title: Seed for general rotating non-extremal black holes of N=8 supergravity

abstract:
  We describe the most general asymptotically flat, stationary, non-extremal,
dyonic black hole of the four-dimensional N = 2 supergravity coupled to 3
vector multiplets that describes the low-energy regime of the STU model. Under
U-dualities, this can be used as a seed to generate all single-centered
stationary black holes of N = 8 supergravity. The independent conserved charges
are the mass, angular momentum, four electric charges and four magnetic
charges; an independent NUT charge can also be added. Several aspects of the
black hole are presented, including thermodynamics, the BPS limit, the
near-horizon limit in the extremal fast and slow rotating cases, properties of
black hole horizons, the existence of Killing tensors and the separability of
probe scalars.


title:
The formation of IRIS diagnostics. III. Near-ultraviolet Spectra and
  Images

abstract:
  The Mg II h&k lines are the prime chromospheric diagnostics of NASA's
Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). In the previous papers of this
series we used a realistic three-dimensional radiative magnetohydrodynamics
model to calculate the h&k lines in detail and investigated how their spectral
features relate to the underlying atmosphere. In this work, we employ the same
approach to investigate how the h&k diagnostics fare when taking into account
the finite resolution of IRIS and different noise levels. In addition, we
investigate the diagnostic potential of several other photospheric lines and
near-continuum regions present in the near-ultraviolet (NUV) window of IRIS and
study the formation of the NUV slit-jaw images. We find that the instrumental
resolution of IRIS has a small effect on the quality of the h&k diagnostics;
the relations between the spectral features and atmospheric properties are
mostly unchanged. The peak separation is the most affected diagnostic, but
mainly due to limitations of the simulation. The effects of noise start to be
noticeable at a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 20, but we show that with noise
filtering one can obtain reliable diagnostics at least down to a S/N of 5. The
many photospheric lines present in the NUV window provide velocity information
for at least eight distinct photospheric heights. Using line-free regions in
the h&k far wings we derive good estimates of photospheric temperature for at
least three heights. Both of these diagnostics, in particular the latter, can
be obtained even at S/Ns as low as 5.


title: 3C273 variability at 7 mm: Evidences of shocks and precession in the jet

abstract:
  We report 4 years of observations of 3C273 at 7 mm obtained with the
Itapetinga Radiotelescope, in Brazil, between 2009 and 2013. We detected a
flare in 2010 March, when the flux density increased by 50% and reached 35 Jy.
After the flare, the flux density started to decrease and reached values lower
than 10 Jy. We suggest that the 7 mm flare is the radio counterpart of the
$\gamma$-ray flare observed by Fermi/LAT in 2009 September, in which the flux
density at high energies reached a factor of fifty of its average value. A
delay of 170 days between the radio and $\gamma$-ray flares was revealed using
the Discrete Correlation Function (DCF) that can be interpreted in the context
of a shock model, in which each flare corresponds to the formation of a compact
superluminal component that expands and becomes optically thin at radio
frequencies at latter epochs. The difference in flare intensity between
frequencies and at a different times, is explained as a consequence of an
increase in the Doppler factor $\delta$, as predicted by the 16 year precession
model proposed by Abraham & Romero, which has a large effect on boosting at
high frequencies while does not affect too much the observed optically thick
radio emission. We discuss other observable effects of the variation in
$\delta$, as the increase in the formation rate of superluminal components, the
variations in the time delay between flares and the periodic behaviour of the
radio light curve that we found compatible with changes in the Doppler factor.


title:
Fermions in Randall-Sundrum Models with Two Additional Unwarped Extra
  Dimensions

abstract:
  Models with one warped and two unwarped extra dimensions allow for the
solution of a number of open questions in particle physics. They can be used to
solve the hierarchy problem in the same sense as Randall-Sundrum extra
dimensions, they incorporate the Randall-Sundrum approach to flavor, and they
generate a dark matter candidate via Kaluza-Klein parity in the flat extra
dimensions. In this paper, we examine the models AdS_5 x T_2 and AdS_5 x S_2,
deriving the Kaluza-Klein spectrum for fermions propagating in the bulk. While
the toroidal model allows for a chiral zero mode, we find that the positive
curvature of the spherical model disallows all zero modes without further
modifications.


title:
Quantifying Observational Projection Effects Using Molecular Cloud
  Simulations

abstract:
  The physical properties of molecular clouds are often measured using
spectral-line observations, which provide the only probes of the clouds'
velocity structure. It is hard, though, to assess whether and to what extent
intensity features in position-position-velocity (PPV) space correspond to
"real" density structures in position-position-position (PPP) space. In this
paper, we create synthetic molecular cloud spectral-line maps of simulated
molecular clouds, and present a new technique for measuring the reality of
individual PPV structures. Our procedure projects density structures identified
in PPP space into corresponding intensity structures in PPV space and then
measures the geometric overlap of the projected structures with structures
identified from the synthetic observation. The fractional overlap between a PPP
and PPV structure quantifies how well the synthetic observation recovers
information about the 3D structure. Applying this machinery to a set of
synthetic observations of CO isotopes, we measure how well spectral-line
measurements recover mass, size, velocity dispersion, and virial parameter for
a simulated star-forming region. By disabling various steps of our analysis, we
investigate how much opacity, chemistry, and gravity affect measurements of
physical properties extracted from PPV cubes. For the simulations used here,
our results suggest that superposition induces a ~40% uncertainty in masses,
sizes, and velocity dispersions derived from 13CO. The virial parameter is most
affected by superposition, such that estimates of the virial parameter derived
from PPV and PPP information typically disagree by a factor of ~2. This
uncertainty makes it particularly difficult to judge whether gravitational or
kinetic energy dominate a given region, since the majority of virial parameter
measurements fall within a factor of 2 of the equipartition level alpha ~ 2.


title: Polytopic uncertainty for linear systems: New and old complexity results

abstract:
  We survey the problem of deciding the stability or stabilizability of
uncertain linear systems whose region of uncertainty is a polytope. This
natural setting has applications in many fields of applied science, from
Control Theory to Systems Engineering to Biology. We focus on the algorithmic
decidability of this property when one is given a particular polytope. This
setting gives rise to several different algorithmic questions, depending on the
nature of time (discrete/continuous), the property asked
(stability/stabilizability), or the type of uncertainty (fixed/switching).
Several of these questions have been answered in the literature in the last
thirty years. We point out the ones that have remained open, and we answer all
of them, except one which we raise as an open question. In all the cases, the
results are negative in the sense that the questions are NP-hard. As a
byproduct, we obtain complexity results for several other matrix problems in
Systems and Control.


title: T-Branes and Geometry

abstract:
  T-branes are a non-abelian generalization of intersecting branes in which the
matrix of normal deformations is nilpotent along some subspace. In this paper
we study the geometric remnant of this open string data for six-dimensional
F-theory vacua. We show that in the dual M-theory / IIA compactification on a
smooth Calabi-Yau threefold X, the geometric remnant of T-brane data translates
to periods of the three-form potential valued in the intermediate Jacobian of
X. Starting from a smoothing of a singular Calabi-Yau, we show how to track
this data in singular limits using the theory of limiting mixed Hodge
structures, which in turn directly points to an emergent Hitchin-like system
coupled to defects. We argue that the physical data of an F-theory
compactification on a singular threefold involves specifying both a geometry as
well as the remnant of three-form potential moduli and flux which is localized
on the discriminant. We give examples of T-branes in compact F-theory models
with heterotic duals, and comment on the extension of our results to
four-dimensional vacua.


title:
Charge and Color Breaking Constraints in MSSM after the Higgs Discovery
  at LHC

abstract:
  We revisit the constraints on the parameter space of the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), from charge and color breaking minima in
the light of information on the Higgs from the LHC so far. We study the
behavior of the scalar potential keeping two light sfermion fields along with
the Higgs in the pMSSM framework and analyze the stability of the vacuum. We
find that for lightest stop $\lesssim 1$ TeV and small $\mu \lesssim 500$ GeV,
the absolute stability of the potential can be attained only for $|X_{t}|
\lesssim \sqrt{ 6 m_{\tilde{t}_1} m_{\tilde{t}_2}}$. The bounds become stronger
for larger values of the $\mu$ parameter. Note that this is approximately the
value of $X_t$ which maximizes the Higgs mass. Our bounds on the low scale MSSM
parameters are more stringent than those reported earlier in literature. We
reanalyze the stau sector as well, keeping both staus. We study the connections
between the observed Higgs rates and vacuum (meta)stability. We show how a
precision study of the ratio of signal strengths,
($\mu_{\gamma\gamma}/\mu_{ZZ}$) can shed further light.


title:
Quadratic constrained mixed discrete optimization with an adiabatic
  quantum optimizer

abstract:
  We extend the family of problems that may be implemented on an adiabatic
quantum optimizer (AQO). When a quadratic optimization problem has at least one
set of discrete controls and the constraints are linear, we call this a
quadratic constrained mixed discrete optimization (QCMDO) problem. QCMDO
problems are NP-hard, and no efficient classical algorithm for their solution
is known. Included in the class of QCMDO problems are combinatorial
optimization problems constrained by a linear partial differential equation
(PDE) or system of linear PDEs. An essential complication commonly encountered
in solving this type of problem is that the linear constraint may introduce
many intermediate continuous variables into the optimization while the
computational cost grows exponentially with problem size. We resolve this
difficulty by developing a constructive mapping from QCMDO to quadratic
unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) such that the size of the QUBO problem
depends only on the number of discrete control variables. With a suitable
embedding, taking into account the physical constraints of the realizable
coupling graph, the resulting QUBO problem can be implemented on an existing
AQO. The mapping itself is efficient, scaling cubically with the number of
continuous variables in the general case and linearly in the PDE case if an
efficient preconditioner is available.


title: Discriminative Features via Generalized Eigenvectors

abstract:
  Representing examples in a way that is compatible with the underlying
classifier can greatly enhance the performance of a learning system. In this
paper we investigate scalable techniques for inducing discriminative features
by taking advantage of simple second order structure in the data. We focus on
multiclass classification and show that features extracted from the generalized
eigenvectors of the class conditional second moments lead to classifiers with
excellent empirical performance. Moreover, these features have attractive
theoretical properties, such as inducing representations that are invariant to
linear transformations of the input. We evaluate classifiers built from these
features on three different tasks, obtaining state of the art results.


