title:
From Discrete Protein Kinetics to Continuous Brownian Dynamics: A New
  Perspective

abstract:
  An analysis on the discrete versus continuous views of kinetics of
macromolecules is presented. It is shown that the discrete approach traditional
to biochemistry is insufficient for understanding the dynamics of protein
molecules in aqueous solution. A continous view based on the Brownian dynamics
in energy landscape offers a more comprehensive description of the biological
macromolecules. Two examples, one on protein folding and one on channel gating,
are discussed.


title:
Wheeler-Feynman Absorber Theory Viewed by Model of Expansive
  Nondecelerative Universe

abstract:
  The present contribution documents the harmony of postulates and conclusions
of Wheeler-Feynman absorber theory and the model of Expansive Nondecelerative
Universe. A relationship connecting advanced electromagnetic waves and
gravitational field quanta is rationalized.


title: The Olbers Conjecture, Revisited

abstract:
  The Olbers conjecture, that under reasonable assumptions, light from the
stars should sum at the Earth to make the sky bright at night, has been a
subject of study since the early 19th century. It has been incorporated into
some of modern cosmology. To complement Olbers's conjecture, we suggest a new
calculation modelled as a projecture, in the form of an imaginary star probe.
We find that there are not enough of stars. We also confirm Olbers's reasoning
analytically.
  Note: The SSI-31 slides are numbered and presented at the end of the text;
the slides include some results omitted from the text.


title: Addendum to the CLOUD proposal

abstract:
  This report is the first of two addenda to the CLOUD proposal at CERN
(physics/0104048), which aims to test experimentally the existence a link
between cosmic rays and cloud formation, and to understand the microphysical
mechanism. The document provides further details on the detector design,
scientific motivation and experimental programme.

categories: physics.ao-ph hep-ex physics.geo-ph physics.space-ph


title: Light Propagation For Accelerated Observers

abstract:
  We show that for an observer in translational, rotational or gravitational
motion, a linearly polarized plane wave has two modes of propagation in a
stationary, homogeneous and isotropic medium according to Hertz's version of
Maxwell's theory. The first mode is characterized by polarization at right
angles to the direction of propagation and has a phase velocity that is
controlled by the material constants of the medium. The second mode is
characterized by polarization along the propagation direction and has a phase
velocity that is controlled by the motion of the observer. We outline some
applications of the second mode in emerging technologies.


title:
Radio and optical observations of large-scale traveling ionospheric
  disturbances during a strong geomagnetic storm of 6-8 April 2000

abstract:
  Basic properties of the mid-latitude large-scale traveling ionospheric
disturbances (LS TIDs) during the maximum phase of a strong magnetic storm of
6-8 April 2000 are shown. Total electron content (TEC) variations were studied
by using data from GPS receivers located in Russia and Central Asia. The
nightglow response to this storm at mesopause and termospheric altitudes was
also measured by optical instruments FENIX located at the observatory of the
Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, (51.9 deg. N, 103.0 deg. E) and MORTI
located at the observatory of the Institute of Ionosphere (43.2 deg. N, 77.0
deg. E). Observations of the O (557.7 nm, 630.0 nm, 360-410 nm, and 720-830 nm)
emissions originating from atmospheric layers centered at altitudes of 90 km,
97 km, and 250 km were carried out at Irkutsk and of the O_2 (866.5 nm)
emission originating from an atmospheric layer centered at altitude of 95 km
was carried out at Almaty. Variations of the f_0F2 and virtual altitude of the
F2 layer were measured at Almaty as well. An analysis of data was performed for
the time interval 17.00-21.00 UT comprising a maximum of the Dst derivative.
Results have shown that the storm-induced solitary large-scale wave with
duration of 1 hour and with the front width of 5000 km moved equatorward with
the velocity of 200 ms-1 to a distance of no less than 1000 km. The TEC
disturbance, basically displaying an electron content depression in the maximum
of the F2 region, reveals a good correlation with growing nightglow emission,
the temporal shift between the TEC and emission variation maxima being
different for different altitudes.


title:
Adsorption of CO on a Platinum (111) surface - a study within a
  four-component relativistic density functional approach

abstract:
  We report on results of a theoretical study of the adsorption process of a
single carbon oxide molecule on a Platinum (111) surface. A four-component
relativistic density functional method was applied to account for a proper
description of the strong relativistic effects. A limited number of atoms in
the framework of a cluster approach is used to describe the surface. Different
adsorption sites are investigated. We found that CO is preferably adsorbed at
the top position.


title:
Axisymmetric equilibria of a gravitating plasma with incompressible
  flows

abstract:
  It is found that the ideal magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium of an axisymmetric
gravitating magnetically confined plasma with incompressible flows is governed
by a second-order elliptic differential equation for the poloidal magnetic flux
function containing five flux functions coupled with a Poisson equation for the
gravitation potential, and an algebraic relation for the pressure. This set of
equations is amenable to analytic solutions. As an application, the
magnetic-dipole static axisymmetric equilibria with vanishing poloidal plasma
currents derived recently by Krasheninnikov, Catto, and Hazeltine [Phys. Rev.
Lett. {\bf 82}, 2689 (1999)] are extended to plasmas with finite poloidal
currents, subject to gravitating forces from a massive body (a star or black
hole) and inertial forces due to incompressible sheared flows. Explicit
solutions are obtained in two regimes: (a) in the low-energy regime
$\beta_0\approx \gamma_0\approx \delta_0 \approx\epsilon_0\ll 1$, where
$\beta_0$, $\gamma_0$, $\delta_0$, and $\epsilon_0$ are related to the thermal,
poloidal-current, flow and gravitating energies normalized to the
poloidal-magnetic-field energy, respectively, and (b) in the high-energy regime
$\beta_0\approx \gamma_0\approx \delta_0 \approx\epsilon_0\gg 1$. It turns out
that in the high-energy regime all four forces, pressure-gradient,
toroidal-magnetic-field, inertial, and gravitating contribute equally to the
formation of magnetic surfaces very extended and localized about the symmetry
plane such that the resulting equilibria resemble the accretion disks in
astrophysics.


title: Quantum Force in a Superconductor

abstract:
  A contradiction of the Little-Parks experiment with the Ohm's law and other
fundamental laws is explained. This explanation shows that the Little-Parks
oscillations of the loop resistance are an experimental evidence of a direct
(non-chaotic) Brownian motion. The Langevin force is connected with a change of
the momentum circulation of superconducting pairs because of the quantization.
Its average value can be non-zero because of the quantization. The existence of
a direct Brownian motion contradicts to the principle on which the second law
of thermodynamic is based. Therefore the Little-Parks experiment is evidence of
a possibility of violation of the second law. In the last years other authors
have stated also violation of the second law in different quantum systems:
A.E.Allahverdyan and Th.M.Nieuwenhuizen, PRL 85, 1799 (2000); cond-mat/0011389;
V.Capec and J.Bok, Czech.J. of Phys. 49, 1645 (1999); cond-mat/0012056; Physica
A 290, 379 (2001); P. Weiss, Science News, 158, 234 (2000).


title: Do Fresnel coefficients exist?

abstract:
  The starting point of the article is the puzzling fact that one cannot
recover the Fresnel coefficients by letting tend the width of a slab to
infinity. Without using the so-called limiting absorption principle, we show by
a convenient limit analysis that it is possible to define rigorously the field
diffracted by a semi-infinite periodic medium.


title:
Nonperturbative and perturbative treatments of parametric heating in
  atom traps

abstract:
  We study the quantum description of parametric heating in harmonic potentials
both nonperturbatively and perturbatively, having in mind atom traps. The first
approach establishes an explicit connection between classical and quantum
descriptions; it also gives analytic expressions for properties such as the
width of fractional frequency parametric resonances. The second approach gives
an alternative insight into the problem and can be directly extended to take
into account nonlinear effects. This is specially important for shallow traps.


title: CLOUD: an atmospheric research facility at CERN

abstract:
  This report is the second of two addenda to the CLOUD proposal at CERN
(physics/0104048), which aims to test experimentally the existence a link
between cosmic rays and cloud formation, and to understand the microphysical
mechanism. The document places CLOUD in the framework of a CERN facility for
atmospheric research, and provides further details on the particle beam
requirements.


title:
Gap Size Effects for the Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability in a Hele-Shaw
  Cell

abstract:
  We report experimental results for the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability between
two immiscible fluids in parallel flow in a Hele-Shaw cell. We focus our
interest on the influence of the gap size between the walls on the instability
characteristics. Experimental results show that the instability threshold, the
critical wavelength, the phase velocity and the spatial growth rate depend on
this gap size. These results are compared to both the previous two-dimensional
analysis of Gondret and Rabaud (1997) and the three-dimensional analysis
recently derived by Plourabou=E9 and Hinch (2001), showing that the agreement
is still not complete especially when gap size increases.


title:
About Lie group of the electron magnetohydrodynamics with effect of
  electron inertia and finite conducting

abstract:
  The Lie group of symmetry of the one-dimensional differential equation of
electron magnetohydrodynamics with effect of electron inertia and finite
conducting is found. It's indicated that this group is group of shift of
independent variables and non single-valuety of a potential. Therefore thee no
automodel solution except for running vawes.


title: Planar microfluidics - liquid handling without walls

abstract:
  The miniaturization and integration of electronic circuitry has not only made
the enormous increase in performance of semiconductor devices possible but also
spawned a myriad of new products and applications ranging from a cellular phone
to a personal computer. Similarly, the miniaturization and integration of
chemical and biological processes will revolutionize life sciences. Drug design
and diagnostics in the genomic era require reliable and cost effective high
throughput technologies which can be integrated and allow for a massive
parallelization. Microfluidics is the core technology to realize such
miniaturized laboratories with feature sizes on a submillimeter scale. Here, we
report on a novel microfluidic technology meeting the basic requirements for a
microfluidic processor analogous to those of its electronic counterpart: Cost
effective production, modular design, high speed, scalability and
programmability.


