title: Monte Carlo Study of the Spin-1 Baxter-Wu Model

abstract:
  The two-dimensional spin-1 Baxter-Wu model is studied by using Monte Carlo
simulations. The standard single-spin-flip Metropolis algorithm is used to
generate the configurations from which the order parameter, specific heat and
magnetic susceptibility are measured. The finite-size scaling procedure is
employed in order to get the critical behavior. The extensive simulations shown
that the critical exponents are different from those of the spin-1/2 model
suggesting that the spin-1 model is in a different universality class.


title: A Classical Explanation of the Bohm-Aharonov Effect

abstract:
  The motion of a system of particles under electromagnetic interaction is
considered. Under the assumption that the force acting on an electric charge is
given by the sum of the electromagnetic fields produced by any other charged
particles in its neighborhood, we prove that the vector potential of the
electromagnetic field has to be considered for the balance of kinetic momentum.
The theory cannot be quantized in the usual form -- because it involves a mass
matrix that depends on spatial variables -- and the Hamilton's function becomes
singular at a distance equal to the geometric mean of the electrodynamic
radiuses of electrons and protons.


title: Signal processing and statistical methods in analysis of text and DNA

abstract:
  A number of signal processing and statistical methods can be used in
analyzing either pieces of text or DNA sequences. These techniques can be used
in a number of ways, such as determining authorship of documents, finding genes
in DNA, and determining phylogenetic and linguistic trees. Signal processing
methods such as spectrograms provide useful new tools in the area of genomic
information science. In particular, fractal analysis of DNA ``signals'' has
provided a new way of classifying organisms.


title:
Diagnosis of human breast cancer through wavelet transform of polarized
  fluorescence

abstract:
  Wavelet transform of polarized fluorescence spectroscopic data of human
breast tissues is found to reliably differentiate normal and malignant tissue
types and isolate characteristic biochemical signatures of cancerous tissues,
which can possibly be used for diagnostic purpose. A number of parameters
capturing spectral variations and subtle changes in the diseased tissues in the
visible wavelength regime are clearly identifiable in the wavelet domain. These
investigations, corroborated with tissue phantoms, indicate that the observed
differences between malignant tumor and normal samples are primarily ascribable
to the changes in concentration of porphyrin and density of cellular organelles
present in tumors.


title:
Techniques for noise removal from EEG, EOG and air flow signals in sleep
  patients

abstract:
  Noise is present in the wide variety of signals obtained from sleep patients.
This noise comes from a number of sources, from presence of extraneous signals
to adjustments in signal amplification and shot noise in the circuits used for
data collection. The noise needs to be removed in order to maximize the
information gained about the patient using both manual and automatic analysis
of the signals. Here we evaluate a number of new techniques for removal of that
noise, and the associated problem of separating the original signal sources.


title: Micropattern Gaseous Detectors

abstract:
  Currently a revolution is taking place in the development of gaseous
detectors of photons and particles. Parallel plate-type and wire-type detectors
which dominated for years in high energy and space flight experiments are now
being replaced by recently invented Micropattern gaseous detectors. We will now
review the main achievements in this field and discuss the most promising
directions in future developments and applications.


title:
Using the fractional interaction law to model the impact dynamics in
  arbitrary form of multiparticle collisions

abstract:
  Using the molecular dynamics method, we examine a discrete deterministic
model for the motion of spherical particles in three-dimensional space. The
model takes into account multiparticle collisions in arbitrary forms. Using
fractional calculus we proposed an expression for the repulsive force, which is
the so called fractional interaction law. We then illustrate and discuss how to
control (correlate) the energy dissipation and the collisional time for an
individual article within multiparticle collisions. In the multiparticle
collisions we included the friction mechanism needed for the transition from
coupled torsion-sliding friction through rolling friction to static friction.
Analysing simple simulations we found that in the strong repulsive state binary
collisions dominate. However, within multiparticle collisions weak repulsion is
observed to be much stronger. The presented numerical results can be used to
realistically model the impact dynamics of an individual particle in a group of
colliding particles.


title: "Pseudo" pseudo forces in gauge synchronization theories

abstract:
  The role of extra terms in Newton's second law that arise as a result of
non-Einstein synchronization is explored. Although such extra terms have been
interpreted as pseudo forces that constrain physical theory to a unique method
of synchronization (the Einstein, or standard, synchronization), a fully
relativistic analysis indicates that such extra terms do not invalidate the
conventionalist thesis of synchronization.


title:
Pattern formation in biological fluids II: cell deformation in shear
  fields evidences convective membrane organisation

abstract:
  The mechanical behaviour and symmetry-breaking shape deformation of red blood
cells subjected to shear flows is used to demonstrate that far from being
random fluids, both the membrane and cytoplasm of every biological cell undergo
spatially organised convective and shear driven flows when the cell maintains a
Near Equilibrium state through continuousmetabolic activity. The model
demonstrates that fluid bifurcation events drive cell shape changes, rather
than a Meccano like cytoskeletal structure, and represents a significant
Gestalt shift in models of cell mechanics.


title:
Description of the Chemical Reaction Path in the HCO Molecule: A
  Combined Configuration Interaction and Tight-Binding Approach

abstract:
  It is demonstrated that the reaction path for a polyatomic molecule (applied
to the HCO molecule) is easily calculated via ab-initio configuration
interaction (CI) total energies. This Hamiltonian not only reproduces the CI
calculations accurately and efficiently, but also effectively corrects any CI
energies happening to erroneously converge to excited states.


title:
Non-linear unbalanced Bessel beams: Stationary conical waves supported
  by nonlinear losses

abstract:
  Nonlinear losses accompanying Kerr self-focusing substantially impacts the
dynamic balance of diffraction and nonlinearity, permitting the existence of
localized and stationary solutions of the 2D+1 nonlinear Schrodinger equation
which are stable against radial collapse. These are featured by linear conical
tails that continually refill the nonlinear, central spot. An experiment shows
that the discovered solution behaves as strong attractor for the self-focusing
dynamics in Kerr media.


title:
A computational study of the aerodynamic forces and power requirements
  of dragonfly Aeschna juncea hovering

abstract:
  Aerodynamic force generation and mechanical power requirements of a dragonfly
(Aeschna juncea) in hovering flight are studied. The method of numerically
solving the Navier-Stokes equations in moving overset grids is used.
  There are two large vertical force peaks in one flapping cycle. One is in the
first half of the cycle, which is mainly due to the hindwings in their
downstroke; the other is in the second half of the cycle, which is mainly due
to the forewings in their downstroke. Hovering with a large stroke plane angle,
the dragonfly uses drag as a major source for its weight supporting force
(approximately 65% of the total vertical force is contributed by the drag and
35% by the lift of the wings). The vertical force coefficient of a wing is
twice as large as the quasi-steady value. The interaction between the fore- and
hindwings is not very strong and is detrimental to the vertical force
generation. Compared with the case of a single wing in the same motion, the
interaction effect reduces the vertical forces on the fore- and hindwings by
14% and 16% of that of the corresponding single wing, respectively. The large
vertical force is due to the unsteady flow effects. The mechanism of the
unsteady force is that in each downstroke of the hindwing or the forewing, a
new vortex ring containing downward momentum is generated, giving an upward
force. The body-mass-specific power is 37 W kg-1, which is mainly contributed
by the aerodynamic power.


title:
Relativistic effects in two valence electron atoms and ions and the
  search for variation of the fine structure constant

abstract:
  We perform accurate calculations of the dependence of transition frequencies
in two valence electron atoms and ions on a variation of the fine structure
constant, alpha. The relativistic Hartree-Fock method is used with many-body
perturbation theory and configuration interaction methods to calculate
transition frequencies. The results are to be used in atomic-clock-type
laboratory experiments designed to test whether alpha varies in time.


title:
Estimation of synchrotron-radiation background based on a real beam
  orbit

abstract:
  Some high-energy experiments have suffered from synchrotron-radiation
background. As a measure, we have developed a new calculation method of
synchrotron radiation based on a real beam orbit, aiming at quantitative
estimations and the construction of a possible alarm system for the background.
An explanation and a demonstration of our method are given.


title:
What is the physical meaning of mass in view of wave-particle duality? A
  proposed model

abstract:
  Mass is an important concept in classical mechanics, which regards a particle
as a corpuscular object. But according to wave-particle duality, we know a free
particle can behave like a wave. Is there a wave property that corresponds to
the mass of a particle? This is an interesting question that has not been
extensively explored before. We suggest that this problem can be approached by
treating the mass on the same footing as energy and momentum. Here we propose
that, all particles are excitation waves of the vacuum and different particles
are represented by different excitation modes. Based on such a model, we found
that mass is not an intrinsic property of the particle. Instead, mass is
basically a measure of the particle energy. The relations between energy and
mass can be directly derived based on the wave properties of the particle. This
work explains why some particles are "wave-like" while others are
"particle-like". Furthermore, this work has several interesting implications.
It directly explains why photons can interact with a gravitational field. It
also suggests a possible origin of dark matter; they are thought to be composed
of excitation waves that fail to interact with each other. From this model, one
can easily see why our universe has more dark matters than visible matters.


title: Conditions for waveguide decoupling in square-lattice photonic crystals

abstract:
  We study coupling and decoupling of parallel waveguides in two-dimensional
square-lattice photonic crystals. We show that the waveguide coupling is
prohibited at some wavelengths when there is an odd number of rows between the
waveguides. In contrast, decoupling does not take place when there is even
number of rows between the waveguides. Decoupling can be used to avoid cross
talk between adjacent waveguides.


title: Quest for the Nuclear Georeactor

abstract:
  The paper focuses on a proposal for an underground antineutrino antenna to
further develop the dectection of these particles as a tool to map the
distribution of radiogenic heat sources, such as the natural radionuclides and
a hypothetical nuclear georeactor.


