title: Crossover regimes in lower dimensional structures

abstract:
  Modern growth and fabrication techniques can produce lower dimensional
structures in the crossover regime. Such structures in the crossover regime can
provide tunability of various properties. For example, a zero-dimensional (0-D)
structure evolving towards a 2-D structure shows electronic structure which is
neither 0-D-like, nor 2-D-like. Within the crossover regime the electronic
density of states (DOS) at Fermi level (Ef) keeps on changing as the size of
the system changes. DOS at Ef determines many properties of materials, such as
electronic specific heat, spin susceptibility etc. Keeping the importance of
DOS at Ef in mind, we determine their values and other details of electronic
structure of lower dimensional structures of metals, in the 0-D to 1-D, 1-D to
2-D, 2-D to 3-D, 0-D to 2-D, 0-D to 3-Dand 1-D to 3-Dcrossover regimes, in a
simple free electron model. We compare our results with analytical theory and
experimental results, wherever available. We also present some results obtained
by scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements on Ag islands on Si(111)
evolving from a 0-D to a 2-D structure. This simple model is quite useful in
understanding lower dimensional structures in the crossover regimes.


title: Albanese and Picard 1-Motives in Positive Characteristic

abstract:
  We define 1-motives of a variety X over a perfect field of positive
characteristic which realize the etale cohomology groups of X in dimension and
codimension one. This is the analogue in positive characteristic of previous
results of Barbieri-Viale and Srinivas, except that we only consider the etale
realization but also consider compactly supported cohomology. The dimension-1
case (called the Picard 1-motives) can be done by standard techniques, and
indeed this case is probably well known. But the codimension-one case (Albanese
1-motive) requires stronger tools, namely a strong version of de Jong's
alterations theorem and some cycle class theory on smooth Deligne-Mumford
stacks which may be of independent interest. Unfortunately, we only succeed in
defining the Albanese 1-motive for a variety X over an algebraically closed
base field, and only up to isogeny. As a corollary to our definition of these
1-motives we deduce some independence of l results when X is a variety over a
finite field.


title: Atmospheric Aerosols at the MAGIC Site

abstract:
  We investigate the performance of the MAGIC telescopes under three simulated
atmospheric conditions: an increased aerosol content in the lower part of the
troposphere, the presence of thin aerosol over-densities at different heights,
and an extremely clean atmosphere. Weshow how the effective area of the
telescope system is gradually reduced in the presence of varying concentrations
of aerosols whereas the energy threshold rises. Clouds at different heights
produce energy and altitude-dependent effects on the performance of the system.


title:
Production of J/psi+eta(c) vs. J/psi+J/psi at the LHC: Impact of Real
  alpha_s^5 corrections

abstract:
  We proceed for the first time to the evaluation of the Born cross section for
J/psi+eta(c) production, namely via g+g -> J/psi+eta(c)+g, and show that it has
a harder P_T spectrum than the J/psi-pair yield at Born level. If one stuck to
a comparison at Born level, one would conclude that J/psi+eta(c) production
would surpass that of J/psi+J/psi at large P_T. This is nonetheless not the
case since J/psi-pair production, as for single J/psi, receives leading-P_T
contributions at higher orders in alpha_s. We also present the first evaluation
of these leading-P_T next-to-leading order contributions. These are indeed
significant for increasing P_T and are of essential relevance for comparison
with forthcoming data. We also compute kinematic correlations relevant for
double-parton-scattering studies. Finally, we evaluate the polarisation of a
J/psi accompanied either by a eta(c) or a J/psi and another light parton. These
results may be of great help to understand the polarisation of quarkonia
produced at high energies.


title:
Discovery of the mysterious gamma-ray source HESS J1832-093 in the
  vicinity of SNR G22.7-0.2

abstract:
  Thanks to the use of advanced analysis techniques, the H.E.S.S. imaging
Cherenkov telescope array has now reached a sensitivity level allowing the
detection of sources with fluxes around 1% of the Crab with a limited
observation time (less than ~100 hours). 67 hours of observations in the region
of the supernova remnant G22.7-0.2 thus yielded the detection of the faint
point-like source HESS J1832-093 in spatial coincidence with a part of the
radio shell of the supernova remnant. A multi-wavelength search for
counterparts was then performed and led to the elaboration of various scenarii
in order to explain the origin of the very high energy excess. The presence of
molecular clouds in the line of sight could indicate a hadronic origin through
\pi^0 production and decay. However, the discovery of an X-ray point source and
its potential infrared counterpart give rise to other possibilities such as a
pulsar wind nebula nature or a binary system. The latest results on this source
are presented as well as the different scenarii brought by the multi-wavelength
observations.


title: Separable states improve protocols with restricted randomness

abstract:
  It is known from Bell's theorem that quantum predictions for some entangled
states cannot be mimicked using local hidden variable (LHV) models. From a
computer science perspective, LHV models may be interpreted as classical
computers operating on a potentially infinite number of correlated bits
originating from a common source. As such, Bell inequality violations achieved
through entangled states are able to characterise the quantum advantage of
certain tasks, so long as the task itself imposes no restriction on the
availability of correlated bits. However, if the number of shared bits is
limited, additional constraints are placed on the possible LHV models and
separable, i.e. disentangled, states may become a useful resource. Bell
violations are therefore no longer necessary to achieve a quantum advantage.
Here we show that in particular, separable states may improve the so-called
random access codes, which is a class of communication problems where one party
tries to read a portion of the data held by another distant party in presence
of finite shared randomness and limited classical communication. We also show
how the bias of classical bits can be used to avoid wrong answers in order to
achieve the optimal classical protocol and how the advantage of quantum
protocols is linked to quantum discord.


title: Nonlocality in sequential correlation scenarios

abstract:
  As first shown by Popescu [S. Popescu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2619 (1995)],
some quantum states only reveal their nonlocality when subjected to a sequence
of measurements while giving rise to local correlations in standard Bell tests.
Motivated by this manifestation of "hidden nonlocality" we set out to develop a
general framework for the study of nonlocality when sequences of measurements
are performed. Similar to [R. Gallego et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 070401
(2013)] our approach is operational, i.e. the task is to identify the set of
allowed operations in sequential correlation scenarios and define nonlocality
as the resource that cannot be created by these operations. This leads to a
characterisation of sequential nonlocality that contains as particular cases
standard nonlocality and hidden nonlocality.


title: The representation type of Jacobian algebras

abstract:
  We show that the representation type of the Jacobian algebra P(Q,S)
associated to a 2-acyclic quiver Q with non-degenerate potential S is invariant
under QP-mutations. We prove that, apart from very few exceptions, P(Q,S) is of
tame representation type if and only if Q is of finite mutation type. We also
show that most quivers Q of finite mutation type admit only one non-degenerate
potential up to weak right equivalence. In this case, the isomorphism class of
P(Q,S) depends only on Q and not on S.


title: Localization of relativistic particles and uncertainty relations

abstract:
  Localization of relativistic particles and their position-momentum
uncertainty relations are not yet fully understood. We discuss two schemes of
photon localization that are based on the energy density. One scheme produces a
positive operator-valued measure for localization. It coincides with the number
density operator and reproduces the effective 3x3 polarization density matrix.
Another scheme results in a probability distribution that is conditioned on the
detection. In both schemes the uncertainty relations for transversal position
and momentum approach the Heisenberg bound $\Delta p \Delta z= \hbar/2$


title: Some results on the structure of multipoles in the study of snarks

abstract:
  Multipoles are the pieces we obtain by cutting some edges of a cubic graph.
As a result of the cut, a multipole $M$ has dangling edges with one free end,
which we call semiedges. Then, every 3-edge-coloring of a multipole induces a
coloring or state of its semiedges, which satisfies the Parity Lemma.
Multipoles have been extensively used in the study of snarks, that is, cubic
graphs which are not 3-edge-colorable. Some results on the states and structure
of the so-called color complete and color closed multipoles are presented. In
particular, we give lower and upper linear bounds on the minimum order of a
color complete multipole, and compute its exact number of states. Given two
multipoles $M_1$ and $M_2$ with the same number of semiedges, we say that $M_1$
is reducible to $M_2$ if the state set of $M_2$ is a non-empty subset of the
state set of $M_1$ and $M_2$ has less vertices than $M_1$. The function $v(m)$
is defined as the maximum number of vertices of an irreducible multipole with
$m$ semiedges. The exact values of $v(m)$ are only known for $m\le 5$. We prove
that tree and cycle multipoles are irreducible and, as a byproduct, that $v(m)$
has a linear lower bound.


title:
Termination control of electronic phases in oxide thin films and
  interfaces: LaAlO3/SrTiO3(001)

abstract:
  A wealth of intriguing properties emerge in the seemingly simple system
composed of the band insulators LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 such as a two-dimensional
electron gas, superconductivity and magnetism. In this paper we review the
current insight obtained from first principles calculations on the mechanisms
governing the behavior of thin LaAlO3 films on SrTiO3(001). In particular, we
explore the strong dependence of the electronic properties on the surface and
interface termination, the finite film thickness, lattice polarization and
defects. A further aspect that is addressed is how the electronic behavior and
functionality can be tuned by a SrTiO3 capping layer, adsorbates and metallic
contacts. Lastly, we discuss recent reports on the coexistence of magnetism and
superconductivity in this system for what they might imply about the electronic
structure of this system.


title: Parameterized Complexity of k-Chinese Postman Problem

abstract:
  We consider the following problem called the $k$-Chinese Postman Problem
($k$-CPP): given a connected edge-weighted graph $G$ and integers $p$ and $k$,
decide whether there are at least $k$ closed walks such that every edge of $G$
is contained in at least one of them and the total weight of the edges in the
walks is at most $p$? The problem $k$-CPP is NP-complete, and van Bevern et al.
(to appear) and Sorge (2013) asked whether the $k$-CPP is fixed-parameter
tractable when parameterized by $k$. We prove that the $k$-CPP is indeed
fixed-parameter tractable. In fact, we prove a stronger result: the problem
admits a kernel with $O(k^2\log k)$ vertices. We prove that the directed
version of $k$-CPP is NP-complete and ask whether the directed version is
fixed-parameter tractable when parameterized by $k$.


