title: Science: A Solid Whole

abstract:
  However, the observations encompassed by classical physics excludes the
observer from the physical reality, yet the deep-down understandung of nature
--{\it the quantum theory}-- can not avoid the intrusion of observer into the
measurement process. Indeed, the quantum physics experiments have knocked the
door of a new paradigm: in which science of consciousness is an important
axiom. In the present work, it is argued --by taking into account of the views
of learned scientists and philosophers-- that modern science is incomplete and
lacking something in the basic understanding of nature \cite{r}. Classical
physics has failed to explain the dynamics of the microscopic particles,
eventhough modern scientific researches are based upon the prejudice posed by
classical physics: keeping the outer physical universe as a separate entity,
that is something quite independent of the observer --human mind. One should
not forget that human-being is a part of nature and human mind is an essential
component of our observations. Basically, it is the observer --the
consciousness-- which makes perception possible. The working of human mind must
be included in our scientific theories. In fact, human free will is an illusion
and nothing in the entire universe (with life) lies outside the domain of
science and determinism.


title:
The Flowing System Gasdynamics Part 1: On static head in the pipe
  flowing element

abstract:
  The solution of problem on distribution of static head along the pipe flowing
element is submitted. The solution is reached on the basis of consideration of
contact interaction of gas and liquid stream with the wall of the pipe flowing
element. The expression for distribution of static head along the pipe flowing
element is obtained on the basis of usage of three fundamental laws in fluid
dynamics: Torricelli formula, Weissbach-Darcy formula and Bernoulli equation.
The general solution is obtained for a gas stream. The special case of the
obtained solution is retrieved for liquid stream.


title: Large Scale Features of Rotating Forced Turbulence

abstract:
  Large scale features of a randomly isotropically forced incompressible and
unbounded rotating fluid are examined in perturbation theory. At first order in
both the random force amplitude and the angular velocity we find two types of
modifications to the fluid equation of motion. The first correction transforms
the molecular shear viscosity into a (rotation independent) effective
viscosity. The second perturbative correction leads to a new large scale
non-dissipative force proportional to the fluid angular velocity in the slow
rotation regime. This effective force does no net work and alters the
dispersion relation of inertial waves propagating in the fluid. Both
dynamically generated corrections can be identified with certain components of
the most general axisymmetric ``viscosity tensor'' for a Newtonian fluid.

categories: physics.flu-dyn astro-ph cond-mat nlin.CD


title: Autoregulation of the total number of cells in culture

abstract:
  According to the universally accepted concept of the development of life on
the Earth, multicellular organisms initially emerged as a result of either the
union of identical unicellular organisms with the following functional
differentiation, or the union of symbionts, in which there already was a
certain simple functional separation. However, in either case the progenitors
of multicellular organisms were ensembles, communities of unicellular
organisms. For a certain number of unicellular organisms to be treated as an
ensemble, there must be some interconnection between its members. Colonies of
mechanically connected unicellular organisms were a later, more advanced stage;
here, unicellular organisms living separately are considered. Such
interconnection must, in particular, limit from above the total numbers of the
members of the ensemble, because an excessive increase in these numbers could
disturb the connections between members of the ensemble to the extent of its
destruction. In addition, too large numbers of members in the ensemble could
lead to nutrient depletion in its habitat. One can assume that such
interconnection between unicellular organisms was evolutionarily developed and
genetically fixed. I assumed that modern unicellular organisms retain such an
ability to regulate their total numbers. The validity of this assumption was
tested in experiments, whose results are presented in this paper.


title:
Calculation of the Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Impedance from a
  Wiggler

abstract:
  Most studies of Coherent Synchrotron Radiation (CSR) have only considered the
radiation from independent dipole magnets. However, in the damping rings of
future linear colliders, a large fraction of the radiation power will be
emitted in damping wigglers. In this paper, the longitudinal wakefield and
impedance due to CSR in a wiggler are derived in the limit of a large wiggler
parameter $K$. After an appropriate scaling, the results can be expressed in
terms of universal functions, which are independent of $K$. Analytical
asymptotic results are obtained for the wakefield in the limit of large and
small distances, and for the impedance in the limit of small and high
frequencies.


title: Particles and Shells

abstract:
  The current understanding of particle masses in terms of quarks and their
binding energy is not satisfactory. Both in atoms and in nuclei the organizing
principle of stability is the shell structure, while this does not seem to play
any role for particles. In order to explore the possibility that shells might
also be relevant at this inner level of aggregation, atomic and nuclear
stability are expressed by "stablines", alignments of the 1/3 power of the
total number of constituents of the most stable configurations. Could similar
patterns be found in the particle spectrum? By analyzing the distribution of
particle lifetimes as a function of mass, stability peaks are recognized for
mesons and for baryons and indeed the cube roots of their masses follow two
distinct stablines. Such alignments would be a strong indication that the
particles themselves are shell structured assuming only that each constituent
contributes a constant amount to the total mass. This is incompatible with the
prevalent view that the partons--real physical constituents seen in
deep-inelastic scattering experiments--are the quarks. The mass of the Bc
predicted by interpolation with the meson stabline is 7.4 +/-0.2 GeV. On the
baryon stabline new baryon states are predicted at 3.9 and 7.6 GeV.


title: Treatment of skin deseases in humans by a new method

abstract:
  The original method of treatment of various pathological processes in human
skin covers is described. The method has a brightly expressed differential
action: destroying pathologic cells it does not render any influence on healthy
cells. The examples of application of a method for treatment of some kinds of
skin pathologies are given.


title:
Mini-Conference on Hamiltonian and Lagrangian Methods in Fluid and
  Plasma Physics

abstract:
  A mini-conference on Hamiltonian and Lagrangian methods in fluid and plasma
physics was held on November 14, 2002, as part of the 44th meeting of the
Division of Plasma Physics of the American Physical Society. This paper
summarizes the material presented during the talks scheduled during the
Mini-Conference, which was held to honor Allan Kaufman on the occasion of his
75th birthday.


title: To the problem of modeling of the gravitation and time

abstract:
  Five-dimensional model of space-time (anti-de-Sitter space), described within
the dodecahedron symmetry is offered in the article. According to the offered
model graviton is the double five-dimensional vortex (soliton) that provides
its stability and allows it to unite the Universe. The interaction between
graviton and particles of the Universe stipulates the discrete current of time.
The size of a quantum of time $\Delta t \approx 10 {}^{-103}$ seconds has been
evaluated. Wave properties of the mass particles follow from the model.


title: Babylonian and Indian Astronomy: Early Connections

abstract:
  Did the Indian and Babylonian astronomy evolve in isolation, was there mutual
influence, or was one dependent on the other? Scholars have debated these
questions for more than two centuries, and opinion has swung one way or the
other with time. The similarities between the two systems that have been
investigated are: the use of 30 divisions of the lunar month; the 360 divisions
of the civil year; the length of the year; and the solar zodiac. Some have
wondered if the Babylonian planetary tables might have played a role in the
theories of the siddhantas. I shall in this essay go over the essentials of the
early Indian and Babylonian astronomy and summarize the latest views on the
relationship between them. I shall show that the key ideas found in the
Babylonian astronomy of 700 BC are already present in the Vedic texts, which
even by the most conservative reckoning are centuries older than this period. I
shall also show that the solar zodiac (rashis) was used in Vedic India and I
shall present a plausible derivation of the symbols of the solar zodiac from
the deities of the lunar segments. This does not mean that the Babylonian
astronomy and astrology is derived from the Indian tradition. If at all there
was borrowing, that was restricted to the most general ideas only. The nature
of Indian and Babylonian astronomical methods is quite different. I propose
that it is most likely that Babylonian astronomy emerged independently.


title: Dynamics of Turing patterns under spatio-temporal forcing

abstract:
  We study, both theoretically and experimentally, the dynamical response of
Turing patterns to a spatio-temporal forcing in the form of a travelling wave
modulation of a control parameter. We show that from strictly spatial
resonance, it is possible to induce new, generic dynamical behaviors, including
temporally-modulated travelling waves and localized travelling soliton-like
solutions. The latter make contact with the soliton solutions of P. Coullet
Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 56}, 724 (1986) and provide a general framework which
includes them. The stability diagram for the different propagating modes in the
Lengyel-Epstein model is determined numerically. Direct observations of the
predicted solutions in experiments carried out with light modulations in the
photosensitive CDIMA reaction are also reported.


title:
A Novel Photonic Material for Designing Arbitrarily Shaped Waveguides in
  Two Dimensions

abstract:
  We investigate numerically optical properties of novel two-dimensional
photonic materials where parallel dielectric rods are randomly placed with the
restriction that the distance between rods is larger than a certain value. A
large complete photonic gap (PG) is found when rods have sufficient density and
dielectric contrast. Our result shows that neither long-range nor short-range
order is an essential prerequisite to the formation of PGs. A universal
principle is proposed for designing arbitrarily shaped waveguides, where
waveguides are fenced with side walls of periodic rods and surrounded by the
novel photonic materials. We observe highly efficient transmission of light for
various waveguides. Due to structural uniformity, the novel photonic materials
are best suited for filling up the outer region of waveguides of arbitrary
shape and dimension comparable with the wavelength.


title: Optics of Nanostructured Fractal Silver Colloids

abstract:
  Based on the theory of the optical properties of fractal clusters, which is
an operator-based modification of the coupled-dipole method, an alternate
solution is proposed for the problem of adequately describing the evolution of
optical spectra of any polydisperse silver colloid with particles falling
within the range of most characteristic sizes (5 - 30 nm). This is the range
over which the results of the application of the well-known methods of
classical electrodynamics, including the Mie theory, disagree with experimental
data. The effect of variation of the parameters of such media on optical
spectra is studied by a numerical simulation, which accounts for particle
electrodynamic dipole-dipole interactions. Indeed, such interactions are shown
to be a key factor in determining the broadening of the sol absorption spectra
during the course of fractal aggregation. A quantitative explanation is given
for the reasons for the appearance of individual specific features in the
contours of the spectral absorption of different types of silver colloids.