title:
Self-consistent solution for the polarized vacuum in a no-photon QED
  model

abstract:
  We study the Bogoliubov-Dirac-Fock model introduced by Chaix and Iracane
({\it J. Phys. B.}, 22, 3791--3814, 1989) which is a mean-field theory deduced
from no-photon QED. The associated functional is bounded from below. In the
presence of an external field, a minimizer, if it exists, is interpreted as the
polarized vacuum and it solves a self-consistent equation.
  In a recent paper math-ph/0403005, we proved the convergence of the iterative
fixed-point scheme naturally associated with this equation to a global
minimizer of the BDF functional, under some restrictive conditions on the
external potential, the ultraviolet cut-off $\Lambda$ and the bare fine
structure constant $\alpha$. In the present work, we improve this result by
showing the existence of the minimizer by a variational method, for any cut-off
$\Lambda$ and without any constraint on the external field.
  We also study the behaviour of the minimizer as $\Lambda$ goes to infinity
and show that the theory is "nullified" in that limit, as predicted first by
Landau: the vacuum totally kills the external potential. Therefore the limit
case of an infinite cut-off makes no sense both from a physical and
mathematical point of view.
  Finally, we perform a charge and density renormalization scheme applying
simultaneously to all orders of the fine structure constant $\alpha$, on a
simplified model where the exchange term is neglected.


title: Critical Fluctuation of Wind Reversals in Convective Turbulence

abstract:
  The irregular reversals of wind direction in convective turbulence are found
to have fluctuating intervals that can be related to critical behavior. It is
shown that the net magnetization of a 2D Ising lattice of finite size
fluctuates in the same way. Detrended fluctuation analysis of the wind reversal
time series results in a scaling behavior that agrees with that of the Ising
problem. The properties found suggest that the wind reversal phenomenon
exhibits signs of self-organized criticality.


title: Low-wavenumber forcing and turbulent energy dissipation

abstract:
  A popular method of forcing the fluid in Direct Numerical Simulations of
turbulence is to take the body force proportional to the projection of the
velocity of the fluid onto its lowest Fourier modes, while keeping the injected
external power constant. In this paper we perform a simple but rigorous
analysis to establish bounds on the relationship between the energy dissipation
rate and the resulting Reynolds number for this type of forcing. While this
analysis cannot give detailed information of the energy spectrum, it does
provide some indication of the balance of energy between the lower, directly
forced, modes, and those excited by the cascade.


title:
Effects of confinement on the permanent electric-dipole moment of Xe
  atoms in liquid Xe

abstract:
  Searches for permanent electric-dipole moments (EDM) of atoms provide
important constraints on competing extensions to the standard model of
elementary particles. Recently proposed experiment with liquid $^{129}$Xe [M.V.
Romalis and M.P. Ledbetter, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{87}, 067601 (2001)] may
significantly improve present limits on the EDMs. To interpret experimental
data in terms of CP-violating sources, one must relate measured atomic EDM to
various model interactions via electronic-structure calculations. Here we study
density dependence of atomic EDMs. The analysis is carried out in the framework
of the cell model of the liquid coupled with relativistic atomic-structure
calculations. We find that compared to an isolated atom, the EDM of an atom of
liquid Xe is suppressed by about 40%.


title: Dynamic Aperture Calculation for the Dafne-II Project

abstract:
  The DAFNE-II project is considered now as a possible candidate for upgrading
the DAFNE electron-positron collider and improving its luminosity. 6D
simulation of the DAFNE-II dynamic aperture under various assumptions (weak and
strong RF focusing) is presented. Dynamic aperture is reduced as compared to
the week focusing case or constant energy deviation due synchrobetatron
resonances.


title:
A central partition of molecular conformational space. II. Embedding 3D
  structures

abstract:
  A combinatorial model of molecular conformational space that was previously
developped (J. Gabarro-Arpa, Comp. Biol. and Chem. 27, (2003) 153-159), had the
drawback that structures could not be properly embedded beacause it lacked
explicit rotational symmetry. The problem can be circumvented by sorting the
elementary 3D components of a molecular system into a finite set of classes
that can be separately embedded. This also opens up the possibility of encoding
the dynamical states into a graph structure.


title:
Density effects in forward scattering of resonant light in rubidium
  vapor

abstract:
  Transmission of light through an atomic sample placed between crossed
polarizers in a magnetic field is jointly determined by Faraday rotation and
net absorption: transmission increases with rotation and decreases with
absorption. Both rotation and absorption are proportional to the atomic density
N0, hence, in a certain range of N0, the two effects may compete yielding a
distinct density dependence of the transmitted light. We have studied such
dependence in rubidium vapor for N0 = 7.5*10^9 to 7.5*10^11 at/cm^3 with
resonant laser light. We present interpretation of the competition effect and
discuss its possible application for atomic density determination.


title: Blind dispersion compensation for optical coherence tomography

abstract:
  We propose a numerical method for compensating dispersion effects in optical
coherence tomography that does not require a priori knowledge of dispersive
properties of the sample. The method is based on the generalized
autoconvolution function, and its principle of operation can be intuitively
visualized using the Wigner distribution function formalism.


title:
Rapid electron trapping studied by pump-probe photoconductivity: kinetic
  analysis

abstract:
  The use of ultrafast pump-probe conductivity (PPC) for studies of
photoelectron dynamics in nonpolar molecular liquids has been based upon the
perturbation of geminate recombination dynamics of trapped electrons by their
laser photoexcitation into the conduction band. Such a method is unsuitable for
the studies of electron trapping dynamics of quasifree electrons per se. We
demonstrate that the PPC method can be extended to study such dynamics,
provided that the time resolution of the conductivity setup is better than the
ratio mu[e_qf]tau[e_qf]/mu[e_trap] of the mobility-lifetime product for the
quasifree electron and the mobility of the trapped electron. For some liquids
(e.g., supercritical CO2) this time is sufficiently long (> 100 ns) and the
standard conductivity equipment can be used. Even if the time resolution cannot
be increased (due to the adverse effect on the sensitivity), the trapping
dynamics can be studied provided that the trapping competes with cross
recombination of quasifree electrons with holes in the solvent bulk. Since the
mobility of these quasifree electrons is very large (10-10^3 cm^2/Vs), this
recombination is facile even when the density of ionization events is fairly
low (< 1 mM). Perturbation of the geminate electron-hole dynamics is not
required for this method to work.


title:
Electron Photodetachment from Aqueous Anions. II. Ionic Strength Effect
  on Geminate Recombination Dynamics and Quantum Yield for Hydrated Electron

abstract:
  In concentrated solutions of NaClO4 and Na2SO4, the quantum yield for free
electron generated by detachment from photoexcited anions (such as I-, OH-,
ClO^4-, and [SO3]^2-) linearly decreases by 6-12% per 1 M ionic strength. In 9
M sodium perchlorate solution, this quantum yield decreases by roughly an order
of magnitude. Ultrafast kinetic studies of 200 nm photon induced electron
detachment from Br-, HO- and [SO3]^2- suggest that the prompt yield of
thermalized electron does not change in these solutions; rather, the ionic
strength effect originates in more efficient recombination of geminate pairs.
Within the framework of the recently proposed mean force potential (MFP) model
of charge separation dynamics in such photosystems, the observed changes are
interpreted as an increase in the short-range attractive potential between the
geminate partners. Association of sodium cation(s) with the electron and the
parent anion is suggested as the most likely cause for the observed
modification of the MFP. Electron thermalization kinetics suggest that the
cation associated with the parent anion (by ion pairing and/or ionic atmosphere
interaction) is passed to the detached electron in the course of the
photoreaction. The precise atomic-level mechanism for the ionic strength effect
is presently unclear; any further advance is likely to require the development
of an adequate quantum molecular dynamics model.


title: Predicting macrobending loss for large-mode area photonic crystal fibers

abstract:
  We report on an easy-to-evaluate expression for the prediction of the
bend-loss for a large mode area photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a triangular
air-hole lattice. The expression is based on a recently proposed formulation of
the V-parameter for a PCF and contains no free parameters. The validity of the
expression is verified experimentally for varying fiber parameters as well as
bend radius. The typical deviation between the position of the measured and the
predicted bend loss edge is within measurement uncertainty.


title: Performance of DPSK Signals with Quadratic Phase Noise

abstract:
  Nonlinear phase noise induced by the interaction of fiber Kerr effect and
amplifier noises is a quadratic function of the electric field. When the
dependence between the additive Gaussian noise and the quadratic phase noise is
taking into account, the joint statistics of quadratic phase noise and additive
Gaussian noise is derived analytically. When the error probability for
differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) signals is evaluated, depending on the
number of fiber spans, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) penalty is increased by
up to 0.23 dB due to the dependence between the Gaussian noise and the
quadratic phase noise.


title: Why p=gamma(v)mv instead of p=mv? Because of the relativistic postulate

abstract:
  It is shown that the addition law of relativistic velocities leads to the
fundamental equations of relativistic dynamics.


title:
Influence of ambipolar potential on the properties of inductively
  coupled discharges at the bounce resonance condition

abstract:
  The importance of accounting for an ambipolar electrostatic potential or a
non-uniform density profile for modelling of inductively coupled discharges is
demonstrated. A drastic enhancement is observed of the power transfer into
plasma for low-collisional, low-pressure, non-local discharges with non-uniform
electron density profiles under the condition of bounce resonance. This
enhanced plasma heating is attributed to the increase of the number of resonant
electrons, for which the bounce frequency inside the potential well is equal to
the rf field frequency.


title: Two-dimensional heterogeneous photonic bandedge laser

abstract:
  We proposed and realized a two-dimensional (2D) photonic bandedge laser
surrounded by the photonic bandgap. The heterogeneous photonic crystal
structure consists of two triangular lattices of the same lattice constant with
different air hole radii. The photonic crystal laser was realized by
room-temperature optical pumping of air-bridge slabs of InGaAsP quantum wells
emitting at 1.55 micrometer. The lasing mode was identified from its spectral
positions and polarization directions. A low threshold incident pump power of
0.24mW was achieved. The measured characteristics of the photonic crystal
lasers closely agree with the results of real space and Fourier space
calculations based on the finite-difference time-domain method.


title:
Entropy, Information Matrix and order statistics of Multivariate Pareto,
  Burr and related distributions

abstract:
  In this paper we derive the exact analytical expressions for the information
and covariance matrices of the multivariate Burr and related distributions.
These distributions arise as tractable parametric models in reliability,
actuarial science, economics, finance and telecommunications. We show that all
the calculations can be obtained from one main moment multi dimensional
integral whose expression is obtained through some particular change of
variables.