title: Nonequilibrium phase transitions in a model for the origin of life

abstract:
  The requisites for the persistence of small colonies of self-replicating
molecules living in a two-dimensional lattice are investigated analytically in
the infinite diffusion or mean-field limit and through Monte Carlo simulations
in the position-fixed or contact process limit. The molecules are modeled by
hipercyclic replicators A which are capable of replicating via binary fission A
+ E --2A with production rates s as well as via catalytically assisted
replication 2A + E --3A with rate c. In addition, a molecule can degrade into
its source materials E with rate $\gamma$. In the asymptotic regime the
population can be characterized by the presence (active phase) and the absence
(empty phase) of replicators in the lattice. In both diffusion regimes, we find
that for small values of the ratio c/$\gamma$ these phases are separated by a
second-order phase transition which is in the universality class of the
directed percolation, while for small values s/$gamma$ the phase transition is
of first order. Furthermore, we illustrate the suitability of the dynamic Monte
Carlo method, which is based on the analysis of the spreading behaviour of a
few active cells in the center of an otherwise infinite empty lattice, to
adress the problem of emergence of replicators. Rather surprisingly, we show
that this method allows an unambiguous identification of the order of the
nonequilibrium phase transition.


title: Classical teleportation

abstract:
  The examples of "classical teleportation" are done and discussed. Like
"quantum ones" they are far away from the science-fiction prototype.


title: A Possible Alternative Solution to the Solar Neutrino Problem

abstract:
  The results of the Sudbury experiments have seemingly solved the solar
neutrino problem. However, we must remain open to the possibility that these
results may be subjected to new theoretical interpretations in the future.
Should such a reinterpretation transpire, then we may find that the solar
neutrino problem has not been solved. Should that be the case, this paper will
constitute a possible alternative solution to the problem which presents new
theoretical physics.


title:
Electromagnetic diffraction by a circular cylinder with longitudinal
  slots

abstract:
  A method is presented to investigate diffraction of an electromagnetic plane
wave by an infinitely thin infinitely conducting circular cylinder with
longitudinal slots. It is based on the use of the combined boundary conditions
method that consists on expressing the continuity of the tangential components
of both the electric and the magnetic fields in a single equation. This method
proves to be very efficient for this kind of problems and leads to fast
numerical codes.


title:
Three-Dimensional Morphology of Vortex Interfaces Driven by
  Rayleigh-Taylor or Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability

abstract:
  We study the 3D topology of Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) and Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM)
single-modes, which includes bubbles, jets and saddle points. We present an
analytic description of the interface as a whole, for arbitrary time-dependant
acceleration g(t). The dependance of morphology on the lattice - Hexagonal,
square or triangular -of bubbles are investigated. RM accelerations in the case
of a large density ratio produce jets well separated from each other while, in
RT case, jets are connected by liquid sheets. We compare our analytic results
to numerical simulations.


title:
An Analysis of the Thermodynamics of Hydrophobic Solvation Based on
  Scaled Particle Theory

abstract:
  A comprehensive, semi-quantitative model for the thermodynamics of
hydrophobic solvation is presented. The model is based on a very simple premise
suggested by the scaled particle theory and treats both solute and solvent
molecules as hard spheres. A connection between the peculiarly large
heat-capacity change for hydrophobic solvation and the large temperature
dependence of the thermal expansivity of water is found. Analysis reveals a
possible physical origin for the converging behavior of solvation entropies for
a series of homologous hydrophobic compounds. The model suggests that the low
solubility and the large heat-capacity change of hydrophobic solvation stem
from two distinct aspects of water molecules: the static geometry of the
molecule and the dynamic hydrogen bonding network, respectively.


title: Macroscopic Fluid Approach to the Coherent Beam-Beam Interaction

abstract:
  Building on the Radon transform of the Vlasov-Poisson equations, a
macroscopic fluid model for the coherent beam-beam interaction has been
developed. It is shown that the Vlasov equation, expressed in action-angle
variables, can be reduced to a closed set of hydrodynamic (fluid) equations for
the beam density and current velocity. The linearized one dimensional equations
have been analysed, and explicit expressions for the coherent beam-beam
tuneshifts are presented.


title:
New Developments on Gravitational Force and Nonlinear Oscillations of
  Space

abstract:
  This paper contains results obtained as solutions of the Unified Field Theory
equations. It yields space nonlinear oscillations, a quartet of gravitational
forces, quintessence, and replaces Einstein's Cosmological Constant by an
invariant parameter $r_0$ which prevails over the entire evolution of the
Universe.


title:
Self-trapping of light and nonlinear localized modes in 2D photonic
  crystals and waveguides

abstract:
  We overview our recent results on the nonlinear localized modes in
two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals and photonic-crystal waveguides.
Employing the technique based on the Green function, we describe the existence
domains for nonlinear guided modes in photonic crystal waveguides and study
their unique properties including bistability. We also show that low-amplitude
nonlinear modes near the band edge of a reduced-symmetry 2D square-lattice
photonic crystals, which are usually unstable, can be stabilized due to
effective long-range linear and nonlinear interactions.


title: Collective Modes in a Dilute Bose-Fermi Mixture

abstract:
  We here study the collective excitations of a dilute spin-polarized
Bose-Fermi mixture at zero temperature, considering in particular the features
arising from the interaction between the two species. We show that a
propagating zero-sound mode is possible for the fermions even when they do not
interact among themselves.


title: S-matrix poles and the second virial coefficient

abstract:
  For cutoff potentials, a condition which is not a limitation for the
calculation of physical systems, the S-matrix is meromorphic. We can express it
in terms of its poles, and then calculate the quantum mechanical second virial
coefficient of a neutral gas.
  Here, we take another look at this approach, and discuss the feasibility,
attraction and problems of the method. Among concerns are the rate of
convergence of the 'pole' expansion and the physical significance of the
'higher' poles.


title:
Newtonian gravity, red shift, confinement, asymptotic freedom and quarks
  oscillations

abstract:
  Quarks oscillations give the Newtonian gravity law, the red shift, the
confinement and the asymptotic freedom.


title:
Measurement of low-energy antiproton detection efficiency in BESS below
  1 GeV

abstract:
  An accelerator experiment was performed using a low-energy antiproton beam to
measure antiproton detection efficiency of BESS, a balloon-borne spectrometer
with a superconducting solenoid. Measured efficiencies showed good agreement
with calculated ones derived from the BESS Monte Carlo simulation based on
GEANT/GHEISHA. With detailed verification of the BESS simulation, the relative
systematic error of detection efficiency derived from the BESS simulation has
been determined to be $\pm$5%, compared with the previous estimation of
$\pm$15% which was the dominant uncertainty for measurements of cosmic-ray
antiproton flux.


title:
High-resolution Doppler-free molecular spectroscopy with a
  continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator

abstract:
  We present a reliable, narrow linewidth (100 kHz) continuous-wave optical
parametric oscillator (OPO) suitable for high-resolution spectroscopy
applications. The OPO is based on a periodically-poled lithium-niobate crystal
and features a specially designed intracavity etalon which permits its
continuous tuning and stable operation at any desired wavelength in a wide
operation range. We demonstrate Doppler-free spectroscopy on a rovibrational
transition of methane at 3.39 um.


title:
The Day-night Variation of Cosmic Rays Instensity at Sea Level Under the
  Influence of Meteorological Fronts and Troughs

abstract:
  The day-night variation of cosmic rays intensity at sea level has been
observed by a simple G-M counter telescope. We preform two 5 hours counting
during the day and night and find that the pattern of variation is closely
related to the atmospheric disturbance, especially when the observation station
is being affected by meterological front or trough. Such effects may lasts for
a few days until the trough or fronts weakened. The pattern of variation may be
negatively correlated to the altitude of the 0 degC level of the atmosphere.
This is closely related to the muon decay effect in the atmosphere. The
phenomenon should be further investigation for possible application in weather
forecasting.


title: Statistics of Atmospheric Correlations

abstract:
  For a large class of quantum systems the statistical properties of their
spectrum show remarkable agreement with random matrix predictions. Recent
advances show that the scope of random matrix theory is much wider. In this
work, we show that the random matrix approach can be beneficially applied to a
completely different classical domain, namely, to the empirical correlation
matrices obtained from the analysis of the basic atmospheric parameters that
characterise the state of atmosphere. We show that the spectrum of atmospheric
correlation matrices satisfy the random matrix prescription. In particular, the
eigenmodes of the atmospheric empirical correlation matrices that have physical
significance are marked by deviations from the eigenvector distribution.


title: Generation of bright soliton through the interaction of black solitons

abstract:
  We report on the possibility of having two black solitons interacting inside
a silica fiber that presents normal group-velocity dispersion, to generate a
pair of solitons, a vector soliton of the black-bright type. The model obeys a
pair of coupled nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations, that follows in accordance
with a Ginzburg-Landau equation describing the anisotropic XY model. We solve
the coupled equations using a trial-orbit method, which plays a significant
role when the Schr\"odinger equations are reduced to first order differential
equations.

categories: physics.optics cond-mat.soft hep-th physics.gen-ph


title: Extension of the Equivalence Between Acceleration and Gravitation

abstract:
  We conclude that Special relativity effects are caused by a period of
acceleration in the past, before they are measure in uniform velocity. This can
be regarded as extension of the equivalence principle of General Relativity.We
define the notation tp for the acceleration time in the past and formulate the
equations for : space-time,velocities additions, mass and energy. The equations
give in some cases different results from the usuall special relativity.Our
results are obtained by experiments like Hafele and Kaeting experiment. We
deduce the existence a cosmological frame we call : Universal Inertial Frame.


title: Resonator-Enhanced Optical Dipole Trap for Fermionic Lithium Atoms

abstract:
  We demonstrate a novel optical dipole trap which is based on the enhancement
of the optical power density of a Nd:YAG laser beam in a resonator. The trap is
particularly suited for experiments with ultracold gases, as it combines a
potential depth of order 1 mK with storage times of several tens of seconds. We
study the interactions in a gas of fermionic lithium atoms in our trap and
observe the influence of spin-changing collisions and off-resonant photon
scattering. A key element in reaching long storage times is an ultra-low noise
laser. The dependence of the storage time on laser noise is investigated.


title: Stresses, energy flow and energy density of gravitational nature

abstract:
  Two arguments which show the validity of the concept of gravitational energy
put forward by Lorentz and Levi-Civita.


