title: Resonant fluxon transmission through impurities

abstract:
  Fluxon transmission through several impurities of different strength and type
(i.e., microshorts and microresistors), placed in a long Josephson junction is
investigated. Threshold pinning current on the impurities is computed as a
function of the distance between them, their amplitudes and the dissipation
parameter. It is shown that in the case of consequently placed microshorts or
microresistors, the threshold pinning current exhibits a clear minimum as a
function of the distance between the impurities. In the case of a
microresistor, followed by a microshort, an opposite phenomenon is observed,
namely the threshold pinning current exhibits maximum as a function of the
distance between the impurities.


title: The impact of magnetic field on the thermal evolution of neutron stars

abstract:
  The impact of strong magnetic fields B>10e13 G on the thermal evolution of
neutron stars is investigated, including crustal heating by magnetic field
decay. For this purpose, we perform 2D cooling simulations with anisotropic
thermal conductivity considering all relevant neutrino emission processes for
realistic neutron stars. The standard cooling models of neutron stars are
called into question by showing that the magnetic field has relevant (and in
many cases dominant) effects on the thermal evolution. The presence of the
magnetic field significantly affects the thermal surface distribution and the
cooling history of these objects during both, the early neutrino cooling era
and the late photon cooling era. The minimal cooling scenario is thus more
complex than generally assumed. A consistent magneto-thermal evolution of
magnetized neutron stars is needed to explain the observations.


title: Localized polarons and doorway vibrons in finite quantum structures

abstract:
  We consider transport through finite quantum systems such as quantum
barriers, wells, dots or junctions, coupled to local vibrational modes in the
quantal regime. As a generic model we study the Holstein-Hubbard Hamiltonian
with site-dependent potentials and interactions. Depending on the barrier
height to electron-phonon coupling strength ratio and the phonon frequency we
find distinct opposed behaviors: Vibration-mediated tunneling or intrinsic
localization of (bi)polarons. These regimes are strongly manifested in the
density correlations, mobility, and optical response calculated by exact
numerical techniques.


title: Dynamical Supersymmetry Breaking and Low Energy Gauge Mediation

abstract:
  Dynamical breaking of supersymmetry was long thought to be an exceptional
phenomenon, but recent developments have altered this view. A question of great
interest in the current framework is the value of the underlying scale of
supersymmetry breaking. The "little hierarchy" problem suggests that
supersymmetry should be broken at low energies. Within one class of models, low
energy breaking be achieved as a consequence of symmetries, without requiring
odd coincidences. The low energy theories are distinguished by the presence or
absence of $R$ symmetries; in either case, and especially the latter one often
finds modifications of the minimal gauge-mediated spectrum which can further
ameliorate problems of fine tuning. Various natural mechanisms exist to solve
the $\mu$ problem in this framework.


title:
Character and detectability of the dark ages and the epoch of
  reionization: the view from the simulations

abstract:
  Direct detection of the Dark Ages and the Epoch of Reionization
  (EOR) is among the main scientific objectives of all current and future
low-frequency radio facilities. In this paper we summarize and discuss recent
results, based on state-of-the-art numerical simulations, regarding the
fundamental EOR properties and its observability with current and future radio
arrays, like the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT), the Low Frequency
Array (LOFAR), the 21-CM Array (21CMA), the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) and
the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). Results show that the optimal observational
frequencies for statistical detection are 140-160 MHz. The signals are strongly
non-Gaussian at late times. The correlation widths between 21-cm maps at
neighbouring frequencies are short, of order 300-800 kHz, which should help
with the cleaning of the strong foregrounds. Direct comparison of the
resolutions and expected sensitivities of GMRT and MWA indicate that their
optimal sensitivity ranges are similar, at scales k~0.2-0.4 h/Mpc, however, all
else being equal the former should require shorter integration times due to its
significantly larger collecting area.


title: Connectivity of the Product Replacement Algorithm Graph of PSL(2,q)

abstract:
  The product replacement algorithm is a practical algorithm to construct
random elements of a finite group G. It can be described as a random walk on a
graph whose vertices are the generating k-tuples of G (for a fixed k). We show
that if G is PSL(2,q) or PGL(2,q), where q is a prime power, then this graph is
connected for any k>=4. This generalizes former results obtained by Gilman and
Evans.


title:
Energy, angular momentum, superenergy and angular supermomentum in
  conformal frames

abstract:
  We find the rules of the conformal transformation for the energetic
quantities such as the Einstein energy-momentum complex, the Bergmann-Thomson
angular momentum complex, the superenergy tensor, and the angular supermomentum
tensor of gravitation and matter. We show that the conformal transformation
rules for the matter parts of both the Einstein complex and the
Bergmann-Thomson complex are fairly simple, while the transformation rules for
their gravitational parts are more complicated. We also find that the
transformational rules of the superenergy tensor of matter and the superenergy
tensor of gravity are quite complicated except for the case of a pure gravity.
In such a special case the superenergy density as well as the sum of the
superenergy density and the matter energy density are invariants of the
conformal transformation. Besides, in that case, a conformal invariant is also
the Bel-Robinson tensor which is a part of the superenergy tensor. As for the
angular supermomentum tensor of gravity - it emerges that its transformational
rule even for a pure gravity is quite complicated but this is not the case for
the angular supermomentum tensor of matter. Having investigated some
technicalities of the conformal transformations, we also find the conformal
transformation rule for the curvature invariants and, in particular, for the
Gauss-Bonnet invariant in a spacetime of arbitrary dimension.


title: Borel Ranks and Wadge Degrees of Context Free Omega Languages

abstract:
  We show that, from a topological point of view, considering the Borel and the
Wadge hierarchies, 1-counter B\"uchi automata have the same accepting power
than Turing machines equipped with a B\"uchi acceptance condition. In
particular, for every non null recursive ordinal alpha, there exist some
Sigma^0_alpha-complete and some Pi^0_alpha-complete omega context free
languages accepted by 1-counter B\"uchi automata, and the supremum of the set
of Borel ranks of context free omega languages is the ordinal gamma^1_2 which
is strictly greater than the first non recursive ordinal. This very surprising
result gives answers to questions of H. Lescow and W. Thomas [Logical
Specifications of Infinite Computations, In:"A Decade of Concurrency", LNCS
803, Springer, 1994, p. 583-621].


title:
Signal Recovery from Incomplete and Inaccurate Measurements via
  Regularized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit

abstract:
  We demonstrate a simple greedy algorithm that can reliably recover a
d-dimensional vector v from incomplete and inaccurate measurements x. Here our
measurement matrix is an N by d matrix with N much smaller than d. Our
algorithm, Regularized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (ROMP), seeks to close the
gap between two major approaches to sparse recovery. It combines the speed and
ease of implementation of the greedy methods with the strong guarantees of the
convex programming methods. For any measurement matrix that satisfies a Uniform
Uncertainty Principle, ROMP recovers a signal with O(n) nonzeros from its
inaccurate measurements x in at most n iterations, where each iteration amounts
to solving a Least Squares Problem. The noise level of the recovery is
proportional to the norm of the error, up to a log factor. In particular, if
the error vanishes the reconstruction is exact. This stability result extends
naturally to the very accurate recovery of approximately sparse signals.


title: Comments on the Boundary Scattering Phase

abstract:
  We present a simple solution to the crossing equation for an open string
worldsheet reflection matrix, with boundaries preserving a SU(1|2)^2 residual
symmetry, which constrains the boundary dressing factor. In addition, we also
propose an analogous crossing equation for the dressing factor where extra
boundary degrees of freedom preserve a SU(2|2)^2 residual symmetry.


title:
Crossover from Kondo assisted suppression to co-tunneling enhancement of
  tunneling magnetoresistance via ferromagnetic nanodots in MgO tunnel barriers

abstract:
  Recently, it has been shown that magnetic tunnel junctions with thin MgO
tunnel barriers exhibit extraordinarily high tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR)
values at room temperature1, 2. However, the physics of spin dependent
tunneling through MgO barriers is only beginning to be unravelled. Using planar
magnetic tunnel junctions in which ultra-thin layers of magnetic metals are
deposited in the middle of a MgO tunnel barrier here we demonstrate that the
TMR is strongly modified when these layers are discontinuous and composed of
small pancake shaped nanodots. At low temperatures, in the Coulomb blockade
regime, for layers less than ~1 nm thick, the conductance of the junction is
increased at low bias consistent with Kondo assisted tunneling. In the same
regime we observe a suppression of the TMR. For slightly thicker layers, and
correspondingly larger nanodots, the TMR is enhanced at low bias, consistent
with co-tunneling.


title: Undecidable Problems About Timed Automata

abstract:
  We solve some decision problems for timed automata which were recently raised
by S. Tripakis in [ Folk Theorems on the Determinization and Minimization of
Timed Automata, in the Proceedings of the International Workshop FORMATS'2003,
LNCS, Volume 2791, p. 182-188, 2004 ] and by E. Asarin in [ Challenges in Timed
Languages, From Applied Theory to Basic Theory, Bulletin of the EATCS, Volume
83, p. 106-120, 2004 ]. In particular, we show that one cannot decide whether a
given timed automaton is determinizable or whether the complement of a timed
regular language is timed regular. We show that the problem of the minimization
of the number of clocks of a timed automaton is undecidable. It is also
undecidable whether the shuffle of two timed regular languages is timed
regular. We show that in the case of timed B\"uchi automata accepting infinite
timed words some of these problems are Pi^1_1-hard, hence highly undecidable
(located beyond the arithmetical hierarchy).


title:
The Auxiliary Field Diffusion Monte Carlo Method for Nuclear Physics and
  Nuclear Astrophysics

abstract:
  In this thesis, I discuss the use of the Auxiliary Field Diffusion Monte
Carlo method to compute the ground state of nuclear Hamiltonians, and I show
several applications to interesting problems both in nuclear physics and in
nuclear astrophysics.
  In particular, the AFDMC algorithm is applied to the study of several nuclear
systems, finite, and infinite matter. Results about the ground state of nuclei
($^4$He, $^8$He, $^{16}$O and $^{40}$Ca), neutron drops (with 8 and 20
neutrons) and neutron rich-nuclei (isotopes of oxygen and calcium) are
discussed, and the equation of state of nuclear and neutron matter are
calculated and compared with other many-body calculations. The $^1S_0$
superfluid phase of neutron matter in the low-density regime was also studied.


title: Population stratification using a statistical model on hypergraphs

abstract:
  Population stratification is a problem encountered in several areas of
biology and public health. We tackle this problem by mapping a population and
its elements attributes into a hypergraph, a natural extension of the concept
of graph or network to encode associations among any number of elements. On
this hypergraph, we construct a statistical model reflecting our intuition
about how the elements attributes can emerge from a postulated population
structure. Finally, we introduce the concept of stratification
representativeness as a mean to identify the simplest stratification already
containing most of the information about the population structure. We
demonstrate the power of this framework stratifying an animal and a human
population based on phenotypic and genotypic properties, respectively.


