title: The multiplicity of weights in nonprimitive pairs of weights

abstract:
  For each type of classical Lie algebra, we list the dominant highest weights
$\zeta$ for which $(\zeta;\mu_i)$ is not a primitive pair and the weight space
$V_{\mu_i}$ has dimension one where $\mu_i$ are the highest long and short
roots in each case. These dimension one weight spaces lead to examples of
nilmanifolds for which we cannot prove or disprove the density of closed
geodesics.


title:
Vanishing moment method and moment solutions for second order fully
  nonlinear partial differential equations

abstract:
  This paper concerns with numerical approximations of solutions of second
order fully nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). A new notion of
weak solutions, called moment solutions, is introduced for second order fully
nonlinear PDEs. Unlike viscosity solutions, moment solutions are defined by a
constructive method, called vanishing moment method, hence, they can be readily
computed by existing numerical methods such as finite difference, finite
element, spectral Galerkin, and discontinuous Galerkin methods with
"guaranteed" convergence. The main idea of the proposed vanishing moment method
is to approximate a second order fully nonlinear PDE by a higher order, in
particular, a fourth order quasilinear PDE. We show by various numerical
experiments the viability of the proposed vanishing moment method. All our
numerical experiments show the convergence of the vanishing moment method, and
they also show that moment solutions coincide with viscosity solutions whenever
the latter exist.


title:
Blogging in the physics classroom: A research-based approach to shaping
  students' attitudes towards physics

abstract:
  Even though there has been a tremendous amount of research done in how to
help students learn physics, students are still coming away missing a crucial
piece of the puzzle: why bother with physics? Students learn fundamental laws
and how to calculate, but come out of a general physics course without a deep
understanding of how physics has transformed the world around them. In other
words, they get the "how" but not the "why". Studies have shown that students
leave introductory physics courses almost universally with decreased
expectations and with a more negative attitude. This paper will detail an
experiment to address this problem: a course weblog or "blog" which discusses
real-world applications of physics and engages students in discussion and
thinking outside of class. Specifically, students' attitudes towards the value
of physics and its applicability to the real-world were probed using a
26-question Likert scale survey over the course of four semesters in an
introductory physics course at a comprehensive Jesuit university. We found that
students who did not participate in the blog study generally exhibited a
deterioration in attitude towards physics as seen previously. However, students
who read, commented, and were involved with the blog maintained their initially
positive attitudes towards physics. Student response to the blog was
overwhelmingly positive, with students claiming that the blog made the things
we studied in the classroom come alive for them and seem much more relevant.


title: On the relativistic Vlasov-Poisson system

abstract:
  The Cauchy problem is revisited for the so-called relativistic Vlasov-Poisson
system in the attractive case. Global existence and uniqueness of spherical
classical solutions is proved under weaker assumptions than previously used. A
new class of blowing up solutions is found when these conditions are violated.
A new, non-gravitational physical vindication of the model which (unlike the
gravitational one) is not restricted to weak fields, is also given.


title: Lost Baryons at Low Redshift

abstract:
  We review our attempts to discover lost baryons at low redshift with ``X-ray
forest'' of absorption lines from the warm-hot intergalactic medium. We discuss
the best evidence to date along the Mrk 421 sightline. We then discuss the
missing baryons in the Local Group and the significance of the z=0 absorption
systems in X-ray spectra. We argue that the debate over the Galactic vs.
extragalactic origin of the z=0 systems is premature as these systems likely
contain both components. Observations with next generation X-ray missions such
as Constellation-X and XEUS will be crucial to map out the warm-hot
intergalactic medium.


title: The Classical r-matrix of AdS/CFT and its Lie Bialgebra Structure

abstract:
  In this paper we investigate the algebraic structure of AdS/CFT in the
strong-coupling limit. We propose an expression for the classical r-matrix with
(deformed) u(2|2) symmetry, which leads to a quasi-triangular Lie bialgebra as
the underlying symmetry algebra. On the fundamental representation our r-matrix
coincides with the classical limit of the quantum R-matrix.


title:
Exact asymptotics of the characteristic polynomial of the symmetric
  Pascal matrix

abstract:
  We have obtained the exact asymptotics of the determinant $\det_{1\leq
r,s\leq L}[\binom{r+s-2}{r-1}+\exp(i\theta)\delta_{r,s}]$. Inverse symbolic
computing methods were used to obtain exact analytical expressions for all
terms up to relative order $L^{-14}$ to the leading term. This determinant is
known to give weighted enumerations of cyclically symmetric plane partitions,
weighted enumerations of certain families of vicious walkers and it has been
conjectured to be proportional to the one point function of the O$(1)$ loop
model on a cylinder of circumference $L$. We apply our result to the loop model
and give exact expressions for the asymptotics of the average of the number of
loops surrounding a point and the fluctuation in this number. For the related
bond percolation model, we give exact expressions for the asymptotics of the
probability that a point is on a cluster that wraps around a cylinder of even
circumference and the probability that a point is on a cluster spanning a
cylinder of odd circumference.


title: A discontinuity in the low-mass initial mass function

abstract:
  The origin of brown dwarfs (BDs) is still an unsolved mystery. While the
standard model describes the formation of BDs and stars in a similar way recent
data on the multiplicity properties of stars and BDs show them to have
different binary distribution functions. Here we show that proper treatment of
these uncovers a discontinuity of the multiplicity-corrected mass distribution
in the very-low-mass star (VLMS) and BD mass regime. A continuous IMF can be
discarded with extremely high confidence. This suggests that VLMSs and BDs on
the one hand, and stars on the other, are two correlated but disjoint
populations with different dynamical histories. The analysis presented here
suggests that about one BD forms per five stars and that the BD-star binary
fraction is about 2%-3% among stellar systems.


title: Quantum phase transitions in the extended periodic Anderson model

abstract:
  We investigate quantum phase transitions in the extended periodic Anderson
model, which includes electron correlations within and between itinerant and
localized bands. We calculate zero and finite temperature properties of the
system using the combination of dynamical mean-field theory and the numerical
renormalization group. At half filling, a phase transition between a Mott
insulating state and a Kondo insulating state occurs in the strong coupling
regime. We furthermore find that a metallic state is stabilized in the weak
coupling regime. This state should be adiabatically connected to the orbital
selective Mott state with one orbital localized and the other itinerant. The
effect of hole doping is also addressed.


title: The Oxygen Abundances of Luminous and Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies

abstract:
  Luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs and ULIRGs) dominate the
star formation rate budget of the universe at z > 1, yet no local measurements
of their heavy element abundances exist. We measure nuclear or near-nuclear
oxygen abundances in a sample of 100 star-forming LIRGs and ULIRGs using new,
previously published, and archival spectroscopy of strong emission lines
(including [O II] 3727, 3729 A) in galaxies with redshifts <z> ~ 0.1. When
compared to local emission-line galaxies of similar luminosity and mass (using
the near-infrared luminosity-metallicity and mass-metallicity relations), we
find that LIRGs and ULIRGs are under-abundant by a factor of two on average. As
a corollary, LIRGs and ULIRGs also have smaller effective yields. We conclude
that the observed under-abundance results from the combination of a decrease of
abundance with increasing radius in the progenitor galaxies and strong,
interaction- or merger-induced gas inflow into the galaxy nucleus. This
conclusion demonstrates that local abundance scaling relations are not
universal, a fact that must be accounted for when interpreting abundances
earlier in the universe's history when merger-induced star formation was the
dominant mode. We use our local sample to compare to high-redshift samples and
assess abundance evolution in LIRGs and ULIRGs. We find that abundances in
these systems increased by ~0.2 dex from z ~ 0.6 to z ~ 0.1. Evolution from z ~
2 submillimeter galaxies to z ~ 0.1 ULIRGs also appears to be present, though
uncertainty due to spectroscopic limitations is large.


title: Where, oh where has the r-process gone?

abstract:
  We present a review of the possible sources for r-process nuclei. It is known
that there is as yet no self-consistent mechanism to provide abundant neutrons
for a robust r-process in the neutrino-driven winds from nascent neutron stars.
We consider that the heavy r-nuclei with mass numbers A>130 (Ba and above)
cannot be produced in the neutrino-driven winds. Nonetheless, the r-process and
the neutrino-driven winds may be directly or indirectly related by some unknown
additional mechanism, which, for example, could provide ejecta with very short
dynamic timescales of <0.004 s. This undetermined mechanism must supply a
neutron source within the same general stellar sites that undergo core collapse
to produce the neutron star. Observational data on low-metallicity stars in the
Galactic halo show that sites producing the heavy r-nuclei do not produce Fe or
any other elements between N and Ge. Insofar as a forming neutron star is key
to producing the heavy r-nuclei, then the only possible sources are supernovae
resulting from collapse of O-Ne-Mg cores or accretion-induced collapse of white
dwarfs, neither of which produce the elements of the Fe group or those of
intermediate mass (above C and N). Using a template star with high enrichments
of heavy r-nuclei and another with low enrichments we develop a two-component
model based on the abundances of Eu (from sources for heavy r-nuclei) and Fe
(from Fe core-collapse supernovae). This model gives very good quantitative
predictions for the abundances of all the other elements in those metal-poor
stars with [Fe/H]<-1.5 for which the Eu and Fe abundances are known. (Abridged)


title: Cryptanalysis of shifted conjugacy authentication protocol

abstract:
  In this paper we present the first practical attack on the shifted
conjugacy-based authentication protocol proposed by P. Dehornoy. We discuss the
weaknesses of that primitive and propose ways to improve the protocol.


title: Anomalously small wave tails in higher dimensions

abstract:
  We consider the late-time tails of spherical waves propagating on
even-dimensional Minkowski spacetime under the influence of a long range radial
potential. We show that in six and higher even dimensions there exist
exceptional potentials for which the tail has an anomalously small amplitude
and fast decay. Along the way we clarify and amend some confounding arguments
and statements in the literature of the subject.


