title: Matrix product states for gauge field theories

abstract:
  The matrix product state formalism is used to simulate Hamiltonian lattice
gauge theories. To this end, we define matrix product state manifolds which are
manifestly gauge invariant. As an application, we study 1+1 dimensional one
flavour quantum electrodynamics, also known as the massive Schwinger model, and
are able to determine very accurately the ground state properties and
elementary one-particle excitations in the continuum limit. In particular, a
novel particle excitation in the form of a heavy vector boson is uncovered,
compatible with the strong coupling expansion in the continuum. We also study
non-equilibrium dynamics by simulating the real-time evolution of the system
induced by a quench in the form of a uniform background electric field.


title:
An application of two-spinors calculus to quantum field and quantum
  mechanics problems

abstract:
  This paper describes the Lorentz two-spinors proposing to use them instead of
Dirac four-spinors and quaternions.


title: Noise Enhanced Activity in a Complex Network

abstract:
  We consider the influence of local noise on a generalized network of
populations having positive and negative feedbacks. The population dynamics at
the nodes is nonlinear, typically chaotic, and allows cessation of activity if
the population falls below a threshold value. We investigate the global
stability of this large interactive system, as indicated by the average number
of nodal populations that manage to remain active. Our central result is that
the probability of obtaining active nodes in this network is significantly
enhanced under fluctuations. Further, we find a sharp transition in the number
of active nodes as noise strength is varied, along with clearly evident scaling
behaviour near the critical noise strength. Lastly, we also observe noise
induced temporal coherence in the active sub-network, namely, there is an
enhancement in synchrony among the nodes at an intermediate noise strength.


title:
Safe control of thermostatically controlled loads with installed timers
  for demand side management

abstract:
  We develop safe protocols for thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) to
provide power pulses to the grid without a subsequent oscillatory response.
Such pulses can alleviate power fluctuations by intermittent resources and
maintain balance between generation and demand. Building on prior work, we
introduce timers to endpoint TCL control enabling better shaping of power
pulses.


title:
Momentum spectra of particles produced in a single pulse of an electric
  field

abstract:
  We study particle creation in a single pulse of an electric field in scalar
quantum electrodynamics. We first identify parameter regions of the theory
where the dynamical pair creation and Schwinger mechanism respectively dominate
each other. Then, analytical expressions for the total characteristics of
particle creation are determined for the case where the Schwinger mechanism
dominates. We also compare our results with those produced in a constant
electric field with a finite-time interval. These results coincide at a strong
field regime, however they differ in general field strength. We identify the
reason of this difference with a nonperturbative effect of high-frequency
photons in external electric fields.


title:
NLO QCD corrections to W+ W- b anti-b production with leptonic decays in
  the light of top quark mass and asymmetry measurements

abstract:
  We present the NLO QCD corrections to the processes p p and p anti-p to W+ W-
b anti-b including leptonic decays of the W bosons. Non-resonant contributions
as well as diagrams with doubly resonant and singly resonant top quark
propagators are fully taken into account. We employ the narrow width
approximation to perform the decays of the W bosons; spin correlations are
however preserved. We also calculate observables relevant for top quark mass
measurements, and study the impact of kinematical requirements and different
scale choices on t anti-t asymmetries.


title: A neuronal device for the control of multi-step computations

abstract:
  We describe the operation of a neuronal device which embodies the
computational principles of the `paper-and-pencil' machine envisioned by Alan
Turing. The network is based on principles of cortical organization. We develop
a plausible solution to implement pointers and investigate how neuronal
circuits may instantiate the basic operations involved in assigning a value to
a variable (i.e., x=5), in determining whether two variables have the same
value and in retrieving the value of a given variable to be accessible to other
nodes of the network. We exemplify the collective function of the network in
simplified arithmetic and problem solving (blocks-world) tasks.


title:
Rapid and deterministic estimation of probability densities using
  scale-free field theories

abstract:
  The question of how best to estimate a continuous probability density from
finite data is an intriguing open problem at the interface of statistics and
physics. Previous work has argued that this problem can be addressed in a
natural way using methods from statistical field theory. Here I describe new
results that allow this field-theoretic approach to be rapidly and
deterministically computed in low dimensions, making it practical for use in
day-to-day data analysis. Importantly, this approach does not impose a
privileged length scale for smoothness of the inferred probability density, but
rather learns a natural length scale from the data due to the tradeoff between
goodness-of-fit and an Occam factor. Open source software implementing this
method in one and two dimensions is provided.

categories: physics.data-an cs.LG math.ST q-bio.QM stat.ML stat.TH


title: Equivariant semidefinite lifts and sum-of-squares hierarchies

abstract:
  A central question in optimization is to maximize (or minimize) a linear
function over a given polytope P. To solve such a problem in practice one needs
a concise description of the polytope P. In this paper we are interested in
representations of P using the positive semidefinite cone: a positive
semidefinite lift (psd lift) of a polytope P is a representation of P as the
projection of an affine slice of the positive semidefinite cone
$\mathbf{S}^d_+$. Such a representation allows linear optimization problems
over P to be written as semidefinite programs of size d. Such representations
can be beneficial in practice when d is much smaller than the number of facets
of the polytope P. In this paper we are concerned with so-called equivariant
psd lifts (also known as symmetric psd lifts) which respect the symmetries of
the polytope P. We present a representation-theoretic framework to study
equivariant psd lifts of a certain class of symmetric polytopes known as
orbitopes. Our main result is a structure theorem where we show that any
equivariant psd lift of size d of an orbitope is of sum-of-squares type where
the functions in the sum-of-squares decomposition come from an invariant
subspace of dimension smaller than d^3. We use this framework to study two
well-known families of polytopes, namely the parity polytope and the cut
polytope, and we prove exponential lower bounds for equivariant psd lifts of
these polytopes.


title:
Interaction between magnetic vortex cores in a pair of nonidentical
  nanodisks

abstract:
  Interacting magnetic nanoobjects constitute one key component for many
proposed spintronic devices, from microwave nano-oscillators to magnetic memory
elements. For this reason, the mechanism of this interaction and its dependence
with distance $d$ between these nanoobjects has been the subject of several
recent studies. In the present work, the problem of the interaction between
magnetic nanodisks with magnetic vortex structures is treated both analytically
and through micromagnetic simulation. The coupling of two magnetic nanodisks is
obtained, in the case of nanodisks with different gyrotropic frequencies. The
motion of the two vortex cores, and consequently the time dependence of the
total magnetization $M(t)$ is derived using Thiele's equation and by
simulation. The magnetic coupling strength as a function of the distance
between the disks of each pair is computed with a recently developed method,
using the magnetic vortex echoes, analogous to the NMR spin echoes. The results
of the two approaches differ by approximately $10\%$ and can be fitted with a
multipolar expansion of odd negative powers of $d$; using one single term, a
dependence with distance found is broadly in agreement with studies employing
other techniques. The coupling frequencies as a function of distance for the
pair of nonidentical disks are also obtained.


title:
Large-N asymptotic expansion for mean field models with Coulomb gas
  interaction

abstract:
  We derive the large-N, all order asymptotic expansion for a system of N
particles with mean-field interactions on top of a Coulomb repulsion at
temperature 1/\beta, under the assumptions that the interactions are analytic,
off-critical, and satisfy a local strict convexity assumption.


title: Thin-shell wormholes from the regular Hayward black hole

abstract:
  We revisit the regular black hole found by Hayward in $4-$dimensional static,
spherically symmetric spacetime. To find a possible source for such a spacetime
we resort to the non-linear electrodynamics in general relativity. It is found
that a magnetic field within this context gives rise to the regular Hayward
black hole. By employing such a regular black hole we construct a thin-shell
wormhole for the case of various equations of state on the shell. We abbreviate
a general equation of state by $p=\psi \left( \sigma \right) $ where $p$ is the
surface pressure which is the function of the mass density ($\sigma $). In
particular, a linear, logarithmic, Chaplygin, etc. forms of equations of state
are considered. In each case we study the stability of the thin-shell against
linear perturbations. We plot the stability regions by tuning the parameters of
the theory. It is observed that the role of the Hayward parameter is to make
the TSW more stable. Perturbations of the throat with small velocity condition
is also studied. The matter of our TSWs, however, remains to be exotic.


title: Tunable lattice Induced Opacity in atom-lattice interaction

abstract:
  A lattice-induced opacity is identified in the scattering process of a
normally-incident matter wave from a two dimensional lattice of atoms. This
system can be treated as an analogue of a confinement induced resonance.
Specifically by modifying the s-wave scattering length between atoms in the
incident matter wave and the lattice-confined atoms, the transmission of the
matter wave can be tuned controllably from zero to one. Based on this, we
propose a possible scheme for a matter wave transistor. When the transmission
of the matter wave is tuned to zero, a matter wave cavity can be formed by
placing two such lattice planes of atoms parallel to one another. At higher
kinetic energies, the two dimensional lattice of atoms can also serve as a
matter wave beam splitter and a wave plate.


title:
Axion-induced effects in atoms, molecules and nuclei: Parity
  nonconservation, anapole moments, electric dipole moments, and spin-gravity
  and spin-axion momentum couplings

abstract:
  We show that the interaction of an axion field, or in general a pseudoscalar
field, with the axial-vector current generated by an electron through a
derivative-type coupling can give rise to a time-dependent mixing of
opposite-parity states in atomic and molecular systems. Likewise, the analogous
interaction of an axion field with the axial-vector current generated by a
nucleon can give rise to time-dependent mixing of opposite-parity states in
nuclear systems. This mixing can induce oscillating electric dipole moments,
oscillating parity non-conservation effects and oscillating anapole moments in
such systems. By adjusting the energy separation between the opposite-parity
states of interest to match the axion mass energy, axion-induced experimental
observables can be enhanced by many orders of magnitude. Oscillating atomic
electric dipole moments can also be generated by axions through hadronic
mechanisms, namely the P,T-violating nucleon-nucleon interaction and through
the axion-induced electric dipole moments of valence nucleons, which comprise
the nuclei. The axion field is modified by the Earth's gravitational field. The
interaction of the spin of either an electron or nucleon with this modified
axion field leads to axion-induced observable effects. These effects, which are
of the form $\mathbf{g} \cdot \mathbf{\sigma}$, differ from the axion-wind
effect, which has the form $\mathbf{p}_{\textrm{a}} \cdot \mathbf{\sigma}$.

