title:
"Waterspout" as a result of the Ocean's Skeletal Structures and a
  Special Type of Atmospheric Aerosol Dusty Plasma

abstract:
  An analysis of databases of photographic images of ocean's surface, taken
from various altitudes and for various types of rough ocean surface, revealed
the presence of an ocean's skeletal structures (OSS). We make a stress on the
phenomenon of OSS's blocks in the form of vertically oriented floating
cylinders (VFC) because here we suggest the hypothesis that the VFC is a
stimulator of initial phase of the "waterspout" phenomenon (WS). An analysis of
the fine structure of VFC suggests the OSS to be a carrier/source of major
electrodynamical properties of initial phase of every WS. This implies that the
main body of WS may be interpreted as a special type of atmospheric aerosol
dusty plasma. In such a framework, the WS is considered as the long-lived
filament, being formed in electric discharge in the presence of electric and
magnetic fields in the course of electric breakdown between the cloud and ocean
surface. In this case the charged water aerosol (formed by means of VFC's
capillaries in the presence of very powerful electric field) may be an analog
of a microdust which is lifting upward to the cloud due to effects of
electrostatic forces. With such a capillary-electrostatic model of WS, it
appears possible to interpret many effects related to WS. We suggest a
hypothesis for dynamics of WS and a possible scenario of its transition to
classical tornado.


title: Real-time TPC Analysis with the ALICE High-Level Trigger

abstract:
  The ALICE High-Level Trigger processes data online, to either select
interesting (sub-) events, or to compress data efficiently by modeling
techniques.
  Focusing on the main data source, the Time Projection Chamber, the
architecure of the system and the current state of the tracking and compression
methods are outlined.


title:
Levi-Civita Effect in the polarizable vacuum (PV) representation of
  general relativity

abstract:
  The polarizable vacuum (PV) representation of general relativity (GR),
derived from a model by Dicke and related to the "TH-epsilon-mu" formalism used
in comparative studies of gravitational theories, provides for a compact
derivation of the Levi-Civita Effect (both magnetic and electric), herein
demonstrated.


title: Development of an ASD IC for the Micro Pixel Chamber

abstract:
  A new amplifier-shaper-discriminator (ASD) chip was designed and manufactured
for the Micro Pixel Chamber ($\mu$-PIC). The design of this ASD IC is based on
the ASD IC (TGC-ASD) for the Thin Gap Chamber in the LHC Atlas Experiment. The
decay time constant of the preamplifier is 5-times longer than that of the
TGC-ASD, and some other modifications have been made in order to improve the
signal-to-noise ratio of the $\mu$-PIC. The ASD IC uses SONY Analog Master
Slice bipolar technology. The IC contains 4 channels in a QFP48 package. The
decay time constant of the preamplifier is 80 ns and its gain is approximately
0.8 V/pC. The output from the preamplifier is received by a shaper
(main-amplifier) with a gain of 7. A baseline restoration circuit is
incorporated in the main-amplifier, and the current used for the baseline
restoration is 5-times smaller than that of the TGC-ASD. The threshold voltage
for the discriminator section is common to the 4 channels and their digital
output level is LVDS-compatible. The ASD IC also has an analog output of the
preamplifier. The equivalent noise charge at the input capacitance of 50 pF is
around 2000 electrons. The power dissipation with LVDS outputs (100 $\Omega$
load) is 57 mW/ch. Using this ASD, the analog output voltage from the signal of
the $\mu$-PIC is about 2-times higher than the case of using the TGC-ASD.As a
consequence, the MIPs tracking performance of the Time Projection Chamber (TPC)
with the $\mu$-PIC was improved.The performance of the ASD IC and an improved
tracking performance of the TPC are reported.


title: Cryogenic avalanche detectors based on gas electron multipliers

abstract:
  We study the performances of gaseous and two-phase (liquid-gas) cryogenic
detectors of ionizing radiation based on gas electron multipliers (GEMs) and
operated in an avalanche mode in pure noble gases. The gas amplification in He,
Ar and Kr is systematically studied at low temperatures, using triple-GEM
multipliers. High gains, exceeding 10^4, were obtained in these gases in the
range of 120-300 K. Stable electron avalanching was demonstrated in a saturated
Kr vapor in the two-phase mode. These results are relevant for understanding
basic mechanisms of electron avalanching at low temperatures and for
applications in cryogenic particle detectors, in particular in dark matter and
solar neutrino detectors.


title:
A new technique to generate 100 GW-level attosecond X-ray pulses from
  the X-ray SASE FELs

abstract:
  We propose a scheme for generation of single 100 GW 300-as pulse in the X-ray
free electron laser with the use of a few cycles optical pulse from Ti:sapphire
laser system. Femtosecond optical pulse interacts with the electron beam in the
two-period undulator resonant to 800 nm wavelength and produces energy
modulation within a slice of the electron bunch. Following the energy modulator
the electron beam enters the first part of the baseline gap-adjustable X-ray
undulator and produces SASE radiation with 100 MW-level power. Due to energy
modulation the frequency is correlated to the longitudinal position within the
few-cycle-driven slice of the SASE radiation pulse. The largest frequency
offset corresponds to a single-spike pulse in the time domain which is confined
to one half-oscillation period near the central peak electron energy. After the
first undulator the electron beam is guided through a magnetic delay which we
use to position the X-ray spike with the largest frequency offset at the
"fresh" part of the electron bunch. After the chicane the electron beam and the
radiation produced in the first undulator enter the second undulator which is
resonant with the offset frequency. In the second undulator the seed radiation
at reference frequency plays no role, and only a single (300 as duration) spike
grows rapidly. The final part of the undulator is a tapered section allowing to
achieve maximum output power 100-150 GW in 0.15 nm wavelength range. Attosecond
X-ray pulse is naturally synchronized with its fs optical pulse which reveals
unique perspective for pump-probe experiments with sub-femtosecond resolution.


title: Relativistic approach to electromagnetic imaging

abstract:
  A novel imaging principle based on the interaction of electromagnetic waves
with a beam of relativistic electrons is proposed. Wave-particle interaction is
assumed to take place in a small spatial domain, so that each electron is only
briefly accelerated by the incident field. In the one-dimensional case the
spatial distribution of the source density can be directly observed in the
temporal spectrum of the scattered field. Whereas, in the two-dimensional case
the relation between the source and the spectrum is shown to be approximately
the Radon transform.


title:
Experimental test of the probability density function of true value of
  Poisson distribution parameter by single observation of number of events

abstract:
  The empirical probability density function for the conditional distribution
of the true value of Poisson distribution parameter on one measurement is
constructed by computer experiment. The analysis of the obtained distributions
confirms that these distributions are gamma-distributions.


title:
Improved efficiency of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in
  photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein condensate

abstract:
  We theoretically examine Raman photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein
condensate, revisiting stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). Due to
collisional mean-field shifts, efficient molecular conversion requires strong
coupling and low density, either of which can bring about rogue
photodissociation to noncondensate modes. We demonstrate explicitly that rogue
transitions are negligible for low excited-state fractions and
photodissociation that is slower than the STIRAP timescale. Moreover, we derive
a reduced-parameter model of collisions, and thereby find that a gain in the
molecular conversion efficiency can be obtained by adjusting the atom-atom
scattering length with off-resonant magnetoassociation. This gain saturates
when the atom-atom scattering length is tuned to a specific fraction of either
the molecule-molecule or atom-molecule scattering length. We conclude that a
fully-optimized STIRAP scheme may offer the best chance for achieving coherent
conversion from an atomic to a molecular condensate with photoassociation.

categories: physics.atom-ph cond-mat.soft cond-mat.stat-mech physics.chem-ph


title: Variational Estimates using a Discrete Variable Representation

abstract:
  The advantage of using a Discrete Variable Representation (DVR) is that the
Hamiltonian of two interacting particles can be constructed in a very simple
form. However the DVR Hamiltonian is approximate and, as a consequence, the
results cannot be considered as variational ones. We will show that the
variational character of the results can be restored by performing a reduced
number of integrals.
  In practice, for a variational description of the lowest n bound states only
n(n+1)/2 integrals are necessary whereas D(D+1)/2 integrals are enough for the
scattering states (D is the dimension of the S matrix). Applications of the
method to the study of dimers of He, Ne and Ar, for both bound and scattering
states, are presented.


title: Aspects of Relativistic Sum Rules

abstract:
  The status of our understanding of relativistic sum rules is reviewed. The
recent development of new theoretical methods for the evaluation of these sum
rules offers hope for further advances in this challenging field. These new
techniques are described, along with a discussion of the source of difficulties
inherent in such relativistic calculations. A connection is pointed out between
certain sum rules for atomic interactions with charged particles and those for
interactions with photons.


title:
Calculation of the elastic scattering properties in an ultra-cold
  Fermi-Bose and Bose-Bose Rb-K vapor

abstract:
  The calculation of the elastic scattering properties of mixtures composed by
rubidium and potassium atoms is reported and compared with experimental results
in detail. The improved potentials for both molecular states the singlet and
the triplet of the RbK are presented, and the scattering lengths a_{t} and the
effective range r_{e} are calculated with the help of this potential using WKB
and Numerov methods for Rb-K in the triplet and singlet state. In addition, the
convergence of these scattering properties as the depending on a K_{0}
parameter is investigated using Quantum Defect Theory. The evaporative cooling
other results that include the cross section and the spin-charge cross section,
the rate coefficient as a function of the energy and the ultra-low temperature
are also presented in this study.


title:
On an Observer-Related Unequivalence Between Spatial Dimensions of a
  Generic Cremonian Universe

abstract:
  Given a generic Cremonian space-time, its three spatial dimensions are shown
to exhibit an intriguing, "two-plus-one" partition with respect to standard
observers. Such observers are found to form three distinct, disjoint groups
based on which one out of the three dimensions stands away from the other two.
These two subject-related properties have, to our knowledge, no analogue in any
of the existing physical theories of space-time.


title:
New statistic for financial return distributions: power-law or
  exponential?