title: Large rotating AdS black holes from fluid mechanics

abstract:
  We use the AdS/CFT correspondence to argue that large rotating black holes in
global AdS(D) spaces are dual to stationary solutions of the relativistic
Navier-Stokes equations on S**(D-2). Reading off the equation of state of this
fluid from the thermodynamics of non-rotating black holes, we proceed to
construct the nonlinear spinning solutions of fluid mechanics that are dual to
rotating black holes. In all known examples, the thermodynamics and the local
stress tensor of our solutions are in precise agreement with the thermodynamics
and boundary stress tensor of the spinning black holes. Our fluid dynamical
description applies to large non-extremal black holes as well as a class of
large non-supersymmetric extremal black holes, but is never valid for
supersymmetric black holes. Our results yield predictions for the
thermodynamics of all large black holes in all theories of gravity on AdS
spaces, for example, string theory on AdS(5) x S**5 and M theory on AdS(4) x
S**7 and AdS(7) x S**4.


title: Specific Angular Momentum of Extrasolar Planetary Systems

abstract:
  As the number of known planetary systems increases, the ability to follow-up
and characterize the extent of any system becomes limited. This paper considers
the use of specific angular momentum as a metric to prioritize future
observations. We analyze 431 planets in 367 known extrasolar planetary systems
from Butler et al. (2006) (including updates to their online catalog, current
to April, 2011) and estimate each system's orbital angular momentum. The range
of partition- ing of specific angular momentum in these systems is found to be
large, spanning several orders of magnitude. The analysis shows that
multi-planet systems tend to have the highest values of specific angular
momentum normalized against the planetary masses. This suggests that in high
angular momentum systems, the dominant contributors have already been
discovered, and that single-planet sys- tems with low observed angular momentum
may be the most likely candidates for additional undiscovered companions
compared to their high angular momentum, single-planet counterparts. The
multi-planet system, GJ 581, is considered as a historical case study to
demonstrate the concept, examining how the specific angular momentum of the
know planetary system evolved with each discovery.


title: Abelian duality, confinement, and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD(adj)

abstract:
  We analyze the vacuum structure of SU(2) QCD with multiple massless adjoint
representation fermions formulated on a small spatial $S^1 \times \R^3$. The
absence of thermal fluctuations, and the fact that quantum fluctuations
favoring the vacuum with unbroken center symmetry in a weakly coupled regime
renders the interesting dynamics of these theories analytically calculable.
Confinement, the area law behavior for large Wilson loops, and the generation
of the mass gap in the gluonic sector are shown analytically. By abelian
duality transformation, the long distance effective theory of QCD is mapped
into an amalgamation of $d=3$ dimensional Sine-Gordon and NJL models. The
duality necessitates going to IR first. In this regime, theory exhibits
confinement without continuous chiral symmetry breaking. However, a flavor
singlet chiral condensate (which breaks a discrete chiral symmetry) persists at
arbitrarily small $S^1$. Under the reasonable assumption that the theory on
$\R^4$ exhibits chiral symmetry breaking, there must exist a zero temperature
chiral phase transition in the absence of any change in spatial center symmetry
realizations.


title: Homotopy Lie Superalgebra in Yang-Mills Theory

abstract:
  The Yang-Mills equations are formulated in the form of generalized
Maurer-Cartan equations, such that the corresponding algebraic operations are
shown to satisfy the defining relations of homotopy Lie superalgebra.


title: Localization for Schrodinger operators with random vector potentials

abstract:
  We prove Anderson localization at the internal band-edges for periodic
magnetic Schr{\"o}dinger operators perturbed by random vector potentials of
Anderson-type. This is achieved by combining new results on the Lifshitz tails
behavior of the integrated density of states for random magnetic
Schr{\"o}dinger operators, thereby providing the initial length-scale estimate,
and a Wegner estimate, for such models.


title:
The Molecular Gas Environment around Two Herbig Ae/Be Stars: Resolving
  the Outflows of LkHa 198 and LkHa 225S

abstract:
  Observations of outflows associated with pre-main-sequence stars reveal
details about morphology, binarity and evolutionary states of young stellar
objects. We present molecular line data from the Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland
Association array and Five Colleges Radio Astronomical Observatory toward the
regions containing the Herbig Ae/Be stars LkHa 198 and LkHa 225S. Single dish
observations of 12CO 1-0, 13CO 1-0, N2H+ 1-0 and CS 2-1 were made over a field
of 4.3' x 4.3' for each species. 12CO data from FCRAO were combined with high
resolution BIMA array data to achieve a naturally-weighted synthesized beam of
6.75'' x 5.5'' toward LkHa 198 and 5.7'' x 3.95'' toward LkHa 225S,
representing resolution improvements of factors of approximately 10 and 5 over
existing data. By using uniform weighting, we achieved another factor of two
improvement. The outflow around LkHa 198 resolves into at least four outflows,
none of which are centered on LkHa 198-IR, but even at our resolution, we
cannot exclude the possibility of an outflow associated with this source. In
the LkHa 225S region, we find evidence for two outflows associated with LkHa
225S itself and a third outflow is likely driven by this source. Identification
of the driving sources is still resolution-limited and is also complicated by
the presence of three clouds along the line of sight toward the Cygnus
molecular cloud. 13CO is present in the environments of both stars along with
cold, dense gas as traced by CS and (in LkHa 225S) N2H+. No 2.6 mm continuum is
detected in either region in relatively shallow maps compared to existing
continuum observations.


title:
Spectra of random linear combinations of matrices defined via
  representations and Coxeter generators of the symmetric group

abstract:
  We consider the asymptotic behavior as $n\to\infty$ of the spectra of random
matrices of the form \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}}\sum_{k=1}^{n-1}Z_{nk}\rho_n
((k,k+1)),\] where for each $n$ the random variables $Z_{nk}$ are i.i.d.
standard Gaussian and the matrices $\rho_n((k,k+1))$ are obtained by applying
an irreducible unitary representation $\rho_n$ of the symmetric group on
$\{1,2,...,n\}$ to the transposition $(k,k+1)$ that interchanges $k$ and $k+1$
[thus, $\rho_n((k,k+1))$ is both unitary and self-adjoint, with all eigenvalues
either +1 or -1]. Irreducible representations of the symmetric group on
$\{1,2,...,n\}$ are indexed by partitions $\lambda_n$ of $n$. A consequence of
the results we establish is that if $\lambda_{n,1}\ge\lambda_{n,2}\ge...\ge0$
is the partition of $n$ corresponding to $\rho_n$, $\mu_{n,1}\ge\mu_{n,2}\ge
>...\ge0$ is the corresponding conjugate partition of $n$ (i.e., the Young
diagram of $\mu_n$ is the transpose of the Young diagram of $\lambda_n$),
$\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\lambda_{n,i}}{n}=p_i$ for each $i\ge1$, and
$\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\mu_{n,j}}{n}=q_j$ for each $j\ge1$, then the spectral
measure of the resulting random matrix converges in distribution to a random
probability measure that is Gaussian with random mean $\theta Z$ and variance
$1-\theta^2$, where $\theta$ is the constant $\sum_ip_i^2-\sum_jq_j^2$ and $Z$
is a standard Gaussian random variable.


title: Electronic Ground State of Higher Acenes

abstract:
  We examine the electronic ground state of acenes with different number of
fused benzene rings (up to 40) by using first principles density functional
theory. Their properties are compared with those of infinite polyacene. We find
that the ground state of acenes that consist of more than seven fused benzene
rings is an antiferromagnetic (in other words, open-shell singlet) state, and
we show that this singlet is not necessarily a diradical, because the spatially
separated magnetizations for the spin-up and spin-down electrons increase with
the size of the acene. For example, our results indicate that there are about
four spin-up electrons localized at one zigzag edge of 20-acene. The reason
that both acenes and polyacene have the antiferromagnetic ground state is due
to the zigzag-shaped boundaries, which cause pi-electrons to localize and form
spin orders at the edges. Both wider graphene ribbons and large
rectangular-shaped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been shown to share
this antiferromagnetic ground state. Therefore, we demonstrate that the
pi-electronic structure of higher acenes and ployacene are still dictated by
the zigzag edges, and our results provide a consistent description of their
electronic ground state.


title: Pressure-Tuned Spin and Charge Ordering in an Itinerant Antiferromagnet

abstract:
  Elemental chromium orders antiferromagnetically near room temperature, but
the ordering temperature can be driven to zero by applying large pressures. We
combine diamond anvil cell and synchrotron x-ray diffraction techniques to
measure directly the spin and charge order in the pure metal at the approach to
its quantum critical point. Both spin and charge order are suppressed
exponentially with pressure, well beyond the region where disorder cuts off
such a simple evolution, and they maintain a harmonic scaling relationship over
decades in scattering intensity. By comparing the development of the order
parameter with that of the magnetic wavevector, it is possible to ascribe the
destruction of antiferromagnetism to the growth in electron kinetic energy
relative to the underlying magnetic exchange interaction.


title: Twisted Poincar\'e Invariant Quantum Field Theories

abstract:
  It is by now well known that the Poincar\'e group acts on the Moyal plane
with a twisted coproduct. Poincar\'e invariant classical field theories can be
formulated for this twisted coproduct. In this paper we systematically study
such a twisted Poincar\'e action in quantum theories on the Moyal plane. We
develop quantum field theories invariant under the twisted action from the
representations of the Poincar\'e group, ensuring also the invariance of the
S-matrix under the twisted action of the group . A significant new contribution
here is the construction of the Poincar\'e generators using quantum fields.


title:
Two-particle scattering on the lattice: Phase shifts, spin-orbit
  coupling, and mixing angles

abstract:
  We determine two-particle scattering phase shifts and mixing angles for
quantum theories defined with lattice regularization. The method is suitable
for any nonrelativistic effective theory of point particles on the lattice. In
the center-of-mass frame of the two-particle system we impose a hard spherical
wall at some fixed large radius. For channels without partial-wave mixing the
partial-wave phase shifts are determined from the energies of the
nearly-spherical standing waves. For channels with partial-wave mixing further
information is extracted by decomposing the standing wave at the wall boundary
into spherical harmonics, and we solve coupled-channels equations to extract
the phase shifts and mixing angles. The method is illustrated and tested by
computing phase shifts and mixing angles on the lattice for spin-1/2 particles
with an attractive Gaussian potential containing both central and tensor force
parts.


