title:
Magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the elliptical instability in
  triaxial ellipsoids

abstract:
  The elliptical instability can take place in planetary cores and stars
elliptically deformed by gravitational effects, where it generates large-scale
three-dimensional flows assumed to be dynamo capable. In this work, we present
the first magneto-hydrodynamic numerical simulations of such flows, using a
finite-element method. We first validate our numerical approach by comparing
with kinematic and dynamic dynamos benchmarks of the literature. We then
systematically study the magnetic field induced by various modes of the
elliptical instability from an imposed external field in a triaxial ellipsoidal
geometry, relevant in a geo- and astrophysical context. Finally, in tidal
induction cases, the external magnetic field is suddenly shut down and the
decay rates of the magnetic field are systematically reported.


title:
Bifurcation diagrams and multiplicity for nonlocal elliptic equations
  modeling gravitating systems based on Fermi-Dirac statistics

abstract:
  This paper is devoted to multiplicity results of solutions to nonlocal
elliptic equations modeling gravitating systems. By considering the case of
Fermi-Dirac statistics as a singular perturbation of Maxwell-Boltzmann one, we
are able to produce multiplicity results. Our method is based on cumulated mass
densities and a logarithmic change of coordinates that allows us to describe
the set of all solutions by a non-autonomous perturbation of an autonomous
dynamical system. This has interesting consequences in terms of bifurcation
diagrams, which are illustrated by a some numerical computations. More
specifically, we study a model based on the Fermi function as well as a
simplified one for which estimates are easier to establish. The main difficulty
comes from the fact that the mass enters in the equation as a parameter which
makes the whole problem non-local.


title: Scalar conservation laws with rough (stochastic) fluxes

abstract:
  We develop a pathwise theory for scalar conservation laws with quasilinear
multiplicative rough path dependence, a special case being stochastic
conservation laws with quasilinear stochastic dependence. We introduce the
notion of pathwise stochastic entropy solutions, which is closed with the local
uniform limits of paths, and prove that it is well posed, i.e., we establish
existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence, in the form of pathwise
$L^1$-contraction, as well as some explicit estimates. Our approach is
motivated by the theory of stochastic viscosity solutions, which was introduced
and developed by two of the authors, to study fully nonlinear first- and
second-order stochastic pde with multiplicative noise. This theory relies on
special test functions constructed by inverting locally the flow of the
stochastic characteristics. For conservation laws this is best implemented at
the level of the kinetic formulation which we follow here.


title:
Nonlinear diffusion: Geodesic Convexity is equivalent to Wasserstein
  Contraction

abstract:
  It is well known that nonlinear diffusion equations can be interpreted as a
gradient flow in the space of probability measures equipped with the Euclidean
Wasserstein distance. Under suitable convexity conditions on the nonlinearity,
due to R. J. McCann, the associated entropy is geodesically convex, which
implies a contraction type property between all solutions with respect to this
distance. In this note, we give a simple straightforward proof of the
equivalence between this contraction type property and this convexity
condition, without even resorting to the entropy and the gradient flow
structure.


title: Spin-thermodynamics of cold spin-1 atoms decoupled from spatial modes

abstract:
  We study the thermodynamic properties of cold spin-1 atoms with a fixed
magnetization M and decoupled from spatial modes. Three temperature domains are
found: (0, T1) is a domain of second condensation, namely, both the spatial and
spin degrees of freedom are frozen; (T1, T2) is a T - sensitive domain, where
the internal energy U \propto T, entropy SE \propto log T, and U/kBT is always
less than 3/2; (T2, T3) is the third domain with a maximum entropy. When T is
higher than T3, the spatial modes can not be neglected. The appearance of these
domains originates from the two gaps: (i) The gap between the ground state and
the first excited state, and (ii) the gap between the highest spin-state
without spatial excitation and the lowest state with a spatial mode excited.
These two gaps are crucial to the low temperature physics and they can be
tuned.


title:
Galileogenesis: A new cosmophenomenological zip code for reheating
  through R-parity violating coupling

abstract:
  In this paper we introduce an idea of leptogenesis scenario in higher
derivative gravity induced DBI Galileon framework {\it aka Galileogenesis} in
presence of one-loop R-parity violating couplings in the background of a low
energy effective supergravity setup. We have studied extensively the detailed
feature of reheating constraints and the cosmophenomenological consequences of
thermal gravitino dark matter in light of PLANCK and PDG data. Finally we have
also established a direct cosmological connection among dark matter relic
abundance, reheating temperature and tensor-to-scalar ratio in the context of
DBI Galileon inflation.


title:
Large Deviation Principle for Mild Solutions of Stochastic Evolution
  Equations with Multiplicative L\'{e}vy Noise

abstract:
  We demonstrate the large deviation principle in the small noise limit for the
mild solution of stochastic evolution equations with monotone nonlinearity. A
recently developed method, weak convergent method, has been employed in
studying the large deviations. we have used essentially the main result of
Budhiraja et al., [4] which discloses the variational representation of
exponential integrals w.r.t. the L\'{e}vy noise. An It\^{o}-type inequality is
a main tool in our proofs. Our framework covers a wide range of semilinear
parabolic, hyperbolic and delay differential equations. We give some examples
to illustrate the applications of the results.


title:
Evidence of unconventional low-frequency dynamics in the normal phase of
  Ba(Fe1-xRhx)2As2 iron-based supercondutors

abstract:
  This work presents 75As NMR spin echo decay rate (1/T2) measurements in
Ba(Fe1-xRhx)2As2 superconductors, for 0.041 < x < 0.094. It is shown that 1/T2
increases upon cooling, in the normal phase, suggesting the onset of an
unconventional very low-frequency activated dynamic. The correlation times of
the fluctuations and their energy barriers are derived. The motion is favored
at large Rh content, while it is hindered by the application of a magnetic
field perpendicular to the FeAs layers. The same dynamic is observed in the
spin-lattice relaxation rate, in a quantitatively consistent manner. These
results are discussed in the light of nematic fluctuations involving domain
wall motion. The analogies with the behaviour observed in the cuprates are also
outlined.


title:
Inside the Muchnik Degrees II: The Degree Structures induced by the
  Arithmetical Hierarchy of Countably Continuous Functions

abstract:
  It is known that infinitely many Medvedev degrees exist inside the Muchnik
degree of any nontrivial $\Pi^0_1$ subset of Cantor space. We shed light on the
fine structures inside these Muchnik degrees related to learnability and
piecewise computability. As for nonempty $\Pi^0_1$ subsets of Cantor space, we
show the existence of a finite-$\Delta^0_2$-piecewise degree containing
infinitely many finite-$(\Pi^0_1)_2$-piecewise degrees, and a
finite-$(\Pi^0_2)_2$-piecewise degree containing infinitely many
finite-$\Delta^0_2$-piecewise degrees (where $(\Pi^0_n)_2$ denotes the
difference of two $\Pi^0_n$ sets), whereas the greatest degrees in these three
"finite-$\Gamma$-piecewise" degree structures coincide. Moreover, as for
nonempty $\Pi^0_1$ subsets of Cantor space, we also show that every nonzero
finite-$(\Pi^0_1)_2$-piecewise degree includes infinitely many Medvedev (i.e.,
one-piecewise) degrees, every nonzero countable-$\Delta^0_2$-piecewise degree
includes infinitely many finite-piecewise degrees, every nonzero
finite-$(\Pi^0_2)_2$-countable-$\Delta^0_2$-piecewise degree includes
infinitely many countable-$\Delta^0_2$-piecewise degrees, and every nonzero
Muchnik (i.e., countable-$\Pi^0_2$-piecewise) degree includes infinitely many
finite-$(\Pi^0_2)_2$-countable-$\Delta^0_2$-piecewise degrees. Indeed, we show
that any nonzero Medvedev degree and nonzero countable-$\Delta^0_2$-piecewise
degree of a nonempty $\Pi^0_1$ subset of Cantor space have the strong
anticupping properties. Finally, we obtain an elementary difference between the
Medvedev (Muchnik) degree structure and the finite-$\Gamma$-piecewise degree
structure of all subsets of Baire space by showing that none of the
finite-$\Gamma$-piecewise structures are Brouwerian, where $\Gamma$ is any of
the Wadge classes mentioned above.


title:
Thermometry of cold atoms in optical lattices via artificial gauge
  fields

abstract:
  Artificial gauge fields are a unique way of manipulating the motional state
of cold atoms. Here we propose the use of artificial gauge fields -- obtained
e.g. via lattice shaking -- to perform primary noise thermometry of cold atoms
in optical lattices - not requiring any form of prior calibration. The proposed
thermometric scheme relies on fundamental fluctuation-dissipation relations,
connecting the global response to the variation of the applied gauge field and
the fluctuation of quantities related to the momentum distribution (such as the
average kinetic energy or the average current). We demonstrate gauge-field
thermometry for several physical situations, including free fermions and
strongly interacting bosons. The proposed approach is extremely robust to
quantum fluctuations - even in the vicinity of a quantum phase transition -
when it relies on the thermal fluctuations of an emerging classical field,
associated with the onset of Bose condensation or chiral order.


title:
The placement of the head that minimizes online memory: a complex
  systems approach

abstract:
  It is well known that the length of a syntactic dependency determines its
online memory cost. Thus, the problem of the placement of a head and its
dependents (complements or modifiers) that minimizes online memory is
equivalent to the problem of the minimum linear arrangement of a star tree.
However, how that length is translated into cognitive cost is not known. This
study shows that the online memory cost is minimized when the head is placed at
the center, regardless of the function that transforms length into cost,
provided only that this function is strictly monotonically increasing. Online
memory defines a quasi-convex adaptive landscape with a single central minimum
if the number of elements is odd and two central minima if that number is even.
We discuss various aspects of the dynamics of word order of subject (S), verb
(V) and object (O) from a complex systems perspective and suggest that word
orders tend to evolve by swapping adjacent constituents from an initial or
early SOV configuration that is attracted towards a central word order by
online memory minimization. We also suggest that the stability of SVO is due to
at least two factors, the quasi-convex shape of the adaptive landscape in the
online memory dimension and online memory adaptations that avoid regression to
SOV. Although OVS is also optimal for placing the verb at the center, its low
frequency is explained by its long distance to the seminal SOV in the
permutation space.