title:
Temperature-dependent exchange bias properties of polycrystalline
  PtxCo1-x/CoO bilayers

abstract:
  Temperature and PtCo composition dependence of exchange bias in PtxCo1-x/CoO
bilayers is investigated. It is observed that exchange bias properties,
blocking temperature and magnetic anisotropy of the PtxCo1-x/CoO thin films are
strongly affected by the concentration of Pt at the common interface. A
detailed structural analysis of antiferromagnetic CoO has been done by x-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The XPS data revealed that CoO layer grows
with non-stoichiometric behavior which results in other cobalt oxide phases and
thus lowers blocking temperature for the exchange biased systems. Increase of
Pt concentration in PtCo layer strengths the exchange bias and thus decreases
training of the system. It also results in enhancement of growth-induced
uniaxial magnetic anisotropy and onset of exchange bias at higher temperatures.
The role of Pt concentration on the interfacial interactions between
ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic layers, and the effect of
superstoichiometric CoO on blocking temperature are also discussed.


title:
Using Incomplete Information for Complete Weight Annotation of Road
  Networks -- Extended Version

abstract:
  We are witnessing increasing interests in the effective use of road networks.
For example, to enable effective vehicle routing, weighted-graph models of
transportation networks are used, where the weight of an edge captures some
cost associated with traversing the edge, e.g., greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
or travel time. It is a precondition to using a graph model for routing that
all edges have weights. Weights that capture travel times and GHG emissions can
be extracted from GPS trajectory data collected from the network. However, GPS
trajectory data typically lack the coverage needed to assign weights to all
edges. This paper formulates and addresses the problem of annotating all edges
in a road network with travel cost based weights from a set of trips in the
network that cover only a small fraction of the edges, each with an associated
ground-truth travel cost. A general framework is proposed to solve the problem.
Specifically, the problem is modeled as a regression problem and solved by
minimizing a judiciously designed objective function that takes into account
the topology of the road network. In particular, the use of weighted PageRank
values of edges is explored for assigning appropriate weights to all edges, and
the property of directional adjacency of edges is also taken into account to
assign weights. Empirical studies with weights capturing travel time and GHG
emissions on two road networks (Skagen, Denmark, and North Jutland, Denmark)
offer insight into the design properties of the proposed techniques and offer
evidence that the techniques are effective.


title: On eigenfunction expansion of solutions to the Hamilton equations

abstract:
  We establish a spectral representation for solutions to linear Hamilton
equations with positive definite energy in a Hilbert space. Our approach is a
special version of M. Krein's spectral theory of J-selfadjoint operators is the
Hilbert spaces with an indefinite metric. Our main result is an application to
the eigenfunction expansion for the linearized relativistic Ginzburg-Landau
equation.


title:
Dip and Buffering in a fast-slow system associated to Brain Lactacte
  Kinetics

abstract:
  High-dimensional compartmental dynamical systems have been introduced to
model brain metabolism. In this article, an approach is proposed to their
mathematical analysis. Reductions of these models are obtained by replacing
several compartments by a control term. The analysis focuses here on lactate
kinetics. A mathematical analysis of the initial dip of lactacte, observed
under stimulation, and of the periodic buffering, underlying the re- sponse to
a repetitive sequence of identical stimuli, can be proposed. This mathematical
analysis relies on asymptotics techniques of time multi-scaled dynamical
systems such as averaging along slow manifolds.


title:
On Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition and universal
  breathing mode in two dimensional photon gas

abstract:
  A system of two dimensional photon gas has recently been realized
experimentally. It is pointed out that this setup can be used to observe a
universal breathing mode of photon gas. It is shown that a modification in the
experimental setup would open up a possibility of observing the
Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) phase transition in such a system. It is
shown that the universal jump in the superfluid density of light in the output
channel can be used as an unambiguous signature for the experimental
verification of the BKT transition.


title: Partition regularity of a system of De and Hindman

abstract:
  We prove that a certain matrix, which is not image partition regular over R
near zero, is image partition regular over N. This answers a question of De and
Hindman.


title:
Temperature and chemical potential dependence of the gluon condensate: a
  holographic study

abstract:
  The lowest dimensional gluon condensate $G_2$ is analyzed at finite
temperature and chemical potential using a holographic model of QCD with
conformal invariance broken by a background dilaton. Starting from the free
energy of the model, the thermodynamical quantities needed to determine the $T$
and $\mu$ dependence of the gluon condensate are evaluated. At high temperature
the gluon condensate is independent of chemical potential. Moreover, at $\mu=0$
and in the string frame, the temporal and spatial Wilson loops at low
temperature are computed; they are related to the (chromo) electric and
magnetic components of $G_2$, respectively. The $T$-dependence of the two
components is separately determined.


title:
Cooperative Relaying in Wireless Networks under Spatially and Temporally
  Correlated Interference

abstract:
  We analyze the performance of an interference-limited, decode-and-forward,
cooperative relaying system that comprises a source, a destination, and $N$
relays, placed arbitrarily on the plane and suffering from interference by a
set of interferers placed according to a spatial Poisson process. In each
transmission attempt, first the transmitter sends a packet; subsequently, a
single one of the relays that received the packet correctly, if such a relay
exists, retransmits it. We consider both selection combining and maximal ratio
combining at the destination, Rayleigh fading, and interferer mobility.
  We derive expressions for the probability that a single transmission attempt
is successful, as well as for the distribution of the transmission attempts
until a packet is transmitted successfully. Results provide design guidelines
applicable to a wide range of systems. Overall, the temporal and spatial
characteristics of the interference play a significant role in shaping the
system performance. Maximal ratio combining is only helpful when relays are
close to the destination; in harsh environments, having many relays is
especially helpful, and relay placement is critical; the performance improves
when interferer mobility increases; and a tradeoff exists between energy
efficiency and throughput.


title:
Time-shift invariance determines the functional shape of the current in
  dissipative rocking ratchets

abstract:
  Ratchets are devices able to rectify an otherwise oscillatory behavior by
exploiting an asymmetry of the system. In rocking ratchets the asymmetry is
induced through a proper choice of external forces and modulations of nonlinear
symmetric potentials. The ratchet currents thus obtained in systems as
different as semiconductors, Josephson junctions, optical lattices, or
ferrofluids, show a set of universal features. A satisfactory explanation for
them has challenged theorist for decades, and so far we still lack a general
theory of this phenomenon. Here we provide such a theory by exploring
---through functional analysis--- the constraints that the simple assumption of
time-shift invariance of the ratchet current imposes on its dependence on the
external drivings. Because the derivation is based on so general a principle,
the resulting expression is valid irrespective of the details and the nature of
the physical systems to which it is applied, and of whether they are classical,
quantum, or stochastic. The theory also explains deviations observed from
universality under special conditions, and allows to make predictions of
phenomena not yet observed in any experiment or simulation.


title: MAGIC Gamma-ray Observations of the Perseus Galaxy Cluster

abstract:
  In order to detect the gamma-ray emission from cosmic ray (CR) interactions
with the intra-cluster medium, the ground-based imaging Cherenkov telescope
MAGIC conducted the deepest-to-date observational campaign targeting a galaxy
cluster at very high-energies (> 100 GeV) and observed the Perseus cluster for
a total of 85 hr during 2009-2011. The observations constrain the average
CR-to-thermal pressure ratio to be 1-2% and the maximum CR acceleration
efficiency at structure formation shocks to be <50%. Alternatively, this may
argue for non-negligible CR transport processes such as CR streaming and
diffusion into the outer cluster regions. Additionally, assuming that the
Perseus radio mini-halo is generated by secondaries created in hadronic CR
interactions, the central magnetic field is limited to be > 4-9 muG. This range
is well below the field strength inferred from Faraday rotation measurements
and, therefore, the hadronic model remains a plausible explanation of the
Perseus radio mini-halo. Following this successful campaign, MAGIC is
continuing collecting data on Perseus.


title: Characterization of positronium properties in doped liquid scintillators

abstract:
  Ortho-positronium (o-Ps) formation and decay can replace the annihilation
process, when positron interacts in liquid scintillator media. The delay
induced by the positronium decay represents either a potential signature for
anti-neutrino detection, via inverse beta decay, or to identify and suppress
positron background, as recently demonstrated by the Borexino experiment. The
formation probability and decay time of o-Ps depend strongly on the surrounding
material. In this paper, we characterize the o-Ps properties in liquid
scintillators as function of concentrations of gadolinium, lithium, neodymium,
and tellurium, dopers used by present and future neutrino experiments. In
particular, gadolinium and lithium are high neutron cross section isotopes,
widely used in reactor anti-neutrino experiments, while neodymium and tellurium
are double beta decay emitters, employed to investigates the Majorana neutrino
nature. Future neutrino experiments may profit from the performed measurements
to tune the preparation of the scintillator in order to maximize the o-Ps
signature, and therefore the discrimination power.


title:
Enabling Intensity and Energy Frontier Science with a Muon Accelerator
  Facility in the U.S.: A White Paper Submitted to the 2013 U.S. Community
  Summer Study of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical
  Society

abstract:
  A staged approach towards muon based facilities for Intensity and Energy
Frontier science, building upon existing and proposed facilities at Fermilab,
is presented. At each stage, a facility exploring new physics also provides an
R&D platform to validate the technology needed for subsequent stages. The
envisioned program begins with nuSTORM, a sensitive sterile neutrino search
which also provides precision neutrino cross-section measurements while
developing the technology of using and cooling muons. A staged Neutrino Factory
based upon Project X, sending beams towards the Sanford Underground Research
Facility (SURF), which will house the LBNE detector, could follow for detailed
exploration of neutrino properties at the Intensity Frontier, while also
establishing the technology of using intense bunched muon beams. The complex
could then evolve towards Muon Colliders, starting at 126 GeV with measurements
of the Higgs resonance to sub-MeV precision, and continuing to multi-TeV
colliders for the exploration of physics beyond the Standard Model at the
Energy Frontier. An Appendix addresses specific questions raised by the Lepton
Colliders subgroup of the CSS2013 Frontier Capabilities Study Group.


title:
A deep WISE search for very late type objects and the discovery of two
  halo/thick-disk T dwarfs: WISE 0013+0634 and WISE 0833+0052

abstract:
  A method is defined for identifying late T and Y dwarfs in WISE down to low
values of signal-to-noise. This requires a WISE detection only in the W2-band
and uses the statistical properties of the WISE multi-frame measurements and
profile fit photometry to reject contamination resulting from non-point-like
objects, variables and moving sources. To trace our desired parameter space we
use a control sample of isolated non-moving non-variable point sources from the
SDSS, and identify a sample of 158 WISE W2-only candidates down to a
signal-to-noise limit of 8. For signal-to-noise ranges >10 and 8-10
respectively, ~45% and ~90% of our sample fall outside the selection criteria
published by the WISE team (Kirkpatrick et al. 2012), due mainly to the type of
constraints placed on the number of individual W2 detections. We present
follow-up of eight candidates and identify WISE 0013+0634 and WISE 0833+0052,
T8 and T9 dwarfs with high proper motion (~1.3 and ~1.8 arcsec/yr). Both
objects show a mid-infrared/near-infrared excess of ~1-1.5 magnitudes, and are
K-band suppressed. Distance estimates lead to space motion constraints that
suggest halo (or at least thick disk) kinematics. We then assess the reduced
proper motion diagram of WISE ultracool dwarfs, which suggests that late T and
Y dwarfs may have a higher thick-disk/halo population fraction than earlier
objects.


