title:
Overtone spectra and intensities of tetrahedral molecules in
  boson-realization models

abstract:
  The stretching and bending vibrational spectrum and the intensities of
infrared transitions in a tetrahedral molecule are studied in two
boson-realization models, where the interactions between stretching and bending
vibrations are described by a quadratic cross term and by Fermi resonance
terms, called harmonically coupled and Fermi resonance boson-realization model,
respectively. The later is a development of our recent model. As an example,
the two models are applied to the overtone spectrum and the intensities of
silicon tetrafluorde. Those models provide fits to the published experimental
vibrational eigenvalues with standard deviations 1.956 cm$^{-1}$ and 0.908
cm$^{-1}$, respectively. The intensities of infrared transitions of its
complete vibrations are calculated in the two models, and results show a good
agreement with the observed data.


title: Spacetime Foliations and p-Brane Dynamics

abstract:
  This paper has been withdrawn by the author. Proofs of two propositions need
more details.


title: On the evaluation of some three-body variational integrals

abstract:
  Stable recursive relations are presented for the numerical computation of the
integrals
  $$\int d{\bf r}_1 d{\bf r}_2 r_1^{l-1} r_2^{m-1} r_{12}^{n-1}
  \exp{\{-\alpha r_1 -\beta r_2 -\gamma r_{12}\}}$$
  ($l$, $m$ and $n$ integer, $\alpha$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$ real) when the
indices $l$, $m$ or $n$ are negative. Useful formulas are given for particular
values of the parameters $\alpha$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$.


title: The Definability of Fields

abstract:
  We look for a deep connection between mathematics and physics. Our approach
is to propose a set theory T which leads to a concise mathematical description
of physical fields and to a finite unit of action. The concept of
"definability" of fields is then introduced. Definabilty of fields in T is
necessary and sufficient for quantization and sufficient to avoid physical
antinomies.


title: History and outlook of statistical physics

abstract:
  This paper gives a short review of the history of statistical physics
starting from D. Bernoulli's kinetic theory of gases in the 18th century until
the recent new developments in nonequilibrium kinetic theory in the last
decades of this century. The most important contributions of the great
physicists Clausius, Maxwell and Boltzmann are sketched. It is shown how the
reversibility and the recurrence paradox are resolved within Boltzmann's
statistical interpretation of the second law of thermodynamics. An approach to
classical and quantum statistical mechanics is outlined. Finally the progress
in nonequilibrium kinetic theory in the second half of this century is sketched
starting from the work of N.N. Bogolyubov in 1946 up to the progress made
recently in understanding the diffusion processes in dense fluids using
computer simulations and analytical methods.


title: Hamiltonian structure of Hamiltonian chaos

abstract:
  From a kinematical point of view, the geometrical information of hamiltonian
chaos is given by the (un)stable directions, while the dynamical information is
given by the Lyapunov exponents. The finite time Lyapunov exponents are of
particular importance in physics. The spatial variations of the finite time
Lyapunov exponent and its associated (un)stable direction are related. Both of
them are found to be determined by a new hamiltonian of same number of degrees
of freedom as the original one. This new hamiltonian defines a flow field with
characteristically chaotic trajectories. The direction and the magnitude of the
phase flow field give the (un)stable direction and the finite time Lyapunov
exponent of the original hamiltonian. Our analysis was based on a $1{1\over 2}$
degree of freedom hamiltonian system.

categories: physics.class-ph math-ph math.MP nlin.CD


title:
Wei Hua's Four Parameter Potential Comments and Computation of Moleculer
  Constants \alpha_e and \omega_e x_e

abstract:
  The value of adjustable parameter $C$ and the four-parameter potential $U(r)
= D_{e}\left [ \frac{1-{exp}[-b(r-r_{e})]}{1-C{exp} [-b(r-r_{e})]} \right
]^{2}$ has been expressed in terms of molecular parameters and its significance
has been brought out. The potential so constructed, with $C$ derived from the
molecular parameters, has been applied to ten electronic states in addition to
the states studied by Wei Hua. Average mean deviation has been found to be 3.47
as compared to 6.93, 6.95 and 9.72 obtained from Levine2, Varshni and Morse
potentials, respectively. Also Dunham's method has been used to express
rotation-vibration interaction constant $(\alpha_{e})$ and anharmonocity
constant $(\omega_{e}x_{e})$ in terms of $C$ and other molecular constants.
These relations have been employed to determine these quantities for 37
electronic states. For $\alpha_{e}$, the average mean deviation is 7.2%
compared to 19.7% for Lippincott's potential which is known to be the best to
predict the values. Average mean deviation for $(\omega_{e}x_{e})$ turns out to
be 17.4% which is almost the same as found from Lippincott's potential
function.


title: Annealed Importance Sampling

abstract:
  Simulated annealing - moving from a tractable distribution to a distribution
of interest via a sequence of intermediate distributions - has traditionally
been used as an inexact method of handling isolated modes in Markov chain
samplers. Here, it is shown how one can use the Markov chain transitions for
such an annealing sequence to define an importance sampler. The Markov chain
aspect allows this method to perform acceptably even for high-dimensional
problems, where finding good importance sampling distributions would otherwise
be very difficult, while the use of importance weights ensures that the
estimates found converge to the correct values as the number of annealing runs
increases. This annealed importance sampling procedure resembles the second
half of the previously-studied tempered transitions, and can be seen as a
generalization of a recently-proposed variant of sequential importance
sampling. It is also related to thermodynamic integration methods for
estimating ratios of normalizing constants. Annealed importance sampling is
most attractive when isolated modes are present, or when estimates of
normalizing constants are required, but it may also be more generally useful,
since its independent sampling allows one to bypass some of the problems of
assessing convergence and autocorrelation in Markov chain samplers.


title: General Formulation of Quantum Analysis

abstract:
  A general formulation of noncommutative or quantum derivatives for operators
in a Banach space is given on the basis of the Leibniz rule, irrespective of
their explicit representations such as the G\^ateaux derivative or commutators.
This yields a unified formulation of quantum analysis, namely the invariance of
quantum derivatives, which are expressed by multiple integrals of ordinary
higher derivatives with hyperoperator variables. Multivariate quantum analysis
is also formulated in the present unified scheme by introducing a partial inner
derivation and a rearrangement formula. Operator Taylor expansion formulas are
also given by introducing the two hyperoperators $ \delta_{A \to B} \equiv
-\delta_A^{-1} \delta_B$ and $d_{A \to B} \equiv \delta_{(-\delta_A^{-1}B) ;
A}$ with the inner derivation $\delta_A : Q \mapsto [A,Q] \equiv AQ-QA$.
Physically the present noncommutative derivatives express quantum fluctuations
and responses.


title: Two--Electron Atoms in Short Intense Laser Pulses

abstract:
  We discuss a method of solving the time dependent Schrodinger equation for
atoms with two active electrons in a strong laser field, which we used in a
previous paper [A. Scrinzi and B. Piraux, Phys. Rev. A 56, R13 (1997)] to
calculate ionization, double excitation and harmonic generation in Helium by
short laser pulses. The method employs complex scaling and an expansion in an
explicitly correlated basis. Convergence of the calculations is documented and
error estimates are provided. The results for Helium at peak intensities up to
  10^15 W/cm^2 and wave length 248 nm are accurate to at least 10 %. Similarly
accurate calculations are presented for electron detachment and double
excitation of the negative hydrogen ion.


title:
The solution of multi-scale partial differential equations using
  wavelets

abstract:
  Wavelets are a powerful new mathematical tool which offers the possibility to
treat in a natural way quantities characterized by several length scales. In
this article we will show how wavelets can be used to solve partial
differential equations which exhibit widely varying length scales and which are
therefore hardly accessible by other numerical methods. As a benchmark
calculation we solve Poisson's equation for a 3-dimensional Uranium dimer. The
length scales of the charge distribution vary by 4 orders of magnitude in this
case. Using lifted interpolating wavelets the number of iterations is
independent of the maximal resolution and the computational effort therefore
scales strictly linearly with respect to the size of the system.


title: Diagnostic criterion for crystallized beams

abstract:
  Small ion crystals in a Paul trap are stable even in the absence of laser
cooling. Based on this theoretically and experimentally well-established fact
we propose the following diagnostic criterion for establishing the presence of
a crystallized beam: Absence of heating following the shut-down of all cooling
devices. The validity of the criterion is checked with the help of detailed
numerical simulations.


title: Thirring Solitons in the presence of dispersion

abstract:
  The effect of dispersion or diffraction on zero-velocity solitons is studied
for the generalized massive Thirring model describing a nonlinear optical fiber
with grating or parallel-coupled planar waveguides with misaligned axes. The
Thirring solitons existing at zero dispersion/diffraction are shown numerically
to be separated by a finite gap from three isolated soliton branches. Inside
the gap, there is an infinity of multi-soliton branches. Thus, the Thirring
solitons are structurally unstable. In another parameter region (far from the
Thirring limit), solitons exist everywhere.


title: Charge Deficiency, Charge Transport and Comparison of Dimensions

abstract:
  We study the relative index of two orthogonal infinite dimensional
projections which, in the finite dimensional case, is the difference in their
dimensions. We relate the relative index to the Fredholm index of appropriate
operators, discuss its basic properties, and obtain various formulas for it. We
apply the relative index to counting the change in the number of electrons
below the Fermi energy of certain quantum systems and interpret it as the
charge deficiency. We study the relation of the charge deficiency with the
notion of adiabatic charge transport that arises from the consideration of the
adiabatic curvature. It is shown that, under a certain covariance,
(homogeneity), condition the two are related. The relative index is related to
Bellissard's theory of the Integer Hall effect. For Landau Hamiltonians the
relative index is computed explicitly for all Landau levels.

categories: math-ph cond-mat.mes-hall math.MP physics.bio-ph


title: Superluminal Optical Phase Conjugation: Pulse Reshaping and Instability

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate the response of optical phase conjugators to
incident probe pulses. In the stable (sub-threshold) operating regime of an
optical phase conjugator it is possible to transmit probe pulses with a
superluminally advanced peak, whereas conjugate reflection is always
subluminal. In the unstable (above-threshold) regime, superluminal response
occurs both in reflection and in transmission, at times preceding the onset of
exponential growth due to the instability.


