title: High-Order Nonparametric Belief-Propagation for Fast Image Inpainting

abstract:
  In this paper, we use belief-propagation techniques to develop fast
algorithms for image inpainting. Unlike traditional gradient-based approaches,
which may require many iterations to converge, our techniques achieve
competitive results after only a few iterations. On the other hand, while
belief-propagation techniques are often unable to deal with high-order models
due to the explosion in the size of messages, we avoid this problem by
approximating our high-order prior model using a Gaussian mixture. By using
such an approximation, we are able to inpaint images quickly while at the same
time retaining good visual results.


title: Theoretical Engineering and Satellite Comlink of a PTVD-SHAM System

abstract:
  This paper focuses on super helical memory system's design, 'Engineering,
Architectural and Satellite Communications' as a theoretical approach of an
invention-model to 'store time-data'. The current release entails three
concepts: 1- an in-depth theoretical physics engineering of the chip including
its, 2- architectural concept based on VLSI methods, and 3- the time-data
versus data-time algorithm. The 'Parallel Time Varying & Data Super-helical
Access Memory' (PTVD-SHAM), possesses a waterfall effect in its architecture
dealing with the process of voltage output-switch into diverse logic and
quantum states described as 'Boolean logic & image-logic', respectively.
Quantum dot computational methods are explained by utilizing coiled carbon
nanotubes (CCNTs) and CNT field effect transistors (CNFETs) in the chip's
architecture. Quantum confinement, categorized quantum well substrate, and
B-field flux involvements are discussed in theory. Multi-access of coherent
sequences of 'qubit addressing' in any magnitude, gained as pre-defined, here
e.g., the 'big O notation' asymptotically confined into singularity while
possessing a magnitude of 'infinity' for the orientation of array displacement.
Gaussian curvature of k<0 versus k'>(k<0) is debated in aim of specifying the
2D electron gas characteristics, data storage system for defining short and
long time cycles for different CCNT diameters where space-time continuum is
folded by chance for the particle. Precise pre/post data timing for, e.g.,
seismic waves before earthquake mantle-reach event occurrence, including time
varying self-clocking devices in diverse geographic locations for radar systems
is illustrated in the Subsections of the paper. The theoretical fabrication
process, electromigration between chip's components is discussed as well.


title:
On-shell renormalisation constants including two different nonzero
  masses

abstract:
  We present results for the effect of a second massive quark in the relation
between the pole and the minimal subtracted quark mass at the three loop level.
We also consider the analogous effect for the wave function renormalisation
constant. Some technical details of the calculation are given. Our result is
phenomenologically relevant for the bottom quark including virtual charm
effects.


title: Suppression of electron spin relaxation in Mn-doped GaAs

abstract:
  We report a surprisingly long spin relaxation time of electrons in Mn-doped
p-GaAs. The spin relaxation time scales with the optical pumping and increases
from 12 ns in the dark to 160 ns upon saturation. This behavior is associated
with the difference in spin relaxation rates of electrons precessing in the
fluctuating fields of ionized or neutral Mn acceptors, respectively. For the
latter the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between a Mn ion and a bound
hole results in a partial compensation of these fluctuating fields, leading to
the enhanced spin memory.


title:
Spectroscopic measurements of dynamic fibrils in the Ca {\small{II}}
  8662 {\AA} line

abstract:
  We present high spatial resolution spectroscopic measurements of dynamic
fibrils (DFs) in the Ca {\small{II}} 8662 {\AA} line. These data show clear
Doppler shifts in the identified DFs, which demonstrates that at least a subset
of DFs are actual mass motions in the chromosphere. A statistical analysis of
26 DFs reveals a strong and statistically significant correlation between the
maximal velocity and the deceleration. The range of the velocities and the
decelerations are substantially lower, about a factor two, in our spectroscopic
observations compared to the earlier results based on proper motion in narrow
band images. There are fundamental differences in the different observational
methods; when DFs are observed spectroscopically the measured Doppler shifts
are a result of the atmospheric velocity, weighted with the response function
to velocity over an extended height. When the proper motion of DFs is observed
in narrow band images, the movement of the top of the DF is observed. This
point is sharply defined because of the high contrast between the DF and the
surroundings. The observational differences between the two methods are
examined by several numerical experiments using both numerical simulations and
a time series of narrow band H$\alpha$ images. With basis in the simulations we
conclude that the lower maximal velocity is explained by the low formation
height of the Ca IR line. We conclude that the present observations support the
earlier result that DFs are driven by magneto-acoustic shocks exited by
convective flows and p-modes.


title: Searches for the Higgs Boson and Supersymmetry at the Tevatron

abstract:
  The D0 and CDF experiments at the proton-antiproton collider Tevatron have
extensively searched for the Higgs boson and signals of supersymmetry using a
wide range of signatures. The status of these searches is reviewed with a focus
on recent measurements.


title:
Strong-to-weak-coupling duality in the nonequilibrium interacting
  resonant-level model

abstract:
  A strong-to-weak-coupling duality is established for the nonequilibrium
interacting resonant-level model, describing tunneling through a single
spinless level, capacitively coupled to two leads by a contact interaction. For
large capacitive coupling, U, and in the presence of a finite voltage bias, the
model maps onto an equivalent model with a small capacitive coupling \rho U'
\sim 1/ \rho U. Here \rho is the conduction-electron density of states. This
duality is generic to all high-energy cutoff schemes, however its details may
vary from one regularization scheme to another. In particular, it has the
status of an exact mapping within Abelian bosonization, applicable to all
repulsive interactions whether weak, intermediate or strong. On a lattice the
mapping is restricted to large U, and is controlled by the small parameter
1/\rho U. Explicit expressions are given for the low-energy scale, differential
conductance, and occupancy of the level in the limit where U is large.


title:
Electron-phonon coupling and longitudinal mechanical-mode cooling in a
  metallic nanowire

abstract:
  We investigate electron-phonon coupling in a narrow suspended metallic wire,
in which the phonon modes are restricted to one dimension but the electrons
behave three-dimensionally. Explicit theoretical results related to the known
bulk properties are derived. We find out that longitudinal vibration modes can
be cooled by electronic tunnel refrigeration far below the bath temperature
provided the mechanical quality factors of the modes are sufficiently high. The
obtained results apply to feasible experimental configurations.


title: nu-Process Nucleosynthesis in Population III Core-Collapse Supernovae

abstract:
  We investigate the effects of neutrino-nucleus interactions (the nu-process)
on the production of iron-peak elements in Population III core-collapse
supernovae. The nu-process and the following proton and neutron capture
reactions produce odd-Z iron-peak elements in complete and incomplete Si
burning region. This reaction sequence enhances the abundances of Sc, Mn, and
Co in the supernova ejecta. The supernova explosion models of 15 M_sol and 25
M_sol stars with the nu-process well reproduce the averaged Mn/Fe ratio
observed in extremely metal-poor halo stars. In order to reproduce the observed
Mn/Fe ratio, the total neutrino energy in the supernovae should be 3 - 9 x
10^{53} ergs. Stronger neutrino irradiation and other production sites are
necessary to reproduce the observed Sc/Fe and Co/Fe ratios, although these
ratios increase by the nu-process.


title:
Expected discovery potential and sensitivity of the ANTARES neutrino
  telescope to neutrino point-like sources

abstract:
  The ANTARES telescope is being built in the Mediterranean Sea. The detector
consists of a 3D array of photomultipliers (PMTs) that detects the Cherenkov
light induced by the muons produced in neutrino interactions. Other signatures
can also be detected. Since the neutrino fluxes from point-like sources are
expected to be small, it is of the utmost importance to take advantage of the
ANTARES pointing accuracy (angular resolution better than 0.3 degrees for muon
events above 10 TeV) to disentangle a possible signal from the unavoidable
atmospheric neutrino background. In order to distinguish an excess of neutrino
events from the background, several searching algorithms have been developed
within the ANTARES collaboration. In this contribution, the discovery potential
and sensitivity to point-like sources of the ANTARES neutrino telescope are
presented.


title:
Crystal graphs for general linear Lie superalgebras and quasi-symmetric
  functions

abstract:
  We give a new representation theoretic interpretation of the ring of
quasi-symmetric functions. This is obtained by showing that the super analogue
of the Gessel's fundamental quasi-symmetric function can be realized as the
character of an irreducible crystal for the Lie superalgebra $\frak{gl}_{n|n}$
associated to its non-standard Borel subalgebra with a maximal number of odd
isotropic simple roots. We also present an algebraic characterization of these
super quasi-symmetric functions.


title:
Generalized plasma-like permittivity and thermal Casimir force between
  real metals

abstract:
  The physical reasons why the Drude dielectric function is not compatible with
the Lifshitz formula, as opposed to the generalized plasma-like permittivity,
are presented. Essentially, the problem is connected with the finite size of
metal plates. It is shown that the Lifshitz theory combined with the
generalized plasma-like permittivity is thermodynamically consistent.


title: Searches for Leptoquark Production at D0

abstract:
  Recent searches for leptoquark production in proton-antiproton collisions at
sqrt(s)=1.96TeV are presented using data samples with integrated luminosities
up to 1fb^(-1) recorded with the D0 detector.


title: Charmonium spectrum including higher spin and exotic states

abstract:
  We study the charmonium spectrum including higher spin and exotic states. We
use the Sheikholeslami-Wilson (clover) action for $N_f=2$ sea quarks as well as
for the charm valence quark. In order to access excited states we apply a
variational method with a basis of highly optimized operators.


title: Gas Density and the Volume Schmidt Law for Spiral Galaxies

abstract:
  The thickness of the equilibrium isothermal gaseous layers and their volume
densities \rho_{gas}(R) in the disc midplane are calculated for 7 spiral
galaxies (including our Galaxy) in the frame of self-consistent axisymmetric
model. Local velocity dispersions of stellar discs were assumed to be close to
marginal values necessary for the discs to be in a stable equilibrium state.
Under this condition the stellar discs of at least 5 of 7 galaxies reveal a
flaring. Their volume densities decrease with R faster than \rho_{gas}, and, as
a result, the gas dominates by the density at the disc periphery. Comparison of
the azimuthally averaged star formation rate SFR with the gas density shows
that there is no universal Schmidt law SFR \rho_{gas}^n, common to all
galaxies. Nevertheless, SFR in different galaxies reveals better correlation
with the volume gas density than with the column one. Parameter n in the
Schmidt law SFR \rho_{gas}^n, formally calculated by the least square method,
lies within 0.8-2.4 range and it's mean value is close to 1.5. Values of n
calculated for molecular gas only are characterized by large dispersion, but
their mean value is close to 1. Hence the smaller \rho_{gas} the less is a
fraction of gas actively taking part in the process of star formation.


