title:
Predicting the ancestral character changes in a tree is typically easier
  than predicting the root state

abstract:
  Predicting the ancestral sequences of a group of homologous sequences related
by a phylogenetic tree has been the subject of many studies, and numerous
methods have been proposed to this purpose. Theoretical results are available
that show that when the mutation rate become too large, reconstructing the
ancestral state at the tree root is no longer feasible. Here, we also study the
reconstruction of the ancestral changes that occurred along the tree edges. We
show that, depending on the tree and branch length distribution, reconstructing
these changes (i.e. reconstructing the ancestral state of all internal nodes in
the tree) may be easier or harder than reconstructing the ancestral root state.
However, results from information theory indicate that for the standard Yule
tree, the task of reconstructing internal node states remains feasible, even
for very high substitution rates. Moreover, computer simulations demonstrate
that for more complex trees and scenarios, this result still holds. For a large
variety of counting, parsimony-based and likelihood-based methods, the
predictive accuracy of a randomly selected internal node in the tree is indeed
much higher than the accuracy of the same method when applied to the tree root.
Moreover, parsimony- and likelihood-based methods appear to be remarkably
robust to sampling bias and model mis-specification.


title:
Wiman-Valiron theory for a class of functions meromorphic in the unit
  disc

abstract:
  Analogues of the key results of Wiman-Valiron theory are proved for a class
of functions meromorphic in the unit disc, based on an approach developed by
Bergweiler, Rippon and Stallard for the plane setting. The results give local
approximations for the function and its logarithmic derivative and, in the case
of positive order of growth, for higher order logarithmic derivatives as well.


title: Elastic models of the fast traps of carnivorous Dionaea and Aldrovanda

abstract:
  The carnivorous aquatic Waterwheel Plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.) and the
closely related terrestrial Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula SOL. EX J. ELLIS)
both feature elaborate snap-traps, which shut after reception of an external
mechanical stimulus by prey animals. Although Aldrovanda is usually considered
as a miniature aquatic Dionaea, the shutting mechanisms of the two plants are
actually quite different. The fast shutting of Aldrovanda is indeed based on a
simple swelling/shrinking mechanism, while the movement of Dionaea's traps is
accelerated by the snap-buckling of the lobes. The purpose of this Report is to
describe several key improvements to the elastic models that have recently been
introduced to elucidate these movements [Poppinga and Joyeux, Phys. Rev. E 84,
041928 (2011)]. In particular, a precise mechanism for the action of the motor
cells of Aldrovanda is proposed, the facts that the opening of the leaves of
Dionaea is an irreversible mechanism based on growth and that the strain field
is anisotropic and much smaller on the inner than on the outer surface of the
leaves during shutting are taken properly into account, and a more accurate
formula for calculating mean curvatures is used. The improvements brought to
the model are described in detail and the physical consequences of these
improvements are discussed.


title:
The binary fractions in the massive young Large Magellanic Cloud star
  clusters NGC 1805 and NGC 1818

abstract:
  Using high-resolution data sets obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, we
investigate the radial distributions of the F-type main-sequence binary
fractions in the massive young Large Magellanic Cloud star clusters NGC 1805
and NGC 1818. We apply both an isochrone-fitting approach and chi^2
minimization using Monte Carlo simulations, for different mass-ratio cut-offs,
q, and present a detailed comparison of the methods' performance. Both methods
yield the same radial binary fraction profile for the same cluster, which
therefore supports the robustness and applicability of either method to young
star clusters which are as yet unaffected by the presence of multiple stellar
populations. The binary fractions in these two clusters are characterized by
opposite trends in their radial profiles. NGC 1805 exhibits a decreasing trend
with increasing radius in the central region, followed by a slow increase to
the field's binary-fraction level, while NGC 1818 shows a monotonically
increasing trend. This may indicate dominance of a more complicated physical
mechanism in the cluster's central region than expected a priori. Time-scale
arguments imply that early dynamical mass segregation should be very efficient
and, hence, likely dominates the dynamical processes in the core of NGC 1805.
Meanwhile, in NGC 1818 the behavior in the core is probably dominated by
disruption of soft binary systems. We speculate that this may be owing to the
higher velocity dispersion in the NGC 1818 core, which creates an environment
in which the efficiency of binary disruption is high compared with that in the
NGC 1805 core.


title:
Multiplicity bounds and the subrepresentation theorem for real spherical
  spaces

abstract:
  Let G be a real semi-simple Lie group and H a closed subgroup which admits an
open orbit on the flag manifold of a minimal parabolic subgroup. Let V be a
Harish-Chandra module. A sharp finite bound is given for the dimension of the
space of H-fixed distribution vectors for V and a related subrepresentation
theorem is derived. Extended final version. To appear in Trans. Amer. Math.
Soc.


title:
A global and superlinearly convergent algorithm for nonlinear
  nondifferential convex programming problems with a generalized Armijo
  line-search

abstract:
  This paper presents a new generalized Armijo's line-search method, and
combines it with a phi-regulation defined to obtain a new algorithm solving the
very general non-linear non-smooth convex programming. For the algorithm
designed, the global convergence is proved and the algorithm has super-linear
convergent rate under very weak conditions. This paper generalized the results
of reference "Fukushima M and Qi LQ (1996) SIAM Journal of Optimization 6:
1106-20".


title: Composite Fermion Approach to Diquark and Heavy-Light Baryon Masses

abstract:
  A composite Fermion (CF) model of quasi particle has been used to describe a
diquark. Considering baryons in quark-diquark configuration,the masses of the
heavy light baryons like $\Lambda_{c}^{+}$, $\Sigma_{c}^{+}$, $\Xi_{c}^{0}$,
$\Omega_{c}^{0}$ and $\Lambda_{b}^{+}$, $\Sigma_{b}^{+}$, $\Xi_{b}^{0}$,
$\Omega_{b}^{-}$ have been computed using this CF model of the diquark. The
results are found to be in good agreement with the corresponding experimental
findings. It has been suggested that the diquark can be well described in the
framework of CF model in a gauge invariant way.


title: Emergence and violation of geometrical scaling in pp collisions

abstract:
  We argue that geometrical scaling (GS) proposed originally in the context of
Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) at HERA works also in pp collisions at the LHC
energies and in NA61/SHINE experiment. We show that in DIS GS is working up to
relatively large Bjorken $x \sim 0.1$. As a consequence negative pion
multiplicity $p_{\rm T}$ distributions at NA61/SHINE energies exhibit GS in mid
rapidity region. For $y \ne 0$ clear sign of scaling violations can be seen
when one of the colliding partons has Bjorken $x \ge 0.1$. Finally, we argue
that in the case of identified particles GS scaling is still present but the
scaling variable is a function of transverse mass rather than $p_{\rm T}$.


title: The witness of sudden change of geometric quantum correlation

abstract:
  In this paper, we give a sufficient and necessary condition (witness) for the
sudden change of geometric quantum discord by considering mathematical
definition of the discontinuity of a function. Based on the witness, we can
find out various sudden changes of quan- tum correlation by considering both
the Markovian and the non-Markovian cases. In particular, we can accurately
find out critical points of the sudden changes even though they are not quite
obvious in the graphical representation. In addition, one can also find that
sudden change of quantum correlation, like the frozen quantum correlation,
strongly depends on the choice of the quantum correlation measure.


title: Quantum correlation measure in arbitrary bipartite systems

abstract:
  A definition of quantum correlation is presented for an arbitrary bipartite
quantum state based on the skew information. This definition not only inherits
the good properties of skew information such as the contractivity and so on,
but also is effective and almost analytically calculated for any bipartite
quantum states. We also reveal the relation between our measure and quantum
metrology. As applications, we give the exact expressions of quantum
correlation for many states, which provides a direct support for our result.


title:
Control of ribosome traffic by position-dependent choice of synonymous
  codons

abstract:
  Messenger RNA encodes a sequence of amino acids by using codons. For most
amino acids there are multiple synonymous codons that can encode the amino
acid. The translation speed can vary from one codon to another, thus there is
room for changing the ribosome speed while keeping the amino acid sequence and
hence the resulting protein. Recently, it has been noticed that the choice of
the synonymous codon, via the resulting distribution of slow- and
fast-translated codons, affects not only on the average speed of one ribosome
translating the messenger RNA (mRNA) but also might have an effect on nearby
ribosomes by affecting the appearance of "traffic jams" where multiple
ribosomes collide and form queues. To test this "context effect" further, we
here investigate the effect of the sequence of synonymous codons on the
ribosome traffic by using a ribosome traffic model with codon-dependent rates,
estimated from experiments. We compare the ribosome traffic on wild type
sequences and sequences where the synonymous codons were swapped randomly. By
simulating translation of 87 genes, we demonstrate that the wild type
sequences, especially those with a high bias in codon usage, tend to have the
ability to reduce ribosome collisions, hence optimizing the cellular investment
in the translation apparatus. The magnitude of such reduction of the
translation time might have a significant impact on the cellular growth rate
and thereby have importance for the survival of the species.


title:
One-step implementation of the genuine Fredkin gate in high-$Q$ coupled
  three-cavity arrays

abstract:
  We present two efficient methods for implementing the Fredkin gate with atoms
separately trapped in an array of three high-$Q$ coupled cavities. The first
proposal is based on the resonant dynamics, which leads to a fast resonant
interaction in a certain subspace while leaving others unchanged, and the
second one utilizes a dispersive interaction such that the effective
long-distance dipole-dipole interaction between two distributed target qubits
is achieved by virtually excited process. Both schemes can achieve the standard
form of the Fredkin gate in a single step without any subsequent single-qubit
operation. The effects of decoherence on the performance of the gate are also
analyzed in virtue of master equation, and the strictly numerical simulation
reveals that the average fidelity of the quantum gate is high.


title:
Dimension elevation in Muntz spaces: A new emergence of the Muntz
  condition

abstract:
  We show that the limiting polygon generated by the dimension elevation
algorithm with respect to the \muntz space
$span(1,t^{r_1},t^{r_2},...,t^{r_m},...)$, with $0 < r_1 < r_2 < ... < r_m <
...$ and $\lim_{n\to\infty}r_n = \infty$, over an interval
$[a,b]\subset]0,\infty[$ converges to the underlying Chebyshev-B\'ezier curve
if and only if the \muntz condition $\sum_{i=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{r_i} =
\infty$ is satisfied. The surprising emergence of the \muntz condition in the
problem raises the question of a possible connection between the density
questions of nested Chebyshev spaces and the convergence of the corresponding
dimension elevation algorithms. The question of convergence with no condition
of monotonicity or positivity on the pairwise distinct real numbers $r_i$
remains an open problem.