abstract:
  We introduce a new statistical tool (the TP-statistic and TE-statistic)
designed specifically to compare the behavior of the sample tail of
distributions with power-law and exponential tails as a function of the lower
threshold u. One important property of these statistics is that they converge
to zero for power laws or for exponentials correspondingly, regardless of the
value of the exponent or of the form parameter. This is particularly useful for
testing the structure of a distribution (power law or not, exponential or not)
independently of the possibility of quantifying the values of the parameters.
We apply these statistics to the distribution of returns of one century of
daily data for the Dow Jones Industrial Average and over one year of 5-minutes
data of the Nasdaq Composite index. Our analysis confirms previous works
showing the tendency for the tails to resemble more and more a power law for
the highest quantiles but we can detect clear deviations that suggest that the
structure of the tails of the distributions of returns is more complex than
usually assumed; it is clearly more complex that just a power law.


title:
On the Relationship of Quantum Mechanics to Classical Electromagnetism
  and Classical Relativistic Mechanics

abstract:
  Some connections between quantum mechanics and classical physics are
explored. The Planck-Einstein and De Broglie relations, the wavefunction and
its probabilistic interpretation, the Canonical Commutation Relations and the
Maxwell--Lorentz Equation may be understood in a simple way by comparing
classical electromagnetism and the photonic description of light provided by
classical relativistic kinematics. The method used may be described as `inverse
correspondence' since quantum phenomena become apparent on considering the low
photon number density limit of classical electromagnetism. Generalisation to
massive particles leads to the Klein--Gordon and Schr\"{o}dinger Equations. The
difference between the quantum wavefunction of the photon and a classical
electromagnetic wave is discussed in some detail.


title: Repeated dynamic quantization

abstract:
  In conventional quantum mechanics the quantum particle is a special object,
whose properties are described by special concepts and quantum principles. The
quantization is a special procedure, which is accompanied by introduction of
special concepts, and this procedure cannot be repeated. In the model
conception of quantum phenomena (MCQP) the quantum particle is a partial case
of a stochastic particle, and the quantum dynamics is a special case of the
stochastic particle dynamics. In MCQP the quantization is a dynamical
procedure, where a special quantum term is added to the Lagrangian of the
statistical ensemble of (classical) particles. This procedure can be repeated
many times, because it is not accompanied by introduction of new concepts. It
is very convenient from the formal viewpoint, because the set of dynamic
quantizations forms a one-parameter group, which allows one to separate the
dynamical and statistical (stochastic) properties.


title:
Particle beams guided by electromagnetic vortices: New solutions of the
  Lorentz, Schr\"odinger, Klein-Gordon, and Dirac equations

abstract:
  It is shown that electromagnetic vortices can act as beam guides for charged
particles. The confinement in the transverse directions is due to the rotation
of the electric and magnetic fields around the vortex line. Large class of
exact solutions describing various types of relativistic beams formed by an
electromagnetic wave with a simple vortex line is found both in the classical
and in the quantum case. In the second case, the motion in the transverse
direction is fully quantized. Particle trajectories trapped by a vortex are
very similar to those in a helical undulator.


title:
Design and construction of new central and forward muon counters for CDF
  II

abstract:
  New scintillation counters have been designed and constructed for the CDF
upgrade in order to complete the muon coverage of the central CDF detector, and
to extend this coverage to larger pseudorapidity. A novel light collection
technique using wavelength shifting fibers, together with high quality
polystyrene-based scintillator resulted in compact counters with good and
stable light collection efficiency over lengths extending up to 320 cm. Their
design and construction is described and results of their initial performance
are reported.


title: Limits on Universality in Ultracold Three-Boson Recombination

abstract:
  The recombination rate for three identical bosons has been calculated to test
the limits of its universal behavior. It has been obtained for several
different collision energies and scattering lengths (a) up to 10^5 a.u., giving
rates that vary over 15 orders of magnitude. We find that universal behavior is
limited to the threshold region characterized by E lesssim
hbar^2/(2mu_{12}a^2), where E is the total energy and mu_{12} is the two-body
reduced mass. The analytically predicted infinite series of resonance peaks and
interference minima is truncated to no more than three of each for typical
experimental parameters.


title:
Robust autoresonant excitation in the plasma beat-wave accelerator: a
  theoretical study

abstract:
  A modified version of the Plasma Beat-Wave Accelerator scheme is introduced
and analyzed, which is based on autoresonant phase-locking of the nonlinear
Langmuir wave to the slowly chirped beat frequency of the driving lasers via
adiabatic passage through resonance. This new scheme is designed to overcome
some of the well-known limitations of previous approaches, namely relativistic
detuning and nonlinear modulation or other non-uniformity or non-stationarity
in the driven Langmuir wave amplitude, and sensitivity to frequency mismatch
due to measurement uncertainties and density fluctuations and inhomogeneities.


title:
Channeling of Positrons through Periodically Bent Crystals: on
  Feasibility of Crystalline Undulator and Gamma-Laser

abstract:
  The electromagnetic radiation generated by ultra-relativistic positrons
channelling in a crystalline undulator is discussed. The crystalline undulator
is a crystal whose planes are bent periodically with the amplitude much larger
than the interplanar spacing. Various conditions and criteria to be fulfilled
for the crystalline undulator operation are established. Different methods of
the crystal bending are described. We present the results of numeric
calculations of spectral distributions of the spontaneous radiation emitted in
the crystalline undulator and discuss the possibility to create the stimulated
emission in such a system in analogy with the free electron laser. A careful
literature survey covering the formulation of all essential ideas in this field
is given. Our investigation shows that the proposed mechanism provides an
efficient source for high energy photons, which is worth to study
experimentally.


title: Man-made climate change:Facts and fiction

abstract:
  Important issues about climate change are summarized and discussed:
  A large body of evidence shows that the world climate is getting warmer.
Climate models give a consistent explanation of this observation once
human-made emissions of greenhouse gases are taken into account. Furthermore,
the main source of greenhouse gases comes from the burning of oil, gas and
coal, mainly in the industrialized countries. Without any change of behaviour,
the possible predicted consequences of this climate change for the coming
decades are very disturbing. Today's (in)action's will have long-term
consequences for the entire biosphere and the living conditions of many future
generations.
  The combination of the various points related to the climate change leads to
a final question: "For how long will Humanity continue to bury its head in the
sand?"


title: Creativity and the New Structure of Science

abstract:
  A qualitatively new, much more liberal and efficient organisation of science
is proposed and justified, in connection with growing debate about further role
and development of fundamental science. Although the key ideas can be explained
with the help of "common sense" arguments accessible to a "general" audience,
they are based on the rigorous analysis within the recently advanced "universal
concept of complexity" (physics/9806002, physics/0211071), which can be
applied, due to its universality, also to science structure itself considered
as a complex system. We demonstrate thus the application of the ultimate
criterion of completeness of a system of knowledge (and viability of related
intelligence) that should be able to derive consistent, provable, and
practically relevant conclusions about its own purpose, sense, evolution, and
current state.


title:
Strain-induced kinetics of intergrain defects as the mechanism of slow
  dynamics in the nonlinear resonant response of humid sandstone bars

abstract:
  A closed-form description is proposed to explain nonlinear and slow dynamics
effects exhibited by sandstone bars in longitudinal resonance experiments.
Along with the fast subsystem of longitudinal nonlinear displacements we
examine the strain-dependent slow subsystem of broken intergrain and
interlamina cohesive bonds. We show that even the simplest but
phenomenologically correct modelling of their mutual feedback elucidates the
main experimental findings typical for forced longitudinal oscillations of
sandstone bars, namely, (i) hysteretic behavior of a resonance curve on both
its up- and down-slopes, (ii) linear softening of resonant frequency with
increase of driving level, and (iii) gradual recovery (increase) of resonant
frequency at low dynamical strains after the sample was conditioned by high
strains. In order to reproduce the highly nonlinear elastic features of
sandstone grained structure a realistic non-perturbative form of strain
potential energy was adopted. In our theory slow dynamics associated with the
experimentally observed memory of peak strain history is attributed to
strain-induced kinetic changes in concentration of ruptured inter-grain and
inter-lamina cohesive bonds causing a net hysteretic effect on the elastic
Young's modulus. Finally, we explain how enhancement of hysteretic phenomena
originates from an increase in equilibrium concentration of ruptured cohesive
bonds that are due to water saturation.


title: Asymmetric Uncertainties: Sources, Treatment and Potential Dangers

abstract:
  The issue of asymmetric uncertainties resulting from fits, nonlinear
propagation and systematic effects is reviewed. It is shown that, in all cases,
whenever a published result is given with asymmetric uncertainties, the value
of the physical quantity of interest is biased with respect to what would be
obtained using at best all experimental and theoretical information that
contribute to evaluate the combined uncertainty. The probabilistic solution to
the problem is provided both in exact and in approximated forms.


title:
The development of gaseous detectors with solid photocathodes for low
  temperature

abstract:
  There are several applications and fundamental research areas which require
the detection of VUV light at cryogenic temperatures. For these applications we
have developed and successfully tested special designs of gaseous detectors
with solid photocathodes able to operate at low temperatures: sealed gaseous
detectors with MgF2 windows and windowless detectors. We have experimentally
demonstrated, that both primary and secondary (due to the avalanche
multiplication inside liquids) scintillation lights could be recorded by
photosensitive gaseous detectors. The results of this work may allow one to
significantly improve the operation of some noble liquid gas TPCs.


title: Minkowski space-time: a glorious non-entity

abstract:
  Einstein distinguished between ``principle'' and ``constructive'' theories in
physics, and although he thought the latter were more explanatory than the
former, he regarded his 1905 formulation of special relativity theory as a
principle theory. Some have claimed that Minkowski space-time can serve as the
deep structure within a constructive reformulation of special relativity. We
criticise this claim, and argue that a satisfactory constructive version of
special relativity must involve a dynamical treatment of the forces holding
together the constitutive parts of moving rods and clocks.


title: What is a Question?

abstract:
  A given question can be defined in terms of the set of statements or
assertions that answer it. Application of logical inference to these sets of
assertions allows one to derive the logic of inquiry among questions. There are
interesting symmetries between the logics of inference and inquiry; where
probability describes the degree to which a premise implies an assertion, there
exists an analogous measure that describes the bearing or relevance that a
question has on an outstanding issue. These have been extended to suggest that
the logic of inquiry results in functional relationships analogous to, although
more general than, those found in information theory.
  Employing lattice theory, I examine in greater detail the structure of the
space of assertions and questions demonstrating that the symmetries between the
logical relations in each of the spaces derive directly from the lattice
structure. Furthermore, I show that while symmetries between the spaces exist,
the two lattices are not isomorphic. The lattice of assertions is described by
a Boolean lattice 2^N, whereas the lattice of assuredly real questions is shown
to be a sublattice of the free distributive lattice 2^(2^N). Thus there does
not exist a one-to-one mapping of assertions to questions, there is no
reflection symmetry between the two spaces, and questions in general do not
possess complements. Last, with these lattice structures in mind, I discuss the
relationship between probability, relevance, and entropy.