title:
Next to leading order gravitational wave emission and dynamical
  evolution of compact binary systems with spin

abstract:
  Compact binary systems with spinning components are considered. Finite size
effects due to rotational deformation are taken into account. The dynamical
evolution and next to leading order gravitational wave forms are calculated,
taking into account the orbital motion up to the first post-Newtonian
approximation.


title: On-line recognition of supernova neutrino bursts in the LVD detector

abstract:
  In this paper we show the capabilities of the Large Volume Detector (INFN
Gran Sasso National Laboratory) to identify a neutrino burst associated to a
supernova explosion, in the absence of an "external trigger", e.g., an optical
observation. We describe how the detector trigger and event selection have been
optimized for this purpose, and we detail the algorithm used for the on-line
burst recognition. The on-line sensitivity of the detector is defined and
discussed in terms of supernova distance and electron anti-neutrino intensity
at the source.


title: Higher order group cohomology and the Eichler-Shimura map

abstract:
  Higher order group cohomology is defined and first properties are given.
Using modular symbols, an Eichler-Shimura homomorphism is constructed mapping
spaces of higher order cusp forms to higher order cohomology groups.


title: Chain models on Hecke algebra for corner type representations

abstract:
  We consider the integrable open chain models formulated in terms of
generators of the Hecke algebra. The spectrum of the Hamiltonians for the open
Hecke chains of finite size with free boundary conditions is deduced for
special (corner type) irreducible representations of the Hecke algebra.


title:
Incomplete Lineage Sorting: Consistent Phylogeny Estimation From
  Multiple Loci

abstract:
  We introduce a simple algorithm for reconstructing phylogenies from multiple
gene trees in the presence of incomplete lineage sorting, that is, when the
topology of the gene trees may differ from that of the species tree. We show
that our technique is statistically consistent under standard stochastic
assumptions, that is, it returns the correct tree given sufficiently many
unlinked loci. We also show that it can tolerate moderate estimation errors.

categories: q-bio.PE cs.CE cs.DS math.PR math.ST stat.TH


title:
Enhancement of equilibrium fraction by heterogeneous nucleation in a
  "phase separated" half-doped manganite

abstract:
  Glass-like arrest of kinetics has been observed across many magnetic
first-order transitions. By traversing the two control variable H-T space,
tunable coexisting fractions of arrested and equilibrium phases have been
observed. We report here a fortuitous situation in a half-doped manganite
sample, where these features occur by varying only temperature (T) along the
H=0 line. The resistivity at 5 K rises by more than a factor of three provided
second cool-down is effected from a specified intermediate T. This significant
enhancement results from heterogeneous nucleation during second cool-down of
regions that were kinetically arrested during first cool-down.


title: Baryon currents in the C-broken phase of QCD

abstract:
  In a space with some sufficiently small compact dimension (with non-trivial
cycles) and with periodic boundary conditions for the fermions, the charge
conjugation (C), spatial parity (P), time reversal (T) and CPT symmetries are
spontaneously broken in QCD. We have investigated what are the physical
consequences of the breaking of these discrete symmetries, that is what local
observables can be used to detect it. We show that the breaking induces the
generation of baryon currents, propagating along the compact dimensions.


title:
Two permanents in the universal enveloping algebras of the symplectic
  Lie algebras

abstract:
  This paper presents new generators for the center of the universal enveloping
algebra of the symplectic Lie algebra. These generators are expressed in terms
of the column-permanent, and it is easy to calculate their eigenvalues on
irreducible representations. We can regard these generators as the counterpart
of central elements of the universal enveloping algebra of the orthogonal Lie
algebra given in terms of the column-determinant by A. Wachi. The earliest
prototype of all these central elements is the Capelli determinants in the
universal enveloping algebra of the general linear Lie algebra.


title: Graph model of the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra

abstract:
  We consider an algebraic formulation of Quantum Theory and develop a
combinatorial model of the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra structure. It is shown that
by lifting this structure to the richer algebra of graph operator calculus, we
gain a simple interpretation involving, for example, the natural composition of
graphs. This provides a deeper insight into the algebraic structure of Quantum
Theory and sheds light on the intrinsic combinatorial underpinning of its
abstract formalism.


title: Uniqueness of real closure * of Baer regular rings

abstract:
  It was pointed out in my last paper that there are rings whose real closure *
are not unique. In [4] we also discussed some example of rings by which there
is a unique real closure * (mainly the real closed rings). Now we want to
determine more classes of rings by which real closure * is unique. The main
results involve characterisations of domains and Baer regular rings having
unique real closure *, and an example showing that regular rings need not be
f-rings in order to have a unique real closure *. The main objective here is to
find characterisation for uniqueness of real closure * for real regular rings
that will primarily only require information of the prime spectrum and the real
spectrum of the ring.


abstract:
  We introduce a class of Schur type functions associated with polynomial
sequences of binomial type. This can be regarded as a generalization of the
ordinary Schur functions and the factorial Schur functions. This generalization
satisfies some interesting expansion formulas, in which there is a curious
duality. Moreover this class includes examples which are useful to describe the
eigenvalues of Capelli type central elements of the universal enveloping
algebras of classical Lie algebras.


title: Einstein universes stabilized

abstract:
  The hypothesis that gravitational self-binding energy may be the source for
the vacuum energy term of cosmology is studied in a Newtonian Ansatz. For
spherical spaces the attractive force of gravitation and the negative pressure
of the vacuum energy term form a self stabilizing system under very reasonable
restrictions for the parameters, among them a characteristic coefficient \beta
of self energy. In the Weyl geometric approach to cosmological redshift,
Einstein-Weyl universes with observational restrictions of the curvature
parameters are dynamically stable, if \beta is about 40 % smaller than in the
exact Newton Ansatz or if the space geometry is elliptical.


title:
An Analytical Study of a Structured Overlay in the presence of Dynamic
  Membership

abstract:
  In this paper we present an analytical study of dynamic membership (aka
churn) in structured peer-to-peer networks. We use a fluid model approach to
describe steady-state or transient phenomena, and apply it to the Chord system.
For any rate of churn and stabilization rates, and any system size, we
accurately account for the functional form of the probability of network
disconnection as well as the fraction of failed or incorrect successor and
finger pointers. We show how we can use these quantities to predict both the
performance and consistency of lookups under churn. All theoretical predictions
match simulation results. The analysis includes both features that are generic
to structured overlays deploying a ring as well as Chord-specific details, and
opens the door to a systematic comparative analysis of, at least, ring-based
structured overlay systems under churn.


title: Hyperbolic Conservation Laws and Hydrodynamic Limit for Particle Systems

abstract:
  We study the following class of scalar hyperbolic conservation laws with
discontinuous fluxes: \partial_t\rho+\partial_xF(x,\rho)=0. The main feature of
such a conservation law is the discontinuity of the flux function in the space
variable x. Kruzkov's approach for the L1-contraction does not apply since it
requires the Lipschitz continuity of the flux function; and entropy solutions
even for the Riemann problem are not unique under the classical entropy
conditions. On the other hand, it is known that, in statistical mechanics, some
microscopic interacting particle systems with discontinuous speed parameter
lambda(x), in the hydrodynamic limit, formally lead to scalar hyperbolic
conservation laws with discontinuous fluxes of the form:
\partial_t\rho+\partial_x(\lambda(x)h(\rho))=0. The natural question arises
which entropy solutions the hydrodynamic limit selects, thereby leading to a
suitable, physical relevant notion of entropy solutions of this class of
conservation laws. This paper is a first step and provides an answer to this
question for a family of discontinuous flux functions. In particular, we
identify the entropy condition for our PDE and proceed to show the
well-posedness by combining our existence result with a uniqueness result of
Audusse-Perthame (2005) for the family of flux functions; we establish a
compactness framework for the hydrodynamic limit of large particle systems and
the convergence of other approximate solutions to our PDE, which is based on
the notion and reduction of measure-valued entropy solutions; and we finally
establish the hydrodynamic limit for a ZRP with discontinuous speed-parameter
governed by an entropy solution to our PDE.


title: The ANTARES neutrino telescope: a status report

abstract:
  ANTARES is a large volume neutrino telescope currently under construction off
La Seyne-sur-mer, France, at 2475m depth. Neutrino telescopes aim at detecting
neutrinos as a new probe for a sky study at energies greater than 1 TeV. The
detection principle relies on the observation, using photomultipliers, of the
Cherenkov light emitted by charged leptons induced by neutrino interactions in
the surrounding detector medium. Since late January 2007, the ANTARES detector
consists of 5 lines, comprising 75 optical detectors each, connected to the
shore via a 40 km long undersea cable. The data from these lines not only allow
an extensive study of the detector properties but also the reconstruction of
downward going cosmic ray muons and the search for the first upward going
neutrino induced muons.The operation of these lines follows on from that of the
ANTARES instrumentation line, which has provided data for more than a year on
the detector stability and the environmental conditions. The full 12 line
detector is planned to be fully operational early 2008.


title: Deflection of ultra slow light under gravity

abstract:
  Recent experiments on ultra slow light in strongly dispersive media by
several research groups reporting slowing down of the optical pulses down to
speeds of a few metres per second encourage us to examine the intriguing
possibility of detecting a deflection or fall of the ultra slow light under
Earth's gravity, i.e., on the laboratory length scale. In the absence of a
usable general relativistic theory of light waves propagating in such a
strongly dispersive optical medium in the presence of a gravitational field, we
present a geometrical optics based derivation that combines {\it the effective
gravitational refractive index} additively with the usual optical dispersion.
It gives a deflection, or the vertical fall $\Delta$ for a horizontal traversal
$L$ as \[ \Delta = \frac{L^2}{2}\big(\frac{R_{\oplus G}}{R_\oplus^2}\big) n_g
\big(\frac{1}{1+n_g\frac{R_{\oplus G}}{R_\oplus}}\big), \] where $R_{\oplus
G}/R_\oplus$ is the ratio of the gravitational Earth radius($R_{\oplus G}$) to
its geometrical radius $R_\oplus$, and $n_g$ is the group refractive index of
the strongly dispersive optical medium. The expression is essentailly that for
the Newtonian fall of an object projected horizontally with the group speed
$v_g=c/n_g$, and is tunable refractively through the index $n_g$. For $L \sim 1
m$ and $n_g = c/v_g \sim 10^8$ (corresponding to the ultra-slow pulse speed
$\sim few \times 1 ms^{-1}$), we obtain a fall $\Delta \sim 1 \mu m$, that
should be measurable $-$ in particular through its sensitive dependence on the
frequency that tunes $n_g$.


