title: The Exotic XYZ Charmonium-like Mesons

abstract:
  Charmonium, the spectroscopy of c\bar{c} mesons, has recently enjoyed a
renaissance with the discovery of several missing states and a number of
unexpected charmonium-like resonances. The discovery of these new states has
been made possible by the extremely large data samples made available by the
B-factories at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center and at KEK in Japan, and
at the CESR e^+e^- collider at Cornell. Conventional c\bar{c} states are well
described by quark potential models. However, many of these newly discovered
charmonium-like mesons do not seem to fit into the conventional c\bar{c}
spectrum. There is growing evidence that at least some of these new states are
exotic, i.e. new forms of hadronic matter such as mesonic-molecules,
tetraquarks, and/or hybrid mesons. In this review we describe expectations for
the properties of conventional charmonium states and the predictions for
molecules, tetraquarks and hybrids and the various processes that can be used
to produce them. We examine the evidence for the new candidate exotic mesons,
possible explanations, and experimental measurements that might shed further
light on the nature these states.


title:
Enhancement of Superconducting Transition Temperature due to the strong
  Antiferromagnetic Spin Fluctuations in Non-centrosymmetric Heavy-fermion
  Superconductor CeIrSi3 :A 29Si-NMR Study under Pressure

abstract:
  We report a 29Si-NMR study on the pressure-induced superconductivity (SC) in
an antiferromagnetic (AFM) heavy-fermion compound CeIrSi3 without inversion
symmetry. In the SC state at P=2.7-2.8 GPa, the temperature dependence of the
nuclear-spin lattice relaxation rate 1/T_1 below Tc exhibits a T^3 behavior
without any coherence peak just below Tc, revealing the presence of line nodes
in the SC gap. In the normal state, 1/T_1 follows a \sqrt{T}-like behavior,
suggesting that the SC emerges under the non-Fermi liquid state dominated by
AFM spin fluctuations enhanced around quantum critical point (QCP). The reason
why the maximum Tc in CeIrSi3 is relatively high among the Ce-based
heavy-fermion superconductors may be the existence of the strong AFM spin
fluctuations. We discuss the comparison with the other Ce-based heavy-fermion
superconductors.


title:
Infinite Dimensional Multiplicity Free Spaces I: Limits of Compact
  Commutative Spaces

abstract:
  We study direct limits $(G,K) = \varinjlim (G_n,K_n)$ of compact Gelfand
pairs. First, we develop a criterion for a direct limit representation to be a
multiplicity--free discrete direct sum of irreducible representations. Then we
look at direct limits $G/K = \varinjlim G_n/K_n$ of compact riemannian
symmetric spaces, where we combine our criterion with the Cartan--Helgason
Theorem to show in general that the regular representation of $G = \varinjlim
G_n$ on a certain function space $\varinjlim L^2(G_n/K_n)$ is multiplicity
free. That method is not applicable for direct limits of nonsymmetric Gelfand
pairs, so we introduce two other methods. The first, based on ``parabolic
direct limits'' and ``defining representations'', extends the method used in
the symmetric space case. The second uses some (new) branching rules from
finite dimensional representation theory. In both cases we define function
spaces $\cA(G/K)$, $\cC(G/K)$ and $L^2(G/K)$ to which our multiplicity--free
criterion applies.


title: The case for OH suppression at near-infrared wavelengths

abstract:
  We calculate the advances in near-infrared astronomy made possible through
the use of fibre Bragg gratings to selectively remove hydroxyl emission lines
from the night sky spectrum. Fibre Bragg gratings should remove OH lines at
high resolution (R=10,000), with high suppression (30dB) whilst maintaining
high throughput (~90 per cent) between the lines. Devices currently under
construction should remove 150 lines in each of the J and H bands, effectively
making the night sky surface brightness ~4 magnitudes fainter. This background
reduction is greater than the improvement adapative optics makes over natural
seeing; photonic OH suppression is at least as important as adaptive optics for
the future of cosmology.
  We present a model of the NIR sky spectrum, and show that the interline
continuum is very faint (~80 ph/s/m^s/arcsec/micron on the ecliptic plane). We
show that OH suppression by high dispersion, i.e. `resolving out' the skylines,
cannot obtain the required level of sensitivity to reach the interline
continuum due to scattering of light. The OH lines must be suppressed prior to
dispersion.
  We have simulated observations employing fibre Bragg gratings of first light
objects, high redshift galaxies and cool, low-mass stars. The simulations are
of complete end-to-end systems from object to detector. The results demonstrate
that fibre Bragg grating OH suppression will significantly advance our
knowledge in many areas of astrophysics, and in particular will enable
rest-frame ultra-violet observations of the Universe at the time of first light
and reionisation.


title: On the Scaling Window of Model RB

abstract:
  This paper analyzes the scaling window of a random CSP model (i.e. model RB)
for which we can identify the threshold points exactly, denoted by $r_{cr}$ or
$p_{cr}$. For this model, we establish the scaling window
$W(n,\delta)=(r_{-}(n,\delta), r_{+}(n,\delta))$ such that the probability of a
random instance being satisfiable is greater than $1-\delta$ for
$r<r_{-}(n,\delta)$ and is less than $\delta$ for $r>r_{+}(n,\delta)$.
Specifically, we obtain the following result
$$W(n,\delta)=(r_{cr}-\Theta(\frac{1}{n^{1-\epsilon}\ln n}), \
r_{cr}+\Theta(\frac{1}{n\ln n})),$$ where $0\leq\epsilon<1$ is a constant. A
similar result with respect to the other parameter $p$ is also obtained. Since
the instances generated by model RB have been shown to be hard at the
threshold, this is the first attempt, as far as we know, to analyze the scaling
window of such a model with hard instances.


title: The adiabatic theorem in the presence of noise

abstract:
  We provide rigorous bounds for the error of the adiabatic approximation of
quantum mechanics under four sources of experimental error: perturbations in
the initial condition, systematic time-dependent perturbations in the
Hamiltonian, coupling to low-energy quantum systems, and decoherent
time-dependent perturbations in the Hamiltonian. For decoherent perturbations,
we find both upper and lower bounds on the evolution time to guarantee the
adiabatic approximation performs within a prescribed tolerance. Our new results
include explicit definitions of constants, and we apply them to the spin-1/2
particle in a rotating magnetic field, and to the superconducting flux qubit.
We compare the theoretical bounds on the superconducting flux qubit to
simulation results.


title: 2-Cocycles of Original Deformative Schr\"{o}dinger-Virasoro Algebras

abstract:
  Both original and twisted Schr\"{o}dinger-Virasoro algebras also their
deformations were introduced and investigated in a series of papers by Henkel,
Roger and Unterberger. In the present paper we aim to determine the 2-cocycles
of original deformative Schr\"{o}dinger-Virasoro algebras.


title:
Usual and phantom scalar fields in five dimensions: compactification and
  flat thick brane solutions

abstract:
  In the model of a gravitating system with two scalar fields (one of which is
phantom), two new types of regular solutions are found: mechanism for
compactification of an extra dimension and a flat thick brane solution. It is
shown that the first model has solutions oscillating over the extra coordinate
and giving a finite radius of compactification of the fifth dimension and the
second model is a flat thick brane embedded in the 5D Minkowski spacetime.
Geometry of both models corresponds to a five-dimensional Minkowski space-time.
Consideration of linear perturbations shows stability of the obtained
solutions.


title: Towards a Real-Time Data Driven Wildland Fire Model

abstract:
  A wildland fire model based on semi-empirical relations for the spread rate
of a surface fire and post-frontal heat release is coupled with the Weather
Research and Forecasting atmospheric model (WRF). The propagation of the fire
front is implemented by a level set method. Data is assimilated by a morphing
ensemble Kalman filter, which provides amplitude as well as position
corrections. Thermal images of a fire will provide the observations and will be
compared to a synthetic image from the model state.


title:
Regular and Chaotic States in a Local Map Description of Sheared Nematic
  Liquid Crystals

abstract:
  We propose and study a local map capable of describing the full variety of
dynamical states, ranging from regular to chaotic, obtained when a nematic
liquid crystal is subjected to a steady shear flow. The map is formulated in
terms of a quaternion parametrization of rotations of the local frame described
by the axes of the nematic director, subdirector and the joint normal to these,
with two additional scalars describing the strength of ordering. Our model
yields kayaking, wagging, tumbling, aligned and coexistence states, in
agreement with previous formulations based on coupled ordinary differential
equations. Such a map can serve as a building block for the construction of
lattice models of the complex spatio-temporal states predicted for sheared
nematics.


title:
Search for Heavy Top-like Quarks t' -> Wq Using Lepton Plus Jets Events
  in 1.96 TeV Proton-Antiproton Collisions

abstract:
  We present the results of a search for pair production of a new heavy
top-like quark t' decaying to a W boson and another quark using the CDF II
detector in Run II of the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider. Using a data
sample corresponding to 760 pb^-1 of integrated luminosity, we fit the observed
spectrum of total transverse energy and reconstructed t' quark mass to a
combination of standard model processes and t' pair production. We see no
evidence for t' pair production, and we infer a lower limit of 256 GeV/c^2 on
the mass of the t' at 95% C.L. assuming standard strong couplings for the t'.


title:
Hash Property and Coding Theorems for Sparse Matrices and
  Maximum-Likelihood Coding

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to prove the achievability of several coding
problems by using sparse matrices (the maximum column weight grows
logarithmically in the block length) and maximal-likelihood (ML) coding. These
problems are the Slepian-Wolf problem, the Gel'fand-Pinsker problem, the
Wyner-Ziv problem, and the One-helps-one problem (source coding with partial
side information at the decoder). To this end, the notion of a hash property
for an ensemble of functions is introduced and it is proved that an ensemble of
$q$-ary sparse matrices satisfies the hash property. Based on this property, it
is proved that the rate of codes using sparse matrices and maximal-likelihood
(ML) coding can achieve the optimal rate.


title:
Separation of Dirac equation in the 3+1 dimensional constant curvature
  black hole background and its solution

abstract:
  The behavior of spin-half particles is discussed in the 3 + 1-dimensional
constant curvature black hole (CCBH) spacetime. We use Schwarzschild-like
coordinates, valid outside the black hole event horizon. The constant time
surfaces corresponding to the time-like Killing vector are degenerate at the
black hole event horizon and also along an axis. We write down the Dirac
equation in this spacetime using Newman-Penrose formalism which is not easily
separable unlike that in the Kerr metric. However, with a particular choice of
basis system the equation is separable and we obtain the solutions. We discuss
the structural difference in the Dirac equation in the CCBH spacetime with that
in the Kerr geometry, due to difference in the corresponding spacetime metric,
resulting complexity arised in separation in the earlier case.