title:
A Relativistic Gravitational Model Based on an Atom's Behavior in a
  Gravitational Field

abstract:
  A simple general relativity theory for objects moving in gravitational fields
is developed based on studying the behavior of an atom in a gravitational
field. The theory is applied to calculate the satellite time dilation, light
deflection by the sun, and Mercury's precession with an error of less than 1%.
The approach to the new theory introduced here is radically different from the
geometric approach used by Einstein's general relativity. The theory is field
based where the potential energy of a system of masses can be easily calculated
and the force can be found as the gradient of the potential field in analogy to
the Newtonian mechanics. The resulting field equations become the traditional
Newton's equations when week gravitational effects are present. The theory
complies with all the known experimental results such as the gravitational time
dilation and faster light speeds higher in the gravitational field. The special
relativity theory of an object moving without experiencing gravitational fields
can be derived directly from the gravitational field equations introduced here.
The theory introduced here has crucial differences to Einstein's general
relativity theory. For example, the gravitational field cannot accelerate an
object to higher than the speed of light and the event horizon of a black hole
(where light cannot escape) has to be of zero radius, essentially meaning that
light can escape any object unless the object has infinite density. Another
primary consequence of this study is that the principle of equivalence of
gravitational and inertial mass has only limited validity and a new definition
of gravitational mass is given here.


title: Standard and Hyperfinite Unifications for All Physical Theories

abstract:
  In this paper, the set of all physical theories is represented by a countable
subset of the lattice of consequence operators defined on a language L. It is
established that there exists a unifying injection U defined on the set of
significant representations for natural-systems M. If W is a member of M, then
U selects an ultralogic C such that C(*W) restricted to L is a unification for
the set of all physical theories as each is applied to W. There also exists a
standard injection S that for each W in M selects a standard unifying
consequence operator D, where C(*W) is a subset of *D(*W). It is also shown how
to use these unifying operators and obtain a product operator that has the same
effect but, in a practical sense, this operator is applied to every
natural-system within our universe simultaneously.


title: Fresnel coefficients as hyperbolic rotations

abstract:
  We describe the action of a plane interface between two semi-infinite media
in terms of a transfer matrix. We find a remarkably simple factorization of
this matrix, which enables us to express the Fresnel coefficients as a
hyperbolic rotation.


title: Two-step Liquid Drop Model for Binary, Metal-rich Clusters

abstract:
  It is shown that differences observed between the ionization potentials of
the molecular-doped metallic clusters and those corresponding to the bare
metallic ones can be explained by a two-step approach of the classical Liquid
Drop Model. This approach takes into account the distinct physical properties
of the interface between the molecular core and the metallic shell. Also, it is
shown that the presence of the molecular core may act in the determination of
the predominant channel of the coulombic fission.


title:
Comparative investigation of 39K and 40K trap loss rates: alternative
  loss channel at low light intensities

abstract:
  We report a comparative investigation of trap loss rates in a magneto-optical
trap for two potassium isotopes, 39K and 40K, as a function of trap light
intensity. The isotopes present a quite similar behavior for the loss rates at
high intensities, and a sudden increase of the loss rates at low intensities is
present in both cases. While for 39K such increase can be explained assuming
that the major contribution to the losses comes from Hyperfine Changing
Collisions, a different loss mechanism must be considered for 40K, which has an
inverted ground state hyperfine structure. The experimental results of both
isotopes are well reproduced by an alternative model based on radiative escape
as the dominant loss mechanism.


title:
A Shaky Road to Subnanometer Beams. NLC Ground Motion, Vibration and
  Stabilization Studies

abstract:
  Ground motion and vibration can be a limiting factor in the performance of
future linear colliders. Investigations of ground motion have been carried out
around the world for several decades. In this review, results of recent
investigations of ground motion as well as ongoing developments of
stabilization methods are presented.


title: Two-Surface Wave Decay

abstract:
  Using an analytical model we discuss the parametric excitation of pairs of
electron surface waves (ESW) in the interaction of an ultrashort, intense laser
pulse with an overdense plasma which has a step-like density profile. The ESWs
can be excited either by the electric or by the magnetic part of the Lorentz
force exerted by the laser and, correspondingly, have frequencies around
$\omega/2$ or $\omega$, where $\omega$ is the laser frequency.


title: QED self-energy contribution to highly-excited atomic states

abstract:
  We present numerical values for the self-energy shifts predicted by QED
(Quantum Electrodynamics) for hydrogenlike ions (nuclear charge $60 \le Z \le
110$) with an electron in an $n=3$, 4 or 5 level with high angular momentum
($5/2\le j \le 9/2$). Applications include predictions of precision transition
energies and studies of the outer-shell structure of atoms and ions.


title:
Surface Oscillations in Overdense Plasmas Irradiated by Ultrashort Laser
  Pulses

abstract:
  The generation of electron surface oscillations in overdense plasmas
irradiated at normal incidence by an intense laser pulse is investigated.
Two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell simulations show a transition from a
planar, electrostatic oscillation at $2\omega$, with $\omega$ the laser
frequency, to a 2D electromagnetic oscillation at frequency $\omega$ and
wavevector $k>\omega/c$. A new electron parametric instability, involving the
decay of a 1D electrostatic oscillation into two surface waves, is introduced
to explain the basic features of the 2D oscillations. This effect leads to the
rippling of the plasma surface within a few laser cycles, and is likely to have
a strong impact on laser interaction with solid targets.


title:
Static and Dynamic Regimes of Arbitrary Gain Compensation Single-Mode
  Laser Diodes

abstract:
  We report on a methodology for the evaluation of the DC characteristics,
small-signal frequency response and large-signal dynamic response of carrier
and photon density responses in semiconductor laser diodes. A single mode laser
is considered and described with a pair of rate equations containing a novel
non-linear gain compensation term depending on a single parameter that can be
chosen arbitrarily. This approach can be applied to any type of solid-state
laser as long as it is described by a set of rate equations.


title:
Generalization of differential Maxwell equations from integral
  electrodynamics laws for moving ambiences

abstract:
  We study differential equations, describing interaction of electromagnetic
field with moving sidebars and surfaces, coming from integral electrodynamics
laws. It is shown that differential equations contain but the such features of
electromagnetic field as E, H, distributions of charges and currents, as well
as features of surfaces, to which sidebar is leaning, changing its form with a
time.


title: The Phase Diagram of QCD

abstract:
  I use simple thermodynamic reasoning to argue that at temperatures of order a
trillion kelvin, QCD, the theory which describes strongly interacting particles
such as protons and neutrons under normal conditions, undergoes a phase
transition to a plasma of more elementary constituents called quarks and
gluons. I review what is known about the plasma phase both from theoretical
calculations and from experiments involving the collisions of large atomic
nuclei moving at relativistic speeds. Finally I consider the behaviour of
nuclear material under conditions of extreme density, and discuss possible
exotic phenomena such as quark matter and color superconductivity.


title:
Forces at the Sea Bed using a Finite Element Solution of the Mild Slope
  Wave Equation

abstract:
  An algorithm to compute forces at the sea bed from a finite element solution
to the mild slope wave equation is devised in this work. The algorithm is best
considered as consisting of two logical parts: The first is concerned with the
computation of the derivatives to a finite element solution, given the
associated mesh; the second is a bi-quadratic least squares fit which serves to
model the sea bed locally in the vicinity of a node. The force at the sea bed
can be quantified in terms of either lift and drag, the likes of Stokes'
formula or traction. While the latter quantity is the most desireable, the
direct computation of tractions at the sea bed is controversial in the context
of the mild slope wave equation as a result of the irrotationality implied by
the use of potentials. This work ultimately envisages a ``Monte Carlo''
approach using wave induced forces to elucidate presently known heavy mineral
placer deposits and, consequently, to predict the existance of other deposits
which remain as yet undiscovered.

categories: physics.ao-ph physics.comp-ph physics.flu-dyn physics.geo-ph


title:
The Nature of the Chemical Process. 1. Symmetry Evolution - Revised
  Information Theory, Similarity Principle and Ugly Symmetry

abstract:
  Three laws of information theory have been proposed. Labeling by introducing
nonsymmetry and formatting by introducing symmetry are defined. The function L
(L=lnw, w is the number of microstates, or the sum of entropy and information,
L=S+I) of the universe is a constant (the first law of information theory). The
entropy S of the universe tends toward a maximum (the second law law of
information theory). For a perfect symmetric static structure, the information
is zero and the static entropy is the maximum (the third law law of information
theory). Based on the Gibbs inequality and the second law of the revised
information theory we have proved the similarity principle (a continuous higher
similarity-higher entropy relation after the rejection of the Gibbs paradox)
and proved the Curie-Rosen symmetry principle (a higher symmetry-higher
stability relation) as a special case of the similarity principle. Some
examples in chemical physics have been given. Spontaneous processes of all
kinds of molecular interaction, phase separation and phase transition,
including symmetry breaking and the densest molecular packing and
crystallization, are all driven by information minimization or symmetry
maximization. The evolution of the universe in general and evolution of life in
particular can be quantitatively considered as a series of symmetry breaking
processes. The two empirical rules - similarity rule and complementarity rule -
have been given a theoretical foundation. All kinds of periodicity in space and
time are symmetries and contribute to the stability. Symmetry is beautiful
because it renders stability. However, symmetry is in principle ugly because it
is associated with information loss.


title: A Conjecture about a "vision" model for blind men

abstract:
  In this work we present a "vision" model for blind people, preferentially for
those ones of birth origin. The model should be implemented using the available
computational resources at the moment. The model uses a simulation of an
optical image by an appropriate sonorous "image" according to certain rules.


title:
Decoupled Moderators - Do we always need them? or: A New Approach for
  Pulse Shaping

abstract:
  At a spallation neutron source, the wavelength of a neutron is generally
determined by its time-of-flight (TOF) from the source to the detector. The
achievable precision is ultimately limited by the non-zero emission time-width
of the source/moderator system. Particularly, coupled moderators that are used
to produce high intensity cold neutron beams show long "tails" in the
intensity/time distribution for all wavelengths. For this reason much less
intense decoupled moderators are often used for instruments that require high
resolution. We present here a novel technique for dynamic energy filtering of
thermal and cold polarized neutron beams. The device consists of a
polarizer/analyzer system and an energy-selective spin-resonance flipper. By
drifting its resonance condition in synchronization with the TOF, the filter
controls the energy resolution of a broad bandwidth TOF neutron pulse.
Calculations show that substantial resolution gains are obtainable by applying
this technique to a TOF neutron reflectometer.


