title: Self-Organization of Mobile Populations in Cyclic Competition

abstract:
  The formation of out-of-equilibrium patterns is a characteristic feature of
spatially-extended, biodiverse, ecological systems. Intriguing examples are
provided by cyclic competition of species, as metaphorically described by the
`rock-paper-scissors' game. Both experimentally and theoretically, such
non-transitive interactions have been found to induce self-organization of
static individuals into noisy, irregular clusters. However, a profound
understanding and characterization of such patterns is still lacking. Here, we
theoretically investigate the influence of individuals' mobility on the spatial
structures emerging in rock-paper-scissors games. We devise a quantitative
approach to analyze the spatial patterns self-forming in the course of the
stochastic time evolution. For a paradigmatic model originally introduced by
May and Leonard, within an interacting particle approach, we demonstrate that
the system's behavior - in the proper continuum limit - is aptly captured by a
set of stochastic partial differential equations. The system's stochastic
dynamics is shown to lead to the emergence of entangled rotating spiral waves.
While the spirals' wavelength and spreading velocity is demonstrated to be
accurately predicted by a (deterministic) complex Ginzburg-Landau equation,
their entanglement results from the inherent stochastic nature of the
system.These findings and our methods have important applications for
understanding the formation of noisy patterns, e.g., in ecological and
evolutionary contexts, and are also of relevance for the kinetics of
(bio)-chemical reactions.

categories: q-bio.PE cond-mat.stat-mech nlin.AO physics.bio-ph


title: Quasiparticle Trapping In Three Terminal Ferromagnetic Tunneling Devices

abstract:
  Hybrid Superconductor/Ferromagnet structures have been investigated recently
to address the interplay between ferromagnetism and superconductivity. They
also open up new routes for the investigation of out of equilibrium
superconductivity. Here, we show how it is possible for out of equilibrium
excitations produced in a superconducting thin film (S) to be localized in a
ferromagnetic trap (F). Specifically, a ferromagnetic nano-volume in good
contact with S represents a potential well for the quasiparticles (QPs) at the
gap edge. As the superconducting proximity effect is highly suppressed in F,
QPs get efficiently trapped and they share their energy with the free electrons
in the trap. The electronic temperature Te in the trap can be increased by up
to 60% from the bath temperature at 320 mK as measured by tunneling
spectroscopy using a second junction.


title: Collider aspects of flavour physics at high Q

abstract:
  This review presents flavour related issues in the production and decays of
heavy states at LHC, both from the experimental side and from the theoretical
side. We review top quark physics and discuss flavour aspects of several
extensions of the Standard Model, such as supersymmetry, little Higgs model or
models with extra dimensions. This includes discovery aspects as well as
measurement of several properties of these heavy states. We also present public
available computational tools related to this topic.


title:
The wetting problem of fluids on solid surfaces. Part 1: the dynamics of
  contact lines

abstract:
  The understanding of the spreading of liquids on solid surfaces is an
important challenge for contemporary physics. Today, the motion of the contact
line formed at the intersection of two immiscible fluids and a solid is still
subject to dispute. In this paper, a new picture of the dynamics of wetting is
offered through an example of non-Newtonian slow liquid movements. The
kinematics of liquids at the contact line and equations of motion are
revisited. Adherence conditions are required except at the contact line.
Consequently, for each fluid, the velocity field is multivalued at the contact
line and generates an equivalent concept of line friction but stresses and
viscous dissipation remain bounded. A Young-Dupr\'e equation for the apparent
dynamic contact angle between the interface and solid surface depending on the
movements of the fluid near the contact line is proposed.


title: Large Top Mass and Non-Linear Representation of Flavour Symmetry

abstract:
  We consider an effective theory (ET) approach to flavour-violating processes
beyond the Standard Model (SM), where the breaking of flavour symmetry is
described by spurion fields whose low-energy vacuum expectation values are
identified with the SM Yukawa couplings. Insisting on canonical mass dimensions
for the spurion fields, the large top-quark Yukawa coupling also implies a
large expectation value for the associated spurion, which breaks part of the
flavour symmetry already at the UV scale Lambda of the ET. Below that scale,
flavour symmetry in the ET is represented in a non-linear way by introducing
Goldstone modes for the partly broken flavour symmetry and spurion fields
transforming under the residual symmetry. As a result, the dominance of certain
flavour structures in rare quark decays can be understood in terms of the
1/Lambda expansion in the ET. We also discuss the generalization to
2-Higgs-doublet models with large tan(beta).


title:
The all-particle spectrum of primary cosmic rays in the wide energy
  range from 10^14 eV to 10^17 eV observed with the Tibet-III air-shower array

abstract:
  We present an updated all-particle energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays in
a wide range from 10^14 eV to 10^17 eV using 5.5 times 10^7 events collected in
the period from 2000 November through 2004 October by the Tibet-III air-shower
array located at 4300 m above sea level (atmospheric depth of 606 g/cm^2). The
size spectrum exhibits a sharp knee at a corresponding primary energy around 4
PeV. This work uses increased statistics and new simulation calculations for
the analysis. We performed extensive Monte Carlo calculations and discuss the
model dependences involved in the final result assuming interaction models of
QGSJET01c and SIBYLL2.1 and primary composition models of heavy dominant (HD)
and proton dominant (PD) ones. Pure proton and pure iron primary models are
also examined as extreme cases. The detector simulation was also made to
improve the accuracy of determining the size of the air showers and the energy
of the primary particle. We confirmed that the all-particle energy spectra
obtained under various plausible model parameters are not significantly
different from each other as expected from the characteristics of the
experiment at the high altitude, where the air showers of the primary energy
around the knee reaches near maximum development and their features are
dominated by electromagnetic components leading to the weak dependence on the
interaction model or the primary mass. This is the highest-statistical and the
best systematics-controlled measurement covering the widest energy range around
the knee energy region.


title: On the Spezialschar of Maass

abstract:
  Let $M_k^{(n)}$ be the space of Siegel modular forms of degree $n$ and even
weight $k$. In this paper firstly a certain subspace
$\mathsf{Spez}(M_k^{(2n)})$ the Spezialschar of $M_k^{(2n)}$ is introduced. In
the setting of the Siegel three-fold it is proven that this Spezialschar is the
Maass Spezialschar. Secondly an embedding of $M_k^{(2)}$ into a direct sum
$\oplus_{\nu = 0}^{\lfloor \frac{k}{10} \rfloor} \text{Sym}^2 M_{k + 2 \nu}$ is
given. This leads to a basic characterization of the Spezialschar property. The
results of this paper are directly related to the non-vanishing of certain
special values of L-functions related to the Gross-Prasad conjecture. This is
illustrated by a significant example in the paper.


title: Conditional probabilities and collapse in quantum measurements

abstract:
  We show that including both the system and the apparatus in the quantum
description of the measurement process, and using the concept of conditional
probabilities, it is possible to deduce the statistical operator of the system
after a measurement with a given result, which gives the probability
distribution for all possible consecutive measurements on the system. This
statistical operator, representing the state of the system after the first
measurement, is in general not the same that would be obtained using the
postulate of collapse.


title:
The Physical Properties of Red Supergiants: Comparing Theory and
  Observations

abstract:
  Red supergiants (RSGs) are an evolved stage in the life of intermediate
massive stars (than than 25 solar masses). For many years, their location in
the H-R diagram was at variance with the evolutionary models. Using the MARCS
stellar atmospheres, we have determined new effective temperatures and
bolometric luminosities for RSGs in the Milky Way, LMC, and SMC, and our work
has resulted in much better agreement with the evolutionary models. We have
also found evidence of significant visual extinction due to circumstellar dust.
Although in the Milky Way the RSGs contribute only a small fraction (than than
1 percent) of the dust to the interstellar medium (ISM), in starburst galaxies
or galaxies at large look-back times, we expect that RSGs may be the main dust
source. We are in the process of extending this work now to RSGs of higher and
lower metallicities using the galaxies M31 and WLM.


title:
Thermal Dynamics in Symmetric Magnetic Nanopillars Driven by Spin
  Transfer

abstract:
  We study the effects of spin transfer on thermally activated dynamics of
magnetic nanopillars with identical thicknesses of the magnetic layers. The
symmetric nanopillars exhibit anomalous dependencies of switching statistics on
magnetic field and current. We interpret our data in terms of simultaneous
current-induced excitation of both layers. We also find evidence for coupling
between the fluctuations of the layers due to the spin transfer.


title:
Spin-orbit effects on two-electron states in nanowhisker double quantum
  dots

abstract:
  We investigate theoretically the combined effects of the electron-electron
and the Rashba spin-orbit interactions on two electrons confined in
quasi-one-dimensional AlInSb-based double quantum dots. We calculate the
two-electron wave functions and explore the interplay between these two
interactions on the energy levels and the spin of the states. The energy
spectrum as a function of an applied magnetic field shows crossings and
anticrossings between triplet and singlet states, associated with level mixing
induced by the spin-orbit coupling. We find that the fields at which these
crossings occur can be naturally controlled by the interdot barrier width,
which controls the exchange integral in the structure.


title:
"Voici ce que j'ai trouve": Sophie Germain's grand plan to prove
  Fermat's Last Theorem

abstract:
  A study of Sophie Germain's extensive manuscripts on Fermat's Last Theorem
calls for a reassessment of her work in number theory. There is much in these
manuscripts beyond the single theorem for Case 1 for which she is known from a
published footnote by Legendre. Germain had a fully-fledged, highly developed,
sophisticated plan of attack on Fermat's Last Theorem. The supporting
algorithms she invented for this plan are based on ideas and results discovered
independently only much later by others, and her methods are quite different
from any of Legendre's. In addition to her program for proving Fermat's Last
Theorem in its entirety, Germain also made major efforts at proofs for
particular families of exponents. The isolation Germain worked in, due in
substantial part to her difficult position as a woman, was perhaps sufficient
that much of this extensive and impressive work may never have been studied and
understood by anyone.


title: A Strong Symmetry Property Of Eisenstein Series

abstract:
  In this paper we present a new method to study Fourier coefficients of
holomorphic and non-holomorphic Eisenstein series simultaneously.


title: Information is Not Lost in the Evaporation of 2-dimensional Black Holes

abstract:
  We analyze Hawking evaporation of the Callen-Giddings-Harvey-Strominger
(CGHS) black holes from a quantum geometry perspective and show that
information is not lost, primarily because the quantum space-time is
sufficiently larger than the classical. Using suitable approximations to
extract physics from quantum space-times we establish that: i)future null
infinity of the quantum space-time is sufficiently long for the the past vacuum
to evolve to a pure state in the future; ii) this state has a finite norm in
the future Fock space; and iii) all the information comes out at future
infinity; there are no remnants.