title:
Spectral efficiency and optimal medium access control of random access
  systems over large random spreading CDMA

abstract:
  This paper analyzes the spectral efficiency as a function of medium access
control (MAC) for large random spreading CDMA random access systems that employ
a linear receiver. It is shown that located at higher than the physical layer,
MAC along with spreading and power allocation can effectively perform spectral
efficiency maximization and near-far mitigation.


title:
Universality Class of the Reversible-Irreversible Transition in Sheared
  Suspensions

abstract:
  Collections of non-Brownian particles suspended in a viscous fluid and
subjected to oscillatory shear at very low Reynolds number have recently been
shown to exhibit a remarkable dynamical phase transition separating reversible
from irreversible behaviour as the strain amplitude or volume fraction are
increased. We present a simple model for this phenomenon, based on which we
argue that this transition lies in the universality class of the conserved DP
models or, equivalently, the Manna model. This leads to predictions for the
scaling behaviour of a large number of experimental observables. Non-Brownian
suspensions under oscillatory shear may thus constitute the first experimental
realization of an inactive-active phase transition which is not in the
universality class of conventional directed percolation.


title:
Giant Dipole Resonance Width in near-Sn Nuclei at Low Temperature and
  High Angular Momentum

abstract:
  High energy gamma-rays in coincidence with low energy yrast gamma-rays have
been measured from 113Sb, at excitation energies of 109 and 122 MeV, formed by
bombarding 20Ne on 93Nb at projectile energies of 145 and 160 MeV respectively
to study the role of angular momentum (J) and temperature (T) over Giant Dipole
Resonance (GDR) width. The maximum populated angular momenta for fusion were
67hbar and 73hbar respectively for the above-mentioned beam energies. The high
energy photons were detected using a Large Area Modular BaF2 Detector Array
(LAMBDA) along with a 24-element multiplicity filter. After pre-equilibrium
corrections, the excitation energy E* was averaged over the decay steps of the
compound nucleus (CN). The average values of temperature, angular momentum, CN
mass etc. have been calculated by the statistical model code CASCADE. Using
those average values, results show the systematic increase of GDR width with T
which is consistent with Kusnezov parametrization and the Thermal Shape
Fluctuation Model. The rise of GDR width with temperature also supports the
assumptions of adiabatic coupling in the Thermal Shape Fluctuation Model. But
the GDR widths and corresponding reduced plots with J are not consistent with
the theoretical model at high spins.


title: Smooth Solutions of Non-linear Stochastic Partial Differential Equations

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the regularities of solutions of nonlinear stochastic
partial differential equations in the framework of Hilbert scales. Then we
apply our general result to several typical nonlinear SPDEs such as stochastic
Burgers and Ginzburg-Landau's equations on the real line, stochastic 2D
Navier-Stokes equations in the whole space and a stochastic tamed 3D
Navier-Stokes equation in the whole space, and obtain the existence of their
respectively smooth solutions.


title: How efficient is towing a cargo by a micro-swimmer?

abstract:
  We study the properties of arbitrary micro-swimmers towing a passive load
through a viscous liquid. The simple close-form expression for the dragging
efficiency of a general micro-swimmer dragging a distant load is found, and the
leading order approximation for finite mutual separation is derived. We show
that, while swimmer can be arbitrarily efficient, dragging efficiency is always
bounded from above. It is also demonstrated, that opposite to Purcell's
assumption, the hydrodynamic coupling can ''help" the swimmer to drag the load.
We support our conclusions by rigorous numerical calculations for the
"necklace-shaped" swimmer, towing a spherical cargo positioned at a finite
distance.


title: Partial wave analysis of J/\psi \to \gamma \phi \phi

abstract:
  Using $5.8 \times 10^7 J/\psi$ events collected in the BESII detector, the
radiative decay $J/\psi \to \gamma \phi \phi \to \gamma K^+ K^- K^0_S K^0_L$ is
studied. The $\phi\phi$ invariant mass distribution exhibits a near-threshold
enhancement that peaks around 2.24 GeV/$c^{2}$.
  A partial wave analysis shows that the structure is dominated by a $0^{-+}$
state ($\eta(2225)$) with a mass of $2.24^{+0.03}_{-0.02}{}^{+0.03}_{-0.02}$
GeV/$c^{2}$ and a width of $0.19 \pm 0.03^{+0.06}_{-0.04}$ GeV/$c^{2}$. The
product branching fraction is: $Br(J/\psi \to \gamma \eta(2225))\cdot
Br(\eta(2225)\to \phi\phi)
  = (4.4 \pm 0.4 \pm 0.8)\times 10^{-4}$.


title:
Gamma-Ray, Neutrino & Gravitational Wave Detection: OG 2.5,2.6,2.7
  Rapporteur

abstract:
  This report is based on a rapporteur talk presented at the 30th International
Cosmic Ray Conference held in Merida, Mexico (July 2007), and covers three of
the OG sessions devoted to neutrino, gravitational wave, and gamma-ray
detection.


title: Properties of Nested Sampling

abstract:
  Nested sampling is a simulation method for approximating marginal likelihoods
proposed by Skilling (2006). We establish that nested sampling has an
approximation error that vanishes at the standard Monte Carlo rate and that
this error is asymptotically Gaussian. We show that the asymptotic variance of
the nested sampling approximation typically grows linearly with the dimension
of the parameter. We discuss the applicability and efficiency of nested
sampling in realistic problems, and we compare it with two current methods for
computing marginal likelihood. We propose an extension that avoids resorting to
Markov chain Monte Carlo to obtain the simulated points.


title:
An LQ problem for the heat equation on the halfline with Dirichlet
  boundary control and noise

abstract:
  We study a linear quadratic problem for a system governed by the heat
equation on a halfline with Dirichlet boundary control and Dirichlet boundary
noise. We show that this problem can be reformulated as a stochastic evolution
equation in a certain weighted L2 space. An appropriate choice of weight allows
us to prove a stronger regularity for the boundary terms appearing in the
infinite dimensional state equation. The direct solution of the Riccati
equation related to the associated non-stochastic problem is used to find the
solution of the problem in feedback form and to write the value function of the
problem.


title: The Halo Mass-Bias Redshift Evolution in the $\Lambda$CDM Cosmology

abstract:
  We derive an analytic model for the redshift evolution of linear-bias,
allowing for interactions and merging of the mass-tracers, by solving a second
order differential equation based on linear perturbation theory and the
Friedmann-Lemaitre solutions of the cosmological field equations. We then study
the halo-mass dependence of the bias evolution, using the dark matter halo
distribution in a $\Lambda$CDM simulation in order to calibrate the free
parameters of the model. Finally, we compare our theoretical predictions with
available observational data and find a good agreement. In particular, we find
that the bias of optical QSO's evolve differently than those selected in X-rays
and that their corresponding typical dark matter halo mass is $\sim 10^{13}
h^{-1} M_{\odot}$ and $\magcir 5 \times 10^{13} h^{-1} M_{\odot}$,
respectively.


title:
Fermionic renormalization group methods for transport through
  inhomogeneous Luttinger liquids

abstract:
  We compare two fermionic renormalization group methods which have been used
to investigate the electronic transport properties of one-dimensional metals
with two-particle interaction (Luttinger liquids) and local inhomogeneities.
The first one is a poor man's method setup to resum ``leading-log'' divergences
of the effective transmission at the Fermi momentum. Generically the resulting
equations can be solved analytically. The second approach is based on the
functional renormalization group method and leads to a set of differential
equations which can only for certain setups and in limiting cases be solved
analytically, while in general it must be integrated numerically. Both methods
are claimed to be applicable for inhomogeneities of arbitrary strength and to
capture effects of the two-particle interaction, such as interaction dependent
exponents, up to leading order. We critically review this for the simplest case
of a single impurity. While on first glance the poor man's approach seems to
describe the crossover from the ``perfect'' to the ``open chain fixed point''
we collect evidence that difficulties may arise close to the ``perfect chain
fixed point''. Due to a subtle relation between the scaling dimensions of the
two fixed points this becomes apparent only in a detailed analysis. In the
functional renormalization group method the coupling of the different
scattering channels is kept which leads to a better description of the
underlying physics.


title: Implications of multi-Regge limits for the Bern-Dixon-Smirnov conjecture

abstract:
  Planar ${\cal N} =4$ super Yang-Mills SU(N) theory is expected to exhibit
stringy behavior, anticipated by the 't Hooft genus expansion and the $AdS/CFT$
correspondence. We examine the Bern-Dixon-Smirnov (BDS) conjecture for
$n$-gluon amplitudes in the context of single-Regge and multi-Regge limits and
show that these amplitudes have the expected Regge form in the Euclidean
region.


title: Mg5C60: A stable two dimensional conducting polymer

abstract:
  We present a study on the structural, spectroscopic, conducting and magnetic
properties of Mg5C60, a two dimensional (2D) fulleride polymer. The polymer
phase is stable up to the exceptionally high temperature of 823 K. Infrared and
Raman studies suggest the formation of single bonds between fulleride ions and
possibly Mg - C60 covalent bonds. Mg5C60 is a metal at ambient temperature as
shown by electron spin resonance and microwave conductivity measurements. The
smooth transition from a metallic to a paramagnetic insulator state below 200 K
is attributed to Anderson localization driven by structural disorder.


title: A Unified Quantum SO(3) Invariant for Rational Homology 3-Spheres

abstract:
  Given a rational homology 3-sphere M with the first integral homology of rank
b and a link L inside M, colored by odd numbers, we construct a unified
invariant I_{M,L} belonging to a modification of the Habiro ring where b is
inverted. Our unified invariant dominates the whole set of the SO(3)
Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants of the pair (M,L). If b=1 and L is empty,
I_M coincides with Habiro's invariant of integral homology 3-spheres. For b>1,
the unified invariant defined by the third author is determined by I_M. One of
the applications are the new Ohtsuki series (perturbative expansions of I_M at
roots of unity) dominating all quantum SO(3) invariants.


title:
Exit problems related to the persistence of solitons for the Korteweg-de
  Vries equation with small noise

abstract:
  We consider two exit problems for the Korteweg-de Vries equation perturbed by
an additive white in time and colored in space noise of amplitude a. The
initial datum gives rise to a soliton when a=0. It has been proved recently
that the solution remains in a neighborhood of a randomly modulated soliton for
times at least of the order of a^{-2}. We prove exponential upper and lower
bounds for the small noise limit of the probability that the exit time from a
neighborhood of this randomly modulated soliton is less than T, of the same
order in a and T. We obtain that the time scale is exactly the right one. We
also study the similar probability for the exit from a neighborhood of the
deterministic soliton solution. We are able to quantify the gain of eliminating
the secular modes to better describe the persistence of the soliton.


