title:
A deep AAOmega survey of low-luminosity galaxies in the Shapley
  Supercluster: Stellar population trends

abstract:
  We present new optical spectroscopy for 342 R<18 galaxies in the Shapley
Supercluster obtained with the AAOmega facility at the Anglo-Australian
Telescope. We describe the observations and measurements of central velocity
dispersion, emission line equivalent widths and absorption line indices. The
distinguishing characteristic of the survey is its coverage of a very wide
baseline in velocity dispersion (30-300 km/s), while achieving high
signal-to-noise ratio throughout (median 60 per Ang). Significant emission at
H-alpha was detected in ~20 per cent of red-sequence Shapley members. Using
line-ratio diagnostics, we find that the emission is LINER-like at high
luminosity, but driven by star-formation in low-luminosity galaxies. We use
Lick indices to characterise the absorption spectra. We define a subset of
galaxies with very low emission contamination, and fit the index-sigma
relations for this subset. Comparing the index-sigma slopes against predictions
from single-burst stellar population models, we infer the scaling relations of
age, total metallicity, [Z/H], and alpha-element abundance ratio, [a/Fe]. To
reproduce the observed index-sigma slopes, all three parameters must increase
with increasing velocity dispersion. Specifically, we recover: Age \propto
sigma^0.52+/-0.10, Z/H \propto sigma^0.34+/-0.07, and a/Fe \propto
sigma^0.23+/-0.06 (error reflects systematic effects), derived over a decade
baseline in velocity dispersion. The recovered age-sigma relation is shown to
be consistent with the observed evolution in the giant-to-dwarf galaxy ratio in
clusters at redshifts z=0.4-0.8. A companion paper will analyse the
distribution of age, [Z/H] and [a/Fe] for individual galaxies. (Abridged.)


title: T-duality and Generalized Kahler Geometry

abstract:
  We use newly discovered N = (2, 2) vector multiplets to clarify T-dualities
for generalized Kahler geometries. Following the usual procedure, we gauge
isometries of nonlinear sigma-models and introduce Lagrange multipliers that
constrain the field-strengths of the gauge fields to vanish. Integrating out
the Lagrange multipliers leads to the original action, whereas integrating out
the vector multiplets gives the dual action. The description is given both in N
= (2, 2) and N = (1, 1) superspace.


title: T-duality, quotients and generalized Kahler geometry

abstract:
  In this paper we reopen the discussion of gauging the two-dimensional
off-shell (2,2) supersymmetric sigma models written in terms of semichiral
superfields. The associated target space geometry of this particular sigma
model is generalized Kahler (or bi-hermitean with two non-commuting complex
structures). The gauging of the isometries of the sigma model is now done by
coupling the semichiral superfields to the new (2,2) semichiral vector
multiplet. We show that the two moment maps together with a third function form
the complete set of three Killing potentials which are associated with this
gauging. We show that the Killing potentials lead to the generalized moment
maps defined in the context of twisted generalized Kahler geometry. Next we
address the question of the T-duality map, while keeping the (2,2)
supersymmetry manifest. Using the new vector superfield in constructing the
duality functional, under T-duality we swap a pair of left and right semichiral
superfields by a pair of chiral and twisted chiral multiplets. We end with a
discussion on quotient construction.


title:
The Masses and Shapes of Dark Matter Halos from Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing in
  the CFHTLS

abstract:
  We present the first galaxy-galaxy weak lensing results using early data from
the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHTLS). These results are
based on ~22 sq. deg. of i' data. From this data, we estimate the average
velocity dispersion for an L* galaxy at a redshift of 0.3 to be 137 +- 11 km/s,
with a virial mass, M_{200}, of 1.1 +- 0.2 \times 10^{12} h^{-1} Msun and a
rest frame R-band mass-to-light ratio of 173 +- 34 h Msun/Lsun. We also
investigate various possible sources of systematic error in detail.
Additionally, we separate our lens sample into two sub-samples, divided by
apparent magnitude, thus average redshift. From this early data we do not
detect significant evolution in galaxy dark matter halo mass-to-light ratios
from a redshift of 0.45 to 0.27. Finally, we test for non-spherical galaxy dark
matter halos. Our results favor a dark matter halo with an ellipticity of ~0.3
at the 2-sigma level when averaged over all galaxies. If the sample of
foreground lens galaxies is selected to favor ellipticals, the mean halo
ellipticity and significance of this result increase.


title: X-Ray Absorption from the Milky Way Halo and the Local Group

abstract:
  Million degree gas is present at near-zero redshift and is due either to a
gaseous Galactic Halo or a more diffuse but very massive Local Group medium. We
can discriminate between these models because the column densities should
depend on location in the sky, either relative to the Galaxy bulge or to the
M31-Milky Way axis. To search for these signatures, we measured the OVII Kalpha
absorption line strength toward 25 bright AGNs, plus LMC X-3, using XMM-Newton
RGS archival data. The data are in conflict with a purely Local Group model,
but support the Galactic Halo model. The strongest correlation is between the
OVII equivalent widths and the ROSAT background emission measurement in the R45
band (0.4-1 keV), for which OVII emission makes the largest single
contribution. This suggests that much of the OVII emission and absorption are
cospatial, from which the radius of a uniform halo appears to lie the range
15-110 kpc. The present data do not constrain the type of halo gas model and an
equally good fit is obtained in a model where the gas density decreases as a
power-law, such as r^(-3/2). For a uniform halo with a radius of 20 kpc, the
electron density would be 9E-4 cm^(-3), and the gas mass is 4E8 Msolar. The
redshift of the four highest S/N OVII measurements is consistent with a Milky
Way origin rather than a Local Group origin.


title:
A Survey of Metal Lines at High-redshift (I) : SDSS Absorption Line
  Studies - The Methodology and First Search Results for OVI

abstract:
  We report the results of a systematic search for signatures of metal lines in
quasar spectra of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 3(DR3),
focusing on finding intervening absorbers via detection of their OVI doublet.
Here we present the search algorithm, and criteria for distinguishing
candidates from spurious Lyman $\alpha${} forest lines. In addition, we compare
our findings with simulations of the Lyman $\alpha${} forest in order to
estimate the detectability of OVI doublets over various redshift intervals. We
have obtained a sample of 1756 OVI doublet candidates with rest-frame
equivalent width > 0.05 \AA{} in 855 AGN spectra (out of 3702 objects with
redshifts in the accessible range for OVI detection). This sample is further
subdivided into 3 groups according to the likelihood of being real and the
potential for follow-up observation of the candidate. The group with the
cleanest and most secure candidates is comprised of 145 candidates. 69 of these
reside at a velocity separation > 5000 km/s from the QSO, and can therefore be
classified tentatively as intervening absorbers. Most of these absorbers have
not been picked up by earlier, automated QSO absorption line detection
algorithms. This sample increases the number of known OVI absorbers at
redshifts beyond z$_{abs} > 2.7 substantially.


title:
Technology challenges for space interferometry: the option of
  mid-infrared integrated optics

abstract:
  Nulling interferometry is a technique providing high angular resolution which
is the core of the space missions Darwin and the Terrestrail Planet Finder. The
first objective is to reach a deep degree of starlight cancelation in the range
6 -- 20 microns, in order to observe and to characterize the signal from an
Earth-like planet. Among the numerous technological challenges involved in
these missions, the question of the beam combination and wavefront filtering
has an important place. A single-mode integrated optics (IO) beam combiner
could support both the functions of filtering and the interferometric
combination, simplifying the instrumental design. Such a perspective has been
explored in this work within the project Integrated Optics for Darwin (IODA),
which aims at developing a first IO combiner in the mid-infrared. The solutions
reviewed here to manufacture the combiner are based on infrared dielectric
materials on one side, and on metallic conductive waveguides on the other side.
With this work, additional inputs are offered to pursue the investigation on
mid-infrared photonics devices.


title: Radial Alignment in Simulated Clusters

abstract:
  Observational evidence for the radial alignment of satellites with their dark
matter host has been accumulating steadily in the past few years. The effect is
seen over a wide range of scales, from massive clusters of galaxies down to
galaxy-sized systems, yet the underlying physical mechanism has still not been
established. To this end, we have carried out a detailed analysis of the shapes
and orientations of dark matter substructures in high-resolution N-body
cosmological simulations. We find a strong tendency for radial alignment of the
substructure with its host halo: the distribution of halo major axes is very
anisotropic, with the majority pointing towards the center of mass of the host.
The alignment peaks once the sub-halo has passed the virial radius of the host
for the first time, but is not subsequently diluted, even after the halos have
gone through as many as four pericentric passages. This evidence points to the
existence of a very rapid dynamical mechanism acting on these systems and we
argue that tidal torquing throughout their orbits is the most likely candidate.


title:
Trapping of Neutral Rubidium with a Macroscopic Three-Phase Electric
  Trap

abstract:
  We trap neutral ground-state rubidium atoms in a macroscopic trap based on
purely electric fields. For this, three electrostatic field configurations are
alternated in a periodic manner. The rubidium is precooled in a magneto-optical
trap, transferred into a magnetic trap and then translated into the electric
trap. The electric trap consists of six rod-shaped electrodes in cubic
arrangement, giving ample optical access. Up to 10^5 atoms have been trapped
with an initial temperature of around 20 microkelvin in the three-phase
electric trap. The observations are in good agreement with detailed numerical
simulations.


title:
Non-spectral methods of analysis of the internal gravity waves
  measurements in ocean

abstract:
  The paper is devoted to the presentation of the non-spectral methods of
analysis of the natural measurements of the internal gravity waves in the ocean
with the purpose to determine characteristics of the wave-trains composing the
measured field, the forms and parameters of the ocean along the pass of these
wave-trains propagation. The problem of the analysis of the data of the natural
measurements of the internal waves with the purpose to separate the single
wave-trains from the measured field, and on this basis to determine the
characteristics of these wave-trains, to receive the information on the sources
of excitation of the waves, and the information on the properties of the ocean
along the pass of the waves propagation, is directly connected with the
problems of the wave dynamics. The basis of the offered algorithms of the
analysis is the supposition, that the measured wave field represents the sum of
the plane wave-trains having the certain speed and directions of propagation.
Transformation of the packages of the internal waves, which can be determined
by the given methods, may testify about the passage of the wave-trains through
the big-size oceanic formations, that makes it possible to remotely determine
the characteristics of these formations.


title:
Globular clusters with the extended horizontal-branch as remaining cores
  of galaxy building blocks

abstract:
  The relics of building blocks that made stellar halo and bulge are yet to be
discovered unless they were completely disrupted throughout the history of the
Galaxy. Here we suggest that about 25% of the Milky Way globular clusters have
characteristics of the remaining cores of these early building blocks rather
than genuine star clusters. They are clearly distinct from other normal
globular clusters in the presence of extended horizontal-branch and multiple
stellar populations, in mass (brightness), and most importantly in orbital
kinematics. Based on this result, a three-stage formation picture of the Milky
Way is suggested, which includes early mergers, collapse, and later accretion.