title: Bessel-Gauss beam optical resonator

abstract:
  In a simple picture, a Bessel beam is viewed as a transverse standing wave
formed in the interference region between incoming and outgoing conical waves.
Based on this interpretation we propose an optical resonator that supports
modes that are approximations to Bessel-Gauss beams. The Fox-Li algorithm in
two transverse dimension is applied to confirm the conlcusion


title:
The spectral and polarization characteristics of the nonspherically
  decaying radiation generated by polarization currents with superluminally
  rotating distribution patterns

abstract:
  We present a theoretical study of the emission from a superluminal
polarization current whose distribution pattern rotates (with an angular
frequency $\omega$) and oscillates (with a frequency $\Omega $) at the same
time, and which comprises both poloidal and toroidal components. This type of
polarization current is found in recent practical machines designed to
investigate superluminal emission. We find that the superluminal motion of the
distribution pattern of the emitting current generates localized
electromagnetic waves that do not decay spherically, i.e. that do not have an
intensity diminishing like ${R_P}^{-2}$ with the distance $R_P$ from their
source. The nonspherical decay of the focused wave packets that are emitted by
the polarization currents does not contravene conservation of energy: the
constructive interference of the constituent waves of such propagating caustics
takes place within different solid angles on spheres of different radii ($R_P$)
centred on the source. For a polarization current whose longitudinal
distribution (over an azimuthal interval of length $2\pi$) consists of $m$
cycles of a sinusoidal wave train, the nonspherically decaying part of the
emitted radiation contains the frequencies $\Omega \pm m\omega$; i.e. it
contains {\it only} the frequencies involved in the creation and implementation
of the source. This is in contrast to recent studies of the spherically
decaying emission, which was shown to contain much higher frequencies. The
polarization of the emitted radiation is found to be linear for most
configurations of the source.


title:
Multiply subtractive Kramers-Kroenig relations for arbitrary-order
  harmonic generation susceptibilities

abstract:
  Kramers-Kroenig (K-K) analysis of harmonic generation optical data is usually
greatly limited by the technical inability to measure data over a wide spectral
range. Data inversion for real and imaginary part of $\chi^{n}(n\omega; \omega,
>... ,\omega)$ can be more efficiently performed if the knowledge of one of the
two parts of the susceptibility in a finite spectral range is supplemented with
a single measurement of the other part for a given frequency. Then it is
possible to perform data inversion using only measured data and subtractive K-K
relations. In this paper multiply subtractive K-K relations are, for the first
time, presented for the nonlinear harmonic generation susceptibilities. The
applicability of the singly subtractive K-K relations are shown using data for
third-order harmonic generation susceptibility of polysilane.

categories: physics.optics cond-mat.mtrl-sci physics.atom-ph physics.chem-ph


title: Event-Driven Molecular Dynamics in Parallel

abstract:
  Although event-driven algorithms have been shown to be far more efficient
than time-driven methods such as conventional molecular dynamics, they have not
become as popular. The main obstacle seems to be the difficulty of
parallelizing event-driven molecular dynamics. Several basic ideas have been
discussed in recent years, but to our knowledge no complete implementation has
been published yet. In this paper we present a parallel event-driven algorithm
including dynamic load-balancing, which can be easily implemented on any
computer architecture. To simplify matters our explanations refer to a basic
multi-particle system of hard spheres, but can be extended easily to a wide
variety of possible models.


title:
Oscillator damping with more than one mechanism of internal friction
  dissipation

abstract:
  The author's modified Coulomb damping model has been generalized to
accommodate internal friction that derives from several dissipation mechanisms
acting simultaneously. Because of its fundamental nonlinear nature, internal
friction damping causes the quality factor Q of an oscillator in free-decay to
change in time. Examples are given which demonstrate reasonable agreement
between theory and experiment.


title: Critically-bound four-body molecules

abstract:
  The $(p,d,\bar{p},\bar{d})$ molecule, with a proton, a deuteron and their
antiparticles, is stable againt spontaneous dissociation, but none of its
three-body subsystems are stable. This molecule should be built by combining
two atoms, for instance a protonium $(p\bar{p})$ and its heavier analogue
$(d\bar{d})$. Most other four-body molecules have at least one stable
three-body subsystem and thus can be built by adding the constituents one by
one.


title: Quantum Zeno Features of Bistable Perception

abstract:
  A generalized quantum theoretical framework, not restricted to the validity
domain of standard quantum physics, is used to model the dynamics of the
bistable perception of ambiguous visual stimuli. The central idea is to treat
the perception process in terms of the evolution of an unstable two-state
quantum system, yielding a quantum Zeno type of effect. A quantitative relation
between the involved time scales is theoretically derived. This relation is
found to be satisfied by empirically obtained cognitive time scales relevant
for bistable perception.


title: Lienard-Wiechert Potentials for Model of Extended Space

abstract:
  In the extended (1 + 4) -dimensional space (T;X,Y,Z,S)-(time-space-interval)
it is considered a model joining electromagnetic and gravitational fields. For
the equations circumscribing these fields, the exact solutions appropriated to
dot moving sources are found. Such solutions express through potentials
Lienard-Wiechert in the extended space. Their properties are analyzed.


title: Using data assimilation in laboratory experiments of geophysical flows

abstract:
  Data assimilation is used in numerical simulations of laboratory experiments
in a stratified, rotating fluid. The experiments are performed on the large
Coriolis turntable (Grenoble, France), which achieves a high degree of
similarity with the ocean, and the simulations are performed with a two-layer
shallow water model. Since the flow is measured with a high level of precision
and resolution, a detailed analysis of a forecasting system is feasible. Such a
task is much more difficult to undertake at the oceanic scale because of the
paucity of observations and problems of accuracy and data sampling. This opens
the way to an experimental test bed for operational oceanography. To illustrate
this, some results on the baroclinic instability of a two-layer vortex are
presented.


title:
Tracing a planet's orbit with a straight hedge and a compass with the
  help of the hodograph and the Hamilton vector

abstract:
  We describe a geometrical method for tracing a planet's orbit using its
velocity hodograph, that is, the path of the planet's velocity. The method
requires only a straight edge, a compass, and the help of the hodograph. We
also obtain analitically the hodograph and some of the features of the motion
that can be obtained from it.


title:
Anisotropic coarse-grained statistical potentials improve the ability to
  identify native-like protein structures

abstract:
  We present a new method to extract distance and orientation dependent
potentials between amino acid side chains using a database of protein
structures and the standard Boltzmann device. The importance of orientation
dependent interactions is first established by computing orientational order
parameters for proteins with alpha-helical and beta-sheet architecture.
Extraction of the anisotropic interactions requires defining local reference
frames for each amino acid that uniquely determine the coordinates of the
neighboring residues. Using the local reference frames and histograms of the
radial and angular correlation functions for a standard set of non-homologue
protein structures, we construct the anisotropic pair potentials. The
performance of the orientation dependent potentials was studied using a large
database of decoy proteins. The results demonstrate that the new distance and
orientation dependent residue-residue potentials present a significantly
improved ability to recognize native folds from a set of native and decoy
protein structures.

categories: physics.chem-ph cond-mat.stat-mech physics.bio-ph physics.comp-ph q-bio.BM


title: Incompressible Couette Flow

abstract:
  This project work report provides a full solution of simplified Navier Stokes
equations for The Incompressible Couette Problem. The well known analytical
solution to the problem of incompressible couette is compared with a numerical
solution. In that paper, I will provide a full solution with simple C code
instead of MatLab or Fortran codes, which are known. For discrete problem
formulation, implicit Crank-Nicolson method was used. Finally, the system of
equation (tridiagonal) is solved with both Thomas and simple Gauss Method.
Results of both methods are compared.


title: Energy mechanism of charges analyzed in real current environment

abstract:
  We analyze in this work the energy transfer process of accelerated charges,
the mass fluctuations accompanying this process, and their inertial properties.
Based on a previous work, we use here the dipole antenna, which is a very
convenient framework for such analysis, for analyzing those characteristics. We
show that the radiation process can be viewed by two energy transfer processes:
one from the energy source to the charges and the second from the charges into
the surrounding space. Those processes, not being in phase, result in mass
fluctuations. The same principle is true during absorption. We show that in a
transient period between absorption and radiation the dipole antenna gains mass
according to the amount of absorbed energy and loses this mass as radiated
energy. We rigorously prove that the gain of mass, resulting from electrical
interaction has inertial properties in the sense of Newton's third low. We
arrive to this result by modeling the reacting spacetime region by an electric
dipole.


title:
Reversible B/A Transitions in Single DNA Molecule Immersed in A Water
  Drop

abstract:
  Clarification of the detailed mechanisms involved in the DNA polymorphism is
an important challenge for computational molecular biophysics. This paper
reports about reversible A/B transitions in DNA observed in silico in a
simulated titration experiment by smooth variation of the size of a water drop
around a double helical solute. The estimated range of hydration numbers
corresponding to the B/A transition roughly agrees with experimental data. The
chain length dependence was studied and it appeared that the transition to
A-form is hindered when the fragment becomes shorter than one helical turn.
Dynamics of the A/B transition at low hydration is cooperative and is driven
mainly by medium range electrostatic interactions of counterions sandwiched
between phosphate strands in the major groove. The correspondence of these
computational observations to common experimental conditions of A/B transitions
is discussed.


title: It is not Higgs

abstract:
  The basic concepts, principles and statements of the electroweak and the
quark-gluon theories and the theory of gravitation are deduced from properties
of the point-like events probabilities.Higgs, strings, Dark Energy and Dark
Matter are not required.


title:
Transform-limited pulses are not optimal for resonant multiphoton
  transitions

abstract:
  Maximizing nonlinear light-matter interactions is a primary motive for
compressing laser pulses to achieve ultrashort transform limited pulses. Here
we show how, by appropriately shaping the pulses, resonant multiphoton
transitions can be enhanced significantly beyond the level achieved by
maximizing the pulse's peak intensity. We demonstrate the counterintuitive
nature of this effect with an experiment in a resonant two-photon absorption,
in which, by selectively removing certain spectral bands, the peak intensity of
the pulse is reduced by a factor of 40, yet the absorption rate is doubled.
Furthermore, by suitably designing the spectral phase of the pulse, we increase
the absorption rate by a factor of 7.