title:
Enhancing high-temperature thermoelectric properties of PtAs2 by Rh
  doping

abstract:
  The effects of Rh doping on the thermoelectric properties of Pt1-xRhxAs2 (x =
0, 0.005, and 0.01) with pyrite structure were studied by conducting
measurements of electrical resistivity rho, Seebeck coefficient S, and thermal
conductivity kappa. The sample with x = 0.005 exhibited large S and low rho,
resulting in a maximum power factor (S^2/rho) of 65 muW/cmK^2 at 440 K. The
peculiarly shaped "corrugated flat band" predicted for PtSb2 might explain the
enhanced thermoelectric properties of doped PtAs2.


title:
Tenth-order high-temperature expansion for the susceptibility and the
  specific heat of spin-s Heisenberg models with arbitrary exchange patterns:
  Application to pyrochlore and kagome magnets

abstract:
  We present the high-temperature expansion (HTE) up to 10th order of the
specific heat C and the uniform susceptibility \chi for Heisenberg models with
arbitrary exchange patterns and arbitrary spin quantum number s. We encode the
algorithm in a C++ program which allows to get explicitly the HTE series for
concrete Heisenberg models. We apply our algorithm to pyrochlore ferromagnets
and kagome antiferromagnets using several Pad\'e approximants for the HTE
series. For the pyrochlore ferromagnet we use the HTE data for \chi to estimate
the Curie temperature T_c as a function of the spin quantum number s. We find
that T_c is smaller than that for the simple cubic lattice, although both
lattices have the same coordination number. For the kagome antiferromagnet the
influence of the spin quantum number s on the susceptibility as a function of
renormalized temperature T/s(s+1) is rather weak for temperatures down to
T/s(s+1) \sim 0.3. On the other hand, the specific heat as a function of
T/s(s+1) noticeably depends on s. The characteristic maximum in C(T) is
monotonously shifted to lower values of T/s(s+1) when increasing s.


title: Projected generalized free energies for non-equilibrium states

abstract:
  We develop a systematic procedure to approximate generalized free energy in
out of equilibrium stochastic systems. The procedure only requires knowledge of
the averages of macroscopic observables and uses quasi-equilibrium distribution
to this task. As an application we consider model systems in the regime of
diverging relaxation times. We find that geometry of the approximate
generalized free energy changes at the onset of this phenomena.


title:
$\Phi$-Entropy Inequality and Invariant Probability Measure for SDEs
  with Jump

abstract:
  By using the $\Phi$-entropy inequality derived in \cite{Wu, Ch} for Poisson
measures, the same type of inequality is established for a class of stochastic
differential equations driven by purely jump L\'evy processes. The semigroup
$\Phi$-entropy inequality for SDEs driven by Poisson point processes as well as
a sharp result on the existence of invariant probability measures are also
presented.


title:
Electrospun light-emitting nanofibers as building blocks for photonics
  and electronics

abstract:
  Nanomaterials made of active fibers have the potential to become new
functional components of light-emitting sources in the visible and near-IR
range, lasers, and electronic devices


title:
Critical role of the sample preparation in experiments using
  piezoelectric actuators inducing uniaxial or biaxial strains

abstract:
  We report on a systematic study of the stress transferred from an
electromechanical piezo-stack into GaAs wafers under a wide variety of
experimental conditions. We show that the strains in the semiconductor lattice,
which were monitored in situ by means of X-ray diffraction, are strongly
dependent on both the wafer thickness and on the selection of the glue which is
used to bond the wafer to the piezoelectric actuator. We have identified an
optimal set of parameters that reproducibly transfers the largest distortions
at room temperature. We have studied strains produced not only by the
frequently used uniaxial piezostressors but also by the biaxial ones which
replicate the routinely performed experiments using substrate-induced strains
but with the advantage of a continuously tunable lattice distortion. The time
evolution of the strain response and the sample tilting and/or bending are also
analyzed and discussed.


title: Lp theory for outer measures and two themes of Lennart Carleson united

abstract:
  We develop a theory of Lp spaces based on outer measures rather than
measures. This theory includes the classical Lp theory on measure spaces as
special case. It also covers parts of potential theory and Carleson embedding
theorems. The theory turns out to be an elegant language to describe aspects of
classical singular integral theory such as paraproduct estimates and T(1)
theorems, and it is particularly useful for generalizations of singular
integral theory in time-frequency analysis. We formulate and prove a
generalized Carleson embedding theorem and give a relatively short reduction of
basic estimates for the bilinear Hilbert transform to this new Carleson
embedding theorem.


title:
TNOs are Cool: A Survey of the Transneptunian Region XI: A Herschel-PACS
  view of 16 Centaurs

abstract:
  Centaurs are the transitional population between trans-Neptunian objects
(TNOs) and Jupiter-family comets. For this reason it is possible to access the
smaller ones, which is more difficult to do with the TNO population. The goal
of this work is to characterize a set of 16 Centaurs in terms of their size,
albedo, and thermal properties. We study the correlations, for a more extended
sample obtained from the literature, of diameter, albedo, orbital parameters,
and spectral slopes. We performed three-band photometric observations using
Herschel-PACS and used a consistent method for the data reduction and aperture
photometry of this sample to obtain monochromatic flux densities at 70, 100,
and 160 $\mu$m. Additionally, we used Spitzer-MIPS flux densities at 24 and 70
$\mu$m when available. We also included in our Centaur sample scattered disk
objects (SDOs), a dynamical family of TNOS, using results previously published
by our team, and some Centaurs observed only with the Spitzer/MIPS instrument.
We have determined new radiometric sizes and albedos of 16 Centaurs. The first
conclusion is that the albedos of Centaur objects are not correlated with their
orbital parameters. Similarly, there is no correlation between diameter and
orbital parameters. Most of the objects in our sample are dark (pv < 7%) and
most of them are small (D < 120km). However, there is no correlation between
albedo and diameter, in particular for the group of the small objects as albedo
values are homogeneously distributed between 4 to 16%. The correlation with the
color of the objects showed that red objects are all small (mean diameter 65
km), while the gray ones span a wide range of sizes (mean diameter 120 km).
Moreover, the gray objects tend to be darker, with a mean albedo of 5.6%,
compared with a mean of 8.5% (ranging from 5 to 15%) for the red objects.


title:
Random Walk on Lattices: Graph Theoretic Approach to Modeling
  Epitaxially Grown Thin Film

abstract:
  Immense interests in thin-film fabrication for industrial applications have
driven both theoretical and computational aspects of modeling its growth with
an aim to design and control film's surface morphology. Oftentimes, smooth
surface is desirable and is experimentally achievable via molecular-beam
epitaxy (MBE) growth technique with exceptionally low deposition flux. Adatoms
on the film grown with such a method tend to have large diffusion length which
can be computationally very costly when certain statistical aspects are
demanded. We present a graph theoretic approach to modeling MBE grown thin film
with long atomic mean free path. Using Markovian assumption and given a local
diffusion bias, we derive the transition probabilities for a random walker to
traverse from one lattice site to the others after a large, possibly infinite,
number of hopping steps. Only computation with linear-time complexity is
required for the surface morphology calculation without other probabilistic
measures. The formalism is applied to simulate thin film growth on a
two-dimensional flat substrate and around a screw dislocation under the
modified Wolf--Villain diffusion rule. A rectangular spiral ridge is observed
in the latter case with a smooth front feature similar to that obtained from
simulations using the well-known multiple registration technique. An algorithm
to compute the inverse of a class of sub-stochastic matrices is derived as a
corollary.


title: On the Challenge of Plasma Heating with the JET Metallic Wall

abstract:
  The major aspects linked to the use of the JET auxiliary heating systems:
NBI, ICRF and LHCD, in the new JET ITER-like wall (JET-ILW) are presented. We
show that although there were issues related to the operation of each system,
efficient and safe plasma heating was obtained with room for higher power. For
the NBI up to 25.7MW was safely injected; issues that had to be tackled were
mainly the beam shine-through and beam re-ionisation before its entrance into
the plasma. For the ICRF system, 5MW were coupled in L-mode and 4MW in H-mode;
the main areas of concern were RF-sheaths related heat loads and impurities
production. For the LH, 2.5 MW were delivered without problems; arcing and
generation of fast electron beams in front of the launcher that can lead to
high heat loads were the keys issues. For each system, an overview will be
given of: the main modifications implemented for safe use, their compatibility
with the new metallic wall, the differences in behavior compared with the
previous carbon wall, with emphasis on heat loads and impurity content in the
plasma.


title: New proofs of two $q$-analogues of Koshy's formula

abstract:
  In this paper we prove a $q$-analogue of Koshy's formula in terms of the
Narayana polynomial due to Lassalle and a $q$-analogue of Koshy's formula in
terms of $q$-hypergeometric series due to Andrews by applying the
inclusion-exclusion principle on Dyck paths and on partitions. We generalize
these two $q$-analogues of Koshy's formula for $q$-Catalan numbers to that for
$q$-Ballot numbers. This work also answers an open question by Lassalle and two
questions raised by Andrews in 2010. We conjecture that if $n$ is odd, then for
$m\ge n\ge 1$, the polynomial $(1+q^n){m\brack n-1}_q$ is unimodal. If $n$ is
even, for any even $j\ne 0$ and $m\ge n\ge 1$, the polynomial
$(1+q^n)[j]_q{m\brack n-1}_q$ is unimodal. This implies the answer to the
second problem posed by Andrews.


title:
Inverse source problem and null controllability for multidimensional
  parabolic operators of Grushin type

abstract:
  The approach to Lipschitz stability for uniformly parabolic equations
introduced by Imanuvilov and Yamamoto in 1998, based on Carleman estimates,
seems hard to apply to the case of Grushin-type operators of interest to this
paper. Indeed, such estimates are still missing for parabolic operators
degenerating in the interior of the space domain. Nevertheless, we are able to
prove Lipschitz stability results for inverse source problems for such
operators, with locally distributed measurements in arbitrary space dimension.
For this purpose, we follow a mixed strategy which combines the appraoch due to
Lebeau and Robbiano, relying on Fourier decomposition, with Carleman
inequalities for heat equations with nonsmooth coefficients (solved by the
Fourier modes). As a corollary, we obtain a direct proof of the observability
of multidimensional Grushin-type parabolic equations, with locally distributed
observations, which is equivalent to null controllability with locally
distributed controls.


