title:
Optical modes in linear arrays of dielectric spherical particles: A
  numerical investigation

abstract:
  We have investigated bound modes in finite linear chains of dielectric
particles of various lengths, interparticle spacing and particle materials.
Through a unique application of the multisphere Mie scattering formalism, we
have developed numerical methods to calculate eigen-optical modes for various
arrays of particles. These numerical methods involve the use of the multisphere
scattering formalism as the entries in NxN matrices where N represents the
number of particles in the chain. Eigenmodes of these matrices correspond to
the eigen-optical modes of interest. We identified the eigenmodes with the
highest quality factor by the application of a modified version of the
Newton-Raphson algorithm. We found that convergence is strong using this
algorithm for linear chains of up to several hundreds of particles. By
comparing the dipolar approach with the more complex approach which utilizes a
combination of both dipolar and quadrupolar approaches, we demonstrated that
the dipolar approach has an accuracy of approximately 99%. We found that the
quality factor Q of the mode increases with the cubed value of the number of
particles in chain in agreement with the previously developed theory, the
effects of disordering of particle sizes and inter-particle distances will be
discussed.


title:
Natural Entropy Production in an Inflationary Model for a Polarized
  Vacuum

abstract:
  Though entropy production is forbidden in standard FRW Cosmology, Berman and
Som presented a simple inflationary model where entropy production by bulk
viscosity, during standard inflation without ad hoc pressure terms can be
accommodated with Robertson-Walker's metric, so the requirement that the early
Universe be anisotropic is not essential in order to have entropy growth during
inflationary phase, as we show. Entropy also grows due to shear viscosity, for
the anisotropic case. The intrinsically inflationary metric that we propose can
be thought of as defining a polarized vacuum, and leads directly to the desired
effects without the need of introducing extra pressure terms.


title: The structure and dynamics of solvated electron in polar liquids

abstract:
  A review with 106 references of the recent advances in understanding the
structure, dynamics, and photodynamics of solvated electrons in polar liquids
(and, to some degree, clusters): water, alcohols, ammonia, ethers. Both the
orthodox (cavity) and heterodox (multimer anion) pictures of the solvated
electron are discussed.


title: Electrostatic AB-Ramjet Space Propulsion

abstract:
  A new electrostatic ramjet space engine is proposed and analyzed. The upper
atmosphere (85 -1000 km) is extremely dense in ions (millions per cubic cm).
The interplanetary medium contains positive protons from the solar wind. A
charged ball collects the ions (protons) from the surrounding area and a
special electric engine accelerates the ions to achieve thrust or decelerates
the ions to achieve drag. The thrust may have a magnitude of several Newtons.
If the ions are decelerated, the engine produces a drag and generates
electrical energy. The theory of the new engine is developed. It is shown that
the proposed engine driven by a solar battery (or other energy source) can not
only support satellites in their orbit for a very long time but can also work
as a launcher of space apparatus. The latter capability includes launch to high
orbit, to the Moon, to far space, or to the Earth atmosphere (as a return
thruster for space apparatus or as a killer of space debris). The proposed
ramjet is very useful in interplanetary trips to far planets because it can
simultaneously produce thrust or drag and large electric energy using the solar
wind. Two scenarios, launch into the upper Earth atmosphere and an
interplanetary trip, are simulated and the results illustrate the excellent
possibilities of the new concept.


title: High Speed AB-Solar Sail

abstract:
  The Solar sail is a large thin film used to collect solar light pressure for
moving of space apparatus. Unfortunately, the solar radiation pressure is very
small about 9 mkN/sq.m at Earth's orbit. However, the light force significantly
increases up to 0.2 - 0.35 N/sq.m near the Sun. The author offers his research
on a new revolutionary highly reflective solar sail which flyby (after special
maneuver) near Sun and attains velocity up to 400 km/sec and reaching far
planets of the Solar system in short time or enable flights out of Solar
system. New, highly reflective sail-mirror allows avoiding the strong heating
of the solar sail. It may be useful for probes close to the Sun and Mercury and
Venus.
  Key words: AB-solar sail, highly reflective solar sail, high speed
propulsion.


title:
A stability catalogue of the habitable zones in extrasolar planetary
  systems

abstract:
  In the near future there will be launched space missions (e.g. COROT,
KEPLER), designed to detect Earth-like extrasolar planets. The orbital elements
of these (still hypothetic) planets will contain some uncertainties, that can
only be eliminated by careful dynamical investigations of the hosting planetary
systems. The proportion of extrasolar planetary systems with one known giant
planet is high ($\sim 90 %$), therefore as a first step we have investigated
the possible existence of terrestrial planets in these systems. In this paper a
development of a stability catalogue of the habitable zones of exoplanetary
systems is reported. This catalogue is formed by a series of stability maps,
which can help to establish, where Earth-like planets could exist in extrasolar
planetary systems having one giant planet. After a description of the dynamical
model and the numerical methods, details of the stability maps are discussed.
An application of the stability catalogue to 15 known exoplanetary systems is
also shown, and a characterization of the stability properties of their
habitable zones is given.


title:
Generation of magnetic field by dynamo action in a turbulent flow of
  liquid sodium

abstract:
  We report the observation of dynamo action in the VKS experiment, i.e., the
generation of magnetic field by a strongly turbulent swirling flow of liquid
sodium. Both mean and fluctuating parts of the field are studied. The dynamo
threshold corresponds to a magnetic Reynolds number Rm \sim 30. A mean magnetic
field of order 40 G is observed 30% above threshold at the flow lateral
boundary. The rms fluctuations are larger than the corresponding mean value for
two of the components. The scaling of the mean square magnetic field is
compared to a prediction previously made for high Reynolds number flows.


title: Magnetic field reversals in an experimental turbulent dynamo

abstract:
  We report the first experimental observation of reversals of a dynamo field
generated in a laboratory experiment based on a turbulent flow of liquid
sodium. The magnetic field randomly switches between two symmetric solutions B
and -B. We observe a hierarchy of time scales similar to the Earth's magnetic
field: the duration of the steady phases is widely distributed, but is always
much longer than the time needed to switch polarity. In addition to reversals
we report excursions. Both coincide with minima of the mechanical power driving
the flow. Small changes in the flow driving parameters also reveal a large
variety of dynamo regimes.


title: Nyaya-Vaisheshika: The Indian Tradition of Physics

abstract:
  This paper introduces terms like inference, substance, etc. and discusses
atomic reactions as understood by the ancient Indian physicists of the
Nyaya-Vaisesika School.


title: Stochasticity and Non-locality of Time

abstract:
  We present simple classical dynamical models to illustrate the idea of
introducing a stochasticity with non-locality into the time variable. For
stochasticity in time, these models include noise in the time variable but not
in the "space" variable, which is opposite to the normal description of
stochastic dynamics. Similarly with respect to non-locality, we discuss delayed
and predictive dynamics which involve two points separated on the time axis.
With certain combinations of fluctuations and non-locality in time, we observe
a ``resonance'' effect. This is an effect similar to stochastic resonance,
which has been discussed within the normal context of stochastic dynamics, but
with different mechanisms. We discuss how these models may be developed to fit
a broader context of generalized dynamical systems where fluctuations and
non-locality are present in both space and time.


title:
Universal spectrum for DNA base C+G frequency distribution in Human
  chromosomes 1 to 24

abstract:
  Power spectra of human DNA base C+G frequency distribution in all available
contiguous sections exhibit the universal inverse power law form of the
statistical normal distribution for the 24 chromosomes. Inverse power law form
for power spectra of space-time fluctuations is generic to dynamical systems in
nature and indicate long-range space-time correlations. A recently developed
general systems theory predicts the observed non-local connections as intrinsic
to quantumlike chaos governing space-time fluctuations of dynamical systems.
The model predicts the following. (1) The quasiperiodic Penrose tiling pattern
for the nested coiled structure of the DNA molecule in the chromosome resulting
in maximum packing efficiency. (2) The DNA molecule functions as a unified
whole fuzzy logic network with ordered two-way signal transmission between the
coding and non-coding regions. Recent studies indicate influence of non-coding
regions on functions of coding regions in the DNA molecule.


title: A frictionless microswimmer

abstract:
  We investigate the self-locomotion of an elongated microswimmer by virtue of
the unidirectional tangential surface treadmilling. We show that the propulsion
could be almost frictionless, as the microswimmer is propelled forward with the
speed of the backward surface motion, i.e. it moves throughout an almost
quiescent fluid. We investigate this swimming technique using the special
spheroidal coordinates and also find an explicit closed-form optimal solution
for a two-dimensional treadmiler via complex-variable techniques.


title:
Spatio-Temporal Electromagnetic Field Shapes and their Logical
  Processing

abstract:
  This paper is on the spatio-temporal signals with the topologically modulated
electromagnetic fields. The carrier of the digital information is the
topological scheme composed of the separatrices-manifolds and equilibrium
positions of the field. The signals and developed hardware for their processing
in the space-time domain are considered


title:
Promotion of cooperation induced by nonlinear attractive effect in
  spatial Prisoner's Dilemma game

abstract:
  We introduce nonlinear attractive effects into a spatial Prisoner's Dilemma
game where the players located on a square lattice can either cooperate with
their nearest neighbors or defect. In every generation, each player updates its
strategy by firstly choosing one of the neighbors with a probability
proportional to $\mathcal{A}^\alpha$ denoting the attractiveness of the
neighbor, where $\mathcal{A}$ is the payoff collected by it and $\alpha$
($\geq$0) is a free parameter characterizing the extent of the nonlinear
effect; and then adopting its strategy with a probability dependent on their
payoff difference. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the density
$\rho_C$ of cooperators in the stationary state for different values of
$\alpha$. It is shown that the introduction of such attractive effect
remarkably promotes the emergence and persistence of cooperation over a wide
range of the temptation to defect. In particular, for large values of $\alpha$,
i.e., strong nonlinear attractive effects, the system exhibits two absorbing
states (all cooperators or all defectors) separated by an active state
(coexistence of cooperators and defectors) when varying the temptation to
defect. In the critical region where $\rho_C$ goes to zero, the extinction
behavior is power law-like $\rho_C$ $\sim$ $(b_c-b)^{\beta}$, where the
exponent $\beta$ accords approximatively with the critical exponent
($\beta\approx0.584$) of the two-dimensional directed percolation and depends
weakly on the value of $\alpha$.