categories: cs.CL nlin.AO physics.data-an physics.soc-ph


title: Sobolev homeomorphisms and Brennan's conjecture

abstract:
  Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be a domain that supports the
$p$-Poincar\'e inequality. Given a homeomorphism $\varphi \in L^1_p(\Omega)$,
for $p>n$ we show the domain $\varphi(\Omega)$ has finite geodesic diameter.
This result has a direct application to Brennan's conjecture and quasiconformal
homeomorphisms. {\bf The Inverse Brennan's conjecture} states that for any
simply connected plane domain $\Omega' \subset\mathbb C$ with nonempty boundary
and for any conformal homeomorphism $\varphi$ from the unit disc $\mathbb{D}$
onto $\Omega'$ the complex derivative $\varphi'$ is integrable in the degree
$s$, $-2<s<2/3$. If $\Omega'$ is bounded than $-2<s\leq 2$. We prove that
integrability in the degree $s> 2$ is not possible for domains $\Omega'$ with
infinite geodesic diameter.


title: On the location of roots of graph polynomials

abstract:
  Roots of graph polynomials such as the characteristic polynomial, the
chromatic polynomial, the matching polynomial, and many others are widely
studied. In this paper we examine to what extent the location of these roots
reflects the graph theoretic properties of the underlying graph.


title:
Enhanced Faraday Rotation via Resonant Tunnelling in Tri-Layers
  Containing Magneto-Optical Metals

abstract:
  We study resonant tunnelling effects that can occur in tri-layer structures
featuring a dielectric layer sandwiched between two magneto-optical-metal
layers. We show that the resonance splitting associated with these phenomena
can be exploited to enhance Faraday rotation at optical frequencies. Our
results indicate that, in the presence of realistic loss levels, a tri-layer
structure of sub-wavelength thickness is capable of yielding sensible
(~10{\deg}) Faraday rotation with transmittance levels that are an order of
magnitude larger than those attainable with a standalone slab of
magneto-optical metal of same thickness.


title:
On the cost of fast controls for some families of dispersive or
  parabolic equations in one space dimension

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider the cost of null controllability for a large class
of linear equations of parabolic or dispersive type in one space dimension in
small time. By extending the work of Tenenbaum and Tucsnak in "New blow-up
rates for fast controls of Schr\"odinger and heat equations`", we are able to
give precise upper bounds on the time-dependance of the cost of fast controls
when the time of control T tends to 0. We also give a lower bound of the cost
of fast controls for the same class of equations, which proves the optimality
of the power of T involved in the cost of the control. These general results
are then applied to treat notably the case of linear KdV equations and
fractional heat or Schr\"odinger equations.


title: Integral points of fixed degree and bounded height

abstract:
  By Northcott's Theorem there are only finitely many algebraic points in
affine $n$-space of fixed degree over a given number field and of height at
most $X$. For large $X$ the asymptotics of these cardinalities have been
investigated by Schanuel, Schmidt, Gao, Masser and Vaaler, and the author. In
this paper we study the case where the coordinates of the points are restricted
to algebraic integers, and we derive the analogues of Schanuel's, Schmidt's,
Gao's and the author's results.


title:
Filtrations de stratification de quelques vari\'et\'es de Shimura
  simples

abstract:
  We define and study new filtrations called of stratification of a perverse
sheaf on a scheme; beside the cases of the weight or monodromy filtrations,
these filtrations are available whatever are the ring of coefficients. We
illustrate these constructions in the geometric situation of the simple unitary
Shimura varieties of Harris and Taylor's book for the perverse sheaves of
Harris-Taylor and the complex of vanishing cycles, introduced and studied in my
2009 paper at inventiones. In the situation studied in loc. cit., we show how
to use these filtrations to simplify the principal step of this paper; the
cases of finite field or ring of integer of a local field will be studied in
the next published paper.


title: La cohomologie des espaces de Lubin-Tate est libre

abstract:
  The principal result of this work is the freeness in the $ \overline{\mathbb
Z}_l$-cohomology of the Lubin-Tate tower. The strategy is of global nature and
relies on studying the filtration of stratification of the perverse sheaf of
vanishing cycles of some Shimura varieties of Kottwitz-Harris-Taylor types,
whose graduates can be explicited as some intermediate extension of some local
system constructed in the book of Harris andTaylor. The crucial point relies on
the study of the difference between such extension for the two classical
$t$-structures $p$ and $p+$. The main ingredients use the theory of derivative
for representations of the mirabolic group.


title: Top Couplings: pre-Snowmass Energy Frontier 2013 Overview

abstract:
  Overview on top couplings measurements is presented, and the prospects of
future measurements are discussed. The coupling of top to the W boson can be
examined either by looking at the decay of the top quark or from single top
quark production. With the advent of high statistics top physics at the LHC and
at the high-luminosity LHC, the processes where the bosons (photon, Z and
Higgs) are produced in association with top quarks become accessible. The first
evidence on the coupling of the top quark to these particles will come from the
production rate.


title:
Energy conditions in $F(T,\Theta)$ gravity and compatibility with a
  stable de Sitter solution

abstract:
  We study a new type of the modified teleparallel gravity of the form
$F(T,\,\Theta)$ in which $T$, the torsion scalar, is coupled with $\Theta$, the
trace of the stress-energy tensor. In a perturbational approach, we study the
stability of the solutions and as a special case we find a condition for
stability of the de Sitter phase. Then we adopt a suitable form for
$F(T,\Theta)$ that realizes a stable de Sitter solution so that the stability
condition creates a specific constraint on the parametric space of the model.
Finally, the energy conditions in the framework of $F(T,\Theta)$ gravity is
investigated.


title: Comprehending heavy charmonia and their decays by hadron loop effects

abstract:
  We present that including the hadron loop effects could help us to understand
the spectrum of the heavier charmonium-like states and their decays
simultaneously. The observed states could be represented by the poles on the
complex energy plane. By coupling to the opened thresholds, the pole positions
are shifted from the bare states predicted in the quenched potential model to
the complex energy plane. The pole masses are generally pulled down from the
bare masses and the open-charm decay widths are related to the imaginary parts
of the pole positions. Moreover, we also analyze the pole trajectory of the
$\chi_{c1}(2P)$ state while the quark pair production rate from the vacuum
changes in its uncertainty region, which indicates that the enigmatic X(3872)
state may be regarded as a $1^{++}$ $c\bar{c}$ charmonium-dominated state
dressed by the hadron loops as the others.


title: Non-Minimal Braneworld Inflation after the Planck

abstract:
  The recently released Planck data have constrained 4-dimensional inflationary
parameters even more accurately than ever. We consider an extension of the
braneworld model with induced gravity and a non-minimally coupled scalar field
on the brane. We constraint the inflation parameters in this setup, by adopting
six types of potential, in confrontation with the joint Planck+WMAP9+BAO data.
We show that a potential of the type $V(\varphi)=V_{0}\exp(-\beta\varphi)$ has
the best fit with newly released observational data.


title: Coordinate Geometric Approach to Spherometer

abstract:
  The spherometer used for measuring radius of curvature of spherical surfaces
is explicitly based on a geometric relation unique to circles and spheres. We
present an alternate approach using coordinate geometry, which reproduces the
well-known result for the spherometer and also leads to a scheme to study
aspherical surfaces. We shall also briefly describe some of the modified
spherometers.


title: A Clustering Approach to Learn Sparsely-Used Overcomplete Dictionaries

abstract:
  We consider the problem of learning overcomplete dictionaries in the context
of sparse coding, where each sample selects a sparse subset of dictionary
elements. Our main result is a strategy to approximately recover the unknown
dictionary using an efficient algorithm. Our algorithm is a clustering-style
procedure, where each cluster is used to estimate a dictionary element. The
resulting solution can often be further cleaned up to obtain a high accuracy
estimate, and we provide one simple scenario where $\ell_1$-regularized
regression can be used for such a second stage.


title:
Econophysics: Comments on a few Applications, Successes, Methods, &
  Models

abstract:
  For this special issue, the article aims at discussing a few econophysics
problems studied so far rather successfully. The following "applications" in
micro-econo-physics are considered : (i) financial crashes; it is emphasized
that one can distinguish between endogenous and exogenous causes; (ii)
portofolio control, selection and inherent risk measure; (iii) foreign currency
exchanges, also distinguishing endogenous and exogenous money control; (iv)
price and asset evolution values. It is shown that some macro-econo-physics
problem have been also tackled, like geographic/political constraints, the
globalization of the economy and country clustering. Moreover, it is daring to
suggest prospect for studies and researches, whence presenting some selection
of a few interesting perspectives.


title:
Finite size effects in hadron-quark phase transition by the
  Dyson-Schwinger method

abstract:
  We study the hadron-quark phase transition, taking into account the
finite-size effects for neutron star matter. For the hadron phase, we adopt a
realistic equation of state within the framework of the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock
theory. For the quark phase, we apply the Dyson-Schwinger method. The
properties of the mixed phase are clarified by considering the finite-size
effects. We find that, if the surface tension is strong enough, the equation of
state becomes to be close the one with the Maxwell condition, though we
properly adopt the Gibbs conditions. This result is qualitatively the same with
the one by the use of the simple bag model. We also find that the mass-radius
relation by the EoS is consistent with the observations of massive neutron
stars.


title:
The Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry and Cold Dark Matter from The Left-Right
  Mirror Symmetric Model with The Global $U(1)_{B-L}\otimes U(1)_{D}$

abstract:
  The paper suggests a left-right mirror symmetric model with the global
$U(1)_{B-L}\otimes U(1)_{D}$ symmetries. The model can simultaneously
accommodate the standard model, neutrino physics, matter-antimatter asymmetry
and cold dark matter. The model naturally and elegantly accounts for the origin
of the tiny neutrino mass, matter-antimatter asymmetry and cold dark matter. In
particular, it predicts a number of interesting results, e.g. a right-handed
neutrino asymmetry and a dark Goldstone boson. It is also feasible and
promising to test the model in future experiments.


title:
Shedding of Vortex Rings from an Oscillating Sphere in Superfluid He-4
  below 0.5 K - The Origin of the Turbulent Drag Force

abstract:
  The onset of turbulent flow around an oscillating sphere is known to occur at
a critical velocity vc ~ sqrt(kappa omega) where kappa is the circulation
quantum and omega is the oscillation frequency. However, in a small interval of
driving force amplitudes F (or corresponding velocity amplitudes of few percent
above vc) the turbulent flow is found to be unstable. The flow pattern switches
intermittently between potential flow and turbulence. The lifetimes of the
turbulent phases have an exponential distribution and the mean lifetimes tau
grow very rapidly with increasing driving force, namely as tau(F) ~ exp
[(F/F1)^2]. In this work this experimental result is analyzed in more detail
than before, in particular the force F1 is identified. As a result, the
turbulent drag force F(v) ~ (v^2 - vc^2) can be ascribed quantitatively to the
shedding of vortex rings having the size of the sphere. Moreover, we can infer
the average number of vortex rings that are shed per half-period at any given
velocity v on the turbulent drag force.