categories: hep-ph astro-ph.CO nucl-th physics.atom-ph physics.space-ph


title: A pumping lemma for non-cooperative self-assembly

abstract:
  We prove the computational weakness of a model of tile assembly that has so
far resisted many attempts of formal analysis or positive constructions.
Specifically, we prove that, in Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model, when
restricted to use only noncooperative bindings, any long enough path that can
grow in all terminal assemblies is pumpable, meaning that this path can be
extended into an infinite, ultimately periodic path.
  This result can be seen as a geometric generalization of the pumping lemma of
finite state automata, and closes the question of what can be computed
deterministically in this model. Moreover, this question has motivated the
development of a new method called visible glues. We believe that this method
can also be used to tackle other long-standing problems in computational
geometry, in relation for instance with self-avoiding paths.
  Tile assembly (including non-cooperative tile assembly) was originally
introduced by Winfree and Rothemund in STOC 2000 to understand how to program
shapes. The non-cooperative variant, also known as temperature 1 tile assembly,
is the model where tiles are allowed to bind as soon as they match on one side,
whereas in cooperative tile assembly, some tiles need to match on several sides
in order to bind. In this work, we prove that only very simple shapes can
indeed be programmed, whereas exactly one known result (SODA 2014) showed a
restriction on the assemblies general non-cooperative self-assembly could
achieve, without any implication on its computational expressiveness. With
non-square tiles (like polyominos, SODA 2015), other recent works have shown
that the model quickly becomes computationally powerful.


title:
Shape Resonances in superconducting gaps in a 2DEG at oxide-oxide
  interface

abstract:
  In multiband superconductivity, the case where the single electron hopping
between different Fermi surface spots of different symmetry is forbidden by
selection rules is recently attracting a large interest. The focus is addressed
to superconductivity made of multiple condensates with different symmetry where
the chemical potential crosses a 2.5 Lifshitz transition. This can now be
investigated experimentally by fine-tuning of the chemical potential in the
range of tens meV around a band edge using gate voltage control. We discuss
here the case of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), at the interface
between two insulating oxides confined within a slab of 5 nanometers thickness,
where the electronic structure is made of subbands generated by quantum size
effects. We focus on the case of the BCS-BEC transition in the upper subband
for different pairing strength in the shallow Fermi surface.


title:
Signatures of electronic phase separation in the Hall effect of
  anisotropically strained La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 films

abstract:
  Systematic transport measurements have been performed on a series of
La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO) thin films with varying degrees of anisotropic strain.
The strain is induced via epitaxial growth on NdGaO3(001) substrates and varied
by controlling the thermal annealing time. An antiferromagnetic insulating
(AFI) state, possibly associated with charge ordering, emerges upon thermal
annealing. The Hall effect in these materials exhibits features that are
indicative of a percolative phase transition and correlate closely with the
emergence of the AFI state. In the paramagnetic phase, the Hall resistivity
takes on two slopes in all samples: a decreasing negative slope with increasing
temperature at low fields, which is attributed to the carrier hopping motion,
and an almost temperature independent positive slope at high fields due to
diffusive transport of holes. Significantly, the crossover fields of the Hall
resistivity slope at different temperatures correspond to the same
magnetization, which is interpreted as the critical point of a magnetic
field-driven percolative phase transition. At lower temperatures near the
zero-field metal-insulator transition, pronounced enhancement of the Hall
coefficient with the development of the AFI state is observed. The enhancement
peaks near the magnetic field-driven percolation; its magnitude correlates with
the strength of the AFI state and is suppressed with the melting of the AFI
state by an in-plane magnetic field. The observations resemble many features of
the enhancement of the Hall coefficient in granular metal films near the
composition-driven percolation.


title:
The Contribution of Cosmic Rays Interacting With Molecular Clouds to the
  Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Excess

abstract:
  The Fermi-LAT data appear to have an excess of gamma rays from the inner 150
pc of the Galactic Center. The main explanations proposed for this are: an
unresolved population of millisecond pulsars (MSPs), dark matter (DM)
annihilation, and nonthermal bremsstrahlung produced by a population of
electrons interacting with neutral gas in molecular clouds. The first two
options have spatial templates well fitted by the square of a generalized
Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) profile with inner slope $\gamma=1.2$. We model the
third option with a 20-cm continuum emission Galactic Ridge template. A
template based on the HESS residuals is shown to give similar results. The
gamma-ray excess is found to be best fit by a combination of the generalized
NFW squared template and a Galactic Ridge template. We also find the spectra of
each template is not significantly affected in the combined fit and is
consistent with previous single template fits. That is the generalized NFW
squared spectrum can be fit by either of order 1000 unresolved MSPs or DM with
mass around 30 GeV, a thermal cross section, and mainly annihilating to $b
\bar{b}$ quarks. While the Galactic Ridge continues to have a spectrum
consistent with a population of nonthermal electrons whose spectrum also
provides a good fit to synchrotron emission measurements. We also show that the
current DM fit may be hard to test, even with 10 years of Fermi-LAT data,
especially if there is a mixture of DM and MSPs contributing to the signal, in
which case the implied DM cross section will be suppressed.

categories: astro-ph.HE astro-ph.CO astro-ph.GA hep-ph


title: Classical Antiferromagnetism in Kinetically Frustrated Electronic Models

abstract:
  We study the infinite U Hubbard model with one hole doped away half-filling,
in triangular and square lattices with frustrated hoppings that invalidate
Nagaoka's theorem, by means of the density matrix renormalization group. We
find that these kinetically frustrated models have antiferromagnetic ground
states with classical local magnetization in the thermodynamic limit. We
identify the mechanism of this kinetic antiferromagnetism with the release of
the kinetic energy frustration as the hole moves in the established
antiferromagnetic background. This release can occurs in two different ways: by
a non-trivial spin-Berry phase acquired by the hole or by the effective
vanishing of the hopping amplitude along the frustrating loops.


title: Higher-Rank Fields and Currents

abstract:
  $Sp(2M)$ invariant field equations in the space ${\cal M}_M$ with symmetric
matrix coordinates are classified. Analogous results are obtained for
Minkowski-like subspaces of ${\cal M}_M$ which include usual $4d$ Minkowski
space as a particular case. The constructed equations are associated with the
tensor products of the Fock (singleton) representation of $Sp(2M)$ of any rank
${\mathbf{r }}$. The infinite set of higher-spin conserved currents multilinear
in rank-one fields in ${\cal M}_M$ is found. The associated conserved charges
are supported by $({\mathbf{r }} M-\frac{{\mathbf{r }} ({\mathbf{r }}
-1)}{2})-$dimensional differential forms in ${\cal M}_M$, that are closed by
virtue of the rank-$2{\mathbf{r }}$ field equations. The cohomology groups
$H^p(\sigma^{\mathbf{r }}_-)$ with all $p$ and ${\mathbf{r }}$, which determine
the form of appropriate gauge fields and their field equations, are found both
for ${\cal M}_M$ and for its Minkowski-like subspace.


title: Foliations of Minkowski $2+1$ spacetime by crooked planes

abstract:
  Given a regular curve in Minkowski spacetime, we describe necessary and
sufficient conditions for this curve to admit a family of pairwise-disjoint
crooked planes. Using this criterion, we describe crooked foliations along
orbit curves of one-parameter groups of Lorentzian isometries.


title: Data Mining on Social Interaction Networks

abstract:
  Social media and social networks have already woven themselves into the very
fabric of everyday life. This results in a dramatic increase of social data
capturing various relations between the users and their associated artifacts,
both in online networks and the real world using ubiquitous devices. In this
work, we consider social interaction networks from a data mining perspective -
also with a special focus on real-world face-to-face contact networks: We
combine data mining and social network analysis techniques for examining the
networks in order to improve our understanding of the data, the modeled
behavior, and its underlying emergent processes. Furthermore, we adapt, extend
and apply known predictive data mining algorithms on social interaction
networks. Additionally, we present novel methods for descriptive data mining
for uncovering and extracting relations and patterns for hypothesis generation
and exploration, in order to provide characteristic information about the data
and networks. The presented approaches and methods aim at extracting valuable
knowledge for enhancing the understanding of the respective data, and for
supporting the users of the respective systems. We consider data from several
social systems, like the social bookmarking system BibSonomy, the social
resource sharing system flickr, and ubiquitous social systems: Specifically, we
focus on data from the social conference guidance system Conferator and the
social group interaction system MyGroup. This work first gives a short
introduction into social interaction networks, before we describe several
analysis results in the context of online social networks and real-world
face-to-face contact networks. Next, we present predictive data mining methods,
i.e., for localization, recommendation and link prediction. After that, we
present novel descriptive data mining methods for mining communities and
patterns.


title:
Transverse-energy distributions at midrapidity in $p$$+$$p$, $d$$+$Au,
  and Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=62.4$--200~GeV and implications
  for particle-production models

abstract:
  Measurements of the midrapidity transverse energy distribution, $d\Et/d\eta$,
are presented for $p$$+$$p$, $d$$+$Au, and Au$+$Au collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV and additionally for Au$+$Au collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=62.4$ and 130 GeV. The $d\Et/d\eta$ distributions are first
compared with the number of nucleon participants $N_{\rm part}$, number of
binary collisions $N_{\rm coll}$, and number of constituent-quark participants
$N_{qp}$ calculated from a Glauber model based on the nuclear geometry. For
Au$+$Au, $\mean{d\Et/d\eta}/N_{\rm part}$ increases with $N_{\rm part}$, while
$\mean{d\Et/d\eta}/N_{qp}$ is approximately constant for all three energies.
This indicates that the two component ansatz, $dE_{T}/d\eta \propto (1-x)
N_{\rm part}/2 + x N_{\rm coll}$, which has been used to represent $E_T$
distributions, is simply a proxy for $N_{qp}$, and that the $N_{\rm coll}$ term
does not represent a hard-scattering component in $E_T$ distributions. The
$dE_{T}/d\eta$ distributions of Au$+$Au and $d$$+$Au are then calculated from
the measured $p$$+$$p$ $E_T$ distribution using two models that both reproduce
the Au$+$Au data. However, while the number-of-constituent-quark-participant
model agrees well with the $d$$+$Au data, the additive-quark model does not.


title:
Path Finding I :Solving Linear Programs with \~O(sqrt(rank)) Linear
  System Solves

abstract:
  In this paper we present a new algorithm for solving linear programs that
requires only $\tilde{O}(\sqrt{rank(A)}L)$ iterations to solve a linear program
with $m$ constraints, $n$ variables, and constraint matrix $A$, and bit
complexity $L$. Each iteration of our method consists of solving $\tilde{O}(1)$
linear systems and additional nearly linear time computation.
  Our method improves upon the previous best iteration bound by factor of
$\tilde{\Omega}((m/rank(A))^{1/4})$ for methods with polynomial time computable
iterations and by $\tilde{\Omega}((m/rank(A))^{1/2})$ for methods which solve
at most $\tilde{O}(1)$ linear systems in each iteration. Our method is
parallelizable and amenable to linear algebraic techniques for accelerating the
linear system solver. As such, up to polylogarithmic factors we either match or
improve upon the best previous running times in both depth and work for
different ratios of $m$ and $rank(A)$.
  Moreover, our method matches up to polylogarithmic factors a theoretical
limit established by Nesterov and Nemirovski in 1994 regarding the use of a
"universal barrier" for interior point methods, thereby resolving a
long-standing open question regarding the running time of polynomial time
interior point methods for linear programming.


