title:
Search for new resonant states in 10C and 11C and their impact on the
  cosmological lithium problem

abstract:
  The observed primordial 7Li abundance in metal-poor halo stars is found to be
lower than its Big-Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) calculated value by a factor of
approximately three. Some recent works suggested the possibility that this
discrepancy originates from missing resonant reactions which would destroy the
7Be, parent of 7Li. The most promising candidate resonances which were found
include a possibly missed 1- or 2- narrow state around 15 MeV in the compound
nucleus 10C formed by 7Be+3He and a state close to 7.8 MeV in the compound
nucleus 11C formed by 7Be+4He. In this work, we studied the high excitation
energy region of 10C and the low excitation energy region in 11C via the
reactions 10B(3He,t)10C and 11B(3He,t)11C, respectively, at the incident energy
of 35 MeV. Our results for 10C do not support 7Be+3He as a possible solution
for the 7Li problem. Concerning 11C results, the data show no new resonances in
the excitation energy region of interest and this excludes 7Be+4He reaction
channel as an explanation for the 7Li deficit.


title: Anomaly and long-range forces

abstract:
  We consider infrared dependences of chiral effects, like chiral magnetic
effect, in chiral media. The main observation is that there exist competing
infrared-sensitive parameters, sometimes not apparent. The value of the chiral
effects depends in fact on the actual hierarchy of the parameters. Some
examples have been already given in the literature. We argue that
magnetostatics of chiral media with a non-vanishing chiral chemical potential
$\mu_5\neq 0$ is also infrared sensitive. In particular, the system turns to be
unstable if the volume is large enough. The instability is with respect to the
decay of the system into domains of non-vanishing magnetic field with
non-trivial helicity.


title:
CeLAND: search for a 4th light neutrino state with a 3 PBq 144Ce-144Pr
  electron antineutrino generator in KamLAND

abstract:
  The reactor neutrino and gallium anomalies can be tested with a 3-4 PBq
(75-100 kCi scale) 144Ce-144Pr antineutrino beta-source deployed at the center
or next to a large low-background liquid scintillator detector. The
antineutrino generator will be produced by the Russian reprocessing plant PA
Mayak as early as 2014, transported to Japan, and deployed in the Kamioka
Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) as early as 2015.
KamLAND's 13 m diameter target volume provides a suitable environment to
measure the energy and position dependence of the detected neutrino flux. A
characteristic oscillation pattern would be visible for a baseline of about 10
m or less, providing a very clean signal of neutrino disappearance into a
yet-unknown, sterile neutrino state. This will provide a comprehensive test of
the electron dissaperance neutrino anomalies and could lead to the discovery of
a 4th neutrino state for Delta_m^2 > 0.1 eV^2 and sin^2(2theta) > 0.05.


title: Multiscale approach to the physics of radiation damage with ions

abstract:
  The multiscale approach to the assessment of biodamage resulting upon
irradiation of biological media with ions is reviewed, explained and compared
to other approaches. The processes of ion propagation in the medium concurrent
with ionization and excitation of molecules, transport of secondary products,
dynamics of the medium, and biological damage take place on a number of
different temporal, spatial and energy scales. The multiscale approach, a
physical phenomenon-based analysis of the scenario that leads to radiation
damage, has been designed to consider all relevant effects on a variety of
scales and develop an approach to the quantitative assessment of biological
damage as a result of irradiation with ions. This paper explains the scenario
of radiation damage with ions, overviews its major parts, and applies the
multiscale approach to different experimental conditions. On the basis of this
experience, the recipe for application of the multiscale approach is
formulated. The recipe leads to the calculation of relative biological
effectiveness.


title: Orbit Parametrizations for K3 Surfaces

abstract:
  We study moduli spaces of lattice-polarized K3 surfaces in terms of orbits of
representations of algebraic groups. In particular, over an algebraically
closed field of characteristic 0, we show that in many cases, the nondegenerate
orbits of a representation are in bijection with K3 surfaces (up to suitable
equivalence) whose N\'eron-Severi lattice contains a given lattice. An
immediate consequence is that the corresponding moduli spaces of these
lattice-polarized K3 surfaces are all unirational. Our constructions also
produce many fixed-point-free automorphisms of positive entropy on K3 surfaces
in various families associated to these representations, giving a natural
extension of recent work of Oguiso.


title: Maximizing absorption and scattering by dipole particles

abstract:
  This is a review and tutorial paper which discusses the fundamental
limitations on the maximal power which can be received, absorbed, and scattered
by an electrically small electrically polarizable particle and infinite
periodical arrays of such particles.


title:
Systematic Study of Electronic Phases, Band Gaps and Band Overlaps of
  Bismuth Antimony Nanowires

abstract:
  We have developed an iterative one dimensional model to study the narrow
band-gap and the associated non-parabolic dispersion relations for bismuth
antimony nanowires. An analytical approximation has also been developed. Based
on the general model, we have developed, we have calculated and analyzed the
electronic phase diagrams and the band-gap/band-overlap map for bismuth
antimony nanowires, as a function of stoichiometry, growth orientation, and
wire width.

categories: cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.mes-hall math-ph math.MP


title: Method for traveling-wave deceleration of buffer-gas beams of CH

abstract:
  Cryogenic buffer-gas beams are a promising method for producing bright
sources of cold molecular radicals for cold collision and chemical reaction
experiments. In order to use these beams in studies of reactions with
controlled collision energies, or in trapping experiments, one needs a method
of controlling the forward velocity of the beam. A Stark decelerator can be an
effective tool for controlling the mean speed of molecules produced by
supersonic jets, but efficient deceleration of buffer-gas beams presents new
challenges due to longer pulse lengths. Traveling-wave decelerators are
uniquely suited to meet these challenges because of their ability to confine
molecules in three dimensions during deceleration and the versatility afforded
by the analog control of the electrodes. We have created ground state
CH($X^2\Pi$) radicals in a cryogenic buffer-gas cell with the potential to
produce a cold molecular beam of $10^{11}$ mol./pulse. We present a general
protocol for Stark deceleration of beams with large position and velocity
spreads for use with a traveling-wave decelerator. Our method involves
confining molecules transversely with a hexapole for an optimized distance
before deceleration. This rotates the phase-space distribution of the molecular
packet so that the packet is matched to the time varying phase-space acceptance
of the decelerator. We demonstrate with simulations that this method can
decelerate a significant fraction of the molecules in successive wells of a
traveling-wave decelerator to produce energy-tuned beams for cold and
controlled molecule experiments.


title:
Optical-faint, Far-infrared-bright Herschel Sources in the CANDELS
  Fields: Ultra-Luminous Infrared Galaxies at z>1 and the Effect of Source
  Blending

abstract:
  The Herschel very wide-field surveys have charted hundreds of square degrees
in multiple far-IR (FIR) bands. While the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) is
currently the best resource for optical counterpart identifications over such
wide areas, it does not detect a large number of Herschel FIR sources and
leaves their nature undetermined. As a test case, we studied seven
"SDSS-invisible", very bright 250um sources (S_{250} > 55 mJy) in the Cosmic
Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) fields where
we have a rich multi-wavelength data set. We took a new approach to decompose
the FIR sources, using the near-IR or the optical images directly for position
priors. This is an improvement over the previous decomposition efforts where
the priors are from mid-IR data that still suffer from the source blending
problem in the first place. We found that in most cases the single Herschel
sources are made of multiple components that are not necessarily at the same
redshifts. Our decomposition succeeded in identifying and extracting their
major contributors. We show that these are all ULIRGs at z ~ 1--2 whose high
L_IR is mainly due to dust-obscured star formation. Most of them would not be
selected as sub-mm galaxies. They all have complicated morphologies indicative
of merger or violent instability, and their stellar populations are
heterogeneous in terms of stellar masses, ages and formation histories. Their
current ULIRG phases are of various degrees of importance in their stellar mass
assembly. Our practice provides a promising starting point to develop an
automatic routine to reliably study bright Herschel sources.


title: Uniqueness in quadratic and hyperbolic 0-1 programming problems

abstract:
  We analyze the question of deciding whether a quadratic or a hyperbolic 0-1
programming instance has a unique optimal solution. Both uniqueness questions
are known to be NP-hard, but are unlikely to be contained in the class NP. We
precisely pinpoint their computational complexity by showing that they both are
complete for the complexity class {\mbox{$\Delta_2$P}.


title: Carnot-Carath\'eodory Metrics in Unbounded Subdomains of $\mathbb{C}^2$

abstract:
  We introduce a new class of unbounded model subdomains of $\mathbb{C}^2$ for
the $\Box_b$ problem. Unlike previous finite type models, these domains need
not be bounded by algebraic varieties. In this paper we obtain precise global
estimates for the Carnot-Carath\'eodory metric induced on the boundary of such
domains by the real and imaginary parts of the CR vector field.


title: Quantum group spin nets: refinement limit and relation to spin foams

abstract:
  So far spin foam models are hardly understood beyond a few of their basic
building blocks. To make progress on this question, we define analogue spin
foam models, so called spin nets, for quantum groups $\text{SU}(2)_k$ and
examine their effective continuum dynamics via tensor network renormalization.
In the refinement limit of this coarse graining procedure, we find a vast
non-trivial fixed point structure beyond the degenerate and the $BF$ phase. In
comparison to previous work, we use fixed point intertwiners, inspired by
Reisenberger's construction principle [1] and the recent work [2], as the
initial parametrization. In this new parametrization fine tuning is not
required in order to flow to these new fixed points. Encouragingly, each fixed
point has an associated extended phase, which allows for the study of phase
transitions in the future. Finally we also present an interpretation of spin
nets in terms of melonic spin foams. The coarse graining flow of spin nets can
thus be interpreted as describing the effective coupling between two spin foam
vertices or space time atoms.


title: Hamiltonian Monte Carlo for Hierarchical Models

abstract:
  Hierarchical modeling provides a framework for modeling the complex
interactions typical of problems in applied statistics. By capturing these
relationships, however, hierarchical models also introduce distinctive
pathologies that quickly limit the efficiency of most common methods of in-
ference. In this paper we explore the use of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo for
hierarchical models and demonstrate how the algorithm can overcome those
pathologies in practical applications.


