title:
Beyond journals and peer review: towards a more flexible ecosystem for
  scholarly communication

abstract:
  This article challenges the assumption that journals and peer review are
essential for developing,evaluating and disseminating scientific and other
academic knowledge. It suggests a more flexible ecosystem, and examines some of
the possibilities this might facilitate. The market for academic outputs should
be opened up by encouraging the separation of the dissemination service from
the evaluation service. Publishing research in subject-specific journals
encourages compartmentalising research into rigid categories. The dissemination
of knowledge would be better served by an open access, web-based repository
system encompassing all disciplines. There would then be a role for
organisations to assess the items in this repository to help users find
relevant, high-quality work. There could be a variety of such organisations
which could enable reviews from peers to be supplemented with evaluation by
non-peers from a variety of different perspectives: user reviews, statistical
reviews, reviews from the perspective of different disciplines, and so on. This
should reduce the inevitably conservative influence of relying on two or three
peers, and make the evaluation system more critical, multi-dimensional and
responsive to the requirements of different audience groups, changing
circumstances, and new ideas. Non-peer review might make it easier to challenge
dominant paradigms, and expanding the potential audience beyond a narrow group
of peers might encourage the criterion of simplicity to be taken more seriously
- which is essential if human knowledge is to continue to progress. Keywords:
Academic journals, Growth of knowledge, Non-peer review, Paradigm change, Peer
review,Scholarly communication, Science communication, Simplicity.


title:
Probing the Cosmic Gamma-Ray Burst Rate with Trigger Simulations of the
  Swift Burst Alert Telescope

abstract:
  The gamma-ray burst (GRB) rate is essential for revealing the connection
between GRBs, supernovae and stellar evolution. Additionally, the GRB rate at
high redshift provides a strong probe of star formation history in the early
universe. While hundreds of GRBs are observed by Swift, it remains difficult to
determine the intrinsic GRB rate due to the complex trigger algorithm of Swift.
Current studies of the GRB rate usually approximate the Swift trigger algorithm
by a single detection threshold. However, unlike the previously flown GRB
instruments, Swift has over 500 trigger criteria based on photon count rate and
additional image threshold for localization. To investigate possible systematic
biases and explore the intrinsic GRB properties, we develop a program that is
capable of simulating all the rate trigger criteria and mimicking the image
threshold. Our simulations show that adopting the complex trigger algorithm of
Swift increases the detection rate of dim bursts. As a result, our simulations
suggest bursts need to be dimmer than previously expected to avoid
over-producing the number of detections and to match with Swift observations.
Moreover, our results indicate that these dim bursts are more likely to be high
redshift events than low-luminosity GRBs. This would imply an even higher
cosmic GRB rate at large redshifts than previous expectations based on
star-formation rate measurements, unless other factors, such as the luminosity
evolution, are taken into account. The GRB rate from our best result gives a
total number of 4571^{+829}_{-1584} GRBs per year that are beamed toward us in
the whole universe.
  SPECIAL NOTE (2015.05.16): This new version incorporates an erratum. All the
GRB rate normalizations ($R_{\rm GRB}(z=0)$) should be a factor of 2 smaller
than previously reported. Please refer to the Appendix for more details. We
sincerely apologize for the mistake.


title:
Investigating corrections to a Gaussian distribution of the complex
  phase

abstract:
  It has been suggested that the density of states approach to performing
lattice simulations in QCD with nonzero chemical potential can be modified to
improve the signal to noise ratio by performing a cumulant expansion of the
complex phase of the fermion determinant, and then simplified by truncating the
expansion after the first non-zero cumulant. This truncation corresponds to
approximating the distribution of the complex phase of the fermion determinant
by a Gaussian form. The crucial question is: how large are the other cumulants?
We calculate the distribution of the complex phase from the hadron resonance
gas model and from a combined lattice strong coupling and hopping expansion. In
the case of the hadron resonance gas model the distribution takes a Gaussian
form, but from the strong coupling and hopping expansion there are corrections.
We discuss the implications to lattice simulations.


title:
Chemical Cartography with APOGEE: Large-scale Mean Metallicity Maps of
  the Milky Way

abstract:
  We present Galactic mean metallicity maps derived from the first year of the
SDSS-III APOGEE experiment. Mean abundances in different zones of
Galactocentric radius (0 < R < 15 kpc) at a range of heights above the plane (0
< |z| < 3 kpc), are derived from a sample of nearly 20,000 stars with
unprecedented coverage, including stars in the Galactic mid-plane at large
distances. We also split the sample into subsamples of stars with low and
high-[{\alpha}/M] abundance ratios. We assess possible biases in deriving the
mean abundances, and find they are likely to be small except in the inner
regions of the Galaxy. A negative radial gradient exists over much of the
Galaxy; however, the gradient appears to flatten for R < 6 kpc, in particular
near the Galactic mid-plane and for low-[{\alpha}/M] stars. At R > 6 kpc, the
gradient flattens as one moves off of the plane, and is flatter at all heights
for high-[{\alpha}/M] stars than for low-[{\alpha}/M] stars. Alternatively,
these gradients can be described as vertical gradients that flatten at larger
Galactocentric radius; these vertical gradients are similar for both low and
high-[{\alpha}/M] populations. Stars with higher [{\alpha}/M] appear to have a
flatter radial gradient than stars with lower [{\alpha}/M]. This could suggest
that the metallicity gradient has grown steeper with time or, alternatively,
that gradients are washed out over time by migration of stars.


title: Numerical modeling of friction stir welding process: a literature review

abstract:
  This survey presents a literature review on friction stir welding (FSW)
modeling with a special focus on the heat generation due to the contact
conditions between the FSW tool and the workpiece. The physical process is
described and the main process parameters that are relevant to its modeling are
highlighted. The contact conditions (sliding/sticking) are presented as well as
an analytical model that allows estimating the associated heat generation. The
modeling of the FSW process requires the knowledge of the heat loss mechanisms,
which are discussed mainly considering the more commonly adopted formulations.
Different approaches that have been used to investigate the material flow are
presented and their advantages/drawbacks are discussed. A reliable FSW process
modeling depends on the fine tuning of some process and material parameters.
Usually, these parameters are achieved with base on experimental data. The
numerical modeling of the FSW process can help to achieve such parameters with
less effort and with economic advantages.


title:
Holding spatial solitons in a pumped cavity with the help of nonlinear
  potentials

abstract:
  We introduce a one-dimensional model of a cavity with the Kerr nonlinearity
and saturated gain, designed so as to keep solitons in the state of shuttle
motion. The solitons are always unstable in the cavity bounded by the usual
potential barriers, due to accumulation of noise generated by the linear gain.
Complete stabilization of the shuttling soliton is achieved if the linear
barrier potentials are replaced by nonlinear ones, which trap the soliton,
being transparent to the radiation. The removal of the noise from the cavity is
additionally facilitated by an external ramp potential. The stable dynamical
regimes are found numerically, and their basic properties are explained
analytically.


title:
3-D position estimation from inertial sensing: minimizing the error from
  the process of double integration of accelerations

abstract:
  This paper introduces a new approach to 3-D position estimation from
acceleration data, i.e., a 3-D motion tracking system having a small size and
low-cost magnetic and inertial measurement unit (MIMU) composed by both a
digital compass and a gyroscope as interaction technology. A major challenge is
to minimize the error caused by the process of double integration of
accelerations due to motion (these ones have to be separated from the
accelerations due to gravity). Owing to drift error, position estimation cannot
be performed with adequate accuracy for periods longer than few seconds. For
this reason, we propose a method to detect motion stops and only integrate
accelerations in moments of effective hand motion during the demonstration
process. The proposed system is validated and evaluated with experiments
reporting a common daily life pick-and-place task.


title:
Off-line Programming and Simulation from CAD Drawings: Robot-Assisted
  Sheet Metal Bending

abstract:
  Increasingly, industrial robots are being used in production systems. This is
because they are highly flexible machines and economically competitive with
human labor. The problem is that they are difficult to program. Thus,
manufacturing system designers are looking for more intuitive ways to program
robots, especially using the CAD drawings of the production system they
developed. This paper presents an industrial application of a novel CAD-based
off-line robot programming (OLP) and simulation system in which the CAD package
used for cell design is also used for OLP and robot simulation. Thus, OLP
becomes more accessible to anyone with basic knowledge of CAD and robotics. The
system was tested in a robot-assisted sheet metal bending cell. Experiments
allowed identifying the pros and cons of the proposed solution.


title: The 21-cm Signal from the Cosmological Epoch of Recombination

abstract:
  The redshifted 21-cm emission by neutral hydrogen offers a unique tool for
mapping structure formation in the early universe in three dimensions. Here we
provide the first detailed calculation of the 21-cm emission signal during and
after the epoch of hydrogen recombination in the redshift range of z ~
500-1,100, corresponding to observed wavelengths of 100-230 meters. The 21-cm
line deviates from thermal equilibrium with the cosmic microwave background
(CMB) due to the excess Ly-alpha radiation from hydrogen and helium
recombinations. The resulting 21-cm signal reaches a brightness temperature of
a milli-Kelvin, orders of magnitude larger than previously estimated. Its
detection by a future lunar or space-based observatory could improve
dramatically the statistical constraints on the cosmological initial conditions
compared to existing two-dimensional maps of the CMB anisotropies.


title: Almost Commuting Orthogonal Matrices

abstract:
  We show that almost commuting real orthogonal matrices are uniformly close to
exactly commuting real orthogonal matrices. We prove the same for symplectic
unitary matrices. This is in contrast to the general complex case, where not
all pairs of almost commuting unitaries are close to commuting pairs. Our
techniques also yield results about almost normal matrices over the reals and
the quaternions.