title:
About calculation of traces of Dirac $\gamma$-matrices contracted with
  massless vectors in Minkowski space

abstract:
  A new method for calculation of traces of Dirac $\gamma$-matrices contracted
with massless vectors in Minkowski space is discussed


title:
Quantum Zeno Effect in Cavity QED: Experimental Proposal with Non Ideal
  Cavities and Detectors

abstract:
  We propose an experiment with two coupled microwave cavities and a
"tunneling" photon observed by the passage of Rydberg atoms. We model the
coupled cavities as in Ref. \cite{art1} and include dissipative effects as well
as limited detection efficiency. We also consider realistic finite atom-field
interaction times and provide for a simple analytical expression for the photon
"tunneling" probability including all these effects. We show that for
sufficiently small dissipation constants the effect can be observed with
current experimental facilities.


title:
Molecular dynamics study of contact mechanics: contact area and
  interfacial separation from small to full contact

abstract:
  We report a molecular dynamics study of the contact between a rigid solid
with a randomly rough surface and an elastic block with a flat surface. We
study the contact area and the interfacial separation from small contact (low
load) to full contact (high load). For small load the contact area varies
linearly with the load and the interfacial separation depends logarithmically
on the load. For high load the contact area approaches to the nominal contact
area (i.e., complete contact), and the interfacial separation approaches to
zero. The present results may be very important for soft solids, e.g., rubber,
or for very smooth surfaces, where complete contact can be reached at moderate
high loads without plastic deformation of the solids.


title:
Quantum Gowdy $T^3$ Model: Schrodinger Representation with Unitary
  Dynamics

abstract:
  The linearly polarized Gowdy $T^3$ model is paradigmatic for studying
technical and conceptual issues in the quest for a quantum theory of gravity
since, after a suitable and almost complete gauge fixing, it becomes an exactly
soluble midisuperspace model. Recently, a new quantization of the model,
possessing desired features such as a unitary implementation of the gauge group
and of the time evolution, has been put forward and proven to be essentially
unique. An appropriate setting for making contact with other approaches to
canonical quantum gravity is provided by the Schr\"odinger representation,
where states are functionals on the configuration space of the theory. Here we
construct this functional description, analyze the time evolution in this
context and show that it is also unitary when restricted to physical states,
i.e. states which are solutions to the remaining constraint of the theory.


title:
Demonstrating anyonic fractional statistics with a six-qubit quantum
  simulator

abstract:
  Anyons are exotic quasiparticles living in two dimensions that do not fit
into the usual categories of fermions and bosons, but obey a new form of
fractional statistics. Following a recent proposal [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 150404
(2007)], we present an experimental demonstration of the fractional statistics
of anyons in the Kitaev spin lattice model using a photonic quantum simulator.
We dynamically create the ground state and excited states (which are six-qubit
graph states) of the Kitaev model Hamiltonian, and implement the anyonic
braiding and fusion operations by single-qubit rotations. A phase shift of
$\pi$ related to the anyon braiding is observed, confirming the prediction of
the fractional statistics of Abelian 1/2-anyons.


title: Zariski $k$-plets via dessins d'enfants

abstract:
  We construct exponentially large collections of pairwise distinct
equisingular deformation families of irreducible plane curves sharing the same
sets of singularities. The fundamental groups of all curves constructed are
abelian.


title:
New Cardiovascular Indices Based on a Nonlinear Spectral Analysis of
  Arterial Blood Pressure Waveforms

abstract:
  A new method for analyzing arterial blood pressure is presented in this
report. The technique is based on the scattering transform and consists in
solving the spectral problem associated to a one-dimensional Schr\"odinger
operator with a potential depending linearly upon the pressure. This potential
is then expressed with the discrete spectrum which includes negative
eigenvalues and corresponds to the interacting components of an N-soliton. The
approach is similar to a nonlinear Fourier transform where the solitons play
the role of sine and cosine components. The method provides new cardiovascular
indices that seem to contain relevant physiological information. We first show
how to use this approach to decompose the arterial blood pressure pulse into
elementary waves and to reconstruct it or to separate its systolic and
diastolic phases. Then we analyse the parameters computed from this technique
in two physiological conditions, the head-up 60 degrees tilt test and the
isometric handgrip test, widely used for studying short term cardiovascular
control. Promising results are obtained.


title:
How to reveal the mysteries of the most obscured high-energy sources of
  our Galaxy, discovered by INTEGRAL?

abstract:
  A new type of high-energy binary systems has been revealed by the INTEGRAL
satellite. These sources are in the course of being unveiled by means of
multi-wavelength optical, near- and mid-infrared observations. Among these
sources, two distinct classes are appearing: the first one is constituted of
intrinsically obscured high-energy sources, of which IGR J16318-4848 seems to
be the most extreme example. The second one is populated by the so-called
supergiant fast X-ray transients, with IGR J17544-2619 being the archetype. We
report here on multi-wavelength optical to mid-infrared observations of these
systems. We show that in the case of the obscured sources our observations
suggest the presence of absorbing material (dust and/or cold gas) enshrouding
the whole binary system. We then discuss the nature of these two different
types of systems.


title: Constraints on the three-fluid model of curvaton decay

abstract:
  A three fluid system describing the decay of the curvaton is studied by
numerical and analytical means. We place constraints on the allowed interaction
strengths between the fluids and initial curvaton density by requiring that the
curvaton decays before nucleosynthesis while nucleosynthesis, radiation-matter
equality and decoupling occur at correct temperatures. We find that with a
continuous, time-independent interaction, a small initial curvaton density is
naturally preferred along with a low reheating temperature. Allowing for a
time-dependent interaction, this constraint can be relaxed. In both cases, a
purely adiabatic final state can be generated, but not without fine-tuning.
Unlike in the two fluid system, the time-dependent interactions are found to
have a small effect on the curvature perturbation itself due to the different
nature of the system. The presence of non-gaussianity in the model is
discussed.


title: Heegner divisors, $L$-functions and harmonic weak Maass forms

abstract:
  Recent works, mostly related to Ramanujan's mock theta functions, make use of
the fact that harmonic weak Maass forms can be combinatorial generating
functions. Generalizing works of Waldspurger, Kohnen and Zagier, we prove that
such forms also serve as "generating functions" for central values and
derivatives of quadratic twists of weight 2 modular $L$-functions. To obtain
these results, we construct differentials of the third kind with twisted
Heegner divisor by suitably generalizing the Borcherds lift to harmonic weak
Maass forms. The connection with periods, Fourier coefficients, derivatives of
$L$-functions, and points in the Jacobian of modular curves is obtained by
analyzing the properties of these differentials using works of Scholl,
Waldschmidt, and Gross and Zagier.


title:
A Low-temperature 1H NMR Study of H2O and D2O Associated Competitively
  with Immunoglobulin G in Solution

abstract:
  An approach has been proposed to characterize the competitive association of
D2O and to study the heterogeneity of hydration water adsorbed by the protein,
immunoglobulin G, using methodology for determining of non-freezing water in
mixed H2O-D2O protein solutions by low-temperature 1H NMR technique. Direct
data on the numbers of deuteriums adsorbed by immunoglobulin G and isothermals
of water (D2O) sorption by the protein for solution hydration conditions were
obtained. The preferential binding of D2O as well as the isotopic effect of low
D2O concentrations was simply confirmed using this method. The shape of the
isothermals, similar to that for polymolecular adsorption, demonstrates
relative changes in the fractions of heavy water isotope bound to different
groups of protein atoms on decreasing temperature in frozen solution. At -35
deg C the major fractions attached to charged and polar atomic groups appear to
be related as 2/3. The adsorption curves indicate the direct relationship of
non-freezing water to interface water in protein powders.


title: Quantum-limited metrology with product states

abstract:
  We study the performance of initial product states of n-body systems in
generalized quantum metrology protocols that involve estimating an unknown
coupling constant in a nonlinear k-body (k << n) Hamiltonian. We obtain the
theoretical lower bound on the uncertainty in the estimate of the parameter.
For arbitrary initial states, the lower bound scales as 1/n^k, and for initial
product states, it scales as 1/n^(k-1/2). We show that the latter scaling can
be achieved using simple, separable measurements. We analyze in detail the case
of a quadratic Hamiltonian (k = 2), implementable with Bose-Einstein
condensates. We formulate a simple model, based on the evolution of
angular-momentum coherent states, which explains the O(n^(-3/2)) scaling for k
= 2; the model shows that the entanglement generated by the quadratic
Hamiltonian does not play a role in the enhanced sensitivity scaling. We show
that phase decoherence does not affect the O(n^(-3/2)) sensitivity scaling for
initial product states.


title:
Random Field Potts model with dipolar-like interactions: hysteresis,
  avalanches and microstructure

abstract:
  A model for the study of hysteresis and avalanches in a first-order phase
transition from a single variant phase to a multivariant phase is presented.
The model is based on a modification of the Random Field Potts model with
metastable dynamics by adding a dipolar interaction term truncated at nearest
neighbors. We focus our study on hysteresis loop properties, on the
three-dimensional (3D) microstructure formation and on avalanche statistics.


title:
A geometric framework for the subfield problem of generic polynomials
  via Tschirnhausen transformation

abstract:
  Let $k$ be an arbitrary field. We study a general method to solve the
subfield problem of generic polynomials for the symmetric groups over $k$ via
Tschirnhausen transformation. Based on the general result in the former part,
we give an explicit solution to the field isomorphism problem and the subfield
problem of cubic generic polynomials for $\frak{S}_3$ and $C_3$ over $k$. As an
application of the cubic case, we also give several sextic generic polynomials
over $k$.


title: Possible implications of the channeling effect in NaI(Tl) crystals

abstract:
  The channeling effect of low energy ions along the crystallographic axes and
planes of NaI(Tl) crystals is discussed in the framework of corollary
investigations on WIMP Dark Matter candidates. In fact, the modeling of this
existing effect implies a more complex evaluation of the luminosity yield for
low energy recoiling Na and I ions. In the present paper related
phenomenological arguments are developed and possible implications are
discussed at some extent.