title:
Laboratory experiments on the generation of internal tidal beams over
  steep slopes

abstract:
  We designed a simple laboratory experiment to study internal tides
generation. We consider a steep continental shelf, for which the internal tide
is shown to be emitted from the critical point, which is clearly amphidromic.
We also discuss the dependence of the width of the emitted beam on the local
curvature of topography and on viscosity. Finally we derive the form of the
resulting internal tidal beam by drawing an analogy with an oscillating
cylinder in a static fluid.


title:
A scalable system for microcalcification cluster automated detection in
  a distributed mammographic database

abstract:
  A computer-aided detection (CADe) system for microcalcification cluster
identification in mammograms has been developed in the framework of the
EU-founded MammoGrid project. The CADe software is mainly based on wavelet
transforms and artificial neural networks. It is able to identify
microcalcifications in different datasets of mammograms (i.e. acquired with
different machines and settings, digitized with different pitch and bit depth
or direct digital ones). The CADe can be remotely run from GRID-connected
acquisition and annotation stations, supporting clinicians from geographically
distant locations in the interpretation of mammographic data. We report and
discuss the system performances on different datasets of mammograms and the
status of the GRID-enabled CADe analysis.


title:
Performance of a Time-Projection-Chamber with a Large-Area
  Micro-Pixel-Chamber Readout

abstract:
  A micro time-projection-chamber (micro-TPC) with a detection volume of
23*28*31 cm^3 was developed, and its fundamental performance was examined. The
micro-TPC consists of a micro pixel chamber with a detection area of 31*31 cm^2
as a two-dimensional imaging device and a gas electron multiplier with an
effective area of 23*28 cm^2 as a pre-gas-multiplier. The micro-TPC was
operated at a gas gain of 50,000, and energy resolutions and spatial
resolutions were measured.


title:
Scaling laws for the photo-ionisation cross section of two-electron
  atoms

abstract:
  The cross sections for single-electron photo-ionisation in two-electron atoms
show fluctuations which decrease in amplitude when approaching the
double-ionisation threshold. Based on semiclassical closed orbit theory, we
show that the algebraic decay of the fluctuations can be characterised in terms
of a threshold law $\sigma \propto |E|^{\mu}$ as $E \to 0_-$ with exponent
$\mu$ obtained as a combination of stability exponents of the triple-collision
singularity. It differs from Wannier's exponent dominating double ionisation
processes. The details of the fluctuations are linked to a set of infinitely
unstable classical orbits starting and ending in the non-regularisable triple
collision. The findings are compared with quantum calculations for a model
system, namely collinear helium.


title: Evolution of Vocabulary on Scale-free and Random Networks

abstract:
  We examine the evolution of the vocabulary of a group of individuals
(linguistic agents) on a scale-free network, using Monte Carlo simulations and
assumptions from evolutionary game theory. It is known that when the agents are
arranged in a two-dimensional lattice structure and interact by diffusion and
encounter, then their final vocabulary size is the maximum possible. Knowing
all available words is essential in order to increase the probability to
``survive'' by effective reproduction. On scale-free networks we find a
different result. It is not necessary to learn the entire vocabulary available.
Survival chances are increased by using the vocabulary of the ``hubs'' (nodes
with high degree). The existence of the ``hubs'' in a scale-free network is the
source of an additional important fitness generating mechanism.


title: Tracked pellets - a way to improve the efficiency of charmonium studies

abstract:
  We investigate the possibility of tracking individual hydrogen micro-spheres
from an internal pellet target. Such a method aims to provide the primary
vertex of a reaction to within about 100 micrometres, without utilizing any
detector response. Apart from background considerations the knowledge of the
reaction vertex may be essential for the reconstruction of many physics
channels. This is in particular true for the study of the Psi(3770) decay into
D-mesons planned at the PANDA detector at the future FAIR facility. Here, the
reconstruction of displaced vertices is especially difficult since neutral
particles are involved.
  Studies with a pellet target at The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala, show the
technical feasibility of a tracking system utilizing fast CCD line-scan
cameras. Simulations for the reaction p-bar p to Psi(3770) to D+ D- prove the
large impact such a system would have on the data taking and reconstruction at
PANDA.


title:
On the Separability of Attractors in Grandmother Dynamic Systems with
  Structured Connectivity

abstract:
  The combination of complex networks and dynamic systems research is poised to
yield some of the most interesting theoretic and applied scientific results
along the forthcoming decades. The present work addresses a particularly
important related aspect, namely the quantification of how well separated can
the attractors be in dynamic systems underlined by four types of complex
networks (Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi, Barab\'asi-Albert, Watts-Strogatz and as well as a
geographic model). Attention is focused on grandmother dynamic systems, where
each state variable (associated to each node) is used to represent a specific
prototype pattern (attractor). By assuming that the attractors spread their
influence among its neighboring nodes through a diffusive process, it is
possible to overlook the specific details of specific dynamics and focus
attention on the separability among such attractors. This property is defined
in terms of two separation indices (one individual to each prototype and the
other considering also the immediate neighborhood) reflecting the balance and
proximity to attractors revealed by the activation of the network after a
diffusive process. The separation index considering also the neighborhood was
found to be much more informative, while the best separability was observed for
the Watts-Strogatz and the geographic models. The effects of the involved
parameters on the separability were investigated by correlation and path
analyses. The obtained results suggest the special importance of some
measurements in underlying the relationship between topology and dynamics.


title: Exploring the Mysteries of Strong Interactions - The PANDA Experiment

abstract:
  The physics of strong interactions is undoubtedly one of the most challenging
areas of modern science. The PANDA experiment will be devoted to charmonium
spectroscopy, gluonic excitations (hybrids, glueballs), open and hidden charm
in nuclei, gamma-ray spectroscopy of hypernuclei, and selected other topics,
which will be studied with unprecedented accuracy. In this overview article we
introduce the physics case and the detector array.


title:
Gravity Control by means of Electromagnetic Field through Gas or Plasma
  at Ultra-Low Pressure

abstract:
  It is shown that the gravity acceleration just above a chamber filled with
gas or plasma at ultra-low pressure can be strongly reduced by applying an
Extra Low-Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic field across the gas or the plasma.
This Gravitational Shielding Effect is related to recent discovery of quantum
correlation between gravitational mass and inertial mass. According to the
theory samples hung above the gas or the plasma should exhibit a weight
decrease when the frequency of the electromagnetic field is decreased or when
the intensity of the electromagnetic field is increased. This Gravitational
Shielding Effect is unprecedented in the literature and can not be understood
in the framework of the General Relativity. From the technical point of view,
there are several applications for this discovery; possibly it will change the
paradigms of energy generation, transportation and telecommunications.


title: Relativeca Dopplera efekto \^ce unuforme akcelata movo - I

abstract:
  An observer, in rectilinear motion under constant proper acceleration, passes
near a source of monochromatic radiation at rest. In the context of special
relativity, we describe the observed Doppler effect. We describe also the
interesting discontinuous effect when riding through occurs. An English version
of this article is available.
  - - - - - - - - - - -
  Observanto ^ce rekta movo ^ce konstanta propra akcelo pasas preter restanta
fonto de unukolora radiado. ^Ce la special-relativeco, ni priskribas la
observatan Doppleran efekton. Ni anka^u priskribas la interesan nekontinuan
efekton se trapaso okazas.


title: Optimal Solid Space Tower

abstract:
  Theory and computations are provided for building of optimal (minimum weight)
solid space towers (mast) up to one hundred kilometers in height. These towers
can be used for tourism; scientific observation of space, observation of the
Earth surface, weather and upper atmosphere experiment, and for radio,
television, and communication transmissions. These towers can also be used to
launch spaceships and Earth satellites.
  These macroprojects are not expensive. They require strong hard material
(steel). Towers can be built using present technology. Towers can be used (for
tourism, communication, etc.) during the construction process and provide
self-financing for further construction. The tower design does not require
human work at high altitudes; the tower is separated into sections; all
construction can be done at the Earth surface.
  The transport system for a tower consists of a small engine (used only for
friction compensation) located at the Earth surface.
  Problems involving security, control, repair, and stability of the proposed
towers are addressed in other cited publications.


title: A New Method of Atmospheric Reentry for Space Ships

abstract:
  In recent years, industry has produced high-temperature fiber and whiskers.
The author examined the atmospheric reentry of the USA Space Shuttles and
proposed the use of high temperature tolerant parachute for atmospheric air
braking. Though it is not large, a light parachute decreases Shuttle speed from
8 km/s to 1 km/s and Shuttle heat flow by 3 - 4 times. The parachute surface is
opened with backside so that it can emit the heat radiation efficiently to
Earth-atmosphere. The temperature of parachute is about 1000 - 1300 C. The
carbon fiber is able to keep its functionality up to a temperature of 1500 -
2000 C. There is no conceivable problem to manufacture the parachute from
carbon fiber. The proposed new method of braking may be applied to the old
Space Shuttles as well as to newer spacecraft designs.


title: Micro -Thermonuclear AB-Reactors for Aerospace

abstract:
  The author offers several innovations that he first suggested publicly early
in 1983 for the AB multi-reflex engine, space propulsion, getting energy from
plasma, etc. (see: A. Bolonkin, Non-Rocket Space Launch and Flight, Elsevier,
London, 2006, Chapters 12, 3A). It is the micro-thermonuclear AB-Reactors. That
is new micro-thermonuclear reactor with very small fuel pellet that uses plasma
confinement generated by multi-reflection of laser beam or its own magnetic
field. The Lawson criterion increases by hundreds of times. The author also
suggests a new method of heating the power-making fuel pellet by outer electric
current as well as new direct method of transformation of ion kinetic energy
into harvestable electricity. These offered innovations dramatically decrease
the size, weight and cost of thermonuclear reactor, installation, propulsion
system and electric generator. Non-industrial countries can produce these
researches and constructions. Currently, the author is researching the
efficiency of these innovations for two types of the micro-thermonuclear
reactors: multi-reflection reactor (ICF) and self-magnetic reactor (MCF).