title: Hard-scattering and Jets from RHIC to LHC: a critical review

abstract:
  Jets in hadron collisions are very complicated with a long learning curve
replete with errors. In relativistic heavy ion (RHI) collisions, it is likely
that jets will be much more complicated with an even longer and more difficult
learning curve. Hard scattering is more easily observed via single particle and
few particle correlation measurements. The main advantage of jets is higher
rate at large $p_T$, plus the possibility of detailed studies of soft
fragmentation if the soft fragments can be separated from the background. A
critical review of the possibility of using jets as a probe of hard-scattering
in RHI collisions is presented along with other probes and measurements which
the author considers much more likely to reveal the interesting physics in
Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC. Finally, a list of unanswered questions raised by
results at RHIC is presented.


title:
Simulating cosmic rays in clusters of galaxies - II. A unified scheme
  for radio halos and relics with predictions of the gamma-ray emission

abstract:
  The thermal plasma of galaxy clusters lost most of its information on how
structure formation proceeded as a result of dissipative processes. In
contrast, non-equilibrium distributions of cosmic rays (CR) preserve the
information about their injection and transport processes and provide thus a
unique window of current and past structure formation processes. This
information can be unveiled by observations of non-thermal radiative processes,
including radio synchrotron, hard X-ray, and gamma-ray emission. To explore
this, we use high-resolution simulations of a sample of galaxy clusters
spanning a mass range of about two orders of magnitudes, and follow
self-consistent CR physics on top of the radiative hydrodynamics. We model CR
electrons that are accelerated at cosmological structure formation shocks and
those that are produced in hadronic interactions of CRs with ambient gas
protons. We find that CR protons trace the time integrated non-equilibrium
activities of clusters while shock-accelerated CR electrons probe current
accretion and merging shock waves. The resulting inhomogeneous synchrotron
emission matches the properties of observed radio relics. We propose a unified
model for the generation of radio halos. Giant radio halos are dominated in the
centre by secondary synchrotron emission with a transition to the synchrotron
radiation emitted from shock-accelerated electrons in the cluster periphery.
This model is able to explain the observed correlation of mergers with radio
halos, the larger peripheral variation of the spectral index, and the large
scatter in the scaling relation between cluster mass and synchrotron emission.
Future low-frequency radio telescopes (LOFAR, GMRT, MWA, LWA) are expected to
probe the accretion shocks of clusters. [abridged]


title: On certain period relations for cusp forms on GL_n

abstract:
  Let $\pi$ be a regular algebraic cuspidal automorphic representation of ${\rm
GL}_n({\mathbb A}_F)$ for a number field $F$. We consider certain periods
attached to $\pi$. These periods were originally defined by Harder when $n=2$,
and later by Mahnkopf when $F = {\mathbb Q}$. In the first part of the paper we
analyze the behaviour of these periods upon twisting $\pi$ by algebraic Hecke
characters. In the latter part of the paper we consider Shimura's periods
associated to a modular form. If $\phi_{\chi}$ is the cusp form associated to a
character $\chi$ of a quadratic extension, then we relate the periods of
$\phi_{\chi^n}$ to those of $\phi_{\chi}$, and as a consequence give another
proof of Deligne's conjecture on the critical values of symmetric power
$L$-functions associated to dihedral modular forms. Finally, we make some
remarks on the symmetric fourth power $L$-functions.


title: W and Z Production and Asymmetries at the Tevatron

abstract:
  An overview of W and Z production in high energy hadron collisions is given.
W and Z cross section and asymmetry measurements from CDF and DO are described,
with particular emphasis on recent results. The current status of precision W
mass and width measurements is reported. The fundamental physics parameters
that can be extracted from these measurements are described, and the relevance
of W and Z production studies for the LHC is pointed out.


title: Iterating the Pimsner construction

abstract:
  For $A$ a $C^*$-algebra, $E_1, E_2$ two Hilbert bimodules over $A$, and a
fixed isomorphism $\chi : E_1\otimes_AE_2\to E_2\otimes_AE_1$, we consider the
problem of computing the $K$-theory of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra ${\mathcal
O}_{E_2\otimes_A{\mathcal O}_{E_1}}$ obtained by extending the scalars and by
iterating the Pimsner construction.
  The motivating examples are a commutative diagram of Douglas and Howe for the
Toeplitz operators on the quarter plane, and the Toeplitz extensions associated
by Pimsner and Voiculescu to compute the $K$-theory of a crossed product. The
applications are for Hilbert bimodules arising from rank two graphs and from
commuting endomorphisms of abelian $C^*$-algebras.


title:
A decreased probability of habitable planet formation around low-mass
  stars

abstract:
  Smaller terrestrial planets (< 0.3 Earth masses) are less likely to retain
the substantial atmospheres and ongoing tectonic activity probably required to
support life. A key element in determining if sufficiently massive "sustainably
habitable" planets can form is the availability of solid planet-forming
material. We use dynamical simulations of terrestrial planet formation from
planetary embryos and simple scaling arguments to explore the implications of
correlations between terrestrial planet mass, disk mass, and the mass of the
parent star. We assume that the protoplanetary disk mass scales with stellar
mass as Mdisk ~ f Mstar^h, where f measures the relative disk mass, and 1/2 < h
< 2, so that disk mass decreases with decreasing stellar mass. We consider
systems without Jovian planets, based on current models and observations for M
stars. We assume the mass of a planet formed in some annulus of a disk with
given parameters is proportional to the disk mass in that annulus, and show
with a suite of simulations of late-stage accretion that the adopted
prescription is surprisingly accurate. Our results suggest that the fraction of
systems with sufficient disk mass to form > 0.3 Earth mass habitable planets
decreases for low-mass stars for every realistic combination of parameters.
This "habitable fraction" is small for stellar masses below a mass in the
interval 0.5 to 0.8 Solar masses, depending on disk parameters, an interval
that excludes most M stars. Radial mixing and therefore water delivery are
inefficient in lower-mass disks commonly found around low-mass stars, such that
terrestrial planets in the habitable zones of most low-mass stars are likely to
be small and dry.


title: B-Tagging at CDF and DO, Lessons for LHC

abstract:
  The identification of jets resulting from the fragmentation and hadronization
of b quarks is an important part of high-pT collider physics. The methods used
by the CDF and DO collaborations to perform this identification are described,
including the calibration of the efficiencies and fake rates. Some thoughts on
the application of these methods in the LHC environment are also presented.


title: On the self-adjointness and domain of Pauli-Fierz type Hamiltonians

abstract:
  We prove a general theorem about the self-adjointness and domain of
Pauli-Fierz type Hamiltonians. Our proof is based on commutator arguments which
allow us to treat fields with non-commuting components. As a corollary it
follows that the domain of the Hamiltonian of non-relativistic QED with Coulomb
interactions is independent of the coupling constant.


title: Sampling Algorithms and Coresets for Lp Regression

abstract:
  The Lp regression problem takes as input a matrix $A \in \Real^{n \times d}$,
a vector $b \in \Real^n$, and a number $p \in [1,\infty)$, and it returns as
output a number ${\cal Z}$ and a vector $x_{opt} \in \Real^d$ such that ${\cal
Z} = \min_{x \in \Real^d} ||Ax -b||_p = ||Ax_{opt}-b||_p$. In this paper, we
construct coresets and obtain an efficient two-stage sampling-based
approximation algorithm for the very overconstrained ($n \gg d$) version of
this classical problem, for all $p \in [1, \infty)$. The first stage of our
algorithm non-uniformly samples $\hat{r}_1 = O(36^p d^{\max\{p/2+1, p\}+1})$
rows of $A$ and the corresponding elements of $b$, and then it solves the Lp
regression problem on the sample; we prove this is an 8-approximation. The
second stage of our algorithm uses the output of the first stage to resample
$\hat{r}_1/\epsilon^2$ constraints, and then it solves the Lp regression
problem on the new sample; we prove this is a $(1+\epsilon)$-approximation. Our
algorithm unifies, improves upon, and extends the existing algorithms for
special cases of Lp regression, namely $p = 1,2$. In course of proving our
result, we develop two concepts--well-conditioned bases and subspace-preserving
sampling--that are of independent interest.


title: Sources of Superlinearity in Davenport-Schinzel Sequences

abstract:
  A generalized Davenport-Schinzel sequence is one over a finite alphabet that
contains no subsequences isomorphic to a fixed forbidden subsequence. One of
the fundamental problems in this area is bounding (asymptotically) the maximum
length of such sequences. Following Klazar, let Ex(\sigma,n) be the maximum
length of a sequence over an alphabet of size n avoiding subsequences
isomorphic to \sigma. It has been proved that for every \sigma, Ex(\sigma,n) is
either linear or very close to linear; in particular it is O(n
2^{\alpha(n)^{O(1)}}), where \alpha is the inverse-Ackermann function and O(1)
depends on \sigma. However, very little is known about the properties of \sigma
that induce superlinearity of \Ex(\sigma,n).
  In this paper we exhibit an infinite family of independent superlinear
forbidden subsequences. To be specific, we show that there are 17 prototypical
superlinear forbidden subsequences, some of which can be made arbitrarily long
through a simple padding operation. Perhaps the most novel part of our
constructions is a new succinct code for representing superlinear forbidden
subsequences.


title: Numerical Calculation With Arbitrary Precision

abstract:
  The vast use of computers on scientific numerical computation makes the
awareness of the limited precision that these machines are able to provide us
an essential matter. A limited and insufficient precision allied to the
truncation and rounding errors may induce the user to incorrect interpretation
of his/hers answer. In this work, we have developed a computational package to
minimize this kind of error by offering arbitrary precision numbers and
calculation. This is very important in Physics where we can work with numbers
too small and too big simultaneously.


title:
On the explicit construction of higher deformations of partition
  statistics

abstract:
  The modularity of the partition generating function has many important
consequences, for example asymptotics and congruences for $p(n)$. In a series
of papers the author and Ono \cite{BO1,BO2} connected the rank, a partition
statistic introduced by Dyson, to weak Maass forms, a new class of functions
which are related to modular forms and which were first considered in
\cite{BF}. Here we do a further step towards understanding how weak Maass forms
arise from interesting partition statistics by placing certain 2-marked Durfee
symbols introduced by Andrews \cite{An1} into the framework of weak Maass
forms. To do this we construct a new class of functions which we call quasiweak
Maass forms because they have quasimodular forms as components. As an
application we prove two conjectures of Andrews. It seems that this new class
of functions will play an important role in better understanding weak Maass
forms of higher weight themselves, and also their derivatives. As a side
product we introduce a new method which enables us to prove transformation laws
for generating functions over incomplete lattices.