title: Numerical calculation of granular entropy

abstract:
  We present numerical simulations that allow us to compute the number of ways
in which $N$ particles can pack into a given volume $V$.
  Our technique modifies the method of Xu et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 245502
(2011)) and outperforms existing direct enumeration methods by more than 200
orders of magnitude. We use our approach to study the system size dependence of
the number of distinct packings of a system of up to 128 poly-disperse soft
disks. We show that, even though granular particles are distinguishable, we
have to include a factor $1/N!$ to ensure that the entropy does not change when
exchanging particles between systems in the same macroscopic state. Our
simulations provide strong evidence that the packing entropy, when properly
defined, is extensive. As different packings are created with unequal
probabilities, it is natural to express the packing entropy as $S=-\sum_i
p_i\ln p_i -\ln N!$, where $p_i$ denotes the probability to generate the $i$-th
packing. We can compute this quantity reliably and it is also extensive. The
granular entropy thus (re)defined, whilst distinct from the one proposed by
Edwards assumed (J. Phys.: Condens.Matter 2, SA63(1990)), does have all the
properties Edwards assumed.


title: A general framework for complete positivity

abstract:
  Complete positivity of quantum dynamics is often viewed as a litmus test for
physicality, yet it is well known that correlated initial states need not give
rise to completely positive evolutions. This observation spurred numerous
investigations over the past two decades attempting to identify necessary and
sufficient conditions for complete positivity. Here we describe a complete and
consistent mathematical framework for the discussion and analysis of complete
positivity for correlated initial states of open quantum systems. This
formalism is built upon a few simple axioms and is sufficiently general to
contain all prior methodologies going back to Pechakas, PRL (1994). The key
observation is that initial system-bath states with the same reduced state on
the system must evolve under all admissible unitary operators to system-bath
states with the same reduced state on the system, in order to ensure that the
induced dynamical maps on the system are well-defined. Once this consistency
condition is imposed, related concepts like the assignment map and the
dynamical maps are uniquely defined. In general, the dynamical maps may not be
applied to arbitrary system states, but only to those in an appropriately
defined physical domain. We show that the constrained nature of the problem
gives rise to not one but three inequivalent types of complete positivity.
Using this framework we elucidate the limitations of recent attempts to provide
conditions for complete positivity using quantum discord and the quantum
data-processing inequality. The problem remains open, and may require fresh
perspectives and new mathematical tools. The formalism presented herein may be
one step in that direction.


title:
Spherical Functions of Fundamental $K$-Types Associated with the
  $n$-Dimensional Sphere

abstract:
  In this paper, we describe the irreducible spherical functions of fundamental
$K$-types associated with the pair
$(G,K)=({\mathrm{SO}}(n+1),{\mathrm{SO}}(n))$ in terms of matrix hypergeometric
functions. The output of this description is that the irreducible spherical
functions of the same $K$-fundamental type are encoded in new examples of
classical sequences of matrix-valued orthogonal polynomials, of size $2$ and
$3$, with respect to a matrix-weight $W$ supported on $[0,1]$. Moreover, we
show that $W$ has a second order symmetric hypergeometric operator $D$.


title:
MPWide: a light-weight library for efficient message passing over wide
  area networks

abstract:
  We present MPWide, a light weight communication library which allows
efficient message passing over a distributed network. MPWide has been designed
to connect application running on distributed (super)computing resources, and
to maximize the communication performance on wide area networks for those
without administrative privileges. It can be used to provide message-passing
between application, move files, and make very fast connections in
client-server environments. MPWide has already been applied to enable
distributed cosmological simulations across up to four supercomputers on two
continents, and to couple two different bloodflow simulations to form a
multiscale simulation.


title: Elliptic Calabi-Yau threefolds over a del Pezzo surface

abstract:
  We consider certain elliptic threefolds over the projective plane (more
generally over certain rational surfaces) with a section in Weierstrass normal
form. In particular, over a del Pezzo surface of degree 8, these elliptic
threefolds are Calabi-Yau threefolds. We will discuss especially the generating
functions of Gromov-Witten and Gopakumar-Vafa invariants.


title: Evolution of Communities with Focus on Stability

abstract:
  Community detection is an important tool for analyzing the social graph of
mobile phone users. The problem of finding communities in static graphs has
been widely studied. However, since mobile social networks evolve over time,
static graph algorithms are not sufficient. To be useful in practice (e.g. when
used by a telecom analyst), the stability of the partitions becomes critical.
We tackle this particular use case in this paper: tracking evolution of
communities in dynamic scenarios with focus on stability. We propose two
modifications to a widely used static community detection algorithm: we
introduce fixed nodes and preferential attachment to pre-existing communities.
We then describe experiments to study the stability and quality of the
resulting partitions on real-world social networks, represented by monthly call
graphs for millions of subscribers.


title: Minimally intersecting filling pairs on surfaces

abstract:
  Let $S_{g}$ denote the closed orientable surface of genus $g$. We construct
exponentially many mapping class group orbits of pairs of simple closed curves
which fill $S_{g}$ and intersect minimally, by showing that such orbits are in
correspondence with the solutions of a certain permutation equation in the
symmetric group. Next, we demonstrate that minimally intersecting filling pairs
are combinatorially optimal, in the sense that there are many simple closed
curves intersecting the pair exactly once. We conclude by initiating the study
of a topological Morse function $\mathcal{F}_{g}$ over the Moduli space of
Riemann surfaces of genus $g$, which, given a hyperbolic metric $\sigma$,
outputs the length of the shortest, minimally intersecting filling pair for the
metric $\sigma$. We completely characterize the global minima of
$\mathcal{F}_{g}$, and using the exponentially many mapping class group orbits
of minimally intersecting filling pairs that we construct in the first portion
of the paper, we show that the number of such minima grow at least
exponentially in $g$.


title:
Characterizing the Rate Region of the (4,3,3) Exact-Repair Regenerating
  Codes

abstract:
  Exact-repair regenerating codes are considered for the case (n,k,d)=(4,3,3),
for which a complete characterization of the rate region is provided. This
characterization answers in the affirmative the open question whether there
exists a non-vanishing gap between the optimal bandwidth-storage tradeoff of
the functional-repair regenerating codes (i.e., the cut-set bound) and that of
the exact-repair regenerating codes. To obtain an explicit information
theoretic converse, a computer-aided proof (CAP) approach based on primal and
dual relation is developed. This CAP approach extends Yeung's linear
programming (LP) method, which was previously only used on information
theoretic problems with a few random variables due to the exponential growth of
the number of variables in the corresponding LP problem. The symmetry in the
exact-repair regenerating code problem allows an effective reduction of the
number of variables, and together with several other problem-specific
reductions, the LP problem is reduced to a manageable scale. For the
achievability, only one non-trivial corner point of the rate region needs to be
addressed in this case, for which an explicit binary code construction is
given.


title:
On Geometric Ergodicity of Additive and Multiplicative Transformation
  Based Markov Chain Monte Carlo in High Dimensions

abstract:
  Recently Dutta and Bhattacharya (2013) introduced a novel Markov Chain Monte
Carlo methodology that can simultaneously update all the components of high
dimensional parameters using simple deterministic transformations of a
one-dimensional random variable drawn from any arbitrary distribution defined
on a relevant support. The methodology, which the authors refer to as
Transformation-based Markov Chain Monte Carlo (TMCMC), greatly enhances
computational speed and acceptance rate in high-dimensional problems. Two
significant transformations associated with TMCMC are additive and
multiplicative transformations. Combinations of additive and multiplicative
transformations are also of much interest. In this work we investigate
geometric ergodicity associated with additive and multiplicative TMCMC, along
with their combinations, and illustrate their efficiency in practice with
simulation studies.


title:
The Anomalous Nambu-Goldstone Theorem in Relativistic/Nonrelativistic
  Quantum Field Theory

abstract:
  The anomalous Nambu-Goldstone (NG) theorem which is found as a violation of
counting law of the number of NG bosons of the normal NG theorem in
nonrelativistic and Lorentz-symmetry-violated relativistic theories is studied
in detail, with emphasis on its mathematical aspect from Lie algebras, geometry
to number theory. The basis of counting law of NG bosons in the anomalous NG
theorem is examined by Lie algebras (local) and Lie groups (global). A
quasi-Heisenberg algebra is found generically in various symmetry breaking
schema of the anomalous NG theorem, and it indicates that it causes a
violation/modification of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation in an NG sector
which can be experimentally confirmed. The formalism of effective potential is
presented for understanding the mechanism of anomalous NG theorem with the aid
of our result of Lie algebras. After an investigation on a bosonic kaon
condensation model with a finite chemical potential as an explicit
Lorentz-symmetry-breaking parameter, a model Lagrangian approach on the
anomalous NG theorem is given for our general discussion. Not only the
condition of the counting law of true NG bosons, but also the mechanism to
generate a mass of massive NG boson is also found by our examination on the
kaon condensation model. Furthermore, the generation of a massive mode in the
NG sector is understood by the quantum uncertainty relation of the Heisenberg
algebra, obtained from a symmetry breaking of a Lie algebra, which realizes in
the effective potential of the kaon condensation model. Hence the relation
between a symmetry breaking scheme, a Heisenberg algebra, a mode-mode coupling,
and the mechanism of mass generation in an NG sector is established. Finally,
some relations between the Riemann hypothesis and the anomalous NG theorem are
presented.


title:
Applications of Many-Core Technologies to On-line Event Reconstruction
  in High Energy Physics Experiments

abstract:
  Interest in many-core architectures applied to real time selections is
growing in High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments. In this paper we describe
performance measurements of many-core devices when applied to a typical HEP
online task: the selection of events based on the trajectories of charged
particles. We use as benchmark a scaled-up version of the algorithm used at CDF
experiment at Tevatron for online track reconstruction - the SVT algorithm - as
a realistic test-case for low-latency trigger systems using new computing
architectures for LHC experiment. We examine the complexity/performance
trade-off in porting existing serial algorithms to many-core devices. We
measure performance of different architectures (Intel Xeon Phi and AMD GPUs, in
addition to NVidia GPUs) and different software environments (OpenCL, in
addition to NVidia CUDA). Measurements of both data processing and data
transfer latency are shown, considering different I/O strategies to/from the
many-core devices.