title: Classical Analytical Mechanics and Entropy Production

abstract:
  The usual canonical Hamiltonian or Lagrangian formalism of classical
mechanics applied to macroscopic systems describes energy conserving adiabatic
motion. If irreversible diabatic processes are to be included, then the law of
increasing entropy must also be considered. The notion of entropy then enters
into the general classical mechanical formalism. The resulting general
formulation and its physical consequences are explored.


title: Control of Regional and Global Weather

abstract:
  Author suggests and researches a new revolutionary idea for regional and
global weather control. He offers to cover cities, bad regions of country, full
country or a continent by a thin closed film with control clarity located at a
top limit of the Earth troposphere (4 - 6 km). The film is supported at
altitude by small additional atmospheric pressure and connected to ground by
thin cables. It is known, the troposphere defines the Earth weather. Authors
show this closed dome allows to do a full control of the weather in a given
region (the day is always fine, the rain is only in night, no strong wind). The
average Earth (white cloudy) reflectance equal 0.3 - 0.5. That means the Earth
losses about 0.3 - 0.5 of a solar energy. The dome controls the clarity of film
and converts the cold regions to subtropics and creates the hot deserts,
desolate wildernesses to the prosperous regions with temperate climate. That is
a realistic and the cheapest method of the weather control in the Earth at the
current time.
  Key words: Global weather control, gigantic film dome, converting a cold
region to subtropics, converting desolate wilderness to a prosperous region.


title: Inflatable Evergreen Polar Zone Dome (EPZD) Settlements

abstract:
  Sustaining human life at the Earth antipodal Polar Regions is very difficult
especially during Winter when water-freezing air temperature, blizzards and
whiteouts make normal human existence dangerous. To counter these environmental
stresses, we offer the innovative artificial Evergreen Polar Zone Dome (EPZD),
an inflated half-hemisphere with interiors continuously providing a
Mediterranean Sea-like climate. The Evergreen EPZD structural theory is
developed, substantiated by key computations that show it is possible for
current building technology to construct and heat large enclosed volumes
inexpensively. Specifically, a satisfactory result is reached by using sunlight
reflectors and a special double thin film, which concentrates all available
solar energy inside the EPZD while, at the same time markedly decreasing the
heat loss to exterior Polar Region air. Someday a similar, but remarkably more
technological, EPZD design may be employed at proposed Moon and Mars
settlements.
  Key words: artificial hemisphere, inflatable film building, Polar Region
homes, solar energy concentrator.


title: The Java-Sumatra Aerial Mega-Tramway

abstract:
  A mega-tramway based on the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Java is
proposed to span Sunda Strait. The Java-Sumatra Aerial Mega-Tramway (JSAMT)
will be self-elevating and will regularly and cheaply launch passengers and
cargoes via two conveyor belt-like facilities using standard winged shipping
containers like those currently used by international trucking and ocean
shipping industries that are volplaned across the Sunda Strait. The JSAMT will
be a self-sustaining toll facility free of any requirement for international
loans or funding guarantees for its construction. Its existence will remove any
immediate need for an expensive to dig/maintain Nusantara Tunnel. We offer the
formative basic technical specifications for the JSAMT and indicate some of the
physical and cultural geographical facts underpinning our macro-engineering
proposal; offshoots of a perfected and tested JSAMT may be installed at Palk
Strait between India and Sri Lanka, the Gibraltar Strait and the Bering Strait
by mid-21st Century.


title: Ocean Terracing

abstract:
  Artworks can improve humanity ability to apply macro-engineering principles
which skirt or correct oceanographic problems impairing the economic usefulness
of coastal land, the overhead airshed, and seawater temperature and salinity
stability. A new form of Art, Ocean Art, is here proposed which centers on
deliberate terracing of appropriate regions of our world ocean; a proposed
example of macro-engineered useful Ocean Art is the technically possible 21-st
Century terracing of the Mediterranean Sea. Ocean Art is applicable worldwide
to places that might be practically improved by its judicious employment. Such
Ocean Art may constitute an entirely unique category of solutions to coastal
disaster prevention planning.


title: Submitting Jobs on Grid

abstract:
  This is an user's introduction to grid using Globus Toolkit from an user's
point of view. With a brief introduction to what grid is, I have shifted
quickly to the game itself. In this part, i have done an step by step
introduction, starting from the access to the grid to submitting the job. In
the appendix, a special note is there on using GARUDA grid.
  Hope this will be of help for the users.


title: Memory based Boolean game and self-organized phenomenon on networks

abstract:
  We study a memory-based Boolean game (MBBG) taking place on the regular ring,
wherein each agent acts according to its local optimal states of the last M
time steps recorded in memory, and the agents in the minority are rewarded. One
free parameter p among 0 and 1 is introduced to denote the strength of the
agents' willing to make a decision according to its memory. We find that, given
proper willing strength p, the MBBG system can spontaneously evolve to a state
of better performance than the random game; while for larger p, the herd
behavior emerges which reduces the system profit. By analyzing the dependence
of the system's dynamics on the memory capacity M, we find that a higher memory
capacity favors the emergence of the better performance state, and effectively
restrains the herd behavior, therefore increases the system profit. Considering
the high cost of long-time memory, the enhancement of memory capacity for
restraining the herd behavior is also discussed, and the M=5 is suggested to be
one good choice.


title:
Super-Droplet Method for the Numerical Simulation of Clouds and
  Precipitation: a Particle-Based Microphysics Model Coupled with
  Non-hydrostatic Model

abstract:
  A novel simulation model of cloud microphysics is developed, which is named
Super-Droplet Method (SDM). SDM enables accurate calculation of cloud
microphysics with reasonable cost in computation. A simple SDM for warm rain,
which incorporates sedimentation, condensation/evaporation, stochastic
coalescence, is developed. The methodology to couple SDM and a non-hydrostatic
model is also developed. It is confirmed that the result of our Monte Carlo
scheme for the coalescence of super-droplets agrees fairly well with the
solution of stochastic coalescence equation. A preliminary simulation of a
shallow maritime cumulus formation initiated by a warm bubble is presented to
demonstrate the practicality of SDM. Further discussions are devoted for the
extension and the computational efficiency of SDM to incorporate various
properties of clouds, such as, several types of ice crystals, several sorts of
soluble/insoluble CCNs, their chemical reactions, electrification, and the
breakup of droplets. It is suggested that the computational cost of SDM becomes
lower than spectral (bin) method when the number of attributes $d$ becomes
larger than some critical value, which may be $2\sim4$.


title: Harmonizing General Relativity with Quantum Mechanics

abstract:
  Gravitation is the common underlying texture between General Relativity and
Quantum Mechanics. We take gravitation as the link that can make possible the
marriage between these two sciences. We use here the duality of Nature for
gravitation: A continuous warped space, wave-like, and a discrete quantum gas,
particle-like, both coexistent and producing an equilibrium state in the
Universe. The result is a static, non expanding, spherical, unlimited and
finite Universe, with no cosmological constant and no dark energy. The
Principle of Mach is reproduced here by the convergence of the two cosmological
equations of Einstein. From this a Mass Boom concept is born given by M = t, M
the mass of the Universe and t its age. Also a decreasing speed of light is the
consequence of the Mass Boom, c = 1/t, which explains the Supernovae Type Ia
observations without the need of expansion (nor, of course, accelerated
expansion). Our Mass Boom model completely wipes out the problems and paradoxes
built in the Big Bang model, like the horizon, monopole, entropy, flatness,
fine tuning, etc. It also eliminates the need for inflation. Finally the
relation proposed by Weinberg in 1972 is here explained in terms of a
gravitational cross section for all gravitational masses.


title: Matrix Representation of Special Relativity

abstract:
  I compare the matrix representation of the basic statements of Special
Relativity with the conventional vector space representation. It is shown, that
the matrix form reproduces all equations in a very concise and elegant form,
namely: Maxwell equations, Lorentz-force, energy-momentum tensor,
Dirac-equation and Lagrangians. The main thesis is, however, that both forms
are nevertheless not equivalent, but matrix representation is superior and
gives a deeper insight into physical reality, because it is based on much less
assumptions. It allows a better understanding of Minkowski spacetime on the
basis of matrix algebra. An escpecially remarkable result of the consequent
usage of this alge- braic concept is the formulation of Diracs equation in a
novel matrix form. This equation can be generalized to include a new variant of
Yang-Mills gauge fields, which possibly express unified electro-weak
interactions in a new way.


title:
Analytical theory of forced rotating sheared turbulence. I.
  Perpendicular case

abstract:
  We provide a consistent theory of turbulence in the presence of shear and
rotation. Starting from a quasi-linear equation for the fluctuating fields, we
derive turbulence amplitude and turbulent transport coefficients, taking into
account the effect of shear and rotation on turbulence. We show that the shear
reduces both turbulence amplitude and transport, more strongly in the direction
parallel to the shear than in the perpendicular one, effectively inducing an
anisotropic turbulence. The rotation further reduces turbulence amplitude and
transport. The interaction between the shear and the rotation is shown to give
rise to a novel non-diffusive flux of angular momentum ($\Lambda$-effect),
providing a mechanism for the permanence of shearing structure in astrophysical
and geophysical systems.


title: New approaches to model and study social networks

abstract:
  We describe and develop three recent novelties in network research which are
particularly useful for studying social systems. The first one concerns the
discovery of some basic dynamical laws that enable the emergence of the
fundamental features observed in social networks, namely the nontrivial
clustering properties, the existence of positive degree correlations and the
subdivision into communities. To reproduce all these features we describe a
simple model of mobile colliding agents, whose collisions define the
connections between the agents which are the nodes in the underlying network,
and develop some analytical considerations. The second point addresses the
particular feature of clustering and its relationship with global network
measures, namely with the distribution of the size of cycles in the network.
Since in social bipartite networks it is not possible to measure the clustering
from standard procedures, we propose an alternative clustering coefficient that
can be used to extract an improved normalized cycle distribution in any
network. Finally, the third point addresses dynamical processes occurring on
networks, namely when studying the propagation of information in them. In
particular, we focus on the particular features of gossip propagation which
impose some restrictions in the propagation rules. To this end we introduce a
quantity, the spread factor, which measures the average maximal fraction of
nearest neighbors which get in contact with the gossip, and find the striking
result that there is an optimal non-trivial number of friends for which the
spread factor is minimized, decreasing the danger of being gossiped.