title: Analytic and numerical study of the free energy in gauge theory

abstract:
  We derive some exact bounds on the free energy W(J) in an SU(N) gauge theory,
where J_mu^b is a source for the gluon field A_mu^b in the minimal Landau
gauge, and W(J) is the generating functional of connected correlators, exp W(J)
= <exp(J, A)>. We also provide asymptotic expressions for the free energy W(J)
at large J and for the quantum effective action Gamma(A) at large A. We
specialize to a source J(x)=h cos(kx) of definite momentum k and source
strength h, and study the gluon propagator D(k,h) in the presence of this
source. Among other relations, we prove int_0^inf dh D(k,h)<=2^1/2 k, which
implies lim_(k->0) D(k,h) = 0, for all positive h>0. Thus the system does not
respond to a static color probe, no matter how strong. Recent lattice data in
minimal Landau gauge in d =3 and 4 dimensions at h=0 indicate that the gluon
propagator in the minimum Landau gauge is finite, lim_(k->0) D(k,0)>0. Thus
these lattice data imply a jump in the value of D(k,h) at h=0 and k=0, and the
value of D(k,h) at this point depends on the order of limits. We also present
numerical evaluations of the free energy W(k,h) and the gluon propagator D(k,h)
for the case of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in various dimensions which support all
of these findings.


title: A new formula for Pfaffian-type Segal-Sugawara vector

abstract:
  A combinatorial formula for Pfaffian for the universal enveloping algebra of
the affine Kac - Moody algebra of even orthogonal Lie algebra is proved. It
allows easily to compute the image of this Segal-Sugawara vector under the
Harish-Chandra homomorphism and to deduce formulas for classical Pfaffian of
universal enveloping algebra of the even orthogonal Lie algebra.


title:
New Concept for a Neutron Electric Dipole Moment Search using a Pulsed
  Beam

abstract:
  A concept to search for a neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) is presented,
which employs a pulsed neutron beam instead of the nowadays established use of
storable ultracold neutrons (UCN). The technique takes advantage of the high
peak flux and the time structure of a next-generation pulsed spallation source
like the planned European Spallation Source. It is demonstrated that the
sensitivity for a nEDM can be improved by several orders of magnitude compared
to the best beam experiments performed in the 1970's and can compete with the
sensitivity of UCN experiments.


title: Detecting an induced net subdivision

abstract:
  A {\em net} is a graph consisting of a triangle $C$ and three more vertices,
each of degree one and with its neighbour in $C$, and all adjacent to different
vertices of $C$. We give a polynomial-time algorithm to test whether an input
graph has an induced subgraph which is a subdivision of a net. Unlike many
similar questions, this does not seem to be solvable by an application of the
"three-in-a-tree" subroutine.


title: Linear balanceable and subcubic balanceable graphs

abstract:
  In [{Structural properties and decomposition of linear balanced matrices},
{\it Mathematical Programming}, 55:129--168, 1992], Conforti and Rao
conjectured that every balanced bipartite graph contains an edge that is not
the unique chord of a cycle. We prove this conjecture for balanced bipartite
graphs that do not contain a cycle of length 4 (also known as linear balanced
bipartite graphs), and for balanced bipartite graphs whose maximum degree is at
most 3. We in fact obtain results for more general classes, namely linear
balanceable and subcubic balanceable graphs. Additionally, we prove that cubic
balanced graphs contain a pair of twins, a result that was conjectured by
Morris, Spiga and Webb in [Balanced Cayley graphs and balanced planar graphs,
{\it Discrete Mathematics}, 310:3228--3235, 2010].


title: A note on the surface quasi-geostrophic temperature variance cascade

abstract:
  In this note we examine the dynamical role played by inertial forces on the
surface temperature (or buoyancy) variance in strongly rotating, stratified
flows with uniform potential vorticity fields. In particular, using a dynamic,
multi-scale averaging process, we identify a sufficient condition for the
existence of a direct temperature variance cascade across an inertial range.
While the result is consistent with the physical and numerical theories of SQG
turbulence, the condition which triggers the cascade is more exotic, a fact
reflecting the non-locality introduced by fractional dissipation.


title: Symmetrization of mono\"ids as hypergroups

abstract:
  We adapt the construction of the Grothendieck group associated to a
commutative mono\"id to handle idempotent mono\"ids. Our construction works for
a restricted class of commutative mono\"ids, it agrees with the Grothendieck
group construction in many cases and yields a hypergroup which solves the
universal problem for morphisms to hypergroups. It gives the expected
non-trivial hypergroup construction in the case of idempotent mono\"ids.


title: Logistic Modeling of a Religious Sect Features

abstract:
  The financial characteristics of sects are challenging topics. The present
paper concerns the Antoinist Cult community (ACC), which has appeared at the
end of the 19-th century in Belgium, have had quite an expansion, and is now
decaying. The historical perspective is described in an Appendix. Although
surely of marginal importance in religious history, the numerical and analytic
description of the ACC growth AND decay evolution per se should hopefully
permit generalizations toward behaviors of other sects, with either longer life
time, i.e. so called religions or churches, or to others with shorter life
time. Due to the specific aims and rules of the community, in particular the
lack of proselytism, and strict acceptance of only anonymous financial gifts,
an indirect measure of their member number evolution can only be studied. This
is done here first through the time dependence of new temple inaugurations,
between 1910 and 1940. Besides, the community yearly financial reports can be
analyzed. They are legally known between 1920 and 2000. Interestingly, several
regimes are seen, with different time spans. The agent based model chosen to
describe both temple number and finance evolutions is the Verhulst logistic
function taking into account the limited resources of the population. Such a
function remarkably fits the number of temple evolution, taking into account a
no construction time gap, historically explained. The empirical Gompertz law
can also be used for fitting this number of temple evolution data, as shown in
an Appendix. It is thereby concluded that strong social forces have been acting
both in the growth and decay phases.


title:
Lineability, spaceability, and additivity cardinals for Darboux-like
  functions

abstract:
  We introduce the concept of {\em maximal lineability cardinal number},
$\mL(M)$, of a subset $M$ of a topological vector space and study its relation
to the cardinal numbers known as: additivity $A(M)$, homogeneous lineability
$\HL(M)$, and lineability $\LL(M)$ of $M$. In particular, we will describe, in
terms of $\LL$, the lineability and spaceability of the families of the
following Darboux-like functions on $\real^n$, $n\ge 1$: extendable, Jones, and
almost continuous functions.


title: Uncertainty Relations for Accurate Measurements

abstract:
  Our investigation of the results of the neutron spin experiment by Ehhart et
al. demonstrates that their results cannot be understood in accordance with
common sense. For example, their results obtained with different measurement
errors are equal to each other for a same neutron state. This is because their
measurement values have a large systematic error due to adopting an incorrect
measurement-value operator, which is the operator that gives the measurement
values of the measured observable. They asserted that their results confirmed
the validity of a universally valid uncertainty relation proposed by Ozawa.
Therefore, their results demonstrate unexpectedly that Ozawa's uncertainty
relation holds true for incorrect measurements. In addition, we have proved
this fact theoretically. The measurement-value operator must be defined in
order that the systematic error of measurement values predicted by the operator
is zero. Such a measurement is called an accurate measurement. Two kind of
uncertainty relations are derived for accurate measurements of a
pre-measurement observable $\hat{x}_0$. In addition, we have presented an
uncertainty relation for accurate measurements of a post-measurement observable
$\hat{x}_t$. Heisenberg's original uncertainty relation for measurement
processes should be interpreted as this relation between the resolution, that
is, the measurement error of the post-measurement observable $\hat{x}_t$ and
the disturbance of an object observable $\hat{y}_0$.


title: Asymptotic Expansion of Spherical Integral

abstract:
  We consider the spherical integral of real symmetric or Hermitian matrices
when the rank of one matrix is one. We prove the existence of the full
asymptotic expansions of these spherical integrals and derive the first and the
second term in the asymptotic expansion. Using asymptotic expression of the
spherical integral, we derive the asymptotic freeness of Wigner matrices with
(deterministic) Hermitian matrices.


title:
An elementary approach to dessins d'enfants and the
  Grothendieck-Teichm\"uller group

abstract:
  We give an account of the theory of dessins d'enfants which is both
elementary and self-contained. We describe the equivalence of many categories
(graphs embedded nicely on surfaces, finite sets with certain permutations,
certain field extensions, and some classes of algebraic curves), some of which
are naturally endowed with an action of the absolute Galois group of the
rational field. We prove that the action is faithful. Eventually we prove that
this absolute Galois group embeds into the Grothendieck-Teichm\"uller group
$GT_0$ introduced by Drinfel'd. There are explicit approximations of $GT_0$ by
finite groups, and we hope to encourage computations in this area.
  Our treatment includes a result which has not appeared in the literature yet:
the Galois action on the subset of regular dessins - that is, those exhibiting
maximal symmetry -- is also faithful.


title: The possible resolution of Boltzmann brains problem in phantom cosmology

abstract:
  We consider the well-known Boltzmann brains problem in frames of simple
phantom energy models with little rip and big rip singularity. It is showed
that these models (i) satisfy to observational data and (ii) may be free from
Boltzmann brains problem. The human observers in phantom models can exist only
in during for a certain period $t<t_{f}$ ($t_{f}$ is lifetime of universe) via
Bekenstein bound. If fraction of unordered observers in this part of universe
history is negligible in comparison with ordered observers than Boltzmann
brains problem doesn't appear. The bounds on model parameters derived from such
requirement don't contradict to allowable range from observational data.


title:
Approximate controllability, exact controllability, and conical
  eigenvalue intersections for quantum mechanical systems

abstract:
  We study the controllability of a closed control-affine quantum system driven
by two or more external fields. We provide a sufficient condition for
controllability in terms of existence of conical intersections between
eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian in dependence of the controls seen as
parameters. Such spectral condition is structurally stable in the case of three
controls or in the case of two controls when the Hamiltonian is real. The
spectral condition appears naturally in the adiabatic control framework and
yields approximate controllability in the infinite-dimensional case. In the
finite-dimensional case it implies that the system is Lie-bracket generating
when lifted to the group of unitary transformations, and in particular that it
is exactly controllable. Hence, Lie algebraic conditions are deduced from
purely spectral properties.
  We conclude the article by proving that approximate and exact controllability
are equivalent properties for general finite-dimensional quantum systems.