title: On the subdivision of small categories

abstract:
  We present an intrinsic and concrete development of the subdivision of small
categories, give some simple examples and derive its fundamental properties. As
an application, we deduce an alternative way to compare the homotopy categories
of spaces and small categories, by using partially ordered sets. This yields a
new conceptual proof to the well-known fact that these two homotopy categories
are equivalent.


title: The Scientific Method

abstract:
  The nature of the scientific method is controversial with claims that a
single scientific method does not even exist. However the scientific method
does exist. It is the building of logical and self consistent models to
describe nature. The models are constrained by past observations and judged by
their ability to correctly predict new observations and interesting phenomena.
The observations exist independent of the models but acquire meaning from their
context within a model. Observations must be carefully done and reproducible to
minimize errors. Models assumptions that do not lead to testable predictions
are rejected as unnecessary.


title: Cell Dissociation : A Cohesive Force of Hydrodynamic Origin

abstract:
  When an experimentalist or a biological mechanism applies an external force
onto a cell chemically sticking to its substrate, a reacting 'suction' force,
due to the slow penetration of the surrounding fluid between the cell and the
substrate, opposes to the dissociation. This force can overcome other known
adhesive forces when the process is sufficiently violent (typically 100000pN).
Its maximal contribution to the total adhesive energy of the cell can then be
estimated to 0.002 J/m2. The physical origin of this effect is quite simple,
and it may be compared with that leaning a 'suction-cup' against a bathroom
wall. We address the consequences of this effect on (i) the dissociation
energy, (ii) the motion of the fluid surrounding the cell, more especially, on
the pumping of the fluid by moving cells, and (iii) the inhibition of cell
motion.


title: The Bouncing Jet: A Newtonian Liquid Rebounding off a Free Surface

abstract:
  We find that a liquid jet can bounce off a bath of the same liquid if the
bath is moving horizontally with respect to the jet. Previous observations of
jets rebounding off a bath (e.g. Kaye effect) have been reported only for
non-Newtonian fluids, while we observe bouncing jets in a variety of Newtonian
fluids, including mineral oil poured by hand. A thin layer of air separates the
bouncing jet from the bath, and the relative motion replenishes the film of
air. Jets with one or two bounces are stable for a range of viscosity, jet flow
rate and velocity, and bath velocity. The bouncing phenomenon exhibits
hysteresis and multiple steady states.


title:
Multiplicativity of the maximal output 2-norm for depolarized
  Werner-Holevo channels

abstract:
  We study the multiplicativity of the output 2-norm for depolarized
Werner-Holevo channels and show that multiplicativity holds for a product of
two identical channels in this class. Moreover, it shown that the depolarized
Werner-Holevo channels do not satisfy the entrywise positivity condition
introduced by C. King and M.B. Ruskai, which suggests that the main result is
non-trivial.


title: Mass Hierarchy Determination via future Atmospheric Neutrino Detectors

abstract:
  We study the problem of determination of the sign of Delta m^2_{31}, or the
neutrino mass hierarchy, through observations of atmospheric neutrinos in
future detectors. We consider two proposed detector types :
  (a) Megaton sized water Cerenkov detectors, which can measure the survival
rates of nu_\mu + \bar{\nu}_\mu and nu_e + \bar{\nu}_e and (b) 100 kton sized
magnetized iron detectors, which can measure the survival rates of \nu_\mu and
\bar{\nu}_\mu. For energies and path-lengths relevant to atmospheric neutrinos,
these rates obtain significant matter contributions from P_{\mu e}, P_{\mu \mu}
and P_{ee}, leading to an appreciable sensitivity to the hierarchy. We do a
binned \chi^2 analysis of simulated data in these two types of detectors which
includes the effect of smearing in neutrino energy and direction and
incorporates detector efficiencies and relevant statistical, theoretical and
systematic errors. We also marginalize the \chi^2 over the allowed ranges of
neutrino parameters in order to accurately account for their uncertainties.
Finally, we compare the performance of both types of detectors vis a vis the
hierarchy determination.


title:
Strong dispersive coupling of a high finesse cavity to a micromechanical
  membrane

abstract:
  Macroscopic mechanical objects and electromagnetic degrees of freedom couple
to each other via radiation pressure. Optomechanical systems with sufficiently
strong coupling are predicted to exhibit quantum effects and are a topic of
considerable interest. Devices reaching this regime would offer new types of
control of the quantum state of both light and matter and would provide a new
arena in which to explore the boundary between quantum and classical physics.
Experiments to date have achieved sufficient optomechanical coupling to
laser-cool mechanical devices but have not yet reached the quantum regime. The
outstanding technical challenge in this field is integrating sensitive
micromechanical elements (which must be small, light, and flexible) into high
finesse cavities (which are typically much more rigid and massive) without
compromising the mechanical or optical properties of either. A second, and more
fundamental, challenge is to read out the mechanical element's quantum state:
displacement measurements (no matter how sensitive) cannot determine the energy
eigenstate of an oscillator, and measurements which couple to quantities other
than displacement have been difficult to realize. Here we present a novel
optomechanical system which seems to resolve both these challenges. We
demonstrate a cavity which is detuned by the motion of a thin dielectric
membrane placed between two macroscopic, rigid, high-finesse mirrors. This
approach segregates optical and mechanical functionality to physically distinct
structures and avoids compromising either. It also allows for direct
measurement of the square of the membrane's displacement, and thus in principle
the membrane's energy eigenstate. We estimate it should be practical to use
this scheme to observe quantum jumps of a mechanical system.


title:
Numerical calculation of the combinatorial entropy of partially ordered
  ice

abstract:
  Using a one-parameter case as an example, we demonstrate that multicanonical
simulations allow for accurate estimates of the residual combinatorial entropy
of partially ordered ice. For the considered case corrections to an
(approximate) analytical formula are found to be small, never exceeding 0.5%.
The method allows one as well to calculate combinatorial entropies for many
other systems.


title:
Stimulated Raman spin coherence and spin-flip induced hole burning in
  charged GaAs quantum dots

abstract:
  High-resolution spectral hole burning (SHB) in coherent nondegenerate
differential transmission spectroscopy discloses spin-trion dynamics in an
ensemble of negatively charged quantum dots. In the Voigt geometry, stimulated
Raman spin coherence gives rise to Stokes and anti-Stokes sidebands on top of
the trion spectral hole. The prominent feature of an extremely narrow spike at
zero detuning arises from spin population pulsation dynamics. These SHB
features confirm coherent electron spin dynamics in charged dots, and the
linewidths reveal spin spectral diffusion processes.


title:
Generalised Inverse-Cowling Approximation for Polar $w$-mode
  Oscillations of Neutron Stars

abstract:
  Adopting the Lindblom-Detweiler formalism for polar oscillations of neutron
stars, we study the $w$-mode oscillation and find that the Lagrangian change in
pressure, measured by the physical quantity $X$, is negligibly small. Based on
this observation, we develop the generalised inverse-Cowling approximation
(GICA) with the approximation $X=X'=0$, where $X'$ is the derivative of $X$
with respect to the circumferential radius, for $w$-mode oscillations of
neutron stars. Under GICA, $w$-mode oscillations are described by a
second-order differential system, which can yield accurate frequencies and
damping rates of quasi-normal modes.


title:
The spatio-kinematical structure and distance of the pre-planetary
  nebula IRAS 19134+2131

abstract:
  Using the VLBA, we have observed H2O maser emission in the pre-planetary
nebula IRAS 19134+2131(I19134), in which the H2O maser spectrum has two groups
of emission features separated in radial velocity by ~100 km/s. We also
obtained optical images of I19134 with the HST to locate the bipolar reflection
nebula in this source for the first time. The spatio-kinematical structure of
the H2O masers indicates the existence of a fast, collimated (precessing) flow
having a projected extent of ~140 mas and an expansion rate of ~1.9 mas/yr on
the sky plane, which gives a dynamical age of only ~40 yr. The two detected
optical lobes are also separated by ~150 mas in almost the same direction as
that of the collimated flow. The good agreement between the extent and
orientation of the H2O maser outflow and optical lobes suggests that the lobes
have been recently formed along the collimated fast flow. The positions of all
of the detected maser features have been measured with respect to the reference
source J1925+2106 over one year. Therefore we analyzed maser feature motions
that consist of the combination of an annual parallax, a secular motion
following Galactic rotation, and the intrinsic motions within the flow. We
obtain an annual-parallax distance to I19134 of D~8 kpc kpc and estimate its
location in the Galaxy to be (R, theta, z)=(7.4 kpc, 62 deg, 0.65 kpc). From
the mean motion of the blue-shifted and red-shifted clusters of maser features,
we estimate the 3-D secular motion of I19134 to be (V_{R}, V_{theta},
V_{z})=(3, 125, 8) [km/s]. From the height from the Galactic plane, z, and the
velocity component perpendicular to the Galactic plane, V_{z}, we estimate a
rough upper limit of ~9 M_{sun} to the stellar mass of I19134's progenitor.


title:
Entanglement-Resistant Two-Prover Interactive Proof Systems and
  Non-Adaptive Private Information Retrieval Systems

abstract:
  We show that, for any language in NP, there is an entanglement-resistant
constant-bit two-prover interactive proof system with a constant completeness
vs. soundness gap. The previously proposed classical two-prover constant-bit
interactive proof systems are known not to be entanglement-resistant. This is
currently the strongest expressive power of any known constant-bit answer
multi-prover interactive proof system that achieves a constant gap. Our result
is based on an "oracularizing" property of certain private information
retrieval systems, which may be of independent interest.


title: Can Strong Gravitational Lensing Constrain Dark Energy?

abstract:
  We discuss the ratio of the angular diameter distances from the source to the
lens, $D_{ds}$, and to the observer at present, $D_{s}$, for various dark
energy models. It is well known that the difference of $D_s$s between the
models is apparent and this quantity is used for the analysis of Type Ia
supernovae. However we investigate the difference between the ratio of the
angular diameter distances for a cosmological constant,
$(D_{ds}/D_{s})^{\Lambda}$ and that for other dark energy models,
$(D_{ds}/D_{s})^{\rm{other}}$ in this paper. It has been known that there is
lens model degeneracy in using strong gravitational lensing. Thus, we
investigate the model independent observable quantity, Einstein radius
($\theta_E$), which is proportional to both $D_{ds}/D_s$ and velocity
dispersion squared, $\sigma_v^2$. $D_{ds}/D_s$ values depend on the parameters
of each dark energy model individually. However, $(D_{ds}/D_s)^{\Lambda} -
(D_{ds}/D_{s})^{\rm{other}}$ for the various dark energy models, is well within
the error of $\sigma_v$ for most of the parameter spaces of the dark energy
models. Thus, a single strong gravitational lensing by use of the Einstein
radius may not be a proper method to investigate the property of dark energy.
However, better understanding to the mass profile of clusters in the future or
other methods related to arc statistics rather than the distances may be used
for constraints on dark energy.