title: Lineability of summing sets of homogeneous polynomials

abstract:
  Given a continuous $n$-homogeneous polynomial $P\colon E\longrightarrow F$
between Banach spaces and $1\leq q\leq p<\infty$, in this paper we investigate
some properties concerning lineability and spaceability of the $(p;q)$-summing
set of $P$, defined by $S_{p;q}(P)=\{a\in E:P\mathrm{is}% (p;q)\mathrm{summing
at}a\}$.


title: The Berry Phase of D0-Branes

abstract:
  We study SU(2) Yang-Mills quantum mechanics with N=2,4,8 and 16 supercharges.
This describes the non-relativistic dynamics of a pair of D0-branes moving in
d=3,4,6 and 10 spacetime dimensions respectively. We show that as the D0-branes
orbit, states undergo a Berry holonomy described by the four Hopf maps. For the
N=2 theory, the associated Hopf map is the Mobius bundle and its effect is to
turn the D0-branes into anyons with exchange statistics +i and -i. For the
N=4,8 and 16 theories, the Hopf maps give rise to Berry connections that are
familiar to physicists: the U(1) Dirac monopole; the SU(2) Yang monopole; and
the SO(8) octonionic monopole.


title: Weak measurement: Effect of the detector dynamics

abstract:
  A general approach to the measurement of an observable with pre- and
post-selection is presented. The limit of weak measurement is studied in
detail, and it is shown that the phase of the probe, including a Hamiltonian
contribution to it, gives rise to observable effects, since the coherence of
the probe is essential for the concept of complex weak value to be meaningful.
As a particular example, the measurement of a spin component is considered. We
find that the contribution of the imaginary part of the weak value is sizeable
in this case.


title: Superfluid pairing between fermions with unequal masses

abstract:
  We consider a superfluid state in a two-component gas of fermionic atoms with
equal densities and unequal masses in the BCS limit. We develop a perturbation
theory along the lines proposed by Gorkov and Melik-Barkhudarov and find that
for a large difference in the masses of heavy ($M$) and light ($m$) atoms one
has to take into account both the second-order and third-order contributions.
The result for the critical temperature and order parameter is then quite
different from the prediction of the simple BCS approach. Moreover, the small
parameter of the theory turns out to be $(p_{F}|a|)/\hbar)\sqrt{M/m}\ll1$,
where $p_{F}$ is the Fermi momentum, and $a$ the scattering length. Thus, for a
large mass ratio $M/m$ the conventional perturbation theory requires
significantly smaller Fermi momenta (densities) or scattering lengths than in
the case of $M\sim m$, where the small parameter is $(p_{F}|a|)/\hbar)\ll1$. We
show that 3-body scattering resonances appearing at a large mass ratio due to
the presence of 3-body bound Efimov states do not influence the result, which
in this sense becomes universal.


title: QSO-LRG 2-Point Cross-Correlation Function and Redshift-Space Distorions

abstract:
  We have measured the bias of QSOs as a function of QSO luminosity at fixed
redshift (z<1) by cross-correlating them with LRGs in the same spatial volume,
hence breaking the degeneracy between QSO luminosity and redshift. We use three
QSO samples from 2SLAQ, 2QZ and SDSS covering a QSO absolute magnitude range,
-24.5<M_{b_J}<-21.5, and cross-correlate them with 2SLAQ (z~0.5) and AAOmega
(z~0.7) photometric and spectroscopic LRGs in the same redshift ranges. The 2-D
and 3-D cross-clustering measurements are generally in good agreement. Our
(2SLAQ) QSO-LRG clustering amplitude (r_0=6.8_{-0.3}^{+0.1}h^{-1}Mpc) as
measured from the semi-projected cross-correlation function appears similar to
the (2SLAQ) LRG-LRG auto-correlation amplitude (r_0=7.45\pm0.35h^{-1}Mpc) and
both are higher than the (2QZ+2SLAQ) QSO-QSO amplitude (r_0\simeq5.0h^{-1}Mpc).
Our measurements show remarkably little QSO-LRG cross-clustering dependence on
QSO luminosity. If anything, the results imply that brighter QSOs may be less
highly biased than faint QSOs, the opposite direction expected from simple high
peaks biasing models. Assuming a standard LCDM model and values for b_{LRG}
measured from LRG autocorrelation analyses, we find b_Q=1.45\pm0.11 at
M_{b_J}\approx-24 and b_Q=1.90\pm0.16 at M_{b_J}~-22. We also find consistent
results for the QSO bias from a z-space distortion analysis of the QSO-LRG
cross-clustering at z~0.55. The dynamical infall results give \beta
_Q=0.55\pm0.10, implying b_Q=1.4\pm0.2. Thus both the z-space distortion and
the amplitude analyses yield b_Q~1.5 at M_{b_J}~-23. The implied DM halo mass
inhabited by QSOs at z~0.55 is \sim10^{13}h^{-1}M_{\sun}, again approximately
independent of QSO luminosity.


title:
Precision tests of the Standard Model with leptonic and semileptonic
  kaon decays

abstract:
  We present a global analysis of leptonic and semileptonic kaon decays data,
including all recent results by BNL-E865, KLOE, KTeV, ISTRA+, and NA48.
Experimental results are critically reviewed and combined, taking into account
theoretical (both analytical and numerical) constraints on the semileptonic
kaon form factors. This analysis leads to a very accurate determination of Vus
and allows us to perform several stringent tests of the Standard Model.


title: The geometry of 3-quasi-Sasakian manifolds

abstract:
  3-quasi-Sasakian manifolds were studied systematically by the authors in a
recent paper as a suitable setting unifying 3-Sasakian and 3-cosymplectic
geometries. This paper throws new light on their geometric structure which
reveals to be generally richer compared to the 3-Sasakian subclass. In fact, it
turns out that they are multiply foliated by four distinct fundamental
foliations. The study of the transversal geometries with respect to these
foliations allows us to link the 3-quasi-Sasakian manifolds to the more famous
hyper-Kaehler and quaternionic-Kaehler geometries. Furthermore, we strongly
improve the splitting results previously found; we prove that any
3-quasi-Sasakian manifold of rank 4l+1 is 3-cosymplectic and any
3-quasi-Sasakian manifold of maximal rank is 3-alpha-Sasakian.


title: Electron Localization on Molecular Surfaces by Metal Adsorption

abstract:
  The ability of metal adsorption to transfer charge to the surface of single
molecular carbon sheets is explored in this paper. Though other metals are
considered we basically will deal with Lithium We concentrate on fairly small
sheets and examined the minimum threshold size of a molecular surface needed to
separate metals. From our quantum chemical calculations we deduce that a
molecular surface of six benzene rings is needed for Lithium dimers to be
separated. We further observe symmetry breaking, when two lithium atoms are
adsorbed right opposite to each other on the two sides of the sheet.


title:
Magnetoconductance of interacting electrons in quantum wires: Spin
  density functional theory study

abstract:
  We present systematic quantitative description of the magnetoconductance of
the split-gate quantum wires. Accounting for the exchange and correlation
interactions within the spin density function theory (DFT) leads to the lifting
of the spin degeneracy and formation of the spin-resolved plateaus at odd
values of $e^{2}/h$. We show that the width of the odd conductance steps in the
spin DFT calculations is equal to the width of the transition intervals between
the conductance steps for the spinless electrons in the Hartree approximation.
A detailed analysis of the structure of compressible/incompressible strips and
the evolution of the Hartree and the spin-DFT subband structure provides an
explanation of this finding. Our spin-DFT calculations reproduce not only
qualitatively, but rather quantitatively all the features in the
magnetoconductance observed in the recent experiment (I. P. Radu, J. B. Miller,
S. Amasha, E. Levenson-Falk, D. M. Zumbuhl, M. A. Kastner, C. M. Marcus, L. N.
Pfeiffer, and K. W. West, to be published) including the unexpected effect of
the collapse of the odd conductance plateaus at lower fields.


title: Hadronic Z- and tau-Decays in Order alpha_s^4

abstract:
  Using recently developed methods for the evaluation of five-loop amplitudes
in perturbative QCD, corrections of order alpha_s^4 for the cross section of
electron-positron annihilation into hadrons and for the decay rates of the
Z-boson and the tau-lepton into hadrons are evaluated. The new terms lead to a
significant stabilization of the perturbative series, to a reduction of the
theory uncertainly in the strong coupling constant alpha_s, as extracted from
these measurements, and to a small shift of the central value, moving two
central values closer together. The agreement between two values of alpha_s
measured at vastly different energies constitutes a striking test of asymptotic
freedom. Combining the results from Z and tau decays we find
alpha_s(M_Z)=0.1198 \pm 0.0015 as one of the most precise and presently only
result for the strong coupling constant in order alpha_s^4.


title: Self-Dual Vertex Operator Superalgebras of Large Minimal Weight

abstract:
  The new general upper bound mu <= [c/24] + 1 for the minimal weight mu of a
self-dual vertex operator superalgebra of central charge c different from 47/2
is proven. For central charges c <= 48, further improved estimates are given
and examples of with large minimal weight are discussed. We also study the case
of vertex operator superalgebras with N=1 supersymmetry which was first
considered by Witten in connection with three-dimensional quantum gravity. The
upper bound mu^* <= (1/2)[c/12]+1/2 for the minimal superconformal weight is
obtained for c different from 47/2.
  In addition, we show that it is impossible that the monster sporadic group
acts on an extremal self-dual N=1 supersymmetric vertex operator superalgebra
of central charge 48 in a way proposed by Witten if certain standard
assumptions about orbifold constructions hold. The same statement holds for
extremal self-dual vertex operator algebras of central charge 48.


title:
Solving the Einstein constraint equations on multi-block triangulations
  using finite element methods

abstract:
  In order to generate initial data for nonlinear relativistic simulations, one
needs to solve the Einstein constraints, which can be cast into a coupled set
of nonlinear elliptic equations. Here we present an approach for solving these
equations on three-dimensional multi-block domains using finite element
methods. We illustrate our approach on a simple example of Brill wave initial
data, with the constraints reducing to a single linear elliptic equation for
the conformal factor $\psi$. We use quadratic Lagrange elements on
semi-structured simplicial meshes, obtained by triangulation of multi-block
grids. In the case of uniform refinement the scheme is superconvergent at most
mesh vertices, due to local symmetry of the finite element basis with respect
to local spatial inversions. We show that in the superconvergent case
subsequent unstructured mesh refinements do not improve the quality of our
initial data. As proof of concept that this approach is feasible for generating
multi-block initial data in three dimensions, after constructing the initial
data we evolve them in time using a high order finite-differencing multi-block
approach and extract the gravitational waves from the numerical solution.