title:
Study of gamma ray response of R404A superheated droplet detector using
  a two-state model

abstract:
  The superheated droplet detector (SDD) is known to be gamma insensitive below
a threshold temperature which made them excellent candidates for neutron
detection in the presence of gamma rays. Above the threshold temperature, the
gamma ray detection efficiency increases with increase in temperature. In this
work the gamma ray threshold temperature has been studied for SDD using R404A
as the active liquid and is compared to the theoretical prediction. The
temperature variation of gamma ray detection efficiency and interstate
transition kinetics has also been studied using a two-state model. The
experiments are performed at the ambient pressure of 1 atmosphere and in the
temperature range of 17-32oC using a 662 keV 137Cs gamma ray source.


title:
The influence of the finite velocity on spatial distribution of
  particles in the frame of Levy walk model

abstract:
  Levy walk at the finite velocity is considered. To analyze the spatial and
temporal characteristics of this process, the method of moments has been used.
The asymptotic distributions of the moments (at $t\to\infty$) have been
obtained for $N$ dimensional case where the free path of particles demonstrates
the power-law distribution $p_{\xi}(x)=\alpha x_0^\alpha x^{-\alpha-1}$,
$x\to\infty$, $0<\alpha<2$. The three regimes of distribution have been
distinguished: ballistic, diffusion and asymptotic. Introduction of the finite
velocity requires considering of two problems: propagation with distribution at
the finite mathematical expectation of the free path ($1<\alpha<2$) and
propagation with distribution at the infinite mathematical expectation of the
free path of the particle ($0<\alpha<1$). In the case $1<\alpha<2$, the
asymptotic distribution is described by the Levy stable law and the effect of
the finite velocity is reduced to a decrease of diffusivity. At $0<\alpha<1$,
the situation is quite different. Here, the asymptotic distribution exhibits a
$U$- or $W$-shape and is described as the ballistic regime of distribution. The
obtained moments allow to reconstruct the distribution densities of particles
in one-dimensional and three-dimensional cases.


title: Regret-Based Multi-Agent Coordination with Uncertain Task Rewards

abstract:
  Many multi-agent coordination problems can be represented as DCOPs. Motivated
by task allocation in disaster response, we extend standard DCOP models to
consider uncertain task rewards where the outcome of completing a task depends
on its current state, which is randomly drawn from unknown distributions. The
goal of solving this problem is to find a solution for all agents that
minimizes the overall worst-case loss. This is a challenging problem for
centralized algorithms because the search space grows exponentially with the
number of agents and is nontrivial for standard DCOP algorithms we have. To
address this, we propose a novel decentralized algorithm that incorporates
Max-Sum with iterative constraint generation to solve the problem by passing
messages among agents. By so doing, our approach scales well and can solve
instances of the task allocation problem with hundreds of agents and tasks.


title: Reversed Hardy-Littewood-Sobolev inequality

abstract:
  The classical sharp Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality states that, for
$1<p, t<\infty$ and $0<\lambda=n-\alpha <n$ with $ 1/p +1 /t+ \lambda /n=2$,
there is a best constant $N(n,\lambda,p)>0$, such that $$ |\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}
\int_{\mathbb{R}^n} f(x)|x-y|^{-\lambda} g(y) dx dy|\le
N(n,\lambda,p)||f||_{L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)}||g||_{L^t(\mathbb{R}^n)} $$ holds for
all $f\in L^p(\mathbb{R}^n), g\in L^t(\mathbb{R}^n).$ The sharp form is due to
Lieb, who proved the existence of the extremal functions to the inequality with
sharp constant, and computed the best constant in the case of $p=t$ (or one of
them is 2). Except that the case for $p\in ((n-1)/n, n/\alpha)$ (thus $\alpha$
may be greater than $n$) was considered by Stein and Weiss in 1960, there is no
other result for $\alpha>n$. In this paper, we prove that the reversed
Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality for $0<p, t<1$, $\lambda<0$ holds for all
nonnegative $f\in L^p(\mathbb{R}^n), g\in L^t(\mathbb{R}^n).$ For $p=t$, the
existence of extremal functions is proved, all extremal functions are
classified via the method of moving sphere, and the best constant is computed.


title: Expansion in finite simple groups of Lie type

abstract:
  We show that random Cayley graphs of finite simple (or semisimple) groups of
Lie type of fixed rank are expanders. The proofs are based on the
Bourgain-Gamburd method and on the main result of our companion paper,
establishing strongly dense subgroups in simple algebraic groups.


title: Source Broadcasting to the Masses: Separation has a Bounded Loss

abstract:
  This work discusses the source broadcasting problem, i.e. transmitting a
source to many receivers via a broadcast channel. The optimal rate-distortion
region for this problem is unknown. The separation approach divides the problem
into two complementary problems: source successive refinement and broadcast
channel transmission. We provide bounds on the loss incorporated by applying
time-sharing and separation in source broadcasting. If the broadcast channel is
degraded, it turns out that separation-based time-sharing achieves at least a
factor of the joint source-channel optimal rate, and this factor has a positive
limit even if the number of receivers increases to infinity. For the AWGN
broadcast channel a better bound is introduced, implying that all achievable
joint source-channel schemes have a rate within one bit of the separation-based
achievable rate region for two receivers, or within $\log_2 T$ bits for $T$
receivers.


title:
Null structure and local well-posedness in the energy class for the
  Yang-Mills equations in Lorenz gauge

abstract:
  We demonstrate null structure in the Yang-Mills equations in Lorenz gauge.
Such structure was found in Coulomb gauge by Klainerman and Machedon, who used
it to prove global well-posedness for finite-energy data. Compared with Coulomb
gauge, Lorenz gauge has the advantage---shared with the temporal gauge---that
it can be imposed globally in space even for large solutions. Using the null
structure and bilinear space-time estimates, we also prove local-in-time
well-posedness of the equations in Lorenz gauge, for data with finite energy.
The time of existence depends on the initial energy and on the $H^s \times
H^{s-1}$-norm of the initial potential, for some $s < 1$.


title: Further stable neutron star models from f(R) gravity

abstract:
  Neutron star models in perturbative $f(R)$ gravity are considered with
realistic equations of state. In particular, we consider the FPS, SLy and other
equations of state and a case of piecewise equation of state for stars with
quark cores. The mass-radius relations for $f(R)=R+R(e^{-R/R_{0}}-1)$ model and
for $R^2$ models with logarithmic and cubic corrections are obtained. In the
case of $R^2$ gravity with cubic corrections, we obtain that at high central
densities ($\rho>10\rho_{ns}$, where $\rho_{ns}=2.7\times 10^{14}$ g/cm$^{3}$
is the nuclear saturation density), stable star configurations exist. The
minimal radius of such stars is close to $9$ km with maximal mass $\sim 1.9
M_{\odot}$ (SLy equation). A similar situation takes place for AP4 and BSK20
EoS. Such an effect can give rise to more compact stars than in General
Relativity. If observationally identified, such objects could constitute a
formidable signature for modified gravity at astrophysical level. Another
interesting result can be achieved in modified gravity with only a cubic
correction. For some EoS, the upper limit of neutron star mass increases and
therefore these EoS can describe realistic star configurations (although, in
General Relativity, these EoS are excluded by observational constraints).


title:
The relative yields of heavy hadrons as function of transverse momentum
  at LHC experiments

abstract:
  It is shown that the dependence of ratio $f_s/f_d$ could be understood within
the fragmentation approach. However, the validity of fragmentation model is
questionable at low $p_T$, and contributions of nonfragmentation mechanisms are
possible. It is demonstrated, that the precise measurements of $p_T$ dependence
of $f_s/f_d$, $f_{\Lambda_b}/f_{B}$ and analogous values as function of $p_T$
can essentially improve our understanding of heavy hadron production.At large
$p_T$ a plateau is expected in $f_s/f_d$ distribution. Contrary, a plateau is
not expected in $f_{B_c}/f_{B}$ distribution on $p_T$.


title:
Integral isoperimetric transference and dimensionless Sobolev
  inequalities

abstract:
  We introduce the concept of Gaussian integral isoperimetric transference and
show how it can be applied to obtain a new class of sharp Sobolev-Poincar\'{e}
inequalities with constants independent of the dimension. In the special case
of $L^{q}$ spaces on the unit $n-$dimensional cube our results extend the
recent inequalities that were obtained in \cite{FKS} using extrapolation.


title: The Swap Matching Problem Revisited

abstract:
  In this paper, we revisit the much studied problem of Pattern Matching with
Swaps (Swap Matching problem, for short). We first present a graph-theoretic
model, which opens a new and so far unexplored avenue to solve the problem.
Then, using the model, we devise two efficient algorithms to solve the swap
matching problem. The resulting algorithms are adaptations of the classic
shift-and algorithm. For patterns having length similar to the word-size of the
target machine, both the algorithms run in linear time considering a fixed
alphabet.


title: Modeling the non-recycled Fermi gamma-ray pulsar population

abstract:
  We use Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope detections and upper limits on
non-recycled pulsars obtained from the Large Area Telescope (LAT) to constrain
how the gamma-ray luminosity L depends on the period P and the period
derivative \dot{P}. We use a Bayesian analysis to calculate a best-fit
luminosity law, or dependence of L on P and \dot{P}, including different
methods for modeling the beaming factor. An outer gap (OG) magnetosphere
geometry provides the best-fit model, which is L \propto P^{-a} \dot{P}^{b}
where a=1.36\pm0.03 and b=0.44\pm0.02, similar to but not identical to the
commonly assumed L \propto \sqrt{\dot{E}} \propto P^{-1.5} \dot{P}^{0.5}. Given
upper limits on gamma-ray fluxes of currently known radio pulsars and using the
OG model, we find that about 92% of the radio-detected pulsars have gamma-ray
beams that intersect our line of sight. By modeling the misalignment of radio
and gamma-ray beams of these pulsars, we find an average gamma-ray beaming
solid angle of about 3.7{\pi} for the OG model, assuming a uniform beam. Using
LAT-measured diffuse fluxes, we place a 2{\sigma} upper limit on the average
braking index and a 2{\sigma} lower limit on the average surface magnetic field
strength of the pulsar population of 3.8 and 3.2 X 10^{10} G, respectively. We
then predict the number of non-recycled pulsars detectable by the LAT based on
our population model. Using the two-year sensitivity, we find that the LAT is
capable of detecting emission from about 380 non-recycled pulsars, including
150 currently identified radio pulsars. Using the expected five-year
sensitivity, about 620 non-recycled pulsars are detectable, including about 220
currently identified radio pulsars. We note that these predictions
significantly depend on our model assumptions.