title: The Sixth VLBA Calibrator Survey: VCS6

abstract:
  This paper presents the sixth part to the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA)
Calibrator Survey. It contains the positions and maps of 264 sources of which
169 were not previously observed with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI).
This survey, based on two 24 hour VLBA observing sessions, was focused on 1)
improving positions of 95 sources from previous VLBA Calibrator surveys that
were observed either with very large a priori position errors or were observed
not long enough to get reliable positions and 2) observing remaining new
flat-spectrum sources with predicted correlated flux density in the range
100-200 mJy that were not observed in previous surveys. Source positions were
derived from astrometric analysis of group delays determined at the 2.3 and 8.6
GHz frequency bands using the Calc/Solve software package. The VCS6 catalogue
of source positions, plots of correlated flux density versus projected baseline
length, contour plots and fits files of naturally weighted CLEAN images, as
well as calibrated visibility function files are available on the Web at
http://vlbi.gsfc.nasa.gov/vcs6


title:
On finite generation of symbolic Rees rings of space monomial curves and
  existence of negative curves

abstract:
  In this paper, we shall study finite generation of symbolic Rees rings of the
defining ideal of the space monomial curves $(t^a, t^b, t^c)$ for pairwise
coprime integers $a$, $b$, $c$ such that $(a,b,c) \neq (1,1,1)$. If such a ring
is not finitely generated over a base field, then it is a counterexample to the
Hilbert's fourteenth problem. Finite generation of such rings is deeply related
to existence of negative curves on certain normal projective surfaces. We study
a sufficient condition (Definition 3.6) for existence of a negative curve.
Using it, we prove that, in the case of $(a+b+c)^2 > abc$, a negative curve
exists. Using a computer, we shall show that there exist examples in which this
sufficient condition is not satisfied.


title: Pulse Period History and Phase Resolved Spectra of 1A 0535+262

abstract:
  The Be/X-ray binary 1A 0535+262 was discovered in 1975 during a giant
outburst. Afterwards it has shown periods of quiescence (flux below 10 mCrab),
normal outbursts (10 mCrab-1Crab) and occasionally giant outbursts (several
Crab). Ending 11 years of quiescence, the last giant outburst took place in
May/June 2005, but the source was too close to the Sun to be observed by most
satellites. A subsequent normal outburst took place in August 2005, which was
observed by INTEGRAL and RXTE TOO observations. Based on INTEGRAL data, we
present results on the long term pulse period history of the source, on their
energy dependent pulse profiles and on phase resolved spectra.


title: Chromospheric features of LQ Hydrae from H-alpha line profiles

abstract:
  We analyze the H-alpha spectral variability of the rapidly-rotating K1-dwarf
LQ Hya using high-resolution H-alpha spectra recorded during April-May 2000.
Chromospheric parameters were computed from the H-alpha profile as a function
of rotational phase. We find that all these parameters vary in phase, with a
higher chromospheric electron density coinciding with the maximum H-alpha
emission. We find a clear rotational modulation of the H-alpha emission that is
better emphasized by subtracting a reference photospheric template built up
with a spectrum of a non-active star of the same spectral type. A geometrical
plage model applied to the H-alpha variation curve allows us to derive the
location of the active regions that come out to be close in longitude to the
most pronounced photospheric spots found with Doppler imaging applied to the
photospheric lines in the same spectra. Our analysis suggests that the H-alpha
features observed in LQ Hya in 2000 are a scaled-up version of the solar plages
as regards dimensions and/or flux contrast. No clear indication of
chromospheric mass motions emerges.


title:
Free-running InGaAs/InP Avalanche Photodiode with Active Quenching for
  Single Photon Counting at Telecom Wavelengths

abstract:
  We present an InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode with an active quenching
circuit on an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) that is capable of
operating in both gated and free-running modes. The 1.6mm2 ASIC chip is
fabricated using CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) technology
guaranteeing long-term stability, reliability and compactness. In the
free-running mode we find a single photon detection efficiency of 10% with
<2kHz of noise.


title: Interaction of single molecules with metallic nanoparticles

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate the interaction between a single molecule and a
metallic nanoparticle. We develop a general quantum mechanical description for
the calculation of the enhancement of radiative and non-radiative decay
channels for a molecule situated in the nearfield regime of the metallic
nanoparticle. Using a boundary element method approach, we compute the
scattering rates for several nanoparticle shapes. We also introduce an
eigenmode expansion and quantization scheme for the surface plasmons, which
allows us to analyze the scattering processes in simple physical terms. An
intuitive explanation is given for the large quantum yield of quasi one- and
two-dimensional nanostructures. Finally, we briefly discuss resonant Foerster
energy transfer in presence of metallic nanoparticles.


title: Sequences of knots and their limits

abstract:
  Hyperfinite knots, or limits of equivalence classes of knots induced by a
knot invariant taking values in a metric space, were introduced in a previous
article by the author. In this article, we present new examples of hyperfinite
knots stemming from sequences of torus knots.


title: A Tribute to Ingram Olkin

abstract:
  It is with pleasure and pride that I introduce this special section in honor
of Ingram Olkin. This tribute is especially fitting because, among the many
profound and far-reaching contributions that he has made to our profession,
Ingram Olkin was the key force behind the genesis of Statistical Science. As
put so eloquently by Morrie DeGroot [1], the founding Executive Editor of
Statistical Science.


title: Mesoscopic Fluctuations of the Pairing Gap

abstract:
  A description of mesoscopic fluctuations of the pairing gap in finite-sized
quantum systems based on periodic orbit theory is presented. The size of the
fluctuations are found to depend on quite general properties. We distinguish
between systems where corresponding classical motion is regular or chaotic, and
describe in detail fluctuations of the BCS gap as a function of the size of the
system. The theory is applied to different mesoscopic systems: atomic nuclei,
metallic grains, and ultracold fermionic gases. We also present a detailed
description of pairing gap variation with particle number for nuclei based on a
deformed cavity potential.


title: Classification of certain cellular classes of chain complexes

abstract:
  Let (R, m) be a local commutative ring. Suppose that m is principal and that
m^2 = 0. We give a complete description of the cellular lattice of perfect
chain complexes of modules over this ring.


title:
Average Properties of a Large Sample of z_abs ~ z_em associated Mg II
  Absorption Line Systems

abstract:
  We have studied a sample of 415 associated (z_ab z_em; relative velocity with
respect to QSO <3000km/s) Mg II absorption systems with 1.0<=z_ab<=1.86, in the
spectra of SDSS DR3 QSOs, to determine the dust content and ionization state in
the absorbers. We studied the dependence of these properties on the properties
of the QSOs and also, compared the properties with those of a similarly
selected sample of 809 intervening systems (apparent relative velocity with
respect to the QSO of >3000km/s), so as to understand their origin. From the
analysis of the composite spectra, as well as from the comparison of measured
equivalent widths in individual spectra, we conclude that the associated Mg II
absorbers have higher apparent ionization, measured by the strength of the C IV
absorption lines compared to the Mg II absorption lines, than the intervening
absorbers. The ionization so measured appears to be related to apparent
ejection velocity, being lower as the apparent ejection velocity is more and
more positive. There is clear evidence, from the composite spectra, for SMC
like dust attenuation in these systems; the 2175AA absorption feature is not
present. The extinction is almost twice that observed in the similarly selected
sample of intervening systems. We reconfirm that QSOs with non-zero FIRST radio
flux are intrinsically redder than the QSOs with no detection in the FIRST
survey. The incidence of associated Mg II systems in QSOs with non-zero FIRST
radio flux is 1.7 times that in the QSOs with no detection in the FIRST survey.
The associated absorbers in radio-detected QSOs which comprise about 12% of our
sample, cause 3 times more reddening than the associated absorbers in
radio-undetected QSOs. This excess reddening possibly suggests an intrinsic
nature for the associated absorbers in radio-detected QSOs.


title:
Energy Calibration of b-Quark Jets with Z->b-bbar Decays at the Tevatron
  Collider

abstract:
  The energy measurement of jets produced by b-quarks at hadron colliders
suffers from biases due to the peculiarities of the hadronization and decay of
the originating B hadron. The impact of these effects can be estimated by
reconstructing the mass of Z boson decays into pairs of b-quark jets. From a
sample of 584 pb-1 of data collected by the CDF experiment in 1.96 TeV
proton-antiproton collisions at the Tevatron collider, we show how the Z signal
can be identified and measured. Using the reconstructed mass of Z candidates we
determine a jet energy scale factor for b-quark jets with a precision better
than 2%. This measurement allows a reduction of one of the dominant source of
uncertainty in analyses based on high transverse momentum b-quark jets. We also
determine, as a cross-check of our analysis, the Z boson cross section in
hadronic collisions using the b-bbar final state as sigma x B(Z->b-bbar) = 1578
+636 -410 pb.


title:
Triple Higgs boson production at the ILC within a generic
  Two-Higgs-Doublet Model

abstract:
  We present a study of triple Higgs boson (3H) production at the International
Linear Collider (ILC) within the general Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM). We
compute the production cross-sections at the leading-order for the 3H final
states and find values up to sigma ~ 0.1 pb. This result represents a large
enhancement with respect to the corresponding MSSM cross-sections, which stay
typically at the level of sigma ~ 10^(-6) pb or less. Furthermore, since the 3H
cross-sections in the general 2HDM can be of the order of the double Higgs
production cross-sections, such 3H processes could be a competitive (if not the
dominant) mechanism for Higgs boson production at the ILC. In practice, these
3H events could be identified through the tagging of 6 heavy-quark jet final
states and, in this case, they would provide strong evidence of an extended
Higgs boson sector -- likely of non-supersymmetric nature.


title:
Encoding changing country codes for the Semantic Web with ISO 3166 and
  SKOS

abstract:
  This paper shows how authority files can be encoded for the Semantic Web with
the Simple Knowledge Organisation System (SKOS). In particular the application
of SKOS for encoding the structure, management, and utilization of country
codes as defined in ISO 3166 is demonstrated. The proposed encoding gives a use
case for SKOS that includes features that have only been discussed little so
far, such as multiple notations, nested concept schemes, changes by versioning.


title:
Parafermions, parabosons and representations of so(\infty) and
  osp(1|\infty)

abstract:
  The goal of this paper is to give an explicit construction of the Fock spaces
of the parafermion and the paraboson algebra, for an infinite set of
generators. This is equivalent to constructing certain unitary irreducible
lowest weight representations of the (infinite rank) Lie algebra so(\infty) and
of the Lie superalgebra osp(1|\infty). A complete solution to the problem is
presented, in which the Fock spaces have basis vectors labelled by certain
infinite but stable Gelfand-Zetlin patterns, and the transformation of the
basis is given explicitly. We also present expressions for the character of the
Fock space representations.