title: Continuous Emission of A Radiation Quantum

abstract:
  It is in accordance with such experiments as single photon self-interference
that a photon, conveying one radiation energy quantum "$ h \times$ frequency",
is spatially extensive and stretches an electromagnetic wave train. A wave
train, hence an energy quantum, can only be emitted by its source gradually. In
both the two processes the wave and "particle" attributes of the radiation
field are simultaneously prominent, where an overall satisfactory theory has
been lacking. This paper presents a first principles treatment, in a unified
framework of the classical and quantum mechanics, of the latter process, the
emission of a single radiation quantum based on the dynamics of the
radiation-emitting source, a charged oscillator which is itself extensive
across its confining potential well. During the emission of one single
radiation quantum, the extensive charged oscillator undergoes a continuous
radiation damping and is non-stationary. This process is in this work treated
using a quasi stationary approach, whereby the classical equation of motion,
which directly facilitates the correspondence principle for a particle
oscillator, and the quantum wave equation are established for each sufficiently
brief time interval. As an inevitable consequence of the division of the total
time for emitting one single quantum, a fractional Planck constant $h$ is
introduced. The solutions to the two simultaneous equations yield for the
charged oscillator a continuously exponentially decaying Hamiltonian that is at
the same time quantised with respect to the fractional-$h$ at any instant of
time; and the radiation wave field emitted over time stretches a wave train of
finite length. The total system of the source and radiation field maintains at
any time (integer $n$ times) one whole energy quantum, $h \times$ frequency, in
complete accordance with the notion of quantum mechanics and experiment.


title: Hierarchical Reverberation Mapping

abstract:
  Reverberation mapping (RM) is an important technique in studies of active
galactic nuclei (AGN). The key idea of RM is to measure the time lag $\tau$
between variations in the continuum emission from the accretion disc and
subsequent response of the broad line region (BLR). The measurement of $\tau$
is typically used to estimate the physical size of the BLR and is combined with
other measurements to estimate the black hole mass $M_{\rm BH}$. A major
difficulty with RM campaigns is the large amount of data needed to measure
$\tau$. Recently, Fine et al (2012) introduced a new approach to RM where the
BLR light curve is sparsely sampled, but this is counteracted by observing a
large sample of AGN, rather than a single system. The results are combined to
infer properties of the sample of AGN. In this letter we implement this method
using a hierarchical Bayesian model and contrast this with the results from the
previous stacked cross-correlation technique. We find that our inferences are
more precise and allow for more straightforward interpretation than the stacked
cross-correlation results.

categories: astro-ph.IM astro-ph.CO physics.data-an stat.AP


title: Three-sphere free energy for classical gauge groups

abstract:
  In this note, we calculate the $S^3$ free energy $F$ of 3-d ${\cal N}\geq 4$
supersymmetric gauge theories with $U(N)$, $O(N)$, and $USp(2N)$ gauge groups
and matter hypermultiplets in the fundamental and two-index tensor
representations. Supersymmetric localization reduces the computation of $F$ to
a matrix model that we solve in the large $N$ limit using two different
methods. The first method is a saddle point approximation first introduced in
arXiv:1011.5487, which we extend to next-to-leading order in $1/N$. The second
method generalizes the Fermi gas approach of arXiv:1110.4066 to theories with
symplectic and orthogonal gauge groups, and yields an expression for $F$ valid
to all orders in $1/N$. In developing the second method, we use a non-trivial
generalization of the Cauchy determinant formula.


title: Mutations of Fake Weighted Projective Spaces

abstract:
  We characterise mutations between fake weighted projective spaces, and give
explicit formulas for how the weights and multiplicity change under mutation.
In particular, we prove that multiplicity-preserving mutations between fake
weighted projective spaces are mutations over edges of the corresponding
simplices. As an application, we analyse the canonical and terminal fake
weighted projective spaces of maximal degree.


title:
Disk emission and atmospheric absorption lines in black hole candidate
  4U 1630-472

abstract:
  We re-analyzed SUZAKU data of the black hole candidate 4U 1630-472 being in
the high/soft state. We show that the continuum X-ray spectrum of 4U 1630-472
with iron absorption lines can be satisfactorily modeled by the spectrum from
an accretion disk atmosphere. Absorption lines of highly ionized iron
originating in hot accretion disk atmosphere can be an alternative or
complementary explanation to the wind model usually favored for these type of
sources. We model continuum and line spectra using a single model. Absorption
lines of highly ionized iron can origin in upper parts of the disk atmosphere
which is intrinsically hot due to high disk temperature. Iron line profiles
computed with natural, thermal and pressure broadenings match very well
observations. We showed that the accretion disk atmosphere can effectively
produce iron absorption lines observed in 4U 1630-472 spectrum. Absorption line
arising in accretion disk atmosphere is the important part of the observed line
profile, even if there are also other mechanisms responsible for the absorption
features. Nevertheless, the wind theory can be an artifact of the fitting
procedure, when the continuum and lines are fitted as separate model
components.


title: Stanley depth on five generated, squarefree, monomial ideals

abstract:
  Let $I\supsetneq J$ be two squarefree monomial ideals of a polynomial algebra
over a field generated in degree $\geq d$, resp. $\geq d+1$ . Suppose that $I$
is either generated by four squarefree monomials of degrees $d$ and others of
degrees $\geq d+1$, or by five special monomials of degrees $d$. If the Stanley
depth of $I/J$ is $\leq d+1$ then the usual depth of $I/J$ is $\leq d+1$ too.


title:
Herschel HIFI observations of ionised carbon in the {\beta} Pictoris
  debris disk

abstract:
  Context: The dusty debris disk around the $\sim$20 Myr old main-sequence
A-star {\beta} Pictoris is known to contain gas. Evidence points towards a
secondary origin of the gas as opposed to being a direct remnant form the
initial protoplanetary disk, although the dominant gas production mechanism is
so far not identified. The origin of the observed overabundance of C and O
compared to solar abundances of metallic elements, e.g. Na and Fe, is also
unclear. Aims: Our goal is to constrain the spatial distribution of C in the
disk, and thereby the gas origin and its abundance pattern. Methods: We used
the HIFI instrument onboard Herschel to observe and spectrally resolve CII
emission at 158 $\mu$m from the {\beta} Pic debris disk. Assuming Keplerian
rotation, we use the spectrally resolved line profile to constrain the spatial
distribution of the gas. Results: We show that most of the gas is located
around $\sim$100 AU or beyond. We estimate a total C gas mass of
$1.3\times10^{-2}$ M$_\oplus$. The data suggest that more gas is located on the
southwest side of the disk than on the northeast side. The data are consistent
with the hypothesis of a well-mixed gas (constant C/Fe ratio throughout the
disk). Assuming instead a spatial profile expected from a simplified accretion
disk model, we found it to give a significantly worse fit to the observations.
Conclusions: Since the bulk of the gas is found outside 30 AU, we argue that
the cometary objects known as "falling evaporating bodies" are unlikely to be
the dominant source of gas; production from grain-grain collisions or
photodesorption seems more likely. The incompatibility of the observations with
a simplified accretion disk model could favour a preferential depletion
explanation for the overabundance of C and O. More stringent constraints on the
spatial distribution will be available from ALMA observations of CI at 609
$\mu$m.


title: Understanding Alternating Minimization for Matrix Completion

abstract:
  Alternating Minimization is a widely used and empirically successful
heuristic for matrix completion and related low-rank optimization problems.
Theoretical guarantees for Alternating Minimization have been hard to come by
and are still poorly understood. This is in part because the heuristic is
iterative and non-convex in nature. We give a new algorithm based on
Alternating Minimization that provably recovers an unknown low-rank matrix from
a random subsample of its entries under a standard incoherence assumption. Our
results reduce the sample size requirements of the Alternating Minimization
approach by at least a quartic factor in the rank and the condition number of
the unknown matrix. These improvements apply even if the matrix is only close
to low-rank in the Frobenius norm. Our algorithm runs in nearly linear time in
the dimension of the matrix and, in a broad range of parameters, gives the
strongest sample bounds among all subquadratic time algorithms that we are
aware of.
  Underlying our work is a new robust convergence analysis of the well-known
Power Method for computing the dominant singular vectors of a matrix. This
viewpoint leads to a conceptually simple understanding of Alternating
Minimization. In addition, we contribute a new technique for controlling the
coherence of intermediate solutions arising in iterative algorithms based on a
smoothed analysis of the QR factorization. These techniques may be of interest
beyond their application here.


title: The $\mathbb{Z}/2$ ordinary cohomology of $B_G U(1)$

abstract:
  With $G = \mathbb{Z}/2$, we calculate the ordinary $G$-cohomology (with
Burnside ring coefficients) of $\mathbb{C}P_G^\infty = B_GU(1)$, the complex
projective space, a model for the classifying space for $G$-equivariant complex
line bundles. The $RO(G)$-graded ordinary cohomology was calculated by Gaunce
Lewis, but here we extend to a larger grading in order to capture a more
natural set of generators, including the Euler class of the canonical bundle.


title: Invariant sets near singularities of holomorphic foliations

abstract:
  Consider a complex one dimensional foliation on a complex surface near a
singularity $p$. If $\mathcal{I}$ is a closed invariant set containing the
singularity $p$, then $\mathcal{I}$ contains either a separatrix at $p$ or an
invariant real three dimensional manifold singular at $p$.


title: Yang Mills theory and jumping curves

abstract:
  We study a smooth analogue of jumping curves of a holomorphic vector bundle,
and use Yang-Mills theory over $ S ^{2} $ to show that any non-trivial, smooth
Hermitian vector bundle $E $ over a smooth simply connected manifold, must have
such curves. This is used to give new examples complex manifolds for which a
non-trivial holomorphic vector bundle must have jumping curves in the classical
sense, (when $c_1 (E)$ is zero). We also use this to give a new proof a theorem
of Gromov on the norm of curvature of unitary connections, and make the theorem
slightly sharper. Lastly we define a sequence of new non-trivial integer
invariants of smooth manifolds, connected to this theory of smooth jumping
curves, and make some computations of these invariants. Our methods include an
application of the recently developed Morse-Bott chain complex for the
Yang-Mills functional over $S ^{2} $.


title:
Time analyticity with higher norm estimates for the 2D Navier-Stokes
  equations

abstract:
  This paper establishes bounds on norms of all orders for solutions on the
global attractor of the 2D Navier-Stokes equations, complexified in time.
Specifically, for periodic boundary conditions on $[0,L]^2$, and a force
$g\in\calD(A^{\frac{\alpha-1}{2}})$, we show there is a fixed strip about the
real time axis on which a uniform bound $|A^{\alpha}u|<
m_\alpha\nu\kappa_0^\alpha$ holds for each $\alpha \in \bN$. Here $\nu$ is
viscosity, $\k0=2\pi/L$, and $m_\alpha$ is explicitly given in terms of $g$ and
$\alpha$. We show that if any element in $\calA$ is in $\D(A^\alpha)$, then all
of $\calA$ is in $\D(A^\alpha)$, and likewise with $\D(A^\alpha)$ replaced by
$C^\infty(\Omega)$. We demonstrate the universality of this "all for one, one
for all" law on the union of a hierarchal set of function classes. Finally, we
treat the question of whether the zero solution can be in the global attractor
for a nonzero force by showing that if this is so, the force must be in a
particular function class.