title: Distinquishing of indistinquishable. Coarse graining of relationships

abstract:
  At present many of the endeavours in physics are made to recognize in quantum
substance classical reality, time, subjectivity, consciousness and many other
physical and nonphysical features. The purpose of these remarks is to draw
attention to a fact that perplex situations are to be understood in 'unteared
off' manner of fundamental and relative 'mixture'.


title: Variable-Phase Asynchronous Cyclotron

abstract:
  The conceptual design of a Variable-Phase Asynchronous Cyclotron (VPAC) is
describe, which provides longitudinal bunch compression of accelerated proton
or ion beams, and thus, permits high current acceleration at higher accelerator
efficiency, where the possible beam losses are minimized and the accelerator's
mechanical tolerances are relaxed. Beam control is assured by the ability to
independently set and vary the acceleration phase and rf voltage amplitude, the
inter-cavity harmonic number and the transverse focusing strength, which
considerably overcome the space charge effects in each sector and turn of the
proposed cyclotron. The new accelerator concept is especially suitable to
accelerate intense proton beams up to 800 MeV in energy and average beam
current in the 100-mA class. All accelerator elements are based on currently
available and feasible technologies. To demonstrate feasibility of design, the
detailed calculations and modeling of a 10-turn VPAC prototype for the
production of 25.6 MeV, 100 mA proton beam are presented and the key features
of the new accelerator concept are discussed.


title: Fluctuation Analysis of Human Electroencephalogram

abstract:
  The scaling behaviors of the human electroencephalogram (EEG) time series are
studied using detrended fluctuation analysis. Two scaling regions are found in
nearly every channel for all subjects examined. The scatter plot of the scaling
exponents for all channels (up to 129) reveals the complicated structure of a
subject's brain activity. Moment analyses are performed to extract the gross
features of all the scaling exponents, and another universal scaling behavior
is identified. A one-parameter description is found to characterize the
fluctuation properties of the nonlinear behaviors of the brain dynamics.


title:
On the feasibility of cooling and trapping metastable alkaline-earth
  atoms

abstract:
  Metastability and long-range interactions of Mg, Ca, and Sr in the
lowest-energy metastable $^3P_2$ state are investigated. The calculated
lifetimes are 38 minutes for Mg*, 118 minutes for Ca*, and 17 minutes for Sr*,
supporting feasibility of cooling and trapping experiments. The
quadrupole-quadrupole long-range interactions of two metastable atoms are
evaluated for various molecular symmetries. Hund's case (c) 4_g potential
possesses a large 100-1000 K potential barrier. Therefore magnetic trap losses
can possibly be reduced using cold metastable atoms in a stretched M=2 state.
Calculations were performed in the framework of ab initio relativistic
configuration interaction method coupled with the random-phase approximation.


title: Violation of the gauge equivalence

abstract:
  F. V. Gubarev et al. (``On the significance of the vector potential
squared'', Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2220) have argued that the vector potential
itself may have physical meaning, in defiance of the gauge equivalence
principle. Earlier R. I. Khrapko proposed a gauge noninvariant electrodynamics
spin tensor (``Spin density of electromagnetic waves''). The standard
electrodynamics spin tensor is zero.
  Here we point out that the Biot-Savarat formula uniquely results in a
preferred, "true" vector potential field which is generated from a given
magnetic field. A similar integral formula uniquely permits to find a "true"
scalar potential field generated from a given electric field even in the case
of a nonpotential electric field.
  A conception of differential forms is used. We say that an exterior
derivative of a form is the boundary of this form and the integration of a form
by the Biot-Savarat-type formula results in a new form named the generation.
Generating from a generation yields zero. The boundary of a boundary is zero. A
boundary is closed. A generation is sterile. A conjugation is considered. The
conjugation converts closed forms to sterile forms and back. It permits to
construct chains of forms. The conjunction differs from the Hodge star
operation: the conjugation does not imply the dualization. A circularly
polarized wave is considered in view of the electrodynamics spin tensor
problem.
  A new anthropic principle is presented.


title:
Observation of coherent transients in ultrashort chirped excitation of
  an undamped two-level system

abstract:
  The effects of Coherent excitation of a two level system with a linearly
chirped pulse are studied theoretically and experimentally (in Rb (5s - 5p)) in
the low field regime. The Coherent Transients are measured directly on the
excited state population on an ultrashort time scale. A sharp step corresponds
to the passage through resonance. It is followed by oscillations resulting from
interferences between off-resonant and resonant contributions. We finally show
the equivalence between this experiment and Fresnel diffraction by a sharp
edge.


title: Visualization of Coulomb Correlations in Finite Metallic Systems

abstract:
  We present an analytic ansatz to find the effective electrostatic potential
and Coulomb correlations in multicenter problems, specifically homogeneous and
doped clusters of metal atoms. The approach is based on a quasi-classical
density-functional treatment. We focus on the interpretive aspect of our
findings, particularly on extracting insight regarding the geometric effects of
Coulomb correlations for any given spatial disposition of ionic cores. For
singly-doped metallic clusters we obtain a direct visualization of the
variations of both screening and Coulomb correlations with changes of location
of the dopant atom. This analysis provides a way to interpret recent
observations of the variability of physical properties of metal clusters with
changes of composition and geometry.


title: Some Problems with Negative Refraction

abstract:
  J. B. Pendry's "Negative Refraction Makes a Perfect Lens" is analyzed.
  It appears that several statements may be understood in terms of lens design
but not in terms of fundamental behavior of light.


abstract:
  An introductory survey on the Schroedinger uncertainty relation and its
minimization states is presented with minimal number of formulas and some
historical points. The case of the two canonical observables, position and
momentum, is discussed in greater detail: basic properties of the two subsets
of minimization states (canonical squeezed and coherent states) are reviewed
and compared. The case of two non-canonical observables is breafly outlined.
Stanfard SU(1,1) and SU(2) group-related coherent states can be defined as
states that minimize Schroedinger inequality for the three pairs of generators
simultaneously. The symmetry of the Heisenberg and Schroedinger relations is
also discussed, and two natural generalizations to the cases of several
observables and several states are noted.

categories: physics.atom-ph cond-mat nucl-th quant-ph


title: Dynamics of Bright Soliton in Optical Fiber

abstract:
  The bright soliton in optical fiber is generally investigated via its spatial
evolution in the time domain, where its waveform is considered in many studies.
To be consistent with the well-established picture of the dynamics of solitons
in other systems, in this letter, we propose it is helpful to study the
temporal evolution of the bright soliton by examining its waveshape propagating
along the space coordinate axis. We develop a singular theory. Equations
governing the evolution of the parameters of the bright soliton in the slow
time and the radiated field are explicitly formulated for the first time. In
addition, localized modes are found to appear.


title: Dark Area Theorem

abstract:
  We report the discovery of a "dark area theorem," a new quantum optical
relation for propagation of unmatched pulses in thick three-level
$\Lambda$-type media. We define dark area and derive the dark area theorem for
a coherently prepared and inhomogeneously broadened lambda medium. We also
obtain the first equation for the spatial evolution of the dark state amplitude
prior to pulse-matching.


title:
Ideas Behind Kolmogorov Complexity and Related Kolmogorov's Ideas about
  The Physical Impossibility of Large Integers: How Their Formalization Can
  Help in Foundations of Physics

abstract:
  In addition to the equations, physicists use the following additional
difficult-to-formalize property: that the initial conditions and the value of
the parameters must not be abnormal. We will describe a natural formalization
of this property, and show that this formalization in good accordance with
theoretical physics. At present, this formalization has been mainly applied to
the foundations of physics. However, potentially, more practical applications
are possible.


title:
Generic Smooth Connection Functions - A New Analytic Approach to
  Interpolation

abstract:
  We present a generic solution to the fundamental problem of how to connect
two points in a plane by a smooth curve that goes through these points with a
given slope. The smoothness of any curve depends both on its curvature and its
length. The smoothest curves correspond to a particular compromise between
minimal curvature and minimal length. They can be described by a class of
functions that satisfy certain boundary conditions and minimize a weight
functional. The value of this functional is given essentially by the average of
the curvature raised to some power \nu times the length of the curve. The
parameter \nu determines the importance of minimal curvature with respect to
minimal length. In order to find the functions that obtain the minimal weight,
we use extensively notions that are well-known in classical mechanics. The
minimization of the weight functional via the Euler-Lagrange formalism leads to
a highly non-trivial differential equation. Using the symmetries of the problem
it is possible to find conserved quantities, that help to simplify the problem
to a level where the solution functions can be written in a closed form for any
given \nu. Applying the appropriate coordinate transformation to these
solutions allows to adjust them to all possible boundary conditions.


title:
Damping of plasma-electron oscillations and waves in low-collision
  electron-ion plasmas

abstract:
  Previously developed method for finding asymptotic solutions of Vlasov
equations using two-dimensional (in coordinate x and time t) Laplace transform
is applied to low-collision electron-ion plasmas. Taking into account Coulomb
collisions in the limit m_e << m_i, \bar{v_i} << \bar{v_e}, and T_e m_e << T_i
m_i, results in the expression for longitudinal high-frequency plasma-electron
oscillation/wave decrement essentially depending on oscillation frequency
\omega. This expression is quite different from the used one for low-frequency
plasma sound, which can be derived using expansion in asymptotically divergent
series in \delta/\omega_0, k v_i/\omega_0, where \delta is imaginary part of
the frequency \omega=\omega_0+i\delta, and does not reduce to simple expression
with some collision frequency \delta\sim\nu^{eff}_{e_i}.


title:
Analytical Expressions for a Hyperspherical Adiabatic Basis Three
  Particles in 2 Dimensions

abstract:
  For a particular case of three-body scattering in 2 dimensions, we
demonstrate analytically that the behaviour of the adiabatic potential is
different from that of the hyperspherical coupling matrix elements, thereby
leading to a phase shift that tends to zero, as the energy goes to zero,
instead of to a constant. We consider two particles interacting with binary
repulsive step potentials, one acting as a spectator, and solve analytically
for the adiabatic eigenvalues and eigenvectors, for all values of rho. We are
thereby able to obtain the leading terms in the long range behaviour of the
effective potentials, and confirm its inverse logarithmic nature, suggested
from a previous numerical study.