title: Tunnelling of plane waves through a square barrier

abstract:
  The time evolution of plane waves in the presence of a 1-dimensional square
quantum barrier is considered. Comparison is made between the cases of an
infinite and a cut-off (shutter) initial plane wave. The difference is relevant
when the results are applied to the analysis of the tunnelling regime. This
work is focused on the analytical calculation of the time-evolved solution and
highlights the contribution of the resonant (Gamow) states.
  PACS numbers: 11.10.Ef, 11.10.Lm, 04.60


title: Constraining the Nature of X-ray Cavities in Clusters and Galaxies

abstract:
  We present results from an extensive survey of 64 cavities in the X-ray halos
of clusters, groups and normal elliptical galaxies. We show that the evolution
of the size of the cavities as they rise in the X-ray atmosphere is
inconsistent with the standard model of adiabatic expansion of purely
hydrodynamic models. We also note that the majority of the observed bubbles
should have already been shredded apart by Rayleigh-Taylor and
Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities if they were of purely hydrodynamic nature.
Instead we find that the data agrees much better with a model where the
cavities are magnetically dominated and inflated by a current-dominated
magneto-hydrodynamic jet model, recently developed by Li et al. (2006) and
Nakamura et al. (2006). We conduct complex Monte-Carlo simulations of the
cavity detection process including incompleteness effects to reproduce the
cavity sample's characteristics. We find that the current-dominated model
agrees within 1sigma, whereas the other models can be excluded at >5sigma
confidence. To bring hydrodynamic models into better agreement, cavities would
have to be continuously inflated. However, these assessments are dependent on
our correct understanding of the detectability of cavities in X-ray
atmospheres, and will await confirmation when automated cavity detection tools
become available in the future. Our results have considerable impact on the
energy budget associated with active galactic nucleus feedback.


title: Flavour physics of leptons and dipole moments

abstract:
  This chapter of the report of the ``Flavour in the era of the LHC'' Workshop
discusses the theoretical, phenomenological and experimental issues related to
flavour phenomena in the charged lepton sector and in flavour-conserving
CP-violating processes. We review the current experimental limits and the main
theoretical models for the flavour structure of fundamental particles. We
analyze the phenomenological consequences of the available data, setting
constraints on explicit models beyond the Standard Model, presenting benchmarks
for the discovery potential of forthcoming measurements both at the LHC and at
low energy, and exploring options for possible future experiments.


title: Measuring nanomechanical motion with a microwave cavity interferometer

abstract:
  In recent years microfabricated microwave cavities have been extremely
successful in a wide variety of detector applications. In this article we focus
this technology on the challenge of quantum-limited displacement detection of a
macroscopic object. We measure the displacement of a nanomechanical beam by
capacitively coupling its position to the resonant frequency of a
superconducting transmission-line microwave cavity. With our device we realize
near state-of-the-art mechanical force sensitivity (3 $\rm{aN/\sqrt{Hz}}$) and
thus add to only a handful of techniques able to measure thermomechanical
motion at 10's of milliKelvin temperatures. Our measurement imprecision reaches
a promising 30 times the expected imprecision at the standard quantum limit,
and we quantify our ability to extract measurement backaction from our results
as well as elucidate the important steps that will be required to progress
towards the full quantum limit with this new detector.


title: Nucleosynthesis in Early Neutrino Driven Winds

abstract:
  Nucleosynthesis in early neutrino winds is investigated. Presented is a brief
overview of two recent problems of supernova nucleosynthesis. In the first part
we investigate the effect of nuclear parameters on the synthesis of Mo92 and
Mo94. Based on recent experimental results, we find that the proton rich winds
of the model investigated here can not be the source of solar Mo92 and Mo94. In
the second part we investigate the nucleosynthesis from neutron rich bubbles
and show that they do not contribute to the overall nucleosynthesis.


title:
Natural constructions of some generalized Kac-Moody algebras as bosonic
  strings

abstract:
  There are 10 generalized Kac-Moody algebras whose denominator identities are
completely reflective automorphic products of singular weight on lattices of
squarefree level. Under the assumption that the meromorphic vertex operator
algebra of central charge 24 and spin-1 algebra $\hat{A}_{p-1,p}^r$ exists we
show that four of them can be constructed in a uniform way from bosonic strings
moving on suitable target spaces.


title: Freidlin-Wentzell's Large Deviations for Stochastic Evolution Equations

abstract:
  We prove a Freidlin-Wentzell large deviation principle for general stochastic
evolution equations with small perturbation multiplicative noises. In
particular, our general result can be used to deal with a large class of quasi
linear stochastic partial differential equations, such as stochastic porous
medium equations and stochastic reaction diffusion equations with polynomial
growth zero order term and $p$-Laplacian second order term.


title: Dark matter allowed scenarios for Yukawa-unified SO(10) SUSY GUTs

abstract:
  Simple supersymmetric grand unified models based on the gauge group SO(10)
require --in addition to gauge and matter unification-- the unification of
t-b-\tau Yukawa couplings. Yukawa unification, however, only occurs for very
special values of the soft SUSY breaking parameters. We perform a search using
a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique to investigate model parameters and
sparticle mass spectra which occur in Yukawa-unified SUSY models, where we also
require the relic density of neutralino dark matter to saturate the
WMAP-measured abundance. We find the spectrum is characterizd by three mass
scales: first/second generation scalars in the multi-TeV range, third
generation scalars in the TeV range, and gauginos in the \sim 100 GeV range.
Most solutions give far too high a relic abundance of neutralino dark matter.
The dark matter discrepancy can be rectified by 1. allowing for neutralino
decay to axino plus photon, 2. imposing gaugino mass non-universality or 3.
imposing generational non-universality. In addition, the MCMC approach finds 4.
a compromise solution where scalar masses are not too heavy, and where
neutralino annihilation occurs via the light Higgs h resonance. By imposing
weak scale Higgs soft term boundary conditions, we are also able to generate 5.
low \mu, m_A solutions with neutralino annihilation via a light A resonance,
though these solutions seem to be excluded by CDF/D0 measurements of the B_s\to
\mu^+\mu^- branching fraction. Based on the dual requirements of Yukawa
coupling unification and dark matter relic density, we predict new physics
signals at the LHC from pair production of 350--450 GeV gluinos. The events are
characterized by very high b-jet multiplicity and a dilepton mass edge around
mz2-mz1 \sim 50-75 GeV.


title: Mapping class groups have finite asymptotic dimension

abstract:
  By recognizing them as fundamental groups of developable complexes of groups
we prove that mapping class groups of compact orientable surfaces have finite
asymptotic dimension.


title: B, D and K decays

abstract:
  With the advent of the LHC, we will be able to probe New Physics (NP) up to
energy scales almost one order of magnitude larger than it has been possible
with present accelerator facilities. While direct detection of new particles
will be the main avenue to establish the presence of NP at the LHC, indirect
searches will provide precious complementary information, since most probably
it will not be possible to measure the full spectrum of new particles and their
couplings through direct production. In particular, precision measurements and
computations in the realm of flavour physics are expected to play a key role in
constraining the unknown parameters of the Lagrangian of any NP model emerging
from direct searches at the LHC. The aim of Working Group 2 was twofold: on one
hand, to provide a coherent, up-to-date picture of the status of flavour
physics before the start of the LHC; on the other hand, to initiate activities
on the path towards integrating information on NP from high-pT and flavour
data.


title: Non-dispersive wavepacket solutions of the Schrodinger equation

abstract:
  The free Schrodinger equation has constant velocity wavepacket solutions
\psi_{\bf v} of the form \psi= f({\bf r} - {\bf v}t) e^{- i m c^2 t / 2}. These
solutions are eigenvectors of a momentum operator {\bf \tilde p} which is
symmetric in a positive definite scalar product space. We discuss whether these
\psi_{\bf v} can act as basis states rather than the usual plane wave
solutions.


title: Semiclassical and Effective Theories of Gravitation

abstract:
  First and second order corrections for the scattering of different types of
particles by a weak gravitational field, treated as an external field, are
calculated. These computations indicate a violation of the Equivalence
Principle: to first order, the cross-sections are spin dependent; if the
calculations are pushed to the next order, they become dependent upon energy as
well. Interesting enough, the aforementioned results are equivalent to those
obtained by means of the so-called Effective Theory of Gravitation, in the
limit in which one of the masses is much greater than all the other energies
involved. We discuss also some applications of our research, such as the
determination of an upper bound for the photon mass, and the possible
detection, in the foreseeable future, of these violations of the Equivalence
Principle.


title:
Optical conductivity of bilayer graphene with and without an asymmetry
  gap

abstract:
  When a bilayer of graphene is placed in a suitably configured field effect
device, an asymmetry gap can be generated and the carrier concentration made
different in each layer. This provides a tunable semiconducting gap, and the
valence and the conductance band no longer meet at the two Dirac points of the
graphene Brillouin zone. We calculate the optical conductivity of such a
semiconductor with particular emphasis on the optical spectral weight
redistribution brought about by changes in gap and chemical potential due to
charging. We derive an algebraic formula for arbitrary value of the chemical
potential for the case of the bilayer conductivity without a gap.


title:
A test of the g-ology model for one-dimensional interacting Fermi
  systems

abstract:
  Bosonization predicts that the specific heat, C(T), of a one-dimensional
interacting Fermi system is a sum of the specific heats of free collective
charge and spin excitations, plus the term with the running backscattering
amplitude which flows to zero logarithmically with decreasing T. We verify
whether this result is reproduced in the g-ology model. Of specific interest
are the anomalous terms in C(T) that depend on the bare backscattering
amplitude. We show that these terms can be incorporated into a renormalized
spin velocity. We do this by proving the equivalence of the results for C(T)
obtained within the g-ology model and by bosonization with velocities obtained
by the numerical solution of the Bethe-ansatz equations for the Hubbard model.


title:
Rare decay Z \to \nu\bar{\nu}\gamma\gamma via tensor unparticle
  mediation

abstract:
  The decay width of the rare decay Z \to \nu\bar{\nu}\gamma\gamma is strictly
constrained from the LEP data. Tensor unparticles provide a tree-level
contribution to this rare decay. We have calculated the tensor unparticle
contribution to the rare decay Z\to \nu\bar{\nu}\gamma\gamma. The current
experimental limit have been used to constrain unparticle couplings
\nu\bar{\nu}Z {U}^{\mu\nu} and \gamma\gamma {U}^{\mu\nu}.