title:
Multi-leg One-loop Massive Amplitudes from Integrand Reduction via
  Laurent Expansion

abstract:
  We present the application of a novel reduction technique for one-loop
scattering amplitudes based on the combination of the integrand reduction and
Laurent expansion. We describe the general features of its implementation in
the computer code NINJA, and its interface to GoSam. We apply the new reduction
to a series of selected processes involving massive particles, from six to
eight legs.


title:
The Connectivity of Boolean Satisfiability: Dichotomies for Formulas and
  Circuits

abstract:
  For Boolean satisfiability problems, the structure of the solution space is
characterized by the solution graph, where the vertices are the solutions, and
two solutions are connected iff they differ in exactly one variable. In 2006,
Gopalan et al. studied connectivity properties of the solution graph and
related complexity issues for CSPs, motivated mainly by research on
satisfiability algorithms and the satisfiability threshold. They proved
dichotomies for the diameter of connected components and for the complexity of
the st-connectivity question, and conjectured a trichotomy for the connectivity
question. Recently, we were able to establish the trichotomy [arXiv:1312.4524].
  Here, we consider connectivity issues of satisfiability problems defined by
Boolean circuits and propositional formulas that use gates, resp. connectives,
from a fixed set of Boolean functions. We obtain dichotomies for the diameter
and the two connectivity problems: on one side, the diameter is linear in the
number of variables, and both problems are in P, while on the other side, the
diameter can be exponential, and the problems are PSPACE-complete. For
partially quantified formulas, we show an analogous dichotomy.


title: Faster all-pairs shortest paths via circuit complexity

abstract:
  We present a new randomized method for computing the min-plus product
(a.k.a., tropical product) of two $n \times n$ matrices, yielding a faster
algorithm for solving the all-pairs shortest path problem (APSP) in dense
$n$-node directed graphs with arbitrary edge weights. On the real RAM, where
additions and comparisons of reals are unit cost (but all other operations have
typical logarithmic cost), the algorithm runs in time
\[\frac{n^3}{2^{\Omega(\log n)^{1/2}}}\] and is correct with high probability.
On the word RAM, the algorithm runs in $n^3/2^{\Omega(\log n)^{1/2}} +
n^{2+o(1)}\log M$ time for edge weights in $([0,M] \cap {\mathbb
Z})\cup\{\infty\}$. Prior algorithms used either $n^3/(\log^c n)$ time for
various $c \leq 2$, or $O(M^{\alpha}n^{\beta})$ time for various $\alpha > 0$
and $\beta > 2$.
  The new algorithm applies a tool from circuit complexity, namely the
Razborov-Smolensky polynomials for approximately representing ${\sf AC}^0[p]$
circuits, to efficiently reduce a matrix product over the $(\min,+)$ algebra to
a relatively small number of rectangular matrix products over ${\mathbb F}_2$,
each of which are computable using a particularly efficient method due to
Coppersmith. We also give a deterministic version of the algorithm running in
$n^3/2^{\log^{\delta} n}$ time for some $\delta > 0$, which utilizes the
Yao-Beigel-Tarui translation of ${\sf AC}^0[m]$ circuits into "nice" depth-two
circuits.


title:
Neutral stochastic functional differential equation driven by fractional
  Brownian motion and Poisson point processes

abstract:
  In this note we consider a class of neutral stochastic functional
differential equations with finite delay driven simultaneously by a fractional
Brownian motion and a Poisson point processes in a Hilbert space. We prove an
existence and uniqueness result and we establish some conditions ensuring the
exponential decay to zero in mean square for the mild solution by means of the
Banach fixed point principle.


title: Cosmic ray modulation studies with Lead-free Gulmarg neutron monitor

abstract:
  A lead-free neutron monitor operating at High Altitude Research Laboratory
(HARL), Gulmarg optimized for detecting 2.45 MeV neutron bursts produced during
the atmospheric lightning discharges is also concurrently used for studying
background neutron component present in the atmosphere. These background
neutrons are produced due to the interaction of primary cosmic rays with the
atmospheric constituents. In order to study and extract the information about
the yield of the neutron production during transient atmospheric lightning
discharges, the system is continuously operated to monitor and record the
cosmic ray produced background secondary neutrons in the atmosphere. The data
analysis of the background neutrons recorded by Lead-Free Gulmarg Neutron
Monitor (LFGNM) has convincingly established that the modulation effects due to
solar activity phenomena compare very well with those monitored by the
worldwide IGY or NM64 type neutron monitors which have optimum energy response
relatively towards the higher energy regime of the cosmic rays. The data has
revealed various types of modulation phenomena like diurnal variation, Forbush
decrease etc. during its entire operational period. However, a new kind of a
periodic/seasonal variation pattern is also revealed in the data from September
2007 to September 2012, which is seen to be significantly consistent with the
data recorded by Emilio Segre observatory, Israel (ESOI) Neutron Monitor.
Interestingly, both these neutron monitors have comparable latitude and
altitude. However, the same type of consistency is not observed in the data
recorded by the other conventional neutron monitors operating across the globe.


title:
Matching of Stephani and de Sitter solutions on the hypersurface of
  constant time

abstract:
  The spherically symmetric solution for perfect fluid with homogeneous density
and inhomogeneous pressure has been considered. This solution is known as
Stephani solution. The matching of this solution and de Sitter solution has
been done on a hypersurface of constant time. The matching has been done for
general case and for particular cases (flat, closed, open universe). An
equality of the densities and a bound of the pressures have been shown on the
matching hypersurface. Also, restrictions on some arbitrary functions have been
found.


title:
Spatially Homogeneous Rotating Solution in f(R) Gravity and Its Energy
  Contents

abstract:
  In this paper, the metric approach of $f(R)$ theory of gravity is used to
investigate the exact vacuum solutions of spatially homogeneous rotating
spacetimes. For this purpose, R is replaced by f(R) in the standard
Einstein-Hilbert action and the set of modified Einstein field equations reduce
to a single equation. We adopt the assumption of constant Ricci scalar which
maybe zero or non-zero. Moreover, the energy density of the non-trivial
solution has been evaluated by using the generalized Landau-Lifshitz
energy-momentum complex in the perspective of f(R) gravity for some appropriate
f(R) model, which turns out to be a constant quantity.


title:
Convergence of adaptive mixed finite element method for
  convection-diffusion-reaction equations

abstract:
  We prove the convergence of an adaptive mixed finite element method (AMFEM)
for (nonsymmetric) convection-diffusion-reaction equations. The convergence
result holds from the cases where convection or reaction is not present to
convection-or reaction-dominated problems. A novel technique of analysis is
developed without any quasi orthogonality for stress and displacement
variables, and without marking the oscillation dependent on discrete solutions
and data. We show that AMFEM is a contraction of the error of the stress and
displacement variables plus some quantity. Numerical experiments confirm the
theoretical results.


title: Collapse and Expansion of Anisotropic Plane Symmetric Source

abstract:
  This paper deals with the collapse and expansion of relativistic anisotropic
self-gravitating source. The field equations for non-radiating and non-static
plane symmetric anisotropic source have been evaluated. The non-radiating
property of the fluid leads to evaluation of the metric functions. We have
classified the dynamical behavior of gravitational source as expansion and
collapse. The collapse in this case leads to the final stage without the
formation of apparent horizons while such horizons exists in case of spherical
anisotropic source. The matching of interior and exterior regions provides the
continuity of masses over the boundary surface.


title: Punctures from Probe M5-Branes and N=1 Superconformal Field Theories

abstract:
  We study probe M5-branes in N=1 AdS5 solutions of M-theory that arise from
M5-branes wrapped on a Riemann surface. Using the BPS condition from
kappa-symmetry, we classify supersymmetric probe M5-branes that extend along
all of AdS5 and intersect the Riemann surface at points. These can be viewed as
punctures in the dual N=1 superconformal field theories. We find M5-branes that
correspond to the two types of simple punctures previously studied in field
theory. In addition, when the central charge is rational, we find a new class
of M5-branes with a moduli space that includes two internal dimensions in
addition to the Riemann surface. These new M5-branes have the essential
characteristic of fractional branes, in that a single one at a generic point of
its moduli space becomes multiple M5-branes at special points.


title: Do we need N$^3$LO Parton Distributions?

abstract:
  We discuss the uncertainty on processes computed using next-to-next-to
leading (NNLO) parton distributions (PDFs) due to the neglect of higher order
perturbative corrections in the PDF determination, in the specific case of
Higgs production in gluon fusion. By studying the behaviour of the perturbative
series for this process, we show that this uncertainty is negligible in
comparison to the theoretical uncertainty on the matrix element. We then take
this as a case study for the use of the Cacciari-Houdeau method for the
estimate of theoretical uncertainties, and show that the method provides an
effective way of treating theoretical uncertainties on the matrtix element and
the PDF on the same footing.


title: Quantum geometry and quiver gauge theories

abstract:
  We study macroscopically two dimensional $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ supersymmetric
gauge theories constructed by compactifying the quiver gauge theories with
eight supercharges on a product $\mathbb{T}^{d} \times
\mathbb{R}^{2}_{\epsilon}$ of a $d$-dimensional torus and a two dimensional
cigar with $\Omega$-deformation. We compute the universal part of the effective
twisted superpotential. In doing so we establish the correspondence between the
gauge theories, quantization of the moduli spaces of instantons on
$\mathbb{R}^{2-d} \times \mathbb{T}^{2+d}$ and singular monopoles on
$\mathbb{R}^{2-d} \times \mathbb{T}^{1+d}$, for $d=0,1,2$, and the Yangian
$\mathbf{Y}_{\epsilon}(\mathfrak{g}_{\Gamma})$, quantum affine algebra
$\mathbf{U}^{\mathrm{aff}}_q(\mathfrak{g}_{\Gamma})$, or the quantum elliptic
algebra $\mathbf{U}^{\mathrm{ell}}_{q,p}(\mathfrak{g}_{\Gamma})$ associated to
Kac-Moody algebra $\mathfrak{g}_{\Gamma}$ for quiver $\Gamma$.


title: A no-go theorem for generalized vector Galileons on flat spacetime

abstract:
  We explore the possibility for generalized electromagnetism on flat
spacetime. For a single copy of $U(1)$ gauge theory, we show that the
Galileon-type generalization of electromagnetism is forbidden. Given that the
equations of motion for the vector field are gauge invariant and Lorentz
invariant, follow from an action and contain no more than second derivative on
$A_\mu$, the equations of motion are at most linear with respect to second
derivative of $A_\mu$.