title: Gallium nanoparticles grow where light is

abstract:
  The study of metallic nanoparticles has a long tradition in linear and
nonlinear optics [1], with current emphasis on the ultrafast dynamics, size,
shape and collective effects in their optical response [2-6]. Nanoparticles
also represent the ultimate confined geometry:high surface-to-volume ratios
lead to local field enhancements and a range of dramatic modifications of the
material's properties and phase diagram [7-9]. Confined gallium has become a
subject of special interest as the light-induced structural phase transition
recently observed in gallium films [10, 11] has allowed for the demonstration
of all-optical switching devices that operate at low laser power [12].
Spontaneous self-assembly has been the main approach to the preparation of
nanoparticles (for a review see 13). Here we report that light can dramatically
influence the nanoparticle self-assembly process: illumination of a substrate
exposed to a beam of gallium atoms results in the formation of nanoparticles
with a relatively narrow size distribution. Very low light intensities, below
the threshold for thermally-induced evaporation, exert considerable control
over nanoparticle formation through non-thermal atomic desorption induced by
electronic excitation.


title: Overcharging by macroions: above all, an entropy effect

abstract:
  Model macroion solutions next to a charged wall show interface \textit{true
overcharging}, charge reversal and inversion, and layering. Macroion layering
is present, even if the wall or the macroparticle are \textit{uncharged} or if
the wall and macroions are like-charged. An effective long-range attractive
force between the adsorbed macroions is implied. The results are obtained
through an integral equation theory and a new extended Poisson-Boltzmann
theory, and are in accordance with experiments on confined macroions and
polymer layering.


title:
Broadband optical gain via interference in the free electron laser:
  principles and proposed realizations

abstract:
  We propose experimentally simplified schemes of an optically dispersive
interface region between two coupled free electron lasers (FELs), aimed at
achieving a much broader gain bandwidth than in a conventional FEL or a
conventional optical klystron composed of two separated FELs. The proposed
schemes can {\it universally} enhance the gain of FELs, regardless of their
design when operated in the short pulsed regime.


title:
Long-time discrete particle effects versus kinetic theory in the
  self-consistent single-wave model

abstract:
  The influence of the finite number N of particles coupled to a monochromatic
wave in a collisionless plasma is investigated. For growth as well as damping
of the wave, discrete particle numerical simulations show an N-dependent long
time behavior resulting from the dynamics of individual particles. This
behavior differs from the one due to the numerical errors incurred by Vlasov
approaches. Trapping oscillations are crucial to long time dynamics, as the
wave oscillations are controlled by the particle distribution inhomogeneities
and the pulsating separatrix crossings drive the relaxation towards thermal
equilibrium.

categories: physics.plasm-ph cond-mat.stat-mech nlin.CD physics.comp-ph


title: The Depth and Breadth of John Bell's Physics

abstract:
  John Bell's investigations in foundations of quantum mechanics, particle
physics, and quantum field theory are recalled.


title: Atom gratings produced by large angle atom beam splitters

abstract:
  An asymptotic theory of atom scattering by large amplitude periodic
potentials is developed in the Raman-Nath approximation. The atom grating
profile arising after scattering is evaluated in the Fresnel zone for
triangular, sinusoidal, magneto-optical, and bichromatic field potentials. It
is shown that, owing to the scattering in these potentials, two
\QTR{em}{groups} of momentum states are produced rather than two distinct
momentum components. The corresponding spatial density profile is calculated
and found to differ significantly from a pure sinusoid.


title: Carnot cycle for an oscillator

abstract:
  Carnot established in 1824 that the efficiency of cyclic engines operating
between a hot bath at absolute temperature $T_{hot}$ and a bath at a lower
temperature $T_{cold}$ cannot exceed $1-T_{cold}/T_{hot}$. We show that linear
oscillators alternately in contact with hot and cold baths obey this principle
in the quantum as well as in the classical regime. The expression of the work
performed is derived from a simple prescription. Reversible and non-reversible
cycles are illustrated. The paper begins with historical considerations and is
essentially self-contained.

categories: physics.ed-ph cond-mat.stat-mech physics.chem-ph physics.optics quant-ph


title:
Arithmetic of Plane Cremona Transformations and the Dimensions of
  Transfinite Heterotic String Space-Time

abstract:
  It is shown that the two sequences of characteristic dimensions of
transfinite heterotic string space-time found by El Naschie can be remarkably
well accounted for in terms of the arithmetic of self-conjugate homaloidal nets
of plane algebraic curves of orders 3 to 20. A firm algebraic geometrical
justification is thus given not only for all the relevant dimensions of the
classical theory, but also for other two dimensions proposed by El Naschie,
viz. the inverse of quantum gravity coupling constant (~42.36067977) and that
of (one half of) fine structure constant (~68.54101967). A non-trivial coupling
between the two El Naschie sequences is also revealed.


title: Energetic photoionization of neutral and ionic metal clusters

abstract:
  We show, with an example of Na_92, that for jellium metal clusters the
interference of fast electron-waves emitted from equivalent sites on the
cluster edge produces monochromatic oscillations in all photoionization
observables as a function of the photoelectron momentum; the effect is
equivalent to the usual dispersion phenomenon. In dealing with formalisms, a
serious consequence of the inadequacy of self-interaction corrected local
density-functional theory in correctly accounting for the exchange interaction
is identified. We also briefly discuss the influence of the ionicity of the
residual core on photospectra by considering the neutral member with N=58 and
and the ionic member with N=52 of the Na_58 iso-jellium series, where N is the
number of valence electrons. A few final remarks on possible implications of
these results on other quantum systems of delocalized electrons are made.


title:
The Electrochemical Reduction of Hydrogen in the Presence of Bisulfate
  on Platinum(111)

abstract:
  A new model for the intermediate compound of the hydrogen evolution reaction
(HER) is proposed, for the electrochemical reduction of hydrogen in the
presence of bisulfate on platinum(111). The formation of this compound, a
regular 2 dimensional honeycomb ice lattice, occurs by a first order phase
transitions that involves the reorientation of water molecules. The model is
analyzed using new and simple effective cluster approach which highlights the
relevant transitions in system. This method is based on the cluster variation
method used successfully in our previous work on the UPD of Cu onto Au(111),
and permits us to explore a large region of parameter space, an essential
feature to study this complex system. The theory makes full use of the
properties of the diffuse layer: The water molecule is reoriented as the
potential is changed. For positive potentials it forms linear chains which are
responsible for the $\sqrt 3 \times \sqrt 7$ structure of the sulfate observed
by STM. At negative potentials water turns so that its dipole points towards
the Pt. Then it will form a regular honeycomb network of hydrogen bonded
molecules, with the sulfate at the center of the hexagons. Then the bisulfate
is desorbed, leaving the honeycomb HER structure behind. Our model thus
provides an explanation of the well known fact that only 2/3 of the Pt atoms
participate in the electroreduction of the hydrogen. The theory implies
geometrical constraints to the water potential.


title: On the interaction of point charges in an arbitrary domain

abstract:
  We develop a systematic approach to calculating the electrostatic force
between point charges in an arbitrary geometry with arbitrary boundary
conditions. When the boundary is present, the simple expression for the force
acting on a charge as ``the charge times the field it is placed in'' becomes
ill-defined. However, this rule can be salvaged if the field in question is
redefined to include all the terms that do not diverge at the charge position,
in particular, those due to the charge itself. The proof requires handling the
self-action energy divergence for point charges, which is accomplished by means
of a geometrical regularization.


title: Microscopic Implications of General Relativity

abstract:
  The unification of gravity to the other forces has been a major problem for
most of the last century. I use a modification to Newtonian gravitation to
extract the strong and weak nuclear coupling constants. Some of the possible
implications of this are discussed, including the feasibility of quantum
gravity theories and a probe into the nature of light.


title: The Einstein-Hopf model within the realm of stochastic electrodynamics

abstract:
  The fundamental Einstein-Hopf work that convinced the most part of
physicists, since it had appeared, to take quantum ideas seriously, is
reanalysed in this paper. We have studied the genesis of the work and have
found the conclusion made by Einstein and Hopf not so unambiguous. There may
exist classical, not quantum interpretations of the result. T. H. Boyer
proposed one of those in 1969. Unfortunately, his derivation contains a
loophole in its argument. We propose here a new classical derivation of
Planck's radiation law, with the Einstein-Hopf model being used.


title: Linearisation of optical effects at low light levels

abstract:
  As a light beam is produced by an amplification of modes of the zero point
field in its source, this field cannot be distinguished; consequently a
nonlinear optical effect is a function of the total field. However, we
generally prefer to use a conventional field which excludes the zero point
field; for a low conventional field, the total field may be developed to the
first order, so that the effect appears linear.
  This nearly trivial remark allows a correct computation of the signal of a
photocell used for photon counting and shows that the "impulsive stimulated
Raman scattering" (ISRS), a nonlinear, without threshold effect, which shifts
the frequencies, becomes linear at low light levels, so that the shifted
spectra are not distorted.


title: Microwave Background, Backgrounds Hierarchy - Polyphony of Universe

abstract:
  We discuss the structure, physical nature, dynamic genesis of clearly
detected diffuse backgrounds (radiations) in the Universe. From the point of
view of Wave Universe concept it is shown, that observed Backgrounds Hierarchy
(Polyphony of Universe) is close connected and causely determined by the sound
velocity Hierarchy of the physical medium, cosmic (polycomponent) plasma. The
well-known Microwave Background (Cosmic Background Radiation - CBR) corresponds
to the F[3] Background, that is characterized by the calculated sound velocity
C*[3]=11.483 km/s, by the calculated temperature T*[3]=2.9 grad.K and by
wavelength of the radiation intensity maximum lambda*[3]=1 mm.


title:
A data capture and production management tool for the assembly and
  construction of the CMS detectors

abstract:
  The CMS experiment will comprise several very large high resolution detectors
for physics. Each detector may be constructed of well over a million parts and
will be produced and assembled during the next decade by specialised centres
distributed world-wide. Each constituent part of each detector must be
accurately measured and tested locally prior to its ultimate assembly and
integration in the experimental area at CERN. The CRISTAL project (Concurrent
Repository and Information System for Tracking Assembly and production
Lifecycles) [1] aims to monitor and control the quality of the production and
assembly process to aid in optimising the performance of the physics detectors
and to reject unacceptable constituent parts as early as possible in the
construction lifecycle. During assembly CRISTAL will capture all the
information required for subsequent detector calibration. Distributed instances
of Object databases linked via CORBA [2] and with WWW/Java-based query
processing are the main technology aspects of CRISTAL.


