title:
MegaMorph -- multi-wavelength measurement of galaxy structure: S\'ersic
  profile fits to galaxies near and far

abstract:
  We demonstrate a new multi-wavelength technique for two-dimensional
parametric modelling of galaxy surface-brightness profiles, which we have
incorporated into the widely used software GALFIT. Our new method, named
GALFITM, extends GALFIT3's current single-band fitting process by
simultaneously using multiple images of the same galaxy to constrain a
wavelength-dependent model. Each standard profile parameter may vary as a
function of wavelength, with a user-definable degree of smoothness, from
constant to fully free. The performance of GALFITM is evaluated by fitting
elliptical S\'ersic profiles to ugriz imaging data for 4026 galaxies,
comprising the original SDSS imaging for 163 low redshift (v < 7000 kms)
galaxies and 3863 artificially redshifted (0.01 < z < 0.25) images of the same
galaxies.
  Comparing results from single-band and multi-band techniques, we show that
GALFITM significantly improves the extraction of information, particularly from
bands with low signal-to-noise ratio (e.g., u and z SDSS bands) when combined
with higher signal-to-noise images. We also study systematic trends in the
recovered parameters, particularly S\'ersic index, that appear when one
performs measurements of the same galaxies at successively higher redshifts. We
argue that it is vital that studies investigating the evolution of galaxy
structure are careful to avoid or correct for these biases.
  The resulting multi-band photometric structural parameters for our sample of
163 galaxies are provided. We demonstrate the importance of considering
multi-band measurements by showing that the S\'ersic indices of spiral galaxies
increase to redder wavelengths, as expected for composite bulge-disk systems.
Finally, for the ellipticals in our sample, which should be well-represented by
single-S\'ersic models, we compare our measured parameters to those from
previous studies.


title: Lorentz violation in a uniform gravitational field

abstract:
  We present a method to calculate the nonrelativistic hamiltonian for the
minimal Standard-Model Extension matter sector in a uniform gravitational
field. The resulting hamiltonian coincides with earlier results in the
corresponding limits but it also includes spin-dependent terms that were
previously unknown. The phenomenology associated with this hamiltonian is
briefly discussed.


title:
Dynamical transition in the D = 3 Edwards-Anderson spin glass in an
  external magnetic field

abstract:
  We study the off-equilibrium dynamics of the three-dimensional Ising spin
glass in the presence of an external magnetic field. We have performed
simulations both at fixed temperature and with an annealing protocol. Thanks to
the Janus special-purpose computer, based on FPGAs, we have been able to reach
times equivalent to 0.01 seconds in experiments. We have studied the system
relaxation both for high and for low temperatures, clearly identifying a
dynamical transition point. This dynamical temperature is strictly positive and
depends on the external applied magnetic field. We discuss different
possibilities for the underlying physics, which include a thermodynamical
spin-glass transition, a mode-coupling crossover or an interpretation
reminiscent of the random first-order picture of structural glasses.


title:
Applications of Fourier analysis in homogenization of Dirichlet problem
  III: Polygonal Domains

abstract:
  In this paper we prove convergence results for the homogenization of the
Dirichlet problem with rapidly oscillating boundary data in convex polygonal
domains. Our analysis is based on integral representation of solutions. Under a
certain Diophantine condition on the boundary of the domain and smooth
coefficients we prove pointwise, as well as $L^p$ convergence results. For
larger exponents $p$ we prove that the $L^p$ convergence rate is close to
optimal. We shall also suggest several directions of possible generalization of
the result in this paper.


abstract:
  This paper is concerned with the Weyl composition of symbols in large
dimension. We specify a class of symbols in order to estimate the Weyl symbol
of the product of two Weyl $h-$pseudodifferential operators, with constants
independent of the dimension. The proof includes a regularized and a hybrid
compositions together with a decomposition formula. We also analyze in this
context the remainder term of the semiclassical expansion of the Weyl
composition.


title: On Lower Complexity Bounds for Large-Scale Smooth Convex Optimization

abstract:
  We derive lower bounds on the black-box oracle complexity of large-scale
smooth convex minimization problems, with emphasis on minimizing smooth (with
Holder continuous, with a given exponent and constant, gradient) convex
functions over high-dimensional ||.||_p-balls, 1<=p<=\infty. Our bounds turn
out to be tight (up to logarithmic in the design dimension factors), and can be
viewed as a substantial extension of the existing lower complexity bounds for
large-scale convex minimization covering the nonsmooth case and the 'Euclidean'
smooth case (minimization of convex functions with Lipschitz continuous
gradients over Euclidean balls). As a byproduct of our results, we demonstrate
that the classical Conditional Gradient algorithm is near-optimal, in the sense
of Information-Based Complexity Theory, when minimizing smooth convex functions
over high-dimensional ||.||_\infty-balls and their matrix analogies -- spectral
norm balls in the spaces of square matrices.


title: Inner amenability for groups and central sequences in factors

abstract:
  We show that a large class of i.c.c., countable, discrete groups satisfying a
weak negative curvature condition are not inner amenable. By recent work of
Hull and Osin, our result recovers that mapping class groups and Out(F_n) are
not inner amenable. We also show that the group-measure space constructions
associated to free, strongly ergodic p.m.p. actions of such groups do not have
property Gamma of Murray and von Neumann.


title: Recent VERITAS Results on VHE Gamma-ray Sources in Cygnus

abstract:
  The Cygnus region of the Galactic plane is a promising target for high-energy
and very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray telescopes as it is home to many potential
sources, such as supernova remnants, pulsar wind nebulae, X-ray binaries and
massive star clusters. The VHE gamma-ray observatory VERITAS (Very Energetic
Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System) is an array of four 12 m diameter
imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes located at Mt. Hopkins, AZ, USA. Over
the period of 2007 to 2012, VERITAS has carried out extensive observations in
the direction of Cygnus. These observations were initiated by a sky survey that
covered Galactic longitudes between 67 and 82 degrees and Galactic latitudes
between -1 and 4 degrees. Additional deep observations have been made near
specific sources, including TeV J2032+4130, Cygnus X-3, VER J2019+407 (SNR
G78.2+2.1/gamma-Cygni), CTB 87, and MGRO J2019+37. This paper summarizes the
latest VERITAS results on the various source detections in the direction of
Cygnus and our current understanding of the origin for the VHE gamma-ray
emission.


title: On The Complexity of Counter Reachability Games

abstract:
  Counter reachability games are played by two players on a graph with labelled
edges. Each move consists in picking an edge from the current location and
adding its label to a counter vector. The objective is to reach a given counter
value in a given location. We distinguish three semantics for counter
reachability games, according to what happens when a counter value would become
negative: the edge is either disabled, or enabled but the counter value becomes
zero, or enabled. We consider the problem of deciding the winner in counter
reachability games and show that, in most cases, it has the same complexity
under all semantics. Surprisingly, under one semantics, the complexity in
dimension one depends on whether the objective value is zero or any other
integer.


title: Geodesics at Sudden Singularities

abstract:
  We show that a general solution of the Einstein equations that describes
approach to an inhomogeneous and anisotropic sudden spacetime singularity does
not experience geodesic incompleteness. This generalises the result established
for isotropic and homogeneous universes. Further discussion of the weakness of
the singularity is also included.


title: Expected performance of the ASTRI-SST-2M telescope prototype

abstract:
  ASTRI (Astrofisica con Specchi a Tecnologia Replicante Italiana) is an
Italian flagship project pursued by INAF (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica)
strictly linked to the development of the Cherenkov Telescope Array, CTA.
Primary goal of the ASTRI program is the design and production of an end-to-end
prototype of a Small Size Telescope for the CTA sub-array devoted to the
highest gamma-ray energy region. The prototype, named ASTRI SST-2M, will be
tested on field in Italy during 2014. This telescope will be the first
Cherenkov telescope adopting the double reflection layout in a
Schwarzschild-Couder configuration with a tessellated primary mirror and a
monolithic secondary mirror. The collected light will be focused on a compact
and light-weight camera based on silicon photo-multipliers covering a 9.6 deg
full field of view. Detailed Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to
estimate the performance of the planned telescope. The results regarding its
energy threshold, sensitivity and angular resolution are shown and discussed.


title:
Numerical response of the magnetic permeability as a funcion of the
  frecuency of NiZn ferrites using Genetic Algorithm

abstract:
  The magnetic permeability of a ferrite is an important factor in designing
devices such as inductors, transformers, and microwave absorbing materials
among others. Due to this, it is advisable to study the magnetic permeability
of a ferrite as a function of frequency.
  When an excitation that corresponds to a harmonic magnetic field \textbf{H}
is applied to the system, this system responds with a magnetic flux density
\textbf{B}; the relation between these two vectors can be expressed as
\textbf{B}=$\mu(\omega)$ \textbf{H} . Where $\mu$ is the magnetic permeability.
  In this paper, ferrites were considered linear, homogeneous, and isotropic
materials. A magnetic permeability model was applied to NiZn ferrites doped
with Yttrium.
  The parameters of the model were adjusted using the Genetic Algorithm. In the
computer science field of artificial intelligence, Genetic Algorithms and
Machine Learning does rely upon nature's bounty for both inspiration nature's
and mechanisms. Genetic Algorithms are probabilistic search procedures which
generate solutions to optimization problems using techniques inspired by
natural evolution, such as inheritance, mutation, selection, and crossover.
  For the numerical fitting usually is used a nonlinear least square method,
this algorithm is based on calculus by starting from an initial set of variable
values. This approach is mathematically elegant compared to the exhaustive or
random searches but tends easily to get stuck in local minima. On the other
hand, random methods use some probabilistic calculations to find variable sets.
They tend to be slower but have greater success at finding the global minimum
regardless of the initial values of the variables


title: Effect of a Pseudogap in Strong Coupling d-Wave Superconductivity

abstract:
  A phenomenological strong coupling model that has been used to analyze
superconducting- insulator-superconducting (SIS) break junction experiments on
optimal to overdoped Bi-2212 is modified to include a pseudogap. The calculated
density of states and SIS conductances are compared with experimental data on
the underdoped phase of Bi-2212


title: Multifractal spectra and multifractal zeta-functions

abstract:
  We introduce multifractal zeta-functions providing precise information of a
very general class of multifractal spectra, including, for example, the
multifractal spectra of self-conformal measures and the multifractal spectra of
ergodic Birkhoff averages of continuous functions. More precisely, we prove
that these and more general multifractal spectra equal the abscissae of
convergence of the associated zetafunctions.