title:
Effects of pyruvate administration on infarct volume and neurological
  deficits following permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rats

abstract:
  Recent experimental evidences indicate that pyruvate, the final metabolite of
glycolysis, has a remarkable protective effect against different types of brain
injury. The purpose of this study was to assess the neuroprotective effect and
the neurological outcome after pyruvate administration in a model of ischemic
stroke induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in rats.
Three doses of pyruvate (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle were
administered intraperitoneally 30 min after pMCAO. In other set of experiments,
pyruvate was given either before, immediately after ischemia or in a long-term
administration paradigm. Functional outcome, mortality and infarct volume were
determined 24 h after stroke. Even when the lowest doses of pyruvate reduced
mortality and neurological deficits, no concomitant reduction in infarct volume
was observed. The highest dose of pyruvate increased cortical infarction by 27%
when administered 30 min after pMCAO. In addition, when pyruvate was given
before pMCAO, a significant increase in neurological deficits was noticed.
Surprisingly, on the contrary of what was found in the case of transient global
ischemia, present findings do not support a great neuroprotective role for
pyruvate in permanent focal cerebral ischemia, suggesting two distinct
mechanisms involved in the effects of this glycolytic metabolite in the
ischemic brain.


title: Ruthenium and hafnium abundances in giant and dwarf barium stars

abstract:
  We present abundances for Ru and Hf, compare them to abundances of other
heavy elements, and discuss the problems found in determining Ru and Hf
abundances with laboratory gf-values in the spectra of barium stars. We
determined Ru and Hf abundances in a sample of giant and dwarf barium stars, by
the spectral synthesis of two RuI (4080.574A and 4757.856A) and two HfII
(4080.437A and 4093.155A) transitions. The stellar spectra were observed with
FEROS/ESO, and the stellar atmospheric parameters lie in the range 4300 <
Teff/K < 6500, -1.2 < [Fe/H] <= 0 and 1.4 <= log g < 4.6. The HfII 4080A and
the RuI 4758A observed transitions result in a unreasonably high solar
abundance, given certain known uncertainties, when fitted with laboratory
gf-values. For these two transitions we determined empirical gf-values by
fitting the observed line profiles of the spectra of the Sun and Arcturus. For
the sample stars, this procedure resulted in a good agreement of Ru and Hf
abundances given by the two available lines. The resulting Ru and Hf abundances
were compared to those of Y, Nd, Sm and Eu. In the solar system Ru, Sm and Eu
are dominated by the r-process and Hf, Nd and Y by the s-process, and all of
these elements are enhanced in barium stars since they lie inside the s-process
path. Ru abundances show large scatter when compared to other heavy elements,
whereas Hf abundances show less scatter and closely follow the abundances of Sm
and Nd, in good agreement with theoretical expectations. We also suggest a
possible, unexpected, correlation of Ru and Sm abundances. The observed
behaviour in abundances is probably due to variations in the 13C pocket
efficiency in AGB stars, and, though masked by high uncertainties, hint at a
more complex scenario than proposed by theory.


title:
Constraints on the value of the fine structure constant from
  gravitational thermodynamics

abstract:
  In this paper I show how the second law of thermodynamics, generalized to
include event horizon area, places interesting constraints on the value of the
fine structure constant. A simple analysis leads to the conclusion that
classical Dirac and point-like magnetic monopoles could be used to violate the
second law, and that GUT monopoles are inconsistent with minicharged particles.


title: The Higgs portal and an unified model for dark energy and dark matter

abstract:
  We examine a scenario where the Higgs boson is coupled to an additional
singlet scalar field which we identify with a quintessence field. We show that
this results in an unified picture of dark matter and dark energy, where dark
energy is the zero-mode classical field rolling the usual quintessence
potential and the dark matter candidate is the quantum excitation (particle) of
the field, which is produced in the universe due to its coupling to the Higgs
boson.


title:
Electroweak phase transition in MSSM with $U(1)'$ in explicit CP
  violation scenario

abstract:
  The possibility of a strongly first-order electroweak phase transition is
established in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with an extra $U(1)'$,
where a nontrivial CP violating phase is introduced in its Higgs sector. We
find that there is a wide region in the parameter space of the model that
allows the strongly first-order electroweak phase transition. The mass of stop
quark need not be smaller than the top quark mass to ensure the first-order
electroweak phase transition be strong. The effect of the CP violating phase
upon the strength of the phase transition is discovered. The strength of the
phase transition is reduced when the size of the CP violation is increased. For
a given CP violating phase, we find that the model has a larger mass for the
lightest Higgs boson when it has a stronger phase transition.


title:
Bound on the anomalous tbW coupling from two-loop contribution to
  neutron electric dipole moment

abstract:
  The two-loop contribution to the electric dipole moment (EDM) and the chromo
electric dipole moment (CEDM) of an arbitrary fermion f induced by the most
general renormalizable tbW coupling with complex left- and right-handed
components (a_L and a_R) is calculated. The analytical expressions are
numerically evaluated and the current experimental constraints on the electron,
neutron and mercury atom EDMs are used to obtain a bound on the complex phase
Im(a^*_La_R). It is found that the most stringent constraint, Im(a^*_La_R)<2.33
X 10^{-2}, arises from the neutron EDM.


title: Supernova SN2006gy as a first ever Quark Nova?

abstract:
  The most luminous Supernova SN2006gy (more than a 100 times brighter than a
typical supernova) has been a challenge to explain by standard models. For
example, pair instability supernovae which are luminous enough seem to have too
slow a rise, and core collapse supernovae do not seem to be luminous enough. We
present an alternative scenario involving the quark-nova phenomenon (an
explosive transition of the newly born neutron star to a quark star) in which a
second explosion (delayed) occurs inside the ejecta of a normal supernova. The
reheated supernova ejecta can radiate at higher levels for longer periods of
time primarily due to reduced adiabatic expansion losses, unlike the standard
supernova case. We find an encouraging match between the resulting lightcurve
and that observed in the case of SN2006gy suggesting that we might have at hand
the first ever signature of a quark-nova. Successful application of our model
to SN2005gj and SN2005ap is also presented.


title: Reionization Bias in High Redshift Quasar Near-Zones

abstract:
  Absorption spectra of high redshift quasars exhibit an increasingly thick
Ly-alpha forest towards z~6. However, the interpretation of these spectra is
complicated by the fact that the Ly-alpha optical depth is already large for
neutral hydrogen fractions in excess of 10^-4, and also because quasars are
expected to reside in dense regions of the IGM. We present a model for the
evolution of the ionization state of the IGM which is applicable to the dense,
biased regions around high-redshift quasars as well as more typical regions in
the IGM, and combine this with numerical radiative transfer simulations. Our
model is able to simultaneously reproduce the observed Ly-alpha forest opacity
at 4<z<6, the ionizing photon mean-free-path at z~4 and the rapid evolution of
highly ionized near-zone sizes around high-redshift quasars at 5.8<z<6.4. We
find that within 5 physical Mpc of a high redshift quasar, the evolution of the
ionization state of the IGM precedes that in more typical regions by around 0.3
redshift units. More importantly, when combined with the rapid increase in the
ionizing photon mean-free-path expected shortly after overlap, this offset
results in an ionizing background near the quasar which exceeds the value in
the rest of the IGM by a factor of ~2-3. We further find that in the
post-overlap phase of reionization the size of the observed quasar near-zones
is not directly sensitive to the neutral hydrogen fraction of the IGM. Instead,
these sizes probe the level of the background ionization rate and the
temperature of the surrounding IGM. The observed rapid evolution of the quasar
near-zone sizes at 5.8<z<6.4 can thus be explained by the rapid evolution of
the ionizing background, which in our model is caused by the completion of
overlap at the end of reionization by 6<z<7.


title: Extensions of McCoy Rings

abstract:
  A ring $R$ is said to be right McCoy if the equation $f(x)g(x)=0,$ where
$f(x)$ and $g(x)$ are nonzero polynomials of $R[x],$ implies that there exists
nonzero $s \in R$ such that $f(x)s = 0$. It is proven that no proper
(triangular) matrix ring is one-sided McCoy. If there exists the classical
right quotient ring $Q$ of a ring $R$, then $R$ is right McCoy if and only if
$Q$ is right McCoy. It is shown that for many polynomial extensions, a ring $R$
is right McCoy if and only if the polynomial extension over $R$ is right McCoy.
Other basic extensions of right McCoy rings are also studied.\leftskip0truemm
\rightskip0truemm \{\it Keywords}: matrix ring, McCoy ring, polynomial ring,
upper triangular matrix ring.


title:
Observation of a resonance-like structure in the pi^+- psi' mass
  distribution in exclusive B-->K pi^+- psi' decays

abstract:
  A distinct peak is observed in the pi^+/- psi' invariant mass distribution
near 4.43 GeV in B->K pi^+/- psi' decays. A fit using a Breit Wigner resonance
shape yields a peak mass and width of 4433+-4(stat)+-2(syst) MeV and Gamma =
45^+18_-13(stat) ^+30_-13 MeV. The product branching fraction is determined to
be Bf(B-->KZ(4430))xBf(Z(4430)-->pi^+psi') =
(4.1+-1.0(stat)+-1.4(syst))x10^{-5), where Z(4430) is used to denote the
observed structure. The statistical significance of the observed peak is
6.5sigma. These results are obtained from a 605 fb-1 data sample that contains
657 million BBbar pairs collected near the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle
detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e+e- collider.