title: Metallicity evolution, metallicity gradients and gas fractions at z~3.4

abstract:
  We used near-infrared integral field spectroscopic observations from the
AMAZE and LSD programs to constrain the metallicity in a sample of 40 star
forming galaxies at 3<z<5 (most of which at z~3.4). We measure metallicities by
exploiting strong emission line diagnostics. We found that a significant
fraction of star-forming galaxies at z~3.4 deviate from the Fundamental
Metallicity Relation (FMR), with a metallicity up to a factor of ten lower than
expected according to the FMR. This deviation does not correlate with the
dynamical properties of the galaxy or with the presence of interactions. To
investigate the origin of the metallicity deviations in more detail, we also
infer information on the gas content, by inverting the Schmidt-Kennicutt
relation. In agreement with recent CO observational data, we found that, in
contrast with the steeply rising trend at 0<z<2, the gas fraction in massive
galaxies remains constant, with indication of a marginal decline, at 2<z<3.5.
When combined with the metallicity information, we infer that to explain both
the low metallicity and gas content in z~3.4 galaxies, both prominent outflows
and massive pristine gas inflows are needed. In ten galaxies we can also
spatially resolve the metallicity distribution. We found that the metallicity
generally anticorrelates with the distribution of star formation and with the
gas surface density. We discuss these findings in terms of pristine gas inflows
towards the center, and outflows of metal rich gas from the center toward the
external regions. (Abridged)


title:
A multiphase equation of state for carbon addressing high pressures and
  temperatures

abstract:
  We present a 5-phase equation of state (EOS) for elemental carbon. The phases
considered are: diamond, BC8, simple-cubic, simple-hexagonal, and the
liquid/plasma state. The solid phase free energies are constrained by density
functional theory (DFT) calculations. Vibrational contributions to the free
energy of each solid phase are treated within the quasiharmonic framework. The
liquid free energy model is constrained by fitting to a combination of DFT
molecular dynamics performed over the range 10,000 K < T < 100,000 K, and path
integral quantum Monte Carlo calculations for T > 100,000 K (both for {\rho}
between 3 and 12 g/cc, with select higher-{\rho} DFT calculations as well). The
liquid free energy model includes an atom-in-jellium approach to account for
the effects of ionization due to temperature and pressure in the plasma state,
and an ion-thermal model which includes the approach to the ideal gas limit.
The precise manner in which the ideal gas limit is reached is greatly
constrained by both the highest temperature DFT data and the path integral
data, forcing us to discard an ion-thermal model we had used previously in
favor of a new one. Predictions are made for the principal Hugoniot and the
room-temperature isotherm, and comparisons are made to recent experimental
results.


title: Statistics of Extreme Waves in Random Media

abstract:
  Waves traveling through random media exhibit random focusing that leads to
extremely high wave intensities even in the absence of nonlinearities. Although
such extreme events are present in a wide variety of physical systems and the
statistics of the highest waves is important for their analysis and forecast,
it remains poorly understood in particular in the regime where the waves are
highest. We suggest a new approach that greatly simplifies the mathematical
analysis and calculate the scaling and the distribution of the highest waves
valid for a wide range of parameters.


title:
Self-consistent physical parameters for five intermediate-age SMC
  stellar clusters from CMD modelling

abstract:
  Context. Stellar clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) are useful
probes for studying the chemical and dynamical evolution of this neighbouring
dwarf galaxy, enabling inspection of a large period covering over 10 Gyr. Aims:
The main goals of this work are the derivation of age, metallicity, distance
modulus, reddening, core radius, and central density profiles for six sample
clusters, in order to place them in the context of the Small Cloud evolution.
The studied clusters are AM 3, HW 1, HW 34, HW 40, Lindsay 2, and Lindsay 3; HW
1, HW 34, and Lindsay 2 are studied for the first time. Methods: Optical
colour-magnitude diagrams (V,B - V CMDs) and radial density profiles were built
from images obtained with the 4.1 m Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR)
telescope, reaching V ~ 23. The determination of structural parameters were
carried out by applying King profile fitting. The other parameters were derived
in a self-consistent way by means of isochrone fitting, which uses likelihood
statistics to identify the synthetic CMDs that best reproduce the observed
ones. Membership probabilities were determined comparing the cluster and
control field CMDs. Completeness and photometric uncertainties were obtained by
performing artificial star tests. Results: The results confirm that these
clusters (except HW 34, identified as a field fluctuation) are intermediate-age
clusters, with ages between 1.2 Gyr (Lindsay 3) and ~5.0 Gyr (HW 1). In
particular HW 1, Lindsay 2 and Lindsay 3 are located in a region that we called
West Halo, where studies of ages and metallicity gradients are still lacking.
Moreover, Lindsay 2 was identified as a moderately metal-poor cluster with
[Fe/H] = -1.4 +/- 0.2 dex, lower than expected from the age-metallicity
relation by Pagel & Tautvaisiene (1998). We also found distances varying from
~53 kpc to 66 kpc, compatible with the large depth of the SMC.


title: Snowmass 2013 Computing Frontier Storage and Data Management

abstract:
  The data storage and data management needs are summarized for the energy
frontier, intensity frontier, cosmic frontier, lattice field theory,
perturbative QCD and accelerator science. The outlook for data storage
technologies and costs is then outlined, followed by a summary of the current
state of data, software and physics analysis capability preservation. The HEP
outlook is summarized, pointing out where future data volumes may strain
against what is technologically and financially feasible. Finally
recommendations for areas of particular attention and action are made.


title: Application of the Wasserstein metric to seismic signals

abstract:
  Seismic signals are typically compared using travel time difference or $L_2$
difference. We propose the Wasserstein metric as an alternative measure of
fidelity or misfit in seismology. It exhibits properties from both of the
traditional measures mentioned above. The numerical computation is based on the
recent development of fast numerical methods for the Monge-Ampere equation and
optimal transport. Applications to waveform inversion and registration are
discussed and simple numerical examples are presented.


title:
On the range of the attenuated magnetic ray transform for connections
  and Higgs fields

abstract:
  For a two-dimensional simple magnetic system, we study the attenuated
magnetic ray transform $I_{A,\Phi}$, with attenuation given by a unitary
connection $A$ and a skew-Hermitian Higgs field $\Phi$. We give a description
for the range of $I_{A,\Phi}$ acting on $\mathbb C^n$-valued tensor fields.


title: Supersymmetric Warped AdS in Extended Topologically Massive Supergravity

abstract:
  We determine the most general form of off-shell N=(1,1) supergravity field
configurations in three dimensions by requiring that at least one off-shell
Killing spinor exists. We then impose the field equations of the topologically
massive off-shell supergravity and find a class of solutions whose properties
crucially depend on the norm of the auxiliary vector field. These are
spacelike-squashed and timelike-stretched AdS_3 for the spacelike and timelike
norms, respectively. At the transition point where the norm vanishes, the
solution is null warped AdS_3. This occurs when the coefficient of the
Lorentz-Chern-Simons term is related to the AdS radius by $\mu\ell=2$. We find
that the spacelike-squashed AdS_3 can be modded out by a suitable discrete
subgroup of the isometry group, yielding an extremal black hole solution which
avoid closed timelike curves.


title: Low distortion embeddings into Asplund Banach spaces

abstract:
  We give a simple example of a countable metric space $M$ that does not embed
bi-Lipschitz with distortion strictly less than 2 into any Asplund space.
Actually, if $M$ embeds with distortion strictly less than 2 to a Banach space
$X$, then $X$ contains an isomorphic copy of $\ell_1$. We also show that the
space $M$ does not embed with distortion strictly less than $2$ into $\ell_1$
itself but it does embed isometrically into a space that is isomorphic to
$\ell_1$.


title: Refinements of the One Dimensional Free Poincare Inequality

abstract:
  We present two extensions of the one dimensional free Poincar\'e inequality
similar in spirit to two classical refinements.


title: Theory Uncertainty in Extracting the Proton's Weak Charge: White Paper

abstract:
  We review the state-of-the-art and address open questions relative to the
theory uncertainty of the $\gamma-Z$ box contribution to the $A_{PV}$
measurement within the QWEAK experiment at Jefferson Lab. This white paper
summarizes the contributions by participants and discussion sessions on this
topic within the MITP Workshop on Precision Electroweak Physics held in Mainz,
Germany, September 23 - October 11, 2013
\url{http://indico.cern.ch/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=248072


title:
Naturalness implies intra-generational degeneracy for decoupled squarks
  and sleptons

abstract:
  The SUSY flavor, CP, gravitino and proton-decay problems are all solved to
varying degrees by a decoupling solution wherein first/second generation matter
scalars would exist in the multi-TeV regime. Recent models of natural SUSY
presumably allow for a co-existence of naturalness with the decoupling
solution. We show that: if sfermions are heavier than $\sim 10$ TeV, then a
small first/second generation contribution to electroweak fine-tuning (EWFT)
requires a rather high degree of intra-generational degeneracy of either 1.
(separately) squarks and sleptons, 2. (separately) left- and right-type
sfermions, 3. members of SU(5) multiplets, or 4. all members of a single
generation as in SO(10). These (partial) degeneracy patterns required by
naturalness hint at the necessity of an organizing principle, and highlight the
limitations of models such as the pMSSM in the case of decoupled first/second
generation scalars.


title:
Convergence of Parareal for the Navier-Stokes equations depending on the
  Reynolds number

abstract:
  The paper presents first a linear stability analysis for the time-parallel
Parareal method, using an IMEX Euler as coarse and a Runge-Kutta-3 method as
fine propagator, confirming that dominant imaginary eigenvalues negatively
affect Parareal's convergence. This suggests that when Parareal is applied to
the nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations, problems for small viscosities could
arise. Numerical results for a driven cavity benchmark are presented,
confirming that Parareal's convergence can indeed deteriorate as viscosity
decreases and the flow becomes increasingly dominated by convection. The effect
is found to strongly depend on the spatial resolution.


title: A Higher-Spin Chern-Simons Theory of Anyons

abstract:
  We propose Chern-Simons models of fractional-spin fields interacting with
ordinary tensorial higher-spin fields and internal color gauge fields. For
integer and half-integer values of the fractional spins, the model reduces to
finite sets of fields modulo infinite-dimensional ideals. We present the model
on-shell using Fock-space representations of the underlying deformed-oscillator
algebra.


title: Quantifying Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering

abstract:
  Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a form of bipartite quantum
correlation that is intermediate between entanglement and Bell nonlocality. It
allows for entanglement certification when the measurements performed by one of
the parties are not characterised (or are untrusted) and has applications in
quantum key distribution. Despite its foundational and applied importance, EPR
steering lacks a quantitative assessment. Here we propose a way of quantifying
this phenomenon and use it to study the steerability of several quantum states.
In particular we show that every pure entangled state is maximally steerable,
the projector onto the anti-symmetric subspace is maximally steerable for all
dimensions, we provide a new example of one-way steering, and give strong
support that states with positive-partial-transposition are not steerable.