title: Optimized Cooper pair pumps

abstract:
  In adiabatic Cooper pair pumps, operated by means of gate voltage modulation
only, the quantization of the pumped charge during a cycle is limited due to
the quantum coherence of the macroscopic superconducting wave function. In this
work we show that it is possible to obtain very accurate pumps in the
non-adiabatic regime by a suitable choice of the shape of the gate voltage
pulses. We determine the shape of these pulses by applying quantum optimal
control theory to this problem. In the optimal case the error, with respect to
the quantized value, can be as small as of the order of (10E-6)e: the error is
reduced by up to five orders of magnitude with respect to the adiabatic
pumping. In order to test the experimental feasibility of this approach we
consider the effect of charge noise and the deformations of the optimal pulse
shapes on the accuracy of the pump. Charge noise is assumed to be induced by
random background charges in the substrate, responsible for the observed 1/f
noise. Inaccuracies in the pulse shaping are described by assuming a finite
bandwidth for the pulse generator. In realistic cases the error increases at
most of one order of magnitude as compared to the optimal case. Our results are
promising for the realization of accurate and fast superconducting pumps.


title: Transport in the metallic regime of Mn doped III-V Semiconductors

abstract:
  The standard model of Mn doping in GaAs is subjected to a coherent potential
approximation (CPA) treatment. Transport coefficients are evaluated within the
linear response Kubo formalism. Both normal (NHE) and anomalous contributions
(AHE) to the Hall effect are examined. We use a simple model density of states
to describe the undoped valence band. The CPA bandstructure evolves into a spin
split band caused by the $p-d$ exchange scattering with Mn dopants. This gives
rise to a strong magnetoresistance, which decreases sharply with temperature.
The temperature ($T$) dependence of the resistance is due to spin disorder
scattering (increasing with $T$), CPA bandstructure renormalization and charged
impurity scattering (decreasing with $T$). The calculated transport
coefficients are discussed in relation to experiment, with a view of assessing
the overall trends and deciding whether the model describes the right physics.
This does indeed appear to be case, bearing in mind that the hopping limit
needs to be treated separately, as it cannot be described within the band CPA.


title: Improved parameters for extrasolar transiting planets

abstract:
  We present refined values for the physical parameters of transiting
exoplanets, based on a self-consistent and uniform analysis of transit light
curves and the observable properties of the host stars. Previously it has been
difficult to interpret the ensemble properties of transiting exoplanets,
because of the widely different methodologies that have been applied in
individual cases. Furthermore, previous studies often ignored an important
constraint on the mean stellar density that can be derived directly from the
light curve. The main contributions of this work are 1) a critical compilation
and error assessment of all reported values for the effective temperature and
metallicity of the host stars; 2) the application of a consistent methodology
and treatment of errors in modeling the transit light curves; and 3) more
accurate estimates of the stellar mass and radius based on stellar evolution
models, incorporating the photometric constraint on the stellar density. We use
our results to revisit some previously proposed patterns and correlations
within the ensemble. We confirm the mass-period correlation, and we find
evidence for a new pattern within the scatter about this correlation: planets
around metal-poor stars are more massive than those around metal-rich stars at
a given orbital period. Likewise, we confirm the proposed dichotomy of planets
according to their Safronov number, and we find evidence that the systems with
small Safronov numbers are more metal-rich on average. Finally, we confirm the
trend that led to the suggestion that higher-metallicity stars harbor planets
with a greater heavy-element content.


title:
The nature of star formation in distant ultraluminous infrared galaxies
  selected in a remarkably narrow redshift range

abstract:
  We present mid-infrared spectra of thirty two high redshift ultraluminous
infrared galaxies, selected via the stellar photospheric feature at rest-frame
1.6um, and an observed-frame 24um flux of >500muJy. Nearly all the sample
reside in a redshift range of <z>=1.71+/-0.15, and have rest-frame 1-1000um
luminosities of 10^12.9 - 10^13.8 Lsun. Most of the spectra exhibit prominent
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission features, and weak silicate
absorption, consistent with a starburst origin for the IR emission. Our
selection method appears to be a straightforward and efficient way of finding
distant, IR-luminous, star-forming galaxies in narrow redshift ranges. There is
however evidence that the mid-IR spectra of our sample differ systematically
from those of local ULIRGs; our sample have comparable PAH equivalent widths
but weaker apparent silicate absorption, and (possibly) enhanced PAH
6.2um/7.7um and 6.2um/11.2um flux ratios. Furthermore, the composite mid-IR
spectrum of our sample is almost identical to that of local starbursts with IR
luminosities of 10^10-10^11 Lsun rather than that of local ULIRGs. These
differences are consistent with a reduced dust column, which can plausibly be
obtained via some combination of (1) star formation that is extended over
spatial scales of 1-4Kpc, and (2) star formation in unusually gas-rich regions.


title:
New Constraints on the Efficiencies of Ram-Pressure Stripping and the
  Tidal Disruption of Satellite Galaxies

abstract:
  Using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) it has recently been
shown that the red fraction of satellite galaxies increases with stellar mass.
Semi-analytical models, however, predict red satellite fractions that are
independent of stellar mass, and much higher than observed. It has been argued
that this discrepancy owes to the fact that the models assume that satellite
galaxies are instantaneously stripped of their hot gas reservoirs at the moment
they are accreted into a bigger halo. In this letter we show that the fraction
of red satellites can be brought in better agreement with the data by simply
decreasing this stripping efficiency. However, this also results in a red
fraction of massive centrals that is much too low. This owes to the fact that
the massive centrals now accrete satellite galaxies that are bluer and more
gas-rich. However, if a significant fraction of low mass satellite galaxies is
tidally disrupted before being accreted by their central host galaxy, as
suggested by recent studies, the red fractions of both centrals and satellites
can be reproduced reasonably well. A problem remains with the red fraction of
centrals of intermediate mass, which is likely to reflect an oversimplified
treatment of AGN feedback.


title: Adjoints of rationally induced composition operators

abstract:
  We give an elementary proof of a formula recently obtained by Hammond,
Moorhouse, and Robbins for the adjoint of a rationally induced composition
operator on the Hardy space H^2. We discuss some variants and implications of
this formula, and use it to provide a sufficient condition for a rationally
induced composition operator adjoint to be a compact perturbation of a weighted
composition operator.


title: On Resumming Inflationary Perturbations beyond One-loop

abstract:
  It is well known that the correlation functions of a scalar field in a
quasi-de Sitter space exhibit at the loop level cumulative infra-red effects
proportional to the total number of e-foldings of inflation. Using the in-in
formalism, we explore the behavior of these infra-red effects in the large N
limit of an O(N) invariant scalar field theory with quartic self-interactions.
By resumming all higher-order loop diagrams non-perturbatively, we show that
the connected four-point correlation function, which is a signal of
non-Gaussianity, is non-perturbatively enhanced with respect to its tree-level
value.


title: Global disease spread: statistics and estimation of arrival times

abstract:
  We study metapopulation models for the spread of epidemics in which different
subpopulations (cities) are connected by fluxes of individuals (travelers).
This framework allows to describe the spread of a disease on a large scale and
we focus here on the computation of the arrival time of a disease as a function
of the properties of the seed of the epidemics and of the characteristics of
the network connecting the various subpopulations. Using analytical and
numerical arguments, we introduce an easily computable quantity which
approximates this average arrival time. We show on the example of a disease
spread on the world-wide airport network that this quantity predicts with a
good accuracy the order of arrival of the disease in the various subpopulations
in each realization of epidemic scenario, and not only for an average over
realizations. Finally, this quantity might be useful in the identification of
the dominant paths of the disease spread.


title: What is the entropy of the universe?

abstract:
  Standard calculations suggest that the entropy of our universe is dominated
by black holes, whose entropy is of order their area in Planck units, although
they comprise only a tiny fraction of its total energy. Statistical entropy is
the logarithm of the number of microstates consistent with the observed
macroscopic properties of a system, hence a measure of uncertainty about its
precise state. Therefore, assuming unitarity in black hole evaporation, the
standard results suggest that the largest uncertainty in the future quantum
state of the universe is due to the Hawking radiation from evaporating black
holes. However, the entropy of the matter precursors to astrophysical black
holes is enormously less than that given by area entropy. If unitarity relates
the future radiation states to the black hole precursor states, then the
standard results are highly misleading, at least for an observer that can
differentiate the individual states of the Hawking radiation.


title: The local electronic structure of alpha-Li3N

abstract:
  New theoretical and experimental investigation of the occupied and unoccupied
local electronic density of states (DOS) are reported for alpha-Li3N. Band
structure and density functional theory calculations confirm the absence of
covalent bonding character. However, real-space full-multiple-scattering
(RSFMS) calculations of the occupied local DOS finds less extreme nominal
valences than have previously been proposed. Nonresonant inelastic x-ray
scattering (NRIXS), RSFMS calculations, and calculations based on the
Bethe-Salpeter equation are used to characterize the unoccupied electronic
final states local to both the Li and N sites. There is good agreement between
experiment and theory. Throughout the Li 1s near-edge region, both experiment
and theory find strong similarities in the s- and p-type components of the
unoccupied local final density of states projected onto an orbital angular
momentum basis (l-DOS). An unexpected, significant correspondence exists
between the near-edge spectra for the Li 1s and N 1s initial states. We argue
that both spectra are sampling essentially the same final density of states due
to the combination of long core-hole lifetimes, long photoelectron lifetimes,
and the fact that orbital angular momentum is the same for all relevant initial
states. Such considerations may be generically applicable for low atomic number
compounds.


title:
Metallicity Calibrations and the Mass-Metallicity Relation for
  Star-Forming Galaxies

abstract:
  (Abridged) We investigate the effect of metallicity calibrations, AGN
classification, and aperture covering fraction on the local mass-metallicity
(MZ) relation using 27,730 star-forming galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey (SDSS) Data Release 4. We analyse the SDSS MZ relation with 10
metallicity calibrations, including theoretical and empirical methods. We show
that the choice of metallicity calibration has a significant effect on the
shape and y-intercept(12+log(O/H)) of the MZ relation. The absolute metallicity
scale (y-int) varies up to 0.7 dex, depending on the calibration used, and the
change in shape is substantial. These results indicate that it is critical to
use the same metallicity calibration when comparing different
luminosity-metallicity or mass-metallicity relations. We present new
metallicity conversions that allow metallicities that have been derived using
different strong-line calibrations to be converted to the same base
calibration. These conversions facilitate comparisons between different
samples, particularly comparisons between galaxies at different redshifts for
which different suites of emission-lines are available.Our new conversions
successfully remove the large 0.7 dex discrepancies between the metallicity
calibrations, and we reach agreement in the MZ relation to within 0.03 dex on
average. We find that different AGN classification methods have negligible
effect on the SDSS MZ relation. We compare the SDSS MZ relation with nuclear
and global relations from the Nearby Field Galaxy Survey (NFGS). The turn over
of the MZ relation depends on aperture covering fraction. We find that a lower
redshift limit of z<0.04 is insufficient for avoiding aperture effects in fiber
spectra of the highest stellar mass galaxies.