title: The Vector Volume and Black Holes

abstract:
  By examining the rate of growth of an invariant volume $\mathcal V$ of some
spacetime region along a divergence-free vector field $v^\alpha$, we introduce
the concept of a "vector volume" $\mathcal{V}_v$. This volume can be defined in
various equivalent ways. For example, it can be given as $\mathrm d \mathcal
V(\mu) / \mathrm d \mu$, where $v^\alpha \partial_\alpha = \mathrm d / \mathrm
d \mu$, and $\mu$ is a parameter distance along the integral curve of $v$.
Equivalently, it can be defined as $\int v^\alpha \mathrm d \Sigma_\alpha$,
where $\mathrm d \Sigma_\alpha$ is the directed surface element. We find that
this volume is especially useful for the description of black holes, but it can
be used in other contexts as well. Moreover, this volume has several properties
of interest. Among these is the fact that the vector volume is linear with
respect to the the choice of vector $v^\alpha$. As a result, for example, in
stationary axially symmetric spacetimes with timelike Killing vectors
$t^\alpha$ and axial symmetric Killing vectors $\phi^\alpha$, the vector volume
of an axially symmetric region with respect to the vector $t^\alpha + \Omega
\phi^\alpha$ is equal for any value of $\Omega$, a consequence of the
additional result that $\phi^\alpha$ does not contribute to $\mathcal{V}_v$.
Perhaps of most interest is the fact that in Kerr-Schild spacetimes the volume
element for the full spacetime is equal to that of the background spacetime. We
discuss different ways of using the vector volume to define volumes for black
holes. Finally, we relate our work to the recent wide-spread thermodynamically
motivated study of the "volumes" of black holes associated with non-zero values
of the cosmological constant $\Lambda$.


title: OTS44: Disk and accretion at the planetary border

abstract:
  We discover that the very low-mass brown dwarf OTS44 (M9.5, ~12 M_Jup) has
significant accretion and a substantial disk, which demonstrates that the
processes that accompany canonical star formation occur down to a central mass
of a few Jupiter masses. We discover in VLT/SINFONI spectra that OTS44 has
strong, broad, and variable Paschen beta emission that is evidence for active
accretion at the planetary border. We also detect strong Halpha emission of
OTS44 in a literature spectrum and determine an Halpha EW (-141 A) that is
indicative of active accretion. Both the Pa beta and Halpha emission lines have
broad profiles with wings extending to velocities of about +/-200 km/s. We
determine the mass accretion rate of OTS44 based on Halpha to 7.6x10^{-12}
Msun/yr, which shows that OTS44 has a relatively high mass-accretion rate
considering its small central mass. This mass rate is nevertheless consistent
with the general decreasing trend found for stars of several solar masses down
to brown dwarfs. Furthermore, we determine the properties of the disk
surrounding OTS44 through radiative transfer modeling of flux measurement from
the optical to the far-IR (Herschel) by applying a Bayesian analysis. We find
that OTS44 has a highly flared disk (beta >1.2) with a mass of 9.1x10^{-5}
M_Sun, i.e. about 0.1 M_Jup or 30 M_Earth. We show that the ratio of
disk-to-central-mass of about 10^{-2} found for objects between 0.03 Msun and
14 Msun is also valid for OTS44 at a mass of ~0.01 M_Sun. Our observations are
in line with an isolated star-like mode of the formation of brown dwarfs down
to 0.01 M_Sun.


title: Explaining the $B \to K^\ast \mu^+ \mu^-$ data with scalar interactions

abstract:
  Recent LHCb results on the decay $B \to K^\ast \mu^+ \mu^-$ show significant
deviations from the SM estimates in some of the angular correlations. In this
paper we study the possibility of explaining these deviations using new scalar
interactions. We show that new dimension-6 four-quark operators of scalar and
pseudo-scalar type can successfully account for the discrepancies even after
being consistent with other experimental measurements. We also briefly discuss
possible extensions of the Standard Model where these operators can be
generated.


title: Quantum spindown of highly magnetized neutron stars

abstract:
  Pulsars are highly magnetized and rapidly rotating neutron stars. The
magnetic field can reach the critical magnetic field from which quantum effects
of the vacuum becomes relevant, giving rise to magnetooptic properties of
vacuum characterized as an effective non linear medium. One spectacular
consequence of this prediction is a macroscopic friction that leads to an
additional contribution in the spindown of pulsars. In this paper, we highlight
some observational consequences and in particular derive new constraints on the
parameters of the Crab pulsar and J0540-6919.


title: Epidemics in partially overlapped multiplex networks

abstract:
  Many real networks exhibit a layered structure in which links in each layer
reflect the function of nodes on different environments. These multiple types
of links are usually represented by a multiplex network in which each layer has
a different topology. In real-world networks, however, not all nodes are
present on every layer. To generate a more realistic scenario, we use a
generalized multiplex network and assume that only a fraction $q$ of the nodes
are shared by the layers. We develop a theoretical framework for a branching
process to describe the spread of an epidemic on these partially overlapped
multiplex networks. This allows us to obtain the fraction of infected
individuals as a function of the effective probability that the disease will be
transmitted $T$. We also theoretically determine the dependence of the epidemic
threshold on the fraction $q > 0$ of shared nodes in a system composed of two
layers. We find that in the limit of $q \to 0$ the threshold is dominated by
the layer with the smaller isolated threshold. Although a system of two
completely isolated networks is nearly indistinguishable from a system of two
networks that share just a few nodes, we find that the presence of these few
shared nodes causes the epidemic threshold of the isolated network with the
lower propagating capacity to change discontinuously and to acquire the
threshold of the other network.


title: A Comprehensive Graphene FET Model for Circuit Design

abstract:
  During the last years, Graphene based Field Effect Transistors (GFET) have
shown outstanding RF performance; therefore, they have attracted considerable
attention from the electronic devices and circuits communities. At the same
time, analytical models that predict the electrical characteristics of GFETs
have evolved rapidly. These models, however, have a complexity level that can
only be handled with the help of a circuit simulator. On the other hand, analog
circuit designers require simple models that enable them to carry out fast hand
calculations, i.e., to create circuits using small-signal hybrid-{\pi} models,
calculate figures of merit, estimate gains, pole-zero positions, etc. This
paper presents a comprehensive GFET model that is simple enough for being used
in hand-calculations during circuit design and at the same time it is accurate
enough to capture the electrical characteristics of the devices in the
operating regions of interest. Closed analytical expressions are provided for
the drain current ID, small-signal transconductance gain gm, output resistance
ro, and parasitic Vgs and Cgd. In addition, figures of merit such as intrinsic
voltage gain AV, transconductance efficiency gm/ID, and transit frequency fT
are presented. The proposed model has been compared to a complete analytical
model and also to measured data available in current literature. The results
show that the proposed model follows closely to both the complete analytical
model and the measured data; therefore, it can be successfully applied in the
design of GFET analog circuits.


title:
Bistable dynamics underlying excitability of ion homeostasis in neuron
  models

abstract:
  When neurons fire action potentials, dissipation of free energy is usually
not directly considered, because the change in free energy is often negligible
compared to the immense reservoir stored in neural transmembrane ion gradients
and the long-term energy requirements are met through chemical energy, i.e.,
metabolism. However, these gradients can temporarily nearly vanish in
neurological diseases, such as migraine and stroke, and in traumatic brain
injury from concussions to severe injuries. We study biophysical neuron models
based on the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) formalism extended to include time-dependent
ion concentrations inside and outside the cell and metabolic energy-driven
pumps. We reveal the basic mechanism of a state of free energy-starvation (FES)
with bifurcation analyses showing that ion dynamics is for a large range of
pump rates bistable without contact to an ion bath. This is interpreted as a
threshold reduction of a new fundamental mechanism of 'ionic excitability' that
causes a long-lasting but transient FES as observed in pathological states. We
can in particular conclude that a coupling of extracellular ion concentrations
to a large glial-vascular bath can take a role as an inhibitory mechanism
crucial in ion homeostasis, while the Na$^+$/K$^+$ pumps alone are insufficient
to recover from FES. Our results provide the missing link between the HH
formalism and activator-inhibitor models that have been successfully used for
modeling migraine phenotypes, and therefore will allow us to validate the
hypothesis that migraine symptoms are explained by disturbed function in ion
channel subunits, Na$^+$/K$^+$ pumps, and other proteins that regulate ion
homeostasis.


title:
Containing Viral Spread on Sparse Random Graphs: Bounds, Algorithms, and
  Experiments

abstract:
  Viral spread on large graphs has many real-life applications such as malware
propagation in computer networks and rumor (or misinformation) spread in
Twitter-like online social networks. Although viral spread on large graphs has
been intensively analyzed on classical models such as
Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered, there still exits a deficit of effective
methods in practice to contain epidemic spread once it passes a critical
threshold. Against this backdrop, we explore methods of containing viral spread
in large networks with the focus on sparse random networks. The viral
containment strategy is to partition a large network into small components and
then to ensure the sanity of all messages delivered across different
components. With such a defense mechanism in place, an epidemic spread starting
from any node is limited to only those nodes belonging to the same component as
the initial infection node. We establish both lower and upper bounds on the
costs of inspecting inter-component messages. We further propose
heuristic-based approaches to partition large input graphs into small
components. Finally, we study the performance of our proposed algorithms under
different network topologies and different edge weight models.


title:
Variational multiscale analysis: the fine-scale Green's function for
  stochastic partial differential equations

abstract:
  We present the variational multiscale (VMS) method for partial differential
equations (PDEs) with stochastic coefficients and source terms. We use it as a
method for generating accurate coarse-scale solutions while accounting for the
effect of the unresolved fine scales through a model term that contains a
fine-scale stochastic Green's function. For a natural choice of an "optimal"
coarse-scale solution and L^2-orthogonal stochastic basis functions, we
demonstrate that the fine-scale stochastic Green's function is intimately
linked to its deterministic counterpart. In particular, (i) we demonstrate that
whenever the deterministic fine-scale function vanishes, the stochastic
fine-scale function satisfies a weaker, and discrete notion of vanishing
stochastic coefficients, and (ii) derive an explicit formula for the fine-scale
stochastic Green's function that only involves quantities needed to evaluate
the fine-scale deterministic Green's function. We present numerical results
that support our claims about the physical support of the stochastic fine-scale
function, and demonstrate the benefit of using the VMS method when the
fine-scale Green's function is approximated by an easier to implement, element
Green's function.