title: Design criteria of a chemical reactor based on a chaotic flow

abstract:
  We consider the design criteria of a chemical mixing device based on a
chaotic flow, with an emphasis on the steady-state devices. The merit of a
reactor, defined as the $Q$-factor, is related to the physical dimension of the
device and the molecular diffusivity of the reactants through the local
Lyapunov exponents of the flow. The local Lyapunov exponent can be calculated
for any given flow field and it can also be measured in experimental
situations. Easy-to-compute formulae are provided to estimate the $Q$-factor
given either the exact spatial dependence of the local Lyapunov exponent or its
probability distribution function. The requirements for optimization are made
precise in the context of local Lyapunov exponents.

categories: physics.flu-dyn chao-dyn nlin.CD physics.chem-ph


title: Squeezed States as Representations of Symplectic Groups

abstract:
  It is shown that the SU(1,1)-like and SU(2)-like two-photon coherent states
can be combined to form a O(3,2)-like two-photon states. Since the O(3,2) group
has many subgroups, there are also many new interesting new coherent and
squeezed two-photon states. Among them is the two-photon sheared state whose
symmetry property is like that for the two-dimensional Euclidean group. There
are now two-phonon coherent states which may exhibit symmetries not yet
observed for photons, including sheared states. Let us note that both SU(1,1)
and S(3,2) are isomorphic to the symplectic groups Sp(2) and Sp(4)
respectively, and that symplectic transformations consist of rotations and
squeeze transformations.


title: Quasi-chemical Theories of Associated Liquids

abstract:
  It is shown how traditional development of theories of fluids based upon the
concept of physical clustering can be adapted to an alternative local
clustering definition. The alternative definition can preserve a detailed
valence description of the interactions between a solution species and its
near-neighbors, i.e., cooperativity and saturation of coordination for strong
association. These clusters remain finite even for condensed phases. The
simplest theory to which these developments lead is analogous to quasi-chemical
theories of cooperative phenomena. The present quasi-chemical theories require
additional consideration of packing issues because they don't impose lattice
discretizations on the continuous problem. These quasi-chemical theories do not
require pair decomposable interaction potential energy models. Since
calculations may be required only for moderately sized clusters, we suggest
that these quasi-chemical theories could be implemented with computational
tools of current electronic structure theory. This can avoid an intermediate
step of approximate force field generation.


title: Atoms in static fields: Chaos or Diffraction?

abstract:
  A brief review of the manifestations of classical chaos observed in atomic
systems is presented. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of atomic
spectra by periodic orbit-type theories. For diamagnetic non-hydrogenic Rydberg
atoms, the dynamical explanation for observed spectral features has been
disputed. By building on our previous work on the photoabsorption spectrum, we
show how, by the addition of diffractive terms, the spectral fluctuations in
the energy level spectrum of general Rydberg atoms can be obtained with
remarkable precision from the Gutzwiller trace formula. This provides further
evidence that non-hydrogenic systems are most naturally described in terms of
diffraction rather than classical chaos.


title: On the Dynamical Stability of the Hovering Magnetic Top

abstract:
  In this paper we analyze the dynamic stability of the hovering magnetic top
from first principles without using any preliminary assumptions. We write down
the equations of motion for all six degrees of freedom and solve them
analytically around the equilibrium solution. Using this solution we then find
conditions which the height of the hovering top above the base, its total mass,
and its spinning speed have to satisfy for stable hovering. The calculation
presented in this paper can be used as a guide to the analysis and synthesis of
magnetic traps for neutral particles.


title: Thin gap parallel mesh chamber: a sparkless high-rate detector

abstract:
  In this work we describe a parallel geometry gaseous detector constituted by
a thin (0.6 mm) amplifying gap preceded by a drift region. The gap is delimited
by a metal plate and by a wire mesh. The detector can count up to a rate of
10^7 Hz/mm2 at gain 1000 and retains at lower counting rates the high gains
(close to 10^6) that are typical of parallel geometry detectors. Additionally
it was found that in the thin amplifying gap the discharges seem to be
self-quenched and that full sparks do not develop. This fact, together with the
robustness of the electrode materials, makes this an extremely resilient
high-rate detector.


title:
Asymptotic Theory of Particle Trapping in Coherent Nonlinear Alfven
  Waves

abstract:
  A fully nonlinear, time-asymptotic theory of resonant particle trapping in
large-amplitude quasi-parallel Alfven waves is presented. The effect of trapped
particles on the nonlinear dynamics of quasi-stationary Alfvenic
discontinuities and coherent Alfven waves is highly non-trivial and forces to a
significant departure of the theory from the conventional DNLS and KNLS
equation models. The virial theorem is used to determine the time-asymptotic
distribution function.

categories: physics.plasm-ph astro-ph nlin.PS patt-sol physics.space-ph


title:
Potential Momentum, Gauge Theory, and Electromagnetism in Introductory
  Physics

abstract:
  If potential energy is the timelike component of a four-vector, then there
must be a corresponding spacelike part which would logically be called the
potential momentum. The potential four-momentum consisting of the potential
momentum and the potential energy taken together is just the gauge field of the
associated force times the charge associated with that force. The canonical
momentum is the sum of the ordinary and potential momenta. Refraction of matter
waves by a discontinuity in a gauge field can be used to explore the effects of
gauge fields at an elementary level. Using this tool it is possible to show how
the Lorentz force law of electromagnetism follows from gauge theory. The
resulting arguments are accessible to students at the level of the introductory
calculus-based physics course and tie together classical and quantum mechanics,
relativity, gauge theory, and electromagnetism. The resulting economy of
presentation makes it easier to include modern physics in the one year course
normally available for teaching introductory physics.


title: Algebras, Derivations and Integrals

abstract:
  In the context of the integration over algebras introduced in a previous
paper, we obtain several results for a particular class of associative algebras
with identity. The algebras of this class are called self-conjugated, and they
include, for instance, the paragrassmann algebras of order $p$, the
quaternionic algebra and the toroidal algebras. We study the relation between
derivations and integration, proving a generalization of the standard result
for the Riemann integral about the translational invariance of the measure and
the vanishing of the integral of a total derivative (for convenient boundary
conditions). We consider also the possibility, given the integration over an
algebra, to define from it the integral over a subalgebra, in a way similar to
the usual integration over manifolds. That is projecting out the submanifold in
the integration measure. We prove that this is possible for paragrassmann
algebras of order $p$, once we consider them as subalgebras of the algebra of
the $(p+1)\times(p+1)$ matrices. We find also that the integration over the
subalgebra coincides with the integral defined in the direct way. As a
by-product we can define the integration over a one-dimensional Grassmann
algebra as a trace over $2\times 2$ matrices.


title: Advection and diffusion in a three dimensional chaotic flow

abstract:
  The advection-diffusion equation is studied via a global Lagrangian
coordinate transformation. The metric tensor of the Lagrangian coordinates
couples the dynamical system theory rigorously into the solution of this class
of partial differential equations. If the flow has chaotic streamlines, the
diffusion will dominate the solution at a critical time, which scales
logarithmically with the diffusivity. The subsequent rapid diffusive relaxation
is completed on the order of a few Lyapunov times, and it becomes more
anisotropic the smaller the diffusivity. The local Lyapunov time of the flow is
the inverse of the finite time Lyapunov exponent. A finite time Lyapunov
exponent can be expressed in terms of two convergence functions which are
responsible for the spatio-temporal complexity of both the advective and
diffusive transports. This complexity gives a new class of diffusion barrier in
the chaotic region and a fractal-like behavior in both space and time. In an
integrable flow with shear, there also exist fast and slow diffusion. But
unlike that in a chaotic flow, a large gradient of the scalar field across the
KAM surfaces can be maintained since the fast diffusion in an integrable flow
is strictly confined within the KAM surfaces.

categories: physics.flu-dyn chao-dyn math-ph math.MP nlin.CD


title: A New Pleiades Member at the Lithium Substellar Boundary

abstract:
  We present the discovery of an object in the Pleiades open cluster, named
Teide 2, with optical and infrared photometry which place it on the cluster
sequence slightly below the expected substellar mass limit. We have obtained
low- and high-resolution spectra that allow us to determine its spectral type
(M6), radial velocity and rotational broadening; and to detect H$_\alpha$ in
emission and Li I 670.8 nm in absorption. All the observed properties strongly
support the membership of Teide 2 into the Pleiades. This object has an
important role in defining the reappearance of lithium below the substellar
limit in the Pleiades. The age of the Pleiades very low-mass members based on
their luminosities and absence or presence of lithium is constrained to be in
the range 100--120 Myr.


title:
Models of low-speed flow for near-critical fluids with gravitational and
  capillary effects

abstract:
  We study low-speed flows of a highly compressible, single-phase fluid in the
presence of gravity, for example in a regime appropriate for modeling recent
space-shuttle experiments on fluids near the liquid-vapor critical point. In
the equations of motion, we include forces due to capillary stresses that arise
from a contribution made by strong density gradients to the free energy. We
derive formally simplified sets of equations in a low-speed limit analogous to
the zero Mach number limit in combustion theory.
  When viscosity is neglected and gravity is weak, the simplified system
includes: a hyperbolic equation for velocity, a parabolic equation for
temperature, an elliptic equation related to volume expansion, an
integro-differential equation for mean pressure, and an algebraic equation (the
equation of state). Solutions are determined by initial values for the mean
pressure, the temperature field, and the divergence-free part of the velocity
field. To model multidimensional flows with strong gravity, we offer an
alternative to the anelastic approximation, one which admits stratified fluids
in thermodynamic equilibrium, as well as gravity waves but not acoustic waves.


title: On infinitesimal symmetries of the self-dual Yang-Mills equations

abstract:
  Infinite-dimensional algebra of all infinitesimal transformations of
solutions of the self-dual Yang-Mills equations is described. It contains as
subalgebras the infinite-dimensional algebras of hidden symmetries related to
gauge and conformal transformations.


title: SU(3) Revisited

abstract:
  The ``$D$'' matrices for all states of the two fundamental representations
and octet are shown in the generalized Euler angle parameterization. The
raising and lowering operators are given in terms of linear combinations of the
left invariant vector fields of the group manifold in this parameterization.
Using these differential operators the highest weight state of an arbitrary
irreducible representation is found and a description of the calculation of
Clebsch-Gordon coefficients is given.