title: 3He Lung Imaging in an Open Access, Very-Low-Field Human MRI System

abstract:
  The human lung and its functions are extremely sensitive to gravity, however
the conventional high-field magnets used for most laser-polarized 3He MRI of
the human lung restrict subjects to lying horizontally. Imaging of human lungs
using inhaled laser-polarized 3He gas is demonstrated in an open-access
very-low-magnetic-field (< 5 mT) MRI instrument. This prototype device employs
a simple, low-cost electromagnet, with an open geometry that allows variation
of the orientation of the imaging subject in a two-dimensional plane. As a
demonstration, two-dimensional lung images were acquired with 4 mm in-plane
resolution from a subject in two orientations: lying supine, and sitting in a
vertical position with one arm raised. Experience with this prototype device
will guide optimization of a second-generation very-low-field imager to enable
studies of human pulmonary physiology as a function of subject orientation.


title: SPEDEN: Reconstructing single particles from their diffraction patterns

abstract:
  Speden is a computer program that reconstructs the electron density of single
particles from their x-ray diffraction patterns, using a single-particle
adaptation of the Holographic Method in crystallography. (Szoke, A., Szoke, H.,
and Somoza, J.R., 1997. Acta Cryst. A53, 291-313.) The method, like its parent,
is unique that it does not rely on ``back'' transformation from the diffraction
pattern into real space and on interpolation within measured data. It is
designed to deal successfully with sparse, irregular, incomplete and noisy
data. It is also designed to use prior information for ensuring sensible
results and for reliable convergence. This article describes the theoretical
basis for the reconstruction algorithm, its implementation and quantitative
results of tests on synthetic and experimentally obtained data. The program
could be used for determining the structure of radiation tolerant samples and,
eventually, of large biological molecular structures without the need for
crystallization.


title: Wrong "idees fixes" in GR

abstract: Six wrong idees fixes concerning the black holes and the gravitational waves.


title:
Single-ensemble nonequilibrium path-sampling estimates of free energy
  differences

abstract:
  We introduce a straightforward, single-ensemble, path sampling approach to
calculate free energy differences based on Jarzynski's relation. For a
two-dimensional ``toy'' test system, the new (minimally optimized) method
performs roughly one hundred times faster than either optimized ``traditional''
Jarzynski calculations or conventional thermodynamic integration. The
simplicity of the underlying formalism suggests the approach will find broad
applicability in molecular systems.


title:
On the Real and Apparent Positions of Moving Objects in Special
  Relativity: The Rockets-and-String and Pole-and-Barn Paradoxes Revisited and
  a New Paradox

abstract:
  The distinction between the real positions of moving objects in a single
reference frame and the apparent positions of objects at rest in one inertial
frame and viewed from another, as predicted by the space-time Lorentz
Transformations, is discussed. It is found that in the Rockets-and-String
paradox the string remains unstressed and does not break and that the pole in
the Barn-and-Pole paradox never actually fits into the barn. The close
relationship of the Lorentz-Fitzgerald Contraction and the relativity of
simultaneity of Special Relativity is pointed out and an associated paradox, in
which causality is apparently violated, is noted.


title:
A simplified model of the source channel of the Leksell GammaKnife
  tested with PENELOPE

abstract:
  Monte Carlo simulations using the code PENELOPE have been performed to test a
simplified model of the source channel geometry of the Leksell
GammaKnife$^{\circledR}$. The characteristics of the radiation passing through
the treatment helmets are analysed in detail. We have found that only primary
particles emitted from the source with polar angles smaller than 3$^{\rm o}$
with respect to the beam axis are relevant for the dosimetry of the Gamma
Knife. The photons trajectories reaching the output helmet collimators at
$(x,y,z=236 {\rm mm})$, show strong correlations between $\rho=(x^2+y^2)^{1/2}$
and their polar angle $\theta$, on one side, and between $\tan^{-1}(y/x)$ and
their azimuthal angle $\phi$, on the other. This enables us to propose a
simplified model which treats the full source channel as a mathematical
collimator. This simplified model produces doses in excellent agreement with
those found for the full geometry. In the region of maximal dose, the relative
differences between both calculations are within 3%, for the 18 and 14 mm
helmets, and 10%, for the 8 and 4 mm ones. Besides, the simplified model
permits a strong reduction (larger than a factor 15) in the computational time.


title:
A mapping approach to synchronization in the "Zajfman trap". II: the
  observed bunch

abstract:
  We extend a recently introduced mapping model, which explains the bunching
phenomenon in an ion beam resonator for two ions [Geyer, Tannor, J. Phys. B 37
(2004) 73], to describe the dynamics of the whole ion bunch. We calculate the
time delay of the ions from a model of the bunch geometry and find that the
bunch takes on a spherical form at the turning points in the electrostatic
mirrors. From this condition we derive how the observed bunch length depends on
the experimental parameters. We give an interpretation of the criteria for the
existence of the bunch, which were derived from the experimental observations
by Pedersen et al [Pedersen etal, Phys. Rev. A 65 042704].


title:
Can a quantum nondemolition measurement improve the sensitivity of an
  atomic magnetometer?

abstract:
  Noise properties of an idealized atomic magnetometer that utilizes spin
squeezing induced by a continuous quantum nondemolition measurement are
considered. Such a magnetometer measures spin precession of $N$ atomic spins by
detecting optical rotation of far-detuned light. Fundamental noise sources
include the quantum projection noise and the photon shot-noise. For measurement
times much shorter than the spin-relaxation time observed in the absence of
light ($\tau_{\rm rel}$) divided by $\sqrt{N}$, the optimal sensitivity of the
magnetometer scales as $N^{-3/4}$, so an advantage over the usual sensitivity
scaling as $N^{-1/2}$ can be achieved. However, at longer measurement times,
the optimized sensitivity scales as $N^{-1/2}$, as for a usual shot-noise
limited magnetometer. If strongly squeezed probe light is used, the Heisenberg
uncertainty limit may, in principle, be reached for very short measurement
times. However, if the measurement time exceeds $\tau_{\rm rel}/N$, the
$N^{-1/2}$ scaling is again restored.


title:
Conductivity and Viscosity Measurements for Binary Lysozyme Chloride
  Aqueous Solution and Ternary Lysozyme-Salt-Water Solution

abstract:
  We use the conductimetric method, adequate to electrolytes, to determine the
lysozyme charge in lys-water and ternary lys-salt-water systems. We measured
also the viscosities for the above binary and ternary systems in the same
conditions at pH$=4.5$ and T$=298$ K, measurements that allow us to see any
effect of viscosity on cations mobilities and implicitly on the lysozyme
charge. The method is illustrated for the lysozyme chloride aqueous solution
system at 25$^o$ C, using the data reported here for pH$=4.5$ at 0.15, 0.6,
0.8, 1., 1.5, 2., 2.5, 3., 3.5 mM (mg/mL) lysozyme chloride concentrations. The
method was also applied to ternary lys-salt-water systems in the same
conditions at pH$=4.5$ and T$=25^o$ C. Ternary conductivities are reported for
a mean concentration 0.6 mM of lysozyme chloride in all systems and a mean
concentration 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.175, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.2, 1.3 and
1.4 M for NaCl; 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.175, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.2, 1.3,
1.4 and 1.5 M for KCl; 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.175, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 1.2, 1.3,
1.4, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.7 M for NH$_4$Cl.


title:
Measurements of Multicomponent Diffusion Coefficients for Lysozyme
  Chloride in Water and Aqueous Na$_2$SO$_4$

abstract:
  This paper presents a diffusion experimental study for ternary
lysozyme-Na$_2$SO$_4$-water system, from moderate precipitant concentrations
into the supersaturated region and provides a complete set of four diffusion
coefficients. These data are important in order to provide accurate models of
protein diffusion with applications in growth of protein crystals for X-ray
diffraction studies. All three-component mutual-diffusion experiments reported
here were performed by Rayleigh interferometry at pH$=4.5$, T$=25^o$ C and at a
mean lysozyme concentration (average of top and bottom solution concentrations)
of 0.6 mM (8.6 mg/mL). Four experiments, with different combinations of protein
and Na$_2$SO$_4$ concentration differences, were performed at each of five mean
Na$_2$SO$_4$ concentrations (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.65 and 0.8 M), for a total of 20
experiments. In addition, we have measured dynamic light-scattering diffusion
coefficients of the ternary system lysozyme chloride-Na$_2$SO$_4$-water.


title:
Extraction of Thermodynamic Data from Ternary Diffusion Coefficients of
  Lysozyme Chloride in Water and Aqueous Na$_2$SO$_4$

abstract:
  This paper presents, for ternary lysozyme-Na$_2$SO$_4$-water system, the
thermodynamic data extracted from the measured values of four ternary diffusion
coefficients and the Onsager reciprocal relations. The calculation for
derivatives of solute chemical potentials with respect to solute molar
concentrations was made using the method presented in \cite{1}. This method is
applicable to systems in which the molar concentration of one solute is very
small compared to that of the other, like in our case. The approach is
illustrated for the lysozyme chloride-Na$_2$SO$_4$-water system at 25$^o$ C, pH
4.5 and at 0.6 mM (8.6 mg/mL) lysozyme chloride and 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.65, and
0.8 M Na$_2$SO$_4$ concentrations. The calculated solute chemical potential
derivatives were used to compute the protein cation charge approximately. We
also compute the diffusion Onsager coefficients $(L_{ij})_o$ for each
composition at pH 4.5.


title:
Taming the rugged landscape: production, reordering, and stabilization
  of selected cluster inherent structures in the X_(13-n)Y_n system

abstract:
  We present studies of the potential energy landscape of selected binary
Lennard-Jones thirteen atom clusters. The effect of adding selected impurity
atoms to a homogeneous cluster is explored. We analyze the energy landscapes of
the studied systems using disconnectivity graphs. The required inherent
structures and transition states for the construction of disconnectivity graphs
are found by combination of conjugate gradient and eigenvector-following
methods. We show that it is possible to controllably induce new structures as
well as reorder and stabilize existing structures that are characteristic of
higher-lying minima. Moreover, it is shown that the selected structures can
have experimentally relevant lifetimes.