title: A purely reflective large wide-field telescope

abstract:
  Two versions of a fast, purely reflective Paul-Baker type telescope are
discussed, each with an 8.4-m aperture, 3 deg diameter flat field and f/1.25
focal ratio.
  The first version is based on a common, even asphere type of surface with
zero conic constant. The primary and tertiary mirrors are 6th order aspheres,
while the secondary mirror is an 8th order asphere (referred to here for
brevity, as the 6/8/6 configuration). The D_80 diameter of a star image varies
from 0''.18 on the optical axis up to 0''.27 at the edge of the field (9.3-13.5
mcm).
  The second version of the telescope is based on a polysag surface type which
uses a polynomial expansion in the sag z, r^2 = 2R_0z - (1+b)z^2 + a_3 z^3 +
a_4 z^4 + ... + a_N z^N, instead of the common form of an aspheric surface.
This approach results in somewhat better images, with D_80 ranging from 0''.16
to 0''.23, using a lower-order 3/4/3 combination of powers for the mirror
surfaces. An additional example with 3.5-m aperture, 3.5 deg diameter flat
field, and f/1.25 focal ratio featuring near-diffraction-limited image quality
is also presented.


title:
The Two-Spectra Inverse Problem for Semi-Infinite Jacobi Matrices in The
  Limit-Circle Case

abstract:
  We present a technique for reconstructing a semi-infinite Jacobi operator in
the limit circle case from the spectra of two different self-adjoint
extensions. Moreover, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for two real
sequences to be the spectra of two different self-adjoint extensions of a
Jacobi operator in the limit circle case.


title: Cyclotomic $q$-Schur algebras associated to the Ariki-Koike algebra

abstract:
  Let $S$ be the cyclotomic $q$-Schur algebra associated to the Ariki-Koike
algebra $H_{n,r}$ of rank $n$, introduced by Dipper-James-Mathas. For each $p =
(r_1, ..., r_g)$ such that $r_1 + ... + r_g = r$, we define a subalgebra $S^p$
of $S$ and its quotient algebra $\bar S^p$. It is shown that $S^p$ is a
standardly based algebra and $\bar S^p$ is a cellular algebra. By making use of
these algebras, we show that certain decomposition numbers for $S$ can be
expressed as a product of decomposition numbers for cyclotomic $q$-Schur
algebras associated to smaller Ariki_koike algebras $H_{n_k,r_k}$.


title:
Kinematic fast cosmic dynamos in non-inflationary phases of ellipsoidal
  universe

abstract:
  Cosmic kinematic fast dynamo is found in non-inflationary phases of an
ellipsoidal anisotropic cosmological metric background solution of Einstein
field equations of general relativity. The magnetic field is amplified inside
the universe and spatially periodically. A finite resistivity is assumed, and a
nonsingular flow velocity is aligned with the magnetic field which is
orthogonal to a plane which is analog to a galactic plane in astrophysics.
Magnetic field components is stretched along the z-direction and a cosmic
dynamo is created in the spirit of Zeldovich stretch, twist and fold (STF)
dynamo generation mechanism. In the inflationary phase of the planar symmetric
universe, the primordial magnetic field decays and the galactic plane expands
as a de Sitter $(2+1)-spacetime$ and the eccentricity of the ellipsoidal
universe, tends to vanish with inflation. We may conclude that, as far as the
present model is concerned, anti-dynamos are obtained in inflationary phases.


title: Finite Anomalous Magnetic Moment in the Gauge-Higgs Unification

abstract:
  We show that the anomalous magnetic moment of fermion in the gauge-Higgs
unification is finite in any spacetime dimensions, which is a new predictive
physical observable similar to the Higgs mass.


title:
Spiral Wave Solutions of One-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau Equation By
  Extended F-expansion Method

abstract:
  The one-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau (GL) Equation is considered. We use the
recently developed extended F-expansion method to obtain spiral wave solution
of one-dimensional GL Equation.


title:
Conformal invariant powers of the Laplacian, Fefferman-Graham ambient
  metric and Ricci gauging

abstract:
  The hierarchy of conformally invariant k-th powers of the Laplacian acting on
a scalar field with scaling dimensions $\Delta_{(k)}=k-d/2$, k=1,2,3 as
obtained in the recent work [1] is rederived using the Fefferman-Graham d+2
dimensional ambient space approach. The corresponding mysterious "holographic"
structure of these operators is clarified. We explore also the d+2 dimensional
ambient space origin of the Ricci gauging procedure proposed by A. Iorio, L.
O'Raifeartaigh, I. Sachs and C. Wiesendanger as another method of constructing
the Weyl invariant Lagrangians. The corresponding \emph{gauged} ambient metric,
Fefferman-Graham expansion and extended Penrose-Brown-Henneaux transformations
are proposed and analyzed.


title: Fields of invariants of finite linear groups

abstract:
  The survey is devoted to the rationality question of finite linear groups. We
concentrate on lower-dimensional cases, especially on the case of dimension
four.


title: On slow-fading non-separable correlation MIMO systems

abstract:
  In a frequency selective slow-fading channel in a MIMO system, the channel
matrix is of the form of a block matrix. We propose a method to calculate the
limit of the eigenvalue distribution of block matrices if the size of the
blocks tends to infinity. We will also calculate the asymptotic eigenvalue
distribution of $HH^*$, where the entries of $H$ are jointly Gaussian, with a
correlation of the form $E[h_{pj}\bar h_{qk}]= \sum_{s=1}^t
\Psi^{(s)}_{jk}\hat\Psi^{(s)}_{pq}$ (where $t$ is fixed and does not increase
with the size of the matrix). We will use an operator-valued free probability
approach to achieve this goal. Using this method, we derive a system of
equations, which can be solved numerically to compute the desired eigenvalue
distribution.


title:
The Generation and Dissipation of Interstellar Turbulence - Results from
  Large Scale High Resolution Simulations

abstract:
  We study, by means of adaptive mesh refinement hydro- and
magnetohydrodynamical simulations that cover a wide range of scales (from kpc
to sub-parsec), the dimension of the most dissipative structures and the
injection scale of the turbulent interstellar gas, which we find to be about 75
pc, in agreement with observations. This is however smaller than the average
size of superbubbles, but consistent with significant density and pressure
changes in the ISM, which leads to the break-up of bubbles locally and hence to
injection of turbulence. The scalings of the structure functions are consistent
with log-Poisson statistics of supersonic turbulence where energy is dissipated
mainly through shocks. Our simulations are different from previous ones by
other authors as (i) we do not assume an isothermal gas, but have temperature
variations of several orders of magnitude and (ii) we have no artificial
forcing of the fluid with some ad hoc Fourier spectrum, but drive turbulence by
stellar explosions at the Galactic rate, self-regulated by density and
temperature thresholds imposed on the ISM gas.


title: Computer Simulation of Host and two Parasite Species with Ageing

abstract:
  The possible coexistence of one host, one aggressive parasite and one
non-lethal parasite is simulated using the Penna model of biological ageing. If
the aggressive parasites survive the difficult initial times where they have to
adjust genetically to the proper host age, all three species may survive,
though the host number may be diminished by increasing parasite aggressivity.


title: Relative log convergent cohomology and relative rigid cohomology I

abstract:
  In this paper, we develop the theory of relative log convergent cohomology.
We prove the coherence of relative log convergent cohomology in certain case by
using the comparison theorem between relative log convergent cohomlogy and
relative log crystalline cohomology, and we relates relative log convergent
cohomology to relative rigid cohomology to show the validity of Berthelot's
conjecture on the coherence and the overconvergence of relative rigid
cohomology for proper smooth families when they admit nice proper log smooth
compactification to which the coefficient extends logarithmically.


title: Relative log convergent cohomology and relative rigid cohomology II

abstract:
  In this paper, we develop the theory of relative log convergent cohomology of
radius $\lambda$ ($0 < \lambda \leq 1$), which is a generalization of the
notion of relative log convergent cohomology in the previous paper. By
comparing this cohomology with relative log crystalline cohomology, relative
rigid cohomology and its variants and by using some technique of hypercovering,
we prove a version of Berthelot's conjecture on the overconvergence of relative
rigid cohomology for proper smooth families.


title: Statistical properties of a generalized threshold network model

abstract:
  The threshold network model is a type of finite random graphs. In this paper,
we introduce a generalized threshold network model. A pair of vertices with
random weights is connected by an edge when real-valued functions of the pair
of weights belong to given Borel sets. We extend several known limit theorems
for the number of prescribed subgraphs to show that the strong law of large
numbers can be uniform convergence. We also prove two limit theorems for the
local and global clustering coefficients.


title: On the Graf's addition theorem for Hahn Exton q-Bessel function

abstract:
  In this paper we study the positivity of the generalized $q$-translation
associated with the $q$-Bessel Hahn Exton function which is deduced by a new
formulation of the Graf's addition formula related to this function.


title: Random environment on coloured trees

abstract:
  In this paper, we study a regular rooted coloured tree with random labels
assigned to its edges, where the distribution of the label assigned to an edge
depends on the colours of its endpoints. We obtain some new results relevant to
this model and also show how our model generalizes many other probabilistic
models, including random walk in random environment on trees, recursive
distributional equations and multi-type branching random walk on $\mathbb{R}$.


title: Charmed Exotics in Heavy Ion Collisions

abstract:
  Based on the color-spin interaction in diquarks, we argue that charmed
multiquark hadrons are likely to exist. Because of the appreciable number of
charm quarks produced in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at
ultrarelativistic energies, production of charmed multiquark hadrons is
expected to be enhanced in these collisions. Using both the quark coalescence
model and the statistical hadronization model, we estimate the yield of charmed
tetraquark meson $T_{cc}$ and pentaquark baryon $\Theta_{cs}$ in heavy ion
collisions at RHIC and LHC. We further discuss the decay modes of these charmed
exotic hadrons in order to facilitate their detections in experiments.