title: On the Security of Key Extraction from Measuring Physical Quantities

abstract:
  Key extraction via measuring a physical quantity is a class of information
theoretic key exchange protocols that rely on the physical characteristics of
the communication channel to enable the computation of a shared key by two (or
more) parties that share no prior secret information. The key is supposed to be
information theoretically hidden to an eavesdropper. Despite the recent surge
of research activity in the area, concrete claims about the security of the
protocols typically rely on channel abstractions that are not fully
experimentally substantiated. In this work, we propose a novel methodology for
the {\em experimental} security analysis of these protocols. The crux of our
methodology is a falsifiable channel abstraction that is accompanied by an
efficient experimental approximation algorithm of the {\em conditional
min-entropy} available to the two parties given the view of the eavesdropper.
  We focus on the signal strength between two wirelessly communicating
transceivers as the measured quantity and we use an experimental setup to
compute the conditional min-entropy of the channel given the view of the
attacker which we find to be linearly increasing. Armed with this understanding
of the channel, we showcase the methodology by providing a general protocol for
key extraction in this setting that is shown to be secure for a concrete
parameter selection. In this way we provide a first comprehensively analyzed
wireless key extraction protocol that is demonstrably secure against passive
adversaries. Our methodology uses hidden Markov models as the channel model and
a dynamic programming approach to approximate conditional min-entropy but other
possible instantiations of the methodology can be motivated by our work.


title: Automorphisms for skew PBW extensions and skew quantum polynomial rings

abstract:
  In this work we study the automorphisms of skew $PBW$ extensions and skew
quantum polynomials. We use Artamonov's works as reference for getting the
principal results about automorphisms for generic skew $PBW$ extensions and
generic skew quantum polynomials. In general, if we have an endomorphism on a
generic skew $PBW$ extension and there are some $x_i,x_j,x_u$ such that the
endomorphism is not zero on this elements and the principal coefficients are
invertible, then endomorphism act over $x_i$ as $a_ix_i$ for some $a_i$ in the
ring of coefficients. Of course, this is valid for quantum polynomial rings,
with $r=0$, as such Artamonov shows in his work. We use this result for giving
some more general results for skew $PBW$ extensions, using filtred-graded
techniques. Finally, we use localization for characterize some class the
endomorphisms and automorphisms for skew $PBW$ extensions and skew quantum
polynomials over Ore domains.


title:
Elastic monopoles and external torques in nematic liquid crystal
  colloids

abstract:
  Up to now it is commonly believed that a colloidal particle suspended in a
nematic liquid crystal never produces elastic monopoles because this violates
the mechanical equilibrium condition. And the only way to obtain deformations
of director field falling off with distance as r^{-1} is to exert an external
torque \Gamma_{ext} on the colloid \cite{de_Gennes}. In this paper we
demonstrate that this statement is not quite correct and elastic monopoles, as
well as dipoles and quadrupoles, can be induced without any external influence
just by the particle itself. A behavior of a spherical colloidal particle with
asymmetric anchoring strength distribution is considered theoretically. It is
demonstrated that such a particle when suspended in a nematic host can produce
director deformations decreasing as $r^{-1}$, i.e. elastic monopoles, by itself
without any external influence.


title: Solutions to the Classical Liouville Equation

abstract:
  We present solutions to the classical Liouville equation for ergodic and
completely integrable systems - systems that are known to attain equilibrium.
Ergodic systems are known to thermal equilibrate with a Maxwell-Boltzmann
distribution and we show a simple derivation of this distribution that also
leads to a derivation of the distribution at any time t. For illustrative
purposes, we apply the method to the problem of a one-dimensional gravitational
gas even though its ergodicity is debatable. For completely integrable systems,
the Liouville equation in the original phase space is rather involved because
of the group structure of the integral invariants, which hints of a gauge
symmetry. We use Dirac's constrained formalism to show the change in the
Liouville equation, which necessitates the introduction of gauge-fixing
conditions. We then show that the solution of the Liouville equation is
independent of the choice of gauge, which it must be because physical
quantities are derived from the distribution. Instead, we derive the solution
to the classical Liouville equation in the phase space where the dynamics
involve ignorable coordinates, a technique that is akin to the use of the
unitarity gauge in spontaneously broken gauge theories to expose the physical
degrees of freedom. It turns out the distribution is time-independent and
precisely given by the generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE), which was solved by
Jaynes using the method of constrained optimization. As an example, we apply
the method to the problem of two particles in 3D interacting via a central
potential.


title:
Ab initio NCSM/RGM for three-body cluster systems and application to
  $^4$He+n+n

abstract:
  We introduce an extension of the ab initio no-core shell model/resonating
group method (NCSM/RGM) in order to describe three-body cluster states. We
present results for the $^6$He ground state within a $^4$He+n+n cluster basis
as well as first results for the phase shifts of different channels of the
$^4$He+n+n system which provide information about low-lying resonances of this
nucleus.


title:
Application of a linear elastic - brittle interface model to the crack
  initiation and propagation at fibre-matrix interface under biaxial transverse
  loads

abstract:
  The crack onset and propagation at the fibre-matrix interface in a composite
under tensile/compressive remote biaxial transverse loads is studied by a new
linear elastic - (perfectly) brittle interface model. In this model the
interface is represented by a continuous distribution of springs which
simulates the presence of a thin elastic layer. The constitutive law for the
continuous distribution of normal and tangential of initially linear elastic
springs takes into account possible frictionless elastic contact between fibre
and matrix once a portion of the interface is broken. A brittle failure
criterion is employed for the distribution of springs, which enables the study
of crack onset and propagation. This interface failure criterion takes into
account the variation of the interface fracture toughness with the fracture
mode mixity. The main advantages of the present interface model are its
simplicity, robustness and its computational efficiency when the so-called
sequentially linear analysis is applied. Moreover, in the present plane strain
problem of a single fibre embedded in a matrix subjected to uniform remote
transverse loads, this model can be used to obtain analytic predictions of
interface crack onset. The numerical results provided by a 2D boundary element
analysis show that a fibre-matrix interface failure initiates by onset of a
finite debond in the neighbourhood of an interface point where the failure
criterion is reached first (under increasing proportional load), this debond
further propagating along the interface in mixed mode or even, in some
configurations, with the crack tip under compression. The analytical
predictions of the debond onset position and associated critical load are used
for checking the computational procedure implemented, an excellent agreement
being obtained.


title:
MHD Simulations of Magnetospheric Accretion, Ejection and Plasma-field
  Interaction

abstract:
  We review recent axisymmetric and three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic
(MHD) numerical simulations of magnetospheric accretion, plasma-field
interaction and outflows from the disk-magnetosphere boundary.


title:
Heat flux scaling in turbulent Rayleigh-B\'enard convection with an
  imposed longitudinal wind

abstract:
  We present a numerical study of Rayleigh-B\'enard convection disturbed by a
longitudinal wind. Our results show that under the action of the wind, the
vertical heat flux through the cell initially decreases, due to the mechanism
of plumes-sweeping, and then increases again when turbulent forced convection
dominates over the buoyancy. As a result, the Nusselt number is a non-monotonic
function of the shear Reynolds number. We provide a simple model that captures
with good accuracy all the dynamical regimes observed. We expect that our
findings can lead the way to a more fundamental understanding of the of the
complex interplay between mean-wind and plumes ejection in the
Rayleigh-B\'enard phenomenology.


title: Cellular resolutions from mapping cones

abstract:
  One can iteratively obtain a free resolution of any monomial ideal $I$ by
considering the mapping cone of the map of complexes associated to adding one
generator at a time. Herzog and Takayama have shown that this procedure yields
a minimal resolution if $I$ has linear quotients, in which case the mapping
cone in each step cones a Koszul complex onto the previously constructed
resolution. Here we consider cellular realizations of these resolutions.
Extending a construction of Mermin we describe a regular CW-complex that
supports the resolutions of Herzog and Takayama in the case that $I$ has a
`regular decomposition function'. By varying the choice of chain map we recover
other known cellular resolutions, including the `box of complexes' resolutions
of Corso, Nagel, and Reiner and the related `homomorphism complex' resolutions
of Dochtermann and Engstr\"om. Other choices yield combinatorially distinct
complexes with interesting structure, and suggests a notion of a `space of
cellular resolutions'.


title: Small gaps between primes

abstract:
  We introduce a refinement of the GPY sieve method for studying prime
$k$-tuples and small gaps between primes. This refinement avoids previous
limitations of the method, and allows us to show that for each $k$, the prime
$k$-tuples conjecture holds for a positive proportion of admissible $k$-tuples.
In particular, $\liminf_{n}(p_{n+m}-p_n)<\infty$ for any integer $m$. We also
show that $\liminf(p_{n+1}-p_n)\le 600$, and, if we assume the
Elliott-Halberstam conjecture, that $\liminf_n(p_{n+1}-p_n)\le 12$ and
$\liminf_n (p_{n+2}-p_n)\le 600$.


title: Achievable Rate Regions for Network Coding

abstract:
  Determining the achievable rate region for networks using routing, linear
coding, or non-linear coding is thought to be a difficult task in general, and
few are known. We describe the achievable rate regions for four interesting
networks (completely for three and partially for the fourth). In addition to
the known matrix-computation method for proving outer bounds for linear coding,
we present a new method which yields actual characteristic-dependent linear
rank inequalities from which the desired bounds follow immediately.


title: MCNP6 Study of Spallation Products from 500 MeV p + 136Xe

abstract:
  Isotope production cross sections from the 500 MeV p + 136Xe interactions
measured recently at GSI in inverse kinematics have been simulated with MCNP6
using the CEM03.03 event generator. MCNP6 reproduces reasonably well most of
the measured cross sections. However, the isotopes with a charge number greater
than the charge number on the target by two units is overestimated
significantly by CEM03.03. We found also an underestimation for the production
of isotopes in the deep spallation region, far from the target-nucleus. Further
investigations and further improvement of CEM03.03 with a possible
consideration of multifragmentation and fission-like binary decays are needed
in order to predict well products from intermediate- and high-energy nuclear
reactions far from the target-nuclei, in the deep spallation and fragmentation
regions


title:
Fission Fragments Produced from Proton Irradiation of Thorium Between 40
  and 200 MeV

abstract:
  The cross sections for the formation of five residual radionuclides (72Se,
97Zr, 112Pd, 125Sb, and 147Nb) from 40- to 200-MeV proton irradiation of
thorium have been measured and are reported. The atomic masses of these
fragments span the expected mass distribution of radionuclides formed by
fission of the target nucleus. Especially in mass regions corresponding to
transitions between different relaxation mechanisms employed by available
models, these data are expected to be useful to the improvement of high-energy
transport codes. The predictions of the event generators incorporated into the
latest release of the Monte Carlo N-Particle code (MCNP6) are compared with
data measured in this work in the hope that these results may be useful to the
continued process of code verification and validation in MCNP6.