title:
Limits on temporal variation of quark masses and strong interaction from
  atomic clock experiments

abstract:
  We perform calculations of the dependence of nuclear magnetic moments on
quark masses and obtain limits on the variation of m_q/Lambda_{QCD} from recent
atomic clock experiments with hyperfine transitions in H, Rb, Cs, Hg+ and
optical transtion in Hg+.


title:
The Non Sequitur Mathematics and Physics of the 'New Electrodynamics' of
  the AIAS Group

abstract:
  We show that the AIAS group collection of papers on a "new electrodynamics"
recently published in the Journal of New Energy, as well as other papers signed
by that group (and also other authors) appearing in other established physical
journals and in many books published by leading international publishers (see
references) are full of misconceptions and misunderstandings concerning the
theory of the electromagnetic field and contain fatal mathematical flaws, which
invalidates almost all claims done by the authors. We prove our statement by
employing a modern presentation of Maxwell Theory using Clifford bundles and
also develop the basic ideas of gauge theories using principal and associated
vector bundles.


title:
Adiabatic following criterion, estimation of the nonadiabatic excitation
  fraction and quantum jumps

abstract:
  An accurate theory describing adiabatic following of the dark, nonabsorbing
state in the three-level system is developed. An analytical solution for the
wave function of the particle experiencing Raman excitation is found as an
expansion in terms of the time varying nonadiabatic perturbation parameter. The
solution can be presented as a sum of adiabatic and nonadiabatic parts. Both
are estimated quantitatively. It is shown that the limiting value to which the
amplitude of the nonadiabatic part tends is equal to the Fourier component of
the nonadiabatic perturbation parameter taken at the Rabi frequency of the
Raman excitation. The time scale of the variation of both parts is found. While
the adiabatic part of the solution varies slowly and follows the change of the
nonadiabatic perturbation parameter, the nonadiabatic part appears almost
instantly, revealing a jumpwise transition between the dark and bright states.
This jump happens when the nonadiabatic perturbation parameter takes its
maximum value.


title: Kinetic and Dynamic Delaunay tetrahedralizations in three dimensions

abstract:
  We describe the implementation of algorithms to construct and maintain
three-dimensional dynamic Delaunay triangulations with kinetic vertices using a
three-simplex data structure. The code is capable of constructing the geometric
dual, the Voronoi or Dirichlet tessellation. Initially, a given list of points
is triangulated. Time evolution of the triangulation is not only governed by
kinetic vertices but also by a changing number of vertices. We use
three-dimensional simplex flip algorithms, a stochastic visibility walk
algorithm for point location and in addition, we propose a new simple method of
deleting vertices from an existing three-dimensional Delaunay triangulation
while maintaining the Delaunay property. The dual Dirichlet tessellation can be
used to solve differential equations on an irregular grid, to define partitions
in cell tissue simulations, for collision detection etc.


title: Barrier RF Stacking

abstract:
  This paper introduces a new method for stacking beams in the longitudinal
phase space. It uses RF barriers to confine and compress beams in an
accelerator, provided that the machine momentum acceptance is a few times
larger than the momentum spread of the injected beam. This is the case for the
Fermilab Main Injector. A barrier RF system employing Finemet cores and
high-voltage solid-state switches is under construction. The goal is to double
the number of protons per cycle on the production target for Run2 and NuMI
experiments.


title:
The Flowing System Gasdynamics Part 2: Euler momentum conservation
  equation solution

abstract:
  The solution of a momentum conservation equation for the gas and liquid
stream in the flowing element is obtained on the basis of the modern approach
to a problem on contact interaction of bodies and mediums. A flowing element,
system are: pipe, tube, orifice, mouthpiece, diffuser, etc. and its
combination. The integration of the differential equation has reduced to
distribution law of static head along the length of flowing element and has
proved the elementary algebraic solution that introduced in the previous paper
by these authors. The received solution allows to describe the motion of fluid
medium in non-stationary conditions, under action of any time-varying physical
factors: a roughness of streamlined surface, the area of the section of the
flowing element, the heat exchange with the streamlined surface, the technical
work, the additional weight flow of fluid medium.


title:
Statistics for transition of a plasma turbulence with multiple
  characteristic scales

abstract:
  Subcritical transition of an inhomogeneous plasma where turbulences with
different characteristic space-time scales coexist is analyzed with methods of
statistical physics of turbulences. We derived the development equations of the
probability density function (PDF) of the spectrum amplitudes of the
fluctuating electro-static potential. By numerically solving the equations, the
steady state PDFs were obtained. Although the subcritical transition is
observed when the turbulent fluctuations are ignored, the PDF shows that the
transition is smeared out by the turbulent fluctuations. It means that the
approximation ignoring the turbulent fluctuations employed by traditional
transition theories could overestimate the range where hysteresis is observed
and statistical analyses are inevitably needed.


title: Investigation methods in model conception of quantum phenomena

abstract:
  One can construct the model conception of quantum phenomena (MCQP) which
relates to the axiomatic conception of quantum phenomena (ACQP), (i.e. to the
conventional quantum mechanics) in the same way, as the statistical physics
relates to thermodynamics. Such a possibility is based on a new conception of
geometry, which admits one to construct such a deterministic space-time
geometry, where motion of free particles is primordially stochastic. The
space-time geometry can be chosen in such a way that statistical description of
random particle motion coincides with the quantum description. Methods of MCQP
in investigation of quantum phenomena appear to be more subtle and effective
than, that of ACQP. For instance, investigation of the free Dirac equation in
framework of MCQP shows that the Dirac particle is in reality a rotator, i.e.
two particles rotating around their common center of inertia. In the framework
of MCQP one can discover the force field, responsible for pair production, that
is impossible in the framework of ACQP.


title:
Anamalous Frequency Shift in Photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein
  Condensate

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate the effect of anomalous quantum correlations on
the light-induced frequency shift in the photoassociation spectrum of a
Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Anomalous quantum correlations arise because,
although formed from a pair of zero-momentum condensate atoms, a condensate
molecule need not dissociate back to the BEC, but may just as well form a
noncondensate atom pair with equal and opposite momentum, i.e., due to rogue
photodissociation. The uncorrelated frequency shift of the photoassociation
spectrum is to the red and linearly dependent on the laser intensity. In
contrast, anomalous correlations due to rogue dissociation lead to a
blueshifted photoassociation spectrum. For sufficiently low light intensities,
the rogue blueshift is dominant and proportional to the squareroot of
intensity.

categories: physics.atom-ph cond-mat.soft cond-mat.stat-mech physics.chem-ph quant-ph


title: A Note on the Topology of Space-time in Special Relativity

abstract:
  We show that a topology can be defined in the four dimensional space-time of
special relativity so as to obtain a topological semigroup for time. The
Minkowski 4-vector character of space-time elements as well as the key
properties of special relativity are still the same as in the standard theory.
However, the new topological structure allows the possibility of an intrinsic
asymmetry in the time evolution of physical systems.


title: Undulator-type radiation of bunched charged particles in self-wakefield

abstract:
  Radiation appearing when relativistic charged particles moves along a
periodic structure without external fields is investigated. It is shown that
nonsynchronous spatial harmonics of wakefields excited by bunched charged
particles can give rise to the particle oscillatory motion that consequently
generates the undulator-type radiation (UR). A theory of the undulator-type
radiation emitted by ultrarelativistic charged particles in the self-wakefields
is given. An analytical expression for the spontaneous UR power of the
ultrarelativistic monochromatic charged bunch moving in a weakly corrugated
axially-symmetrical waveguide is derived by the perturbation method. The
parameter region, a particle number and particle energies at which the
spontaneous UR power exceeds the wakefield power is analyzed.


title:
Spontaneous and Stimulated Synchrotron Radiation from Relativistic
  Electrons in Ion Channel

abstract:
  Spontaneous and stimulated emission of an electron in the ion channel is
studied. The emission processes are studied in the regime of high harmonic
generation when the parameter of plasma wiggler strength is large. Like for
conventional free electron laser, a synchrotron-like broadband spectrum is
generated in this regime. The asymptotic expression for the radiation spectrum
of the spontaneous emission is derived. The radiation spectrum emitted from
axisymmetric monoenergetic electron beam is analyzed. The gain of ion-channel
synchrotron-radiation laser is calculated. Use of laser-produced ion channel
for efficient X-ray generation is discussed.


title: Time asymmetry in ion diffusion under magnetic field

abstract:
  The general equation for the flux of an electrolyte in solution in the
presence of an external magnetic field was derived mathematically in accordance
with the Onsager formalism of irreversible thermodynamics. The time reversal
symmetry was examined theoretically for the equation. Time reversal symmetry
breaking was demonstrated for the case under investigation. Indeed, it was
demonstrated theoretically that diffusion of an electrolyte is solution under
an applied magnetic field has asymmetry in respect with time. The important of
the study is to show time asymmetry in a physical process based on mathematical
derivation of available equations.


title:
Magneto-optical rotation of spectrally impure fields and its nonlinear
  dependence on optical density

abstract:
  We calculate magneto-optical rptation of spectrally impure fileds in an
optically thick cold atmic medium. We show that the spectral impurity leads to
non-linear dependence of the rotation angle on optical density. Using our
calculations, we provide a quanttative analysis of the recent experimental
results of G. Labeyrie et al. [Phys. Rev. A 64, 033402 (2001)] using cold
Rb$^{85}$ atoms.


title:
First results from an aging test of a prototype RPC for the LHCb Muon
  System

abstract:
  Recent results of an aging test performed at the CERN Gamma Irradiation
Facility on a single--gap RPC prototype developed for the LHCb Muon System are
presented. The results are based on an accumulated charge of about 0.45
C/cm$^2$, corresponding to about 4 years of LHCb running at the highest
background rate. The performance of the chamber has been studied under several
photon flux values exploiting a muon beam. A degradation of the rate capability
above 1 kHz/cm$^2$ is observed, which can be correlated to a sizeable increase
of resistivity of the chamber plates. An increase of the chamber dark current
is also observed. The chamber performance is found to fulfill the LHCb
operation requirements.