title:
Algebraic Connections vs. Algebraic {$\cD$}-modules: inverse and direct
  images

abstract:
  In the dictionary between the language of (algebraic integrable) connections
and that of (algebraic) $\cD$-modules, to compare the definitions of inverse
images for connections and $\cD$-modules is easy. But the comparison between
direct images for connections (the classical construction of the Gauss-Manin
connection for smooth morphisms) and for $\cD$-modules, although known to
specialists, has been explicitly proved only recently in a paper of Dimca,
Maaref, Sabbah and Saito in 2000, where the authors' main technical tool was M.
Saito's equivalence between the derived category of $\cD$-modules and a
localized category of differential complexes. The aim of this short paper is to
give a simplified summary of the [DMSS] argument, and to propose an alternative
proof of this comparison which is simpler, in the sense that it does not use
Saito equivalence. Moreover, our alternative strategy of comparison works in a
context which is a precursor to the Gauss-Manin connection (at the level of
$f^{-1}\cD_Y$-modules, for a morphism $f:X\to Y$), and may be of some intrinsic
interest.


title: New results from the B factories Belle and BaBar

abstract:
  The BELLE detector has already accumulated e^+ e^- collision data at the
KEKB-collider corresponding to 600 fb^-1. BaBar has accumulated data of
approximately 390 fb^-1 at PEP-II. Both are running on asymmetric energy e^+
e^- colliders at the Upsilon(4S) energy. The paper selects important results
from both experiments with the emphasis on CP violation in B meson decays and
its implications for the Unitarity Triangle.


title: The accuracy of roughness exponent measurement methods

abstract:
  We test methods for measuring and characterizing rough profiles with emphasis
on measurements of the self-affine roughness exponent, and describes a simple
test to separate between roughness exponents originating from long range
correlations in the sign signs of the profile, and roughness exponents
originating from L{\'e}vy distributions of jumps. Based on tests on profiles
with known roughness exponents we find that the power spectrum density analysis
and the averaged wavelet coefficients method give the best estimates for
roughness exponents in the range 0.1 to 0.9. The error-bars are found to be
less than 0.03 for profile lengths larger than 256, and there are no systematic
bias in the estimates. We present quantitative estimates of the error-bars and
the systematic error and their dependence on the value of the roughness
exponent and the profile length. We also quantify how power-law noise can
modify the measured roughness exponent for measurement methods different from
the power spectrum density analysis and the second order correlation function
method.


title:
Thermodynamics and superfluid density in BCS-BEC crossover with and
  without population imbalance

abstract:
  We address the thermodynamics, density profiles and superfluid density of
trapped fermions undergoing BCS-BEC crossover, with and without population
imbalance. Our approach represents a fully consistent treatment of "pseudogap
effects", which reflect the distinction between the pair formation temperature
$T^*$ and the pair condensation temperature $T_c$ and must be accommodated by
modifying the fermionic excitation spectrum. This distinction has been omitted
from all other many body approaches in the literature. We show how enforcing
this corollary implies that pairing fluctuation contributions enter into both
the gap and the number equations; this is necessary in order to be consistent
with a generalized Ward identity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that we obtain
physical results for the superfluid density $n_s(T)$ at all $T$. In contrast,
previous work in the literature has led to ill-behaved $n_s(T)$. The superfluid
density is a critical measure of the physicality of a given crossover theory.
In order to properly address thermodynamic properties of a trapped Fermi gas,
it is necessary to demonstrate that the particle density profiles are
consistent with experiment. The lack of demonstrable consistency between
theoretical and experimental density profiles, along with problematic behavior
found for $n_s(T)$, casts doubt on previous claims in the literature concerning
quantitative agreement between thermodynamical calculations and experiment.


title: Large amplitude oscillatory motion along a solar filament

abstract:
  Large amplitude oscillations of solar filaments is a phenomenon known for
more than half a century. Recently, a new mode of oscillations, characterized
by periodical plasma motions along the filament axis, was discovered. We
analyze such an event, recorded on 23 January 2002 in Big Bear Solar
Observatory H$\alpha$ filtergrams, in order to infer the triggering mechanism
and the nature of the restoring force. Motion along the filament axis of a
distinct buldge-like feature was traced, to quantify the kinematics of the
oscillatory motion. The data were fitted by a damped sine function, to estimate
the basic parameters of the oscillations. In order to identify the triggering
mechanism, morphological changes in the vicinity of the filament were analyzed.
The observed oscillations of the plasma along the filament was characterized by
an initial displacement of 24 Mm, initial velocity amplitude of 51 km/s, period
of 50 min, and damping time of 115 min. We interpret the trigger in terms of
poloidal magnetic flux injection by magnetic reconnection at one of the
filament legs. The restoring force is caused by the magnetic pressure gradient
along the filament axis. The period of oscillations, derived from the
linearized equation of motion (harmonic oscillator) can be expressed as
$P=\pi\sqrt{2}L/v_{A\phi}\approx4.4L/v_{A\phi}$, where $v_{A\phi}
=B_{\phi0}/\sqrt{\mu_0\rho}$ represents the Alfv\'en speed based on the
equilibrium poloidal field $B_{\phi0}$. Combination of our measurements with
some previous observations of the same kind of oscillations shows a good
agreement with the proposed interpretation.


title:
On decomposition numbers with Jantzen filtration of cyclotomic $q$-Schur
  algebras

abstract:
  Let $\Sc(\vL)$ be the cyclotomic $q$-Schur algebra associated to the
Ariki-Koike algebra $\He_{n,r}$, introduced by Dipper-James-Mathas. In this
paper, we consider $v$-decomposition numbers of $\Sc(\vL)$, namely
decomposition numbers with respect to the Jantzen filtrations of Weyl modules.
We prove, as a $v$-analogue of the result obtained by Shoji-Wada, a product
formula for $v$-decomposition numbers of $\Sc(\vL)$, which asserts that certain
$v$-decomposition numbers are expressed as a product of $v$-decomposition
numbers for various cyclotomic $q$-Schur algebras associated to Ariki-koike
algebras $\He_{n_i,r_i}$ of smaller rank. Moreover we prove a similar formula
for $v$-decomposition numbers of $\He_{n,r}$ by using a Schur functor.


title:
Emission Line Variability of the Accreting Young Brown Dwarf 2MASSW
  J1207334-393254: From Hours to Years

abstract:
  We have obtained a series of high-resolution optical spectra for the brown
dwarf 2MASSW J1207334-393254 (2M1207) using the ESO Very Large Telescope with
the UVES spectrograph during two consecutive observing nights (time resolution
of ~12 min) and the Magellan Clay telescope with the MIKE spectrograph.
Combined with previously published results, these data allow us to investigate
changes in the emission line spectrum of 2M1207 on timescales of hours to
years. Most of the emission line profiles of 2M1207 are broad, in particular
that of Halpha, indicating that the dominant fraction of the emission must be
attributed to disk accretion rather than to magnetic activity. From the Halpha
10% width we deduce a relatively stable accretion rate between
10^(-10.1...-9.8) Msun/yr for two nights of consecutive observations.
Therefore, either the accretion stream is nearly homogeneous over (sub-)stellar
longitude or the system is seen face-on. Small but significant variations are
evident throughout our near-continuous observation, and they reach a maximum
after ~8 h, roughly the timescale on which maximum variability is expected
across the rotation cycle. Together with past measurements, we confirm that the
accretion rate of 2M1207 varies by more than one order of magnitude on
timescales of months to years. Such variable mass accretion yields a plausible
explanation for the observed spread in the accretion rate vs. mass diagram. The
magnetic field required to drive the funnel flow is on the order of a few
hundred G. Despite the obvious presence of a magnetic field, no radio nor X-ray
emission has been reported for 2M1207. Possibly strong accretion suppresses
magnetic activity in brown dwarfs, similar to the findings for higher mass T
Tauri stars.


title:
Coupling to a phononic mode in $Bi_{2-x}Pb_xSr_2CaCu_2O_{8+\delta}$:
  Angle-resolved photoemission

abstract:
  The kink in the dispersion and the drop in the width observed by
angle-resolved photoemission in the nodal direction of the Brillouin zone of
$\mathrm{Bi_{2-x}Pb_xSr_2CaCu_2O_{8+ \delta}}$ (abbreviated as (Pb)Bi2212) has
attracted broad interest [1-3]. Surprisingly optimally lead-doped (Pb)Bi2212
with $\mathrm{T_C>89K}$ as well as the shadow band were not investigated so
far, although the origin of the kink and the drop is still under strong debate.
In this context a resonant magnetic-mode scenario and an electron-phonon
coupling scenario are discussed controversially. Here we analyze the relevant
differences between both scenarios and conclude that the kink and the drop are
caused by a coupling of the electronic system to a phononic mode at least in
the nodal direction. It is found that besides the dispersion and the drop in
the width also the peak height as a new criterion can be used to define the
energy scale of the interaction, giving a new means for a precise and
consistent determination of the kink energy.


title: On the divisor function and the Riemann zeta-function in short intervals

abstract:
  We obtain, for $T^\epsilon \le U=U(T)\le T^{1/2-\epsilon}$, asymptotic
formulas for $$ \int_T^{2T}(E(t+U) - E(t))^2 dt,\quad \int_T^{2T}(\Delta(t+U) -
\Delta(t))^2 dt, $$ where $\Delta(x)$ is the error term in the classical
divisor problem, and $E(T)$ is the error term in the mean square formula for
$|\zeta(1/2+it)|$. Upper bounds of the form $O_\epsilon(T^{1+\epsilon}U^2)$ for
the above integrals with biquadrates instead of square are shown to hold for
$T^{3/8} \le U =U(T) \ll T^{1/2}$. The connection between the moments of
$E(t+U) - E(t)$ and $|\zeta(1/2+it)|$ is also given. Generalizations to some
other number-theoretic error terms are discussed.


title: Coalescence of Rotating Black Holes on Eguchi-Hanson Space

abstract:
  We obtain new charged rotating multi-black hole solutions on the
Eguchi-Hanson space in the five-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell system with a
Chern-Simons term and a positive cosmological constant. In the two-black holes
case, these solutions describe the coalescence of two rotating black holes with
the spatial topologies of S^3 into a single rotating black hole with the
spatial topology of the lens space S^3/Z_2. We discuss the differences in the
horizon areas between our solutions and the two-centered Klemm-Sabra solutions
which describe the coalescence of two rotating black holes with the spatial
topologies of S^3 into a single rotating black hole with the spatial topology
of S^3.


title:
Track Reconstruction and Performance of DRIFT Directional Dark Matter
  Detectors using Alpha Particles

abstract:
  First results are presented from an analysis of data from the DRIFT-IIa and
DRIFT-IIb directional dark matter detectors at Boulby Mine in which alpha
particle tracks were reconstructed and used to characterise detector
performance--an important step towards optimising directional technology. The
drift velocity in DRIFT-IIa was [59.3 +/- 0.2 (stat) +/- 7.5 (sys)] m/s based
on an analysis of naturally-occurring alpha-emitting background. The drift
velocity in DRIFT-IIb was [57 +/- 1 (stat) +/- 3 (sys)] m/s determined by the
analysis of alpha particle tracks from a Po-210 source. 3D range reconstruction
and energy spectra were used to identify alpha particles from the decay of
Rn-222, Po-218, Rn-220 and Po-216. This study found that (22 +/- 2)% of Po-218
progeny (from Rn-222 decay) are produced with no net charge in 40 Torr CS2. For
Po-216 progeny (from Rn-220 decay) the uncharged fraction is (100 +0 -35)%.