title:
Photoemission study of PDI8-CN2 /Au, PDI8-CN2 / Si and PDI8-CN2 - T6
  interfaces

abstract:
  We report on the study of the electronic properties in PDI8-CN2 / Au,
PDI8-CN2 / Si, PDI8-CN2 - T6 interfaces investigated by X-Ray (XPS) and
Ultraviolet (UPS) Photoemission Spectroscopy. In order to verify the
consistency with the results on field effect devices, heated substrates have
been considered, while only in the case of PDI8-CN2 / Au interface also
sputter-cleaned Au has been used as a reference. We found a small interface
dipole between PDI8-CN2 and sputter-cleaned Au, which reverses its sign as a
consequence of the 'pillow effect' due to the presence of the contamination
layer in the heated substrates. This result is in agreement with the transport
measurements on PDI8-CN2 field effect transistors, which show an 'always on'
behavior. We also found evidences of the formation of a built-in potential in
T6 / PDI8-CN2 and PDI8-CN2 / T6 interfaces, mainly from the T6 side. This also
well agrees with previous results on T6 / PDI8-CN2 heterostructures devices,
exhibiting transport properties explainable with the presence of an
accumulation heterojunction at the interface.


title: A model structure on GCat

abstract:
  We define a model structure on the category GCat of small categories with an
action by a finite group G by lifting the Thomason model structure on Cat. We
show there is a Quillen equivalence between GCat with this model structure and
GTop with the standard model structure.


title: A Trust Model Based Analysis of Social Networks

abstract:
  In this paper, we analyse the sustainability of social networks using STrust,
our social trust model. The novelty of the model is that it introduces the
concept of engagement trust and combines it with the popularity trust to derive
the social trust of the community as well as of individual members in the
community. This enables the recommender system to use these different types of
trust to recommend different things to the community, and identify (and
recommend) different roles. For example, it recommends mentors using the
engagement trust and leaders using the popularity trust. We then show the
utility of the model by analysing data from two types of social networks. We
also study the sustainability of a community through our social trust model. We
observe that a 5% drop in highly trusted members causes more than a 50% drop in
social capital that, in turn, raises the question of sustainability of the
community. We report our analysis and its results.


title: Study of the $D^*\rho$ system using QCD sum rules

abstract:
  In this talk I present a study of the $D^* \rho$ system made by using the
method of QCD sum rules. Considering isospin and spin projectors, we
investigate the different configurations and obtain three $D^*$ mesons with
isospin $I=1/2$, spin $S=0$, $1$, $2$ and with masses $2500\pm 67$ MeV,
$2523\pm60$ MeV, and $2439\pm119$ MeV, respectively. The last state can be
related to $D^*_2(2460)$ (spin 2) listed by the Particle Data Group, while one
of the first two might be associated with $D^*(2640)$, whose spin-parity is
unknown. In the case of $I=3/2$ we also find evidences of three states with
spin 0, 1 and 2, respectively, with masses $2467\pm82$ MeV, $2420\pm128$ MeV,
and $2550\pm56$ MeV.


title:
Jumping the energetics queue: Modulation of pulsar signals by
  extraterrestrial civilizations

abstract:
  It has been speculated that technological civilizations evolve along an
energy consumption scale first formulated by Kardashev, ranging from human-like
civilizations that consume energy at a rate of $\sim 10^{19}$ erg s$^{-1}$ to
hypothetical highly advanced civilizations that can consume $\sim 10^{44}$ erg
s$^{-1}$. Since the transmission power of a beacon a civilization can build
depends on the energy it possesses, to make it bright enough to be seen across
the Galaxy would require high technological advancement. In this paper, we
discuss the possibility of a civilization using naturally-occurring radio
transmitters -- specifically, radio pulsars -- to overcome the Kardashev limit
of their developmental stage and transmit super-Kardashev power. This is
achieved by the use of a modulator situated around a pulsar, that modulates the
pulsar signal, encoding information onto its natural emission. We discuss a
simple modulation model using pulse nulling and considerations for detecting
such a signal. We find that a pulsar with a nulling modulator will exhibit an
excess of thermal emission peaking in the ultraviolet during its null phases,
revealing the existence of a modulator.


title: An O(M log M) Algorithm for Bipartite Matching with Roadmap Distances

abstract:
  An algorithm is presented which produces the minimum cost bipartite matching
between two sets of M points each, where the cost of matching two points is
proportional to the minimum distance by which a particle could reach one point
from the other while constrained to travel on a connected set of curves, or
roads. Given any such roadmap, the algorithm obtains O(M log M) total runtime
in terms of M, which is the best possible bound in the sense that any algorithm
for minimal matching has runtime Omega(M log M). The algorithm is strongly
polynomial and is based on a capacity-scaling approach to the [minimum] convex
cost flow problem. The result generalizes the known Theta(M log M) complexity
of computing optimal matchings between two sets of points on (i) a line
segment, and (ii) a circle.


title:
Scientific Workflows and Provenance: Introduction and Research
  Opportunities

abstract:
  Scientific workflows are becoming increasingly popular for compute-intensive
and data-intensive scientific applications. The vision and promise of
scientific workflows includes rapid, easy workflow design, reuse, scalable
execution, and other advantages, e.g., to facilitate "reproducible science"
through provenance (e.g., data lineage) support. However, as described in the
paper, important research challenges remain. While the database community has
studied (business) workflow technologies extensively in the past, most current
work in scientific workflows seems to be done outside of the database
community, e.g., by practitioners and researchers in the computational sciences
and eScience. We provide a brief introduction to scientific workflows and
provenance, and identify areas and problems that suggest new opportunities for
database research.


title:
Heterointerface engineered electronic and magnetic phases of NdNiO3 thin
  films

abstract:
  Mott physics is characterized by an interaction-driven metal-to-insulator
transition in a partially filled band. In the resulting insulating state,
antiferromagnetic orders of the local moments typically develop, but in rare
situations no long-range magnetic order appears, even at zero temperature,
rendering the system a quantum spin liquid. A fundamental and technologically
critical question is whether one can tune the underlying energetic landscape to
control both metal-to-insulator and N\'eel transitions, and even stabilize
latent metastable phases, ideally on a platform suitable for applications. Here
we demonstrate how to achieve this in ultrathin films of NdNiO3 with various
degrees of lattice mismatch, and report on the quantum critical behaviours not
reported in the bulk by transport measurements and resonant X-ray
spectroscopy/scattering. In particular, on the decay of the antiferromagnetic
Mott insulating state into a non-Fermi liquid, we find evidence of a quantum
metal-to-insulator transition that spans a non-magnetic insulating phase.


title:
Characteristics of multiplexing parallel beam (MPB) by using Monte Carlo
  simulation

abstract:
  It is discussed that the point spread function (PSF) of multiplexing parallel
beam (MPB) is shift-invariant; the spatial resolution is linear as a function
of depth h and the geometrical sensitivity is converged to a constant value at
far field, by using Monte Carlo simulation in this work. The results indicate
that the MPB collimator may maintain the same system characteristics as
parallel beam (PB) collimator. Although the minimum standard deviation (SD) of
MPB is more 3.7% than the PB with high sensitivity (HSPB), the improved
resolution is 55.2% at h=160mm, compared with HSPB in this work. The
reconstruction process also indicates that the convergence rate of MPB is
slower than the HSPB because the projection counts are part of overlapping and
the PSF of oblique PB (OPB) is asymmetrical. However the effective hole length
is used in the calculation of the system matrix to correct for the penetration,
which has a satisfactory result. From a visual assessment, the reconstructed
image may well satisfy clinical criteria and it is therefore worth
investigating this novel MPB collimator system for clinical imaging.


title:
Conditioning of BPM pickup signals for operations of the Duke storage
  ring with a wide range of single-bunch current

abstract:
  The Duke storage ring is a dedicated driver for the storage ring based
oscillator free-electron lasers (FELs), and the High Intensity Gamma-ray Source
(HIGS). It is operated with a beam current ranging from about 1 mA to 100 mA
per bunch for various operations and accelerator physics studies. High
performance operations of the FEL and gamma-ray source require a stable
electron beam orbit, which has been realized by the global orbit feedback
system. As a critical part of the orbit feedback system, the electron beam
position monitors (BPMs) are required to be able to precisely measure the
electron beam orbit in a wide range of the single-bunch current. However, the
high peak voltage of the BPM pickups associated with high single-bunch current
degrades the performance of the BPM electronics, and can potentially damage the
BPM electronics. A signal conditioning method using low pass filters is
developed to reduce the peak voltage to protect the BPM electronics, and to
make the BPMs capable of working with a wide range of single-bunch current.
Simulations and electron beam based tests are performed. The results show that
the Duke storage ring BPM system is capable of providing precise orbit
measurements to ensure highly stable FEL and HIGS operations.


title:
Thermal resonating Hartree-Bogoliubov theory based on the projection
  method

abstract:
  We propose a rigorous thermal resonating mean-field theory (Res-MFT). A state
is approximated by superposition of multiple MF wavefunctions (WFs) composed of
non-orthogonal Hartree-Bogoliubov (HB) WFs. We adopt a Res-HB subspace spanned
by Res-HB ground and excited states. A partition function (PF) in a SO(2N)
coherent state representation |g> (N:Number of single-particle states) is
expressed as Tr(e^{-\beta H})=2^{N-1} \int <g|e^{-\beta H}|g>dg (\beta=1/k_BT).
Introducing a projection operator P to the Res-HB subspace, the PF in the
Res-HB subspace is given as Tr(Pe^{-\beta H}), which is calculated within the
Res-HB subspace by using the Laplace transform of e^{-\beta H} and the
projection method. The variation of the Res-HB free energy is made, which leads
to a thermal HB density matrix W_{Res}^{thermal} expressed in terms of a
thermal Res-FB operator F_{Res}^{thermal} as
W_{Res}^{thermal}={1_{2N}+exp(\beta F_{Res}^{thermal})}^{-1}. A calculation of
the PF by an infinite matrix continued fraction is cumbersome and a procedure
of tractable optimization is too complicated. Instead, we seek for another
possible and more practical way of computing the PF and the Res-HB free energy
within the Res-MFT.


title: A Notion of Dynamic Interface for Depth-Bounded Object-Oriented Packages

abstract:
  Programmers using software components have to follow protocols that specify
when it is legal to call particular methods with particular arguments. For
example, one cannot use an iterator over a set once the set has been changed
directly or through another iterator. We formalize the notion of dynamic
package interfaces (DPI), which generalize state-machine interfaces for single
objects, and give an algorithm to statically compute a sound abstraction of a
DPI. States of a DPI represent (unbounded) sets of heap configurations and
edges represent the effects of method calls on the heap. We introduce a novel
heap abstract domain based on depth-bounded systems to deal with potentially
unboundedly many objects and the references among them. We have implemented our
algorithm and show that it is effective in computing representations of common
patterns of package usage, such as relationships between viewer and label,
container and iterator, and JDBC statements and cursors.