title:
Complete permutation polynomials over finite fields of odd
  characteristic

abstract:
  In this paper, we present three classes of complete permutation monomials
over finite fields of odd characteristic. Meanwhile, the compositional inverses
of these complete permutation polynomials are also proposed.


title: Probing Scotogenic Effects in e+e- Colliders

abstract:
  We explore the possibility of employing e+e- colliders to probe the
scotogenic model, in which neutrinos get mass radiatively via one-loop
interactions involving dark matter. Assuming the lightest one of the new
particles in the model to be fermionic cold dark matter and taking into account
various constraints, including those from LHC Higgs experiments, we show that
LEP II data on e+e- scattering into a pair of charged leptons plus missing
energy can place significant extra restrictions on the parameter space
containing sufficiently low masses of the charged scalars in the model. On the
other hand, LEP II data on e+e- collisions into a photon plus missing energy do
not yield strong constraints. The allowed parameter space can still accommodate
Higgs exotic decays into the nonstandard particles and thus is testable at the
LHC. We also consider using future measurements of these two types of e+e-
scattering at the International Linear Collider to examine the scenario of
interest further and find that they can provide complementary information about
it, whether or not they reveal scotogenic effects.


title:
Joint Source-Channel Coding with Time-Varying Channel and
  Side-Information

abstract:
  Transmission of a Gaussian source over a time-varying Gaussian channel is
studied in the presence of time-varying correlated side information at the
receiver. A block fading model is considered for both the channel and the side
information, whose states are assumed to be known only at the receiver. The
optimality of separate source and channel coding in terms of average end-to-end
distortion is shown when the channel is static while the side information state
follows a discrete or a continuous and quasiconcave distribution. When both the
channel and side information states are time-varying, separate source and
channel coding is suboptimal in general. A partially informed encoder lower
bound is studied by providing the channel state information to the encoder.
Several achievable transmission schemes are proposed based on uncoded
transmission, separate source and channel coding, joint decoding as well as
hybrid digital-analog transmission. Uncoded transmission is shown to be optimal
for a class of continuous and quasiconcave side information state
distributions, while the channel gain may have an arbitrary distribution. To
the best of our knowledge, this is the first example in which the uncoded
transmission achieves the optimal performance thanks to the time-varying nature
of the states, while it is suboptimal in the static version of the same
problem. Then, the optimal \emph{distortion exponent}, that quantifies the
exponential decay rate of the expected distortion in the high SNR regime, is
characterized for Nakagami distributed channel and side information states, and
it is shown to be achieved by hybrid digital-analog and joint decoding schemes
in certain cases, illustrating the suboptimality of pure digital or analog
transmission in general.


title: Equidistribution of zeros of random holomorphic sections

abstract:
  We study asymptotic distribution of zeros of random holomorphic sections of
high powers of positive line bundles defined over projective homogenous
manifolds. We work with a wide class of distributions that includes real and
complex Gaussians. As a special case, we obtain asymptotic zero distribution of
multivariate complex polynomials given by linear combinations of orthogonal
polynomials with i.i.d. random coefficients. Namely, we prove that normalized
zero measures of m i.i.d random polynomials, orthonormalized on a regular
compact set $K\subset \Bbb{C}^m,$ are almost surely asymptotic to the
equilibrium measure of $K$.


title: Feynman Diagrams and Rooted Maps

abstract:
  The Rooted Maps Theory, a branch of the Theory of Homology, is shown to be a
powerful tool for investigating the topological properties of Feynman diagrams,
related to the single particle propagator in the quantum many-body systems. The
numerical correspondence between the number of this class of Feynman diagrams
as a function of perturbative order and the number of rooted maps as a function
of the number of edges is studied. A graphical procedure to associate Feynman
diagrams and rooted maps is then stated. Finally, starting from rooted maps
principles, an original definition of the genus of a Feynman diagram, which
totally differs from the usual one, is given.


title: Light third-generation squarks from flavour gauge messengers

abstract:
  We study models of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking with a gauged
horizontal SU(3)_F symmetry acting on the quark superfields. If SU(3)_F is
broken non-supersymmetrically by F-term vacuum expectation values, the massive
gauge bosons and gauginos become messengers for SUSY breaking mediation. These
gauge messenger fields induce a flavour-dependent, negative contribution to the
soft masses of the squarks at one loop. In combination with the soft terms from
standard gauge mediation, one obtains large and degenerate first- and
second-generation squark masses, while the stops and sbottoms are light. We
discuss the implications of this mechanism for the superparticle spectrum and
for flavour precision observables. We also provide an explicit realization in a
model with simultaneous SUSY and SU(3)_F breaking.


title: The Mass-Radius Relation for 65 Exoplanets Smaller than 4 Earth Radii

abstract:
  We study the masses and radii of 65 exoplanets smaller than 4 Earth radii
with orbital periods shorter than 100 days. We calculate the weighted mean
densities of planets in bins of 0.5 Earth radii and identify a density maximum
of 7.6 g/cc at 1.4 Earth radii. Planets with radii up to R = 1.5 Earth radii
increase in density with increasing radius. Above 1.5 Earth radii, planet
density rapidly decreases with increasing radius, indicating that these planets
have a large fraction of volatiles by volume overlying a rocky core. Including
the solar system terrestrial planets with the exoplanets below 1.5 Earth radii,
we find \rho = 2.43 + 3.39 (R/R_E) g cm^-3 for R < 1.5 Earth radii, which is
consistent with rocky compositions. For exoplanets between 1.5 and 4 Earth
radii, we find M/M_E = 2.69 (R/R_E)^0.93. The RMS of planet masses to the fit
between 1.5 and 4 Earth radii is 4.3 M_E with reduced \chi^2 = 6.2. The large
scatter indicates a diversity in planet composition at a given radius. The
compositional diversity can be due to planets of a given volume (as determined
by their large H/He envelopes) containing rocky cores of different masses or
compositions.


title:
The ATLASGAL survey: a catalog of dust condensations in the Galactic
  plane

abstract:
  The formation processes and the evolutionary stages of high-mass stars are
poorly understood compared to low-mass stars. Large-scale surveys are needed to
provide an unbiased census of high column density sites which can potentially
host precursors to high-mass stars. Here we use the ATLASGAL survey covering
420 sq. degree of the Galactic plane at 870 $\mu$m; and use the MRE-GLC method
to identify the population of embedded sources throughout the inner Galaxy. We
identify in total 10861 compact sub-millimeter sources with fluxes above 5
sigma. Completeness tests show that our catalogue is 97% complete above 5 sigma
and >99% complete above 7$\sigma$. We correlate this sample with mid-infrared
point source catalogues (MSX at 21.3 $\mu$m and WISE at 22 $\mu$m) and
determine a lower limit of ~33% that are associated with embedded protostellar
objects. We note that the proportion of clumps associated with mid-infrared
sources increases with increasing flux density, achieving a rather constant
fraction of ~75% of all clumps with fluxes over 5 Jy/beam being associated with
star-formation. Examining the source counts as a function of Galactic longitude
we are able to identify the most prominent star forming regions in the Galaxy.
From the fraction of the likely massive quiescent clumps (~25%) we estimate a
formation time-scale of ~7.5+/-2.5 $\times$ 10$^4$yr for the deeply embedded
phase before the emergence of luminous YSOs. Such a short duration for the
formation of high-mass stars in massive clumps clearly proves that the earliest
phases have to be dynamic with supersonic motions.


title: Epidemic Thresholds with External Agents

abstract:
  We study the effect of external infection sources on phase transitions in
epidemic processes. In particular, we consider an epidemic spreading on a
network via the SIS/SIR dynamics, which in addition is aided by external agents
- sources unconstrained by the graph, but possessing a limited infection rate
or virulence. Such a model captures many existing models of externally aided
epidemics, and finds use in many settings - epidemiology, marketing and
advertising, network robustness, etc. We provide a detailed characterization of
the impact of external agents on epidemic thresholds. In particular, for the
SIS model, we show that any external infection strategy with constant virulence
either fails to significantly affect the lifetime of an epidemic, or at best,
sustains the epidemic for a lifetime which is polynomial in the number of
nodes. On the other hand, a random external-infection strategy, with rate
increasing linearly in the number of infected nodes, succeeds under some
conditions to sustain an exponential epidemic lifetime. We obtain similar sharp
thresholds for the SIR model, and discuss the relevance of our results in a
variety of settings.


title: Anti-correlated Optical Flux and Polarization Variability in BL Lac

abstract:
  We present the results of photometric (V band) and polarimetric observations
of the blazar BL Lac during 2008--2010 using TRISPEC attached to the KANATA
1.5-m telescope in Japan. The data reveal a great deal of variability ranging
from days to months with detection of strong variations in fractional
polarization. The V band flux strongly anti-correlates with the degree of
polarization during the first of two observing seasons but not during the
second. The direction of the electric vector, however, remained roughly
constant during all our observations. These results are consistent with a model
with at least two emission regions being present, with the more variable
component having a polarization direction nearly perpendicular to that of the
relatively quiescent region so that a rising flux can produce a decline in
degree of polarization. We also computed models involving helical jet
structures and single transverse shocks in jets and show that they might also
be able to agree with the anti-correlations between flux and fractional
polarization.


title: Medical Aid for Automatic Detection of Malaria

abstract:
  The analysis and counting of blood cells in a microscope image can provide
useful information concerning to the health of a person. In particular,
morphological analysis of red blood cells deformations can effectively detect
important disease like malaria. Blood images, obtained by the microscope, which
is coupled with a digital camera, are analyzed by the computer for diagnosis or
can be transmitted easily to clinical centers than liquid blood samples.
Automatic analysis system for the presence of Plasmodium in microscopic image
of blood can greatly help pathologists and doctors that typically inspect blood
films manually. Unfortunately, the analysis made by human experts is not rapid
and not yet standardized due to the operators capabilities and tiredness. The
paper shows how effectively and accurately it is possible to identify the
Plasmodium in the blood film. In particular, the paper presents how to enhance
the microscopic image and filter out the unnecessary segments followed by the
threshold based segmentation and recognize the presence of Plasmodium. The
proposed system can be deployed in the remote area as a supporting aid for
telemedicine technology and only basic training is sufficient to operate it.
This system achieved more than 98 percentage accuracy for the samples collected
to test this system.