title:
Information and Covariance Matrices for Multivariate Burr III and
  Logistic distributions

abstract:
  Main result of this paper is to derive the exact analytical expressions of
information and covariance matrices for multivariate Burr III and logistic
distributions. These distributions arise as tractable parametric models in
price and income distributions, reliability, economics, populations growth and
survival data. We showed that all the calculations can be obtained from one
main moment multi dimensional integral whose expression is obtained through
some particular change of variables. Indeed, we consider that this calculus
technique for improper integral has its own importance in applied probability
calculus.


title: Physics in Films: A New Approach to Teaching Science

abstract:
  Over the past year and a half we have developed an innovative approach to the
teaching of `Physical Science', a general education course typically found in
the curricula of nearly every college and university. The new approach uses
popular movies to illustrate the principles of physical science, analyzing
individual scenes against the background of the fundamental physical laws. The
impact of being able to understand why, in reality, the scene could or could
not have occurred as depicted in the film, what the director got right and what
he got wrong, has excited student interest enormously in a course that, when
taught in the traditional mode, is usually considered to be `too hard and
boring'. The performance of students on exams reflected the increased attention
to and retention of basic physical concepts, a result that was a primary goal
of the `Physics in Films' approach. Following the first offering of the
revitalization of the Physical Science course, in which action and sci-fi films
were the primary source of the scene clips used in class, the instructors have
demonstrated the versatility of the approach by building variations of the
course around other genres, as well --`Physics in Films: Superheroes' and
`Physics in Films: Pseudoscience'. A parallel approach to the general education
course in astronomy is currently being discussed; many others are in our
thoughts.


title:
Observation of surface states in a truncated two-dimensional photonic
  crystal slab

abstract:
  The effect of lattice termination on the surface states in a two-dimensional
truncated photonic crystal slab is experimentally studied in a high index
contrast silicon-on-insulator system. A single-mode silicon strip waveguide
that is separated from the photonic crystal by a trench of variable width is
used to evanescently couple to surface states in the surrounding lattice. It is
demonstrated that the dispersion of the surface states depends strongly on the
specific termination of the lattice.


title: On the continuum origin of Heisenberg's indeterminacy relations

abstract:
  If space is indistinguishable from the extension of a physical body, as is
Descartes's conception, then transformations of space become transformations of
physical bodies. Every point of space then has properties of physical bodies in
some suitable non-singular sense of average over the space. Every point of
space is then thinkable as a non-singular point particle possessing such
(averaged) physical properties. Then, the location of such a point particle is,
relative to another (similar) point particle, {\em indeterminate} over the
extension of the physical body. Further, transformations of the space may
``move'' such a point particle in relation to another such point particle.
These notions then provide a non-probabilistic explanation of Heisenberg's
indeterminacy relations.


title: Simulation of seismic response in a city-like environment

abstract:
  We study the seismic response of idealized 2D cities, constituted by non
equally-spaced, non equally-sized homogenized blocks anchored in a soft layer
overlying a hard half space. The blocks and soft layer are occupied by
dissipative media. To simulate such response, we use an approximation of the
viscoelastic modulus by a low-order rational function of frequency and
incorporate this approximation into a first-order-in-time scheme. Our results
display spatially-variable, strong, long-duration responses inside the blocks
and on the ground, which qualitatively match the responses observed in some
earthquake-prone cities of Mexico, France, the USA, etc.


title: Earthquakes temporal occurrence: a statistical study

abstract:
  The distribution of inter-occurrence time between seismic events is a
quantity of great interest in seismic risk assessment. We evaluate this
distribution for different models of earthquakes occurrence and follow two
distinct approaches: The non homogeneous Poissonian and the non Poissonian one.
In all cases we obtain either a power law or a power law damped by an
exponential factor behaviour. This feature of the distribution makes impossible
any prediction of earthquakes occurrence. Nevertheless it suggests the
interpretation of the earthquake occurrence phenomenon as due to some
non-linear dynamics to be further investigated.


title: Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy studies of graphite edges

abstract:
  We studied experimentally and theoretically the electronic local density of
states (LDOS) near single step edges at the surface of exfoliated graphite. In
scanning tunneling microscopy measurements, we observed the $(\sqrt{3} \times
\sqrt{3}) R 30^{\circ}$ and honeycomb superstructures extending over 3$-$4 nm
both from the zigzag and armchair edges. Calculations based on a
density-functional derived non-orthogonal tight-binding model show that these
superstructures can coexist if the two types of edges admix each other in real
graphite step edges. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements near the
zigzag edge reveal a clear peak in the LDOS at an energy below the Fermi energy
by 20 meV. No such a peak was observed near the armchair edge. We concluded
that this peak corresponds to the "edge state" theoretically predicted for
graphene ribbons, since a similar prominent LDOS peak due to the edge state is
obtained by the first principles calculations.


title: Elliptic and hyperelliptic magnetohydrodynamic equilibria

abstract:
  The present study is a continuation of a previous one on "hyperelliptic"
axisymmetric equilibria started in [Tasso and Throumoulopoulos, Phys. Plasmas
5, 2378 (1998)].
  Specifically, some equilibria with incompressible flow nonaligned with the
magnetic field and restricted by appropriate side conditions like "isothermal"
magnetic surfaces, "isodynamicity" or P + B^2/2 constant on magnetic surfaces
are found to be reducible to elliptic integrals. The third class recovers
recent equilibria found in [Schief, Phys. Plasmas 10, 2677 (2003)]. In contrast
to field aligned flows, all solutions found here have nonzero toroidal magnetic
field on and elliptic surfaces near the magnetic axis.


title: An Overview of the KamLAND 1-kiloton Liquid Scintillator

abstract:
  KamLAND is a massive liquid-scintillator-based neutrino detector studying low
energy neutrino oscillation. The experiment has discovered a large deficit of
the reactor neutrino flux with baseline of 180km in the year 2002. This result
is placing a strong impact on the elementary particle physics. The KamLAND
detector makes use of one kiloton of liquid scintillator (LS) as the active
neutrino target. This is the largest homogeneous LS detector in the world.
Although the light yield and attenuation length of the LS were measured to be
57% anthracene and ~10m, in the test experiments, when it is used in the
KamLAND detector, the effective transparency and light yield significantly
increased from these values, presumably due to the scattering and re-emission
in the large scale LS. The radio active contamination in the LS is extremely
low, such as 3.5E-18g/g for uranium. This is the world's lowest contamination
record so far achieved and measured. The success of the KamLAND experiment is a
fruit of this high-quality and large-quantity LS. In this proceedings, an
outline of the LS is described.


title: Optimum strategy for energy degraders and ionization cooling

abstract:
  Methodology for calculating the profile and emittance of a particle beam as
it is slowed down in matter, including the effects of multiple scattering,
axial magnetic field and lithium lens. Strategies are determined for minimum
final emittance. For ionization cooling, boron carbide is superior to liquid
hydrogen while a beryllium lens has merit.


title:
Phasing diffuse scattering. Application of the SIR2002 algorithm to the
  non-crystallographic phase problem

abstract:
  A new phasing algorithm has been used to determine the phases of diffuse
elastic X-ray scattering from a non-periodic array of gold balls of 50 nm
diameter. Two-dimensional real-space images, showing the charge-density
distribution of the balls, have been reconstructed at 50 nm resolution from
transmission diffraction patterns recorded at 550 eV energy. The reconstructed
image fits well with scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the same
sample. The algorithm, which uses only the density modification portion of the
SIR2002 program, is compared with the results obtained via the
Gerchberg-Saxton-Fienup HIO algorithm. In this way the relationship between
density modification in crystallography and the HiO algorithm used in signal
and image processing is elucidated.


title: Subwavelength imaging with opaque left-handed nonlinear lens

abstract:
  We introduce the concept of subwavelength imaging with an opaque nonlinear
left-handed lens by generating the second-harmonic field. We consider a slab of
composite left-handed metamaterial with quadratic nonlinear response and show
that such a flat lens can form, under certain conditions, an image of the
second-harmonic field of the source being opaque at the fundamental frequency.


title:
Suppression of Excitation and Spectral Broadening Induced by
  Interactions in a Cold Gas of Rydberg Atoms

abstract:
  We report on the observation of ultralong range interactions in a gas of cold
Rubidium Rydberg atoms. The van-der-Waals interaction between a pair of Rydberg
atoms separated as far as 100,000 Bohr radii features two important effects:
Spectral broadening of the resonance lines and suppression of excitation with
increasing density. The density dependence of these effects is investigated in
detail for the S- and P- Rydberg states with main quantum numbers n ~ 60 and n
~ 80 excited by narrow-band continuous-wave laser light. The density-dependent
suppression of excitation can be interpreted as the onset of an
interaction-induced local blockade.


title: Modulation induced frequency shifts in a CPT-based atomic clock

abstract:
  We investigate systematic errors associated with a common modulation
technique used for phase sensitive detection of a coherent population trapping
(CPT) resonance. In particular, we show that modification of the CPT resonance
lineshape due to the presence of off-resonant fields leads to frequency shifts
which may limit the stability of CPT-based atomic clocks. We also demonstrate
that an alternative demodulation technique greatly reduces these effects.


title:
Manipulating the scattering length of a Bose - Einstein condensate in an
  amplitude - modulated optical lattice

abstract:
  The scattering length in a BEC confined in an amplitude - modulated optical
lattice can be manipulated by the modulation strength. Two standing laser waves
of main and sideband frequencies of an optical lattice induce a Raman
transition; due to resonant Raman driving the effective scattering length
depends on the modulation strength and the detuning from resonance and can be
tuned to a given value.


title: Cinema as a tool for science literacy

abstract:
  A project known as "Physics in Films" currently underway at UCF is designed
to generate renewed interest and excitement in the standard "Physical Science"
course. In the initial, developmental phase of the project the instructors
selected films without regard to genre and theme. They only demanded that the
selected films would cover nearly all the traditional topics of the typical
"Physical Science" course. The project met with unprecedented success that
motivated a rapid and more sophisticated expansion. In the current phase the
authors demonstrate that the method is very flexible, accommodating the movie
preferences of any instructor. The authors are developing versions of the
course that have different "flavors", that is, "Physics in Films" course
packages built around particular genres or themes. For example, during the 2003
summer terms we class-tested the flavors "Physics in Films: Superheroes" and
"Physics in Films: Pseudoscience". Additional flavors are under development.
This talk summarizes part of our experiences and presents some of the results
from our courses. Overall, the method opens an effective way to help large
masses to overcome science illiteracy.