title:
Cost Effective Electronics for Proportional and Drift Chambers of
  'EPECUR' Experiment

abstract:
  'EPECUR' experiment setup is under construction at the beam line 322 of the
ITEP proton synchrotron. The experiment requires several large area drift
chambers to provide reasonable acceptance and fine pitch proportional chambers
for beam particle tracking with total number of electronic channels of about
7000. New compact and cost effective readout system for these gaseous detectors
was designed, prototyped and tested in the latest two years based on the modern
technologies in analog and digital electronics, as well as in data transfer
protocols. Mass production of the proportional chamber electronics is close to
the end, while the boards for the drift chambers are manufactured in the amount
to equip one 8-plane module. The paper presents the functional description of
the whole DAQ system and its main parts together with some of the test results
as an illustration of the excellent performance of the system. The appendix
contains specific information which may be useful for the system users or code
developers.


title: The Notion of Time in Special Relativity

abstract:
  Even though the concepts of time and space are basic concepts of physics,
they have not been vouchsafed a constructive definition. As to space, this is
no wonder because a correct notion of space cannot be formed in the frame of
the existing physical paradigm. However, a definition of time can be given on
the basis of the simple principle that each physical magnitude constitutes a
feature of some physical carrier (Costa, 1987). This article deals with
identifying that carrier for the feature "time". Finally this article affirms
that because of the lack of a definition of time some physical experiments have
been erroneously interpreted as signs of time dilation.


title: On the origin of the Epps effect

abstract:
  The Epps effect, the decrease of correlations between stock returns for short
time windows, was traced back to the trading asynchronicity and to the
occasional lead-lag relation between the prices. We study pairs of stocks where
the latter is negligible and confirm the importance of asynchronicity but point
out that alone these aspects are insufficient to give account for the whole
effect.


title:
Street centrality vs. commerce and service locations in cities: a Kernel
  Density Correlation case study in Bologna, Italy

abstract:
  In previous research we defined a methodology for mapping centrality in urban
networks. Such methodology, named Multiple Centrality Assessment (MCA), makes
it possible to ascertain how each street is structurally central in a city
according to several different notions of centrality, as well as different
scales of "being central". In this study we investigate the case of Bologna,
northern Italy, about how much higher street centrality statistically
"determines" a higher presence of activities (shops and services). Our work
develops a methodology, based on a kernel density evaluation, that enhances
standard tools available in Geographic Information System (GIS) environment in
order to support: 1) the study of how centrality and activities are
distributed; 2) linear and non-linear statistical correlation analysis between
centrality and activities, hereby named Kernel Density Correlation (KDC).
Results offer evidence-based foundations that a strong correlation exists
between centrality of streets, especially betweenness centrality, and the
location of shops and services at the neighbourhood scale. This issue is at the
heart of the current debate in urban planning and design towards the making of
more sustainable urban communities for the future. Our results also support the
"predictive" capability of the MCA model as a tool for sustainable urban
design.


title:
Validation of a new k-epsilon model with the pressure diffusion effects
  in separated flows

abstract:
  The contribution of the "rapid" part of the pressure diffusion to the
turbulent kinetic energy balance is analyzed, and a new model to describe its
effect is suggested. A new transport equation for the turbulent kinetic energy
is derived. The new k-equation does not require any modification in the
standard epsilon-equation. A new k-epsilon model, which includes the new
k-equation and the standard epsilon-equation, is validated in four separated
flows: a planar diffuser, over a backstep, in a channel with wavy walls, and in
an axisymmetric combustion chamber. It is shown that a new model reproduces the
mean velocity, shear stress, and turbulent kinetic energy profiles and the skin
friction coefficient in very good agreement with experimental data.


title:
High Harmonic Generation in SF$_{6}$: Raman-excited Vibrational Quantum
  Beats

abstract:
  In a recent experiment (N. Wagner et al., PNAS v103, p13279) on SF$_{6}$, a
high-harmonic generating laser pulse is preceded by a pump pulse which
stimulates Raman-active modes in the molecule. Varying the time delay between
the two pulses modulates high harmonic intensity, with frequencies equal to the
vibration frequencies of the Raman-active modes. We propose an explanation of
this modulation as a quantum interference between competing pathways that occur
via adjacent vibrational states of the molecule. The Raman and high harmonic
processes act as beamsplitters, producing vibrational quantum beats among the
Raman-active vibrational modes that are excited by the first pulse. We
introduce a rigorous treatment of the electron-ion recombination process and
the effect of the ionic Coulomb field in the electron propagation outside the
molecule, improving over the widely-used three-step model.


title: Utilization of Wind Energy at High Altitude

abstract:
  Ground based, wind energy extraction systems have reached their maximum
capability. The limitations of current designs are: wind instability, high cost
of installations, and small power output of a single unit. The wind energy
industry needs of revolutionary ideas to increase the capabilities of wind
installations. This article suggests a revolutionary innovation which produces
a dramatic increase in power per unit and is independent of prevailing weather
and at a lower cost per unit of energy extracted. The main innovation consists
of large free-flying air rotors positioned at high altitude for power and air
stream stability, and an energy cable transmission system between the air rotor
and a ground based electric generator. The air rotor system flies at high
altitude up to 14 km. A stability and control is provided and systems enable
the changing of altitude.
  This article includes six examples having a high unit power output (up to 100
MW). The proposed examples provide the following main advantages: 1. Large
power production capacity per unit - up to 5,000-10,000 times more than
conventional ground-based rotor designs; 2. The rotor operates at high altitude
of 1-14 km, where the wind flow is strong and steady; 3. Installation cost per
unit energy is low. 4. The installation is environmentally friendly (no
propeller noise). -- * Presented in International Energy Conversion Engineering
Conference at Providence., RI, Aug. 16-19. 2004. AIAA-2004-5705. USA. Keyword:
wind energy, cable energy transmission, utilization of wind energy at high
altitude, air rotor, windmills, Bolonkin.


title: Air Observe System

abstract:
  This manuscript contains a description and basic principles for observing
inaccessible areas using low cost, easily deployed equipment. The basic premise
is to suspend a tiny video camera at an altitude of 10 - 200 meters over the
area to be surveyed. The TV camera supports at altitude by wind or balloon. The
technical challenges regard the means by which the camera is suspended. Such a
system may be used by military or police forces or by civil authorities for
rescue missions or assessment of natural disasters. The method may be further
developed for military applications by integrating the surveillance task with
deployment of munitions.
  Key words: air observer, air suspended system, low altitude video observer.


title: A General Scheme of Entanglement

abstract:
  Entanglement is a well known fundamental resource in quantum information.
Here the following question is addressed : which are the deeper roots of
entanglement that may help in its better understanding and use ? The answer is
that one can reproduce the phenomenon of entanglement in a far more general and
simple way, a way that goes much beyond the usual one which is limited to the
framework of tensor products of vector spaces. In this general approach to
entanglement presented here - and much unlike in the particular setup of tensor
products of vector spaces - the spaces involved can be rather arbitrary sets,
just as in the case of Cartesian products. In particular, they need not even
have any algebraic structure. Thus they do not have to be vector spaces, groups
or even semigroups.


title:
From Reference Frame Relativity to Relativity of Mathematical Models :
  Relativity Formulas in a Variety of Non-Archimedean Setups

abstract:
  Galilean Relativity and Einstein's Special and General Relativity showed that
the Laws of Physics go deeper than their representations in any given reference
frame. Thus covariance, or independence of Laws of Physics with respect to
changes of reference frames became a fundamental principle. So far, all of that
has only been expressed within one single mathematical model, namely, the
traditional one built upon the usual continuum of the field $\mathbb{R}$ of
real numbers, since complex numbers, finite dimensional Euclidean spaces, or
infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces, etc., are built upon the real numbers.
Here, following [55], we give one example of how one can go beyond that
situation and study what stays the same and what changes in the Laws of
Physics, when one models them within an infinitely large variety of algebras of
scalars constructed rather naturally. Specifically, it is shown that the
Special Relativistic addition of velocities can naturally be considered in any
of infinitely many reduced power algebras, each of them containing the usual
field of real numbers and which, unlike the latter, are non-Archimedean. The
nonstandard reals are but one case of such reduced power algebras, and are as
well non-Archimedean. Two surprising and strange effects of such a study of the
Special Relativistic addition of velocities are that one can easily go beyond
the velocity of light, and rather dually, one can as easily end up frozen in
immobility, with zero velocity. Both of these situations, together with many
other ones, are as naturally available, as the usual one within real numbers.


title: Detector performance of the NEWAGE experiment

abstract:
  NEWAGE(NEw generation WIMP search with an Advanced Gaseous tracking device
Experiment) project is a direction-sensitive dark matter search experiment with
a gaseous micro time-projection-chamber(micro-TPC). We report on the
performance of the micro-TPC with a detection volume of 23x28x30 cm3 operated
with a carbon-tetra uoride (CF4) of 0.2 bar.


title: Nanoindentation and nanofriction on DLC films

abstract:
  This submission has been removed by arXiv administration because it was
submitted in violation of copyright by HAL.