title:
A model of the steep power law spectra and high-frequency quasi-periodic
  oscillations in luminous black hole X-ray binaries

abstract:
  We propose a new model of the steep power law state of luminous black hole
X-ray binaries. The model uses the fact that at high luminosities, the inner
radii of radiation pressure dominated accretion discs are expected to i) become
effectively optically thin and ii) produce significant luminosities. The gas
temperature therefore rises sharply inwards, producing local saturated Compton
spectra with rapidly increasing peak energy. These spectra sum together to form
a steep power law tail to the spectrum. A given photon energy on this tail
corresponds to a narrow range in radius, so that local vertical oscillations of
the disc naturally produce high quality high-frequency quasi-periodic
oscillations (HFQPOs) in the hard X-ray band. The two lowest order modes have a
robust frequency ratio of ~1.53. This model explains the appearance of steep
power law spectra and HFQPOs at high luminosity, the 3:2 HFQPO frequency
ratios, and their association with the power law spectral component. We predict
an increase in QPO quality factor when the power spectrum is restricted to a
narrower photon energy band, and an increase in HFQPO frequency at higher X-ray
energies or lower luminosities. Future X-ray telescopes could detect additional
HFQPOs from higher order modes. We demonstrate how this model could be used to
measure black hole spin from HFQPOs, and qualitatively estimate the spin of GRO
J1655-40 as a/M ~ 0.4 - 0.7.


title: The multi-wavelength polarization of Cygnus X-1

abstract:
  Polarization measurements of the microquasar Cygnus X-1 exist at gamma-ray,
X-ray, UV, optical and radio frequencies. The gamma-ray emission has been shown
to be highly linearly polarized. Here, we present new infrared polarimetric
data of Cygnus X-1 taken with the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias and the 4.2-m
William Herschel Telescope. We show that the broadband, radio to gamma-ray flux
spectrum and polarization spectrum in the hard state are largely consistent
with a simple phenomenological model of a strongly polarized synchrotron jet,
an unpolarized Comptonized corona and a moderately polarized interstellar dust
component. In this model, the origin of the gamma-ray, X-ray and some of the
infrared polarization is the optically thin synchrotron power law from the
inner regions of the jet. The model requires the magnetic field in this region
to be highly ordered and perpendicular to the axis of the resolved radio jet.
This differs to studies of some other X-ray binaries, in which the magnetic
field is turbulent, variable and aligned with the jet axis. The model is able
to explain the approximate polarization strength and position angle at all
wavelengths including the detected X-ray (3 - 5 keV) polarization, except the
observed position angle of the gamma-ray polarization, which differs to the
model by ~ 60 degrees. Past numerical modelling has shown that a curved
synchrotron spectrum can produce a shift in position angle by ~ 60 degrees,
which may account for this.


title: Three Gravitationally Lensed Supernovae Behind CLASH Galaxy Clusters

abstract:
  We report observations of three gravitationally lensed supernovae (SNe) in
the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) Multi-Cycle
Treasury program. These objects, SN CLO12Car (z = 1.28), SN CLN12Did (z =
0.85), and SN CLA11Tib (z = 1.14), are located behind three different clusters,
MACSJ1720.2+3536 (z = 0.391), RXJ1532.9+3021 (z = 0.345), and Abell 383 (z =
0.187), respectively. Each SN was detected in Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
optical and infrared images. Based on photometric classification, we find that
SNe CLO12Car and CLN12Did are likely to be Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), while
the classification of SN CLA11Tib is inconclusive. Using multi-color
light-curve fits to determine a standardized SN Ia luminosity distance, we
infer that SN CLO12Car was approximately 1.0 +/- 0.2 mag brighter than field
SNe Ia at a similar redshift and ascribe this to gravitational lens
magnification. Similarly, SN CLN12Did is approximately 0.2 +/- 0.2 mag brighter
than field SNe Ia. We derive independent estimates of the predicted
magnification from CLASH strong+weak lensing maps of the clusters: 0.83 +/-
0.16 mag for SN CLO12Car, 0.28 +/- 0.08 mag for SN CLN12Did, and 0.43 +/- 0.11
mag for SN CLA11Tib. The two SNe Ia provide a new test of the cluster lens
model predictions: we find that the magnifications based on the SN Ia
brightness and those predicted by the lens maps are consistent. Our results
herald the promise of future observations of samples of cluster-lensed SNe Ia
(from the ground or space) to help illuminate the dark-matter distribution in
clusters of galaxies, through the direct determination of absolute
magnifications.


title:
ALMA observations of cool dust in a low-metallicity starburst,
  SBS0335-052

abstract:
  We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 0 Band 7
observations of an extremely metal-poor dwarf starburst galaxy in the Local
Universe, SBS0335-052 (12+log(O/H)~7.2). With these observations, dust is
detected at 870micron (ALMA Band 7), but 87% of the flux in this band is due to
free-free emission from the starburst. We have compiled a spectral energy
distribution (SED) of SBS0335-052 that spans almost 6 orders of magnitude in
wavelength and fit it with a spherical dust shell heated by a single-age
stellar population; the best-fit model gives a dust mass of (3.8+/-0.6)x10^4
Msun. We have also constructed a SED including Herschel archival data for
IZw18, another low-metallicity dwarf starburst (12+log(O/H)=7.17), and fit it
with a similar model to obtain a dust mass of (3.4+/-1.0)x10^2 Msun. Compared
with their atomic gas mass, the dust mass of SBS0335-052 far exceeds the
prediction of a linear trend of dust-to-gas mass ratio with metallicity, while
IZw18 falls far below. We use gas scaling relations to assess a putative
missing gas component in both galaxies and find that the missing, possibly
molecular, gas in SBS0335-052 is a factor of 6 times higher than the value
inferred from the observed HI column density; in IZw18 the missing component is
4 times smaller. Ultimately, despite their similarly low metallicity, the
differences in gas and dust column densities in SBS0335-052 and IZw18 suggest
that metal abundance does not uniquely define star-formation processes. At some
level, self-shielding and the survival of molecules may depend just as much on
gas and dust column density as on metallicity. The effects of low metallicity
may at least be partially compensated for by large column densities in the
interstellar medium.


title: The Mass-Concentration-Redshift Relation of Cold Dark Matter Halos

abstract:
  We use the Millennium Simulation series to investigate the mass and redshift
dependence of the concentration of equilibrium cold dark matter (CDM) halos. We
extend earlier work on the relation between halo mass profiles and assembly
histories to show how the latter may be used to predict concentrations for
halos of all masses and at any redshift. Our results clarify the link between
concentration and the ``collapse redshift'' of a halo as well as why
concentration depends on mass and redshift solely through the dimensionless
``peak height'' mass parameter, $\nu(M,z)=\delta_{\rm crit}(z)/\sigma(M,z)$. We
combine these results with analytic mass accretion histories to extrapolate the
$c(M,z)$ relations to mass regimes difficult to reach through direct
simulation. Our model predicts that, at given $z$, $c(M)$ should deviate
systematically from a simple power law at high masses, where concentrations
approach a constant value, and at low masses, where concentrations are
substantially lower than expected from extrapolating published empirical fits.
This correction may reduce the expected self-annihilation boost factor from
substructure by about one order of magnitude. The model also reproduces the
$c(M,z)$ dependence on cosmological parameters reported in earlier work, and
thus provides a simple and robust account of the relation between cosmology and
the mass-concentration-redshift relation of CDM halos.


title: Inflationary Steps in the Planck Data

abstract:
  We extend and improve the modeling and analysis of large-amplitude, sharp
inflationary steps for second order corrections required by the precision of
the Planck CMB power spectrum and for arbitrary Dirac-Born-Infeld sound speed.
With two parameters, the amplitude and frequency of the resulting oscillations,
step models improve the fit by $\Delta \chi^2 = -11.4$. Evidence for
oscillations damping before the Planck beam scale is weak: damping only
improves the fit to $\Delta \chi^2 = -14.0$ for one extra parameter, if step
and cosmological parameters are jointly fit, in contrast to analyses which fix
the latter. Likewise, further including the sound speed as a parameter only
marginally improves the fit to $\Delta \chi^2 = -15.2$ but has interesting
implications for the lowest multipole temperature and polarization anisotropy.
Since chance features in the noise can mimic these oscillatory features, we
discuss tests from polarization power spectra, lensing reconstruction and
squeezed and equilateral bispectra that should soon verify or falsify their
primordial origin.


title:
A Full-sky, High-resolution Atlas of Galactic 12 micron Dust Emission
  with WISE

abstract:
  We describe our custom processing of the entire Wide-field Infrared Survey
Explorer (WISE) 12 micron imaging data set, and present a high-resolution,
full-sky map of diffuse Galactic dust emission that is free of compact sources
and other contaminating artifacts. The principal distinctions between our
resulting co-added images and the WISE Atlas stacks are our removal of compact
sources, including their associated electronic and optical artifacts, and our
preservation of spatial modes larger than 1.5 degrees. We provide access to the
resulting full-sky map via a set of 430 12.5 degree by 12.5 degree mosaics.
These stacks have been smoothed to 15" resolution and are accompanied by
corresponding coverage maps, artifact images, and bit-masks for point sources,
resolved compact sources, and other defects. When combined appropriately with
other mid-infrared and far-infrared data sets, we expect our WISE 12 micron
co-adds to form the basis for a full-sky dust extinction map with angular
resolution several times better than Schlegel et al. (1998).


title:
Accuracy of translation on ribosome could be provided by a resonance of
  intramolecular oscillations in tRNA molecules

abstract:
  X-ray data indicate that complexes of ribosomes with cognate and near cognate
tRNAs are very similar structurally, and this was the ground for a suggestion
that the ribosome discriminates correct codon-anticodon pair because of its
higher stability. Here an alternative explanation of kinetic proofreading is
suggested, and intramolecular oscillations in tRNAs play a keystone role in it.
Resonance of the oscillations allows the cognate codon-anticodon pair to be
conserved due to fast energy transfer to other part of the tRNA molecule. This
mechanism can potentially discriminate correct pair from an incorrect one even
if they have similar stabilities.


title: Robust Two-Qubit Gates for Exchange-Coupled Qubits

abstract:
  We present composite pulse sequences that perform fault-tolerant two-qubit
gate operations on exchange-only quantum dot spin qubits in various
experimentally relevant geometries. We show how to perform dynamically
corrected two-qubit gates in exchange-only systems with the leading hyperfine
error term cancelled. These pulse sequences are constructed to conform to the
realistic experimental constraint of strictly non-negative couplings. We
establish that our proposed pulse sequences lead to several orders of magnitude
improvement in the gate fidelity compared with their uncorrected counterparts.
Together with single-qubit dynamically corrected gates, our results enable
noise-resistant universal quantum operations with exchange-only qubits.