title: Spin-dependent phenomena and device concepts explored in (Ga,Mn)As

abstract:
  Over the past two decades, the research of (Ga,Mn)As has led to a deeper
understanding of relativistic spin-dependent phenomena in magnetic systems. It
has also led to discoveries of new effects and demonstrations of unprecedented
functionalities of experimental spintronic devices with general applicability
to a wide range of materials. In this article we review the basic material
properties that make (Ga,Mn)As a favorable test-bed system for spintronics
research and discuss contributions of (Ga,Mn)As studies in the general context
of the spin-dependent phenomena and device concepts. Special focus is on the
spin-orbit coupling induced effects and the reviewed topics include the
interaction of spin with electrical current, light, and heat.


title: Principal Component Analysis of MCG--6-30-15 with XMM-Newton

abstract:
  We analyse the spectral variability of MCG--06-30-15 with 600 ks of
XMM-Newton data, including 300 ks of new data from the joint XMM-Newton and
NuSTAR 2013 observational campaign. We use principal component analysis to find
high resolution, model independent spectra of the different variable components
of the spectrum. We find that over 99 per cent of the variability can be
described by just three components, which are consistent with variations in the
normalisation of the powerlaw continuum (~97 per cent), the photon index (~2
per cent), and the normalisation of a relativistically blurred reflection
spectrum (~0.5 per cent). We also find a fourth significant component but this
is heavily diluted by noise, and we can attribute all the remaining spectral
variability to noise. All three components are found to be variable on
timescales from 20 ks down to 1 ks, which corresponds to a distance from the
central black hole of less than 70 gravitational radii. We compare these
results with those derived from spectral fitting, and find them to be in very
good agreement with our interpretation of the principal components. We conclude
that the observed relatively weak variability in the reflected component of the
spectrum of MCG--06-30-15 is due to the effects of light-bending close to the
event horizon of the black hole, and demonstrate that principal component
analysis is an effective tool for analysing spectral variability in this
regime.


title: Measuring Double-Electron Capture with Liquid Xenon Experiments

abstract:
  We investigate the possibilities of observing the decay mode for $^{124}$Xe
in which two electrons are captured, two neutrinos are emitted, and the final
daughter nucleus is in its ground state, using dark matter experiments with
liquid xenon. The first upper limit of the decay half-life is calculated to be
1.66$\times10^{21}$ years at a 90% confidence level (C.L.) obtained with the
published background data from the XENON100 experiment. Employing a known
background model from the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment, we predict
that the detection of double-electron capture of $^{124}$Xe to the ground state
of $^{124}$Te with LUX will have approximately 115 events, assuming a half-life
of 2.9 $\times$ 10$^{21}$ years. We conclude that measuring $^{124}$Xe 2$\nu$
double-electron capture to the ground state of $^{124}$Te can be performed more
precisely with the proposed LUX-Zeplin (LZ) experiment.


title: Bayesian Optimization With Censored Response Data

abstract:
  Bayesian optimization (BO) aims to minimize a given blackbox function using a
model that is updated whenever new evidence about the function becomes
available. Here, we address the problem of BO under partially right-censored
response data, where in some evaluations we only obtain a lower bound on the
function value. The ability to handle such response data allows us to
adaptively censor costly function evaluations in minimization problems where
the cost of a function evaluation corresponds to the function value. One
important application giving rise to such censored data is the
runtime-minimizing variant of the algorithm configuration problem: finding
settings of a given parametric algorithm that minimize the runtime required for
solving problem instances from a given distribution. We demonstrate that
terminating slow algorithm runs prematurely and handling the resulting
right-censored observations can substantially improve the state of the art in
model-based algorithm configuration.


title: Revisiting neutrino masses from Planck scale operators

abstract:
  Planck scale lepton number violation is an interesting and natural
possibility to explain non-zero neutrino masses. We consider such operators in
the context of Randall-Sundrum (RS1) scenarios. Implementation of this scenario
with a single Higgs localized on the IR brane (standard RS1) is not
phenomenologically viable as they lead to inconsistencies in the charged lepton
mass fits. In this work we propose a set-up with two Higgs doublets. We present
a detailed numerical analysis of the fits to fermion masses and mixing angles.
This model solves the issues regarding the fermion mass fits but solutions with
consistent electroweak symmetry breaking are highly fine tuned. A simple
resolution is to consider supersymmetry in the bulk and a detailed discussion
of which is provided. Constraints from flavour are found to be strong and
Minimal Flavour Violation (MFV) is imposed to alleviate them.


title: Least Squares Revisited: Scalable Approaches for Multi-class Prediction

abstract:
  This work provides simple algorithms for multi-class (and multi-label)
prediction in settings where both the number of examples n and the data
dimension d are relatively large. These robust and parameter free algorithms
are essentially iterative least-squares updates and very versatile both in
theory and in practice. On the theoretical front, we present several variants
with convergence guarantees. Owing to their effective use of second-order
structure, these algorithms are substantially better than first-order methods
in many practical scenarios. On the empirical side, we present a scalable
stagewise variant of our approach, which achieves dramatic computational
speedups over popular optimization packages such as Liblinear and Vowpal Wabbit
on standard datasets (MNIST and CIFAR-10), while attaining state-of-the-art
accuracies.


title: Compact lines and the Sobczyk property

abstract:
  We show that Sobczyk's Theorem holds for a new class of Banach spaces, namely
spaces of continuous functions on linearly ordered compacta.


title: 2D Quantum Gravity at One Loop with Liouville and Mabuchi Actions

abstract:
  We study a new two-dimensional quantum gravity theory, based on a
gravitational action containing both the familiar Liouville term and the
Mabuchi functional, which has been shown to be related to the coupling of
non-conformal matter to gravity. We compute the one-loop string susceptibility
from a first-principle, path integral approach in the Kahler parameterization
of the metrics and discuss the particularities that arise in the case of the
pure Mabuchi theory. While we mainly use the most convenient spectral cutoff
regularization to perform our calculations, we also discuss the interesting
subtleties associated with the multiplicative anomaly in the familiar
zeta-function scheme, which turns out to have a genuine physical effect for our
calculations. In particular, we derive and use a general multiplicative anomaly
formula for Laplace-type operators on arbitrary compact Riemann surfaces.


title: Optical-Cavity Limits on Higher-Order Lorentz Violation

abstract:
  An optical ring cavity is used to place the first laboratory constraints on
parity-odd nonrenormalizable Lorentz violation. Variations in resonant
frequencies are limited to parts in $10^{15}$. Absolute sensitivity to
Lorentz-violating operators of mass dimension 6 is improved by a factor of a
million over existing parity-even microwave-cavity bounds. Sensitivity to
dimension-8 violations is improved by fourteen orders of magnitude.


title: The dynamics of correlated novelties

abstract:
  One new thing often leads to another. Such correlated novelties are a
familiar part of daily life. They are also thought to be fundamental to the
evolution of biological systems, human society, and technology. By opening new
possibilities, one novelty can pave the way for others in a process that
Kauffman has called "expanding the adjacent possible". The dynamics of
correlated novelties, however, have yet to be quantified empirically or modeled
mathematically. Here we propose a simple mathematical model that mimics the
process of exploring a physical, biological or conceptual space that enlarges
whenever a novelty occurs. The model, a generalization of Polya's urn, predicts
statistical laws for the rate at which novelties happen (analogous to Heaps'
law) and for the probability distribution on the space explored (analogous to
Zipf's law), as well as signatures of the hypothesized process by which one
novelty sets the stage for another. We test these predictions on four data sets
of human activity: the edit events of Wikipedia pages, the emergence of tags in
annotation systems, the sequence of words in texts, and listening to new songs
in online music catalogues. By quantifying the dynamics of correlated
novelties, our results provide a starting point for a deeper understanding of
the ever-expanding adjacent possible and its role in biological, linguistic,
cultural, and technological evolution.


title: On the well-posedness of relativistic viscous fluids

abstract:
  Using a simple and well-motivated modification of the stress-energy tensor
for a viscous fluid proposed by Lichnerowicz, we prove that Einstein's
equations coupled to a relativistic version of the Navier-Stokes equations are
well-posed in a suitable Gevrey class if the fluid is incompressible and
irrotational. These last two conditions are given an appropriate relativistic
interpretation. The solutions enjoy the domain of dependence or finite
propagation speed property. We also derive a full set of equations, describing
a relativistic fluid that is not necessarily incompressible or irrotational,
which is well-suited for comparisons with the system of an inviscid fluid.


title: Critical Collapse of Scalar Fields Beyond Axisymmetry

abstract:
  We investigate non-spherically symmetric, scalar field collapse of a family
of initial data consisting of a spherically symmetric profile with a
deformation proportional to the real part of the spherical harmonic
$Y_{21}(\theta,\varphi)$. Independent of the strength of the anisotropy in the
data, we find that supercritical collapse yields a black hole mass scaling $M_h
\propto (p-p^*)^\gamma$ with $\gamma \approx 0.37$, a value remarkably close to
the critical exponent obtained by Choptuik in his pioneering study in spherical
symmetry. We also find hints of discrete self-similarity. However, the collapse
experiments are not sufficiently close to the critical solution to
unequivocally claim that the detected periodicity is from critical collapse
echoing.


title:
Twisted modules for tensor product vertex operator superalgebras and
  permutation automorphisms of odd order

abstract:
  We construct and classify $(1 \; 2\; \cdots \; k)$-twisted $V^{\otimes
k}$-modules for $k$ odd and for $V$ a vertex operator superalgebra. This
extends previous results of the author, along with Dong and Mason, classifying
all permutation-twisted modules for tensor product vertex operator algebras, to
the setting of vertex operator superalgebras for odd order permutations. We
show why this construction does not extend to the case of permutations of even
order in the superalgebra case and how the construction and classification in
the even order case is fundamentally different than that for the odd order
permutation case. We present a conjecture made by the author and Nathan Vander
Werf concerning the classification of permutation twisted modules for
permutations of even order.


title:
The Role of Magnetic Fields in Starburst Galaxies as Revealed by OH
  Megamasers

abstract:
  We present estimates of magnetic field strengths in the interstellar media of
starburst galaxies derived from measurements of Zeeman splitting associated
with OH megamasers. The results for eight galaxies with Zeeman detections
suggest that the magnetic energy density in the interstellar medium of
starburst galaxies is comparable to their hydrostatic gas pressure, as in the
Milky Way. We discuss the significant uncertainties in this conclusion, and
possible measurements that could reduce these uncertainties. We also compare
the Zeeman splitting derived magnetic field estimates to magnetic field
strengths estimated using synchrotron fluxes and assuming that the magnetic
field and cosmic rays have comparable energy densities, known as the "minimum
energy" argument. We find that the minimum energy argument systematically
underestimates magnetic fields in starburst galaxies, and that the conditions
that would be required to produce agreement between the minimum energy estimate
and the Zeeman derived estimate of interstellar medium magnetic fields are
implausible. The conclusion that magnetic fields in starburst galaxies exceed
the minimum energy magnetic fields is consistent with starburst galaxies
adhering to the linearity of the FIR-radio correlation.