title: Improved Lee, Oehme and Yang approximation

abstract:
  The Lee, Oehme and Yang (LOY) theory of time evolution in two state subspace
of states of the complete system is discussed. Some inconsistencies in
assumptions and approximations used in the standard derivation of the LOY
effective Hamiltonian, H(LOY), governig this time evolution are found.
Eliminating these inconsistecies and using the LOY method, approximate formulae
for the effective Hamiltonian, H(eff), governing the time evolution in this
subspace (improving those obtained by LOY) are derived. It is found, in
contradistinction to the standard LOY result, that in the case of neutral kaons
(<K(0)|H(eff)|K(0)> - <K(0)-bar|H(eff)|K(0)-bar>), cannot take the zero value
if the total system the preserves CPT--symmetry. Within the use of the method
mentioned above formulae for H(eff) acting in the three state (three
dimensional) subspace of states are also found.


title: A model study of corona emission from hydrometeors

abstract:
  The maximum measured electric fields in thunderclouds are an order of
magnitude less than the fields required for electric breakdown of the air. One
explanation for lightning initiation in these low fields is that electric
breakdown first occurs at the surfaces of raindrops where the ambient field is
enhanced very locally due to the drop geometry. Laboratory experiments [Crabb &
Latham, 1974] indicate that colliding raindrops which coalesce to form
elongated water filaments can produce positive corona in ambient fields close
to those measured in thunderclouds.
  We calculate the E-field distribution around a simulated coalesced drop pair
and use a numerical model to study the positive corona mechanisms in detail.
Our results give good agreement with the laboratory observations. At the
altitudes (and thus low pressures) at which lightning initiation is observed,
our results show that positive corona can occur at observed in-cloud E-fields.


title:
The Radiation Transfer at a Layer of Magnetized Plasma With Random
  Irregularities

abstract:
  The problem of radio wave reflection from an optically thick plane monotonous
layer of magnetized plasma is considered at present work. The plasma electron
density irregularities are described by spatial spectrum of an arbitrary form.
The small-angle scattering approximation in the invariant ray coordinates is
suggested for analytical investigation of the radiation transfer equation. The
approximated solution describing spatial-and-angular distribution of radiation
reflected from a plasma layer has been obtained. The obtained solution has been
investigated numerically for the case of the ionospheric radio wave
propagation. Two effects are the consequence of multiple scattering: change of
the reflected signal intensity and anomalous refraction.


title: Comment on: Diffusion through a slab

abstract:
  Mahan [J. Math. Phys. 36, 6758 (1995)] has calculated the transmission
coefficient and angular distribution of particles which enter a thick slab at
normal incidence and which diffuse in the slab with linear anisotropic,
non-absorbing, scattering. Using orthogonality relations derived by McCormick &
Kuscer [J. Math. Phys. 6, 1939 (1965); 7, 2036 (1966)] for the eigenfunctions
of the problem, this calculation is generalised to a boundary condition with
particle input at arbitrary angles. It is also shown how to use the
orthogonality relations to relax in a simple way the restriction to a thick
slab.


title:
How Good Can We Get? Using mathematical models to predict the future of
  athletics

abstract:
  Track and field world records have risen and fallen throughout the history of
the sport. A recent rash of record-breaking performances has prompted the
question: "How good can we get?". This article offers a review of several
attempts to answer this question, based on mathematical modeling of key
physiological processes. The predictions are compared with present-day world
records, and a discussion of the future of athletics ensues...


title: The probability in the relativistic m+1 space-time

abstract:
  The probability behavior in the m+1 relativistic space-time is considered.
The probability, which is defined by the relativistic m+1-vector of the
probability density, is investigated.


title:
A stochastic model for the semiclassical collective dynamics of charged
  beams in particle accelerators

abstract:
  A recent proposal (see quant-ph/9803068) to simulate semiclassical
corrections to classical dynamics by suitable classical stochastic fluctuations
is applied to the specific instance of charged beam dynamics in particle
accelerators. The resulting picture is that the collective beam dynamics, at
the leading semiclassical order in Planck constant can be described by a
particular diffusion process, the Nelson process, which is time-reversal
invariant. Its diffusion coefficient $\sqrt{N}\lambda_{c}$ represents a
semiclassical unit of emittance (here $N$ is the number of particles in the
beam, and $\lambda_{c}$ is the Compton wavelength). The stochastic dynamics of
the Nelson type can be easily recast in the form of a Schroedinger equation,
with the semiclassical unit of emittance replacing Planck constant. Therefore
we provide a physical foundation to the several quantum-like models of beam
dynamics proposed in recent years. We also briefly touch upon applications of
the Nelson and Schroedinger formalisms to incorporate the description of
collective coherent effects.


title:
Double (implicit and explicit) dependence of the electromagnetic field
  of an accelerated charge on time: Mathematical and physical analysis of the
  problem

abstract:
  We considered the electromagnetic field of a charge moving with a constant
acceleration along an axis. We found that this field obtained from the
Li\'enard-Wiechert potentials does not satisfy Maxwell equations if one
considers exclusively a retarded interaction (i.e. pure implicit dependence
this field on time). We show that if and only if one takes into account both
retarded interaction and direct interaction (so called "action-at-a-distance")
the field produced by an accelerated charge satisfies Maxwell equations.


title:
S_4-symmetry of 6j-symbols and Frobenius-Schur indicators in rigid
  monoidal C^*-categories

abstract:
  We show that a left-rigid monoidal C^*-category with irreducible monoidal
unit is also a sovereign and spherical category. Defining a Frobenius-Schur
type indicator we obtain selection rules for the fusion coefficients of
irreducible objects. As a main result we prove S_4-invariance of 6j-symbols in
such a category.


title:
Return of the Ether: Conjecture That Can Explain Photon and Electron
  Two-Slit Interference

abstract:
  The ether can "explain" certain questionable "quantum realities" in which
single, isolated photons form a diffraction pattern in a two-slit apparatus;
and, similarly, single, isolated electrons form a diffraction pattern in the
equivalent of a two-slit apparatus.
  The notion that every large object, such as the earth, carries its own ether,
is not considered.


title: Radiation Induced Fermion Resonance

abstract:
  The Dirac equation is solved for two novel terms which describe the
interaction energy between the half integral spin of a fermion and the
classical, circularly polarized, electromagnetic field. A simple experiment is
suggested to test the new terms and the existence of radiation induced fermion
resonance.

categories: physics.optics hep-ph physics.atom-ph physics.chem-ph quant-ph


title: Semiclassical spin damping: Superradiance revisited

abstract:
  A well known description of superradiance from pointlike collections of many
atoms involves the dissipative motion of a large spin. The pertinent
``superradiance master equation'' allows for a formally exact solution which we
subject to a semiclassical evaluation. The clue is a saddle-point approximation
for an inverse Laplace transform. All previous approximate treatments,
disparate as they may appear, are encompassed in our systematic formulation. A
byproduct is a hitherto unknown rigorous relation between coherences and
probabilities. Our results allow for generalizations to spin dynamics with
chaos in the classical limit.


title: The Dirac equation approach to spin-1/2 particle beam optics

abstract:
  The traditional approach to accelerator optics, based mainly on classical
mechanics, is working excellently from the practical point of view. However,
from the point of view of curiosity, as well as with a view to explore
quantitatively the consequences of possible small quantum corrections to the
classical theory, a quantum mechanical formalism of accelerator optics for the
Dirac particle is being developed recently. Here, the essential features of
such a quantum beam optical formalism for any spin-$\half$ particle are
reviewed. It seems that the quantum corrections, particularly those due to the
Heisenberg uncertainty, could be important in understanding the nonlinear
dynamics of accelerator beams.

categories: physics.acc-ph chao-dyn hep-ex nlin.CD physics.optics quant-ph


title: Resonant Diffraction Radiation and Smith-Purcell Effect

abstract:
  An approach has been developed where the Smith-Purcell radiation (SPR), i.e.
emission of electrons moving close to a periodic structure, is treated as the
resonant diffraction radiation. Simple formulas have been designed for the SPR
intensity for a grating having perfectly conducting strips spaced by a vacuum
gap. The results have been compared with those obtained via other techniques.
It has been shown that the intensity of radiation for the said gratings for a
relativistic case sufficiently exceeds the SPR intensity for the grating made
up by a periodically deformed continuous surface.


title: On the Spinning Motion of the Hovering Magnetic Top

abstract:
  In this paper we analyze the spinning motion of the hovering magnetic top. We
have observed that its motion looks different from that of a classical top. A
classical top rotates about its own axis which precesses around a vertical
fixed external axis. The hovering magnetic top, on the other hand, has its axis
slightly tilted and moves rigidly as a whole about the vertical axis. We call
this motion synchronous, because in a stroboscopic experiment we see that a
point at the rim of the top moves synchronously with the top axis. We show that
the synchronous motion may be attributed to a small deviation of the magnetic
moment from the symmetry axis of the top. We calculate the minimum angular
velocity required for stability in terms of the moments of inertia and magnetic
field and show that it is different from that of a classical top. We also give
experimental results that were taken with a top whose moment of inertia can be
changed. These results show very good agreement with our calculations.


title:
The induced representations of Brauer algebra and the Clebsch-Gordan
  coefficients of SO(n)

abstract:
  Induced representations of Brauer algebra $D_{f}(n)$ from $S_{f_{1}}\times
S_{f_{2}}$ with $f_{1}+f_{2}=f$ are discussed. The induction coefficients
(IDCs) or the outer-product reduction coefficients (ORCs) of $S_{f_{1}}\times
S_{f_{2}}\uparrow D_{f}(n)$ with $f\leq 4$ up to a normalization factor are
derived by using the linear equation method. Weyl tableaus for the
corresponding Gel'fand basis of SO(n) are defined. The assimilation method for
obtaining CG coefficients of SO(n) in the Gel'fand basis for no modification
rule involved couplings from IDCs of Brauer algebra are proposed. Some
isoscalar factors of $SO(n)\supset SO(n-1)$ for the resulting irrep
$[\lambda_{1},~\lambda_{2},~ \lambda_{3},~\lambda_{4},\dot{0}]$ with
$\sum\limits_{i=1}^{4}\lambda_{i}\leq .


title:
An introduction to some novel applications of Lie algebra cohomology and
  physics

abstract:
  After a self-contained introduction to Lie algebra cohomology, we present
some recent applications in mathematics and in physics. Contents:
  1. Preliminaries: L_X, i_X, d
  2. Elementary differential geometry on Lie groups
  3. Lie algebra cohomology: a brief introduction
  4. Symmetric polynomials and higher order cocycles
  5. Higher order simple and SH Lie algebras
  6. Higher order generalized Poisson structures
  7. Relative cohomology, coset spaces and effective WZW actions


title: All four gauge transformations of the fermion Lagrangian

abstract:
  Four global gauge transformation of the free fermion Lagrangian is
considered. One of these transformations has S(1) symmetry, other
transformation has SU(2) symmetry, and two others have SU(3) symmetry. It is
supposed, that these transformations determine four grades of the physics
interactions - electromagnetic, weak, gravitational and chromatic.