categories: hep-th math-ph math.GR math.MP math.RT quant-ph


title:
On the relationship between a giant radio galaxy MSH 05-22 and the
  ambient large-scale galaxy structure

abstract:
  We present a comparison of the properties of a giant radio galaxy and the
ambient intergalactic medium, whose properties are inferred from the
large-scale distribution in galaxies. The double lobes of the radio galaxy MSH
05-22 are giant--1.8 Mpc projected linear size--and interacting with the
environment outside the interstellar medium and coronal halo associated with
the host galaxy. The radio lobes appear to be relicts and the double structure
is asymmetric. We have examined the large-scale structure in the galaxy
distribution surrounding the radio source. The host galaxy of MSH 05-22 is
associated with a small group that lies close to the boundary of sheet-like and
filamentary density enhancements, and adjacent to a void. Assuming that the
galaxies trace gas, the asymmetries in the radio morphology in this case study
appear related to the anisotropy in the medium. However, the observed
overdensities and structure formation models for the heating of the
intergalactic medium (IGM) suggest a density-temperature product for the IGM
environment that is an order of magnitude below that expected from the
properties of the radio source. The discordance suggests that even sources like
MSH 05-22, which are observed in the relatively low-density IGM environment
associated with the filamentary large-scale structure and have multiple
signatures of being relicts, may be overpressured and evolving towards an
equilibrium relaxed state with the ambient IGM. Alternately, it is speculated
that astrophysical feedback originating in galaxy overdensities observed 1-2
Mpc to the N and NE of MSH 05-22 might be the mechanism for the heating of the
ambient IGM gas.


title:
The derivations, central extensions and automorphism group of the Lie
  algebra $W$

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the derivations, central extensions and the
automorphisms of the infinite-dimensional Lie algebra W which appeared in [8]
and Dong-Zhang's recent work [22] on the classification of some simple vertex
operator algebras.


title: On the Continuity Set of an omega Rational Function

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the continuity of rational functions realized by
B\"uchi finite state transducers. It has been shown by Prieur that it can be
decided whether such a function is continuous. We prove here that surprisingly,
it cannot be decided whether such a function F has at least one point of
continuity and that its continuity set C(F) cannot be computed. In the case of
a synchronous rational function, we show that its continuity set is rational
and that it can be computed. Furthermore we prove that any rational
Pi^0_2-subset of X^omega for some alphabet X is the continuity set C(F) of an
omega-rational synchronous function F defined on X^omega.


title: Poisson -- Boltzmann Brownian Dynamics of Charged Colloids in Suspension

abstract:
  We describe a method to simulate the dynamics of charged colloidal particles
suspended in a liquid containing dissociated ions and salt ions. Regimes of
prime current interest are those of large volume fraction of colloids, highly
charged particles and low salt concentrations. A description which is tractable
under these conditions is obtained by treating the small dissociated and salt
ions as continuous fields, while keeping the colloidal macroions as discrete
particles. For each spatial configuration of the macroions, the electrostatic
potential arising from all charges in the system is determined by solving the
nonlinear Poisson--Boltzmann equation. From the electrostatic potential, the
forces acting on the macroions are calculated and used in a Brownian dynamics
simulation to obtain the motion of the latter. The method is validated by
comparison to known results in a parameter regime where the effective
interaction between the macroions is of a pairwise Yukawa form.


title:
Equivalent electric circuit of a carbon nanotube based molecular
  conductor

abstract:
  We apply our first-principles method to simulate the transient electrical
response through carbon nanotube based conductors under time-dependent bias
voltages, and report the dynamic conductance for a specific system. We find
that the electrical response of the carbon nanotube device can be mapped onto
an equivalent classical electric circuit. This is confirmed by studying the
electric response of a simple model system and its equivalent circuit.


title: Event-plane flow analysis without non-flow effects

abstract:
  The event-plane method, which is widely used to analyze anisotropic flow in
nucleus-nucleus collisions, is known to be biased by nonflow effects,especially
at high $p_t$. Various methods (cumulants, Lee-Yang zeroes) have been proposed
to eliminate nonflow effects, but their implementation is tedious, which has
limited their application so far. In this paper, we show that the
Lee-Yang-zeroes method can be recast in a form similar to the standard
event-plane analysis. Nonflow correlations are strongly suppressed by using the
information from the length of the flow vector, in addition to the event-plane
angle. This opens the way to improved analyses of elliptic flow and
azimuthally-sensitive observables at RHIC and LHC.


title: Many-body interactions and melting of colloidal crystals

abstract:
  We study the melting behavior of charged colloidal crystals, using a
simulation technique that combines a continuous mean-field Poisson-Boltzmann
description for the microscopic electrolyte ions with a Brownian-dynamics
simulation for the mesoscopic colloids. This technique ensures that many-body
interactions between the colloids are fully taken into account, and thus allows
us to investigate how many-body interactions affect the solid-liquid phase
behavior of charged colloids. Using the Lindemann criterion, we determine the
melting line in a phase-diagram spanned by the colloidal charge and the salt
concentration. We compare our results to predictions based on the established
description of colloidal suspensions in terms of pairwise additive Yukawa
potentials, and find good agreement at high-salt, but not at low-salt
concentration. Analyzing the effective pair-interaction between two colloids in
a crystalline environment, we demonstrate that the difference in the melting
behavior observed at low salt is due to many-body interactions.


title: Direct measurement of three-body interactions

abstract:
  Three-body interactions have been measured among three charged colloidal
particles in deionized solvent. Two of the particles have been confined to an
optical line-trap while the third one was approached by means of a focused
laser beam. The experimentally determined three-body interactions are
attractive and roughly of the same magnitude and range as the
pair-interactions. In addition, numerical calculations have been performed,
which show good agreement with the experimental results.


title:
On large intersection and self-intersection local times in dimension
  five or more

abstract:
  We show a remarkable similarity between strategies to realize a large
intersection or self-intersection local times in dimension five or more. This
leads to the same rate functional for large deviation principles for the two
objects obtained respectively by Chen and Morters, and by the present author.
We also present a new estimate for the distribution of high level sets for a
random walk, with application to the geometry of the intersection set of two
high level sets of the local times of two independent random walks.


title:
Quasiparticle poisoning and Josephson current fluctuations induced by
  Kondo impurities

abstract:
  We introduce a toy model that allows us to study the physical properties of a
spin impurity coupled to the electrons in the superconducting island. We show
that when the coupling of the spin is of the order of the superconducting gap
two almost degenerate subgap states are formed. By computing the Berry phase
that is associated with the superconducting phase rotations in this model, we
prove that these subgap states are characterized by a different charge and
demonstrate that the switching between these states has the same effect as
quasiparticle poisoning (unpoisoning) of the island. We also show that an
impurity coupled to both the island and the lead generates Josepshon current
fluctuations.


title: Three- and four-body interactions in colloidal systems

abstract:
  Three-body and four-body interactions have been directly measured in a
colloidal system comprised of three (or four) charged colloidal particles. Two
of the particles have been confined by means of a scanned laser tweezers to a
line-shaped optical trap where they diffused due to thermal fluctuations. By
means of an additional focused optical trap a third particle has been
approached and attractive three-body interactions have been observed. These
observations are in qualitative agreement with additionally performed nonlinear
Poissson-Boltzmann calculations. Two configurations of four particles have been
studied experimentally as well and in both cases a repulsive four-body
interaction term has been observed.


title: The Fundamental Crossed Module of the Complement of a Knotted Surface

abstract:
  We prove that if $M$ is a CW-complex and $M^1$ is its 1-skeleton then the
crossed module $\Pi_2(M,M^1)$ depends only on the homotopy type of $M$ as a
space, up to free products, in the category of crossed modules, with
$\Pi_2(D^2,S^1)$. From this it follows that, if $G$ is a finite crossed module
and $M$ is finite, then the number of crossed module morphisms $\Pi_2(M,M^1)
\to G$ can be re-scaled to a homotopy invariant $I_G(M)$, depending only on the
homotopy 2-type of $M$. We describe an algorithm for calculating
$\pi_2(M,M^{(1)})$ as a crossed module over $\pi_1(M^{(1)})$, in the case when
$M$ is the complement of a knotted surface $\Sigma$ in $S^4$ and $M^{(1)}$ is
the handlebody made from the 0- and 1-handles of a handle decomposition of $M$.
Here $\Sigma$ is presented by a knot with bands. This in particular gives us a
geometric method for calculating the algebraic 2-type of the complement of a
knotted surface from a hyperbolic splitting of it. We prove in addition that
the invariant $I_G$ yields a non-trivial invariant of knotted surfaces in $S^4$
with good properties with regards to explicit calculations.


title: Three-body interactions in colloidal systems

abstract:
  We present the first direct measurement of three-body interactions in a
colloidal system comprised of three charged colloidal particles. Two of the
particles have been confined by means of a scanned laser tweezers to a
line-shaped optical trap where they diffused due to thermal fluctuations. Upon
the approach of a third particle, attractive three-body interactions have been
observed. The results are in qualitative agreement with additionally performed
nonlinear Poissson-Boltzmann calculations, which also allow us to investigate
the microionic density distributions in the neighborhood of the interacting
colloidal particles.


title: Global dynamics of coupled standard maps

abstract:
  Understanding the dynamics of multi--dimensional conservative dynamical
systems (Hamiltonian flows or symplectic maps) is a fundamental issue of
non-linear science. The Generalized ALignment Index (GALI), which was recently
introduced and applied successfully for the distinction between regular and
chaotic motion in Hamiltonian systems \cite{sk:6}, is an ideal tool for this
purpose. In the present paper we make a first step towards the dynamical study
of multi--dimensional maps, by obtaining some interesting results for a
4--dimensional (4D) symplectic map consisting of N=2 coupled standard maps
\cite{Kan:1}. In particular, using the new GALI$_3$ and GALI$_4$ indices, we
compute the percentages of regular and chaotic motion of the map equally
reliably but much faster than previously used indices, like GALI$_2$ (known in
the literature as SALI).


title: Increased security through open source

abstract:
  In this paper we discuss the impact of open source on both the security and
transparency of a software system. We focus on the more technical aspects of
this issue, combining and extending arguments developed over the years. We
stress that our discussion of the problem only applies to software for general
purpose computing systems. For embedded systems, where the software usually
cannot easily be patched or upgraded, different considerations may apply.