title: On permutation-twisted free fermions and two conjectures

abstract:
  We conjecture that the category of permutation-twisted modules for a
multi-fold tensor product vertex operator superalgebra and a cyclic permutation
of even order is isomorphic to the category of parity-twisted modules for the
underlying vertex operator superalgebra. This conjecture is based on our
observations of the cyclic permutation-twisted modules for free fermions as we
discuss in this work, as well as previous work of the first author constructing
and classifying permutation-twisted modules for tensor product vertex operator
superalgebras and a permutation of odd order. In addition, we observe that the
transposition isomorphism for two free fermions corresponds to a lift of the -1
isometry of the integral lattice vertex operator superalgebra corresponding to
two free fermions under boson-fermion correspondence. We conjecture that all
even order cyclic permutation automorphisms of free fermions can be realized as
lifts of lattice isometries under boson-fermion correspondence. We discuss the
role of parity stability in the construction of these twisted modules and prove
that in general, parity-unstable weak twisted modules for a vertex operator
superalgebras come in pairs that form orthogonal invariant subspaces of
parity-stable weak twisted modules, clarifying their role in many other
settings.


title: A positive basis for surface skein algebras

abstract:
  We show that the twisted SL(2) skein algebra of a surface has a natural basis
(the bracelets basis) that is positive, in the sense that the structure
constants for multiplication are positive integers.


title:
Viable dark matter via radiative symmetry breaking in a scalar singlet
  Higgs portal extension of the standard model

abstract:
  We consider generation of dark matter mass via radiative electroweak symmetry
breaking in an extension of the conformal Standard Model containing a singlet
scalar field with a Higgs portal interaction. Generating the mass from a
sequential process of radiative electroweak symmetry breaking followed by a
conventional Higgs mechanism can account for less than 35% of the cosmological
dark matter abundance for dark matter mass $M_s>80 GeV$. However in a dynamical
approach where both Higgs and scalar singlet masses are generated via radiative
electroweak symmetry breaking we obtain much higher levels of dark matter
abundance. At one-loop level we find abundances of 10%--100% with $106
GeV<M_s<120 GeV$. However, when the higher-order effects needed for consistency
with a $125 GeV$ Higgs mass are estimated, the abundance becomes 10%--80% for
$80 GeV<M_s<96 GeV$, representing a significant decrease in the dark matter
mass. The dynamical approach also predicts a small scalar-singlet
self-coupling, providing a natural explanation for the astrophysical
observations that place upper bounds on dark matter self-interaction. The
predictions in all three approaches are within the $M_s>80 GeV$ detection
region of the next generation XENON experiment.


title: Dynamical complexity of the Brans-Dicke cosmology

abstract:
  The dynamics of the Brans-Dicke theory with a quadratic scalar field
potential function and barotropic matter is investigated. The dynamical system
methods are used to reveal complexity of dynamical evolution in homogeneous and
isotropic cosmological models. The structure of phase space crucially depends
on the parameter of the theory $\omega_{\textrm{BD}}$ as well as barotropic
matter index $w_{m}$. In our analysis these parameters are treated as
bifurcation parameters. We found sets of values of these parameters which lead
to generic evolutional scenarios. We show that in isotropic and homogeneous
models in the Brans-Dicke theory with a quadratic potential function the de
Sitter state appears naturally. Stability conditions of this state are fully
investigated. It is shown that these models can explain accelerated expansion
of the Universe without the assumption of the substantial form of dark matter
and dark energy. The Poincare construction of compactified phase space with a
circle at infinity is used to show that phase space trajectories in a physical
region can be equipped with a structure of a vector field on nontrivial
topological closed space. For $\omega_{\textrm{BD}}<-3/2$ we show new types of
early and late time evolution leading from the anti-de Sitter to the de Sitter
state through an asymmetric bounce. In the theory without a ghost we find
bouncing solutions and the coexistence of the bounces and the singularity.
Following the Peixoto theorem some conclusions about structural stability are
drawn.


title: Dipole Moment Bounds on Scalar Dark Matter Annihilation

abstract:
  We consider a scalar dark matter annihilations to light leptons mediated by
charged exotic fermions. The interaction of this model also adds a correction
to dipole moments of light leptons. In the simplified model, these processes
will depend upon the same coupling constants. The tight experimental bounds on
the dipole moments of light leptons will constrain the coupling constants.
Consequently, this bound will then limit the annihilations. We will produce
this dipole moment bounds on the annihilation. From this analysis, we report
that the bound on annihilation to the electrons is $4.0\times10^{-7}\pb$ (g-2)
+ $8.8\times 10^{-15}\pb$ (EDM) and the muons is $5.6\times 10^{-4}\pb$ (g-2) +
$180\pb$ (EDM), in the limit where the mediator is much heavier than dark
matter. The parentheses indicate the dipole moment used to obtain the values.
We note that only the annihilation to muons through a CP-violating (EDM)
coupling is not excluded from indirect detection experiments.


title: Quantum Vacuum Instability of 'Eternal' de Sitter Space

abstract:
  The Euclidean or Bunch-Davies O(4,1) invariant 'vacuum' state of quantum
fields in global de Sitter space is shown to be unstable to small
perturbations, even for a massive free field with no self-interactions. There
are perturbations of this state with arbitrarily small energy density at early
times that is exponentially blueshifted in the contracting phase of 'eternal'
de Sitter space, and becomes large enough to disturb the classical geometry
through the semiclassical Einstein eqs. at later times. In the closely
analogous case of a constant, uniform electric field, a time symmetric state
equivalent to the de Sitter invariant one is constructed, which is also not a
stable vacuum state under perturbations. The role of a quantum anomaly in the
growth of perturbations and symmetry breaking is emphasized in both cases. In
de Sitter space, the same results are obtained either directly from the
renormalized stress tensor of a massive scalar field, or for massless conformal
fields of any spin, more directly from the effective action and stress tensor
associated with the conformal trace anomaly. The anomaly stress tensor shows
that states invariant under the O(4) subgroup of the de Sitter group are also
unstable to perturbations of lower spatial symmetry, implying that both the
O(4,1) isometry group and its O(4) subgroup are broken by quantum fluctuations.
Consequences of this result for cosmology and the problem of vacuum energy are
discussed.

categories: gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th math-ph math.MP


title:
Named entity recognition using conditional random fields with non-local
  relational constraints

abstract:
  We begin by introducing the Computer Science branch of Natural Language
Processing, then narrowing the attention on its subbranch of Information
Extraction and particularly on Named Entity Recognition, discussing briefly its
main methodological approaches. It follows an introduction to state-of-the-art
Conditional Random Fields under the form of linear chains. Subsequently, the
idea of constrained inference as a way to model long-distance relationships in
a text is presented, based on an Integer Linear Programming representation of
the problem. Adding such relationships to the problem as automatically inferred
logical formulas, translatable into linear conditions, we propose to solve the
resulting more complex problem with the aid of Lagrangian relaxation, of which
some technical details are explained. Lastly, we give some experimental
results.


title: Hydrodynamic fluctuation-induced forces in confined fluids

abstract:
  We study thermal, fluctuation-induced hydrodynamic interaction forces in a
classical, compressible, viscous fluid confined between two rigid, planar walls
with no-slip boundary conditions. We calculate hydrodynamic fluctuations using
the linearized, stochastic Navier-Stokes formalism of Landau and Lifshitz. The
mean fluctuation-induced force acting on the fluid boundaries vanishes in this
system, so we evaluate the two-point, time-dependent force correlations. The
equal-time correlation function of the forces acting on a single wall gives the
force variance, which we show to be finite and independent of the plate
separation at large inter-plate distances. The equal-time, cross-plate force
correlation, on the other hand, decays with the inverse inter-plate distance
and is independent of the fluid viscosity at large distances; it turns out to
be negative over the whole range of plate separations, indicating that the two
bounding plates are subjected to counter-phase correlations. We show that the
time-dependent force correlations exhibit damped temporal oscillations for
small plate separations and a more irregular oscillatory behavior at large
separations. The long-range hydrodynamic correlations reported here represent a
"secondary Casimir effect", because the mean fluctuation-induced force, which
represents the primary Casimir effect, is absent.


title: New and Old about Renormalons: in Memoriam Kolya Uraltsev

abstract:
  I summarize what we know of renormalons from the 1970s and 80s: their uses
and theoretical status. It is emphasized that renormalons in QCD are closely
related to the Wilsonean operator product expansion (OPE) - a setup ideally
suited for dealing with the factorially divergent series reflecting infrared
dynamics. I discuss a breakthrough proposal due to Uraltsev et al. to use
renormalons to evaluate nonperturbative (power) corrections in the processes
without OPE. Some fresh ideas which were put forward recently are briefly
discussed too, with emphasis on a possible relationship between resurgence via
trans-series and OPE. This article is devoted to the memory of my friend Kolya
Uraltsev. I should emphasize that these are my personal recollections. Other
people who closely knew Kolya may or may not agree with my opinions.


title: Comparative Analysis of Numerical Methods for Parameter Determination

abstract:
  We made a comparative analysis of numerical methods for multidimensional
optimization. The main parameter is a number of computations of the test
function to reach necessary accuracy, as it is computationally "slow". For
complex functions, analytic differentiation by many parameters can cause
problems associated with a significant complication of the program and thus
slowing its operation. For comparison, we used the methods: "brute force" (or
minimization on a regular grid), Monte Carlo, steepest descent, conjugate
gradients, Brent's method (golden section search), parabolic interpolation etc.
The Monte-Carlo method was applied to the eclipsing binary system AM Leo.


title: First Author Advantage: Citation Labeling in Research

abstract:
  Citations among research papers, and the networks they form, are the primary
object of study in scientometrics. The act of making a citation reflects the
citer's knowledge of the related literature, and of the work being cited. We
aim to gain insight into this process by studying citation keys: user-chosen
labels to identify a cited work. Our main observation is that the first listed
author is disproportionately represented in such labels, implying a strong
mental bias towards the first author.