title:
Entanglement and inequality of forward and reversed processes as a
  physical base of nonlinear phenomena in optics

abstract:
  Connection between the concept of entanglement and origin of nonlinear
phenomena in optics is discussed.

categories: physics.optics hep-ph nlin.PS physics.gen-ph quant-ph


title: Asymmetric vortex solitons in nonlinear periodic lattices

abstract:
  We reveal the existence of asymmetric vortex solitons in ideally symmetric
periodic lattices, and show how such nonlinear localized structures describing
elementary circular flows can be analyzed systematically using the
energy-balance relations. We present the examples of rhomboid, rectangular, and
triangular vortex solitons on a square lattice, and also describe novel
coherent states where the populations of clockwise and anti-clockwise vortex
modes change periodically due to a nonlinearity-induced momentum exchange
through the lattice. Asymmetric vortex solitons are expected to exist in
different nonlinear lattice systems including optically-induced photonic
lattices, nonlinear photonic crystals, and Bose-Einstein condensates in optical
lattices.


title:
Lagrangean description of nonlinear dust--ion acoustic waves in dusty
  plasmas

abstract:
  An analytical model is presented for the description of nonlinear
dust-ion-acoustic waves propagating in an unmagnetized, collisionless, three
component plasma composed of electrons, ions and inertial dust grains. The
formulation relies on a Lagrangean approach of the plasma fluid model. The
modulational stability of the wave amplitude is investigated. Different types
of localized envelope electrostatic excitations are shown to exist.


title:
Relativistic Quasilinear Diffusion in Axisymmetric Magnetic Geometry for
  Arbitrary-Frequency Electromagnetic Fluctuations

abstract:
  A relativistic bounce-averaged quasilinear diffusion equation is derived to
describe stochastic particle transport associated with arbitrary-frequency
electromagnetic fluctuations in a nonuniform magnetized plasma. Expressions for
the elements of a relativistic quasilinear diffusion tensor are calculated
explicitly for magnetically-trapped particle distributions in axisymmetric
magnetic geometry in terms of gyro-drift-bounce wave-particle resonances. The
resonances can destroy any one of the three invariants of the unperturbed
guiding-center Hamiltonian dynamics.


title:
Comment on Why is the DNA Transition First Order? and Griffiths
  Singularities in Unbinding of Strongly Disordered Polymers

abstract:
  The papers [1,2] consider unbinding of a disordered heteropolymer. They find
the first order phase transition [1] when disorder is strong (i.e. the ratio v
of the binding energies is large; in DNA v is~1.1) and the Griffiths
singularity, i.e. infinite order transition, otherwise [2]. The problem is
important, since many physical phenomena map onto the same model (see refs. in
[1, 2]). Drastic non-universality in the strength of disorder is unanticipated.
Unfortunately, both titles are misleading: they claim the results which are
proven for homopolymers only.


title:
Influence of the Lower Hybrid Drift Instability on the onset of Magnetic
  Reconnection

abstract:
  Two-dimensional and three-dimensional kinetic simulation results reveal the
importance of the Lower-Hybrid Drift Instability LHDI to the onset of magnetic
reconnection. Both explicit and implicit kinetic simulations show that the LHDI
heats electrons anisotropically and increases the peak current density. Linear
theory predicts these modifications can increase the growth rate of the tearing
instability by almost two orders of magnitude and shift the fastest growing
modes to significantly shorter wavelengths. These predictions are confirmed by
nonlinear kinetic simulations in which the growth and coalescence of small
scale magnetic islands leads to a rapid onset of large scale reconnection.


title: Study of capillary-based gaseous detectors

abstract:
  We have studied gain vs. voltage characteristics and position resolutions of
multistep capillary plates (two or three capillary plates operating in a
cascade), as well as capillary plates operating in a mode when the main
amplification occurs between plates or between the capillary plate and the
readout plate (parallel plate amplification mode). Results of these studies
demonstrated that in the parallel-plate amplification mode one can reach both
high gains (>100000) and good position resolutions (~100 micro meter) even with
a single step arrangement. It offers a compact amplification structure, which
can be used in many applications. For example, in preliminary tests we
succeeded to combine it with a photocathode and use it as a position sensitive
gaseous photomultiplier. CsI coated capillary plates could also be used as a
high position resolution and high rate X-ray converter.


title: Fifty Years of Yang-Mills Theory and my Contribution to it

abstract:
  On the fiftieth anniversary of Yang-Mills theory, I review the contribution
to its understanding by my collaborators and me. Contents: 1.Gauge Theories and
Quantum Anomalies; 2.Mathematical Connections; 3. Gauge Field Dynamics other
than Yang-Mills; 4. Gauge Formalism for General Relativity Variables; A.
Christoffel connection as a gauge potential, B. Gravitational Chern-Simons term
from gauge theory Chern-Simons term, C. Coordinate transformations in general
relativity and gauge theory, (i) Response to changes in coordinates (ii)
Invariant fields and constants of motion. References.


title: Long range beam-beam interactions in PEP-II

abstract:
  The PEP-II luminosity upgrade foreseen for the next years requires an
increased number of bunches and lower beta-y* with minor modifications to the
present Interaction Region (IR2). When increasing the collision frequency the
beams separation in IR2 can be an issue. A study of the effect of the parasitic
crossings for both the head-on and horizontal crossing angle options is
presented.


title: Sub-wavelength imaging with a left-handed material flat lens

abstract:
  We study numerically, by means of the pseudospectral time-domain method, the
unique features of imaging by a flat lens made of a left-handed metamaterial
that possesses the property of negative refraction. We confirm the earlier
finding that a left-handed flat lens can provide near-perfect imaging of a
point source and a pair of point sources with clear evidence of the
sub-wavelength resolution. We illustrate the limitation of the resolution in
the time-integrated image due to the presence of surface waves.


title: The Duel: Strings versus Loops

abstract:
  Physicists in search of the foundation of the world: how tiny objects can
create matter, energy and even space and time - and possibly countless other
universes. -- This article is meant as an introduction into quantum geometry
(loop quantum gravity) and string theory, written for the general audience.
Partly, this article is also a conference report and review, based on the
"Strings Meet Loops" conference at the Max-Planck-Institute for Gravitational
Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Golm/Germany, in October 2003. --
Keywords: quantum geometry, loop quantum gravity, string theory, string
cosmology, spin networks, spin foams, anthropic principle, theory of
everything, Abhay Ashtekar, Martin Bojowald, Michael Douglas, Jerzy
Lewandowski, Hermann Nicolai, Robert Oeckl, Fernando Quevedo, Carlo Rovelli,
Amitabha Sen, Lee Smolin, Leonard Susskind.


title: Quantum Theory of Generation of Coherent X-Ray in a Wiggler

abstract:
  In this paper we present the nonlinear quantum theory of X-Ray FEL in a
wiggler. We present the solution of the Dirac equation in a space periodic
strong magnetic field, which describes the quantum dynamics of a single
electron in a wiggler. With the help of obtained wave function of an electron
the self-consistent set of the Maxwell and relativistic quantum kinetic
equations is obtained. Then, the process of coherent X-ray radiation generation
in nonlinear quantum regime, when the photon energy is larger than resonance
widths due to energetic/angular spreads of an electron beam and resonance width
caused by finite interaction length, is investigated.


title: Many-body theory of positron-atom interactions

abstract:
  A many-body theory approach is developed for the problem of positron-atom
scattering and annihilation. Strong electron-positron correlations are included
non-perturbatively through the calculation of the electron-positron vertex
function. It corresponds to the sum of an infinite series of ladder diagrams,
and describes the physical effect of virtual positronium formation. The vertex
function is used to calculate the positron-atom correlation potential and
nonlocal corrections to the electron-positron annihilation vertex. Numerically,
we make use of B-spline basis sets, which ensures rapid convergence of the sums
over intermediate states. We have also devised an extrapolation procedure that
allows one to achieve convergence with respect to the number of
intermediate-state orbital angular momenta included in the calculations. As a
test, the present formalism is applied to positron scattering and annihilation
on hydrogen, where it is exact. Our results agree with those of accurate
variational calculations. We also examine in detail the properties of the large
correlation corrections to the annihilation vertex.


title: From "Not Wrong" to (Maybe) Right

abstract:
  This is a short, light spirited account of how some possibly important
science actually happened. It very much conflicts with Popper's contention that
the key to scientific progress is falsification.


title:
Effect of dt\mu quasi-nucleus structure on energy levels of the
  (dt\mu)Xee exotic molecule

abstract:
  Precise energies of rovibrational states of the exotic hydrogen-like molecule
$(dt\mu)Xee$ are of importance for $dt\mu$ resonant formation, which is a key
process in the muon-catalyzed fusion cycle. The effect of the internal
structure and motion of the $dt\mu$ quasi-nucleus on energy levels is studied
using the three-body description of the $(dt\mu)Xee$ molecule based on the
hierarchy of scales and corresponding energies of its constituent subsystems.
For a number of rovibrational states of $(dt\mu)dee$ and $(dt\mu)tee$, the
shifts and splittings of energy levels are calculated in the second order of
the perturbation theory.


title: Preliminary Considerations for the Design of the Interaction Region

abstract:
  The design of an Interaction Region (IR) suitable to reach low values of the
beta functions at the Interaction Point (IP) and a high collision frequency is
a rather difficult task in a short ring as DAPHNE, where an upgrade of the peak
luminosity to 10^34 cm-2s-1 is aimed [1]. In the following, general
considerations on the design of such an IR are presented, together with a
preliminary design; the final design will however be the result of a joint
collaboration between accelerator and detector physicists.


title:
Experimental observation of optical vortex evolution in a Gaussian beam
  with an embedded fractional phase step

abstract:
  We detect the vortex evolution from the increase of the fractional phase step
by interfering two beams of opposite but equal fractional step increment.The
interference pattern generated shows evidence of the birth of an additional
single extra charge as the fractional phase step increase extends above a
half-integer value


abstract:
  A model for the condensation of a dusty plasma is constructed by considering
the spherical shielding layers surrounding a dust grain test particle. The
collisionless region less than a collision mean free path from the test
particle is shown to separate into three concentric layers, each having
distinct physics. The method of matched asymptotic expansions is invoked at the
interfaces between these layers and provides equations which determine the
radii of the interfaces. Despite being much smaller than the Wigner-Seitz
radius, the dust Debye length is found to be physically significant because it
gives the scale length of a precipitous cut-off of the shielded electrostatic
potential at the interface between the second and third layers. Condensation is
predicted to occur when the ratio of this cut-off radius to the Wigner-Seitz
radius exceeds unity and this prediction is shown to be in good agreement with
experiments.