title: Little Higgs Model Limits from LHC - Input for Snowmass 2013

abstract:
  The status of several prominent model implementations of the Little Higgs
paradigm, the Littlest Higgs with and without discrete T-parity as well as the
Simplest Little Higgs are reviewed. For this, we are taking into account a fit
of 21 electroweak precision observables from LEP, SLC, Tevatron together with
the full 25/fb of Higgs data reported by ATLAS and CMS. For the Littlest Higgs
with T-parity an outlook on corresponding direct searches at the 8 TeV LHC is
included. We compare their competitiveness with the EW and Higgs data in terms
of their exclusion potential. This contribution to the Snowmass procedure
contains preliminary results of DESY 13-123 and serves as a guideline for which
regions in parameter space of Little Higgs models are still compatible for the
upcoming LHC runs and future experiments at the energy frontier. For this
purpose we propose two different benchmark scenarios for the Littlest Higgs
with T-parity, one with heavy mirror quarks, one with light ones.


title: The fields and self-force of a constantly accelerating spherical shell

abstract:
  We present a partial differential equation describing the electromagnetic
potentials around a charge distribution undergoing rigid motion at constant
proper acceleration, and obtain a set of solutions to this equation. These
solutions are used to find the self-force exactly in a chosen case. The
electromagnetic self-force for a spherical shell of charge of proper radius $R$
undergoing rigid motion at constant proper acceleration $a_0$ is, to high order
approximation, $ (2 e^2 a_0/R) \sum_{n=0}^\infty (a_0 R)^{2n}
((2n-1)(2n+1)^2(2n+3))^{-1} $, and this is conjectured to be exact.


title:
Graphene microbolometers with superconducting contacts for terahertz
  photon detection

abstract:
  We report on noise and thermal conductance measurements taken in order to
determine an upper bound on the performance of graphene as a terahertz photon
detector. The main mechanism for sensitive terahertz detection in graphene is
bolometric heating of the electron system. To study the properties of a device
using this mechanism to detect terahertz photons, we perform Johnson noise
thermometry measurements on graphene samples. These measurements probe the
electron-phonon behavior of graphene on silicon dioxide at low temperatures.
Because the electron-phonon coupling is weak in graphene, superconducting
contacts with large gap are used to confine the hot electrons and prevent their
out-diffusion. We use niobium nitride leads with a $T_\mathrm{c}\approx 10$ K
to contact the graphene. We find these leads make good ohmic contact with very
low contact resistance. Our measurements find an electron-phonon thermal
conductance that depends quadratically on temperature above 4 K and is
compatible with single terahertz photon detection.


title:
The Schauder estimates for higher-order parabolic systems with time
  irregular coefficients

abstract:
  We prove Schauder estimates for solutions to both divergence and
non-divergence type higher-order parabolic systems in the whole space and the
half space. We also provide an existence result for divergence type systems in
a cylindrical domain. All coefficients are assumed to be only measurable in the
time variable and H\"{o}lder continuous in the spatial variables.


title: Sites in Argentina for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Project

abstract:
  The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) Project will consist of two arrays of
atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes to study high-energy gamma radiation in the
range of a few tens of GeV to beyond 100 TeV. To achieve full-sky coverage, the
construction of one array in each terrestrial hemisphere is considered.
Suitable candidate sites are being explored and characterized. The candidate
sites in the Southern Hemisphere include two locations in Argentina, one in San
Antonio de los Cobres (Salta Province, Lat. 24:02:42 S, Long. 66:14:06 W, at
3600 m.a.s.l) and another one in El Leoncito (San Juan Province, Lat. 31:41:49
S, Long. 69:16:21 W, at 2600 m.a.s.l).
  Here we describe the two sites and the instrumentation that has been deployed
to characterize them. We summarize the geographic, atmospheric and climatic
data that have been collected for both of them.


title:
Constraining MPI models using sigma_effective and recent Tevatron and
  LHC Underlying Event data

abstract:
  We review the modelling of multiple interactions in the event generator
Herwig++ and study implications of recent tuning efforts to Tevatron and LHC
data. It is often said that measurements of the effective cross section for
double-parton scattering, sigma_effective, are in contradiction with models of
the final state of multi-parton interactions, but we show that the Herwig++
model is consistent with both and gives stable predictions for underlying event
observables at 14 TeV.


title:
A generalization of the Epstein-Penner construction to projective
  manifolds

abstract:
  We extend the canonical cell decomposition due to Epstein and Penner of a
hyperbolic manifold with cusps to the strictly convex setting. It follows that
a sufficiently small deformation of the holonomy of a finite volume strictly
convex real projective manifold is the holonomy of some nearby projective
structure with radial ends, provided the holonomy of each cusp has a fixed
point.


title: Complete Electroweak Chiral Lagrangian with a Light Higgs at NLO

abstract:
  We consider the Standard Model, including a light scalar boson $h$, as an
effective theory at the weak scale $v=246\,{\rm GeV}$ of some unknown dynamics
of electroweak symmetry breaking. This dynamics may be strong, with $h$
emerging as a pseudo-Goldstone boson. The symmetry breaking scale $\Lambda$ is
taken to be at $4\pi v$ or above. We review the leading-order Lagrangian within
this framework, which is nonrenormalizable in general. A chiral Lagrangian can
then be constructed based on a loop expansion. A systematic power counting is
derived and used to identify the classes of counterterms that appear at one
loop order. With this result the complete Lagrangian is constructed at
next-to-leading order, ${\cal O}(v^2/\Lambda^2)$. This Lagrangian is the most
general effective description of the Standard Model containing a light scalar
boson, in general with strong dynamics of electroweak symmetry breaking.
Scenarios such as the SILH ansatz or the dimension-6 Lagrangian of a linearly
realized Higgs sector can be recovered as special cases.


title:
A spacetime characterization of the Kerr-NUT-(A)de Sitter and related
  metrics

abstract:
  A characterization of the Kerr-NUT-(A)de Sitter metric among four dimensional
\Lambda-vacuum spacetimes admitting a Killing vector is obtained in terms of
the proportionality of the self-dual Weyl tensor and a natural self-dual double
two-form constructed from the Killing vector. This result recovers and extends
a previous characterization of the Kerr and Kerr-NUT metrics. The method of
proof is based on (i) the presence of a second Killing vector field which is
built in terms of geometric information arising from the previous Killing
vector exclusively, and (ii) the existence of an interesting underlying
geometric structure involving a Riemannian submersion of a conformally related
metric, both of which may be of independent interest.


title: The fractional Bessel equation in H\"older spaces

abstract:
  Motivated by the Poisson equation for the fractional Laplacian on the whole
space with radial right hand side, we study global H\"older and Schauder
estimates for a fractional Bessel equation. Our methods stand on the so-called
semigroup language. Indeed, by using the solution to the Bessel heat equation
we derive pointwise formulas for the fractional operators. Appropriate H\"older
spaces, which can be seen as Campanato-type spaces, are characterized through
Bessel harmonic extensions and fractional Carleson measures. From here the
regularity estimates for the fractional Bessel equations follow. In particular,
we obtain regularity estimates for radial solutions to the fractional
Laplacian.


title:
Generalized Browder's and Weyl's theorems for left and right
  multiplication operators

abstract:
  The main objective of this work is to study generalized Browder's and Weyl's
theorems for the multiplication operators $L_A$ and $R_B$ and for the
elementary operator $\tau_{A,B}=L_AR_B$.


title:
Stringlike structures in Kerr-Schild geometry: N=2 string, twistors and
  Calabi-Yau twofold

abstract:
  Four-dimensional Kerr-Schild geometry contains two stringy structures. The
first one is the closed string formed by the Kerr singular ring, and the second
one is an open complex string with was obtained in the complex structure of the
Kerr-Schild geometry. The real and complex Kerr strings form together a
membrane source of the over-rotating Kerr-Newman solution without horizon, $a
=J/m >> m .$ It has also been obtained recently that the principal null
congruence of the Kerr geometry, induced by the complex Kerr string, is
determined by the Kerr theorem as a quartic in the projective twistor space,
which corresponds to embedding of the Calabi-Yau twofold in the bulk of the
Kerr geometry. In this paper we describe this embedding in details and show
that the four folds of the twistorial K3 surface represent an analytic
extension of the Kerr congruence created by antipodal involution.


title:
Study of cosmic backreaction on the future evolution of an accelerating
  universe using multiple domains

abstract:
  We investigate the effect of backreaction due to inhomogeneities on the
evolution of the present Universe by considering the Universe to be partitioned
into multiple domains within the Buchert framework. Taking the observed present
acceleration of the universe as an essential input, we study the effect of
inhomogeneities on the future evolution. We find that the backreaction from
inhomogeneities causes the acceleration to slow down in the future for a range
of initial configurations and model parameters, and even lead in certain cases
to the emergence of a future decelerating epoch. We consider two different
partitioning of the Universe and perform a comparative analysis for the two
cases on the behaviour of the acceleration and backreaction of the Universe.


title: Scaling scenery of $(\times m,\times n)$ invariant measures

abstract:
  We study the scaling scenery and limit geometry of invariant measures for the
non-conformal toral endomorphism $(x,y) \mapsto (mx \mod 1,ny \mod 1)$ that are
Bernoulli measures for the natural Markov partition. We show that the
statistics of the scaling can be described by an ergodic CP-chain in the sense
of Furstenberg. Invoking the machinery of CP-chains yields a projection theorem
for Bernoulli measures, which generalises in part earlier results by
Hochman-Shmerkin and Ferguson-Jordan-Shmerkin. We also give an ergodic
theoretic criterion for the dimension part of Falconer's distance set
conjecture for general sets with positive length using CP-chains and hence
verify it for various classes of fractals such as self-affine carpets of
Bedford-McMullen, Lalley-Gatzouras and Bara\'nski class and all planar
self-similar sets.


title:
Measurement of the $B^0_s \to \mu^+ \mu^-$ branching fraction and search
  for $B^0 \to \mu^+ \mu^-$ decays at the LHCb experiment

abstract:
  A search for the rare decays $B^0_s \to\mu^+\mu^-$ and $B^0 \to\mu^+\mu^-$ is
performed at the LHCb experiment. The data analysed correspond to an integrated
luminosity of 1 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7
TeV and 2 fb$^{-1}$ at 8 TeV. An excess of $B^0_s \to\mu^+\mu^-$ signal
candidates with respect to the background expectation is seen with a
significance of 4.0 standard deviations. A time-integrated branching fraction
of ${\cal B}(B^0_s \to\mu^+\mu^-) = (2.9^{+1.1}_{-1.0})\times 10^{-9}$ is
obtained and an upper limit of ${\cal B}(B^0 \to\mu^+\mu^-) < 7.4\times
10^{-10}$ at 95% confidence level is set. These results are consistent with the
Standard Model expectations.