title: An expansion for polynomials orthogonal over an analytic Jordan curve

abstract:
  We consider polynomials that are orthogonal over an analytic Jordan curve L
with respect to a positive analytic weight, and show that each such polynomial
of sufficiently large degree can be expanded in a series of certain integral
transforms that converges uniformly in the whole complex plane. This expansion
yields, in particular and simultaneously, Szego's classical strong asymptotic
formula and a new integral representation for the polynomials inside L. We
further exploit such a representation to derive finer asymptotic results for
weights having finitely many singularities (all of algebraic type) on a thin
neighborhood of the orthogonality curve. Our results are a generalization of
those previously obtained in [7] for the case of L being the unit circle.


title: Planck, Photon Statistics, and Bose-Einstein Condensation

abstract:
  The interplay between optical and statistical physics is a rich and exciting
field of study. Black body radiation was the first application of photon
statistics, although it was initially treated as a problem of the cavity
oscillators in equilibrium with the photon field. However Planck surprisingly
resisted the idea that anything physical would be quantized for a long time
after he had solved the problem. We trace this development.
  Then, after the invention of the laser itself, it proved difficult to develop
a theory of laser action that could account for photon statistics, i.e.
fluctuations near threshold. This was accomplished in 1965. After Bose-Einstein
condensation was successfully achieved, the same problem arose in this case.
The fluctuation problem had not been treated adequately even for the ideal Bose
gas. However this problem has now been solved using the same techniques as in
the theory of laser action.


title: Asteroseismology of Procyon with SOPHIE

abstract:
  This paper reports a 9-night asteroseismic observation program conducted in
January 2007 with the new spectrometer Sophie at the OHP 193-cm telescope, on
the F5 IV-V target Procyon A. This first asteroseismic program with Sophie was
intended to test the performance of the instrument with a bright but demanding
asteroseismic target and was part of a multisite network. The Sophie spectra
have been reduced with the data reduction software provided by OHP. The Procyon
asteroseismic data were then analyzed with statistical tools. The asymptotic
analysis has been conducted considering possible curvature in the echelle
diagram analysis. These observations have proven the efficient performance of
Sophie used as an asteroseismometer, and succeed in a clear detection of the
large spacing. An \'echelle diagram based on the 54-$\mu$Hz spacing shows clear
ridges. Identification of the peaks exhibits large spacings varying from about
52 $\mu$Hz to 56 $\mu$Hz.


title: Accurate self-energy algorithm for quasi-1D systems

abstract:
  We present a complete prescription for the numerical calculation of surface
Green's functions and self-energies of semi-infinite quasi-onedimensional
systems. Our work extends the results of Sanvito et al. [1] generating a robust
algorithm to be used in conjunction with ab initio electronic structure
methods. We perform a detailed error analysis of the scheme and find that the
highest accuracy is found if no inversion of the usually ill conditioned
hopping matrix is involved. Even in this case however a transformation of the
hopping matrix that decreases its condition number is needed in order to limit
the size of the imaginary part of the wave-vectors. This is done in two
different ways, either by applying a singular value decomposition and setting a
lowest bound for the smallest singular value, or by adding a random matrix of
small amplitude. By using the first scheme the size of the Hamiltonian matrix
is reduced, making the computation considerably faster for large systems. For
most energies the method gives high accuracy, however in the presence of
surface states the error diverges due to the singularity in the self-energy. A
surface state is found at a particular energy if the set of solution
eigenvectors of the infinite system is linearly dependent. This is then used as
a criterion to detect surface states, and the error is limited by adding a
small imaginary part to the energy.
  [1] S. Sanvito, C. J. Lambert, J. H. Jefferson, and A. M. Bratkovsky, Phys.
Rev. B 59, 11936 (1999).


title:
Vertical distribution of Galactic disk stars IV - AMR and AVR from clump
  giants

abstract:
  We present the parameters of 891 stars, mostly clump giants, including
atmospheric parameters, distances, absolute magnitudes, spatial velocities,
galactic orbits and ages. One part of this sample consists of local giants,
within 100 pc, with atmospheric parameters either estimated from our
spectroscopic observations at high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio,
or retrieved from the literature. The other part of the sample includes 523
distant stars, which we have estimated atmospheric parameters from high
resolution but low signal-to-noise Echelle spectra. This new sample is
kinematically unbiased, with well-defined boundaries in magnitude and colours.
We revisit the basic properties of the Galactic thin disk as traced by clump
giants. We find the metallicity distribution to be different from that of
dwarfs, with less metal-rich stars. We find evidence for a vertical metallicity
gradient of -0.31 dex/kpc and for a transition at 4-5 Gyr in both the
metallicity and velocities. The age - metallicity relation (AMR), which
exhibits a very low dispersion, increases smoothly from 10 to 4 Gyr, with a
steeper increase for younger stars. The age-velocity relation (AVR) is
characterized by the saturation of the V and W dispersions at 5 Gyr, and
continuous heating in U.


title: Recent Results from PHOBOS

abstract:
  In this manuscript we give a short summary of recent physics results from
PHOBOS. Particular emphasis is put on elliptic flow, fluctuations in the
initial geometry and the recent measurements of elliptic flow fluctuations.


title: Dynkin's Isomorphism with Sign Structure

abstract:
  The Dynkin isomorphism associates a Gaussian field to a Markov chain. These
Gaussian fields can be used as priors for prediction and time series analysis.
Dynkin's construction gives Gaussian fields with all non-negative covariances.
We extend Dynkin's construction (by introducing a sign structure on the Markov
chain) to allow general covariance sign patterns.


title:
Behavior of bounded solutions of quasilinear elliptic equations on
  Riemannian manifolds

abstract:
  This paper deals with bounded solutions of quasilinear elliptic equations on
Riemannian manifolds satisfying special condition.


title:
Detection of atmospheric haze on an extrasolar planet: The 0.55 - 1.05
  micron transmission spectrum of HD189733b with the Hubble Space Telescope

abstract:
  The nearby transiting planet HD 189733b was observed during three transits
with the ACS camera of the Hubble Space Telescope in spectroscopic mode. The
resulting time series of 675 spectra covers the 550-1050 nm range, with a
resolution element of ~8 nm, at extremely high accuracy (signal-to-noise ratio
up to 10,000 in 50 nm intervals in each individual spectrum). Using these data,
we disentangle the effects of limb darkening, measurement systematics, and
spots on the surface of the host star, to calculate the wavelength dependence
of the effective transit radius to an accuracy of ~50 km. This constitutes the
``transmission spectrum'' of the planetary atmosphere. It indicates at each
wavelength at what height the planetary atmosphere becomes opaque to the
grazing stellar light during the transit. In this wavelength range, strong
features due to sodium, potassium and water are predicted by atmosphere models
for a planet like HD 189733b, but they can be hidden by broad absorption from
clouds or hazes higher up in the atmosphere.
  We observed an almost featureless transmission spectrum between 550 and 1050
nm, with no indication of the expected sodium or potassium atomic absorption
features. Comparison of our results with the transit radius observed in the
near and mid-infrared (2-8 microns), and the slope of the spectrum, suggest the
presence of a haze of sub-micron particles in the upper atmosphere of the
planet.


title: Commutation relations and Markov chains

abstract:
  It is shown that the combinatorics of commutation relations is well suited
for analyzing the convergence rate of certain Markov chains. Examples studied
include random walk on irreducible representations, a local random walk on
partitions whose stationary distribution is the Ewens distribution, and some
birth-death chains.


title:
Field-angle-dependent specific heat measurements and gap determination
  of a heavy fermion superconductor URu2Si2

abstract:
  To identify the superconducting gap structure in URu2Si2 we perform
field-angle-dependent specific heat measurements for the two principal
orientations in addition to field rotations, and theoretical analysis based on
microscopic calculations. The Sommerfeld coefficient \gamma(H)'s in the mixed
state exhibit distinctively different field-dependence. This comes from point
nodes and substantial Pauli paramagnetic effect of URu2Si2. These two features
combined give rise to a consistent picture of superconducting properties,
including a possible first order transition of Hc2 at low temperatures.


title: On classification of modular tensor categories

abstract:
  We classify all unitary modular tensor categories (UMTCs) of rank $\leq 4$.
There are a total of 70 UMTCs of rank $\leq 4$ (Note that some authors would
have counted as 35 MTCs.) In our convention there are two trivial unitary MTCs
distinguished by the modular $S$ matrix $S=(\pm1)$. Each such UMTC can be
obtained from 10 non-trivial prime UMTCs by direct product, and some symmetry
operations.
  UMTCs encode topological properties of anyonic quantum systems and can be
used to build fault-tolerant quantum computers. We conjecture that there are
only finitely many equivalence classes of MTCs for any given rank, and a UMTC
is universal for anyonic quantum computation if and only if its global quantum
dimension $D^2$ is \emph{not} an integer.
  Discovery of non-abelain anyons in Nature will be a landmark in condensed
matter physics. The non-abelian anyons in UMTCs of rank $\leq 4$ are the
simplest, and, therefore, are most likely to be found. G. Moore and N. Read
proposed that non-abelian statistics could occur in fractional quantum Hall
(FQH) liquids. The Read-Rezayi conjecture predicts the existence of anyons
related to $SU(2)_k$ in FQH liquids at filling fractions $\nu=2+\frac{k}{k+2}$
for $k=1,2,3$. For $\nu={5/2}$ and $SU(2)_2$, there is a numerical proof and
experimental evidence for this conjecture. The Ising anyons might exist in
chiral superconductors (strontium ruthenate). There are theoretical designs for
the toric code MTC using Josephson junction array, for the $Fib\times Fib$ MTC
using optical lattice, and for the $SU(2)_k$ using cold trapped bosonic atoms.


title: Lyapunov Exponents of Free Operators

abstract:
  Lyapunov exponents of a dynamical system are a useful tool to gauge the
stability and complexity of the system. This paper offers a definition of
Lyapunov exponents for a sequence of free linear operators. The definition is
based on the concept of the extended Fuglede-Kadison determinant. We establish
the existence of Lyapunov exponents, derive formulas for their calculation, and
show that Lyapunov exponents of free variables are additive with respect to
operator product. We illustrate these results using an example of free
operators whose singular values are distributed by the Marchenko-Pastur law,
and relate this example to C. M. Newman's "triangle" law for the distribution
of Lyapunov exponents of large random matrices with independent Gaussian
entries. As an interesting by-product of our results, we derive a relation
between the extended Fuglede-Kadison determinant and Voiculescu's S-transform.