title:
Experimental evidence for a power law in electroencephalographic
  $\alpha$-wave dynamics

abstract:
  We perform an experimental study of the time behavior of the $\alpha$-wave
events occuring in human electroencephalographic signals. We find that the
fraction of the time spent in an $\alpha$-burst of time size $\tau$ exhibits a
scaling behavior as a function of $\tau$. The corresponding exponent is equal
to 1.75$\pm$0.13. We therefore point out the existence of a new power law
appearing in physiology. Furhtermore, we show that our experimental result may
have a possible explanation within a class of Self-Organized Critical (SOC)
models recently proposed by Boettcher and Paczuski. In particular, one of these
models, when properly re-interpreted, seems to be consistent both with our
result and a commonly accepted physiological description of the possible origin
of $\alpha$-wave events.


title:
Can Mechanically Extended Sources of Radiation in Classical
  Electrodynamics Solve all Problems of Radiating Point-Like Sources?

abstract:
  On simple example is shown that a model of mechanically extended source of
radiation in classical electrodynamics indeed has some problems with radiation
reaction force. So one cannot, in general case, state, that the present
situation with classical dynamics of mechanically extended sources of radiation
is "very satisfactory".


title:
Spatial holeburning effects in the amplified spontaneous emission
  spectra of the non-lasing supermode in semiconductor laser arrays

abstract:
  The amplified spontaneous emission spectrum of the light field in the
non-lasing supermode of two coupled semiconductor lasers is analyzed using
linearized Langevin equations. It is shown that the interference betweeen the
laser mode and the fluctuating light field in the non-lasing mode causes
spatial holeburning. This effect introduces a phase sensitive coupling between
the laser field and the fluctuations in the non-lasing mode. For high laser
fields, this coupling splits the spectrum of the non-lasing mode into a triplet
consisting of two relaxation oscillation sidebands which are in phase with the
laser light and a center line at the lasing frequency with a phase shift of pi
half relative to the laser light. As the laser intensity is increased close to
threshold, the spectrum shows a continuous transition from the single amplified
spontaneous emission line at the frequency of the laser mode to the triplet
structure. An analytical expression for this transition is derived and typical
features are discussed.

categories: physics.optics adap-org nlin.AO quant-ph


title:
Giant phase-conjugate reflection with a normal mirror in front of an
  optical phase-conjugator

abstract:
  We theoretically study reflection of light by a phase-conjugating mirror
preceded by a partially reflecting normal mirror. The presence of a suitably
chosen normal mirror in front of the phase conjugator is found to greatly
enhance the total phase-conjugate reflected power, even up to an order of
magnitude. Required conditions are that the phase-conjugating mirror itself
amplifies upon reflection and that constructive interference of light in the
region between the mirrors takes place. We show that the phase-conjugate
reflected power then exhibits a maximum as a function of the transmittance of
the normal mirror.


title: Cooperative dynamics in auditory brain response

abstract:
  Simultaneous estimates of the activity in the left and right auditory cortex
of five normal human subjects were extracted from Multichannel
Magnetoencephalography recordings. Left, right and binaural stimulation were
used, in separate runs, for each subject. The resulting time-series of left and
right auditory cortex activity were analysed using the concept of mutual
information. The analysis constitutes an objective method to address the nature
of inter-hemispheric correlations in response to auditory stimulations. The
results provide a clear evidence for the occurrence of such correlations
mediated by a direct information transport, with clear laterality effects: as a
rule, the contralateral hemisphere leads by 10-20ms, as can be seen in the
average signal. The strength of the inter-hemispheric coupling, which cannot be
extracted from the average data, is found to be highly variable from subject to
subject, but remarkably stable for each subject.

categories: physics.bio-ph adap-org cond-mat nlin.AO q-bio


title: The Living Network of Schools Owned by Teachers and Students

abstract:
  This paper describes a network of teachers and students who form a living
system of education at all levels and achieve high standards. The key process
of the network is the process of effective learning by inquiry. Physics is
distinguished among sciences as the most transparent source of understanding
what it means to learn effectively by inquiry. We suggest that teachers and
others who are interested in building the network start from learning about the
contexts of productive learning by inquiry using specially designed and well
tested materials from education of physics. We provide an outline of the
process of creating the network.


title:
A simple method for the determination of slowly varying refractive index
  profiles from in situ spectrophotometric measurements

abstract:
  Reliable control of the deposition process of optical films and coatings
frequently requires monitoring of the refractive index profile throughout the
layer. In the present work a simple in situ approach is proposed which uses a
WKBJ matrix representation of the optical transfer function of a single thin
film on a substrate. Mathematical expressions are developed which represent the
minima and maxima envelopes of the curves transmittance-vs-time and
reflectance-vs-time. The refractive index and extinction coefficient depth
profiles of different films are calculated from simulated spectra as well as
from experimental data obtained during PECVD of silicon-compound films.
Variation of the deposition rate with time is also evaluated from the position
of the spectra extrema as a function of time. The physical and mathematical
limitations of the method are discussed.


title: The Quantized Hall Effect. (Lab Tutorial. In German.)

abstract:
  This paper is a lab tutorial (and a theory primer) for the integral quantum
Hall effect experiment as conducted at Applied Solid State Physics, University
of Bochum, Germany.


title:
UV continuum emission and diagnostics of hydrogen-containing
  non-equilibrium plasmas

abstract:
  For the first time the emission of the radiative dissociation continuum of
the hydrogen molecule ($a^{3}\Sigma_{g}^{+} \to b^{3}\Sigma_{u}^{+}$ electronic
transition) is proposed to be used as a source of information for the
spectroscopic diagnostics of non-equilibrium plasmas. The detailed analysis of
excitation-deactivation kinetics, rate constants of various collisional and
radiative transitions and fitting procedures made it possible to develop two
new methods of diagnostics of: (1) the ground $X^{1}\Sigma_{g}^{+}$ state
vibrational temperature $T_{\text{vib}}$ from the relative intensity
distribution, and (2) the rate of electron impact dissociation
$(d[\mbox{H$_{2}$}]/dt)_{\text{diss}}$ from the absolute intensity of the
continuum. A known method of determination of $T_{\text{vib}}$ from relative
intensities of Fulcher-$\alpha$ bands was seriously corrected and simplified
due to the revision of $d \to a$ transition probabilities and cross sections of
$d \gets X$ electron impact excitation. General considerations are illustrated
with examples of experiments in pure hydrogen capillary-arc and H$_{2}$+Ar
microwave discharges.


title: The Dynamic Aperture and the High Multipole Limit

abstract:
  Tracking studies have indicated that for a lattice whose elements all have a
single field multipole present, all having the same order k, the dynamic
aperture approaches a non zero limit when k becomes very large. The dynamic
aperture and other properties of the lattice, as k becomes large, will be
called the high multipole limit. It will be shown that the high multipole limit
provides a reasonable estimate of the dynamic aperture of an accelerator, and
the other properties of the high multipole limit found below are useful for
understanding the stability of the accelerator. The high multipole limit is
easily computed and it also provides an estimate of how much can be gained by
correcting the lower field multipoles. The above results will be illustrated by
tracking studies done with a simple one cell lattice, and with a RHIC lattice
having six low beta insertions.


title: Photon-Notoph Equations

abstract:
  In the sixties Ogievetskii and Polubarinov proposed the concept of a notoph,
whose helicity properties are complementary to those of a photon. We analyze
the theory of antisymmetric tensor fields in the view of the normalization
problem. The obtained result is that it is possible to describe both photon and
notoph degrees of freedom on the basis of the modified Bargmann-Wigner
formalism for the symmetric second-rank spinor. Physical consequences are
discussed.

categories: physics.class-ph hep-ph hep-th math-ph math.MP


title:
Threshold Laws for the Break-up of Atomic Particles into Several Charged
  Fragments

abstract:
  The processes with three or more charged particles in the final state exhibit
particular threshold behavior, as inferred by the famous Wannier law for (2e +
ion) system. We formulate a general solution which determines the threshold
behavior of the cross section for multiple fragmentation. Applications to
several systems of particular importance with three, four and five leptons
(electrons and positrons) in the field of charged core; and two pairs of
identical particles with opposite charges are presented. New threshold
exponents for these systems are predicted, while some previously suggested
threshold laws are revised.


title:
Theory, Simulation and Nanotechnological Applications of Adsorption on a
  Surface with Defects

abstract:
  Theory of adsorption on a surface with nanolocal defects is proposed. Two
efficacy parameters of surface modification for nanotechnological purposes are
introduced, where the modification is a creation of nanolocal artificial
defects. The first parameter corresponds to applications where it is necessary
to increase the concentration of certain particles on the modified surface. And
the second one corresponds to the pattern transfer with the help of particle
self-organization on the modified surface. The analytical expressions for both
parameters are derived with the help of the thermodynamic and the kinetic
approaches for two cases: jump diffusion and free motion of adsorbed particles
over the surface. The possibility of selective adsorption of molecules is shown
with the help of simulation of the adsorption of acetylene and benzene
molecules in the pits on the graphite surface. The process of particle
adsorption from the surface into the pit is theoretically studied by molecular
dynamic technique. Some possible nanotechnological applications of adsorption
on the surface with artificial defects are considered: fabrication of sensors
for trace molecule detection, separation of isomers, and pattern transfer.


title:
All-electron Dirac-Coulomb and RECP calculations of excitation energies
  for mercury atom with combined CI/MBPT2 method

abstract:
  Calculations of transition energies between low-lying states of mercury atom
are performed in the frame of combined CI/MBPT2 method. Results of all-electron
relativistic calculations (using the Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian) are compared
with experimental data and results of other four-component calculations. The
results of the RECP calculations are compared with the corresponding
all-electron results in order to estimate accuracy of different RECPs.
Contributions from correlations in different shells to the calculated
excitation energies as well as effects of basis set truncation at different
orbital angular momenta, nuclear models, errors in gaussian approximation of
the GRECP components are reported. Analysis of the obtained results shows that
at least 34 external electrons of mercury atom should be correlated and the
one-electron basis set should contain up to h angular momentum functions in
order to reach a reliable agreement with experimental data within 200 1/cm. It
is concluded that correlations of the 4f electrons can be efficiently taken
into account for 20 electron GRECP at the generation stage.