title:
Torsional shear oscillations in the neutron star crust driven by
  restoring force of elastic stresses

abstract:
  We present several exact solutions of the eigenfrequency problem for
torsional shear vibrations in homogeneous and non-homogeneous models of the
neutron star crust governed by canonical equation of solid mechanics with a
restoring force of Hookean elasticity. Particular attention is given to regime
of large lengthscale nodeless axisymmetric differentially rotational
oscillations which are treated in spherical polar coordinates reflecting real
geometry of the neutron star crust. Highlighted is the distinction between
analytic forms and numerical estimates of the frequency, computed as a function
of multipole degree of nodeless torsional oscillations and fractional depth of
the crust, caused by different boundary conditions imposed on the toroidal
field of material displacements. The relevance of considered models to
quasiperiodic oscillations, recently detected during the flare of SGR 1806-20
and SGR 1900+14, is discussed.


title: E_0-dilation of strongly commuting CP_0-semigroups

abstract:
  We prove that every strongly commuting pair of CP_0-semigroups has a minimal
E_0-dilation. This is achieved in two major steps, interesting in themselves:
1: we show that a strongly commuting pair of CP_0-semigroups can be represented
via a two parameter product system representation; 2: we prove that every fully
coisometric product system representation has a fully coisometric, isometric
dilation. In particular, we obtain that every commuting pair of CP_0-semigroups
on B(H), H finite dimensional, has an E_0-dilation.


title: On Excess of the Odious Primes

abstract:
  We give a more strong heuristic justification of our conjecture on the excess
of the odious primes.


title: Continuous Opinion Dynamics under Bounded Confidence: A Survey

abstract:
  Models of continuous opinion dynamics under bounded confidence have been
presented independently by Krause and Hegselmann and by Deffuant et al in 2000.
They have raised a fair amount of attention in the communities of social
simulation, sociophysics and complexity science. The researchers working on it
come from disciplines as physics, mathematics, computer science, social
psychology and philosophy.
  Agents hold continuous opinions which they can gradually adjust if they hear
the opinions of others. The idea of bounded confidence is that agents only
interact if they are close in opinion to each other. Usually, the models are
analyzed with agent-based simulations in a Monte-Carlo style, but they can also
be reformulated on the agent's density in the opinion space in a
master-equation style. This paper is to present the agent-based and
density-based modeling frameworks including the cases of multidimensional
opinions and heterogeneous bounds of confidence; second, to give the
bifurcation diagrams of cluster configuration in the homogeneous model with
uniformly distributed initial opinions; third to review the several extensions
and the evolving phenomena which have been studied so far; and fourth to state
some basic open questions.


title: The two dimensional spin and its resonance fringe

abstract:
  Violation of Bell's Inequalities gives experimental evidence for the
existence of a spin 1/2 which has two simultaneous axes of spin quantization
rather than one. These couple to form a resonance state, called the spin
fringe, and this quantum effect is solely responsible for violation of Bell's
Inequalities within this model. The Bell states can be represented by products
of these spin states and leads to the intuitive concept that as entangled
states decompose they form biparticles that are not entangled. In EPR
coincidence experiments filter settings for both the Bell and CHSH forms of
Bell's Inequalities are rationalized in terms of the correlation between
biparticles.


title:
Spin structure function g_1 at small x and arbitrary $Q^2: Total
  resummaion of leading logarithms vs Standard Approach

abstract:
  The Standard Approach (SA) for description of the structure function g_1
combines the DGLAP evolution equations and Standard Fits for the initial parton
densities. The DGLAP equations describe the region of large Q^2 and large x, so
there are not theoretical grounds to exploit them at small x. In practice,
extrapolation of DGLAP into the region of large Q^2 and small x is done with
complementing DGLAP with special, singular (~x^{-a}) phenomenological fits for
the initial parton densities. The factors x^{-a} are wrongly believed to be of
the non-perturbative origin. Actually, they mimic the resummation of logs of x
and should be expelled from the fits when the resummation is accounted for.
Contrary to SA, the resummaton of logarithms of x is a straightforward and
natural way to describe g_1 in the small-x region. This approach can be used at
both large and small Q^2 where DGLAP cannot be used by definition. Confronting
this approach and SA demonstrates that the singular initial parton densities
and the power Q^2-corrections (or at least a sizable part of them) are rather
not real physical phenomena but the artefacts caused by extrapolating DGLAP
into the small-x region.


title: On the discriminant of elliptic curves with non-trivial torsion

abstract:
  For those elliptic curves defined over the rational with non--trivial torsion
subgroup, we find a tight relationship between the torsion subgroup itself and
a Galois group naturally arising from the curve.


title: Harmonic analysis on local fields and adelic spaces I

abstract:
  We develop a harmonic analysis on objects of some category $C_2$ of
infinite-dimensional filtered vector spaces over a finite field. It includes
two-dimensional local fields and adelic spaces of algebraic surfaces defined
over a finite field. The main result is the theory of the Fourier transform on
these objects and two-dimensional Poisson formulas.


title: The spectral data for Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian tori in R^4

abstract:
  This article determines the spectral data, in the integrable systems sense,
for all weakly conformally immersed Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian in
$\R^4$. This enables us to describe their moduli space and the locus of branch
points of such an immersion. This is also an informative example in integrable
systems geometry, since the group of ambient isometries acts non-trivially on
the spectral data and the relevant energy functional (the area) need not be
constant under deformations by higher flows.


title:
Greybody factors in a rotating black-hole background-II : fermions and
  gauge bosons

abstract:
  We study the emission of fermion and gauge boson degrees of freedom on the
brane by a rotating higher-dimensional black hole. Using matching techniques,
for the near-horizon and far-field regime solutions, we solve analytically the
corresponding field equations of motion. From this, we derive analytical
results for the absorption probabilities and Hawking radiation emission rates,
in the low-energy and low-rotation case, for both species of fields. We produce
plots of these, comparing them to existing exact numerical results with very
good agreement. We also study the total absorption cross-section and
demonstrate that, as in the non-rotating case, it has a different behaviour for
fermions and gauge bosons in the low-energy limit, while it follows a universal
behaviour -- reaching a constant, spin-independent, asymptotic value -- in the
high-energy regime.


title:
Magnetospectroscopy of symmetric and anti-symmetric states in double
  quantum wells

abstract:
  The experimental results obtained for the magneto-transport in the
InGaAs/InAlAs double quantum wells (DQW) structures of two different shapes of
wells are reported. The beating-effect occurred in the Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH)
oscillations was observed for both types of the structures at low temperatures
in the parallel transport when magnetic field was perpendicular to the layers.
An approach to the calculation of the Landau levels energies for DQW structures
was developed and then applied to the analysis and interpretation of the
experimental data related to the beating-effect. We also argue that in order to
account for the observed magneto-transport phenomena (SdH and Integer Quantum
Hall effect), one should introduce two different quasi-Fermi levels
characterizing two electron sub-systems regarding symmetry properties of their
states, symmetric and anti-symmetric ones which are not mixed by
electron-electron interaction.


title: Quantum Monte Carlo results for bipolaron stability in quantum dots

abstract:
  Bipolaron formation in a two-dimensional lattice with harmonic confinement,
representing a simplified model for a quantum dot, is investigated by means of
quantum Monte Carlo simulations. This method treats all interactions exactly
and takes into account quantum lattice fluctuations. Calculations of the
bipolaron binding energy reveal that confinement opposes bipolaron formation
for weak electron-phonon coupling, but abets a bound state at intermediate to
strong coupling. Tuning the system from weak to strong confinement gives rise
to a small reduction of the minimum Frohlich coupling parameter for the
existence of a bound state.


title:
On long-time dynamics for competition-diffusion systems with
  inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions

abstract:
  We consider a two-component competition-diffusion system with equal diffusion
coefficients and inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. When the
interspecific competition parameter tends to infinity, the system solution
converges to that of a freeboundary problem. If all stationary solutions of
this limit problem are non-degenerate and if a certain linear combination of
the boundary data does not identically vanish, then for sufficiently large
interspecific competition, all non-negative solutions of the
competition-diffusion system converge to stationary states as time tends to
infinity. Such dynamics are much simpler than those found for the corresponding
system with either homogeneous Neumann or homogeneous Dirichlet boundary
conditions.


title: A note on the Hayman-Wu theorem

abstract:
  The Hayman-Wu theorem states that the preimage of a line or circle L under a
conformal mapping from the unit disc to a simply-connected domain U has total
Euclidean length bounded by an absolute constant. The best possible constant is
known to lie in the interval [pi^2, 4 pi), thanks to work of {\O}yma and Rohde.
Earlier, Brown Flinn showed that the total length is at most pi^2 in the
special case in which U contains L. Let r be the anti-M\"obius map that fixes L
pointwise. In this note we extend the sharp bound pi^2 to the case where each
connected component of the intersection of U with r(U) is bounded by one arc of
U and its image under r. We also strengthen the bounds slightly by replacing
Euclidean length with the strictly larger spherical length restricted to the
unit disc.


title:
Pyroelectric Effect Induced by the Built-in Field in the p-n Junction of
  the Quantum Paraelectric PbTe: Experimental Study

abstract:
  We report here the first observation of a pyroelectric effect in a non-polar
semiconductor. This effect originates in the temperature dependent electric
dipole of the p-n junction. The junction was illuminated by a chopped CO2 laser
beam, and periodic and single-pulse pyroelectric signals were observed and
measured as a function of temperature, reverse bias voltage and chopper
frequency. The measured pyroelectric coefficient is about 10^(-3) microC/cm2K
in the region of 40-80 K. The theoretical model describes quantitatively all
experimental features. The time evolution of the temperature inside the
junction region was reconstructed.


title: The Poisson Kernel for Hardy Algebras

abstract:
  This note contributes to a circle of ideas that we have been developing
recently in which we view certain abstract operator algebras $H^{\infty}(E)$,
which we call Hardy algebras, and which are noncommutative generalizations of
classical $H^{\infty}$, as spaces of functions defined on their spaces of
representations. We define a generalization of the Poisson kernel, which
``reproduces'' the values, on $\mathbb{D}((E^{\sigma})^*)$, of the
``functions'' coming from $H^{\infty}(E)$. We present results that are natural
generalizations of the Poisson integral formuala. They also are easily seen to
be generalizations of formulas that Popescu developed. We relate our Poisson
kernel to the idea of a characteristic operator function and show how the
Poisson kernel identifies the ``model space'' for the canonical model that can
be attached to a point in the disc $\mathbb{D}((E^{\sigma})^*)$. We also
connect our Poission kernel to various "point evaluations" and to the idea of
curvature.