title: Statistical estimation and testing via the sorted L1 norm

abstract:
  We introduce a novel method for sparse regression and variable selection,
which is inspired by modern ideas in multiple testing. Imagine we have
observations from the linear model y = X beta + z, then we suggest estimating
the regression coefficients by means of a new estimator called SLOPE, which is
the solution to minimize 0.5 ||y - Xb\|_2^2 + lambda_1 |b|_(1) + lambda_2
|b|_(2) + ... + lambda_p |b|_(p); here, lambda_1 >= \lambda_2 >= ... >=
\lambda_p >= 0 and |b|_(1) >= |b|_(2) >= ... >= |b|_(p) is the order statistic
of the magnitudes of b. The regularizer is a sorted L1 norm which penalizes the
regression coefficients according to their rank: the higher the rank, the
larger the penalty. This is similar to the famous BHq procedure [Benjamini and
Hochberg, 1995], which compares the value of a test statistic taken from a
family to a critical threshold that depends on its rank in the family. SLOPE is
a convex program and we demonstrate an efficient algorithm for computing the
solution. We prove that for orthogonal designs with p variables, taking
lambda_i = F^{-1}(1-q_i) (F is the cdf of the errors), q_i = iq/(2p), controls
the false discovery rate (FDR) for variable selection. When the design matrix
is nonorthogonal there are inherent limitations on the FDR level and the power
which can be obtained with model selection methods based on L1-like penalties.
However, whenever the columns of the design matrix are not strongly correlated,
we demonstrate empirically that it is possible to select the parameters
lambda_i as to obtain FDR control at a reasonable level as long as the number
of nonzero coefficients is not too large. At the same time, the procedure
exhibits increased power over the lasso, which treats all coefficients equally.
The paper illustrates further estimation properties of the new selection rule
through comprehensive simulation studies.


title:
The Classical-Quantum Multiple Access Channel with Conferencing Encoders
  and with Common Messages

abstract:
  We prove coding theorems for two scenarios of cooperating encoders for the
multiple access channel with two classical inputs and one quantum output. In
the first scenario (ccq-MAC with common messages), the two senders each have
their private messages, but would also like to transmit common messages. In the
second scenario (ccq-MAC with conferencing encoders), each sender has its own
set of messages, but they are allowed to use a limited amount of noiseless
classical communication amongst each other prior to encoding their messages.
This conferencing protocol may depend on each individual message they intend to
send. The two scenarios are related to each other not only in spirit - the
existence of near-optimal codes for the ccq-MAC with common messages is used
for proving the existence of near-optimal codes for the ccq-MAC with
conferencing encoders.


title: Solving 3-SAT and 3-dimensional matching in polynomial time

abstract:
  We show how the implementation of conservative logic gates on flow networks
suggests a way to solve 3SAT and 3-dimensional matching problems in polynomial
time by using standard minimum-cost flow methods.


title:
Nazarov-Wenzl algebras, coideal subalgebras and categorified skew Howe
  duality

abstract:
  We describe how certain cyclotomic Nazarov-Wenzl algebras occur as
endomorphism rings of projective modules in a parabolic version of BGG category
O of type $D$. Furthermore we study a family of subalgebras of these
endomorphism rings which exhibit similar behaviour to the family of Brauer
algebras even when they are not semisimple. The translation functors on this
parabolic category O are studied and proven to yield a categorification of a
coideal subalgebra of the general linear Lie algebra. Finally this is put into
the context of categorifying skew Howe duality for these subalgebras.


title:
Reviewing the observational evidence against long-lived spiral arms in
  galaxies

abstract:
  We review Foyle et al. (2011) previous results, by applying a Fourier
intensity phases method to a nine object sample of galaxies. It was found that
two of the objects (NGC 628 and NGC 5194), with strong two-arm patterns,
present positive evidence for long-lived spirals. Only one of the objects (NGC
3627) shows the contrary evidence. As determined by an analysis of resolved
mass maps, the rest of the objects can not be included in the analysis because
they belong to flocculent and multi-arm type of spiral arms, which are not
described by density wave theory.


title: On hyperbolic points and periodic orbits of symplectomorphisms

abstract:
  We prove the existence of infinitely many periodic orbits of
symplectomorphisms isotopic to the identity if they admit at least one
hyperbolic periodic orbit and satisfy some condition on the flux. Our result is
proved for a certain class of closed symplectic manifolds and the main tool we
use is a variation of Floer theory for symplectomorphisms, the Floer-Novikov
theory. The proof relies on an important result on hyperbolic orbits, namely,
that a \emph{Floer-Novikov} trajectory which converges to an iteration $k$ of
the hyperbolic orbit and crosses its fixed neighborhood has energy bounded
bellow by a strictly positive constant independent of $k$. The main theorem
follows from this feature of hyperbolic orbits and certain properties of
quantum homology on the class of symplectic manifolds we work with.


title: ARKref: a rule-based coreference resolution system

abstract:
  ARKref is a tool for noun phrase coreference. It is a deterministic,
rule-based system that uses syntactic information from a constituent parser,
and semantic information from an entity recognition component. Its architecture
is based on the work of Haghighi and Klein (2009). ARKref was originally
written in 2009. At the time of writing, the last released version was in March
2011. This document describes that version, which is open-source and publicly
available at: http://www.ark.cs.cmu.edu/ARKref


title:
Feature Selection Strategies for Classifying High Dimensional
  Astronomical Data Sets

abstract:
  The amount of collected data in many scientific fields is increasing, all of
them requiring a common task: extract knowledge from massive, multi parametric
data sets, as rapidly and efficiently possible. This is especially true in
astronomy where synoptic sky surveys are enabling new research frontiers in the
time domain astronomy and posing several new object classification challenges
in multi dimensional spaces; given the high number of parameters available for
each object, feature selection is quickly becoming a crucial task in analyzing
astronomical data sets. Using data sets extracted from the ongoing Catalina
Real-Time Transient Surveys (CRTS) and the Kepler Mission we illustrate a
variety of feature selection strategies used to identify the subsets that give
the most information and the results achieved applying these techniques to
three major astronomical problems.


title:
Genuine driving voltage on polarization fatigue in (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3
  antiferroelectric thin films

abstract:
  The polarization fatigue in (Pb0.97La0.02)(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3 (PLZT)
antiferroelectric thin films deposited onto silicon wafers is studied by
investigating the effect of the peak/average/effective cycling voltage through
varying the waveform of the electrical excitation. Interestingly, it is found
that the fatigue endurance of the film is determined by the effective voltage
of the external driving excitation rather than by the peak or average voltages.
Our results can be well explained in the framework of the local phase
decomposition model and indicate that the effective voltage should be
considered as the genuine driving voltage determining the polarization fatigue
in PLZT antiferroelectric films.


title:
Cosmic ray spectrum in the energy range 1.0E15-1.0E18 eV and the second
  knee according to the small Cherenkov setup at the Yakutsk EAS array

abstract:
  From the data on Cherenkov light from EASs collected over the period of more
than 15 years, the spectrum of cosmic rays was obtained in the energy range
1.0E15-1.0E18 eV. This spectrum has two features: at ~3.0E15 eV (first knee)
and at ~1.0E17 eV (second knee). The first knee is characterized by the indexes
\gamma_1=2.7+/-0.03 and \gamma_2 = 3.12+/-0.03 and the second knee - by
\gamma_1 = 2.92+/-0.03 and \gamma_2=3.24+/-0.04. In the second case the
difference amounts to \Delta\gamma_23=0.32{\pm}0.03{\pm}0.05 which is less than
the case of the first knee \Delta\gamma_12=0.42+/-0.03+/-0.05 (here dual errors
represent statistics and systematics correspondingly). The lesser difference
\Delta\gamma_23 can be explained with the influx of cosmic rays from
Meta-galaxy and, hence, with some increase of the cosmic rays intensity in the
energy range 5.0E16-1.0E18 eV, which compensates the escape of heavier nuclei
from the Galaxy. The presence of the second knee could be confirmed by abrupt
change in mass composition from from lnA~3 at ~1.0E17 eV to lnA~1.5 at 1.0E18eV
found from the analysis of longitudinal development of EAS.


title:
The SLUGGS Survey: The globular cluster systems of three early-type
  galaxies using wide-field imaging

abstract:
  We present the results from a wide-field imaging study of globular cluster
(GC) systems in three early-type galaxies. Combinations of Subaru/Suprime-Cam,
CFHT/MegaCam and HST/WFPC2/ACS data were used to determine the GC system
properties of three highly flattened galaxies NGC 720, NGC 1023 and NGC 2768.
This work is the first investigation of the GC system in NGC 720 and NGC 2768
to very large galactocentric radius ($\sim$ 100 kpc). The three galaxies have
clear blue and red GC subpopulations. The radial surface densities of the GC
systems are fitted with Sersic profiles, and detected out to 15, 8 and 10
galaxy effective radii respectively. The total number of GCs and specific
frequency are determined for each GC system. The ellipticity of the red
subpopulation is in better agreement with the host galaxy properties than is
the blue subpopulation, supporting the traditional view that metal-rich GCs are
closely associated with the bulk of their host galaxies' field stars, while
metal-poor GCs reflect a distinct stellar halo. With the addition of another 37
literature studied galaxies, we present a new correlation of GC system extent
with host galaxy effective radius. We find a dependence of the relative
fraction of blue to red GCs with host galaxy environmental density for
lenticular galaxies (but not for elliptical or spiral galaxies). We propose
that tidal interactions between galaxies in cluster environments might be the
reason behind the observed trend for lenticular galaxies.


title:
Brightness and Orbital Motion Peculiarities of Comet C/2012 S1 (ISON):
  Comparison with Two Very Different Comets

abstract:
  To gain a greater insight into the impending evolution of the physical
behavior of comet C/2012 S1, its light curve and orbital properties are
compared with those for C/1962 C1 (Seki-Lines) and C/2002 O4 (Hoenig). All
three are likely Oort Cloud comets. C/1962 C1 survived an encounter with the
Sun at less than 7 Rsun, while C/2002 O4 disintegrated near perihelion at 0.78
AU from the Sun. Less than two months before its perihelion at 2.7 Rsun, C/2012
S1 has a light curve that is much closer to C/1962 C1 than C/2002 O4. It
remains to be seen whether its motion is affected by nongravitational
perturbations. As new data on C/2012 S1 keep coming in, its continuing
comparison with the two comets will provide information on its health by
updating and adjusting its status. Strengths and weaknesses of this approach
for potential future applications will eventually be assessed.