title:
The Form of the Effective Interaction in Harmonic-Oscillator-Based
  Effective Theory

abstract:
  I explore the form of the effective interaction in harmonic-oscillator-based
effective theory (HOBET) in next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO). As
the included space in a HOBET (as in the shell model) is defined by the
oscillator energy, both long-distance (low-momentum) and short-distance
(high-momentum) degrees of freedom reside in the high-energy excluded space. A
HOBET effective interaction is developed in which a short-range
contact-gradient expansion is combined with an exact summation of the relative
kinetic energy. By this means the very strong coupling of the included (P) and
excluded (Q) spaces by the kinetic energy is removed. One finds that the
interplay of QT and QV is governed by a single parameter kappa, the ratio of an
observable, the binding energy |E|, to a parameter in the effective theory, the
oscillator energy. Once the functional dependence on kappa is identified, the
remaining order-by-order subtraction of the short-range physics residing in Q
becomes systematic and rapidly converging. Numerical calculations are used to
demonstrate how well the resulting expansion reproduces the running of Heff
from high scales to a typical shell-model scale of 8 hbar omega. At N3LO
various global properties of Heff are reproduced to a typical accuracy of
0.01%, or about 1 keV.
  The state-dependence of the effective interaction has been a troubling
problem in nuclear physics, and is embodied in the energy dependence of
Heff(|E|) in the Bloch-Horowitz formalism. It is shown that almost all of this
state dependence is also extracted in the procedures followed here, isolated in
the analytic dependence of Heff on kappa. Thus there exists a simple, Hermitian
Heff that can be use in spectral calculations.


title:
Experimental demonstration of a quantum protocol for Byzantine agreement
  and liar detection

abstract:
  We introduce a new quantum protocol for solving detectable Byzantine
agreement (also called detectable broadcast) between three parties, and also
for solving the detectable liar detection problem. The protocol is suggested by
the properties of a four-qubit entangled state, and the classical part of the
protocol is simpler than that of previous proposals. In addition, we present an
experimental implementation of the protocol using four-photon entanglement.


title: On Outage Behavior of Wideband Slow-Fading Channels

abstract:
  This paper investigates point-to-point information transmission over a
wideband slow-fading channel, modeled as an (asymptotically) large number of
independent identically distributed parallel channels, with the random channel
fading realizations remaining constant over the entire coding block. On the one
hand, in the wideband limit the minimum achievable energy per nat required for
reliable transmission, as a random variable, converges in probability to
certain deterministic quantity. On the other hand, the exponential decay rate
of the outage probability, termed as the wideband outage exponent,
characterizes how the number of parallel channels, {\it i.e.}, the
``bandwidth'', should asymptotically scale in order to achieve a targeted
outage probability at a targeted energy per nat. We examine two scenarios: when
the transmitter has no channel state information and adopts uniform transmit
power allocation among parallel channels; and when the transmitter is endowed
with an one-bit channel state feedback for each parallel channel and
accordingly allocates its transmit power. For both scenarios, we evaluate the
wideband minimum energy per nat and the wideband outage exponent, and discuss
their implication for system performance.


title:
Obscured sources and Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients: new classes of
  high mass X-ray binaries

abstract:
  A new type of high-energy binary systems has been revealed by the INTEGRAL
satellite. These sources are in the course of being unveiled by means of
multi-wavelength optical, near- and mid-infrared observations. Among these
sources, two distinct classes are appearing: the first one is constituted of
intrinsically obscured high-energy sources, of which IGR J16318-4848 seems to
be the most extreme example. The second one is populated by the so-called
supergiant fast X-ray transients, with IGR J17544-2619 being the archetype. We
report here on multi-wavelength optical to mid-infrared observations of a
sample of 21 INTEGRAL sources. We show that in the case of the obscured sources
our observations suggest the presence of absorbing material (dust and/or cold
gas) enshrouding the whole binary system. We finally discuss the nature of
these two different types of sources, in the context of high energy binary
systems.


title: Continuum limit of self-driven particles with orientation interaction

abstract:
  We consider the discrete Couzin-Vicsek algorithm (CVA), which describes the
interactions of individuals among animal societies such as fish schools. In
this article, we propose a kinetic (mean-field) version of the CVA model and
provide its formal macroscopic limit. The final macroscopic model involves a
conservation equation for the density of the individuals and a non conservative
equation for the director of the mean velocity and is proved to be hyperbolic.
The derivation is based on the introduction of a non-conventional concept of a
collisional invariant of a collision operator.


title:
Thin and dressed Polyakov loops from spectral sums of lattice
  differential operators

abstract:
  We represent thin and dressed Polyakov loops as spectral sums of eigenvalues
of differential operators on the lattice. For that purpose we calculate
complete sets of eigenvalues of the staggered Dirac and the covariant Laplace
operator for several temporal boundary conditions. The spectra from different
boundary conditions can be combined such that they represent single (thin)
Polyakov loops, or a collection of loops (dressed Polyakov loops). We analyze
the role of the eigenvalues in the spectral sums below and above the critical
temperature.


title:
Equation of motion of an interstellar Bussard ramjet with radiation and
  mass losses

abstract:
  An interstellar Bussard ramjet is a spaceship using the protons of the
interstellar medium in a fusion engine to produce thrust. In recent papers, it
was shown that the relativistic equation of motion of an ideal ramjet and of a
ramjet with radiation loss are analytical. When a mass loss appears, the limit
speed of the ramjet is more strongly reduced. But, the parametric equations, in
terms of the ramjet's speed, for the position of the ramjet in the inertial
frame of the interstellar medium, the time in this frame, and the proper time
indicated by the clocks on board the spaceship, can still be obtained in an
analytical form. The non-relativistic motion and the motion near the limit
speed are studied.


title: On the unipotent support of character sheaves

abstract:
  Let $G$ be a connected reductive group over $F_q$, where $q$ is large enough
and the center of $G$ is connected. We are concerned with Lusztig's theory of
{\em character sheaves}, a geometric version of the classical character theory
of the finite group $G(F_q)$. We show that under a certain technical condition,
the restriction of a character sheaf to its {\em unipotent support} (as defined
by Lusztig) is either zero or an irreducible local system. As an application,
the generalized Gelfand-Graev characters are shown to form a $\Z$-basis of the
$\Z$-module of unipotently supported virtual characters of $G(F_q)$ (Kawanaka's
conjecture).


title: GL(2,R) geometry of ODE's

abstract:
  We study five dimensional geometries associated with the 5-dimensional
irreducible representation of GL(2,R). These are special Weyl geometries in
signature (3,2) having the structure group reduced from CO(3,2) to GL(2,R). The
reduction is obtained by means of a conformal class of totally symmetric
3-tensors. Among all GL(2,R) geometries we distinguish a subclass which we term
`nearly integrable GL(2,R)geometries'. These define a unique gl(2,R) connection
which has totally skew symmetric torsion. This torsion splits onto the GL(2,R)
irreducible components having respective dimensions 3 and 7.
  We prove that on the solution space of every 5th order ODE satisfying certain
three nonlinear differential conditions there exists a nearly integrable
GL(2,R) geometry such that the skew symmetric torsion of its unique gl(2,R)
connection is very special. In contrast to an arbitrary nearly integrable
GL(2,R) geometry, it belongs to the 3-dimensional irreducible representation of
GL(2,R). The conditions for the existence of the structure are lower order
equivalents of the Doubrov-Wilczynski conditions found recently by Boris
Doubrov [7].
  We provide nontrivial examples of 5th order ODEs satisfying the three
nonlinear differential conditions, which in turn provides examples of
inhomogeneous GL(2,R) geometries in dimension five, with torsion in R^3. We
also outline the theory and the basic properties of GL(2,R) geometries
associated with n-dimensional irreducible representations of GL(2,R) in 5<n<10.
In particular we give conditions for an n-th order ODE to possess this geometry
on its solution space.


title:
Monitoring of Transient Black Hole Candidates observed in the INTEGRAL
  survey

abstract:
  The INTEGRAL/IBIS survey was performed collecting all the GPS and GCDE data
together with all the available public data . The second catalogue, published
in 2006 by Bird et al., is dominated by detection of 113 X-ray binaries, with
38 being high-mass and 67 low-mass. In most systems the compact object is a
neutron star, but the sample also contains 4 confirmed Black Holes and 6 LMXB
black hole candidates (BHC). There are also, in additional, 6 tentative
associations as BHCs based simply on spectral and timing properties. In the
sample of 12 sources (BHC and tentatively associated BHC) there are 7 transient
sources that went into outbursts during the INTEGRAL survey observations. We
present here the monitoring of the time and spectral evolution of these 7
outbursts.


title: Nonabelian solutions in a Melvin magnetic universe

abstract:
  We show the existence of D=4 nonabelian solutions approaching asymptotically
a dilatonic Melvin spacetime background. An exact solution generalizing the
Chamseddine-Volkov soliton for a nonzero external U(1) magnetic field is also
reported.


title:
The contribution of very massive high-redshift SWIRE galaxies to the
  stellar mass function

abstract:
  (Abridged) We selected high-z massive galaxies at 5.8 microns, in the SWIRE
ELAIS-S1 field (1 sq. deg.). Galaxies with the 1.6 microns stellar peak
redshifted into the IRAC bands (z~1-3, called ``IR-peakers'') were identified.
Stellar masses were derived by means of spectro-photometric fitting and used to
compute the stellar mass function (MF) at z=1-2 and 2-3. A parametric fit to
the MF was performed, based on a Bayesian formalism, and the stellar mass
density of massive galaxies above z=2 determined. We present the first
systematic study of the very-massive tail of the galaxy stellar mass function
at high redshift. A total of 326 sources were selected. The majority of these
galaxies have stellar masses in excess of 1e11 Msun and lie at z>1.5. The
availability of mid-IR data turned out to be a valuable tool to constrain the
contribution of young stars to galaxy SEDs, and thus their M(stars)/L ratio.
The influence of near-IR data and of the chosen stellar library on the SED
fitting are also discussed. A significant evolution is found not only for
galaxies with M~1e11 Msun, but also in the highest mass bins considered. The
comoving number density of these galaxies was lower by more than a factor of 10
at z=2-3, with respect to the local estimate. SWIRE 5.8 micron peakers more
massive than 1.6x1e11 Msun provide 30-50% of the total stellar mass density in
galaxies at z=2-3.


title: Spacetime: Arena or Reality?

abstract:
  For small values of the mass (in relation to the angular momentum and
electric charge), the Kerr-Newman (KN) solution of Einstein equation reduces to
a naked singularity of circular shape. By considering the Hawking and Ellis
extended interpretation of the KN spacetime, as well as Wheeler's idea of
"charge without charge", the non-trivial topological structure of the extended
KN spatial section is found to represent gravitational states with
half-integral angular momentum. As a consequence, it can be consistently
interpreted as a model for the electron-positron system, in which the concepts
of mass, charge and spin emerge from the spacetime geometry. According to this
model, therefore, instead of a simple arena, spacetime must have a concrete
existence, being responsible -- through its highly non-trivial topological
structures -- for the building blocks of (at least some of) the existing matter
in the universe.