title:
Relativistic coupled-cluster calculation of core ionization potential
  using the Fock space eigenvalue independent partitioning technique

abstract:
  In this paper we have applied the cluster-expansion ansatz for the wave
operator \Omega which incorporates the orbital relaxation and correlation
effects in an efficient manner. We have used both ordinary and normal ordered
cluster operator (\Omega) to compute the ionization potential for different
states of Ne, Ar, and Kr. The result in our calculation clearly shows how the
relaxation and correlation effects play the role in determining the ionization
potential, one of the interesting aspects in theoretical spectroscopy.


title:
Electronic film with embedded micro-mirrors for solar energy
  concentrator systems

abstract:
  A novel electronic film solar energy concentrator with embedded micro-mirrors
that track the sun is described. The potential viability of this new concept is
presented. Due to miniaturization, the amount of material needed for the
optical system is minimal. Because it is light-weight and flexible, it can
easily be attached to the land or existing structures. This presents an
economic advantage over conventional concentrators which require the
construction of a separate structure to support them, and motors to orient them
to intercept and properly reflect sunlight. Such separate structures must be
able to survive gusts, windstorms, earthquakes, etc. This concentrator utilizes
the ground or existing edifices which are already capable of withstanding such
vicissitudes of nature.


title:
Inverse Problem for Static Electromagnetic Field in a Dipole
  Approximation

abstract:
  The following inverse problem is discussed. A static electromagnetic field
generated by a limited system of charges and currents is supposed to be known
with its first derivatives at a point somewhere far from the system. This
allows to reconstruct the position of the system, its net charge, and the
electric and magnetic moments of the system.


title: Chemical Equilibrium as Balance of the Thermodynamic Forces

abstract:
  The article sets forth comprehensive basics of thermodynamics of chemical
equilibrium as balance of the thermodynamic forces. Based on the linear
equations of irreversible thermodynamics, De Donder definition of the
thermodynamic force, and Le Chatelier's principle, new thermodynamics of
chemical equilibrium offers an explicit account for multiple chemical
interactions within the system. Basic relations between energetic
characteristics of chemical transformations and reaction extents are based on
the idea of chemical equilibrium as balance between internal and external
thermodynamic forces, which is presented in the form of a logistic equation,
containing only one new parameter. Solutions to the basic equation define the
domain of states of the chemical system, from true equilibrium to true chaos.
The new theory is derived exclusively from the currently recognized ideas and
covers equilibrium thermodynamics as well as non-equilibrium thermodynamics in
a unique concept.


title:
Crystal structures and proton dynamics in potassium and cesium hydrogen
  bistrifluoroacetate salts with strong symmetric hydrogen bonds

abstract:
  The crystal structures of potassium and cesium bistrifluoroacetates were
determined at room temperature and at 20 K and 14 K, respectively, with the
single crystal neutron diffraction technique. The crystals belong to the I2/a
and A2/a monoclinic space groups, respectively, and there is no visible phase
transition. For both crystals, the trifluoroacetate entities form dimers linked
by very short hydrogen bonds lying across a centre of inversion. Any proton
disorder or double minimum potential can be rejected. The inelastic neutron
scattering spectral profiles in the OH stretching region between 500 and 1000
cm^{-1} previously published [Fillaux and Tomkinson, Chem. Phys. 158 (1991)
113] are reanalyzed. The best fitting potential has the major characteristics
already reported for potassium hydrogen maleate [Fillaux et al. Chem. Phys. 244
(1999) 387]. It is composed of a narrow well containing the ground state and a
shallow upper part corresponding to dissociation of the hydrogen bond.


title: Einsteinian Field Theory as a Program in Fundamental Physics

abstract:
  I summarize here the logic that leads us to a program for the Theory of the
Total Field in Einstein's sense. The purpose is to show that this theory is a
logical culmination of the developments of (fundamental) physical concepts and,
hence, to initiate a discussion of these issues.


title: I am the cat who walks by himself

abstract:
  The city of lions. Beaulieu-sur-Dordogne. The war starts. Drole de guerre.
Going to work. Going to school. Fleeing from village to village. Playing cat
and mouse. The second landing. Return to Beaulieu. Return to Paris. Joining the
boyscouts. Learning languages. Israel becomes independent. Arrival in Haifa.
Kalay high school. Military training. The Hebrew Technion in Haifa. Relativity.
Asher Peres. Metallurgy. Return to France. Escape from jail. Aviva.


title: Fission of a multiphase membrane tube

abstract:
  A common mechanism for intracellular transport is the use of controlled
deformations of the membrane to create spherical or tubular buds. While the
basic physical properties of homogeneous membranes are relatively well-known,
the effects of inhomogeneities within membranes are very much an active field
of study. Membrane domains enriched in certain lipids in particular are
attracting much attention, and in this Letter we investigate the effect of such
domains on the shape and fate of membrane tubes. Recent experiments have
demonstrated that forced lipid phase separation can trigger tube fission, and
we demonstrate how this can be understood purely from the difference in elastic
constants between the domains. Moreover, the proposed model predicts timescales
for fission that agree well with experimental findings.


title: Radiation-induced solitary waves in hot plasmas

abstract:
  It is argued that, in a hot plasma interacting with thermal radiation, there
exist the radiation-induced solitary waves different from the types of
nonlinear waves in plasmas known so far. There are extensive observational
evidence for the propagation of these specific density waves in the hot plasmas
of various astrophysical objects. Radiation produces also non-adiabatic density
perturbations analogues to the second sound in the liquid helium.


title:
Free Surface Deformation and Cusp Formation During the Drainage of a
  Very Viscous Fluid

abstract:
  We report an experimental study of the deformation of the free surface of a
very viscous fluid when drained out of a container through a circular orifice.
At some critical height of the fluid, the free surface deforms and forms a
dimple. At later times, this dimple becomes a cusp. We found that the height of
the dimple measured from the bottom of the tank as well as the curvature of the
dimple before the cusp formation, follows power laws behaviors. We found that
this behavior was due to an interplay between viscous pressure and surface
tension


title: Dynamics of Human Walking

abstract:
  The problem of biped locomotion at steady speeds is discussed through a
Lagrangian formulation developed for velocity-dependent, body driving forces.
Human walking on a level surface is analyzed in terms of the data on the
resultant ground-reaction force and the external work. It is shown that the
trajectory of the center of mass is due to a superposition of its rectilinear
motion with a given speed and a backward rotation along a shortened
hypocycloid. A stiff-to-compliant crossover between walking gaits is described
and the maximum speed for human walking, given by an instability of the
trajectory, is predicted.
  Key words: locomotion, integrative biology, muscles, bipedalism, human
walking, biomechanics.


title:
Hyperpolarized xenon nuclear spins detected by optical atomic
  magnetometry

abstract:
  We report the use of an atomic magnetometer based on nonlinear
magneto-optical rotation with frequency modulated light (FM NMOR) to detect
nuclear magnetization of xenon gas. The magnetization of a
spin-exchange-polarized xenon sample ($1.7 $cm$^3$ at a pressure of $5 $bar,
natural isotopic abundance, polarization 1%), prepared remotely to the
detection apparatus, is measured with an atomic sensor (which is insensitive to
the leading field of 0.45 G applied to the sample; an independent bias field at
the sensor is $140 \mu$G). An average magnetic field of $\sim 10 $nG induced by
the xenon sample on the 10-cm diameter atomic sensor is detected with
signal-to-noise ratio $\sim 10$, limited by residual noise in the magnetic
environment. The possibility of using modern atomic magnetometers as detectors
of nuclear magnetic resonance and in magnetic resonance imaging is discussed.
Atomic magnetometers appear to be ideally suited for emerging low-field and
remote-detection magnetic resonance applications.


title: Benchmarking Iterative Projection Algorithms for Phase Retrieval

abstract:
  Iterative projection algorithms for phase retrieval are tested on two simple
toy models. The result provides useful insights in the behavior of these
algorithms.


title: Alignment and orientation of an adsorbed dipole molecule

abstract:
  Half-cycle laser pulse is applied on an absorbed molecule to investigate its
alignment and orientation behavior. Crossover from field-free to hindered
rotation motion is observed by varying the angel of hindrance of potential
well. At small hindered angle, both alignment and orientation show
sinusoidal-like behavior because of the suppression of higher excited states.
However, mean alignment decreases monotonically as the hindered angle is
increased, while mean orientation displays a minimum point at certain hindered
angle. The reason is attributed to the symmetry of wavefunction and can be
explained well by analyzing the coefficients of eigenstates.


title:
Discerning Aggregation in Homogeneous Ensembles: A General Description
  of Photon Counting Spectroscopy in Diffusing Systems

abstract:
  In order to discern aggregation in solutions, we present a quantum mechanical
analog of the photon statistics from fluorescent molecules diffusing through a
focused beam. A generating functional is developed to fully describe the
experimental physical system as well as the statistics. Histograms of the
measured time delay between photon counts are fit by an analytical solution
describing the static as well as diffusing regimes. To determine empirical
fitting parameters, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy is used in parallel
to the photon counting. For expedient analysis, we find that the distribution's
deviation from a single Poisson shows a difference between two single fluor
moments or a double fluor aggregate of the same total intensities. Initial
studies were performed on fixed-state aggregates limited to dimerization.
However preliminary results on reactive species suggest that the method can be
used to characterize any aggregating system.


title: The Molecular Diffusion of Ice Crystals of Various Shapes

abstract:
  The growth by molecular diffusion (Reynold's number (Re) = 0) of ice crystals
of different shapes, represented by the Sherwood number (Sh) is calculated
using an electrical analog which relates capacity (C) to Sh. Although
experimental data on dependence of Sh on Re for various ice crystals of
interest in cloud physics have been previously obtained, extrapolation of the
data to smaller particles for Re=0 has been unreliable. We present a simple
computational algorithm for computing Sh at Re=0 for various crystals of
interest, which will allow proper coverage over the whole Re range applicable
to ice crystals. The method we present can be applied to any crystal of
rectilinear shape. The approach was as follows: the model crystal is positioned
in a box and an electric field is applied between the crystal and the box,
simulating the initial growth stage of ice crystals. Using a finite Cartesian
grid system of variable lattice separations, the corners of ice crystal are
assigned to particular lattice points, thereby defining the geometry of the
crystal. A discrete version of Gauss' flux law is developed and used for this
lattice system. Sh (at Re=0) is obtained for hexagonal plates, hexagonal
columns, broad branched crystals, stellar crystals, and capped columns. Our
calculations reveal that our simple computational algorithm provides the values
of Sh for these shapes to within 5% error from the values obtained through
estimates in previous studies.