title:
Detrended fluctuation analysis of daily temperature records: Geographic
  dependence over Australia

abstract:
  Daily temperature anomaly records are analyzed (61 for Australia, 18 for
Hungary) by means of detrended fluctuation analysis. Positive long range
asymptotic correlations extending up to 5-10 years are detected for each case.
Contrary to earlier claims, the correlation exponent is not universal for
continental stations. Interestingly, the dominant factor is geographic latitude
over Australia: the general tendency is a decrease of correlation exponent with
increasing distance from the equator. This tendency is in a complete agreement
with the results found by Tsonis et al. (1999) for 500-hPa height anomalies in
the northern hemisphere. The variance of fluctuations exhibits an opposite
trend, the larger is the distance from the equator, the larger the amplitude of
intrinsic fluctuations. The presence of Tropospheric Biennial Oscillation is
clearly identified for three stations at the north-eastern edge of the
Australian continent.


title:
Inference of stochastic nonlinear oscillators with applications to
  physiological problems

abstract:
  A new method of inferencing of coupled stochastic nonlinear oscillators is
described. The technique does not require extensive global optimization,
provides optimal compensation for noise-induced errors and is robust in a broad
range of dynamical models. We illustrate the main ideas of the technique by
inferencing a model of five globally and locally coupled noisy oscillators.
Specific modifications of the technique for inferencing hidden degrees of
freedom of coupled nonlinear oscillators is discussed in the context of
physiological applications.


title: Sociophysics: a personal testimony

abstract:
  The origins of Sociophysics are discussed from a personal testimony. I trace
back its history to the late seventies. My twenty years of activities and
research to establish and promote the field are reviewed. In particular the
conflicting nature of Sociophysics with the physics community is revealed from
my own experience. Recent presentations of a supposed natural growth from
Social Sciences are criticized.


title: The "Yin-Yang Grid": An Overset Grid in Spherical Geometry

abstract:
  A new kind of overset grid, named Yin-Yang grid, for spherical geometry is
proposed. The Yin-Yang grid is composed of two identical component grids that
are combined in a complemental way to cover a spherical surface with partial
overlap on their boundaries. Each component grid is a low latitude part of the
latitude-longitude grid. Therefore the grid spacing is quasi-uniform and the
metric tensors are simple and analytically known. One can directly apply
mathematical and numerical resources that have been written in the spherical
polar coordinates or latitude-longitude grid. The complemental combination of
the two identical component grids enables us to make efficient and concise
programs. Simulation codes for geodynamo and mantle convection simulations
using finite difference scheme based on the Yin-Yang grid are developed and
tested. The Yin-Yang grid is suitable for massively parallel computers.


title: Hubble Energy

abstract:
  Light received from a cosmological source is redshifted with an apparent loss
of energy, a problem first pointed out by Edwin Hubble in 1936. A new type of
energy called Hubble Energy is introduced to restore the principle of energy
conservation. The energy has no inertial or gravitational effect but retards
radial motion in a manner consistent with the anomalous acceleration
experienced by the Pioneer probes leaving the solar system. The energy is
predicted to have important effects on the scale of galaxies, and some of these
effects are qualitatively examined: for example, with Hubble Energy, flat
rotation curves are found to be an inevitable consequence of spiral galaxy
formation. The Hubble Energy is incorporated into the Friedmann Equation and
shown to add a term similar to the cosmological term, with a magnitude of order
10^-35 s^-2.


title: Scaling theory of excitations in trapped fermionic condensates

abstract:
  Formulas are derived for the coupled quadrupolar and monopolar oscillations
of a fermion condensate trapped in a axially symmetric harmonic potential. We
consider two-component condensates with a large particle-particle scattering
length and in the limits of frequencies either small (adiabatic) or large
(diabatic) compared to the pairing gap. Using the method of coordinate scaling,
we reproduce Stringari's results for adiabatic excitations and present new
results for the diabatic limit. Unlike the adiabatic oscillations, the diabatic
ones show sensitivity to the interaction between particles.


title: Cold free radical molecules in the laboratory frame

abstract:
  A special class of molecules that are important to many subfields in
molecular dynamics and chemical physics, namely free radical molecules, now
enjoy a significant degree of center-of-mass motion control in the laboratory
frame. The example reported in this paper concerns hydroxyl radical (OH),
which, after the internal degrees of freedom are cooled in a supersonic
expansion, has been bunched, accelerated, and slowed using time-varying
inhomogeneous electric fields. In situ observations of laser-induced
fluorescence along the beam propagation path allows for detailed
characterization of the longitudinal phase-space manipulation of OH molecules
by the electric fields. The creation of a pulse containing 1e3 to 1e6 molecules
possessing a longitudinal velocity spread from 2 to 80 m/s around a mean
laboratory velocity variable from 550 m/s to rest with only a few mm spatial
extent represents an exciting and useful new experimental capability for
exploring free radical dynamics. This paper offers the most detailed study of
the Stark deceleration dynamics to date.


title:
The Space-Time Lorentz Transformation: Relativity of Simultaneity is
  Incompatible with Translational Invariance

abstract:
  Observations of the apparent times and positions of moving clocks as
predicted by both `non-local' and `local' Lorentz Transformations are
considered. Only local transformations respect translational invariance. Such
transformations change temporal but not spatial intervals, so breaking space
time exchange symmetry and forbidding relativity of simultaneity and length
contraction. A satellite cesium clock experiment to test these predictions is
proposed.


title: Observing nonlinear effects in vibrating strings

abstract:
  Nonlinear effects were observed in a forced vibrating string. The motion of
the string becomes elliptic as the amplitude of the vibration increases. The
fundamental resonance frequency depends on the amplitude of the vibration. At
sufficient high amplitudes the system exhibits hysterisis: the resonance
frequency is different when measured increasing the driving frequency or
decreasing it. The experimental results are well understood in the framework of
a 2-dimensional model assuming that the string tension is not constant due to
the varying length of the string throughout the oscillation.


title: Impurity and Trace Tritium Transport in Tokamak Edge Turbulence

abstract:
  The turbulent transport of impurity or minority species, as for example
Tritium, is investigated in drift-Alfv\'en edge turbulence. The full effects of
perpendicular and parallel convection are kept for the impurity species. The
impurity density develops a granular structure with steep gradients and locally
exceeds its initial values due to the compressibility of the flow. An
approximate decomposition of the impurity flux into a diffusive part and an
effective convective part (characterized by a pinch velocity) is performed and
a net inward pinch effect is recovered. The pinch velocity is explained in
terms of Turbulent Equipartition and is found to vary poloidally. The results
show that impurity transport modeling needs to be two-dimensional, considering
besides the radial direction also the strong poloidal variation in the
transport coefficients.


title: "An analysis of the classical Doppler Effect"[1] revisited

abstract:
  After having shown that the formula which describes the Doppler effect in the
general case holds only in the case of the "very high" frequency assumption, we
derive free of assumptions Doppler formulas for two scenarios presented in the
revisited paper.


title: A particle in the Bio-Savart-Laplace magnetic field: explicit solutions

abstract:
  We consider the Schr\"odinger operator ${\bf H}=(i\nabla+A)^2 $ in the space
$L_2({\mathbb R}^3)$ with a magnetic potential $A $ created by an infinite
straight current. We perform a spectral analysis of the operator ${\bf H}$
almost explicitly.
  In particular, we show that the operator ${\bf H}$ is absolutely continuous,
its spectrum has infinite multiplicity and coincides with the positive
half-axis. Then we find the large-time behavior of solutions $\exp(-i{\bf
H}t)f$ of the time dependent Schr\"odinger equation. Equations of classical
mechanics are also integrated. Our main observation is that both quantum and
classical particles have always a preferable (depending on its charge)
direction of propagation along the current and both of them are confined in the
plane orthogonal to the current.


title:
Low-loss photonic crystal fibers for transmission systems and their
  dispersion properties

abstract:
  We report on a single-mode photonic crystal fiber with attenuation and
effective area at 1550 nm of 0.48 dB/km and 130 square-micron, respectively.
This is, to our knowledge, the lowest loss reported for a PCF not made from VAD
prepared silica and at the same time the largest effective area for a low-loss
(< 1 dB/km) PCF. We briefly discuss the future applications of PCFs for data
transmission and show for the first time, both numerically and experimentally,
how the group velocity dispersion is related to the mode field diameter


title: Beam-gas Spectroscopy of Sextet Transitions in O3+, F4+ and Ne5+

abstract:
  We present VUV observations of transitions between doubly excited sextet
states in O3+, F4+ and Ne5+. Spectra were produced by collisions of an oxygen,
uorine and neon beam with a nitrogen gas jet target. Prepared beam-gas
experiment yields new and explicit information on doubly core-excited ions.
Some observed lines were assigned to the 1s2s2p3 6S-1s2p33s, 3d 6P
electric-dipole transitions in O3+, F4+ and Ne5+. Three lines have been
reassigned. Present data are the first explicit measurements on transitions
between sextet states in boronlike ions by beam-gas spectroscopy.


title:
Ab initio determination of the lifetime of the $6^2P_{3/2}$ state f or
  $^{207}Pb^+$ by relativistic many-body theory

abstract:
  Relativistic coupled-cluster(RCC) theory has been employed to calculate the
life time of the $6 ^2P_{3/2}$ state of single ionized lead($^{207}Pb$) to an
accurac y of 3% and compared with the corresponding value obtained using second
order r elativistic many-body perturbation theory(RMBPT). This is one of the
very few ap plications of this theory to excited state properties of heavy
atomic systems. C ontributions from the different electron correlation effects
are given explicitl y.


title:
Parametric perspective on highly excited states: case studies of CHBrClF
  and C2H2

abstract:
  Considerable insights can be obtained regarding the nature of highly excited
states by computing the eigenbasis expectation values of the resonance
operators associated with an effective spectroscopic Hamiltonian. The
expectation values are related to the parametric derivative of the eigenvalues
with respect to specific resonance strengths i.e., level velocities.Sensitivity
of the level velocities to the existence of closed orbits in the underlying
classical phase space provides for a dimensionality independent route to a
dynamical assignment of the states. In this letter, taking CHBrClF (polyad P=5)
and the [16,0]^{g+} bend polyad of C_{2}H_{2} as examples, we show that the
level velocities can signal the birth of new modes and highlight sequences of
localized eigenstates.