title: Torus bundles and 2-forms on the universal family of Riemann surfaces

abstract:
  We revisit three results due to Morita expressing certain natural integral
cohomology classes on the universal family of Riemann surfaces C_g, coming from
the parallel symplectic form on the universal jacobian, in terms of the
Miller-Morita-Mumford classes e and e_1. Our discussion will be on the level of
the natural 2-forms representing the relevant cohomology classes, and involves
a comparison with other natural 2-forms representing e, e_1 induced by the
Arakelov metric on the relative tangent bundle of C_g over M_g. A secondary
object called a_g occurs, which was discovered and studied by Kawazumi around
2008. We present alternative proofs of Kawazumi's (unpublished) results on the
second variation of a_g on M_g. Also we review some results that were
previously obtained on the invariant a_g, with a focus on its connection with
Faltings's delta-invariant and Hain-Reed's beta-invariant.


title:
Supercurrent on a vortex core in 2H-NbSe$_2$: current driven scanning
  tunneling spectroscopy

abstract:
  We report current driven scanning tunneling spectroscopy (CDSTS) measurements
at very low temperatures on vortices in 2H-NbSe2. We find that a current
produces an increase of the density of states at the Fermi level in between
vortices, and a reduction of the zero bias peak at the vortex center. This
occurs well below the de-pairing current. We conclude that a supercurrent
affects the low energy part of the superconducting gap structure of 2H-NbSe2.


title:
A Condition for Hopf bifurcation to occur in Equations of Lotka -
  Volterra Type with Delay

abstract:
  It is known that Lotka - Volterra type differential equations with delays or
distributed delays have an important role in modeling ecological systems. In
this paper we study the effects of distributed delay on the dynamics of the
harvested one predator - two prey model. Using the expectation of the
distribution of the delay as a bifurcation parameter, we show that the
equilibrium that was asymptotic stable becomes unstable and Hopf bifurcation
can occur as the expectation crosses some critical values.


title:
Nucleosynthesis in the outflows associated with accretion disks of Type
  II collapsars

abstract:
  We investigate nucleosynthesis inside the outflows from gamma-ray burst (GRB)
accretion disks formed by the Type II collapsars. In these collapsars, massive
stars undergo core collapse to form a proto-neutron star initially and a mild
supernova explosion is driven. The supernova ejecta lack momentum and
subsequently this newly formed neutron star gets transformed to a stellar mass
black hole via massive fallback. The hydrodynamics and the nucleosynthesis in
these accretion disks has been studied extensively in the past. Several heavy
elements are synthesized in the disk and much of these heavy elements are
ejected from the disk via winds and outflows. We study nucleosynthesis in the
outflows launched from these disks by using an adiabatic, spherically expanding
outflow model, to understand which of these elements thus synthesized in the
disk survive in the outflow. While studying this we find that many new elements
like isotopes of titanium, copper, zinc etc. are present in the outflows. 56Ni
is abundantly synthesized in most of the cases in the outflow which implies
that the outflows from these disks in a majority of cases will lead to an
observable supernova explosion. It is mainly present when outflow is considered
from the He-rich, 56Ni/54Fe rich zones of the disks. However, outflow from the
Si-rich zone of the disk remains rich in silicon. Although, emission lines of
many of these heavy elements have been observed in the X-ray afterglows of
several GRBs by Chandra, BeppoSAX, XMM-Newton etc., Swift seems to have not
detected these lines yet.


title: Space-Time Topology in Teleportation-Based Quantum Computation

abstract:
  We study the construction of both universal quantum computation and
multi-partite entangled states in the topological diagrammatical approach to
quantum teleportation. Our results show that the teleportation-based quantum
circuit model admits a space-time topological interpretation which makes the
construction of both quantum gates and four-partite entangled states more
intuitive and simpler. Our results state a deeper link between the space-time
non-locality and the quantum non-locality which are the two-fold character of
the topological diagrammatical representation.


title: Note About Consistent Extension of Quasidilaton Massive Gravity

abstract:
  This note is devoted to the Hamiltonian analysis of extension of quasidilaton
massive gravity as was proposed recently in [arXiv:1306.5502]. We show that for
given formulation of the theory the additional primary constraint that is
responsible for the elimination of the Boulware-Deser ghost is missing. We
compare this situation with quasidilaton massive gravity. Finally we propose
ghost free extension of quasidilaton massive gravity.


title: Merger Driven Explosive Evolution of Distant Galaxies (Minor Mergers)

abstract:
  We derived solutions for the Smoluchowski kinetic equation for the mass
function of galaxies, which describes mergers in differential approximation,
where mergers with low-mass galaxies are the dominant factor. The evolution of
the initial distribution is analyzed as well as the influence of the source
represented by galaxies (halos) that separate from the global cosmological
expansion. It is shown that the evolution of the slope of the power-law part of
the luminosity function at a constant mass-to-luminosity ratio observed in the
Ultra Deep Hubble Field can be described as a result of explosive evolution
driven by galaxy mergers. In this case the exponent depends exclusively on the
uniformity degree of merger probability as a function of mass.


title: Conscript Your Friends into Larger Anonymity Sets with JavaScript

abstract:
  We present the design and prototype implementation of ConScript, a framework
for using JavaScript to allow casual Web users to participate in an anonymous
communication system. When a Web user visits a cooperative Web site, the site
serves a JavaScript application that instructs the browser to create and submit
"dummy" messages into the anonymity system. Users who want to send non-dummy
messages through the anonymity system use a browser plug-in to replace these
dummy messages with real messages. Creating such conscripted anonymity sets can
increase the anonymity set size available to users of remailer, e-voting, and
verifiable shuffle-style anonymity systems. We outline ConScript's
architecture, we address a number of potential attacks against ConScript, and
we discuss the ethical issues related to deploying such a system. Our
implementation results demonstrate the practicality of ConScript: a workstation
running our ConScript prototype JavaScript client generates a dummy message for
a mix-net in 81 milliseconds and it generates a dummy message for a
DoS-resistant DC-net in 156 milliseconds.


title:
Killip-Simon-classes of Jacobi matrices with essential spectrum on two
  symmetric and of SMP matrices on two arbitrary intervals

abstract:
  Jacobi matrices probably are the most classical object in spectral theory,
while CMV matrices are a comparably fresh one, although they are related to a
very classical topic, namely to orhtogonal polynomials on the unit circle (in
the same way as Jacobi matrices are related to orhogonal polynomials on the
real axis). We will discuss the third member of this family. Our matrices are
generated by the orthonormal systems of functions related to the so-called
Strong Moment Problem. For this reason we call them SMP matrices. For instance,
one can describe the spectral sets of periodic SMP matrices. Similarly to the
case of their counterparts, the description is given by means of conformal
mappings on hyperbolic, in this case, comb domains. One can represent
functional models associated with periodic and almost periodic SMP matrices. We
are especially enthusiastic about the role, which such matrices can play in the
Killip-Simon-problem related to Jacobi matrices with the essential spectrum on
two arbitrary intervals. The parametric description of SMP matrices of the
Killip-Simon-class with their essential spectrum on two arbitrary intervals is
the main result of this paper.


title: Does an irreversible chemical cycle support equilibrium?

abstract:
  The impossibility of attaining equilibrium for cyclic chemical reaction
networks with irreversible steps is apparently due to a divergent entropy
production rate. A deeper reason seems to be the violation of the detailed
balance condition. In this work, we discuss how the standard theoretical
framework can be adapted to include irreversible cycles, avoiding the
divergence. With properly redefined force terms, such systems are also seen to
reach and sustain equilibria that are characterized by the vanishing of the
entropy production rate, though detailed balance is not maintained. Equivalence
of the present formulation with Onsager's original prescription is established
for both reversible and irreversible cycles, with a few adjustments in the
latter case. Further justification of the attainment of true equilibrium is
provided with the help of the minimum entropy production principle. All the
results are generalized for an irreversible cycle comprising of N number of
species.


title: Exactly scale-free scale-free networks

abstract:
  Many complex natural and physical systems exhibit patterns of interconnection
that conform, approximately, to a network structure referred to as scale-free.
Preferential attachment is one of many algorithms that have been introduced to
model the growth and structure of scale-free networks. With so many different
models of scale-free networks it is unclear what properties of scale-free
networks are typical, and what properties are peculiarities of a particular
growth or construction process. We propose a simple maximum entropy process
which provides the best representation of what are typical properties of
scale-free networks, and provides a standard against which real and
algorithmically generated networks can be compared. As an example we consider
preferential attachment and find that this particular growth model does not
yield typical realizations of scale-free networks. In particular, the widely
discussed "fragility" of scale-free networks is actually found to be due to the
peculiar "hub-centric" structure of preferential attachment networks. We
provide a method to generate or remove this latent hub-centric bias --- thereby
demonstrating exactly which features of preferential attachment networks are
atypical of the broader class of scale-free networks. We are also able to
statistically demonstrate whether real networks are typical realizations of
scale-free networks, or networks with that particular degree distribution;
using a new surrogate generation method for complex networks, exactly analogous
the the widely used surrogate tests of nonlinear time series analysis.


title:
Random Variables Recorded under Mutually Exclusive Conditions:
  Contextuality-by-Default

abstract:
  We present general principles underlying analysis of the dependence of random
variables (outputs) on deterministic conditions (inputs). Random outputs
recorded under mutually exclusive input values are labeled by these values and
considered stochastically unrelated, possessing no joint distribution. An input
that does not directly influence an output creates a context for the latter.
Any constraint imposed on the dependence of random outputs on inputs can be
characterized by considering all possible couplings (joint distributions)
imposed on stochastically unrelated outputs. The target application of these
principles is a quantum mechanical system of entangled particles, with
directions of spin measurements chosen for each particle being inputs and the
spins recorded outputs. The sphere of applicability, however, spans systems
across physical, biological, and behavioral sciences.


title: A Picard modular fourfold and the Weyl group W(E_6)

abstract:
  We study the geometry of a Picard modular fourfold which parametrizes abelian
fourfolds of Weil type for the field of cube roots of unity. We find a
projective model of this fourfold as a singular, degree ten, hypersurface X in
projective 5-space. The Weyl group W(E_6) acts on X and we provide an explicit
description of this action. Moreover, we describe various special subvarieties
as well as the boundary of X.


title: Quantum ratchet driven by broadband perturbation

abstract:
  Motion of an atomic ensemble trapped into a deep optical lattice is
considered. We propose a novel approach to construct an atomic ratchet by
superimposing two additional lattices whose amplitudes are small and subjected
to broadband modulation. The broadband modulation is modeled by means of
harmonic noise. Directed atomic transport occurs with the properly chosen phase
shift between the signals modulating the amplitudes of the additional lattices.
It is shown that efficiency of the ratchet depends non-monotonously on the
parameter determining the spectral width of modulating signals.