title:
A Protocol For Cooling and Controlling Composite Systems by Local
  Interactions

abstract:
  We discuss an explicit protocol which allows one to externally cool and
control a composite system by operating on a small subset of it. The scheme
permits to transfer arbitrary and unknown quantum states from a memory on the
network ("upload access") as well as the inverse ("download access"). In
particular it yields a method for cooling the system.


title: Polyelectrolyte-Compression Forces between Spherical DNA Brushes

abstract:
  Optical tweezers are employed to measure the forces of interaction within a
single pair of DNA-grafted colloids in dependence of the molecular weight of
the DNA-chains, and the concentration and valence of the surrounding ionic
medium. The resulting forces are short-range and set in as the
surface-to-surface distance between the colloidal cores reaches the value of
the brush height. The measured force-distance dependence is analyzed by means
of a theoretical treatment based on the compression of the chains on the
surface of the opposite-lying colloid. Quantitative agreement with the
experiment is obtained for all parameter combinations.


title:
Effects of temperature and surface step on the incipient plasticity in
  strained aluminium studied by atomistic simulations

abstract:
  Atomistic simulations using an EAM potential are carried out to investigate
the first stages of plasticity in aluminum slabs, in particular the effect of
both temperature and step geometry on the nucleation of dislocations from
surface steps. Temperature is shown to significantly reduce the elastic limit,
and to activate the nucleation of dislocation half-loops. Twinning occurs by
successive nucleations in adjacent glide planes. The presence of a kinked step
is shown to have no influence on the nucleation mechanisms.


title:
Homology and K--Theory Methods for Classes of Branes Wrapping Nontrivial
  Cycles

abstract:
  We apply some methods of homology and K-theory to special classes of branes
wrapping homologically nontrivial cycles. We treat the classification of
four-geometries in terms of compact stabilizers (by analogy with Thurston's
classification of three-geometries) and derive the K-amenability of Lie groups
associated with locally symmetric spaces listed in this case. More complicated
examples of T-duality and topology change from fluxes are also considered. We
analyse D-branes and fluxes in type II string theory on ${\mathbb C}P^3\times
\Sigma_g \times {\mathbb T}^2$ with torsion $H-$flux and demonstrate in details
the conjectured T-duality to ${\mathbb R}P^7\times X^3$ with no flux. In the
simple case of $X^3 = {\mathbb T}^3$, T-dualizing the circles reduces to
duality between ${\mathbb C}P^3\times {\mathbb T}^2 \times {\mathbb T}^2$ with
$H-$flux and ${\mathbb R}P^7\times {\mathbb T}^3$ with no flux.


title: Unitary Isobar Model - MAID2007

abstract:
  The unitary isobar model MAID2007 has been developed to analyze the world
data of pion photo- and electroproduction. The model contains both a common
background and several resonance terms. The background is unitarized according
to the K-matrix prescription, and the 13 four-star resonances with masses below
2 GeV are described by appropriately unitarized Breit-Wigner forms. The data
have been analyzed by both single-energy and global fits, and the transverse
and longitudinal helicity amplitudes have been extracted for the four-star
resonances below 2 GeV. Because of its inherent simplicity, MAID2007 is well
adopted for predictions and analysis of the observables in pion photo- and
electroproduction.


title:
Reconstruction of Rayleigh-Lamb dispersion spectrum based on noise
  obtained from an air-jet forcing

abstract:
  The time-domain cross-correlation of incoherent and random noise recorded by
a series of passive sensors contains the impulse response of the medium between
these sensors. By using noise generated by a can of compressed air sprayed on
the surface of a plexiglass plate, we are able to reconstruct not only the time
of flight but the whole waveforms between the sensors. From the reconstruction
of the direct $A_0$ and $S_0$ waves, we derive the dispersion curves of the
flexural waves, thus estimating the mechanical properties of the material
without a conventional electromechanical source. The dense array of receivers
employed here allow a precise frequency-wavenumber study of flexural waves,
along with a thorough evaluation of the rate of convergence of the correlation
with respect to the record length, the frequency, and the distance between the
receivers. The reconstruction of the actual amplitude and attenuation of the
impulse response is also addressed in this paper.


title: Electron Beam Dynamics in 4GLS

abstract:
  Studies of the electron beam dynamics for the 4GLS design are presented. 4GLS
will provide three different electron bunch trains to a variety of user
synchrotron sources. The 1 kHz XUV-FEL and 100 mA High Average Current branches
share a common 540 MeV linac, whilst the 13 MHz IR-FEL must be
well-synchronised to them. An overview of the injector designs, electron
transport, and energy recovery is given, including ongoing studies of coherent
synchrotron radiation, beam break-up and wakefields. This work is being pursued
for the forthcoming Technical Design Report due in 2008.


title:
Structural, electronic and optical properties of tetrahedral
  $Si_xGe_{47-x}:H_{60}$ nanocrystals: A Density Functional study

abstract:
  The structural, cohesive, electronic and optical properties of mixed SiGe:H
quantum dots are studied by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations on a
representative ensemble of medium size nanoparticles of the form
$Si_xGe_{47-x}:H_{60}$. The calculations have been performed in the framework
of the hybrid non-local exchange-correlation functional of Becke, Lee, Parr and
Yang (B3LYP). Besides the ground state DFT/B3LYP values we provide reliable
result for the lowest spin and symmetry allowed electronic transition based on
Time Dependent DFT (TDDFT/B3LYP) calculations. Our results show that the
optical gap depends not only on the relative concentrations of silicon,
germanium and hydrogen, but also on the relative position of the silicon and
germanium shells relative to the surface of the nanocrystal. This is also true
for the structural, cohesive and electronic properties allowing for possible
electronic and optical gap engineering. Moreover, it is found that for the
cases of nanoparticles with pure Ge or Si core, the optical properties are
mainly determined by the Ge part of the nanoparticle, while silicon seem to act
as a passivant.


title:
Shell model description of the 14C dating beta decay with
  Brown-Rho-scaled NN interactions

abstract:
  We present shell model calculations for the beta-decay of the 14C ground
state to the 14N ground state, treating the states of the A=14 multiplet as two
0p holes in an 16O core. We employ low-momentum nucleon-nucleon (NN)
interactions derived from the realistic Bonn-B potential and find that the
Gamow-Teller matrix element is too large to describe the known lifetime. By
using a modified version of this potential that incorporates the effects of
Brown-Rho scaling medium modifications, we find that the GT matrix element
vanishes for a nuclear density around 85% that of nuclear matter. We find that
the splitting between the (J,T)=(1+,0) and (J,T)=(0+,1) states in 14N is
improved using the medium-modified Bonn-B potential and that the transition
strengths from excited states of 14C to the 14N ground state are compatible
with recent experiments.


title: The Shapes of Galaxy Groups

abstract:
  We derive probability density functions for the projected axial ratios of the
real and mock 2PIGG galaxy groups, and use this data to investigate the
intrinsic three dimensional shape of the dark matter ellipsoids that they
trace. As well as analysing the raw data for groups of varying multiplicities,
a convolution corrected form of the data is also considered which weights the
probability density function according to the results of multiple Monte-Carlo
realizations of discrete samples from the input spatial distributions. The
important effect observed is that the best fit distribution for all the raw
data is a prolate ellipsoid with a Gaussian distribution of axial ratios with
$\bar{\beta}=0.36$ and $\sigma=0.14$, whilst for the convolved data the best
fit solution is that of an oblate ellipsoid $\bar{\beta}=0.22$ and
$\sigma=0.1$. Previously only prolate distributions were thought compatible
with the data, this being interprated as evidence of filamentary collapse at
nodes. We also find that even after allowing for the sampling effects, the
corrected data is better fit using separate multiplicity bins, which display a
trend towards more spherical halos in higher multiplicity groups. Finally, we
find that all results in the real data are in good agreement with the mock data
from $\Lambda$CDM simulations, KS tests showing that all comparative data have
been drawn from the same distributions within the $1\sigma$ confidence limits.


title:
A relativistic model for neutrino pion production from nuclei in the
  resonance region

abstract:
  We present a relativistic model for electroweak pion production from nuclei,
focusing on the $\Delta$ and the second resonance region. Bound states are
derived in the Hartree approximation to the $\sigma-\omega$ Walecka model.
Final-state interactions of the outgoing pion and nucleon are described in a
factorized way by means of a relativistic extension of the Glauber model. Our
formalism allows a detailed study of neutrino pion production through $Q^2$,
$W$, energy, angle and out-of-plane distributions.


title: Gravitational Stability and Bulk Cosmology

abstract:
  We present a discussion of the effects induced by bulk viscosity either on
the very early Universe stability and on the dynamics associated to the extreme
gravitational collapse of a gas cloud. In both cases the viscosity coefficient
is related to the energy density $\rho$ via a power-law of the form
$\zeta=\zeta_0 \rho^s$ (where $\zeta_0, s=const.$) and the behavior of the
density contrast in analyzed.
  In the first case, matter filling the isotropic and homogeneous background is
described by an ultra-relativistic equation of state. The analytic expression
of the density contrast shows that its growth is suppressed forward in time as
soon as $\zeta_0$ overcomes a critical value. On the other hand, in such a
regime, the asymptotic approach to the initial singularity admits an unstable
collapsing picture.
  In the second case, we investigate the top-down fragmentation process of an
uniform and spherically symmetric gas cloud within the framework of a Newtonian
approach, including the negative pressure contribution associated to the bulk
viscous phenomenology. In the extreme regime toward the singularity, we show
that the density contrast associated to an adiabatic-like behavior of the gas
(which is identified by a particular range of the politropic index) acquire,
for sufficiently large viscous contributions, a vanishing behavior which
prevents the formation of sub-structures. Such a feature is not present in the
isothermal-like collapse. We also emphasize that in the adiabatic-like case
bulk viscosity is also responsible for the appearance of a threshold scale
(equivalent to a Jeans length) beyond which perturbations begin to increase.


title: Charm Meson Spectroscopy at Babar and CLEO-C

abstract:
  In this mini-review we report on the most recent progress in charm meson
spectroscopy. We discuss the precision measurements performed by the BaBar and
CLEO-c experiments in the non strange charm meson part and we present the newly
discovered strange charmed meson excited states.


title: Conservation laws and scattering for de Sitter classical particles

abstract:
  Starting from an intrinsic geometric characterization of de Sitter timelike
and lightlike geodesics we give a new description of the conserved quantities
associated with classical free particles on the de Sitter manifold. These
quantities allow for a natural discussion of classical pointlike scattering and
decay processes. We also provide an intrinsic definition of energy of a
classical de Sitter particle and discuss its different expressions in various
local coordinate systems and their relations with earlier definitions found in
the literature.