title:
Three Dimensional Molecular Line Transfer Study of Extragalactic ISM :
  AGN/Starburst Connection

abstract:
  Molecular gas in external galaxies is a subject of crucial importance for
observational and theoretical studies of galaxy formation. Compact molecular
gas around an active galactic nuclei (AGN) is expected to be an energy budget
of AGN and/or nuclear starburst. Recent observational studies suggest that line
ratios in millimeter and submillimeter band may be a good tool to reveal the
long-standing question on the origin of activity -- AGN or nuclear starburst.
We have constructed a powerful "telescope" of theory, three-dimensional nonLTE
line transfer code, preceding the high resolution and sensitivity observations
such as ALMA.


title:
Fractal scale-invariant and nonlinear properties of cardiac dynamics
  remain stable with advanced age: A new mechanistic picture of cardiac control
  in healthy elderly

abstract:
  We analyze heartbeat interval recordings from two independent databases: (a)
19 healthy young (avg. age 25.7 years) and 16 healthy elderly subjects (avg.
age 73.8 years) during 2h under resting conditions from the Fantasia database;
and (b) 29 healthy elderly subjects (avg. age 75.9 years) during $\approx{}8$h
of sleep from the SHHS database, and the same subjects recorded 5 years later.
We quantify: (1) The average heart rate <RR>; (2) the SD $\sigma_{RR}$ and
$\sigma_{\Delta{}RR}$ of the heartbeat intervals RR and their increments
$\Delta{}RR$; (3) the long-range correlations in RR as measured by the scaling
exponent $\alpha_{RR}$ using the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis; (4) fractal
linear and nonlinear properties as represented by the scaling exponents
$\alpha^{sign}$ and $\alpha^{mag}$ for the time series of the sign and
magnitude of $\Delta{}RR$; (5) the nonlinear fractal dimension $D(k)$ of $RR$
using the Fractal Dimension Analysis. We find: (1) No significant difference in
$\left<RR\right>$ (P>0.05); (2) a significant difference in $\sigma_{RR}$ and
$\sigma_{\Delta{}RR}$ for the Fantasia groups (P<10^{-4}) but no significant
change with age between the elderly SHHS groups (P>0.5); (3) no significant
change in the fractal measures $\alpha_{RR}$ (P>0.15), $\alpha^{sign}$ (P>0.2),
$\alpha^{mag}$ (P>0.3), and D(k) with age. Our findings do not support the
hypothesis that fractal linear and nonlinear characteristics of heartbeat
dynamics break down with advanced age in healthy subjects. While our results
indeed show a reduced SD of heartbeat fluctuations with advanced age, the
inherent temporal fractal and nonlinear organization of these fluctuations
remains stable.

categories: physics.data-an cond-mat.soft physics.bio-ph physics.med-ph q-bio.OT


title: Cluster combinatorics of d-cluster categories

abstract:
  We study the cluster combinatorics of $d-$cluster tilting objects in
$d-$cluster categories. By using mutations of maximal rigid objects in
$d-$cluster categories which are defined similarly for $d-$cluster tilting
objects, we prove the equivalences between $d-$cluster tilting objects, maximal
rigid objects and complete rigid objects. Using the chain of $d+1$ triangles of
$d-$cluster tilting objects in [IY], we prove that any almost complete
$d-$cluster tilting object has exactly $d+1$ complements, compute the extension
groups between these complements, and study the middle terms of these $d+1$
triangles. All results are the extensions of corresponding results on cluster
tilting objects in cluster categories established in [BMRRT] to $d-$cluster
categories. They are applied to the Fomin-Reading's generalized cluster
complexes of finite root systems defined and studied in [FR2] [Th] [BaM1-2],
and to that of infinite root systems [Zh3].


title:
The connection between globular cluster systems and their host galaxy
  and environment: a case study of the isolated elliptical NGC 821

abstract:
  In an effort to probe the globular cluster (GC) system of an isolated
elliptical galaxy, a comprehensive analysis of the NGC 821 GC system was
performed. New imaging from the WIYN Mini-Mosaic imager, supplemented with
Hubbl e Space Telescope (HST) WFPC2 images reveals a GC system similar to those
found in counterpart ellipticals located in high-density environments. To put
these results into the context of galaxy formation, a robustly-determined
census of GC systems is presented and analysed for galaxies spanning a wide
range of masses (> M_star), morphologies and environments.
  Results from this meta-study: (1) confirm previous findings that the number
of GCs normalized by host galaxy stellar mass increases with host stellar mass.
Spiral galaxies in the sample show smaller relative GC numbers than those of
massive ellipticals, suggesting the GC systems of massive ellipticals were not
formed from major spiral-spiral mergers; (2) indicate that GC system numbers
per unit galaxy baryon mass increases with host baryon mass and that GC
formation efficiency may not be universal as previously thought; (3) suggest
previously reported trends with environment may be incorrect due to sample bias
or the use of galaxy stellar masses to normalize GC numbers. Thus claims for
environmentally dependent GC formation efficiencies should be revisited; (4) in
combination with weak-lensing halo mass estimates, suggest that GCs formed in
direct proportion to the halo mass; (5) are consistent with theoretical
predictions whereby the local epoch of re-ionization did not vary significantly
with environment or host galaxy type.


title: Spin transport in nanocontacts and nanowires

abstract:
  In this thesis we study electron transport through magnetic nanocontacts and
nanowires with ab initio quantum transport calculations. The aim is to gain a
thorough understanding of the interplay between electrical conduction and
magnetism in atomic-size conductors and how it is affected by different aspects
as e.g. the atomic structure and the chemical composition of the conductor. To
this end our ab initio quantum transport program ALACANT which combines the
non-equilibrium Green's function formalism (NEGF) with density functional
theory (DFT) calculations has been extended to describe spin-polarized systems.
We present calculations on nanocontacts made of Ni as a prototypical magnetic
material. We find that atomic disorder in the contact region strongly reduces
the a priori high spin-polarization of the conductance leading to rather
moderate values of the so-called ballistic magnetoresistance (BMR). On the
other hand, we show that the adsorption of oxygen in the contact region could
strongly enhance the spin-polarization of the conduction electrons and thus BMR
by eliminating the spin-unpolarized s-channel. Finally, we show that short
atomic Pt chains suspended between the tips of a nanocontact are magnetic in
contrast to bulk Pt. However, this emergent nanoscale magnetism barely affects
the overall conductance of the nanocontact making it thus difficult to
demonstrate by simple conductance measurements. In conclusion, we find that
spin-transport through atomic-scale conductors is quite sensitive to the actual
atomic structure as well as to the chemical composition of the conductor. This
presents both, opportunities and challenges for the realization of future
nanoscale spintronics devices.


title:
Generalized entropy function for Schwarzschild and non-extremal black
  holes in string theory

abstract: This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to a crucial error


title: Cotangent Microbundle Category, I

abstract:
  We define a local version of the extended symplectic category, the cotangent
microbundle category, MiC, which turns out to be a true monoidal category. We
show that a monoid in this category induces a Poisson manifold together with
the local symplectic groupoid integrating it. Moreover, we prove that monoid
morphisms produce Poisson maps between the induced Poisson manifolds in a
functorial way. This gives a functor between the category of monoids in MiC and
the category of Poisson manifolds and Poisson maps. Conversely, the
semi-classical part of the Kontsevich star-product associated to a
real-analytic Poisson structure on an open subset of R^n produces a monoid in
MiC.


title: Observation of the Crab Nebula with the MAGIC telescope

abstract:
  We report about very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations of the Crab
Nebula with the MAGIC telescope. The gamma-ray flux from the nebula was
measured between 60 GeV and 9 TeV. The energy spectrum can be described with a
curved power law dF/dE=f_0 (E/300GeV)^(a+b log10(E/300GeV)) with a flux
normalization f_0 of (6.0+-0.2stat)*10^-10 cm^-2 s^-1 TeV^-1, a=-2.31+-0.06stat
and b=-0.26+-0.07stat. The position of the IC-peak is determined at 77+-47 GeV.
Within the observation time and the experimental resolution of the telescope,
the gamma-ray emission is steady and pointlike. The emission's center of
gravity coincides with the position of the pulsar. Pulsed gamma-ray emission
from the pulsar could not be detected. We constrain the cutoff energy of the
spectrum to be less than ~30 GeV, assuming that the differential energy
spectrum has an exponential cutoff. For a super-exponential shape, the cutoff
energy can be as high as ~60GeV.


title:
Transient Oscillation of Currents in Quantum Hall Effect of Bloch
  Electrons

abstract:
  We consider the quantum Hall effect of two-dimensional electrons with a
periodic potential and study the time dependence of the Hall and longitudinal
currents when the electric field is applied abruptly. We find that the currents
oscillate in time with very large frequencies because of quantum fluctuation
and the oscillations eventually vanish, for their amplitudes decay as 1/t.


title: The Local Consistency Problem for Stoquastic and 1-D Quantum Systems

abstract:
  The Local Hamiltonian problem (finding the ground state energy of a quantum
system) is known to be QMA-complete. The Local Consistency problem (deciding
whether descriptions of small pieces of a quantum system are consistent) is
also known to be QMA-complete. Here we consider special cases of Local
Hamiltonian, for ``stoquastic'' and 1-dimensional systems, that seem to be
strictly easier than QMA. We show that there exist analogous special cases of
Local Consistency, that have equivalent complexity (up to poly-time oracle
reductions). Our main technical tool is a new reduction from Local Consistency
to Local Hamiltonian, using SDP duality.


title: Absolute polarimetry at RHIC

abstract:
  Precise and absolute beam polarization measurements are critical for the RHIC
spin physics program. Because all experimental spin-dependent results are
normalized by beam polarization, the normalization uncertainty contributes
directly to final physics uncertainties. We aimed to perform the beam
polarization measurement to an accuracy of $\Delta P_{beam}/P_{beam} < 5%$.
  The absolute polarimeter consists of Polarized Atomic Hydrogen Gas Jet Target
and left-right pairs of silicon strip detectors and was installed in the
RHIC-ring in 2004. This system features \textit{proton-proton} elastic
scattering in the Coulomb nuclear interference (CNI) region. Precise
measurements of the analyzing power $A_N$ of this process has allowed us to
achieve $\Delta P_{beam}/P_{beam} =4.2%$ in 2005 for the first long
spin-physics run.
  In this report, we describe the entire set up and performance of the system.
The procedure of beam polarization measurement and analysis results from
2004-2005 are described. Physics topics of $A_N$ in the CNI region
(four-momentum transfer squared $0.001 < -t < 0.032 ~ ({\rm GeV}/c)^2$) are
also discussed. We point out the current issues and expected optimum accuracy
in 2006 and the future.


title:
Field-induced metal-insulator transition and switching phenomenon in
  correlated insulators

abstract:
  We study the nonequilibrium switching phenomenon associated with the
metal-insulator transition under electric field E in correlated insulator by a
gauge-covariant Keldysh formalism. Due to the feedback effect of the resistive
current I, this occurs as a first-order transition with a hysteresis of I-V
characteristics having a lower threshold electric field (\sim 10^4 Vcm^{-1})
much weaker than that for the Zener breakdown. It is also found that the
localized mid-gap states introduced by impurities and defects act as hot spots
across which the resonant tunneling occurs selectively, which leads to the
conductive filamentary paths and reduces the energy cost of the switching
function.