title:
Algorithm stickiness and the memory extent delimit the rationality of El
  Farol attendees

abstract:
  Arthur's paradigm of the El Farol bar for modeling bounded rationality and
inductive behavior is undertaken. The memory horizon available to the agents
and the selection criteria they utilize for the prediction algorithm are the
two essential variables identified to represent the heterogeneity of agent
strategies. The latter is enriched by including various rewarding schemes
during decision making. Though the external input of comfort level is not
explicitly coded in the algorithm pool, it contributes to each agent's decision
process. Playing with the essential variables, one can maneuver the overall
outcome between the comfort level and the endogenously identified limiting
state. Furthermore, we model the behavior of the agents through the use of an
expression that scores the local attendance states available to the agents. It
incorporates a single parameter that weighs the relative contributions that
originate from the external and internal limiting factors. Solving this
expression analytically as well as numerically using the Metropolis Monte-Carlo
technique enables us to attribute statistical-thermodynamical meanings to the
essential variables identified with the agent-based model, and to gain physical
insight to the bounds observed in the behavior of the agents. The power of the
analytical approach is validated by obtaining a one-to-one correspondence
between the agent-based model and the analytical approach within a wide range
of thresholds using a single parameter for a given selection criterion. The
origin of discrepancies between the two models appearing at extreme thresholds
is tracked to the shifts in the distributions of algorithm types actively
utilized by the adaptive agents.


title:
A simple guide to determine elastic properties of films on substrate
  from nanoindentation experiments


title:
The Outer Tracker Detector of the HERA-B Experiment. Part III: Operation
  and Performance

abstract:
  In this paper we describe the operation and performance of the HERA-B Outer
Tracker, a 112674 channel system of planar drift tube layers. The performance
of the HERA-B Outer Tracker system fullfilled all requirements for stable and
efficient operation in a hadronic environment, thus confirming the adequacy of
the honeycomb drift tube technology and of the front-end readout system. The
detector was stably operated with a gas gain of 30000 in an Ar/CF4/CO2
(65:30:5) gas mixture, yielding a good efficiency for triggering and track
reconstruction, larger than 95 % for tracks with momenta above 5 GeV/c. The hit
resolution of the drift cells was 300 to 320 micrometers and the relative
momentum resolution can be described as: sigma(p)/p (in %) = (1.61 +- 0.02) +
(0.0051 +- 0.0006) p. At the end of the HERA-B running no aging effects in the
Outer Tracker cells were observed.


title:
Grid methods for cold molecules : determination of photoassociation
  lineshapes and rate constants

abstract:
  A description of photoassociation by CW laser is formulated in the framework
of grid methods. The Hamiltonian describing one or several bound states coupled
to a multiple of continuum manifolds via a radiative field is written in the
energy representation and diagonalized. The generality of the treatment allows
to compute accurately and efficiently physical properties such as non-linear
high-intensity energy shifts, line shapes, and photoassociation rates both for
isolated and non-isolated resonances. Application is given to sodium
photoassociation in the experimental conditions of Mc Kenzie {\it et al} [Phys.
Rev. Lett. {\bf 88}, 090403 (2002)]. Inverted region for the dependency of the
rate vs. the intensity and non-symmetric lineshapes were predicted to occur
above the saturation limit. Comparison with the model of Bohn and Julienne
[Phys. Rev. A {\bf 60}, 414 (1999)] is discussed.


title:
Dynamics and control of the expansion of finite-size plasmas produced in
  ultraintense laser-matter interactions

abstract:
  The strong influence of the electron dynamics provides the possibility of
controlling the expansion of laser-produced plasmas by appropriately shaping
the laser pulse. A simple irradiation scheme is proposed to tailor the
explosion of large deuterium clusters, inducing the formation of shock
structures, capable of driving nuclear fusion reactions. Such a scenario has
been thoroughly investigated, resorting to two- and three-dimensional
particle-in-cell simulations. Furthermore, the intricate dynamics of ions and
electrons during the collisionless expansion of spherical nanoplasmas has been
analyzed in detail using a self-consistent ergodic-kinetic model. This study
clarifies the transition from hydrodynamic-like to Coulomb-explosion regimes.


title: Quantum Mechanics: Bell and Quantum Entropy for the Classroom

abstract:
  In this article we are willing to give some first steps to quantum mechanics
and a motivation of quantum mechanics and its interpretation for undergraduate
students not from physics. After a short historical review in the development
we discuss philosophical, physical and mathematical interpretation. We define
local realism, locality and hidden variable theory which ends up in the EPR
paradox, a place where questions on completeness and reality comes into play.
The fundamental result of the last century was maybe Bell's that states that
local realism is false if quantum mechanics is true. From this fact we can
obtain the so called Bell inequalities. After a didactic example of the fact
what these inequalities means we describe the key concept of quantum
entanglement motivated here by quantum information theory. Also classical
entropy and von Neuman entropy is discussed.


title: On the Possibility of Faster-Than-Light Motion of the Compton Electron

abstract:
  The kinematics of Compton-effect with violated invariance of the velocity of
light has been considered. It has been shown that in this case
faster-than-light motion of the Compton electron is possible. The motion (if it
exists really) begins with the energy of the incident gamma-quantum above 360
keV.


title: MaxEnt Mechanics

abstract:
  This paper shows that: (a) given a mechanical system described by a set of
independent coordinates in configuration space, (b) given an initial state of
specified initial coordinates, and (c) given a situation in which the system
can follow any one of a set of different possible paths with a pertinent
probability $p_{i}$, then the average path (defined as the weighted average
positions and corresponding times) will obey Lagranges' equations iff the
Shannon information defined by the distribution of probabilities is an extreme
(maximum) compared to any imaginable other distribution. Moreover, the
resulting action function is proportional to this Shannon information.


title:
Moment distributiuons of clusters and molecules in the adiabatic rotor
  model

abstract:
  We present a Fortran program to compute the distribution of dipole moments of
free particles for use in analyzing molecular beams experiments that measure
moments by deflection in an inhomogeneous field. The theory is the same for
magnetic and electric dipole moments, and is based on a thermal ensemble of
classical particles that are free to rotate and that have moment vectors
aligned along a principal axis of rotation. The theory has two parameters, the
ratio of the magnetic (or electric) dipole energy to the thermal energy, and
the ratio of moments of inertia of the rotor.


title: Droplet beams for serial crystallography of proteins

abstract:
  Serial diffraction of proteins requires an injection method to deliver
protein molecules - preferably uncharged, fully hydrated, spatially oriented,
and with high flux - into the crossed beams of an alignment laser and a focused
probe beam of electrons or X-rays of typically only a few tens of microns
diameter. The aim of this work has been to examine several potential droplet
sources as to their suitability for this task. We compare Rayleigh droplet
sources, electrospray sources, nebulizers and aerojet-focused droplet sources
using time-resolved optical images of the droplet beams. Shrinkage of droplets
by evaporation as a means of removing most of the water surrounding the
proteins is discussed. Experimental measurements of droplet size, conformation
of proteins after passing through a Rayleigh jet, and triboelectric charging
are presented and conclusions are drawn about the source configuration for
serial diffraction. First experimental X-ray diffraction patterns from Rayleigh
droplet beams doped with 100nm gold balls are shown.


title: NASA's astonishing evidence that c is not constant: The pioneer anomaly

abstract:
  For over 20 years NASA has struggled to find an explanation to the Pioneer
anomaly. Now it becomes clear the solution to the riddle is that they have
uncovered evidence that c, the speed of light, is not quite a universal
constant. Using J. C. Cure s hypothesis that the index of refraction is a
function of the gravitational energy density of space and straightforward
Newtonian mechanics, NASA s measurements provide compelling evidence that the
speed of light depends on the inverse of the square root of the gravitational
energy density of space. The magnitude of the Pioneer anomalous acceleration
leads to the value of the primordial energy density of space due to faraway
stars and galaxies: 1.0838. x 10^15 Joule/m3. A value which almost miraculously
coincides with the same quantity: 1.09429 x 10^15 Joule/m3 derived by J. C.
Cure from a completely different phenomenon: the bending of starlight during
solar eclipses.


title: Near-wall velocity measurements by Particle-Shadow-Tracking

abstract:
  We report a new method to measure the velocity of a fluid in the vicinity of
a wall. The method, that we call Particle-Shadow Tracking (PST), simply
consists in seeding the fluid with a small number of fine tracer particles of
density close to that of the fluid. The position of each particle and of its
shadow on the wall are then tracked simultaneously, allowing one to accurately
determine the distance separating tracers from the wall and therefore to
extract the velocity field. We present an application of the method to the
determination of the velocity profile inside a laminar density current flowing
along an inclined plane.


title: Discrete Scale Relativity

abstract:
  The possibility that global discrete dilation invariance is a fundamental
symmetry principle of nature is explored. If the discrete self-similarity
observed in nature is exact, then the Principle of General Covariance needs to
be broadened in order to accommodate this form of discrete conformal
invariance, and a further generalization of relativity theory is required.


title: Development of High Granulated Straw Chambers of Large Sizes

abstract:
  We have developed the baseline design for the straw drift tube tracking
detectors for high rate environment application. The low-mass inner straw
elements and the technology of the multianode straws assembly was devised and
checked. The prototype chamber was constructed and studied the granularity of
similar chambers can be reduced to one cm2.
  Submitted to Physics of Elementary Particles and Atomic Nuclei, Letters


title:
Magic-wave-induced $^1S_0-^3P_0$ transition in even isotopes of
  alkaline-earth-like atoms

abstract:
  The circular polarized laser beam of the ``magic'' wavelength may be used for
mixing the $^3P_1$ state into the long-living metastable state $^3P_0$, thus
enabling the strictly forbidden $^1S_0$$-$$^3P_0$ ''clock'' transition in even
isotopes of alkaline-earth-like atoms, without change of the transition
frequency. In odd isotopes the laser beam may adjust to an optimum value the
line width of the "clock" transition, originally enabled by the hyperfine
mixing. We present a detailed analysis of various factors influencing
resolution and uncertainty for an optical frequency standard based on atoms
exposed simultaneously to the lattice standing wave and an additional
"state-mixing" wave, including estimations of the "magic" wavelengths, Rabi
frequencies for the ''clock'' and state-mixing transitions, ac Stark shifts for
the ground and metastable states of divalent atoms.


title:
The citation impact outside references - formal versus informal
  citations

abstract:
  In this study the amount of informal citations (i.e. those mentioning only
author names or their initials instead of the complete references) in
comparison to the formal (full reference based) citations is analyzed using
some pioneers of chemistry and physics as examples. The data reveal that the
formal citations often measure only a small fraction of the overall impact of
seminal publications. Furthermore, informal citations are mainly given instead
of (and not in addition to) formal citations. As a major consequence, the
overall impact of pioneering articles and researchers cannot be entirely
determined by merely counting the full reference based citations.