title:
Vacuum Insertion Approximation and the $\Delta I=1/2$ rule:a lattice QCD
  test of the na\"ive factorization hypothesis for $K$, $D$, $B$ and static
  mesons

abstract:
  Motivated by a recent paper by the RBC-UKQCD Collaboration, which observes
large violations of the na\"ive factorization hypothesis in $K \to \pi \pi$
decays, we study in this paper the accuracy of the Vacuum Insertion
Approximation (VIA) for the matrix elements of the complete basis of four
fermion $\Delta F=2$ operators. We perform a comparison between the matrix
elements in QCD, evaluated on the lattice, and the VIA predictions. We also
investigate the dependence on the external meson masses by computing matrix
elements for $K$, $D_s$, $B_s$ and static mesons. In commonly used
renormalization schemes, we find large violations of the VIA in particular for
one of the two relevant Wick contractions in the kaon sector. These deviations,
however, decrease significantly as the meson mass increases and the VIA
predictions turn out to be rather well verified for B-meson matrix elements
and, even better, in the infinite mass limit.


title: Generalized Microlensing Effective Timescale

abstract:
  The microlensing effective timescale t_eff=beta*t_E is used frequently in
high-magnification (beta << 1) microlensing events, because it is better
constrained than either the impact parameter beta or the Einstein timescale t_E
separately. It also facilitates intuitive understanding of lightcurves prior to
determination of a model. Similar considerations may apply to very low
magnification events. I therefore provide a generalization of this quantity to
all events: t_eff = beta*t_E*sqrt((1+beta^2/2)(1+beta^2/4)).


title: Astrophysics Source Code Library: Incite to Cite!

abstract:
  The Astrophysics Source Code Library (ASCL, http://ascl.net/) is an online
registry of over 700 source codes that are of interest to astrophysicists, with
more being added regularly. The ASCL actively seeks out codes as well as
accepting submissions from the code authors, and all entries are citable and
indexed by ADS. All codes have been used to generate results published in or
submitted to a refereed journal and are available either via a download site or
froman identified source. In addition to being the largest directory of
scientist-written astrophysics programs available, the ASCL is also an active
participant in the reproducible research movement with presentations at various
conferences, numerous blog posts and a journal article. This poster provides a
description of the ASCL and the changes that we are starting to see in the
astrophysics community as a result of the work we are doing.


title:
Constraining Sub-Parsec Binary Supermassive Black Holes in Quasars with
  Multi-Epoch Spectroscopy. II. The Population with Kinematically Offset Broad
  Balmer Emission Lines

abstract:
  A small fraction of quasars have long been known to show bulk velocity
offsets in the broad Balmer lines with respect to the systemic redshift of the
host galaxy. Models to explain these offsets usually invoke broad-line region
gas kinematics/asymmetry around single black holes (BHs), orbital motion of
massive (~sub-pc) binary black holes (BBHs), or recoil BHs, but single-epoch
spectra are unable to distinguish between these scenarios. The line-of-sight
(LOS) radial velocity (RV) shifts from long-term spectroscopic monitoring can
be used to test the BBH hypothesis. We have selected a sample of 399 quasars
with offset broad H-beta lines from the SDSS DR7 quasar catalog, and have
conducted second-epoch optical spectroscopy for 50 of them. Combined with the
existing SDSS spectra, the new observations enable us to constrain the LOS RV
shifts of broad H-beta lines with a rest-frame baseline of a few years to
nearly a decade. Using cross-correlation analysis, we detect significant (99%
confidence) radial accelerations in the broad H-beta lines in 24 of the 50
objects. We suggest that 9 of the 24 detections are sub-pc BBH candidates,
which show consistent velocity shifts independently measured from a second
broad line (either H-alpha or Mg II) without significant changes in the
broad-line profiles. Combining the results on the general quasar population
studied in Paper I, we find a tentative anti-correlation between the velocity
offset in the first-epoch spectrum and the average acceleration between two
epochs, which could be explained by orbital phase modulation when the time
separation between two epochs is a non-negligible fraction of the orbital
period of the motion causing the line displacement. We discuss the implications
of our results for the identification of sub-pc BBH candidates in offset-line
quasars and for the constraints on their frequency and orbital parameters.
[Abridged]


title: Grand Unification and Intermediate Scale Supersymmetry

abstract:
  With minimal field content and for an interesting range of the supersymmetric
Higgs mixing parameter, 0.5 < tan^2 \beta < 2, the superpartner mass scale,
\tilde{m}, is found to be at the intermediate scale, ~ 10^{10 \pm 1} GeV, near
where the Standard Model Higgs quartic coupling passes through zero. For any 4d
supersymmetric grand unified symmetry spontaneously broken by a vacuum
expectation value <\Sigma>, if superpotential interactions for \Sigma are
forbidden e.g. by R symmetries, the uneaten color octet, \Sigma_8, and weak
triplet, \Sigma_3, have masses of order \tilde{m}. The combination of
superpartner and \Sigma_{8,3} states leads to successful gauge coupling
unification, removing the disastrously high proton decay rate of minimal
Standard Model unification. Proton decay could be seen in future experiments if
\tilde{m} ~ 10^{11} GeV, but not if it is lower. If the reheating temperature
after inflation, T_R, is less than \tilde{m} dark matter may be axions. If T_R
> \tilde{m}, thermal LSP dark matter may lead to the environmental selection of
a TeV-scale LSP, either wino or Higgsino, which could comprise all or just one
component of dark matter. In the Higgsino case, the dark matter is found to
behave inelastically in direct detection experiments, and gauge coupling
unification occurs accurately without the need of any threshold corrections.


title:
Solving Coupled Composite Monotone Inclusions by Successive Fej\'er
  Approximations of Their Kuhn-Tucker Set

abstract:
  We propose a new class of primal-dual Fejer monotone algorithms for solving
systems of com- posite monotone inclusions. Our construction is inspired by a
framework used by Eckstein and Svaiter for the basic problem of finding a zero
of the sum of two monotone operators. At each iteration, points in the graph of
the monotone operators present in the model are used to con- struct a
half-space containing the Kuhn-Tucker set associated with the system. The
primal-dual update is then obtained via a relaxed projection of the current
iterate onto this half-space. An important feature that distinguishes the
resulting splitting algorithms from existing ones is that they do not require
prior knowledge of bounds on the linear operators involved or the inversion of
linear operators.


title: The Swift-Hohenberg equation with a nonlocal nonlinearity

abstract:
  It is well known that aspects of the formation of localised states in a
one-dimensional Swift--Hohenberg equation can be described by
Ginzburg--Landau-type envelope equations. This paper extends these multiple
scales analyses to cases where an additional nonlinear integral term, in the
form of a convolution, is present. The presence of a kernel function introduces
a new lengthscale into the problem, and this results in additional complexity
in both the derivation of envelope equations and in the bifurcation structure.
  When the kernel is short-range, weakly nonlinear analysis results in envelope
equations of standard type but whose coefficients are modified in complicated
ways by the nonlinear nonlocal term. Nevertheless, these computations can be
formulated quite generally in terms of properties of the Fourier transform of
the kernel function. When the lengthscale associated with the kernel is longer,
our method leads naturally to the derivation of two different, novel, envelope
equations that describe aspects of the dynamics in these new regimes. The first
of these contains additional bifurcations, and unexpected loops in the
bifurcation diagram. The second of these captures the stretched-out nature of
the homoclinic snaking curves that arises due to the nonlocal term.


title: Observational Evidence for Black Holes

abstract:
  Astronomers have discovered two populations of black holes: (i) stellar-mass
black holes with masses in the range 5 to 30 solar masses, millions of which
are present in each galaxy in the universe, and (ii) supermassive black holes
with masses in the range 10^6 to 10^{10} solar masses, one each in the nucleus
of every galaxy. There is strong circumstantial evidence that all these objects
are true black holes with event horizons. The measured masses of supermassive
black hole are strongly correlated with properties of their host galaxies,
suggesting that these black holes, although extremely small in size, have a
strong influence on the formation and evolution of entire galaxies. Spin
parameters have recently been measured for a handful of black holes. Based on
the data, there is an indication that the kinetic power of at least one class
of relativistic jet ejected from accreting black holes may be correlated with
black hole spin. If verified, it would suggest that these jets are powered by a
generalized Penrose process mediated by magnetic fields.


title: Quantitative Rellich Inequalities on Finsler-Hadamard Manifolds

abstract:
  In this paper we are dealing with quantitative Rellich inequalities on
Finsler-Hadamard manifolds where the remainder terms are expressed by means of
the flag curvature. By exploring various arguments from Finsler geometry and
PDEs on manifolds we show that more weighty curvature implies more powerful
improvements in Rellich inequalities. The sharpness of the involved constants
are also studied. Our results complement those of Yang, Su and Kong [Commun.
Contemp. Math., 2014].


title:
Undecidability in binary tag systems and the Post correspondence problem
  for four pairs of words

abstract:
  Since Cocke and Minsky proved 2-tag systems universal, they have been
extensively used to prove the universality of numerous computational models.
Unfortunately, all known algorithms give universal 2-tag systems that have a
large number of symbols. In this work, tag systems with only 2 symbols (the
minimum possible) are proved universal via an intricate construction showing
that they simulate cyclic tag systems. Our simulation algorithm has a
polynomial time overhead, and thus shows that binary tag systems simulate
Turing machines in polynomial time.
  We immediately find applications of our result. We reduce the halting problem
for binary tag systems to the Post correspondence problem for 4 pairs of words.
This improves on 7 pairs, the previous bound for undecidability in this
problem. Following our result, only the case for 3 pairs of words remains open,
as the problem is known to be decidable for 2 pairs. As a further application,
we find that the matrix mortality problem is undecidable for sets with five
$3\times 3$ matrices and for sets with two $15\times 15$ matrices. The previous
bounds for the undecidability in this problem was seven $3\times 3$ matrices
and two $ 21\times 21$ matrices.


title: Decoupled gas kinematics in isolated S0 galaxies

abstract:
  A sample of completely isolated S0 galaxies has been studied by means of
long-slit spectroscopy at the Russian 6-m telescope. 7 of 12 galaxies have
revealed a presence of extended ionized-gas discs which rotation is mostly
decoupled from the stellar kinematics: 5 of 7 (71+/-17%) galaxies show a
visible counterrotation of the ionized-gas component with respect to the
stellar component. The emission-line diagnostics demonstrates a wide range of
the gas excitation mechanisms, although a pure excitation by young stars is
rare. We conclude that in all cases the extended gaseous discs in our sample
S0s are of external origin, despite the visible isolation of the galaxies.
Possible sources of external accretion, such as systems of dwarf gas-rich
satellites or cosmological cold-gas filaments, are discussed.