title: On the small-scale statistics of Lagrangian turbulence

abstract:
  We provide evidence that the small-scale statistics of the acceleration of a
test particle in high-Reynolds number Lagrangian turbulence is correctly
described by Tsallis statistics with entropic index q=3/2. We present
theoretical arguments why Tsallis statistics can naturally arise in Lagrangian
turbulence and why at the smallest scales q=3/2 is relevant. A generalized
Heisenberg-Yaglom formula is derived from the nonextensive model.


title:
Observation of dc voltage on segments of an inhomogeneous
  superconducting loop

abstract:
  In order to verify a possibility of a dc voltage predicted on segments of an
inhomogeneous superconducting loop the Little-Parks oscillations are
investigated on symmetrical and asymmetric Al loops. The amplitude of the
voltage oscillations $\Delta V$ measured on segments of symmetrical loop
increases with the measuring current $I_{m}$ and $\Delta V = 0$ at $I_{m}= 0$
in accordance with the classical Little-Parks experiment. Whereas the $\Delta
V$ measured on segments of asymmetric loop has a maximum value at $I_{m}= 0$.
The observation of the dc voltage at $I_{m}= 0$ means that one of the loop
segments is a dc power source and others is a load. The dc power can be induced
by both thermal fluctuation and a external electric noise.


title: Fully ab initio atomization energy of benzene via W2 theory

abstract:
  The total atomization energy at absolute zero, (TAE$_0$) of benzene,
C$_6$H$_6$, was computed fully {\em ab initio} by means of W2h theory as 1306.6
kcal/mol, to be compared with the experimentally derived value 1305.7+/-0.7
kcal/mol. The computed result includes contributions from inner-shell
correlation (7.1 kcal/mol), scalar relativistic effects (-1.0 kcal/mol), atomic
spin-orbit splitting (-0.5 kcal/mol), and the anharmonic zero-point vibrational
energy (62.1 kcal/mol). The largest-scale calculations involved are
CCSD/cc-pV5Z and CCSD(T)/cc-pVQZ; basis set extrapolations account for 6.3
kcal/mol of the final result. Performance of more approximate methods has been
analyzed. Our results suggest that, even for systems the size of benzene,
chemically accurate molecular atomization energies can be obtained from fully
first-principles calculations, without resorting to corrections or parameters
derived from experiment.


title:
Relaxation dynamics in the presence of unequally spaced attractors along
  the reaction coordinate

abstract:
  We show how reaction coordinate path lengths affect the relaxation efficiency
of a complex system. To this purpose, we consider the metric contributions to
the transition rates. These metric contributions preserve informations about
the geometry change of the system at the barrier crossing and, therefore, are
directly related to the path lengths. The output of the present work can lead
to identify a way to enrich our knowledge about the ability of the complex
systems to relax only to preferential structures.


title: On the Doublet Formation in the Flocculation Process of the Yeast Cells

abstract:
  The combination of single cells to form doublets is regarded as the
rate-limiting step of flocculation and requires the presence of surface
proteins in active form. The process of activation of the flocculation proteins
of yeast cells is described in the frame of the autocrine interaction regime
(Cantrell, D. A. and Smith, K. A., 1984, Science 224, 1312-1316). The influence
of several effectors (the cell efficiency to use sugars, the calcium content in
the external medium and the probability that free cells collide each other
under thermal motion conditions) on the initial rate of flocculation and on the
fraction of remaining free cells in the steady state is briefly discussed in
the paper. The present model offers an useful tool for further quantitative
investigations in this topic. Also, it indicates qualitatively a way in which
the regulation of flocculation might be controlled at the level of the
expression of cell-surface activation abilities.
  Keywords: flocculation; yeast; autocrine binding; lectin hypothesis


title: Photon number variance in isolated cavities

abstract:
  We consider a strictly isolated single-mode optical cavity resonating at
angular frequency omega containing atoms whose one-electron level energies are
supposed to be: hbar*omega, 2*hbar*omega,...B*hbar\omega, and m photons. If
initially the atoms are in their highest energy state and m=0, we find that at
equilibrium: variance(m)/mean(m)=(B+1)/6, indicating that the internal field
statistics is sub-Poissonian if the number of atomic levels B does not exceed
4. Remarkably, this result does not depend on the number of atoms, nor on the
number of electrons that each atom incorporates. Our result has application to
the statistics of the light emitted by pulsed lasers and nuclear magnetic
resonance. On the mathematical side, the result is based on the restricted
partitions of integers.


title: The cyclic universe

abstract:
  The cyclic universe model is a modification of the ekpyrotic universe and the
pyrotechnic universe models. The cyclic universe goes through the six
transitions: the triplet universe, the inflation, the big bang, the
quintessence, the big crush, and the deflation transitions. The universe starts
with eleven dimensional space-time with two boundary 9-branes separated by a
finite gap spanning an intervening bulk volume. The triplet transition starts
when the bulk 9-brane is generated from the hidden boundary 9-brane, and
collides with the pre-observable 9-brane. The collision starts the inflation
transition. The collision is the brane dimensional interference mixing between
the pre-observable 9-brane and the bulk 9-brane. The results are the mixed
branes (combined brane dimensions), the internal space (cancelled brane
dimensions), the bulk space, 3-brane vacuum, and cosmic radiation. Cosmic
radiation generated during the inflation leads to the big bang. Meanwhile, the
hidden brane undergoes stepwise fractionalization, changing in stepwise manner
from 9-brane to 3-brane. The observable universe expands in a constant rate
until the quintessence transition. Afterward, there are the big crush
transition (the reverse of the big bang) and the deflation (the reverse of the
inflation). The cosmic cycle of the fractionalization and condensation starts
over again. The masses of all elementary particles and hadrons can be
calculated.


title: Observation of absorptive photon switching by quantum interference

abstract:
  We report an experimental demonstration of photon switching by quantum
interference in a four-level atomic system proposed by Harris and Yamamoto
(Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 3611 (1998)). Quantum interference inhibits single-photon
absorption but enhances third-order, two-photon type absorption in the
four-level system. We have observed greatly enhanced nonlinear absorption in
the four-level system realized with cold 87Rb atoms and demonstrated fast
switching of the nonlinear absorption with a pulsed pump laser.


title: Quantum string field psychophysics of nastroenie

abstract:
  Some conceptual aspects of the quantum string field psychophysics are
clarified.


title:
Mechanism of antifreeze proteins action, based on Hierarchic theory of
  water and new ''clusterphilic'' interaction

abstract:
  A basically new Hierarchic theory, general for solids and liquids
(Kaivarainen, 2001, 2000, 1995, 1992), has been briefly described and
illustrated by computer simulations on examples of water and ice. Full
description of theory and its numerous applications are presented in series of
articles at the arXiv of Los-Alamos (see http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0102086).
New clusterphilic interactions, intermediate between hydrophilic and
hydrphobic, are introduced. They can be subdivided into: intramolecular - when
water cluster is localized in the ''open'' states of big interdomain or
intersubunit cavities and intermolecular clusterphilic interactions.
Intermolecular clusterphilic interactions can be induced by very different
macromolecules. The latter displays themselves in bordering of water cluster by
macromolecules and forming so-called ''clustrons''. Clusterphilic interactions
can play an important role in self-organization of biosystems, especially
multiglobular allosteric enzymes, microtubules and the actin filaments. The
selected review of literature, devoted to antifreeze proteins (AFP) and
ice-nucleation proteins (INP) interaction with water is presented.
Corresponding experimental results were analyzed on the base of Hierarchic
theory. The possible mechanism of cryoproteins influence on water, changing its
freezing point has been proposed. The consequences of new model of AFP action
and ways of its experimental verification are described also.


title: Unification By Induction

abstract:
  We show that the problem of unifying electromagnetism with gravity has an
elegant solution in classical physics through the phenomenon of induction. By
studying the way that induction leads to the formation of electromagnetic
fields, we identify the classical field equations which the unified field must
satisfy and a corresponding set of constitutive equations for the medium
sustaining the field. The unification problem is then reduced to the problem of
finding the exact form of these constitutive equations for different media by
experiments.


title: Doppler cooling and trapping on forbidden transitions

abstract:
  Ultracold atoms at temperatures close to the recoil limit have been achieved
by extending Doppler cooling to forbidden transitions. A cloud of ^40Ca atoms
has been cooled and trapped to a temperature as low as 6 \mu K by operating a
magneto-optical trap on the spin-forbidden intercombination transition.
Quenching the long-lived excited state with an additional laser enhanced the
scattering rate by a factor of 15, while a high selectivity in velocity was
preserved. With this method more than 10% of pre-cooled atoms from a standard
magneto-optical trap have been transferred to the ultracold trap. Monte-Carlo
simulations of the cooling process are in good agreement with the experiments.


title:
Doppler-Induced Dynamics of Fields in Fabry-Perot Cavities with
  Suspended Mirrors

abstract:
  The Doppler effect in Fabry-Perot cavities with suspended mirrors is
analyzed. Intrinsically small, the Doppler shift accumulates in the cavity and
becomes comparable to or greater than the line-width of the cavity if its
finesse is high or its length is large. As a result, damped oscillations of the
cavity field occur when one of the mirrors passes a resonance position. A
formula for this transient is derived. It is shown that the frequency of the
oscillations is equal to the accumulated Doppler shift and the relaxation time
of the oscillations is equal to the storage time of the cavity. Comparison of
the predicted and the measured Doppler shift is discussed, and application of
the analytical solution for measurement of the mirror velocity is described.


title:
Diffraction on a polycrystal for investigations and diagnostics of X-ray
  radiation of relativistic particles in a forward direction

abstract:
  It is shown that the diffraction on a polycrystal can be used for
investigation and diagnostics of X-ray radiation emitted in a forward direction
by relativistic charged particles moving in crystalline or other targets or
fields. Methods for measuring radiation spectral density, divergence, and
linear polarization at any requisite energy from a few units to tens of keV are
proposed. The explanation for the origination of experimentally observed and
earlier unidentified spectral peaks as a result of Bragg diffraction on a
polycrystal is described. The experiment for verification of the explanation is
suggested.