title:
Mechanics of liquid and gas, or mechanics of the inertless mass I. Ideal
  liquid

abstract:
  This monograph is a theoretical work. Its title shows that the theory states
a novel view of the mechanical motion of liquids and gases to explain phenomena
connected with mechanical motion of continuous medium. The second part of the
monograph (II. Real liquids and gases) is placed in the same archive. It takes
into account features of the real liquids and gases to give a practical
direction for the theory. Both these parts are connected and have no practical
meaning if separated. They were published in Russia in 2003 (after the death of
the author) under the title "Mechanics of liquids and gas, or mechanics of the
inertless mass (mechanics of media)" by the daughter of the author under her
editing. This monograph is the last editing of the author's manuscript, which
was made by the same editor in 2006. The editor plans to place two applied
works of the author of the monograph in the same archive soon. The monograph
contains information about both these manuscripts. The monograph is addressed
to specialists in the field of theoretical and practical hydrodynamics and
adjacent sciences.


title:
Mechanics of liquid and gas, or mechanics of the inertless mass II. Real
  liquids and gases

abstract:
  The second part of the monograph investigates mechanical motion of real
liquids and gases. Besides that, this contains two examples of practical
applications of the theoretical statements for engineers. The first example is
a new algorithm for calculating a concrete form of blade for a centrifugal
pump. This blade form will make the work of any pump maximally efficient for a
given density of liquid or gas. Principal constructive scheme of the device for
measuring dynamic power of the pressure is the second example. This monograph
is addressed to specialists in the field of theoretical and practical
hydrodynamics and adjacent sciences.


title: Computer-aided detection of pulmonary nodules in low-dose CT

abstract:
  A computer-aided detection (CAD) system for the identification of pulmonary
nodules in low-dose multi-detector helical CT images with 1.25 mm slice
thickness is being developed in the framework of the INFN-supported MAGIC-5
Italian project. The basic modules of our lung-CAD system, a dot enhancement
filter for nodule candidate selection and a voxel-based neural classifier for
false-positive finding reduction, are described. Preliminary results obtained
on the so-far collected database of lung CT scans are discussed.


title:
Electric field dynamics and ion acceleration in the self-channeling of a
  superintense laser pulse

abstract:
  The dynamics of electric field generation and radial acceleration of ions by
a laser pulse of relativistic intensity propagating in an underdense plasma has
been investigated using an one-dimensional electrostatic, ponderomotive model
developed to interpret experimental measurements of electric fields [S. Kar et
al, New J. Phys. *9*, 402 (2007)]. Ions are spatially focused at the edge of
the charge-displacement channel, leading to hydrodynamical breaking, which in
turns causes the heating of electrons and an "echo" effect in the electric
field. The onset of complete electron depletion in the central region of the
channel leads to a smooth transition to a "Coulomb explosion" regime and a
saturation of ion acceleration.


title: Agent-based Models of Financial Markets

abstract:
  This review deals with several microscopic (``agent-based'') models of
financial markets which have been studied by economists and physicists over the
last decade: Kim-Markowitz, Levy-Levy-Solomon, Cont-Bouchaud, Solomon-Weisbuch,
Lux-Marchesi, Donangelo-Sneppen and Solomon-Levy-Huang. After an overview of
simulation approaches in financial economics, we first give a summary of the
Donangelo-Sneppen model of monetary exchange and compare it with related models
in economics literature. Our selective review then outlines the main
ingredients of some influential early models of multi-agent dynamics in
financial markets (Kim-Markowitz, Levy-Levy-Solomon). As will be seen, these
contributions draw their inspiration from the complex appearance of investors'
interactions in real-life markets. Their main aim is to reproduce (and,
thereby, provide possible explanations) for the spectacular bubbles and crashes
seen in certain historical episodes, but they lack (like almost all the work
before 1998 or so) a perspective in terms of the universal statistical features
of financial time series.


title: A non local shell model of turbulent dynamo

abstract:
  We derive a new shell model of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in which
the energy transfers are not necessary local. Like the original MHD equations,
the model conserves the total energy, magnetic helicity, cross-helicity and
volume in phase space (Liouville's theorem) apart from the effects of external
forcing, viscous dissipation and magnetic diffusion. In the absence of magnetic
field the model exhibits a statistically stationary kinetic energy solution
with a Kolmogorov spectrum. The dynamo action from a seed magnetic field by the
turbulent flow and the non linear interactions are studied for a wide range of
magnetic Prandtl numbers in both kinematic and dynamic cases. The non locality
of the energy transfers are clearly identified.


title:
Enhanced functions supporting process planning for aircraft structural
  parts

abstract:
  Aiming at automating the different trades intervening in mechanical parts'
design activities, one finds the weakest link within the interface linking the
computer aided-design trade (CAD) and the process planning trade (CAPP) where a
huge semantic gap is detected. Works generally tends to optimize the
pre-process planning trade (design/CAD) and post-process planning trade
(machinning/CAM). So as to bridge in between CAD and CAPP we present at first
support functions that helps a process planner setting a process plan for an
aircraft structural part. The proposed functions will be forwarded in the same
order the planner questions himself during his first analysis. Each function is
justified by presenting the need behind. We end up on the benefits of having
such an assistance tool as we mention the future perspectives of our works.


title: Comparison of spin effects and self forces on the electron

abstract:
  The relativistic equation of motion of a particle with spin is derived. The
effects of the spin are compared to the effects of the self force. For low
energies the spin effects are shown to be two orders of magnitude larger than
the self force. For higher energies it is shown that the self forces are
bigger, and the overall magnitude of the effects are compared.


title:
Design of mid-IR and THz quantum cascade laser cavities with complete TM
  photonic bandgap

abstract:
  We present the design of mid-infrared and THz quantum cascade laser cavities
formed from planar photonic crystals with a complete in-plane photonic bandgap.
The design is based on a honeycomb lattice, and achieves a full in-plane
photonic gap for transverse-magnetic polarized light while preserving a
connected pattern for efficient electrical injection. Candidate defects modes
for lasing are identified. This lattice is then used as a model system to
demonstrate a novel effect: under certain conditions - that are typically
satisfied in the THz range - a complete photonic gap can be obtained by the
sole patterning of the top metal contact. This possibility greatly reduces the
required fabrication complexity and avoids potential damage of the
semiconductor active region.


title:
Differentiation of functionals with variables coupled by constraints:
  Analysis through a fluid-dynamical model

abstract:
  Analysing an application in liquid film dynamics, a guide for obtaining the
corresponding constrained functional derivatives for constraints coupling the
functional variables is given. The use of constrained derivatives makes the
proper account for constraints possible in time-dependent, nonequilibrium
physical theories, with physical equations not emerging as Euler-Lagrange
equations, which is especially relevant with respect to the dynamics of complex
liquids.


title: Spatial Localization Problem and the Circle of Apollonius

abstract:
  The Circle of Apollonius is named after the ancient geometrician Apollonius
of Perga. This beautiful geometric construct can be helpful when solving some
general problems of mathematical physics, optics and electricity. Here we
discuss its applications to the 'source localization' problems, e.g.
pinpointing a radioactive source using the set of Geiger counters. The Circles
of Apollonius help analyze these problems in transparent and intuitive manner.
This discussion can be useful for High School Physics and Math curriculum.


title: The toroidal momentum pinch velocity

abstract:
  In this letter a pinch velocity of toroidal momentum is shown to exist for
the first time. Using the gyro-kinetic equations in the frame moving with the
equilibrium toroidal velocity, it is shown that the physics effect can be
elegantly formulated through the ``Coriolis'' drift. A fluid model is used to
highlight the main coupling mechanisms between the density and temperature
perturbations on the one hand and the perturbed parallel flow on the other.
Gyro-kinetic calculations are used to accurately asses the magnitude of the
pinch. The pinch velocity leads to a radial gradient of the toroidal velocity
profile even in the absence of a torque on the plasma. It is shown to be
sizeable in the plasmas of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor
(ITER) leading to a moderately peaked rotation profile. Finally, the pinch also
affects the interpretation of current experiments.


title:
The critical properties of the agent-based model with
  environmental-economic interactions

abstract:
  The steady-state and nonequilibrium properties of the model of
environmental-economic interactions are studied. The interacting heterogeneous
agents are simulated on the platform of the emission dynamics of cellular
automaton. The model possess the discontinuous transition between the safe and
catastrophic ecology. Right at the critical line, the broad-scale power-law
distributions of emission rates have been identified. Their relationship to
Zipf's law and models of self-organized criticality is discussed.


title:
Classes of complex networks defined by role-to-role connectivity
  profiles

abstract:
  Interactions between units in phyical, biological, technological, and social
systems usually give rise to intrincate networks with non-trivial structure,
which critically affects the dynamics and properties of the system. The focus
of most current research on complex networks is on global network properties. A
caveat of this approach is that the relevance of global properties hinges on
the premise that networks are homogeneous, whereas most real-world networks
have a markedly modular structure. Here, we report that networks with different
functions, including the Internet, metabolic, air transportation, and protein
interaction networks, have distinct patterns of connections among nodes with
different roles, and that, as a consequence, complex networks can be classified
into two distinct functional classes based on their link type frequency.
Importantly, we demonstrate that the above structural features cannot be
captured by means of often studied global properties.


title:
Accurate numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schr\"odinger
  equation

abstract:
  We present a generalization of the often-used Crank-Nicolson (CN) method of
obtaining numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation. The
generalization yields numerical solutions accurate to order $(\Delta x)^{2r-1}$
in space and $(\Delta t)^{2M}$ in time for any positive integers $r$ and $M$,
while CN employ $r=M=1$. We note dramatic improvement in the attainable
precision (circa 10 or greater orders of magnitude) along with several orders
of magnitude reduction of computational time. The improved method is shown to
lead to feasible studies of coherent-state oscillations with additional
short-range interactions, wavepacket scattering, and long-time studies of
decaying systems.