title: Load fluctuations drive actin network growth

abstract:
  The growth of actin filament networks is a fundamental biological process
that drives a variety of cellular and intracellular motions. During motility,
eukaryotic cells and intracellular pathogens are propelled by actin networks
organized by nucleation-promoting factors, which trigger the formation of
nascent filaments off the side of existing filaments in the network. A Brownian
ratchet (BR) mechanism has been proposed to couple actin polymerization to
cellular movements, whereby thermal motions are rectified by the addition of
actin monomers at the end of growing filaments. Here, by following
actin--propelled microspheres using three--dimensional laser tracking, we find
that beads adhered to the growing network move via an object--fluctuating BR.
Velocity varies with the amplitude of thermal fluctuation and inversely with
viscosity as predicted for a BR. In addition, motion is saltatory with a broad
distribution of step sizes that is correlated in time. These data point to a
model in which thermal fluctuations of the microsphere or entire actin network,
and not individual filaments, govern motility. This conclusion is supported by
Monte Carlo simulations of an adhesion--based BR and suggests an important role
for membrane tension in the control of actin--based cellular protrusions.


title: Radiative Column and Light Curve of X-Ray Binary Pulsars

abstract:
  We examine the published light curves (LCs) of 117 X-ray binary pulsars,
focusing on the dependence of their light curves on the observed energy bands.
It is found that the energy dependence of the LCs appears only when the X-ray
luminosity is larger than ~ 5 x 10^36 erg/s. Assuming that the behavior of
light curve is related to the radiative accretion column on the neutron star
surface, this energy threshold can be considered as the observational proof of
the accretion column formation proposed by Basko and Sunyaev. Once we can grasp
the existence of radiative column, we can also obtain several useful
informations on the neutron star properties. As an instance, we perform the
statistical analysis of the orientation angle of the magnetic axis, and we find
that the inclination angle of magnetic axis should be small in order to explain
the observed statistics.


title:
A sub-horizon framework for probing the relationship between the
  cosmological matter distribution and metric perturbations

abstract:
  The relationship between the metric and nonrelativistic matter distribution
depends on the theory of gravity and additional fields, providing a possible
way of distinguishing competing theories. With the assumption that the geometry
and kinematics of the homogeneous universe have been measured to sufficient
accuracy, we present a procedure for understanding and testing the relationship
between the cosmological matter distribution and metric perturbations (along
with their respective evolution) using the ratio of the physical size of the
perturbation to the size of the horizon as our small expansion parameter. We
expand around Newtonian gravity on linear, subhorizon scales with coefficient
functions in front of the expansion parameter. Our framework relies on an
ansatz which ensures that (i) the Poisson equation is recovered on small scales
(ii) the metric variables (and any additional fields) are generated and
supported by the nonrelativistic matter overdensity. The scales for which our
framework is intended are small enough so that cosmic variance does not
significantly limit the accuracy of the measurements and large enough to avoid
complications from nonlinear effects and baryon cooling. The coefficient
functions provide a general framework for contrasting the consequences of
Lambda CDM and its alternatives. We calculate the coefficient functions for
general relativity with a cosmological constant and dark matter, GR with dark
matter and quintessence, scalar-tensor theories, f(R) gravity and braneworld
models. We identify a possibly unique signature of braneworld models.
Constraining the coefficient functions provides a streamlined approach for
testing gravity in a scale dependent manner. We briefly discuss the
observations best suited for an application of our framework.


title:
Systems level circuit model of C. elegans undulatory locomotion:
  mathematical modeling and molecular genetics

abstract:
  To establish the relationship between locomotory behavior and dynamics of
neural circuits in the nematode C. elegans we combined molecular and
theoretical approaches. In particular, we quantitatively analyzed the motion of
C. elegans with defective synaptic GABA and acetylcholine transmission,
defective muscle calcium signaling, and defective muscles and cuticle
structures, and compared the data with our systems level circuit model. The
major experimental findings are: (i) anterior-to-posterior gradients of body
bending flex for almost all strains both for forward and backward motion, and
for neuronal mutants, also analogous weak gradients of undulatory frequency,
(ii) existence of some form of neuromuscular (stretch receptor) feedback, (iii)
invariance of neuromuscular wavelength, (iv) biphasic dependence of frequency
on synaptic signaling, and (v) decrease of frequency with increase of the
muscle time constant. Based on (i) we hypothesize that the Central Pattern
Generator (CPG) is located in the head both for forward and backward motion.
Points (i) and (ii) are the starting assumptions for our theoretical model,
whose dynamical patterns are qualitatively insensitive to the details of the
CPG design if stretch receptor feedback is sufficiently strong and slow. The
model reveals that stretch receptor coupling in the body wall is critical for
generation of the neuromuscular wave. Our model agrees with our behavioral
data(iii), (iv), and (v), and with other pertinent published data, e.g., that
frequency is an increasing function of muscle gap-junction coupling.


title:
Suppression of spin-polarization in graphene nanoribbon by edge defect
  and impurity

abstract:
  We investigate the effect of edge defects (vacancies) and impurities
(substitutional dopants) on the robustness of spin-polarization in graphene
nanoribbons (GNRs) with zigzag edges, using density-functional-theory
calculations. We found that the stability of the spin state and its magnetic
moments decrease continuously with increasing concentration of defects or
impurities. The system generally becomes non-magnetic at the concentration of
one edge defect (impurity) per 10 angstrom. The spin suppression is shown to be
caused by reduction and removal of edge states at the Fermi energy. Our
analysis implies an important criterion on the GNR samples for spintronics
applications.


title: The Infrared Astronomical Mission AKARI

abstract:
  AKARI, the first Japanese satellite dedicated to infrared astronomy, was
launched on 2006 February 21, and started observations in May of the same year.
AKARI has a 68.5 cm cooled telescope, together with two focal-plane
instruments, which survey the sky in six wavelength bands from the mid- to
far-infrared. The instruments also have the capability for imaging and
spectroscopy in the wavelength range 2 - 180 micron in the pointed observation
mode, occasionally inserted into the continuous survey operation. The in-orbit
cryogen lifetime is expected to be one and a half years. The All-Sky Survey
will cover more than 90 percent of the whole sky with higher spatial resolution
and wider wavelength coverage than that of the previous IRAS all-sky survey.
Point source catalogues of the All-Sky Survey will be released to the
astronomical community. The pointed observations will be used for deep surveys
of selected sky areas and systematic observations of important astronomical
targets. These will become an additional future heritage of this mission.


title: Flight Performance of the AKARI Cryogenic System

abstract:
  We describe the flight performance of the cryogenic system of the infrared
astronomical satellite AKARI, which was successfully launched on 2006 February
21 (UT). AKARI carries a 68.5 cm telescope together with two focal plane
instruments, Infrared Cameras (IRC) and Far Infrared Surveyor (FIS), all of
which are cooled down to cryogenic temperature to achieve superior sensitivity.
The AKARI cryogenic system is a unique hybrid system, which consists of cryogen
(liquid helium) and mechanical coolers (2-stage Stirling coolers). With the
help of the mechanical coolers, 179 L (26.0 kg) of super-fluid liquid helium
can keep the instruments cryogenically cooled for more than 500 days. The
on-orbit performance of the AKARI cryogenics is consistent with the design and
pre-flight test, and the boil-off gas flow rate is as small as 0.32 mg/s. We
observed the increase of the major axis of the AKARI orbit, which can be
explained by the thrust due to thermal pressure of vented helium gas.


title:
Theory of oxidation/reduction-induced chromium ion valence
  transformations in Cr,Ca:YAG crystals

abstract:
  In their paper [Opt. Mater. 24, 333, 2003], Feldman et al conducted an
experimental study of the dynamics of chromium ion valence transformations in
Cr,Ca:YAG crystals among the trivalent Cr3+ state, and two tetravalent Cr4+
ones, of octahedral and tetrahedral coordination. The temperatures used ranged
between ~800 and 1,000 C. The basic effects are the transition of Cr3+ into
Cr4+ under high-temperature annealing in an oxidizing atmosphere, and the
reverse transition under a reducing atmosphere, or in vacuum. In the present
theory, we interpret the processes by oxygen-vacancy diffusion in the bulk of
the YAG. The quasi-chemical reaction VO2- + Cr4+ = Cr3+/VO- between the
chromium ions and the vacancies VO2- is responsible for the valence
transformations. Dynamical analysis provides profiles of the Cr3+ and Cr4+
concentrations in the crystal during oxidation and during reduction. Reaction
rate profiles are also calculated, establishing the reaction front position and
width. A comparison with existing experimental results on the integrated Cr4+
concentration as a function of time during oxidation [Opt. Mater. 24, 333,
2003] shows reasonable agreement.


title: Shock Waves in Nanomechanical Resonators

abstract:
  The dream of every surfer is an extremely steep wave propagating at the
highest speed possible. The best waves for this would be shock waves, but are
very hard to surf. In the nanoscopic world the same is true: the surfers in
this case are electrons riding through nanomechanical devices on acoustic waves
[1]. Naturally, this has a broad range of applications in sensor technology and
for communication electronics for which the combination of an electronic and a
mechanical degree of freedom is essential. But this is also of interest for
fundamental aspects of nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS), when it comes to
quantum limited displacement detection [2] and the control of phonon number
states [3]. Here, we study the formation of shock waves in a NEMS resonator
with an embedded two-dimensional electron gas using surface acoustic waves. The
mechanical displacement of the nano-resonator is read out via the induced
acoustoelectric current. Applying acoustical standing waves we are able to
determine the anomalous acoustocurrent. This current is only found in the
regime of shock wave formation. We ontain very good agreement with model
calculations.