title:
Computer-generated character tables and nuclear spin statistical
  weights: Application to benzene dimer and methane dimer

abstract:
  A short GAP computer program is presented for computing nuclear spin
statistical weights of rovibronic symmetry species in polyatomic molecules. As
examples, benzene dimer and methane dimer are discussed.


title:
Weakly nonlinear vertical dust grain oscillations in dusty plasma
  crystals in the presence of a magnetic field

abstract:
  The weakly nonlinear regime of transverse paramagnetic dust grain
oscillations in dusty (complex) plasma crystals is discussed. The nonlinearity,
which is related to the sheath electric/magnetic field(s) and to the
inter--grain (electrostatic/magnetic dipole) interactions, is shown to lead to
the generation of phase harmonics and, in the case of propagating transverse
dust-lattice modes, to the modulational instability of the carrier wave due to
self--interaction. The stability profile depends explicitly on the form of the
electric and magnetic fields in the plasma sheath. The long term evolution of
the modulated wave packet, which is described by a nonlinear
Schr\"odinger--type equation (NLSE), may lead to propagating localized envelope
structures whose exact forms are presented and discussed. Explicit suggestions
for experimental investigations are put forward.


title: The noisy image retrieval for fluorescence digital microscopy

abstract:
  The efficient optical tool for elimination of the phase and amplitude
distortions produced by imperfectness of the optical elements in microscope
lightpath considered. This robust procedure described by simple theoretical
model proved to be successful to repair the noisy images with noise to signal
ratio close to 100. It is shown that Van Cittert - Zernike theorem provides
adequate description of imperfect microscope operating under both coherent and
incoherent illumination conditions and having turbid media in object and
intermediate planes.


title:
The Capabilities of the EISCAT Svalbard Radar for Inter-hemispheric
  Coordinated Studies

abstract:
  In this article we want to present the EISCAT Svalbard Radar (ESR) in some
detail, as well as some of the instruments of interest for ionospheric and
magnetospheric research that are located in the vicinity of it. We particularly
describe how this instrument cluster, close to the geomagnetic conjugate point
of the Chinese Antarctic Zhongshan station, can contribute to inter-hemispheric
coordinated studies of the polar Ionosphere.


title: Critical Exponents and Universality in Fully Developed Turbulence

abstract:
  Multi-fractal model for dissipation field has been used to provide a detailed
structure for the critical exponent \sigma describing the scaling form of
dissipation \epsilon that appears to exhibit an interesting universality
covering radically different hydrodynamic fully developed turbulence (FDT)
systems. This result also appears to provide a consistent framework for
classification of dissipation field into critical, subcritical and
supercritical cases. Some FDT problems that exemplify these cases are
discussed.


title: Data handling, reconstruction, and simulation for the KLOE experiment

abstract:
  The broad physics program of the KLOE experiment is based on the high event
rate at the Frascati phi factory, and calls for an up-to-date system for data
acquisition and processing. In this review of the KLOE offline environment, the
architecture of the data-processing system and the programs developed for data
reconstruction and Monte Carlo simulation are described, as well as the various
procedures used for data handling and transfer between the different components
of the system.


title:
To consider the electromagnetic field as fundamental, and the metric
  only as a subsidiary field

abstract:
  In accordance with an old suggestion of Asher Peres (1962), we consider the
electromagnetic field as fundamental and the metric as a subsidiary field. In
following up this thought, we formulate Maxwell's theory in a diffeomorphism
invariant and metric-independent way. The electromagnetic field is then given
in terms of the excitation $H=(H,D)$ and the field strength $F=(E,B)$.
Additionally, a local and linear ``spacetime relation'' is assumed between $H$
and $F$, namely $H \sim \kappa F$, with the constitutive tensor $\kappa$. The
propagation is studied of electromagnetic wave fronts (surfaces of
discontinuity) with a method of Hadamard. We find a generalized Fresnel
equation that is quartic in the wave covector of the wave front. We discuss
under which conditions the waves propagate along the light cone. Thereby we
derive the metric of spacetime, up to a conformal factor, by purely
electromagnetic methods.


title:
Off-diagonal hyperfine interaction between the 6p1/2 and 6p3/2 levels in
  133Cs

abstract:
  The off-diagonal hyperfine interaction between the 6p1/2 and 6p3/2 states in
133Cs is evaluated in third-order MBPT giving 37.3 Hz and 48.3 Hz,
respectively, for second-order energies of the 6p3/2 F=3 and F=4 levels. This
result is a factor of 10 smaller than one obtained from an uncorrelated
first-order Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculation and used in the analysis of a recent
high-precision (< 2 kHz) measurement of the 6p3/2 hyperfine structure [Gerginov
et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 72301 (2003)]. The factor of 10 difference has
negligible effect on the conclusions of the recent experiment but will become
important for experiments carried out at a precision of better than 1 kHz.


title: Gravity as Archimedes' thrust and a bifurcation in that theory

abstract:
  Euler's interpretation of Newton's gravity (NG) as Archimedes' thrust in a
fluid ether is presented in some detail. Then a semi-heuristic mechanism for
gravity, close to Euler's, is recalled and compared with the latter. None of
these two "gravitational ethers" can obey classical mechanics. This is logical
since the ether defines the very reference frame, in which mechanics is
defined. This concept is used to build a scalar theory of gravity: NG
corresponds to an incompressible ether, a compressible ether leads to
gravitational waves. In the Lorentz-Poincar\'e version, special relativity is
compatible with the ether, but, with the heterogeneous ether of gravity, it
applies only locally. A correspondence between metrical effects of uniform
motion and gravitation is assumed, yet in two possible versions (one is new).
Dynamics is based on a (non-trivial) extension of Newton's second law. The
observational status for the theory with the older version of the
correspondence is summarized.


title: Playing Games with the Quantum Three-Body Problem

abstract:
  Quantum mechanics courses focus mostly on its computational aspects. This
alone does not provide the same depth of understanding as most physicists have
of classical mechanics. The understanding of classical mechanics is
significantly bolstered by the intuitive understanding that one acquires
through the playing of games like baseball at an early age. It would be good to
have similar games for quantum mechanics. However, real games that involve
quantum phenomena directly are impossible. So, computer simulated games are
good alternatives. Here a computer game involving three interacting quantum
particles is discussed. It is hoped that such games played at an early age will
provide the intuitive background for a better understanding of quantum
mechanics at a later age.


title:
Evaluation scheme for the design of high power single mode
  vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

abstract:
  A very simple and efficient evaluation procedure is suggested for the design
of high power single mode VCSELs by reviewing the physical mechanisms that
governs mode transition and simplifying the computation steps. In addition, the
new structures are proposed and tested following the suggested evaluation
procedure. As a result, the proposed design exhibits much better stability of
the fundamental mode over a current range wider than the conventional one.


title: Transition Radiation Spectroscopy with Prototypes of the ALICE TRD

abstract:
  We present measurements of the transition radiation (TR) spectrum produced in
an irregular radiator at different electron momenta. The data are compared to
simulations of TR from a regular radiator.


title: Global structure of integer partitions sequences

abstract:
  Integer partitions are deeply related to many phenomena in statistical
physics. A question naturally arises which is of interest to physics both on
"purely" theoretical and on practical, computational grounds. Is it possible to
apprehend the global pattern underlying integer partition sequences and to
express the global pattern compactly, in the form of a "matrix" giving all of
the partitions of N into exactly M parts? This paper demonstrates that the
global structure of integer partitions sequences (IPS) is that of a complex
tree. By analyzing the structure of this tree, we derive a closed form
expression for a map from (N, M) to the set of all partitions of a positive
integer N into exactly M positive integer summands without regard to order. The
derivation is based on the use of modular arithmetic to solve an isomorphic
combinatoric problem, that of describing the global organization of the
sequence of all ordered placements of N indistinguishable balls into M
distinguishable non-empty bins or boxes. This work has the potential to
facilitate computations of important physics and to offer new insights into
number theoretic problems.


title: Small scale structure of homogeneous turbulent shear flow

abstract:
  The structure of homogeneous turbulent shear flow is studied using data
generated by Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) and a linear analysis for both
compressible and incompressible cases. At large values of the mean shear rate,
the Rapid Distortion Theory (RDT) limit is approached. Analytical solutions are
found for the inviscid compressible RDT equations at long times. The RDT
equations are also solved numerically for both inviscid and viscous cases. The
RDT solutions, confirmed by the DNS results, show that the even order
transverse derivative moments of the dilatational and solenoidal velocity
fields are anisotropic, with the dilatational motions more anisotropic than
their solenoidal counterparts. The results obtained for the incompressible case
are similar to those obtained for the solenoidal motions in the compressible
case. The DNS results also indicate an increase in the anisotropy of the even
order transverse derivative moments with the order of the moment, in agreement
with the RDT predictions. Although the anisotropy decreases with Reynolds
number, it is likely that for higher even order moments it will persist at
large values of the Reynolds number, in contrast with the postulate of local
isotropy. The RDT solutions also predict that the normalized odd order
transverse derivative moments of the solenoidal velocity for the compressible
case and of the velocity for the incompressible case should approach a constant
different than zero at large times. This prediction is supported by the DNS
data. For higher odd order normalized moments, the RDT analysis suggests that
the anisotropy may persist at large values of the Reynolds number, in agreement
with the existent experimental data.


title: RF Couplers for Normal-Conducting Photoinjector of High-Power CW FEL

abstract:
  A high-current emittance-compensated RF photoinjector is a key enabling
technology for a high-power CW FEL. A preliminary design of a
normal-conducting, 2.5-cell pi-mode, 700-MHz CW RF photoinjector that will be
built for demonstration purposes, is completed. This photoinjector will be
capable of accelerating a 100-mA electron beam (3 nC per bunch at 35 MHz bunch
repetition rate) to 2.7 MeV while providing an emittance below 7 mm-mrad at the
wiggler. More than 1 MW of RF power will be fed into the photoinjector cavity
through two ridge-loaded tapered waveguides. The waveguides are coupled to the
cavity by "dog-bone" irises cut in a thick wall. Due to CW operation of the
photoinjector, the cooling of the coupler irises is a rather challenging
thermal management project. This paper presents results of a detailed
electromagnetic modeling of the coupler-cavity system, which has been performed
to select the coupler design that minimizes the iris heating due to RF power
loss in its walls.