title: Module identification in bipartite and directed networks

abstract:
  Modularity is one of the most prominent properties of real-world complex
networks. Here, we address the issue of module identification in two important
classes of networks: bipartite networks and directed unipartite networks. Nodes
in bipartite networks are divided into two non-overlapping sets, and the links
must have one end node from each set. Directed unipartite networks only have
one type of nodes, but links have an origin and an end. We show that directed
unipartite networks can be conviniently represented as bipartite networks for
module identification purposes. We report a novel approach especially suited
for module detection in bipartite networks, and define a set of random networks
that enable us to validate the new approach.


title: Fully developed turbulent dynamo at low magnetic Prandtl numbers

abstract:
  We investigate the dynamo problem in the limit of small magnetic Prandtl
number ($\Pm$) using a shell model of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. The model
is designed to satisfy conservation laws of total energy, cross helicity and
magnetic helicity in the limit of inviscid fluid and null magnetic diffusivity.
The forcing is chosen to have a constant injection rate of energy and no
injection of kinetic helicity nor cross helicity. We find that the value of the
critical magnetic Reynolds number ($\Rm$) saturates in the limit of small
$\Pm$. Above the dynamo threshold we study the saturated regime versus $\Rm$
and $\Pm$. In the case of equipartition, we find Kolmogorov spectra for both
kinetic and magnetic energy except for wave numbers just below the resistive
scale. Finally the ratio of both dissipation scales (viscous to resistive)
evolves as $\Pm^{-3/4}$ for $\Pm < 1$


title: The OPERA experiment Target Tracker

abstract:
  The main task of the Target Tracker detector of the long baseline neutrino
oscillation OPERA experiment is to locate in which of the target elementary
constituents, the lead/emulsion bricks, the neutrino interactions have occurred
and also to give calorimetric information about each event. The technology used
consists in walls of two planes of plastic scintillator strips, one per
transverse direction. Wavelength shifting fibres collect the light signal
emitted by the scintillator strips and guide it to both ends where it is read
by multi-anode photomultiplier tubes. All the elements used in the construction
of this detector and its main characteristics are described.


title: First Tests of Thick GEMs with Electrodes Made of a Resistive Kapton

abstract:
  We have developed a new design of a GEM-like detector with single-layer
electrodes made of a resistive kapton. This detector can operate at gains close
to 10E5 even in pure Ar and Ne and if transited to discharges at higher gains
they, due to the high resistivity of electrodes, do not damage either the
detector or the front-end electronics. Gains ~ 106 can be achieved in a
cascaded mode of the operation. The detector can operate without gain
degradation at counting rates up to 10E4Hz/cm2 and thus it could be very useful
in many applications which require safe high gain operation, for example in
RICH, TPCs, calorimetric.


title:
Why our human-sized world behaves classically, not quantum-mechanically:
  A popular non-technical exposition of a new idea

abstract:
  This article provides a popular, largely non-technical explanation of how
large objects can behave classically while smaller objects behave quantum
mechanically, based on the effect of the presence of cosmic expansion
velocities in extended objects. This article is intended to provide a more
accessible presentation of concepts introduced in earlier papers that address
this long-standing enigma in physics.


title: Structurally dynamic spin market networks

abstract:
  The agent-based model of stock price dynamics on a directed evolving complex
network is suggested and studied by direct simulation. The stationary regime is
maintained as a result of the balance between the extremal dynamics, adaptivity
of strategic variables and reconnection rules. The inherent structure of node
agent "brain" is modeled by a recursive neural network with local and global
inputs and feedback connections. For specific parametric combination the
complex network displays small-world phenomenon combined with scale-free
behavior. The identification of a local leader (network hub, agent whose
strategies are frequently adapted by its neighbors) is carried out by repeated
random walk process through network. The simulations show empirically relevant
dynamics of price returns and volatility clustering. The additional emerging
aspects of stylized market statistics are Zipfian distributions of fitness.


title: Activity ageing in growing networks

abstract:
  We present a model for growing information networks where the ageing of a
node depends on the time at which it entered the network and on the last time
it was cited. The model is shown to undergo a transition from a small-world to
large-world network. The degree distribution may exhibit very different shapes
depending on the model parameters, e.g. delta-peaked, exponential or power-law
tailed distributions.


title:
Market Mill Dependence Pattern in the Stock Market: Modeling of
  Predictability and Asymmetry via Multi-Component Conditional Distribution

abstract:
  Recent studies have revealed a number of striking dependence patterns in high
frequency stock price dynamics characterizing probabilistic interrelation
between two consequent price increments x (push) and y (response) as described
by the bivariate probability distribution P(x,y) [1,2,3,4]. There are two
properties, the market mill asymmetries of P(x,y) and predictability due to
nonzero z-shaped mean conditional response, that are of special importance.
Main goal of the present paper is to put together a model reproducing both the
z-shaped mean conditional response and the market mill asymmetry of P(x,y) with
respect to the axis y=0. We develop a probabilistic model based on a
multi-component ansatz for conditional distribution P(y|x) with push-dependent
weights and means describing both properties. A relationship between the market
mill asymmetry and predictability is discussed. A possible connection of the
model to agent-based picture is outlined.


title:
First human trials of a dry electrophysiology sensor using a carbon
  nanotube array interface

abstract:
  Fatigue, sleepiness and disturbed sleep are important factors in health and
safety in modern society and there is considerable interest in developing
technologies for routine monitoring of associated physiological indicators.
Electrophysiology, the measurement of the electrical activity of biological
origin, is a key technique for the measurement of physiological parameters in
several applications, but it has been traditionally difficult to develop
sensors for measurements outside the laboratory or clinic with the required
quality and robustness. In this paper we report the results from first human
experiments using a new electrophysiology sensor called ENOBIO, using carbon
nanotube arrays for penetration of the outer layers of the skin and improved
electrical contact. These tests, which have included traditional protocols for
the analysis of the electrical activity of the brain--spontaneous EEG and
ERP--indicate performance on a par with state of the art research-oriented wet
electrodes, suggesting that the envisioned mechanism--skin penetration--is
responsible. No ill side-effects have been observed six months after the tests,
and the subject did not report any pain or special sensations on application of
the electrode.


title: QED and relativistic corrections in superheavy elements

abstract:
  In this paper we review the different relativistic and QED contributions to
energies, ionic radii, transition probabilities and Land\'e $g$-factors in
super-heavy elements, with the help of the MultiConfiguration Dirac-Fock method
(MCDF). The effects of taking into account the Breit interaction to all orders
by including it in the self-consistent field process are demonstrated. State of
the art radiative corrections are included in the calculation and discussed. We
also study the non-relativistic limit of MCDF calculation and find that the
non-relativistic offset can be unexpectedly large.


title: Lung Nodule Detection in Screening Computed Tomography

abstract:
  A computer-aided detection (CAD) system for the identification of pulmonary
nodules in low-dose multi-detector helical Computed Tomography (CT) images with
1.25 mm slice thickness is presented. The basic modules of our lung-CAD system,
a dot-enhancement filter for nodule candidate selection and a neural classifier
for false-positive finding reduction, are described. The results obtained on
the collected database of lung CT scans are discussed.


title:
Five year prediction of Sea Surface Temperature in the Tropical
  Atlantic: a comparison of simple statistical methods

abstract:
  We are developing schemes that predict future hurricane numbers by first
predicting future sea surface temperatures (SSTs), and then apply the observed
statistical relationship between SST and hurricane numbers. As part of this
overall goal, in this study we compare the historical performance of three
simple statistical methods for making five-year SST forecasts. We also present
SST forecasts for 2006-2010 using these methods and compare them to forecasts
made from two structural time series models.


title: Physical unknowables

abstract:
  A variety of physical unknowables are discussed. Provable lack of physical
omniscience, omnipredictability and omnipotence is derived by reduction to
problems which are known to be recursively unsolvable. "Chaotic" symbolic
dynamical systems are unstable with respect to variations of initial states.
Quantum unknowables include the random occurrence of single events,
complementarity and value indefiniteness.


title:
"Continuum versus Discrete" Physics: brief note on Endo- and
  exo-observer of a physical system

abstract:
  We argue about the following concepts:(i)introduction of endo and
exo-observer of a physical system (ii) possible relation between endo,
exo-observer and continuum/discrete nature of the same system (iii)the
distinction about two categories of observers do not help to solve the basic
nature(continuum/discrete)of the system considered. We argue that discrete math
tool utilized to describe behavior of a physical system is to ascribe to the
exo-observer description. In other words, discreteness nature of a system is
due at the presence of an external observer description, the observation act.
Vice versa, we retain, that endo-observer description give us a continuum
nature of the system but only in a Platonic realm. Finally, we retain that a
real theory of the state of matter could to build a real independence from the
observer. These brief considerations open a discussion on the foundations of
discrete math tools and their relation with the observation act, included the
possible extension to foundations of the quantum mechanics.


title:
Five year ahead prediction of Sea Surface Temperature in the Tropical
  Atlantic: a comparison between IPCC climate models and simple statistical
  methods

abstract:
  There is a clear positive correlation between boreal summer tropical Atlantic
sea-surface temperature and annual hurricane numbers. This motivates the idea
of trying to predict the sea-surface temperature in order to be able to predict
future hurricane activity. In previous work we have used simple statistical
methods to make 5 year predictions of tropical Atlantic sea surface
temperatures for this purpose. We now compare these statistical SST predictions
with SST predictions made by an ensemble mean of IPCC climate models.


title:
Predicting landfalling hurricane numbers from basin hurricane numbers:
  statistical analysis and predictions

abstract:
  One possible method for predicting landfalling hurricane numbers is to first
predict the number of hurricanes in the basin and then convert that prediction
to a prediction of landfalling hurricane numbers using an estimated proportion.
Should this work better than just predicting landfalling hurricane numbers
directly? We perform a basic statistical analysis of this question in the
context of a simple abstract model, and convert some previous predictions of
basin numbers into landfalling numbers.