title: Disentangling a group of lensed submm galaxies at z~2.9

abstract:
  MS$\,$0451.6$-$0305 is a rich galaxy cluster whose strong lensing is
particularly prominent at submm wavelengths. We combine new SCUBA-2 data with
imaging from Herschel SPIRE and PACS and HST in order to try to understand the
nature of the sources being lensed. In the region of the "giant submm arc," we
uncover seven multiply imaged galaxies (up from the previously known three), of
which six are found to be at a redshift of $z\sim2.9$, and possibly constitute
an interacting system. Using a novel forward-modelling approach, we are able to
simultaneously deblend and fit SEDs to the individual galaxies that contribute
to the giant submm arc, constraining their dust temperatures, far infrared
luminosities and star formation rates. The submm arc first identified by SCUBA
can now be seen to be composed of at least five distinct sources, four of these
within the galaxy group at $z\sim2.9$. The total unlensed luminosity for this
galaxy group is $(3.1\pm0.3) \times 10^{12}\,\mathrm{L}_\odot$, which gives an
unlensed star formation rate of $(450\pm50)$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$. From the
properties of this system, we see no evidence of evolution towards lower
temperatures in the dust temperature versus far-infrared luminosity relation
for high redshift galaxies.


title:
Investigations of Protostellar Outflow Launching and Gas Entrainment:
  Hydrodynamic Simulations and Molecular Emission

abstract:
  We investigate protostellar outflow evolution, gas entrainment, and star
formation efficiency using radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of isolated,
turbulent low-mass cores. We adopt an X-wind launching model, in which the
outflow rate is coupled to the instantaneous protostellar accretion rate and
evolution. We vary the outflow collimation angle from $\theta$=0.01-0.1 and
find that even well collimated outflows effectively sweep up and entrain
significant core mass. The Stage 0 lifetime ranges from 0.14-0.19 Myr, which is
similar to the observed Class 0 lifetime. The star formation efficiency of the
cores spans 0.41-0.51. In all cases, the outflows drive strong turbulence in
the surrounding material. Although the initial core turbulence is purely
solenoidal by construction, the simulations converge to approximate
equipartition between solenoidal and compressive motions due to a combination
of outflow driving and collapse. When compared to a simulation of a cluster of
protostars, which is not gravitationally centrally condensed, we find that the
outflows drive motions that are mainly solenoidal. The final turbulent velocity
dispersion is about twice the initial value of the cores, indicating that an
individual outflow is easily able to replenish turbulent motions on sub-parsec
scales. We post-process the simulations to produce synthetic molecular line
emission maps of $^{12}$CO, $^{13}$CO, and C$^{18}$O and evaluate how well
these tracers reproduce the underlying mass and velocity structure.


title:
Tensor networks for frustrated systems: emergence of order from simplex
  entanglement

abstract:
  We consider a frustrated anti-ferromagnetic triangular lattice Hamiltonian
and show that the properties of the manifold of its degenerated ground state
are represented by a novel type of tensor networks. These tensor networks are
not based on ancillary maximally entangled pairs, but rather on triangular
W-like simplices. Anti-ferromagnetic triangular frustration is then related to
ancillary W-states in contrast to ferromagnetic order which emerges from the
contraction of GHZ-like triangular simplices. We further discuss the outwards
entangling power of various simplices. This analysis suggests the emergence of
distinct macroscopic types of order from the classification of entanglement
residing on the simplices that define a tensor network.


title: Status and Perspectives of PANDA

abstract:
  Physics with antiprotons in the charmonium mass region will play a major role
at the future PANDA experiment at the FAIR facility in Darmstadt. At PANDA, an
antiproton beam with momenta up to 15 GeV/c circulating in the high-energy
storage ring HESR will interact with a hydrogen target. High interaction rates
and unprecedented momentum precision will allow experiments addressing, among a
variety of other physics goals, hidden and open charm spectroscopy. The
detector system of PANDA is optimized to meet the challenges of high-resolution
spectroscopy of charmonium states of any quantum number in formation and
production with very good background suppression. At the same time, emphasis is
placed on meeting the requirements of other parts of the physics program as,
e.g. spectroscopy of hypernuclei, with a flexible setup of detector components.
This contribution discusses the layout of the PANDA detector. Apart from a
description of the overall layout of the experiment, several novel detector
developments will be described.


title: Moduli-induced Baryogenesis

abstract:
  We study a scenario for baryogenesis in modular cosmology and discuss its
implications for the moduli stabilization mechanism and the supersymmetry
(SUSY) breaking scale. If moduli fields dominate the Universe and decay into
the standard model particles through diatonic couplings, the right amount of
baryon asymmetry can be generated through CP violating decay of gluino into
quark and squark followed by baryon-number violating squark decay. We find
that, in the KKLT-type moduli stabilization, at least two non-perturbative
terms are required to obtain a sizable CP phase, and that the successful
baryogenesis is possible for the soft SUSY breaking mass heavier than O(1) TeV.
A part of the parameter space for successful baryogenesis can be probed at the
collider experiments, dinucleon decay search experiment, and the measurements
of electric dipole moments of neutron and electron. It is also shown that
similar baryogenesis works in the case of the gravitino- or the
saxion-dominated Universe.


title:
Local magnetism and spin correlations in the geometrically frustrated
  cluster magnet LiZn$_2$Mo$_3$O$_8$

abstract:
  LiZn$_2$Mo$_3$O$_8$ has been proposed to contain $S~=~1/2$ Mo$_3$O$_{13}$
magnetic clusters arranged on a triangular lattice with antiferromagnetic
nearest-neighbor interactions. Here, microwave and terahertz electron spin
resonance (ESR), $^7$Li nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and muon spin
rotation ($\mu \textrm{SR}$) spectroscopies are used to characterize the local
magnetic properties of LiZn$_2$Mo$_3$O$_8$. These results show the magnetism in
LiZn$_2$Mo$_3$O$_8$ arises from a single isotropic $S~=~1/2$ electron per
cluster and that there is no static long-range magnetic ordering down to
$T~=~0.07\,\textrm{K}$. Further, there is evidence of gapless spin excitations
with spin fluctuations slowing down as the temperature is lowered. These data
indicate strong spin correlations which, together with previous data, suggest a
low-temperature resonating valence-bond state in LiZn$_2$Mo$_3$O$_8$.


title:
Hopping in the Phase Model to a Non-Commutative Verlinde Formula for
  Affine Fusion

abstract:
  Korff and Stroppel discovered a realization of su(n) affine fusion, the
fusion of the su(n) Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW) conformal field theory,
in the phase model, a limit of the q-boson hopping model. This integrable-model
realization provides a new perspective on affine fusion, explored in a recent
paper by the author. The role of WZNW primary fields is played in it by
non-commutative Schur polynomials, and fusion coefficients are thus given by a
non-commutative version of the Verlinde formula. We present the extension to
all Verlinde dimensions, of arbitrary genus and any number N of points. The
level-dependence of affine fusion is also discussed, using the concept of
threshold level, and its generalization to threshold weight.


title:
An investigation into the Gustafsson limit for small planar antennas
  using optimisation

abstract:
  The fundamental limit for small antennas provides a guide to the
effectiveness of designs. Gustafsson et al, Yaghjian et al, and
Mohammadpour-Aghdam et al independently deduced a variation of the
Chu-Harrington limit for planar antennas in different forms. Using a
multi-parameter optimisation technique based on the ant colony algorithm,
planar, meander dipole antenna designs were selected on the basis of lowest
resonant frequency and maximum radiation efficiency. The optimal antenna
designs across the spectrum from 570 to 1750 MHz occupying an area of $56mm
\times 25mm$ were compared with these limits calculated using the
polarizability tensor. The results were compared with Sievenpiper's comparison
of published planar antenna properties. The optimised antennas have greater
than 90% polarizability compared to the containing conductive box in the range
$0.3<ka<1.1$, so verifying the optimisation algorithm. The generalized
absorption efficiency of the small meander line antennas is less than 50%, and
results are the same for both PEC and copper designs.


title:
A comparison between the YBCO discharge experiments by E. Podkletnov and
  C. Poher, and their theoretical interpretations

abstract:
  Experimental results recently published by C. Poher provide independent
evidence for the anomalous radiation emitted from YBCO electrodes under short,
intense current pulses previously reported by E. Podkletnov. The generation
conditions are somewhat different: lower applied voltage, longer duration of
the pulses, absence of a discharge chamber. The microstructure of the emitter
is also different in the two cases. While Podkletnov's radiation beam is
collimated, Poher's beam is more or less diverging, depending on the emitter
type. In coincidence with the radiation emission Poher measures a strong recoil
of the emitter, with maximum momentum of the order of 1 kg m/s. We compare and
discuss several details of the experiments and give a brief outline of the
proposed theoretical explanations. We also report numerical simulations of the
maximum electromagnetic recoil force on a Josephson junction, as a benchmark
for a possible alternative explanation of the recoil.


title: Constrained Simulation of the Bullet Cluster

abstract:
  In this work, we report on a detailed simulation of the Bullet Cluster
(1E0657-56) merger, including magnetohydrodynamics, plasma cooling, and
adaptive mesh refinement. We constrain the simulation with data from
gravitational lensing reconstructions and 0.5 - 2 keV Chandra X-ray flux map,
then compare the resulting model to higher energy X-ray fluxes, the extracted
plasma temperature map, Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect measurements, and cluster
halo radio emission. We constrain the initial conditions by minimizing the
chi-squared figure of merit between the full 2D observational data sets and the
simulation, rather than comparing only a few features such as the location of
subcluster centroids, as in previous studies. A simple initial configuration of
two triaxial clusters with NFW dark matter profiles and physically reasonable
plasma profiles gives a good fit to the current observational morphology and
X-ray emissions of the merging clusters. There is no need for unconventional
physics or extreme infall velocities. The study gives insight into the
astrophysical processes at play during a galaxy cluster merger, and constrains
the strength and coherence length of the magnetic fields. The techniques
developed here to create realistic, stable, triaxial clusters, and to utilize
the totality of the 2D image data, will be applicable to future simulation
studies of other merging clusters. This approach of constrained simulation,
when applied to well-measured systems, should be a powerful complement to
present tools for understanding X-ray clusters and their magnetic fields, and
the processes governing their formation.