title: Network Landscape from a Brownian Particle's Perspective

abstract:
  Given a complex biological or social network, how many clusters should it be
decomposed into? We define the distance $d_{i,j}$ from node $i$ to node $j$ as
the average number of steps a Brownian particle takes to reach $j$ from $i$.
Node $j$ is a global attractor of $i$ if $d_{i,j}\leq d_{i,k}$ for any $k$ of
the graph; it is a local attractor of $i$, if $j\in E_i$ (the set of
nearest-neighbors of $i$) and $d_{i,j}\leq d_{i,l}$ for any $l\in E_i$. Based
on the intuition that each node should have a high probability to be in the
same community as its global (local) attractor on the global (local) scale, we
present a simple method to uncover a network's community structure. This method
is applied to several real networks and some discussion on its possible
extensions is made.


title: Evidence for growth of microbial genomes by short segmental duplications

abstract:
  We show that textual analysis of microbial genomes reveal telling footprints
of the early evolution of the genomes. The frequencies of word occurrence of
random DNA sequences considered as texts in their four nucleotides are expected
to obey Poisson distributions. It is noticed that for words less than nine
letters the average width of the distributions for complete microbial genomes
is many times that of a Poisson distribution. We interpret this phenomenon as
follows: the genome is a large system that possesses the statistical
characteristics of a much smaller ``random'' system, and certain textual
statistical properties of genomes we now see are remnants of those of their
ancestral genomes, which were much shorter than the genomes are now. This
interpretation suggests a simple biologically plausible model for the growth of
genomes: the genome first grows randomly to an initial length of approximately
one thousand nucleotides (1k nt), or about one thousandth of its final length,
thereafter mainly grows by random segmental duplication. We show that using
duplicated segments averaging around 25 nt, the model sequences generated
possess statistical properties characteristic of present day genomes. Both the
initial length and the duplicated segment length support an RNA world at the
time duplication began. Random segmental duplication would greatly enhance the
ability of a genome to use its hard-to-acquire codes repeatedly, and a genome
that practiced it would have evolved enormously faster than those that did not.


title: Distance, dissimilarity index, and network community structure

abstract:
  We address the question of finding the community structure of a complex
network. In an earlier effort [H. Zhou, {\em Phys. Rev. E} (2003)], the concept
of network random walking is introduced and a distance measure defined. Here we
calculate, based on this distance measure, the dissimilarity index between
nearest-neighboring vertices of a network and design an algorithm to partition
these vertices into communities that are hierarchically organized. Each
community is characterized by an upper and a lower dissimilarity threshold. The
algorithm is applied to several artificial and real-world networks, and
excellent results are obtained. In the case of artificially generated random
modular networks, this method outperforms the algorithm based on the concept of
edge betweenness centrality. For yeast's protein-protein interaction network,
we are able to identify many clusters that have well defined biological
functions.

categories: physics.bio-ph cond-mat.stat-mech physics.data-an q-bio.MN


title:
The electromagnetic fields under, on and over Earth surface as when,
  where and how earthquake precursor

abstract:
  It is given an attempt for statistical estimation of when earthquake
prediction for Balkan- Black Sea region using the geomagnetic field signal. The
preliminary test of the approach for England (Hartland), Turkey (Kandilli) and
India (Alibag) regions is presented. The research step by step program for
creating when, where and how earthquake prediction region Network system on the
basis of the experimental data for geomagnetic field, electro-potential
distribution in the Earth crust and atmosphere, temperature Earth crust
distribution, gravitational anomaly map, season and day independent temperature
depth distribution, water sources parameters (debit, temperature, chemical
composition, radioactivity), gas emissions, ionosphere condition parameters,
Earth radiation belt, Sun wind, crust parameters (strain, deformation,
displacement) and biological precursors is proposed. The achievements of tidal
potential modeling of Earth surface with included ocean and atmosphere tidal
influences, many component correlation analysis and the nonlinear inverse
problem methods in fluids dynamics and Maxwell equations are crucial. The today
almost real time technologies GIS for archiving, analysis, visualization and
interpretation of the data and non- linear inverse problem methods for building
theoretical models for the parameter behaviors, correlations and dynamics have
to be used.


title: Power and beauty of interval methods

abstract:
  Interval calculus is a relatively new branch of mathematics. Initially
understood as a set of tools to assess the quality of numerical calculations
(rigorous control of rounding errors), it became a discipline in its own rights
today. Interval methods are usefull whenever we have to deal with
uncertainties, which can be rigorously bounded. Fuzzy sets, rough sets and
probability calculus can perform similar tasks, yet only the interval methods
are able to (dis)prove, with mathematical rigor, the (non)existence of desired
solution(s). Known are several problems, not presented here, which cannot be
effectively solved by any other means.
  This paper presents basic notions and main ideas of interval calculus and two
examples of useful algorithms.


title: Women in Physics in Fermi's Time

abstract:
  Enrico Fermi lived from 1901 to 1954, a period of great progress in physics
and a period in which opportunities for women to study and work in institutions
of higher learning increased significantly in Europe and North America. Though
there are a few examples of women who made important contributions to physics
in the 18th century such as Emilie du Chatelet and Laura Bassi, it was only in
Fermi's time that the number began to increase significantly. It is remarkable
that almost immediately after they gained entrance to laboratories and
universities, among them appeared women of great creative ability who made
lasting contributions to physics. This talk is mainly about some of these whose
scientific lives are not as well known as their contributions deserve - Emmy
Noether, Marietta Blau, Irene Joliot-Curie, Lise Meitner. Additionally, some
outstanding women whose work played a role in Enrico Fermi's life in physics
are noted - Ida Tacke Noddack, Tatiana Ehrenfest-Afanaseva, Leona Woods
Marshall Libby, and Maria Goeppert Mayer.


title: Controlled switching of discrete solitons in waveguide arrays

abstract:
  We suggest an effective method for controlling nonlinear switching in arrays
of weakly coupled optical waveguides. We demonstrate the digitized switching of
a narrow input beam for up to eleven waveguides in the engineered waveguide
arrays.


title: Variational Analysis for Photonic Molecules

abstract:
  A new type of artificial molecule is proposed, which consists of coupled
defect atoms in photonic crystals, named as photonic molecule. Within the major
band gap, the photonic molecule confines the resonant modes that are closely
analogous to the ground states of molecular orbitals. By employing the
variational theory, the constraint determining the resonant coupling is
formulated, that is consistent with the results of both the scattering method
and the group analysis. In addition, a new type of photonic waveguide is
proposed that manipulates the mechanism of photon hopping between photonic
molecules and offers a new optical feature of twin waveguiding bandwidths.


title:
The Flowing System Gasdynamics. Part 3: Saint-Venant - Wantzel formula
  modern form

abstract:
  The modern form of the Saint-Venant - Wantzel formula for an outflow velocity
of gas stream from flowing element is submitted. Taking into account of contact
interaction of gas stream with the streamline surface in the form of the static
head law has allowed to find the spatial-energy liaison in flowing system. The
physically correct combination of mechanics of contact interaction and
thermodynamics of fluid medium in one formula has allowed simultaneously to be
liberated from the velocity coefficient and the discharge coefficient and
polytropic process. In the new form the formula has gained the key character
for computation of parameters of motion and state of gas stream in the flowing
system.


title: Branching Law for Axons

abstract:
  What determines the caliber of axonal branches? We pursue the hypothesis that
the axonal caliber has evolved to minimize signal propagation delays, while
keeping arbor volume to a minimum. We show that for a general cost function the
optimal diameters of mother ($d_0$) and daughter ($d_1$, $d_2$) branches at a
bifurcation obey a branching law: $d_{0}^{\nu+2}=d_{1}^{\nu+2} +
d_{2}^{\nu+2}$. The derivation relies on the fact that the conduction speed
scales with the axon diameter to the power $\nu$ ($\nu=1$ for myelinated axons
and $\nu=0.5$ for non-myelinated axons). We test the branching law on the
available experimental data and find a reasonable agreement.

categories: physics.bio-ph cond-mat physics.gen-ph q-bio.NC


title:
A Symbolic-Numerical Approach for the Sensitivity Analysis of Dielectric
  Resonator Sensors

abstract:
  A theoretical model based on the transverse resonance method is proposed for
the description of cylindrical multilayer dielectric resonator sensors. From
this model, the resonant frequency and the sensitivities with respect to
geometrical and physical parameters are computed by means of a combination of
symbolic and numerical procedures. These are gathered together in a package in
view of the computer assisted design of this range of sensors. On this
occasion, a few design patterns for engineering applications are sketched.


title: The Predictive Power of R0 in an Epidemic Probabilistic System

abstract:
  An important issue in theoretical epidemiology is the epidemic threshold
phenomenon, which specify the conditions for an epidemic to grow or die out. In
standard (mean-field-like) compartmental models the concept of the basic
reproductive number, R0, has been systematically employed as a predictor for
epidemic spread and as an analytical tool to study the threshold conditions.
Despite the importance of this quantity, there are no general formulation of R0
when one considers the spread of a disease in a generic finite population,
involving, for instance, arbitrary topology of inter-individual interactions
and heterogeneous mixing of susceptible and immune individuals. The goal of
this work is to study this concept in a generalized stochastic system described
in terms of global and local variables. In particular, the dependence of R0 on
the space of parameters that define the model is investigated; it is found that
near of the ``classical'' epidemic threshold transition the uncertainty about
the strength of the epidemic process still is significantly large. The
forecasting attributes of R0 for a discrete finite system is discussed and
generalized; in particular, it is shown that, for a discrete finite system, the
pretentious predictive power of R0 is significantly reduced.


title:
Relativistic many-body calculations of excitation energies and
  transition rates from core-excited states in copperlike ions

abstract:
  Energies of (3s2 3p6 3d9 4l4l'), (3s2 3p5 3d10 4l4l'), and (3s 3p6 3d10
4l4l') states for Cu-like ions with Z = 30 -100 are evaluated to second order
in relativistic many-body perturbation theory (RMBPT) starting from a Ni-like
Dirac-Fock potential. Second-order Coulomb and Breit-Coulomb interactions are
included. Correction for the frequency-dependence of the Breit interaction is
taken into account in lowest order. The Lamb shift correction to energies is
also included in lowest order. Intrinsic particle-particle-hole contributions
to energies are found to be 20-30% of the sum of one- and two-body
contributions. Transition rates and line strengths are calculated for the
3l-4l' electric-dipole (E1) transitions in Cu-like ions with nuclear charge Z =
30 - 100. RMBPT including the Breit interaction is used to evaluate retarded E1
matrix elements in length and velocity forms. First-order RMBPT is used to
obtain intermediate coupling coefficients and second-order RMBPT is used to
calculate transition matrix elements. A detailed discussion of the various
contributions to the dipole matrix elements and energy levels is given for
copperlike tungsten (Z = 74). The transition energies used in the calculation
of oscillator strengths and transition rates are from second-order RMBPT.
Trends of the transition rates as functions of $Z$ are illustrated graphically
for selected transitions. Comparisons are made with available experimental
data. These atomic data are important in modeling of M-shell radiation spectra
of heavy ions generated in electron beam ion trap experiments and in M-shell
diagnostics of plasmas.