title: Study of the radiation hardness of CsI(Tl) scintillation crystals

abstract:
  This paper is devoted to the study of a degradation of CsI(Tl)crystals
scintillation characteristics under irradiation with gamma-quanta at the
uniformly distributed absorbed dose up to 3700 rad. The sample set consisted of
25 crystals of 30 cm long having a truncated pyramid shape and 30 rectangular
crystals of the same length. A large difference in the light output
deterioration caused by the radiation was observed for the samples of the same
shape. A substantial dependence of the average light output loss from the
sample shape is seen as well. On the other hand, the crystals from the same
ingot behave very similarly under irradiation.


title: The relationship of time and space

abstract:
  We show that, in addition to radiation travelling at the speed of light, QED
theory predicts a second type of radiation with an infinite velocity. We also
show that charge, as it appears in the Dirac equation, may have a triune
nature.


title: Diffraction effects on light-atomic ensemble quantum interface

abstract:
  We present a simple method to include the effects of diffraction into the
description of a light-atomic ensemble quantum interface in the context of
collective variables. Carrying out a scattering calculation we single out the
purely geometrical effect. We apply our method to the experimentally relevant
case of Gaussian shaped atomic samples stored in single beam optical dipole
traps and probed by a Gaussian beam. We derive analytical scaling relations for
the effect of the interaction geometry and compare our findings to results from
1-dimensional models of light propagation.


title: Near-sighted superlens

abstract:
  We consider the problem of subwavelength imaging via a slab of a left handed
media (LHM) in the presence of material losses. We derive the expression for
the resolution limit of LHM-based lens and demonstrate that the area of its
subwavelength performance is usually limited to the near-field zone.


title: A vectorlike representation of multilayers

abstract:
  We resort to the concept of turns to provide a geometrical representation of
the action of any lossless multilayer, which can be considered as the analogous
in the unit disk to the sliding vectors in Euclidean geometry. This
construction clearly shows the peculiar effects arising in the composition of
multilayers. A simple optical experiment revealing the appearance of the Wigner
angle is analyzed in this framework.


title:
Proposal for high-precision Atomic Parity Violation measurements using
  amplification of the asymmetry by stimulated emission in a transverse E and B
  field pump-probe experiment

abstract:
  Amplification by stimulated emission of radiation provides an intriguing
means for increasing the sensitivity of Atomic Parity Violation (APV)
measurements in a pump-probe configuration well adapted to the 6S-7S cesium
transition. It takes advantage of the large number of atoms excited along the
path of the pump beam. In the longitudinal E-field configuration currently
exploited in an ongoing APV measurement, this number is limited only by the
total voltage sustainable by the Cs vapor. In order to overcome this limit, we
consider, both theoretically and experimentally, the possibility of performing
the measurements in a transverse E-field configuration requiring a much lower
voltage. We discuss the necessarily different nature of the observable and the
magnetoelectric optical effects entering into play. They condition
modifications of the experimental configuration with, in particular, the
application of a transverse magnetic field. We suggest the possibility of
rotating the transverse direction of the fields so as to suppress systematic
effects. With a long interaction length, a precision reaching 0.1 percent in a
quantum noise limited measurement can be expected, now limited only by the
necessity of operating below the threshold of spontaneous superradiant emission
of the excited medium. If we approached this limit, however, we could greatly
amplify the asymmetry using triggered superradiance.


title: Computational Study of Turbulent-Laminar Patterns in Couette Flow

abstract:
  Turbulent-laminar patterns near transition are simulated in plane Couette
flow using an extension of the minimal flow unit methodology. Computational
domains are of minimal size in two directions but large in the third. The long
direction can be tilted at any prescribed angle to the streamwise direction.
Three types of patterned states are found and studied: periodic, localized, and
intermittent. These correspond closely to observations in large aspect ratio
experiments.


title:
Kerr effect in liquid helium at temperatures below the superfluid
  transition

abstract:
  The electro-optical Kerr effect induced by a slowly-varying applied electric
field in liquid helium at temperatures below the $\lambda$-point is
investigated. The Kerr constant of liquid helium is measured to be $(1.43\pm
0.02^{(stat)} \pm 0.04^{(sys)})\times 10^{-20}$ (cm/V)$^2$ at $T=1.5$ K. Within
the experimental uncertainty, the Kerr constant is independent of temperature
in the range $T=1.5$ K to 2.17 K, which implies that the Kerr constant of the
superfluid component of liquid helium is the same as that of normal liquid
helium. Our result also indicates that pair and higher correlations of He atoms
in the liquid phase account for about 23% of the measured Kerr constant. Liquid
nitrogen was used to test the experimental set-up, the result for the liquid
nitrogen Kerr constant is $(4.38\pm 0.15)\times 10^{-18} $(cm/V)$^2$. The
knowledge of the Kerr constant in these media allows the Kerr effect to be used
as a non-contact technique for measuring the magnitude and mapping out the
distribution of electric fields inside these cryogenic insulants.


title: The role of immersive informal science programs

abstract:
  Immersive informal environments (such as summer camps, residential programs
at museums and science centers, etc.) can provide a venue for young people to
explore their scientific thinking in a less formalized context than is
available in most traditional classrooms. While class instruction is beneficial
for children to develop formal science skills and content knowledge, venues
that offer more opportunities for experimentation and exploration can promote
deeper understandings. In this article I explore the background of science
learning and venues where this learning can take place followed by a review of
the benefits and necessary components of well designed immersive informal
programs.


title:
Non-Markovian stochastic processes and the wave-like properties of
  matter

abstract:
  A non-markovian stochastic model is shown to lead to a universal relationship
between particle's energy, driven frequency and a frequency of interaction with
the medium. It is briefly discussed the possible relevance of this general
structure to various phenomena in the context of the formation of patterns in
granular media, computation in a Brownian-type computer and the
Haisch-Rueda-Puthoff inertial mass theory.


title: Quantum Monte Carlo method for the ground state of many-boson systems

abstract:
  We formulate a quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method for calculating the ground
state of many-boson systems. The method is based on a field-theoretical
approach, and is closely related to existing fermion auxiliary-field QMC
methods which are applied in several fields of physics. The ground-state
projection is implemented as a branching random walk in the space of permanents
consisting of identical single-particle orbitals. The method is in principle
exact. We illustrate this method with a trapped atomic boson gas, where the
atoms interact via an attractive or repulsive contact two-body potential. We
choose as the single-particle basis a real-space grid. We compare with exact
results in small systems, and arbitrarily-sized systems of untrapped bosons
with attractive interactions in one dimension, where analytical solutions
exist. We also compare with the corresponding Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) mean-field
calculations for trapped atoms, and discuss the close formal relation between
our method and the GP approach. Our method provides a way to systematically
improve upon GP while using the same framework, capturing interaction and
correlation effects with a stochastic, coherent ensemble of non-interacting
solutions. We discuss various algorithmic issues, including importance sampling
and the back-propagation technique for computing observables, and illustrate
them with numerical studies. We show results for systems with up to N ~ 400
bosons.


title: Negative Index Lens Aberrations

abstract:
  We examine the Seidel aberrations of thin spherical lenses composed of media
with refractive index not restricted to be positive. We find that consideration
of this expanded parameter space allows reduction or elimination of more
aberrations than is possible with only positive index media. In particular we
find that spherical lenses possessing real aplanatic focal points are possible
only with negative index. We perform ray tracing, using custom code that relies
only on Maxwell's equations and conservation of energy, that confirms the
results of the aberration calculations.


title: A Bayesian approach to change point analysis of discrete time series

abstract:
  In this work we consider time series with a finite number of discrete point
changes. We assume that the data in each segment follows a different
probability density functions (pdf). We focus on the case where the data in all
segments are modeled by Gaussian probability density functions with different
means, variances and correlation lengths. We put a prior law on the change
point instances (Poisson process) as well as on these different
parameters(conjugate priors) and give the expression of the posterior probality
distributions of these change points. The computations are done by using an
appropriate Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique.
  The problem as we stated can also be considered as an unsupervised
classification and/or segmentation of the time serie. This analogy gives us the
possibility to propose alternative modeling and computation of change points,
which are more appropriate for multivariate signals, for example in image
processing.


title: A Hidden Markov model for Bayesian data fusion of multivariate signals

abstract:
  In this work we propose a Bayesian framework for data fusion of multivariate
signals which arises in imaging systems. More specifically, we consider the
case where we have observed two images of the same object through two different
imaging processes. The objective of this work is then to propose a coherent
approach to combine these data sets to obtain a segmented image which can be
considered as the fusion result of these two images. The proposed approach is
based on a Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM) of the images with common segmentation,
or equivalently, with common hidden classification label variables which is
modeled by the Potts Markov Random Field. We propose then an appropriate Markov
Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to implement the method and show some
simulation results and applications.


title:
A hidden Markov Model for image fusion and their joint segmentation in
  medical image computing

abstract:
  In this work we propose a Bayesian framework for fully automated image fusion
and their joint segmentation. More specifically, we consider the case where we
have observed images of the same object through different image processes or
through different spectral bands. The objective of this work is then to propose
a coherent approach to combine these data sets and obtain a segmented image
which can be considered as the fusion result of these observations. The
proposed approach is based on a Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM) of the images with
common segmentation, or equivalently, with common hidden classification label
variables which are modeled by the Potts Markov Random Field. We propose an
appropriate Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to implement the method
and show some simulation results and applications.


title:
Isotope shifts of the 4s2 1S0 -> 4s5p 1P1 transition and hyperfine
  splitting of the 4s5p 1P1 state in calcium

abstract:
  Using a technique based on production of ion Coulomb crystals, the isotope
shifts of the 4s2 1S0 -> 4s5p 1P1 transition for all naturally occurring
isotopes of calcium as well as the hyperfine splitting of the 4s5p 1P1 state in
Ca-43 have been measured. The field shift and specific mass shift coefficients
as well as the hyperfine structure constants for Ca-43 have been derived from
the data.