title:
Memory transfer optimization for a lattice Boltzmann solver on Kepler
  architecture nVidia GPUs

abstract:
  The Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for solving fluid flow is naturally well
suited to an efficient implementation for massively parallel computing, due to
the prevalence of local operations in the algorithm. This paper presents and
analyses the performance of a 3D lattice Boltzmann solver, optimized for third
generation nVidia GPU hardware, also known as `Kepler'. We provide a review of
previous optimisation strategies and analyse data read/write times for
different memory types. In LBM, the time propagation step (known as streaming),
involves shifting data to adjacent locations and is central to parallel
performance; here we examine three approaches which make use of different
hardware options. Two of which make use of `performance enhancing' features of
the GPU; shared memory and the new shuffle instruction found in Kepler based
GPUs. These are compared to a standard transfer of data which relies instead on
optimised storage to increase coalesced access. It is shown that the more
simple approach is most efficient; since the need for large numbers of
registers per thread in LBM limits the block size and thus the efficiency of
these special features is reduced. Detailed results are obtained for a D3Q19
LBM solver, which is benchmarked on nVidia K5000M and K20C GPUs. In the latter
case the use of a read-only data cache is explored, and peak performance of
over 1036 Million Lattice Updates Per Second (MLUPS) is achieved. The
appearance of a periodic bottleneck in the solver performance is also reported,
believed to be hardware related; spikes in iteration-time occur with a
frequency of around 11Hz for both GPUs, independent of the size of the problem.


title: Remarks on Hamiltonian Structures in G_2-Geometry

abstract:
  In this article, we treat G_2-geometry as a special case of multisymplectic
geometry and make a number of remarks regarding Hamiltonian multivector fields
and Hamiltonian differential forms on manifolds with an integrable
G_2-structure; in particular, we discuss existence and make a number of
identifications of the spaces of Hamiltonian structures associated to the two
multisymplectic structures associated to an integrable G_2-structure. Along the
way, we prove some results in multisymplectic geometry that are generalizations
of results from symplectic geometry.


title: Analyticity and higher twists

abstract:
  The representation for infinite sum of higher twists (HT) tower in DIS
implied by analyticity of virtual Compton amplitude is suggested. Its simplest
realization allows to describe the Bjorken sum rule at all momentum transfers.
It is stressed that TMDs accommodate the infinite tower of HT similar to
non-local vacuum condensates for the case of vacuum matrix element. The D-term
in hadronic GPDs bears some similarity to vacuum cosmological constant. The
negative sign of D-term may be understood as a similarity between inflation and
annihilation via the graviton exchange.


title:
The global extension problem, crossed products and co-flag
  non-commutative Poisson algebras

abstract:
  Let $P$ be a Poisson algebra, $E$ a vector space and $\pi : E \to P$ an
epimorphism of vector spaces with $V = {\rm Ker} (\pi)$. The global extension
problem asks for the classification of all Poisson algebra structures that can
be defined on $E$ such that $\pi : E \to P$ becomes a morphism of Poisson
algebras. From a geometrical point of view it means to decompose this groupoid
into connected components and to indicate a point in each such component. All
such Poisson algebra structures on $E$ are classified by an explicitly
constructed classifying set ${\mathcal G} {\mathcal P} {\mathcal H}^{2} \, (P,
\, V)$ which is the coproduct of all non-abelian cohomological objects
${\mathcal P} {\mathcal H}^{2} \, (P, \, (V, \cdot_V, [-,-]_V))$ which are the
classifying sets for all extensions of $P$ by $(V, \cdot_V, [-,-]_V)$. The
second classical Poisson cohomology group $H^2 (P, V)$ appears as the most
elementary piece among all components of ${\mathcal G} {\mathcal P} {\mathcal
H}^{2} \, (P, \, V)$. Several examples are provided in the case of metabelian
Poisson algebras or co-flag Poisson algebras over $P$: the latter being Poisson
algebras $Q$ which admit a finite chain of epimorphisms of Poisson algebras
$P_n : = Q \stackrel{\pi_{n}}{\longrightarrow} P_{n-1} \, \cdots \, P_1
\stackrel{\pi_{1}} {\longrightarrow} P_{0} := P$ such that ${\rm dim} ( {\rm
Ker} (\pi_{i}) ) = 1$, for all $i = 1, \cdots, n$.


title: On the sequence $\alpha n!$

abstract:
  We prove that there exists $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}$ such that for any $N$ the
dicrepancy $D_N$ of the sequence $\{\alpha n !\} ,\, 1\le n \le N$ satisfies $
D_N = O(\log N)$.


title: A Systematic Approach to Constructing Market Models With Arbitrage

abstract:
  This short note provides a systematic construction of market models without
unbounded profits but with arbitrage opportunities.


title: Riemannian foliations on contractible manifolds

abstract:
  We prove that Riemannian foliations on complete contractible manifolds have a
closed leaf, and that all leaves are closed if one closed leaf has a finitely
generated fundamental group. Under additional topological or geometric
assumptions we prove that the foliation is also simple.


title: Conformally Coupled Induced Gravity as an Infrared Fixed Point

abstract:
  We have found that the conformally coupled induced gravity can be an infrared
fixed point of induced gravity with Yukawa couplings with matter. The late time
cosmology with a uniform mean matter distribution can be described by the
conformally coupled induced gravity, which has an emergent global conformal
symmetry in the cosmic scale. Aiming to resolve the puzzles for the dark
energy, we have obtained exact cosmological equations and determined the dark
energy density, the matter density, and the jerk parameter in the present
universe based on the recent observational cosmic expansion data for $a/H^{2}$.


title: De Branges spaces and Krein's theory of entire operators

abstract:
  This work presents a contemporary treatment of Krein's entire operators with
deficiency indices $(1,1)$ and de Branges' Hilbert spaces of entire functions.
Each of these theories played a central role in the research of both renown
mathematicians. Remarkably, entire operators and de Branges spaces are
intimately connected and the interplay between them has had an impact in both
spectral theory and the theory of functions. This work exhibits the
interrelation between Krein's and de Branges' theories by means of a functional
model and discusses recent developments, giving illustrations of the main
objects and applications to the spectral theory of difference and differential
operators.


title: Edge scattering of electrons in graphene

abstract:
  We discuss the contribution of edge scattering to the conductance of graphene
nanoribbons and nanoflakes. Using different possible types of the boundary
conditions for the electron wave function at the edge, we found dependences of
the momentum relaxation time and conductance on the geometric sizes and on the
carrier density. We also consider the case of ballistic nanoribbon and
nanodisc, for which the edge scaterring is the main mechanism of momentum
relaxation.


title:
The Carriers of the Interstellar Unidentified Infrared Emission
  Features: Constraints from the Interstellar C-H Stretching Features at
  3.2-3.5 Micrometers

abstract:
  The unidentified infrared emission (UIE) features at 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, and
11.3 micrometer, commonly attributed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)
molecules, have been recently ascribed to mixed aromatic/aliphatic organic
nanoparticles. More recently, an upper limit of <9% on the aliphatic fraction
(i.e., the fraction of carbon atoms in aliphatic form) of the UIE carriers
based on the observed intensities of the 3.4 and 3.3 micrometer emission
features by attributing them to aliphatic and aromatic C-H stretching modes,
respectively, and assuming A_34./A_3.3~0.68 derived from a small set of
aliphatic and aromatic compounds, where A_3.4 and A_3.3 are respectively the
band strengths of the 3.4 micrometer aliphatic and 3.3 micrometer aromatic C-H
bonds.
  To improve the estimate of the aliphatic fraction of the UIE carriers, here
we analyze 35 UIE sources which exhibit both the 3.3 and 3.4 micrometer C-H
features and determine I_3.4/I_3.3, the ratio of the power emitted from the 3.4
micrometer feature to that from the 3.3 micrometer feature. We derive the
median ratio to be <I_3.4/I_3.3> ~ 0.12. We employ density functional theory
and second-order perturbation theory to compute A_3.4/A_3.3 for a range of
methyl-substituted PAHs. The resulting A_3.4/A_3.3 ratio well exceeds 1.4, with
an average ratio of <A_3.4/A_3.3> ~1.76. By attributing the 3.4 micrometer
feature exclusively to aliphatic C-H stretch (i.e., neglecting anharmonicity
and superhydrogenation), we derive the fraction of C atoms in aliphatic form to
be ~2%. We therefore conclude that the UIE emitters are predominantly aromatic.


title: Poset vectors and generalized permutohedra

abstract:
  We show that given a poset P and and a subposet Q, the integer points
obtained by restricting linear extensions of P to Q can be explained via
integer lattice points of a generalized permutohedron.


title:
On Iron Monoxide Nanoparticles as a Carrier of the Mysterious 21
  Micrometer Emission Feature in Post-Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars

abstract:
  A prominent, mysterious emission feature peaking at ~20.1 micrometer ---
historically known as the ``21 micrometer' feature --- is seen in over two
dozen Galactic and Magellanic Cloud carbon-rich post-asymptotic giant branch
(post-AGB) stars. The nature of its carrier remains unknown since the first
detection of the 21 micrometer feature in 1989. Over a dozen materials have
been suggested as possible carrier candidates. However, none of them has been
accepted: they either require too much material (compared to what is available
in the circumstellar shells around these post-AGB stars), or exhibit additional
emission features which are not seen in these 21 micrometer sources.
  Recently, iron monoxide (FeO) nanoparticles seem to be a promising carrier
candidate as Fe is an abundant element and FeO emits exclusively at ~21
micrometer. In this work, using the proto-typical protoplanetary nebula HD
56126 as a test case, we examine FeO nanoparticles as a carrier for the 21
micrometer feature by modeling their infrared emission, with FeO being
stochastically heated by single stellar photons. We find that FeO emits too
broad a 21 micrometer feature to explain the observed one and the Fe abundance
required to be locked up in FeO exceeds what is available in HD 56126. We
therefore conclude that FeO nanoparticles are unlikely responsible for the 21
micrometer feature.


title: The High-Energy Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics

abstract:
  We address the issue of the interpretation of quantum mechanics by asking why
the issue never arises in the description of high-energy interactions. We argue
that several tenets of quantum mechanics, specifically the collapse of the wave
function, follow directly once one accepts the essential randomness of
fundamental interaction events. We then show that scale separation of
fundamental interactions ensures that decoherent measurement can be
unambiguously separated from the random quantum events. Finally, we argue that
the fundamental symmetries of space and time guarantee the existence of a
unique preferred basis. We argue that this set of ideas might lead to an
interpretation of quantum mechanics, or rather, show in which sense an
"interpretation" is (or is not) necessary.