title:
First Principles Justification of a ``Single Wave Model'' for
  Electrostatic Instabilities

abstract:
  The nonlinear evolution of a unstable electrostatic wave is considered for a
multi-species Vlasov plasma. From the singularity structure of the associated
amplitude expansions, the asymptotic features of the electric field and
distribution functions are determined in the limit of weak instability, i.e.
$\gamma\to 0^+$ where $\gamma$ is the linear growth rate. The asymptotic
electric field is monochromatic at the wavelength of the linear mode with a
nonlinear time dependence. The structure of the distibutions outside the
resonant region is given by the linear eigenfunction but in the resonant region
the distribution is nonlinear. The details depend on whether the ions are fixed
or mobile; in either case the physical picture corresponds to the single wave
model originally proposed by O"Neil, Winfrey, and Malmberg for the interaction
of a cold weak beam with a plasma of fixed ions.


title: Superconducting Superstructure for the TESLA Collider

abstract:
  We discuss the new layout of a cavity chain (superstructure) allowing, we
hope, significant cost reduction of the RF system of both linacs of the TESLA
linear collider. The proposed scheme increases the fill factor and thus makes
an effective gradient of an accelerator higher. We present mainly computations
we have performed up to now and which encouraged us to order the copper model
of the scheme, still keeping in mind that experiments with a beam will be
necessary to prove if the proposed solution can be used for the acceleration.


title: On the possibility of a complex 4-dimensional space-time manifold

abstract:
  The possibility of a complex 4-dimensional space-time manifold is suggested.
This may imply the existence of a matter wave.


title:
Three-dimensional wake fields, generated in plasma by cylindrical
  electron bunch

abstract:
  The expressions for wake fields, generated in plasma (in the plasma waveguide
or unlimited plasma) by relativistic electron bunch, was received and analyzed
for the cases of the presence and absence of strong external longitudinal
magnetic field. For the both cases the comparative analysis of the dependence
of field amplitudes on the parameters of the electron bunch was done.


title: Introduction to the Fock Quantization of the Maxwell Field

abstract:
  In this article we give an introduction to the Fock quantization of the
Maxwell field. At the classical level, we treat the theory in both the
covariant and canonical phase space formalisms. The approach is general since
we consider arbitrary (globally-hyperbolic) space-times. The Fock quantization
is shown to be equivalent to the definition of a complex structure on the
classical phase space. As examples, we consider stationary space-times as well
as ordinary Minkowski space-time. The account is pedagogical in spirit and is
tailored to beginning graduate students. The paper is selfcontained and is
intended to fill an existing gap in the literature.


title: Encryption with Delayed Dynamics

abstract:
  We propose here a new model of encryption of binary data taking advantage of
the complexity associated with delayed dynamics. In this scheme, the encryption
process is a coupling dynamics with various time delays between different bits
in the original data. It is shown that decoding of the encrypted data is
extremely difficult without a complete knowledge of coupling manner with
associated delays for all bits of the data.


title: The Speed of Light and Puranic Cosmology

abstract:
  We survey early Indian ideas on the speed of light and the size of the
universe. A context is provided for Sayana's statement (14th century)that the
speed is 2,202 yojanas per half nimesha (186,000 miles per second!). It is
shown how this statement may have emerged from early Puranic notions regarding
the size of the universe. Although this value can only be considered to be an
amazing coincidence, the Puranic cosmology at the basis of this assertion
illuminates many ancient ideas of space and time.


title: Early Theories on the Distance to the Sun

abstract:
  According to an ancient Indian text (c. 1700 BC?), the heavens are 1000 earth
diameters away from the earth. Other texts took the sun to be halfway to the
heavens, so this suggests a distance of the sun about 500 earth diameters from
the earth. The confirmation for this supposition comes from the later theories
(c. 500 AD) from the same region and from Greek ideas that speak of roughly the
same distance. We suggest that this original conception was transformed by the
later Indian and Greek theories in different ways to deal with contradictory
data related to outer planet periods.


title: Computer-aided analysis of Riemann sheet structures

abstract:
  We report on experience with an investigation of the analytic structure of
the solution of certain algebraic complex equations. In particular the behavior
of their series expansions around the origin is discussed. The investigation
imposes the need for an analysis of the singularities and the Riemann sheets of
the solution, in which numerical methods are used.


title: Signature of the existence of the positronium molecule

abstract:
  The positronium molecule (Ps$_2$) has not been experimentally observed yet
because its tiny (4.5 eV) binding energy cannot be detected when the molecule
annihilates by emitting two photons with energy of 0.51 MeV each. It is shown
in this paper that the electric dipole transition between the recently found
L=1 excited-state and the L=0 ground-state with its characteristic photon
energy of 4.94 eV is a clear signature of the existence of the positronium
molecule and the possibility of its experimental observation is realistic. The
probability of this transition is about 17 % of the total decay rate. An other
Coulomb four-body system containing positron, HPs (the positronium hydride or
hydrogen positride), is also included for comparison.


title: The velocity and angular momentum of a free Dirac electron

abstract:
  It is shown that, in Dirac theory, there is a spatial velocity of a free
electron which commutes with the Hamiltonian, so it is a conserved quantity of
the motion. Furthermore, there is a spatial orbital angular momentum which also
commutes with the Hamiltonian and is a constant of the motion.


title:
The Dynamics of Charges Induced by a Charged Particle Traversing a
  Dielectric Slab

abstract:
  We studied the dynamics of surfacea and wake charges induced by a charged
particle traversing a dielectric slab. It is shown that after the crossing of
the slab first boundary, the induced on the slab surface charge (image charge)
is transformed into the wake charge, which overflows to the second boundary
when the particle crosses it. It is also shown, that the polarization of the
slab is of an oscillatory nature, and the net induced charge in a slab remains
zero at all stages of the motion.


title: The meteoroid hazard for space navigation

abstract:
  Thanks to post-flight analyses of several artificial satellites carried out
during last years, the meteoroids hazard for space navigation and in-orbit
satellites permanence is now clear. Even if catastrophic impact is a rare
event, high meteoroids fluxes can erode and weaken the satellite or space
station main structures. However, the main danger seems to be the
impact-generated plasma, which can produce electromagnetic interferences,
disturbing the on-board electronics.


title:
Electromagnetic interferences from plasmas generated in meteoroids
  impacts

abstract:
  It is shown that the plasma, generated during an impact of a meteoroid with
an artificial satellite, can produce electromagnetic radiation below the
microwave frequency range. This interference is shown to exceed local noise
sources and might disturb regular satellite operations.


title: Isotope shift in the electron affinity of chlorine

abstract:
  The specific mass shift in the electron affinity between ^{35}Cl and ^{37}Cl
has been determined by tunable laser photodetachment spectroscopy to be
-0.51(14) GHz. The isotope shift was observed as a difference in the onset of
the photodetachment process for the two isotopes. In addition, the electron
affinity of Cl was found to be 29138.59(22) cm^{-1}, giving a factor of 2
improvement in the accuracy over earlier measurements. Many-body calculations
including lowest-order correlation effects demonstrates the sensitivity of the
specific mass shift and show that the inclusion of higher-order correlation
effects would be necessary for a quantitative description.


title: Correlated Fast Ion Stopping in Magnetized Classical Plasma

abstract:
  The results of a theoretical investigation on the stopping power of ion pair
in a magnetized electron plasma are presented, with particular emphasis on the
two-ion correlation effects. The analysis is based on the assumptions that the
magnetic field is classically strong ($\lambda_B\ll a_c\ll \lambda_D$, where
$\lambda_B$, $a_c$ and $\lambda_D$ are respectively the electron de Broglie
wavelength, Larmor radius and Debye length) and that the velocity of the two
ions is identical and fixed. The stopping power and % vicinage function in a
plasma are computed by retaining two-ion correlation effects and is compared
with the results of the individual-projectile approximation.


title:
Discrimination of the Healthy and Sick Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System
  by a New Wavelet Analysis of Heartbeat Intervals

abstract:
  We demonstrate that it is possible to distinguish with a complete certainty
between healthy subjects and patients with various dysfunctions of the cardiac
nervous system by way of multiresolutional wavelet transform of RR intervals.
We repeated the study of Thurner et al on different ensemble of subjects. We
show that reconstructed series using a filter which discards wavelet
coefficients related with higher scales enables one to classify individuals for
which the method otherwise is inconclusive. We suggest a delimiting diagnostic
value of the standard deviation of the filtered, reconstructed RR interval time
series in the range of $\sim 0.035$ (for the above mentioned filter), below
which individuals are at risk.

categories: physics.med-ph adap-org chao-dyn nlin.AO nlin.CD physics.bio-ph physics.data-an q-bio


title: On the Theory of Relativistic Strong Plasma Waves

abstract:
  The influence of motion of ions and electron temperature on nonlinear
one-dimensional plasma waves with velocity close to the speed of light in
vacuum is investigated. It is shown that although the wavebreaking field weakly
depends on mass of ions, the nonlinear relativistic wavelength essentially
changes. The nonlinearity leads to the increase of the strong plasma
wavelength, while the motion of ions leads to the decrease of the wavelength.
Both hydrodynamic approach and kinetic one, based on Vlasov-Poisson equations,
are used to investigate the relativistic strong plasma waves in a warm plasma.
The existence of relativistic solitons in a thermal plasma is predicted.


title: Aharonov-Bohm scattering on a cone

abstract:
  The Aharonov-Bohm scattering amplitude is calculated in the context of planar
gravity with localized sources which also carry a magnetic flux. These sources
cause space-time to develop conical singularities at their location, thus
introducing novel effects in the scattering of electrically charged particles.
The behaviour of the wave function in the proximity of the classical scattering
directions is analyzed by means of an asymptotic expansion previously
introduced by the author. It is found that, in contrast with the Aharonov-Bohm
effect in flat space, integer values of the numerical flux can produce
observable effects.


title: Hydrodynamical Equation for Electron Swarms

abstract:
  We study the long time behavior of light particles, e.g. an electron swarm in
which Coulomb interactions are unimportant, subjected to an external field and
elastic collisions with an inert neutral gas. The time evolution of the
velocity and position distribution function is described by a linear Boltzmann
equation (LBE). The small ratio of electron to neutral masses, $\epsilon$,
makes the energy transfer between them very inefficient. We show that under
suitable scalings the LBE reduces, in the limit $\epsilon \to 0$, to a formally
exact equation for the speed (energy) and position distribution of the
electrons which contains mixed spatial and speed derivatives. When the system
is spatially homogeneous this equation reduces to and thus justifies, for
$\epsilon$ small enough, the commonly used ``two-term'' approximation.