title:
Global well-posedness and scattering for the mass-critical Hartree
  equation with radial data

abstract:
  We establish global well-posedness and scattering for solutions to the
mass-critical nonlinear Hartree equation $iu_t+\Delta u=\pm(|x|^{-2}*|u|^2)u$
for large spherically symmetric $L^2_x(\Bbb{R}^d)$ initial data; in the
focusing case we require, of course, that the mass is strictly less than that
of the ground state.


title:
On the Weight Distribution of the Extended Quadratic Residue Code of
  Prime 137

abstract:
  The Hamming weight enumerator function of the formally self-dual even, binary
extended quadratic residue code of prime p = 8m + 1 is given by Gleason's
theorem for singly-even code. Using this theorem, the Hamming weight
distribution of the extended quadratic residue is completely determined once
the number of codewords of Hamming weight j A_j, for 0 <= j <= 2m, are known.
The smallest prime for which the Hamming weight distribution of the
corresponding extended quadratic residue code is unknown is 137. It is shown in
this paper that, for p=137 A_2m = A_34 may be obtained with out the need of
exhaustive codeword enumeration. After the remainder of A_j required by
Gleason's theorem are computed and independently verified using their
congruences, the Hamming weight distributions of the binary augmented and
extended quadratic residue codes of prime 137 are derived.


title: The Pre-Main-Sequence Eclipsing Binary ASAS J052821+0338.5

abstract:
  In this paper we present the first results of a detailed spectroscopic and
photometric analysis of the V = 11.7m eclipsing binary ASAS J052821+0338.5.
With the FIES spectrograph at the Nordic Optical Telescope we have obtained a
series of high-resolution spectra (R=47000) covering the entire orbit of the
system. In addition we obtained simultaneous broadband photometry from three
small aperture telescopes. From these spectroscopic and photometric data we
have derived the system's orbital parameters and determined the fundamental
stellar parameters of the two components. Our results indicate that ASAS
J052821+0338.5 is a K1/K3 pre-main-sequence eclipsing binary, with component
masses of 1.38 M_sun and 1.33 M_sun and a period of 3.87 days, located at a
distance of 280 +/- 30 pc. The kinematics, physical location and the
evolutionary status of the two stars suggest that ASAS J052821+0338.5 is a
member of the approximately 11 Myr old Orion OB1a subassociation. The systems
also exhibits smooth 0.15m out-of-eclipse variations that are similar to those
found in RS CVn binaries. Furthermore the parameters we derived are consistent
with the 10-13 Myr isochrones of the popular Baraffe stellar evolutionary
models.


title:
Constraints on the lepton asymmetry and radiation energy density:
  Implications for PLANCK

abstract:
  By using most of the present CMB and LSS measurements and the BBN constraints
on the primordial helium abundance, Y_p, we set bounds on the radiation content
of the Universe and neutrino properties. We consider lepton asymmetric
cosmological models parametrized by the neutrino degeneracy parameter \xi_{\nu}
and the variation of the relativistic degrees of freedom, \Delta N_{oth}^{eff},
due to possible other physical processes that occurred between BBN and
structure formation epoch. We found that present CMB and LSS data constraints
the neutrino degeneracy parameter at \xi_{\nu} \leq 0.722, implying a lepton
asymmetry of the neutrino background {\cal L}_{\nu} \leq 0.614 (2-\sigma). We
also found \Delta N^{eff}_{oth}=0.572^{+1.972}_{-1.780}, the contribution to
the effective number of relativistic neutrino species
N^{eff}=3.058^{+1.971}_{-1.178} and a primordial helium abundance
Y_p=0.249^{+0.014}_{-0.016} (2-\sigma errors). These results bring an important
improvement over the similar ones obtained by using WMAP~1-year and older LSS
data or the WMAP~3-year data alone and the standard primordial helium abundance
value Y_p=0.24, relaxing the stringent BBN constraint on the neutrino
degeneracy parameter (\xi_{\nu} \leq 0.07). We forecast that the CMB
temperature and polarization maps observed with high angular resolutions and
sensitivity by the future Planck Mission will constraint the primordial
primordial helium abundance at Y_p=0.247 \pm 0.002 (2-\sigma errors) in
agreement with the most stringent limits on Y_p given by the BBN and the
neutrino degeneracy parameter at \xi_{\nu} \leq 0.280 (2-\sigma), not excluding
the possibility of larger lepton asymmetry. This work has been done on behalf
of Planck-LFI activities.


title: On the universal enveloping algebra of a Lie-Rinehart algebra

abstract:
  We review the extent to which the universal enveloping algebra of a
Lie-Rinehart algebra resembles a Hopf algebra, and refer to this structure as a
Rinehart bialgebra. We then prove a Cartier-Milnor-Moore type theorem for such
Rinehart bialgebras.


title: Crossing Borders: Security and Privacy Issues of the European e-Passport

abstract:
  The first generation of European e-passports will be issued in 2006. We
discuss how borders are crossed regarding the security and privacy erosion of
the proposed schemes, and show which borders need to be crossed to improve the
security and the privacy protection of the next generation of e-passports. In
particular we discuss attacks on Basic Access Control due to the low entropy of
the data from which the access keys are derived, we sketch the European
proposals for Extended Access Control and the weaknesses in that scheme, and
show how fundamentally different design decisions can make e-passports more
secure.


title: Dynamical study of 2D and 3D barred galaxy models

abstract:
  We study the dynamics of 2D and 3D barred galaxy analytical models, focusing
on the distinction between regular and chaotic orbits with the help of the
Smaller ALigment Index (SALI), a very powerful tool for this kind of problems.
We present briefly the method and we calculate the fraction of chaotic and
regular orbits in several cases. In the 2D model, taking initial conditions on
a Poincar\'{e} $(y,p_y)$ surface of section, we determine the fraction of
regular and chaotic orbits. In the 3D model, choosing initial conditions on a
cartesian grid in a region of the $(x, z, p_y)$ space, which in coordinate
space covers the inner disc, we find how the fraction of regular orbits changes
as a function of the Jacobi constant. Finally, we outline that regions near the
$(x,y)$ plane are populated mainly by regular orbits. The same is true for
regions that lie either near to the galactic center, or at larger relatively
distances from it.


title:
Irreducible Multiplets of Three-Quark Operators on the Lattice:
  Controlling Mixing under Renormalization

abstract:
  High luminosity accelerators have greatly increased the interest in
semi-exclusive and exclusive reactions involving nucleons. The relevant
theoretical information is contained in the nucleon wavefunction and can be
parametrized by moments of the nucleon distribution amplitudes, which in turn
are linked to matrix elements of three-quark operators. These can be calculated
from first principles in lattice QCD. However, on the lattice the problems of
operator mixing under renormalization are rather involved. In a systematic
approach we investigate this issue in depth. Using the spinorial symmetry group
of the hypercubic lattice we derive irreducibly transforming three-quark
operators, which allow us to control the mixing pattern.


title: Voltage-Controlled Berry Phases in Two Coupled Quantum Dots

abstract:
  The voltage-controlled Berry phases in two vertically coupled InGaAs/GaAs
quantum dots are investigated theoretically. It is found that Berry phases can
be changed dramatically from 0 to 2$\pi$ (or 2$\pi$ to 0) only simply by
turning the external voltage. Under realistic conditions, as the tunneling is
varied from $0.8eV$ to $0.9eV$ via a bias voltage, the Berry phases are altered
obviously, which can be detected in an interference experiment. The scheme is
expected to be useful in constructing quantum computation based on geometric
phases in an asymmetrical double quantum dot controlled by voltage.


title:
Ferromagnetism and Kondo Insulator Behavior in the Disordered Periodic
  Anderson Model

abstract:
  The effect of binary alloy disorder on the ferromagnetic phases of f-electron
materials is studied within the periodic Anderson model. We find that disorder
in the conduction band can drastically enhance the Curie temperature due to an
increase of the local f-moment. The effect may be explained qualitatively and
even quantitatively by a simple theoretical ansatz. The emergence of an alloy
Kondo insulator at non-integer filling is also pointed out.


title:
Montonic convergent optimal control theory to modulate bandwidth limited
  laser pulses in linear and non-linear optical processes

abstract:
  We present a modified optimal control scheme based on the Krotov method,
which allows for strict limitations on the spectrum of the optimized laser
fields, without losing monotonic convergence of the algorithm. The method
guarantees a close link to learning loop control experiments and is
demonstrated for the challenging control of non-resonant Raman transitions,
which are used to implement a set of global quantum gates for molecular
vibrational qubits.


title: The countable Telescope Conjecture for module categories

abstract:
  By the Telescope Conjecture for Module Categories, we mean the following
claim: "Let R be any ring and (A, B) be a hereditary cotorsion pair in Mod-R
with A and B closed under direct limits. Then (A, B) is of finite type."
  We prove a modification of this conjecture with the word 'finite' replaced by
'countable'. We show that a hereditary cotorsion pair (A, B) of modules over an
arbitrary ring R is generated by a set of strongly countably presented modules
provided that B is closed under unions of well-ordered chains. We also
characterize the modules in B and the countably presented modules in A in terms
of morphisms between finitely presented modules, and show that (A, B) is
cogenerated by a single pure-injective module provided that A is closed under
direct limits. Then we move our attention to strong analogies between cotorsion
pairs in module categories and localizing pairs in compactly generated
triangulated categories.


title: Density matrix renormalization group approach of the spin-boson model

abstract:
  We propose a density matrix renormalization group approach to tackle a
two-state system coupled to a bosonic bath with continuous spectrum. In this
approach, the optimized phonon scheme is applied to several hundred phonon
modes which are divided linearly among the spectrum. Although DMRG cannot
resolve very small energy scales, the delocalized-localized transition points
of the two-state system are extracted by the extrapolation of the flow diagram
results. The phase diagram is compared with the numerical renormalization group
results and shows good agreement in both Ohmic and sub-Ohmic cases.


title: Sound waves and solitons in hot and dense nuclear matter

abstract:
  Assuming that nuclear matter can be treated as a perfect fluid, we study the
propagation of perturbations in the baryon density. The equation of state is
derived from a relativistic mean field model, which is a variant of the
non-linear Walecka model. The expansion of the Euler and continuity equations
of relativistic hydrodynamics around equilibrium configurations leads to
differential equations for the density fluctuations. We solve them numerically
for linear and spherical perturbations and follow the time evolution of the
initial pulses. For linear perturbations we find single soliton solutions and
solutions with one or more solitons followed by radiation. Depending on the
equation of state a strong damping may occur. Spherical perturbations are
strongly damped and almost do not propagate. We study these equations also for
matter at finite temperature. Finally we consider the limiting case of shock
wave formation.