title:
Measurement of the B(s) to mu+ mu- branching fraction and search for B0
  to mu+ mu- with the CMS Experiment

abstract:
  Results are presented from a search for the rare decays B(s) to mu+ mu- and
B0 to mu+ mu- in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 and 8 TeV, with data samples
corresponding to integrated luminosities of 5 and 20 inverse femtobarns,
respectively, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. An unbinned
maximum-likelihood fit to the dimuon invariant mass distribution gives a
branching fraction B(B(s) to mu+ mu-) = (3 +1.0/-0.9)E-9, where the uncertainty
includes both statistical and systematic contributions. An excess of B(s) to
mu+ mu- events with respect to background is observed with a significance of
4.3 standard deviations. For the decay B0 to mu+ mu- an upper limit of B(B0 to
mu+ mu-) < 1.1E-9 at the 95% confidence level is determined. Both results are
in agreement with the expectations from the standard model.


title: Melonic phase transition in group field theory

abstract:
  Group field theories have recently been shown to admit a 1/N expansion
dominated by so-called `melonic graphs', dual to triangulated spheres. In this
note, we deepen the analysis of this melonic sector. We obtain a combinatorial
formula for the melonic amplitudes in terms of a graph polynomial related to a
higher dimensional generalization of the Kirchhoff tree-matrix theorem. Simple
bounds on these amplitudes show the existence of a phase transition driven by
melonic interaction processes. We restrict our study to the Boulatov-Ooguri
models, which describe topological BF theories and are the basis for the
construction of four dimensional models of quantum gravity.


title:
The indecomposable tournaments $T$ with $\mid W_{5}(T) \mid = \mid T
  \mid -2$

abstract:
  We consider a tournament $T=(V, A)$. For $X\subseteq V$, the subtournament of
$T$ induced by $X$ is $T[X] = (X, A \cap (X \times X))$. An interval of $T$ is
a subset $X$ of $V$ such that for $a, b\in X$ and $ x\in V\setminus X$,
$(a,x)\in A$ if and only if $(b,x)\in A$. The trivial intervals of $T$ are
$\emptyset$, $\{x\}(x\in V)$ and $V$. A tournament is indecomposable if all its
intervals are trivial. For $n\geq 2$, $W_{2n+1}$ denotes the unique
indecomposable tournament defined on $\{0,\dots,2n\}$ such that
$W_{2n+1}[\{0,\dots,2n-1\}]$ is the usual total order. Given an indecomposable
tournament $T$, $W_{5}(T)$ denotes the set of $v\in V$ such that there is
$W\subseteq V$ satisfying $v\in W$ and $T[W]$ is isomorphic to $W_{5}$. Latka
\cite{BJL} characterized the indecomposable tournaments $T$ such that
$W_{5}(T)=\emptyset$. The authors \cite{HIK} proved that if $W_{5}(T)\neq
\emptyset$, then $\mid W_{5}(T) \mid \geq \mid V \mid -2$. In this article, we
characterize the indecomposable tournaments $T$ such that $\mid W_{5}(T) \mid =
\mid V \mid -2$.


title:
Argentinian multi-wavelength scanning Raman lidar to observe night sky
  atmospheric transmission

abstract:
  This paper discusses the multi-wavelength scanning Raman lidar being built at
Lidar Division, CEILAP (CITEDEF-CONICET) in the frame of the Argentinean
Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) collaboration to measure the spectral
characteristics of the atmospheric aerosol extinction profiles to provide
better transmission calculations at the future CTA site. This lidar emits short
laser pulses of 7-9 ns at 355, 532 and 1064 nm at 50 Hz with nominal energy of
125 mJ at 1064 nm. This wavelengths are also used to retrieve the atmospheric
(air, aerosol and clouds) backscattered radiation in the UV, VIS and IR ranges.
Raman capabilities were added in the UV and VIS wavelengths to retrieve the
spectral characteristics of the aerosol extinction and the water vapor profile.
Due to the expected low aerosol optical depth of the future site, the short
observation period as well as the extension of the observation, an enhanced
collection area is required. This system uses six 40 cm f/2.5 newtonian
telescopes to avoid dealing with bigger mirror deformation, aberration issues
and higher costs that imply the use of a single mirror with the same collection
surface. In addition, dismounting of single mirrors for replacement or
recoating will affect slightly the performance but not the operation. The
additional alignment procedure has been solved by an automatic mirror alignment
to follow the line of sight of the observation during the acquisition period.
The system was designed to operate in hard environmental conditions, as it is
completely exposed to the outside weather conditions, when its shelter is fully
opened to provide 360{\deg} observations.


title: Black hole entropy from loop quantum gravity in higher dimensions

abstract:
  We propose a derivation for computing black hole entropy for spherical
non-rotating isolated horizons from loop quantum gravity in four and higher
dimensions. The state counting problem effectively reduces to the well studied
3+1-dimensional one based on an SU(2)-Chern-Simons theory, differing only in
the precise form of the area spectrum.


title: The Yao Graph $Y_5$ is a Spanner

abstract:
  In this paper we prove that $Y_5$, the Yao graph with five cones, is a
spanner with stretch factor $\rho = 2+\sqrt{3} \approx 3.74$. Since $Y_5$ is
the only Yao graph whose status of being a spanner or not was open, this
completes the picture of the Yao graphs that are spanners: a Yao graph $Y_k$ is
a spanner if and only if $k \geq 4$.
  We complement the above result with a lower bound of 2.87 on the stretch
factor of $Y_5$. We also show that $YY_5$, the Yao-Yao graph with five cones,
is not a spanner.


title: Towards state locality in quantum field theory: free fermions

abstract:
  Hilbert spaces of states can be constructed in standard quantum field theory
only for infinitely extended spacelike hypersurfaces, precluding a more local
notion of state. In fact, the Reeh-Schlieder Theorem prohibits the localization
of states on pieces of hypersurfaces in the standard formalism. From the point
of view of geometric quantization the problem lies in the non-locality of the
complex structures associated to hypersurfaces in standard quantization. We
show that using a weakened version of the positive formalism puts this problem
into a new perspective. This is a local TQFT type formalism based on
super-operators and mixed state spaces rather than on amplitudes and pure state
spaces as the one of Atiyah-Segal. In particular, we show that in the case of
purely fermionic degrees of freedom the complex structure can be dispensed with
when the notion of state is suitably generalized. These generalized states do
localize on compact hypersurfaces with boundaries. For the simplest case of
free fermionic fields we embed this in a rigorous and functorial quantization
scheme yielding a local description of the quantum theory. Crucially, no
classical data is needed beyond the structures evident from a Lagrangian
setting. When the classical data is augmented with complex structures on
hypersurfaces, the quantum data correspondingly augment to the full positive
formalism. This scheme is applicable to field theory in curved spacetime, but
also to field theories without metric background.


title:
Elucidating the photoresponse of ultrathin MoS2 field-effect transistors
  by scanning photocurrent microscopy

abstract:
  The mechanisms underlying the intrinsic photoresponse of few-layer (FL)
molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) field-effect transistors are investigated via
scanning photocurrent microscopy. We attribute the locally enhanced
photocurrent to band-bending assisted separation of photoexcited carriers at
the MoS2/Au interface. The wavelength-dependent photocurrents of few layer MoS2
transistors qualitatively follow the optical absorption spectra of MoS2,
providing direct evidence of interband photoexcitation. Time and spectrally
resolved photocurrent measurements at varying external electric fields and
carrier concentrations establish that drift-diffusion currents dominate
photothermoelectric currents in devices under bias.


title:
Continuity properties of vectors realizing points in the classical field
  of values

abstract:
  For an $n$-by-$n$ matrix $A$, let $f_A$ be its "field of values generating
function" defined as $f_A\colon x\mapsto x^*Ax$. We consider two natural
versions of the continuity, which we call strong and weak, of $f_A^{-1}$ (which
is of course multi-valued) on the field of values $F(A)$. The strong continuity
holds, in particular, on the interior of $F(A)$, and at such points $z \in
\partial F(A)$ which are either corner points, belong to the relative interior
of flat portions of $\partial F(A)$, or whose preimage under $f_A$ is contained
in a one-dimensional set. Consequently, $f_A^{-1}$ is continuous in this sense
on the whole $F(A)$ for all normal, 2-by-2, and unitarily irreducible 3-by-3
matrices. Nevertheless, we show by example that the strong continuity of
$f_A^{-1}$ fails at certain points of $\partial F(A)$ for some (unitarily
reducible) 3-by-3 and (unitarily irreducible) 4-by-4 matrices. The weak
continuity, in its turn, fails for some unitarily reducible 4-by-4 and
untiarily irreducible 6-by-6 matrices.


title: Far Field measurement in the focal plane of a lens : a cautionary note

abstract:
  We study theoretically the accuracy of the method based on the Fourier
property of lenses that is commonly used for the far field measurement. We
consider a simple optical setup in which the far-field intensity pattern of a
light beam passing through a Kerr medium is recorded by a CCD camera located in
the back focal plane of a thin lens. Using Fresnel diffraction formula and
numerical computations, we investigate the influence of a slight longitudinal
mispositioning of the CCD camera. Considering a coherent gaussian beam, we show
that a tiny error in the position of the CCD camera can produce a narrowing of
the transverse pattern instead of the anticipated and well-understood
broadening. This phenomenon is robust enough to persist for incoherent beams
strongly modified by the presence of noise. The existence of this phenomenon
has important consequences for the design and the realization of experiments in
the field of optical wave turbulence in which equilibrium spectra reached by
incoherent waves can only be determined from a careful far-field analysis. In
particular, the unexpected narrowing of the far field may be mistaken for the
remarkable phenomenon of classical condensation of waves. Finally, we show that
the finite-size of optical components used in experiments produces diffraction
patterns having wings decaying in a way comparable to the Rayleigh-Jeans
distribution reached by incoherent wave systems at thermodynamical equilibrium.


title:
Preparing for an Explosion: Hydrodynamic Instabilities and Turbulence in
  Presupernovae

abstract:
  Both observations and direct numerical simulations are discordant with
predictions of conventional stellar evolution codes for the latest stages of a
massive star's life prior to core collapse. We suggest that the problem lies in
the treatment of turbulent convection in these codes, which ignores finite
amplitude fluctuations in velocity and temperature, and their nonlinear
interaction with nuclear burning. The hydrodynamic instabilities that may arise
prompt us to discuss a number of far-reaching implications for the fates of
massive stars. In particular, we explore connections to enhanced presupernova
mass loss, unsteady nuclear burning and consequent eruptions, swelling of the
stellar radius that may trigger violent interactions with a companion star, and
potential modifications to the core structure that could dramatically impact
calculations of the core-collapse mechanism itself. These modifications may be
of fundamental importance to the interpretation of measured isotopic anomalies
in meteorites, changing the predictions of both mixing and detailed
nucleosynthesis, and of young core-collapse supernova remnants. They may also
make possible the development of an early warning system for the detection of
impending core collapse.