title:
Beam-foil Spectroscopy of the 1s2s2p23p 6L-1s2p33p 6P Transitions in O
  IV, F V and Ne VI

abstract:
  We present observations of VUV transitions between doubly excited sextet
states in O IV, F V and Ne VI. Spectra were produced by collisions of an O+,
(FH)+ and Ne+ beam with a solid carbon target. Some observed lines are assigned
to the 1s2s2p23p 6L-1s2p33p 6P electric-dipole transitions in O IV, F V and Ne
VI, and are compared with results of MCHF (with QED and higher-order
corrections) and MCDF calculations. 31 new lines have been identified. The
sextet systems of boronlike ions are possible candidates for x-ray and VUV
lasers.


title: 1s2s2p23d 6L - 1s2p33d 6D, L=F, D, P Transitions in O IV, F V and Ne VI

abstract:
  We present observations of VUV transitions between doubly excited sextet
states in O IV, F V and Ne VI. Spectra were produced by collisions of an O+
beam with a solid carbon target. We also studied spectra obtained previously of
F V and Ne VI. Some observed lines were assigned to the 1s2s2p23d 6L - 1s2p33d
6D, L=F, D, P electric-dipole transitions, and compared with results of MCHF
(with QED and higher-order corrections) and MCDF calculations. 42 new lines
have been identified. Highly excited sextet states in five-electron ions
provide a new form of energy storage and are possible candidates for VUV and
x-ray lasers.


title:
Strongly coupled large-angle stimulated Raman scattering of short laser
  pulses in plasma-filled capillaries

abstract:
  Strongly coupled large-angle stimulated Raman scattering (LA SRS) of a short
intense laser pulse proceeds in a plane plasma-filled capillary differently
than in a plasma with open boundaries. Oblique mirror reflections off capillary
walls partly suppress the lateral convection of scattered radiation and
increase the growth rate of the instability: the convective gain of the LA SRS
falls with an angle much slower than in an unbounded plasma and even for the
near-forward SRS can be close to that of the direct backscatter. The long-term
evolution of LA SRS in the interior of the capillary is dominated by
quasi-one-dimensional leaky modes, whose damping is related to the transmission
of electromagnetic waves through capillary walls.


title:
Evidences for skeletal structures in tornado and the probable role of
  nanotubular dust in the origin of tornado

abstract:
  The results are presented of an analysis, with the help of the method of
multilevel dynamical contrasting of the images, of available databases of the
images of tornado. This analysis extends some preliminary results on
identification of skeletal structures in tornadoes (Phys. Lett. A 306 (2002)
175) and enables us to apply to the case of tornado our former hypothesis for
the probable role of nanotubular dust in the origin and stability/longevity of
filamentary structures of a skeletal form in electric discharges. A hypothesis
for the contribution of nanotubular dust to initiation of tornadoes is
suggested, in which a key role is delivered to ability of the hypothetical
skeleton inside the thundercloud to provide fast long-range transport of
electricity. Thus, initiation of tornado is suggested to be an electrostatic
instability caused exclusively by the presence and special structuring of a
nanodust.


title:
Using symmetries and generating functions to calculate and minimize
  moments of inertia

abstract:
  This paper presents some formulae to calculate moments of inertia for solids
of revolution and for solids generated by contour plots. For this, the symmetry
properties and the generating functions of the figures are utilized. The
combined use of generating functions and symmetry properties greatly simplifies
many practical calculations. In addition, the explicit use of generating
functions gives the possibility of writing the moment of inertia as a
functional, which in turn allows to utilize the calculus of variations to
obtain a new insight about some properties of this fundamental quantity. In
particular, minimization of moments of inertia under certain restrictions is
possible by using variational methods.


title:
Universal Symmetry of Complexity and Its Manifestations at Different
  Levels of World Dynamics

abstract:
  The unreduced, universally nonperturbative analysis of arbitrary interaction
process, described by a quite general equation, provides the truly complete,
"dynamically multivalued" general solution that leads to dynamically derived,
universal definitions of randomness, probability, chaoticity, complexity,
fractality, self-organisation, and other properties, extending their axiomatic
introduction in the conventional, dynamically single-valued (unitary) theory
(physics/9806002, physics/0211071). Any real system emergence, structure, and
behaviour can be expressed now by the universal law of conservation, or
symmetry, of complexity that unifies extended versions of any (correct)
symmetry, law, or "principle". Both the observed world structure and its
unreduced dynamics result from that universal, unique symmetry, instead of
formal imposition of separated, broken and simplified symmetries upon the
existing, postulated structures in the unitary world "model". Whereas any
unitary "symmetry" is regular and therefore practically always "spontaneously
broken" (violated) in the real world dynamics, the universal symmetry of
complexity remains always exact, but unites different, irregular, dynamically
nonlinear, and intrinsically unstable patterns of unreduced world structure. It
also provides the rigorous, dynamically derived expression of the ``arrow of
time" (generalised entropy growth law) applicable to any real, necessarily
complex system, from elementary particle to the universe. Particular
applications of the universal symmetry of complexity, from fundamental physics
to biology and theory of consciousness, provide old mysteries solutions and new
research perspectives.


title:
Restricted and unrestricted Hartree-Fock approaches for addition
  spectrum and Hund's rule of spherical quantum dots in a magnetic field

abstract:
  The Roothaan and Pople-Nesbet approaches for real atoms are adapted to
quantum dots in the presence of a magnetic field. Single-particle Gaussian
basis sets are constructed, for each dot radius, under the condition of maximum
overlap with the exact functions. The chemical potential, the charging energy
and the total spin expected values have been calculated, and we have verified
the validity of the quantum dot energy shell structure as well as the Hund rule
for electronic occupation at zero magnetic field. For finite field, we have
observed the violation of Hund's rule and studied the influence of magnetic
field on the closed and open energy shell configurations. We have also compared
the present results with those obtained with LS-coupling scheme for low
electronic occupation numbers. We focus only on ground state properties and
consider quantum dots populated up to forty electrons, constructed by GaAs or
InSb semiconductors.


title:
The alpha-dependence of transition frequencies for some ions of Ti, Mn,
  Na, C, and O, and the search for variation of the fine structure constant

abstract:
  We use the relativistic Hartree-Fock method, many-body perturbation theory
and configuration-interaction method to calculate the dependence of atomic
transition frequencies on the fine structure constant, alpha. The results of
these calculations will be used in the search for variation of the fine
structure constant in quasar absorption spectra.


title: Dynamical diffraction

abstract:
  An algebraic approach to neutron scattering on a one dimensional potentials
is generalized to diffraction on three dimensional single crystals.


title: DAFNE injection system upgrade

abstract:
  High luminosity in DAFNE needs very high electron and positron currents
stored. A full energy (510 MeV) injection system composed by a full energy
electron and positron linac and an accumulator-damping ring is presently used.
The electron and positron beams, alternatively accelerated by the linac, are
injected and stacked in the accumulator with high efficiency thanks to its
large acceptance and short damping time. The damped beams are extracted and
transferred to the main ring through a long transfer line that has been built
inside already existing buildings. The refill time of the collider is limited
by the transfer line set-up change between the two different beams modes. In
this paper a transfer line modification is proposed in order to reduce the
switch time. A possible injection scheme for the main rings is also described.


title: The HADES Tracking System

abstract:
  The tracking system of the dielectron spectrometer HADES at GSI Darmstadt is
formed out of 24 low-mass, trapezoidal multi-layer drift chambers providing in
total about 30 square meter of active area. Low multiple scattering in the in
total four planes of drift chambers before and after the magnetic field is
ensured by using helium-based gas mixtures and aluminum cathode and field
wires. First in-beam performance results are contrasted with expectations from
simulations. Emphasis is placed on the energy loss information, exploring its
relevance regarding track recognition.


title: Deeply subrecoil two-dimensional Raman cooling

abstract:
  We report the implementation of a two-dimensional Raman cooling scheme using
sequential excitations along the orthogonal axes. Using square pulses, we have
cooled a cloud of ultracold Cesium atoms down to an RMS velocity spread of
0.39(5) recoil velocity, corresponding to an effective temperature of 30 nK
(0.15 T_rec). This technique can be useful to improve cold atom atomic clocks,
and is particularly relevant for clocks in microgravity.


title:
Aerodynamic Force and Flow Structures of Two Airfoils in Flapping
  Motions

abstract:
  Aerodynamic force and flow structures of two airfoils in tandem configuration
performing flapping motions are studied, using the method of solving the
Navier-Stokes equations in moving overset grids. Three typical phase
differences between the fore- and aft-airfoil flapping cycles are considered.


title:
A General Systems Theory for the Observed Fractal Space-Time
  Fluctuations in Dynamical Systems

abstract:
  Recent studies of DNA sequence of letters A, C, G and T exhibit the inverse
power law form frequency spectrum. Inverse power-law form of the power spectra
of fractal space-time fluctuations is generic to the dynamical systems in
nature and is identified as self-organized criticality. In this study it is
shown that the power spectra of the frequency distributions of bases C+G in the
Human chromosome X DNA exhibit self-organized criticality. DNA is a
quasicrystal possessing maximum packing efficiency in a hierarchy of spirals or
loops. Self-organized criticality implies that non-coding introns may not be
redundant, but serve to organize the effective functioning of the coding exons
in the DNA molecule as a complete unit.


title: Stochastic analysis of different rough surfaces

abstract:
  This paper shows in detail the application of a new stochastic approach for
the characterization of surface height profiles, which is based on the theory
of Markov processes. With this analysis we achieve a characterization of the
scale dependent complexity of surface roughness by means of a Fokker-Planck or
Langevin equation, providing the complete stochastic information of multiscale
joint probabilities. The method is applied to several surfaces with different
properties, for the purpose of showing the utility of this method in more
details. In particular we show the evidence of Markov properties, and we
estimate the parameters of the Fokker-Planck equation by pure, parameter-free
data analysis. The resulting Fokker-Planck equations are verified by numerical
reconstruction of conditional probability density functions. The results are
compared with those from the analysis of multi-affine and extended multi-affine
scaling properties which is often used for surface topographies. The different
surface structures analysed here show in details advantages and disadvantages
of these methods.