title:
Metric measure spaces supporting Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequalities:
  volume non-collapsing and rigidities

abstract:
  Let $({M},\textsf{d},\textsf{m})$ be a metric measure space which satisfies
the Lott-Sturm-Villani curvature-dimension condition $\textsf{CD}(K,n)$ for
some $K\geq 0$ and $n\geq 2$, and a lower $n-$density assumption at some point
of $M$. We prove that if $({M},\textsf{d},\textsf{m})$ supports the
Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality or any of its limit cases ($L^p-$logarithmic
Sobolev inequality or Faber-Krahn-type inequality), then a global
non-collapsing $n-$dimensional volume growth holds, i.e., there exists a
universal constant $C_0>0$ such that $\textsf{m}( B_x(\rho))\geq C_0 \rho^n$
for all $x\in {M}$ and $\rho\geq 0,$ where $B_x(\rho)=\{y\in M:{\sf
d}(x,y)<\rho\}$. Due to the quantitative character of the volume growth
estimate, we establish several rigidity results on Riemannian manifolds with
non-negative Ricci curvature supporting Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequalities by
exploring a quantitative Perelman-type homotopy construction developed by Munn
(J. Geom. Anal., 2010). Further rigidity results are also presented on some
reversible Finsler manifolds.


title:
The water abundance behind interstellar shocks: results from
  $Herschel$/PACS and $Spitzer$/IRS observations of H$_2$O, CO, and H$_2$

abstract:
  We have investigated the water abundance in shock-heated molecular gas,
making use of $Herschel$ measurements of far-infrared CO and H$_2$O line
emissions in combination with $Spitzer$ measurements of mid-IR H$_2$ rotational
emissions. We present far-infrared line spectra obtained with $Herschel$'s PACS
instrument in range spectroscopy mode towards two positions in the protostellar
outflow NGC 2071 and one position each in the supernova remnants W28 and 3C391.
These spectra provide unequivocal detections, at one or more positions, of 12
rotational lines of water, 14 rotational lines of CO, 8 rotational lines of OH
(4 lambda doublets), and 7 fine-structure transitions of atoms or atomic ions.
We first used a simultaneous fit to the CO line fluxes, along with H$_2$
rotational line fluxes measured previously by $Spitzer$, to constrain the
temperature and density distribution within the emitting gas; and we then
investigated the water abundances implied by the observed H$_2$O line fluxes.
The water line fluxes are in acceptable agreement with standard theoretical
models for nondissociative shocks that predict the complete vaporization of
grain mantles in shocks of velocity $v \sim 25$ km/s, behind which the
characteristic gas temperature is $\sim 1300$ K and the H$_2$O/CO ratio is 1.2


title:
Relaxation dynamics of an isolated large-spin Fermi gas far from
  equilibrium

abstract:
  A fundamental question in many-body physics is how closed quantum systems
reach equilibrium. We address this question experimentally and theoretically in
an ultracold large-spin Fermi gas where we find a complex interplay between
internal and motional degrees of freedom. The fermions are initially prepared
far from equilibrium with only a few spin states occupied. The subsequent
dynamics leading to redistribution among all spin states is observed
experimentally and simulated theoretically using a kinetic Boltzmann equation
with full spin coherence. The latter is derived microscopically and provides
good agreement with experimental data without any free parameters. We identify
several collisional processes, which occur on different time scales. By varying
density and magnetic field, we control the relaxation dynamics and are able to
continuously tune the character of a subset of spin states from an open to a
closed system.


title:
Heat capacity jump at T_c and pressure derivatives of superconducting
  transition temperature in the Ba(1-x)NaxFe2As2 (0.1 <= x <= 0.9) series

abstract:
  We present the evolution of the initial (up to ~ 10 kbar) hydrostatic,
pressure dependencies of T_c and of the ambient pressure jump in the heat
capacity associated with the superconducting transition as a function of Na -
doping in the Ba(1-x)NaxFe2As2 family of iron-based superconductors. For Na
concentrations 0.15 <= x <= 0.9, the jump in specific heat at T_c, Delta C_p,
follows the Delta C_p ~ T^3 scaling found for most BaFe2As2 - based
superconductors. Pressure dependencies are non-monotonic for x = 0.2 and x =
0.24. For other Na concentrations T_c decreases under pressure in almost linear
fashion. The anomalous behavior of the x = 0.2 and x = 0.24 samples under
pressure are possibly due to the crossing of the phase boundaries of the narrow
antiferromagnetic tetragonal phase, unique for the Ba(1-x)NaxFe2As2 series,
with the application of pressure.


title: Localization of zeros for Cauchy transforms

abstract:
  We study the localization of zeros of Cauchy transforms of discrete measures
on the real line. This question is motivated by the theory of canonical systems
of differential equations. In particular, we prove that the spaces of Cauchy
transforms having the localization property are in one-to-one correspondence
with the canonical systems of special type, namely, those whose Hamiltonians
consist only of indivisible intervals accumulating on the left. Various aspects
of the localization phenomena are studied in details. Connections with the
density of polynomials and other topics in analysis are discussed.


title: Comment on "Spin in an arbitrary gravitational field" arXiv:1308.4552

abstract:
  The authors of that work [Phys. Rev. D 88, 084014 (2013)], arXiv:1308.4552,
derive quantum-mechanical equations valid for the covariant Dirac equation by
restricting the choice of the tetrad field through the use of the "Schwinger
gauge". Yet it has been shown previously that this gauge leaves space for a
physical ambiguity of the Hamiltonian operator. It is shown here precisely how
this ambiguity occurs with their settings. There is another ambiguity in the
Foldy-Wouthuysen Hamiltonian, for the time-dependent case which is relevant
here. However, their equations of motion for classical spinning particles are
unambiguous.


title:
Development of Morphogen Gradient: The Role of Dimension and
  Discreteness

abstract:
  The fundamental processes of biological development are governed by multiple
signaling molecules that create non-uniform concentration profiles known as
morphogen gradients. It is widely believed that the establishment of morphogen
gradients is a result of complex processes that involve diffusion and
degradation of locally produced signaling molecules. We developed a
multi-dimensional discrete-state stochastic approach for investigating the
corresponding reaction-diffusion models. It provided a full analytical
description for stationary profiles and for important dynamic properties such
as local accumulation times, variances and mean first-passage times. The role
of discreteness in developing of morphogen gradients is analyzed by comparing
with available continuum descriptions. It is found that the continuum models
prediction about multiple time scales near the source region in two-dimensional
and three-dimensional systems is not supported in our analysis. Using ideas
that view the degradation process as an effective potential, the effect of
dimensionality on establishment of morphogen gradients is also discussed. In
addition, we investigated how these reaction-diffusion processes are modified
with changing the size of the source region.


title:
Dimensional reduction of the massless limit of the linearized "New
  Massive Gravity"

abstract:
  The so called "New Massive Gravity" in $D=2+1$ consists of the
Einstein-Hilbert action (with minus sign) plus a quadratic term in curvatures
($K$-term). Here we perform the Kaluza-Klein dimensional reduction of the
linearized $K$-term to $D=1+1$. We end up with a fourth-order massive
electrodynamics in $D=1+1$ described by a rank-2 tensor. Remarkably, there
appears a local symmetry in $D=1+1$ which persists even after gauging away the
Stueckelberg fields of the dimensional reduction. It plays the role of a $U(1)$
gauge symmetry. Although of higher-order in derivatives, the new $2D$ massive
electrodynamics is ghost free, as we show here. It is shown, via master action,
to be dual to the Maxwell-Proca theory with a scalar Stueckelberg field.


title: Galactic kU-band Thermal Survey (GUTS)

abstract:
  This White Paper proposes a unique milli-Jansky sensitive arcsecond
resolution VLA 15 GHz (Ku band) continuum polarization imaging survey of the
Galactic plane using C array configuration. The science driver is to fill the
gap between previous lower frequency VLA Galactic plane surveys, mainly
detecting synchrotron radio emission at 1.4 and 5 GHz, and the higher frequency
(future ALMA and present MSX, SPITZER, PLANCK, WISE) 0.1-100 THz infrared
surveys that detect thermal radiation. The 15 GHz band appears to be the
highest frequency at which such a survey is both feasible and maximally unique
from the synchrotron radio view and will facilitate new multi-waveband Galactic
research and, for example, identify targets for ALMA. Depending on the final
survey parameters, for example a 3 second integration time for a (8-sigma) 1
mJy 12-18 GHz detection limit over a 10 degree band along the VLA observable
(280 degree) Galactic plane, this survey would consume up to 3200 VLA observing
hours using on-the-fly mapping and still allow for, e.g., an additional sub-Jy
sensitive 12.2 GHz methanol maser line survey. Furthermore this survey would
reveal potential compact high-frequency VLA calibrators in the Galactic bulge
and plane, a region where there is a severe lack of them.


title:
Semisimplicity and Reduction of p-adic Representations of Topological
  Monoids

abstract:
  We give a criterion of the semisimplicity of a p-adic unitary representation
of a topological monoid by the reduction of the associated operator algebra.


title: Invariant Factorization Of Time-Series

abstract:
  Time-series classification is an important domain of machine learning and a
plethora of methods have been developed for the task. In comparison to existing
approaches, this study presents a novel method which decomposes a time-series
dataset into latent patterns and membership weights of local segments to those
patterns. The process is formalized as a constrained objective function and a
tailored stochastic coordinate descent optimization is applied. The time-series
are projected to a new feature representation consisting of the sums of the
membership weights, which captures frequencies of local patterns. Features from
various sliding window sizes are concatenated in order to encapsulate the
interaction of patterns from different sizes. Finally, a large-scale
experimental comparison against 6 state of the art baselines and 43 real life
datasets is conducted. The proposed method outperforms all the baselines with
statistically significant margins in terms of prediction accuracy.