title:
The Hyperbolic Lattice Point Count in Infinite Volume with Applications
  to Sieves

abstract:
  We develop novel techniques using abstract operator theory to obtain
asymptotic formulae for lattice counting problems on infinite-volume hyperbolic
manifolds, with error terms which are uniform as the lattice moves through
"congruence" subgroups.
  We give the following application to the theory of affine linear sieves. In
the spirit of Fermat, consider the problem of primes in the sum of two squares,
f(c,d)=c^2+d^2, but restrict (c,d) to the orbit O = (0,1).Gamma, where Gamma is
an infinite-index non-elementary finitely-generated subgroup of SL(2,Z). Assume
that the Reimann surface Gamma\H^2 has a cusp at infinity. We show that the set
of values f(O) contains infinitely many integers having at most R prime factors
for any R>4/(delta-theta), where theta>1/2 is the spectral gap and delta<1 is
the Hausdorff dimension of the limit set of Gamma. If delta>149/150, then we
can take theta=5/6, giving R=25. The limit of this method is R=9 for
delta-theta>4/9. This is the same number of prime factors as attained in Brun's
original attack on the twin prime conjecture.


title:
Chirality tunneling and quantum dynamics for domain walls in mesoscopic
  ferromagnets

abstract:
  We studied the quantum dynamics of ferromagnetic domain walls (topological
kink-type solitons) in one dimensional ferromagnetic spin chains. We show that
the tunneling probability does not depend on the number of spins in a domain
wall; thus, this probability can be large even for a domain wall containing a
large number of spins. We also predict that there is a strong interplay between
the tunneling of a wall from one lattice site to another (tunneling of the kink
coordinate) and the tunneling of the kink topological charge (so-called
chirality). Both of these elementary processes are suppressed for kinks in
one-dimensional ferromagnets with half-integer spin. The dispersion law (i.e.,
the domain wall energy versus momentum) is essentially different for chains
with either integer or half-integer spins. The predicted quantum effects could
be observed for mesoscopic magnetic structures, e.g., chains of magnetic
clusters, large-spin molecules, or nanosize magnetic dots.


title: Local wellposedness for the 2+1 dimensional monopole equation

abstract:
  The space-time monopole equation on $\R^{2+1}$ can be derived by a
dimensional reduction of the anti-self-dual Yang Mills equations on $\R^{2+2}$.
It can be also viewed as the hyperbolic analog of Bogomolny equations. We
uncover null forms in the nonlinearities and employ optimal bilinear estimates
in the framework of Wave-Sobolev spaces. As a result, we show the equation is
locally wellposed in the Coulomb gauge for initial data sufficiently small in
$H^s$ for $s>{1/4}$.


title: A Holographic Dark Energy Model from Ricci Scalar Curvature

abstract:
  Motivated by the holographic principle, it has been suggested that the dark
energy density may be inversely proportional to the area of the event horizon
of the Universe. However, such a model would have a causality problem. In this
paper, we propose to replace the future event horizon area with the inverse of
the Ricci scalar curvature. We show that this model does not only avoid the
causality problem and is phenomenologically viable, but also naturally solves
the coincidence problem of dark energy. Our analysis of the evolution of
density perturbations show that the matter power spectra and CMB temperature
anisotropy is only slightly affected by such modification.


title:
Anomalous temperature dependence of the Casimir force for thin metal
  films

abstract:
  Within the framework of the Drude dispersive model, we predict an unusual
non-monotonous temperature dependence of the Casimir force for thin metal
films. For certain conditions, this force decreases with temperature due to the
decrease of the metallic conductivity, whereas the force increases at high
temperatures due to the increase of the thermal radiation pressure. We consider
the attraction of a film to: either (i) a bulk ideal metal with a planar
boundary, or (ii) a bulk metal sphere (lens). The experimental observation of
the predicted non-monotonous temperature dependence of the Casimir force can
put an end to the long-standing discussion on the role of the electron
relaxation in the Casimir effect.


title: New string vacua from twistor spaces

abstract:
  We find a new family of AdS_4 vacua in IIA string theory. The internal space
is topologically either the complex projective space CP^3 or the "flag
manifold" SU(3)/(U(1)xU(1)), but the metric is in general neither Einstein nor
Kaehler. All known moduli are stabilized by fluxes, without using quantum
effects or orientifold planes. The analysis is completely ten--dimensional and
does not rely on assumptions about Kaluza--Klein reduction.


title: Metastable Domains of the Landscape

abstract:
  We argue that the vast majority of flux vacua with small cosmological
constant are unstable to rapid decay to a big crunch. Exceptions are states
with large compactification volume and supersymmetric and approximately
supersymmetric states. Neither weak string coupling, warping, or the existence
of very light particles are, by themselves, enough to render states reasonably
metastable. We speculate, as well, about states which might be cosmological
attractors.


title: Prolongations of Lie algebras and applications

abstract:
  We study the skew-symmetric prolongation of a Lie subalgebra $\g \subseteq
\mathfrak{so}(n)$, in other words the intersection $\Lambda^3 \cap (\Lambda^1
\otimes \g)$.We compute this space in full generality. Applications include
uniqueness results for connections with skew-symmetric torsion and also the
proof of the Euclidean version of a conjecture posed in \cite{ofarill}
concerning a class of Pl\"ucker-type embeddings. We also derive a
classification of the metric k-Lie algebras (or Filipov algebras), in positive
signature and finite dimension. Prolongations of Lie algebras can also be used
to finish the classification, started in \cite{datri}, of manifolds admitting
Killing frames, or equivalently flat connections with 3-form torsion. Next we
study specific properties of invariant 4-forms of a given metric representation
and apply these considerations to classify the holonomy representation of
metric connections with vectorial torsion, that is with torsion contained in
$\Lambda^1 \subseteq \Lambda^1 \otimes \Lambda^2$.


title:
Correlation functions of an interacting spinless fermion model at finite
  temperature

abstract:
  We formulate correlation functions for a one-dimensional interacting spinless
fermion model at finite temperature. By combination of a lattice path integral
formulation for thermodynamics with the algebraic Bethe ansatz for fermion
systems, the equal-time one-particle Green's function at arbitrary particle
density is expressed as a multiple integral form. Our formula reproduces
previously known results in the following three limits: the zero-temperature,
the infinite-temperature and the free fermion limits.

categories: cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.MP nlin.SI


title: Birthday attack to discrete logarithm

abstract:
  The discrete logarithm in a finite group of large order has been widely
applied in public key cryptosystem. In this paper, we will present a
probabilistic algorithm for discrete logarithm.


title: Measures on two-component configuration spaces

abstract:
  We study measures on the configuration spaces of two type particles. Gibbs
measures on the such spaces are described. Main properties of corresponding
relative energies densities and correlation functions are considered. In
particular, we show that a support set for the such Gibbs measure is the set of
pairs of non-intersected configurations.


title:
Reconstruction of Markov Random Fields from Samples: Some Easy
  Observations and Algorithms

abstract:
  Markov random fields are used to model high dimensional distributions in a
number of applied areas. Much recent interest has been devoted to the
reconstruction of the dependency structure from independent samples from the
Markov random fields. We analyze a simple algorithm for reconstructing the
underlying graph defining a Markov random field on $n$ nodes and maximum degree
$d$ given observations. We show that under mild non-degeneracy conditions it
reconstructs the generating graph with high probability using $\Theta(d
\epsilon^{-2}\delta^{-4} \log n)$ samples where $\epsilon,\delta$ depend on the
local interactions. For most local interaction $\eps,\delta$ are of order
$\exp(-O(d))$.
  Our results are optimal as a function of $n$ up to a multiplicative constant
depending on $d$ and the strength of the local interactions. Our results seem
to be the first results for general models that guarantee that {\em the}
generating model is reconstructed. Furthermore, we provide explicit $O(n^{d+2}
\epsilon^{-2}\delta^{-4} \log n)$ running time bound. In cases where the
measure on the graph has correlation decay, the running time is $O(n^2 \log n)$
for all fixed $d$. We also discuss the effect of observing noisy samples and
show that as long as the noise level is low, our algorithm is effective. On the
other hand, we construct an example where large noise implies
non-identifiability even for generic noise and interactions. Finally, we
briefly show that in some simple cases, models with hidden nodes can also be
recovered.


title:
Ferromagnetic Quantum Critical Fluctuations and Anomalous Coexistence of
  Ferromagnetism and Superconductivity in UCoGe Revealed by Co-NMR and NQR
  Studies

abstract:
  Co nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR)
studies were performed in the recently discovered UCoGe, in which the
ferromagnetic and superconducting (SC) transitions were reported to occur at
$T_{\rm Curie} \sim 3$ K and $T_S \sim 0.8$ K (N. T. Huy {\it et al.}, Phys.
Rev. Lett. {\bf 99} (2007) 067006), in order to investigate the coexistence of
ferromagnetism and superconductivity as well as the normal-state and SC
properties from a microscopic point of view. From the nuclear spin-lattice
relaxation rate $1/T_1$ and Knight-shift measurements, we confirmed that
ferromagnetic fluctuations which possess a quantum critical character are
present above $T_{\rm Curie}$ and the occurrence of ferromagnetic transition at
2.5 K in our polycrystalline sample. The magnetic fluctuations in the normal
state show that UCoGe is an itinerant ferromagnet similar to ZrZn$_2$ and
YCo$_2$. The onset SC transition was identified at $T_S \sim 0.7$ K, below
which $1/T_1$ of 30 % of the volume fraction starts to decrease due to the
opening of the SC gap. This component of $1/T_1$, which follows a $T^3$
dependence in the temperature range of $0.3 - 0.1$ K, coexists with the
magnetic components of $1/T_1$ showing a $\sqrt{T}$ dependence below $T_S$.
  From the NQR measurements in the SC state, we suggest that the self-induced
vortex state is realized in UCoGe.


title: Quantum Cloning, Bell's Inequality and Teleportation

abstract:
  We analyze a possibility of using the two qubit output state from
Buzek-Hillery quantum copying machine (not necessarily universal quantum
cloning machine) as a teleportation channel. We show that there is a range of
values of the machine parameter $\xi$ for which the two qubit output state is
entangled and violates Bell-CHSH inequality and for a different range it
remains entangled but does not violate Bell-CHSH inequality. Further we observe
that for certain values of the machine parameter the two-qubit mixed state can
be used as a teleportation channel. The use of the output state from the
Buzek-Hillery cloning machine as a teleportation channel provides an additional
appeal to the cloning machine and motivation of our present work.