title: Special values of L-functions and false Tate curve extensions II

abstract:
  In this paper we show how one can combine the p-adic Rankin-Selberg product
construction of Hida with freeness results of Hecke modules of Wiles to
establish interesting congruences between special values of L-functions. These
congruences is a part of some deep conjectural congruences that follow from the
work of Kato on the non-commutative Iwasawa theory of the false Tate curve
extension.


title:
Topological change and impedance spectrum of rat olfactory receptor I7:
  A comparative analysis with bovine rhodopsin and bacterior

abstract:
  We present a theoretical investigation on possible selection of olfactory
receptors (ORs) as sensing components of nanobiosensors. Accordingly, we
generate the impedance spectra of the rat OR I7 in the native and activated
state and analyze their differences. In this way, we connect the protein
morphological transformation, caused by the sensing action, with its change of
electrical impedance. The results are compared with those obtained by studying
the best known protein of the GPCR family: bovine rhodopsin. Our investigations
indicate that a change in morphology goes with a change in impedance spectrum
mostly associated with a decrease of the static impedance up to about 60 % of
the initial value, in qualitative agreement with existing experiments on rat OR
I7. The predictiveness of the model is tested successfully for the case of
recent experiments on bacteriorhodopsin. The present results point to a
promising development of a new class of nanobiosensors based on the electrical
properties of GPCR and other sensing proteins.


title: How do binaries affect the derived dynamical mass of a star cluster?

abstract:
  The dynamical mass of a star cluster can be derived from the virial theorem,
using the measured half-mass radius and line-of-sight velocity dispersion of
the cluster. However, this dynamical mass may be a significant overestimation
of the cluster mass if the contribution of the binary orbital motion is not
taken into account. In these proceedings we describe the mass overestimation as
a function of cluster properties and binary population properties, and briefly
touch the issue of selection effects. We find that for clusters with a measured
velocity dispersion of sigma > 10 km/s the presence of binaries does not affect
the dynamical mass significantly. For clusters with sigma < 1 km/s (i.e.,
low-density clusters), the contribution of binaries to sigma is significant,
and may result in a major dynamical mass overestimation. The presence of
binaries may introduce a downward shift of Delta log(L/Mdyn) = 0.05-0.4 in the
log(L/Mdyn) vs. age diagram.


title: Ghost Condensate Busting

abstract:
  Applying the Thomas-Fermi approximation to renormalizable field theories, we
construct ghost condensation models that are free of the instabilities
associated with violations of the null-energy condition.


title: Systems of energy emitting bodies and their properties

abstract:
  Proposed is system of consistent mathematical models describing physical laws
of a system of energy emitting bodies in dynamics, relativity and nuclear
physics. It is shown the use of developed models for the description of
systems, consisting of stable as well as of radioactive bodies and permitting
to improve the quality of predicting the binding energy of light stable
nuclides using modified semi-empirical equation. Experimental verification of
proposed approach with respect to some nuclei of the Periodic Table elements in
the first approximation confirms its validity.


title:
An algebraic characterization of simple closed curves on surfaces with
  boundary

abstract:
  We characterize in terms of the Goldman Lie algebra which conjugacy classes
in the fundamental group of a surface with non empty boundary are represented
by simple closed curves. We prove the following: A non power conjugacy class X
contains an embedded representative if and only if the Goldman Lie bracket of X
with the third power of X is zero. The proof uses combinatorial group theory
and Chas' combinatorial description of the bracket recast here in terms of an
exposition of the Cohen-Lustig algorithm. Using results of Ivanov, Korkmaz and
Luo there are corollaries characterizing which permutations of conjugacy
classes are related to diffeomorphisms of the surfaces. The problem is
motivated by a group theoretical statement from the sixties equivalent to the
Poincare conjecture due to Jaco and Stallings and by a question of Turaev from
the eighties. Our main theorem actually counts the minimal possible number of
self-intersection points of representatives of a conjugacy class X in terms of
the bracket of X with the third power of X.


title:
On the remarkable relations among PDEs integrable by the inverse
  spectral transform method, by the method of characteristics and by the
  Hopf-Cole transformation

abstract:
  We establish deep and remarkable connections among partial differential
equations (PDEs) integrable by different methods: the inverse spectral
transform method, the method of characteristics and the Hopf-Cole
transformation. More concretely, 1) we show that the integrability properties
(Lax pair, infinitely-many commuting symmetries, large classes of analytic
solutions) of (2+1)-dimensional PDEs integrable by the Inverse Scattering
Transform method ($S$-integrable) can be generated by the integrability
properties of the (1+1)-dimensional matrix B\"urgers hierarchy, integrable by
the matrix Hopf-Cole transformation ($C$-integrable). 2) We show that the
integrability properties i) of $S$-integrable PDEs in (1+1)-dimensions, ii) of
the multidimensional generalizations of the $GL(M,\CC)$ self-dual Yang Mills
equations, and iii) of the multidimensional Calogero equations can be generated
by the integrability properties of a recently introduced multidimensional
matrix equation solvable by the method of characteristics. To establish the
above links, we consider a block Frobenius matrix reduction of the relevant
matrix fields, leading to integrable chains of matrix equations for the blocks
of such a Frobenius matrix, followed by a systematic elimination procedure of
some of these blocks. The construction of large classes of solutions of the
soliton equations from solutions of the matrix B\"urgers hierarchy turns out to
be intimately related to the construction of solutions in Sato theory. 3) We
finally show that suitable generalizations of the block Frobenius matrix
reduction of the matrix B\"urgers hierarchy generates PDEs exhibiting
integrability properties in common with both $S$- and $C$- integrable
equations.


title: A refined version of the Lang-Trotter Conjecture

abstract:
  Let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over the rational numbers and $r$ a
fixed integer. Using a probabilistic model consistent with the Chebotarev
theorem for the division fields of $E$ and the Sato-Tate distribution, Lang and
Trotter conjectured an asymptotic formula for the number of primes up to $x$
which have Frobenius trace equal to $r$, where $r$ is a {\it fixed} integer.
However, as shown in this note, this asymptotic estimate cannot hold for {\it
all} $r$ in the interval $|r|\le 2\sqrt{x}$ with a uniform bound for the error
term, because an estimate of this kind would contradict the Chebotarev density
theorem as well as the Sato-Tate conjecture.
  The purpose of this note is to refine the Lang-Trotter conjecture, by taking
into account the "semicircular law", to an asymptotic formula that
conjecturally holds for arbitrary integers $r$ in the interval $|r|\le
2\sqrt{x}$, with a uniform error term. We demonstrate consistency of our
refinement with the Chebotarev theorem for a fixed division field, and with the
Sato-Tate conjecture. We also present numerical evidence for the refined
conjecture.


title:
Amplitude and Frequency Spectrum of Thermal Fluctuations of A
  Translocating RNA Molecule

abstract:
  Using a combination of theory and computer simulations, we study the
translocation of an RNA molecule, pulled through a solid-state nanopore by an
optical tweezer, as a method to determine its secondary structure. The
resolution with which the elements of the secondary structure can be determined
is limited by thermal fluctuations. We present a detailed study of these
thermal fluctuations, including the frequency spectrum, and show that these
rule out single-nucleotide resolution under the experimental conditions which
we simulated. Two possible ways to improve this resolution are strong
stretching of the RNA with a back-pulling voltage across the membrane, and
stiffening of the translocated part of the RNA by biochemical means.

categories: cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.soft physics.bio-ph q-bio.BM


title:
Impact of Electric Current Fluctuations Arising from Power Supplies on
  Charged-Particle Beams

abstract:
  Electric current fluctuations are one type of unavoidable machine
imperfections,and induce magnetic-field perturbations as a source of
instabilities in accelerators. This paper presents measurement-based
methodology of modeling the fluctuating electric current arising from the power
system of Fermilab's Booster synchrotron to discuss the ramifications of the
presence of ripple current and space-charge defocusing effects. We also present
the method of generating stochastic noise and the measurement and analysis
methods of ripple current and offending electromagnetic interferences residing
in the Booster power system. This stochastic noise model, accompanied by a
suite of beam diagnostic calculations, manifests that the fluctuating
power-supply current, when coupled to space charge and impinging upon a beam,
can substantially enhance beam degradation phenomena--such as emittance growth
and halo formation--during the Booster injection period. With idealized and
uniform charge-density distribution, fractional growth of rms emittances due to
ripple current under space charge turn out to be about 8 ~ 9 % in both
transverse planes over the injection period of 2.2 ms prior to beam
acceleration.


title: On NS5-brane instantons and volume stabilization

abstract:
  We study general aspects of NS5-brane instantons in relation to the
stabilization of the volume modulus in Calabi-Yau compactifications of type II
strings with fluxes, and their orientifold versions. These instantons correct
the Kahler potential and generically yield significant contributions to the
scalar potential at intermediate values of string coupling constant and volume.
Under suitable conditions they yield uplifting terms that allow for
meta--stable de Sitter vacua.


title: Filamentation instability in a quantum magnetized plasma

abstract:
  The filamentation instability occurring when a non relativistic electron beam
passes through a quantum magnetized plasma is investigated by means of a cold
quantum magnetohydrodynamic model. It is proved that the instability can be
completely suppressed by quantum effects if and only if a finite magnetic field
is present. A dimensionless parameter is identified which measures the strength
of quantum effects. Strong quantum effects allow for a much smaller magnetic
field to suppress the instability than in the classical regime.


title: Symbolic dynamics for the geodesic flow on Hecke surfaces

abstract:
  In this paper we discuss a coding and the associated symbolic dynamics for
the geodesic flow on Hecke triangle surfaces. We construct an explicit cross
section for which the first return map factors through a simple (explicit) map
given in terms of the generating map of a particular continued fraction
expansion closely related to the Hecke triangle groups. We also obtain explicit
expressions for the associated first return times.


title: The Central Component of Gravitational Lens Q0957+561

abstract:
  In 1981, a faint radio source (G') was detected near the center of the
lensing galaxy of the famous "twin quasar" Q0957+561. It is still unknown
whether this central radio source is a third quasar image or an active nucleus
of the lensing galaxy, or a combination of both. In an attempt to resolve this
ambiguity, we observed Q0957+561 at radio wavelengths of 13cm, 18cm, and 21cm,
using the Very Long Baseline Array in combination with the phased Very Large
Array and the Green Bank Telescope. We measured the spectrum of G' for the
first time and found it to be significantly different from the spectra of the
two bright quasar images. This finding suggests that the central component is
primarily or entirely emission from the foreground lens galaxy, but the
spectrum is also consistent with the hypothesis of a central quasar image
suffering free-free absorption. In addition, we confirm the previously-reported
VLBI position of G' just north of the optical center of the lens galaxy. The
position slightly favors the hypothesis that G' originates in the lens, but is
not conclusive. We discuss the prospects for further clarification of this
issue.