title:
Confirming the Detection of an Intergalactic X-ray Absorber Toward PKS
  2155-304

abstract:
  We present new observations on PKS 2155-304 with the Chandra Low Energy
Transmission Grating Spectrometer (LETG), using the Advanced CCD Imaging
Spectrometer (ACIS). We confirm the detection of an absorption line plausibly
identified as OVIII Ly-alpha from the warm-hot intergalactic medium associated
with a small group of galaxies along the line of sight, as originally reported
by Fang et al. 2002 (here after FANG02). Combining the previous observations in
FANG02 and five new, long observations on the same target, we increase the
total exposure time by a factor of three, and the total counts per resolution
element by a factor of five. The measured line equivalent width is smaller than
that observed in FANG02, but still consistent at 90% confidence. We also
analyze the XMM-Newton observations on the same target, as well as observations
using the Chandra LETG and the High Resolution Camera (HRC) combination. These
observations have been used to challenge our reported detection. While no line
is seen in either the XMM-Newton and the Chandra LETG+HRC data, we find that
our result is consistent with the upper limits from both data sets. We
attribute the non-detection to (1) higher quality of the Chandra LETG+ACIS
spectrum, and (2) the rather extended wings of the line spread functions of
both the XMM RGS and the Chandra LETG+HRC. We discuss the implication of our
observation on the temperature and density of the absorber. We also confirm the
detection of z ~ 0 OVII absorption and, comparing with previous Chandra
analysis, we obtain much tighter constraints on the line properties.


title: Polarized Structure of Nucleon in the Valon Representation

abstract:
  We have utilized the concept of valon model to calculate the spin structure
functions of proton, neutron and deuteron. The valon structure itself is
universal and arises from the perturbative dressing of the valence quark in
QCD. Our results agree rather well with all the relevant experimental data on
$g_{1}^{p, n, d}$ and $g_{A}/g_{v}$, and suggests that the sea quark
contribution to the spin of proton is consistent with zero. It also reveals
that while the total quark contribution to the spin of valon is almost constant
at $Q^{2}>=1$ the gluon contribution grows with the increase of $Q^2$ and hence
requiring a sizable negative orbital angular momentum component $L_z$. This
component along with the singlet and non-singlet parts are calculated in the
Next-to-Leading order in QCD. We speculate that gluon contribution to the spin
content of the proton is about 60% for all $Q^2$ values. Finally, we show that
the size of gluon polarization and hence, $L_{z}$, is sensitive to the initial
scale$Q_{0}^{2}$.


title:
Active elastic dimers: self-propulsion and current reversal on a
  featureless track

abstract:
  We present a Brownian inchworm model of a self-propelled elastic dimer in the
absence of an external potential. Nonequilibrium noise together with a
stretch-dependent damping form the propulsion mechanism. Our model connects
three key nonequilibrium features -- position-velocity correlations, a nonzero
mean internal force, and a drift velocity. Our analytical results, including
striking current reversals, compare very well with numerical simulations. The
model unifies the propulsion mechanisms of DNA helicases, polar rods on a
vibrated surface, crawling keratocytes and Myosin VI. We suggest experimental
realizations and tests of the model.


title:
Influence of finite baryon density on hadronization in nucleus-nucleus
  collisions via recombination

abstract:
  In this paper is investigated the influence of net baryon density on baryon
and meson yields in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions, based on the
recombination model for hadronization. Unitarity condition is used as a
constraint on the model. Three cases with different assumptions on the
expansion of partonic system are considered and the baryon to meson ratio is
calculated for those situations.


title:
Discovery of a bright transient ultraluminous X-ray source Suzaku
  J1305-4931 in NGC 4945

abstract:
  This paper reports the discovery of a bright X-ray transient source, Suzaku
J1305-4913, in the south-west arm of the nearby Seyfert II galaxy NGC 4945. It
was detected at a 0.5 -- 10 keV flux of $2.2 \times 10^{-12}$ erg cm$^{-2}$
s$^{-1}$ during the Suzaku observation conducted on 2006 January 15 -- 17, but
was undetectable in a shorter observation on 2005 August 22 --23, with an upper
limit of $1.7 \times 10^{-14}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ (90% confidence level).
At a distance of 3.7 Mpc, the bolometric luminosity of the source becomes
$L_{\rm bol} = 4.4 \times 10^{39} \alpha$ erg s$^{-1}$, where $\alpha = (\cos
60^\circ / \cos i)$ and $i$ is the disk inclination. Therefore, the source is
classified into so-called ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). The time-averaged
X-ray spectrum of the source is described by a multi-color disk model, with the
innermost accretion disk temperature of $T_{\rm in} = 1.69_{-0.05}^{+0.06}$
keV. During the 2006 January observation, it varied by a factor of 2 in
intensity, following a clear correlation of $L_{\rm bol} \propto T_{\rm in}^4$.
It is inferred that the innermost disk radius $R_{\rm in}$ stayed constant at
$R_{\rm in} = 79_{-3.9}^{+4.0} \alpha^{1/2}$ km, suggesting the presence of a
standard accretion disk. Relating $R_{\rm in}$ with the last stable orbit
around a non-rotating black hole yields a rather low black hole mass, $\sim 9
\alpha^{1/2}$ solar masses, which would imply that the source is shining at a
luminosity of $\sim3 \alpha^{1/2} $ times the Eddington limit. These results
can be better interpreted by invoking sub-Eddington emission from a rapidly
spinning black hole with a mass of 20 -- 130 solar masses.


title: Schramm-Loewner Equations Driven by Symmetric Stable Processes

abstract:
  We consider shape, size and regularity of the hulls of the chordal
Schramm-Loewner evolution driven by a symmetric alpha-stable process. We obtain
derivative estimates, show that the complements of the hulls are Hoelder
domains, prove that the hulls have Hausdorff dimension 1, and show that the
trace is right-continuous with left limits almost surely.


title:
Precision Test of Mass Ratio Variations with Lattice-Confined Ultracold
  Molecules

abstract:
  We propose a precision measurement of time variations of the proton-electron
mass ratio using ultracold molecules in an optical lattice. Vibrational energy
intervals are sensitive to changes of the mass ratio. In contrast to
measurements that use hyperfine-interval-based atomic clocks, the scheme
discussed here is model-independent and does not require separation of time
variations of different physical constants. The possibility of applying the
zero-differential-Stark-shift optical lattice technique is explored to measure
vibrational transitions at high accuracy.


title:
Supersolidity from defect-condensation in the extended boson Hubbard
  model

abstract:
  We study the ground state phase diagram of the hard-core extended boson
Hubbard model on the square lattice with both nearest- (nn) and
next-nearest-neighbor (nnn) hopping and repulsion, using Gutzwiller mean field
theory and quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We observe the formation of
supersolid states with checkerboard, striped, and quarter-filled crystal
structures, when the system is doped away from commensurate fillings. In the
striped supersolid phase, a strong anisotropy in the superfluid density is
obtained from the simulations; however, the transverse component remains
finite, indicating a true two-dimensional superflow. We find that upon doping,
the striped supersolid transitions directly into the supersolid with
quarter-filled crystal structure, via a first-order stripe melting transition.


title: Launch of the Space experiment PAMELA

abstract:
  PAMELA is a satellite borne experiment designed to study with great accuracy
cosmic rays of galactic, solar, and trapped nature in a wide energy range
protons: 80 MeV-700 GeV, electrons 50 MeV-400 GeV). Main objective is the study
of the antimatter component: antiprotons (80 MeV-190 GeV), positrons (50
MeV-270 GeV) and search for antimatter with a precision of the order of 10^-8).
The experiment, housed on board the Russian Resurs-DK1 satellite, was launched
on June, 15, 2006 in a 350*600 km orbit with an inclination of 70 degrees. The
detector is composed of a series of scintillator counters arranged at the
extremities of a permanent magnet spectrometer to provide charge,
Time-of-Flight and rigidity information. Lepton/hadron identification is
performed by a Silicon-Tungsten calorimeter and a Neutron detector placed at
the bottom of the device. An Anticounter system is used offline to reject false
triggers coming from the satellite. In self-trigger mode the Calorimeter, the
neutron detector and a shower tail catcher are capable of an independent
measure of the lepton component up to 2 TeV. In this work we describe the
experiment, its scientific objectives and the performance in the first months
after launch.


title:
Formation of bulk ferromagnetic nanostructured Fe40Ni40P14B6 alloys by
  metastable liquid spinodal decomposition

abstract:
  Nanostructured Fe40Ni40P14B6 alloys ingots of diameter 3~5 mm could be
synthesised by a metastable liquid state spinodal decomposition method. The
molten Fe40Ni40P14B6 alloy was purified by means of the fluxing technique and
thus a large undercooling could be achieved. For undercooling Delta T > 260 K,
the microstructure of the undercooled specimen had exhibited liquid state
spinodal decomposition in the undercooled liquid state. The microstructure
could be described as two intertwining networks with small grains dispersed in
them. For undercooling Delta T > 290 K, the overall microstructure of the
specimen changed into a granular morphology. The average grain sizes of the
small and large grains are ~ 30 nm and ~ 80 nm, respectively. These prepared
samples are soft magnets with saturation magnetization Bs ~0.744 T.


title:
1+1+2 Electromagnetic perturbations on non-vacuum LRS class II
  space-times: Decoupling scalar and 2-vector harmonic amplitudes

abstract:
  We use the covariant and gauge-invariant 1+1+2 formalism of Clarkson and
Barrett \cite{Clarkson2003} to analyze electromagnetic (EM) perturbations on
non-vacuum {\it locally rotationally symmetric} (LRS) class II space-times.
Ultimately, we show how to derive six real decoupled equations governing the
total of six EM scalar and 2-vector harmonic amplitudes. Four of these are new,
and result from expanding the complex EM 2-vector which we defined in
\cite{Burston2007} in terms of EM 2-vector harmonic amplitudes. We are then
able to show that there are four precise combinations of the amplitudes that
decouple, two of these are polar perturbations whereas the remaining two are
axial. The remaining two decoupled equations are the generalized Regge-Wheeler
equations which were developed previously in \cite{Betschart2004}, and these
govern the two EM scalar harmonic amplitudes. However, our analysis generalizes
this by including a full description and classification of energy-momentum
sources, such as charges and currents.