title:
Measurements of Production Properties of K0S mesons and Lambda hyperons
  in Proton-Carbon Interactions at 31 GeV/c

abstract:
  Spectra of K0S mesons and Lambda hyperons were measured in p+C interactions
at 31 GeV/c with the large acceptance NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS.
The data were collected with an isotropic graphite target with a thickness of
4% of a nuclear interaction length. Interaction cross sections, charged pion
spectra, and charged kaon spectra were previously measured using the same data
set. Results on K0S and Lambda production in p+C interactions serve as
reference for the understanding of the enhancement of strangeness production in
nucleus-nucleus collisions. Moreover, they provide important input for the
improvement of neutrino flux predictions for the T2K long baseline neutrino
oscillation experiment in Japan. Inclusive production cross sections for K0S
and Lambda are presented as a function of laboratory momentum in intervals of
the laboratory polar angle covering the range from 0 up to 240 mrad. The
results are compared with predictions of several hadron production models. The
K0S mean multiplicity in production processes <n_K0S> and the inclusive cross
section for K0S production were measured and amount to 0.127 +- 0.005 (stat) +-
0.022 (sys) and 29.0 +- 1.6 (stat) +- 5.0 (sys) mb, respectively.


title:
New and updated stellar parameters for 90 transit hosts. The effect of
  the surface gravity

abstract:
  Context. Precise stellar parameters are crucial in exoplanet research for
correctly determining of the planetary parameters. For stars hosting a
transiting planet, determining of the planetary mass and radius depends on the
stellar mass and radius, which in turn depend on the atmospheric stellar
parameters. Different methods can provide different results, which leads to
different planet characteristics.}%Spectroscopic surface gravities have shown
to be poorly constrained, but the photometry of the transiting planet can
provide an independent measurement of the surface gravity.
  Aims. In this paper, we use a uniform method to spectroscopically derive
stellar atmospheric parameters, chemical abundances, stellar masses, and
stellar radii for a sample of 90 transit hosts. Surface gravities are also
derived photometrically using the stellar density as derived from the light
curve. We study the effect of using these different surface gravities on the
determination of the chemical abundances and the stellar mass and radius.
  Methods. A spectroscopic analysis based on Kurucz models in LTE was performed
through the MOOG code to derive the atmospheric parameters and the chemical
abundances. The photometric surface gravity was determined through isochrone
fitting and the use of the stellar density, directly determined from the light
curve. Stellar masses and radii are determined through calibration formulae.
  Results. Spectroscopic and photometric surface gravities differ, but this has
very little effect on the precise determination of the stellar mass in our
spectroscopic analysis. The stellar radius, and hence the planetary radius, is
most affected by the surface gravity discrepancies. For the chemical
abundances, the difference is, as expected, only noticable for the abundances
derived from analyzing of lines of ionized species.


title: Knot Floer Filtration Classes of Topologically Slice Knots

abstract:
  The knot Floer complex and the concordance invariant $\varepsilon$ can be
used to define a filtration on the smooth concordance group. We exhibit an
ordered subset of this filtration that is isomorphic to $\mathbb{N} \times
\mathbb{N}$ and consists of topologically slice knots.


title: On the limiting distribution of the metric dimension for random forests

abstract:
  The metric dimension of a graph G is the minimum size of a subset S of
vertices of G such that all other vertices are uniquely determined by their
distances to the vertices in S. In this paper we investigate the metric
dimension for two different models of random forests, in each case obtaining
normal limit distributions for this parameter.


title:
Antiproton low-energy collisions with Ps-atoms and true muonium atoms
  ($\mu^+\mu^-$)

abstract:
  Three-charge-particle collisions with participation of ultra-slow antiprotons
($\bar{\rm{p}}$) is the subject of this work. Specifically we compute the total
cross sections and corresponding thermal rates of the following three-body
reactions: $\bar{\rm p}+(e^+e^-) \rightarrow \bar{\rm{H}} + e^-$ and $\bar{\rm
p}+(\mu^+\mu^-) \rightarrow \bar{\rm{H}}_{\mu} + \mu^-$, where $e^-(\mu^-)$ is
an electron (muon) and $e^+(\mu^+)$ is a positron (antimuon) respectively,
$\bar{\rm{H}}=(\bar{\rm p}e^+)$ is an antihydrogen atom and
$\bar{\rm{H}}_{\mu}=(\bar{\rm p}\mu^+)$ is a muonic antihydrogen atom, i.e. a
bound state of $\bar{\rm{p}}$ and $\mu^+$. A set of two-coupled few-body
Faddeev-Hahn-type (FH-type) equations is numerically solved in the framework of
a modified close-coupling expansion approach.


title: Plug-and-play distributed state estimation for linear systems

abstract:
  This paper proposes a state estimator for large-scale linear systems
described by the interaction of state-coupled subsystems affected by bounded
disturbances. We equip each subsystem with a Local State Estimator (LSE) for
the reconstruction of the subsystem states using pieces of information from
parent subsystems only. Moreover we provide conditions guaranteeing that the
estimation errors are confined into prescribed polyhedral sets and converge to
zero in absence of disturbances. Quite remarkably, the design of an LSE is
recast into an optimization problem that requires data from the corresponding
subsystem and its parents only. This allows one to synthesize LSEs in a
Plug-and-Play (PnP) fashion, i.e. when a subsystem gets added, the update of
the whole estimator requires at most the design of an LSE for the subsystem and
its parents. Theoretical results are backed up by numerical experiments on a
mechanical system.


title: Isotemporal classes of diasters, beachballs, and daisies

abstract:
  If the vertices composing a network interact at distinct time points, the
temporal ordering of these interactions and the network's graph structure are
sufficient to convey the routes by which information can flow in the network.
Two networks with real-valued edge labels are temporally isomorphic if there
exists a graph isomorphism f:N->M that preserves temporal paths - paths in
which sequential edge labels are strictly increasing. An equivalence class of
temporally ismorphic networks is known as an isotemporal class. Methods to
determine the number of isotemporal classes of a particular graph structure
N(G) are non-obvious, and refractory to traditional techniques such as P\'olya
enumeration (P\'olya, 1937). Here, I present a simple formula for the number of
isotemporal classes of diasters, graphs composed of a vertex of degree a+1
connected to a vertex of degree b+1, with all other vertices of degree 1
(denoted D(a,b)). In particular, N(D(a,b)))=ab+a+b+1 if a is not equal to b,
and N(D(a,a)))=(1/2) (a^2+3a+2) otherwise. This formula is then extended to
five additional types of pseudograph by application of a theorem that states
N(G) is preserved between two graph types if edge adjacencies and automorphisms
are preserved, and provided that any two networks are members of the same
isotemporal class if and only if they are isomorphic by transpositions of
sequential edge labels on non-adjacent edges.


title: Quantization of unstable linear scalar fields in static spacetimes

abstract:
  We discuss the quantization of an unstable field through the construction of
a "one-particle Hilbert space." The system considered here is a neutral scalar
field evolving over a globally hyperbolic static spacetime and subject to a
stationary external scalar potential. In order to prove our results we assume
spacetimes without horizons and that the theory possess a "mass gap." Our
strategy consists in building a complex structure, which arises from a suitable
positive bilinear form defined over the space of classical solutions of the
field equation. Once the space of states of the quantum field has been set, it
is possible to study the effect of the time translation symmetry on it. From
the time translation operator we obtain an expression for the Hamiltonian
operator associated with the unstable sector of the field. This last result
coincides with findings from long ago showing that the unstable degrees of
freedom of the field behave as non-relativistic particles in a parabolic
potential barrier.


title:
Characterizations of finite classical polar spaces by intersection
  numbers with hyperplanes and speces of codimension 2

abstract:
  In this article we show that non-singular quadrics and non-singular Hermitian
varieties are completely characterized by their intersection numbers with
respect to hyperplanes and spaces of codimension 2. This strongly generalizes a
result by Ferri and Tallini \cite{FT} and also provides necessary and
sufficient conditions for quasi-quadrics (respectively their Hermitian
analogues) to be non-singular quadrics (respectively Hermitian varieties).}
\section{Introduction} When Segre \cite{Segre} proved his celebrated
characterization of conics ("every set of $q+1$ points in $\mathrm{PG}(2,q)$,
$q$ odd, no three of which are collinear, is a conic"), he did more than
proving a beautiful and interesting theorem; he in fact provided the starting
point of a new direction in combinatorial geometry. In this branch of
combinatorics the idea is to provide purely combinatorial characterizations of
objects classically defined in an algebraic way. This article wants to
contribute to this theory by proving strong characterizations of classical
finite polar spaces.


title: Separability from Spectrum for Qubit-Qudit States

abstract:
  The separability from spectrum problem asks for a characterization of the
eigenvalues of the bipartite mixed states {\rho} with the property that
U^*{\rho}U is separable for all unitary matrices U. This problem has been
solved when the local dimensions m and n satisfy m = 2 and n <= 3. We solve all
remaining qubit-qudit cases (i.e., when m = 2 and n >= 4 is arbitrary). In all
of these cases we show that a state is separable from spectrum if and only if
U^*{\rho}U has positive partial transpose for all unitary matrices U. This
equivalence is in stark contrast with the usual separability problem, where a
state having positive partial transpose is a strictly weaker property than it
being separable.


title: An Electronic Quantum Eraser

abstract:
  Complementarity, the incomplete nature of a quantum measurement - a core
concept in quantum mechanics - stems from the choice of the measurement
apparatus. The notion of complementarity is closely related to Heisenberg's
uncertainty principle, but the exact relation between the two remains a source
of debate. For example, knowledge of a particle's position in a double slit
interference experiment will quench its wave-like nature and, vice versa,
observing the wave property via interference implies lack of knowledge of the
particle's path. A canonical system for exploring complementarity is the
quantum eraser (QE), predominantly studied thus far in photonic systems. A QE
is an interference experiment consisting of two stages. First, one of the
interfering paths is coupled to a 'which path' (WP) detector - demonstrating
loss of interference due to acquisition of WP information. Second, the WP
information is being 'erased' by projecting the detector's wavefunction on a
particular basis; this renders the WP information inaccessible, thus allowing
reconstruction of the interference pattern. In this work, we present a first
implementation of a QE in an electronic system. Our system consists of two
identical electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) entangled via Coulomb
interactions. Such novel setup has already attracted a considerable theoretical
attention. With one MZI serving as a path detector and the other as the system
interferometer, the visibility of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillation in the System
can be controlled by the Detector. We demonstrate how a continuous change of
the measurement basis, followed by post selection (via cross correlation of
current fluctuations), allows a smooth transition between keeping and erasing
the WP information.