title: Hamiltonian approach to Coulomb gauge Yang-Mills Theory

abstract:
  The vacuum wave functional of Coulomb gauge Yang-Mills theory is determined
within the variational principle and used to calculate various Green functions
and observables. The results show that heavy quarks are confined by a linearly
rising potential and gluons cannot propagate over large distances. The 't Hooft
loop shows a perimeter law and thus also indicates confinement.


title:
A General Strategy for Physics-Based Model Validation Illustrated with
  Earthquake Phenomenology, Atmospheric Radiative Transfer, and Computational
  Fluid Dynamics

abstract:
  Validation is often defined as the process of determining the degree to which
a model is an accurate representation of the real world from the perspective of
its intended uses. Validation is crucial as industries and governments depend
increasingly on predictions by computer models to justify their decisions. In
this article, we survey the model validation literature and propose to
formulate validation as an iterative construction process that mimics the
process occurring implicitly in the minds of scientists. We thus offer a formal
representation of the progressive build-up of trust in the model, and thereby
replace incapacitating claims on the impossibility of validating a given model
by an adaptive process of constructive approximation. This approach is better
adapted to the fuzzy, coarse-grained nature of validation. Our procedure
factors in the degree of redundancy versus novelty of the experiments used for
validation as well as the degree to which the model predicts the observations.
We illustrate the new methodology first with the maturation of Quantum
Mechanics as the arguably best established physics theory and then with several
concrete examples drawn from some of our primary scientific interests: a
cellular automaton model for earthquakes, an anomalous diffusion model for
solar radiation transport in the cloudy atmosphere, and a computational fluid
dynamics code for the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability. This article is an
augmented version of Sornette et al. [2007] that appeared in Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences in 2007 (doi: 10.1073/pnas.0611677104), with an
electronic supplement at URL
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/0611677104/DC1. Sornette et al. [2007] is
also available in preprint form at physics/0511219.

categories: physics.comp-ph astro-ph.EP cond-mat.mtrl-sci physics.ao-ph physics.data-an physics.flu-dyn physics.geo-ph quant-ph


title:
Fast minimum-weight double-tree shortcutting for Metric TSP: Is the best
  one good enough?

abstract:
  The Metric Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classical NP-hard
optimization problem. The double-tree shortcutting method for Metric TSP yields
an exponentially-sized space of TSP tours, each of which approximates the
optimal solution within at most a factor of 2. We consider the problem of
finding among these tours the one that gives the closest approximation, i.e.\
the \emph{minimum-weight double-tree shortcutting}. Burkard et al. gave an
algorithm for this problem, running in time $O(n^3+2^d n^2)$ and memory $O(2^d
n^2)$, where $d$ is the maximum node degree in the rooted minimum spanning
tree. We give an improved algorithm for the case of small $d$ (including planar
Euclidean TSP, where $d \leq 4$), running in time $O(4^d n^2)$ and memory
$O(4^d n)$. This improvement allows one to solve the problem on much larger
instances than previously attempted. Our computational experiments suggest that
in terms of the time-quality tradeoff, the minimum-weight double-tree
shortcutting method provides one of the best known tour-constructing
heuristics.


title:
Young and Massive Binary Progenitors of Type Ia Supernovae and Their
  Circumstellar Matter

abstract:
  We present new evolutionary models for Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) progenitors,
introducing mass-stripping effect on a main-sequence (MS) or slightly evolved
companion star by winds from a mass-accreting white dwarf (WD). The
mass-stripping attenuates the rate of mass transfer from the companion to the
WD. As a result, quite a massive MS companion can avoid forming a common
envelope and increase the WD mass up to the SN Ia explosion. Including the
mass-stripping effect, we follow binary evolutions of various WD + MS systems
and obtain the parameter region in the initial donor mass - orbital period
plane where SNe Ia occur. The newly obtained SN Ia region extends to donor
masses of 6-7 M_\sun, although its extension depends on the efficiency of
mass-stripping effect. The stripped matter would mainly be distributed on the
orbital plane and form very massive circumstellar matter (CSM) around the SN Ia
progenitor. It can explain massive CSM around SNe Ia/IIn(IIa) 2002ic and 2005gj
as well as tenuous CSM around normal SN Ia 2006X. Our new model suggests the
presence of very young (\lesssim 10^8 yr) populations of SNe Ia, being
consistent with recent observational indications of young population SNe Ia.


title:
Manipulation with Andreev states in spin active mesoscopic Josephson
  junctions

abstract:
  We investigate manipulation with Andreev bound states in Josephson quantum
point contacts with magnetic scattering. Rabi oscillations in the two-level
Andreev subsystems are excited by resonant driving the direction of magnetic
moment of the scatterer, and by modulating the superconducting phase difference
across the contact. The Andreev level dynamics is manifested by temporal
oscillation of the Josephson current, accompanied, in the case of magnetic
manipulation, also by oscillation of the Andreev states spin polarization. The
interlevel transitions obey a selection rule that forbids manipulations in a
certain region of external parameters, and results from specific properties of
Andreev bound states in magnetic contacts: 4$\pi$-periodicity with respect to
the superconducting phase, and strong spontaneous spin polarization.


title: Wobbling excitations at high spins in A~160

abstract:
  We found that in 156Dy and 162Yb the lowest odd spin gamma-vibrational states
transform to the wobbling excitations after the backbending, associated with
the transition from axially-symmetric to nonaxial shapes. The analysis of
quadrupole electric transitions determines uniquely the sign of the
gamma-deformation in both nuclei after the transition point.


title: Identification of the Isotherm Function in Chromatography Using CMA-ES

abstract:
  This paper deals with the identification of the flux for a system of
conservation laws in the specific example of analytic chromatography. The
fundamental equations of chromatographic process are highly non linear. The
state-of-the-art Evolution Strategy, CMA-ES (the Covariance Matrix Adaptation
Evolution Strategy), is used to identify the parameters of the so-called
isotherm function. The approach was validated on different configurations of
simulated data using either one, two or three components mixtures. CMA-ES is
then applied to real data cases and its results are compared to those of a
gradient-based strategy.


title:
A Dual Algorithm for Non-abelian Yang-Mills coupled to Dynamical
  Fermions

abstract:
  We extend the dual algorithm recently described for pure, non-abelian
Yang-Mills on the lattice to the case of lattice fermions coupled to
Yang-Mills, by constructing an ergodic Metropolis algorithm for dynamic
fermions that is local, exact, and built from gauge-invariant boson-fermion
coupled configurations. For concreteness, we present in detail the case of
three dimensions, for the group SU(2) and staggered fermions, however the
algorithm readily generalizes with regard to group and dimension. The treatment
of the fermion determinant makes use of a polymer expansion; as with previous
proposals making use of the polymer expansion in higher than two dimensions,
the critical question for practical applications is whether the presence of
negative amplitudes can be managed in the continuum limit.


title:
The emission line spectrum of the UV deficient quasar Ton 34: evidence
  of shock excitation?

abstract:
  Emission lines in quasars are believed to originate from a photoionized
plasma. There are, however, some emission features which appear to be
collisionally excited, such as the FeII multiplet bands. Shortward of Ly_alpha,
there also are a few permitted lines of species from low to intermediate
ionization. Ton 34 (z=1.928) exhibits the steepest far-UV continuum decline
known (Fnu propto nu^{-5.3}) shortward of 1050A. This object also emits
unusually strong low to intermediate excitation permitted lines shortward of
the Lyman limit. Using archive spectra of Ton 34 from HST, IUE and Palomar, we
measure the fluxes of all the lines present in the spectra and compare their
relative intensities with those observed in composite quasar spectra. Our
analysis reveals unusual strengths with respect to Ly_alpha of the following
low to intermediate excitation permitted lines: OII+OIII (835A), NIII+OIII
(686-703A) and NIII+NIV (765A). We compare the observed line spectrum with both
photoionization and shock models. Photoionization cannot reproduce the
strengths of these far-UV lines. Shocks with Vs ~ 100 km/s turn out to be
extremely efficient emitters of these lines and are favored as excitation
mechanism.


title: Structure of Mass Gap between Two Spin Multiplets

abstract:
  Studying our semirelativistic potential model and the numerical results,
which succeeds in predicting and reproducing recently discovered higher
resonances of $D$, $D_s$, $B$, and $B_s$, we find a simple expression for the
mass gap between two spin multiplets of heavy-light mesons, $(0^-,1^-)$ and
$(0^+,1^+)$. The mass gap between chiral partners defined by $\Delta
M=M(0^+)-M(0^-)$ and/or $M(1^+)-M(1^-)$ is given by $\Delta
M=M(0^+)-M(0^-)=M(1^+)-M(1^-)\approx \Lambda_{\rm Q}-m_q$ in the limit of heavy
quark symmetry, and including $1/m_Q$ corrections, we have $\Delta M\approx
\Lambda_{\rm Q}-m_q+(1.28\times 10^{5}+4.26\times 10^{2}\cdot m_q)/m_Q$ with
$\Lambda_{\rm Q}\approx 300$ MeV, a light quark mass $m_q$, and a heavy quark
mass $m_Q$. This equation holds both for $D$ and $D_s$ heavy mesons. Our model
calculations for the $B$ and $B_s$ also follow this formula.


title: On Orbits of the Ring $Z_n^m$ under the Action of the Group $SL(m,Z_n)$

abstract:
  We consider the action of the finite matrix group $SL(m,Z_n)$ on the ring
$Z_n^m$. We determine orbits of this action for n arbitrary natural number. It
is a generalization of the task which was studied by A.A. Kirillov for $m=2$
and $n$ prime number.


title:
Similar final states from different initial states using new exact
  solutions of relativistic hydrodynamics

abstract:
  We present exact, analytic and simple solutions of relativistic perfect fluid
hydrodynamics. The solutions allow us to calculate the rapidity distribution of
the particles produced at the freeze-out, and fit them to the measured rapidity
distribution data. We also give an advanced estimation of the energy density
reached in heavy ion collisions, and an improved estimation of the life-time of
the reaction.


title: Hyperplane Arrangements with Large Average Diameter

abstract:
  The largest possible average diameter of a bounded cell of a simple
hyperplane arrangement is conjectured to be not greater than the dimension. We
prove that this conjecture holds in dimension 2, and is asymptotically tight in
fixed dimension. We give the exact value of the largest possible average
diameter for all simple arrangements in dimension 2, for arrangements having at
most the dimension plus 2 hyperplanes, and for arrangements having 6
hyperplanes in dimension 3. In dimension 3, we give lower and upper bounds
which are both asymptotically equal to the dimension.