title: Atom trapping and guiding with a subwavelength-diameter optical fiber

abstract:
  We suggest using an evanescent wave around a thin fiber to trap atoms. We
show that the gradient force of a red-detuned evanescent-wave field in the
fundamental mode of a silica fiber can balance the centrifugal force when the
fiber diameter is about two times smaller than the wavelength of the light and
the component of the angular momentum of the atoms along the fiber axis is in
an appropriate range. As an example, the system should be realizable for Cesium
atoms at a temperature of less than 0.29 mK using a silica fiber with a radius
of 0.2 $\mu$m and a 1.3-$\mu$m-wavelength light with a power of about 27 mW.


title: Interevent time distribution in seismicity: a theoretical approach

abstract:
  This paper presents an analysis of the distribution of the time $\tau$
between two consecutive events in a stationary point process. The study is
motivated by the discovery of a unified scaling law for $\tau$ for the case of
seismic events. It is shown that the unified law must necessarily be
exponential. We discuss the parameterization of the empirical unified law and
the physical meaning of the parameters involved.


title: Lead-glass detector for NA49

abstract:
  An experimental report on the construction and operation of a lead-glass
calorimeter at the CERN-NA49 experiment is presented.


title:
Using Static Charge on Pyroelectric Crystals to Produce Self Focusing
  Electron and Ion Beams and Transport Through Tubes

abstract:
  Static charge in and on the surface of pyroelectric crystals of LiNbO3 and
LiTaO3 in a dilute gas has been shown to ionize gas molecules via electron
tunneling. The released electrons and positive ions are focused and accelerated
according to the sign of the static uncompensated charge. The uncompensated
charge is produced when the temperature of the crystal is changed from any
initial temperature between about 500K and about 15K. It may be either
polarization charge that is inside the crystal surface or compensation charge
that is on the surface. The direction of temperature change and the polarity of
the base of the crystal determine whether electrons or positive ions are
accelerated toward or away from the crystal. The ionization, focusing and
acceleration may continue for more than 15 days following a single change in
temperature.


title:
The "zeroth law" of turbulence: Isotropic turbulence simulations
  revisited

abstract:
  The dimensionless kinetic energy dissipation rate C_epsilon is estimated from
numerical simulations of statistically stationary isotropic box turbulence that
is slightly compressible. The Taylor microscale Reynolds number Re_lambda range
is 20 < Re_lambda < 220 and the statistical stationarity is achieved with a
random phase forcing method. The strong Re_lambda dependence of C_epsilon
abates when Re_lambda approx. 100 after which C_epsilon slowly approaches
approx 0.5 a value slightly different to previously reported simulations but in
good agreement with experimental results. If C_epsilon is estimated at a
specific time step from the time series of the quantities involved it is
necessary to account for the time lag between energy injection and energy
dissipation. Also, the resulting value can differ from the ensemble averaged
value by up to +-30%. This may explain the spread in results from previously
published estimates of C_epsilon.


title: Quantum Monte Carlo Studies of Superfluid Fermi Gases

abstract:
  We report results of quantum Monte Carlo calculations of the ground state of
dilute Fermi gases with attractive short range two-body interactions. The
strength of the interaction is varied to study different pairing regimes which
are characterized by the product of the s-wave scattering length and the Fermi
wave vector, $ak_F$. We report results for the ground state energy, the pairing
gap $\Delta$ and the quasiparticle spectrum. In the weak coupling regime,
$1/ak_F < -1$, we obtain BCS superfluid and the energy gap $\Delta$ is much
smaller than the Fermi gas energy $E_{FG}$.
  When $ a > 0$, the interaction is strong enough to form bound molecules with
energy $E_{mol}$. For $1/ak_F \gtrsim 0.5$ we find that weakly interacting
composite bosons are formed in the superfluid gas with $\Delta$ and gas energy
per particle approaching $|E_{mol}|/2$. In this region we seem to have
Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of molecules. The behavior of the energy and
the gap in the BCS to BEC transition region, $-0.5 < 1/ak_F < 0.5$ is
discussed.


title:
Testing Lorentz symmetry of special relativity by means of the Virgo or
  Ligo set-up, through the differential measure of the two orthogonal beams
  time-of-flight

abstract:
  A novel experiment to test special relativity via Lorentz symmetry has become
factible thanks to three recent technological achievements: huge Michelson-like
set-up with arms 3 km long (Virgo) and 4 km (Ligo) with beam paths respectively
reaching 120 km and 200 km through multiple reflections, ultrashort laser
pulses of 10-15 s and ultrafast detectors of 10-12 s resolution. The alliance
of these three elements would allow checking the equality of the time-of-flight
of the two orthogonal beams with a resolution high enough to allow prospecting
in a novel way the equivalency of inertial system postulated in special
relativity. In effect, for a beam path length of 120 or 200 km and a net drift
velocity of earth of 370 km/s relative to the cosmic microwave background CMB),
a classical analysis predicts a time-of-flight difference of the order of 10 ns
between the two orthogonal beams, while relativity infers them to be equal. So,
what is under scrutiny is the exhaustivity of the electromagnetic equivalency
of inertial systems. A null time-of-flight difference would strengthen the
Lorentz symmetry, while a non null result would bring a threshold to the
equivalency of inertial systems and at the same time would provide a tool to
define their speed, which should be equal to that relative to the CMB for being
congruent.


title: Correlation between thermal expansion and heat capacity

abstract:
  Theoretically predicted linear correlation between the volume coefficient of
thermal expansion and the thermal heat capacity was investigated for highly
symmetrical atomic arrangements. Normalizing the data of these thermodynamic
parameters to the Debye temperature gives practically identical curves from
zero Kelvin to the Debye temperature. This result is consistent with the
predicted linear correlation. At temperatures higher than the Debye temperature
the normalized values of the thermal expansion are always higher than the
normalized value of the heat capacity. The detected correlation has significant
computational advantage since it allows calculating the volume coefficient of
thermal expansion from one experimental data by using the Debye function.


title: Passive scalar diffusion as a damped wave

abstract:
  Three-dimensional turbulence simulations are used to show that the turbulent
root mean square velocity is an upper bound of the speed of turbulent
diffusion. There is a close analogy to magnetic diffusion where the maximum
diffusion speed is the speed of light. Mathematically, this is caused by the
inclusion of the Faraday displacement current which ensures that causality is
obeyed. In turbulent diffusion, a term similar to the displacement current
emerges quite naturally when the minimal tau approximation is used. Simulations
confirm the presence of such a term and give a quantitative measure of its
relative importance.


title: Thick GEM-like hole multipliers: properties and possible applications

abstract:
  The properties of thick GEM-like (TGEM) gaseous electron multipliers,
operated at 1-740 Torr are presented. They are made of a G-10 plate, perforated
with millimeter-scale diameter holes. In single-multiplier elements, effective
gains of about 104, 106, and 105 were reached at respective pressures of 1, 10
Torr isobutane and 740 Torr Ar/5%CH4, with pulse rise-times in the few
nanosecond scale. The high effective gain at atmospheric pressure was measured
with a TGEM coated with a CsI photocathode. The detector was operated in single
and cascaded modes. Potential applications in ion and photon detection are
discussed.


title:
Velocity-selective resonance dips in the probe absorption spectra of Rb
  D2 transitions induced by a pump laser

abstract:
  We report experimental observation of velocity-selective resonances in the
Doppler-broadened probe absorption spectra of 85Rb and 87Rb D2 transitions in
the presence of a strong copropagating pump laser locked to a frequency within
the Doppler profile of the transition. The set of three dips having the
separation of allowed hyperfine transitions can be moved along the Doppler
profile by tuning the pump laser frequency indicating a resonance between the
pump laser frequency and the velocity shifted probe laser frequency.


title: MaxEnt assisted MaxLik tomography

abstract:
  Maximum likelihood estimation is a valuable tool often applied to inverse
problems in quantum theory. Estimation from small data sets can, however, have
non unique solutions. We discuss this problem and propose to use Jaynes maximum
entropy principle to single out the most unbiased maximum-likelihood guess.


title: Excitons in hexagonal nanonetwork materials

abstract:
  Optical excitations in hexagonal nanonetwork materials, for example,
Boron-Nitride (BN) sheets and nanotubes, are investigated theoretically. A
permanent electric dipole moment, whose direction is from the B site to the N
site, is considered along the BN bond. When the exciton hopping integral is
restricted to the nearest neighbors, the flat band of the exciton appears at
the lowest energy. The symmetry of this exciton band is optically forbidden,
indicating that the excitons relaxed to this band will show quite long lifetime
which will cause luminescence properties.

categories: physics.optics cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.str-el physics.chem-ph quant-ph


title:
Partial sums and optimal shifts in shifted large-L perturbation
  expansions for quasi-exact potentials

abstract:
  Exact solvability (typically, of harmonic oscillators) in quantum mechanics
usually implies an elementary form of the spectrum while in all the
"next-to-solvable" models, the energies E are only available in an implicit
form (typically, as eigenvalues of an N-dimensional matrix). We demonstrate
here that certain echoes of the unattainable harmonic-oscillator ideal may
still survive in the latter (often called quasi-exact) cases exemplified here
by the popular sextic anharmonic oscillator. In particular we show that
whenever the spatial dimension D (or, equivalently, angular momentum L) happens
to be "sufficiently" large, the surprisingly compact semi-explicit energies E
remain available. In detail, using the Rayleigh-Schr\"{o}dinger perturbation
theory in its appropriate "shifted-L" version we observe that: (1) all the k-th
order approximants $E_k$ remain defined in integer arithmetics (i.e., without
any errors); (2) an optimal auxiliary N-dependent shift $\beta(N)$ of L exists
and is unique; (3) the resulting perturbative E degenerates to the series in
powers of $1/[L+\beta(N)]^2$; (4) a certain optimal Pade re-summation formulae
exist and possess a generic branched-continued-fraction structure.