title:
On the Rayleigh theorem for inflectional velocity instability of
  inviscid flows

abstract:
  It is exactly proved that the classical Rayleigh Theorem on inflectional
velocity instability is wrong which states that the necessary condition for
instability of inviscid flow is the existence of an inflection point on the
velocity profile. It is shown that the disturbance amplified in 2D inviscid
flows is necessarily 3D. After the break down of T-S wave in 2D parallel flows,
the disturbance becomes a type of spiral waves which proceed along the
streamwise direction. This is just the origin of formation of streamwise
vortices.


title:
M{\o}ller Energy-Momentum Complex in General Relativity for Higher
  Dimensional Universes

abstract:
  This submission has been withdrawn by arXiv administrators due to
inappropriate text reuse from external sources


title:
Atomistic Study of the Encapsulation of Diamondoids Inside Carbon
  Nanotubes

abstract:
  The encapsulation of hydrogen-terminated nanosized diamond fragments (the
so-called diamondoids) into armchair single walled carbon nanotubes with
diameters in the range of 1.0 up to 2.2 nm has been investigated using
classical molecular dynamics simulations. Diameter dependent molecular ordered
phases were found for the encapsulation of adamantane (C10H16), diamantane
(C14H20), and dihydroxy diamantane (C14H20O2). The same types of chiral ordered
phases (double, triple, 4- and 5-stranded helices) observed for the
encapsulation of C60 molecules were also observed for diamondoids. On the other
hand, some achiral phases comprising layered structures were not observed. Our
results also indicate that the modification of diamantane through
functionalization with hydroxyl groups can lead to an enhancement of the
packing of molecules inside the nanotubes compared to nonfunctionalized
compounds. Comparisons to hard-sphere models are also presented revealing
differences, specially when more asymmetrical diamondoids are considered. For
larger structures (adamantane tetramers) we have not observed long-range
ordering for nanotubes with diameters in the range of 1.49 to 2.17 nm but only
a tendency to form incomplete helical structures.


title:
Angular Broadening of Intraday Variable AGN. II. Interstellar and
  Intergalactic Scattering

abstract:
  We analyze a sample of 58 multi-wavelength, Very Long Baseline Array
observations of active galactic nuclei (AGN) to determine their scattering
properties. Approximately 75% of the sample consists of AGN that exhibit
centimeter-wavelength intraday variability (interstellar scintillation) while
the other 25% do not show intraday variability. We find that interstellar
scattering is measurable for most of these AGN, and the typical broadening
diameter is 2 mas at 1 GHz. We find that the scintillating AGN are typically at
lower Galactic latitudes than the non-scintillating AGN, consistent with the
scenario that intraday variability is a propagation effect from the Galactic
interstellar medium. The magnitude of the inferred interstellar broadening
measured toward the scintillating AGN, when scaled to higher frequencies, is
comparable to the diameters inferred from analyses of the light curves for the
more well-known intraday variable sources. However, we find no difference in
the amount of scattering measured toward the scintillating versus
non-scintillating AGN. A consistent picture is one in which the scintillation
results from localized regions ("clumps") distributed throughout the Galactic
disk, but which individually make little contribution to the angular
broadening. Of the 58 AGN observed, 37 (64%) have measured redshifts. At best,
a marginal trend is found for scintillating (non-scintillating) AGN to have
smaller (larger) angular diameters at higher redshifts. We also use our
observations to try to constrain the possibility of intergalactic scattering.
While broadly consistent with the scenario of a highly turbulent intergalactic
medium, our observations do not place significant constraints on its
properties.


title:
Variational formulation of the motion of an ideal fluid on the basis of
  gauge principle

abstract:
  On the basis of gauge principle in the field theory, a new variational
formulation is presented for flows of an ideal fluid. The fluid is defined
thermodynamically by mass density and entropy density, and its flow fields are
characterized by symmetries of translation and rotation. A structure of
rotation symmetry is equipped with a Lagrangian $\Lambda_A$ including
vorticity, in addition to Lagrangians of translation symmetry. From the action
principle, Euler's equation of motion is derived. In addition, the equations of
continuity and entropy are derived from the variations. Equations of conserved
currents are deduced as the Noether theorem in the space of Lagrangian
coordinate $\ba$. It is shown that, with the translation symmetry alone, there
is freedom in the transformation between the Lagrangian $\ba$-space and
Eulerian $\bx$-space. The Lagrangian $\Lambda_A$ provides non-trivial topology
of vorticity field and yields a source term of the helicity. The vorticity
equation is derived as an equation of the gauge field. Present formulation
provides a basis on which the transformation between the $\ba$ space and the
$\bx$ space is determined uniquely.


title: A classification of entanglement in three-qubit systems

abstract:
  We present a classification of three-qubit states based in their three-qubit
and reduced two-qubit entanglements. For pure states these criteria can be
easily implemented, and the different types can be related with sets of
equivalence classes under Local Unitary operations. For mixed states
characterization of full tripartite entanglement is not yet solved in general;
some partial results will be presented here.


title:
Calculation of the metric in the Hilbert space of a PT-symmetric model
  via the spectral theorem

abstract:
  In a previous paper (arXiv:math-ph/0604055) we introduced a very simple
PT-symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonian with real spectrum and derived a closed
formula for the metric operator relating the problem to a Hermitian one. In
this note we propose an alternative formula for the metric operator, which we
believe is more elegant and whose construction -- based on a backward use of
the spectral theorem for self-adjoint operators -- provides new insights into
the nature of the model.


title: Magnetic reconnection at the termination shock in a striped pulsar wind

abstract:
  Most of the rotational luminosity of a pulsar is carried away by a
relativistic magnetised wind in which the matter energy flux is negligible
compared to the Poynting flux. Near the equatorial plane of an obliquely
rotating pulsar magnetosphere, the magnetic field reverses polarity with the
pulsar period, forming a wind with oppositely directed field lines. This
structure is called a striped wind; dissipation of alternating fields in the
striped wind is the object of our study.
  The aim of this paper is to study the conditions required for magnetic energy
release at the termination shock of the striped pulsar wind. Magnetic
reconnection is considered via analytical methods and 1D relativistic PIC
simulations.
  An analytical condition on the upstream parameters for partial and full
magnetic reconnection is derived from the conservation laws of energy, momentum
and particle number density across the relativistic shock. Furthermore, by
using a 1D relativistic PIC code, we study in detail the reconnection process
at the termination shock.
  We found a very simple criterion for dissipation of alternating fields at the
termination shock, depending on the upstream parameters of the flow. 1D
relativistic PIC simulations are in agreement with our criterion.
  Thus, alternating magnetic fields annihilate easily at relativistic highly
magnetised shocks.


title:
A Photometrically Detected Forming Cluster of Galaxies at Redshift 1.6
  in the GOODS Field

abstract:
  We report the discovery of a localized overdensity at z~1.6 in the
GOODS-South Field, presumably a poor cluster in the process of formation. The
three-dimensional galaxy density has been estimated on the basis of well
calibrated photometric redshifts from the multiband photometric GOODS-MUSIC
catalog using the (2+1)D technique. The density peak is embedded in the larger
scale overdensity of galaxies known to exist at z=1.61 in the area. The
properties of the member galaxies are compared to those of the surrounding
field and we found that the two populations are significantly different
supporting the reality of the structure. The reddest galaxies, once evolved
according to their best fit models, have colors consistent with the red
sequence of lower redshift clusters. The estimated M_200 total mass of the
cluster is in the range 1.3 x 10^14 - 5.7x 10^14 Msun, depending on the assumed
bias factor b. An upper limit for the 2-10 keV X-ray luminosity, based on the
1Ms Chandra observations, is L_X=0.5 x 10^43 erg s^-1, suggesting that the
cluster has not yet reached the virial equilibrium.


title: Recent developments in heavy flavour production

abstract:
  We review one-particle inclusive production of heavy-flavoured hadrons in a
framework which resums the large collinear logarithms through the evolution of
the FFs and PDFs and retains the full dependence on the heavy-quark mass
without additional theoretical assumptions. We focus on presenting results for
the inclusive cross section for the production of charmed mesons in p anti-p
collisions and the comparison with CDF data from the Tevatron as well as on
inclusive B-meson production and comparison with recent CDF data. The third
topic is the production of D^* mesons in photoproduction and comparison with
recent H1 data from HERA.


title:
Instabilities for supercritical Schr\"odinger equations in analytic
  manifolds

abstract:
  In this paper we consider supercritical nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations in
an analytic Riemannian manifold $(M^d,g)$, where the metric $g$ is analytic.
Using an analytic WKB method, we are able to construct an Ansatz for the
semiclassical equation for times independent of the small parameter. These
approximate solutions will help to show two different types of instabilities.
The first is in the energy space, and the second is an immediate loss of
regularity in higher Sobolev norms.


title: A new approach to the giant component problem

abstract:
  We study the largest component of a random (multi)graph on n vertices with a
given degree sequence. We let n tend to infinity. Then, under some regularity
conditions on the degree sequences, we give conditions on the asymptotic shape
of the degree sequence that imply that with high probability all the components
are small, and other conditions that imply that with high probability there is
a giant component and the sizes of its vertex and edge sets satisfy a law of
large numbers; under suitable assumptions these are the only two possibilities.
In particular, we recover the results by Molloy and Reed on the size of the
largest component in a random graph with a given degree sequence.
  We further obtain a new sharp result for the giant component just above the
threshold, generalizing the case of G(n,p) with np=1+omega(n)n^{-1/3}, where
omega(n) tends to infinity arbitrarily slowly.
  Our method is based on the properties of empirical distributions of
independent random variables, and leads to simple proofs.


title: Canonical connections on paracontact manifolds

abstract:
  The canonical paracontact connection is defined and it is shown that its
torsion is the obstruction the paracontact manifold to be paraSasakian. A
$\mathcal{D}$-homothetic transformation is determined as a special gauge
transformation. The $\eta$-Einstein manifold are defined, it is prove that
their scalar curvature is a constant and it is shown that in the paraSasakian
case these spaces can be obtained from Einstein paraSasakian manifolds with a
$\mathcal{D}$-homothetic transformations. It is shown that an almost
paracontact structure admits a connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion
if and only if the Nijenhuis tensor of the paracontact structure is
skew-symmetric and the defining vector field is Killing.