title:
Magnetic phase diagram of low-doped La{2-x}SrxCuO4 thin films studied by
  low-energy muon-spin rotation

abstract:
  The magnetic phase diagram of La2-xSrxCuO4 thin-films grown on single-crystal
LaSrAlO4 substrates has been determined by low-energy muon-spin rotation. The
diagram shows the same features as the one of bulk La2-xSrxCuO4, but the
transition temperatures between distinct magnetic states are significantly
different. In the antiferromagnetic phase the Neel temperature TN is strongly
reduced, and no hole spin freezing is observed at low temperatures. In the
disordered magnetic phase (x>0.02) the transition temperature to the cluster
spin-glass state Tg is enhanced. Possible reasons for the pronounced
differences between the magnetic phase diagrams of thin-film and bulk samples
are discussed.


title: A note on T\"uring's 1936

abstract:
  T\"uring's argument that there can be no machine computing the diagonal on
the enumeration of the computable sequences is not a demonstration.


title: On time reversal in photoacoustic tomography for tissue similar to water

abstract:
  This paper is concerned with time reversal in \emph{photoacoustic tomography}
(PAT) of dissipative media that are similar to water. Under an appropriate
condition, it is shown that the time reversal method in \cite{Wa11,AmBrGaWa11}
based on the non-causal thermo-viscous wave equation can be used if the
non-causal data is replaced by a \emph{time shifted} set of causal data. We
investigate a similar imaging functional for time reversal and an operator
equation with the time reversal image as right hand side. If required, an
enhanced image can be obtained by solving this operator equation. Although time
reversal (for noise-free data) does not lead to the exact initial pressure
function, the theoretical and numerical results of this paper show that
regularized time reversal in dissipative media similar to water is a valuable
method. We note that the presented time reversal method can be considered as an
alternative to the causal approach in \cite{KaSc13} and a similar operator
equation may hold for their approach.


title: H-matrix approximability of the inverses of FEM matrices

abstract:
  We study the question of approximability for the inverse of the FEM stiffness
matrix for (scalar) second order elliptic boundary value problems by blockwise
low rank matrices such as those given by the H-matrix format. We show that
exponential convergence in the local block rank can be achieved. We also show
that exponentially accurate LU-decompositions in the H-matrix format are
possible for the stiffness matrices arising in the FEM. Unlike prior works, our
analysis avoids any coupling of the block rank r and the mesh width h and also
covers mixed Dirichlet-Neumann-Robin boundary conditions.


title: Method of problem solution of diffraction and scattering theory

abstract:
  Problem solutions in area of diffraction and of scattering theory are
considered from one point of view. The method common for them is based on
approximate orthogonality of solution constituents, which oscillate on a body
long frontier. Method potentiality is discussed.


title: A catalogue of bright (K < 9) M dwarfs

abstract:
  Using the Position and Proper Motion Extended-L (PPMXL) catalogue, we have
used optical and near-infrared colour cuts together with a reduced proper
motion cut to find bright M dwarfs for future exoplanet transit studies.
PPMXL's low proper motion uncertainties allow us to probe down to smaller
proper motions than previous similar studies. We have combined unique objects
found with this method to that of previous work to produce 8479 K<9 M dwarfs.
Low resolution spectroscopy was obtained of a sample of the objects found using
this selection method to gain statistics on their spectral type and physical
properties. Results show a spectral type range of K7-M4V. This catalogue is the
most complete collection of K<9 M dwarfs currently available and is made
available here.


title: Static Enforceability of XPath-Based Access Control Policies

abstract:
  We consider the problem of extending XML databases with fine-grained,
high-level access control policies specified using XPath expressions. Most
prior work checks individual updates dynamically, which is expensive (requiring
worst-case execution time proportional to the size of the database). On the
other hand, static enforcement can be performed without accessing the database
but may be incomplete, in the sense that it may forbid accesses that dynamic
enforcement would allow. We introduce topological characterizations of XPath
fragments in order to study the problem of determining when an access control
policy can be enforced statically without loss of precision. We introduce the
notion of fair policies that are statically enforceable, and study the
complexity of determining fairness and of static enforcement itself.


title: The Effects Of Computerizing Banking Operations

abstract:
  Computerizing banking operation has a far-reaching consequences,both
positively and negatively.But here,i have been able to deal with both effects
and proffer solutions on the best way to go about computerizing banking
operations.


title:
Inverse optical imaging viewed as a backward channel communication
  problem

abstract:
  The inverse problem in optics, which is closely related to the classical
question of the resolving power, is reconsidered as a communication channel
problem. The main result is the evaluation of the maximum number $M_\epsilon$
of $\epsilon$-distinguishable messages ($\epsilon$ being a bound on the noise
of the image) which can be conveyed back from the image to reconstruct the
object. We study the case of coherent illumination. By using the concept of
Kolmogorov's $\epsilon$-capacity, we obtain: $M_\epsilon ~ 2^{S
\log(1/\epsilon)} \to \infty$ as $\epsilon \to 0$, where S is the Shannon
number. Moreover, we show that the $\epsilon$-capacity in inverse optical
imaging is nearly equal to the amount of information on the object which is
contained in the image. We thus compare the results obtained through the
classical information theory, which is based on the probability theory, with
those derived from a form of topological information theory, based on
Kolmogorov's $\epsilon$-entropy and $\epsilon$-capacity, which are concepts
related to the evaluation of the massiveness of compact sets.


title:
The optimal free knot spline approximation of stochastic differential
  equations with additive noise

abstract:
  In this paper we analyse the pathwise approximation of stochastic
differential equations by polynomial splines with free knots. The pathwise
distance between the solution and its approximation is measured globally on the
unit interval in the $L_{\infty}$-norm, and we study the expectation of this
distance. For equations with additive noise we obtain sharp lower and upper
bounds for the minimal error in the class of arbitrary spline approximation
methods, which use $k$ free knots. The optimal order is achieved by an
approximation method $\hat{X}_{k}^{\dagger}$, which combines an Euler scheme on
a coarse grid with an optimal spline approximation of the Brownian motion $W$
with $k$ free knots.


title: The variable X-ray emission of PSR B0943+10

abstract:
  The old pulsar PSR B0943+10 (P=1.1 s, characteristic age tau=5 Myr) is the
best example of mode-switching radio pulsar. Its radio emission alternates
between a highly organized state with regular drifting subpulses (B mode) and a
chaotic emission pattern (Q mode). We present the results of XMM-Newton
observations showing that the X-ray properties of PSR B0943+10 depend on its
radio state (Hermsen et al. 2013). During the radio fainter state (Q mode) the
X-ray flux is more than a factor two larger than during the B-mode and X-ray
pulsations with about 50% pulsed fraction are detected. The X-ray emission of
PSR B0943+10 in the B-mode is well described by thermal emission with blackbody
temperature kT=0.26 keV coming from a small hot spot with luminosity of 7x10^28
erg/s, in good agreement with the prediction of the partially screened gap
model, which also explains the properties of the radio emission in this mode.
We derived an upper limit of 46% on the X-ray pulsed fraction in the B-mode,
consistent with the geometry and viewing angle of PSR B0943+10 inferred from
the radio data. The higher flux observed during the Q-mode is consistent with
the appearance of an additional component with a power-law spectrum with photon
index 2.2. We interpret it as pulsed non-thermal X-rays produced in the star
magnetosphere. A small change in the beaming pattern or in the efficiency of
acceleration of the particles responsible for the non-thermal emission can
explain the reduced flux of this component during the radio B-mode.


title:
Uniformly accurate numerical schemes for highly oscillatory Klein-Gordon
  and nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations

abstract:
  This work is devoted to the numerical simulation of nonlinear Schr\"odinger
and Klein-Gordon equations. We present a general strategy to construct
numerical schemes which are uniformly accurate with respect to the oscillation
frequency. This is a stronger feature than the usual so called "Asymptotic
preserving" property, the last being also satisfied by our scheme in the highly
oscillatory limit. Our strategy enables to simulate the oscillatory problem
without using any mesh or time step refinement, and the orders of our schemes
are preserved uniformly in all regimes. In other words, since our numerical
method is not based on the derivation and the simulation of asymptotic models,
it works in the regime where the solution does not oscillate rapidly, in the
highly oscillatory limit regime, and in the intermediate regime with the same
order of accuracy. In the same spirit as in [5], the method is based on two
main ingredients. First, we embed our problem in a suitable "two-scal"
reformulation with the introduction of an additional variable. Then a link is
made with classical strategies based on Chapman-Enskog expansions in kinetic
theory despite the dispersive context of the targeted equations, allowing to
separate the fast time scale from the slow one. Uniformly accurate (UA) schemes
are eventually derived from this new formulation and their properties and
performances are assessed both theoretically and numerically.


title:
Tomography of particle plasmon fields from electron energy loss
  spectroscopy

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) of
metallic nanoparticles in the optical frequency domain. Using a quasistatic
approximation scheme together with a plasmon eigenmode expansion, we show that
EELS can be rephrased in terms of a tomography problem. For selected single and
coupled nanoparticles we extract the three-dimensional plasmon fields from a
collection of rotated EELS maps. Our results pave the way for a fully
three-dimensional plasmon-field tomography and establish EELS as a quantitative
measurement device for plasmonics.


title: Optimal Stopping When the Absorbing Boundary is Following After

abstract:
  We consider a new type of optimal stopping problems where the absorbing
boundary moves as the state process X attains new maxima S. More specifically,
we set the absorbing boundary as S-b where b is a certain constant. This
problem is naturally connected with excursions from zero of the reflected
process S-X. We examine this constrained optimization with the state variable X
as a spectrally negative Levy process. The problem is in nature a
two-dimensional one. The threshold strategy given by the path of X is not in
fact optimal. It turns out, however, that we can reduce the original problem to
an infinite number of one-dimensional optimal stopping problems, and we find
explicit solutions. This work is motivated by the bank's profit maximization
with the constraint that it maintain a certain level of leverage ratio. When
the bank's asset value severely deteriorates, the bank's required capital
requirement shall be violated. This situation corresponds to X<S-b in our
setting. This model may well describe a real-life situation where even a big
bank can fail because the absorbing boundary is keeping up with the size of the
bank.