title: Thermalization of Color Gauge Fields in High Energy Heavy Ion Collisions

abstract:
  We discuss quantum mechanical decay of color magnetic field generated
initially at high energy heavy ion collisions. It is caused by Nielsen-Olesen
unstable modes and is accomplished possibly in a period $<1$fm/c. We show that
the decay products, i.e. incoherent gluons may be thermalized in a sufficiently
short period ($< 1$fm/c). The precise determination of the period is made by
calculating two point function of the color magnetic field in a model of color
glass condensate.


title:
Momentum-dependent resonant inelastic X-ray scattering at the Si K edge
  of 3C-SiC: A theoretical study on a relation between spectra and valence band
  dispersion

abstract:
  We theoretically demonstrate that a resonant inelastic x-ray scattering
  (RIXS) with a sizable momentum transfer can be utilized to study valence band
dispersion for broad band materials. We take RIXS at the Si K edge of 3C-SiC as
a typical example. The RIXS spectra are calculated by systematically changing
the transferred momentum, an incident photon polarization and an incident
photon energy, on the basis of an ab initio calculation. We find that the
spectra depend heavily on both the transferred momentum and the incident photon
polarization, and the peaks in the spectra correspond to the energies of the
valence bands. We conclude that the information on the energy dispersion of
valence bands can be extracted from the transferred momentum dependence of the
RIXS spectra. These findings lead to further application for RIXS when
investigating the band structure of broad band materials.


title: Voltage-driven quantum oscillations in graphene

abstract:
  We predict unusual (for non-relativistic quantum mechanics) electron states
in graphene, which are localized within a finite-width potential barrier. The
density of localized states in the sufficiently high and/or wide graphene
barrier exhibits a number of singularities at certain values of the energy.
Such singularities provide quantum oscillations of both the transport (e.g.,
conductivity) and thermodynamic properties of graphene - when increasing the
barrier height and/or width, similarly to the well-known Shubnikov-de-Haas
(SdH) oscillations of conductivity in pure metals. However, here the SdH-like
oscillations are driven by an electric field instead of the usual
magnetically-driven SdH-oscillations.


title:
Non-local electron transport and cross-resistance peak in NSN
  heterostructures

abstract:
  We develop a microscopic theory describing the peak in the temperature
dependence of the non-local resistance of three-terminal NSN devices. This peak
emerges at sufficiently high temperatures as a result of a competition between
quasiparticle/charge imbalance and subgap (Andreev) contributions to the
conductance matrix. Both the height and the shape of this peak demonstrate the
power law dependence on the superconductor thickness $L$ in contrast to the
zero-temperature non-local resistance which decays (roughly) exponentially with
increasing $L$. A similar behavior was observed in recent experiments.


title:
Deep ATLAS Radio Observations of the ELAIS-S1/Spitzer Wide-Area Infrared
  Extragalctic field

abstract:
  We have conducted sensitive (1 sigma<30 uJy) 1.4 GHz radio observations with
the Australia Telescope Compact Array of a field largely coincident with
infrared observations of the Spitzer Wide-Area Extragalactic Survey. The field
is centred on the European Large Area ISO Survey S1 region and has a total area
of 3.9 deg. We describe the observations and calibration, source extraction,
and cross-matching to infrared sources. Two catalogues are presented; one of
the radio components found in the image and one of radio sources with
counterparts in the infrared and extracted from the literature. 1366 radio
components were grouped into 1276 sources, 1183 of which were matched to
infrared sources. We discover 31 radio sources with no infrared counterpart at
all, adding to the class of Infrared-Faint Radio Sources.


title: Gauge Dependence in the Nonlinearly Realized Massive SU(2) Gauge Theory

abstract:
  The implementation of the 't Hooft alpha-gauge in the symmetrically
subtracted massive gauge theory based on the nonlinearly realized SU(2) gauge
group is discussed. The gauge independence of the self-mass of the gauge bosons
is proven by cohomological techniques.


title:
Measurements of J/\psi decays into \omega K \bar{K} \pi and \phi K
  \bar{K} \pi

abstract:
  The decays of $J/\psi \to \omega K\bar{K}\pi$ and $J/\psi \to \phi
K\bar{K}\pi$ are studied using $5.8 \times 10^{7}$ $J/\psi$ events collected
with the Beijing Spectrometer (BESII) at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider
(BEPC). The $K^{0}_{S}K^{\pm}\pi^{\mp}$ and $K^{+}K^{-}\pi^{0}$ systems,
produced in $J/\psi \to \omega K\bar{K}\pi$, have enhancements in the invariant
mass distributions at around 1.44 GeV/$c^{2}$. However, there is no evidence
for mass enhancements in the $K\bar{K}\pi$ system in $J/\psi \to \phi
K\bar{K}\pi$. The branching fractions of $J/\psi \to \omega
K^{0}_{S}K^{\pm}\pi^{\mp}$, $\phi K^{0}_{S}K^{\pm}\pi^{\mp}$, $\omega
K^{*}\bar{K}+c.c.$, and $\phi K^{*}\bar{K}+c.c.$ are obtained, and the $J/\psi
\to \eta K^{0}_{S}K^{\pm}\pi^{\mp}$ branching fraction is measured for the
first time.


title: Anomalous X-Ray emission in GRB060904B: a Nickel line?

abstract:
  The detection of an extra component in GRB060904B X-ray spectra in addition
to the standard single power-law behaviour has recently been reported in the
literature. This component can be fit with different models; in particular the
addition of a spectral line provides the best representation.In this paper we
investigate the physical properties that the surrounding medium must have in
order to produce a spectral feature that can explain the detected emission. We
analyse and discuss how and if the detected spectral excess fits in different
theoretical models developed to explain the nature of line emission during the
afterglow phase of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). Trasmission and reflection models
have been considered. Given the high value (>>1) of the Thomson optical depth,
the emission is likely to arise in a reflection scenario. Within reflection
models, the external reflection geometry fails to predict the observed
luminosity. On the contrary, the detected feature can be explained in a funnel
scenario with typical opening angle theta of 5 degrees, Nickel mass of the
order of 0.1 M_o and T=10^6 K. For theta=20 degrees, assuming the reprocessing
material to be the SN shell, the detected emission implies a Nickel mass of 0.4
M_o at T=10^7 K and a metallicity 10 times the solar value. If the giant X-ray
flare that dominates the early XRT light curve is identified with the ionizing
source, the SN expansion began 3000 s before the GRB event.


title:
Classical and Quantum Gravitational Collapse in d-dim AdS Spacetime I.
  Classical Solutions

abstract:
  We study the collapse of a spherically symmetric dust distribution in
$d$-dimensional AdS spacetime. We investigate the role of dimensionality, and
the presence of a negative cosmological constant, in determining the formation
of trapped surfaces and the end state of gravitational collapse. We obtain the
self-similar solution for the case of zero cosmological constant, and show that
one cannot construct a self-similar solution when a cosmological constant is
included.


title: One metric result about analytic continuation of some Dirichlet series

abstract:
  In this paper we consider certain 1-parametric family of Dirichlet series.
For a particular value of the parameter the series turns into the Dirichlet
series for the Riemann zeta function. We prove that almost every series of the
family has analytic continuation to the half plane Re s > 1/2 where it doesn't
vanish. The result was obtained before by different authors. We give its simple
proof in terms of estimates of some trigonometric sums.


title:
Block copolymers confined in a nanopore: Pathfinding in a curving and
  frustrating flatland

abstract:
  We have studied structure formation in a confined block copolymer melt by
means of dynamic density functional theory (DDFT). The confinement is
two-dimensional, and the confined geometry is that of a cylindrical nanopore.
Although the results of this study are general, our coarse-grained molecular
model is inspired by an experimental lamellae-forming PS-PBD diblock copolymer
system (Shin et al, Science, 306, 76 (2004)), in which an exotic toroidal
structure was observed upon confinement in alumina nanopores. Our computational
study shows that a zoo of exotic structures can be formed, although the
majority, including the catenoid, helix and double helix that were also found
in Monte Carlo (MC) nanopore studies, are metastable states. We introduce a
general classification scheme and consider the role of kinetics and
elongational pressure on stability and formation pathway of both equilibrium
and metastable structures in detail. We find that helicity and three-fold
connections mediate structural transitions on a larger scale. Moreover, by
matching the remaining parameter in our mesoscopic method, the Flory-Huggins
parameter, to the experimental system, we obtain a structure that resembles the
experimental toroidal structure in great detail. Here, the most important
factor seems to be the roughness of the pore, i.e. small variations of the pore
radius on a scale that is larger than the characteristic size in the system.


title: Systematic derivation of boundary Lax pairs

abstract:
  We systematically derive the Lax pair formulation for both discrete and
continuum integrable classical theories with consistent boundary conditions.


title:
Properties of the $\pi^0$, $\eta$, $\eta'$, $\sigma$, $f_0(980)$ and
  $a_0(980)$ mesons and their relevance for the polarizabilities of the nucleon

abstract:
  The signs and values of the two-photon couplings $F_{M\gamma\gamma}$ of
mesons $(M)$ and their couplings $g_{MNN}$ to the nucleon as entering into the
$t$-channel parts of the difference of the electromagnetic polarizabilities
$(\alpha-\beta)$ and the backward angle spin polarizabilities $\gamma_\pi$ are
determined. The excellent agreement achieved with the experimental
polarizabilities of the proton makes it possible to make reliable predictions
for the neutron. The results obtained are $\alpha_n=13.4\pm 1.0$,
$\beta_n=1.8\mp 1.0$ ($10^{-4}$ fm$^3$), and $\gamma^{(n)}_\pi=57.6\pm 1.8$
($10^{-4}$ fm$^4$). New empirical information on the flavor wave functions of
the $f_0(980)$ and the $a_0(980)$ meson is obtained.


title:
Pathways through interstellar matter: - From the closest stars to the
  most distant quasars

abstract:
  Observations of quasar absorption systems relevant for studies of star
formation at redshift 2 </= z </= 4 are briefly reviewed. Emphasis is given on
the role played by dust in our understanding of the star formation history of
galaxies detected as absorption systems. Local interstellar studies are used as
a reference for understanding the properties of high redshift interstellar
media. An example is shown of the potential effects of dust extinction on the
metallicity-N(HI) distribution obtained from magnitude-limited surveys of
damped lyman alpha absorbers.


title: Updated Values of Running Quark and Lepton Masses

abstract:
  Reliable values of quark and lepton masses are important for model building
at a fundamental energy scale, such as the Fermi scale M_Z \approx 91.2 GeV and
the would-be GUT scale \Lambda_GUT \sim 2 \times 10^16 GeV. Using the latest
data given by the Particle Data Group, we update the running quark and
charged-lepton masses at a number of interesting energy scales below and above
M_Z. In particular, we take into account the possible new physics scale (\mu
\sim 1 TeV) to be explored by the LHC and the typical seesaw scales (\mu \sim
10^9 GeV and \mu \sim 10^12 GeV) which might be relevant to the generation of
neutrino masses. For illustration, the running masses of three light Majorana
neutrinos are also calculated. Our up-to-date table of running fermion masses
are expected to be very useful for the study of flavor dynamics at various
energy scales.


