neighborhood Search for the resource constrained
  multi-mode multi-project scheduling problem

abstract:
  The resource constrained multi-mode multi-project scheduling problem
(RCMMMPSP) is a notoriously difficult combinatorial optimization problem. For a
given set of activities, feasible execution mode assignments and execution
starting times must be found such that some optimization function, e.g. the
makespan, is optimized. When determining an optimal (or at least feasible)
assignment of decision variable values, a set of side constraints, such as
resource availabilities, precedence constraints, etc., has to be respected.
  In 2013, the MISTA 2013 Challenge stipulated research in the RCMMMPSP. It's
goal was the solution of a given set of instances under running time
restrictions. We have contributed to this challenge with the here presented
approach.


title:
The Hartree equation for infinitely many particles. I. Well-posedness
  theory

abstract:
  We show local and global well-posedness results for the Hartree equation
$$i\partial_t\gamma=[-\Delta+w*\rho_\gamma,\gamma],$$ where $\gamma$ is a
bounded self-adjoint operator on $L^2(\R^d)$, $\rho_\gamma(x)=\gamma(x,x)$ and
$w$ is a smooth short-range interaction potential. The initial datum
$\gamma(0)$ is assumed to be a perturbation of a translation-invariant state
$\gamma_f=f(-\Delta)$ which describes a quantum system with an infinite number
of particles, such as the Fermi sea at zero temperature, or the Fermi-Dirac and
Bose-Einstein gases at positive temperature. Global well-posedness follows from
the conservation of the relative (free) energy of the state $\gamma(t)$,
counted relatively to the stationary state $\gamma_f$. We indeed use a general
notion of relative entropy, which allows to treat a wide class of stationary
states $f(-\Delta)$. Our results are based on a Lieb-Thirring inequality at
positive density and on a recent Strichartz inequality for orthonormal
functions, which are both due to Frank, Lieb, Seiringer and the first author of
this article.


title:
The Hartree equation for infinitely many particles. II. Dispersion and
  scattering in 2D

abstract:
  We consider the nonlinear Hartree equation for an interacting gas containing
infinitely many particles and we investigate the large-time stability of the
stationary states of the form $f(-\Delta)$, describing an homogeneous Fermi
gas. Under suitable assumptions on the interaction potential and on the
momentum distribution $f$, we prove that the stationary state is asymptotically
stable in dimension 2. More precisely, for any initial datum which is a small
perturbation of $f(-\Delta)$ in a Schatten space, the system weakly converges
to the stationary state for large times.


title: Patterns for computational effects arising from a monad or a comonad

abstract:
  This paper presents equational-based logics for proving first order
properties of programming languages involving effects. We propose two dual
inference system patterns that can be instanciated with monads or comonads in
order to be used for proving properties of different effects. The first pattern
provides inference rules which can be interpreted in the Kleisli category of a
monad and the coKleisli category of the associated comonad. In a dual way, the
second pattern provides inference rules which can be interpreted in the
coKleisli category of a comonad and the Kleisli category of the associated
monad. The logics combine a 3-tier effect system for terms consisting of pure
terms and two other kinds of effects called 'constructors/observers' and
'modifiers', and a 2-tier system for 'up-to-effects' and 'strong' equations.
Each pattern provides generic rules for dealing with any monad (respectively
comonad), and it can be extended with specific rules for each effect. The paper
presents two use cases: a language with exceptions (using the standard monadic
semantics), and a language with state (using the less standard comonadic
semantics). Finally, we prove that the obtained inference system for states is
Hilbert-Post complete.


title:
Deciding whether follow-up studies have replicated findings in a
  preliminary large-scale "omics' study"

abstract:
  We propose a formal method to declare that findings from a primary study have
been replicated in a follow-up study. Our proposal is appropriate for primary
studies that involve large-scale searches for rare true positives (i.e. needles
in a haystack). Our proposal assigns an $r$-value to each finding; this is the
lowest false discovery rate at which the finding can be called replicated.
Examples are given and software is available.


title:
Decentralized Measurement Feedback Stabilization of Large-scale Systems
  via Control Vector Lyapunov Functions

abstract:
  This paper studies the problem of decentralized measurement feedback
stabilization of nonlinear interconnected systems. As a natural extension of
the recent development on control vector Lyapunov functions, the notion of
output control vector Lyapunov function (OCVLF) is introduced for investigating
decentralized measurement feedback stabilization problems. Sufficient
conditions on (local) stabilizability are discussed which are based on the
proposed notion of OCVLF. It is shown that a decentralized controller for a
nonlinear interconnected system can be constructed using these conditions under
an additional vector dissipation-like condition. To illustrate the proposed
method, two examples are given.


title: Three-body forces from a classical nonlinear field

abstract:
  Forces in the systems of two opposite sign and three identical charges
coupled to the dynamical scalar field of the signum-Gordon model are
investigated. Three-body force is present, and the exact formula for it is
found. Flipping the sign of one of the two charges changes not only the sign
but also the magnitude of the force. Both effects are due to nonlinearity of
the field equation.