title:
What controls the temperature of a soft mode-driven structural phase
  transition?

abstract:
  We have used an effective model of ferroelectric PbTiO$_{3}$, which displays
a representative soft mode-driven phase transition, to investigate how
different features of the potential-energy surface affect the transition
temperature $T_{\rm C}$. We find that the energy difference between
PbTiO$_{3}$'s high-symmetry (cubic) and low-symmetry (tetragonal) phases (which
we call ground state energy $E_{gs}$) is the parameter that most directly and
strongly determines $T_{\rm C}$. We have also found that other simple features
of the energy landscape, such as the amplitude of the distortion connecting the
high-symmetry and low-symmetry structures, can be used as a predictor for
$T_{\rm C}$ only as long as they are correlated with the magnitude of $E_{gs}$.
We discuss how our results relate to the expected behaviors that can be derived
from simpler theoretical approaches, as well as to phenomenological studies in
the literature. Our findings support the empirical rule for estimating $T_{\rm
C}$ proposed by Abrahams et al. [Physical Review 172, 551 (1968)] and clarify
its physical interpretation. The evidence also suggests that deviations from
the expected behaviors are indicative of complex lattice-dynamical effects
involving strong anharmonic interactions (and possibly competition) between the
soft phonon driving the transition and other modes of the material.


title: Rigorous Confidence Intervals on Critical Thresholds in 3 Dimensions

abstract:
  We extend the method of Balister, Bollob\'as and Walters for determining
rigorous confidence intervals for the critical threshold of two dimensional
lattices to three (and higher) dimensional lattices. We describe a method for
determining a full confidence interval and apply it to show that the critical
threshold for bond percolation on the simple cubic lattice is between 0.2485
and 0.2490 with 99.9999% confidence, and the critical threshold for site
percolation on the same lattice is between 0.3110 and 0.3118 with 99.9999%
confidence.


title: A phononic bandgap shield for high-Q membrane microresonators

abstract:
  A phononic crystal can control the acoustic coupling between a resonator and
its support structure. We micromachine a phononic bandgap shield for high Q
silicon nitride membranes and study the driven displacement spectra of the
membranes and their support structures. We find that inside observed bandgaps
the density and amplitude of non-membrane modes are greatly suppressed, and
membrane modes are shielded from an external mechanical drive by up to 30 dB.


title: Orthogonal bundles and skew-Hamiltonian matrices

abstract:
  Using properties of skew-Hamiltonian matrices and classic connectedness
results, we prove that the moduli space $M_{ort}^0(r,n)$ of stable rank $r$
orthogonal vector bundles on $\mathbb{P}^2$, with Chern classes
$(c_1,c_2)=(0,n)$, and trivial splitting on the general line, is smooth
irreducible of dimension $(r-2)n-{r \choose 2}$ for specific values of $r$ and
$n$.


title: The topology of competitively constructed graphs

abstract:
  We consider a simple game, the $k$-regular graph game, in which players take
turns adding edges to an initially empty graph subject to the constraint that
the degrees of vertices cannot exceed $k$. We show a sharp topological
threshold for this game: for the case $k=3$ a player can ensure the resulting
graph is planar, while for the case $k=4$, a player can force the appearance of
arbitrarily large clique minors.


title:
Bound states of a charged particle in the field of an electric
  quadrupole in two dimensions

abstract:
  The Schr\"odinger equation for a charged particle in the field of a
nonrelativistic electric quadrupole in two dimensions is known to be separable
in spherical coordinates. We investigate the occurrence of bound states of
negative energy and find that the particle can be bound by a quadrupole of any
magnitude. This result is remarkably different from the one for a charged
particle in the field of a nonrelativistic electric dipole in three dimensions
where a minimum value of the dipole strength is necessary for capture. Present
results differ from those obtained earlier by other author.


title: Quantitative nonorientability of embedded cycles

abstract:
  We introduce an invariant linked to some foundational questions in geometric
measure theory and provide bounds on this invariant by decomposing an arbitrary
cycle into uniformly rectifiable pieces. Our invariant measures the difficulty
of cutting a nonorientable closed manifold or mod-2 cycle in $\mathbb{R}^n$
into orientable pieces, and we use it to answer some simple but long-open
questions on filling volumes and mod-$\nu$ currents.


title:
The imaginary and real velocity of an orbiting body based on different
  types of conics sections

abstract:
  In this paper, I introduce general equation of conics sections based on
physical problem on the earth surface in [1]. The conics sections here
(hyperbola and ellips) are generated by all maximum points of parabolas. Based
on it, I derived them to calculate the velocity and kinetic energy for
different types of conics. The main results showed that there is imaginary
velocity if type of conics is hyperbola for r=0, but kinetic energy never be
imaginary, only be negative value if r=0. Mean while, if types of conics is
ellipse, then the velocity is real and kinetic energy always be positive. It is
mathematically unique because only imaginary mass based on special relativity
that can produce negative energy


title: Developments in lattice QCD for matter at high temperature and density

abstract:
  A brief overview of the QCD phase diagram at nonzero temperature and density
is provided. It is explained why standard lattice QCD techniques are not
immediately applicable for its determination, due to the sign problem. We then
discuss a selection of recent lattice approaches that attempt to evade the sign
problem and classify them according to the underlying principle: constrained
simulations (density of states, histograms), holomorphicity (complex Langevin,
Lefschetz thimbles), partial summations (clusters, subsets, bags) and change in
integration order (strong coupling, dual formulations).


title: Collective Modes in Light Nuclei from First Principles

abstract:
  Results for ab initio no-core shell model calculations in a symmetry-adapted
SU(3)-based coupling scheme demonstrate that collective modes in light nuclei
emerge from first principles. The low-lying states of 6Li, 8Be, and 6He are
shown to exhibit orderly patterns that favor spatial configurations with strong
quadrupole deformation and complementary low intrinsic spin values, a picture
that is consistent with the nuclear symplectic model. The results also suggest
a pragmatic path forward to accommodate deformation-driven collective features
in ab initio analyses when they dominate the nuclear landscape.


title: Four-Component Density Matrix Renormalization Group

abstract:
  We present the first implementation of the relativistic quantum chemical two-
and four-component density matrix renormalization group algorithm that includes
a variational description of scalar-relativistic effects and spin-orbit
coupling. Numerical results based on the four-component Dirac-Coulomb
Hamiltonian are presented for the standard reference molecule for correlated
relativistic benchmarks: thallium hydride.

categories: physics.chem-ph cond-mat.str-el physics.comp-ph quant-ph


title:
The Deuterium Fractionation Timescale in Dense Cloud Cores: A Parameter
  Space Exploration

abstract:
  The deuterium fraction [N$_2$D$^+$]/[N$_2$H$^+$], may provide information
about the ages of dense, cold gas structures, important to compare with
dynamical models of cloud core formation and evolution. Here we introduce a
complete chemical network with species containing up to three atoms, with the
exception of the Oxygen chemistry, where reactions involving H$_3$O$^+$ and its
deuterated forms have been added, significantly improving the consistency with
comprehensive chemical networks. Deuterium chemistry and spin states of H$_2$
and H$_3^+$ isotopologues are included in this primarily gas-phase chemical
model. We investigate dependence of deuterium chemistry on model parameters:
density ($n_{\rm H}$), temperature, cosmic ray ionization rate, and gas-phase
depletion factor of heavy elements ($f_{\rm D}$). We also explore the effects
of time-dependent freeze-out of gas-phase species and dynamical evolution of
density at various rates relative to free-fall collapse. For a broad range of
model parameters, the timescales to reach large values of $D_{\rm frac}^{\rm
N_2H^+} \gtrsim 0.1$, observed in some low- and high-mass starless cores, are
relatively long compared to the local free-fall timescale. These conclusions
are unaffected by introducing time-dependent freeze-out and considering models
with evolving density, unless the initial $f_{\rm D} \gtrsim$ 10. For fiducial
model parameters, achieving $D_{\rm frac}^{\rm N_2H^+} \gtrsim 0.1$ requires
collapse to be proceeding at rates at least several times slower than that of
free-fall collapse, perhaps indicating a dynamically important role for
magnetic fields in the support of starless cores and thus the regulation of
star formation.


title: Rank-Modulation Rewrite Coding for Flash Memories

abstract:
  The current flash memory technology focuses on the cost minimization of its
static storage capacity. However, the resulting approach supports a relatively
small number of program-erase cycles. This technology is effective for consumer
devices (e.g., smartphones and cameras) where the number of program-erase
cycles is small. However, it is not economical for enterprise storage systems
that require a large number of lifetime writes. The proposed approach in this
paper for alleviating this problem consists of the efficient integration of two
key ideas: (i) improving reliability and endurance by representing the
information using relative values via the rank modulation scheme and (ii)
increasing the overall (lifetime) capacity of the flash device via rewriting
codes, namely, performing multiple writes per cell before erasure. This paper
presents a new coding scheme that combines rank modulation with rewriting. The
key benefits of the new scheme include: (i) the ability to store close to 2
bits per cell on each write with minimal impact on the lifetime of the memory,
and (ii) efficient encoding and decoding algorithms that make use of
capacity-achieving write-once-memory (WOM) codes that were proposed recently.


title: Evolution prediction from tomography

abstract:
  Quantum process tomography provides a means of measuring the evolution
operator for a system at a fixed measurement time $t$. The problem of using
that tomographic snapshot to predict the evolution operator at other times is
generally ill-posed since there are, in general, infinitely many distinct and
compatible solutions. We describe the prediction, in some ``maximal ignorance''
sense, of the evolution of a quantum system based on knowledge only of the
evolution operator for finitely many times $0<\tau_{1}<\dots<\tau_{M}$ with
$M\geq 1$. To resolve the ill-posedness problem, we construct this prediction
as the result of an average over some unknown (and unknowable) variables. The
resulting prediction provides a description of the observer's state of
knowledge of the system's evolution at times away from the measurement times.
Even if the original evolution is unitary, the predicted evolution is described
by a non-unitary, completely positive map.