categories: nlin.CD cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.quant-gas cond-mat.stat-mech quant-ph


title:
Propagation of the Gabor Wave Front Set for Schr\"odinger Equations with
  non-smooth potentials

abstract:
  We consider Scr\"odinger equations with real-valued smooth Hamiltonians, and
non-smooth bounded pseudo-differential potentials, whose symbols may be not
even differentiable. The well-posedness of the Cauchy problem is proved in the
frame of the modulation spaces, and results of micro-local propagation of
singularities are given in terms of Gabor wave front sets.


title: Cluster SIMS Microscope Mode Mass Spectrometry Imaging

abstract:
  Microscope mode imaging for secondary ion mass spectrometry is a technique
with the promise of simultaneous high spatial resolution and high speed imaging
of biomolecules from complex surfaces. Technological developments such as new
position-sensitive detectors, in combination with polyatomic primary ion
sources, are required to exploit the full potential of microscope mode mass
spectrometry imaging, i.e. to efficiently push the limits of ultra-high spatial
resolution, sample throughput and sensitivity. In this work, a C60 primary
source is combined with a commercial mass microscope for microscope mode
secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging. The detector setup is a pixelated
detector from the Medipix/Timepix family with high-voltage post-acceleration
capabilities. The mass spectral and imaging performance of the system is tested
with various benchmark samples and thin tissue sections. We show that the high
secondary ion yield (with respect to traditional monatomic primary ion sources)
of the C60 primary ion source and the increased sensitivity of the high voltage
detector setup improve microscope mode secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging.
The analysis time and the signal-to-noise ratio are improved compared to other
microscope mode imaging systems, all at high spatial resolution. We have
demonstrated the unique capabilities of a C60 ion microscope with a Timepix
detector for high spatial resolution microscope mode secondary ion mass
spectrometry imaging.


title:
Microscope Mode Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Imaging with a Timepix
  Detector

abstract:
  In-vacuum active pixel detectors enable high sensitivity, highly parallel
time- and space-resolved detection of ions from complex surfaces. For the first
time, a Timepix detector assembly was combined with a Secondary Ion Mass
Spectrometer for microscope mode SIMS imaging. Time resolved images from
various benchmark samples demonstrate the imaging capabilities of the detector
system. The main advantages of the active pixel detector are the higher
signal-to-noise ratio and parallel acquisition of arrival time and position.
Microscope mode SIMS imaging of biomolecules is demonstrated from tissue
sections with the Timepix detector.


title: Parity-based formalism for high spin matter fields

abstract:
  Using the recent parity-based construction of a covariant basis for operators
acting on the $(j,0)\oplus(0,j)$ representation of the HLG, we propose a
formalism for the description of high spin matter fields, based on the
projection over subspaces of well-defined parity. We identify two possibilities
for the projection, on-shell and off-shell projection. For all $j$ except for
$j=1/2$, we find that the projection does not completely fix the properties of
the interacting theory. This freedom is related to the fact that the covariant
form of parity can be written in terms of one of the symmetric traceless
tensors in the covariant basis and in general allows for a free magnetic dipole
term in the lagrangian. We gauge the theory and construct the charge
conjugation operator. In the case of bosons, the parity invariant subspaces are
also invariant under charge conjugation and time reversal and the formulation
of a quantum field theory can be done using only these subspaces. As a first
exhaustive example we work out the electrodynamics for $j=1$ matter bosons,
rewrite the theory in terms of an antisymmetric tensor field and compare our
results with existing formalisms in the literature. We find that there are
three essentially different formalisms: i) formalisms equivalent to the
on-shell parity projection, ii) formalisms equivalent to the off-shell parity
projection and iii) the Poincar\'e projector formalism which describes a
degenerate parity doublet. We perform a chiral decomposition of these theories
and show that chiral symmetry can be realized linearly only for the theory
based on the on-shell projection. Chiral symmetry forbids mass and anomalous
magnetic dipole terms and in general admits six self-interaction terms. We
conclude that this is the appropriate framework to attempt the incorporation of
spin 1 matter bosons in chiral theories like the standard model.


title: Pervasive liquid metal direct writing electronics with roller-ball pen

abstract:
  A roller-ball pen enabled direct writing electronics via room temperature
liquid metal ink was proposed. With the rolling to print mechanism, the
metallic inks were smoothly written on flexible polymer substrate to form
conductive tracks and electronic devices. The contact angle analyzer and
scanning electron microscope were implemented to probe the inner property of
the obtained electronics. An ever high writing resolution with line width and
thickness as 200{\mu}m and 80{\mu}m, respectively was realized. Further, with
the administration of external writing pressure, GaIn24.5 droplets embody
increasing wettability on polymer which demonstrates the pervasive adaptability
of the roller-ball pen electronics.

categories: cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.mes-hall physics.ins-det physics.pop-ph


title: Discrete random walk with geometric absorption

abstract:
  We consider a discrete random walk (RW) in n dimensions . The RW is adapted
with a geometric absorption process: at any discrete time there is a constant
probability that absorption occurs in the current state. To model the RW with
geometric absorption we use the concept of a multiple function barrier (MFB).
In a MFB there is a modification of the original RW: each transition
probability in the original RW is multiplied by {\beta} and there is an
additional probability (1-{\beta}) of absorption, where 0<{\beta}<1. We study
three cases: one-dimensional simple asymmetric RW, n-dimensional simple
symmetric RW (n>1) and a two level RW.


title: Detecting induced subgraphs

abstract:
  An \emph{s-graph} is a graph with two kinds of edges: \emph{subdivisible}
edges and \emph{real} edges. A \emph{realisation} of an s-graph $B$ is any
graph obtained by subdividing subdivisible edges of $B$ into paths of arbitrary
length (at least one). Given an s-graph $B$, we study the decision problem
$\Pi_B$ whose instance is a graph $G$ and question is "Does $G$ contain a
realisation of $B$ as an induced subgraph?". For several $B$'s, the complexity
of $\Pi_B$ is known and here we give the complexity for several more. Our
NP-completeness proofs for $\Pi_B$'s rely on the NP-completeness proof of the
following problem. Let $\cal S$ be a set of graphs and $d$ be an integer. Let
$\Gamma_{\cal S}^d$ be the problem whose instance is $(G, x, y)$ where $G$ is a
graph whose maximum degree is at most d, with no induced subgraph in $\cal S$
and $x, y \in V(G)$ are two non-adjacent vertices of degree 2. The question is
"Does $G$ contain an induced cycle passing through $x, y$?". Among several
results, we prove that $\Gamma^3_{\emptyset}$ is NP-complete. We give a simple
criterion on a connected graph $H$ to decide whether $\Gamma^{+\infty}_{\{H\}}$
is polynomial or NP-complete. The polynomial cases rely on the algorithm
three-in-a-tree, due to Chudnovsky and Seymour.


title: Numerics and Fractals

abstract:
  Local iterated function systems are an important generalisation of the
standard (global) iterated function systems (IFSs). For a particular class of
mappings, their fixed points are the graphs of local fractal functions and
these functions themselves are known to be the fixed points of an associated
Read-Bajactarevi\'c operator. This paper establishes existence and properties
of local fractal functions and discusses how they are computed. In particular,
it is shown that piecewise polynomials are a special case of local fractal
functions. Finally, we develop a method to compute the components of a local
IFS from data or (partial differential) equations.


title:
The continuous theory of dislocations for a material containing
  dislocations to one Burgers vector only

abstract:
  We review the continuous theory of dislocations from a mathematical point of
view using mathematical tools, which were only partly available when the theory
was developed several decades ago. We define a space of dislocation measures,
which includes Hausdorff measures representing the dislocation measures of
single dislocation curves. The evolution equation for dislocation measures is
defined on this space. It is derived from four basic conditions, which must be
satisfied by the model.


title: On the Congruence Subgroup Problem for integral group rings

abstract:
  Let $G$ be a finite group, $\Z G$ the integral group ring of $G$ and $\U(\Z
G)$ the group of units of $\Z G$. The Congruence Subgroup Problem for $\U(\Z
G)$ is the problem of deciding if every subgroup of finite index of $\U(\Z G)$
contains a congruence subgroup, i.e. the kernel of the natural homomorphism
$\U(\Z G) \rightarrow \U(\Z G/m\Z G)$ for some positive integer $m$. The
congruence kernel of $\U(\Z G)$ is the kernel of the natural map from the
completion of $\U(\Z G)$ with respect to the profinite topology to the
completion with respect to the topology defined by the congruence subgroups.
The Congruence Subgroup Problem has a positive solution if and only if the
congruence kernel is trivial. We obtain an approximation to the problem of
classifying the finite groups for which the congruence kernel of $\U(\Z G)$ is
finite. More precisely, we obtain a list $L$ formed by three families of finite
groups and 19 additional groups such that if the congruence kernel of $\U(\Z
G)$ is infinite then $G$ has an epimorphic image isomorphic to one of the
groups of $L$. About the converse of this statement we at least know that if
one of the 19 additional groups in $L$ is isomorphic to an epimorphic image of
$G$ then the congruence kernel of $\U(\Z G)$ is infinite. However, to decide
for the finiteness of the congruence kernel in case $G$ has an epimorphic image
isomorphic to one of the groups in the three families of $L$ one needs to know
if the congruence kernel of the group of units of an order in some specific
division algebras is finite and this seems a difficult problem.


title:
Hypercomplex structures with Hermitian-Norden metrics on
  four-dimensional Lie algebras

abstract:
  Integrable hypercomplex structures with Hermitian and Norden metrics on Lie
groups of dimension 4 are considered. The corresponding five types of invariant
hypercomplex structures with hyper-Hermitian metric, studied by M.L. Barberis,
are constructed here. The different cases regarding the signature of the basic
pseudo-Riemannian metric are considered.