title: A Catalog of Bright Star Clusters in the Interacting Galaxy M51

abstract:
  We present a catalog of star clusters with V_{F555W}<23 mag detected in the
interacting spiral galaxy M51 system based on the mosaic images taken with HST
ACS by the Hubble Heritage Team. We have selected about 3,600 clusters based on
their morphological information through the visual inspection. The final star
cluster catalog includes 2,224 clusters that are relatively well isolated and
have a circular shape. The star clusters in M51 are mostly distributed around
the spiral arms of NGC 5194. The color-magnitude diagrams show that most of the
star clusters in M51 are bluer than (B_{F435W}-V_{F555W}) = 0.5 and
(V_{F555W}-I_{F814W}) = 0.8. There are also some red star clusters with
(B_{F435W}-V_{F555W}) > 0.7, uniformly distributed over the M51 field. Some of
these red clusters are suspected to be a part of the halo or old disk
population based on their old ages (t >= 10^9 yrs) and their spatial
distribution. The luminosity function of the star clusters is fit well by a
single power law with \alpha = -2.59 \pm 0.03 for the range -10.0 <M_V < -8.0
mag. We find that the size distribution of the star clusters can be fit with
three Gaussian components with peaks at effective radii of 2.27, 4.80 and 7.51
pc. Some large star clusters with red color are faint fuzzy clusters, and they
are distributed not only around NGC 5195 but also around NGC 5194. These faint
fuzzies are found to display an elongated spatial distribution, while the
normal compact red clusters show a relatively uniform distribution around NGC
5194.


title: Unitary evolution of free massless fields in de Sitter space-time

abstract:
  We consider the quantum dynamics of a massless scalar field in de Sitter
space-time. The classical evolution is represented by a canonical
transformation on the phase space for the field theory. By studying the
corresponding Bogoliubov transformations, we show that the symplectic map that
encodes the evolution between two instants of time cannot be unitarily
implemented on any Fock space built from a SO(4)-symmetric complex structure.
We will show also that, in contrast with some effectively lower dimensional
examples arising from Quantum General Relativity such as Gowdy models, it is
impossible to find a time dependent conformal redefinition of the massless
scalar field leading to a quantum unitary dynamics.


title: Induced quantum dots and wires: electron storage and delivery

abstract:
  We show that quantum dots and quantum wires are formed underneath metal
electrodes deposited on a planar semiconductor heterostructure containing a
quantum well. The confinement is due to the self-focusing mechanism of an
electron wave packet interacting with the charge induced on the metal surface.
Induced quantum wires guide the transfer of electrons along metal paths and
induced quantum dots store the electrons in specific locations of the
nanostructure. Induced dots and wires can be useful for devices operating on
the electron spin.


title:
Rich methane laminar flames doped with light unsaturated hydrocarbons.
  Part III : cyclopentene

abstract:
  In line with the studies presented in the parts I and II of this paper, the
structure of a laminar rich premixed methane flame doped with cyclopentene has
been investigated. The gases of this flame contains 15.3% (molar) of methane,
26.7% of oxygen and 2.4% cyclopentene corresponding to an equivalence ratio of
1.79 and a ratio C5H8 / CH4 of 16 %. The flame has been stabilized on a burner
at a pressure of 6.7 kPa using argon as dilutant, with a gas velocity at the
burner of 36 cm/s at 333 K. The temperature ranged from 627 K close to the
burner up to 2027 K. Quantified species included usual methane C0-C2 combustion
products, but also propyne, allene, propene, propane, 1-butene, 1,3-butadiene,
1,2-butadiene, vinylacetylene, diacetylene, cyclopentadiene, 1,3-pentadiene,
benzene and toluene. A new mechanism for the oxidation of cyclopentene has been
proposed. The main reaction pathways of consumption of cyclopentene and of
formation of benzene and toluene have been derived from flow rate analyses.


title: Force spectroscopy on DNA by FM-AFM

abstract:
  We present imaging and force spectroscopy measurements of DNA molecules
adsorbed on functionalized mica. By means of Non-Contact mode AFM (NC-AFM) in
Ultra High Vacuum (UHV), the frequency shift (\Delta f) versus separation (z)
curves were measured providing a quantitative measurement of both force and
energy of the tip-DNA interaction. Similarly, topographic images of the
adsorbed DNA molecules in constant frequency shift mode were collected. The
high resolution force measurements confirm the imaging contrast difference
between the substrate and DNA. The force curves measured along the DNA molecule
can be divided into two classes showing marked differences in the minimum of
the interaction force and energy, indicating that NC-AFM could deliver chemical
contrast along the DNA molecule.


title: Curve alignment by moments

abstract:
  A significant problem with most functional data analyses is that of
misaligned curves. Without adjustment, even an analysis as simple as estimation
of the mean will fail. One common method to synchronize a set of curves
involves equating ``landmarks'' such as peaks or troughs. The landmarks method
can work well but will fail if marker events can not be identified or are
missing from some curves. An alternative approach, the ``continuous monotone
registration'' method, works by transforming the curves so that they are as
close as possible to a target function. This method can also perform well but
is highly dependent on identifying an accurate target function. We develop an
alignment method based on equating the ``moments'' of a given set of curves.
These moments are intended to capture the locations of important features which
may represent local behavior, such as maximums and minimums, or more global
characteristics, such as the slope of the curve averaged over time. Our method
works by equating the moments of the curves while also shrinking toward a
common shape. This allows us to capture the advantages of both the landmark and
continuous monotone registration approaches. The method is illustrated on
several data sets and a simulation study is performed.


title: C*-Algebras over Topological Spaces: The Bootstrap Class

abstract:
  We carefully define and study C*-algebras over topological spaces, possibly
non-Hausdorff, and review some relevant results from point-set topology along
the way. We explain the triangulated category structure on the bivariant
Kasparov theory over a topological space. We introduce and describe an analogue
of the bootstrap class for C*-algebras over a finite topological space.


title: Instantons on ALE spaces and orbifold partitions

abstract:
  We consider N=4 theories on ALE spaces of $A_{k-1}$ type. As is well known,
their partition functions coincide with $A_{k-1}$ affine characters. We show
that these partition functions are equal to the generating functions of some
peculiar classes of partitions which we introduce under the name 'orbifold
partitions'. These orbifold partitions turn out to be related to the
generalized Frobenius partitions introduced by G. E. Andrews some years ago. We
relate the orbifold partitions to the blended partitions and interpret
explicitly in terms of a free fermion system.


title: A New Type of Singularity Theorem

abstract:
  A new type of singularity theorem, based on spatial averages of physical
quantities, is presented and discussed. Alternatively, the results inform us of
when a spacetime can be singularity-free. This theorem provides a decisive
observational difference between singular and non-singular, globally
hyperbolic, open cosmological models.


title: Quantum back-reaction problems

abstract:
  The macroscopic behavior of many physical systems can be approximately
described by classical quantities. However, quantum theory demands the
existence of omnipresent quantum fluctuations on top of this classical
background -- which, albeit small, should have some impact onto its dynamics.
The correct treatment of this quantum back-reaction is one of the main problems
in quantum gravity and related to fundamental questions such as the initial
(big bang) singularity or the cosmological constant. By means of the
qualitative analogy between gravity and fluid dynamics, we try to shed some
light onto these problems and show some of the difficulties associated with the
calculation of the quantum back-reaction starting from the classical
(macroscopic) equation of motion.


title: Non-thermal leptogenesis and gravitino problem in inflaton decay

abstract:
  In the present work we discuss baryon asymmetry in the non-thermal
leptogenesis scenario and gravitino cosmology for an unstable gravitino with
inflaton decay. We take into account two production mechanisms for gravitino,
namely thermal production and inflaton decay. We wish to show in plots the
allowed parameter space so that the BBN constraint and the requirement for the
right baryon asymmetry are satisfied at the same time. However our analysis
shows that it is impossible to achieve both goals simultaneously.


title:
Answer to Comment on "Ultrametricity in the Edwards-Anderson Model"
  arXiv:0709.0894

abstract:
  This reply shows that the argument presented in the comment by Jorg and
Krzakala (cond mat 0709.0894) cannot be used to weaken the results presented in
our paper on ultrametricity evidence in the 3d Edwards Anderson model (PRL 99,
057206, 2007; cond-mat/0607376). Our work in fact was mainly based on
identifying the scaling law that governs the large volume approach to
ultrametricity while NO asymptotic analysis has been done in (cond mat
0709.0894). We show here that the same method we used in our paper, when
properly applied to the 2d case, reveals the expected lack of RSB picture at
positive temperature, despite the fact that for a fixed finite volume some
ultrametric features might still be seen in the joint overlap probability
distribution. Those features disappear for increasing volume or when the system
is away from the critical curve in the (T,d) plane.


title: Quantum well states in Fe/Nb(001) multilayers: First principles study

abstract:
  We present a first-principles study to understand the phenomena of interlayer
exchange coupling in Fe/Nb multilayers using the linearized-muffin-tin-orbitals
method within the generalized gradient approximation. We find that the exchange
coupling oscillates with both short and long periodicities, which have been
examined in terms of the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) model as well as
the quantum well (QW) model. We have investigated the behavior of the exchange
coupling by artificially varying moments of Fe atoms in ferromagnetic layers.
For a small moment of Fe, the coupling shows bilinearity in the magnetic
moments, implying its RKKY character. However, at higher moments close to that
of bulk Fe, the saturation of long-period oscillations is in accordance with
the QW model. Quantum well dispersions around the Fermi level demonstrate that
the majority-spin bands contribute largely to the formation of quantum well
states, which we analyze quantitatively by making use of the phase accumulation
model. Our analysis indicates that the quantum well model gives a better
description of the oscillatory behavior of the exchange coupling in Fe/Nb
multilayers.


title: Experimental and modeling study of the autoignition of cyclopentane

abstract:
  Ignition delay times of cyclopentene-oxygen-argon mixtures were measured
behind reflected shock waves. Mixtures contained 0.5 or 1 % of hydrocarbons for
equivalence ratios ranging from 0.5 to 1.5. Reflected shock waves conditions
were: temperatures from 1300 to 1700 K and pressures from 7 to 9 atm. When
comparing to previous results obtained under similar conditions, it can be
observed that the reactivity of cyclopentene is much lower than that of
cyclohexene, but very close to that of cyclopentane. A kinetic mechanism
recently proposed for the combustion of cyclopentene in a flame has been used
to model these results and a satisfactory agreement has been obtained. The main
reaction pathways have been derived from flow rate, simulated temporal profiles
of products and sensitivity analyses.