title: The R0 Approach to Epidemic-non-Epidemic Phases Revisited

abstract:
  In this work, we revisit the basic reproduction rate $\mathcal{R}_{0}$
definition for analysis of epidemic-non-epidemic phases describing the dynamics
of the discrete stochastic version of the epidemic $SIR$ model based on the
Master Equation formalism. One shows that it is a very precise and efficient
way to determine the epidemic threshold; using its most primitive concept, we
can find exact results.


title:
Abstract Applets: a Method for Integrating Numerical Problem-Solving
  into the Undergraduate Physics Curriculum

abstract:
  In upper-division undergraduate physics courses, it is desirable to give
numerical problem-solving exercises integrated naturally into weekly problem
sets. I explain a method for doing this that makes use of the built-in class
structure of the Java programming language. I also supply a Java class library
that can assist instructors in writing programs of this type.


title: Nothing but Relativity

abstract:
  We deduce the most general space-time transformation laws consistent with the
principle of relativity. Thus, our result contains the results of both Galilean
and Einsteinian relativity. The velocity addition law comes as a bi-product of
this analysis. We also argue why Galilean and Einsteinian versions are the only
possible embodiments of the principle of relativity.


title: Does the Red Queen reign in the kingdom of digital organisms?

abstract:
  In competition experiments between two RNA viruses of equal or almost equal
fitness, often both strains gain in fitness before one eventually excludes the
other. This observation has been linked to the Red Queen effect, which
describes a situation in which organisms have to constantly adapt just to keep
their status quo. I carried out experiments with digital organisms
(self-replicating computer programs) in order to clarify how the competing
strains' location in fitness space influences the Red-Queen effect. I found
that gains in fitness during competition were prevalent for organisms that were
taken from the base of a fitness peak, but absent or rare for organisms that
were taken from the top of a peak or from a considerable distance away from the
nearest peak. In the latter two cases, either neutral drift and loss of the
fittest mutants or the waiting time to the first beneficial mutation were more
important factors. Moreover, I found that the Red-Queen dynamic in general led
to faster exclusion than the other two mechanisms.

categories: physics.bio-ph cond-mat.soft nlin.AO q-bio.PE


title: A composite open resonator for compact X-ray source

abstract:
  The results of calculation of the finesse of a composite open resonator for
compact X-ray source are presented. The region of the resonator parameters has
been found where the finesse is changed unessentially.


title:
Retarded Electromagnetic Interaction and Origin of Non-linear Phenomena
  in Ferroelectrics, Ferromagnetics and Optics

abstract:
  The non-linear relations between polarization strength and electric field
strength for ferroelectrics, as well as magnetization strength and magnetic
field strength for ferromagnetics, can be achieved by introducing retarded
electromagnetic interactions. The electric and magnetic hysteretic loops, as
well as polarization and magnetization curves, can be described well based on
soft mode theory in the alternating electromagnetic fields of low and medium
frequencies. The fundamental phenomenological formula in non-linear optics can
also be obtained in high frequency fields. The results show that all of these
non-linear phenomena originate from retarded electromagnetic interaction.


title: Mid-Band Dissipative Spatial Solitons

abstract:
  We show dissipative spatial solitons in nonlinear optical micro-resonators in
which the refractive index is laterally modulated. In addition to "normal" and
"staggered" dissipative solitons, similar to those in spatially modulated
conservative systems, a narrow "mid-band" soliton is shown, having no
counterparts in conservative systems.


title: Interplay between geometry and flow distribution in an airway tree

abstract:
  Uniform fluid flow distribution in a symmetric volume can be realized through
a symmetric branched tree. It is shown here, however, that the flow
partitioning can be highly sensitive to deviations from exact symmetry if
inertial effects are present. This is found by direct numerical simulation of
the Navier-Stokes equations in a 3D tree geometry. The flow asymmetry is
quantified and found to depend on the Reynolds number. Moreover, for a given
Reynolds number, we show that the flow distribution depends on the aspect ratio
of the branching elements as well as their angular arrangement. Our results
indicate that physiological variability should be severely restricted in order
to ensure uniform fluid distribution in a tree. This study suggests that any
non-uniformity in the air flow distribution in human lungs should be influenced
by the respiratory conditions, rest or hard exercise.

categories: physics.bio-ph cond-mat physics.flu-dyn physics.med-ph


title: Transient growth and instability in rotating boundary layers

abstract:
  The three-dimensional temporal instability of rotating boundary layer flows
is investigated by computing classical normal modes as well as by evaluating
the transient growth of optimal disturbances. The flows examined are the
rotating Blasius (RB) and the rotating asymptotic suction layers (RAS), with
the rotation axis normal to the basic flow plane. In agreement with an inviscid
criterion, streamwise unstable modes are found in both flow cases for
anti-cyclonic rotation: at high Reynolds numbers, one obtains the Rossby number
unstable range 0<1/Ro<0.57 for RB, or 0<1/Ro<1 for RAS. Critical Reynolds and
Rossby numbers are also determined in both instances. Moreover the dependence
of transient growth with respect to wavenumbers, Rossby and Reynolds numbers is
presented for both cyclonic and anti-cyclonic r\'egimes. In particular, the
{\it peak} transient growth is computed for a wide range of parameter values
within the cyclonic regime and is shown to be reduced by rotation. A scaling
analysis with respect to the Reynolds number is performed showing that the
standard Re^2 scaling is recovered only at very weak rotation. Optimal
disturbances resemble oblique vortices. At weak rotation, they are almost
streamwise vortices though their structure departs from the classical
non-rotating case. Strong rotation imposes two-dimensionality and the optimal
disturbances vary weakly in the spanwise direction and exhibit growth by the
Orr mechanism.


title:
Space Charge Limited 2-d Electron Flow between Two Flat Electrodes in a
  Strong Magnetic Field

abstract:
  An approximate analytic solution is constructed for the 2-d space charge
limited emission by a cathode surrounded by non emitting conducting ledges of
width Lambda. An essentially exact solution (via conformal mapping) of the
electrostatic problem in vacuum is matched to the solution of a linearized
problem in the space charge region whose boundaries are sharp due to the
presence of a strong magnetic field. The current density growth in a narrow
interval near the edges of the cathode depends strongly on Lambda. We obtain an
empirical formula for the total current as a function of Lambda which extends
to more general cathode geometries.


title: X-wave mediated instability of plane waves in Kerr media

abstract:
  Plane waves in Kerr media spontaneously generate paraxial X-waves (i.e.
non-dispersive and non-diffractive pulsed beams) that get amplified along
propagation. This effect can be considered a form of conical emission (i.e.
spatio-temporal modulational instability), and can be used as a key for the
interpretation of the out of axis energy emission in the splitting process of
focused pulses in normally dispersive materials. A new class of spatio-temporal
localized wave patterns is identified. X-waves instability, and nonlinear
X-waves, are also expected in periodical Bose condensed gases.


title: Oscillator Models for the Universe and Dark Energy

abstract:
  We consider two situations that can be modeled by oscillators. First we show
that the universe itself is a normal mode of Planck scale oscillators. Next we
show that a background Zero Point Field or dark energy can be modeled by
electromagnetic oscillators. This in turn leads to an observable
"fluctuational" current in a solenoid.


title: Anisotropic Internal Friction Damping

abstract:
  The mechanical damping properties of sheet polaroid material have been
studied with a physical pendulum. The polaroid samples were placed under the
knife-edges of the pendulum, which was operated in free-decay at a period in
the vicinity of 10 s. With the edges oriented parallel to the direction of the
long molecular chains in the polaroid, it was found that the damping was more
than 10% smaller than when oriented perpendicular to the chains.


title: On the Derivation of Conserved Quantities in Classical Mechanics

abstract:
  Using a theorem of partial differential equations, we present a general way
of deriving the conserved quantities associated with a given classical point
mechanical system, denoted by its Hamiltonian. Some simple examples are given
to demonstrate the validity of the formulation.


title:
Comment on "Including Systematic Uncertainties in Confidence Interval
  Construction for Poisson Statistics"

abstract:
  The incorporation of systematic uncertainties into confidence interval
calculations has been addressed recently in a paper by Conrad et al. (Physical
Review D 67 (2003) 012002). In their work, systematic uncertainities in
detector efficiencies and background flux predictions were incorporated
following the hybrid frequentist-Bayesian prescription of Cousins and Highland,
but using the likelihood ratio ordering of Feldman and Cousins in order to
produce "unified" confidence intervals. In general, the resulting intervals
behaved as one would intuitively expect, i.e. increased with increasing
uncertainties. However, it was noted that for numbers of observed events less
than or of order of the expected background, the intervals could sometimes
behave in a completely counter-intuitive fashion -- being seen to initially
decrease in the face of increasing uncertainties, but only for the case of
increasing signal efficiency uncertainty. In this comment, we show that the
problematic behaviour is due to integration over the signal efficiency
uncertainty while maximising the best fit alternative hypothesis likelihood. If
the alternative hypothesis likelihood is determined by unconditionally
maximising with respect to both the unknown signal and signal efficiency
uncertainty, the limits display the correct intuitive behaviour.