title:
1+1+2 Electromagnetic perturbations on general LRS space-times:
  Regge-Wheeler and Bardeen-Press equations

abstract:
  We use the, covariant and gauge-invariant, 1+1+2 formalism developed by
Clarkson and Barrett, and develop new techniques, to decouple electromagnetic
(EM) perturbations on arbitrary locally rotationally symmetric (LRS)
space-times. Ultimately, we derive 3 decoupled complex equations governing 3
complex scalars. One of these is a new Regge-Wheeler (RW) equation generalized
for LRS space-times, whereas the remaining two are new generalizations of the
Bardeen-Press (BP) equations. This is achieved by first using linear algebra
techniques to rewrite the first-order Maxwell equations in a new complex 1+1+2
form which is conducive to decoupling. This new complex system immediately
yields the generalized RW equation, and furthermore, we also derive a decoupled
equation governing a newly defined complex EM 2-vector. Subsequently, a further
decomposition of the 1+1+2 formalism into a 1+1+1+1 formalism is developed,
allowing us to decompose the complex EM 2-vector, and its governing equations,
into spin-weighted scalars, giving rise to the generalized BP equations.


title:
1+1+2 gravitational perturbations on LRS class II space-times:
  Decoupling GEM tensor harmonic amplitudes

abstract:
  This paper considers gauge-invariant and covariant gravitational
perturbations on arbitrary vacuum locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) class II
space-times. Ultimately, we derive four decoupled equations governing four
specific combinations of the gravito-electromagnetic (GEM) 2-tensor harmonic
amplitudes. We use the gauge-invariant and covariant 1+1+2 formalism which
Clarkson and Barrett developed for analysis of vacuum Schwarzschild
perturbations. In particular we focus on the first-order 1+1+2 GEM system and
use linear algebra techniques suitable for exploiting its structure.
Consequently, we express the GEM system new 1+1+2 complex form by choosing new
complex GEM tensors, which is conducive to decoupling. We then show how to
derive a gauge-invariant and covariant decoupled equation governing a newly
defined complex GEM 2-tensor. Finally, the GEM 2-tensor is expanded in terms of
arbitrary tensor harmonics and linear algebra is used once again to decouple
the system further into 4 real decoupled equations.


title: On Dissipative Quadratic Stochastic Operators

abstract:
  In present paper we introduce the notion of dissipative quadratic stochastic
operator and cubic stochastic operator. We prove necessary conditions for
dissipativity of quadratic stochastic operators. Besides, it is studied certain
limit behavior of such operators. Finally we prove ergodic theorem for
dissipative operators.


title: Galaxy growth in the concordance $\Lambda$CDM cosmology

abstract:
  We use galaxy and dark halo data from the public database for the Millennium
Simulation to study the growth of galaxies in the De Lucia et al. (2006) model
for galaxy formation. Previous work has shown this model to reproduce many
aspects of the systematic properties and the clustering of real galaxies, both
in the nearby universe and at high redshift. It assumes the stellar masses of
galaxies to increase through three processes, major mergers, the accretion of
smaller satellite systems, and star formation. We show the relative importance
of these three modes to be a strong function of stellar mass and of redshift.
Galaxy growth through major mergers depends strongly on stellar mass, but only
weakly on redshift. Except for massive systems, minor mergers contribute more
to galaxy growth than major mergers at all redshifts and at all stellar masses.
For galaxies significantly less massive than the Milky Way, star formation
dominates the growth at all epochs. For galaxies significantly more massive
than the Milky Way, growth through mergers is the dominant process at all
epochs. At a stellar mass of $6\times 10^{10}M_\odot$, star formation dominates
at $z>1$ and mergers at later times. At every stellar mass, the growth rates
through star formation increase rapidly with increasing redshift. Specific star
formation rates are a decreasing function of stellar mass not only at $z=0$ but
also at all higher redshifts. For comparison, we carry out a similar analysis
of the growth of dark matter halos. In contrast to the galaxies, growth rates
depend strongly on redshift, but only weakly on mass. They agree qualitatively
with analytic predictions for halo growth.


title: Reducing variance in univariate smoothing

abstract:
  A variance reduction technique in nonparametric smoothing is proposed: at
each point of estimation, form a linear combination of a preliminary estimator
evaluated at nearby points with the coefficients specified so that the
asymptotic bias remains unchanged. The nearby points are chosen to maximize the
variance reduction. We study in detail the case of univariate local linear
regression. While the new estimator retains many advantages of the local linear
estimator, it has appealing asymptotic relative efficiencies. Bandwidth
selection rules are available by a simple constant factor adjustment of those
for local linear estimation. A simulation study indicates that the finite
sample relative efficiency often matches the asymptotic relative efficiency for
moderate sample sizes. This technique is very general and has a wide range of
applications.


title: Proposal for exotic-hadron search by fragmentation functions

abstract:
  It is proposed that fragmentation functions should be used to identify exotic
hadrons. As an example, fragmentation functions of the scalar meson f_0(980)
are investigated. It is pointed out that the second moments and functional
forms of the u- and s-quark fragmentation functions can distinguish the
tetraquark structure from $q\bar q$. By the global analysis of f_0 (980)
production data in electron-positron annihilation, its fragmentation functions
and their uncertainties are determined. It is found that the current available
data are not sufficient to determine its internal structure, while precise data
in future should be able to identify exotic quark configurations.


title: Dark energy and cosmic curvature: Monte-Carlo Markov Chain approach

abstract:
  We use the Monte-Carlo Markov Chain method to explore the dark energy
property and the cosmic curvature by fitting two popular dark energy
parameterizations to the observational data. The new 182 gold supernova Ia data
and the ESSENCE data both give good constraint on the DE parameters and the
cosmic curvature for the dark energy model $w_0+w_a z/(1+z)$. The cosmic
curvature is found to be $|\Omega_k|\la 0.03$. For the dark energy model
$w_0+w_a z/(1+z)^2$, the ESSENCE data gives better constraint on the cosmic
curvature and we get $|\Omega_k|\leq 0.02$.


title:
Computational Simulation and 3D Virtual Reality Engineering Tools for
  Dynamical Modeling and Imaging of Composite Nanomaterials

abstract:
  An adventure at engineering design and modeling is possible with a Virtual
Reality Environment (VRE) that uses multiple computer-generated media to let a
user experience situations that are temporally and spatially prohibiting. In
this paper, an approach to developing some advanced architecture and modeling
tools is presented to allow multiple frameworks work together while being
shielded from the application program. This architecture is being developed in
a framework of workbench interactive tools for next generation
nanoparticle-reinforced damping/dynamic systems. Through the use of system, an
engineer/programmer can respectively concentrate on tailoring an engineering
design concept of novel system and the application software design while using
existing databases/software outputs.


title: Quasi-Nilpotent Operators on Locally Convex Spaces

abstract:
  In this article we extend the notion of quasi-nilpotent equivalent operators,
introduced by Colojoara and Foias \cite{co1} for Banach spaces, to the class of
bounded operators on sequentially complete locally convex spaces.


title: Confidence sets for split points in decision trees

abstract:
  We investigate the problem of finding confidence sets for split points in
decision trees (CART). Our main results establish the asymptotic distribution
of the least squares estimators and some associated residual sum of squares
statistics in a binary decision tree approximation to a smooth regression
curve. Cube-root asymptotics with nonnormal limit distributions are involved.
We study various confidence sets for the split point, one calibrated using the
subsampling bootstrap, and others calibrated using plug-in estimates of some
nuisance parameters. The performance of the confidence sets is assessed in a
simulation study. A motivation for developing such confidence sets comes from
the problem of phosphorus pollution in the Everglades. Ecologists have
suggested that split points provide a phosphorus threshold at which biological
imbalance occurs, and the lower endpoint of the confidence set may be
interpreted as a level that is protective of the ecosystem. This is illustrated
using data from a Duke University Wetlands Center phosphorus dosing study in
the Everglades.


title:
Preliminary Results on Vibration Damping Properties of
  Nanoscale-Reinforced Composite Materials

abstract:
  The focus in this paper is an analysis of existing state of the arts directed
toward the development of the next generation of vibration damping systems. The
research work concentrates on an investigation related to
nanoparticles/fibres/tubes-reinforced materials and coatings dynamic
characterization and modeling of the fundamental phenomena that control
relationships between structure and damping/mechanical properties of the
materials. We simulated composite materials using finite element and mesh free
methods, using a hollow shell representation of the individual nanotube/fiber.
Results of the research work will provide a platform for the development of
nanoparticle-reinforced damping materials that are light-weight, vibration and
shock resistant. The outcome of the research work is expected to have
wide-ranging technical benefits with direct relevance to industry in areas of
transportation (aerospace, automotive, rail), electronics and civil
infrastructure development.


title:
Suspension of Nanoparticles in SU-8 and Characterization of
  Nanocomposite Properties

abstract:
  Gold nanospheres, single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT), and diamonoids were
phyically incorporated into the negative photoresist SU-8. the mixtures were
spin cast onto silicon or aluminium coated silicon wafers. ASTM standard D638
tensile specimens were lithographically patterned in the materials and then
released from the substrate using Microchem'Omnicoat or an anodic metal
dissolution process. the residual stresses, elastic moduli, and viscosity of
the SU-8. Resistivity measurements of SU-8/SWNT nanocomposites were also
investigates. We found the effective modulus and viscosity of the SU-8 test
specimens decreases with the addition of diamantane and SWNTs. Additionally,
the SU-8/SWNT nanocomposites showed changes in resistivity with increased
strain, suggesting a gauge factor for the 1 wt% SU-8/SWNT nanocomposite of
approximately 2-4.