title:
Optical Properties and Raman Studies of Partially Edge Terminated
  Vertically Aligned Nanocrystalline MoS2 Thin Film

abstract:
  The optical and vibrational properties of nanocrystalline thin films of MoS2,
comprised of a mixture of edge terminated vertically aligned (ETVA) and
(001)-oriented regions, on large insulating substrates are reported. From high
resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), the average size of ETVA
nanocrystals were ~5 nm and each nanocrystal consisted of only 3 to 5
monolayers of MoS2. The films were highly transparent (~80%) but the percent of
transmittance decreased as the energy of the incident light approached to the
band gap. Additionally, weak excitonic peaks were observed both in the
absorption and transmission spectra. The room temperature Raman study showed
that both the E12g and A1g modes were significantly broader, and a few
additional Raman modes were observed when compared to bulk MoS2. The broadening
of the A1g mode was analyzed using the phonon-confinement model and the
calculated particle size was in good agreement with TEM observations. Moreover,
the temperature coefficient of the A1g mode was estimated from the temperature
dependent Raman studies.


abstract:
  J. An (2013) proved that for any $s,t \geq 0$ such that $s + t = 1$,
$\mathbf{Bad}(s,t)$ is $(34\sqrt 2)^{-1}$-winning for Schmidt's game. We show
that using the main lemma from An's paper one can derive a stronger result,
namely that $\mathbf{Bad}(s,t)$ is hyperplane absolute winning in the sense of
Broderick, Fishman, Kleinbock, Reich, and Weiss (2012). As a consequence one
can deduce the full dimension of $\mathbf{Bad}(s,t)$ intersected with certain
fractals.


title: Inverse continuity on the boundary of the numerical range

abstract:
  Let $A \in M_n(\C)$. We consider the mapping $f_A(x)=x^*Ax$, defined on the
unit sphere in $\C^n$. The map has a multi-valued inverse $f_A^{-1}$, and the
continuity properties of $f_A^{-1}$ are considered in terms of the structure of
the set of pre-images for points in the numerical range. It is shown that there
may be only finitely many failures of continuity of $f_A^{-1}$, and conditions
for where these failure occur are given. Additionally, we give a necessary and
sufficient condition for weak inverse continuity to hold for $n=4$ and a
sufficient condition for $n>4$.


title:
Application of a Fourier restriction theorem to certain families of
  projections in R^3

abstract:
  We use a restriction theorem for Fourier transforms of fractal measures to
study projections onto families of planes in R^3 whose normal directions form
nondegenerate curves.


title: Robust Radio Interferometric Calibration Using the t-Distribution

abstract:
  A major stage of radio interferometric data processing is calibration or the
estimation of systematic errors in the data and the correction for such errors.
A stochastic error (noise) model is assumed, and in most cases, this underlying
model is assumed to be Gaussian. However, outliers in the data due to
interference or due to errors in the sky model would have adverse effects on
processing based on a Gaussian noise model. Most of the shortcomings of
calibration such as the loss in flux or coherence, and the appearance of
spurious sources, could be attributed to the deviations of the underlying noise
model. In this paper, we propose to improve the robustness of calibration by
using a noise model based on Student's t distribution. Student's t noise is a
special case of Gaussian noise when the variance is unknown. Unlike Gaussian
noise model based calibration, traditional least squares minimization would not
directly extend to a case when we have a Student's t noise model. Therefore, we
use a variant of the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm, called the
Expectation-Conditional Maximization Either (ECME) algorithm when we have a
Student's t noise model and use the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm in the
maximization step. We give simulation results to show the robustness of the
proposed calibration method as opposed to traditional Gaussian noise model
based calibration, especially in preserving the flux of weaker sources that are
not included in the calibration model.


title:
Local pressure of confined fluids inside nanoslit pores -- A density
  functional theory prediction

abstract:
  In this work, the local pressure of fluids confined inside nanoslit pores is
predicted within the framework of the density functional theory. The
Euler-Lagrange equation in the density functional theory of statistical
mechanics is used to obtain the force balance equation which leads to a general
equation to predict the local normal component of the pressure tensor. Our
approach yields a general equation for predicting the normal pressure of
confined fluids and it satisfies the exact bulk thermodynamics equation when
the pore width approaches infinity. As two basic examples, we report the
solution of the general equation for hard-sphere (HS) and Lennard-Jones (LJ)
fluids confined between two parallel-structureless hard walls. To do so, we use
the modified fundamental measure theory (mFMT) to obtain the normal pressure
for hard-sphere confined fluid and mFMT incorporated with the Rosenfeld
perturbative DFT for the LJ fluid. Effects of different variables including
pore width, bulk density and temperature on the behavior of normal pressure are
studied and reported. Our predicted results show that in both HS and LJ cases
the confined fluids normal pressure has an oscillatory behavior and the number
of oscillations increases with bulk density and temperature. The oscillations
also become broad and smooth with pore width at a constant temperature and bulk
density. In comparison with the HS confined fluid, the values of normal
pressure for the LJ confined fluid as well as its oscillations at all distances
from the walls are less profound.


title: Rational Ahlfors Functions

abstract:
  We study a problem of Jeong and Taniguchi asking to find all rational maps
which are Ahlfors functions. We prove that the rational Ahlfors functions of
degree two are characterized by having positive residues at their poles. We
then show that this characterization does not generalize to higher degrees,
with the help of a numerical method for the computation of analytic capacity.
We also provide examples of rational Ahlfors functions in all degrees.


title: Conformal and Einstein gravity from twistor actions

abstract:
  We use the embedding of Einstein gravity with cosmological constant into
conformal gravity as a basis for using the twistor action for conformal gravity
to obtain MHV scattering amplitudes not just for conformal gravity, but also
for Einstein gravity on backgrounds with non-zero cosmological constant. The
new formulae for the gravitational MHV amplitude with cosmological constant
arise by summing Feynman diagrams using the matrix-tree theorem. We show that
this formula is well-defined (i.e., is independent of certain gauge choices)
and that it non-trivially reproduces Hodges' formula for the MHV amplitude in
the flat-space limit. We give a preliminary discussion of a MHV formalism for
more general amplitudes obtained from the conformal gravity twistor action in
an axial gauge. We also see that the embedding of Einstein data into the
conformal gravity action can be performed off-shell in twistor space to give a
proposal for an Einstein twistor action that automatically gives the same MHV
amplitude. These ideas extend naturally to N=4 supersymmetry.


title:
A single-merger scenario for the formation of the giant stream and the
  warp of M31

abstract:
  We propose that the accretion of a dwarf spheroidal galaxy provides a common
origin for the giant southern stream and the warp of M31. We run about 40 full
N-body simulations with live M31, infalling galaxies with varying masses and
density profiles, and cosmologically-plausible initial orbital parameters.
Excellent agreement with a full range of observational data is obtained for a
model in which a dark-matter-rich dwarf spheroidal, whose trajectory lies on
the thin plane of corotating satellites of M31, is accreted from its turnaround
radius of about 200 kpcs into M31 at approximately 3 Gyrs ago. The satellite is
disrupted as it orbits in the potential well of the galaxy and forms the giant
stream and in return heats and warps the disk of M31. We show that our
cosmologically-motivated model is favoured by the kinematic data over the
phenomenological models in which the satellite starts its infall from a close
distance of M31. Our model predicts that the remnant of the disrupted satellite
resides in the region of the North-Eastern shelf of M31. The results here
suggest that the surviving satellites of M31 that orbit on the same thin plane,
as the disrupted satellite once did, could have all been accreted from an
intergalactic filament.


title:
Self-generated magnetic turbulence and the propagation of galactic
  cosmic rays

abstract:
  Cosmic rays propagating in the Galaxy may excite a streaming instability when
their motion is super-alfvenic, thereby producing the conditions for their own
diffusion. We present the results of a self-consistent solution of the
transport equation where diffusion occurs because of the self-generated
turbulence together with a preexisting turbulence injected, for instance, by
supernova explosions and cascading to smaller scales. All chemicals are
included in our calculations, so that we are able to show the secondary to
primary ratios in addition to the spectra of the individual elements. All
predictions appear to be in good agreement with observations.


title:
Optimization of Curvi-Linear Tracing Applied to Solar Physics and
  Biophysics

abstract:
  We developed an automated pattern recognition code that is particularly well
suited to extract one-dimensional curvi-linear features from two-dimensional
digital images. A former version of this {\sl Oriented Coronal CUrved Loop
Tracing (OCCULT)} code was applied to spacecraft images of magnetic loops in
the solar corona, recorded with the NASA spacecraft {\sl Transition Region And
Coronal Explorer (TRACE)} in extreme ultra-violet wavelengths. Here we apply an
advanced version of this code ({\sl OCCULT-2}) also to similar images from the
{\sl Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)}, to chromospheric H-$\alpha$ images
obtained with the {\sl Swedish Solar Telescope (SST)}, and to microscopy images
of microtubule filaments in live cells in biophysics. We provide a full
analytical description of the code, optimize the control parameters, and
compare the automated tracing with visual/manual methods. The traced structures
differ by up to 16 orders of magnitude in size, which demonstrates the
universality of the tracing algorithm.


title:
Fractionalized excitations in the spin liquid state of a kagom\'{e}
  lattice antiferromagnet

abstract:
  New physics can emerge in magnetic materials where quantum fluctuations are
enhanced due to reduced dimensionality and strong frustration. One long sought
example is the resonating-valence-bond (RVB) state, where atomic magnetic
moments are strongly correlated but do not order or freeze even in the limit of
T -> 0. The RVB ground state does not break conventional symmetries, such as
lattice translation or spin-rotation. The realization of such a quantum spin
liquid in two-dimensions would represent a new state of matter. It is believed
that spin liquid physics plays a role in the phenomenon of high-Tc
superconductivity, and the topological properties of the spin liquid state may
have applications in the field of quantum information. We present neutron
scattering measurements of the spin excitations on single crystal samples of
the spin-1/2 kagom\'{e} lattice antiferromagnet ZnCu3(OD)6Cl2 (also called
herbertsmithite). Our observation of a spinon continuum in a two-dimensional
magnet is remarkable first. The results serve as a key fingerprint of the
quantum spin liquid state in herbertsmithite.