title:
Enzyme allocation problems in kinetic metabolic networks: Optimal
  solutions are elementary flux modes

abstract:
  The survival and proliferation of cells and organisms require a highly
coordinated allocation of cellular resources to ensure the efficient synthesis
of cellular components. In particular, the total enzymatic capacity for
cellular metabolism is limited by finite resources that are shared between all
enzymes, such as cytosolic space, energy expenditure for amino-acid synthesis,
or micro-nutrients. While extensive work has been done to study constrained
optimization problems based only on stoichiometric information, mathematical
results that characterize the optimal flux in kinetic metabolic networks are
still scarce. Here, we study constrained enzyme allocation problems with
general kinetics, using the theory of oriented matroids. We give a rigorous
proof for the fact that optimal solutions of the non-linear optimization
problem are elementary flux modes. This finding has significant consequences
for our understanding of optimality in metabolic networks as well as for the
identification of metabolic switches and the computation of optimal flux
distributions in kinetic metabolic networks.


title: Conservation of Total Escape from Hydrodynamic Planetary Atmospheres

abstract:
  Atmosphere escape is one key process controlling the evolution of planets.
However, estimating the escape rate in any detail is difficult because there
are many physical processes contributing to the total escape rate. Here we show
that as a result of energy conservation the total escape rate from hydrodynamic
planetary atmospheres where the outflow remains subsonic is nearly constant
under the same stellar XUV photon flux when increasing the escape efficiency
from the exobase level, consistent with the energy limited escape
approximation. Thus the estimate of atmospheric escape in a planet's evolution
history can be greatly simplified.


title:
217 km long distance photon-counting optical time-domain reflectometry
  based on ultra-low noise up-conversion single photon detector

abstract:
  We demonstrate a photon-counting optical time-domain reflectometry with 42.19
dB dynamic range using an ultra-low noise up-conversion single photon detector.
By employing the long wave pump technique and a volume Bragg grating, we reduce
the noise of our up-conversion single photon detector, and achieve a noise
equivalent power of -139.7 dBm/sqrt(Hz). We perform the OTDR experiments using
a fiber of length 216.95 km, and show that our system can identify defects
along the entire fiber length with a distance resolution better than 10 cm in a
measurement time of 13 minutes.


title: Rotation and alignment of high-$j$ orbitals in transfermium nuclei

abstract:
  The structure of nuclei with $Z\sim100$ is investigated systematically by the
Cranked Shell Model (CSM) with pairing correlations treated by a
Particle-Number Conserving (PNC) method. In the PNC method, the particle number
is conserved and the Pauli blocking effects are taken into account exactly. By
fitting the experimental single-particle spectra in these nuclei, a new set of
Nilsson parameters ($\kappa$ and $\mu$) is proposed. The experimental kinematic
moments of inertia and the band-head energies are reproduced quite well by the
PNC-CSM calculations. The band crossing, the effects of high-$j$ intruder
orbitals and deformation are discussed in detail.


title: Managing Schema Evolution in NoSQL Data Stores

abstract:
  NoSQL data stores are commonly schema-less, providing no means for globally
defining or managing the schema. While this offers great flexibility in early
stages of application development, developers soon can experience the heavy
burden of dealing with increasingly heterogeneous data. This paper targets
schema evolution for NoSQL data stores, the complex task of adapting and
changing the implicit structure of the data stored. We discuss the
recommendations of the developer community on handling schema changes, and
introduce a simple, declarative schema evolution language. With our language,
software developers and architects can systematically manage the evolution of
their production data and perform typical schema maintenance tasks. We further
provide a holistic NoSQL database programming language to define the semantics
of our schema evolution language. Our solution does not require any
modifications to the NoSQL data store, treating the data store as a black box.
Thus, we want to address application developers that use NoSQL systems


title: Heterotic warped Eguchi-Hanson spectra with five-branes and line bundles

abstract:
  We consider heterotic strings on a warped Eguchi-Hanson space with five-brane
and line bundle gauge fluxes. The heterotic string admits an exact CFT
description in terms of an asymmetrically gauged SU(2)xSL(2,R) WZW model, in a
specific double scaling limit in which the blow-up radius and the string scale
are sent to zero simultaneously. This allows us to compute the perturbative 6D
spectra for these models in two independent fashions: i) Within the
supergravity approximation we employ a representation dependent index; ii) In
the double scaling limit we determine all marginal vertex operators of the
coset CFT. To achieve agreement between the supergravity and the CFT spectra,
we conjecture that the untwisted and the twisted CFT states correspond to the
same set of hyper multiplets in supergravity. This is in a similar spirit as a
conjectured duality between asymptotically linear dilaton CFTs and little
string theory living on NS-five-branes. As the five-brane charge is
non-vanishing, heterotic (anti-)five-branes have to be added in order to cancel
irreducible gauge anomalies. The local spectra can be combined in such a way
that supersymmetry is preserved on the compact resolved T^4/Z_2 orbifold by
choosing the local gauge fluxes appropriately.


title: On numerically pluricanonical cyclic coverings

abstract:
  In this article, we investigate some properties of cyclic coverings of
complex surfaces of general type branched along smooth curves that are
numerically equivalent to a multiple of the canonical class. The main results
concern coverings of surfaces of general type with p_g=0 and Miyaoka--Yau
surfaces; in particular, they provide new examples of multicomponent moduli
spaces of surfaces with given Chern numbers as well as new examples of surfaces
that are not deformation equivalent to their complex conjugates.


title:
Further results on the observability analysis and observer design for
  single range localization in 3D

abstract:
  The issue of single range based observability analysis and observer design
for the kinematics model of a 3D vehicle subject to a constant unknown drift
velocity is addressed. The proposed method departs from alternative solutions
to the problem and leads to the definition of a linear time invariant state
equation with a linear time varying output that can be used to globally solve
the original nonlinear state estimation problem with a standard Kalman filter.
Simple necessary and sufficient observability conditions are derived. Numerical
simulation examples are described to illustrate the performance of the method.


title: Sparsely-Packetized Predictive Control by Orthogonal Matching Pursuit

abstract:
  We study packetized predictive control, known to be robust against packet
dropouts in networked systems. To obtain sparse packets for rate-limited
networks, we design control packets via an L0 optimization, which can be
effectively solved by orthogonal matching pursuit. Our formulation ensures
asymptotic stability of the control loop in the presence of bounded packet
dropouts.


title:
Symmetry breaking and Morse index of solutions of nonlinear elliptic
  problems in the plane

abstract:
  In this paper we study the problem
  -\Delta u =\left(\frac{2+\alpha}{2}\right)^2\abs{x}^{\alpha}f(\lambda,u), &
\hbox{in}B_1 \\ u > 0, & \hbox{in}B_1 u = 0, & \hbox{on} \partial B_1 where
$B_1$ is the unit ball of $\R^2$, $f$ is a smooth nonlinearity and $\a$, $\l$
are real numbers with $\a>0$. From a careful study of the linearized operator
we compute the Morse index of some radial solutions to \eqref{i0}. Moreover,
using the bifurcation theory, we prove the existence of branches of nonradial
solutions for suitable values of the positive parameter $\l$. The case
$f(\lambda,u)=\l e^u$ provides more detailed information.


title:
Autler-Townes splitting in a three-dimensional transmon superconducting
  qubit

abstract:
  We have observed the Autler-Townes doublet in a superconducting Al/AlOx/Al
transmon qubit that acts as an artificial atom embedded in a three-dimensional
Cu microwave cavity at a temperature of 22 mK. Using pulsed microwave
spectroscopy, the three lowest transmon levels are isolated, eliminating
unwanted effects of higher qubit modes and cavity modes. The long coherence
time (~40 us) of the transmon enables us to observe a clear Autler-Townes
splitting at drive amplitudes much smaller than the transmon level
anharmonicity (177 MHz). Three-level density matrix simulations with no free
parameters provide excellent fits to the data. At maximum separation, the
fidelity of a dark state achieved in this experiment is estimated to be
99.6-99.9%.


title:
Asymptotic behavior of the generalized St. Petersburg sum conditioned on
  its maximum

abstract:
  In this paper, we revisit the classical results on the generalized St.
Petersburg sums. We determine the limit distribution of the St. Petersburg sum
conditioning on its maximum, and we analyze how the limit depends on the value
of the maximum. As an application, we obtain an infinite sum representation of
the distribution function of the possible semistable limits. In the
representation, each term corresponds to a given maximum, in particular this
result explains that the semistable behavior is caused by the typical values of
the maximum.


title:
Spontaneous emission and collection efficiency enhancement of single
  emitters in diamond via plasmonic cavities and gratings

abstract:
  We demonstrate an approach, based on plasmonic apertures and gratings, to
enhance the radiative decay rate of single NV centers in diamond, while
simultaneously improving their collection efficiency. Our structures are based
on metallic resonators formed by surrounding sub-wavelength diamond nanoposts
with a silver film, which can enhance the spontaneous emission rate of an
embedded NV center. However, the collection efficiency of emitted photons
remains low due to losses to surface plasmons and reflections at the
diamond-air interface. In this work, we mitigate photon losses into these
channels by incorporating grating structures into the plasmonic cavity system.


title: Derivative interactions in de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley massive gravity

abstract:
  We investigate the possibility of a new massive gravity theory with
derivative interactions as an extension of de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley massive
gravity. We find the most general Lagrangian of derivative interactions using
Riemann tensor whose cutoff energy scale is $\Lambda_3$, which is consistent
with de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley massive gravity. Surprisingly, this infinite
number of derivative interactions can be resummed with the same method in de
Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley massive gravity, and remaining interactions contain only
two parameters. We show that the equations of motion for scalar and tensor
modes in the decoupling limit contain fourth derivatives with respect to
spacetime, which implies the appearance of ghosts at $\Lambda_3$. We claim that
consistent derivative interactions in de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley massive gravity
have a mass scale $M$, which is much smaller than the Planck mass $M_{\rm Pl}$.


title: Supersymmetry at the LHC and The Theory of R-parity

abstract:
  We discuss the possible signatures at the Large Hadron Collider in models
where R-parity is spontaneously broken. In the context of the minimal gauge
theory for R-parity, we investigate signals with multileptons which can provide
an unique test of this theory. The possible impact of these ideas for the
search of supersymmetry at the Large Hadron Collider is discussed. We also
discuss the constraints coming from cosmology due to the existence of two light
sterile neutrinos in the theory.