title:
Evolution of seismic signals and slip patterns along subduction zones:
  insights from a friction lab scale experiment

abstract:
  Continuous GPS and broadband seismic monitoring have revealed a variety of
disparate slip patterns especially in shallow dipping subduction zones, among
which regular earthquakes, slow slip events and silent quakes1,2. Slow slip
events are sometimes accompanied by Non Volcanic Tremors (NVT), which origin
remains unclear3, either related to fluid migration or to friction. The present
understanding of the whole menagerie of slip patterns is based upon numerical
simulations imposing ad hoc values of the rate and state parameters a and b4-6
derived from the temperature dependence of a and b of a wet granite gouge7.
Here we investigate the influence of the cumulative slip on the frictional and
acoustic patterns of a lab scale subduction zone. Shallow loud earthquakes
(stick-slip events), medium depth slow, deeper silent quakes (smooth sliding
oscillations) and deepest steady-state creep (continuous sliding) are
reproduced by the ageing of contact interface with cumulative displacement8.
The Acoustic Emission evolves with cumulative displacement and interface
ageing, following a trend from strong impulsive events, similar to earthquake
seismic signals, to a collection of smaller amplitude and longer duration
signals, similar to Non Volcanic Tremors. NVT emerge as the recollection of the
local unstable behaviour of the contact interface globally evolving towards the
stable sliding regime.


title: Dark Matter Halo Profiles in Scale-Free Cosmologies

abstract:
  We explore the dependence of the central logarithmic slope of dark matter
halo density profiles $\alpha$ on the spectral index $n$ of the linear matter
power spectrum $P(k)$ using cosmological $N$-body simulations of scale-free
models (i.e. $P(k) \propto k^n$). For each of our simulations we identify
samples of well resolved haloes in dynamical equilibrium and we analyse their
mass profiles. By parameterising the mass profile using a ``generalised''
Navarro, Frenk & White profile in which the central logarithmic slope $\alpha$
is allowed to vary while preserving the $r^{-3}$ asymptotic form at large
radii, we obtain preferred central slopes for haloes in each of our models.
There is a strong correlation between $\alpha$ and $n$, such that $\alpha$
becomes shallower as $n$ becomes steeper. However, if we normalise our mass
profiles by $r_{-2}$, the radius at which the logarithmic slope of the density
profile is -2, we find that these differences are no longer present. We
conclude that there is no evidence for convergence to a unique central
asymptotic slope, at least on the scales that we can resolve.


title: Detecting the Glint of Starlight on the Oceans of Distant Planets

abstract:
  We propose that astronomers will be eventually be able to discriminate
between extrasolar Earth-like planets with surface oceans and those without
using the shape of phase light curves in the visible and near-IR spectrum. We
model the visible light curves of planets having Earth-like surfaces, seasons,
and optically-thin atmospheres with idealized diffuse-scattering clouds. We
show that planets partially covered by water will appear measurably brighter
near crescent phase (relative to Lambertian planets) because of the efficient
specular reflection (i.e., glint) of starlight incident on their surfaces at a
highly oblique angle. Planets on orbits within 30 degrees of edge-on
orientation (half of all planets) will show pronounced glint over a sizeable
range of orbital longitudes, from quadrature to crescent, all outside the glare
of their parent stars. Also, water-covered planets will appear darker than a
Lambertian disk near full illumination. Finally, we show that planets with a
mixed land/water surface will polarize the reflected signal by as much as 30-70
percent. These results suggest several new ways of directly identifying water
on distant planets.


title: Intermediate-Range Order in Water Ices

abstract:
  We report measurements of the non-resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (NRIXS)
from the O 1s orbitals in ice Ih, and also report calculations of the
corresponding spectra for ice Ih and several other phases of water ice. We find
that the intermediate-energy fine structure may be calculated well using an ab
initio real-space full multiple scattering approach, and that it provides a
strong fingerprint of the intermediate-range order for some ice phases. These
results have important consequences for future NRIXS measurements of
high-pressure phases of ice and also may call into question the assumption that
the wavefunctions for final states within a few eV of the absorption edge are
strongly localized.


title:
Stochastic Inflation Revisited: Non-Slow Roll Statistics and DBI
  Inflation

abstract:
  Stochastic inflation describes the global structure of the inflationary
universe by modeling the super-Hubble dynamics as a system of matter fields
coupled to gravity where the sub-Hubble field fluctuations induce a stochastic
force into the equations of motion. The super-Hubble dynamics are ultralocal,
allowing us to neglect spatial derivatives and treat each Hubble patch as a
separate universe. This provides a natural framework in which to discuss
probabilities on the space of solutions and initial conditions. In this article
we derive an evolution equation for this probability for an arbitrary class of
matter systems, including DBI and k-inflationary models, and discover
equilibrium solutions that satisfy detailed balance. Our results are more
general than those derived assuming slow roll or a quasi-de Sitter geometry,
and so are directly applicable to models that do not satisfy the usual slow
roll conditions. We discuss in general terms the conditions for eternal
inflation to set in, and we give explicit numerical solutions of highly
stochastic, quasi-stationary trajectories in the relativistic DBI regime.
Finally, we show that the probability for stochastic/thermal tunneling can be
significantly enhanced relative to the Hawking-Moss instanton result due to
relativistic DBI effects.


title:
Vector-valued Riesz potentials: Cartan type estimates and related
  capacities

abstract:
  There are many interesting problems about the electrostatic potential of
finitely many charges. We consider one of them concerning the intensity of the
field, in other words, about the magnitude of the gradient of this potential.
We want to give a sharp estimate of the size of the set of points where this
gradient is large. Of course we want the estimate to be sharp in number $N$ of
charges. The size will be measured by the Hausdorff content with various gauge
functions. Such a setting allows us to consider a wide class of measures (not
necessarily with finitely many charges). The main technique will be
Calder\'on-Zygmund capacities and nonhomogeneous Calder\'on-Zygmund operators.
Here we establish a relationship between various types of capacities with
singular kernels (e. g. analytic capacity, lipschitz harmonic capacity, etc)
and non-linear capacity from the theory of potential \'a la Adams, Hedberg,
Havin, Maz'ya, Wolff. "Capacitary" part of the paper extends the theorem of
Mateu, Prat and Verdera [J. reine und angew. Math., 578 (2005), 201--223].
"Size estimates" part of the paper extends the theorem of M. Anderson and V.
Eiderman [Annals of Math., 163 (2005), 1057--1076]. The difficulty lies in the
fact that we cannot use Menger's curvature anymore because we are working in
spaces of dimension bigger than two.


title: Interpretation as a factor in understanding flawed spreadsheets

abstract:
  The spreadsheet has been used by the business community for many years and
yet still raises a number of significant concerns. As educators our concern is
to try to develop the students skills in both the development of spreadsheets
and in taking a critical view of their potential defects. In this paper we
consider both the problems of mechanical production and the problems of
translation of problem to spreadsheet representation.


title: Absence of vortex condensation in a two dimensional fermionic XY model

abstract:
  Motivated by a puzzle in the study of two dimensional lattice Quantum
Electrodynamics with staggered fermions, we construct a two dimensional
fermionic model with a global U(1) symmetry. Our model can be mapped into a
model of closed packed dimers and plaquettes. Although the model has the same
symmetries as the XY model, we show numerically that the model lacks the well
known Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition. The model is always in the gapless
phase showing the absence of a phase with vortex condensation. In other words
the low energy physics is described by a non-compact U(1) field theory. We show
that by introducing an even number of layers one can introduce vortex
condensation within the model and thus also induce a KT transition.


title: Lectures on random matrix models. The Riemann-Hilbert approach

abstract:
  This is a review of the Riemann-Hilbert approach to the large $N$ asymptotics
in random matrix models and its applications. We discuss the following topics:
random matrix models and orthogonal polynomials, the Riemann-Hilbert approach
to the large $N$ asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials and its applications to
the problem of universality in random matrix models, the double scaling limits,
the large $N$ asymptotics of the partition function, and random matrix models
with external source.


title: Large N_c confinement and turbulence

abstract:
  We suggest that the transition that occurs at large $N_c$ in the eigenvalue
distribution of a Wilson loop may have a turbulent origin. We arrived at this
conclusion by studying the complex-valued inviscid Burgers-Hopf equation that
corresponds to the Makeenko-Migdal loop equation, and we demonstrate the
appearance of a shock in the spectral flow of the Wilson loop eigenvalues. This
picture supplements that of the Durhuus-Olesen transition with a particular
realization of disorder. The critical behavior at the formation of the shock
allows us to infer exponents that have been measured recently in lattice
simulations by Narayanan and Neuberger in $d=2$ and $d=3$. Our analysis leads
us to speculate that the universal behavior observed in these lattice
simulations might be a generic feature of confinement, also in $d=4$ Yang-Mills
theory.


title:
A Significant Population of Very Luminous Dust-Obscured Galaxies at
  Redshift z ~ 2

abstract:
  Observations with Spitzer Space Telescope have recently revealed a
significant population of high-redshift z~2 dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs) with
large mid-IR to UV luminosity ratios. These galaxies have been missed in
traditional optical studies of the distant universe. We present a simple method
for selecting this high-z population based solely on the ratio of the observed
mid-IR 24um to optical R-band flux density. In the 8.6 sq.deg Bootes NDWFS
Field, we uncover ~2,600 DOG candidates (= 0.089/sq.arcmin) with 24um flux
densities F24>0.3mJy and (R-[24])>14 (i.e., F[24]/F[R] > 1000). These galaxies
have no counterparts in the local universe, and become a larger fraction of the
population at fainter F24, representing 13% of the sources at 0.3~mJy. DOGs
exhibit evidence of both star-formation and AGN activity, with the brighter
24um sources being more AGN- dominated. We have measured spectroscopic
redshifts for 86 DOGs, and find a broad z distribution centered at <z>~2.0.
Their space density is 2.82E-5 per cubic Mpc, similar to that of bright
sub-mm-selected galaxies at z~2. These redshifts imply very large luminosities
LIR>~1E12-14 Lsun. DOGs contribute ~45-100% of the IR luminosity density
contributed by all z~2 ULIRGs, suggesting that our simple selection criterion
identifies the bulk of z~2 ULIRGs. DOGs may be the progenitors of ~4L*
present-day galaxies seen undergoing a luminous,short- lived phase of bulge and
black hole growth. They may represent a brief evolution phase between SMGs and
less obscured quasars or galaxies. [Abridged]


title: Cyclotron resonance in bilayer graphene

abstract:
  We present the first measurements of cyclotron resonance of electrons and
holes in bilayer graphene. In magnetic fields up to B = 18 T we observe four
distinct intraband transitions in both the conduction and valence bands. The
transition energies are roughly linear in B between the lowest Landau levels,
whereas they follow \sqrt{B} for the higher transitions. This highly unusual
behavior represents a change from a parabolic to a linear energy dispersion.
The density of states derived from our data generally agrees with the existing
lowest order tight binding calculation for bilayer graphene. However in
comparing data to theory, a single set of fitting parameters fails to describe
the experimental results.