title:
On variational problems related to steepest descent curves and self dual
  convex sets on the sphere

abstract:
  Let $\mathcal{C}$ be the family of compact convex subsets $S$ of the
hemisphere in $\rn$ with the property that $S$ contains its dual $S^*;$ let
$u\in S^*$, and let $ \Phi(S,u)=\frac{2}{\omega_n}\int_{S}\ < \theta, u \ >
\,\, d\sigma(\theta). $ The problem to study $ \inf \big\{\Phi(S,u),
  S \in \mathcal{C}, \, u\in S^* \big\} $ is considered. It is proved that the
minima of $ \Phi $ are sets of constant width $ \pi/2 $ with $ u $ on their
boundary. More can be said for $n=3$: the minimum set is a Reuleaux triangle on
the sphere. The previous problem is related to the one to find the maximal
length of steepest descent curves for quasi convex functions, satisfying
suitable constraints. For $ n=2 $ let us refer to \cite{Manselli-Pucci}. Here
quite different results are obtained for $ n\geq 3$.


title:
Tangent bundles with complete lift of the base metric and almost
  hypercomplex Hermitian-Norden structure

abstract:
  The tangent bundle of an almost Norden manifold and the complete lift of the
Norden metric is considered as a 4n-manifold. It is equipped with an almost
hypercomplex Hermitian-Norden structure. It is characterized geometrically. The
case when the base manifold is an h-sphere is considered.


title: The four-in-a-tree problem in triangle-free graphs

abstract:
  The three-in-a-tree algorithm of Chudnovsky and Seymour decides in time
$O(n^4)$ whether three given vertices of a graph belong to an induced tree.
Here, we study four-in-a-tree for triangle-free graphs. We give a structural
answer to the following question: what does a triangle-free graph look like if
no induced tree covers four given vertices? Our main result says that any such
graph must have the "same structure", in a sense to be defined precisely, as a
square or a cube.
  We provide an $O(nm)$-time algorithm that given a triangle-free graph $G$
together with four vertices outputs either an induced tree that contains them
or a partition of $V(G)$ certifying that no such tree exists. We prove that the
problem of deciding whether there exists a tree $T$ covering the four vertices
such that at most one vertex of $T$ has degree at least 3 is NP-complete.


title:
A structure theorem for graphs with no cycle with a unique chord and its
  consequences

abstract:
  We give a structural description of the class $\cal C$ of graphs that do not
contain a cycle with a unique chord as an induced subgraph. Our main theorem
states that any connected graph in $\cal C$ is either in some simple basic
class or has a decomposition. Basic classes are chordless cycles, cliques,
bipartite graphs with one side containing only nodes of degree two and induced
subgraphs of the famous Heawood or Petersen graph. Decompositions are node
cutsets consisting of one or two nodes and edge cutsets called 1-joins. Our
decomposition theorem actually gives a complete structure theorem for ${\cal
C}$, i.e. every graph in ${\cal C}$ can be built from basic graphs that can be
explicitly constructed, and gluing them together by prescribed composition
operations; and all graphs built this way are in ${\cal C}$.
  This has several consequences: an ${\cal O}(nm)$-time algorithm to decide
whether a graph is in $\cal C$, an ${\cal O}(n+m)$-time algorithm that finds a
maximum clique of any graph in $\cal C$ and an ${\cal O}(nm)$-time coloring
algorithm for graphs in $\cal C$. We prove that every graph in $\cal C$ is
either 3-colorable or has a coloring with $\omega$ colors where $\omega$ is the
size of a largest clique. The problem of finding a maximum stable set for a
graph in $\cal C$ is known to be NP-hard.


title:
Non-decoupling two-loop corrections to (g-2)_\mu\ from fermion/sfermion
  loops in the MSSM

abstract:
  Two-loop contributions to the muon (g-2) from fermion/sfermion loops in the
MSSM are presented, and an overview of the full MSSM prediction for (g-2) is
given with emphasis on the behaviour in scenarios which are compatible with LHC
data, including scenarios with large mass splittings. Compared to all
previously known two-loop contributions, the fermion/sfermion-loop
contributions can yield the largest numerical results. The new contributions
contain the important universal quantities \Delta\alpha\ and \Delta\rho, and
for large sfermion masses the contributions are non-decoupling and
logarithmically enhanced. We find up to 15% (30%) corrections for sfermion
masses in the 20 TeV (1000 TeV) range.


title: Extending a metric on a simplicial complex

abstract:
  We show how to extend a metric defined on the vertex set of a simplicial
complex to the whole simplicial complex, thus correcting a mistake in Mineyev's
construction of a flow space.


title: von Neumann algebra preduals satisfy the linear biholomorphic property

abstract:
  We prove that for every JBW$^*$-triple $E$ of rank $>1$, the symmetric part
of its predual reduces to zero. Consequently, the predual of every infinite
dimensional von Neumann algebra $A$ satisfies the linear biholomorphic
property, that is, the symmetric part of $A_*$ is zero. This solves a problem
posed by M. Neal and B. Russo in [Mathematica Scandinavica, to appear]


title:
Electrophysical characteristics of near-surface layers in p-Si crystals
  with sputtered Al films and subjected to elastic deformation

abstract:
  The deposition of Al film onto the (111) surface of a p-Si crystal was shown
to induce a deformation in the near-surface layer of the latter. Provided that
the crystal strain is elastic and uniaxial, the gettering of defects in the
near-surface layer is observed, which is confirmed by a change in the
dependence of the specimen resistance on the elastic strain magnitude. The
maximum depth of the defect capture has been calculated on the basis of the
energy of interaction between the deformed layer and dislocations.


title: Limits for entanglement distribution with separable states

abstract:
  Entanglement distribution with separable states has recently attracted
considerable attention. Recent results suggest that quantum discord - a measure
for quantum correlations beyond entanglement - is responsible for this
counterintuitive phenomenon. In this work we study this question from a
different perspective, and find minimal requirements for a separable state to
be useful for entanglement distribution. Surprisingly, we find that the
presence of quantum discord is not sufficient to ensure entanglement
distribution: there exist states with nonzero quantum discord which
nevertheless cannot be used for entanglement distribution. As a result, we show
that entanglement distribution is not possible with rank two separable states.
Our work sheds new light on the task of entanglement distribution with
separable states, and reveals a new classification of quantum states with
respect to their usefulness for this task.


title: Efficient binary tomographic reconstruction

abstract:
  Tomographic reconstruction of a binary image from few projections is
considered. A novel {\em heuristic} algorithm is proposed, the central element
of which is a nonlinear transformation $\psi(p)=\log(p/(1-p))$ of the
probability $p$ that a pixel of the sought image be 1-valued. It consists of
backprojections based on $\psi(p)$ and iterative corrections. Application of
this algorithm to a series of artificial test cases leads to exact binary
reconstructions, (i.e recovery of the binary image for each single pixel) from
the knowledge of projection data over a few directions. Images up to $10^6$
pixels are reconstructed in a few seconds. A series of test cases is performed
for comparison with previous methods, showing a better efficiency and reduced
computation times.


title:
Ornstein-Uhlenbeck pinball: I. Poincar\'e inequalities in a punctured
  domain

abstract:
  In this paper we study the Poincar\'e constant for the Gaussian measure
restricted to $D=\R^d - B(y,r)$ where $B(y,r)$ denotes the Euclidean ball with
center $y$ and radius $r$, and $d\geq 2$. We also study the case of the
$l^\infty$ ball (the hypercube). This is the first step in the study of the
asymptotic behavior of a $d$-dimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process in the
presence of obstacles with elastic normal reflections (the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck
pinball) we shall study in a companion paper.


title:
One-dimensional Gagliardo-Nirenberg-Sobolev inequalities: Remarks on
  duality and flows

abstract:
  This paper is devoted to one-dimensional interpolation
Gagliardo-Nirenberg-Sobolev inequalities. We study how various notions of
duality, transport and monotonicity of functionals along flows defined by some
nonlinear diffusion equations apply. We start by reducing the inequality to a
much simpler dual variational problem using mass transportation theory. Our
second main result is devoted to the construction of a Lyapunov functional
associated with a nonlinear diffusion equation, that provides an alternative
proof of the inequality. The key observation is that the inequality on the line
is equivalent to Sobolev's inequality on the sphere, at least when the
dimension is an integer, or to the critical interpolation inequality for the
ultraspherical operator in the general case. The time derivative of the
functional along the flow is itself very interesting. It explains the machinery
of some rigidity estimates for nonlinear elliptic equations and shows how
eigenvalues of a linearized problem enter in the computations. Notions of
gradient flows are then discussed for various notions of distances. Throughout
this paper we shall deal with two classes of inequalities corresponding either
to p>2 or to p<2. The algebraic part in the computations is very similar in
both cases, although the case p<2 is definitely less standard.


title: Top-Down Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Intact Proteins by LAESI FT-ICR MS

abstract:
  Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization is a recent development in mass
spectrometry imaging. It has been shown that lipids and small metabolites can
be imaged in various samples such as plant material, tissue sections or
bacterial colonies without anysample pre-treatment. Further, laser ablation
electrospray ionization has been shown to produce multiply charged protein ions
from liquids or solid surfaces. This presents a means to address one of the
biggest challenges in mass spectrometry imaging; the identification of proteins
directly from biological tissue surfaces. Such identification is hindered by
the lack of multiply charged proteins in common MALDI ion sources and the
difficulty of performing tandem MS on such large, singly charged ions. We
present here top-down identification of intact proteins from tissue with a
LAESI ion source combined with a hybrid ion-trap FT-ICR mass spectrometer. The
performance of the system was first tested with a standard protein with ECD and
IRMPD fragmentation to prove the viability of LAESI FT-ICR for top-down
proteomics. Finally, the imaging of a tissue section was performed, where a
number of intact proteins were measured and the hemoglobin {\alpha} chain was
identified directly from tissue using collision-induced dissociation and
infrared multiphoton dissociation fragmentation.


title: On schurity of finite abelian groups

abstract:
  A finite group $G$ is called a Schur group, if any Schur ring over $G$ is
associated in a natural way with a subgroup of $Sym(G)$ that contains all right
translations. Recently, the authors have completely identified the cyclic Schur
groups. In this paper it is shown that any abelian Schur group belongs to one
of several explicitly given families only. In particular, any non-cyclic
abelian Schur group of odd order is isomorphic to $Z_3\times Z_{3^k}$ or
$Z_3\times Z_3\times Z_p$ where $k\ge 1$ and $p$ is a prime. In addition, we
prove that $Z_2\times Z_2\times Z_p$ is a Schur group for every prime $p$.


title:
Microwave and millimeterwave electrical permittivity of graphene
  monolayer

abstract:
  The effective electrical permittivity of a graphene monolayer is
experimentally investigated in the 5-40 GHz range, which encompasses the
microwave and the lower part of millimeterwave spectrum. The measurements were
carried out using a coupled coplanar waveguide placed over a graphene monolayer
flake, which is deposited on Si/SiO2. In contrast to some initial predictions,
the effective permittivity of the graphene monolayer is slightly decreasing in
the above-mentioned frequency range and has an average value of 3.3.