title: In vivo interactions between tungsten microneedles and peripheral nerves

abstract:
  Tungsten microneedles are currently used to insert neural electrodes into
living peripheral nerves. However, the biomechanics underlying these procedures
is not yet well characterized. For this reason, the aim of this work was to
model the interactions between these microneedles and living peripheral nerves.
A simple mathematical framework was especially provided to model both
compression of the external layer of the nerve (epineurium) and the
interactions resulting from penetration of the main shaft of the microneedle
inside the living nerves. The instantaneous Young's modulus, compression force,
the work needed to pierce the tissue, puncturing pressure, and the dynamic
friction coefficient between the tungsten microneedles and living nerves were
quantified starting from acute experiments, aiming to reproduce the physical
environment of real implantations. Indeed, a better knowledge of the
interactions between microneedles and peripheral nerves may be useful to
improve the effectiveness of these insertion techniques, and could represent a
key factor for designing robot-assisted procedures tailored for peripheral
nerve insertion.


title:
Detecting spatial homogeneity in the world trade web with Detrended
  Fluctuation Analysis

abstract:
  In a spatially embedded network, that is a network where nodes can be
uniquely determined in a system of coordinates, links' weights might be
affected by metric distances coupling every pair of nodes (dyads). In order to
assess to what extent metric distances affect relationships (link's weights) in
a spatially embedded network, we propose a methodology based on DFA (Detrended
Fluctuation Analysis). DFA is a well developed methodology to evaluate
autocorrelations and estimate long-range behaviour in time series. We argue it
can be further extended to spatially ordered series in order to assess
autocorrelations in values. A scaling exponent of 0.5 (uncorrelated data) would
thereby signal a perfect homogeneous space embedding the network. We apply the
proposed methodology to the World Trade Web (WTW) during the years 1949-2000
and we find, in some contrast with predictions of gravity models, a declining
influence of distances on trading relationships.


title:
Self-adjoint extensions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator and unitaries
  at the boundary

abstract:
  We construct in this article a class of closed semi-bounded quadratic forms
on the space of square integrable functions over a smooth Riemannian manifold
with smooth boundary. Each of these quadratic forms specifies a semi-bounded
self-adjoint extension of the Laplace-Beltrami operator. These quadratic forms
are based on the Lagrange boundary form on the manifold and a family of domains
parametrized by a suitable class of unitary operators on the boundary that will
be called admissible. The corresponding quadratic forms are semi-bounded below
and closable. Finally, the representing operators correspond to semi-bounded
self-adjoint extensions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator. This family of
extensions is compared with results existing in the literature and various
examples and applications are discussed.


title:
Constrained dynamics via the Zeno effect in quantum simulation:
  Implementing non-Abelian lattice gauge theories with cold atoms

abstract:
  We show how engineered classical noise can be used to generate constrained
Hamiltonian dynamics in atomic quantum simulators of many-body systems, taking
advantage of the continuous Zeno effect. After discussing the general
theoretical framework, we focus on applications in the context of lattice gauge
theories, where imposing exotic, quasi-local constraints is usually
challenging. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the scheme for both Abelian
and non-Abelian gauge theories, and discuss how engineering dissipative
constraints substitutes complicated, non-local interaction patterns by global
coupling to laser fields.


title:
Stabilized finite element methods for nonsymmetric, noncoercive and
  ill-posed problem. Part II: hyperbolic equations

abstract:
  In this paper we consider stabilised finite element methods for hyperbolic
transport equations without coercivity. Abstract conditions for the convergence
of the methods are introduced and these conditions are shown to hold for three
different stabilised methods: the Galerkin least squares method, the continuous
interior penalty method and the discontinuous Galerkin method. We consider both
the standard stabilisation methods and the optimisation based method introduced
in \cite{part1}. The main idea of the latter is to write the stabilised method
in an optimisation framework and select the discrete function for which a
certain cost functional, in our case stabilisation term, is minimised. Some
numerical examples illustrate the theoretical investigations.


title:
Spectroscopic measurements of a CO2 absorption line in an open vertical
  path using an airborne lidar

abstract:
  We use an airborne pulsed integrated path differential absorption lidar to
make spectroscopic measurements of the pressure-induced line broadening and
line center shift of atmospheric CO2 at the 1572.335 nm absorption line. We
measure the absorption lineshape in the vertical column between the aircraft
and ground. A comparison of our measured absorption lineshape to calculations
based on HITRAN shows excellent agreement with the peak optical depth accurate
to within 0.3%. Additionally, we measure changes in the line center position to
within 5.2 MHz of calculations, and the absorption linewidth to within 0.6% of
calculations.


title:
Liouville Type Property and Spreading Speeds of KPP Equations in
  Periodic Media with Localized Spatial Inhomogeneity

abstract:
  The current paper is devoted to the study of semilinear dispersal evolution
equations of the form $$ u_t(t,x)=(\mathcal{A}u)(t,x)+u(t,x)f(t,x,u(t,x)),\quad
x\in\mathcal{H}, $$ where $\mathcal{H}=\RR^N$ or $\ZZ^N$, $\mathcal{A}$ is a
random dispersal operator or nonlocal dispersal operator in the case
$\mathcal{H}=\RR^N$ and is a discrete dispersal operator in the case
$\mathcal{H}=\ZZ^N$, and $f$ is periodic in $t$, asymptotically periodic in $x$
(i.e. $f(t,x,u)-f_0(t,x,u)$ converges to 0 as $\|x\|\to\infty$ for some time
and space periodic function $f_0(t,x,u)$), and is of KPP type in $u$. It is
proved that Liouville type property for such equations holds, that is, time
periodic strictly positive solutions are unique. It is also proved that if
$u\equiv 0$ is a linearly unstable solution to the time and space periodic
limit equation of such an equation, then it has a unique stable time periodic
strictly positive solution and has a spatial spreading speed in every
direction.


title:
Neutrino mass sensitivity by MAC-E-Filter based time-of-flight
  spectroscopy with the example of KATRIN

abstract:
  The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment aims at a measurement of
the neutrino mass with a 90 % confidence limit (C.L.) sensitivity of 0.2
eV/c$^2$ by measuring the endpoint region of the tritium $\beta$ decay spectrum
from a windowless gaseous molecular tritium source using an integrating
spectrometer of the MAC-E-Filter type. We discuss the idea of using the
MAC-E-Filter in a time-of-flight mode (MAC-E-TOF) in which the neutrino mass is
determined by a measurement of the electron time-of-flight (TOF) spectrum that
depends on the neutrino mass. MAC-E-TOF spectroscopy here is a very sensitive
method since the $\beta$-electrons are slowed down to distinguishable
velocities by the MAC-E-Filter. Their velocity depends strongly on their
surplus energy above the electric retarding potential. Using MAC-E-TOF, a
statistical sensitivity gain is expected. Because a small number of
retarding-potential settings is sufficient for a complete measurement, in
contrast to about 40 different retarding potentials used in the standard
MAC-E-Filter mode, there is a gain in measurement time and hence statistical
power. The improvement of the statistical uncertainty of the squared neutrino
mass has been determined by Monte Carlo simulation to be a factor 5 for an
ideal case neglecting background and timing uncertainty. Additionally, two
scenarios to determine the time-of-flight of the $\beta$-electrons are
discussed, which use the KATRIN detector for creating the stop signal and
different methods for obtaining a start signal. These comprise the hypothetical
case of an `electron tagger' which detects passing electrons with minimal
interference and the more realistic case of `gated filtering', where the
electron flux is periodically cut off by pulsing the pre-spectrometer
potential.


title:
Analysis of strong decays of the charmed mesons $D_J(2580)$,
  $D_J^*(2650)$, $D_J(2740)$, $D^*_J(2760)$, $D_J(3000)$, $D_J^*(3000)$

abstract:
  In this article, we tentatively identify the charmed mesons $D_J(2580)$,
$D_J^*(2650)$, $D_J(2740)$, $D^*_J(2760)$, $D_J(3000)$, $D_J^*(3000)$ observed
by the LHCb collaboration according to their spin, parity and masses, then
study their strong decays to the ground state charmed mesons plus light
pseudoscalar mesons with the heavy meson effective theory in the leading order
approximation, and obtain explicit expressions of the decay widths. The ratios
among the decay widths can be used to confirm or reject the assignments of the
newly observed charmed mesons. The strong coupling constants in the decay
widths can be fitted to the experimental data in the future at the LHCb,
BESIII, KEK-B and $\rm{\bar{P}ANDA}$.


title: Observable predictions of generalised inflationary scenarios

abstract:
  Inflation is an early period of accelerated cosmic expansion, thought to be
sourced by high energy physics. A key task today is to use the influx of
increasingly precise observational data to constrain the plethora of
inflationary models suggested by fundamental theories of interactions. This
requires a robust theoretical framework for quantifying the predictions of such
models; helping to develop such a framework is the aim of this thesis. We
provide the first complete quantization of subhorizon perturbations for the
well-motivated class of multi-field inflationary models with a non-trivial
field metric, which we show may yield interesting signatures in the bispectrum
of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). The subsequent evolution of
perturbations in the superhorizon epoch is then considered, via a covariant
extension of the transport formalism. To develop intuition about the
relationship between inflationary dynamics and the evolution of cosmic
observables, we investigate analytic approximations of superhorizon
perturbation evolution. The validity of these analytic results is contingent on
reaching a state of adiabaticity which we discuss and illustrate in depth. We
then apply our analytic methods to elucidate the types of inflationary dynamics
that lead to an enhanced CMB non-Gaussianity, both in its bispectrum and
trispectrum. In addition to deriving a number of new simple relations between
the non-Gaussianity parameters, we explain dynamically how and why different
shapes of inflationary potential lead to particular observational signatures.
Candidate theories of high energy physics such as low energy effective string
theory also motivate single-field modifications to the Einstein-Hilbert action.
We show how a range of such corrections allow for consistency of single-field
chaotic inflationary models that are otherwise in tension with observational
data.


title: Bimodal Distribution of Magnetic Fields and Areas of Sunspots

abstract:
  We applied automatic identification of sunspot umbrae and penumbrae to daily
observations from the Helioseismic Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar
Dynamics Observatory (SDO) to study their magnetic flux (B) and area (A). The
results confirm a previously known logarithmic relationship between the area of
sunspots and their maximum flux density. In addition, we find that the relation
between average magnetic flux (Bavg) and sunspot area shows a bimodal
distribution: for small sunspots and pores (A < 20 millionth of solar
hemisphere, MSH), Bavg = 800 G (gauss), and for large sunspots (A > 100 MSH),
Bavg is about 600 G. For intermediate sunspots, average flux density linearly
decreases from about 800 G to 600 G. A similar bimodal distribution was found
in several other integral parameters of sunspots. We show that this bimodality
can be related to different stages of sunspot penumbra formation and can be
explained by the difference in average inclination of magnetic fields at the
periphery of small and large sunspots.