title:
Searching for the Critical Point of QCD: Theoretical Benchmark
  Calculations

abstract:
  We present a comprehensive study of event-by-event multiplicity fluctuations
in nucleon-nucleon and nucleus-nucleus interactions from AGS/FAIR to RHIC
energies within the UrQMD transport approach. The scaled variances of negative,
positive, and all charged hadrons are analysed. The scaled variance in central
Pb+Pb collisions increases with energy and behaves similar to inelastic p+p
interactions. We find a non-trivial dependence of multiplicity fluctuations on
the rapidity and transverse momentum interval used for the analysis and on the
centrality selection procedure. Quantitative predictions for the NA49
experiment are given, taking into account the acceptance of the detector and
the selection procedure of central events.


title: ChPT Progress on Non-Leptonic and Radiative Kaon Decays

abstract:
  I discuss recent developments on non-leptonic and radiative kaon decays
mainly related to direct CP-violation within the combined ChPT and 1/N_c
expansion approaches. In particular, I review the status of K -> pi pi,
epsilon_K', direct CP-violating K+ -> 3 pi Dalitz plot slope g and decay rate
asymmetries, and the Standard Model prediction for Br(K_L -> pi0 e+ e-).


title: A note on the radial solutions for the supercritical Henon equation

abstract:
  We prove the existence of a positive radial solution for the H\'enon equation
with arbitrary growth. The solution is found by means of a shooting method and
turns out to be an increasing function of the radial variable. Some numerical
experiments suggest the existence of many positive oscillating solutions.


title:
Bistability in superconducting rings containing an inhomogeneous
  Josephson junction

abstract:
  We investigate the magnetic response of a superconducting Nb ring containing
a ferromagnetic PdNi Josephson junction and a tunnel junction in parallel. A
doubling of the switching frequency is observed within certain intervals of the
external magnetic field. Assuming sinusoidal current-phase relations of both
junctions our model of a dc-SQUID embedded within a superconducting ring
explains this feature by a sequence of current reversals in the ferromagnetic
section of the junction in these field intervals. The switching anomalies are
induced by the coupling between the magnetic fluxes in the two superconducting
loops.


title: Evolution of low-mass star and brown dwarf eclipsing binaries

abstract:
  We examine the evolution of low-mass star and brown dwarf eclipsing binaries.
These objects are rapid rotators and are believed to shelter large magnetic
fields. We suggest that reduced convective efficiency, due to fast rotation and
large field strengths, and/or to magnetic spot coverage of the radiating
surface significantly affect their evolution, leading to a reduced heat flux
and thus larger radii and cooler effective temperatures than for regular
objects. We have considered such processes in our evolutionary calculations,
using a phenomenological approach. This yields mass-radius and effective
temperature-radius relationships in agreement with the observations. We also
reproduce the effective temperature ratio and the radii of the two components
of the recently discovered puzzling eclipsing brown dwarf system. These
calculations show that fast rotation and/or magnetic activity may significantly
affect the evolution of eclipsing binaries and that the mechanical and thermal
properties of these objects depart from the ones of non-active low-mass
objects. We find that, for internal field strengths compatible with the
observed surface value of a few kiloGauss, convection can be severely
inhibited. The onset of a central radiative zone for rapidly rotating active
low-mass stars might thus occur below the usual $\sim 0.35 \msol$ limit.


title: Near-UV Merger Signatures in Early-Type Galaxies

abstract:
  Hierarchical assembly of early-type galaxies (Es and S0s) over an extended
period of time will result in mixed-generation stellar populations. Here we
look for signatures of composite populations in broad-band, near-ultraviolet
(2500-3400 A), high-resolution HST imaging of the cores of 12 bright early-type
galaxies without obvious dust or active galactic nuclei. Near-UV imaging is a
sensitive probe for the detection of younger components with ages in the range
of 10 Myr to 5 Gyr. Only two galaxies have central colors (r < 0.75 r_eff) that
are consistent with a single-generation population. The other ten require a
composite population.


title:
Scaling study of the pion electroproduction cross sections and the pion
  form factor

abstract:
  The $^{1}$H($e,e^\prime \pi^+$)n cross section was measured for a range of
four-momentum transfer up to $Q^2$=3.91 GeV$^2$ at values of the invariant
mass, $W$, above the resonance region. The $Q^2$-dependence of the longitudinal
component is consistent with the $Q^2$-scaling prediction for hard exclusive
processes. This suggests that perturbative QCD concepts are applicable at
rather low values of $Q^2$. Pion form factor results, while consistent with the
$Q^2$-scaling prediction, are inconsistent in magnitude with perturbative QCD
calculations. The extraction of Generalized Parton Distributions from hard
exclusive processes assumes the dominance of the longitudinal term. However,
transverse contributions to the cross section are still significant at
$Q^2$=3.91 GeV$^2$.


title: Stochastic analysis and simulation of spin star systems

abstract:
  We discuss two methods of an exact stochastic representation of the
non-Markovian quantum dynamics of open systems. The first method employs a pair
of stochastic product vectors in the total system's state space, while the
second method uses a pair of state vectors in the open system's state space and
a random operator acting on the state space of the environment. Both techniques
lead to an exact solution of the von Neumann equation for the density matrix of
the total system. Employing a spin star model describing a central spin coupled
to bath of surrounding spins, we perform Monte Carlo simulations for both
variants of the stochastic dynamics. In addition, we derive analytical
expression for the expectation values of the stochastic dynamics to obtain the
exact solution for the density matrix of the central spin.


title:
Donor binding energy and thermally activated persistent
  photoconductivity in high mobility (001) AlAs quantum wells

abstract:
  A doping series of AlAs (001) quantum wells with Si delta-modulation doping
on both sides reveals different dark and post-illumination saturation
densities, as well as temperature dependent photoconductivity. The lower dark
two-dimensional electron density saturation is explained assuming deep binding
energy of Delta_DK = 65.2 meV for Si-donors in the dark. Persistent
photoconductivity (PPC) is observed upon illumination, with higher saturation
density indicating shallow post-illumination donor binding energy. The
photoconductivity is thermally activated, with 4 K illumination requiring
post-illumination annealing to T = 30 K to saturate the PPC. Dark and
post-illumination doping efficiencies are reported.


title: Possible Measurable Effects of Dark Energy in Rotating Superconductors

abstract:
  We discuss recent laboratory experiments with rotating superconductors and
show that three so far unexplained experimentally observed effects (anomalous
acceleration signals, anomalous gyroscope signals, Cooper pair mass excess) can
be physically explained in terms of a possible interaction of dark energy with
Cooper pairs. Our approach is based on a Ginzburg-Landau-like model of
electromagnetic dark energy, where gravitationally active photons obtain mass
in the superconductor. We show that this model can account simultaneously for
the anomalous acceleration and anomalous gravitomagnetic fields around rotating
superconductors measured by Tajmar et al. and for the anomalous Cooper pair
mass in superconductive Niobium, measured by Cabrera and Tate. It is argued
that these three different physical effects are ultimately different
experimental manifestations of the simultaneous spontaneous breaking of gauge
invariance, and of the principle of general covariance in superconductive
materials.


title: Density-PDFs and Lagrangian Statistics of highly compressible Turbulence

abstract:
  We report on probability-density-functions (PDF) of the mass density in
numerical simulations of highly compressible hydrodynamic flows and the
corresponding structure formation of Lagrangian particles advected by the
flows. Numerical simulations were performed with $512^3$ collocation points and
2 million tracer particles integrated over several dynamical times. We propose
a connection between the PDF of the Lagrangian tracer particles and the
predicted log-normal distribution of the density fluctuations in isothermal
systems.


title:
Open string with a background B-field as the first order mechanics,
  noncommutativity and soldering formalism

abstract:
  To study noncommutativity properties of the open string with constant B-field
we construct a mechanical action which reproduces classical dynamics of the
string sector under consideration. It allows one to apply the Dirac
quantization procedure for constrained systems in a direct and unambiguous way.
The mechanical action turns out to be the first order system without taking the
strong field limit $B\longrightarrow\infty$. In particular, it is true for zero
mode of the string coordinate which means that the noncommutativity is
intrinsic property of this mechanical system. We describe the arbitrariness in
the relation existent between the mechanical and the string variables and show
that noncommutativity of the string variables on the boundary can be removed.
It is in correspondence with the result of Seiberg and Witten on relation among
noncommutative and ordinary Yang-Mills theories. The recently developed
soldering formalism helps us to establish a connection between the original
open string action and the Polyakov action.


title:
On the elastic moduli of three-dimensional assemblies of spheres:
  characterization and modeling of fluctuations in the particle displacement
  and rotation

abstract:
  The elastic moduli of four numerical random isotropic packings of Hertzian
spheres are studied. The four samples are assembled with different preparation
procedures, two of which aim to reproduce experimental compaction by vibration
and lubrication. The mechanical properties of the samples are found to change
with the preparation history, and to depend much more on coordination number
than on density.
  Secondly, the fluctuations in the particle displacements from the average
strain are analysed, and the way they affect the macroscopic behavior analyzed.
It is found that only the average over equally oriented contacts of the
relative displacement these fluctuations induce is relevant at the macroscopic
scale. This average depends on coordination number, average geometry of the
contact network and average contact stiffness. As far as the separate
contributions from particle displacements and rotations are concerned, the
former is found to counteract the average strain along the contact normal,
while the latter do in the tangential plane. Conversely, the tangential
components of the center displacements mainly arise to enforce local
equilibrium, and have a small, and generally stiffening effect at the
macro-scale.
  Finally, the fluctuations and the shear modulus that result from two
approaches available in the literature are estimated numerically. These
approaches are both based on the equilibrium of a small-sized representative
assembly. The improvement of these estimate with respect to the average strain
assumption indicates that the fluctuations relevant to the macroscopic behavior
occur with short correlation length.


title: Equations for Chow and Hilbert Quotients

abstract:
  We give explicit equations for the Chow and Hilbert quotients of a projective
scheme X by the action of an algebraic torus T in an auxiliary toric variety.
As a consequence we provide GIT descriptions of these canonical quotients, and
obtain other GIT quotients of X by variation of GIT quotient. We apply these
results to find equations for the moduli space \bar{M}_{0,n} of stable genus
zero n-pointed curves as a subvariety of a smooth toric variety defined via
tropical methods.


title:
On the solutions of the dKP equation: nonlinear Riemann Hilbert problem,
  longtime behaviour, implicit solutions and wave breaking

abstract:
  We make use of the nonlinear Riemann Hilbert problem of the dispersionless
Kadomtsev Petviashvili equation, i) to construct the longtime behaviour of the
solutions of its Cauchy problem; ii) to characterize a class of implicit
solutions; iii) to elucidate the spectral mechanism causing the gradient
catastrophe of localized solutions, at finite time as well as in the longtime
regime, and the corresponding universal behaviours near breaking.