title: Fidelity of Mobius matrices related with Lorentz boosts

abstract:
  In this article we consider the extended version of a real counterpart of
qubit density matrices, called the M\"obius matrix, and we see that it is a
normalized Lorentz boost. Using the isomorphic gyrogroup structures between the
set $\PP$ of all Lorentz boosts and the Einstein gyrogroup on the open unit
ball $\B$ of $\R^n$ we give an explicit formula of the fidelity for M\"obius
matrices in terms of Lorentz gamma factors.


title:
Charge Order with a Noncoplanar Triple-Q Magnetic Order on a Cubic
  Lattice

abstract:
  Ground state of the periodic Anderson model on a cubic lattice is
investigated by mean-field calculations, with focusing on the possibility of
charge ordering. We show that three different charge-ordered phases appear at
3/2 filling, which are accompanied by ferromagnetic, noncoplanar triple-Q, and
ferrimagnetic order, respectively. The triple-Q magnetic order is likely
stabilized by emergent geometrical frustration in the charge-ordered phase with
the ordering wave vector (pi,pi,pi). We show that the nearest-neighbor hopping
between localized electrons stabilizes the triple-Q phase relative to the other
two phases. We also discuss the electronic structure in the triple-Q
charge-ordered phase.


title:
Bulk Superconductivity in Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_{x}$ Induced by
  Annealing in Se and S Vapor

abstract:
  We reported that bulk superconductivity in Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_{x}$ can
be induced by annealing in Se and S vapor. The well-annealed samples show a
large critical current density, emph{J}$_c$ $\sim$ 2 - 4 $\times$ 10$^5$
A/cm$^2$. Combined with our previous reports about O$_2$ and Te annealing
effects, we proved that bulk superconductivity can be successfully induced in
Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_{x}$ by annealing in atmosphere of all chalcogens, such
as O, S, Se and Te.


title:
Multiple basic hypergeometric transformation formulas arising from the
  balanced duality transformation

abstract:
  Some multiple hypergeometric transformation formulas arising from the
balanced du- ality transformation formula are discussed through the symmetry.
Derivations of some transformation formulas with different dimensions are given
by taking certain limits of the balanced duality transformation. By combining
some of them, some transformation formulas for $A_n$ basic hypergeometric
series is given. They include some generalizations of Watson, Sears and ${}_8
W_7$ transformations.


title: Center Lyapunov exponents in partially hyperbolic dynamics

abstract:
  We survey a collection of recent results on center Lyapunov exponents of
partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms. We explain several ideas in simplified
setups and formulate the general versions of results. We also pose some open
questions.


title:
Influence of the intensity gradient upon HHG from free electrons
  scattered by an intense laser beam

abstract:
  When an electron is scattered by a tightly-focused laser beam in vacuum, the
intensity gradient is a critical factor to influence the electron dynamics, for
example, the electron energy exchange with the laser fields as have been
explored before [P.X.Wang et al.,J. Appl. Phys. 91, 856 (2002]. In this paper,
we have further investigated its influence upon the electron high-harmonic
generation (HHG) by treating the spacial gradient of the laser intensity as a
ponderomotive potential. Based upon perturbative QED calculations, it has been
found that the main effect of the intensity gradient is the broadening of the
originally line HHG spectra. A one-to-one relationship can be built between the
beam width and the corresponding line width. Hence this finding may provides us
a promising way to measure the beam width of intense lasers in experiments. In
addition, for a laser pulse, we have also studied the different influences from
transverse and longitudinal intensity gradients upon HHG.


title:
The Green function for the mixed problem for the linear Stokes system in
  domains in the plane

abstract:
  We construct the Green function for the mixed boundary value problem for the
linear Stokes system in a two-dimensional Lipschitz domain.


title: The Mordell-Lang Question for Endomorphisms of Semiabelian Varieties

abstract:
  The Mordell-Lang conjecture describes the intersection of a finitely
generated subgroup with a closed subvariety of a semiabelian variety.
Equivalently, this conjecture describes the intersection of closed subvarieties
with the set of images of the origin under a finitely generated semigroup of
translations. We study the analogous question in which the translations are
replaced by algebraic group endomorphisms (and the origin is replaced by
another point). We show that the conclusion of the Mordell-Lang conjecture
remains true in this setting if either (1) the semiabelian variety is simple,
(2) the semiabelian variety is $A^2$, where $A$ is a one-dimensional
semiabelian variety, (3) the subvariety is a connected one-dimensional
algebraic subgroup, or (4) each endomorphism has diagonalizable Jacobian at the
origin. We also give examples showing that the conclusion fails if we make
slight modifications to any of these hypotheses.


title:
Enhanced signal-to-noise ratios in frog hearing can be achieved through
  amplitude death

abstract:
  In the ear, hair cells transform mechanical stimuli into neuronal signals
with great sensitivity relying on certain active processes. Individual hair
cell bundles of non-mammals such as frogs and turtles are known to show
spontaneous oscillation. However hair bundles in vivo must be quiet in the
absence of stimuli, otherwise, the signal is drowned in intrinsic noise. Thus,
a certain mechanism is needed to exist in order to suppress intrinsic noise.
Here, through a model study of elastically coupled hair bundles of bullfrog
sacculi, we show that a low stimulus threshold and a high signal-to-noise ratio
(SNR) can be achieved through the amplitude death phenomenon (the cessation of
spontaneous oscillations by coupling). This phenomenon occurs only when the
coupled hair bundles have inhomogeneous distribution, which is likely to be the
case in biological systems. We show that the SNR has non-monotonic dependence
on the mass of the overlying membrane, and find out that the SNR has maximum
value in the region of the amplitude death. The low threshold of stimulus
through amplitude death may account for the experimentally observed high
sensitivity of frog sacculi in detecting vibration. The hair bundles' amplitude
death mechanism provides a smart engineering design for low-noise
amplification.


title:
High dimensional stochastic regression with latent factors, endogeneity
  and nonlinearity

abstract:
  We consider a multivariate time series model which represents a high
dimensional vector process as a sum of three terms: a linear regression of some
observed regressors, a linear combination of some latent and serially
correlated factors, and a vector white noise. We investigate the inference
without imposing stationary conditions on the target multivariate time series,
the regressors and the underlying factors. Furthermore we deal with the
endogeneity that there exist correlations between the observed regressors and
the unobserved factors. We also consider the model with nonlinear regression
term which can be approximated by a linear regression function with a large
number of regressors. The convergence rates for the estimators of regression
coefficients, the number of factors, factor loading space and factors are
established under the settings when the dimension of time series and the number
of regressors may both tend to infinity together with the sample size. The
proposed method is illustrated with both simulated and real data examples.


title:
The average dual surface of a cohomology class and minimal simplicial
  decompositions of infinitely many lens spaces

abstract:
  Discrete normal surfaces are normal surfaces whose intersection with each
tetrahedron of a triangulation has at most one component. They are also natural
Poincar\'e duals to 1-cocycles with $\ZZ/2\ZZ$-coefficients. For a fixed
cohomology class in a simplicial poset the average Euler characteristic of the
associated discrete normal surfaces only depends on the $f$-vector of the
triangulation. As an application we determine the minimum simplicial poset
representations, also known as crystallizations, of lens spaces $L(2k,q),$
where $2k=qr+1.$ Higher dimensional analogs of discrete normal surfaces are
closely connected to the Charney-Davis conjecture for flag spheres.


title: Ultralong distance coupling between asymmetric resonant microcavities

abstract:
  The ultralong distance coupling between two Asymmetric Resonant Microcavities
(ARCs) is studied. Different from traditional short distance tunneling coupling
between microcavities, the high efficient free space directional emission and
excitation allow ultralong distance energy transfer between ARCs. In this
paper, a novel unidirectional emission ARC, which shows directionality I40 =
0.54, is designed for materials of refractive index n = 2.0. Compared with
regular whispering gallery microresonators, the coupled unidirectional emission
ARCs show modulations of resonance frequency and linewidth even when the
distance between cavities is much longer than wavelength. The performances and
properties of the ultralong distance interaction between ARCs are analyzed and
studied by coupling mode theory in details. The ultralong distance interaction
between ARCs provides a new way to free-space based optical interconnects
between components in integrated photonic circuits.


title: Spin-Orbit Coupled One-Dimensional Fermi Gases with Infinite Repulsion

abstract:
  The current efforts of studying many-body effects with spin-orbit coupling
(SOC) using alkali-metal atoms are impeded by the heating effects due to
spontaneous emission. Here, we show that even for SOCs too weak to cause any
heating, dramatic many-body effects can emerge in a one-dimensional(1D) spin
1/2 Fermi gas provided the interaction is sufficiently repulsive. For weak
repulsion, the effect of a weak SOC (with strength $\Omega$) is perturbative.
inducing a weak spin spiral (with magnitude proportional to $\Omega$). However,
as the repulsion $g$ increases beyond a critical value ($g_c\sim 1/\Omega$),
the magnitude of the spin spiral rises rapidly to a value of order 1
(independent of $\Omega$). Moreover, near $g=+\infty$, the spins of neighboring
fermions can interfere destructively due to quantum fluctuations of particle
motion, strongly distorting the spin spiral and pulling the spins substantially
away from the direction of the local field at various locations. These effects
are consequences of the spin-charge separation in the strongly repulsive limit.
They will also occur in other 1D quantum gases with higher spins.


title:
Extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs around A--F type stars. VIII. A
  giant planet orbiting the young star HD113337

abstract:
  In the frame of the search for extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs around
early-type main-sequence stars, we present the detection of a giant planet
around the young F-type star HD113337. We estimated the age of the system to be
150 +100/-50 Myr. Interestingly, an IR excess attributed to a cold debris disk
was previously detected on this star. The SOPHIE spectrograph on the 1.93m
telescope at Observatoire de Haute-Provence was used to obtain ~300 spectra
over 6 years. We used our SAFIR tool, dedicated to the spectra analysis of A
and F stars, to derive the radial velocity variations. The data reveal a 324.0
+1.7/-3.3 days period that we attribute to a giant planet with a minimum mass
of 2.83 +- 0.24 Mjup in an eccentric orbit with e=0.46 +- 0.04. A long-term
quadratic drift, that we assign to be probably of stellar origin, is
superimposed to the Keplerian solution.