title:
Characterizing Quasars in the Mid-infrared: High Signal-to-Noise
  Spectral Templates

abstract:
  Mid-infrared (MIR) quasar spectra exhibit a suite of emission features
including high ionization coronal lines from the narrow line region illuminated
by the ionizing continuum, broad dust bumps from silicates and graphites, and
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features from star formation in the host
galaxy. However, in Spitzer Infared Spectrograph (IRS) data, few features are
detected in most individual spectra because of typically low signal-to-noise
ratios (S/N). By generating spectral composites from over 180 IRS observations
of Sloan Digital Sky Survey broad-line quasars, we boost the S/N and reveal
features in the complex spectra that are otherwise lost in the noise. In
addition to an overall composite, we generate composites in three different
luminosity bins that span the range of 5.6 micron luminosities of
10$^{40}$--10$^{46}$ (erg~s$^{-1}$). We detect the high-ionization, forbidden
emission lines of [SIV], [OIV], and [NeV] 14 micron in all templates and PAH
features in all but the most luminous template. Ratios of lines with a range of
ionization potentials show no evidence for a strong difference in the shape of
the 41--97 eV ionizing continuum over this range of luminosities. The scaling
of the emission-line luminosities as a function of continuum luminosity is
consistent with what is expected, and shows no indication of a ``disappearing
narrow-line region.'' The broad 10 and 18 micron silicate features in emission
increase in strength with increasing luminosity, and a broad 3--5 micron black
body consistent with graphite emission at 750 K is evident in the highest
luminosity template. We find that the intrinsic quasar continua for all
luminosity templates are consistent; apparent differences arise primarily from
host galaxy contamination most evident at low luminosity.


title: Generalised Scale Invariant Theories

abstract:
  We present the most general actions of a single scalar field and two scalar
fields coupled to gravity, consistent with second order field equations in four
dimensions, possessing local scale invariance. We apply two different methods
to arrive at our results. One method, Ricci gauging, was known to the
literature and we find this to produce the same result for the case of one
scalar field as a more efficient method presented here. However, we also find
our more efficient method to be much more general when we consider two scalar
fields. Locally scale invariant actions are also presented for theories with
more than two scalar fields coupled to gravity and we explain how one could
construct the most general actions for any number of scalar fields. Our
generalised scale invariant actions have obvious applications to early universe
cosmology, and include, for example, the Bezrukov-Shaposhnikov action as a
subset.


title: Multilinguals and Wikipedia Editing

abstract:
  This article analyzes one month of edits to Wikipedia in order to examine the
role of users editing multiple language editions (referred to as multilingual
users). Such multilingual users may serve an important function in diffusing
information across different language editions of the encyclopedia, and prior
work has suggested this could reduce the level of self-focus bias in each
edition. This study finds multilingual users are much more active than their
single-edition (monolingual) counterparts. They are found in all language
editions, but smaller-sized editions with fewer users have a higher percentage
of multilingual users than larger-sized editions. About a quarter of
multilingual users always edit the same articles in multiple languages, while
just over 40% of multilingual users edit different articles in different
languages. When non-English users do edit a second language edition, that
edition is most frequently English. Nonetheless, several regional and
linguistic cross-editing patterns are also present.


title:
Laboratory Studies on the Removal of Radon-Born Lead from KamLAND's
  Organic Liquid Scintillator

abstract:
  The removal of radioactivity from liquid scintillator has been studied in
preparation of a low background phase of KamLAND. This paper describes the
methods and techniques developed to measure and efficiently extract radon decay
products from liquid scintillator. We report the radio-isotope reduction
factors obtained when applying various extraction methods. During this study,
distillation was identified as the most efficient method for removing radon
daughters from liquid scintillator.


title:
HiRes Deconvolved Spitzer Images of 89 Protostellar Jets and Outflows:
  New Data on Evolution of Outflow Morphology

abstract:
  To study the role of protosellar jets and outflows in the time evolution of
the parent cores and the protostars, the astronomical community needs a large
enough data base of infrared images of protostars at the highest spatial
resolution possible, to reveal the details of their morphology. Spitzer
provides unprecedented sensitivity in the infrared to study both the jet and
outflow features, however its spatial resolution is limited by its 0.85m
mirror. Here we use a high resolution deconvolution algorithm, "HiRes", to
improve the visualization of spatial morphology by enhancing resolution (to
sub-arcsecond levels in the IRAC bands) and removing the contaminating
sidelobes from bright sources in a sample of 89 protostellar objects. These
reprocessed images are useful to detect: (i) wide angle outflow seen in
scattered light; (ii) morphological details of H2 emission in jets and bow
shocks; and (iii) compact features in MIPS 24 micron images as protostar/ disk
and atomic/ionic line emissions associated with the jets. The HiRes fits image
data of such a large homogeneous sample presented here will be useful to the
community in studying these protostellar objects. To illustrate the utility of
this HiRes sample, we show how the opening angle of the wide angle outflows in
31 sources, all observed in the HiRes processed Spitzer images, correlates with
age. Our data suggest a power law fit to opening angle versus age with an
exponent of ~0.32 and 0.02, respectively for ages less than 8000 yr and greater
than 8000 yr.


title: Attacks on Fixed Apparatus Quantum Key Distribution Schemes

abstract:
  We consider quantum key distribution implementations in which the receiver's
apparatus is fixed and does not depend on his choice of basis at each qubit
transmission. We show that, although theoretical quantum key distribution is
proven secure, such implementations are totally insecure against a strong
eavesdropper that has one-time (single) access to the receiver's equipment. The
attack we present here, the "fixed-apparatus attack" causes a potential risk to
the usefulness of several recent implementations.


title:
Geometric phase and Pancharatnam phase induced by light wave
  polarization

abstract:
  We use the quantum kinematic approach to revisit geometric phases associated
with polarizing processes of a monochromatic light wave. We give the
expressions of geometric phases for any, unitary or non-unitary, cyclic or
non-cyclic transformations of the light wave state. Contrarily to the usually
considered case of absorbing polarizers, we found that a light wave passing
through a polarizer may acquire in general a non zero geometric phase. This
geometric phase exists despite the fact that initial and final polarization
states are in phase according to the Pancharatnam criterion and can not be
measured using interferometric superposition. Consequently, there is a
difference between the Pancharatnam phase and the complete geometric phase
acquired by a light wave passing through a polarizer. We illustrate our work
with the particular example of total reflection based polarizers.


title:
Continuous variable entanglement swapping and its local certification:
  entangling distant mechanical modes

abstract:
  We introduce a modification of the standard entanglement swapping protocol
where the generation of entanglement between two distant modes is realized and
verified using only local optical measurements. We show, indeed, that a simple
condition on the purity of the initial state involving also an ancillary mode
is sufficient to guarantee the success of the protocol by local measurements
{M. Abdi \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{109}, 143601 (2012)}]. We
apply the proposed protocol to a tripartite optomechanical system where the
never interacting mechanical modes become entangled and certified using only
local optical measurements.


title: Mechanism of local dynamo action on the Sun

abstract:
  In the quiet Sun, magnetic fields are usually observed as small-scale
magnetic elements, `salt and pepper', covering the entire solar surface. By
using 3D radiative MHD numerical simulations we demonstrate that these fields
are a result of local dynamo action in the top layers of the convection zone,
where extremely weak `seed' magnetic fields can locally grow above the mean
equipartition field (e.g., from a $10^{-6}$ G `seed' field to more than 1000 G
magnetic structures). We find that the local dynamo action takes place only in
a shallow, about 500 km deep, subsurface layer, from which the generated field
is transported into deeper layers by convection downdrafts. We demonstrate that
the observed dominance of vertical magnetic fields at the photosphere and the
horizontal fields above the photosphere can be explained by multi-scale
magnetic loops produced by the dynamo.


title:
Convergence rate to a lower tail dependence coefficient of a skew-t
  distribution

abstract:
  We examine the rate of decay to the limit of the tail dependence coefficient
of a bivariate skew t distribution which always displays asymptotic tail
dependence. It contains as a special case the usual bivariate symmetric t
distribution, and hence is an appropriate (skew) extension. The rate is
asymptotically power-law. The second-order structure of the univariate quantile
function for such a skew-t distribution is a central issue.


title: TRAIL: Topology Authentication in RPL

abstract:
  The IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) was recently
introduced as the new routing standard for the Internet of Things. Although RPL
defines basic security modes, it remains vulnerable to topological attacks
which facilitate blackholing, interception, and resource exhaustion. We are
concerned with analyzing the corresponding threats and protecting future RPL
deployments from such attacks.
  Our contributions are twofold. First, we analyze the state of the art, in
particular the protective scheme VeRA and present two new rank order attacks as
well as extensions to mitigate them. Second, we derive and evaluate TRAIL, a
generic scheme for topology authentication in RPL. TRAIL solely relies on the
basic assumptions of RPL that (1) the root node serves as a trust anchor and
(2) each node interconnects to the root as part of a hierarchy. Using proper
reachability tests, TRAIL scalably and reliably identifies any topological
attacker without strong cryptographic efforts.


title:
Conserved quantities in general relativity: from the quasi-local level
  to spatial infinity

abstract:
  We define quasi-local conserved quantities in general relativity by using the
optimal isometric embedding in [26] to transplant Killing fields in the
Minkowski spacetime back to the 2-surface of interest in a physical spacetime.
To each optimal isometric embedding, a dual element of the Lie algebra of the
Lorentz group is assigned. Quasi-local angular momentum and quasi-local center
of mass correspond to pairing this element with rotation Killing fields and
boost Killing fields, respectively. They obey classical transformation laws
under the action of the Poincar\'e group. We further justify these definitions
by considering their limits as the total angular momentum and the total center
of mass of an isolated system. These expressions were derived from the
Hamilton-Jacobi analysis of gravitation action and thus satisfy conservation
laws. As a result, we obtained an invariant total angular momentum theorem in
the Kerr spacetime. For a vacuum asymptotically flat initial data set of order
$1$, it is shown that the limits are always finite without any extra
assumptions. We also study these total conserved quantities on a family of
asymptotically flat initial data sets evolving by the vacuum Einstein evolution
equation. It is shown that the total angular momentum is conserved under the
evolution. For the total center of mass, the classical dynamical formula
relating the center of mass, energy, and linear momentum is recovered, in the
nonlinear context of initial data sets evolving by the vacuum Einstein
evolution equation. The definition of quasi-local angular momentum provides an
answer to the second problem in classical general relativity on Penrose's list
[18].


title:
The short-time Fourier transform of distributions of exponential type
  and Tauberian theorems for shift-asymptotics

abstract:
  We study the short-time Fourier transform on the space
$\mathcal{K}_{1}'(\mathbb{R}^n)$ of distributions of exponential type. We give
characterizations of $\mathcal{K}_{1}'(\mathbb{R}^n)$ and some of its subspaces
in terms of modulation spaces. We also obtain various Tauberian theorems for
the short-time Fourier transform.