title:
Comment on "Is Dark Matter with Long-Range Interactions a Solution to
  All Small-Scale Problems of \Lambda CDM Cosmology?"

abstract:
  In Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (2012) 231301, van den Aarssen et al. attempt to
solve all the small-scale structure problems in the cold-dark-matter scenario
by introducing interaction between the dark-matter particle and an MeV-mass
vector boson. In addition, the latter is coupled to ordinary neutrinos, and the
neutrino-vector boson coupling constant 10^{-5} < g_nu < 0.1 is required for
that purpose. We show that this dark-matter scenario is subject to restrictive
constraints from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.


title:
Comment to the note "Counting of discrete Rossby/drift wave resonant
  triads", arXiv:1309.0405

abstract:
  The main purpose of this note is clarify the following misunderstanding
apparent in the note arXiv:1309.0405 by M. Bustamante, U. Hayat, P. Lynch, B.
Quinn; [1]: the authors erroneously assume that in the manuscript
arXiv:1307.8272 by A. Kartashov and E. Kartashova, [2], resonant triads with
real amplitudes are counted whereas it can be seen explicitly from the form of
dynamical system that wave amplitudes are complex.


title: Quantum effective force and Bohmian approach for time-dependent traps

abstract:
  Trajectories of a Bohmian particle confined in time-dependent cylindrical and
spherical traps are computed for both contracting and expanding boxes. Quantum
effective force is considered in arbitrary directions. It is seen that in
contrast to the problem of a particle in an infinite rectangular box with one
wall in motion, if particle initially is in an energy eigenstate of a tiny box
the force is zero in all directions. Trajectories of a two-body system confined
in the spherical trap are also computed for different statistics. Computations
show that there are situations for which distance between bosons is greater
than the fermions. However, results of average separation of the particles
confirm our expectation about the statistics.


title: Counting isotropic tangent lines of hypersurfaces

abstract:
  Consider the standard symplectic $(\RR^{2n}, \omega_0)$, a point
$p\in\RR^{2n}$ and an immersed closed orientable hypersurface
$\Sigma\subset\RR^{2n}\minus\{p\}$, all in general position. We study the
following passage/tangency question: how many lines in $\RR^{2n}$ pass through
$p$ and tangent to $\Sigma$ parallel to the 1-dimensional characteristic
distribution $\ker\left(\omega_0\big|_{T\Sigma}\right)\subset T\Sigma$ of
$\omega_0$. We count each such line with a certain sign, and present an
explicit formula for their algebraic number. This number is invariant under
regular homotopies in the class of a general position of the pair $(p,
\Sigma)$, but jumps (in a well-controlled way) when during a homotopy we pass a
certain singular discriminant. It provides a low bound to the actual number of
these isotropic lines.


title:
A Favard type theorem for orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle from
  a three term recurrence formula

abstract:
  The objective of this manuscript is to study directly the Favard type theorem
associated with the three term recurrence formula % \[ R_{n+1}(z) =
\big[(1+ic_{n+1})z+(1-ic_{n+1})\big] R_{n}(z) - 4 d_{n+1} z R_{n-1}(z), \quad n
\geq 1, \] % with $R_{0}(z) =1$ and $R_{1}(z) = (1+ic_{1})z+(1-ic_{1})$, where
$\{c_n\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ is a real sequence and $\{d_n\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ is a
positive chain sequence. We establish that there exists an unique nontrivial
probability measure $\mu$ on the unit circle for which $\{R_n(z) -
2(1-m_n)R_{n-1}(z)\}$ gives the sequence of orthogonal polynomials. Here,
$\{m_n\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ is the minimal parameter sequence of the positive
chain sequence $\{d_n\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$. The element $d_1$ of the chain
sequence, which does not effect the polynomials $R_n$, has an influence in the
derived probability measure $\mu$ and hence, in the associated orthogonal
polynomials on the unit circle. To be precise, if $\{M_n\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ is
the maximal parameter sequence of the chain sequence, then the measure $\mu$ is
such that $M_0$ is the size of its mass at $z=1$. An example is also provided
to completely illustrates the results obtained.


title: Reduction of Couplings in the MSSM

abstract:
  In this paper, we first demonstrate the existence of renormalization group
invariant relations among the top, bottom Yukawa and the gauge colour couplings
in the minimal supersymmetric SM. Based on this observation and assuming
furthermore the existence of a renormalization group invariant relation among
the trilinear couplings in the superpotential and the soft supersymmetry
breaking sector, we obtain predictions for the Higgs masses and the
supersymmetric spectrum.


title:
Sensor fusion for bimodal generalized likelihood ratio test with unknown
  noise variances

abstract:
  In this paper we address the problem of sensor fusion. We formulate the joint
detection problem using a general linear observation model and inter-modality
independence assumption for noises. We derive the fusion architecture based on
the generalized likelihood ratio principle and calculate the expressions for
the distributions of the test statistic under the signal present and the null
hypotheses. To obtain these results we develop a methodology for the joint
detection algorithm analysis based on the theory of the Meijer G-function.


title:
The Bridgeland's Ringel-Hall algebra associated to an algebra with
  global dimension at most two

abstract:
  For any finitely dimensional associative algebra with global dimension $\leq
2$, we show that there is an embedding from the twisted Ringel-Hall algebra to
the Brigeland's Ringel-Hall algebra. In particular, this result is true for
tilted algebras and canonical algebras.


title: Minutiae Based Thermal Face Recognition using Blood Perfusion Data

abstract:
  This paper describes an efficient approach for human face recognition based
on blood perfusion data from infra-red face images. Blood perfusion data are
characterized by the regional blood flow in human tissue and therefore do not
depend entirely on surrounding temperature. These data bear a great potential
for deriving discriminating facial thermogram for better classification and
recognition of face images in comparison to optical image data. Blood perfusion
data are related to distribution of blood vessels under the face skin. A
distribution of blood vessels are unique for each person and as a set of
extracted minutiae points from a blood perfusion data of a human face should be
unique for that face. There may be several such minutiae point sets for a
single face but all of these correspond to that particular face only. Entire
face image is partitioned into equal blocks and the total number of minutiae
points from each block is computed to construct final vector. Therefore, the
size of the feature vectors is found to be same as total number of blocks
considered. For classification, a five layer feed-forward backpropagation
neural network has been used. A number of experiments were conducted to
evaluate the performance of the proposed face recognition system with varying
block sizes. Experiments have been performed on the database created at our own
laboratory. The maximum success of 91.47% recognition has been achieved with
block size 8X8.


title: Automated Thermal Face recognition based on Minutiae Extraction

abstract:
  In this paper an efficient approach for human face recognition based on the
use of minutiae points in thermal face image is proposed. The thermogram of
human face is captured by thermal infra-red camera. Image processing methods
are used to pre-process the captured thermogram, from which different
physiological features based on blood perfusion data are extracted. Blood
perfusion data are related to distribution of blood vessels under the face
skin. In the present work, three different methods have been used to get the
blood perfusion image, namely bit-plane slicing and medial axis transform,
morphological erosion and medial axis transform, sobel edge operators.
Distribution of blood vessels is unique for each person and a set of extracted
minutiae points from a blood perfusion data of a human face should be unique
for that face. Two different methods are discussed for extracting minutiae
points from blood perfusion data. For extraction of features entire face image
is partitioned into equal size blocks and the total number of minutiae points
from each block is computed to construct final feature vector. Therefore, the
size of the feature vectors is found to be same as total number of blocks
considered. A five layer feed-forward back propagation neural network is used
as the classification tool. A number of experiments were conducted to evaluate
the performance of the proposed face recognition methodologies with varying
block size on the database created at our own laboratory. It has been found
that the first method supercedes the other two producing an accuracy of 97.62%
with block size 16X16 for bit-plane 4.


title:
Symplectic and contact properties of the Ma\~n\'e critical value of the
  universal cover

abstract:
  We discuss several symplectic aspects related to the Ma\~n\'e critical value
c_u of the universal cover of a Tonelli Hamiltonian. In particular we show that
the critical energy level is never of virtual contact type for manifolds of
dimension greater than or equal to three. We also show the symplectic
invariance of the finiteness of the Peierls barrier and the Aubry set of the
universal cover. We also provide an example where c_u coincides with the
infimum of Mather's \alpha -function but the Aubry set of the universal cover
is empty and the Peierls barrier is finite. A second example exhibits all the
ergodic invariant minimizing measures with zero homotopy, showing that, quite
surprisingly, the union of their supports is not a graph, in contrast with
Mather's celebrated graph theorem.


title:
Time-resolved observation of fast domain-walls driven by vertical spin
  currents in short tracks

abstract:
  We present time-resolved measurements of the displacement of magnetic
domain-walls (DWs) driven by vertical spin-polarized currents in track-shaped
magnetic tunnel junctions. In these structures we observe very high DW
velocities (600 m/s) at current densities below $10^7 A/cm^2$. We show that the
efficient spin-transfer torque combined with a short propagation distance
allows to avoid the Walker breakdown process, and achieve deterministic,
reversible and fast ($\approx$ 1 ns) DW-mediated switching of magnetic tunnel
junction elements, which is of great interest to the implementation of fast
DW-based spintronic devices.


title: Testing MOND gravity in the shell galaxy NGC 3923

abstract:
  Context. The elliptical galaxy NGC 3923 is surrounded by numerous stellar
shells that are concentric arcs centered on the galactic core. They are very
likely a result of a minor merger and they consist of stars in nearly radial
orbits. For a given potential, the shell radii at a given time after the merger
can be calculated and compared to observations. The Modified Newtonian Dynamics
(MOND) is a theory that aims to solve the missing mass problem by modifying the
laws of classical dynamics in the limit of small accelerations. Hernquist &
Quinn(1987) claimed that the shell distribution of NGC 3923 contradicted MOND,
but Milgrom(1988) found several substantial insufficiencies in their work.
  Aims. We test whether the observed shell distribution in NGC 3923 is
consistent with MOND using the current observational knowledge of the shell
number and positions and of the host galaxy surface brightness profile, which
supersede the data available in the 1980s when the last (and negative) tests of
MOND viability were performed on NGC 3923.
  Methods. Using the 3.6 um bandpass image of NGC 3923 from the Spitzer space
telescope we construct the mass profile of the galaxy. The evolution of shell
radii in MOND is then computed using analytical formulae. We use 27 currently
observed shells and allow for their multi-generation formation, unlike the
Hernquist & Quinn one-generation model that used the 18 shells known at the
time.
  Results. Our model reproduces the observed shell radii with a maximum
deviation of 5% for 25 out of 27 known shells while keeping a reasonable
formation scenario. A multi-generation nature of the shell system, resulting
from successive passages of the surviving core of the tidally disrupted dwarf
galaxy, is one of key ingredients of our scenario supported by the extreme
shell radial range. The 25 reproduced shells are interpreted as belonging to
three generations.