title:
The dynamical phase transitions of stellar systems and the corresponding
  kinetimacs

abstract:
  External fields in Migromian dynamics (MD or MOND, Milgrom 1983) break the
Strong Equivalence Principle (SEP) and change the dynamics of self-bound
stellar systems moving in space-varying background gravitational fields. We
study two kinds of re-virialisation of the stellar systems: the violent phase
transition and the adiabatic phase transition for systems moving on radial
orbits, where the external field evolves from strong to weak and whose
corresponding dynamics changes from Newtonian to Milgromian. We find that the
time scale for the phase tranformation from Newtonian to Milgromian gravity
lies only within one to a few crossing times for low density globular clusters
with masses ranging from $10^4\msun$ to $10^6\msun$. Thus a globular cluster
can appear frozen in the Newtonian regime despite being in the Milgromian
regime for not longer than a few crossing times. We also study the kinematics
and anisotropy profiles of the systems. The velocity dispersions of the systems
are larger after the phase transitions, especially for the outer regions of the
stellar systems. Moreover, the isotropic systems become radially anisotropic,
especially for the outer parts, after the process caused by the dynamical phase
transition. Deeper Milgromian systems have more radially anisotropic velocity
dispersion functions. We also find that the final profiles of density, velocity
dispersion and anisotropy do not depend on the details of the phase transition.
I.e., the mass distribution and kinematics of the end-states of the globular
clusters do not depend on the rapidity of the transition from Newtonian to
Milgromian gravity. Thus, the transition from the Newtonian to the Milgromian
regime naturally induces a significant radially anisotropic velocity
distribution in a globular cluster.


title:
Inhomogeneous T-Q equation for the open XXX chain with general boundary
  terms: completeness and arbitrary spin

abstract:
  An inhomogeneous T-Q equation has recently been proposed by Cao, Yang, Shi
and Wang for the open spin-1/2 XXX chain with general (nondiagonal) boundary
terms. We argue that a simplified version of this equation describes all the
eigenvalues of the transfer matrix of this model. We also propose a generating
function for the inhomogeneous T-Q equations of arbitrary spin.


title: Existence of periodic solutions for the periodically forced SIR model

abstract:
  We prove that the seasonally-forced SIR model with a T-periodic forcing has a
periodic solution with period T whenever the basic reproductive number R0>1.
The proof uses the Leray-Schauder degree theory. We also describe some
numerical results in which we compute the T-periodic solution, where in order
to obtain the T-periodic solution when the behavior of the system is
subharmonic or chaotic, we use a Galerkin scheme.


title:
The Effects of Local Primordial Non-Gaussianity on the Formation and
  Evolution of Galaxies

abstract:
  Thanks to the rapid progress in precision cosmology in the last few years, we
now have access to physical observables that may constrain the theory of
inflation through the non-Gaussianity (NG) signatures in the cosmic microwave
background radiation and the distribution of large-scale structure. Numerical
modeling of the NG signals from different inflation models is essential to
correctly interpret current and near future data from large-scale structure
surveys. In this study, we use high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamical
simulations to investigate the effects of primordial NG on the formation and
evolution of galaxies from the cosmic dawn to the present day. Focusing on the
local type primordial NG, we find that it may affect the formation history of
stars and black holes in galaxies, and their distribution. Compared to the
Gaussian case, large non-Gaussian potential with $f_{NL} \gtrsim 10^3$ leads to
earlier collapse of the first structures, more massive galaxies especially at
high redshifts, stronger clustering of galaxies, and higher halo bias. However,
for smaller NG with $f_{NL} \lesssim 10^2$, the effect is significantly weaker.
Observations of the distribution and properties of high-redshift, rare objects
such as the first galaxies and quasars may provide further constraints on the
primordial NG.


title: MHD instabilities in accretion mounds - II. 3D simulations

abstract:
  We investigate the onset of pressure driven toroidal mode instabilities in
accretion mounds on neutron stars by 3D MHD simulations using the PLUTO MHD
code. Our results confirm that for mounds beyond a threshold mass,
instabilities form finger like channels at the periphery, resulting in mass
loss from the magnetically confined mound. Ring like mounds with hollow
interior show the instabilities at the inner edge as well. We perform the
simulations for mounds of different sizes to investigate the effect of the
mound mass on the growth rate of the instabilities. We also investigate the
effect of such instabilities on observables such as cyclotron resonant
scattering features and timing properties of such systems.


title: Scaling exponents of curvature measures

abstract:
  Fractal curvatures of a subset F of R^d are roughly defined as suitably
rescaled limits of the total curvatures of its parallel sets F_e as e tends to
0 and have been studied in the last years in particular for self-similar and
self-conformal sets. This previous work was focussed on establishing the
existence of (averaged) fractal curvatures and related fractal curvature
measures in the generic case when the k-th curvature measure C_k(F_e,.) scales
like e^(k-D), where D ist the Minkowski dimension of F. In the present paper we
study the nongeneric situation when the scaling exponents do not coincide with
the dimension. We demonstrate that the possibilities for nongeneric behaviour
are rather limited and introduce the notion of local flatness, which allows a
geometric characterization of nongenericy in R and R^2. We expect local
flatness to be characteristic also in higher dimensions.
  The results enlighten the geometric meaning of the scaling exponents.


title:
f-Orthomorphisms and f-Linear Operators on the Order Dual of an
  f-Algebra

abstract:
  In this paper we consider the $f$-orthomorphisms and $f$-linear operators on
the order dual of an $f$-algebra. In particular, when the $f$-algebra has the
factorization property (not necessarily unital), we prove that the
orthomorphisms, $f$-orthomorphisms and $f$-linear operators on the order dual
are precisely the same class of operators.


title: Modelling of AC loss in coils made of thin tapes under DC bias current

abstract:
  Many applications, such as magnets and SMES, are usually charged and
discharged under a bias DC current, which may increase the AC loss. For their
design, it is necessary to understand and predict the AC loss. This article
analises the AC loss in magnet-like coils under DC bias contribution
super-imposed to the AC current. The analysis is based on a numerical model
that takes the interaction between magnetization currents in all turns into
account. The studied example is a stack of 32 pancake coils with 200 turns each
made of thin tape, such as $Re$BCO coated conductor. We present the current
density, the instantaneous power loss, and loss per cycle. We have found that
the loss increases with the DC bias current. The instantaneous power loss is
the largest in the initial rise of the the AC current. In following cycles, the
power loss is higher in the current increase than in the decrease. The loss per
cycle is the largest at the end pancakes. In conclusion, the highest cooling
power should be supplied to the top and bottom pancakes and during current
rise, specially the initial one. The presented model has a high potential to
predict the AC loss in magnet-size coils, useful for their design.


title: Boundary value problems for degenerate elliptic equations and systems

abstract:
  We study boundary value problems for degenerate elliptic equations and
systems with square integrable boundary data. We can allow for degeneracies in
the form of an $A_{2}$ weight. We obtain representations and boundary traces
for solutions in appropriate classes, perturbation results for solvability and
solvability in some situations. The technology of earlier works of the first
two authors can be adapted to the weighted setting once the needed quadratic
estimate is established and we even improve some results in the unweighted
setting. The proof of this quadratic estimate does not follow from earlier
results on the topic and is the core of the article.


title:
Avoiding Whitewashing in Unstructured Peer-to-Peer Resource Sharing
  Network

abstract:
  In peer-to-peer file sharing network, it is hard to distinguish between a
legitimate newcomer and a whitewasher. This makes whitewashing a big problem in
peer-to-peer networks. Although the problem of whitewashing can be solved using
permanent identities, it may take away the right of anonymity for users. In
this paper, we a have proposed a novel algorithm to avoid this problem when
network uses free temporary identities. In this algorithm, the initial
reputation is adjusted according to the level of whitewashing in the network.


title: A note on solutions of the matrix equation AXB=C

abstract:
  This paper deals with necessary and sufficient condition for consistency of
the matrix equation $AXB = C$. We will be concerned with the minimal number of
free parameters in Penrose's formula $X = A^(1)CB^(1) + Y - A^(1)AYBB^(1)$ for
obtaining the general solution of the matrix equation and we will establish the
relation between the minimal number of free parameters and the ranks of the
matrices A and B. The solution is described in the terms of Rohde's general
form of the {1}-inverse of the matrices A and B. We will also use Kronecker
product to transform the matrix equation $AXB = C$ into the linear system $(B^T
\otimes A)vecX = vec C$.


title:
The Pierre Auger Observatory: Contributions to the 33rd International
  Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2013)

abstract:
  Contributions of the Pierre Auger Collaboration to the 33rd International
Cosmic Ray Conference, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, July 2013


title:
Mass hierarchy in identified particle distributions in proton-lead
  collisions

abstract:
  We study the mass dependence for identified-particle average transverse
momentum and harmonic flow coefficients in proton-lead (p-Pb) collisions,
recently measured at the LHC. The collective mechanism in the p-Pb system
predicts a specific mass ordering in these observables: the growth of the
average transverse momentum with the particle mass and a mass splitting of the
elliptic flow coefficient, i.e., smaller differential elliptic flow of protons
than pions for p_T<2 GeV. This provides an opportunity to distinguish between
the collective scenario and the mechanism based on the initial gluon dynamics
in the evolution of the p-Pb system.


title:
Blue Supergiant Model for Ultra-Long Gamma-Ray Burst with
  Superluminous-Supernova-Like Bump

abstract:
  Long GRBs (LGRBs) have typical duration of ~ 30 s and some of them are
associated with hypernovae, like Type Ic SN 1998bw. Wolf-Rayet stars are the
most plausible LGRB progenitors, since the free-fall time of the envelope is
consistent with the duration, and the natural outcome of the progenitor is a
Type Ic SN. While a new population of ultra-long GRBs (ULGRBs), GRB 111209A,
GRB 101225A, and GRB 121027A, has a duration of ~ 10^4 s, two of them are
accompanied by superluminous-supernova (SLSN) like bumps, which are <~ 10 times
brighter than typical hypernovae. Wolf-Rayet progenitors cannot explain ULGRBs
because of too long duration and too bright SN-like bump. A blue supergiant
(BSG) progenitor model, however, can explain the duration of ULGRBs. Moreover,
SLSN-like bump can be attributed to the so-called cocoon-fireball photospheric
emissions (CFPEs). Since a large cocoon is inevitably produced during the
relativistic jet piercing though the BSG envelope, this component can be a
smoking-gun evidence of BSG model for ULGRBs. In this paper, we examine u, g,
r, i, and J-band light curves of three ULGRBs and demonstrate that they can be
fitted quite well by our BSG model with the appropriate choices of the jet
opening angle and the number density of the ambient gas. In addition, we
predict that for 121027A, SLSN-like bump could have been observed for ~ 20 - 80
days after the burst. We also propose that some SLSNe might be CFPEs of
off-axis ULGRBs without visible prompt emission.