title: Raman cooling of atoms below the gravitational limit

abstract:
  Raman cooling of non-zero-spin atoms in the presence of gravitational and
external magnetic fields is investigated. The magnetic field is adjusted so as
to compensate for the gravitational force acting on ground-state atoms. The
dark state (DS) is created and supported in momentum space with additional
velocity-selective two-photon transitions. The minimum allowed temperature is
found to be determined only by the width of velocity selection and therefore
can be much less than the gravitational limit. A complete set of analytical
formulas describing cooling of a dilute atomic sample is derived. They serve as
the basis for numerical simulations which are carried out in the
one-dimensional (1D) case.


title: MSGC Development for HERA-B

abstract:
  The Inner Tracker System of the HERA-B experiment at DESY consists of 184
Microstrip Gas Chambers (MSGC) with a total number of 147 456 electronic read
out channels. The detectors have to cope with particle fluxes up to 25
kHz/mm**2 and to tolerate radiation doses of 1 Mrad per year. During the
development of these chambers it was found that conventional MSGC, operated in
intenses hadronic fluxes, are rapidly destroyed due to induced discharges. The
introduction of a Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) as pre-amplification structure
offers the possibility to build robust and reliable detectors allowing for
ample gain reserve in the hostile environment of HERA-B.


title: Angular Forces Around Transition Metals in Biomolecules

abstract:
  Quantum-mechanical analysis based on an exact sum rule is used to extract an
semiclassical angle-dependent energy function for transition metal ions in
biomolecules. The angular dependence is simple but different from existing
classical potentials. Comparison of predicted energies with a
computer-generated database shows that the semiclassical energy function is
remarkably accurate, and that its angular dependence is optimal.


title: What is the velocity of the electromagnetic field?

abstract:
  A new definition for the electromagnetic field velocity is proposed. The
velocity depends on the physical fields.


title: Switching model with two habitats and a predator involving group defence

abstract:
  Switching model with one predator and two prey species is considered. The
prey species have the ability of group defence. Therefore, the predator will be
attracted towards that habitat where prey are less in number. The stability
analysis is carried out for two equilibrium values. The theoretical results are
compared with the numerical results for a set of values. The Hopf bifuracation
analysis is done to support the stability results.


title: Nonlinear wave propagation through cold plasma

abstract:
  Electromagnetic wave propagation through cold collision free plasma is
studied using the nonlinear perturbation method. It is found that the equations
can be reduced to the modified Kortweg-de Vries equation.


title: On the passibility of a short-lived free Dirac particle

abstract:
  A time-decaying Dirac equation is suggested. For a free particle with rest
mass about 0.5GeV, the live-time is about 10**(-25) second in the rest frame.


title: Partial level densities for nuclear data calculations

abstract:
  The main formalisms of partial level densities (PLD) used in preequilibrium
nuclear reaction models, based on the equidistant spacing model (ESM), are
considered. A collection of FORTRAN77 functions for PLD calculation by using 14
formalisms for the related partial-state densities is provided and 28 sample
cases (73 versions) are described. The results are given in graphic form too.
Composite (recommended) formulas, which include the optional use of various
corrections, i.e. the advanced pairing and shell correction in addition to the
Pauli effect, and average energy-dependent single-particle level densities for
the excited particles and holes, are also given. The formalism comprises the
density of particle-hole bound states, and the effects of an exact correction
for the Pauli-exclusion principle are considered. Keywords: Partial nuclear
level density; Nuclear level density; Single-particle level density;
Equidistant-spacing model; Preequilibrium emission; Nuclear reactions


title:
Reply to the Comment on ``Theorem on the proportionality of inertial and
  gravitational masses in classical mechanics"

abstract:
  In the Comment [Eur. J. Phys., to be published] on our paper [Eur. J. Phys.
19 (1998) 1-6], the author declares that we claim that the ratio of inertial
mass to gravitational mass can be derived ex nihilo and that our paper was
published "by mistake". In this "Reply" we dispute the point of view of the
author.


title: The physics space dimension

abstract:
  All fermions and all interactions between fermions are expressed by the
Cayley numbers in our space-time. PACS 02.50.Cw 04.20.Cz 11.10.Kk 12.10.Dm


title: Simulations of Interacting Membranes

abstract:
  The liquid crystalline model biomembrane system consisting of a stack of
interacting membranes is studied by the newly developed Fourier Monte Carlo
simulation technique. In comparison to perturbation theory, substantial
quantitative discrepancies are found that affect determination of interbilayer
interactions. A harmonic theory is also routinely used to interpret x-ray
scattering line shapes; this is shown to be valid because the distance
dependence of the simulated correlation functions can be fairly well fit by the
harmonic theory.


title: The geometry of the Fisher selection dynamics

abstract:
  We study the Fisher model describing natural selection in a population with a
diploid structure of a genome by differential- geometric methods. For the
selection dynamics we introduce an affine connection which is shown to be the
projectively Euclidean and the equiaffine one. The selection dynamics is
reformulated similar to the motion of an effective particle moving along the
geodesic lines in an 'effective external field' of a tensor type. An exact
solution is found to the Fisher equations for the special case of fitness
matrix associated to the effect of chromosomal imprinting of mammals.
Biological sense of the differential- geometric constructions is discussed. The
affine curvature is considered as a direct consequence of an allele coupling in
the system. This curving of the selection dynamics geometry is related to an
inhomogenity of the time flow in the course of the selection.


title:
Simulations of a single membrane between two walls using a Monte Carlo
  method

abstract:
  Quantitative theory of interbilayer interactions is essential to interpret
x-ray scattering data and to elucidate these interactions for biologically
relevant systems. For this purpose Monte Carlo simulations have been performed
to obtain pressure P and positional fluctuations sigma. A new method, called
Fourier Monte-Carlo (FMC), that is based on a Fourier representation of the
displacement field, is developed and its superiority over the standard method
is demonstrated. The FMC method is applied to simulating a single membrane
between two hard walls, which models a stack of lipid bilayer membranes with
non-harmonic interactions. Finite size scaling is demonstrated and used to
obtain accurate values for P and sigma in the limit of a large continuous
membrane. The results are compared with perturbation theory approximations, and
numerical differences are found in the non-harmonic case. Therefore, the FMC
method, rather than the approximations, should be used for establishing the
connection between model potentials and observable quantities, as well as for
pure modeling purposes.


title:
Deduction of the quantum unmbers of low-lying states of the (e+e+e-e-)
  system from symmetry consideration

abstract:
  The feature of the low-lying spectrum and a complete set of quantum numbers
of the (e+e+e-e-) system have been deduced based on symmetry consideration. The
existence of a low odd-parity L=1 excited state with the spins of the two
electrons coupled to s1=1 and the two positrons coupled to s2=0 (or s1=0 and
s2=1) and a low even-parity L=0 excited state with s1=s2=1 have been predicted.
The discussion is generalized to 2-dimensional (e+e+e-e-) systems.


title: Stopping of Gyratory Fast Particle in Magnetized Cold Plasma

abstract:
  The energy loss by a test gyratory particle in a cold plasma in the presence
of homogeneous magnetic field is considered. Analytical and numerical results
for the rate of energy loss are presented. This is done for strong and weak
fields (i. e., when the electron cyclotron frequency is either higher, or
smaller than the plasma frequency), and in case, when the test particle
velocity is greater than the electron thermal velocity. It is shown that the
rate of energy loss may be much higher than in the case of motion through
plasma in the absence of magnetic field.


title:
Properties of CsI(Tl) Crystals and their Optimization for Calorimetry of
  High Energy Photons

abstract:
  A photomultiplier setup for precise relative CsI(Tl) crystal light yield and
uniformity measurements is described. It is used for wrapping material studies
to optimize the uniformity and the yield of the light output of 36 cm long
crystals. The uniformity is an important property in high energy photon
calorimetry. Results of an optimization of photodiode coupling to crystals, the
influence of temperature and radiation damage to light and photoelectron yield
are also presented.


title: A natural orbital functional for the many-electron problem

abstract:
  The exchange-correlation energy in Kohn-Sham density functional theory is
expressed as a functional of the electronic density and the Kohn-Sham orbitals.
An alternative to Kohn-Sham theory is to express the energy as a functional of
the reduced first-order density matrix or equivalently the natural orbitals. In
the former approach the unknown part of the functional contains both a kinetic
and a potential contribution whereas in the latter approach it contains only a
potential energy and consequently has simpler scaling properties. We present an
approximate, simple and parameter-free functional of the natural orbitals,
based solely on scaling arguments and the near satisfaction of a sum rule. Our
tests on atoms show that it yields on average more accurate energies and charge
densities than the Hartree Fock method, the local density approximation and the
generalized gradient approximations.


title:
Qualitative feature of the low-lying spectrum of intrashell states of
  4-valence-electron atoms derived from symmetry consideration

abstract:
  Inherent nodal surfaces existing in the wavefunctions of intrashell states of
4-valence-electron atoms have been investigated. The decisive effect of these
surfaces has been demonstrated, the ordering of low-lying levels has been
predicted, a primary classification scheme has been proposed, the existence of
three rotation bands has been suggested.


title:
Exact $Z^2$ scaling of pair production in the high-energy limit of
  heavy-ion collisions

abstract:
  The two-center Dirac equation for an electron in the external electromagnetic
field of two colliding heavy ions in the limit in which the ions are moving at
the speed of light is exactly solved and nonperturbative amplitudes for free
electron-positron pair production are obtained. We find the condition for the
applicability of this solution for large but finite collision energy, and use
it to explain recent experimental results. The observed scaling of positron
yields as the square of the projectile and target charges is a result of an
exact cancellation of a nonperturbative charge dependence and holds as well for
large coupling. Other observables would be sensitive to nonperturbative phases.


title:
On the Physical Origin of the Oppenheimer-Ahluwalia Zero-Energy
  Solutions

abstract:
  In virtue of the Chubykalo - Smirnov-Rueda generalized form of the
Maxwell-Lorentz equation a new form of the energy density of the
electromagnetic field was obtained. This result allows us to explain a physical
origin of the Oppenheimer-Ahluwalia zero-energy solutions of the Maxwell
equations.