title: Convexity properties of Thompson's group F

abstract:
  We prove that Thompson's group F is not minimally almost convex with respect
to any generating set which is a subset of the standard infinite generating set
for F and which contains x_1. We use this to show that F is not almost convex
with respect to any generating set which is a subset of the standard infinite
generating set.


title: String Theory Effects on Five-Dimensional Black Hole Physics

abstract:
  We review recent developments in understanding quantum/string corrections to
BPS black holes and strings in five-dimensional supergravity. These objects are
solutions to the effective action obtained from M-theory compactified on a
Calabi-Yau threefold, including the one-loop corrections determined by anomaly
cancellation and supersymmetry. We introduce the off-shell formulation of this
theory obtained through the conformal supergravity method and review the
methods for investigating supersymmetric solutions. This leads to
quantum/string corrected attractor geometries, as well as asymptotically flat
black strings and spinning black holes. With these solutions in hand, we
compare our results with analogous studies in four-dimensional string-corrected
supergravity, emphasizing the distinctions between the four and five
dimensional theories.


title:
Adaptive Independent Metropolis-Hastings by Fast Estimation of Mixtures
  of Normals

abstract:
  We construct an adaptive independent Metropolis-Hastings sampler that uses a
mixture of normals as a proposal distribution. To take full advantage of the
potential of adaptive sampling our algorithm updates the mixture of normals
frequently, starting early in the chain. The algorithm is built for speed and
reliability and its sampling performance is evaluated with real and simulated
examples. Our article outlines conditions for adaptive sampling to hold and
gives a readily accessible proof that under these conditions the sampling
scheme generates iterates that converge to the target distribution.


title: Combined dynamic Gruss inequalities on time scales

abstract:
  We prove a more general version of the Gruss inequality by using the recent
theory of combined dynamic derivatives on time scales and the more general
notions of diamond-alpha derivative and integral. For the particular case when
alpha = 1, one gets a delta-integral Gruss inequality on time scales; for alpha
= 0 a nabla-integral Gruss inequality. If we further restrict ourselves by
fixing the time scale to the real (or integer) numbers, then the standard
continuous (discrete) inequalities are obtained.


title:
Structural anomalies of fluids: Origins in second and higher
  coordination shells

abstract:
  Compressing or cooling a fluid typically enhances its static interparticle
correlations. However, there are notable exceptions. Isothermal compression can
reduce the translational order of fluids that exhibit anomalous waterlike
trends in their thermodynamic and transport properties, while isochoric cooling
(or strengthening of attractive interactions) can have a similar effect on
fluids of particles with short-range attractions. Recent simulation studies by
Yan et al. [Phys. Rev. E 76, 051201 (2007)] on the former type of system and
Krekelberg et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 127, 044502 (2007)] on the latter provide
examples where such structural anomalies can be related to specific changes in
second and more distant coordination shells of the radial distribution
function. Here, we confirm the generality of this microscopic picture through
analysis, via molecular simulation and integral equation theory, of
coordination shell contributions to the two-body excess entropy for several
related model fluids which incorporate different levels of molecular
resolution. The results suggest that integral equation theory can be an
effective and computationally inexpensive first-pass tool for assessing, based
on the pair potential alone, whether new model systems are good candidates for
exhibiting structural (and hence thermodynamic and transport) anomalies.


title:
Identification of Boundary Conditions Using Natural Frequencies in Case
  of a Ring Membrane

abstract:
  The problem of finding boundary conditions for fastening of a ring membrane,
which are inaccessible for direct observation from the natural frequencies of
its flexural oscillations, is considered. Two theorems on the uniqueness of
this problem are proved, and a method for establishing the unknown conditions
for fastening of the membrane to the walls is indicated. An approximate formula
for determining the unknown conditions is obtained, using first three natural
frequencies. The method of approximate calculation of unknown boundary
conditions, is explained with the help of an example. Keywords: Boundary
conditions, inverse spectral problem, membrane, natural frequencies, Plucker
coordinates, Plucker relation.


title: Optical response of a self-standing monolayer of dielectric spheres

abstract:
  An analysis of the optical response of periodically arrayed monolayers
composed of dielectric spheres with low refractive index is herein presented.
The reflectance spectra of two-dimensional square and triangular lattices are
obtained by means of the vector Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method, both spectra
showing very similar qualitative features for photon energies below the onset
of diffraction spots. In this energy region, the same number of peaks of
unitary amplitude in the reflectance spectra are predicted for both kinds of
monolayers, suggesting that this must be a universal feature independent of the
particular geometry of the lattice. The origin of these high reflectance peaks
is investigated. It is found that the resonances of TM and TE modes due to
dipolar, quadrupolar and octupolar interaction inside the monolayer are largely
responsible for the peak structure observed in the reflectance spectra.


title:
Broadband Spectral Properties of Bright High-Energy Gamma-Ray Bursts
  Observed with BATSE and EGRET

abstract:
  We present the spectral analysis of duration-integrated broadband spectra (in
$\sim30 $keV$-200 $MeV) of 15 bright BATSE gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Some GRB
spectra are very hard, with their spectral peak energies being above the BATSE
LAD passband limit of $\sim$2 MeV. In such cases, their high-energy spectral
parameters (peak energy and high-energy power-law indices) cannot be adequately
constrained by BATSE LAD data alone. A few dozen bright BATSE GRBs were also
observed with EGRET's calorimeter, TASC, in multi-MeV energy band, with a large
effective area and fine energy resolution. Combining the BATSE and TASC data,
therefore, affords spectra that span four decades of energy ($30 $keV$-200
$MeV), allowing for a broadband spectral analysis with good statistics.
Studying such broadband high-energy spectra of GRB prompt emission is crucial,
as they provide key clues to understanding its gamma-ray emission mechanism.
Among the 15 GRB spectra, we found two cases with a significant high-energy
excess, and another case with a extremely high peak energy (\epeak $\gtrsim$
170 MeV). There have been very limited number of GRBs observed at MeV energies
and above, and only a few instruments have been capable of observing GRBs in
this energy band with such high sensitivity. Thus, our analysis results
presented here should also help predict GRB observations with current and
future high-energy instruments such as AGILE and GLAST, as well as with
ground-based very-high-energy telescopes.


title:
Comment to "Recent Climate Observations Compared to Projections" by
  Rahmstorf et al

abstract:
  It is shown in this comment that considering the Mauna Loa observation of the
atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and the mean near surface temperature
anomalies for the period from the beginning of the seventies to recent years
only is, clearly, a source of misinterpretation. If we consider the whole
period of available data (1958 - 2004), we obtain results which differ from
those presented by Rahmstorf et al. It is also shown that in 1988 when the
Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) of the United Nations and the
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) was established there was certainly no
correlation between the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and the mean
near surface temperature anomalies, neither on the annual time scale nor on the
monthly time scale.


title:
Theoretical aspects of quantum state transfer, correlation measurement
  and electron-nuclei coupled dynamics in quantum dots

abstract:
  Photons and electrons are the key quantum media for the quantum information
processing based on solid state devices. The essential ingredients to
accomplish the quantum repeater were investigated and their underlying physics
were revealed. The relevant elementary processes of the quantum state transfer
between a single photon and a single electron were analyzed, to clarify the
conditions to be satisfied to achieve the high fidelity of the quantum state
transfer. An optical method based on the Faraday rotation was proposed to carry
out the Bell measurement of two electrons which is a key operation in the
entanglement swapping for the quantum repeater and its feasibility was
confirmed. Also investigated was the quantum dynamics in the electron-nuclei
coupled spin system in quantum dots and a couple of new phenomena were
predicted related to the correlations induced by the hyperfine interaction,
namely, bunching and revival in the electron spin measurements. These findings
will pave the way to accomplish the efficient and robust quantum repeater and
nuclear spin quantum memory.


title: Can One Hear Fastening of a Rod?

abstract:
  Rods are parts of various devices. If it is impossible to observe the rod
directly, the only source of information about possible defects of its
fastening can be the natural frequencies of its flexural vibrations. The
question arises whether one would be able to detect damage in rod fastening by
the natural frequencies of its flexural vibrations. This paper gives and
substantiates a positive answer to this question.


title: Noncommutative Riesz transforms -- a probabilistic approach

abstract:
  For $2\le p<\infty$ we show the lower estimates
  \[ \|A^{\frac 12}x\|_p \kl c(p)\max\{\pl \|\Gamma(x,x)^{{1/2}}\|_p,\pl
\|\Gamma(x^*,x^*)^{{1/2}}\|_p\} \] for the Riesz transform associated to a
semigroup $(T_t)$ of completely positive maps on a von Neumann algebra with
negative generator $T_t=e^{-tA}$, and gradient form \[ 2\Gamma(x,y)\lel
Ax^*y+x^*Ay-A(x^*y)\pl .\] As additional hypothesis we assume that $\Gamma^2\gl
0$ and the existence of a Markov dilation for $(T_t)$. We give applications to
quantum metric spaces and show the equivalence of semigroup Hardy norms and
martingale Hardy norms derived from the Markov dilation. In the limiting case
we obtain a viable definition of BMO spaces for general semigroups of
completely positive maps which can be used as an endpoint for interpolation.
For torsion free ordered groups we construct a connection between Riesz
transforms and the Hilbert transform induced by the order.


title:
New Limits on Coupling of Fundamental Constants to Gravity Using
  $^{87}$Sr Optical Lattice Clocks

abstract:
  The $^1\mathrm{S}_0$-$^3\mathrm{P}_0$ clock transition frequency
$\nu_\text{Sr}$ in neutral $^{87}$Sr has been measured relative to the Cs
standard by three independent laboratories in Boulder, Paris, and Tokyo over
the last three years. The agreement on the $1\times 10^{-15}$ level makes
$\nu_\text{Sr}$ the best agreed-upon optical atomic frequency. We combine
periodic variations in the $^{87}$Sr clock frequency with $^{199}$Hg$^+$ and
H-maser data to test Local Position Invariance by obtaining the strongest
limits to date on gravitational-coupling coefficients for the fine-structure
constant $\alpha$, electron-proton mass ratio $\mu$ and light quark mass.
Furthermore, after $^{199}$Hg$^+$, $^{171}$Yb$^+$ and H, we add $^{87}$Sr as
the fourth optical atomic clock species to enhance constraints on yearly drifts
of $\alpha$ and $\mu$.