title:
Path Finding II : An \~O(m sqrt(n)) Algorithm for the Minimum Cost Flow
  Problem

abstract:
  In this paper we present an $\tilde{O}(m\sqrt{n}\log^{O(1)}U)$ time algorithm
for solving the maximum flow problem on directed graphs with $m$ edges, $n$
vertices, and capacity ratio $U$. This improves upon the previous fastest
running time of
$O(m\min\left(n^{2/3},m^{1/2}\right)\log\left(n^{2}/m\right)\log U)$ achieved
over 15 years ago by Goldberg and Rao. In the special case of solving dense
directed unit capacity graphs our algorithm improves upon the previous fastest
running times of of $O(\min\{m^{3/2},mn^{^{2/3}}\})$ achieved by Even and
Tarjan and Karzanov over 35 years ago and of $\tilde{O}(m^{10/7})$ achieved
recently by M\k{a}dry.
  We achieve these results through the development and application of a new
general interior point method that we believe is of independent interest. The
number of iterations required by this algorithm is better than that predicted
by analyzing the best self-concordant barrier of the feasible region. By
applying this method to the linear programming formulations of maximum flow,
minimum cost flow, and lossy generalized minimum cost flow and applying
analysis by Daitch and Spielman we achieve running time of
$\tilde{O}(m\sqrt{n}\log^{O(1)}(U/\epsilon))$ for these problems as well.
Furthermore, our algorithm is parallelizable and using a recent nearly linear
time work polylogarithmic depth Laplacian system solver of Spielman and Peng we
achieve a $\tilde{O}(\sqrt{n}\log^{O(1)}(U/\epsilon))$ depth algorithm and
$\tilde{O}(m\sqrt{n}\log^{O(1)}(U/\epsilon))$ work algorithm for solving these
problems.


title: Optimal Order Convergence Implies Numerical Smoothness

abstract:
  It is natural to expect the following loosely stated approximation principle
to hold: a numerical approximation solution should be in some sense as smooth
as its target exact solution in order to have optimal convergence. For
piecewise polynomials, that means we have to at least maintain numerical
smoothness in the interiors as well as across the interfaces of cells or
elements. In this paper we give clear definitions of numerical smoothness that
address the across-interface smoothness in terms of scaled jumps in derivatives
[9] and the interior numerical smoothness in terms of differences in derivative
values. Furthermore, we prove rigorously that the principle can be simply
stated as numerical smoothness is necessary for optimal order convergence. It
is valid on quasi-uniform meshes by triangles and quadrilaterals in two
dimensions and by tetrahedrons and hexahedrons in three dimensions. With this
validation we can justify, among other things, incorporation of this principle
in creating adaptive numerical approximation for the solution of PDEs or ODEs,
especially in designing proper smoothness indicators or detecting potential
non-convergence and instability.


title: The expert game -- Cooperation in social communication

abstract:
  Large parts of professional human communication proceed in a request-reply
fashion, whereby requests contain specifics of the information desired while
replies can deliver the required information. However, time limitations often
force individuals to prioritize some while neglecting others. This dilemma will
inevitably force individuals into defecting against some communication partners
to give attention to others. Furthermore, communication entirely breaks down
when individuals act purely egoistically as replies would never be issued and
quest for desired information would always be prioritized. Here we present an
experiment, termed "The expert game", where a number of individuals communicate
with one-another through an electronic messaging system. By imposing a strict
limit on the number of sent messages, individuals were required to decide
between requesting information that is beneficial for themselves or helping
others by replying to their requests. In the experiment, individuals were
assigned the task to find the expert on a specific topic and receive a reply
from that expert. Tasks and expertise of each player were periodically
re-assigned to randomize the required interactions. Resisting this
randomization, a non-random network of cooperative communication between
individuals formed. We use a simple Bayesian inference algorithm to model each
player's trust in the cooperativity of others with good experimental agreement.
Our results suggest that human communication in groups of individuals is
strategic and favors cooperation with trusted parties at the cost of defection
against others. To establish and maintain trusted links a significant fraction
of time-resources is allocated, even in situations where the information
transmitted is negligible.


title:
On whether zero is in the global attractor of the 2D Navier-Stokes
  equations

abstract:
  The set of nonzero external forces for which the zero function is in the
global attractor of the 2D Navier-Stokes equations is shown to be meagre in a
Fr\'echet topology. A criterion in terms of a Taylor expansion in complex time
is used to characterize the forces in this set. This leads to several relations
between certain Gevrey subclasses of $C^{\infty}$ and a new upper bound for a
Gevrey norm of solutions in the attractor, valid in the strip of analyticity in
time.


title: General properties of holographic entanglement entropy

abstract:
  The Ryu-Takayanagi formula implies many general properties of entanglement
entropies in holographic theories. We review the known properties, such as
continuity, strong subadditivity, and monogamy of mutual information, and fill
in gaps in some of the previously-published proofs. We also add a few new
properties, including: properties of the map from boundary regions to bulk
regions implied by the RT formula, such as monotonicity; conditions under which
subadditivity-type inequalities are saturated; and an inequality concerning
reflection-symmetric states. We attempt to draw lessons from these properties
about the structure of the reduced density matrix in holographic theories.


title: The entropy of Lyapunov-optimizing measures of some matrix cocycles

abstract:
  We consider one-step cocycles of $2 \times 2$ matrices, and we are interested
in their Lyapunov-optimizing measures, i.e., invariant probability measures
that maximize or minimize a Lyapunov exponent. If the cocycle is dominated,
that is, the two Lyapunov exponents are uniformly separated along all orbits,
then Lyapunov-optimizing measures always exist, and are characterized by their
support. Under an additional hypothesis of nonoverlapping between the cones
that characterize domination, we prove that the Lyapunov-optimizing measures
have zero entropy. This conclusion certainly fails without the domination
assumption, even for typical one-step $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$-cocycles;
indeed we show that in the latter case there are measures of positive entropy
with zero Lyapunov exponent.


title: Photonic tuning of quasi-particle decay in a superfluid

abstract:
  We show that the damping rate of elementary excitations of hybrid systems
close to a phase transition can undergo a remarkable resonance like enhancement
before mode softening takes place. In particular, we consider the friction of a
collective density wave in a homogeneous superfluid of weakly interacting
bosonic atoms coupled to the electromagnetic field of a single mode optical
resonator. Here the Beliaev damping can thus be controlled by an external laser
drive and be enhanced by several orders of magnitude.


title: Weighted Multiplex Networks

abstract:
  One of the most important challenges in network science is to quantify the
information encoded in complex network structures. Disentangling randomness
from organizational principles is even more demanding when networks have a
multiplex nature. Multiplex networks are multilayer systems of $N$ nodes that
can be linked in multiple interacting and co-evolving layers. In these
networks, relevant information might not be captured if the single layers were
analyzed separately. Here we demonstrate that such partial analysis of layers
fails to capture significant correlations between weights and topology of
complex multiplex networks. To this end, we study two weighted multiplex
co-authorship and citation networks involving the authors included in the
American Physical Society. We show that in these networks weights are strongly
correlated with multiplex structure, and provide empirical evidence in favor of
the advantage of studying weighted measures of multiplex networks, such as
multistrength and the inverse multiparticipation ratio. Finally, we introduce a
theoretical framework based on the entropy of multiplex ensembles to quantify
the information stored in multiplex networks that would remain undetected if
the single layers were analyzed in isolation.

categories: physics.soc-ph cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.stat-mech cs.DL cs.SI


title:
Sensor Discovery and Configuration Framework for The Internet of Things
  Paradigm

abstract:
  Internet of Things (IoT) will comprise billions of devices that can sense,
communicate, compute and potentially actuate. The data generated by the
Internet of Things are valuable and have the potential to drive innovative and
novel applications. The data streams coming from these devices will challenge
the traditional approaches to data management and contribute to the emerging
paradigm of big data. One of the most challenging tasks before collecting and
processing data from these devices (e.g. sensors) is discovering and
configuring the sensors and the associated data streams. In this paper, we
propose a tool called SmartLink that can be used to discover and configure
sensors. Specifically, SmartLink, is capable of discovering sensors deployed in
a particular location despite their heterogeneity (e.g. different communication
protocols, communication sequences, capabilities). SmartLink establishes the
direct communication between the sensor hardware and cloud-based IoT
middleware. We address the challenge of heterogeneity using a plugin
architecture. Our prototype tool is developed on the Android platform. We
evaluate the significance of our approach by discovering and configuring 52
different types of Libelium sensors.


title:
On the limiting behavior of parameter-dependent network centrality
  measures

abstract:
  We consider a broad class of walk-based, parameterized node centrality
measures for network analysis. These measures are expressed in terms of
functions of the adjacency matrix and generalize various well-known centrality
indices, including Katz and subgraph centrality. We show that the parameter can
be "tuned" to interpolate between degree and eigenvector centrality, which
appear as limiting cases. Our analysis helps explain certain correlations often
observed between the rankings obtained using different centrality measures, and
provides some guidance for the tuning of parameters. We also highlight the
roles played by the spectral gap of the adjacency matrix and by the number of
triangles in the network. Our analysis covers both undirected and directed
networks, including weighted ones. A brief discussion of PageRank is also
given.


title: Creating A Galactic Plane Atlas With Amazon Web Services

abstract:
  This paper describes by example how astronomers can use cloud-computing
resources offered by Amazon Web Services (AWS) to create new datasets at scale.
We have created from existing surveys an atlas of the Galactic Plane at 16
wavelengths from 1 {\mu}m to 24 {\mu}m with pixels co-registered at spatial
sampling of 1 arcsec. We explain how open source tools support management and
operation of a virtual cluster on AWS platforms to process data at scale, and
describe the technical issues that users will need to consider, such as
optimization of resources, resource costs, and management of virtual machine
instances.


title: Local algorithms for interactive clustering

abstract:
  We study the design of interactive clustering algorithms for data sets
satisfying natural stability assumptions. Our algorithms start with any initial
clustering and only make local changes in each step; both are desirable
features in many applications. We show that in this constrained setting one can
still design provably efficient algorithms that produce accurate clusterings.
We also show that our algorithms perform well on real-world data.


title:
Detecting faked continuous variable entanglement using one-sided
  device-independent entanglement witnesses

abstract:
  We demonstrate the principle of one-sided device-independent continuous
variable (CV) quantum information. In situations of no trust, we show by
enactment how the use of standard CV entanglement criteria can mislead Charlie
into thinking Alice and Bob share entanglement, when the data is actually
generated classically using a Local Hidden Variable theory based on the Wigner
function. We distinguish between criteria that demonstrate CV entanglement, and
criteria that demonstrate the CV Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering
paradox. We show that the latter, but not the former, are necessarily one-sided
device-independent entanglement witnesses, and can be used by Charlie to
signify genuine EPR entanglement, if he trusts only Alice. A monogamy result
for the EPR steering paradox confirms security of the shared amplitude values
in that case.


title: Bounded Rational Decision-Making in Changing Environments

abstract:
  A perfectly rational decision-maker chooses the best action with the highest
utility gain from a set of possible actions. The optimality principles that
describe such decision processes do not take into account the computational
costs of finding the optimal action. Bounded rational decision-making addresses
this problem by specifically trading off information-processing costs and
expected utility. Interestingly, a similar trade-off between energy and entropy
arises when describing changes in thermodynamic systems. This similarity has
been recently used to describe bounded rational agents. Crucially, this
framework assumes that the environment does not change while the decision-maker
is computing the optimal policy. When this requirement is not fulfilled, the
decision-maker will suffer inefficiencies in utility, that arise because the
current policy is optimal for an environment in the past. Here we borrow
concepts from non-equilibrium thermodynamics to quantify these inefficiencies
and illustrate with simulations its relationship with computational resources.