title:
Unified Dynamics of Electrons and Photons via Zitterbewegung and
  Spin-Orbit Interaction

abstract:
  We show that when an electron or photon propagates in a cylindrically
symmetric waveguide, it experiences both a zitterbewegung effect and a
spin-orbit interaction leading to identical propagation dynamics for both
particles. Applying a unified perturbative approach to both particles
simultaneously, we find that to first-order in perturbation theory their
Hamiltonians each contain identical Darwin (zitterbewegung) and spin-orbit
terms, resulting in the unification of their dynamics. The presence of the
zitterbewegung effect may be interpreted physically as the delocalization of
the electron on the scale of its Compton wavelength, or the delocalization of
the photon on the scale of its wavelength in the waveguide. The presence of the
spin-orbit interaction leads to the prediction of several rotational effects:
the spatial or time evolution of either particle's spin/polarization vector is
controlled by the sign of its orbital angular momentum quantum number, or
conversely, its spatial wave function is controlled by its spin angular
momentum.


title: Stellar Variability in the VVV survey

abstract:
  The Vista Variables in the V\'ia L\'actea (VVV) ESO Public Survey is an
ongoing time-series, near-infrared (IR) survey of the Galactic bulge and an
adjacent portion of the inner disk, covering 562 square degrees of the sky,
using ESO's VISTA telescope. The survey has provided superb multi-color
photometry in 5 broadband filters ($Z$, $Y$, $J$, $H$, and $K_s$), leading to
the best map of the inner Milky Way ever obtained, particularly in the near-IR.
The main variability part of the survey, which is focused on $K_s$-band
observations, is currently underway, with bulge fields having been observed
between 31 and 70 times, and disk fields between 17 and 36 times. When the
survey is complete, bulge (disk) fields will have been observed up to a total
of 100 (60) times, providing unprecedented depth and time coverage. Here we
provide a first overview of stellar variability in the VVV data, including
examples of the light curves that have been collected thus far, scientific
applications, and our efforts towards the automated classification of VVV light
curves.


title:
Ferroelectric field effect of the bulk heterojunction in polymer solar
  cells

abstract:
  A ferroelectric field effect in the bulk heterojunction was found when an
external electric field (EEF) was applied on the active layer of polymer solar
cells (PSCs) during the annealing process of the active layer spin-coated with
poly (3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM).
For one direction field, the short circuit current density of PSCs was improved
from 7.2 to 8.0 mA/cm2, the power conversion efficiency increased from 2.4 to
2.8%, and the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency increased from
42 to 49% corresponding to the different EEF magnitude. For an opposite
direction field, the applied EEF brought a minus effect on the performance
mentioned above. EEF treatment can orientate molecular ordering of the polymer,
and change the morphology of the active layer. The authors suggest a
explanation that the ferroelectric field has been built in the active layer,
and therefore it plays a key role in PSCs system. A needle-like surface
morphology of the active film was also discussed.


title: Counting $S_5$-fields with a power saving error term

abstract:
  We show how the Selberg $\Lambda^2$-sieve can be used to obtain power saving
error terms in a wide class of counting problems which are tackled using
geometry of numbers. Specifically, we give such an error term for the counting
function of $S_5$-quintic fields.


title: Revisiting Riesz transforms for Hermite and Special Hermite Operators

abstract:
  In this paper we prove weighted mixed norm estimates for Riesz transforms
associated to Hermite and special Hermite operators. The estimates are shown to
be equivalent to vectorvalued esimates for a sequence of operators defined in
terms of Laguerre functions of different type.


title: Physical Characterization of Warm Spitzer-observed Near-Earth Objects

abstract:
  Near-infrared spectroscopy of Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) connects diagnostic
spectral features to specific surface mineralogies. The combination of
spectroscopy with albedos and diameters derived from thermal infrared
observations can increase the scientific return beyond that of the individual
datasets. To that end, we have completed a spectroscopic observing campaign to
complement the ExploreNEOs Warm Spitzer program that obtained albedos and
diameters of nearly 600 NEOs (Trilling et al. 2010). Here we present the
results of observations using the low-resolution prism mode (~0.7-2.5 microns)
of the SpeX instrument on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF). We also
include near-infrared observations of ExploreNEOs targets from the MIT-UH-IRTF
Joint Campaign for Spectral Reconnaissance. Our dataset includes near-infrared
spectra of 187 ExploreNEOs targets (125 observations of 92 objects from our
survey and 213 observations of 154 objects from the MIT survey). We identify a
taxonomic class for each spectrum and use band parameter analysis to
investigate the mineralogies for the S-, Q-, and V-complex objects. Our
analysis suggests that for spectra that contain near-infrared data but lack the
visible wavelength region, the Bus-DeMeo system misidentifies some S-types as
Q-types. We find no correlation between spectral band parameters and
ExploreNEOs albedos and diameters. We find slightly negative Band Area Ratio
(BAR) correlations with phase angle for Eros and Ivar, but a positive BAR
correlation with phase angle for Ganymed. We find evidence for spectral phase
reddening for Eros, Ganymed, and Ivar. We identify the likely ordinary
chondrite type analog for a subset of our sample. Our resulting proportions of
H, L, and LL ordinary chondrites differ from those calculated for meteorite
falls and in previous studies of ordinary chondrite-like NEOs.


title: Overflow Probability of Variable-length Codes with Codeword Cost

abstract:
  Lossless variable-length source coding with codeword cost is considered for
general sources. The problem setting, where we impose on unequal costs on code
symbols, is called the variable-length coding with codeword cost. In this
problem, the infimum of average codeword cost have been determined for general
sources. On the other hand, overflow probability, which is defined as the
probability of codeword cost being above a threshold, have not been considered
yet. In this paper, we determine the infimum of achievable threshold in the
first-order sense and the second-order sense for general sources and compute it
for some special sources such as i.i.d. sources and mixed sources. A
relationship between the overflow probability of variable-length coding and the
error probability of fixed-length coding is also revealed. Our analysis is
based on the information-spectrum methods.


title:
Fusion reactions initiated by laser-accelerated particle beams in a
  laser-produced plasma

abstract:
  The advent of high-intensity pulsed laser technology enables the generation
of extreme states of matter under conditions that are far from thermal
equilibrium. This in turn could enable different approaches to generating
energy from nuclear fusion. Relaxing the equilibrium requirement could widen
the range of isotopes used in fusion fuels permitting cleaner and less
hazardous reactions that do not produce high energy neutrons. Here we propose
and implement a means to drive fusion reactions between protons and boron-11
nuclei, by colliding a laser-accelerated proton beam with a laser-generated
boron plasma. We report proton-boron reaction rates that are orders of
magnitude higher than those reported previously. Beyond fusion, our approach
demonstrates a new means for exploring low-energy nuclear reactions such as
those that occur in astrophysical plasmas and related environments.

categories: physics.plasm-ph nucl-ex physics.acc-ph physics.optics


title:
Spontaneous fission lifetimes from the minimization of self-consistent
  collective action

abstract:
  The spontaneous fission lifetime of 264Fm has been studied within nuclear
density functional theory by minimizing the collective action integral for
fission in a two-dimensional quadrupole collective space representing
elongation and triaxiality. The collective potential and inertia tensor are
obtained self-consistently using the Skyrme energy density functional and
density-dependent pairing interaction. The resulting spontaneous fission
lifetimes are compared with the static result obtained with the minimum-energy
pathway. We show that fission pathways strongly depend on assumptions
underlying collective inertia. With the non-perturbative mass parameters, the
dynamic fission pathway becomes strongly triaxial and it approaches the static
fission valley. On the other hand, when the standard perturbative cranking
inertia tensor is used, axial symmetry is restored along the path to fission;
an effect that is an artifact of the approximation used.


title:
Reducing the efficiency droop by lateral carrier confinement in
  InGaN/GaN quantum-well nanorods

abstract:
  Efficiency droop is a major obstacle facing high-power application of
InGaN/GaN quantum-well (QW) light-emitting diodes. In this letter, we report
the suppression of efficiency droop induced by density-activated defect
recombination in nanorod structure of a-plane InGaN/GaN QWs. In the high
carrier density regime, the retained emission efficiency in a dry-etched
nanorod sample is observed to be over two times higher than that in its parent
QW sample. We further argue that the improvement is a combined effect of the
amendment contributed by lateral carrier confinement and the deterioration made
by surface trapping.


title:
Quark to $\Lambda$-hyperon spin transfers in the current-fragmentation
  region

abstract:
  We perform a study on the struck quark to the $\Lambda$-hyperon fragmentation
processes by taking into account the anti-quark fragmentations and intermediate
decays from other hyperons. We concentrate on how the longitudinally polarized
quark fragments to the longitudinally polarized $\Lambda$, how unpolarized
quark and anti-quark fragment to the unpolarized $\Lambda$, and how quark and
anti-quark fragment to the $\Lambda$ through the intermediate decay processes.
We calculate the effective fragmentation functions in the light-cone SU(6)
quark-spectator-diquark model via the Gribov-Lipatov relation, with the
Melosh-Wigner rotation effect also included. The calculated results are in
reasonable agreement with the HERMES semi-inclusive $ep$ experimental data and
the OPAL and ALEPH $e^{+}e^{-}$ annihilation experimental data.


title:
Special Solutions and Linear Monodromy for the Two-Dimensional
  Degenerate Garnier System G(1112)

abstract:
  We have classified special solutions around the origin for the
two-dimensional degenerate Garnier system G(1112) with generic values of
complex parameters, whose linear monodromy can be calculated explicitly.


title: Ad$S_5$ with two boundaries and holography of $\cal{N}=$4 SYM theory

abstract:
  According to the AdS/CFT correspondence, the ${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric
Yang-Mills (SYM) theory is studied through its gravity dual whose configuration
has two boundaries at the opposite sides of the fifth coordinate. At these
boundaries, in general, the four dimensional (4D) metrics are different, then
we expect different properties for the theory living in two boundaries. It is
studied how these two different properties of the theory are obtained from a
common 5D bulk manifold in terms of the holographic method. We could show in
our case that the two theories on the different boundaries are described by the
Ad$S_5$, which is separated into two regions by a domain wall. This domain wall
is given by a special point of the fifth coordinate. Some issues of the
entanglement entropy related to this bulk configuration are also discussed.


title: Fast updating algorithms for latent semantic indexing

abstract:
  This paper discusses a few algorithms for updating the approximate Singular
Value Decomposition (SVD) in the context of information retrieval by Latent
Semantic Indexing (LSI) methods. A unifying framework is considered which is
based on Rayleigh-Ritz projection methods. First, a Rayleigh-Ritz approach for
the SVD is discussed and it is then used to interpret the Zha--Simon algorithms
[SIAM J. Scient. Comput. vol. 21 (1999), pp. 782-791]. This viewpoint leads to
a few alternatives whose goal is to reduce computational cost and storage
requirement by projection techniques that utilize subspaces of much smaller
dimension. Numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithms yield
accuracies comparable to those obtained from standard ones at a much lower
computational cost.