title: Mass Boom Versus Big Bang: Einstein was Right

abstract:
  When considering possible time variations of fundamental physical constants
one has to keep firm well established principles. Following this approach we
keep firm the Action Principle, General Relativity (the Equivalence Principle),
and Mach's Principle. Also we introduce a new principle under the name of
"TOTAL INTERACTION" and reconsider Weinberg's relation with a new approach.
Consistent with all these principles we find that all masses increase linearly
with cosmological time (THE MASS BOOM) and that Planck's constant decreases
also with this time.Then the whole quantum world shrinks with time too. This is
the cause of the red shift


title: On the Theory of Vibronic Superradiance

abstract:
  The Dicke superradiance on vibronic transitions of impurity crystals is
considered. It is shown that parameters of the superradiance (duration and
intensity of the superradiance pulse and delay times) on each vibronic
transition depend on the strength of coupling of electronic states with the
intramolecular impurity vibration (responsible for the vibronic structure of
the optical spectrum in the form of vibrational replicas of the pure electronic
line) and on the crystal temperature through the Debye-Waller factor of the
lattice vibrations. Theoretical estimates of the ratios of the time delays, as
well as of the superradiance pulse intensities for different vibronic
transitions well agree with the results of experimental observations of
two-color superradiance in the polar dielectric KCl:O2-. In addition, the
theory describes qualitatively correctly the critical temperature dependence of
the superradiance effect.


title:
Tensorial analysis of the long-range interaction between metastable
  alkaline-earth atoms

abstract:
  Alkaline-earth atoms in their lowest triplet P_2 state are exceptionally
long-lived and can be trapped magnetically. The nonspherical atomic structure
leads to anisotropic long-range interactions between two metastable
alkaline-earth atoms. The anisotropy affects the rotational motion of the
diatomic system and couples states of different rotational quantum numbers. We
develop a tensorial decomposition of the most important long-range interaction
operators, and a systematic inclusion of molecular rotations, in the presence
of an external magnetic field. The consequences are illustrated by application
to metastable strontium. The coupling among molecular rotational states is
demonstrated to induce the formation of a long-range molecular potential well.
Its properties vary as a function of magnetic-field strength, thus allowing the
scattering length in this state to be tuned. The scattering length of
metastable strontium displays a resonance at a field of 339 Gauss.


title:
Compensatory mutations cause excess of antagonistic epistasis in RNA
  secondary structure folding

abstract:
  Background: The rate at which fitness declines as an organism's genome
accumulates random mutations is an important variable in several evolutionary
theories. At an intuitive level, it might seem natural that random mutations
should tend to interact synergistically, such that the rate of mean fitness
decline accelerates as the number of random mutations is increased. However, in
a number of recent studies, a prevalence of antagonistic epistasis (the
tendency of multiple mutations to have a mitigating rather than reinforcing
effect) has been observed.
  Results: We studied in silico the net amount and form of epistatic
interactions in RNA secondary structure folding by measuring the fraction of
neutral mutants as a function of mutational distance d. We found a clear
prevalence of antagonistic epistasis in RNA secondary structure folding. By
relating the fraction of neutral mutants at distance d to the average
neutrality at distance d, we showed that this prevalence derives from the
existence of many compensatory mutations at larger mutational distances.
  Conclusions: Our findings imply that the average direction of epistasis in
simple fitness landscapes is directly related to the density with which fitness
peaks are distributed in these landscapes.


title: Examination of Wave-Particle Duality Via Two-Slit Interference

abstract:
  The wave-particle duality is the main point of demarcation between quantum
and classical physics, and is the quintessential mystery of quantum mechanics.
Young's two-slit interference experiment is the arch prototype of actual and
gedanken experiments used as a testing ground of this duality. Quantum
mechanics predicts that any detector capable of determining the path taken by a
particle through one or the other of a two-slit plate will destroy the
interference pattern. We will examine both the experimental and theoretical
attempts to test this assertion, including a new kind of experiment, and to
grasp the underlying truth behind this mystery from the earliest days to the
present. Where positions differ, the views of both sides are presented in a
balanced approach.


title: Ball Lightning and Plasma Cohesion

abstract:
  The phenomenon of ball lightning has been observed for a long time, but the
nature of these luminous balls has been unknown. It is proposed here that they
consist of highy excited Rydberg atoms with large polarizabilities that bind
them together. Thus the cohesion of the balls comes from photon exchange forces
(London dispersion forces) rather than the more usual electron exchange
(chemical) forces. The cohesion in plasmas generated at the back faces of
detonating explosives has a similar basis. Estimates are given to justify this
interpretation.


title:
The hodograph method applicability in the problem of long-scale
  nonlinear dynamics of a thin vortex filament near a flat boundary

abstract:
  Hamiltonian dynamics of a thin vortex filament in ideal incompressible fluid
near a flat fixed boundary is considered at the conditions that at any point of
the curve determining shape of the filament the angle between tangent vector
and the boundary plane is small, also the distance from a point on the curve to
the plane is small in comparison with the curvature radius. The dynamics is
shown to be effectively described by a nonlinear system of two
(1+1)-dimensional partial differential equations. The hodograph transformation
reduces that system to a single linear differential equation of the second
order with separable variables. Simple solutions of the linear equation are
investigated at real values of spectral parameter $\lambda$ when the filament
projection on the boundary plane has shape of a two-branch spiral or a smoothed
angle, depending on the sign of $\lambda$.


title: On the law of motion in Special Relativity

abstract:
  Newton's law of motion relative to an inertial frame ("the laboratory") for a
particle subject to a force acting at a certain time may be interpreted in
either of two ways: (1) The force acting on the particle during an
infinitesimal time imparts to the laboratory a boost (impulse divided by the
mass) while the particle maintains the original velocity relative to the new
frame and (2) The force acting on the particle during an infinitesimal time
imparts to the particle the same boost relative to the proper frame of the
particle which moves with the original velocity with respect to the laboratory.
We show that the relativistic law of motion admits both interpretations, the
first of which is in fact equivalent to the law of motion. As a consequence, we
show that the relativistic law of motion may also be reformulated as "force
equals mass times acceleration" in analogy with Newton's law, but with a
relativistic mass and a relativistic acceleration defined in terms of the
relativistic addition law of velocities, rather than ordinary mass and ordinary
vectorial addition of velocities that lead to the classical acceleration and to
Newton's law.


title: Detection of the Neutrino Fluxes from Several Sources

abstract:
  It is considered the detection of neutrinos moving from the opposite
directions. The states of the particle of the detector interacting with the
neutrinos are connected with the P-transformation. Hence only a half of
neutrinos gives contribution into the superposition of the neutrino states.
Taking into account the effect of the opposite neutrino directions the total
neutrino flux from several sources are in the range 0.5--1 of that without the
effect. The neutrino flux from nuclear reactors measured in the KamLAND
experiment is $0.611\pm 0.085 {\rm (stat)} \pm 0.041 {\rm (syst)} $ of the
expected flux. Calculations for the conditions of the KamLAND experiment yield
the neutrino flux taking into account the effect of the opposite neutrino
directions, 0.555, of that without the effect that may account for the neutrino
flux observed in the KamLAND experiment.


title: Superconducting Power Generation

abstract:
  The superconducting ac generator has the greatest potential for large-scale
commercial application of superconductivity that can benefit the public.
Electric power is a vital ingredient of modern society, and generation may be
considered to be the vital ingredient of a power system. This articles gives
background, and an insight into the physics and engineering of superconducting
power generation.


title:
Oscillator strength distribution in C3H6 isomers studied with the
  time-dependent density functional method in the continuum

abstract:
  We present photoabsorption oscillator strengths for C3H6 molecules with
emphasis on the difference between isomers, cyclopropane and propylene. We use
an iterative numerical method based on the time-dependent local density
approximation with continuum, which we have recently developed. The oscillator
strengths for the two isomers differ at photon energies above their ionization
thresholds. The magnitude and the shape of the oscillator strength distribution
are in good agreement with recent experiments. The differences between the
isomers arise from difference in symmetry of electronic states and different
behaviors of continuum excitations.


title: Deflections in Magnet Fringe Fields

abstract:
  A transverse multipole expansion is derived, including the longitudinal
components necessarily present in regions of varying magnetic field profile. It
can be used for exact numerical orbit following through the fringe field
regions of magnets whose end designs introduce no extraneous components, {\it
i.e.} fields not required to be present by Maxwell's equations. Analytic
evaluations of the deflections are obtained in various approximations. Mainly
emphasized is a ``straight-line approximation'', in which particle orbits are
treated as straight lines through the fringe field regions. This approximation
leads to a readily-evaluated figure of merit, the ratio of r.m.s. end
deflection to nominal body deflection, that can be used to determine whether or
not a fringe field can be neglected. Deflections in ``critical'' cases (e.g.
near intersection regions) are analysed in the same approximation.


title:
Reflection and refraction of electromagnetic waves at the plane boundary
  between two chiral media

abstract:
  This work is concerned with the propagation of electromagnetic waves in
isotropic chiral media and with the effects produced by a plane boundary
between two such media. In analogy with the phenomena of reflection and
refraction of plane electromagnetic waves in ordinary dielectrics, the
kinematical and dynamical aspects of these phenomena are studied, such as the
intensity of the various wave components and the change in the polarization of
the wave as it crosses the boundary. As a prerequisite of this, we show that
the plane wave solution must be written as a suitable superposition of the
circularly amplitudes on both sides of the interface, we elucidate which is the
appropriate set of conditions that the solution must satisfy at the boundary,
and we set down the minimal, and complete, set of equations that must be solved
for the coefficient amplitudes in order to satisfy the boundary conditions. The
equations are solved explicitly for some particular cases and configurations
(e.g., normal incidence), the salient features of those solutions are analyzed
in some detail, and the general solution to the equations is given as well.


title: Philosophical Implications of Inflationary Cosmology

abstract:
  Recent developments in cosmology indicate that every history having a nonzero
probability is realized in infinitely many distinct regions of spacetime. Thus,
it appears that the universe contains infinitely many civilizations exactly
like our own, as well as infinitely many civilizations that differ from our own
in any way permitted by physical laws. We explore the implications of this
conclusion for ethical theory and for the doomsday argument. In the infinite
universe, we find that the doomsday argument applies only to effects which
change the average lifetime of all civilizations, and not those which affect
our civilization alone.