title: Dynamics of a two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate beyond mean-field theory

abstract:
  We study the dynamics of a two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate in the vicinity
of a mean-field dynamical instability. Convergence to mean-field theory (MFT),
with increasing total number of particles $N$, is shown to be logarithmically
slow. Using a density matrix formalism rather than the conventional
wavefunction methods, we derive an improved set of equations of motion for the
mean-field plus the fluctuations, which goes beyond MFT and provides accurate
predictions for the leading quantum corrections and the quantum break time. We
show that the leading quantum corrections appear as decoherence of the reduced
single-particle quantum state; we also compare this phenomenon to the effects
of thermal noise. Using the rapid dephasing near an instability, we propose a
method for the direct measurement of scattering lengths.


title:
On the proximity relation between two surface-melted clusters involved
  in inter-cluster mass-transfer

abstract:
  We explore the way free particles produced by dissociating ``particle-hole
pairs'' on a surface-melted cluster can be transferred to a second, nearby
surface-melted cluster. This mass transport is based on an inter-cluster direct
transfer mechanism of the particles. We found that in this particular case one
cluster may grow at the expense of another, obeying a temporal power law with
the exponent 1/2 for the average radius R = const t^{1/2}. The change from the
expected universal power law R = const t^{1/3} is a consequence of the
proximity relation between these two clusters which lead to enhance the
effective transport rates.


title: Hyperspherical Adiabatic Formalism of the Boltzmann Third Virial

abstract:
  First, we show that, if there are no bound states, we can express the q.m.
third cluster - involving 3 and fewer particles in Statistical Mechanics - as a
formula involving adiabatic eigenphase shifts. This is for Boltzmann
statistics.
  From this q.m. formulation, in the case of purely repulsive forces, we
recover, as h goes to 0, the classical expressions for the cluster.
  We then discuss difficulties which arise in the presence of 2-body bound
states and present a tentative formula involving eigenphase shifts and the 2
and 3 body bound state energies. We emphasize that important difficulties have
not been resolved.


title: Theory of laser catalysis with pulses

abstract:
  The possibility of accelerating molecular reactions by lasers has attracted
considerable theoretical and experimental interest. A particular example of
laser-modified reaction dynamics is laser catalysis, a process in which the
tunneling through a potential barrier is enhanced by transient excitation to a
bound electronic state. We have performed detailed calculations of pulsed laser
catalysis on one- and two-dimensional potentials, as a function of the
reactants' collision energy and the laser's central frequency. In agreement
with previous CW results, the reactive lineshapes are Fano-type curves,
resulting from interference between nonradiative tunneling and the optically
assisted pathway. In contrast to the CW process, the power requirements of
pulsed laser catalysis are well within the reach of commonly used pulsed laser
sources, making an experimental realization possible. The laser catalysis
scenario is shown to be equivalent in the ``dressed'' state picture, to
resonant tunneling through a double-barrier potential, admitting perfect
transmission when the incident energy matches a quasibound state of the well
within the barriers. Possible applications for atom optics, solid-state
devices, and scanning tunneling microscopy, are discussed.


title: Potential Harmonic Calculations of Helium Triplet States

abstract:
  The hyperspherical harmonics (HH) provide a complete basis for the expansion
of atomic wave functions, but even for two particles the number of harmonics
for a given order is not trivial and, as the number of electrons increases,
this degeneracy becomes absolutely prohibitive. We modify the method by
selecting a subset of the basis that, we feel, will yield the physically most
important part of the wave function, and test the idea on simple systems.
  In a previous work (with M. Haftel) of the singlet ground and first excited
states of the helium atom we found that the error in the binding energy of the
ground state was of the order of 1 part in 10,000 and that it decreased for the
first excited state.
  We now have applied our method to the equivalent triplet states. We report on
this work, and our results, and hope to draw attention to the interesting
accuracy that we obtain with the relatively simple wave functions of our
formulation.


title:
Classical electrodynamics with vacuum polarization: electron self-energy
  and radiation reaction

abstract:
  The region very close to an electron ($r << r_0 = e^2/mc^2 \approx 2.8\times
10^{-13}$ cm) is, according to quantum electrodynamics, a seething maelstrom of
virtual electron-positron pairs flashing in and out of existence. To take
account of this well-established physical reality, a phenomenological
representation for vacuum polarization is introduced into the framework of
classical electrodynamics. Such a model enables a consistent picture of
classical point charges with finite electromagnetic self-energy. It is further
conjectured that the reaction of a point charge to its own electromagnetic
field is tantamount to interaction with its vacuum polarization charge or
"aura". This leads to a modification of the Lorentz-Dirac equation for the
force on an accelerating electron, a new differential-difference equation which
avoids the pathologies of preacceleration and runaway solutions.


title:
Photoabsorption Spectra of Na_n+ clusters: Thermal Line-Broadening
  Mechanisms

abstract:
  Photoabsorption cross sections of small sodium cluster cations (Na$_n^+$,
n=3,5,7 and 9) were calculated at various temperatures with the time-dependent
local-density-approximation (TDLDA) in conjunction with ab initio molecular
dynamics simulations, yielding spectra that agree with measured ones without
ad-hoc line broadening or renormalization. Three thermal line-broadening
mechanisms are revealed: (I) lifting of level degeneracies caused by
symmetry-breaking ionic motions, (II) oscillatory shifts of the entire spectrum
caused by breathing vibrations, and (III) cluster structural isomerizations.


title:
A Further Note on a Formal Relationship Between the Arithmetic of
  Homaloidal Nets and the Dimensions of Transfinite Space-Time

abstract:
  A sequence of integers generated by the number of conjugated pairs of
homaloidal nets of plane algebraic curves of even order is found to provide an
>exact< integer-valued match for El Naschie's primordial set of fractal
dimensions characterizing transfinite heterotic string space-time.


title: The strong coupling constant

abstract:
  In this paper we fix our attention, on hadron structure, and show that also
the strong interaction strength alpha_S, ordinarily called the "(perturbative)
coupling--constant square}", can be evaluated within our theory, and found to
decrease (increase) as the "distance" r decreases (increases). This yields both
the confinement of the hadron constituents, and their asymptotic freedom: in
qualitative agreement with the experimental evidence. In other terms, our
approach leads us, on a purely theoretical ground, to a dependence of alpha_S
on r which had been previously found only on phenomenological and heuristic
grounds. We expect the above agreement to be also quantitative, on the basis of
a few checks performed in this work.


title: A Component Based Approach to Scientific Workflow Management

abstract:
  CRISTAL is a distributed scientific workflow system used in the manufacturing
and production phases of HEP experiment construction at CERN. The CRISTAL
project has studied the use of a description driven approach, using meta-
modelling techniques, to manage the evolving needs of a large physics
community. Interest from such diverse communities as bio-informatics and
manufacturing has motivated the CRISTAL team to re-engineer the system to
customize functionality according to end user requirements but maximize
software reuse in the process. The next generation CRISTAL vision is to build a
generic component architecture from which a complete software product line can
be generated according to the particular needs of the target enterprise. This
paper discusses the issues of adopting a component product line based approach
and our experiences of software reuse.


title: Addition Laws in Introductory Physics

abstract:
  We propose a unified approach to addition of some physical quantities (among
which resistors and capacitors are the most well-known) that are usually
encountered in introductory physics such that the formulae required to solve
problems are always simply additive. This approach has the advantage of being
consistent with the intuition of students. To demonstrate the effectiveness of
our approach, we propose and solve several problems. We hope that this article
can serve as a resource paper for problems on the subject.


title: Object Serialization and Deserialization Using XML

abstract:
  Interoperability of potentially heterogeneous databases has been an ongoing
research issue for a number of years in the database community. With the trend
towards globalization of data location and data access and the consequent
requirement for the coexistence of new data stores with legacy systems, the
cooperation and data interchange between data repositories has become
increasingly important. The emergence of the eXtensible Markup Language (XML)
as a database independent representation for data offers a suitable mechanism
for transporting data between repositories. This paper describes a research
activity within a group at CERN (called CMS) towards identifying and
implementing database serialization and deserialization methods that can be
used to replicate or migrate objects across the network between CERN and
worldwide centres using XML to serialize the contents of multiple objects
resident in object-oriented databases.


title: The Reification of Patterns in the Design of Description-Driven Systems

abstract:
  To address the issues of reusability and evolvability in designing self-
describing systems, this paper proposes a pattern-based, object-oriented,
description-driven system architecture. The proposed architecture embodies four
pillars - first, the adoption of a multi-layered meta-modeling architecture and
reflective meta-level architecture, second, the identification of four data
modeling relationships that must be made explicit such that they can be
examined and modified dynamically, third, the identification of five design
patterns which have emerged from practice and have proved essential in
providing reusable building blocks for data management, and fourth, the
encoding of the structural properties of the five design patterns by means of
one pattern, the Graph pattern. The CRISTAL research project served as the
basis onto which the pattern-based meta-object approach has been applied. The
proposed architecture allows the realization of reusability and adaptability,
and is fundamental in the specification of self-describing data management
components.


title: Ultracold collisions of oxygen molecules

abstract:
  Collision cross sections and rate constants between two ground- state oxygen
molecules are investigated theoretically at translational energies below $\sim
1$K and in zero magnetic field. We present calculations for elastic and spin-
changing inelastic collision rates for different isotopic combinations of
oxygen atoms as a prelude to understanding their collisional stability in
ultracold magnetic traps. A numerical analysis has been made in the framework
of a rigid- rotor model that accounts fully for the singlet, triplet, and
quintet potential energy surfaces in this system. The results offer insights
into the effectiveness of evaporative cooling and the properties of molecular
Bose- Einstein condensates, as well as estimates of collisional lifetimes in
magnetic traps. Specifically, $^{17}O_{2}$ looks like a good candidate for
ultracold studies, while $^{16}O_{2}$ is unlikely to survive evaporative
cooling. Since $^{17}O_{2}$ is representative of a wide class of molecules that
are paramagnetic in their ground state we conclude that many molecules can be
successfully magnetically trapped at ultralow temperatures.


title: On the physical nature of the fluorescence depletion effect

abstract:
  The physical nature of the fluorescence depletion (FD) effect and the
possible way of its experimental study are discussed.