title:
Planetary Populations in the Mass-Period Diagram: A Statistical
  Treatment of Exoplanet Formation and the Role of Planet Traps

abstract:
  The rapid growth in the number of known exoplanets has revealed the existence
of several distinct planetary populations in the observed mass-period diagram.
Two of the most surprising are, (1) the concentration of gas giants around 1AU
and (2) the accumulation of a large number of low-mass planets with tight
orbits, also known as super-Earths and hot Neptunes. We have recently shown
that protoplanetary disks have multiple planet traps that are characterized by
orbital radii in the disks and halt rapid type I planetary migration. By
coupling planet traps with the standard core accretion scenario, we showed that
one can account for the positions of planets in the mass-period diagram. In
this paper, we demonstrate quantitatively that most gas giants formed at planet
traps tend to end up around 1 AU with most of these being contributed by dead
zones and ice lines. In addition, we show that a large fraction of super-Earths
and hot Neptunes are formed as "failed" cores of gas giants - this population
being constituted by comparable contributions from dead zone and heat
transition traps. Our results are based on the evolution of forming planets in
an ensemble of disks where we vary only the lifetimes of disks as well as their
mass accretion rates onto the host star. We show that a statistical treatment
of the evolution of a large population of planetary cores initially caught in
planet traps accounts for the existence of three distinct exoplantary
populations - the hot Jupiters, the more massive planets at roughly orbital
radii around 1 AU orbital, and the short period SuperEarths and hot Neptunes.
There are very few evolutionary tracks that feed into the large orbital radii
characteristic of the imaged Jovian planet, which agrees with recent surveys.
Finally, we find that low-mass planets in tight orbits become the dominant
planetary population for low mass stars ($M_* \le 0.7 M_{\odot}$).


title: Prolongations of Lie Algebra Representations

abstract:
  In this paper, we present a study on the prolongations of representations of
Lie algebras. We show that a tangent bundle of a given Lie algebra attains a
Lie algebra structure. Then, we prove that this tangent bundle is algebraically
isomorphic to the Lie algebra of a tangent bundle of a Lie group. Using these,
we define prolongations of representations of Lie algebras. We show that if a
Lie algebra representation corresponds to a Lie group representation, then
prolongation of Lie algebra representation corresponds to the prolonged Lie
group representation.


title:
Thermodynamics and Quasinormal modes of Park black hole in Ho\v{r}ava
  gravity

abstract:
  We study the quasinormal modes of the massless scalar field of Park black
hole in the Ho\v{r}ava gravity using the third order WKB approximation method
and found that black hole is stable against these perturbation. We compare and
discuss the results with that of Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole.
Thermodynamic properties of Park black hole are investigated and the
thermodynamic behavior of upper mass bound is also studied.


title: Enumerating Polytropes

abstract:
  Polytropes are both ordinary and tropical polytopes. We show that tropical
types of polytropes in $\mathbb{TP}^{n-1}$ are in bijection with cones of a
certain Gr\"{o}bner fan $\mathcal{GF}_n$ in $\mathbb{R}^{n^2 - n}$ restricted
to a small cone called the polytrope region. These in turn are indexed by
compatible sets of bipartite and triangle binomials. Geometrically, on the
polytrope region, $\mathcal{GF}_n$ is the refinement of two fans: the fan of
linearity of the polytrope map appeared in \cite{tran.combi}, and the bipartite
binomial fan. This gives two algorithms for enumerating tropical types of
polytropes: one via a general Gr\"obner fan software such as \textsf{gfan}, and
another via checking compatibility of systems of bipartite and triangle
binomials. We use these algorithms to compute types of full-dimensional
polytropes for $n = 4$, and maximal polytropes for $n = 5$.


title:
Aspects of finite field-dependent symmetry in SU(2) Cho-Faddeev-Niemi
  decomposition

abstract:
  In this Letter we consider SU(2) Yang-Mills theory analysed in
Cho-Faddeev-Niemi variables which remains invariant under local gauge
transformations. The BRST symmetries of this theory is generalized by making
the infinitesimal parameter finite and field-dependent. Further, we show that
under appropriate choices of finite and field-dependent parameter, the
gauge-fixing and ghost terms corresponding to Landau as well as maximal Abelian
gauge for such Cho-Faddeev-Niemi decomposed theory appear naturally within
functional integral through Jacobian calculation.


title: Canonical duality for solving general nonconvex constrained problems

abstract:
  This paper presents a canonical duality theory for solving a general
nonconvex constrained optimization problem within a unified framework to cover
Lagrange multiplier method and KKT theory. It is proved that if both target
function and constraints possess certain patterns necessary for modeling real
systems, a perfect dual problem (without duality gap)can be obtained in a
unified form with global optimality conditions provided. While the popular
augmented Lagrangian method may produce more difficult nonconvex problems due
to the nonlinearity of constraints.


title: On the Prolongations of Representations of Lie Groups

abstract:
  In this paper, we introduce a study of prolongations of representations of
Lie groups. We obtain a faithful (one-to-one) representation of TG where G is a
finite-dimensional Lie group and TG is the tangent bundle of G, by using (not
necessarily faithful) representations of G. We show that tangent functions of
Lie group actions correspond to prolonged representations. We prove that if two
representations are equivalent, then their prolongations are equivalent too. We
show that if U is an invariant subspace for a representation, then TU is an
invariant subspace for the prolongation of the given representation and vice
versa. We prove that if the prolongation of \Phi is an irreducible
representation, then \Phi is also an irreducible representation. Finally we
show that prolongations of direct sum of two representations are direct sum of
their prolongations.


title:
Pad\'e approximation and glueball mass estimates in 3d and 4d with N_c =
  2,3 colors

abstract:
  A Pad\'e approximation approach, rooted in an infrared moment technique, is
employed to provide mass estimates for various glueball states in pure gauge
theories. The main input in this analysis are theoretically well-motivated fits
to lattice gluon propagator data, which are by now available for both SU(2) and
SU(3) in 3 and 4 space-time dimensions. We construct appropriate gauge
invariant and Lorentz covariant operators in the (pseudo)scalar and
(pseudo)tensor sector. Our estimates compare reasonably well with a variety of
lattice sources directly aimed at extracting glueball masses.


title: Bi-Lipschitz Bijection between the Boolean Cube and the Hamming Ball

abstract:
  We construct a bi-Lipschitz bijection from the Boolean cube to the Hamming
ball of equal volume. More precisely, we show that for all even n there exists
an explicit bijection f from the n-dimensional Boolean cube to the Hamming ball
of equal volume embedded in (n+1)-dimensional Boolean cube, such that for all x
and y it holds that distance(x,y) / 5 <= distance(f(x),f(y)) <= 4 distance(x,y)
where distance(,) denotes the Hamming distance. In particular, this implies
that the Hamming ball is bi-Lipschitz transitive.
  This result gives a strong negative answer to an open problem of Lovett and
Viola [CC 2012], who raised the question in the context of sampling
distributions in low-level complexity classes. The conceptual implication is
that the problem of proving lower bounds in the context of sampling
distributions will require some new ideas beyond the sensitivity-based
structural results of Boppana [IPL 97].
  We study the mapping f further and show that it (and its inverse) are
computable in DLOGTIME-uniform TC0, but not in AC0. Moreover, we prove that f
is "approximately local" in the sense that all but the last output bit of f are
essentially determined by a single input bit.


title:
Generation of incoherent light from a laser diode based on the injection
  of an emission from a superluminescent diode

abstract:
  In this study, incoherent light with a spectral linewidth of 7 nm and 140 mW
of power was generated from a laser diode into which incoherent light emitted
from a superluminescent diode was injected with 2.7 mW of power. The spectral
linewidth of the light from the laser diode was broadened to 12 nm when the
diode's output power was reduced to 15 mW. In the process of transformation
from single-mode laser light to incoherent light with a broad spectrum by
increasing injection-light power, multimode laser oscillation and a noisy
spectrum were found in the light from the laser diode. This optical system can
be used not only for amplification of incoherent light but also as a
coherence-convertible light source.


title: The gaps between the sizes of large clusters in 2D critical percolation

abstract:
  Consider critical bond percolation on a large 2n by 2n box on the square
lattice. It is well-known that the size (i.e. number of vertices) of the
largest open cluster is, with high probability, of order n^2 \pi(n), where
\pi(n) denotes the probability that there is an open path from the center to
the boundary of the box. The same result holds for the second-largest cluster,
the third largest cluster etcetera. Jarai showed that the differences between
the sizes of these clusters is, with high probability, at least of order
\sqrt{n^2 \pi(n)}. Although this bound was enough for his applications (to
incipient infinite clusters), he believed, but had no proof, that the
differences are in fact of the same order as the cluster sizes themselves, i.e.
n^2 \pi(n). Our main result is a proof that this is indeed the case.


title: The Formation of the massive galaxies in the SSA22 z=3.1 protocluster

abstract:
  The properties of K-band selected galaxies (K_AB<24) in the z = 3.09 SSA22
protocluster field are studied. 430 galaxies at 2.6 < z_phot < 3.6 are selected
as potential protocluster members in a 112 arcmin^2 area based on their
photometric redshifts. We find that \approx 20% of the massive galaxies with
stellar masses >10^11 M_sun at z_phot \sim 3.1 have colors consistent with
those of quiescent galaxies with ages > 0.5 Gyr. This fraction increases to
\approx 50% after correcting for unrelated foreground/background objects. We
also find that 30% of the massive galaxies are heavily reddened dusty
star-forming galaxies. Few such quiescent galaxies at similar redshifts are
seen in typical survey fields. An excess surface density of 24\mu m sources at
z_phot \sim 3.1 is also observed, implying the presence of dusty star-formation
activity in the protocluster. Cross-correlation with the X-ray data indicates
that the fraction of K-band selected protocluster galaxies hosting active
galactic nuclei (AGN) is also high compared with the field. The sky
distribution of the quiescent galaxies, the 24\mu m sources, and the X-ray AGNs
show clustering around a density peak of z=3.1 Ly\alpha emitters (LAEs). A
significant fraction of the massive galaxies have already become quiescent,
while the dusty star-formation is still active in the SSA22 protocluster. These
findings indicate that we are witnessing the formation epoch of massive
early-type galaxies at the center of predecessors to present-day rich galaxy
clusters.