title:
Visible light emitting devices with Schottky contacts on silicon
  nanocrystals

abstract:
  We have fabricated light emitting diodes (LEDs) with Schottky contacts on
Si-nanocrystals formed by simple techniques as used for standard Si devices.
Orange electroluminescence (EL) from these LEDs could be seen with the naked
eye at room temperature when a reverse bias voltage was applied. The EL
spectrum has a major peak with a photon energy of 1.9 eV and a minor peak with
a photon energy of 2.2 eV. Since the electrons and holes are injected into the
radiative recombination centers related to nanocrystals through avalanche
breakdown, the voltage needed for a visible light emission is reduced to 4.0 -
4.5 V, which is low enough to be applied by a standard Si transistor.


title: Chemical Association via Exact Thermodynamic Formulations

abstract:
  It can be fruitful to view two-component physical systems of attractive
monomers, A and B, ``chemically'' in terms of a reaction A + B <-> C, where C =
AB is an associated pair or complex. We show how to construct free energies in
the three-component or chemical picture which, under mass-action equilibration,
exactly reproduce any given two-component or ``physical'' thermodynamics.
Order-by-order matching conditions and closed-form chemical representations
reveal the freedom available to modify the A-C, B-C, and C-C interactions and
to adjust the association constant. The theory (in the simpler one-component,
i.e., A = B, case) is illustrated by treating a van der Waals fluid.


title: Relaxed States of a Magnetized Plasma with Minimum Dissipation

abstract:
  Relaxed States of a slightly resistive and turbulent magnetized plasma is
obtained by invoking the principle of minimum dissipation which leads to curl
curl curl B = \lambda B . A solution of the above equation is accomplished
using the analytic continuation of the Chandrasekhar-Kendall eigenfunctions in
the complex domain. The new features of this theory is to show (i) a single
fluid can relax to an MHD equilibrium which can support pressure gradient even
without a flow, (ii) field reversal (RFP) in states that are not force free.


title:
Using projections and correlations to approximate probability
  distributions

abstract:
  A method to approximate continuous multi-dimensional probability density
functions (PDFs) using their projections and correlations is described. The
method is particularly useful for event classification when estimates of
systematic uncertainties are required and for the application of an unbinned
maximum likelihood analysis when an analytic model is not available. A simple
goodness of fit test of the approximation can be used, and simulated event
samples that follow the approximate PDFs can be efficiently generated. The
source code for a FORTRAN-77 implementation of this method is available.


title: High resolution spectroscopy of muonium

abstract:
  The hydrogen-like muonium atom ($\mu^+e^-$) consists of a positive muon
($\mu^+$) and an electron ($e^-$). Since it was first observed by Hughes et al.
in 1960, a series of precision experiments could be carried out testing bound
state Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) and the nature of the muon as a point-like
leptonic particle. Precision values for fundamental constants could be
obtained, including the fine structure constant $\alpha$ and the muon's
magnetic moment $\mu_{\mu}$. Since no internal structure could be revealed for
leptons down to dimensions of $10^{-18}$m, the accuracy of theoretical
calculations of term energies is higher than for the natural hydrogen atom and
its isotopes deuterium and tritium as well as exotic hydrogen-like systems
which contain hadrons. Internal structure effects of these particles spoil the
precision of theoretical results. Of particular interest for precision muonium
experiments, which are carried out in order to test standard theory and to
extract accurate values for fundamental constants, are the ground state
hyperfine structure splitting $\Delta \nu_{HFS}$ and the 1s-2s interval $\Delta
\nu_{1s2s}$. Both cases involve the n=1 ground state in which the atoms can be
produced in sufficient quantities.


title: Measurement of the Muonium 1S-2S Transition Frequency

abstract:
  A new measurement of the 1S-2S energy splitting of muonium by Doppler-free
two-photon spectroscopy has been performed at the Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory in Chilton, Didcot, UK. Increased accuracy is expected compared to a
previous experiment. Spectroscopy of this transistion promises an improvement
of the muon mass value.


title:
High-Precision Storage Ring for g-2 of the Muon and Possible
  Applications in Particle and Heavy Ion Physics

abstract:
  A new superferric magnetic storage ring with highly homogeneous field at 1.45
T and weak electrostatic focussing is described which has been set up at the
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), USA, for a precision measurement of the
magnetic anomaly of the muon. The toroidal storage volume has a radius of 7 m
and a diameter of 9 cm. Precision magnetic field determination based on pulsed
NMR on protons in H$_2$O yields the field to better than 0.1 ppm everywhere
within the storage region. Follow on experiments using the setup have been
already suggested to search for a finite mass of the muon neutrino and to
search for an electric dipole moment of the muon with significantly increased
accuracy. The high homogeneity of the field suggests the usage of such devices
as a mass spectrometer for heavier particles as well.


title:
Resonant 3--photon ionization of hydrogenic atoms by non-monochromatic
  laser field

abstract:
  We present ionization probability and line shape calculations for the
two-step 3-photon ionization process, $1S \stackrel{2\hbar
\omega}{\longrightarrow}2S \stackrel{\hbar \omega}{\longrightarrow}\epsilon P
$, of the ground state of hydrogenic atoms in a non-monochromatic laser field
with a time--dependent amplitude. Within the framework of a three--level model,
the {\it AC Stark} shifts and non-zero ionization rates of all states involved
were taken into account together with spatial and temporal inhomogeneities of
the laser signal. In contrast with the usual perturbative technique, the time
evolution of the atomic states was simulated by direct numerically solving the
system of coupled time--dependent inhomogeneous differential equations, being
equivalent to the appropriate non-stationary Schr\"{o}dinger equation.
Particular numerical results were obtained for typical parameters of the pulsed
laser field that are employed in a new experiment to measure the $1S-2S$ energy
separation in muonium at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. The shifts and
asymmetries of the photoionization line shapes revealed may be of relevance for
ultra-high precision experiments in hydrogen in CW laser fields.


title: Calculation of the light-shifts in the ns-states of hydrogenic systems

abstract:
  We present the results of the light-shift calculations in the ns-states of
hydrogenicsystems in the presence of a weak laser field. This is done by means
of analytical calculations of the scalar dynamic polarizabilities (DP) of the
corresponding levels. In contrast to the usual technique, 1.e. by solving
certain inhomogeneous differential equation. As a result, we obtained for the
DP a closed analytical expression valid for all principal quantum numbers, n.
Within a framework of such an approach we succeeded both in retrieving the well
known results and finding several new ones, as well.Our interest is focused
mainly on the states with low n, n=1,2, since they are of particular
importance.Various analytical properties of the DP of such levels are discussed
in full details. Numerical values of light-shifts are computed for those
energies and intensities of the laser field that are used in the 1S-2S
experimental investigation of the muonium atom.


title: Statistical Mechanics in a Nutshell

abstract:
  I give a concise introduction to some essential concepts of statistical
mechanics:
  1. Probability theory (constrained distributions, concentration theorem,
frequency estimation, hypothesis testing);
  2. Macroscopic systems in equilibrium (macrostate, thermodynamic variables,
entropy, first law, thermodynamic potentials, correlations);
  3. Linear response (Kubo formula).


title: Multigrid High Order Mesh Refinement Techniques

abstract:
  A method for performing high order mesh refinement multigrid computations is
presented. The Full Approximation Scheme (FAS) multigrid technique is utilized
for a sequence of nested patches of increasing resolution. Conservation forms
are generated on coarse scales by additional defect correction terms which
counter the local excess fluxes at the boundaries. Formulas are given for
arbitrary order, extending the existing technique of Bai and Brandt. Test
calculations are presented for a singular source in three dimensions which
illustrate the multigrid convergence properties, numerical accuracy, and
correct order of the approach. Applications for all electron quantum chemical
computations are discussed.


title: Introduction to Subatomic-Particle Spectrometers

abstract:
  An introductory review, suitable for the beginning student of high-energy
physics or professionals from other fields who may desire familiarity with
subatomic-particle detection techniques. Subatomic-particle fundamentals and
the basics of particle interactions with matter are summarized, after which we
review particle detectors. We conclude with three examples that illustrate the
variety of subatomic-particle spectrometers and exemplify the combined use of
several detection techniques to characterize interaction events more-or-less
completely.


title:
Quantum-classical correspondence in the hydrogen atom in weak external
  fields

abstract:
  The complex processes leading to the collisional population of
ultra-long-lived Rydberg states with very high angular momentum can be
explained surprisingly well using classical mechanics. In this article, we
explain the reason behind this striking agreement between classical theory and
experiment by showing that the classical and quantum dynamics of Rydberg
electrons in weak, slowly varying external fields agree beyond the mandates of
Ehrenfest's Theorem. In particular, we show that the expectation values of
angular momentum and Runge-Lenz vectors in hydrogenic eigenstates obey exactly
the same perturbative equations of motion as the time averages of the
corresponding classical variables. By time averaging the quantum dynamics over
a Kepler period, we extend this special quantum-classical equivalence to
Rydberg wave packets relatively well localized in energy. Finally, the
perturbative equations hold well also for external fields beyond the
Inglis-Teller limit, and in the case of elliptic states, which yield the
appropriate quasi-classical initial conditions, the matching with classical
mechanics is complete.

categories: physics.atom-ph physics.chem-ph physics.class-ph quant-ph


title:
On the Possibility of a Propulsion Drive Creation Through a Local
  Manipulation of Spacetime Geometry

abstract:
  Since the shape of a free body's worldline is determined by the geometry of
spacetime a local change of spacetime geometry will affect a body's worldline,
i.e. a body's state of motion. The exploration of this possibility constitutes
a radically new approach to the idea of how a body can be propelled: instead of
applying a force to the body itself, the geometry of spacetime is subjected to
a local manipulation which in turn results in the body's motion.


title: Hierarchical noise in large systems of independent agents

abstract:
  A generalization of the coherent-noise models [M. E. J. Newman and K.
Sneppen, Phys. Rev. E{\bf54}, 6226 (1996)] is presented where the agents in the
model are subjected to a multitude of stresses, generated in a hierarchy of
different contexts. The hierarchy is realized as a Cayley-tree. Two different
ways of stress propagation in the tree are considered. In both cases, coherence
arises in large subsystems of the tree. Clear similarities between the behavior
of the tree model and of the coherent-noise model can be observed. For one of
the two methods of stress propagation, the behavior of the tree model can be
approximated very well by an ensemble of coherent-noise models, where the sizes
$k$ of the systems in the ensemble scale as $k^{-2}$. The results are found to
be independent of the tree's structure for a large class of reasonable choices.
Additionally, it is found that power-law distributed lifetimes of agents arise
even under the complete absence of correlations between the stresses the agents
feel.