title: Real-Time Kadanoff-Baym Approach to Nuclear Response Functions

abstract:
  Linear response functions are calculated for symmetric nuclear matter of
normal density by time-evolving two-time Green's functions with conserving
self-energy insertions, thereby satisfying the energy-sum rule. Nucleons are
regarded as moving in a mean field defined by an effective mass. A two-body
effective (or residual) interaction, represented by a gaussian local
interaction, is used to find the effect of correlations in a second order as
well as a ring approximation. The response function S(e,q) is calculated for
0.2<q<1.2 fm^{-1}. Comparison is made with the nucleons being un-correlated,
"RPA+HF" only.


title: A New Perspective for Hoare's Logic and Peano's Arithmetic

abstract:
  Hoare's logic is an axiomatic system of proving programs correct, which has
been extended to be a separation logic to reason about mutable heap structure.
We develop the most fundamental logical structure of strongest postcondition of
Hoare's logic in Peano's arithmetic $PA$. Let $p\in L$ and $S$ be any
while-program. The arithmetical definability of $\textbf{N}$-computable
function $f_S^{\textbf{N}}$ leads to separate $S$ from $SP(p,S)$, which defines
the strongest postcondition of $p$ and $S$ over $\textbf{N}$, achieving an
equivalent but more meaningful form in $PA$. From the reduction of Hoare's
logic to PA, together with well-defined underlying semantics, it follows that
Hoare's logic is sound and complete relative to the theory of $PA$, which is
different from the relative completeness in the sense of Cook. Finally, we
discuss two ways to extend computability from the standard structure to
nonstandard models of $PA$.


title: Suzaku View of the Neutron Star in the Dipping Source 4U 1822$-$37

abstract:
  The dipping X-ray source 4U 1822$-$37 was observed by Suzaku on 2006 Octrober
20 for a net exposure of 37 ks. The source was detected with the XIS at a 1-10
keV flux of 5.5$\times10^{-10}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, and with the HXD
(HXD-PIN) at a 10-50 keV flux of 8.9$\times10^{-10}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$.
With HXD-PIN, the pulsation was detected at a barycentric period of 0.592437 s,
and its change rate was reconfirmed as $-2.43\times$10$^{-12}$ s s$^{-1}$. The
1-50 keV spectra of 4U 1822-37 were found to be very similar to those of Her
X-1 in the slopes, cutoff and iron lines. Three iron lines (Fe K$\alpha$, Fe
XXV, and Fe XXVI) were detected, on top of a 1-50 keV continuum that is
described by an NPEX model plus a soft blackbody. In addition, a cyclotron
resonance scattering feature was detected significantly ($>99\%$ confidence),
at an energy of 33$\pm$2 keV with a depth of 0.4$^{+0.6}_{-0.3}$. Therefore,
the neutron star in this source is concluded to have a strong magnetic field of
2.8$\times10^{12}$ G. Further assuming that the source has a relatively high
intrinsic luminosity of several times 10$^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$, its spectral and
timing properties are consistently explained.


title: Reduction of BTZ spacetime to hypersurfaces of foliation

abstract:
  We reduce the BTZ spacetime to two kinds of hypersurfaces of foliation: one
having a fixed radial coordinate and the other a fixed angular coordinate. The
radial reduction leads to a Liouville type theory, and confirms, from the first
principle, the expectation laid out in the literature. In the other endeavor,
the angular reduction of the 3D gravity is carried out in two different ways;
the first again yields a Liouville type theory (different from that of the
radial reduction) and the second yields a 2D interacting quantum field theory
with quartic potential. Finally we discuss potential implications of our result
for the Equivalence Principle and Purity of Hawking radiation.


title: Homotopy type of Frobenius complexes II

abstract:
  A finitely generated additive submonoid $\Lambda$ of ${\mathbb N}^d$ has the
partial order defined by $\lambda \le \lambda + \mu$ for $\lambda, \mu \in
\Lambda$. The Frobenius complex is the order complex of an open interval of
$\Lambda$. In this paper, we express the homotopy type of the Frobenius complex
of $\Lambda[\rho / r]$ in terms of those of $\Lambda$, where $\Lambda[\rho /
r]$ is the additive monoid which is added the $r$-th part of $\rho$ to
$\Lambda$. As applications, we determine the homotopy type of the Frobenius
complex of some submonoids of $\mathbb N$, for example, the submonoid generated
by a finite geometric sequence. We also state an application to the
multi-graded Poincar\'e series.


title: More about vacuum structure of Linear Sigma Model

abstract:
  In the study of critical phenomena of QCD, a linear sigma model (LSM) is
often analyzed as it shares many properties with QCD. Motivated by recent
arguments on effective restoration of the U_A(1) symmetry around the critical
temperature, the renormalization group flow of U(2)$\otimes$U(2) LSM with a
small violation of the U_A(1) symmetry is examined in the traditional epsilon
expansion in threedimensions. With a mass-dependent renormalization scheme, we
investigate the attractive basin flowing into the O(4) LSM in the parameter
space and its dependence on the size of the U_A(1) breaking. Special emphasis
is put on how the decoupling of the heavier degrees of freedom occur as
approaching the O(4) LSM.


title: GSH 90-28-17: a Possible Old Supernova Remnant

abstract:
  GSH 90-28-17 is a high-latitude galactic HI supershell, identified in the HI
supershell catalogs with a velocity of $v_{lsr}\sim-17$ \kms. We used the new
Arecibo GALFA-HI survey data which have much higher resolution and sensitivity
than what were previously available to re-examine the properties of the
supershell. We derived a new distance of 400 pc for GSH 90-28-17 and suggested
that it is related to the Lac OB1 association. The radius of GSH 90-28-17 is
66.0$\pm$3.5 pc. The HI mass of the shell is (3.1$\pm0.1)\times10^{4}$
M$_{\odot}$. It has an age of $\sim4.5$ Myr and a total kinetic energy of
(8.2$\pm0.3)\times10^{48}$ ergs. We extracted radio continuum data for the GSH
90-28-17 region from the 408 MHz all-sky Survey and Bonn 1420 MHz survey, and
filtered the diffuse background Galactic emission. A radio loop-like ridge is
found to be associated with the HI shell at both frequencies, and shows a
nonthermal origin with a TT-plot index of $\alpha$=-1.35$\pm$0.69. In addition,
the pulsar J2307+2225 with a similar distance is found in the shell region. We
conclude that GSH 90-28-17 is probably an old, type II supernova remnant in the
solar neighborhood.


title: Rotating AdS black hole stealth solution in D=3

abstract:
  We show that the rotating asymptotically anti de Sitter black hole solution
of new massive gravity in three dimensions can support a static stealth
configuration given by a conformally coupled scalar field. By static stealth
configuration, we mean a nontrivial time independent scalar field whose
energy-momentum tensor vanishes identically on the rotating black hole metric
solution of new massive gravity. The existence of this configuration is
rendered possible because of the presence of a gravitational hair in the black
hole metric that prevents the scalar field to be trivial. In the extremal case,
the stealth scalar field diverges at the horizon as it occurs for the conformal
scalar field of the Bocharova-Bronnikov-Melnikov-Bekenstein solution in four
dimensions.


title:
Clustering of Extremely Red Objects in Elais-N1 from the UKIDSS DXS with
  optical photometry from Pan-STARRS1 and Subaru

abstract:
  We measure the angular clustering of 33 415 extremely red objects (EROs) in
the Elais-N1 field covering 5.33 deg$^{2}$, which cover the redshift range
$z=0.8$ to $2$. This sample was made by merging the UKIDSS Deep eXtragalactic
Survey (DXS) with the optical Subaru and Pan-STARRS PS1 datasets. We confirm
the existence of a clear break in the angular correlation function at $\sim
0.02^{\circ}$ corresponding to $1 h^{-1}$ Mpc at $z\sim1$. We find that redder
or brighter EROs are more clustered than bluer or fainter ones. Halo Occupation
Distribution (HOD) model fits imply that the average mass of dark matter haloes
which host EROs is over $10^{13} h^{-1} M_{\odot}$ and that EROs have a bias
ranging from 2.7 to 3.5. Compared to EROs at $z\sim1.1$, at $z\sim1.5$ EROs
have a higher bias and fewer are expected to be satellite galaxies.
Furthermore, EROs reside in similar dark matter haloes to those that host
$10^{11.0} M_{\odot}<M_{*}<10^{11.5} M_{\odot}$ galaxies. We compare our new
measurement and HOD fits with the predictions of the GALFORM semi-analytical
galaxy formation model. Overall, the clustering predicted by GALFORM gives an
encouraging match to our results. However, compared to our deductions from the
measurements, GALFORM puts EROs into lower mass haloes and predicts that a
larger fraction of EROs are satellite galaxies. This suggests that the
treatment of gas cooling may need to be revised in the model. Our analysis
illustrates the potential of clustering analyses to provide observational
constraints on theoretical models of galaxy formation.


title: Control Contraction Metrics and Universal Stabilizability

abstract:
  In this paper we introduce the concept of universal stabilizability: the
condition that every solution of a nonlinear system can be globally stabilized.
We give sufficient conditions in terms of the existence of a control
contraction metric, which can be found by solving a pointwise linear matrix
inequality. Extensions to approximate optimal control are straightforward. The
conditions we give are necessary and sufficient for linear systems and certain
classes of nonlinear systems, and have interesting connections to the theory of
control Lyapunov functions.


title:
Collimated Blue and Infrared Beams Generated by Two-Photon Excitation in
  Rb Vapor

abstract:
  Utilizing two-photon excitation in hot Rb vapor we demonstrate the generation
of collimated optical fields at 420 nm and 1324 nm. Input laser beams at 780 nm
and 776 nm enter a heated Rb vapor cell collinear and circularly polarized,
driving Rb atoms to the $5D_{5/2}$ state. Under phase-matching conditions
coherence among the $5S_{1/2}\rightarrow 5P_{3/2}\rightarrow 5D_{5/2}
\rightarrow 6P_{3/2}$ transitions produces a blue (420 nm) beam by four-wave
mixing. We also observe a forward and backward propagating IR (1324 nm) beam,
due to cascading decays through the $6S_{1/2}\rightarrow 5P_{1/2}$ states.
Power saturation of the generated beams is investigated by scaling the input
powers to greater than 200 mW, resulting in a coherent blue beam of 9.1 mW
power, almost an order of magnitude larger than previously achieved. We measure
the dependences of both beams in relation to the Rb density, the frequency
detuning between Rb ground state hyperfine levels, and the input laser
intensities.