title:
Effect of Thermal Fluctuations in the Resonance Fluorescence of a
  Three-Level System

abstract:
  The effect of thermal fluctuations in the resonance fluorescence of a
three-level system is studied. The damped three-level system is driven by two
strong incident classical fields near resonances frequencies. The simulation of
a thermal bath is obtained with a large system of harmonic oscillators that
represent the normal modes of the thermal radiation field. The time evolution
of the fluorescent light intensities are obtained solving by a iterative method
the Heisenberg equations of motion in the integral form. The results show that
the time development of the intensity of the fluorescence light is strongly
affected by the interaction of the system with the thermal bath.


title: Sensitive Absolute Gravity Gradiometry Using Atom Interferometry

abstract:
  We report the demonstration of a sensitive absolute gravity gradiometer based
on light-pulse atom interference techniques. The gradiometer consists of two
absolute accelerometers operated in a differential mode. We report a
differential acceleration sensitivity of 4e-9 g/Hz^(1/2) and an inferred
differential acceleration accuracy of less than 1e-9 g. This corresponds to a
gravity gradient sensitivity of 4 E/Hz^(1/2) [1 E = 1e-9 s^(-2)] and an
accuracy of better than 1 E for a 10 m separation between accelerometers. We
demonstrate that the instrument can be used to detect nearby masses in a
vibrationally noisy environment and characterize instrument sensitivity to
spurious acceleration and rotation noise.


title:
Fresnel filtering in lasing emission from scarred modes of wave-chaotic
  optical resonators

abstract:
  We study lasing emission from asymmetric resonant cavity (ARC) GaN
micro-lasers. By comparing far-field intensity patterns with images of the
micro-laser we find that the lasing modes are concentrated on three-bounce
unstable periodic ray orbits, i.e. the modes are scarred. The high-intensity
emission directions of these scarred modes are completely different from those
predicted by applying Snell's law to the ray orbit. This effect is due to the
process of ``Fresnel filtering'' which occurs when a beam of finite angular
spread is incident at the critical angle for total internal reflection.


title: Parity non-conservation in thallium

abstract:
  We report a new calculation of the parity non-conserving E1 amplitude for the
6p_{1/2} -> 6p_{3/2} transition in Tl. Our result for the reduced matrix
element is $E1_{PNC}=-(66.7 \pm 1.7) i 10^{-11} (-Q_W/N)$ a.u. Comparison with
the experiment of Vetter et al [PRL,{\bf 74},2658 (1995)] gives the following
result for the weak charge of $^{205}$Tl: $Q_W/Q_W^{SM} = 0.97 (\pm
0.01)_{expt} (\pm 0.03)_{theor}$, where $Q_W^{SM}=-116.7$ is the standard model
prediction. This result confirms an earlier conclusion based on the analysis of
a Cs experiment that atomic PNC experiments are in agreement with the standard
model.


title: Optical absorption in a Bose gas

abstract:
  We here develop a theory on optical absorption in a dilute Bose gas at low
temperatures. This theory is motivated by the Bogoliubov theory of elementary
excitations for this system, and takes into account explicitly the modification
of the nature and dispersion of elementary excitations due to Bose-Einstein
condensation. Our results show important differences from existing theories.


title:
Accelerated Recombination due to Resonant Deexcitation of Metastable
  States

abstract:
  In a recombining plasma the metastable states are known to accumulate
population thereby slowing down the recombination process. We show that an
account of the doubly-excited autoionizing states, formed due to collisional
recombination of metastable ions, results in a significant acceleration of
recombination. A fully time-dependent collisional-radiative (CR) modeling for
stripped ions of carbon recombining in a cold dense plasma demonstrates an
order of magnitude faster recombination of He-like ions. The CR model used in
calculations is discussed in detail.


title: Microwave-induced control of Free Electron Laser radiation

abstract:
  The dynamical response of a relativistic bunch of electrons injected in a
planar magnetic undulator and interacting with a counterpropagating
electromagnetic wave is studied. We demonstrate a resonance condition for which
the free electron laser (FEL) dynamics is strongly influenced by the presence
of the external field. It opens up the possibility of control of short
wavelength FEL emission characteristics by changing the parameters of the
microwave field without requiring change in the undulator's geometry or
configuration. Numerical examples, assuming realistic parameter values
analogous to those of the TTF-FEL, currently under development at DESY, are
given for possible control of the amplitude or the polarization of the emitted
radiation.


title:
Beyond the Physics of Logic: Aspects of Transcendental Materialism or
  URAM in a Modern View

abstract:
  It has been shown at other occasions that recent results of modern physics
can be used to shed some more light onto the foundations of the world, provided
the actual task of philosophy is being re-interpreted in terms of a theory
which is following up the results of science rather than laying the grounds for
the latter, contrary to what the original intention of Aristotelian "prima
philo- sophia" would imply. As it turns out, the interpretation of the main
results of present research dealing with aspects of quantum information theory
and quantum gravity, respectively, as well as with self-organized criticality,
suffices to re-construct a large class of phenomena not only within the field
of physics proper, but also within chemistry, biology, and even the social
sciences. We show that questions of ultimate reality and meaning can only be
answered within a framework of speculative philosophy which is rooted though in
what sceptic philosophy is able to derive from scientific results.


title:
The Nature is Simple in Essence - Blueprint for Unification of Gravity
  and Electromagnetism

abstract:
  The Temporal Fluctuation Model proposed in present paper represents an
attempt for a unitary vision for gravity, inertia and electromagnetism. We
obtain the main results of General Relativity and Electromagnetism and the
theory, until now, don't contain self-contradictions. As well, we obtain the
"unified potential" which has terms that coupling gravitation with
electromagnetism and who could be the basis for future technological
applications.


title:
The Distant Possibility of Using a High-Luminosity Muon Source to
  Measure the Mass of the Neutrino Independent of Flavor Oscillations

abstract:
  Short-baseline calculations reveal that if the neutrino were massive, it
would show a beautifully structured difference spectrum; however, this spectrum
seems beyond current experimental reach.
  An interval-timing paradigm would not seem feasible in a short-baseline
experiment; however, interval timing on an Earth-Moon long baseline experiment
might be able to improve current upper limits on the neutrino mass.


title: Remarks on Bessel beams, signals and superluminality

abstract:
  We address the question about the velocity of signals carried by Bessel beams
wave packets propagating in vacuum and having well defined wavefronts in time.
We find that this problem is analogous to that of propagation of usual plane
wave packets within dispersive media and conclude that the signal velocity can
not be superluminal.


title:
Unified description of magic numbers of metal clusters in terms of the
  3-dimensional q-deformed harmonic oscillator

abstract:
  Magic numbers predicted by a 3-dimensional q-deformed harmonic oscillator
with Uq(3)>SOq(3) symmetry are compared to experimental data for atomic
clusters of alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs), noble metals (Cu, Ag, Au),
divalent metals (Zn, Cd), and trivalent metals (Al, In), as well as to
theoretical predictions of jellium models, Woods-Saxon and wine bottle
potentials, and to the classification scheme using the 3n+l pseudo quantum
number. In alkali metal clusters and noble metal clusters the 3-dimensional
q-deformed harmonic oscillator correctly predicts all experimentally observed
magic numbers up to 1500 (which is the expected limit of validity for theories
based on the filling of electronic shells), while in addition it gives
satisfactory results for the magic numbers of clusters of divalent metals and
trivalent metals, thus indicating that Uq(3), which is a nonlinear extension of
the U(3) symmetry of the spherical (3-dimensional isotropic) harmonic
oscillator, is a good candidate for being the symmetry of systems of several
metal clusters. The Taylor expansions of angular momentum dependent potentials
approximately producing the same spectrum as the 3-dimensional q-deformed
harmonic oscillator are found to be similar to the Taylor expansions of the
symmetrized Woods-Saxon and wine-bottle symmetrized Woods-Saxon potentials,
which are known to provide successful fits of the Ekardt potentials.

categories: physics.atm-clus math-ph math.MP quant-ph


title: Performance of a large limited streamer tube cell in drift mode

abstract:
  The performance of a large (3x3 $cm^2$) streamer tube cell in drift mode is
shown. The detector space resolution has been studied using cosmic muons
crossing an high precision silicon telescope. The experimental results are
compared with a GARFIELD simulation.


title:
Dynamic Model for LES Without Test Filtering: Quantifying the Accuracy
  of Taylor Series Approximations

abstract:
  The dynamic model for large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent flows requires
test filtering the resolved velocity fields in order to determine model
coefficients. However, test filtering is costly to perform in large-eddy
simulation of complex geometry flows, especially on unstructured grids. The
objective of this work is to develop and test an approximate but less costly
dynamic procedure which does not require test filtering. The proposed method is
based on Taylor series expansions of the resolved velocity fields. Accuracy is
governed by the derivative schemes used in the calculation and the number of
terms considered in the approximation to the test filtering operator. The
expansion is developed up to fourth order, and results are tested a priori
based on direct numerical simulation data of forced isotropic turbulence in the
context of the dynamic Smagorinsky model. The tests compare the dynamic
Smagorinsky coefficient obtained from filtering with those obtained from
application of the Taylor series expansion. They show that the expansion up to
second order provides a reasonable approximation to the true dynamic
coefficient (with errors on the order of about 5 % for c_s^2), but that
including higher-order terms does not necessarily lead to improvements in the
results due to inherent limitations in accurately evaluating high-order
derivatives. A posteriori tests using the Taylor series approximation in LES of
forced isotropic turbulence and channel flow confirm that the Taylor series
approximation yields accurate results for the dynamic coefficient. Moreover,
the simulations are stable and yield accurate resolved velocity statistics.


title: Erosive radially-slotted discharge in sheet current mode

abstract:
  New non-stationary non-contracted form of the erosive radially-slotted
discharge as a thin round sheet with the current of the azimuth direction have
been discovered, its existence beings stipulated by a radial transport-wave
fluxes. Characteristic features of this discharge is self-confinement of the
discharge current magnitude, corresponding decrease of the current pulse
duration and occurrence of an energy and substance ejection with rather unusual
properties. Measurements of kinetics of the discharge current, the plasma
radiation intensity and an electrical probe signal, as well as the transmission
electron microscope investigations of characteristic aerodisperse aggregates
arising the erosive phase, have been carried out. The probe signal duration was
about 10 times greater than that of the current; its kinetics was complicated
suggesting existence in the slot of two components with fundamentally different
properties and states of the substance.