title:
Proof and extension of the resistance formula for an m x n cobweb
  network conjectured by Tan, Zhou and Yang

abstract:
  An m x n cobweb network consists of n radial lines emanating from a center
and connected by $m$ concentric n-sided polygons. A conjecture of Tan, Zhou and
Yang for the resistance from center to perimeter of the cobweb is proved by
extending the method used by the above authors to derive formulae for m = 1, 2
and 3 and general n. The resistance of an m x (s+t+1) fan network from the apex
to a point on the boundary distant s from the corner is also found.


title:
Rapid Mixing of Glauber Dynamics of Gibbs Ensembles via Aggregate Path
  Coupling and Large Deviations Methods

abstract:
  In this paper, we present a novel extension to the classical path coupling
method to statistical mechanical models which we refer to as aggregate path
coupling. In conjunction with large deviations estimates, we use this aggregate
path coupling method to prove rapid mixing of Glauber dynamics for a large
class of statistical mechanical models, including models that exhibit
discontinuous phase transitions which have traditionally been more difficult to
analyze rigorously. The parameter region for rapid mixing for the generalized
Curie-Weiss-Potts model is derived as a new application of the aggregate path
coupling method.


title:
Valley filter from magneto-tunneling between single and bi-layer
  graphene

abstract:
  We consider tunneling transport between two parallel graphene sheets where
one is a single-layer sample and the other one a bilayer. In the presence of an
in-plane magnetic field, the interplay between combined energy and momentum
conservation in a tunneling event and the distinctive chiral nature of charge
carriers in the two systems turns out to favor tunneling of electrons from one
of the two valleys in the graphene Brillouin zone. Adjusting the field strength
enables manipulation of the valley polarization of the current, which reaches
its maximum value of 100% concomitantly with a maximum of the tunneling
conductance.


title:
$K$-Theory of Boutet de Monvel algebras with classical SG-symbols on the
  half space

abstract:
  We compute the $K$-groups of the $C^{*}$-algebra of bounded operators
generated by the Boutet de Monvel operators with classical SG-symbols of order
(0,0) and type 0 on $\mathbb{R}_{+}^{n}$, as defined by Schrohe, Kapanadze and
Schulze. In order to adapt the techniques used in Melo, Nest, Schick and
Schrohe's work on the K-theory of Boutet de Monvel's algebra on compact
manifolds, we regard the symbols as functions defined on the radial
compactifications of $\mathbb{R}_{+}^{n}\times\mathbb{R}^{n}$ and
$\mathbb{R}^{n-1}\times\mathbb{R}^{n-1}$. This allows us to give useful
descriptions of the kernel and the image of the continuous extension of the
boundary principal symbol map, which defines a $C^{*}$-algebra homomorphism. We
are then able to compute the $K$-groups of the algebra using the standard
K-theory six-term cyclic exact sequence associated to that homomorphism.


title: Approximate black hole binary spacetime via asymptotic matching

abstract:
  We construct a fully analytic, general relativistic, nonspinning black hole
binary spacetime that approximately solves the vacuum Einstein equations
everywhere in space and time for black holes sufficiently well separated. The
metric is constructed by asymptotically matching perturbed Schwarzschild
metrics near each black hole to a two-body post-Newtonian metric far from them,
and a two-body post-Minkowskian metric farther still. Asymptotic matching is
done without linearizing about a particular time slice, and thus it is valid
dynamically and for all times, provided the binary is sufficiently well
separated. This approximate global metric can be used for long dynamical
evolutions of relativistic magnetohydrodynamical, circumbinary disks around
inspiraling supermassive black holes to study a variety of phenomena.


title:
Evolution of ferroelectricity in tetrathiafulvalene-p-chloranil as a
  function of pressure and temperature

abstract:
  The neutral-to-ionic phase transition in the mixed-stack charge-transfer
complex tetrathiafulvalene-p-chloranil (TTF-CA) has been studied by
pressure-dependent infrared spectroscopy up to p=11 kbar and down to low
temperatures, T = 10 K. By tracking the C=O antisymmetric stretching mode of CA
molecules, we accurately determine the ionicity of TTF-CA in the
pressure-temperature phase diagram. At any point the TTF-CA crystal bears only
a single ionicity; there is no coexistence region or an exotic high-pressure
phase. Our findings shed new light on the role of electron-phonon interaction
in the neutral-ionic transition.


title:
Deconfinement, chiral symmetry restoration and thermodynamics of
  (2+1)--flavor hot QCD matter in an external magnetic field

abstract:
  The entanglement extended Polyakov--Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model at zero
chemical potential in the presence of an external magnetic field is studied.
The effect of the entanglement parametrization is analyzed, in particular, on
the pseudocritical transition temperatures and on the thermodynamical
properties of the model. The model predicts that the coincidence or not of both
chiral and deconfinement transition temperatures, in the presence of an
external magnetic field, depends on the entanglement parametrization chosen.


title: On the moduli of degree 4 Del Pezzo surfaces

abstract:
  We study irreducibility of families of degree 4 Del Pezzo surface fibrations
over curves.


title:
An infinitely generated virtual cohomology group for noncocompact
  arithmetic groups over function fields

abstract:
  Let G be a noncocompact irreducible arithmetic group over a global function
field K of characteristic p, and let H be a finite-index, residually p-finite
subgroup of G. We show that the cohomology of H in the dimension of its
associated Euclidean building with coefficients in the field of p elements is
infinite.


title:
Tracking single particles on supported lipid membranes: multi-mobility
  diffusion and nanoscopic confinement

abstract:
  Supported lipid bilayers have been studied intensively over the past two
decades. In this work, we study the diffusion of single gold nanoparticles
(GNPs) with diameter of 20 nm attached to GM1 ganglioside or DOPE lipids at
different concentrations in supported DOPC bilayers. The indefinite
photostability of GNPs combined with the high sensitivity of interferometric
scattering microscopy (iSCAT) allows us to achieve 1.9 nm spatial precision at
1 ms temporal resolution, while maintaining long recording times. Our
trajectories visualize strong transient confinements within domains as small as
20 nm, and the statistical analysis of the data reveals multiple mobilities and
deviations from normal diffusion. We present a detailed analysis of our
findings and provide interpretations regarding the effect of the supporting
substrate and GM1 clustering. We also comment on the use of high-speed iSCAT
for investigating diffusion of lipids, proteins or viruses in lipid membranes
with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution.


title: Dynamics of the Bose-Hubbard Chain for Weak Interactions

abstract:
  We study the Boltzmann transport equation for the Bose-Hubbard chain in the
kinetic regime. The time-dependent Wigner function is matrix-valued with odd
dimension due to integer spin. For nearest neighbor hopping only, there are
infinitely many additional conservation laws and nonthermal stationary states.
Adding longer range hopping amplitudes entails exclusively thermal equilibrium
states. We provide a derivation of the Boltzmann equation based on the Hubbard
hamiltonian, including general interactions beyond on-site, and illustrate the
results by numerical simulations. In particular, convergence to thermal
equilibrium states with negative temperature is investigated.


title: Class Numbers and Algebraic Tori

abstract:
  Let $p$ be an odd prime number, $D_p$ be the dihedral group of order $2p$,
$h_p$ and $h^+_p$ be the class numbers of $\bm{Q}(\zeta_p)$ and
$\bm{Q}(\zeta_p+ \zeta_p^{-1})$ respectively. Theorem. $h_p^+=1$ if and only
if, for any field $k$ admitting a $D_p$-extension, all the algebraic $D_p$-tori
over $k$ are stably rational. A similar result for $h_p=1$ and $C_p$-tori is
valid also.


title:
Controlling a whispering gallery doublet mode avoided frequency
  crossing: Strong coupling between photon bosonic and spin degrees of freedom

abstract:
  A combination of electron spin interactions in a magnetic field allows us to
control the resonance frequencies of a high-Q Whispering Gallery (WG) cavity
mode doublet, resulting in precise measurements of an avoided crossing between
the two modes comprising the doublet. We show that the resonant photons
effectively behave as spin--$\frac{1}{2}$ particles and that the physical
origins of the doublet phenomenon arise from an energy splitting between the
states of photon spin angular momentum. The exclusive role of the photon spin
in splitting the mode frequency is emphasized, and we demonstrate that the
gyrotropic and anisotropic properties of the crystalline media supporting the
WG mode lead to strong coupling between the bosonic and spin degrees of freedom
of cavity photons. Despite the demonstrated similarities with Jaynes-Cummings
type systems, the mode doublet system exhibits a significant difference due to
its linearity. Unlike traditional experiments dealing with interactions between
fields and matter, here the crystalline medium plays a role of macroscopic
symmetry breaking, assisting in the strong coupling between these photon
degrees of freedom. Such a regime is demonstrated experimentally with a method
to effectively control the photon spin state. Our experiments demonstrate for
the first time, controllable time-reversal symmetry breaking in a high-$Q$
cavity.


title: The Power of Smartphones

abstract:
  Smartphones have been shipped with multiple wireless network interfaces in
order to meet their diverse communication and networking demands. However, as
smartphones increasingly rely on wireless network connections to realize more
functions, the demand of energy has been significantly increased, which has
become the limit for people to explore smartphones' real power. In this paper,
we first review typical smartphone computing systems, energy consumption of
smartphone, and state-of-the-art techniques of energy saving for smartphones.
Then we propose a location-assisted Wi-Fi discovery scheme, which discovers the
nearest Wi-Fi network access points (APs) by using the user's location
information. This allows the user to switch to the Wi-Fi interface in an
intelligent manner when he/she arrives at the nearest Wi-Fi network AP. Thus we
can meet the user's bandwidth needs and provide the best connectivity.
Additionally, it avoids the long periods in idle state and greatly reduces the
number of unnecessary Wi-Fi scans on the mobile device. Our experiments and
simulations demonstrate that our scheme effectively saves energy for
smartphones integrated with Wi-Fi and cellular interfaces.


title:
New class of rotating perfect fluid black holes in three dimensional
  gravity

abstract:
  We obtain a new class of rotating black holes for Einstein theory with
perfect fluid source in (2+1) dimensions. We conclude that these black hole
solutions only depend on variable angular velocity $m(r)$. Some examples of
these black holes are given explicitly. In particular, the unknown static black
hole in this special background is obtained. In addition, the general
properties including the horizon structure, energy conditions and equation of
state, mass and angular momentum are explained in detail.