title: Semisimple torsion in groups of finite Morley rank

abstract:
  We prove several results about groups of finite Morley rank without unipotent
p-torsion: p-torsion always occurs inside tori, Sylow p-subgroups are
conjugate, and p is not the minimal prime divisor of our approximation to the
``Weyl group.'' These results are quickly finding extensive applications within
the classification project.


title: Stability of multi-electron bubbles in liquid helium

abstract:
  The stability of multi-electron bubbles in liquid helium is investigated
theoretically. We find that multi-electron bubbles are unstable against fission
whenever the pressure is positive. It is shown that for moving bubbles the
Bernoulli effect can result in a range of pressures over which the bubbles are
stable.


title: A-twisted heterotic Landau-Ginzburg models

abstract:
  In this paper, we apply the methods developed in recent work for constructing
A-twisted (2,2) Landau-Ginzburg models to analogous (0,2) models. In
particular, we study (0,2) Landau-Ginzburg models on topologically non-trivial
spaces away from large-radius limits, where one expects to find correlation
function contributions akin to (2,2) curve corrections. Such heterotic theories
admit A- and B-model twists, and exhibit a duality that simultaneously
exchanges the twists and dualizes the gauge bundle. We explore how this duality
operates in heterotic Landau-Ginzburg models, as well as other properties of
these theories, using examples which RG flow to heterotic nonlinear sigma
models as checks on our methods.


title:
Optimal values of rovibronic energy levels for triplet electronic states
  of molecular deuterium

abstract:
  Optimal set of 1050 rovibronic energy levels for 35 triplet electronic states
of $D_2$ has been obtained by means of a statistical analysis of all available
wavenumbers of triplet-triplet rovibronic transitions studied in emission,
absorption, laser and anticrossing spectroscopic experiments of various
authors. We used a new method of the analysis (Lavrov, Ryazanov, JETP Letters,
2005), which does not need any \it a priory \rm assumptions concerning the
molecular structure being based on only two fundamental principles:
Rydberg-Ritz and maximum likelihood. The method provides the opportunity to
obtain the RMS estimates for uncertainties of the experimental wavenumbers
independent from those presented in original papers. 234 from 3822 published
wavenumber values were found to be spurious, while the remaining set of the
data may be divided into 20 subsets (samples) of uniformly precise data having
close to normal distributions of random errors within the samples. New
experimental wavenumber values of 125 questionable lines were obtained in the
present work. Optimal values of the rovibronic levels were obtained from the
experimental data set consisting of 3713 wavenumber values (3588 old and 125
new). The unknown shift between levels of ortho- and para- deuterium was found
by least squares analysis of the $a^3\Sigma_g^+$, $v = 0$, $N = 0 \div 18$
rovibronic levels with odd and even values of $N$. All the energy levels were
obtained relative to the lowest vibro-rotational level ($v = 0$, $N = 0$) of
the $a^3\Sigma_g^+$ electronic state, and presented in tabular form together
with the standard deviations of the empirical determination. New energy level
values differ significantly from those available in literature.


title: A generation theorem for groups of finite Morley rank

abstract:
  We deal with two forms of the "uniqueness cases" in the classification of
large simple $K^*$-groups of finite Morley rank of odd type, where large means
the $m_2(G)$ at least three. This substantially extends results known for even
larger groups having \Prufer 2-rank at least three, to cover the two groups
$\PSp_4$ and $\G_2$. With an eye towards distant developments, we carry out
this analysis for $L^*$-groups which is substantially broader than the $K^*$
setting.


title: Linear groups of finite Morley rank

abstract:
  We show that a non-algebraic simple group of finite Morley rank with a
definable representation over a field has no involutions, and otherwise
resembles a bad group. In particular, the modern form of the Cherlin-Zilber
alebaricity conjecture hold for such groups.


title:
Measuring Stellar Radial Velocities with a Dispersed Fixed-Delay
  Interferometer

abstract:
  We demonstrate the ability to measure precise stellar barycentric radial
velocities with the dispersed fixed-delay interferometer technique using the
Exoplanet Tracker (ET), an instrument primarily designed for precision
differential Doppler velocity measurements using this technique. Our
barycentric radial velocities, derived from observations taken at the KPNO 2.1
meter telescope, differ from those of Nidever et al. by 0.047 km/s (rms) when
simultaneous iodine calibration is used, and by 0.120 km/s (rms) without
simultaneous iodine calibration. Our results effectively show that a Michelson
interferometer coupled to a spectrograph allows precise measurements of
barycentric radial velocities even at a modest spectral resolution of R ~ 5100.
A multi-object version of the ET instrument capable of observing ~500 stars per
night is being used at the Sloan 2.5 m telescope at Apache Point Observatory
for the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS),
a wide-field radial velocity survey for extrasolar planets around TYCHO-2 stars
in the magnitude range 7.6<V<12. In addition to precise differential
velocities, this survey will also yield precise barycentric radial velocities
for many thousands of stars using the data analysis techniques reported here.
Such a large kinematic survey at high velocity precision will be useful in
identifying the signature of accretion events in the Milky Way and
understanding local stellar kinematics in addition to discovering exoplanets,
brown dwarfs and spectroscopic binaries.


title:
Effect of External Magnetic Field on Critical Current for the Onset of
  Virtual Cathode Oscillations in Relativistic Electron Beams

abstract:
  In this Letter we research the space charge limiting current value at which
the oscillating virtual cathode is formed in the relativistic electron beam as
a function of the external magnetic field guiding the beam electrons. It is
shown that the space charge limiting (critical) current decreases with growth
of the external magnetic field, and that there is an optimal induction value of
the magnetic field at which the critical current for the onset of virtual
cathode oscillations in the electron beam is minimum. For the strong external
magnetic field the space charge limiting current corresponds to the analytical
relation derived under the assumption that the motion of the electron beam is
one-dimensional [High Power Microwave Sources. Artech House Microwave Library,
1987. Chapter~13]. Such behavior is explained by the characteristic features of
the dynamics of electron space charge in the longitudinal and radial directions
in the drift space at the different external magnetic fields.


title:
Gauge-invariant two-point correlator of energy density in deconfining
  SU(2) Yang-Mills thermodynamics

abstract:
  The thesis is considering aspects of SU(2) Yang-Mills thermodynamics in its
deconfining high-temperature phase. We calculate the two-point correlation
function of the energy density of the photon in a thermalized gas, at first in
the conventional U(1) gauge theory, followed by a calculation, where the photon
is identified with the massless gauge mode in deconfining SU(2) Yang-Mills
thermodynamics. Apart from the fact, that this calculation is interesting from
a technical point of view, we can consider several aspects of phenomenological
relevance. Since we interpret the two-point correlator of energy density as a
measure for the energy transfer, and thus for the electromagnetic interaction
of microscopic objects, such as atoms immersed into a photon gas, we are able
to give an explanation for the unexpected stability of cold, innergalactic
clouds consisting of atomic hydrogen.
  Subsequently, we evaluate the spatial string tension in deconfining SU(2)
Yang-Mills thermodynamics, which can be regarded as measure for the magnetic
flux through the area enclosed by the associated Wilson loop. On the level of
on-shell polarization effects for the massless mode we observe a perimeter-law,
and we speculate that the lattice-obtained area-law is induced by off-shell
contributions to the polarization tensor. Moreover, we discuss an interesting
two-loop result for the pressure which seems to be associated with the presence
of screened magnetic monopoles being responsible for an area-law.


title:
The Hausdorff dimension of the set of dissipative points for a
  Cantor-like model set for singly cusped parabolic dynamics

abstract:
  In this paper we introduce and study a certain intricate Cantor-like set $C$
contained in unit interval. Our main result is to show that the set $C$ itself,
as well as the set of dissipative points within $C$, both have Hausdorff
dimension equal to 1. The proof uses the transience of a certain non-symmetric
Cauchy-type random walk.


title:
Type I and type II neuron models are selectively driven by differential
  stimulus features

abstract:
  Neurons in the nervous system exhibit an outstanding variety of morphological
and physiological properties. However, close to threshold, this remarkable
richness may be grouped succinctly into two basic types of excitability, often
referred to as type I and type II. The dynamical traits of these two neuron
types have been extensively characterized. It would be interesting, however, to
understand the information-processing consequences of their dynamical
properties. To that end, here we determine the differences between the stimulus
features inducing firing in type I and in type II neurons. We work both with
realistic conductance-based models and minimal normal forms. We conclude that
type I neurons fire in response to scale-free depolarizing stimuli. Type II
neurons, instead, are most efficiently driven by input stimuli containing both
depolarizing and hyperpolarizing phases, with significant power in the
frequency band corresponding to the intrinsic frequencies of the cell.


title:
Cluster multiplication in regular components via generalized Chebyshev
  polynomials

abstract:
  We introduce a multivariate generalization of normalized Chebyshev
polynomials of the second kind. We prove that these polynomials arise in the
context of cluster characters associated to Dynkin quivers of type $\mathbb A$
and representation-infinite quivers. This allows to obtain a simple
combinatorial description of cluster algebras of type $\mathbb A$. We also
provide explicit multiplication formulas for cluster characters associated to
regular modules over the path algebra of any representation-infinite quiver.


title: Framework for 3D TransRectal Ultrasound

abstract:
  Prostate biopsies are mainly performed under 2D TransRectal UltraSound (TRUS)
control by sampling the prostate according to a predefined pattern. In case of
first biopsies, this pattern follows a random systematic plan. Sometimes,
repeat biopsies can be needed to target regions unsampled by previous biopsies
or resample critical regions (for example in case of cancer expectant
management or previous prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia findings). From a
clinical point of view, it could be useful to control the 3D spatial
distribution of theses biopsies inside the prostate. Modern 3D-TRUS probes
allow acquiring high-quality volumes of the prostate in few seconds. We
developed a framework to track the prostate in 3D TRUS images. It means that if
one acquires a reference volume at the beginning of the session and another
during each biopsy, it is possible to determine the relationship between the
prostate in the reference and the others volumes by aligning images. We used
this tool to evaluate the ability of a single operator (a young urologist
assistant professor) to perform a pattern of 12 biopsies under 2D TRUS
guidance.


title:
Observational signatures of numerically simulated MHD waves in
  small-scale fluxtubes

abstract:
  We present some results obtained from the synthesis of Stokes profiles in
small-scale flux tubes with propagating MHD waves. To that aim, realistic flux
tubes showing internal structure have been excited with 5 min period drivers,
allowing non-linear waves to propagate inside the magnetic structure. The
observational signatures of these waves in Stokes profiles of several spectral
lines that are commonly used in spectropolarimetric measurements are discussed.