title: Bino-Higgsino Mixed Dark Matter in a Focus Point Gaugino Mediation

abstract:
  We investigate the neutralino dark matter in the focus point gaugino
mediation model with the O(100) GeV gravitino. The thermal relic abundance of
the neutralino with a sizable Higgsino fraction can explain the dark matter
density at the present universe. The spin-independent cross section is
marginally consistent with the current upper limit from the XENON 100
experiment, and the whole parameter region can be covered at the XENON1T
experiment. We also discuss the origin of the gluino mass to wino mass ratio at
around 3/8, which is crucial for the mild fine-tuning in the electroweak
symmetry breaking sector. It is shown that the existence of the non-anomalous
discrete R-symmetry can fix this ratio to 3/8.


title:
Effect of heavy-ion irradiation on London penetration depth in
  over-doped Ba(Fe,Co)2As2

abstract:
  Irradiation with 1.4 GeV $^{208}$Pb ions was used to induce artificial
disorder in single crystals of iron-arsenide superconductor
Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ and to study its effect on the
temperature-dependent London penetration depth and transport properties. Study
was undertaken on overdoped single crystals with $x$=0.108 and $x$=0.127
characterized by notable modulation of the superconducting gap. Irradiation
with doses 2.22$\times10^{11}$$\textit{d}$/cm$^2$ and
2.4$\times10^{11}$$\textit{d}$/cm$^2$, corresponding to the matching fields of
$B_{\phi} = $6 T and 6.5 T, respectively, suppresses the superconducting $T_c$
by approximately 0.3 to 1 K. The variation of the low-temperature penetration
depth in both pristine and irradiated samples is well described by the
power-law, $\Delta \lambda (T)=AT^n$. Irradiation increases the magnitude of
the pre-factor $A$ and decreases the exponent $n$, similar to the effect of
irradiation in optimally doped samples. This finding supports universal
$s_{\pm}$ pairing in Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ compounds for the whole Co
doping range.


title: Exploring Spiral Inflation in String Theory

abstract:
  We investigate the possibility that spiral inflation can be realized using
the near-conifold flux potentials for the complex structure moduli in type IIB
string theory compactified on a Calabi-Yau manifold. Using the explicit form of
the flux potential for complex structure moduli, we provide analytical and
numerical arguments showing that spiral inflation is difficult to support. We
also show that for this sector of low energy string theories, a viable spiral
inflationary scenario would owe its success to a de Sitter-like vacuum energy,
with minimal reliance on the non-gradient flow field trajectories which
characterize spiral inflation. We thus conclude that even though the near
conifold region has the requisite multi-sheeted potential called for by spiral
inflation, generically it appears that spiral inflation is not realized using
the complex structure flux potential alone.


title: Inequalities for the Ranks of Quantum States

abstract:
  We investigate relations between the ranks of marginals of multipartite
quantum states. These are the Schmidt ranks across all possible bipartitions
and constitute a natural quantification of multipartite entanglement
dimensionality. We show that there exist inequalities constraining the possible
distribution of ranks. This is analogous to the case of von Neumann entropy
(\alpha-R\'enyi entropy for \alpha=1), where nontrivial inequalities
constraining the distribution of entropies (such as e.g. strong subadditivity)
are known. It was also recently discovered that all other \alpha-R\'enyi
entropies for $\alpha\in(0,1)\cup(1,\infty)$ satisfy only one trivial linear
inequality (non-negativity) and the distribution of entropies for
$\alpha\in(0,1)$ is completely unconstrained beyond non-negativity. Our result
resolves an important open question by showing that also the case of \alpha=0
(logarithm of the rank) is restricted by nontrivial linear relations and thus
the cases of von Neumann entropy (i.e., \alpha=1) and 0-R\'enyi entropy are
exceptionally interesting measures of entanglement in the multipartite setting.


title: Tagging highly boosted top quarks

abstract:
  For highly energetic top quarks, the products of the decay t->bqq' are
collimated. The 3-prong decay structure can no longer be resolved using
calorimeter information alone if the particle jet separation approaches the
calorimeter granularity. We propose a new method, the HPTTopTagger, that uses
tracks of charged particles inside a fat jet to find top quarks with transverse
momentum pT >1 TeV. The tracking information is complemented by the calorimeter
measurement of the fat jet energy to eliminate the sensitivity to jet-to-jet
fluctuations in the charged-to-neutral particle ratio. We show that with the
HPTTopTagger, a leptophobic narrow-mass Z' boson of mass 3 TeV could be found
using 300/fb of 14 TeV LHC data.


title:
Complex projective structures: Lyapunov exponent, degree and harmonic
  measure

abstract:
  We study several new invariants associated to a holomorphic projective
structure on a Riemann surface of finite analytic type: the Lyapunov exponent
of its holonomy which is of probabilistic/dynamical nature and was introduced
in our previous work; the degree which measures the asymptotic covering rate of
the developing map; and a family of harmonic measures on the Riemann sphere,
previously introduced by Hussenot. We show that the degree and the Lyapunov
exponent are related by a simple formula and give estimates for the Hausdorff
dimension of the harmonic measures in terms of the Lyapunov exponent. In
accordance with the famous "Sullivan dictionary", this leads to a description
of the space of such projective structures that is reminiscent of that of the
space of polynomials in holomorphic dynamics.


title:
A finite speed of propagation approximation for the incompressible
  Navier-Stokes equations

abstract:
  In this paper, we introduce a finite propagation speed perturbation of the
incompressible Navier-Stokes equations (NS). The model we consider is inspired
by a hyperbolic perturbation of the heat equation due to Cattaneo (Sulla
conduzione del calore. Atti Semin. Mat. Fis. Univ., Modena, 1949, 3:83-101) and
by an equation that Vishik and Fursikov (Solutions statistiques homog\`enes des
syst\`emes diff\'erentiels paraboliques et du syst\`eme de Navier-Stokes. Ann.
Scuola Norm. Sup. Pisa Cl. Sci., 1977, 4:531-576) investigated in order to find
statistical solutions to (NS). We prove that the solutions to the perturbed
Navier-Stokes equation approximate those to (NS).
  We use refined energy methods involving fractional Sobolev spaces and precise
estimates on the nonlinear term due to the dyadic Littlewood-Paley
decomposition.


title:
A Function Space HMC Algorithm With Second Order Langevin Diffusion
  Limit

abstract:
  We describe a new MCMC method optimized for the sampling of probability
measures on Hilbert space which have a density with respect to a Gaussian; such
measures arise in the Bayesian approach to inverse problems, and in conditioned
diffusions. Our algorithm is based on two key design principles: (i) algorithms
which are well-defined in infinite dimensions result in methods which do not
suffer from the curse of dimensionality when they are applied to approximations
of the infinite dimensional target measure on $\bbR^N$; (ii) non-reversible
algorithms can have better mixing properties compared to their reversible
counterparts. The method we introduce is based on the hybrid Monte Carlo
algorithm, tailored to incorporate these two design principles. The main result
of this paper states that the new algorithm, appropriately rescaled, converges
weakly to a second order Langevin diffusion on Hilbert space; as a consequence
the algorithm explores the approximate target measures on $\bbR^N$ in a number
of steps which is independent of $N$. We also present the underlying theory for
the limiting non-reversible diffusion on Hilbert space, including
characterization of the invariant measure, and we describe numerical
simulations demonstrating that the proposed method has favourable mixing
properties as an MCMC algorithm.


title:
Control in the Presence of Manipulators: Cooperative and Competitive
  Cases

abstract:
  Control and manipulation are two of the most studied types of attacks on
elections. In this paper, we study the complexity of control attacks on
elections in which there are manipulators. We study both the case where the
"chair" who is seeking to control the election is allied with the manipulators,
and the case where the manipulators seek to thwart the chair. In the latter
case, we see that the order of play substantially influences the complexity. We
prove upper bounds, holding over every election system with a polynomial-time
winner problem, for all standard control cases, and some of these bounds are at
the second or third level of the polynomial hierarchy, and we provide matching
lower bounds to prove these tight. Nonetheless, for important natural systems
the complexity can be much lower. We prove that for approval and plurality
elections, the complexity of even competitive clashes between a controller and
manipulators falls far below those high bounds, even as low as polynomial time.
Yet for a Borda-voting case we show that such clashes raise the complexity
unless NP = coNP.


title: The Higgs: so simple yet so unnatural

abstract:
  We present a concise outlook of particle physics after the first LHC results
at 7-8 TeV. The discovery of the Higgs boson at 126 GeV will remain as one of
the major physics discoveries of our time. But also the surprising absence of
any signals of new physics, if confirmed in the continuation of the LHC
experiments, is going to drastically change our vision of the field. At present
the indication is that Nature does not too much care about our notion of
naturalness. Still the argument for naturalness is a solid one and we are
facing a puzzling situation. We review the established facts so far and present
a tentative assessment of the open problems.


title: Proofs and generalizations of a homomesy conjecture of Propp and Roby

abstract:
  Let $G$ be a group acting on a set $X$ of combinatorial objects, with finite
orbits, and consider a statistic $\xi : X \to \mathbb{C}$. Propp and Roby
defined the triple $(X, G, \xi)$ to be \emph{homomesic} if for any orbits
$\mathcal{O}_1, \mathcal{O}_2$, the average value of the statistic $\xi$ is the
same, that is \[\frac{1}{{|\mathcal{O}_1|}}\sum_{x \in \mathcal{O}_1} \xi(x) =
\frac{1}{|\mathcal{O}_2|}\sum_{y \in \mathcal{O}_2} \xi(y).\]
  In 2013 Propp and Roby conjectured the following instance of homomesy. Let
$\mathrm{SSYT}_k(m \times n)$ denote the set of semistandard Young tableaux of
shape $m \times n$ with entries bounded by $k$. Let $S$ be any set of boxes in
the $m \times n$ rectangle fixed under $180^\circ$ rotation. For $T \in
\mathrm{SSYT}_k(m \times n)$, define $\sigma_S(T)$ to be the sum of the entries
of $T$ in the boxes of $S$. Let $\langle \mathcal{P} \rangle$ be a cyclic group
of order $k$ where $\mathcal{P}$ acts on $\mathrm{SSYT}_k(m \times n)$ by
promotion. Then $(\mathrm{SSYT}_k(m \times n), \langle \mathcal{P} \rangle,
\sigma_S)$ is homomesic.
  We prove this conjecture, as well as a generalization to cominuscule posets.
We also discuss analogous questions for tableaux with strictly increasing rows
and columns under the K-promotion of Thomas and Yong, and prove limited results
in that direction.