title: Large Einstein Radii: A Problem for LambdaCDM

abstract:
  The Einstein radius of a cluster provides a relatively model-independent
measure of the mass density of a cluster within a projected radius of ~ 150
kpc, large enough to be relatively unaffected by gas physics. We show that the
observed Einstein radii of four well-studied massive clusters, for which
reliable virial masses are measured, lie well beyond the predicted distribution
of Einstein radii in the standard LambdaCDM model. Based on large samples of
numerically simulated cluster-sized objects with virial masses ~ 1e15 solar,
the predicted Einstein radii are only 15-25'', a factor of two below the
observed Einstein radii of these four clusters. This is because the predicted
mass profile is too shallow to exceed the critical surface density for lensing
at a sizable projected radius. After carefully accounting for measurement
errors as well as the biases inherent in the selection of clusters and the
projection of mass measured by lensing, we find that the theoretical
predictions are excluded at a 4-sigma significance. Since most of the free
parameters of the LambdaCDM model now rest on firm empirical ground, this
discrepancy may point to an additional mechanism that promotes the collapse of
clusters at an earlier time thereby enhancing their central mass density.


title: The Lexicographic First Occurrence of a I-II-III pattern

abstract:
  Consider a random permutation $\pi\in{\cal S}_n$. In this paper, perhaps best
classified as a contribution to discrete probability distribution theory, we
study the {\it first} occurrence $X=X_n$ of a I-II-III-pattern, where "first"
is interpreted in the lexicographic order induced by the 3-subsets of
$[n]=\{1,2,...,n\}$. Of course if the permutation is I-II-III-avoiding then the
first I-II-III-pattern never occurs, and thus $\e(X)=\infty$ for each $n$; to
avoid this case, we also study the first occurrence of a I-II-III-pattern given
a bijection $f:{\bf Z}^+\to{\bf Z}^+$.


title: Resource allocation pattern in infrastructure networks

abstract:
  Most infrastructure networks evolve and operate in a decentralized fashion,
which may adversely impact the allocation of resources across the system. Here
we investigate this question by focusing on the relation between capacity and
load in various such networks. We find that, due to network traffic
fluctuations, real systems tend to have larger unoccupied portions of the
capacities--smaller load-to-capacity ratios--on network elements with smaller
capacities, which contrasts with key assumptions involved in previous studies.
This finding suggests that infrastructure networks have evolved to minimize
local failures but not necessarily large-scale failures that can be caused by
the cascading spread of local damage.


title:
Indirect electric field doping of the CuO2 planes of the cuprate
  NdBa2Cu3O7 superconductor

abstract:
  The mechanism of field-effect doping in the "123" high critical temperature
superconductors (HTS) has been investigated by x-ray absorption spectroscopy in
the presence of an electric field. We demonstrate that holes are created at the
CuO chains of the charge reservoir and that field-effect doping of the CuO2
planes occurs by charge transfer, from the chains to the planes, of a fraction
of the overall induced holes. The electronic properties of the charge reservoir
and of the dielectric/HTS interface determine the electric field doping of the
CuO2 planes


title: $S$-wave pairing symmetry in non-centrosymmetric superconductor Re$_3$W

abstract:
  The alloys of non-centrosymmetric superconductor, Re$_3$W, which were
reported to have an $\alpha$-Mn structure [P. Greenfield and P. A. Beck, J.
Metals, N. Y. \textbf{8}, 265 (1959)] with $T_\mathrm{c}=9 $K were prepared by
arc melting. The ac susceptibility and low-temperature specific heat were
measured on these alloys. It is found that there are two superconducting phases
coexisting in the samples with $T_\mathrm{c1}\sim9 $K and $T_\mathrm{c2}\sim7
$K, both of which have a non-centrosymmetric structure as reported previously.
By analyzing the specific heat data measured in various magnetic fields, we
found that the absence of the inversion symmetry does not lead to the deviation
from a s-wave pairing symmetry in Re$_3$W.


title:
Top quark chromomagnetic dipole moment in the littlest Higgs model with
  T-parity

abstract:
  The littlest Higgs model with T-parity, which is called $LHT$ model, predicts
the existence of the new particles, such as heavy top quark, heavy gauge
bosons, and mirror fermions. We calculate the one-loop contributions of these
new particles to the top quark chromomagnetic dipole moment $(CMDM)$ $\Delta
K$. We find that the contribution of the $LHT$ model is one order of magnitude
smaller than the standard model prediction value.


title: Spinning Relativistic Particles in External Fields

abstract:
  The motion of spinning relativistic particles in external electromagnetic and
gravitational fields is considered. A simple derivation of the spin interaction
with gravitational field is presented. The self-consistent description of the
spin corrections to the equations of motion is built with the noncovariant
description of spin and with the usual, ``naive'' definition of the coordinate
of a relativistic particle.


title:
Energy-Momentum Problem of Bell-Szekeres Metric in General Relativity
  and Teleparallel Gravity

abstract:
  This paper is devoted to the investigation of the energy-momentum problem in
two theories, i.e., General Relativity and teleparallel gravity. We use
Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz, Bergmann-Thomson and M\"{o}ller's prescriptions to
evaluate energy-momentum distribution of Bell-Szekeres metric in both the
theories. It is shown that these prescriptions give the same energy-momentum
density components in both General Relativity and teleparallel theory.
M\"{o}ller's prescription yields constant energy in both the theories.


title:
D-optimal Bayesian Interrogation for Parameter and Noise Identification
  of Recurrent Neural Networks

abstract:
  We introduce a novel online Bayesian method for the identification of a
family of noisy recurrent neural networks (RNNs). We develop Bayesian active
learning technique in order to optimize the interrogating stimuli given past
experiences. In particular, we consider the unknown parameters as stochastic
variables and use the D-optimality principle, also known as `\emph{infomax
method}', to choose optimal stimuli. We apply a greedy technique to maximize
the information gain concerning network parameters at each time step. We also
derive the D-optimal estimation of the additive noise that perturbs the
dynamical system of the RNN. Our analytical results are approximation-free. The
analytic derivation gives rise to attractive quadratic update rules.


title:
Far field asymptotics of solutions to convection equation with anomalous
  diffusion

abstract:
  The initial value problem for the conservation law $\partial_t
u+(-\Delta)^{\alpha/2}u+\nabla \cdot f(u)=0$ is studied for $\alpha\in (1,2)$
and under natural polynomial growth conditions imposed on the nonlinearity. We
find the asymptotic expansion as $|x|\to \infty$ of solutions to this equation
corresponding to initial conditions, decaying sufficiently fast at infinity.


title:
Recurrent infomax generates cell assemblies, avalanches, and simple
  cell-like selectivity

abstract:
  Through evolution, animals have acquired central nervous systems (CNSs),
which are extremely efficient information processing devices that improve an
animal's adaptability to various environments. It has been proposed that the
process of information maximization (infomax), which maximizes the information
transmission from the input to the output of a feedforward network, may provide
an explanation of the stimulus selectivity of neurons in CNSs. However, CNSs
contain not only feedforward but also recurrent synaptic connections, and
little is known about information retention over time in such recurrent
networks. Here, we propose a learning algorithm based on infomax in a recurrent
network, which we call "recurrent infomax" (RI). RI maximizes information
retention and thereby minimizes information loss in a network. We find that
feeding in external inputs consisting of information obtained from photographs
of natural scenes into an RI-based model of a recurrent network results in the
appearance of Gabor-like selectivity quite similar tothat existing in simple
cells of the primary visual cortex (V1). More importantly, we find that without
external input, this network exhibits cell assembly-like and synfire chain-like
spontaneous activity and a critical neuronal avalanche. RI provides a simple
framework to explain a wide range of phenomena observed in in vivo and in vitro
neuronal networks, and it should provide a novel understanding of experimental
results for multineuronal activity and plasticity from an information-theoretic
point of view.


title: Chaotic instantons in periodically perturbed double-well system

abstract:
  Kicked double-well system is investigated both analytically and numerically.
Phenomenological formula for ground quasienergy splitting is obtained using
resonances overlap criterion in the framework of chaotic instanton approach.
Results of numerical calculations of quasienergy spectrum are in good agreement
with the phenomenological formula.


title: Temperature changes when adiabatically ramping up an optical lattice

abstract:
  When atoms are loaded into an optical lattice, the process of gradually
turning on the lattice is almost adiabatic. In this paper we investigate how
the temperature changes when going from the gapless superfluid phase to the
gapped Mott phase along isentropic lines. To do so we calculate the entropy in
the single-band Bose-Hubbard model for various densities, interaction strengths
and temperatures in one and two dimensions for homogeneous and trapped systems.
Our theory is able to reproduce the experimentally observed visibilities and
therefore strongly supports that current experiments remain in the quantum
regime for all considered lattice depths with low temperatures and minimal
heating.


title:
Effect of a possible cosmological time dependence of the gravitational
  parameter G on the peak luminosity of type Ia supernovae

abstract:
  The cosmological expansion of the universe affects the behaviour of all
physical systems and, in the case of gravitationally bound ones, could
correspond to or mimic a time dependent Newton's constant. Here we discuss the
case of a locally spherical mass distribution embedded in a generic Robertson
Walker universe. Choosing the most appropriate metric tensor for the problem
and assuming that the local time scale is much much lower than the cosmic one,
we show that G is practically unaffected thus leaving the absolute magnitude of
type Ia supernovae unaltered at all epochs.


title:
Possible Metastable State Triggered by Competition of Peierls State and
  Charge Ordered State

abstract:
  We examine a Peierls ground state and its competing metastable state in the
one-dimensional quarter-filled Peierls-Hubbard model with the nearest-neighbor
repulsive interaction V and the electron-phonon interaction (\propto 1/K with K
being the elastic constant). From the mean-field approach, we obtain the phase
diagram for the ground state on the plane of parameters V and K. The coexistent
state of the spin-density wave and the charge ordering is realized for large V
and K. With decreasing K, it exhibits a first-order phase transition to the
unconventional Peierls state which is described by the bond-centered
charge-density-wave state. In the large region of the Peierls ground state in
the phase diagram, there exists the metastable state where the energy takes a
local minimum with respect to the lattice distortion. On the basis of the
present calculation, we discuss the photoinduced phase observed in the
(EDO-TTF)_{2}PF_{6} compound.