title:
Statistical randomization test for QCD intermittency in a single-event
  distribution

abstract:
  A randomization test was developed to determine the statistical significance
of QCD intermittency in single-event distributions. A total of 96 simulated
intermittent distributions based on standard normal Gaussian distributions of
size N=500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 4000, 8000, 16000, and 32000 containing induced
holes and spikes were tested for intermittency. Non-intermittent null
distributions were also simulated as part of the test. A log-linear model was
developed to simultaneously test the significance of fit coefficients for the
y-intercept and slope contribution to ln(F_2) vs. ln(M) from both the
intermittent and null distributions. Statistical power was also assessed for
each fit coefficient to reflect the proportion of times out of 1000 tests each
coefficient was statistically significant, given the induced effect size and
sample size of the Gaussians. Results indicate that the slope of ln(F_2) vs.
ln(M) for intermittent distributions increased with decreasing sample size, due
to artificially-induced holes occurring in sparse histograms. For intermittent
Gaussians with 4000 variates, there was approximately 70% power to detect a
slope difference of 0.02 between intermittent and null distributions. For
sample sizes of 8000 and greater, there was more than 70% power to detect a
slope difference of 0.01. The randomization test performed satisfactorily since
the power of the test for intermittency decreased with decreasing sample size.
Power was near-zero when the test was applied to null distributions. The
randomization test can be used to establish the statistical significance of
intermittency in empirical single-event Gaussian distributions.


title: Spin-orbit coupling and magnetic spin states in cylindrical quantum dots

abstract:
  We make detailed analysis of each possible spin-orbit coupling of zincblende
narrow-gap cylindrical quantum dots built in two-dimensional electron gas.
These couplings are related to both bulk (Dresselhaus) and structure (Rashba)
inversion asymmetries. We study the competition between electron-electron and
spin-orbit interactions on electronic properties of 2-electron quantum dots.


title: Gauss-Hermite Approximation Formula

abstract:
  A multidimesional function $y(\vec r)$ defined by a sample of points $\{\vec
r_i,y_i\}$ is approximated by a differentiable function $\widetilde y(\vec r)$.
The problem is solved by using the Gauss-Hermite folding method developed in
the nuclear shell correction method by Strutinsky.


title:
Anomalous Power Law Distribution of Total Lifetimes of Branching
  Processes Relevant to Earthquakes

abstract:
  We consider a branching model of triggered seismicity, the ETAS
(epidemic-type aftershock sequence) model which assumes that each earthquake
can trigger other earthquakes (``aftershocks''). An aftershock sequence results
in this model from the cascade of aftershocks of each past earthquake. Due to
the large fluctuations of the number of aftershocks triggered directly by any
earthquake (``productivity'' or ``fertility''), there is a large variability of
the total number of aftershocks from one sequence to another, for the same
mainshock magnitude. We study the regime where the distribution of fertilities
$\mu$ is characterized by a power law $\sim 1/\mu^{1+\gamma}$ and the bare
Omori law for the memory of previous triggering mothers decays slowly as $\sim
1/t^{1+\theta}$, with $0 < \theta <1$ relevant for earthquakes. Using the tool
of generating probability functions and a quasistatic approximation which is
shown to be exact asymptotically for large durations, we show that the density
distribution of total aftershock lifetimes scales as $\sim
1/t^{1+\theta/\gamma}$ when the average branching ratio is critical ($n=1$).
The coefficient $1<\gamma = b/\alpha<2$ quantifies the interplay between the
exponent $b \approx 1$ of the Gutenberg-Richter magnitude distribution $ \sim
10^{-bm}$ and the increase $\sim 10^{\alpha m}$ of the number of aftershocks
with the mainshock magnitude $m$ (productivity) with $\alpha \approx 0.8$. More
generally, our results apply to any stochastic branching process with a
power-law distribution of offsprings per mother and a long memory.


title: Strong RF focusing for luminosity increase: short bunches at the IP

abstract:
  One of the key-issues to increase the luminosity in the next generation
particle factories is to reduce the bunch length at the interaction point (IP)
as much as possible. This will allow reducing proportionally the transverse
beta functions at the IP and increasing the luminosity by the same factor. The
strong RF focusing consists in obtaining short bunches by substantially
increasing the lattice momentum compaction and the RF gradient. In this regime
the bunch length is modulated along the ring and could be minimized at the IP.
If the principal impedance generating elements of the ring are located where
the bunch is long (in the RF cavities region) it is possible to avoid microwave
instability and excessive bunch lengthening due to the potential well
distortion.


title: Increment definitions for scale dependent analysis of stochastic data

abstract:
  It is common for scale-dependent analysis of stochastic data to use the
increment $\Delta(t,r) = \xi(t+r) - \xi(t)$ of a data set $\xi(t)$ as a
stochastic measure, where $r$ denotes the scale. For joint statistics of
$\Delta(t,r)$ and $\Delta(t,r')$ the question how to nest the increments on
different scales $r,r'$ is investigated. Here we show that in some cases
spurious correlations between scales can be introduced by the common
left-justified definition. The consequences for a Markov process are discussed.
These spurious correlations can be avoided by an appropriate nesting of
increments. We demonstrate this effect for different data sets and show how it
can be detected and quantified. The problem allows to propose a unique method
to distinguish between experimental data generated by a noiselike or a
Langevin-like random-walk process, respectively.


title:
On the generation and the nonlinear dynamics of X-waves of the
  Schroedinger equation

abstract:
  The generation of finite energy packets of X-waves is analysed in normally
dispersive cubic media by using an X-wave expansion. The 3D nonlinear
Schroedinger model is reduced to a 1D equation with anomalous dispersion. Pulse
splitting and beam replenishment as observed in experiments with water and Kerr
media are explained in terms of a higher order breathing soliton. The results
presented also hold in periodic media and Bose-condensed gases.


title:
Steady-state visual evoked potentials and phase synchronization in
  migraine

abstract:
  We investigate phase synchronization in EEG recordings from migraine
patients. We use the analytic signal technique, based on the Hilbert transform,
and find that migraine brains are characterized by enhanced alpha band phase
synchronization in presence of visual stimuli. Our findings show that migraine
patients have an overactive regulatory mechanism that renders them more
sensitive to external stimuli.


title: Noncommutative Gauge Fields and Mass Generation

abstract:
  It is well known that a typical Yang-Mills Gauge Field is mediated by
massless Bosons. It is only through a symmetry breaking mechanism, as in the
Salam-Weinberg model that the quanta of such an interaction field acquire a
mass in the usual theory. Here we demonstrate that without taking recourse to
the usual symmetry breaking mechanism, it is possible to have massive Gauge
Fields, given a noncommutative geometrical underpinning for spacetime.


title:
Coherence and correlation properties of a one-dimensional attractive
  Fermi gas

abstract:
  A recently developed Quantum Monte Carlo algorithm based on the stochastic
evolution of Hartree-Fock states has been applied to compute the static
correlation functions of a one-dimensional model of attractively interacting
two component fermions. The numerical results have been extensively compared to
existing approximate approaches. The crossover to a condensate of pairs can be
identified as the first-order pair coherence extending throughout the whole
size of the system. The possibility of revealing the onset of the transition
with other observables such as the density-density correlations or the
second-order momentum space correlations is discussed.


title:
A regularized inverted perturbation approach method: potential energy
  curve of the $4^1\Sigma^+_u$ state in $Na_2$

abstract:
  We describe a modification of the inverted perturbation approach method
allowing to construct physically sensible potential energy curves for
electronic states of diatomic molecules even when some parts of the potential
are not adequately characterized by the experimental data. The method is based
on a simple regularization procedure, imposing an additional constraint on the
constructed potential curve. In the present work it is applied to the double
minimum 4$^1\Sigma^{+}_{\mathrm u}$ state of Na$_2$, observed experimentally by
polarization labeling spectroscopy technique.


title:
Toward a Consistent Theory of Relativistic Rotation. Chapter 6 in
  Relativity in Rotating Frames

abstract:
  Part 1. Conundrums in the Traditional Analysis of Rotating Frames. Part 2.
Resolution of the Conundrums: Differential Geometry and Non-time-orthogonality.
Part 3. Experiment and Non-time-orthogonal Analysis.
  Part 3 contains a tabular history of the experiments performed since 1887 to
test special relativity theory. It notes that the Brillet and Hall experiment
in 1978 stands alone as a true, and sufficiently accurate, test of light speed
in a rotating frame. Anomalous data (considered "spurious" at the time) from
that experiment support the conclusions drawn herein.


title:
Photoassociation of cold atoms with chirped laser pulses: time-dependent
  calculations and analysis of the adiabatic transfer within a two-state model

abstract:
  This theoretical paper presents numerical calculations for photoassociation
of ultracold cesium atoms with a chirped laser pulse and detailed analysis of
the results. In contrast with earlier work, the initial state is represented by
a stationary continuum wavefunction. In the chosen example, it is shown that an
important population transfer is achieved to $\approx 15$ vibrational levels in
the vicinity of the v=98 bound level in the external well of the
$0_g^-(6s+6p_{3/2})$ potential. Such levels lie in the energy range swept by
the instantaneous frequency of the pulse, thus defining a ``photoassociation
window''. Levels outside this window may be significantly excited during the
pulse, but no population remains there after the pulse. Finally, the population
transfer to the last vibrational levels of the ground $a^3\Sigma_u^+$(6s + 6s)
is significant, making stable molecules. The results are interpreted in the
framework of a two state model as an adiabatic inversion mechanism, efficient
only within the photoassociation window. The large value found for the
photoassociation rate suggests promising applications. The present chirp has
been designed in view of creating a vibrational wavepacket in the excited state
which is focussing at the barrier of the double well potential.


title:
A Word from a Black Female Relativistic Astrophysicist: Setting the
  Record Straight on Black Holes

abstract:
  This Letter is written to clear up a situation, and hopefully we will learn
something from it: scientifically and morally. Herein is presented a true
``historical'' scenario of events, that led to my being the first person
(Williams 1991) to successfully work out the Penrose mechanism in
four-dimensions (three-space momenta and energy). Before working out a solution
to the Penrose mechanism: to extract energy from a rotating black hole, the
Penrose mechanism (since first proposed by Roger Penrose in 1969) had been
attempted by scientists over the world for nearly two decades, with little
success, although making some progress. In the Penrose analysis of Williams
(1991, 1995) details of the behavior of efficient Penrose relativistic
scattering processes in the ergosphere are described. The reason a solution
eluded other scientists before me is that there was very little known about
orbits inside the ergosphere, where space and time are no longer separable, as
measured by an observer at infinity (i.e., far away from the Kerr black hole).
In this Letter, I describe how analytic derivations of the conserved energy and
azimuthal angular momentum of particle orbits not confined to the equatorial
plane allowed me to succeed where others, whose ``shoulders'' I stood on, had
failed. Also, I will mention some well known scientists in the astrophysics
community by name, as I discuss their involvement, and outline the facts behind
an author feeling the need to set the record straight.