title: Generalised Veroneseans

abstract:
  In \cite{ThasHVM}, a characterization of the finite quadric Veronesean
$\mathcal{V}_{n}^{2^{n}}$ by means of properties of the set of its tangent
spaces is proved. These tangent spaces form a {\em regular generalised dual
arc}. We prove an extension result for regular generalised dual arcs. To
motivate our research, we show how they are used to construct a large class of
secret sharing schemes.


title:
Differential asteroseismic study of seismic twins observed by CoRoT;
  Comparison of HD 175272 with HD 181420

abstract:
  The CoRoT short asteroseismic runs give us the opportunity to observe a large
variety of late-type stars through their solar-like oscillations. We report the
observation and modeling of the F5V star HD 175272. Our aim is to define a
method for extracting as much information as possible from a noisy oscillation
spectrum. We followed a differential approach that consists of using a
well-known star as a reference to characterize another star. We used classical
tools such as the envelope autocorrelation function to derive the global
seismic parameters of the star. We compared HD 175272 with HD 181420 through a
linear approach, because they appear to be asteroseismic twins. The comparison
with the reference star enables us to substantially enhance the scientific
output for HD 175272. First, we determined its global characteristics through a
detailed seismic analysis of HD 181420. Second, with our differential approach,
we measured the difference of mass, radius and age between HD 175272 and HD
181420. We have developed a general method able to derive asteroseismic
constraints on a star even in case of low-quality data. %This method is based
on the comparison to a star with common seismic and classical properties.
Seismic data allow accurate measurements of radii and masses differences
between the two stars. This method can be applied to stars with interesting
properties but low signal-to-noise ratio oscillation spectrum, such as stars
hosting an exoplanet or members of a binary system.


title:
Nanoscale resolution scanning thermal microscopy with thermally
  conductive nanowire probes

abstract:
  Scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) - a type of scanning probe microscopy that
allows mapping thermal transport and temperatures in nanoscale devices, is
becoming a key approach that may help to resolve heat dissipation problems in
modern processors and develop new thermoelectric materials. Unfortunately,
performance of current SThM implementations in measurement of high thermal
conductivity materials continues to me limited. The reason for these
limitations is two-fold - first, SThM measurements of high thermal conductivity
materials need adequate high thermal conductivity of the probe apex, and
secondly, the quality of thermal contact between the probe and the sample
becomes strongly affected by the nanoscale surface corrugations of the studied
sample. In this paper we develop analytical models of the SThM approach that
can tackle these complex problems - by exploring high thermal conductivity
nanowires as a tip apex, and exploring contact resistance between the SThM
probe and studied surface, the latter becoming particularly important when both
tip and surface have high thermal conductivities. We develop analytical model
supported by the finite element analysis simulations and by the experimental
tests of SThM prototype using carbon nanotube (CNT) at the tip apex as a heat
conducting nanowire. These results elucidate vital relationships between the
performance of the probe in SThM from one side and thermal conductivity,
geometry of the probe and its components from the other, providing pathway for
overcoming current limitations of SThM.


title:
Van Hove Singularities and Excitonic Effects in the Optical Conductivity
  of Twisted Bilayer Graphene

abstract:
  We report a systematic study of the optical conductivity of twisted bilayer
graphene (tBLG) across a large energy range (1.2 eV to 5.6 eV) for various
twist angles, combined with first-principles calculations. At previously
unexplored high energies, our data show signatures of multiple van Hove
singularities (vHSs) in the tBLG bands, as well as the nonlinearity of the
single layer graphene bands and their electron-hole asymmetry. Our data also
suggest that excitonic effects play a vital role in the optical spectra of
tBLG. Including electron-hole interactions in first-principles calculations is
essential to reproduce the shape of the conductivity spectra, and we find
evidence of coherent interactions between the states associated with the
multiple vHSs in tBLG.


title: An Introduction to Well-posedness and Free-evolution

abstract:
  These lecture notes accompany two classes given at the NRHEP2 school. In the
first lecture I introduce the basic concepts used for analyzing well-posedness,
that is the existence of a unique solution depending continuously on given
data, of evolution partial differential equations. I show how strong
hyperbolicity guarantees well-posedness of the initial value problem. Symmetric
hyperbolic systems are shown to render the initial boundary value problem
well-posed with maximally dissipative boundary conditions. I discuss the
Laplace-Fourier method for analyzing the initial boundary value problem.
Finally I state how these notions extend to systems that are first order in
time and second order in space. In the second lecture I discuss the effect that
the gauge freedom of electromagnetism has on the PDE status of the initial
value problem. I focus on gauge choices, strong-hyperbolicity and the
construction of constraint preserving boundary conditions. I show that strongly
hyperbolic pure gauges can be used to build strongly hyperbolic formulations. I
examine which of these formulations is additionally symmetric hyperbolic and
finally demonstrate that the system can be made boundary stable.


title:
Generation of chiral solitons in antiferromagnetic chains by a quantum
  quench

abstract:
  We analyze the time evolution of a magnetic excitation in a spin-1/2
antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain after a quantum quench. By a proper
modulation of the magnetic exchange coupling, we prepare a static soliton of
total spin 1/2 as an initial spin state. Using bosonization and a numerical
time dependent density matrix renormalization group algorithm, we show that the
initial excitation evolves to a state composed of two counter-propagating
chiral states, which interfere to yield <S^z> = 1/4 for each mode. We find that
these dynamically generated states remain considerably stable as time evolution
is carried out. We propose spin-Peierls materials and ultracold-atom systems as
suitable experimental scenarios in which to conduct and observe this mechanism.


title:
Local Group and Star Cluster Dynamics from HSTPROMO (The Hubble Space
  Telescope Proper Motion Collaboration)

abstract:
  The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has proven to be uniquely suited for the
measurement of proper motions (PMs) of stars and galaxies in the nearby
Universe. Here we summarize the main results and ongoing studies of the
HSTPROMO collaboration, which over the past decade has executed some two dozen
observational and theoretical HST projects on this topic. This is continuing to
revolutionize our dynamical understanding of many objects, including: globular
clusters; young star clusters; stars and stellar streams in the Milky Way halo;
Local Group galaxies, including dwarf satellite galaxies, the Magellanic
Clouds, and the Andromeda galaxy; and AGN Black Hole Jets.


title: Multi-field Conformal Cosmological Attractors

abstract:
  We describe a broad class of multi-field inflationary models with
spontaneously broken conformal invariance. It generalizes the recently
discovered class of cosmological attractors with a single inflaton field. In
the new multi-field theories, just as in the previously studied single-field
models, the moduli space has a boundary (Kahler cone) in terms of the original
homogeneous conformal variables. Upon spontaneous breaking of the conformal
invariance and switching to the Einstein frame, this boundary moves to infinity
in terms of the canonically normalized inflaton field. This results in the
exponential stretching and flattening of scalar potentials in the vicinity of
the boundary of the moduli space, which makes even very steep potentials
perfectly suitable for the slow-roll inflation. These theories, just like their
single-field versions, typically lead to inflationary perturbations with n_s
=1-2/N and r = 12/N^2, where N is the number of e-foldings.


title:
On plastic deformation and fracture in Si films during electrochemical
  lithiation/delithiation cycling

abstract:
  An in situ study of deformation, fracture, and fatigue behavior of silicon as
a lithium-ion battery electrode material is presented. Thin films (100-200 nm)
of silicon are cycled in a half-cell configuration with lithium metal foil as
counter/reference electrode, with 1M lithium hexafluorophosphate in ethylene
carbonate, diethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate solution (1:1:1, wt.%) as
electrolyte. Stress evolution in the Si thin-film electrodes during
electrochemical lithiation and delithiation is measured by monitoring the
substrate curvature using the multi-beam optical sensing method. The stress
measurements have been corrected for contributions from residual stress arising
from sputter-deposition. An indirect method for estimating the potential errors
due to formation of the solid-electrolyte-interphase layer and surface charge
on the stress measurements was presented. The films undergo extensive inelastic
deformation during lithiation and delithiation. The peak compressive stress
during lithiation was 1.48 GPa. The stress data along with the electron
microscopy observations are used to estimate an upper bound fracture resistance
of lithiated Si, which is approximately 9-11 J/m^2. Fracture initiation and
crack density evolution as a function of cycle number is also reported.


title:
Alternative Derivation of the Partition Function for Generalized
  Ensembles

abstract:
  A pedagogical approach for deriving the statistical mechanical partition
function, in a manner that emphasizes the key role of entropy in connecting the
microscopic states to thermodynamics, is introduced. The connections between
the combinatoric formula $S= k \ln W$ applied to the Gibbs construction, the
Gibbs entropy, $S = -k \sum\limits_i p_i \ln p_i$, and the microcanonical
entropy expression $S= k \ln \Omega$ are clarified. The condition for
microcanonical equilibrium, and the associated role of the entropy in the
thermodynamic potential is shown to arise naturally from the postulate of equal
{\itshape a priori} states. The derivation of the canonical partition function
follows simply by invoking the Gibbs ensemble construction at constant
temperature and using the first and second law of thermodynamics (\emph{via}
the fundamental equation $dE = TdS - PdV + \mu dN$) that incorporate the
conditions of conservation of energy and composition without the needs for
explicit constraints; other ensemble follow easily. The central role of the
entropy in establishing equilibrium for a given ensemble emerges naturally from
the current approach. Connections to generalized ensemble theory also arise and
are presented in this context.


title: A Direct Power Controlled and Series Compensated EHV Transmission Line

abstract:
  This paper presents the design and analysis of a compensation method with
application to a 345 kV 480 MVA three-phase transmission line. The compensator
system includes a series injected voltage source converter that minimizes the
resonance effects of capacitor line reactance. This creates an ability to
compensate for the effects of subsynchronous resonance and thereby increase
line loadability and control real and reactive power flows. The granularity of
power flow control and simultaneous stabilization is achieved by the method of
direct decoupled power control (DPC). The design process is detailed with
respect to optimal response characteristics considering variations of line
parameters, realistic transformer impedances, and maximum ramp response rates.
Line effects are demonstrated in a PLECS model in MATLAB, and compensation
control system functionality is verified. A case study is provided of a 345 kV
transmission line from an EMTP simulation in PSCAD that accounts for
distributed parameter effects that are encountered in physical EHV transmission
lines. This demonstrates the improvement in stability to power system
transients as well as damping of power system oscillations.