title: Massive N=2 Gauge Theories at Large N

abstract:
  Using exact results obtained from localization on S^4, we explore the large N
limit of N=2 super-Yang-Mills theories with massive matter multiplets. We focus
on three cases: N=2* theory, describing a massive hypermultiplet in the adjoint
representation, SU(N) super-Yang-Mills with 2N massive hypermultiplets in the
fundamental, and super-QCD with massive quarks. When the radius of the
four-sphere is sent to infinity the theories at hand are described by solvable
matrix models, which exhibit a number of interesting phenomena including
quantum phase transitions at finite 't Hooft coupling.


title: Evolution of Neutron-Initiated Micro-Big-Bang in superfluid He 3B

abstract:
  A nuclear capture reaction of a single neutron by ultra-cold superfluid
$^3$He results in a rapid overheating followed by the expansion and subsequent
cooling of the hot subregion, in a certain analogy with the Big Bang of the
early Universe. It was shown in a Grenoble experiment that a significant part
of the energy released during the nuclear reaction was not converted into heat
even after several seconds. It was thought that the missing energy was stored
in a tangle of quantized vortex lines. This explanation, however, contradicts
the expected lifetime of a bulk vortex tangle, $10^{-5}-10^{-4}\,$s, which is
much shorter than the observed time delay of seconds. In this Letter we propose
a scenario that resolves the contradiction: the vortex tangle, created by the
hot spot, emits isolated vortex loops that take with them a significant part of
the tangle's energy. These loops quickly reach the container walls. The dilute
ensemble of vortex loops attached to the walls can survive for a long time,
while the remaining bulk vortex tangle decays quickly.


title: Novel Giant Magnetoresistance Model using Multiple Barrier Potential

abstract:
  This paper proposes a new model for Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) and
calculates its typical graph qualitatively. The model foundation is the
microscopic mechanism in GMR, where the GMR effect can be explained by
intrinsic and extrinsic potential. The potentials are spin-dependent. The
potentials determine the transmission probability then it will give conductance
value. Here, the multiple barrier potential model is proposed as the new GMR
model. The transmission probability is determined using transfer matrix method.
It was found that this model is fit qualitatively with the typical GMR graph.


title: Concentration in unbounded metric spaces and algorithmic stability

abstract:
  We prove an extension of McDiarmid's inequality for metric spaces with
unbounded diameter. To this end, we introduce the notion of the {\em
subgaussian diameter}, which is a distribution-dependent refinement of the
metric diameter. Our technique provides an alternative approach to that of
Kutin and Niyogi's method of weakly difference-bounded functions, and yields
nontrivial, dimension-free results in some interesting cases where the former
does not. As an application, we give apparently the first generalization bound
in the algorithmic stability setting that holds for unbounded loss functions.
We furthermore extend our concentration inequality to strongly mixing
processes.


title: Computing Mather's \beta-function for Birkhoff billiards

abstract:
  This article is concerned with the study of Mather's \beta-function
associated to Birkhoff billiards. This function corresponds to the minimal
average action of orbits with a prescribed rotation number and, from a
different perspective, it can be related to the maximal perimeter of periodic
orbits with a given rotation number, the so-called Marked length spectrum.
After having recalled its main properties and its relevance to the study of the
billiard dynamics, we stress its connections to some intriguing open questions:
Birkhoff conjecture and the isospectral rigidity of convex billiards. Both
these problems, in fact, can be conveniently translated into questions on this
function. This motivates our investigation aiming at understanding its main
features and properties. In particular, we provide an explicit representation
of the coefficients of its (formal) Taylor expansion at zero, only in terms of
the curvature of the boundary. In the case of integrable billiards, this result
provides a representation formula for the \beta-function near 0. Moreover, we
apply and check these results in the case of circular and elliptic billiards.


title:
A Comparative Study of Human thermal face recognition based on Haar
  wavelet transform (HWT) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP)

abstract:
  Thermal infra-red (IR) images focus on changes of temperature distribution on
facial muscles and blood vessels. These temperature changes can be regarded as
texture features of images. A comparative study of face recognition methods
working in thermal spectrum is carried out in this paper. In these study two
local-matching methods based on Haar wavelet transform and Local Binary Pattern
(LBP) are analyzed. Wavelet transform is a good tool to analyze multi-scale,
multi-direction changes of texture. Local binary patterns (LBP) are a type of
feature used for classification in computer vision. Firstly, human thermal IR
face image is preprocessed and cropped the face region only from the entire
image. Secondly, two different approaches are used to extract the features from
the cropped face region. In the first approach, the training images and the
test images are processed with Haar wavelet transform and the LL band and the
average of LH/HL/HH bands sub-images are created for each face image. Then a
total confidence matrix is formed for each face image by taking a weighted sum
of the corresponding pixel values of the LL band and average band. For LBP
feature extraction, each of the face images in training and test datasets is
divided into 161 numbers of sub images, each of size 8X8 pixels. For each such
sub images, LBP features are extracted which are concatenated in row wise
manner. PCA is performed separately on the individual feature set for
dimensionality reeducation. Finally two different classifiers are used to
classify face images. One such classifier multi-layer feed forward neural
network and another classifier is minimum distance classifier. The Experiments
have been performed on the database created at our own laboratory and Terravic
Facial IR Database.


title: Intracellular facilitated diffusion: searchers, crowders and blockers

abstract:
  In bacteria, regulatory proteins search for a specific DNA binding target via
"facilitated diffusion": a series of rounds of 3D diffusion in the cytoplasm,
and 1D linear diffusion along the DNA contour. Using large scale Brownian
dynamics simulations we find that each of these steps is affected differently
by crowding proteins, which can either be bound to the DNA acting as a road
block to the 1D diffusion, or freely diffusing in the cytoplasm. Macromolecular
crowding can strongly affect mechanistic features such as the balance between
3D and 1D diffusion, but leads to surprising robustness of the total search
time.


title:
Extended Grimus-Stockinger theorem and inverse square law violation in
  quantum field theory

abstract:
  We study higher-order corrections to the Grimus-Stockinger theorem dealing
with the large-distance asymptotic behavior of the wave-packet modified
neutrino propagator within the framework of field-theoretical description of
the neutrino oscillation phenomenon. We discuss the possibility that these
corrections are responsible for breakdown of the classical inverse-square law
(ISL) at the macroscopic distances. In particular the ISL violation can be an
explanation of the well-known reactor antineutrino anomaly.


title:
Variability of M giant stars based on Kepler photometry: general
  characteristics

abstract:
  M giants are among the longest-period pulsating stars which is why their
studies were traditionally restricted to analyses of low-precision visual
observations, and more recently, accurate ground-based data. Here we present an
overview of M giant variability on a wide range of time-scales (hours to
years), based on analysis of thirteen quarters of Kepler long-cadence
observations (one point per every 29.4 minutes), with a total time-span of over
1000 days. About two-thirds of the sample stars have been selected from the
ASAS-North survey of the Kepler field, with the rest supplemented from a
randomly chosen M giant control sample.
  We first describe the correction of the light curves from different quarters,
which was found to be essential. We use Fourier analysis to calculate multiple
frequencies for all stars in the sample. Over 50 stars show a relatively strong
signal with a period equal to the Kepler-year and a characteristic phase
dependence across the whole field-of-view. We interpret this as a so far
unidentified systematic effect in the Kepler data. We discuss the presence of
regular patterns in the distribution of multiple periodicities and amplitudes.
In the period-amplitude plane we find that it is possible to distinguish
between solar-like oscillations and larger amplitude pulsations which are
characteristic for Mira/SR stars. This may indicate the region of the
transition between two types of oscillations as we move upward along the giant
branch.


title: Affine Maps Between CAT(0) Spaces

abstract:
  We study affine maps between CAT(0) spaces with geometric actions, and show
that they essentially split as products of dilations and linear maps (on the
Euclidean factor). This extends known results from the Riemannian case.
Furthermore, we prove a splitting lemma for the Tits boundary of a CAT(0) space
with geometric action, a variant of a splitting lemma for geodesically complete
CAT(1) spaces by Lytchak.


title: Advances in the Logical Representation of Lexical Semantics

abstract:
  The integration of lexical semantics and pragmatics in the analysis of the
meaning of natural lan- guage has prompted changes to the global framework
derived from Montague. In those works, the original lexicon, in which words
were assigned an atomic type of a single-sorted logic, has been re- placed by a
set of many-facetted lexical items that can compose their meaning with salient
contextual properties using a rich typing system as a guide. Having related our
proposal for such an expanded framework \LambdaTYn, we present some recent
advances in the logical formalisms associated, including constraints on lexical
transformations and polymorphic quantifiers, and ongoing discussions and
research on the granularity of the type system and the limits of transitivity.


title:
Statistical analysis of the prompt and afterglow emission of the three
  groups of gamma-ray bursts

abstract:
  We investigated the main prompt and afterglow emission parameters of
gamma-ray bursts detected by the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) and X-Ray
Telescope installed on the Swift satellite. Our aim was to look for differences
or connections between the different types of gamma-ray bursts, so we compared
the BAT fluences, 1-sec peak photon fluxes, photon indices, XRT early fluxes,
initial temporal decay and spectral indices. We found that there might be a
connection between the XRT initial decay index and XRT early flux/BAT photon
index. Using statistical tools we also determined that beside the duration and
hardness ratios, the means of the \gamma- and X-ray--fluences and the
\gamma-ray photon index differ significantly between the three types of bursts.


title: Optical conductivity of hydrogenated graphene from first principles

abstract:
  We investigate the effect of hydrogen coverage on the optical conductivity of
single-side hydrogenated graphene from first principles calculations. To
account for different degrees of uniform hydrogen coverage we calculate the
complex optical conductivity for graphene supercells of various sizes, each
containing a single additional hydrogen atom. We use the linearized augmented
plane wave (LAPW) method, as implemented in the WIEN2k density functional
theory code, to show that the hydrogen coverage strongly influences the complex
optical conductivity and thus the optical properties, such as absorption, of
hydrogenated graphene. We find that the optical conductivity of graphene in the
infrared, visible, and ultraviolet range has different characteristic features
depending on the degree of hydrogen coverage. This opens up new possibilities
to tailor the optical properties of graphene by reversible hydrogenation, and
to determine the hydrogen coverage of hydrogenated graphene samples in the
experiment by contact-free optical absorption measurements.