title:
Predicting hurricane numbers from Sea Surface Temperature: closed form
  expressions for the mean, variance and standard error of the number of
  hurricanes

abstract:
  One way to predict hurricane numbers would be to predict sea surface
temperature, and then predict hurricane numbers as a function of the predicted
sea surface temperature. For certain parametric models for sea surface
temperature and the relationship between sea surface temperature and hurricane
numbers, closed-form solutions exist for the mean and the variance of the
number of predicted hurricanes, and for the standard error on the mean. We
derive a number of such expressions.


title:
A Gap in the Community-Size Distribution of a Large-Scale Social
  Networking Site

abstract:
  Social networking sites (SNS) have recently used by millions of people all
over the world. An SNS is a society on the Internet, where people communicate
and foster friendship with each other. We examine a nation-wide SNS (more than
six million users at present), mutually acknowledged friendship network with
third million people and nearly two million links. By employing a
community-extracting method developed by Newman and others, we found that there
exists a range of community-sizes in which only few communities are detected.
This novel feature cannot be explained by previous growth models of networks.
We present a simple model with two processes of acquaintance, connecting
nearest neighbors and random linkage. We show that the model can explain the
gap in the community-size distribution as well as other statistical properties
including long-tail degree distribution, high transitivity, its correlation
with degree, and degree-degree correlation. The model can estimate how the two
processes, which are ubiquitous in many social networks, are working with
relative frequencies in the SNS as well as other societies.


title: Different topologies for a herding model of opinion

abstract:
  Understanding how opinions spread through a community or how consensus
emerges in noisy environments can have a significant impact on our
comprehension of social relations among individuals. In this work a model for
the dynamics of opinion formation is introduced. The model is based on a
nonlinear interaction between opinion vectors of agents plus a stochastic
variable to account for the effect of noise in the way the agents communicate.
The dynamics presented is able to generate rich dynamical patterns of
interacting groups or clusters of agents with the same opinion without a leader
or centralized control. Our results show that by increasing the intensity of
noise, the system goes from consensus to a disordered state. Depending on the
number of competing opinions and the details of the network of interactions,
the system displays a first- or a second-order transition. We compare the
behavior of different topologies of interactions: one-dimensional chains, and
annealed and complex networks.


title:
Predicting basin and landfalling hurricane numbers from sea surface
  temperature

abstract:
  We are building a hurricane number prediction scheme based on first
predicting main development region sea surface temperature (SST), then
predicting the number of hurricanes in the Atlantic basin given the SST
prediction, and finally predicting the number of US landfalling hurricanes
based on the prediction of the number of basin hurricanes. We have described a
number of SST prediction methods in previous work. We now investigate the
empirical relationship between SST and basin hurricane numbers, and put this
together with the SST predictions to make predictions of both basin and
landfalling hurricane numbers.


title:
A case study of speculative financial bubbles in the South African stock
  market 2003-2006

abstract:
  We tested 45 indices and common stocks traded in the South African stock
market for the possible existence of a bubble over the period from Jan. 2003 to
May 2006. A bubble is defined by a faster-than-exponential acceleration with
significant log-periodic oscillations. The faster-than-exponential acceleration
characteristics are tested with several different metrics, including
nonlinearity on the logarithm of the price and power law fits. The log-periodic
properties are investigated in detail using the first-order log-periodic
power-law (LPPL) formula, the parametric detrending method, the
$(H,q)$-analysis, and the second-order Weierstrass-type model, resulting in a
consistent and robust estimation of the fundamental angular log-frequency
$\omega_1 =7\pm 2$, in reasonable agreement with previous estimations on many
other bubbles in developed and developing markets. Sensitivity tests of the
estimated critical times and of the angular log-frequency are performed by
varying the first date and the last date of the stock price time series. These
tests show that the estimated parameters are robust. With the insight of 6
additional month of data since the analysis was performed, we observe that many
of the stocks on the South Africa market experienced an abrupt drop mid-June
2006, which is compatible with the predicted $t_c$ for several of the stocks,
but not all. This suggests that the mini-crash that occurred around mid-June of
2006 was only a partial correction, which has resumed into a renewed bubbly
acceleration bound to end some times in 2007, similarly to what happened on the
S&P500 US market from Oct. 1997 to Aug. 1998.


title:
Imaging using nano metallic films: from evanescent wave lens to resonant
  tunnelling lens

abstract:
  A thin metal slab is known to be able to focus the near fields of TM wave of
a point source. Here, we show that a thin metal slab in fact possesses a
far-field image and through a simple modification on the system by resonance
tunneling, a double metal slab can give a bright image with both the far-field
and the near-field details.


title:
Statistical Modelling of the Relationship Between Main Development
  Region Sea Surface Temperature and \emph{Landfalling} Atlantic Basin
  Hurricane Numbers

abstract:
  We are building a hurricane number prediction scheme that relies, in part, on
statistical modelling of the empirical relationship between Atlantic sea
surface temperatures and landfalling hurricane numbers. We test out a number of
simple statistical models for that relationship, using data from 1900 to 2005
and data from 1950 to 2005, and for both all hurricane numbers and intense
hurricane numbers. The results are very different from the corresponding
analysis for basin hurricane numbers.


title: Swinging of red blood cells under shear flow

abstract:
  We reveal that under moderate shear stress (of the order of 0.1 Pa) red blood
cells present an oscillation of their inclination (swinging) superimposed to
the long-observed steady tanktreading (TT) motion. A model based on a fluid
ellipsoid surrounded by a visco-elastic membrane initially unstrained (shape
memory) predicts all observed features of the motion: an increase of both
swinging amplitude and period (1/2 the TT period) upon decreasing the shear
stress, a shear stress-triggered transition towards a narrow shear stress-range
intermittent regime of successive swinging and tumbling, and a pure tumbling
motion at lower shear stress-values.


title:
Correlations between hurricane numbers and sea surface temperature: why
  does the correlation disappear at landfall?

abstract:
  There is significant correlation between main development region sea surface
temperature and the number of hurricanes that form in the Atlantic basin. The
correlation between the same sea surface temperatures and the number of
\emph{landfalling} hurricanes is much lower, however. Why is this? Do we need
to consider complex physical hypotheses, or is there a simple statistical
explanation?


title:
Predicting landfalling hurricane numbers from sea surface temperature:
  theoretical comparisons of direct and indirect approaches

abstract:
  We consider two ways that one might convert a prediction of sea surface
temperature (SST) into a prediction of landfalling hurricane numbers. First,
one might regress historical numbers of landfalling hurricanes onto historical
SSTs, and use the fitted regression relation to predict future landfalling
hurricane numbers given predicted SSTs. We call this the direct approach.
Second, one might regress \emph{basin} hurricane numbers onto historical SSTs,
estimate the proportion of basin hurricanes that make landfall, and use the
fitted regression relation and estimated proportion to predict future
landfalling hurricane numbers. We call this the \emph{indirect} approach. Which
of these two methods is likely to work better? We answer this question for two
simple models. The first model is reasonably realistic, but we have to resort
to using simulations to answer the question in the context of this model. The
second model is less realistic, but allows us to derive a general analytical
result.


title: Clusterization, frustration and collectivity in random networks

abstract:
  We consider the random Erd{\H o}s--R\'enyi network with enhanced
clusterization and Ising spins $s=\pm 1$ at the network nodes. Mutually linked
spins interact with energy $J$. Magnetic properties of the system as dependent
on the clustering coefficient $C$ are investigated with the Monte Carlo heat
bath algorithm. For $J>0$ the Curie temperature $T_c$ increases from 3.9 to 5.5
when $C$ increases from almost zero to 0.18. These results deviate only
slightly from the mean field theory. For $J<0$ the spin-glass phase appears
below $T_{SG}$; this temperature decreases with $C$, on the contrary to the
mean field calculations. The results are interpreted in terms of social
systems.


title: The missing measurements of the gravitational constant

abstract:
  In 1998, two centuries after Cavendish, a conference on theory and experiment
of the G measurement pointed out the progress made in various experimental
methods and discussed the effects on the accuracy of G. In spite of several
measurements with torsion balance in vacuum to the aim of reducing some
disturbances, no mention was made about a possible pressure effect in calm air.
In 2000 J.Luo and Z.K.Hu firstly denounced the presence of some unknown
systematic problem on G measurement. In the present work a new systematic error
is analysed which arises from the non-zero balance of the overall momentum
discharged by the air molecules upon the test mass within the vacuum chamber.
This effect is normally negligible, but when the pressure is so low that the
molecule mean free path is comparable to the thickness of the air meatus
surrounding the test mass, the drawing force may become greater than the
gravitational force. Considering the usual size of the meatus, the molecular
effect becomes maximum when the pressure drops to about 0.01milli bar. Before
Heyl measurement at 1 millibar (1927), the experiments were made at higher
pressures. Conversely those made with recent vacuum techniques show pressures
down to 0.1 nanobar (Gundlach and Merkowitz, 2000) and 0.01 nanobar (Gershteyn,
2002). In these experiments the effect of the vacuum pressure appears very
little. As a matter of fact, we were not able to find in the literature some
measurements made at vacuum pressures between the millibar and the nanobar. Why
? This lack appears embarrassing in absence of an adequate physical
explanation.


title: The market efficiency in the stock markets

abstract:
  We study the temporal evolution of the market efficiency in the stock markets
using the complexity, entropy density, standard deviation, autocorrelation
function, and probability distribution of the log return for Standard and
Poor's 500 (S&P 500), Nikkei stock average index, and Korean composition stock
price index (KOSPI). Based on the microscopic spin model, we also find that
these statistical quantities in stock markets depend on the market efficiency.


title: Adhesive Contact to a Coated Elastic Substrate

abstract:
  We show how the quasi-analytic method developed to solve linear elastic
contacts to coated substrates (Perriot A. and Barthel E. {\em J. Mat. Res.},
{\bf 2004}, {\em 19}, 600) may be extended to adhesive contacts. Substrate
inhomogeneity lifts accidental degeneracies and highlights the general
structure of the adhesive contact theory. We explicit the variation of the
contact variables due to substrate inhomogeneity. The relation to other
approaches based on Finite Element analysis is discussed.