title:
The role of quantum recurrence in superconductivity, carbon nanotubes
  and related gauge symmetry breaking

abstract:
  Pure quantum phenomena are characterized by intrinsic recurrences in space
and time. We use such an intrinsic periodicity as a quantization condition to
derive the essential phenomenology of superconductivity. The resulting
description is based on fundamental quantum dynamics and geometrical
considerations, rather than on microscopical characteristics of the
superconducting materials. This allows for the interpretation of the related
gauge symmetry breaking by means of the competition between quantum recurrence
and thermal noise. We also test the validity of this approach to describe the
case of carbon nanotubes.


title: AdS black holes with arbitrary scalar coupling

abstract:
  A general class of axionic and electrically charged black holes for a
self-interacting scalar field nonminimally coupled to Einstein gravity with a
negative cosmological constant is presented. These solutions are the first
examples of black holes with an arbitrary nonminimal coupling $\xi$ in four
dimensions. Moreover, due to the presence of two three-forms fields, the
topology of the horizon of these black holes is planar. We discuss some
properties of these solutions electing particular values of the nonminimal
coupling parameter. A special case arises when $\xi=1/4$, for which the
gravitational field is confined in a region close to the event horizon. We also
show that these black holes emerge from stealth AdS configurations as the
axionic fields are switched on, and that they can be generated through a
Kerr-Schild transformation. Finally, in the appendix, we extend these results
to arbitrary dimension.


title:
Confronting the Fermi Line with LHC data: an Effective Theory of Dark
  Matter Interaction with Photons

abstract:
  We describe an effective theory of interaction between pairs of dark matter
particles and pairs of photons. Such an interaction could accomodate
$\chi\bar{\chi}\rightarrow\gamma\gamma$ processes which might be the cause of
the observed feature in the FermiLAT spectrum, as well as
$\gamma^*/Z\rightarrow \gamma\chi\bar{\chi}$ processes, which would predict
excesses at the LHC in the $\gamma+\missET$ final-state. We reinterpret an
ATLAS $\gamma+\missET$ analysis and the observed Fermi feature in the parameter
space of our new effective theory to assess their consistency.


title: Semi-analytic galaxy formation in f(R)-gravity cosmologies

abstract:
  Modifications of the equations of general relativity at large distances offer
one possibility to explain the observed properties of our Universe without
invoking a cosmological constant. Numerous proposals for such modified gravity
cosmologies exist, but often their consequences for structure formation in the
non-linear sector are not yet accurately known. In this work, we employ
high-resolution numerical simulations of f(R)-gravity models coupled with a
semi-analytic model (SAM) for galaxy formation to obtain detailed predictions
for the evolution of galaxy properties. The f(R)-gravity models imply the
existence of a `fifth-force', which is however locally suppressed, preserving
the successes of general relativity on solar system scales. We show that dark
matter haloes in f(R)-gravity models are characterized by a modified virial
scaling with respect to the LCDM scenario, reflecting a higher dark matter
velocity dispersion at a given mass. This effect is taken into account in the
SAM by an appropriate modification of the mass--temperature relation. We find
that the statistical properties predicted for galaxies (such as the stellar
mass function and the cosmic star formation rate) in f(R)-gravity show
generally only very small differences relative to LCDM, smaller than the
dispersion between the results of different SAM models, which can be viewed as
a measure of their systematic uncertainty. We also demonstrate that galaxy bias
is not able to disentangle between f(R)-gravity and the standard cosmological
scenario. However, f(R)-gravity imprints modifications in the linear growth
rate of cosmic structures at large scale, which can be recovered from the
statistical properties of large galaxy samples.


title:
Giga-z: A 100,000 Object Superconducting Spectrophotometer for LSST
  Follow-up

abstract:
  We simulate the performance of a new type of instrument, a Superconducting
Multi-Object Spectrograph (SuperMOS), that uses Microwave Kinetic Inductance
Detectors (MKIDs). MKIDs, a new detector technology, feature good QE in the
UVOIR, can count individual photons with microsecond timing accuracy and, like
X-ray calorimeters, determine their energy to several percent. The performance
of Giga-z, a SuperMOS designed for wide field imaging follow-up observations,
is evaluated using simulated observations of the COSMOS mock catalog with an
array of 100,000 R_{423 nm} = E/\Delta E = 30 MKID pixels. We compare our
results against a simultaneous simulation of LSST observations. In three years
on a dedicated 4 m-class telescope, Giga-z could observe ~ 2 billion galaxies,
yielding a low resolution spectral energy distribution (SED) spanning 350 -
1350 nm for each; 1000 times the number measured with any currently proposed
LSST spectroscopic follow-up, at a fraction of the cost and time. Giga-z would
provide redshifts for galaxies up to z ~ 6 with magnitudes m_i < 25, with
accuracy \sigma_{\Delta z/(1+z)} = 0.03 for the whole sample, and
\sigma_{\Delta z/(1+z)} = 0.007 for a select subset. We also find catastrophic
failure rates and biases that are consistently lower than for LSST. The added
constraint on Dark Energy parameters for WL+CMB by Giga-z using the FoMSWG
default model is equivalent to multiplying the LSST Fisher matrix by a factor
of \alpha = 1.27 (w_p), 1.53 (w_a), or 1.98 (\Delta \gamma). This is equivalent
to multiplying both the LSST coverage area and the training sets by \alpha, and
reducing all systematics by a factor of 1/sqrt(\alpha), advantages that are
robust to even more extreme models of intrinsic alignment.


title: Moving Objects in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field

abstract:
  We identify proper motion objects in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (UDF) using
the optical data from the original UDF program in 2004 and the near-infrared
data from the 128-orbit UDF 2012 campaign. There are 12 sources brighter than
I=27 mag that display >3sigma significant proper motions. We do not find any
proper motion objects fainter than this magnitude limit. Combining optical and
near-infrared photometry, we model the spectral energy distribution of each
point-source using stellar templates and state-of-the-art white dwarf models.
For I<27 mag, we identify 23 stars with K0-M6 spectral types and two faint blue
objects that are clearly old, thick disk white dwarfs. We measure a thick disk
white dwarf space density of 0.1-1.7 E-3 per cubic parsec from these two
objects. There are no halo white dwarfs in the UDF down to I=27 mag. Combining
the Hubble Deep Field North, South, and the UDF data, we do not see any
evidence for dark matter in the form of faint halo white dwarfs, and the
observed population of white dwarfs can be explained with the standard Galactic
models.


title: Global Constraints on Lepton-Quark Contact Interactions

abstract:
  The Large Hadron Collider can do precision physics at a level that is
competitive with electroweak precision constraints when probing physics beyond
the Standard Model. We present a simple yet general parameterization of the
effect of an arbitrary number of lepton-quark contact interactions on any
di-lepton observable at hadron colliders. This parameterization can be easily
adopted by the experimental collaborations to put bounds on arbitrary
combinations of lepton-quark contact interactions. We compute the corresponding
bounds from current di-lepton resonance searches at the LHC and find that they
are competitive with and often complementary to indirect constraints from
electroweak precision data. We combine all current constraints in a global
analysis to obtain the most stringent bounds on lepton-quark contact
interactions. We also show that the high-energy phase of the LHC has a unique
potential in terms of discovery and discrimination power among different types
of lepton-quark contact interactions.


title:
On the use of the ratio of small to large separations in asteroseismic
  model fitting

abstract:
  Context. The use of ratios of small to large separations as a diagnostic of
stellar interiors. Aims. To demonstrate that model fitting by comparing
observed and model separation ratios at the same n values is in error, and to
present a correct procedure. Methods. Theoretical analysis using phase shifts
and numerical models. Results. We show that the separation ratios of stellar
models with the same interior structure, but different outer layers, are not
the same when compared at the same n values, but are the same when evaluated at
the same frequencies by interpolation. The separation ratios trace the phase
shift differences as a function of frequency not of n. We give examples from
model fitting where the ratios at the same n values agree within the error
estimates, but do not agree when evaluated at the same frequencies and the
models do not have the same interior structure. The correct procedure is to
compare observed ratios with those of models interpolated to the observed
frequencies.


title: A Landau--Ginzburg mirror theorem without concavity

abstract:
  We provide a mirror symmetry theorem in a range of cases where the
state-of-the-art techniques relying on concavity or convexity do not apply.
More specifically, we work on a family of FJRW potentials named after Fan,
Jarvis, Ruan, and Witten's quantum singularity theory and viewed as the
counterpart of a non-convex Gromov--Witten potential via the physical LG/CY
correspondence. The main result provides an explicit formula for Polishchuk and
Vaintrob's virtual cycle in genus zero. In the non-concave case of the
so-called chain invertible polynomials, it yields a compatibility theorem with
the FJRW virtual cycle and a proof of mirror symmetry for FJRW theory.


title:
Constraints on OH Megamaser Excitation from a Survey of OH Satellite
  Lines

abstract:
  We report the results of a full-Stokes survey of all four 18 cm OH lines in
77 OH megamasers (OHMs) using the Arecibo Observatory. This is the first survey
of OHMs that included observations of the OH satellite lines; only 4 of the 77
OHMs have existing satellite line observations in the literature. In 5 sources,
satellite line emission is detected, with 3 of the 5 sources re-detections of
previously published sources. The 2 sources with new detections of satellite
line emission are IRAS F10173+0829, which was detected at 1720 MHz, and IRAS
F15107+0724, for which both the 1612 MHz and 1720 MHz lines were detected. In
IRAS F15107+0724, the satellite lines are partially conjugate, as 1720 MHz
absorption and 1612 MHz emission have the same structure at some velocities
within the source, along with additional broader 1612 MHz emission. This is the
first observed example of conjugate satellite lines in an OHM. In the remaining
sources, no satellite line emission is observed. The detections and upper
limits are generally consistent with models of OHM emission in which all of the
18 cm OH lines have the same excitation temperature. There is no evidence for a
significant population of strong satellite line emitters among OHMs.


title: Reanalysis of the FEROS observations of HIP 11952

abstract:
  Aims. We reanalyze FEROS observations of the star HIP 11952 to reassess the
existence of the proposed planetary system. Methods. The radial velocity of the
spectra were measured by cross-correlating the observed spectrum with a
synthetic template. We also analyzed a large dataset of FEROS and HARPS
archival data of the calibrator HD 10700 spanning over more than five years. We
compared the barycentric velocities computed by the FEROS and HARPS pipelines.
Results. The barycentric correction of the FEROS-DRS pipeline was found to be
inaccurate and to introduce an artificial one-year period with a semi-amplitude
of 62 m/s. Thus the reanalysis of the FEROS data does not support the existence
of planets around HIP 11952.