title:
Low-loss criterion and effective area considerations for photonic
  crystal fibers

abstract:
  We study the class of endlessly single-mode all-silica photonic crystal
fibers with a triangular air-hole cladding. We consider the sensibility to
longitudinal nonuniformities and the consequences and limitations for realizing
low-loss large-mode area photonic crystal fibers. We also discuss the
dominating scattering mechanism and experimentally we confirm that both macro
and micro-bending can be the limiting factor.


title:
Study of interaction of high-power Ar$^+$ laser beam with Ag$^+$-doped
  glass

abstract:
  In this work, we have investigated the interaction of a high-power Ar$^+$
laser beam, in a continuous multi-line regime, with Ag$^+$-doped glass samples.
The samples were subjected to the irradiation after the ion-exchange step. As a
result of the irradiation, a peak appears in the absorption spectrum; its
evolution depends on both the exposure time and the laser beam power.
Interaction of the beam with the clusters causes them break into smaller ones
which has been confirmed by optical absorption spectroscopy. Depending on the
increment steps of the laser-beam power, different results are obtained. It is
found that, in addition to the fragmentations of the nano-clusters, clusters of
micro-meter size ($d\sim 3\mu m$) are formed in the sample, if the laser power
is increased in a fast regime. The fragmentation processes have been explained
in the framework of the density-functional theory with stabilized jellium
model.


title: Time-resolved spectra of polar-polarizable chromophores in solution

abstract:
  A recently proposed model for steady-state spectra of polar-polarizable
chromophores is extended to describe time-resolved spectra. The model, based on
a two-state picture for the solute and on a continuum overdamped description
for the (polar) solvent, grasps the essential physics of solvation dynamics, as
demonstrated by the comparison with experimental spectra. The solute
(hyper)polarizability is responsible for spectroscopic features that cannot be
rationalized within the standard picture based on a linear perturbative
treatment of the solute-solvent interaction. In particular, the temporal
evolution of band-shapes and the appearance of temporary isosbestic points, two
common puzzling features of observed spectra, are natural consequences of the
molecular hyperpolarizability and of the consequent coupling between solvation
and vibrational degrees of freedom.


title: Geometry of Psychological Time

abstract:
  The paper reviews the most illustrative cases of the "peculiar/anomalous"
experiences of time (and, to a lesser extent, also space) and discusses a
simple algebraic geometrical model accounting for the most pronounced of them.


title:
Gas gain and signal length measurements with a triple-GEM at different
  pressures of Ar-, Kr- and Xe-based gas mixtures

abstract:
  We investigate the gas gain behaviour of a triple-GEM configuration in gas
mixtures of argon, krypton and xenon with ten and thirty percent of carbon
dioxide at pressures between 1 and 3 bar. Since the signal widths affect the
dead time behaviour of the detector we present signal length measurements to
evaluate the use of the triple-GEM in time-resolved X-ray imaging.


title:
New results from an extensive aging test on bakelite Resistive Plate
  Chambers

abstract:
  We present recent results of an extensive aging test, performed at the CERN
Gamma Irradiation Facility on two single--gap RPC prototypes, developed for the
LHCb Muon System. With a method based on a model describing the behaviour of an
RPC under high particle flux conditions, we have periodically measured the
electrode resistance R of the two RPC prototypes over three years: we observe a
large spontaneous increase of R with time, from the initial value of about 2
MOhm to more than 250 MOhm. A corresponding degradation of the RPC rate
capabilities, from more than 3 kHz/cm2 to less than 0.15 kHz/cm2 is also found.


title: Negative heat capacity of sodium clusters

abstract:
  Heat capacities of Na_N, N = 13, 20, 55, 135, 142, and 147, clusters have
been investigated using a many-body Gupta potential and microcanonical
molecular dynamics simulations. Negative heat capacities around the cluster
melting-like transition have been obtained for N = 135, 142, and 147, but the
smaller clusters (N = 13, 20, and 55) do not show this peculiarity. By
performing a survey of the cluster potential energy landscape (PEL), it is
found that the width of the distribution function of the kinetic energy and the
spread of the distribution of potential energy minima (isomers), are useful
features to determine the different behavior of the heat capacity as a function
of the cluster size. The effect of the range of the interatomic forces is
studied by comparing the heat capacities of the Na_55 and Cd_55 clusters. It is
shown that by decreasing the range of the many-body interaction, the
distribution of isomers characterizing the PEL is modified appropriately to
generate a negative heat capacity in the Cd_55 cluster.

categories: physics.atm-clus cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.stat-mech physics.chem-ph


title: Selective addressing of high-rank atomic polarization moments

abstract:
  We describe a method of selective generation and study of polarization
moments of up to the highest rank $\kappa=2F$ possible for a quantum state with
total angular momentum $F$. The technique is based on nonlinear magneto-optical
rotation with frequency-modulated light. Various polarization moments are
distinguished by the periodicity of light-polarization rotation induced by the
atoms during Larmor precession and exhibit distinct light-intensity and
frequency dependences. We apply the method to study polarization moments of
$^{87}$Rb atoms contained in a vapor cell with antirelaxation coating. Distinct
ultra-narrow (1-Hz wide) resonances, corresponding to different multipoles,
appear in the magnetic-field dependence of the optical rotation. The use of the
highest-multipole resonances has important applications in quantum and
nonlinear optics and in magnetometry.


title:
Verification of generalized Kramers-Kronig relations and sum rules on
  experimental data of third harmonic generation susceptibility on polymers

abstract:
  We present the first analysis of harmonic generation data where the full
potential of the generalized nonlinear Kramers-Kronig (K-K) relations and sum
rules is exploited. We consider two published sets of wide spectral range
experimental data of third harmonic generation susceptibility on different
polymers, the polysilane (frequency range: $0.4-2.4$ $eV$) and the
polythiophene (frequency range: $0.5-2.0$ $eV$). We show that, independent
truncated dispersion relations connect the real and imaginary part of the
moments of the third harmonic generation susceptibility
$\omega^{2\alpha}\chi^{(3)}(3\omega; \omega, \omega ,\omega)$, with $\alpha$
ranging from 0 to 3, in agreement with the theory, while there is no
convergence if we choose $\alpha=4$. We repeat the same analysis for
$\omega^{2\alpha}[\chi^{(3)}(3\omega; \omega, \omega ,\omega)]^{2}$ and show
that a larger number of independent K-K relations connect the real and the
imaginary part of the function under examination. We also compute the sum rules
for the suitable moments of the real and imaginary parts, and observe that only
considering higher powers of the susceptibility the correct vanishing sum rules
are more precisely obeyed. Sum rules providing explicit information about
structural properties of the material seem to require wider spectral range.
These constraints are expected to hold for any material and provide fundamental
tests of self-consistency that any experimental or model generated data have to
obey.


title: Stochastic Force Defined Evolution in Dynamical Systems

abstract:
  Dynamics near and far away from thermal equilibrium is studied within the
framework of Langevin equations. A stochasticity-dissipation relation is
proposed to emphasize the equal importance of the stochastic and deterministic
forces in describing the system's evolution and destination. It is a
generalization of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. Close to a stationary
state an explicit construction of the potential energy is given through a
gauged singular decomposition. Possible directions to extend the present study
into generic situations are pointed out.


title:
Simplicial edge representation of protein structures and alpha contact
  potential with confidence measure

abstract:
  Protein representation and potential function are essential ingredients for
studying proteins folding and protein prediction. We introduce a novel
geometric representation of contact interactions using the edge simplices from
alpha shape of protein structure. This representation can eliminate implausible
neighbors not in physical contact, and can avoid spurious contact between two
residues when a third residue is between them. We develop statistical alpha
contact potential. A studentized bootstrap method is then introduced for
assessing the 95% confidence intervals for each of the 210 parameters. We found
with confidence that there is significant long range propensity (>30 residues
apart) for hydrophobic interactions. We test alpha contact potential for native
structure discrimination using several decoy sets, and found it often has
comparable performance with atom-based potentials requiring more parameters. We
also show that alpha contact potential has better performance than potential
defined by cut-off distance between geometric centers of side chains.
Clustering of alpha contact potentials reveals natural grouping of residues. To
explore the relationship between shape representation and physicochemical
representation, we test the minimum alphabet size for structure discrimination.
We found that there is no significant difference in discrimination when
alphabet size varies from 7 to 20, if geometry is represented accurately by
alpha simplicial edges. This result suggests that the geometry of packing plays
an important role, but the specific residue types are often interchangeable.


title:
The Flowing System Gasdynamics Part 4: Influence of the incident flow
  velocity on the outflow velocity out of flowing eleme

abstract:
  It is shown, that the introduction in Saint-Venant -Wantzel formula radicand
of the free component in the form of quadrate of velocity of the incident gas
flow on inlet of flowing element that was offered in the end of the XIX century
and is remained till now it is physically inadequate. It is shown that this way
is doubtful for hydromechanics and it absolutely is not reasonably for
gasdynamics. Physically exact form of writing of static head law for flowing
element and relevant to this, the modern form of Saint-Venant - Wantzel formula
are submitted ad-hoc. The obtained expressions allow physically correctly to
take into account both combined and isolated influence of pressure drop
applying to the flowing element and velocity of incident gas flow on flowing
element, on quantity of the outflow velocity of gas stream out of this flowing
element, system. The obtained expressions are valid for a subsonic velocity of
the incident gas flow. The particular expressions are obtained for liquid.


title: Alignment-to-orientation conversion and nuclear quadrupole resonance

abstract:
  The role of alignment-to-orientation conversion (AOC) in nuclear quadrupole
resonance (NQR) is discussed. AOC is shown to be the mechanism responsible for
the appearance of macroscopic orientation in a sample originally lacking any
global polarization. Parallels are drawn between NQR and AOC in atomic physics.


title: Laser-induced hydrodynamic instability of fluid interfaces

abstract:
  We report on a new class of electromagnetically-driven fluid interface
instability. Using the optical radiation pressure of a cw laser to bend a very
soft near-critical liquid-liquid interface, we show that it becomes unstable
for sufficiently large beam power P, leading to the formation of a stationary
beam-centered liquid micro-jet. We explore the behavior of the instability
onset by tuning the interface softness with temperature and varying the size of
the exciting beam. The instability mechanism is experimentally demonstrated. It
simply relies on total reflection of light at the deformed interface whose
condition provides the universal scaling relation for the onset Ps of the
instability.