title:
Optimization of parameters of nanostructure for study inverse proximity
  effects on "superconductor-ferromagnetic" interface using Polarized Neutron
  Reflectometry in enhanced standing wave regime

abstract:
  This work is devoted to experimental study of influence of superconductivity
(S) on ferromagnetism (FM) (inverse proximity effects) with the help of
Polarized Neutron Reflectivity. Combining meausurements of specular and diffuse
intensities it is possible to obtain full picture of magnetization change in
S/FM layered systems like magnetization rotation, domain state formation,
inducing of magnetization in S layer, etc. To increase weak magnetic signal we
propose to use enhanced neutron standing wave regime (e.g. waveguides). Choose
of materials, optimization of thicknesses of layers, estimation of roughnesses
influence is presented in this work.


title: Monte Carlo Simulations of Star Clusters - V. The globular cluster M4

abstract:
  We describe Monte Carlo models for the dynamical evolution of the nearby
globular cluster M4. The code includes treatments of two-body relaxation,
three- and four-body interactions involving primordial binaries and those
formed dynamically, the Galactic tide, and the internal evolution of both
single and binary stars. We arrive at a set of initial parameters for the
cluster which, after 12Gyr of evolution, gives a model with a satisfactory
match to the surface brightness profile, the velocity dispersion profile, and
the luminosity function in two fields. We describe in particular the evolution
of the core, and find that M4 (which has a classic King profile) is actually a
post-collapse cluster, its core radius being sustained by binary burning. We
also consider the distribution of its binaries, including those which would be
observed as photometric binaries and as radial-velocity binaries. We also
consider the populations of white dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes and blue
stragglers, though not all channels for blue straggler formation are
represented yet in our simulations.


title: Early-Type Disk Galaxies: Structure and Kinematics

abstract:
  Spectroscopic observations of three lenticular (S0) galaxies (NGC 1167, NGC
4150, and NGC 6340) and one SBa galaxy (NGC 2273) have been taken with the 6-m
telescope of the Special AstrophysicalObservatory of the Russian Academy of
Sciences aimed to study the structure and kinematic properties of early-type
disk galaxies. The radial profiles of the stellar radial velocities and the
velocity dispersion are measured. N-body simulations are used to construct
dynamical models of galaxies containing a stellar disk, bulge, and halo. The
masses of individual components are estimated formaximum-mass disk models. A
comparison of models with estimated rotational velocities and the stellar
velocity dispersion suggests that the stellar disks in lenticular galaxies are
"overheated"; i.e., there is a significant excess velocity dispersion over the
minimum level required to maintain the stability of the disk. This supports the
hypothesis that the stellar disks of S0 galaxies were subject to strong
gravitational perturbations. The relative thickness of the stellar disks in the
S0 galaxies considered substantially exceed the typical disk thickness of
spiral galaxies.


title: Scanning Gate Microscopy of a Nanostructure where Electrons Interact

abstract:
  We show that scanning gate microscopy can be used for probing
electron-electron interactions inside a nanostructure. We assume a simple model
made of two non-interacting strips attached to an interacting nanosystem. In
one of the strips, the electrostatic potential can be locally varied by a
charged tip. This change induces corrections upon the nanosystem Hartree-Fock
self-energies which enhance the fringes spaced by half the Fermi wavelength in
the images giving the quantum conductance as a function of the tip position.


title: A Bayesian Optimisation Algorithm for the Nurse Scheduling Problem

abstract:
  A Bayesian optimization algorithm for the nurse scheduling problem is
presented, which involves choosing a suitable scheduling rule from a set for
each nurses assignment. Unlike our previous work that used Gas to implement
implicit learning, the learning in the proposed algorithm is explicit, ie.
Eventually, we will be able to identify and mix building blocks directly. The
Bayesian optimization algorithm is applied to implement such explicit learning
by building a Bayesian network of the joint distribution of solutions. The
conditional probability of each variable in the network is computed according
to an initial set of promising solutions. Subsequently, each new instance for
each variable is generated, ie in our case, a new rule string has been
obtained. Another set of rule strings will be generated in this way, some of
which will replace previous strings based on fitness selection. If stopping
conditions are not met, the conditional probabilities for all nodes in the
Bayesian network are updated again using the current set of promising rule
strings. Computational results from 52 real data instances demonstrate the
success of this approach. It is also suggested that the learning mechanism in
the proposed approach might be suitable for other scheduling problems.


title: Effects of reheating on leptogenesis

abstract:
  We study the evolution of a cosmological baryon asymmetry in leptogenesis
when the right-handed neutrinos are produced in inflaton decays. By performing
a detailed numerical study over a broad range of inflaton-neutrino couplings we
show that the resulting asymmetry can be larger by two orders of magnitude or
more than in thermal leptogenesis, if the reheating temperature T_{RH} is of
the same order as the right-handed neutrino mass M_1. Hence, the lower limit on
the baryogenesis temperature obtained in thermal leptogenesis can be relaxed
accordingly.


title: Boom and bust in continuous time evolving economic model

abstract:
  We show that a simple model of a spatially resolved evolving economic system,
which has a steady state under simultaneous updating, shows stable oscillations
in price when updated asynchronously. The oscillations arise from a gradual
decline of the mean price due to competition among sellers competing for the
same resource. This lowers profitability and hence population but is followed
by a sharp rise as speculative sellers invade the large un-inhabited areas.
This cycle then begins again.


title: Stability conditions and Stokes factors

abstract:
  Let A be the category of modules over a complex, finite-dimensional algebra.
We show that the space of stability conditions on A parametrises an
isomonodromic family of irregular connections on P^1 with values in the Hall
algebra of A. The residues of these connections are given by the holomorphic
generating function for counting invariants in A constructed by D. Joyce.


title:
First-exit-time probability density tails for a local height of a
  non-equilibrium Gaussian interface

abstract:
  We study the long-time behavior of the probability density Q_t of the first
exit time from a bounded interval [-L,L] for a stochastic non-Markovian process
h(t) describing fluctuations at a given point of a two-dimensional, infinite in
both directions Gaussian interface. We show that Q_t decays when t \to \infty
as a power-law $^{-1 - \alpha}, where \alpha is non-universal and proportional
to the ratio of the thermal energy and the elastic energy of a fluctuation of
size L. The fact that \alpha appears to be dependent on L, which is rather
unusual, implies that the number of existing moments of Q_t depends on the size
of the window [-L,L]. A moment of an arbitrary order n, as a function of L,
exists for sufficiently small L, diverges when L approaches a certain threshold
value L_n, and does not exist for L > L_n. For L > L_1, the probability density
Q_t is normalizable but does not have moments.


title: Uniqueness of Ground States for Pseudo-Relativistic Hartree Equations

abstract:
  We prove uniqueness of ground states $Q$ in $H^{1/2}$ for pseudo-relativistic
Hartree equations in three dimensions, provided that $Q$ has sufficiently small
$L^2$-mass. This result shows that a uniqueness conjecture by Lieb and Yau in
[CMP 112 (1987),147--174] holds true at least under a smallness condition.
  Our proof combines variational arguments with a nonrelativistic limit, which
leads to a certain Hartree-type equation (also known as the Choquard-Pekard or
Schroedinger-Newton equation). Uniqueness of ground states for this limiting
Hartree equation is well-known. Here, as a key ingredient, we prove the
so-called nondegeneracy of its linearization. This nondegeneracy result is also
of independent interest, for it proves a key spectral assumption in a series of
papers on effective solitary wave motion and classical limits for
nonrelativistic Hartree equations.


title:
Solutions for correlations along the coexistence curve and at the
  critical point of a kagom\'e lattice gas with three-particle interactions

abstract:
  We consider a two-dimensional (d=2) kagom\'e lattice gas model with
attractive three-particle interactions around each triangular face of the
kagom\'e lattice. Exact solutions are obtained for multiparticle correlations
along the liquid and vapor branches of the coexistence curve and at
criticality. The correlation solutions are also determined along the
continuation of the curvilinear diameter of the coexistence region into the
disordered fluid region. The method generates a linear algebraic system of
correlation identities with coefficients dependent only upon the interaction
parameter. Using a priori knowledge of pertinent solutions for the density and
elementary triplet correlation, one finds a closed and linearly independent set
of correlation identities defined upon a spatially compact nine-site cluster of
the kagom\'e lattice. Resulting exact solution curves of the correlations are
plotted and discussed as functions of the temperature, and are compared with
corresponding results in a traditional kagom\'e lattice gas having
nearest-neighbor pair interactions. An example of application for the
multiparticle correlations is demonstrated in cavitation theory.


title:
Monte Carlo Simulation to relate primary and final fragments mass and
  kinetic energy distribution from low energy fission of $^{234}U$

abstract:
  The kinetic energy distribution as a function of mass of final fragments (m)
from low energy fission of $^{234}U$, measured with the Lohengrin spectrometer
by Belhafaf et al. presents a peak around m=108 and another around m = 122. The
authors attribute the first peak to the evaporation of a large number of
neutrons around the corresponding mass number; and the second peak to the
distribution of the primary fragment kinetic energy. Nevertheless, the
theoretical calculations related to primary distribution made by Faust et al.
do not result in a peak around m = 122. In order to clarify this apparent
controversy, we have made a numerical experiment in which the masses and the
kinetic energy of final fragments are calculated, assuming an initial
distribution of the kinetic energy without peaks on the standard deviation as
function of fragment mass. As a result we obtain a pronounced peak on the
standard deviation of the kinetic energy distribution around m = 109, a
depletion from m = 121 to m = 129, and an small peak around m = 122, which is
not as big as the measured by Belhafaf et al. Our simulation also reproduces
the experimental results on the yield of the final mass, the average number of
emitted neutrons as a function of the provisional mass (calculated from the
values of the final kinetic energy of the complementary fragments) and the
average value of fragment kinetic energy as a function of the final mass.


title: Single spin universal Boolean logic

abstract:
  Recent advances in manipulating single electron spins in quantum dots have
brought us close to the realization of classical logic gates based on
representing binary bits in spin polarizations of single electrons. Here, we
show that a linear array of three quantum dots, each containing a single spin
polarized electron, and with nearest neighbor exchange coupling, acts as the
universal NAND gate. The energy dissipated during switching this gate is the
Landauer-Shannon limit of kTln(1/p) [T = ambient temperature and p = intrinsic
gate error probability]. With present day technology, p = 1E-9 is achievable
above 1 K temperature. Even with this small intrinsic error probability, the
energy dissipated during switching the NAND gate is only ~ 21 kT, while today's
nanoscale transistors dissipate about 40,000 - 50,000 kT when they switch.