title:
Landscape phage, phage display, stripped phage, biosensors, detection,
  affinity reagent, nanotechnology, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus anthracis

abstract:
  Filamentous phage, such as fd used in this study, are thread-shaped bacterial
viruses. Their outer coat is a tube formed by thousands equal copies of the
major coat protein pVIII. We constructed libraries of random peptides fused to
all pVIII domains and selected phages that act as probes specific for a panel
of test antigens and biological threat agents. Because the viral carrier is
infective, phage borne bio-selective probes can be cloned individually and
propagated indefinitely without needs of their chemical synthesis or
reconstructing. We demonstrated the feasibility of using landscape phages and
their stripped fusion proteins as new bioselective materials that combine
unique characteristics of affinity reagents and self assembling membrane
proteins. Biorecognition layers fabricated from phage-derived probes bind
biological agents and generate detectable signals. The performance of
phage-derived materials as biorecognition films was illustrated by detection of
streptavidin-coated beads, Bacillus anthracis spores and Salmonella typhimurium
cells. With further refinement, the phage-derived analytical platforms for
detecting and monitoring of numerous threat agents may be developed, since the
biodetector films may be obtained from landscape phages selected against any
bacteria, virus or toxin. As elements of field-use detectors, they are superior
to antibodies, since they are inexpensive, highly specific and strong binders,
resistant to high temperatures and environmental stresses.


title:
The deffect effect on electronic conductance in binomially tailored
  quantum wire

abstract:
  The paper considers the effect of the defects on the electronic transmission
properties in binomially tailored waveguide quantum wires, in which each Dirac
delta function potential strength have been weight on the binomial distribution
law. We have assumed that a single free-electron channel is incident on the
structure and the scattering of electrons is solely from the geometric nature
of the problem. We have used the transfer matrix method to study the electron
transmission. We found this novel structure has a good defect tolerance. We
found the structure tolerate up to in strength defect and in position defect
for the central Dirac delta function in the binomial distribution. Also, we
found this structure can tolerate both defect up to in strength and in position
dislocation


title: Events and observables in generally invariant spacetime theories

abstract:
  We address the problem of observables in generally invariant spacetime
theories such as Einstein's general relativity. Using the refined notion of an
event as a ``point-coincidence'' between scalar fields that completely
characterise a spacetime model, we propose a generalisation of the relational
local observables that does not require the existence of four everywhere
invertible scalar fields. The collection of all point-coincidences forms in
generic situations a four-dimensional manifold, that is naturally identified
with the physical spacetime.


title: Methods for The Testing of Nanopowder

abstract:
  Methods for the testing of nanopowders produced by wires electric explosion
were considered. The following characteristics were proposed for the testing of
nanopowders : main substance content, characteristic sizes of particles,
specific surface area etc..


title:
Modeling Atmospheric Neutrino Interactions: Duality Constrained
  Parameterization of Vector and Axial Nucleon Form Factors

abstract:
  We present new parameterizations of vector and axial nucleon form factors. We
maintain an excellent descriptions of the form factors at low momentum
transfers, where the spatial structure of the nucleon is important, and use the
Nachtman scaling variable \xi to relate elastic and inelastic form factors and
impose quark-hadron duality constraints at high momentum transfers where the
quark structure dominates. We use the new vector form factors to re-extract
updated values of the axial form factor from neutrino experiments on deuterium.
We obtain an updated world average value from neutrino and pion
electroproduction experiments of M_A = 1.0144 +- 0.0136 GeV/c2. Our
parameterizations are useful in modeling atmospheric neutrino interactions
(e.g. for neutrino oscillations experiments)


title:
Structure And Properties of Nanoparticles Formed under Conditions of
  Wire Electrical Explosion

abstract:
  Structure and properties of nanoparticles formed under conditions of wire
electrical explosion were studied. It was shown that the state of WEE power
particles can be characterized as a metastable state. It leads to an increased
stability of nanopowders at normal temperatures and an increased reactivity
during heating, which is revealed in the form of threshold phenomena.


title:
Spatial Distributions of Cold and Warm Interstellar Dust in M101
  Resolved with AKARI/Far-Infrared Surveyor (FIS)

abstract:
  The nearby face-on spiral galaxy M101 has been observed with the Far-Infrared
Surveyor (FIS) onboard AKARI. The far-infrared four-band images reveal fine
spatial structures of M101, which include global spiral patterns, giant HII
regions embedded in outer spiral arms, and a bar-like feature crossing the
center. The spectral energy distribution of the whole galaxy shows the presence
of the cold dust component (18 K) in addition to the warm dust component (55
K). The distribution of the cold dust is mostly concentrated near the center,
and exhibits smoothly distributed over the entire extent of the galaxy, whereas
the distribution of the warm dust indicates some correlation with the spiral
arms, and has spotty structures such as four distinctive bright spots in the
outer disk in addition to a bar-like feature near the center tracing the CO
intensity map. The star-formation activity of the giant HII regions that
spatially correspond to the former bright spots is found to be significantly
higher than that of the rest of the galaxy. The latter warm dust distribution
implies that there are significant star-formation activities in the entire bar
filled with molecular clouds. Unlike our Galaxy, M101 is a peculiar normal
galaxy with extraordinary active star-forming regions.


title:
Time-dependent gravitating solitons in five dimensional warped
  space-times

abstract:
  Time-dependent soliton solutions are explicitly derived in a five-dimensional
theory endowed with one (warped) extra-dimension. Some of the obtained
geometries, everywhere well defined and technically regular, smoothly
interpolate between two five-dimensional anti-de Sitter space-times for fixed
value of the conformal time coordinate. Time dependent solutions containing
both topological and non-topological sectors are also obtained. Supplementary
degrees of freedom can be also included and, in this case, the resulting
multi-soliton solutions may describe time-dependent kink-antikink systems.


title: Ultrasonic Production of Nano-Size Dispersions and Emulsions

abstract:
  Ultrasound is a well-established method for particle size reduction in
dispersions and emulsions. Ultrasonic processors are used in the generation of
nano-size material slurries, dispersions and emulsions because of the potential
in the deagglomeration and the reduction of primaries. These are the mechanical
effects of ultrasonic cavitation. Ultrasound can also be used to influence
chemical reactions by the cavitation energy. This is sonochemistry. As the
market for nano-size materials grows, the demand for ultrasonic processes at
production level increases. At this stage, energy efficiency becomes important.
Since the energy required per weight or volume of processed material links
directly to the equipment size required, optimization of the process efficiency
is essential to reduce investment and operational costs. Furthermore it is
required to scale the lab and bench top configurations to this final level
without any variations in the process achievements. Scale up by power alone
will not do this.


title: High-frequency modes in solar-like stars

abstract:
  p-mode oscillations in solar-like stars are excited by the outer convection
zone in these stars and reflected close to the surface. The p-modes are trapped
inside an acoustic cavity, but the modes only stay trapped up to a given
frequency (known as the acoustic cut-off frequency) as modes with larger
frequencies are generally not reflected at the surface. This means that modes
with frequency larger than the acoustic cut-off frequency must be traveling
waves. The high-frequency modes may provide information about the physics in
the outer layers of the stars and the excitation source and are therefore
highly interesting as it is the estimation of these two phenomena that causes
some of the largest uncertainties when calculating stellar oscillations.
High-frequency modes have been detected in the Sun, beta Hydri and in alpha Cen
A & B by smoothing the so-called echelle diagram and the large frequency
separation as a function of frequency have been estimated. The large frequency
separation has been compared with a simple model of the acoustic cavity which
suggests that the reflectivity of the photosphere is larger at high frequency
than predicted by standard models of the solar atmosphere and that the depth of
the excitation source is larger than what has been estimated by other models
and might depend on the order n and degree l of the modes.


title:
Numerical Simulation of The Mechanical Properties of Nanoscale Metal
  Clusters Using The Atomistic-Continuum Mechanics Method

abstract:
  A novel atomistic-continuum method (ACM) based on finite element method (FEM)
is proposed to numerically simulate the nano-scaled Poisson's ratio and Young's
modulus effect of Lithium (Li) body-centered cubic (BCC) structure. The
potential energy between Li atoms is described by the Morse potential function
[1]. The pre-force effect will be discussed due to the different Li lattice
length between experimental lattice constant and diatom distance from Morse
function. Moreover, the size effect of the nano-scaled Li cluster will be
introduced.


title: CMOL: Second Life for Silicon?

abstract:
  This report is a brief review of the recent work on architectures for the
prospective hybrid CMOS/nanowire/ nanodevice ("CMOL") circuits including
digital memories, reconfigurable Boolean-logic circuits, and mixed-signal
neuromorphic networks. The basic idea of CMOL circuits is to combine the
advantages of CMOS technology (including its flexibility and high fabrication
yield) with the extremely high potential density of molecular-scale
two-terminal nanodevices. Relatively large critical dimensions of CMOS
components and the "bottom-up" approach to nanodevice fabrication may keep CMOL
fabrication costs at affordable level. At the same time, the density of active
devices in CMOL circuits may be as high as 1012 cm2 and that they may provide
an unparalleled information processing performance, up to 1020 operations per
cm2 per second, at manageable power consumption.


title: Bottom-Up Approach to Silicon Nanoelectronics

abstract:
  This paper presents a brief review of our recent work investigating a novel
bottom-up approach to realize silicon based nanoelectronics. We discuss
fabrication technique, electronic properties and device applications of silicon
nanodots as a building block for nanoscale silicon devices.


title:
Fundamental Building Blocks for The Design of A Single-electron
  Nanoelectronic Processor

abstract:
  A single-electron random access memory array (RAM) and a single-electron
universal Fredkin gate are designed and simulated. The universality of the
Fredkin gate in combination with the RAM gives the potential of the realization
of an elementary single-electron nanoelectronic processor.


title:
Using Multi-Threshold Threshold Gates in RTD-based Logic Design. A Case
  Study

abstract:
  The basic building blocks for Resonant Tunnelling Diode (RTD) logic circuits
are Threshold Gates (TGs) instead of the conventional Boolean gates (AND, OR,
NAND, NOR) due to the fact that, when designing with RTDs, threshold gates can
be implemented as efficiently as conventional ones, but realize more complex
functions. Recently, RTD structures implementing Multi-Threshold Threshold
Gates (MTTGs) have been proposed which further increase the functionality of
the original TGs while maintaining their operating principle and allowing also
the implementation of nanopipelining at the gate level. This paper describes
the design of n-bit adders using these MTTGs. A comparison with a design based
on TGs is carried out showing advantages in terms of latency, device counts and
power consumption.