title:
Evidence for Long-Range Spin Order Instead of a Peierls Transition in
  Si(553)-Au Chains

abstract:
  Stabilization of the Si(553) surface by Au adsorption results in two
different atomically defined chain types, one of Au atoms and one of Si. At low
temperature these chains develop two- and threefold periodicity, respectively,
previously attributed to Peierls instabilities. Here we report evidence from
scanning tunneling microscopy that rules out this interpretation. The x3
superstructure of the Si chains vanishes for low tunneling bias, i.e., close
the Fermi level. In addition, the Au chains remain metallic despite their
period doubling. Both observations are inconsistent with a Peierls mechanism.
On the contrary, our results are in excellent, detailed agreement with the
Si(553)-Au ground state predicted by density-functional theory, where the x2
periodicity of the Au chain is an inherent structural feature and every third
Si atom is spin-polarized.


title:
Fragmentation, infall, and outflow around the showcase massive protostar
  NGC7538 IRS1 at 500 AU resolution

abstract:
  Aims: Revealing the fragmentation, infall, and outflow processes in the
immediate environment around massive young stellar objects is crucial for
understanding the formation of the most massive stars. Methods: With this goal
in mind we present the so far highest spatial-resolution thermal submm line and
continuum observations toward the young high-mass protostar NGC7538 IRS1. Using
the Plateau de Bure Interferometer in its most extended configuration at 843mum
wavelength, we achieved a spatial resolution of 0.2"x0.17", corresponding to
~500AU at a distance of 2.7\,kpc. Results: For the first time, we have observed
the fragmentation of the dense inner core of this region with at least three
subsources within the inner 3000 AU. The outflow exhibits blue- and red-shifted
emission on both sides of the central source indicating that the current
orientation has to be close to the line-of-sight, which differs from other
recent models. We observe rotational signatures in northeast-southwest
direction; however, even on scales of 500 AU, we do not identify any Keplerian
rotation signatures. This implies that during the early evolutionary stages any
stable Keplerian inner disk has to be very small (<=500 AU). The high-energy
line HCN(4-3)v2=1 (E_u/k=1050K) is detected over an extent of approximately
3000 AU. In addition to this, the detection of red-shifted absorption from this
line toward the central dust continuum peak position allows us to estimate
infall rates of ~1.8x10^(-3)Msun/yr on the smallest spatial scales. Although
all that gas will not necessarily be accreted onto the central protostar,
nevertheless, such inner core infall rates are among the best proxies of the
actual accretion rates one can derive during the early embedded star formation
phase. These data are consistent with collapse simulations and the observed
high multiplicity of massive stars.


title:
A variational approach to the study of the existence of invariant
  Lagrangian graphs

abstract:
  This paper surveys some results by the author and collaborators on the
existence of invariant Lagrangian graphs for Tonelli Hamiltonian systems. The
presentation is based on an invited talk by the author at XIX Congresso Unione
Matematica Italiana (Bologna, 12-17 Sept. 2011).


title: On the Erd\"os-Lov\'asz Tihany Conjecture for Claw-Free Graphs

abstract:
  In 1968, Erd\"os and Lov\'asz conjectured that for every graph $G$ and all
integers $s,t\geq 2$ such that $s+t-1=\chi(G) > \omega(G)$, there exists a
partition $(S,T)$ of the vertex set of $G$ such that $\chi(G|S)\geq s$ and
$\chi(G|T)\geq t$. For general graphs, the only settled cases of the conjecture
are when $s$ and $t$ are small. Recently, the conjecture was proved for a few
special classes of graphs: graphs with stability number 2 \cite{quasi-line},
line graphs \cite{line} and quasi-line graphs \cite{quasi-line}. In this paper,
we consider the conjecture for claw-free graphs and present some progress on
it.


title: AntiBRST symmetry and Background Field Method

abstract:
  We show that the requirement that a SU(N) Yang-Mills action (gauge fixed in a
linear covariant gauge) is invariant under both the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin
(BRST) symmetry as well as the corresponding antiBRST symmetry, automatically
implies that the theory is quantized in the (linear covariant) background field
method (BFM) gauge. Thus, the BFM and its associated background Ward identity
naturally emerge from antiBRST invariance of the theory and need not be
introduced as an ad hoc gauge fixing procedure. Treating ghosts and antighosts
on an equal footing, as required by a BRST-antiBRST invariant formulation of
the theory, gives also rise to a local antighost equation that together with
the local ghost equation completely resolve the algebraic structure of the
ghost sector for any value of the gauge fixing parameter. We finally prove that
the background fields are stationary points of the background effective action
obtained when the quantum fields are integrated out.


title: On totally geodesic submanifolds in the Jacobian locus

abstract:
  We study submanifolds of A_g that are totally geodesic for the locally
symmetric metric and which are contained in the closure of the Jacobian locus
but not in its boundary. In the first section we recall a formula for the
second fundamental form of the period map due to Pirola, Tortora and the first
author. We show that this result can be stated quite neatly using a line bundle
over the product of the curve with itself. We give an upper bound for the
dimension of a germ of a totally geodesic submanifold passing through [C] in
M_g in terms of the gonality of C. This yields an upper bound for the dimension
of a germ of a totally geodesic submanifold contained in the Jacobian locus,
which only depends on the genus. We also study the submanifolds of A_g obtained
from cyclic covers of the projective line. These have been studied by various
authors. Moonen determined which of them are Shimura varieties using deep
results in positive characteristic. Using our methods we show that many of the
submanifolds which are not Shimura varieties are not even totally geodesic.


title: A human proof of Gessel's lattice path conjecture

abstract:
  Gessel walks are lattice paths confined to the quarter plane that start at
the origin and consist of unit steps going either West, East, South-West or
North-East. In 2001, Ira Gessel conjectured a nice closed-form expression for
the number of Gessel walks ending at the origin. In 2008, Kauers, Koutschan and
Zeilberger gave a computer-aided proof of this conjecture. The same year,
Bostan and Kauers showed, again using computer algebra tools, that the complete
generating function of Gessel walks is algebraic. In this article we propose
the first "human proofs" of these results. They are derived from a new
expression for the generating function of Gessel walks in terms of Weierstrass
zeta functions.


title:
Positivity and Hoop Properties for Chen-Nester-Tung Quasi-local Energy
  with Analytic Reference in Spherical Symmetry

abstract:
  We provide a direct proof for the positivity of Chen-Nester-Tung quasi-local
energy with analytic reference in spherical symmetry. A hoop-type theorem for
this energy is also established. Finally, the relation between Chen-Nester-Tung
and Brown-York quasi-local energies will be discussed.


title: The effects of disc warping on the inclination of planetary orbits

abstract:
  The interaction between a planet located in the inner region of a disc and
the warped outer region is studied. We consider the stage of evolution after
the planet has cleared-out a gap, so that the planetary orbit evolves only
under the gravitational potential from the disc. We develop a secular analysis
and compute the evolution of the orbital elements by solving Lagrange's
equations valid to second order in the eccentricity. We also perform numerical
simulations with the full disc potential. In general, the interaction between
the disc and the planet leads to the precession of the orbit. The orbital plane
therefore becomes tilted relative to the disc's inner parts, with no change in
the eccentricity. When the inclination approaches 90 degrees, there is an
instability and the eccentricity increases. In this case, both the inclination
and the eccentricity develop large variations, with the orbit becoming
retrograde. As the eccentricity reaches high values, we would expect tidal
capture on a short orbit of the planet by the star to occur. This instability
happens when the disc is severely warped, or if there is a significant amount
of mass in a ring inclined by at least 45 degrees relative to the initial
orbital plane. The inclination of the orbit does not depend on the semimajor
axis nor on the planet's mass. However, for a significant inclination to be
generated on a timescale of at most a few Myr, the planet should be beyond the
snow line. The process described here would therefore produce two distinct
populations of inclined planets: one with objects beyond the snow line with at
most moderate eccentricities, and another with objects on short circularized
orbits.


title: Parallel Decoders of Polar Codes

abstract:
  In this letter, we propose parallel SC (Successive Cancellation) decoder and
parallel SC-List decoder for polar codes. The parallel decoder is composed of
M=2^m(m>=1) component decoders working in parallel and each component decoder
decodes a Polar code of a block size of 1/M of the original Polar code.
Therefore the parallel decoder has M times faster decoding speed. Our
simulation results show that the parallel decoder has almost the same
error-rate performance as the conventional non-parallel decoder.


title:
One-level density of families of elliptic curves and the Ratios
  Conjectures

abstract:
  Using the ratios conjectures as introduced by Conrey, Farmer and Zirnbauer,
we obtain closed formulas for the one-level density for two families of
L-functions attached to elliptic curves. From those closed formulas, we can
determine the underlying symmetry types of the families. The one-level scaling
density for the first family corresponds to the orthogonal distribution as
predicted by the conjectures of Katz and Sarnak, and the one-level scaling
density for the second family is the sum of the Dirac distribution and the even
orthogonal distribution. This seems to be a new phenomenon, caused by the fact
that the curves of the second families have odd rank. Then, there is a trivial
zero at the central point which accounts for the Dirac distribution, and also
affects the remaining part of the scaling density which is then (maybe
surprisingly) the even orthogonal distribution. The one-level density for this
second family was studied in the past for test functions with Fourier
transforms of small support, but since the Fourier transforms of the even
orthogonal and odd orthogonal distributions are undistinguishable for small
support, it was not possible to identify the distribution with those
techniques. This can be done with the ratios conjectures, and it sheds more
light on "independent" and "non-independent" zeroes and the repulsion
phenomenon.


title:
Numerical solutions of boundary value problems for variable coefficient
  generalized KdV equations using Lie symmetries

abstract:
  The exhaustive group classification of a class of variable coefficient
generalized KdV equations is presented, which completes and enhances results
existing in the literature. Lie symmetries are used for solving an initial and
boundary value problem for certain subclasses of the above class. Namely, the
found Lie symmetries are applied in order to reduce the initial and boundary
value problem for the generalized KdV equations (which are PDEs) to an initial
value problem for nonlinear third-order ODEs. The latter problem is solved
numerically using the finite difference method. Numerical solutions are
computed and the vast parameter space is studied.