title:
Chargino and neutralino production at the Large Hadron Collider in
  left-right supersymmetric models

abstract:
  We present a complete and extensive analysis of associated chargino and
neutralino production in the framework of a supersymmetric theory augmented by
left-right symmetry. This model provides additional gaugino and higgsino states
in both the neutral and charged sectors, thus potentially enhancing new physics
signals at the LHC. For a choice of benchmark scenarios, we calculate cross
sections for 7, 8 and 14 TeV. We then simulate events expected to be produced
at the LHC, and classify them according to the number of leptons in the final
state. We devise methods to reduce the background and compare the signals with
consistently simulated events for the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. We
pinpoint promising scenarios where left-right symmetric supersymmetric signals
can be distinguished both from background and from the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model events.


title: Describing SGRs/AXPs as fast and magnetized white dwarfs

abstract:
  Over the last decade, observational evidence has mounted that SGRs/AXPs
belong to a particular class of pulsars. Furthermore, fast and very magnetic
white dwarfs have been observed, and recently two SGRs with low magnetic fields
$B\sim(10^{12}-10^{13})$ G, namely SGR 0418+5729 and Swift J1822.3-1606 were
discovered with a period of $P\sim9.08$ s and $P\sim8.44$ s, respectively.
These new discoveries opens the question of the nature of SGRs/AXPs, emerging
alternative scenarios, in particular the white dwarf (WD) pulsar model. These
astronomical observations have based an alternative description of the
SGRs/AXPs expressed on rotating highly magnetized and very massive WDs. In this
new description, several observational properties are easy understood and well
explained as a consequence of the large radius of a massive white dwarf that
manifests a new scale of mass density, moment of inertia, rotational energy,
and magnetic dipole moment in comparison with the case of neutron stars. In
this contribution, we will show that these recent discoveries of SGRs with low
magnetic field share some properties with the recent detected fast WD pulsar AE
Aquarii, and also with RXJ 0648.0-4418, and EUVE J0317-855, supporting the
understanding of at least these SGRs with low-B as belonging to a class of very
fast and magnetic massive WDs. Furthermore, these recent astronomical
observations suggest that we should revisit the real nature of AXP/SGRs: are
they really magnetars or very fast and massive white dwarfs?


title: Driven nonlinear dynamics of two coupled exchange-only qubits

abstract:
  Inspired by creation of a fast exchange-only qubit (Medford et al., Phys.
Rev. Lett., 111, 050501 (2013)), we develop a theory describing the nonlinear
dynamics of two such qubits that are capacitively coupled, when one of them is
driven resonantly at a frequency equal to its level splitting. We include
conditions of strong driving, where the Rabi frequency is a significant
fraction of the level splitting, and we consider situations where the splitting
for the second qubit may be the same or different than the first. We
demonstrate that coupling between qubits can be detected by reading the
response of the second qubit, even when the coupling between them is only of
about $1\%$ of their level splittings, and calculate entanglement between
qubits. Patterns of nonlinear dynamics of coupled qubits and their entanglement
are strongly dependent on the geometry of the system, and the specific
mechanism of inter-qubit coupling deeply influences dynamics of both qubits. In
particular, we describe the development of irregular dynamics in a two-qubit
system, explore approaches for inhibiting it, and demonstrate existence of an
optimal range of coupling strength maintaining stability during the operational
time.


title:
Low-rank Approximations for Computing Observation Impact in 4D-Var Data
  Assimilation

abstract:
  We present an efficient computational framework to quantify the impact of
individual observations in four dimensional variational data assimilation. The
proposed methodology uses first and second order adjoint sensitivity analysis,
together with matrix-free algorithms to obtain low-rank approximations of ob-
servation impact matrix. We illustrate the application of this methodology to
important applications such as data pruning and the identification of faulty
sensors for a two dimensional shallow water test system.


title:
Trapping of light in solitonic cavities and its role in the
  supercontinuum generation

abstract:
  We demonstrate that the fission of higher-order N-solitons with a subsequent
ejection of fundamental quasi-solitons creates solitonic cavities, formed by a
pair of solitons with dispersive light trapped between them. As a result of
multiple reflections of the trapped light from the bounding solitons which act
as mirrors, they bend their trajectories and collide. In the spectral-domain,
the two solitons receive blue and red wavelength shifts, respectively. The
spectrum of the bouncing trapped light alters as well. This phenomenon strongly
affect spectral characteristics of the generated supercontinuum. Studies of the
system's parameters, which are responsible for the creation of the cavities,
reveal possibilities of predicting and controlling soliton-soliton collisions
induced by multiple reflections of the trapped light.


title: Powers in Lucas Sequences via Galois Representations

abstract:
  Let $u_n$ be a nondegenerate Lucas sequence. We generalize the results of
Bugeaud, Mignotte, and Siksek, 2006 to give a systematic approach towards the
problem of determining all perfect powers in any particular Lucas sequence. We
then prove a general bound on admissible prime powers in a Lucas sequence
assuming the Frey-Mazur conjecture on isomorphic mod $p$ Galois representations
of elliptic curves.


title: 125 GeV Higgs Boson From Gauge-Higgs Unification: A Snowmass white paper

abstract:
  In certain five dimensional gauge theories compactified on the orbifold
$S^1/Z_2$ the Standard Model Higgs doublet is identified with the zero mode of
the fifth component of the gauge field. This gauge-Higgs unification scenario
is realized at high energies, and the Standard Model as an effective theory
below the compactification scale satisfies the boundary condition that the
Higgs quartic coupling vanishes at the compactification scale (gauge-Higgs
condition). This is because at energies above the compactification scale, the
five dimensional gauge invariance is restored and the Higgs potential vanishes
as a consequence. We consider scenario where top quark Yukawa and weak gauge
coupling unification can be realized and identify the compactification scale as
one at which this two coupling couplings have the same value. Taking into
account the experimental uncertainties in measurements of the top quark mass
and the QCD coupling constant, the Higgs mass prediction of 119-126 GeV from
the gauge-Higgs unification scenario is consistent with the experimentally
measured value of 125-126 GeV. More precise measurements of the top quark mass
and the QCD coupling constant are crucial to reduce the interval of the Higgs
mass prediction and thereby test the feasibility of the gauge-Higgs unification
scenario.


title: Fixing the parameters of Lattice HQET including 1/m_B terms

abstract:
  The study of the CKM matrix elements with increasing precision requires a
reliable evaluation of hadronic matrix elements of axial and vector currents
which can be done with Lattice QCD. The tiniest entry, |V_{ub}|, can be
estimated independently from B to tau nu and B to pi l nu decays. The ALPHA
collaboration has undertaken the effort to evaluate non-perturbatively the
decay constant f_B and the f^+(q) form factor for q^2 close to q_{max}^2
entering these determinations. Since for the b quark m_b >> a^{-1} for
available lattice sizes, an effective description of the b quark is necessary.
HQET provides an example of the latter. As any effective theory, HQET is
predictive only when a set of parameters have been determined through a process
called matching. The non-perturbative matching procedure applied by the ALPHA
collaboration consists of 19 matching conditions needed to fix all the relevant
parameters at order 1/m_B of the HQET action and the axial and vector currents.
We present a study of one-loop corrections to two representative matching
conditions. Our results enable us to quantify the quality of the observables
used in the matching procedure.


title:
Precision $\bar \nu_e$-electron Scattering Measurements with IsoDAR to
  Search for New Physics

abstract:
  IsoDAR provides a pure and intense $\bar \nu_e$ source with an average energy
of 6.5 MeV produced through $^8$Li $\beta$-decay. This source can be paired
with a large scintillator detector, such as KamLAND, to produce a sample of
$\bar \nu_e$-electron scatters that is more than five times larger than what
has been collected before. Such a sample would allow for a 3.2% measurement of
$\sin^2\theta_W$ and a sensitive search for non-standard interactions.


title: Structural position and oxidation state of nickel in SrTiO3

abstract:
  The properties of Ni-doped strontium titanate are studied using X-ray
diffraction and XAFS spectroscopy. It is shown that regardless of the
preparation conditions, the SrTi1-xNixO3 solid solution and the NiTiO3 phase
are the most stable phases which can coexist. According to the EXAFS data, in
the single-phase sample of SrTi0.97Ni0.03O3, the Ni atoms substitute for the Ti
ones and are on-center. The distortion of the oxygen octahedra is not observed.
The XANES spectra analysis shows that the oxidation state of nickel in NiTiO3
is 2+, and in the SrTi1-xNixO3 solid solution it is close to 4+. It is shown
that the strongest light absorption in doped samples is associated with the
presence of tetravalent nickel in the SrTi1-xNixO3 solid solution. This doping
seems the most promising one for solar energy converters that exploit the bulk
photovoltaic effect.


title: Cosmic Variance of the Spectral Index from Mode Coupling

abstract:
  We demonstrate that local, scale-dependent non-Gaussianity can generate
cosmic variance uncertainty in the observed spectral index of primordial
curvature perturbations. In a universe much larger than our current Hubble
volume, locally unobservable long wavelength modes can induce a
scale-dependence in the power spectrum of typical subvolumes, so that the
observed spectral index varies at a cosmologically significant level (|\Delta
ns | ~ O(0.04)). Similarly, we show that the observed bispectrum can have an
induced scale dependence that varies about the global shape. If tensor modes
are coupled to long wavelength modes of a second field, the locally observed
tensor power and spectral index can also vary. All of these effects, which can
be introduced in models where the observed non-Gaussianity is consistent with
bounds from the Planck satellite, loosen the constraints that observations
place on the parameters of theories of inflation with mode coupling. We suggest
observational constraints that future measurements could aim for to close this
window of cosmic variance uncertainty.


title:
The Moutard transformation and two-dimensional multi-point delta-type
  potentials

abstract:
  In the framework of the Moutard transformation formalism we find multi-point
delta-type potentials of two-dimensional Schrodinger operators and their
isospectral deformations on the zero energy level. In particular, these
potentials are "reflectionless" in the sense of the Faddeev generalized
"scattering" data.


title:
DCE: A Novel Delay Correlation Measurement for Tomography with Passive
  Realization

abstract:
  Tomography is important for network design and routing optimization. Prior
approaches require either precise time synchronization or complex cooperation.
Furthermore, active tomography consumes explicit probeing resulting in limited
scalability. To address the first issue we propose a novel Delay Correlation
Estimation methodology named DCE with no need of synchronization and special
cooperation. For the second issue we develop a passive realization mechanism
merely using regular data flow without explicit bandwidth consumption.
Extensive simulations in OMNeT++ are made to evaluate its accuracy where we
show that DCE measured delay correlation is highly identical with the true
value. Also from test result we find that mechanism of passive realization is
able to achieve both regular data transmission and purpose of tomography with
excellent robustness versus different background traffic and package size.