title:
Calculation of Stochastic Heating and Emissivity of Cosmic Dust Grains
  with Optimization for the Intel Many Integrated Core Architecture

abstract:
  Cosmic dust particles effectively attenuate starlight. Their absorption of
starlight produces emission spectra from the near- to far-infrared, which
depends on the sizes and properties of the dust grains, and spectrum of the
heating radiation field. The near- to mid-infrared is dominated by the
emissions by very small grains. Modeling the absorption of starlight by these
particles is, however, computationally expensive and a significant bottleneck
for self-consistent radiation transport codes treating the heating of dust by
stars. In this paper, we summarize the formalism for computing the stochastic
emissivity of cosmic dust, which was developed in earlier works, and present a
new library HEATCODE implementing this formalism for the calculation for
arbitrary grain properties and heating radiation fields. Our library is highly
optimized for general-purpose processors with multiple cores and vector
instructions, with hierarchical memory cache structure. The HEATCODE library
also efficiently runs on co-processor cards implementing the Intel Many
Integrated Core (Intel MIC) architecture. We discuss in detail the optimization
steps that we took in order to optimize for the Intel MIC architecture, which
also significantly benefited the performance of the code on general-purpose
processors, and provide code samples and performance benchmarks for each step.
The HEATCODE library performance on a single Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor (Intel
MIC architecture) is approximately 2 times a general-purpose two-socket
multicore processor system with approximately the same nominal power
consumption. The library supports heterogeneous calculations employing host
processors simultaneously with multiple coprocessors, and can be easily
incorporated into existing radiation transport codes.

categories: astro-ph.IM astro-ph.GA cs.DC physics.comp-ph


title: Shear viscosity from Kubo formalism: NJL-model study

abstract:
  A large-$N_{\rm c}$ expansion is combined with the Kubo formalism to study
the shear viscosity $\eta$ of strongly interacting matter in the two-flavor NJL
model. We discuss analytical and numerical approaches to $\eta$ and investigate
systematically its strong dependence on the spectral width and the
momentum-space cutoff. Thermal effects on the constituent quark mass from
spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking are included. The ratio $\eta/s$ and its
thermal dependence are derived for different parameterizations of the spectral
width and for an explicit one-loop calculation including mesonic modes within
the NJL model.


title: $H$-Surfaces with Arbitrary Topology in Hyperbolic 3-Space

abstract:
  In this paper, we show that any open orientable surface S can be properly
embedded in H^3 as a minimizing H-surface for any 0<=H<1. We obtained this
result by proving a version of the bridge principle at infinity for H-surfaces.
We also show that any open orientable surface S can be nonproperly embedded in
H^3 as a minimal surface, too.


title: Phase-asymmetry resource interconversion via estimation

abstract:
  Practical implementations of quantum information-theoretic applications rely
on phase coherences between systems. These coherences are disturbed by
misalignment between phase references. Quantum states carrying phase-asymmetry
act as resources to counteract this misalignment. In this paper, we construct
protocols for interconverting these resources by first estimating the
misalignment. Our method achieves sublinear, but otherwise arbitrarily high,
asymptotic rate of conversion of pure resource states to mixed ones. No other
method is known for asymptotic pure-to-mixed state conversion. Our method also
has the advantage of achieving phase reference alignment in addition to
resource conversion.


title:
Maximal diameter sphere theorem for manifolds with nonconstant radial
  curvature

abstract:
  We generalize the maximal diameter sphere theorem due to Toponogov by means
of the radial curvature. As a corollary to our main theorem, we prove that for
a complete connected Riemannian $n$-manifold $M$ having radial sectional
curvature at a point bounded from below by the radial curvature function of an
ellipsoid of prolate type, the diameter of $M$ does not exceed the diameter of
the ellipsoid, and if the diameter of $M$ equals that of the ellipsoid, then
$M$ is isometric to the $n$-dimensional ellipsoid of revolution.


title:
Revealing Relationships among Relevant Climate Variables with
  Information Theory

abstract:
  A primary objective of the NASA Earth-Sun Exploration Technology Office is to
understand the observed Earth climate variability, thus enabling the
determination and prediction of the climate's response to both natural and
human-induced forcing. We are currently developing a suite of computational
tools that will allow researchers to calculate, from data, a variety of
information-theoretic quantities such as mutual information, which can be used
to identify relationships among climate variables, and transfer entropy, which
indicates the possibility of causal interactions. Our tools estimate these
quantities along with their associated error bars, the latter of which is
critical for describing the degree of uncertainty in the estimates. This work
is based upon optimal binning techniques that we have developed for
piecewise-constant, histogram-style models of the underlying density functions.
Two useful side benefits have already been discovered. The first allows a
researcher to determine whether there exist sufficient data to estimate the
underlying probability density. The second permits one to determine an
acceptable degree of round-off when compressing data for efficient transfer and
storage. We also demonstrate how mutual information and transfer entropy can be
applied so as to allow researchers not only to identify relations among climate
variables, but also to characterize and quantify their possible causal
interactions.


title:
Enhancing LSPR sensitivity of Au gratings through graphene coupling to
  Au film

abstract:
  A particular interesting plasmonic system is that of metallic nanostructures
interacting with metal films. As the LSPR behavior of gold nanostructures (Au
NPs) on the top of a gold thin film is exquisitely sensitive to the spacer
distance of the film-Au NPs, we investigate in the present work the influence
of a few-layered graphene spacer on the LSPR behavior of the NPs. The idea is
to evidence the role of few-layered graphene as one of the thinnest possible
spacer. We first show that the coupling to the Au film induces a strong
lowering at around 507nm and sharpening of the main LSPR of the Au NPs.
Moreover, a blue shift in the main LSP resonance of about 13 nm is observed in
the presence of a few-layered graphene spacer when compared to the case where
gold nanostructures are directly linked to a gold thin film. Numerical
simulations suggest that this LSP mode is dipolar and that the hot spots of the
electric field are pushed to the top corners of the NPs, which makes it very
sensitive to surrounding medium optical index changes and thus appealing for
sensing applications. A figure of merit (FoM) of such a system (gold/graphene/
Au NPs) is 2.8, as compared to 2.1 for gold/Au NPs either a 33% sensitivity
gain and opens up new sensing strategies.


title:
Sampling versus Random Binning for Multiple Descriptions of a
  Bandlimited Source

abstract:
  Random binning is an efficient, yet complex, coding technique for the
symmetric L-description source coding problem. We propose an alternative
approach, that uses the quantized samples of a bandlimited source as
"descriptions". By the Nyquist condition, the source can be reconstructed if
enough samples are received. We examine a coding scheme that combines sampling
and noise-shaped quantization for a scenario in which only K < L descriptions
or all L descriptions are received. Some of the received K-sets of descriptions
correspond to uniform sampling while others to non-uniform sampling. This
scheme achieves the optimum rate-distortion performance for uniform-sampling
K-sets, but suffers noise amplification for nonuniform-sampling K-sets. We then
show that by increasing the sampling rate and adding a random-binning stage,
the optimal operation point is achieved for any K-set.


title: THE Fokker-Planck Equation With Absorbing Boundary Conditions

abstract:
  We study the initial-boundary value problem for the Fokker-Planck equation in
an interval with absorbing boundary conditions. We develop a theory of
well-posedness of classical solutions for the problem. We also prove that the
resulting solutions decay exponentially for long times. To prove these results
we obtain several crucial estimates, which include hypoellipticity away from
the singular set for the Fokker-Planck equation with absorbing boundary
conditions, as well as the Holder continuity of the solutions up to the
singular set.


title:
Metal distributions out to 0.5 r180 in the intracluster medium of four
  galaxy groups observed with Suzaku

abstract:
  We studied the distributions of metal abundances and metal-mass-to-light
ratios in the intracluster medium (ICM) of four galaxy groups, MKW 4, HCG 62,
the NGC 1550 group, and the NGC 5044 group, out to 0.5 r180 observed with
Suzaku. The Fe abundance decreases with radius, and about 0.2-0.4 solar beyond
0.1 r180. At a given radius in units of r180, the Fe abundance in the ICM of
the four galaxy groups were consistent or smaller than those of clusters of
galaxies. The Mg/Fe and Si/Fe ratios in the ICM are nearly constant at the
solar ratio out to 0.5 r180. We also studied systematic uncertainties in the
derived metal abundances comparing the results from two versions of atomic data
for astrophysicists (ATOMDB) and single- and two temperature model fits. Since
the metals have been synthesized in galaxies, we collected K-band luminosities
of galaxies from Two Micron All Sky Survey catalogue (2MASS) and calculated the
integrated iron-mass-to-light-ratios (IMLR), or the ratios of the iron mass in
the ICM to light from stars in galaxies. The groups with smaller gas mass to
light ratios have smaller IMLR values and the IMLR inversely correlated with
the entropy excess. Based on these abundance features, we discussed the past
history of metal enrichment process in groups of galaxies.


title:
Determination of compositeness of the Lambda(1405) resonance from its
  radiative decay

abstract:
  The radiative decay of $\Lambda (1405)$ is investigated from the viewpoint of
compositeness, which corresponds to the amount of two-body states composing
resonances as well as bound states. For a $\bar{K}N (I=0)$ bound state without
couplings to other channels, we establish a relation between the radiative
decay width and the compositeness. Especially the radiative decay width of the
bound state is proportional to the compositeness. Applying the formulation to
$\Lambda (1405)$, we observe that the decay to $\Lambda \gamma$ is dominated by
the $K^{-}p$ component inside $\Lambda (1405)$, because in this decay $\pi ^{+}
\Sigma ^{-}$ and $\pi ^{-} \Sigma ^{+}$ strongly cancel each other and the $\pi
\Sigma$ component can contribute to the $\Lambda \gamma$ decay only through the
slight isospin breaking. This means that the decay $\Lambda (1405) \to \Lambda
\gamma$ is suitable for the study of the $\bar{K} N$ component in $\Lambda
(1405)$. Fixing the $\Lambda (1405)$-$\pi \Sigma$ coupling constant from the
usual decay of $\Lambda (1405) \to \pi \Sigma$, we show a relation between the
absolute value of the $\bar{K} N$ compositeness for $\Lambda (1405)$ and the
radiative decay width of $\Lambda (1405) \to \Lambda \gamma$ and $\Sigma ^{0}
\gamma$, and we find that large decay width to $\Lambda \gamma$ implies large
$\bar{K}N$ compositeness for $\Lambda (1405)$. By using the "experimental" data
on the radiative decay widths, which is based on an isobar model fitting of the
$K^{-}p$ atom data, we estimate the $\bar{K}N$ compositeness for $\Lambda
(1405)$. We also discuss the pole position dependence of our relation on the
$\Lambda (1405)$ radiative decay width and the effects of the two-pole
structure for $\Lambda (1405)$.