title: A left-right SU(7) symmetric model with D-parity cosmic strings

abstract:
  Cosmic strings with the property of D-parity symmetry are studied in this
paper. They are of a Z-2 type of strings that could appear in the spontaneous
breaking of SU(7) and would present extraordinary properties in a background of
ordinary and mirror neutrinos. Through the special embedding of the left-right
symmetry in SU(7), with a minimal content of Higgs fields, based on two
singlets and two doublets, it is possible to assure the topological stability
of this type of cosmic strings. In their presence we could have a neutral
flavor changing interaction between ordinary and mirror neutrinos as well as
the formation of superconducting currents in the form of zero modes of neutrino
mirrors that would show interesting effects.


title:
Peierls ground state and excitations in the electron-lattice correlated
  system (EDO-TTF)_{2}X

abstract:
  We investigate the exotic Peierls state in the one-dimensional organic
compound (EDO-TTF)_{2}X, wherein the Peierls transition is accompanied by the
bending of molecules and also by a fourfold periodic array of charge
disproportionation along the one-dimensional chain. Such a Peierls state,
wherein the interplay between the electron correlation and the electron-phonon
interaction takes an important role, is examined based on an extended
Peierls-Holstein-Hubbard model that includes the alternation of the elastic
energies for both the lattice distortion and the molecular deformation. The
model reproduces the experimentally observed pattern of the charge
disproportionation and there exists a metastable state wherein the energy takes
a local minimum with respect to the lattice distortion and/or molecular
deformation. Furthermore, we investigate the excited states for both the
Peierls ground state and the metastable state by considering the soliton
formation of electrons. It is shown that the soliton excitation from the
metastable state costs energy that is much smaller than that of the Peierls
state, where the former is followed only by the charge degree of freedom and
the latter is followed by that of spin and charge. Based on these results, we
discuss the exotic photoinduced phase found in (EDO-TTF)_{2}PF_{6}.


title: Generalized Symmetries of Massless Free Fields on Minkowski Space

abstract:
  A complete and explicit classification of generalized, or local, symmetries
of massless free fields of spin $s \geq 1/2$ is carried out. Up to equivalence,
these are found to consists of the conformal symmetries and their duals, new
chiral symmetries of order $2s$, and their higher-order extensions obtained by
Lie differentiation with respect to conformal Killing vectors. In particular,
the results yield a complete classification of generalized symmetries of the
Dirac-Weyl neutrino equation, Maxwell's equations, and the linearized gravity
equations.


title: Infra-Mecanique Quantique

abstract:
  A qualitative representation of what is called 'microstates' is constructed
quite independently from the mathematical formalism of fundamental Quantum
Mechanics, by taking into accont exclusively the constraints imposed by (a) the
cognitive situation in which a human being places himself if he decides to
construct knowledge concerning microstates; (b) the general requirements of
human conceptualisation. The result, called infra quantum mechanics, offers a
semantic structure of reference that will permit to develop a unified coherent
treatment of all the interpretation problems raised by the formalism of
fundamental Quantum Mechanics.


title:
Critical fluctuations and random-anisotropy glass transition in nematic
  elastomers

abstract:
  We carry out a detailed deuterium NMR study of local nematic ordering in
polydomain nematic elastomers. This system has a close analogy to the
random-anisotropy spin glass. We find that, in spite of the quadrupolar nematic
symmetry in 3-dimensions requiring a first-order transition, the order
parameter in the quenched ``nematic glass'' emerges via a continuous phase
transition. In addition, by a careful analysis of the NMR line shape, we deduce
that the local director fluctuations grow in a critical manner around the
transition point. This could be the experimental evidence for the Aizenman-Wehr
theorem about the quenched impurities changing the order of discontinuous
transition.


title: Strong and weak coupling limits in optics of quantum well excitons

abstract:
  A transition between the strong (coherent) and weak (incoherent) coupling
limits of resonant interaction between quantum well (QW) excitons and bulk
photons is analyzed and quantified as a function of the incoherent damping rate
caused by exciton-phonon and exciton-exciton scattering. For confined QW
polaritons, a second, anomalous, damping-induced dispersion branch arises and
develops with increasing damping. In this case, the strong-weak coupling
transition is attributed to a critical damping rate, when the intersection of
the normal and damping-induced dispersion branches occurs. For the radiative
states of QW excitons, i.e., for radiative QW polaritons, the transition is
described as a qualitative change of the photoluminescence spectrum at grazing
angles along the QW structure. Furthermore, we show that the radiative
corrections to the QW exciton states with in-plane wavevector approaching the
photon cone are universally scaled by an energy parameter rather than diverge.
The strong-weak coupling transition rates are also proportional to the same
energy parameter. The numerical evaluations are given for a GaAs single quantum
well with realistic parameters.


title: Opinion dynamics on directed small-world networks

abstract:
  In this paper, we investigate the self-affirmation effect on formation of
public opinion in a directed small-world social network. The system presents a
non-equilibrium phase transition from a consensus state to a disordered state
with coexistence of opinions. The dynamical behaviors are very sensitive to the
density of long-range interactions and the strength of self-affirmation. When
the long-range interactions are sparse and individual generally does not insist
on his/her opinion, the system will display a continuous phase transition, in
the opposite case with high self-affirmation strength and dense long-range
interactions, the system does not display a phase transition. Between those two
extreme cases, the system undergoes a discontinuous phase transition.


title:
The effect of spin-orbit interaction on entanglement of two-qubit
  Heisenberg XYZ systems in an inhomogeneous magnetic field

abstract:
  The role of spin-orbit interaction on the ground state and thermal
entanglement of a Heisenberg XYZ two-qubit system in the presence of an
inhomogeneous magnetic field is investigated. For a certain value of spin-orbit
parameter $D$, the ground state entanglement tends to vanish suddenly and when
$D$ crosses its critical value $D_c$, the entanglement undergoes a revival. The
maximum value of the entanglement occurs in the revival region. In finite
temperatures there are revival regions in $D-T$ plane. In these regions,
entanglement first increases with increasing temperature and then decreases and
ultimately vanishes for temperatures above a critical value. This critical
temperature is an increasing function of $D$, thus the nonzero entanglement can
exist for larger temperatures. In addition, the amount of entanglement in the
revival region depends on the spin-orbit parameter. Also, the entanglement
teleportation via the quantum channel constructed by the above system is
investigated and finally the influence of the spin-orbit interaction on the
fidelity of teleportation and entanglement of replica state is studied.


title: Cut-disks for level spheres in link and tangle complements

abstract:
  Wu has shown that if a link or a knot $L$ in $S^3$ in thin position has thin
spheres, then the thin sphere of lowest width is an essential surface in the
link complement. In this paper we show that if we further assume that $L
\subset S^3$ is prime, then the thin sphere of lowest width also does not have
any vertical cut-disks. We also prove the result for a specific kind of tangles
in $S^2 \times [-1,1]$.


title: Positive forms on hyperkahler manifolds

abstract:
  Let $(M,I,J,K)$ be a hyperkaehler manifold, $\dim_\R M =4n$. We study
positive, Dolbeault-closed $(2p,0)$-forms on $(M,I)$. These forms are
quaternionic analogues of the positive $(p,p)$-forms. We construct an injective
homomorphism mapping Dolbeault-closed $(2p,0)$-forms to closed
$(n+p,n+p)$-forms, and positive $(2p,0)$-forms to positive $(n+p,n+p)$-forms.
This construction is used to prove a hyperkaehler version of the classical
Skoda-El Mir theorem, which says that a trivial extension of a closed, positive
current over a pluripolar set is again closed. We also prove the hyperkaehler
version of the Sibony's lemma, showing that a closed, positive $(2p,0)$-form
defined outside of a compact complex subvariety $Z\subset (M,I)$, $\codim Z >
2p$ is locally integrable in a neighbourhood of $Z$. These results are used to
prove polystability of derived direct images of certain coherent sheaves.


title:
Equivalent approaches to electromagnetic field quantization in a linear
  dielectric

abstract:
  It is shown that the minimal coupling method is equivalent to the
Huttner-Barnet and phenomenological approaches up to a canonical
transformation.


title: Hadron structure at small momentum transfer

abstract:
  Giving three examples, the form factors of the nucleon, the polarisability of
the charged pion and the interference of the $S_{11}(1535)$ with the
$D_{13}(1520)$ excitation of the nucleon in the $\eta p$-decay channel, it is
argued that the hadron structure at low momentum transfer is highly significant
for studying QCD.


title: Extension of the Huttner-Barnett model to a magnetodielectric medium

abstract:
  The Huttner$-$Barnett model is extended to a magnetodielectric medium by
adding a new matter field to this model. The eigenoperators for the coupled
system are calculated and electromagnetic field is written in terms of these
operators. The electric and magnetic susceptibility of the medium are
explicitly derived and shown to satisfy the Kramers$-$Kronig relations. It is
shown that the results obtained in this model are equivalent to the results
obtained from the phenomenological methods.


title:
The microscopic pairing gap in a slab of nuclear matter for the Argonne
  v18 NN-potential

abstract:
  Ab initio gap equation for ^1S_0 pairing in a nuclear slab is solved for the
Argonne v18 NN-potential. The gap function is compared in detail with the one
found previously for the separable form of the Paris potential. The difference
between the two gaps turned out to be about 10%. Dependence of the gap on the
chemical potential mu is analyzed.


title: Open maps having the Bula property

abstract:
  Every open continuous map f from a space X onto a paracompact C-space Y
admits two disjoint closed subsets of X so that their image by f is Y provided
all fibers of f are infinite and C*-embedded in X. Applications are
demonstrated for the existence of "disjoint" usco multiselections of set-valued
l.s.c. mappings defined on paracompact C-spaces, and for special type of
factorizations of open continuous maps from metrizable spaces onto paracompact
C-spaces. This settles several open questions.


title:
Do radio core-halos and cold fronts in non major merging clusters
  originate from the same gas sloshing?

abstract:
  We show an interesting correlation between the surface brightness and
temperature structure of the relaxed clusters RXJ1720.1+2638 and MS1455.0+2232,
hosting a pair of cold fronts, and their central core--halo radio source. We
discuss the possibility that the origin of this diffuse radio emission may be
strictly connected with the gas sloshing mechanism suggested to explain the
formation of cold fronts in non major merging clusters. We show that the
radiative lifetime of the relativistic electrons is much shorter than the
timescale on which they can be transported from the central galaxy up to the
radius of the outermost cold front. This strongly indicates that the observed
diffuse radio emission is likely produced by electrons re--accelerated via some
kind of turbulence generated within the cluster volume limited by the cold
fronts during the gas sloshing.