title: Non-thermal Dark Matter in String Compactifications

abstract:
  Non-thermal cosmological histories are capable of greatly increasing the
available parameter space of different particle physics dark matter (DM) models
and are well-motivated by the ubiquity of late-decaying gravitationally coupled
scalars in UV theories like string theory. A non-thermal DM model is presented
in the context of LARGE Volume Scenarios in type IIB string theory. The model
is capable of addressing both the moduli-induced gravitino problem as well as
the problem of overproduction of axionic dark radiation and/or DM. We show that
the right abundance of neutralino DM can be obtained in both thermal under and
overproduction cases for DM masses between O(GeV) to O(TeV). In the latter case
the contribution of the QCD axion to the relic density is totally negligible,
while in the former case it can be comparable to that of the neutralino thus
resulting in a multi-component DM scenario.


title: An Ideal Characterization of the Clifford Operators

abstract:
  The Clifford operators are an important and well-studied subset of quantum
operations, in both the qubit and higher-dimensional qudit cases. While there
are many ways to characterize this set, this paper aims to provide an ideal
characterization, in the sense that it has the same characterization in every
finite dimension, is characterized by a minimal set of gates, is constructive,
and does not make any assumptions about non-Clifford operations or resources
(such as the use of ancillas or the ability to make measurements). While most
characterizations satisfy some of these properties, this appears to be the
first characterization satisfying all of the above. As an application, we use
these results to briefly analyze characterizations of Clifford embeddings, that
is, the action of logical Clifford operations acting on qunits embedded in
higher-dimensional qudits, inside the qudit Clifford framework.


title: Inner functions in weak Besov spaces

abstract:
  It is shown that inner functions in weak Besov spaces are precisely the
exponential Blaschke products.


title: Polyharmonic maps into the Euclidean space

abstract:
  We study polyharmonic (k-harmonic) maps between Riemannian manifolds with
finite j-energies (j=1, cdots, 2k-2). We show if the domain is complete and the
target is the Euclidean space, then such a map is harmonic.


title:
On the NP-Hardness of Approximating Ordering Constraint Satisfaction
  Problems

abstract:
  We show improved NP-hardness of approximating Ordering Constraint
Satisfaction Problems (OCSPs). For the two most well-studied OCSPs, Maximum
Acyclic Subgraph and Maximum Betweenness, we prove inapproximability of
$14/15+\epsilon$ and $1/2+\epsilon$.
  An OCSP is said to be approximation resistant if it is hard to approximate
better than taking a uniformly random ordering. We prove that the Maximum
Non-Betweenness Problem is approximation resistant and that there are width-$m$
approximation-resistant OCSPs accepting only a fraction $1 / (m/2)!$ of
assignments. These results provide the first examples of
approximation-resistant OCSPs subject only to P $\neq$ \NP.


title:
Anisotropic Bruggeman Effective Medium Approaches for Slanted Columnar
  Thin Films

abstract:
  Two different formalisms for the homogenization of composite materials
containing ellipsoidal inclusions based on Bruggeman's original formula for
spherical inclusions can be found in the literature. Both approximations
determine the effective macroscopic permittivity of such an idealized composite
assuming randomly distributed dielectric particles of equal shape and differ
only in the definition of the depolarization factors. The two approaches are
applied to analyze ellipsometric Mueller matrix spectra acquired in the visible
and near-infrared spectral region from metal and semiconductor slanted columnar
thin films. Furthermore, the effective dielectric function tensor generated by
the two Bruggeman formalisms is compared to effective major axes dielectric
functions individually determined with a homogeneous biaxial layer approach.
Best-match model parameters of all three model approaches are discussed and
compared to estimates from scanning electron microscope images. The structural
parameters obtained from all three optical modeling approaches agree well with
the electron microscopy technique. A comparative discussion is given for the
validity and applicability of the three model approaches for analysis of future
devices structures that may require optical readout using generalized
ellipsometry methods.


title:
The IFAE/UAB and LUPM Raman LIDARs for Cherenkov Telescope Array
  Observatory

abstract:
  The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next generation of Imaging
Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes. It will reach a sensitivity and an energy
resolution with no precendent in very high energy gamma-ray astronomy. In order
to achieve this goal, the systematic uncertainties derived from the atmospheric
conditions shall be reduced to the minimum. Different instruments may help
account for these uncertainties. The Barcelona IFAE/UAB (acronyms for Institut
de F\'isica d'Altes Energies and Universitat Aut\`onoma de Barcelona,
respectively) and the Montpellier LUPM (Laboratoire Univers et Particules de
Montpellier) groups are building Raman LIDARs, devices which can reduce the
systematic uncertainties in the reconstruction of the gamma-ray energies from
20$%$ down to 5$%$. The Raman LIDARs subject of this work have coaxial 1.8 m
mirrors with a Nd-YAG laser each. A liquid light-guide collects the light at
the focal plane and transports it to the readout system. We are developping a
monochromator with the purpose of testing the readout chain of both LIDARs.
This device is composed of a system of filters and a photomultiplier, and will
be used to study a particular elastic channel. After characterizing the system,
we will build a polychromator to collect also the sparse Raman signal and will
optimize it to reduce every possible loss of signal. We report on the current
status of the LIDARs development and also the latest results on the different
characterization tests.


title:
An efficient biologically-inspired photocell enhanced by quantum
  coherence

abstract:
  Artificially reproducing the biological light reactions responsible for the
remarkably efficient photon-to-charge conversion in photosynthetic complexes
represents a new direction for the future development of photovoltaic devices.
Here, we develop such a paradigm and present a model photocell based on the
nanoscale architecture of photosynthetic reaction centres that explicitly
harnesses the quantum mechanical effects recently discovered in photosynthetic
complexes. Quantum interference of photon absorption/emission induced by the
dipole-dipole interaction between molecular excited states guarantees an
enhanced light-to-current conversion and power generation for a wide range of
realistic parameters, opening a promising new route for designing artificial
light-harvesting devices inspired by biological photosynthesis and quantum
technologies.


title: Double-interval societies

abstract:
  Consider a society of voters, each of whom specify an approval set over a
linear political spectrum. We examine double-interval societies, in which each
person's approval set is represented by two disjoint closed intervals, and
study this situation where the approval sets are pairwise-intersecting: every
pair of voters has a point in the intersection of their approval sets. The
approval ratio for a society is, loosely speaking, the popularity of the most
popular position on the spectrum. We study the question: what is the minimal
guaranteed approval ratio for such a society? We provide a lower bound for the
approval ratio, and examine a family of societies that have rather low approval
ratios. These societies arise from double-n strings: arrangements of n symbols
in which each symbol appears exactly twice.


title:
Enabling Complexity-Performance Trade-Offs for Successive Cancellation
  Decoding of Polar Codes

abstract:
  Polar codes are one of the most recent advancements in coding theory and they
have attracted significant interest. While they are provably capacity achieving
over various channels, they have seen limited practical applications.
Unfortunately, the successive nature of successive cancellation based decoders
hinders fine-grained adaptation of the decoding complexity to design
constraints and operating conditions. In this paper, we propose a systematic
method for enabling complexity-performance trade-offs by constructing polar
codes based on an optimization problem which minimizes the complexity under a
suitably defined mutual information based performance constraint. Moreover, a
low-complexity greedy algorithm is proposed in order to solve the optimization
problem efficiently for very large code lengths.


title:
On the effects of size factor on albedo versus wavelength for light
  scattered by small particles under Mie and Rayleigh regimes

abstract:
  Scattering by particles significantly smaller than the wavelength is an
important physical process in the rocky bodies in our solar system and beyond.
A number of observations of spectral bluing (referred to in those papers as
"Rayleigh scattering") on planetary surfaces have been recently reported,
however, the necessary mathematical modeling of this phenomenon has not yet
achieved maturity. This paper is a first step to this effect, by examining the
effect of grain size and optical index on the albedo of small conservative and
absorbing particles as a function of wavelength. The basic conditions necessary
for spectral bluing or reddening to be observed in real-world situations are
identified. We find that any sufficiently monomodal size distribution of
scattering particles will cause spectral bluing in some part of the EM spectrum
regardless of its optical index.


title:
Transient artifacts in a flare observed by the Helioseismic and Magnetic
  Imager on the Solar Dynamics Observatory

abstract:
  The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) onboard the Solar Dynamics
Observatory (SDO) provides a new tool for the systematic observation of
white-light flares, including Doppler and magnetic information as well as
continuum. In our initial analysis of the highly impulsive \gamma-ray flare
SOL2010-06-12T00:57 (Mart'{\i}nez Oliveros et al., Solar Phys., 269, 269,
2011), we reported the signature of a strong blueshift in the two footpoint
sources. Concerned that this might be an artifact due to aliasing peculiar to
the HMI instrument, we undertook a comparative analysis of Global Oscillations
Network Group (GONG++) observations of the same flare, using the PArametric
Smearing Correction ALgorithm (PASCAL) algorithm to correct for artifacts
caused by variations in atmospheric smearing. This analysis confirms the
artifactual nature of the apparent blueshift in the HMI observations, finding
weak redshifts at the footpoints instead. We describe the use of PASCAL with
GONG++ observations as a complement to the SDO observations and discuss
constraints imposed by the use of HMI far from its design conditions. With
proper precautions, these data provide rich information on flares and
transients.


title: An electromagnetic analog of gravitational wave memory

abstract:
  We present an electromagnetic analog of gravitational wave memory. That is,
we consider what change has occurred to a detector of electromagnetic radiation
after the wave has passed. Rather than a distortion in the detector, as occurs
in the gravitational wave case, we find a residual velocity (a "kick") to the
charges in the detector. In analogy with the two types of gravitational wave
memory ("ordinary" and "nonlinear") we find two types of electromagnetic kick.


title:
Stability properties and gap theorem for complete $f$-minimal
  hypersurfaces

abstract:
  In this paper, we study complete oriented $f$-minimal hypersurfaces properly
immersed in a cylinder shrinking soliton $(\mathbb{S}^n\times \mathbb{R},
\bar{g}, f)$. We prove that such hypersurface with $L_f$-index one must be
either $\mathbb{S}^n\times\{0\}$ or $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}\times\mathbb{R}$, where
$\mathbb{S}^{n-1}$ denotes the sphere in $\mathbb{S}^{n}$ of the same radius.
Also we prove a pinching theorem for them.