title:
Robust Hypothesis Tests for Detecting Statistical Evidence of 2D and 3D
  Interactions in Single-Molecule Measurements

abstract:
  A variety of experimental techniques have improved the 2D and 3D spatial
resolution that can be extracted from \emph{in vivo} single-molecule
measurements. This enables researchers to quantitatively infer the magnitude
and directionality of forces experienced by biomolecules in their native
cellular environments. Situations where such forces are biologically relevant
range from mitosis to directed transport of protein cargo along cytoskeletal
structures. Models commonly applied to quantify single-molecule dynamics assume
that effective forces and velocity in the $x,y$ (or $x,y,z$) directions are
statistically independent, but this assumption is physically unrealistic in
many situations. We present a hypothesis testing approach capable of
determining if there is evidence of statistical dependence between positional
coordinates in experimentally measured trajectories; if the hypothesis of
independence between spatial coordinates is rejected, then a new model
accounting for 2D (3D) interactions should be considered to more faithfully
represent the underlying experimental kinetics. The technique is robust in the
sense that 2D (3D) interactions can be detected via statistical hypothesis
testing even if there is substantial inconsistency between the physical
particle's actual noise sources and the simplified model's assumed noise
structure. For example, 2D (3D) interactions can be reliably detected even if
the researcher assumes normal diffusion, but the experimental data experiences
"anomalous diffusion" and/or is subjected to a measurement noise characterized
by a distribution differing from that assumed by the fitted model. The approach
is demonstrated on control simulations and on experimental data (IFT88 directed
transport in the primary cilium).


title:
Joint Transmitter and Receiver Energy Minimization in Multiuser OFDM
  Systems

abstract:
  In this paper, we formulate and solve a weighted-sum transmitter and receiver
energy minimization (WSTREMin) problem in the downlink of an orthogonal
frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based multiuser wireless system. The
proposed approach offers the flexibility of assigning different levels of
importance to base station (BS) and mobile terminal (MT) power consumption,
corresponding to the BS being connected to the grid and the MT relying on
batteries. To obtain insights into the characteristics of the problem, we first
consider two extreme cases separately, i.e., weighted-sum receiver-side energy
minimization (WSREMin) for MTs and transmitter-side energy minimization (TEMin)
for the BS. It is shown that Dynamic TDMA (D-TDMA), where MTs are scheduled for
single-user OFDM transmissions over orthogonal time slots, is the optimal
transmission strategy for WSREMin at MTs, while OFDMA is optimal for TEMin at
the BS. As a hybrid of the two extreme cases, we further propose a new multiple
access scheme, i.e., Time-Slotted OFDMA (TS-OFDMA) scheme, in which MTs are
grouped into orthogonal time slots with OFDMA applied to users assigned within
the same slot. TS-OFDMA can be shown to include both D-TDMA and OFDMA as
special cases. Numerical results confirm that the proposed schemes enable a
flexible range of energy consumption tradeoffs between the BS and MTs.


title:
The general fine-grained uncertainty relation and the second law of
  thermodynamics

abstract:
  We investigate the fine-grained uncertainty relations for qubit system by
measurements corresponding respectively to two and three spin operators. Then
we derive the general bound for a combination of two probabilities of
projective measurements in mutually unbiased bases in $d$-dimensional Hilbert
space. All of those uncertainty inequalities can be applied to construct
different thermodynamic cycles such that the violation of those inequalities
will lead to the violation of the second law of thermodynamics. This reveals
the relationship between fine-grained uncertainty and the second law of
thermodynamics.


title:
Lower semicontinuity of global attractors for a class of evolution
  equations type neural fields in a bounded domain

abstract:
  In this work we consider the nonlocal evolution equation $$ \frac{\partial
u(w,t)}{\partial t}=-u(w,t)+ \int_{S^{1}}J(wz^{-1})f(u(z,t))dz+ h, \,\,\, h > 0
$$ which arises in models of neuronal activity, in $L^{2}(S^{1})$, where
$S^{1}$ denotes the unit sphere. We obtain stronger results on existence of
global attractors and Lypaunov functional than the already existing in the
literature. Furthermore, we prove the result, not yet known in the literature,
of lower semicontinuity of global attractors with respect to connectivity
function $J$.


title: Tunable magnetic orders in CePd$_2$As$_{2-x}$P$_x$

abstract:
  We report the successful synthesis of the polycrystalline compounds
CePd$_2$As$_{2-x}$P$_x$ ($0 \leq x \leq 2$) and their physical properties by
measuring the transport, magnetic and thermodynamic behaviors as a function of
temperature and/or magnetic field. Powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates
that CePd$_2$As$_{2-x}$P$_x$ crystallizes in the ThCr$_2$Si$_2$-type tetragonal
structure. CePd$_2$As$_2$ exhibits a moderate Sommerfeld coefficient of
$\gamma$ $\approx$ 88 mJ/mol-K$^2$, and undergoes an antiferromagnetic (AFM)
transition at the N\'{e}el temperature $T_N \approx$ 15 K. Upon substituting As
with P, the $T_N$ is nearly unchanged up to $x \simeq 0.6$, while a
ferromagnetic (FM) transition develops below $T_N$ for $x \simeq 0.4$. The
Curie temperature $T_C$ increases with increasing $x$ and eventually merges
with the AFM transition at $x \simeq 0.6$. With further increase of $x$, the
system follows typical FM behaviors and its $T_C$ monotonically increases and
reaches $T_C \approx 28$ K in CePd$_2$P$_2$. Moreover, a metamagnetic
transition is observed in the As-rich samples, but vanishes for $x \geq 0.4$.
Such a tunable magnetic ground state may provide an opportunity to explore the
possible quantum critical behavior in CePd$_2$As$_{2-x}$P$_x$.


title:
Controlling Factors of Tc-Dome Structure in 1111-Type Iron Arsenide
  Superconductors

abstract:
  We investigated the effects of phosphorus substitution on the shape of the
Tc(x) dome in 1111-type SmFeAs1-yPyO1-xHx (0 < x < 0.5). Hydride ion
substitution of oxide sites (O2- -> H-) exerts a chemical pressure effect,
i.e., a structural reduction of the Pn-Fe-Pn angle {\alpha} (Pn = P, As) and
also dopes electrons into the FePn layer to induce superconductivity. Isovalent
phosphorus substitution (P3- -> As3-) can induce only a chemical pressure
effect, i.e., an increase of {\alpha} for La-substitution of Sm-sites. As y
increases from 0.0 to 0.5, the single Tc dome gradually splits into two domes,
similar to those of LaFeAsO1-xHx with a Tc valley at x ~ 0.16. We found that
the Tc valley is located around (x, {\alpha}) ~ (0.16, 113{\deg}) for both
SmFeAs1-yPyO1-xHx and LaFeAsO1-xHx series, irrespective of changes in the Pn
anion and Ln cation species. This result suggests that suppression of Tc leads
to the emergence of a Tc valley when both the shape of FePn4 tetrahedra
represented by {\alpha} and electron doping level of x meet the above criterion
in 1111 type iron oxypnictide superconductors.


title: A Note on Weighted Fermat Problem in Lp Space

abstract:
  In this paper, we begin by introducing a well-known geometry concept: the
Fermat point in a triangle. Then, we generalize the problem and propose an
iterative algorithm based on gradient descent to the weighted form in Lp space.
We also build specific solutions to some special norms: one, two and infinity.
We show that the solution may not be unique in norm-one and infinity. Finally,
we provide our qualitative results in the PASCAL-based program.


title:
Global solutions of two dimensional incompressible viscoelastic flows
  with discontinuous initial data

abstract:
  The global existence of weak solutions of the incompressible viscoelastic
flows in two spatial dimensions has been a long standing open problem, and it
is studied in this paper. We show the global existence if the initial
deformation gradient is close to the identity matrix in $L^2\cap L^\infty$, and
the initial velocity is small in $L^2$ and bounded in $L^p$, for some $p>2$.
While the assumption on the initial deformation gradient is automatically
satisfied for the classical Oldroyd-B model, the additional assumption on the
initial velocity being bounded in $L^p$ for some $p>2$ may due to techniques we
employed. The smallness assumption on the $L^2$ norm of the initial velocity
is, however, natural for the global well-posedness . One of the key
observations in the paper is that the velocity and the \textquotedblleft
effective viscous flux\textquotedblright $\mathcal{G}$ are sufficiently regular
for positive time. The regularity of $\mathcal{G}$ leads to a new approach for
the pointwise estimate for the deformation gradient without using $L^\infty$
bounds on the velocity gradients in spatial variables.


title: On-surface radiation condition for multiple scattering of waves

abstract:
  The formulation of the on-surface radiation condition (OSRC) is extended to
handle wave scattering problems in the presence of multiple obstacles. The new
multiple-OSRC simultaneously accounts for the outgoing behavior of the wave
fields, as well as, the multiple wave reflections between the obstacles. Like
boundary integral equations (BIE), this method leads to a reduction in
dimensionality (from volume to surface) of the discretization region. However,
as opposed to BIE, the proposed technique leads to boundary integral equations
with smooth kernels. Hence, these Fredholm integral equations can be handled
accurately and robustly with standard numerical approaches without the need to
remove singularities. Moreover, under weak scattering conditions, this approach
renders a convergent iterative method which bypasses the need to solve single
scattering problems at each iteration.
  Inherited from the original OSRC, the proposed multiple-OSRC is generally a
crude approximate method. If accuracy is not satisfactory, this approach may
serve as a good initial guess or as an inexpensive pre-conditioner for Krylov
iterative solutions of BIE.


title:
A lagrangian description of elastic motion in riemannian manifolds and
  an angular invariant of axially-symmetric elasticity tensors

abstract:
  This article is a description of elasticity theory for readers with
mathematical background. The first sections are an abridgment of parts of the
book by Marsden and Hughes, including a compact identification of the equations
of motion as the Euler-Lagrange equations for the lagrangian density. The other
sections describe the basic first-order classification of materials, from the
point of view of representation theory as opposed to index calculus. It
includes a computation of the axes of symmetry, when they exist, for most of
the irreducible components of the elasticity tensor. When the two components of
the 5-dimensional type $V_5$ have axes of symmetry, some invariants appear: 2
angles in $S^{1}$ that measure the deviation of an associated decomposition
$V_5\otimes \mathbb{R}^2=V_5\oplus V_5$ from the standard one. See also the
classification appearing for example in (Chadwick, Vianello, and Cowin) and
(Bona, Bucataru, and Slawinski) by symmetry group in $SO(3)$. A somewhat more
representation-theoretic approach can be found in (Itin and Hehl), and a
complete list of polynomial invariants for generic elasticity tensors can be
found in (Boehler, Kirillov Jr, and Onat).