title: Extraordinary momentum and spin in evanescent waves

abstract:
  Momentum and spin represent fundamental dynamical properties of quantum
particles and fields. In particular, propagating optical waves (photons) carry
momentum and longitudinal spin determined by the wave vector and circular
polarization, respectively. Here we show that exactly the opposite can be the
case for evanescent optical waves. A single evanescent wave possesses a spin
component, which is independent of the polarization and is orthogonal to the
wave vector. Furthermore, such a wave carries a momentum component, which is
determined by the circular polarization and is also orthogonal to the wave
vector. We show that these extraordinary properties reveal a fundamental
Belinfante's spin momentum, known in field theory and unobservable in
propagating fields. We demonstrate that the transverse momentum and spin push
and twist a probe Mie particle in an evanescent field. This allows the
observation of `impossible' properties of light and of a fundamental
field-theory quantity, which was previously considered as `virtual'.


title: Sequences of extremal radially excited rotating black holes

abstract:
  In Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory the extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om
solution is no longer the single extremal solution with vanishing angular
momentum, when the Chern-Simons coupling constant reaches a critical value.
Instead a whole sequence of rotating extremal J=0 solutions arises, labeled by
the node number of the magnetic U(1) potential. Associated with the same near
horizon solution, the mass of these radially excited extremal solutions
converges to the mass of the extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om solution. On the
other hand, not all near horizon solutions are also realized as global
solutions


title:
Asymptotic behaviour near extinction of continuous state branching
  processes

abstract:
  In this note, we study the asymptotic behaviour near extinction of (sub-)
critical continuous state branching processes. In particular, we establish an
analogue of Khintchin's law of the iterated logarithm near extinction time for
a continuous state branching process whose branching mechanism satisfies a
given condition and its reflected process at its infimum.


title: Near-IR luminescence in bismuth-doped AgCl crystals

abstract:
  Experimental and computer-modeling studies of spectral properties of
crystalline AgCl doped with metal bismuth or bismuth chloride are performed.
Broad near-IR luminescence band in the 0.8--1.2mkm range with time dependence
described by two exponential components corresponding to the lifetimes of 1.5
and 10.3mks is excited mainly by 0.39--0.44mkm radiation. Computer modeling of
probable Bi-related centers in AgCl lattice is performed. On the basis of
experimental and calculation data a conclusion is drawn that the IR
luminescence can be caused by Bi^+ ion centers substituted for Ag^+ ions.


title:
Multi-study Integration of Brain Cancer Transcriptomes Reveals
  Organ-Level Molecular Signatures

abstract:
  We utilized abundant transcriptomic data for the primary classes of brain
cancers to study the feasibility of separating all of these diseases
simultaneously based on molecular data alone. These signatures were based on a
new method reported herein that resulted in a brain cancer marker panel of 44
unique genes. Many of these genes have established relevance to the brain
cancers examined, with others having known roles in cancer biology. Analyses on
large-scale data from multiple sources must deal with significant challenges
associated with heterogeneity between different published studies, for it was
observed that the variation among individual studies often had a larger effect
on the transcriptome than did phenotype differences, as is typical. We found
that learning signatures across multiple datasets greatly enhanced
reproducibility and accuracy in predictive performance on truly independent
validation sets, even when keeping the size of the training set the same. This
was most likely due to the meta-signature encompassing more of the
heterogeneity across different sources and conditions, while amplifying signal
from the repeated global characteristics of the phenotype. When molecular
signatures of brain cancers were constructed from all currently available
microarray data, 90 percent phenotype prediction accuracy, or the accuracy of
identifying a particular brain cancer from the background of all phenotypes,
was found. Looking forward, we discuss our approach in the context of the
eventual development of organ-specific molecular signatures from peripheral
fluids such as the blood.


title: Emergence of photoswitchable states in a graphene-azobenzene-Au platform

abstract:
  The perfect transmission of charge carriers through potential barriers in
graphene (Klein tunneling) is a direct consequence of the Dirac equation that
governs the low-energy carrier dynamics. As a result, localized states do not
exist in unpatterned graphene, but quasi-bound states \emph{can} occur for
potentials with closed integrable dynamics. Here, we report the observation of
resonance states in photo-switchable self-assembled molecular(SAM)-graphene
hybrid. Conductive AFM measurements performed at room temperature reveal strong
current resonances, the strength of which can be reversibly gated \textit{on-}
and \textit{off-} by optically switching the molecular conformation of the
mSAM. Comparisons of the voltage separation between current resonances ($\sim
70$--$120$ mV) with solutions of the Dirac equation indicate that the radius of
the gating potential is $\sim 7 \pm 2$ nm with a strength $\geq 0.5$ eV. Our
results and methods might provide a route toward \emph{optically programmable}
carrier dynamics and transport in graphene nano-materials.


title: U-folds as K3 fibrations

abstract:
  We study N=2 four-dimensional flux vacua describing intrinsic
non-perturbative systems of 3 and 7 branes in type IIB string theory. The
solutions are described as compactifications of a G(ravity) theory on a Calabi
Yau threefold which consists of a fibration of an auxiliary K3 surface over an
S^2 base. In the spirit of F-theory, the complex structure of the K3 surface
varying over the base codifies the details of the fluxes, the dilaton and the
warp factors in type IIB string theory. We discuss in detail some simple
examples of geometric and non-geometric solutions where the precise
flux/geometry dictionary can be explicitly worked out. In particular, we
describe non-geometric T-fold solutions exhibiting non-trivial T-duality
monodromies exchanging 3- and 7-branes.


title: Topological Boundary Modes in Isostatic Lattices

abstract:
  Frames, or lattices consisting of mass points connected by rigid bonds or
central force springs, are important model constructs that have applications in
such diverse fields as structural engineering, architecture, and materials
science. The difference between the number of bonds and the number of degrees
of freedom of these lattices determines the number of their zero-frequency
"floppy modes". When these are balanced, the system is on the verge of
mechanical instability and is termed isostatic. It has recently been shown that
certain extended isostatic lattices exhibit floppy modes localized at their
boundary. These boundary modes are insensitive to local perturbations, and
appear to have a topological origin, reminiscent of the protected electronic
boundary modes that occur in the quantum Hall effect and in topological
insulators. In this paper we establish the connection between the topological
mechanical modes and the topological band theory of electronic systems, and we
predict the existence of new topological bulk mechanical phases with distinct
boundary modes. We introduce model systems in one and two dimensions that
exemplify this phenomenon.


title: On Two Conversion Methods of Decimal-to-Binary

abstract:
  Decimal-to-binary conversion is important to modern binary computers. The
classical method to solve this problem is based on division operation. In this
paper, we investigate a decimal-to-binary conversion method based on addition
operation. The method is very easily implemented by software. The cost analysis
shows that the latter is more preferable than the classical method. Thus the
current Input/Output translation hardware to convert between the internal digit
pairs and the external standard BCD codes can be reasonably removed.


title: The Dilemma of Bose Solids: is He Supersolid?

abstract:
  Nearly a decade ago the old controversy about possible superfluid flow in the
ground state of solid He4 was revived by the apparent experimental observation
of such superflow. Although the experimentalists have recently retracted, very
publicly, some of the observations on which such a claim was based, other
confirming observations of which there is no reason for doubt remain on the
record. Meanwhile theoretical arguments bolstered by some experimental evidence
strongly favor the existence of supersolidity in the Bose-Hubbard model, and
these arguments would seem to extend to solid He. The true situation thus is
apparently extraordinarily opaque. The situation is complicated by the fact
that all accurate simulation studies on Heuse the uniform sign hypothesis which
confines them to the phase-coherent state, which is, in principle, supersolid,
so that no accurate simulations of the true, classical solid exist. There is
great confusion as to the nature of the ground state wave-function for a bose
quantum solid, and we suggest that until that question is cleared up none of
these dilemmas will be resolved.


title: C-Graded Vertex Algebras and Conformal Flow

abstract:
  We consider C-graded vertex algebras, which are vertex algebras V with a
C-grading such that V is an admissible V-module generated by 'lowest weight
vectors'. We show that such vertex algebras have a 'good' representation theory
in the sense that there is a Zhu algebra A(V) and a bijection between simple
admissible V-modules and simple A(V)-modules. We also consider pseudo vertex
operator algebras, which are C-graded vertex algebras with a conformal vector
such that the homogeneous subspaces of V are generalized eigenspaces for L(0);
essentially, these are VOAs that lack any semisimplicity or integrality
assumptions on L(0). As a motivating example, we show that deformation of the
conformal structure (conformal flow) of a strongly regular VOA (eg a lattice
theory, or WZW model) is a path in a space whose points are PVOAs.


title: Bi-Lipschitz parts of quasisymmetric mappings

abstract:
  A natural quantity that measures how well a map $f:\mathbb{R}^{d}\rightarrow
\mathbb{R}^{D}$ is approximated by an affine transformation is
\[\omega_{f}(x,r)=\inf_{A}\left(\frac{1}{|B(x,r)|}\int_{B(x,r)}\left(\frac{|f-A|}{|A'|r}\right)^{2}\right)^{\frac{1}{2}},\]
where the infimum ranges over all non constant affine transformations. This is
natural insofar as it is invariant under rescaling $f$ in either its domain or
image. We show that if $f:\mathbb{R}^{d}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{D}$ is
quasisymmetric and its image has a sufficient amount of rectifiable structure
(although not necessarily $\mathcal{H}^{d}$-finite), then
$\omega_{f}(x,r)^{2}\frac{dxdr}{r}$ is a Carleson measure on
$\mathbb{R}^{d}\times(0,\infty)$. Moreover, this is an equivalence: the
existence of such a Carleson measure implies that, in every ball
$B(x,r)\subseteq \mathbb{R}^{d}$, there is a set $E$ occupying 90$%$ of
$B(x,r)$, say, upon which $f$ is bi-Lipschitz (and hence guaranteeing
rectifiable pieces in the image).
  En route, we make a minor adjustment to a theorem of Semmes to show that
quasisymmetric maps of subsets of $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ into $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ are
bi-Lipschitz on a large subset quantitatively.