title: Shaping Current Waveforms for direct Modulation of Semiconductor Lasers

abstract:
  We demonstrate a technique for shaping current inputs for the direct
modulation of a semiconductor laser for digital communication. The introduction
of shaped current inputs allows for the suppression of relaxation oscillations
and the avoidance of dynamical memory in the physical laser device, i.e., the
output will not be influenced by previously communicated information. On the
example of time-optimized bits, the possible performance enhancement for high
data rate communications is shown numerically.


title:
A Dynamic alpha Model for the Lagrangian Averaged Navier-Stokes-alpha
  Equations

abstract: This paper has been withdrawn by the authors for adding some results.


title: Time-dependent electron localization function

abstract:
  In this article we present a generalization of the electron localization
function (ELF) that can be used to analyze time-dependent processes. The
time-dependent ELF allows the time-resolved observation of the formation, the
modulation, and the breaking of chemical bonds, and can thus provide a visual
understanding of complex reactions involving the dynamics of excited electrons.
We illustrate the usefulness of the time-dependent ELF by two examples: the
pi-pi* transition induced by a laser field, and the destruction of bonds and
formation of lone pairs in a scattering process.


title: Beatwave Excitation of Plasma Waves Based on Relativistic Bi-Stability

abstract:
  A nonlinear beatwave regime of plasma wave excitation is considered. Two
beatwave drivers are considered: intensity-modulated laser pulse and
density-modulated (microbunched) electron beam. It is shown that a long
beatwave pulse can excite strong plasma waves in its wake even when the
beatwave frequency is detuned from the electron plasma frequency. The wake is
caused by the dynamic bi-stability of the nonlinear plasma wave if the beatwave
amplitude exceeds the analytically calculated threshold. In the context of a
microbunched beam driven plasma wakefield accelerator, this excitation regime
can be applied to developing a femtosecond electron injector.


title:
Statistical properties of acoustic emission signals from metal cutting
  processes

abstract:
  Acoustic Emission (AE) data from single point turning machining are analysed
in this paper in order to gain a greater insight of the signal statistical
properties for Tool Condition Monitoring (TCM) applications. A statistical
analysis of the time series data amplitude and root mean square (RMS) value at
various tool wear levels are performed, �nding that ageing features can
be revealed in all cases from the observed experimental histograms. In
particular, AE data amplitudes are shown to be distributed with a power-law
behaviour above a cross-over value. An analytic model for the RMS values
probability density function (pdf) is obtained resorting to the Jaynes' maximum
entropy principle (MEp); novel technique of constraining the modelling function
under few fractional moments, instead of a greater amount of ordinary moments,
leads to well-tailored functions for experimental histograms.


title:
Modifications of the Dielectric Properties of Biological Membranes by
  Heating

abstract:
  Biological cell suspensions are known to show dielectric dispersions due to
the Maxwell-Wagner mechanism. Many examples are summarized in a number of
papers by Schwan [7, 9, 10]. By the application of an appropriate analysis to
the dielectric dispersion, it is possible to estimate electrical phase
parameters related to protoplasm and cell membrane. A dielectric theory of
interfacial polarization for a suspension of conducting particles (protoplasm)
covered with poorly conducting shells (plasma membrane) was developed by Pauly
and Schwan [7], and was satisfactory applied for low volume fractions of
suspended particles (less than about 0.2). The purpose of this paper is to
examine the change in yeast plasma membrane permittivity after heating
treatment, by using the Pauly and Schwan's theory.


title: Frozen water waves over rough topographical bottoms

abstract:
  The propagation of surface water waves over rough topographical bottoms is
investigated by the multiple scattering theory. It is shown that the waves can
be localized spatially through the process of multiple scattering and wave
interference, a peculiar wave phenomenon which has been previously discussed
for frozen light in optical systems (S. John, Nature {\bf 390}, 661, (1997)).
We demonstrate that when frozen, the transmission of the waves falls off
exponentially, and a cooperative behavior appears, fully supporting previous
predictions. A phase diagram method is used to illustrate this distinct phase
states in the wave propagation.


title:
QED Calculation of E1M1 and E1E2 Transition Probabilities in
  One-Electron Ions with Arbitrary Nuclear Charge

abstract:
  The quantum electrodynamical theory of the two-photon transitions in
hydrogenlike ions is presented. The emission probability for 2s1/2 -> 2E1+1s1/2
transitions is calculated and compared to the results of the previous
calculations. The emission probabilities 2p12 -> E1E2+1s1/2 and 2p1/2 ->
E1M1+1s1/2 are also calculated for the nuclear charge Z values 1-100. This is
the first calculation of the two latter probabilities. The results are given in
two different gauges.


title: Scalar ether theory of gravity: a modification that seems needed

abstract:
  The construction of the scalar theory based on the concept of gravity as
Archimedes' thrust is briefly summarized, emphasizing the two (extreme)
possibilities that result from this concept for the gravitational rod
contraction: it can either occur in only one direction, or be isotropic. A
modified equation for the scalar field is stated for the new, isotropic case.
The reasons to consider this case are: i) it is almost as natural as the other
case, and ii) it should avoid the violation of the weak equivalence principle,
found for a small extended body with the directional contraction. The dynamical
equation stays unchanged.


title: Considerations on Classical and Quantum Bits

abstract:
  This article is a short review on the concept of information. We show the
strong relation between Information Theory and Physics, beginning by the
concept of bit and its representation with classical physical systems, and then
going to the concept of quantum bit (the so-called ``qubit'') and exposing some
differences and similarities. This paper is intended to be read by
non-specialists and undergraduate students of Computer Science, Mathematics and
Physics, with knowledge of Linear Algebra and Quantum Mechanics.


title: An Introduction to Logical Operations on Classical and Quantum Bits

abstract:
  This article is a short review on the concept of information. We show the
strong relation between Information Theory and Physics, and the differences
between classical and quantum information, with emphasis in their manipulation
through logical gates. This paper is intended to be read by non-specialists and
undergraduate students of Computer Science, Mathematics and Physics, with
knowledge in Linear Algebra and Quantum Mechanics.


title:
Phase-preserving chirped-pulse optical parametric amplification to 17.3
  fs directly from a Ti:Sapphire oscillator

abstract:
  Phase-stabilized 12-fs, 1-nJ pulses from a commercial Ti:sapphire oscillator
are directly amplified in a chirped-pulse optical parametric amplifier and
recompressed to yield near-transform-limited 17.3-fs pulses. The amplification
process is demonstrated to be phase preserving and leads to 85-uJ,
carrier-envelope-offset phase-locked pulses at 1 kHz for 0.9 mJ of pump,
corresponding to a single-pass gain of 8.5 x 10^4.


title: The non-Abelian state-dependent gauge field in optics

abstract:
  The covariant formulation of the quantum dynamics in CP(1) should lead to the
observable geometrodynamical effects for the local dynamical variable of the
light polarization states.


title: Focusing of Parametric X-ray Radiation from a Bent Crystal

abstract:
  An idea of producing a focused parametric X-ray radiation (PXR) is presented.
The PXR is emitted by relativistic charged particles channeling along a bent
crystal. Then the PXR emitted from the whole length of the bent crystal is
going to the focus. Some properties of focused PXR are estimated for typical
experimental conditions and possible applications are discussed. The experiment
for observation of focused PXR is proposed.


title:
A Liouville equation for systems which exchange particles with
  reservoirs: transport through a nano-device

abstract:
  A Redfield-like Liouville equation for an open system that couples to one or
more leads and exchanges particles with them is derived. The equation is
presented for a general case. A case study of time-dependent transport through
a single quantum level for varying electrostatic and chemical potentials in the
leads is presented. For the case of varying electrostatic potentials the
proposed equation yields, for the model study, the results of an exact
solution.


title: Linear Momentum Density in Quasistatic Electromagnetic Systems

abstract:
  We discuss a couple of simple quasistatic electromagnetic systems in which
the density of electromagnetic linear momentum can be easily computed. The
examples are also used to illustrate how the total electromagnetic linear
momentum, which may also be calculated by using the vector potential, can be
understood as a consequence of the violation of the action-reaction principle,
because a non-null external force is required to maintain constant the
mechanical linear momentum. We show how one can avoid the divergence in the
interaction linear electromagnetic momentum of a system composed by an
idealization often used in textbooks (an infinite straight current) and a point
charge.


title:
Space charge limited flow of a thin electron beam confined by a strong
  magnetic field

abstract:
  An approximate analytic theory is developed and implemented numerically for
calculating the space charge limited current and electric field of a thin
cylindrical beam or current sheet between two wide parallel electrodes. The
flow is confined by a sufficiently strong magnetic field. Assuming that the
potential and current density are almost homogeneous in the direction
transversal to the flow we compute the beam current and profile by a
variational method. We find that the average current density scales as the
reciprocal of the beam width when the latter becomes very small. The total
cylindrical beam current thus decreases proportionly to its diameter while the
total current of a sheet becomes almost independent of the width in this
regime.


title:
The coherent synchrotron radiation influence on the storage ring
  longitudinal beam dynamics

abstract:
  We investigate influence on the storage ring beam dynamics of the coherent
Synchrotron Radiation (SR) self fields produced by an electron bunch. We show
that the maximum energy gain in the RF cavity must far exceed the energy loss
of electrons due to the coherent SR.


title:
On violation of the Robinson's damping criterion and enhanced cooling of
  ion, electron and muon beams in storage rings

abstract:
  Limits of applicability of the Robinson's damping criterion and the problem
of enhanced cooling of particle beams in storage rings beyond the criterion are
discussed.


title:
Stretched chemical bonds in Si6H6: A transition from ring currents to
  localized pi-electrons?

abstract:
  Motivated by solid-state studies on the cleavage force in Si, and the
consequent stretching of chemical bonds, we here study bond stretching in the,
as yet unsynthesized, free space molecule Si6H6. We address the question as to
whether substantial bond stretching (but constrained to uniform scaling on all
bonds) can result in a transition from ring current behaviour, characteristic
say of benzene at its equilibrium geometry, to localized pi-electrons on Si
atoms. Some calculations are also recorded on dissociation into 6 SiH radicals.
While the main studies have been carried out by unrestricted Hartree-Fock (HF)
theory, the influence of electron correlation has been examined using two forms
of density functional theory. Planar Si6H6 treated by HF is bound to be
unstable, not all vibrational frequencies being real. Some buckling is then
allowed, which results in real frequencies and stability. Evidence is then
provided that the non-planar structure, as the Si-Si distance is increased,
exhibits pi-electron localization in the range 1.2-1.5 times the equilibrium
distance.