title:
Light quark masses and pseudoscalar decay constants from Nf=2 twisted
  mass QCD

abstract:
  We present the results of the lattice QCD calculation of the average up-down
and strange quark masses and of the light meson pseudoscalar decay constants,
recently performed with Nf=2 dynamical fermions by the ETM Collaboration. The
simulation is carried out at a single value of the lattice spacing with the
twisted mass fermionic action at maximal twist, which guarantees automatic
O(a)-improvement of the physical quantities. Quark masses are renormalized by
implementing the non perturbative RI-MOM renormalization procedure. Our results
for the light quark masses are m_{ud}^{MSbar}(2 Gev)=3.85 +- 0.12 +- 0.40 MeV,
m_s^{MSbar}(2 Gev)=105 +- 3 +- 9 MeV and m_s/m_{ud}=27.3 +- 0.3 +- 1.2. We also
obtain f_K=161.7 +- 1.2 +- 3.1 MeV and the ratio f_K/f_pi=1.227 +- 0.009 +-
0.024. From this ratio, by using the experimental determination of Gamma(K ->
mu {bar nu}_mu (gamma))/Gamma(pi -> mu {bar nu}_mu (gamma)) and the average
value of |V_{ud}| from nuclear beta decays, we obtain |V_{us}|=0.2192(5)(45),
in agreement with the determination from K_{l3} decays and the unitarity
constraint.


title:
Singular cohomology of the analytic Milnor fiber, and mixed Hodge
  structure on the nearby cohomology

abstract:
  We constructed the analytic Milnor fiber is a non-archimedean model of the
classical topological Milnor fibration. In the present paper, we describe the
homotopy type of the analytic Milnor fiber in terms of a strictly semi-stable
model, and we show that its singular cohomology coincides with the weight zero
part of the mixed Hodge structure on the nearby cohomology. We give a similar
expression for Denef and Loeser's motivic Milnor fiber in terms of a strictly
semi-stable model.


title: The strength of crystalline color superconductors

abstract:
  We present a study of the shear modulus of the crystalline color
superconducting phase of quark matter, showing that this phase of dense, but
not asymptotically dense, quark matter responds to shear stress as a very rigid
solid. This phase is characterized by a gap parameter $\Delta$ that is
periodically modulated in space and therefore spontaneously breaks
translational invariance. We derive the effective action for the phonon fields
that describe space- and time-dependent fluctuations of the crystal structure
formed by $\Delta$, and obtain the shear modulus from the coefficients of the
spatial derivative terms. Within a Ginzburg-Landau approximation, we find shear
moduli which are 20 to 1000 times larger than those of neutron star crusts.
This phase of matter is thus more rigid than any known material in the
universe, but at the same time the crystalline color superconducting phase is
also superfluid. These properties raise the possibility that the presence of
this phase within neutron stars may have distinct implications for their
phenomenology. For example, (some) pulsar glitches may originate in crystalline
superconducting neutron star cores.

categories: hep-ph astro-ph cond-mat.supr-con gr-qc nucl-th


title:
(3+1)-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Expansion with a Critical Point from
  Realistic Initial Conditions

abstract:
  We investigate a (3+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic expansion of the hot and
dense system created in head-on collisions of Pb+Pb/Au+Au at beam energies from
$5-200A$ GeV. An equation of state that incorporates a critical end point (CEP)
in line with the lattice data is used. The necessary initial conditions for the
hydrodynamic evolution are taken from a microscopic transport approach (UrQMD).
We compare the properties of the initial state and the full hydrodynamical
calculation with an isentropic expansion employing an initial state from a
simple overlap model. We find that the specific entropy ($S/A$) from both
initial conditions is very similar and only depends on the underlying equation
of state. Using the chiral (hadronic) equation of state we investigate the
expansion paths for both initial conditions. Defining a critical area around
the critical point, we show at what beam energies one can expect to have a
sizable fraction of the system close to the critical point. Finally, we
emphasise the importance of the equation of state of strongly interacting
matter, in the (experimental) search for the CEP.


title: Symmetry Breaking Patterns for the Little Higgs from Strong Dynamics

abstract:
  We show how the symmetry breaking pattern of the simplest little Higgs model,
and that of the smallest moose model that incorporates an approximate custodial
SU(2), can be realized through the condensation of strongly coupled fermions.
In each case a custodial SU(2) symmetry of the new strong dynamics limits the
sizes of corrections to precision electroweak observables. In the case of the
simplest little Higgs, there are no new light states beyond those present in
the original model. However, our realization of the symmetry breaking pattern
of the moose model predicts an additional scalar field with mass of order a TeV
or higher that has exactly the same quantum numbers as the Standard Model Higgs
and which decays primarily to third generation quarks.


title:
Holographic vector mesons from spectral functions at finite baryon or
  isospin density

abstract:
  We consider gauge/gravity duality with flavor for the finite-temperature
field theory dual of the AdS-Schwarzschild black hole background with embedded
D7-brane probes. In particular, we investigate spectral functions at finite
baryon density in the black hole phase. We determine the resonance frequencies
corresponding to meson-mass peaks as function of the quark mass over
temperature ratio. We find that these frequencies have a minimum for a finite
value of the quark mass. If the quotient of quark mass and temperature is
increased further, the peaks move to larger frequencies. At the same time the
peaks narrow, in agreement with the formation of nearly stable vector meson
states which exactly reproduce the meson mass spectrum found at zero
temperature. We also calculate the diffusion coefficient, which has finite
value for all quark mass to temperature ratios, and exhibits a first-order
phase transition. Finally we consider an isospin chemical potential and find
that the spectral functions display a resonance peak splitting, similar to the
isospin meson mass splitting observed in effective QCD models.


title: Long term monitoring of the BHC 1E 1740.7-2942

abstract:
  The microquasar 1E 1740.7-2942 is one of the most appealing source of the
Galactic Centre region. The high energy feature detected once by SIGMA has been
searched in the last years by INTEGRAL, but never confirmed. Classified as a
persistent source, on 2004 it showed a quiescent-like state. In fact for few
month 1E 1740.7-2942 was below the detector sensitivity level. We present the
long term temporal behaviour of 1E 1740.7-2942 observed by INTEGRAL and RXTE in
2004 and 2005, as well as preliminary results on possible spectral transitions.


title: Flavor Symmetry and Charm Decays

abstract:
  A wealth of new data in charmed particle physics allows the testing of flavor
symmetry and the extraction of key amplitudes. Information on relative strong
phases is obtained.


title: Graphs on Surfaces and the Partition Function of String Theory

abstract:
  Graphs on surfaces is an active topic of pure mathematics belonging to graph
theory. It has also been applied to physics and relates discrete and continuous
mathematics. In this paper we present a formal mathematical description of the
relation between graph theory and the mathematical physics of discrete string
theory. In this description we present problems of the combinatorial world of
real importance for graph theorists. The mathematical details of the paper are
as follows: There is a combinatorial description of the partition function of
bosonic string theory. In this combinatorial description the string world sheet
is thought as simplicial and it is considered as a combinatorial graph. It can
also be said that we have embeddings of graphs in closed surfaces. The discrete
partition function which results from this procedure gives a sum over
triangulations of closed surfaces. This is known as the vacuum partition
function. The precise calculation of the partition function depends on
combinatorial calculations involving counting all non-isomorphic triangulations
and all spanning trees of a graph. The exact computation of the partition
function turns out to be very complicated, however we show the exact
expressions for its computation for the case of any closed orientable surface.
We present a clear computation for the sphere and the way it is done for the
torus, and for the non-orientable case of the projective plane.


title:
High-temperature expansions through order 24 for the two-dimensional
  classical XY model on the square lattice

abstract:
  The high-temperature expansion of the spin-spin correlation function of the
two-dimensional classical XY (planar rotator) model on the square lattice is
extended by three terms, from order 21 through order 24, and analyzed to
improve the estimates of the critical parameters.


title: VLA Limits for Intermediate Mass Black Holes in Three Globular Clusters

abstract:
  The observational evidence for central black holes in globular clusters has
been argued extensively, and their existence has important consequences for
both the formation and evolution of the cluster. Most of the evidence comes
from dynamical arguments, but the interpretation is difficult, given the short
relaxation times and old ages of the clusters. One of the most robust
signatures for the existence of a black hole is radio and/or X-ray emission. We
observed three globular clusters, NGC6093 (M80), NGC6266 (M62), and NGC7078
(M15), with the VLA in the A and C configuration with a 3-sigma noise of 36, 36
and 25 microJy, respectively. We find no statistically-significant evidence for
radio emission from the central region for any of the three clusters. NGC6266
shows a 2-sigma detection. It is difficult to infer a mass from these upper
limits due to uncertainty about the central gas density, accretion rate, and
accretion model.


title: Di-photon Higgs decay in the MSSM with explicit CP violation

abstract:
  The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) with explicit CP violation
is studied with the help of the di-photon decay channel of the lightest neutral
Higgs boson. Effects of CP violation, entering via the scalar/pseudo-scalar
mixing at higher order as well as through the Higgs-sfermion-sfermion couplings
at tree-level, are analyzed in the MSSM with and without light sparticles. A
light stop may have a strong impact on the decay width and Branching Ratio (BR)
of the decay process H_1 -> gamma gamma, whereas other light sparticles have
only little influence. In some regions of the MSSM parameter space with large
CP-violating phase phi_mu ~ 90 degrees a light stop can change the BR by more
than 50%.


title:
An iterative method to compute the overlap Dirac operator at nonzero
  chemical potential

abstract:
  The overlap Dirac operator at nonzero quark chemical potential involves the
computation of the sign function of a non-Hermitian matrix. In this talk we
present an iterative method, first proposed by us in Ref. [1], which allows for
an efficient computation of the operator, even on large lattices. The starting
point is a Krylov subspace approximation, based on the Arnoldi algorithm, for
the evaluation of a generic matrix function. The efficiency of this method is
spoiled when the matrix has eigenvalues close to a function discontinuity. To
cure this, a small number of critical eigenvectors are added to the Krylov
subspace, and two different deflation schemes are proposed in this augmented
subspace. The ensuing method is then applied to the sign function of the
overlap Dirac operator, for two different lattice sizes. The sign function has
a discontinuity along the imaginary axis, and the numerical results show how
deflation dramatically improves the efficiency of the method.