title:
Factoriality and type classification of \textsf{k}-graph von Neumann
  algebras

abstract:
  Let $\Fth$ be a single vertex \textsf{k}-graph, and $\pi_\omega(\O_\theta)"$
be the von Neumann algebra induced from the GNS representation of a
distinguished state $\omega$ of its $\textsf{k}$-graph C*-algebra $\O_\theta$.
In this paper, we prove the factoriality of $\pi_\omega(\O_\theta)"$ and
further determine its type, when either $\Fth$ has the little pull-back
property, or the intrinsic group of $\Fth$ has rank $0$. The key step to
achieve this is to show that the fixed point algebra of the modular action
corresponding to $\omega$ has a unique tracial state.


title:
Post-Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Learning and
  Nonmonotonic Reasoning

abstract:
  Knowledge Representation and Reasoning and Machine Learning are two important
fields in AI. Nonmonotonic logic programming (NMLP) and Answer Set Programming
(ASP) provide formal languages for representing and reasoning with commonsense
knowledge and realize declarative problem solving in AI. On the other side,
Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) realizes Machine Learning in logic
programming, which provides a formal background to inductive learning and the
techniques have been applied to the fields of relational learning and data
mining. Generally speaking, NMLP and ASP realize nonmonotonic reasoning while
lack the ability of learning. By contrast, ILP realizes inductive learning
while most techniques have been developed under the classical monotonic logic.
With this background, some researchers attempt to combine techniques in the
context of nonmonotonic ILP. Such combination will introduce a learning
mechanism to programs and would exploit new applications on the NMLP side,
while on the ILP side it will extend the representation language and enable us
to use existing solvers. Cross-fertilization between learning and nonmonotonic
reasoning can also occur in such as the use of answer set solvers for ILP,
speed-up learning while running answer set solvers, learning action theories,
learning transition rules in dynamical systems, abductive learning, learning
biological networks with inhibition, and applications involving default and
negation. This workshop is the first attempt to provide an open forum for the
identification of problems and discussion of possible collaborations among
researchers with complementary expertise. The workshop was held on September
15th of 2013 in Corunna, Spain. This post-proceedings contains five technical
papers (out of six accepted papers) and the abstract of the invited talk by Luc
De Raedt.


title:
A direct relation between confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in
  temporally odd-number lattice QCD

abstract:
  In the lattice QCD formalism, we derive a gauge-invariant analytical relation
connecting the Polyakov loop and the Dirac modes on a temporally odd-number
lattice, where the temporal lattice size is odd, with the normal (nontwisted)
periodic boundary condition. This analytical relation indicates that low-lying
Dirac modes have little contribution to the Polyakov loop. Using lattice QCD
simulations, we numerically confirm the analytical relation and the negligible
contribution of low-lying Dirac modes to the Polyakov loop at the quenched
level, i.e., the Polyakov loop is almost unchanged by removing low-lying
Dirac-mode contribution from the QCD vacuum generated by lattice QCD in both
confinement and deconfinement phases. Thus, we conclude that there is no
one-to-one correspondence between confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in
QCD. As a new method, modifying the Kogut-Susskind formalism, we develop a
method for spin-diagonalizing the Dirac operator on the temporally odd-number
lattice.


title: A new model in the Calogero-Ruijsenaars family

abstract:
  Hamiltonian reduction is used to project a trivially integrable system on the
Heisenberg double of $SU(n,n)$, to obtain a system of Ruijsenaars type on a
suitable quotient space. This system possesses $BC_n$ symmetry and is shown to
be equivalent to the standard three-parameter $BC_n$ hyperbolic Sutherland
model in the cotangent bundle limit.


title:
Angular distributions of the polarized photons and electron in the
  decays of the $^3D_3$ state of charmonium

abstract:
  We calculate the combined angular distribution functions of the polarized
photons ($\gamma_1$ and $\gamma_2$) and electron ($e^-$) produced in the
cascade process $\bar{p}p\rightarrow$ $^3D_3\rightarrow$
$^3P_2+\gamma_1\rightarrow$
$(\psi+\gamma_2)+\gamma_1\rightarrow(e^++e^-)+\gamma_1+\gamma_2$, when the
colliding $\bar{p}$ and $p$ are unpolarized. Our results are independent of any
dynamical models and are expressed in terms of the spherical harmonics whose
coefficients are functions of the angular-momentum helicity amplitudes of the
individual processes. Once the joint angular distribution of ($\gamma_1$,
$\gamma_2$) and that of ($\gamma_2$, $e^-$) with the polarization of either one
of the two particles are measured, our results will enable one to determine the
relative magnitudes as well as the relative phases of all the angular-momentum
helicity amplitudes in the radiative decay processes $^3D_3\rightarrow$
$^3P_2+\gamma_1$ and $^3P_2\rightarrow\psi+\gamma_2$.


title: Near-Optimal Entrywise Sampling for Data Matrices

abstract:
  We consider the problem of selecting non-zero entries of a matrix $A$ in
order to produce a sparse sketch of it, $B$, that minimizes $\|A-B\|_2$. For
large $m \times n$ matrices, such that $n \gg m$ (for example, representing $n$
observations over $m$ attributes) we give sampling distributions that exhibit
four important properties. First, they have closed forms computable from
minimal information regarding $A$. Second, they allow sketching of matrices
whose non-zeros are presented to the algorithm in arbitrary order as a stream,
with $O(1)$ computation per non-zero. Third, the resulting sketch matrices are
not only sparse, but their non-zero entries are highly compressible. Lastly,
and most importantly, under mild assumptions, our distributions are provably
competitive with the optimal offline distribution. Note that the probabilities
in the optimal offline distribution may be complex functions of all the entries
in the matrix. Therefore, regardless of computational complexity, the optimal
distribution might be impossible to compute in the streaming model.


title:
A Qualitative Representation and Similarity Measurement Method in
  Geographic Information Retrieval

abstract:
  The modern geographic information retrieval technology is based on
quantitative models and methods. The semantic information in web documents and
queries cannot be effectively represented, leading to information lost or
misunderstanding so that the results are either unreliable or inconsistent. A
new qualitative approach is thus proposed for supporting geographic information
retrieval based on qualitative representation, semantic matching, and
qualitative reasoning. A qualitative representation model and the corresponding
similarity measurement method are defined. Information in documents and user
queries are represented using propositional logic, which considers the thematic
and geographic semantics synthetically. Thematic information is represented as
thematic propositions on the base of domain ontology. Similarly, spatial
information is represented as geo-spatial propositions with the support of
geographic knowledge base. Then the similarity is divided into thematic
similarity and spatial similarity. The former is calculated by the weighted
distance of proposition keywords in the domain ontology, and the latter
similarity is further divided into conceptual similarity and spatial
similarity. Represented by propositions and information units, the similarity
measurement can take evidence theory and fuzzy logic to combine all sub
similarities to get the final similarity between documents and queries. This
novel retrieval method is mainly used to retrieve the qualitative geographic
information to support the semantic matching and results ranking. It does not
deal with geometric computation and is consistent with human commonsense
cognition, and thus can improve the efficiency of geographic information
retrieval technology.


title:
Engineering Topological Surface States and Giant Rashba Spin Splitting
  in BiTeI/Bi$_2$Te$_3$ Heterostructures

abstract:
  The search for strongly inversion asymmetric topological insulators is an
active research field because these materials possess distinct properties
compared with the inversion symmetric ones. In particular, it is desirable to
realize a large Rashba spin-splitting (RSS) in such materials, which combined
with the topological surface states (TSS) could lead to useful spintronics
applications. In this report, based on first principles calculations, we
predict that the heterostructure of BiTeI/Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ is a strong
topological insulator with a giant RSS. The coexistence of TSS and RSS in the
current system is native and stable. More importantly, we find that both the
$\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ invariants and the Rashba energy can be controlled by
engineering the layer geometries of the heterostructure, and the Rashba energy
can be made even larger than that of bulk BiTeI. Our work opens a new route for
designing topological spintronics devices based on inversion asymmetric
heterostructures.


title: Overlap/Domain-wall reweighting

abstract:
  We investigate the eigenvalues of nearly chiral lattice Dirac operators
constructed with five-dimensional implementations. Allowing small violation of
the Ginsparg-Wilson relation, the HMC simulation is made much faster while the
eigenvalues are not significantly affected. We discuss the possibility of
reweighting the gauge configurations generated with domain-wall fermions to
those of exactly chiral lattice fermions.


title: Jacobi diagrams on surfaces and quantum invariants

abstract:
  We adapt the notion of Jacobi diagrams on surfaces (considered by
Andersen-Mattes-Reshetikhin), and construct a LMO-like map that we use to
compare some functoriality properties of WRT and LMO invariants.


title:
Chaotic parameter $\lambda$ in Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry in an
  anisotropic boson gas model

abstract:
  Using one- and two-body density matrices, we calculate the spatial and
momentum distributions, two-particle Hanbury-Brown Twiss (HBT) correlation
functions, and the chaotic parameter $\lambda$ in HBT interferometry for the
systems of boson gas within the harmonic oscillator potentials with anisotropic
frequencies in transverse and longitudinal directions. The HBT chaotic
parameter, which can be obtained by measuring the correlation functions at zero
relative momentum of the particle pair, is related to the degree of
Bose-Einstein condensation and thus the system environment. We investigate the
effects of system temperature, particle number, and the average momentum of the
particle pair on the chaotic parameter. The value of $\lambda$ decreases with
the condensed fraction, $f_0$. It is one for $f_0=0$ and zero for $f_0=1$. For
a certain $f_0$ between 0 and 1, we find that $\lambda$ increases with the
average momentum of the particle pair and decreases with the particle number of
system. The results of $\lambda$ are sensitive to the ratio,
$\nu=\omega_z/\omega_{\rho}$, of the frequencies in longitudinal and transverse
directions. They are smaller for larger $\nu$ when $\omega_{\rho}$ is fixed. In
the heavy ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energy the large
identical pion multiplicity may possibly lead to a considerable Bose-Einstein
condensation. Its effect on the chaotic parameter in two-pion interferometry is
worth considering in earnest.


title: Describing orbit space of global unitary actions for mixed qudit states

abstract:
  The unitary $ \mathrm{U}(d)$-equivalence relation between elements of the
space $\mathfrak{P}_+\,$ of mixed states of $d$-dimensional quantum system
defines the orbit space $ \mathfrak{P}_+/ \mathrm{U}(d)\,$ and provides its
description in terms the ring $\mathbb{R}[\mathfrak{P}_+]^{\mathrm{U}(d)}\,$ of
$\mathrm{U}(d)$-invariant polynomials. We prove that the semi-algebraic
structure of $ \mathfrak{P}_+/ \mathrm{U}(d)\, $ is determined completely by
two basic properties of density matrices, their semi-positivity and Hermicity.
Particularly, it is shown that the Processi-Schwarz inequalities in elements of
integrity basis for $\mathbb{R}[\mathfrak{P}_+]^{\mathrm{U}(d)}\,$ defining the
orbit space, are identically satisfied for all elements of $\mathfrak{P}_+$.