categories: physics.data-an cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.stat-mech physics.bio-ph


title:
Optical microsphere resonators: optimal coupling to high-Q whispering
  gallery modes

abstract:
  A general model is presented for coupling of high-$Q$ whispering-gallery
modes in optical microsphere resonators with coupler devices possessing
discrete and continuous spectrum of propagating modes. By contrast to
conventional high-Q optical cavities, in microspheres independence of high
intrinsic quality-factor and controllable parameters of coupling via evanescent
field offer variety of regimes earlier available in RF devices. The theory is
applied to the earlier-reported data on different types of couplers to
microsphere resonators and complemented by experimental demonstration of
enhanced coupling efficiency (about 80%) and variable loading regimes with
Q>10^8 fused silica microspheres.


title:
AquaFuel: An example of the emerging new energies and the new methods
  for their scientific study

abstract:
  In this paper we initiate studies of the emerging new forms of energy by
using as a representative example the new combustible gas called AquaFuel,
discovered and patented by William H. Richardson, jr., whose rights are now
owned by Toups Technology Licensing, Inc. (TTL), of Largo, Florida. In essence,
AquaFuel is a new energy converter capable of transforming Carbon and water
into a new combustible gas via an electric discharge. We show that AquaFuel can
be produced easily, safely and rapidly in large amounts, and exhibits greatly
reduced emission pollutants as compared to fossil fuels of current use. Despite
its simplicity, the chemical and physical characteristics of AquaFuel are
largely unknown at this writing. We then review nine basic experimental
measurements which are necessary for a scientific appraisal of AquaFuel. We
outline the limitations of quantum mechanics and chemistry for the treatment of
{\it new} forms of energy, namely, energies which by definition should be {\it
beyond} said theories. We finally point out the availability of broader
theories specifically constructed for the study of new energies and point out
available applications.


title: Perihelion Precession in the Special Relativistic Two-Body Problem

abstract:
  The classical two-body system with Lorentz-invariant Coulomb interaction
V=-k/rho is solved in 3+1 dimensions using the manifestly covariant Hamiltonian
mechanics of Stueckelberg. Particular solutions for the reduced motion are
obtained which correspond to bound attractive, unbound attractive, and
repulsive scattering motion. A lack of perihelion precession is found in the
bound attractive orbit, and the semi-classical hydrogen spectrum subsequently
contains no fine structure corrections. It is argued that this prediction is
indicative of the correct classical special relativistic two-body theory for
the limit of no magnetic interaction.


title: Antiproton-Hydrogen annihilation at sub-kelvin temperatures

abstract:
  The main properties of the interaction of ultra low-energy antiprotons ($%
E\le10^{-6}$ a.u.) with atomic hydrogen are established. They include the
elastic and inelastic cross sections and Protonium (Pn) formation spectrum. The
inverse Auger process ($Pn+e \to H+\bar{p}$) is taken into account in the
framework of an unitary coupled-channels model. The annihilation cross-section
is found to be several times smaller than the predictions made by the black
sphere absorption models. A family of $\bar{p}H$ nearthreshold metastable
states is predicited. The dependence of Protonium formation probability on the
position of such nearthreshold S-matrix singularities is analysed. An
estimation for the $H\bar{H}$ annihilation cross section is obtained.


title:
Experimental Indication of Structural Heterogeneities in Fragile
  Hydrogen-bonded Liquids

abstract:
  We present the first experimental characterization in molecular fragile
glassformers of a 'prepeak that appears significantly below the main peak of
the static structure factor. The temperature and density dependences of this
prepeak are studied via elastic neutron scattering experiments under high
pressure (up to 300 MPa) in m-toluidine and m-fluoroaniline. The prepeak
intensity increases with decreasing temperature, but it remains constant with
increasing pressure while its position and width stay roughly the same. These
features are opposite to those observed for the 'first sharp diffraction peak'
of network glasses. The origin of the phenomenon is analyzed with the help of
Monte Carlo simulations. We associate the prepeak to hydrogen-bond-induced
heterogeneities (or clusters) whose limited size results from exclusion effect
between benzene rings that prevents the extension of a hydrogen-bond network.
Implications for the dynamics of the liquid close to the glass transition are
finally considered.


title:
Energy calibration of the NaI(Tl) calorimeter of the SND detector using
  cosmic muons

abstract:
  The general purpose spherical nonmagnetic detector (SND) is now taking data
at VEPP-2M $e^+e^-$ collider in BINP (Novosibirsk) in the centre of mass energy
range of $0.2 \div 1.4$ GeV. The energy calibration of the NaI(Tl) calorimeter
of the SND detector with cosmic muons is described. Using this method, the
energy resolution of $5.5 % (\sigma)$ for 500 MeV photons was achieved.


title:
Adiabatic stabilization of a circular state: theory compared to
  experiment

abstract:
  The probability that an atom of hydrogen, initially in the 5g(m=4) state,
survives a 90-fs pulse of 620 nm wavelength is calculated both by direct
integration of the time-dependent Schroedinger equation and by a Floquet
calculation. The two methods give virtually identical results. The survival
probability calculated for a one-electron model of neon, for the same initial
state, pulse duration and wavelength, is in fair quantitative agreement with
the experimental data of van Druten et al [Phys. Rev. A 55, 622 (1997)].


title: Atom cooling and trapping by disorder

abstract:
  We demonstrate the possibility of three-dimensional cooling of neutral atoms
by illuminating them with two counterpropagating laser beams of mutually
orthogonal linear polarization, where one of the lasers is a speckle field,
i.e. a highly disordered but stationary coherent light field. This
configuration gives rise to atom cooling in the transverse plane via a Sisyphus
cooling mechanism similar to the one known in standard two-dimensional optical
lattices formed by several plane laser waves. However, striking differences
occur in the spatial diffusion coefficients as well as in local properties of
the trapped atoms.


title: Precision Measurement of the Casimir Force from 0.1 to 0.9 microns

abstract:
  We have used an atomic force microscope to make precision measurements of the
Casimir force between a metallized sphere of diameter 196 microns and flat
plate. The force was measured for plate-sphere separations from 0.1 to 0.9
microns. The experimental results are consistent with present theoretical
calculations including the finite conductivity, roughness, and temperature
corrections. The root mean square average deviation of 1.6 pN between theory
and experiment corresponds to a 1% deviation at the smallest separation.


title: Electric dipole moment of the electron in YbF molecule

abstract:
  Ab initio calculation of the hyperfine, P-odd, and P,T-odd constants for the
YbF molecule was performed with the help of the recently developed technique,
which allows to take into account correlations and polarization in the
outercore region. The ground state electronic wave function of the YbF molecule
is found with the help of the Relativistic Effective Core Potential method
followed by the restoration of molecular four-component spinors in the core
region of ytterbium in the framework of a non-variational procedure. Core
polarization effects are included with the help of the atomic Many Body
Perturbation Theory for Yb atom. For the isotropic hyperfine constant A,
accuracy of our calculation is about 3% as compared to the experimental datum.
The dipole constant Ad (which is much smaller in magnitude), though better than
in all previous calculations, is still underestimated by almost 23%. Being
corrected within a semiempirical approach for a perturbation of 4f-shell in the
core of Yb due to the bond making, this error is reduced to 8%. Our value for
the effective electric field on the unpaired electron is 4.9 a.u.=2.5E+10 V/cm.


title:
Universal Concept of Complexity by the Dynamic Redundance Paradigm:
  Causal Randomness, Complete Wave Mechanics, and the Ultimate Unification of
  Knowledge

abstract:
  The fundamental impasses and ruptures in various domains of the canonical,
unitary science, or the 'end of science', become the more and more evident. The
natural unity of being is recovered within a universal nonperturbative method
leading to the dynamic redundance paradigm. It is shown that the unreduced
behaviour of any nontrivial (isolated) system includes many equally real, but
incompatible dynamic regimes, each of them being roughly equivalent to an
ordinary 'complete' solution of the unitary science. Therefore the regimes
should 'spontaneously' and randomly replace one another, which provides a
universal, purely dynamic origin of randomness. The discovered dynamic
redundance leads to the universal, reality-based concept of dynamic complexity
and its permanently developing hierarchical structure, alias the world. Its
lowest levels give the causally complete mechanics of dynamically quantized
elementary fields, extending the double solution found by Louis de Broglie. One
obtains a physically complete solution for the 'mysteries' of quantum
mechanics, unifyng it with the extended, causal versions of relativity
(emergent space and time), quantum and classical gravity (dynamical mass),
field theory (electric charge and spin), particle physics, and cosmology. The
same key features of the unreduced dynamic complexity determine behaviour of
any system at higher levels of complexity described by a case of the single,
universal equation in its two related versions, the extended Lagrange-Hamilton
(trajectorial) and Schroedinger (distributional) equations. The end of the
unitary science opens the renaissance of the ultimately complete and universal
understanding initiated by Rene Descartes (but then mechanistically falsified),
which is confirmed by many sound, practically important results.


title:
DC-electric-field-induced and low-frequency electromodulation
  second-harmonic generation spectroscopy of Si(001)-SiO$_2$ interfaces

abstract:
  The mechanism of DC-Electric-Field-Induced Second-Harmonic (EFISH) generation
at weakly nonlinear buried Si(001)-SiO$_2$ interfaces is studied experimentally
in planar Si(001)-SiO$_2$-Cr MOS structures by optical second-harmonic
generation (SHG) spectroscopy with a tunable Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser. The
spectral dependence of the EFISH contribution near the direct two-photon $E_1$
transition of silicon is extracted. A systematic phenomenological model of the
EFISH phenomenon, including a detailed description of the space charge region
(SCR) at the semiconductor-dielectric interface in accumulation, depletion, and
inversion regimes, has been developed. The influence of surface quantization
effects, interface states, charge traps in the oxide layer, doping
concentration and oxide thickness on nonlocal screening of the DC-electric
field and on breaking of inversion symmetry in the SCR is considered. The model
describes EFISH generation in the SCR using a Green function formalism which
takes into account all retardation and absorption effects of the fundamental
and second harmonic (SH) waves, optical interference between field-dependent
and field-independent contributions to the SH field and multiple reflection
interference in the SiO$_2$ layer. Good agreement between the phenomenological
model and our recent and new EFISH spectroscopic results is demonstrated.
Finally, low-frequency electromodulated EFISH is demonstrated as a useful
differential spectroscopic technique for studies of the Si-SiO$_2$ interface in
silicon-based MOS structures.