title: Alfv\'en waves in simulations of solar photospheric vortices

abstract:
  Using advanced numerical magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of the magnetised
solar photosphere, including non-grey radiative transport and a non-ideal
equation of state, we analyse plasma motions in photospheric magnetic vortices.
We demonstrate that apparent vortex-like motions in photospheric magnetic field
concentrations do not exhibit "tornado"-like behaviour or a "bath-tub" effect.
While at each time instance the velocity field lines in the upper layers of the
solar photosphere show swirls, the test particles moving with the
time-dependent velocity field do not demonstrate such structures. Instead, they
move in a wave-like fashion with rapidly changing and oscillating velocity
field, determined mainly by magnetic tension in the magnetised intergranular
downflows. Using time-distance diagrams, we identify horizontal motions in the
magnetic flux tubes as torsional Alfv\'en perturbations propagating along the
nearly vertical magnetic field lines with local Alfv\'en speed.


title: Almost Limited Sets in Banach Lattices

abstract:
  We introduce and study the class of almost limited sets in Banach lattices,
that is, sets on which every disjoint weak$^{*}$ null sequence of functionals
converges uniformly to zero. It is established that a Banach lattice has order
continuous norm if and only if almost limited sets and $L$-weakly compact sets
coincide. In particular, in terms of almost Dunford-Pettis operators into
$c_{0}$, we give an operator characterization of those $\sigma$-Dedekind
complete Banach lattices whose relatively weakly compact sets are almost
limited, that is, for a $\sigma$-Dedekind Banach lattice $E$, every relatively
weakly compact set in $E$ is almost limited if and only if every continuous
linear operator $T:E\rightarrow c_{0}$ is an almost Dunford-Pettis operator.


title:
Local analysis of solutions of fractional semi-linear elliptic equations
  with isolated singularities

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the local behaviors of nonnegative local solutions of
fractional order semi-linear equations $(-\Delta)^\sigma
u=u^{\frac{n+2\sigma}{n-2\sigma}}$ with an isolated singularity, where
$\sigma\in (0,1)$. We prove that all the solutions are asymptotically radially
symmetric. When $\sigma =1$, these have been proved in \cite{CGS} by
Caffarelli, Gidas and Spruck.


title:
Momentum-resolved electronic structure at a buried interface from soft
  x-ray standing-wave angle-resolved photoemission

abstract:
  Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is a powerful technique for
the study of electronic structure, but it lacks a direct ability to study
buried interfaces between two materials. We address this limitation by
combining ARPES with soft x-ray standing-wave (SW) excitation (SWARPES), in
which the SW profile is scanned through the depth of the sample. We have
studied the buried interface in a prototypical magnetic tunnel junction
La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/SrTiO3. Depth- and momentum-resolved maps of Mn 3d eg and t2g
states from the central, bulk-like and interface-like regions of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3
exhibit distinctly different behavior consistent with a change in the Mn
bonding at the interface. We compare the experimental results to
state-of-the-art density-functional and one-step photoemission theory, with
encouraging agreement that suggests wide future applications of this technique.


title:
Operator algebras with contractive approximate identities: A large
  operator algebra in c0

abstract:
  We exhibit a singly generated, semisimple commutative operator algebra with a
contractive approximate identity, such that the spectrum of the generator is a
null sequence and zero, but the algebra is not the closed linear span of the
idempotents associated with the null sequence and obtained from the analytic
functional calculus. Moreover the multiplication on the algebra is neither
compact nor weakly compact. Thus we construct a `large' operator algebra of
orthogonal idempotents, which may be viewed as a dense subalgebra of c0.


title:
A Robust Continuous Time Fixed Lag Smoother for Nonlinear Uncertain
  Systems

abstract:
  This paper presents a robust fixed lag smoother for a class of nonlinear
uncertain systems. A unified scheme, which combines a nonlinear robust
estimator with a stable fixed lag smoother, is presented to improve the error
covariance of the estimation. The robust fixed lag smoother is based on the use
of Integral Quadratic Constraints and minimax LQG control. The state estimator
uses a copy of the system nonlinearity in the estimator and combines an
approximate model of the delayed states to produce a smoothed signal. In order
to see the effectiveness of the method, it is applied to a quantum optical
phase estimation problem. Results show significant improvement in the error
covariance of the estimator using fixed lag smoother in the presence of
nonlinear uncertainty.


title:
The equidistribution of lattice shapes of rings of integers in cubic,
  quartic, and quintic number fields

abstract:
  For $n=3$, 4, and 5, we prove that, when $S_n$-number fields of degree $n$
are ordered by their absolute discriminants, the lattice shapes of the rings of
integers in these fields become equidistributed in the space of lattices.


title: Diffractive photon production at the LHC

abstract:
  In this paper we study the photon production in single and double diffractive
processes considering the Resolved Pomeron model. We estimate the rapidity and
transverse momentum dependence of the cross section for the diffractive double
photon and photon+jet production. A comparison with the inclusive production is
presented. We predict large values for the total cross sections, which makes
the experimental analysis of these observables feasible at LHC energies.


title:
Testing cosmic censorship conjecture near extremal black holes with
  cosmological constants

abstract:
  It has been shown previously that an extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om or an
extremal Kerr black hole cannot be overcharged or overspun by a test particle
if radiative and self-force effects are neglected. In this paper, we consider
extremal charged and rotating black holes with cosmological constants. By
studying the motion of test particles, we find the following results: An
extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om anti-de Sitter (RN-AdS) black hole can be
overcharged by a test particle but an extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om de Sitter
(RN-dS) black hole cannot be overcharged. We also show that both extrmal
Kerr-de-Sitter (Kerr-dS) and Kerr-anti-de-Sitter (Kerr-AdS) black holes can be
overspun by a test particle, implying a possible breakdown of the cosmic
censorship conjecture. For the Kerr-AdS case, the overspinning requires that
the energy of the particle be negative, a reminiscent of the Penrose process.
In contrast to the extremal RN and Kerr black holes, in which cases the cosmic
censorship is upheld, our results suggest some subtle relations between the
cosmological constants and the comic censorship. We also discuss the effect of
radiation reaction for the Kerr-dS case and find that the magnitude of energy
loss due to gravitational radiation may not be enough to prevent the violation
of the cosmic censorship.


title: Enhanced multipartite quantum correlations by non-Gaussian operations

abstract:
  We study how conditional photon operations can affect multipartite quantum
correlations, specifically nonlocality and entanglement, of the continuous
variable GHZ states. We find that the violation of the Mermin-Klyshko
inequality revealing the multipartite nonlocality can be made stronger with
photon subtraction applied on each mode of the original GHZ states,
particularly in a weak squeezing regime. Photon addition applied on local modes
also turns out to enhance the degree of multipartite nonlocality in a broad
range of parameters. We further investigate the effects of the photon
operations on the degree of multipartite entanglement by looking into the
Gaussian tangle, the fidelity of teleportation network, and the quadrature
correlations. We find that photon subtraction applied on two modes enhances
those entanglement characteristics in a practical squeezing regime while there
is no improvement made by photon addition.


title: Fefferman-Stein decomposition for $Q$-spaces and micro-local quantities

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider the Fefferman-Stein decomposition of
$Q_{\alpha}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ and give an affirmative answer to an open problem
posed by M. Essen, S. Janson, L. Peng and J. Xiao in 2000. One of our main
methods is to study the structure of the predual space of
$Q_{\alpha}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ by the micro-local quantities. This result
indicates that the norm of the predual space of $Q_{\alpha}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$
depends on the micro-local structure in a self-correlation way.


title:
Searches for new physics using the ttbar invariant mass distribution in
  pp collisions at sqrt(s)=8 TeV

abstract:
  Searches for anomalous top quark-antiquark production are presented, based on
pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV. The data, corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns, were collected with the CMS detector at
the LHC. The observed ttbar invariant mass spectrum is found to be compatible
with the standard model prediction. Limits on the production cross section
times branching fraction probe, for the first time, a region of parameter space
for certain models of new physics not yet constrained by precision
measurements.


title:
Cooperative Wireless Sensor Network Positioning via Implicit Convex
  Feasibility

abstract:
  We propose a distributed positioning algorithm to estimate the unknown
positions of a number of target nodes, given distance measurements between
target nodes and between target nodes and a number of reference nodes at known
positions. Based on a geometric interpretation, we formulate the positioning
problem as an implicit convex feasibility problem in which some of the sets
depend on the unknown target positions, and apply a parallel projection onto
convex sets approach to estimate the unknown target node positions. The
proposed technique is suitable for parallel implementation in which every
target node in parallel can update its position and share the estimate of its
location with other targets. We mathematically prove convergence of the
proposed algorithm. Simulation results reveal enhanced performance for the
proposed approach compared to available techniques based on projections,
especially for sparse networks.


title:
Monte Carlo study elucidates the type 1/type 2 choice in apoptotic death
  signaling in normal and cancer cells

abstract:
  Apoptotic cell death is coordinated through two distinct (type 1 and type 2)
intracellular signaling pathways. How the type 1/type 2 choice is made remains
a fundamental problem in the biology of apoptosis and has implications for
apoptosis related diseases and therapy. We study the problem of type 1/type 2
choice in silico utilizing a kinetic Monte Carlo model of cell death signaling.
Our results show that the type 1/type 2 choice is linked to deterministic
versus stochastic cell death activation, elucidating a unique regulatory
control of the apoptotic pathways. Consistent with previous findings, our
results indicate that caspase 8 activation level is a key regulator of the
choice between deterministic type 1 and stochastic type 2 pathways,
irrespective of cell types. Expression levels of signaling molecules downstream
also regulate the type 1/type 2 choice. A simplified model of DISC clustering
elucidates the mechanism of increased active caspase 8 generation, and type 1
activation, in cancer cells having increased sensitivity to death receptor
activation. We demonstrate that rapid deterministic activation of the type 1
pathway can selectively target those cancer cells, especially if XIAP is also
inhibited; while inherent cell-to-cell variability would allow normal cells
stay protected.


title:
Violation of Bell-CHSH inequality using imperfect photodetectors with
  optical hybrid states

abstract:
  We show that a Bell inequality test using an optical hybrid state between a
polarized single photon and a coherent field can be highly robust against
detection inefficiency. The Bell violation occurs until the efficiency becomes
as low as 67% even though its degree becomes small as the detection efficiency
degrades. We consider on/off and photon number parity measurements,
respectively, for the Bell test and they result in the similar conditions. If
the detection efficiency is higher than 98.68%, parity measurements give larger
Bell violations close to Cirel'son's bound, while on/off measurements give
larger but moderate violations for realistic values of detector efficiency.
Experimental realization of our proposal seems feasible in the near future for
the implementation of a loophole-free Bell inequality test.