title:
Gauge invariant regularization of QCD on the Light Front with the
  lattice in transverse space coordinates

abstract:
  It is introduced the gauge invariant regularization of Quantum Chromodynamics
(QCD), adjusted to modeling nonperturbative vacuum effects in QCD on the light
front (LF) via modeling the dynamics of zero Fourier modes of fields on the LF.


title:
Convergence in Comparable Almost Periodic Reaction-Diffusion Systems
  with Dirichlet Boundary Condition

abstract:
  The paper is to study the asymptotic dynamics in nonmonotone comparable
almost periodic reaction-diffusion system with Dirichlet boundary condition,
which is comparable with uniformly stable strongly order-preserving system. By
appealing to the theory of skew-product semiflows, we obtain the asymptotic
almost periodicity of uniformly stable solutions to the comparable
reaction-diffusion system.


title: Detecting Fulde-Ferrell superconductors by an Andreev interferometer

abstract:
  We propose an Andreev interferometer, based on a branched Y-junction, to
detect the finite momentum pairing in Fulde-Ferrell (FF) superconductors. In
this interferometer, the oscillation of subgap conductance is a unique function
of phase difference between the two channels of the Y-junction, which is
determined by the phase modulation of the order parameter in the FF
superconductors. This interferometer has the potential not only to determine
the magnitude but also the direction of the momentum of Cooper pairs in the FF
superconductor. The possible applications of the interferometer in the
identification of the finite momentum pairing in non-centrosymmetric
superconductors are also discussed.


title: Lightcurve Survey of V-type Asteroids in the Inner Asteroid Belt

abstract:
  We have observed the lightcurves of 13 V-type asteroids ((1933) Tinchen,
(2011) Veteraniya, (2508) Alupka, (3657) Ermolova, (3900) Knezevic, (4005)
Dyagilev, (4383) Suruga, (4434) Nikulin, (4796) Lewis, (6331) 1992
$\mathrm{FZ_{1}}$, (8645) 1998 TN, (10285) Renemichelsen, and (10320) Reiland).
Using these observations we determined the rotational rates of the asteroids,
with the exception of Nikulin and Renemichelsen. The distribution of rotational
rates of 59 V-type asteroids in the inner main belt, including 29 members of
the Vesta family that are regarded as ejecta from the asteroid (4) Vesta, is
inconsistent with the best-fit Maxwellian distribution. This inconsistency may
be due to the effect of thermal radiation
Yarkovsky--O'Keefe--Radzievskii--Paddack (YORP) torques, and implies that the
collision event that formed V-type asteroids is sub-billion to several billion
years in age.


title:
Application of High Intensity THz Pulses for Gas High Harmonic
  Generation

abstract:
  The main effects of an intense THz pulse on gas high harmonic generation are
studied via trajectory analysis on the single atom level. Spectral and temporal
modifications to the generated radiation are highlighted.


title:
Synchrosqueezed Wave Packet Transforms and Diffeomorphism Based Spectral
  Analysis for 1D General Mode Decompositions

abstract:
  This paper develops new theory and algorithms for 1D general mode
decompositions. First, we introduce the 1D synchrosqueezed wave packet
transform and prove that it is able to estimate the instantaneous information
of well-separated modes from their superposition accurately. The
synchrosqueezed wave packet transform has a better resolution than the
synchrosqueezed wavelet transform in the time-frequency domain for separating
high frequency modes. Second, we present a new approach based on
diffeomorphisms for the spectral analysis of general shape functions. These two
methods lead to a framework for general mode decompositions under a weak
well-separation condition and a well different condition. Numerical examples of
synthetic and real data are provided to demonstrate the fruitful applications
of these methods.


title:
Interplay of superconductivity and magnetism in FeSe$_{1-x}$Te$_x$
  compounds. Pressure effects

abstract:
  The influence of uniform pressures $P$ up to 5 kbar on the superconducting
transition temperature $T_c$ was studied for the FeSe$_{1-x}$Te$_x$ ($x=0$,
0.85, 0.88 and 0.9) system. For the first time, we observed a change in sign of
the pressure effect on $T_c$ when going from FeSe to tellurium rich alloys.
This has allowed to specify the pressure derivative d$T_c$/d$P$ for the system
as a function of composition. The observed dependence was compared with results
of the {\em ab initio} calculations of electronic structure and magnetism of
FeSe, FeTe and FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$, and also with our recent experimental
data on pressure effects on magnetic susceptibilities of FeSe and FeTe
compounds in the normal state. This comparison demonstrates a competing
interplay between superconductivity and magnetism in tellurium rich
FeSe$_{1-x}$Te$_x$ compounds


title:
Influence of spin dependent carrier dynamics on the properties of a
  dual-frequency vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL)

abstract:
  The properties of a dual-frequency vertical external cavity surface emitting
laser (VECSEL), in which two linear orthogonal polarization modes are
oscillating simultaneously, are theoretically investigated. We derive a model
based on the ideas introduced by San Miguel et al. [San Miguel, Feng, and
Moloney, Phys. Rev. A \textbf{52}, 1728 (1995)], taking into account the spin
dynamics of the carriers inside the quantum well (QW) based gain medium of the
dual-frequency VECSEL. This model is shown to succeed in describing quite a few
properties of the dual-frequency VECSEL, such as the behavior of nonlinear
coupling strength between the modes, the spectral behavior of intensity noises
of the modes, and also the correlation between these intensity noises. A good
agreement is found with experimental data. The variables associated with the
spin dependent carrier dynamics can be adiabatically eliminated due to the
class-A dynamical behavior of the considered laser which is based on a cm-long
external cavity. This leads to a simple analytical description of the dynamics
of the dual-frequency VECSEL providing a better understanding of the physics
involved


title: Data Portraits: Connecting People of Opposing Views

abstract:
  Social networks allow people to connect with each other and have
conversations on a wide variety of topics. However, users tend to connect with
like-minded people and read agreeable information, a behavior that leads to
group polarization. Motivated by this scenario, we study how to take advantage
of partial homophily to suggest agreeable content to users authored by people
with opposite views on sensitive issues. We introduce a paradigm to present a
data portrait of users, in which their characterizing topics are visualized and
their corresponding tweets are displayed using an organic design. Among their
tweets we inject recommended tweets from other people considering their views
on sensitive issues in addition to topical relevance, indirectly motivating
connections between dissimilar people. To evaluate our approach, we present a
case study on Twitter about a sensitive topic in Chile, where we estimate user
stances for regular people and find intermediary topics. We then evaluated our
design in a user study. We found that recommending topically relevant content
from authors with opposite views in a baseline interface had a negative
emotional effect. We saw that our organic visualization design reverts that
effect. We also observed significant individual differences linked to
evaluation of recommendations. Our results suggest that organic visualization
may revert the negative effects of providing potentially sensitive content.


title:
A Fast local Reconstruction algorithm by selective backprojection for
  Low-Dose in Dental Computed Tomography

abstract:
  High radiation dose in computed tomography (CT) scans increases the lifetime
risk of cancer, which become a major clinical concern. The
backprojection-filtration (BPF) algorithm could reduce radiation dose by
reconstructing images from truncated data in a short scan. In dental CT, it
could reduce radiation dose for the teeth by using the projection acquired in a
short scan, and could avoid irradiation to other part by using truncated
projection. However, the limit of integration for backprojection varies per
PI-line, resulting in low calculation efficiency and poor parallel performance.
Recently, a tent BPF (T-BPF) has been proposed to improve calculation
efficiency by rearranging projection. However, the memory-consuming data
rebinning process is included. Accordingly, the chose-BPF (C-BPF) algorithm is
proposed in this paper. In this algorithm, the derivative of projection is
backprojected to the points whose x coordinate is less than that of the source
focal spot to obtain the differentiated backprojection (DBP). The finite
Hilbert inverse is then applied to each PI-line segment. C-BPF avoids the
influence of the variable limit of integration by selective backprojection
without additional time cost or memory cost. The simulation experiment and the
real experiment demonstrated the higher reconstruction efficiency of C-BPF.


title: Parity-Mixed Superconductivity in Locally Non-centrosymmetric System

abstract:
  We study the parity-mixed superconductivity in locally non-centrosymmetric
systems. In multilayer systems an inhomogeneous Rashba spin-orbit coupling is
induced by the local violation of inversion symmetry. Our previous study
revealed that a pair-density wave (PDW) phase, with a sign-modulated order
parameter, is stabilized in the spin-singlet multilayer superconductors owing
to the spin-orbit coupling. In this letter, we show that the uniform
spin-triplet superconductivity emerges through parity mixing in the PDW phase,
taking into account a weak interaction in the spin-triplet channel, which was
neglected in our previous study. The spin-triplet superconducting phase is
nonunitary owing to field-induced parity mixing. The critical magnetic field is
markedly increased by the emergence of spin-triplet superconductivity. We
calculate the density of states and analyze the signature specific to this
phase.


title: Holographic Ricci dark energy and generalized second law

abstract:
  We explore the validity of the generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics
in flat FRW universe with apparent horizon and event horizon as the boundary.
We found that in a universe with holographic Ricci dark energy and dark matter,
interacting with each other, the GSL is satisfied at the apparent horizon and
partially satisfied at the event horizon under thermal equilibrium conditions.
We also analyses the GSL under non-equilibrium conditions and shows that the
fulfillment of GSL at the apparent horizon implies that the temperature of the
dark energy is greater than that of the horizon. Thus there occurs a flow of
dark energy towards the apparent horizon. As a result the entropy of the dark
energy decreases and that of horizon increases. This is verified by finding the
evolution of the dark energy entropy and horizon entropy in a dark energy
dominated universe under non-equilibrium conditions.


title: Confronting LHC data with the statistical hadronization model

abstract:
  The most recent data from the CERN LHC are compared with calculations within
the statistical hadronization model. The parameters temperature und baryon
chemical potential are fitted to the data. The best fit yields a temperature of
156 MeV, slightly below the expectation from RHIC data. Proton yields are
nearly three standard deviations below this fit and possible reasons are
discussed.


title: Remarks on 5-dimensional complete intersections

abstract:
  This paper will give some examples of diffeomorphic complex 5-dimensional
complete intersections and remarks on these examples. Then a result on the
existence of diffeomorphic complete intersections that belong to components of
the moduli space of different dimensions will be given as a supplement to the
results of P.Br\"uckmann (J. reine angew. Math. 476 (1996), 209-215; 525
(2000), 213-217).