title: Stability of 3D black hole with torsion

abstract:
  Using $N=1+1$ supersymmetric extension of the three-dimensional gravity with
torsion, we show that a generic black hole has no exact supersymmetries, the
extremal black hole has only one, while the zero-energy black hole has two.
Combining these results with the asymptotic supersymmetry algebra, we are
naturally led to interpret the zero-energy black hole as the ground state of
the Ramond sector, and analogously, the anti-de Sitter solution as the ground
state of the Neveau-Schwartz sector.


title: Milestones of the PHENIX experiment at RHIC

abstract:
  The latest PHENIX results for particle production are presented in this
paper. A suppression of the yield of high p_t (transverse momentum) hadrons in
central Au+Au collisions is found. In contrast, direct photons are not
suppressed in central Au+Au collisions and no suppression of high p_t particles
can be seen in d+Au collisions. This leads to the conclusion that the dense
medium formed in central Au+Au collisions is responsible for the suppression.
It is as well found, that the properties of this medium are similar to the one
of a liquid. Further measurements provide information about the chiral dynamics
of the system.


title: Reaction-Subdiffusion Equations for the A <--> B Reaction

abstract:
  We consider a simple linear reversible isomerization reaction A <--> B under
subdiffusion described by continuous time random walks (CTRW). The reactants'
transformations take place independently on the motion and are described by
constant rates. We show that the form of the ensuing system of mesoscopic
reaction-subdiffusion is somewhat unusual: the equation giving the time
derivative of one reactant concentration, say A(x,t), contains the terms
depending not only on Laplacian A, but also on Laplacian B, i.e. depends also
on the transport operator of another reactant. Physically this is due to the
fact that several transitions from A to B and back may take place at one site
before the particle jumps.


title: Internal energy in dissipative relativistic fluids

abstract:
  Liu procedure is applied to a first order weakly nonlocal special
relativistic fluid. It is shown, that a reasonable relativistic theory is and
extended one, where the basic state space contains the momentum density. This
property follows from the structure of the energy-momentum balance and the
Second Law of thermodynamics. Moreover, the entropy depends on the energy
density and the momentum density on a given specific way, indicating that the
local rest frame energy density cannot be interpreted as the internal energy,
the local rest frame momentum density should be considered, too. The
corresponding constitutive relations for the stress and the energy flux are
derived.


title: Search for massive rare particles with the SLIM experiment

abstract:
  The SLIM experiment is a large array of nuclear track detectors located at
the Chacaltaya High Altitude Laboratory (5260 m a.s.l.). The preliminary
results from the analysis of ~383 m^2 exposed for 4.07 y are here reported. The
detector is sensitive to Intermediate Mass Magnetic Monopoles, 10^5 < M_M <
10^12 GeV, and to SQM nuggets and Q-balls, which are possible Dark Matter
candidates.


title: Thermal diffusion and bending kinetics in nematic elastomer cantilever

abstract:
  Vertically aligned mono-domain nematic liquid crystal elastomers contract
when heated. If a temperature gradient is applied across the width of such a
cantilever, inhomogeneous strain distribution leads to bending motion. We
modelled the kinetics of thermally-induced bending in the limit of a long thin
strip and the predicted time-variation of curvature agreed quantitatively with
experimental data from samples with a range of critical indices and
nematic-isotropic transition temperatures. We also deduced a value for the
thermal diffusion coefficient of the elastomer.


title: Multi Eruption Solar Energetic Particle Events Observed with SOHO/ERNE

abstract:
  A combination of many Solar energetic particle (SEP) events, each one of
which is associated with a single eruption, can create one complex
intensity-time profile, that will result in masking the observation of the
first injected particles detected near Earth for each participated eruption. We
defined such SEP events as Multi Eruption Solar Energetic Particle (MESEP)
events. We have investigated the intensity-time profile of 333 solar energetic
particle events during the operation time of SOHO mission and studied the
associative solar eruptions (CMEs and solar flare) from the starting time of
each event till the end. We found that most of the events have multi eruption
phenomena which might or might not affect the intensity-time profile. We found
that it is possible to know the real effect of some of the eruptions during the
whole duration of the event, even if their effect as masked by the first
eruption, by studying the widest possible energy range, the $^4He/P$ ratio and
the anisotropy.


title: Missing Baryons, from Clusters to Groups of Galaxies

abstract:
  From clusters to groups of galaxies, the powerful bremsstrahlung radiation
L_X emitted in X rays by the intracluster plasma is observed to decline sharply
with lowering virial temperatures T (i.e., at shallower depths of the
gravitational wells) after a steep local L_X-T correlation; this implies
increasing scarcity of diffuse baryons relative to dark matter, well under the
cosmic fraction. We show how the widely debated issue concerning these `missing
baryons' is solved in terms of the thermal and/or dynamical effects of the
kinetic (at low redshifts z) and radiative (at high z) energy inputs from
central active galactic nuclei, of which independent evidence is being
observed. From these inputs we compute shape and z-evolution expected for L_X-T
correlation which agree with the existing data, and provide a predictive
pattern for future observations.


title: On types of growth for graph-different permutations

abstract:
  We consider an infinite graph G whose vertex set is the set of natural
numbers and adjacency depends solely on the difference between vertices. We
study the largest cardinality of a set of permutations of [n] any pair of which
differ somewhere in a pair of adjacent vertices of G and determine it
completely in an interesting special case. We give estimates for other cases
and compare the results in case of complementary graphs. We also explore the
close relationship between our problem and the concept of Shannon capacity
"within a given type".


title: The Jagiellonians and the Stars

abstract:
  The largest centre for astronomical and astrological study in the fifteenth
century was the University of Cracow, which always was under special care of
Jagiellonians. The use of astronomy and astrology at Jagiellonian courts in the
fifteenth and sixteenth centuries were very common. We try to convince the
reader about this, exposing very limited historical sources.


title: The growth of ZnO crystals from the melt

abstract:
  The peculiar properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) make this material interesting
for very different applications like light emitting diodes, lasers, and
piezoelectric transducers. Most of these applications are based on epitaxial
ZnO layers grown on suitable substrates, preferably bulk ZnO. Unfortunately the
thermochemical properties of ZnO make the growth of single crystals difficult:
the triple point 1975 deg C., 1.06 bar and the high oxygen fugacity at the
melting point p_O2 = 0.35 bar lead to the prevailing opinion that ZnO crystals
for technical applications can only be grown either by a hydrothermal method or
from "cold crucibles" of solid ZnO. Both methods are known to have significant
drawbacks. Our thermodynamic calculations and crystal growth experiments show,
that in contrast to widely accepted assumptions, ZnO can be molten in metallic
crucibles, if an atmosphere with "self adjusting" p_O2 is used. This new result
is believed to offer new perspectives for ZnO crystal growth by established
standard techniques like the Bridgman method.


title:
Critical Temperature and Condensate Fraction of a Fermion Pair
  Condensate

abstract:
  We report on measurements of the critical temperature and the temperature
dependence of the condensate fraction for a fermion pair condensate of 6Li
atoms. The Bragg spectroscopy is employed to determine the critical temperature
and the condensate fraction after a fast magnetic field ramp to the molecular
side of the Feshbach resonance. Our measurements reveal the level-off of the
critical temperature and the limiting behavior of condensate fraction near the
unitarity limit.


title: Unbounded Error Quantum Query Complexity

abstract:
  This work studies the quantum query complexity of Boolean functions in a
scenario where it is only required that the query algorithm succeeds with a
probability strictly greater than 1/2. We show that, just as in the
communication complexity model, the unbounded error quantum query complexity is
exactly half of its classical counterpart for any (partial or total) Boolean
function. Moreover, we show that the "black-box" approach to convert quantum
query algorithms into communication protocols by Buhrman-Cleve-Wigderson
[STOC'98] is optimal even in the unbounded error setting.
  We also study a setting related to the unbounded error model, called the
weakly unbounded error setting, where the cost of a query algorithm is given by
q+log(1/2(p-1/2)), where q is the number of queries made and p>1/2 is the
success probability of the algorithm. In contrast to the case of communication
complexity, we show a tight Theta(log n) separation between quantum and
classical query complexity in the weakly unbounded error setting for a partial
Boolean function. We also show the asymptotic equivalence between them for some
well-studied total Boolean functions.


title: Microlensing Effects in Atmospheres of Substars

abstract:
  The purpose of the present work is the study of focusing properties of
atmospheres of substars that is necessary for adequate interpreting of
observational data and for solving the inverse problem consisting in recovery
parameters of 'microlenses' (substars) and sources (quasars). Amplification
factor for a quasar image as projected onto the field of microlenses-substars
was computed for optical and radio wavelengths.


title: Excitations in two-component Bose-gases

abstract:
  In this paper, we study a strongly correlated quantum system that has become
amenable to experiment by the advent of ultracold bosonic atoms in optical
lattices, a chain of two different bosonic constituents. Excitations in this
system are first considered within the framework of bosonization and Luttinger
liquid theory which are applicable if the Luttinger liquid parameters are
determined numerically. The occurrence of a bosonic counterpart of fermionic
spin-charge separation is signalled by a characteristic two-peak structure in
the spectral functions found by dynamical DMRG in good agreement with
analytical predictions. Experimentally, single-particle excitations as probed
by spectral functions are currently not accessible in cold atoms. We therefore
consider the modifications needed for current experiments, namely the
investigation of the real-time evolution of density perturbations instead of
single particle excitations, a slight inequivalence between the two
intraspecies interactions in actual experiments, and the presence of a
confining trap potential. Using time-dependent DMRG we show that only
quantitative modifications occur. With an eye to the simulation of strongly
correlated quantum systems far from equilibrium we detect a strong dependence
of the time-evolution of entanglement entropy on the initial perturbation,
signalling limitations to current reasonings on entanglement growth in
many-body systems.


title: Spectroscopic Families Among Diffuse Interstellar Bands

abstract:
  Looking for spectroscopic families in the whole set of discovered diffuse
interstellar bands (DIBs) is an indirect trial of solving the problem of DIBs'
carriers. Basing on optical high resolution spectra, covering the range from
5655 to 7020 \AA, we found few relatively strong DIBs which are not well
correlated one with another and therefore they may play a role of
representatives of separate spectroscopic families. In the next step we
indicated DIBs which tend to follow the behaviour of their representatives. As
a result of our analysis we propose few, probably not complete yet,
spectroscopic families of DIBs.


title: Stability of Q-balls and Catastrophe

abstract:
  We propose a practical method for analyzing stability of Q-balls for the
whole parameter space, which includes the intermediate region between the
thin-wall limit and thick-wall limit as well as Q-bubbles (Q-balls in false
vacuum), using the catastrophe theory. We apply our method to the two concrete
models, $V_3=m^2\phi^2/2-\mu\phi^3+\lambda\phi^4$ and
$V_4=m^2\phi^2/2-\lambda\phi^4+\phi^6/M^2$. We find that $V_3$ and $V_4$ Models
fall into {\it fold catastrophe} and {\it cusp catastrophe}, respectively, and
their stability structures are quite different from each other.