title: Conformal mapping of some non-harmonic functions in transport theory

abstract:
  Conformal mapping has been applied mostly to harmonic functions, i.e.
solutions of Laplace's equation. In this paper, it is noted that some other
equations are also conformally invariant and thus equally well suited for
conformal mapping in two dimensions. In physics, these include steady states of
various nonlinear diffusion equations, the advection-diffusion equations for
potential flows, and the Nernst-Planck equations for bulk electrochemical
transport. Exact solutions for complicated geometries are obtained by conformal
mapping to simple geometries in the usual way. Novel examples include nonlinear
advection-diffusion layers around absorbing objects and concentration
polarizations in electrochemical cells. Although some of these results could be
obtained by other methods, such as Boussinesq's streamline coordinates, the
present approach is based on a simple unifying principle of more general
applicability. It reveals a basic geometrical equivalence of similarity
solutions for a broad class of transport processes and paves the way for new
applications of conformal mapping, e.g. to non-Laplacian fractal growth.


title: Electron-impact broadening of the 3s-3p lines in low-Z Li-like ions

abstract:
  The collisional electron-impact line widths of the 3s-3p transitions in
Li-like ions from B III to Ne VIII are calculated with the convergent
close-coupling (CCC) method from the atomic collision theory. The elastic and
inelastic contributions to the line broadening and their Z-scaling are
discussed in detail, and comparisons with recent experimental and theoretical
results are also presented. It is found that similar to our previous study of
line broadening in Be-like ions, the difference between experimental and CCC
results monotonically increases with the spectroscopic charge of an ion.


title: Growth Velocities of Branched Actin Networks

abstract:
  The growth of an actin network against an obstacle that stimulates branching
locally is studied using several variants of a kinetic rate model based on the
orientation-dependent number density of filaments. The model emphasizes the
effects of branching and capping on the density of free filament ends. The
variants differ in their treatment of side vs. end branching and
dimensionality, and assume that new branches are generated by existing branches
(autocatalytic behavior) or independently of existing branches (nucleation
behavior). In autocatalytic models, the network growth velocity is rigorously
independent of the opposing force exerted by the obstacle, and the network
density is proportional to the force. The dependence of the growth velocity on
the branching and capping rates is evaluated by a numerical solution of the
rate equations. In side-branching models, the growth velocity drops gradually
to zero with decreasing branching rate, while in end-branching models the drop
is abrupt. As the capping rate goes to zero, it is found that the behavior of
the velocity is sensitive to the thickness of the branching region. Experiments
are proposed for using these results to shed light on the nature of the
branching process.


title: Mona Lisa - ineffable smile of quantum mechanics

abstract:
  The portrait of Mona Lisa is scrutinized with reference to quantum mechanics.
The elements of different expressions are firstly recognized on her face. The
contradictory details are then classified in two pictures that, undoubtedly
representing distinct moods, confirm dichotomous character of the original.
Consecutive discussion has lead to conclusion that the mysterious state Mona
Lisa is in actually is coherent mixture - superposition, of cheerfulness and
sadness.

categories: physics.pop-ph math.HO physics.ed-ph quant-ph


title: On the Theory of Vibronic Laser

abstract:
  Some aspects of lasing at vibronic transitions in impurity crystals are
theoretically studied. The threshold conditions for a vibronic laser are shown
to be dependent on the strength of interaction of optical centers with a local
vibration, which forms the vibronic spectrum, and the crystal lattice
temperature. The theory can be easily generalized to the spectrum containing a
structureless phonon sideband and well agrees with the experimental temperature
dependence of the output power of a Mg2SiO4:Cr4+ forsterite laser.


title: Causality and time-space evolution of physical systems

abstract:
  All physical process are subject to some laws which determine with math
accurately its time-space evolution. These laws are described, in the last
analysis for the principle of causality. The physical space can be homogeneous
or heterogeneous in function of the distribution of the physical magnitudes.
Applying the principle of causality to the homogeneous space we observe that
its more important qualities are: their metric does not depend of the
4coordeninate where it is measured and the light speed constancy [1]. However,
to apply the principle of causality in the heterogeneous space is very much
fruitful. Thanks to the presence of physical magnitudes that vary in the 4space
we can find the equations that this magnitudes should verify so that it takes
place their space and time evolution.
  Working on the principle of causality like axiom for describe our physical
systems, we will obtain the most basic expression of evolution of the
magnitudes of the physical system. This expression coincides with the principle
of action expressed for a tensorial action [2]. The scalar form of this
principle coincides, in its turn, with the traditional relativistic and quantum
expression, of the principle of action or principle of least action according
to other authors.


title:
Experimental Observation of Differences in the Dynamic Response of
  Newtonian and Viscoelastic Fluids

abstract:
  In this paper we present an experimental study of the dynamic responses of a
Newtonian fluid and a Maxwellian fluid under an oscillating pressure gradient.
We use laser Doppler anemometry in order to determine the velocity of each
fluid inside a cylindrical tube. In the case of the Newtonian fluid, the
dissipative nature is observed and the response obeys the Zhou and Sheng
universality (PRB 39, 12027 (1989)). In the dynamic response of the Maxwellian
fluid an enhancement at the frequencies predicted by the corresponding theory
(PRE 58, 6323 (1998)) is observed.


title: A New Limit on Signals of Lorentz Violation in Electrodynamics

abstract:
  We describe the results of an experiment to test for spacetime anisotropy
terms that might exist from Lorentz violations. The apparatus consists of a
pair of cylindrical superconducting cavity-stabilized oscillators operating in
the TM_{010} mode with one axis east-west and the other vertical. Spatial
anisotropy is detected by monitoring the beat frequency at the sidereal rate
and its first harmonic. We see no anisotropy to a part in 10^{13}. This puts a
comparable bound on four linear combinations of parameters in the general
Standard Model extension, and a weaker bound of <4 x 10^{-9} on three others.

categories: physics.class-ph gr-qc hep-ex hep-ph physics.gen-ph


title: Multichannel cold collisions between metastable Sr atoms

abstract:
  We present a multichannel scattering calculation of elastic and inelastic
cold collisions between two low-field seeking, metastable ^{88}Sr [(5s5p)
^3P_2] atoms in the presence of an external magnetic field. The scattering
physics is governed by strong anisotropic long-range interactions, which lead
to pronounced coupling among the partial waves of relative motion. As a result,
nonadiabatic transitions are shown to trigger a high rate of inelastic losses.
At relatively high energies, T > 100 mkK, the total inelastic collision rate is
comparable with the elastic rate. However, at lower collisional energy, the
elastic rate decreases, and at T ~ 1mkK, it becomes substantially smaller than
the inelastic rate. Our study suggests that magnetic trapping and evaporative
cooling of ^{88}Sr [(5s5p) ^3P_2] atoms, as well as ^{40}Ca [(4s4p) ^3P_2], in
low-field seeking states will prove difficult to achieve experimentally.


title: Are There "Neutrino Flavors"? : More on the Equation H = mv^2

abstract:
  In a recent work by the author it was demonstrated that the "neutrino" that
is currently being detected in solar reactions (and possibly in other high
energy nuclear reactions) is not Pauli's particle; as it became clear that such
a particle is an unnecessary proposition in explaining the beta-decay reaction.
In addition, it became obvious that concepts such as "flavor oscillations" of
the solar neutrinos are superfluous. In this paper it is further demonstrated
that if certain key experiments of the past are reinterpreted in view of the
total energy equation H=mv^2, then the principle of the existence of different
neutrino "flavors" is itself very questionable.


title: Magnetoelectric Jones Dichroism in Atoms

abstract:
  The authors suggest that atomic experiments measuring the interference
between magnetic-dipole and electric-field-induced electric-dipole transition
amplitudes provide a valuable system to study magnetoelectric Jones effects.


title:
Electron capture decay of indium-111 human carbonic anhydrase I: A time
  differential K X ray coincidence perturbed angular correlation study

abstract:
  The relaxation effects in the perturbed angular correlation spectra of
indium-111 human carbonic anhydrase I (HCA I) are the result of chemical
transmutation and/or the complex Auger cascades that follow the electron
capture decay of indium-111. Time differential K X ray coincidence perturbed
angular correlation (PAC) spectroscopy shows that these relaxation effects are
independent of the Auger cascade intensity. This suggests that chemical
transmutation is responsible for the relaxation effects, and that bond breaking
and damage product formation around the decay site resulting from localized
energy deposition by Auger and Coster-Kronig electrons probably occur in the
microsecond time regime. Numerical simulations of chemical transmutation
relaxation effects in the time differential PAC spectrum of indium-111 HCA I
are also presented.


title:
No stable gravitationally or electrostatically bound atoms in n-space
  for n > 3

abstract:
  It is demonstrated in general that stable gravitational or electrostatic
orbits are not possible for spatial dimensions n >=4, and in particular atoms
cannot be bound by energy constraints in higher dimensions. Furthermore,
angular momentum cannot be quantized in the usual manner in 4-space, leading to
interesting constraints on mass. Thus Kaluza Klein and string theory may be
impacted since it appears that the unfurled higher dimensions of string theory
will not permit the existence of energetically stable atoms. This also has
bearing on the search for deviations from 1/r2 of the gravitational force at
sub-millimeter distances. The results here imply that such a deviation must
occur at less than ~ 10-8 cm, since atoms would be unstable if the curled up
dimensions were larger than this.


title:
Nonlinear phenomena in fluids with temperature-dependent viscosity: an
  hysteresis model for magma flow in conduits

abstract:
  Magma viscosity is strongly temperature-dependent. When hot magma flows in a
conduit, heat is lost through the walls and the temperature decreases along the
flow causing a viscosity increase. For particular values of the controlling
parameters the steady-flow regime in a conduit shows two stable solutions
belonging either to the slow or to the fast branch. As a consequence, this
system may show an hysteresis effect, and the transition between the two
branches can occur quickly when certain critical points are reached. In this
paper we describe a model to study the relation between the pressure at the
inlet and the volumetric magma flow rate in a conduit. We apply this model to
explain an hysteric jump observed during the dome growth at Soufri\`ere Hills
volcano (Montserrat), and described by Melnik and Sparks [1999] using a
different model.