title:
Equilibrium geometries of low-lying isomers of some Li clusters, within
  Hartree-Fock theory plus bond order or MP2 correlation corrections

abstract:
  In a recent study by Kornath et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 118 (2003) 6957], the
Li_n clusters with n=2, 4 and 8 have been isolated in argon matrices at 15 K
and characterized by Raman spectroscopy. This has prompted us to carry out a
theoretical study on such clusters up to n=10, using Hartree-Fock theory, plus
low-order Moeller-Plesset perturbation corrections. To check against the above
study of Kornath et al., as a by-product we have made the same approximations
for n=6 and 8 as we have for n=10. This has led us to emphasize trends with n
through the Li_n clusters for (i) ground-state energy, (ii) HOMO-LUMO energy
gap, (iii) dissociation energy, and (iv) Hartree-Fock eigenvalue sum. The role
of electron correlation in distinguishing between low-lying isomers is plainly
crucial, and will need a combination of experiment and theory to obtain
decisive results such as that of Kornath et al. for Li_8. In particular, it is
shown that Hartree-Fock theory plus bond order correlations does account for
the experimentally observed symmetry T_d symmetry for Li_8.


title:
Theoretical Study of Quantum Scattering Processes for Diatomic Hydrogen
  $(^{2}S)$ and Oxygen $(^{3}P)$ Complex

abstract:
  We present a quantum mechanical study of the diatomic hydrogen $H(^{2}S)$ and
oxygen $O(^{3}P)$ collision and energy transfer for its four molecular symmetry
$(X^{2}\Pi, ^{2}\Sigma^{-}, ^{4}\Pi, ^{4}\Sigma^{-})$, which is important for
the investigation of many processes of astrophysical and chemical interests
including the one on molecular cooling, trapping or Bose-Einstein condensation.
We compute the rovibrational spectra for the $(X^{2}\Pi)$ state and the
resulting bound states are in an excellent agreement with experimental data for
the energy range lower than the dissociation threshold. We calculate the phase
shifts of its partial-waves, the total cross section, and the differential
cross section. They are all well-structured because of the shape of its
potential curve. We do the similar studies for the other three dissociative
states $(^{2}\Sigma^{-}, ^{4}\Pi, ^{4}\Sigma^{-})$. Finally, we have also
decided the thermal rate coefficients for the hydrogen and oxygen collision for
its four individual states.


title: Quantum theory of human communication

abstract:
  We use notions and techniques of Quantum Field Theory to formulate and
investigate basic concepts and mechanisms of human communication. We start with
attitudes which correspond to photons frequencies, then we introduce
states-of-mind which correspond to wave functions. Finally, by way of the
second quantization, we come to states-of-opinions which correspond to states
of quantized radiation fields. In the present paper we shall only investigate
superpositions of pairs of coherent states (e.g. the government and the
opposition in a democratic country).


title: A New Quantum Ring Emitter of Anti-Whispering Gallery Modes

abstract:
  We have observed for the first time a new photonic quantum ring emission of
anti-whispering gallery modes from a negative mesa-type toroid cavity due to
semiconductor photonic corrals.


title: A comparison of incompressible limits for resistive plasmas

abstract:
  The constraint of incompressibility is often used to simplify the
magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) description of linearized plasma dynamics because it
does not affect the ideal MHD marginal stability point. In this paper two
methods for introducing incompressibility are compared in a cylindrical plasma
model: In the first method, the limit $\gamma \to \infty$ is taken, where
$\gamma$ is the ratio of specific heats; in the second, an anisotropic mass
tensor $\mathbf{\rho}$ is used, with the component parallel to the magnetic
field taken to vanish, $\rho_{\parallel} \to 0$. Use of resistive MHD reveals
the nature of these two limits because the Alfv\'en and slow magnetosonic
continua of ideal MHD are converted to point spectra and moved into the complex
plane. Both limits profoundly change the slow-magnetosonic spectrum, but only
the second limit faithfully reproduces the resistive Alfv\'en spectrum and its
wavemodes. In ideal MHD, the slow magnetosonic continuum degenerates to the
Alfv\'en continuum in the first method, while it is moved to infinity by the
second. The degeneracy in the first is broken by finite resistivity. For
numerical and semi-analytical study of these models, we choose plasma
equilibria which cast light on puzzling aspects of results found in earlier
literature.


title:
Energy losses and efficiency of laser - electron X-ray generator for
  medical applications

abstract:
  A source of medical x-rays based on a 50 Mev storage ring and a
quasi-continues picosecond laser is considered. It is shown that such generator
produces useful X-ray flux with higher average power and higher efficiency than
that of conventional X-ray tubes. The main energy losses are related to
coherent synchrotron radiation. Taking this into account the required
parameters of the storage ring and injector are determined.


title: Infrared electron modes in light deformed clusters

abstract:
  Infrared quadrupole modes (IRQM) of the valence electrons in light deformed
sodium clusters are studied by means of the time-dependent local-density
approximation (TDLDA). IRQM are classified by angular momentum components
$\lambda\mu =$20, 21 and 22 whose $\mu$ branches are separated by cluster
deformation. In light clusters with a low spectral density, IRQM are
unambiguously related to specific electron-hole excitations, thus giving access
to the single-electron spectrum near the Fermi surface (HOMO-LUMO region). Most
of IRQM are determined by cluster deformation and so can serve as a sensitive
probe of the deformation effects in the mean field. The IRQM branch $\lambda\mu
=$21 is coupled with the magnetic scissors mode, which gives a chance to detect
the latter. We discuss two-photon processes, Raman scattering (RS), stimulated
emission pumping (SEP), and stimulated adiabatic Raman passage (STIRAP), as the
relevant tools to observe IRQM. A new method to detect the IRQM population in
clusters is proposed.


title: About the Mulliken Electronegativity in DFT

abstract:
  In the framework of density functional theory a new formulation of
electronegativity that recovers the Mulliken definition is proposed and its
reliability is checked by computing electronegativity values for a large number
of elements. It is found that the obtained values, which are compared with
previously proposed electronegativity scales, fulfill the main periodic
criteria.


title: Physics Education Research: Or it's so hard to find good help these days

abstract:
  Physics education research (PER) aims to improve how students solve problems.
But whose problems are we teaching students to solve? Physics has grown up as a
child of war, and PER stems from the cognitive revolution in psychology, which
arose from military needs and funding. Physics, PER, and state power are
allies. By improving physics teaching, we arm the state against ourselves and
move farther from a peaceful and humane world.


title:
The resemblances in mathematical structures between the optical
  constants of artificial electromagnetic media and some physical phenomena in
  field theory

abstract:
  This paper demonstrates that there is much similarity in the mathematical
formalisms between the optical constants of artificial electromagnetic media
(such as chiral media, left-handed media, photonic crystals and EIT media) and
some physical phenomena in field theory, including general relativity, quantum
mechanics, energy band theory, etc. The significance of such comparisons lies
in that: (i) the unification in mathematical descriptions shows that many
physical phenomena and effects, which seem to have no connections between them,
actually share almost the same mathematical structures; (ii) it can provide
clue to us on suggesting more new effects which is similar in mathematical
descriptions to the familiar phenomena in other areas.


title: Goodness-of-fit tests in many dimensions

abstract:
  A method is presented to construct goodness-of-fit statistics in many
dimensions for which the distribution of all possible test results in the limit
of an infinite number of data becomes Gaussian if also the number of dimensions
becomes infinite. Furthermore, an explicit example is presented, for which this
distribution as good as only depends on the expectation value and the variance
of the statistic for any dimension larger than one.


title: Extending Granger causality to nonlinear systems

abstract:
  We consider extension of Granger causality to nonlinear bivariate time
series. In this frame, if the prediction error of the first time series is
reduced by including measurements from the second time series, then the second
time series is said to have a causal influence on the first one. Not all the
nonlinear prediction schemes are suitable to evaluate causality, indeed not all
of them allow to quantify how much the knowledge of the other time series
counts to improve prediction error. We present a novel approach with bivariate
time series modelled by a generalization of radial basis functions and show its
application to a pair of unidirectionally coupled chaotic maps and to a
physiological example.


title:
Bloch oscillations of ultracold atoms: a tool for a metrological
  determination of $h/m_{Rb}$

abstract:
  We use Bloch oscillations in a horizontal moving standing wave to transfer a
large number of photon recoils to atoms with a high efficiency (99.5% per
cycle). By measuring the photon recoil of $^{87}Rb$, using velocity selective
Raman transitions to select a subrecoil velocity class and to measure the final
accelerated velocity class, we have determined $h/m_{Rb}$ with a relative
precision of 0.4 ppm. To exploit the high momentum transfer efficiency of our
method, we are developing a vertical standing wave set-up. This will allow us
to measure $h/m_{Rb}$ better than $10^{-8}$ and hence the fine structure
constant $\alpha$ with an uncertainty close to the most accurate value coming
from the ($g-2$) determination.


title:
On the role of coupling in mode selective excitation using ultrafast
  pulse shaping in stimulated Raman spectroscopy

abstract:
  The coherence of two, coupled two-level systems, representing vibrational
modes in a semiclassical model, is calculated in weak and strong fields for
various coupling schemes and for different relative phases between initial
state amplitudes. A relative phase equal to $\pi$ projects the system into a
dark state. The selective excitation of one of the two, two-level systems is
studied as a function of coupling strength and initial phases.


title: Physical Properties of Sulfur Near the Polymerization Transition

abstract:
  Acoustical measurements, electron spin resonance, and Raman spectroscopy have
been employed to probe sulfur over the temperature range 80 to 180 C, which
includes the polymerization transition and the supercooled liquid state.
Acoustical properties (sound velocity, absorption and impedance) have been
studied with both longitudinal and transverse waves at frequencies between 500
kHz and 22 MHz. The results confirm that polymeric sulfur is a solution of long
chain molecules in monomeric solvent, and that the polymerization transition is
not a second order phase transition, as was proposed theoretically. Sulfur is a
viscous liquid, but not viscoelastic, both below and above the polymerization
transition temperature. It is shown that the classical Navier-Stokes theory is
not applicable to the sound absorption in liquid sulfur in the highly viscous
state.