title: Higgs Couplings in Composite Models

abstract:
  We study Higgs couplings in the composite Higgs model based on the coset
SO(5)/SO(4). We show that the couplings to gluons and photons are insensitive
to the elementary-composite mixings and thus not affected by light fermionic
resonances. Moreover, at leading order in the mixings the Higgs couplings to
tops and gluons, when normalized to the Standard Model (SM), are equal. These
properties are shown to be direct consequences of the Goldstone symmetry and of
the assumption of partial compositeness. In particular, they are independent of
the details of the elementary-composite couplings and, under the further
assumption of CP invariance, they are also insensitive to derivative
interactions of the Higgs with the composite resonances. We support our
conclusions with an explicit construction where the SM fermions are embedded in
the 14 dimensional representation of SO(5).


title: Strongly correlated electron system in the magnetic field

abstract:
  The energy spectrum of the two-dimensional t-J model in a perpendicular
magnetic field is investigated. The density of states at the Fermi level as a
function of the inverse magnetic field $\frac{1}{B}$ reveals oscillations in
the range of hole concentrations $0.08<x<0.18$. In the used approximation
zero-field Fermi surfaces are large for these $x$, and oscillation frequencies
conform with such Fermi surfaces. However, the amplitude of these oscillations
is modulated with a frequency which is smaller by an order of magnitude. The
appearance of this modulation is related to van Hove singularities in the
Landau subbands, which traverse the Fermi level with changing $B$. The
singularities are connected with bending the Landau subbands due to strong
electron correlations. The frequency of the modulation is of the same order of
magnitude as the quantum oscillation frequency observed in underdoped cuprates.


title:
3D model of hydrogen atmospheric escape from HD209458b and HD189733b:
  radiative blow-out and stellar wind interactions

abstract:
  Transit observations in Ly-alpha of HD209458b and HD189733b revealed
signatures of neutral hydrogen escaping the planets. We present a 3D particle
model of the dynamics of the escaping atoms, and calculate theoretical Ly-alpha
absorption line profiles, which can be directly compared with the absorption
observed in the blue wing of the line. For HD209458b the observed velocities of
the escaping atoms up to -130km/s are naturally explained by radiation-pressure
acceleration. The observations are well-fitted with an ionizing flux of about
3-4 times solar and a hydrogen escape rate in the range 10^9-10^11g/s, in
agreement with theoretical predictions. For HD189733b absorption by neutral
hydrogen was observed in 2011 in the velocity range -230 to -140km/s. These
velocities are higher than for HD209458b and require an additional acceleration
mechanism for the escaping hydrogen atoms, which could be interactions with
stellar wind protons. We constrain the stellar wind (temperature ~3x10^4K,
velocity 200+-20km/s and density in the range 10^3-10^7/cm3) as well as the
escape rate (4x10^8-10^11g/s) and ionizing flux (6-23 times solar). We also
reveal the existence of an 'escape-limited' saturation regime in which most of
the escaping gas interacts with the stellar protons. In this regime, which
occurs at proton densities above ~3x10^5/cm3, the amplitude of the absorption
signature is limited by the escape rate and does not depend on the wind
density. The non-detection of escaping hydrogen in earlier observations in 2010
can be explained by the suppression of the stellar wind at that time, or an
escape rate of about an order of magnitude lower than in 2011. For both
planets, best-fit simulations show that the escaping atmosphere has the shape
of a cometary tail.


title:
Structure of Surface-H2O Layers of Ice-covered Planets with
  High-pressure Ice

abstract:
  Many extrasolar (bound) terrestrial planets and free-floating (unbound)
planets have been discovered. The existence of bound and unbound terrestrial
planets with liquid water is an important question, and of particular
importance is the question of their habitability. Even for a globally
ice-covered planet, geothermal heat from the planetary interior may melt the
interior ice, creating an internal ocean covered by an ice shell. In this
paper, we discuss the conditions that terrestrial planets must satisfy for such
an internal ocean to exist on the timescale of planetary evolution. The
question is addressed in terms of planetary mass, distance from a central star,
water abundance, and abundance of radiogenic heat sources. In addition, we
investigate the structures of the surface-H2O layers of ice-covered planets by
considering the effects of ice under high pressure (high-pressure ice). As a
fiducial case, 1M$\oplus$ planet at 1 AU from its central star and with 0.6 to
25 times the H2O mass of Earth could have an internal ocean. We find that
high-pressure ice layers may appear between the internal ocean and the rock
portion on a planet with an H2O mass over 25 times that of Earth. The planetary
mass and abundance of surface water strongly restrict the conditions under
which an extrasolar terrestrial planet may have an internal ocean with no
high-pressure ice under the ocean. Such high-pressure-ice layers underlying the
internal ocean are likely to affect the habitability of the planet.


title:
Near-parabolic comets observed in 2006-2010. The individualized approach
  to 1/a-determination and the new distribution of original and future orbits

abstract:
  Dynamics of a complete sample of 22 small perihelion distance near-parabolic
comets discovered in the years 2006 - 2010 is studied.
  First, osculating orbits are obtained after a careful positional data
inspection and processing, including where appropriate, the method of data
partitioning for determination of pre- and post-perihelion orbit for tracking
then its dynamical evolution. The nongravitational acceleration in the motion
is detected for 50 per cent of investigated comets, in a few cases for the
first time. Different sets of nongravitational parameters are determined from
pre- and post-perihelion data for some of them. The influence of the positional
data structure on the possibility of the detection of nongravitational effects
and the overall precision of orbit determination is widely discussed.
  Secondly, both original and future orbits were derived by means of numerical
integration of swarms of virtual comets obtained using a Monte Carlo cloning
method. This method allows to follow the uncertainties of orbital elements at
each step of dynamical evolution. The complete statistics of original and
future orbits that includes significantly different uncertainties of 1/a-values
is presented, also in the light of our results obtained earlier. Basing on 108
comets examined by us so far, we conclude that only one of them, C/2007 W1
Boattini, seems to be a serious candidate for an interstellar comet. We also
found that 53 per cent of 108 near-parabolic comets escaping in the future from
the Solar system, and the number of comets leaving the Solar system as so
called Oort spike comets is 14 per cent.
  A new method for cometary orbit quality assessment is also proposed that
leads to a better diversification of orbit quality classes for contemporary
comets.


title: Fourier-Mukai and autoduality for compactified Jacobians II

abstract:
  To every reduced (projective) curve X with planar singularities one can
associate many fine compactified Jacobians, depending on the choice of a
polarization on X, which are birational (possibly non-isomorphic) Calabi-Yau
projective varieties with locally complete intersection singularities. We
define a Poincare' sheaf on the product of any two (possibly equal) fine
compactified Jacobians of X and show that the integral transform with kernel
the Poincare' sheaf is an equivalence of their derived categories. In
particular, any two fine compactified Jacobians are derived equivalent. When
applied to the same fine compactified Jacobian, one gets a Fourier-Mukai
autoequivalence, which generalizes the classical result of Mukai for Jacobians
of smooth curves (or more generally abelian varieties) and of Arinkin for
compactified Jacobians of integral curves, thus providing further evidence for
the classical limit of the geometric Langlands conjecture (as formulated by R.
Donagi and T. Pantev). As a corollary of our main result, we prove an
autoduality result for fine compactified Jacobians: there is a natural
equivariant open embedding of the connected component of the scheme
parametrizing rank-1 torsion-free sheaves on X into the connected component of
the algebraic space parametrizing rank-1 torsion-free sheaves on a given fine
compactified Jacobian of X.


title:
A study of fundamental limitations to statistical detection of
  redshifted HI from the epoch of reionization

abstract:
  In this paper we explore for the first time the relative magnitudes of three
fundamental sources of uncertainty, namely, foreground contamination, thermal
noise and sample variance in detecting the HI power spectrum from the Epoch of
Reionization (EoR). We derive limits on the sensitivity of a Fourier synthesis
telescope to detect EoR based on its array configuration and a statistical
representation of images made by the instrument. We use the Murchison Widefield
Array (MWA) configuration for our studies. Using a unified framework for
estimating signal and noise components in the HI power spectrum, we derive an
expression for and estimate the contamination from extragalactic point-like
sources in three-dimensional k-space. Sensitivity for EoR HI power spectrum
detection is estimated for different observing modes with MWA. With 1000 hours
of observing on a single field using the 128-tile MWA, EoR detection is
feasible (S/N > 1 for $k\lesssim 0.8$ Mpc$^{-1}$). Bandpass shaping and
refinements to the EoR window are found to be effective in containing
foreground contamination, which makes the instrument tolerant to imaging
errors. We find that for a given observing time, observing many independent
fields of view does not offer an advantage over a single field observation when
thermal noise dominates over other uncertainties in the derived power spectrum.


title: The sl(N)-web algebras and dual canonical bases

abstract:
  In this paper, which is a follow-up to my paper with Yonezawa "sl(N)-web
categories", I define and study sl(N)-web algebras for any N greater than one.
For N=2 these algebras are isomorphic to Khovanov's arc algebras and for N=3
they are Morita equivalent to the sl(3)-web algebras which I defined and
studied with Pan and Tubbenhauer.
  The main result of this paper is that the sl(N)-web algebras are Morita
equivalent to blocks of certain level-N cyclotomic KLR algebras, for which I
use the categorified quantum skew Howe duality from the aforementioned paper
with Yonezawa.
  Using this Morita equivalence and Brundan and Kleshchev's work on cyclotomic
KLR algebras, I show that there exists an isomorphism between a certain space
of sl(N)-webs and the split Grothendieck group of the corresponding sl(N)-web
algebra, which maps the dual canonical basis elements to the Grothendieck
classes of the indecomposable projective modules (with a certain normalization
of their grading).


title:
Ground state of a two component dipolar Fermi gas in a harmonic
  potential

abstract:
  Interacting two component Fermi gases are at the heart of our understanding
of macroscopic quantum phenomena like superconductivity. Changing nature of the
interaction is expected to head to novel quantum phases. Here we study the
ground state of a two component fermionic gas in a harmonic potential with
dipolar and contact interactions. Using a variational Wigner function we
present the phase diagram of the system with equal but opposite values of the
magnetic moment. We identify the second order phase transition from
paramagnetic to ferronematic phase. Moreover, we show the impact of the
experimentally relevant magnetic field on the stability and the magnetization
of the system. We also investigate a two component Fermi gas with large but
almost equal values of the magnetic moment to study how the interplay between
contact and dipolar interactions affects the stability properties of the
mixture. To be specific we discuss experimentally relevant parameters for
ultracold $^{161}$Dy.


title: Visualization of Job Scheduling in Grid Computers

abstract:
  One of the hot problems in grid computing is job scheduling. It is known that
the job scheduling is NP-complete, and thus the use of heuristics is the de
facto approach to deal with this practice in its difficulty. The proposed is an
imagination to fish swarm, job dispatcher and Visualization gridsim to execute
some jobs.