title: X-ray Timing Analysis of Six Pulsars Using ESA's XMM-Newton Observatory

abstract:
  We present results of a timing analysis of various isolated pulsars using
ESA's \emph{XMM-Newton} observatory. Isolated pulsars are useful for
calibration purposes because of their stable emission. We have analyzed six
pulsars with different pulse profiles in a range of periods between 15 and 200
ms. All observations were made using the \emph{EPIC-pn camera} in its faster
modes (Small window, Timing and Burst modes). We investigate the relative
timing accuracy of the camera by comparing the pulse periods determined from
the \emph{EPIC-pn camera} observations with those from radio observations. As a
result of our analysis we conclude that the relative timing accuracy of the
\emph{EPIC-pn camera} is of the order of $1\times 10^{-8}$.


title: Interstellar C_2 Molecule Detected in UV Spectra of Reddened Stars

abstract:
  $C_2$ molecule is sometimes considered as a crucial component of carriers of
some diffuse interstellar bands. Using UV data achieved by spectrometer STIS
fed with HST we detected interstellar $C_2$ lines for few reddened target
stars. We tried to verify the idea that intensity of $C_2$ lines around 2313
\AA is correlated with some diffuse interstellar bands.


title:
Neutrino mass hierarchy and Majorana CP phases within the Higgs triplet
  model at the LHC

abstract:
  Neutrino masses may be generated by the VEV of an $SU(2)_L$ Higgs triplet. We
assume that the doubly charged component of such a triplet has a mass in the
range of several 100 GeV, such that it is accessible at LHC. Its decay into
like-sign leptons provides a clean experimental signature, which allows for a
direct test of the neutrino mass matrix. By exploring the branching ratios of
this decay into leptons of various flavours, we show that within this model the
type of the neutrino mass spectrum (normal, inverted or quasi-degenerate) might
actually be resolved at the LHC. Furthermore, we show that within the Higgs
triplet model for neutrino mass the decays of the doubly charged scalar into
like-sign lepton pairs at the LHC provide a possibility to determine the
Majorana CP phases of the lepton mixing matrix.


title:
A Multiple System of Radio Sources at the Core of the L723 Multipolar
  Outflow

abstract:
  We present high angular resolution Very Large Array multi-epoch continuum
observations at 3.6 cm and 7 mm towards the core of the L723 multipolar outflow
revealing a multiple system of four radio sources suspected to be YSOs in a
region of only ~4 arcsecs (1200 AU) in extent. The 3.6 cm observations show
that the previously detected source VLA 2 contains a close (separation ~0.29
arcsecs or ~90 AU) radio binary, with components (A and B) along a position
angle of ~150 degrees. The northern component (VLA 2A) of this binary system is
also detected in the 7 mm observations, with a positive spectral index between
3.6 cm and 7 mm. In addition, the source VLA 2A is associated with extended
emission along a position angle of ~115 degrees, that we interpret as
outflowing shock-ionized gas that is exciting a system of HH objects with the
same position angle. A third, weak 3.6 cm source, VLA 2C, that is detected also
at 7 mm, is located ~0.7 arcsecs northeast of VLA 2A, and is possibly
associated with the water maser emission in the region. The 7 mm observations
reveal the presence of an additional source, VLA 2D, located ~3.5 arcsecs
southeast of VLA 2A, and with a 1.35 mm counterpart. All these radio continuum
sources have a positive spectral index, compatible with them being YSOs. We
also propose that the high velocity CO emission observed in the region could be
the superposition of multiple outflows (at least three independent bipolar
outflows) excited by the YSOs located at the core, instead of the previous
interpretations in terms of only one or two outflows.


title: On contact equivalence of systems of ordinary differential equations

abstract:
  We consider a problem of equivalence of generic pairs $(X,V)$ on a manifold
$M$, where $V$ is a distribution of rank $m$ and $X$ is a distribution of rank
one. We construct a canonical bundle with a canonical frame. We prove that two
pairs are equivalent if and only if the corresponding frames are diffeomorphic.
  As a particular case, with $V$ integrable, we provide a new solution to the
problem of contact equivalence of systems of $m$ ordinary differential
equations: $x^{(k+1)}=F(t,x,x',...,x^{(k)})$, where $k>2$ or $k=2$ and $m>1$.


title:
Detecting abrupt changes of the long-range dependence or the
  self-similarity of a Gaussian process

abstract:
  In this paper, an estimator of $m$ instants ($m$ is known) of abrupt changes
of the parameter of long-range dependence or self-similarity is proved to
satisfy a limit theorem with an explicit convergence rate for a sample of a
Gaussian process. In each estimated zone where the parameter is supposed not to
change, a central limit theorem is established for the parameter's (of
long-range dependence, self-similarity) estimator and a goodness-of-fit test is
also built. {\it To cite this article: J.M. Bardet, I. Kammoun, C. R. Acad.
Sci. Paris, Ser. I 340 (2007).}


title: Abel maps of Gorenstein curves

abstract:
  For a Gorenstein curve X and a nonsingular point P of X, we construct Abel
maps A from X to J_X^1 and A_P from X to J_X^0, where J_X^i is the moduli
scheme for simple, torsion-free, rank-1 sheaves on X of degree i. The image
curves of A and A_P are shown to have the same arithmetic genus of X. Also, A
and A_P are shown to be embeddings away from rational subcurves L of X meeting
the closure of X-L in separating nodes. Finally, we establish a connection with
Seshadri's moduli scheme U_X(1) for semistable, torsion-free, rank-1 sheaves on
X, obtaining an embedding of A(X) into U_X(1).


title: Accounting for spatial correlation in the scan statistic

abstract:
  The spatial scan statistic is widely used in epidemiology and medical studies
as a tool to identify hotspots of diseases. The classical spatial scan
statistic assumes the number of disease cases in different locations have
independent Poisson distributions, while in practice the data may exhibit
overdispersion and spatial correlation. In this work, we examine the behavior
of the spatial scan statistic when overdispersion and spatial correlation are
present, and propose a modified spatial scan statistic to account for that.
Some theoretical results are provided to demonstrate that ignoring the
overdispersion and spatial correlation leads to an increased rate of false
positives, which is verified through a simulation study. Simulation studies
also show that our modified procedure can substantially reduce the rate of
false alarms. Two data examples involving brain cancer cases in New Mexico and
chickenpox incidence data in France are used to illustrate the practical
relevance of the modified procedure.


title: Interacting Galaxies with MOND

abstract:
  We compare N-body simulations performed in MOND with analogs in Newtonian
gravity with dark matter (DM). We have developed a code which solves the
Poisson equation in both gravity models. It is a grid solver using adaptive
mesh refinement techniques, allowing us to study isolated galaxies as well as
interacting galaxies. Galaxies in MOND are found to form bars faster and
stronger than in the DM model. In Newton dynamics, it is difficult to reproduce
the observed high frequency of strong bars, while MOND appears to fit better
the observations. Galaxy interactions and mergers, such as the Antennae, are
also simulated with Newton and MOND dynamics. In the latter, dynamical friction
is much weaker, and merging time-scales are longer. The formation of tidal
dwarf galaxies in tidal tails are also compared in MOND and Newton+DM models.


title: Bounds on Tur{\'a}n determinants

abstract:
  Let \mu denote a symmetric probability measure on
  [-1,1] and let (p_n) be the corresponding orthogonal polynomials normalized
such that p_n(1)=1. We prove that the normalized Tur{\'a}n determinant
\Delta_n(x)/(1-x^2), where \Delta_n=p_n^2-p_{n-1}p_{n+1}, is a Tur{\'a}n
determinant of order n-1 for orthogonal polynomials with respect to
(1-x^2)d\mu(x). We use this to prove lower and upper bounds for the normalized
Tur{\'a}n determinant in the interval -1<x<1.


title: Trapping Abelian anyons in fractional quantum Hall droplets

abstract:
  We study the trapping of Abelian anyons (quasiholes and quasiparticles) by a
local potential (e.g., induced by an AFM tip) in a microscopic model of
fractional quantum Hall liquids with long-range Coulomb interaction and edge
confining potential. We find, in particular, at Laughlin filling fraction $\nu
= 1/3$, both quasihole and quasiparticle states can emerge as the ground state
of the system in the presence of the trapping potential. As expected, we find
the presence of an Abelian quasihole has no effect on the edge spectrum of the
quantum liquid, unlike in the non-Abelian case [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 97},
256804 (2006)]. Although quasiholes and quasiparticles can emerge generically
in the system, their stability depends on the strength of the confining
potential, the strength and the range of the trapping potential. We discuss the
relevance of the calculation to the high-accuracy generation and control of
individual anyons in potential experiments, in particular, in the context of
topological quantum computing.


title: Accelerating expansion and change of signature

abstract:
  We show that some types of sudden singularities admit a natural explanation
in terms of regular changes of signature on brane-worlds in AdS$_{5}$. The
present accelerated expansion of the Universe and its possible ending at a
sudden singularity may therefore simply be an indication that our braneworld is
about to change its Lorentzian signature to an Euclidean one, while remaining
fully regular. An explicit example of this behaviour satisfying the weak and
strong energy conditions is presented.


title: Strongly localized quantum crystalline states of the jellium model

abstract:
  We consider a system made up of N electrons interacting with a neutralizing
positive background within a cubic box of volume V. After dividing the box into
N (or N/2) cubic cells for the polarized (unpolarized) case, we average the
creation field operator over each cell with a suitable weight function and we
consider the quantum crystalline states obtained by letting all the average
operators act on the vacuum state. These states exclude the possibility that
each cell may momentarily contain more than one or two electrons in the
polarized or unpolarized case. The expectation value of the Hamiltonian over
this class of states is evaluated in the thermodynamic limit and the weight
function is chosen in such a way to minimize the expectation value. The
involved numerical analysis is explicitly performed with a weight function
having a generalized Gaussian shape depending on a parameter. It turns out that
the unpolarized and polarized quantum crystalline states yield an energy per
particle smaller than the homogeneous Hartree-Fock ones for r_s>90 and r_s>28,
respectively. Moreover, for the polarized case, the energy per particle at
r_s=100 is -0.01448ryd close {to -0.0153530(8)ryd, the best quantum Monte Carlo
value [Drummond et al., Phys. Rev.B {\bf 69}, 085116, (2004)] and this
discrepancy measures the correlation contribution neglected in our
approximation.


title: Spectral Radius and Amenability in Hilbert Geometries

abstract:
  We study the bottom of the spectrum in Hilbert geometries, we show that it is
zero if and only if the geometry is amenable, in other words if and only if it
admits a F\"olner sequence. We also show that the bottom of the spectrum admits
an upper bound, which depends only on the dimension and which is the bottom of
the spectrum of the Hyperbolic geometry of the same dimension. Horoballs, from
a purely metric point of view, and their relation with the bottom of the
spectrum in Hilbert geometries are briefly studied.