title: A Generalization of A Leibniz Geometrical Theorem

abstract:
  In this article we present a generalization of a Leibniz's geometrical
theorem and an application of it.


title: Spin asymmetry at large x_F and k_T

abstract:
  We suggest that the large single spin asymmetries observed at high momentum
fractions x_F and transverse momenta k_T of the pion in p^\uparrow p ->
\pi(x_F,k_T)+X arise from the coherence of the soft interactions with the hard
parton scattering process. Such coherence can be maintained if x_F -> 1 as k_T
-> \infty, while k_T^2(1-x_F) ~ \Lambda_{QCD}^2 stays fixed. Analogous
coherence effects have been seen experimentally in the Drell-Yan process at
high x_F. We find that the p^\uparrow p -> \pi X production amplitudes have
large dynamic phases and that helicity flip contributions are unsuppressed in
this limit, giving rise to potentially large single spin asymmetries.


title: SU(2) meets SU(3) in lattice-Landau-gauge gluon and ghost propagators

abstract:
  A comparative study of the lattice Landau gauge gluon and ghost propagators
for SU(2) and SU(3) pure Yang-Mills theories is carried out. The data were
specially produced with equivalent lattice parameters to allow for a careful
comparison of the two cases. We find very good agreement between the two
theories. Our results seem to confirm the predicton of Schwinger-Dyson
equations that the infrared exponents are independent of the gauge group SU(N).


title:
Polar kicks and the spin period - eccentricity relation in double
  neutron stars

abstract:
  We present results of a population synthesis study aimed at examining the
role of spin-kick alignment in producing a correlation between the spin period
of the first-born neutron star and the orbital eccentricity of observed double
neutron star binaries in the Galactic disk. We find spin-kick alignment to be
compatible with the observed correlation, but not to alleviate the requirements
for low kick velocities suggested in previous population synthesis studies. Our
results furthermore suggest low- and high-eccentricity systems may form through
two distinct formation channels distinguished by the presence or absence of a
stable mass transfer phase before the formation of the second neutron star. The
presence of highly eccentric systems in the observed sample of double neutron
stars may furthermore support the notion that neutron stars accrete matter when
moving through the envelope of a giant companion.


title: Infrared structure of e+e- --> 3 jets at NNLO

abstract:
  We describe the calculation of the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD
corrections to three-jet production and related event shape observables in
electron-positron annihilation. Infrared singularities due to double real
radiation at tree level and single real radiation at one loop are subtracted
from the full QCD matrix elements using antenna functions, which are then
integrated analytically and added to the two loop contribution. Using this
antenna subtraction method, we obtain numerically finite contributions from
five-parton and four-parton processes, and observe an explicit analytic
cancellation of infrared poles in the four-parton and three-parton
contributions. All contributions are implemented in a flexible parton-level
event generator programme, allowing the numerical computation of any
infrared-safe observable related to three-jet final states to NNLO accuracy.


title: Staggered Diquarks for the Singly Heavy Baryons

abstract:
  In the staggered fermion formulation of lattice QCD, we construct diquark
operators to be embedded in singly heavy baryons. The group theoretical
connections between the continuum and lattice staggered diquark representations
are established.


title:
Finite-temperature Bell test for quasiparticle entanglement in the Fermi
  sea

abstract:
  We demonstrate that the Bell test cannot be realized at finite temperatures
in the vast majority of electronic setups proposed previously for quantum
entanglement generation. This fundamental difficulty is shown to originate in a
finite probability of quasiparticle emission from Fermi-sea detectors. In order
to overcome the feedback problem, we suggest a detection strategy, which takes
advantage of a resonant coupling to the quasiparticle drains. Unlike other
proposals, the designed Bell test provides a possibility to determine the
critical temperature for entanglement production in the solid state.


title: An operational calculus for the Mould operad

abstract:
  The operad of moulds is realized in terms of an operational calculus of
formal integrals (continuous formal power series). This leads to many
simplifications and to the discovery of various suboperads. In particular, we
prove a conjecture of the first author about the inverse image of non-crossing
trees in the dendriform operad. Finally, we explain a connection with the
formalism of noncommutative symmetric functions.


title: Berry Phases, Quantum Phase Transitions and Chern Numbers

abstract:
  We study the relation between Chern numbers and Quantum Phase Transitions
(QPT) in the XY spin-chain model. By coupling the spin chain to a single spin,
it is possible to study topological invariants associated to the coupling
Hamiltonian. These invariants contain global information, in addition to the
usual one (obtained by integrating the Berry connection around a closed loop).
We compute these invariants (Chern numbers) and discuss their relation to QPT.
In particular we show that Chern numbers can be used to label regions
corresponding to different phases.


title:
Transition radiation in turbulent astrophysical medium. Application to
  solar radio bursts

abstract:
  Modern observations and models of various astrophysical objects suggest that
many of their physical parameters fluctuate substantially at different spatial
scales. The rich variety of the emission processes, including Transition
Radiation but not limited to it, arising in such turbulent media constitutes
the scope of Stochastic Theory of Radiation. We review general approaches
applied in the stochastic theory of radiation and specific methods used to
calculate the transition radiation produced by fast particles in the magnetized
randomly inhomogeneous plasma. The importance of the theory of transition
radiation for astrophysics is illustrated by one example of its detailed
application to a solar radio burst, including specially designed algorithms of
the spectral forward fitting.


title: Small x QCD and Multigluon States: a Color Toy Model

abstract:
  We introduce and study a toy model with a finite number of degrees of freedom
whose Hamiltonian presents the same color structure of the BKP system appearing
in the studies of QCD in the Regge limit. We address within this toy model the
question of the importance of finite number of color corrections with respect
to the planar limit case.


title: Trap-imbalanced fermion mixtures

abstract:
  We analyze the ground state phases of two-component ($\sigma \equiv \lbrace
\uparrow, \downarrow \rbrace$) population- and mass-balanced ($N_\uparrow =
N_\downarrow$ and $m_\uparrow = m_\downarrow$) but trap-imbalanced
($\omega_\uparrow \ne \omega_\downarrow$) fermion mixtures as a function of
interaction strength from the weak attraction Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS)
to the strong attraction Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) limit. In the BCS
limit, we find that the unpolarized superfluid (UPS) fermions exist away from
the central core of the trapping potentials, and are surrounded by partially
polarized normal (P$\sigma$PN) fermions. As the interactions increase towards
unitarity, we find that the central P$\sigma$PN core first transitions to a
UPS, and then expands towards the edges until the entire mixture becomes a UPS
in the BEC limit.


title: The QCD Equation of State with almost Physical Quark Masses

abstract:
  We present results on the equation of state in QCD with two light quark
flavors and a heavier strange quark. Calculations with improved staggered
fermions have been performed on lattices with temporal extent Nt =4 and 6 on a
line of constant physics with almost physical quark mass values; the pion mass
is about 220 MeV, and the strange quark mass is adjusted to its physical value.
High statistics results on large lattices are obtained for bulk thermodynamic
observables, i.e. pressure, energy and entropy density, at vanishing quark
chemical potential for a wide range of temperatures, 140 MeV < T < 800 MeV. We
present a detailed discussion of finite cut-off effects which become
particularly significant for temperatures larger than about twice the
transition temperature. At these high temperatures we also performed
calculations of the trace anomaly on lattices with temporal extent Nt=8.
Furthermore, we have performed an extensive analysis of zero temperature
observables including the light and strange quark condensates and the static
quark potential at zero temperature. These are used to set the temperature
scale for thermodynamic observables and to calculate renormalized observables
that are sensitive to deconfinement and chiral symmetry restoration and become
order parameters in the infinite and zero quark mass limits, respectively.


title: A Simple Analytical Formulation for Periodic Orbits in Binary Stars

abstract:
  An analytical approximation to periodic orbits in the circular restricted
three-body problem is provided. The formulation given in this work is based in
calculations known from classical mechanics, but with the addition of the
necessary terms to give a fairly good approximation that we compare with
simulations, resulting in a simple set of analytical expressions that solve
periodic orbits on discs of binary systems without the need of solving the
motion equations by numerical integrations.


title: Mapping the geometry of the E6 group

abstract:
  In this paper we present a construction for the compact form of the
exceptional Lie group E6 by exponentiating the corresponding Lie algebra e6,
which we realize as the the sum of f4, the derivations of the exceptional
Jordan algebra J3 of dimension 3 with octonionic entries, and the right
multiplication by the elements of J3 with vanishing trace. Our parametrization
is a generalization of the Euler angles for SU(2) and it is based on the
fibration of E6 via a F4 subgroup as the fiber. It makes use of a similar
construction we have performed in a previous article for F4. An interesting
first application of these results lies in the fact that we are able to
determine an explicit expression for the Haar invariant measure on the E6 group
manifold.


title:
On Floer homology and the Berge conjecture on knots admitting lens space
  surgeries

abstract:
  We complete the first step in a two-part program proposed by Baker, Grigsby,
and the author to prove that Berge's construction of knots in the three-sphere
which admit lens space surgeries is complete. The first step, which we prove
here, is to show that a knot in a lens space with a three-sphere surgery has
simple (in the sense of rank) knot Floer homology. The second (conjectured)
step involves showing that, for a fixed lens space, the only knots with simple
Floer homology belong to a simple finite family. Using results of Baker, we
provide evidence for the conjectural part of the program by showing that it
holds for a certain family of knots. Coupled with work of Ni, these knots
provide the first infinite family of non-trivial knots which are characterized
by their knot Floer homology. As another application, we provide a Floer
homology proof of a theorem of Berge.


title:
Friedel oscillations in one-dimensional metals: from Luttinger's theorem
  to the Luttinger liquid

abstract:
  Charge density and magnetization density profiles of one-dimensional metals
are investigated by two complementary many-body methods: numerically exact
(Lanczos) diagonalization, and the Bethe-Ansatz local-density approximation
with and without a simple self-interaction correction. Depending on the
magnetization of the system, local approximations reproduce different Fourier
components of the exact Friedel oscillations.


title: Grid Diagrams for Lens Spaces and Combinatorial Knot Floer Homology

abstract:
  Similar to knots in S^3, any knot in a lens space has a grid diagram from
which one can combinatorially compute all of its knot Floer homology
invariants. We give an explicit description of the generators, differentials,
and rational Maslov and Alexander gradings in terms of combinatorial data on
the grid diagram. Motivated by existing results for the Floer homology of knots
in S^3 and the similarity of the combinatorics presented here, we conjecture
that a certain family of knots is characterized by their Floer homology.
Coupled with work of the third author, an affirmative answer to this would
prove the Berge conjecture, which catalogs the knots in S^3 admitting lens
space surgeries.