title: Fast rates for support vector machines using Gaussian kernels

abstract:
  For binary classification we establish learning rates up to the order of
$n^{-1}$ for support vector machines (SVMs) with hinge loss and Gaussian RBF
kernels. These rates are in terms of two assumptions on the considered
distributions: Tsybakov's noise assumption to establish a small estimation
error, and a new geometric noise condition which is used to bound the
approximation error. Unlike previously proposed concepts for bounding the
approximation error, the geometric noise assumption does not employ any
smoothness assumption.


title:
A Design of an Autonomous Molecule Loading/Transporting/Unloading System
  Using DNA Hybridization and Biomolecular Linear Motors

abstract:
  This paper describes a design of a molecular propagation system in molecular
communication. Molecular communication is a new communication paradigm where
biological and artificially-created nanomachines communicate over a short
distance using molecules. A molecular propagation system in molecular
communication directionally transports molecules from a sender to a receiver.
In the design described in this paper, protein filaments glide over immobilized
motor proteins along preconfigured microlithographic tracks, and the gliding
protein filaments carry and transport molecules from a sender to a receiver. In
the design, DNA hybridization is used to load and unload the molecules onto and
from the carriers at a sender and a receiver. In the design,
loading/transporting/unloading processes are autonomous and require no external
control.


title: Prototyping Bio-Nanorobots using Molecular Dynamics Simulation

abstract:
  This paper presents a molecular mechanics study using a molecular dynamics
software (NAMD) coupled to virtual reality (VR) techniques for intuitive
Bio-NanoRobotic prototyping. Using simulated Bio-Nano environments in VR, the
operator can design and characterize through physical simulation and 3-D
visualization the behavior of Bio-NanoRobotic components and structures. The
main novelty of the proposed simulations is based on the characterization of
stiffness performances of passive joints-based deca-alanine protein molecule
and active joints-based viral protein motor (VPL) in their native environment.
Their use as elementary Bio-NanoRobotic components (1 dof platform) are also
simulated and the results discussed.


title:
A Framework for Computing Transport Properties of Carbon Nanotube-based
  Conductance Biochemical Sensors

abstract:
  In this paper we present a framework for fast quantum conductance
calculations of carbon nanotube-based sensing devices targeting aromatic amino
acids within a tight binding approximation. The method begins by a novel
parameterization procedure based on isospectral matrix flows. With the properly
parameterized Hamiltonian we employ a linearly scaling algorithm to compute the
quantum conductance in the coherent transport regime. A few conclusions are
presented regarding the suitability of carbon nanotubes in aromatic amino acid
detection.


title: Zero temperature conductance of parallel T-shape double quantum dots

abstract:
  We analyze the zero temperature conductance of a parallel T-shaped double
quantum dot system. We present an analytical expression for the conductance of
the system in terms of the total number of electrons in both quantum dots. Our
results confirm that the system's conductance is strongly influenced by the dot
which is not directly connected to the leads. We discuss our results in
connection with similar results reported in the literature.


title: Electrical Characterisation of Ultra-thin SAM Structures

abstract:
  The way of reduction of metal oxyde semiconductor (MOS) structures is going
to reach limitations and new devices have to be explored as an alternative to
MOS technology. Molecular electronic and more particularly
self-assembly-molecular technique on silicon substrate gives interesting
results as seen in the literature. We are going to study n-alkyltrichlorosilane
grafting on oxidised silicon, characterise it macroscopically with ellipsometer
and goniometry measurements, and down to microscopic scale with atomic force
microscopy. Once the uniformity of the monolayer is verified (roughness of few
Angstr\"oms) we have tested a sputtering method deposition to form aluminium
dots onto the surface. Also metal-insulator-semiconductor diodes are tested
measuring both leakage current between gate and substrate and
capacitance-voltage. The sputtering method deposition can be improved in order
to decrease the gate leakage current and we would like to test another
evaporation method. Further application we want to study is gas sensors using
conjugated organic films or synthetic polymers and concerns the drift current
with gas absorption.


title:
Low Temperature Investigation of Electrical Conduction in Polysilicon:
  Simulation and Experiment

abstract:
  Investigation of electrical conduction in polysilicon nanowires (polySiNW)
with nanograins (5 to 20nm), based on Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and
electrical measurements from 4K to 300K are presented. Some irregular Coulomb
Oscillations (CO) are observed at temperatures lower than 200K showing several
period widths due to the random distribution in grain size (5-20nm). A
remarkable result consists in more effective oscillations observed at
intermediate range of temperatures (between 25K and 150K) and high drain
voltages. The temperature dependence of COs is explained by the fact that in a
multiple asymmetric dot system at low temperature, COs are observed not at the
lowest but at an intermediate temperature range, whereas the drain voltage
dependence is due to an enhanced non-resonant tunneling. MC simulations have
confirmed experimental observations.


title:
Measurements of CP Violation Parameters in B0 -> Kspi0pi0 and B0 -> KsKs
  Decays

abstract:
  We present a measurement of the CP violation parameters in B0 ->Kspi0pi0 and
B0 -> KsKs decays using a data sample containing 657x10^6 BBbar pairs collected
with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider operating
at the Y(4S) resonance. We measure
  SKspi0pi0 = +0.43+/-0.49+/-0.09,
  AKspi0pi0 = -0.17+/-0.24+/-0.06,
  SKsKs = -0.38+/-0.77+/-0.08 and
  AKsKs = -0.38+/-0.38+/-0.05,
  where the first and second errors are statistical and systematic,
respectively.


title:
Tunable Integrated-Optics Nanoscaled Devices Based on Magnetic Photonic
  Crystals

abstract:
  Magnetooptical properties of magnetic photonic crystals have been
investigated in the view of their possible applications for the modern
integrated-optics devices. A "transfer matrices" formalism was expanded for the
case of oblique light incidence on the periodic nanoscaled magnetic
multilayered systems. Several new effects such as the Faraday effect dependence
on the incidence angle and the tunability of the bandgap defect modes spectral
location by external magnetic fields were found. Several possibilities of
one-dimensional magnetic photonic crystals applications for the optical devices
are discussed. Initial steps towards the practical implementation of the
proposed devices are reported.


title: Measurements of Luminescence from Cleaved Silicon

abstract:
  This paper outlines the results from experiments performed to gain further
information about the structure and properties of cleaved silicon surfaces,
using vacuum cleavage luminescence detection methods. The experiments involved
detecting the luminescence produced by cleaving thin silicon plates within a
high vacuum, by a process of converting the luminescence to an amplified
electrical signal.


title:
Self-Organization of a 2D Lattice on a Surface of Ge Single Crystal
  after Irradiation with Yag: ND Laser

abstract:
  Experimentally observed self-organization of a 2D lattice on the surface of
Ge single crystal after irradiation by pulsed YAG: Nd laser is repoted. The
calculation of time depended distribution of temperature in bulk of the Ge
sample show that overheating of the crystal lattice occurs at laser radiation
intensities exceeding 30MW/cm2.The two temperature gradients are exists.


title:
Effects of Ox-LDL on Macrophages NAD(P)H Autofluorescence Changes by
  Two-photon Microscopy

abstract:
  Ox-LDL uptakes by macrophage play a critical role in the happening of
atherosclerosis. Because of its low damage on observed cells and better
signal-to- background ratio, two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy is
used to observe NAD(P)H autofluorescence of macrophage under difference
cultured conditions- bare cover glass, coated with fibronectin or
poly-D-lysine. The results show that the optimal condition is fibronectin
coated surface, on which, macrophages profile can be clearly identified on
NAD(P)H autofluorescence images collected by two-photon microscopy. Moreover,
different morphology and intensities of autofluorescence under different
conditions were observed as well. In the future, effects of ox-LDL on
macrophages will be investigated by purposed system to research etiology of
atherosclerosis.


title:
Transport Properties of a spinon Fermi surface coupled to a U(1) gauge
  field

abstract:
  With the organic compound $\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$-Cu$_2$(CN)$_3$ in mind, we
consider a spin liquid system where a spinon Fermi surface is coupled to a U(1)
gauge field. Using the non-equilibrium Green's function formalism, we derive
the Quantum Boltzmann Equation (QBE) for this system. In this system, however,
one cannot a priori assume the existence of Landau quasiparticles. We show that
even without this assumption one can still derive a linearized equation for a
generalized distribution function. We show that the divergence of the effective
mass and of the finite temperature self-energy do not enter these transport
coefficients and thus they are well-defined. Moreover, using a variational
method, we calculate the temperature dependence of the spin resistivity and
thermal conductivity of this system.


title:
Atomic-like behaviors and orbital-related Luttinger liquid in carbon
  nano-peapod quantum dots

abstract:
  We report influence of encapsulated C60 molecules on electron transport in
carbon-nanotube peapod quantum dots. We find atomic-like behaviors with doubly
degenerate electronic levels, which exist only around ground states, by single
electron spectroscopy measured at low back-gate voltages (Vbg). Correlation
with presence of nearly free electrons (NFEs) unique to the peapods is
discussed. Moreover, we find anomalously high values of power a observed in
power laws in conductance versus energy relationships, which are strongly
associated with the doubly degenerate levels. It is revealed that the powers
originate from Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid via the occupied doubly degenerate
levels. Our observations clarify that the encapsulated C60 molecules form
doubly degenerate levels only at ground state in peapod quantum dots and do not
eliminate a ballistic charge transport.


title: Synthesis, characterization, and application of carbon cubes

abstract:
  Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted increasing attention because of their
unique structural, mechanical, and electronic properties. Surface chemistry
modifications are also useful and critical to manipulate the adsorptive
properties of CNTs and develop their potential of environmental application.
Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to investigate the optimal
synthesis methods or characteristics identification of multiwall CNTs (MWCNTs)
and the environmental application of lead ions adsorptive removal by CNTs.
Experimentally, the MWCNTs of well-graphited walls were obtained with reductive
potassium metals of catalytic hexachlorobenzene-thermal routes in the presence
of Co/Ni catalyst precursors at 503-623 K for 8- 12 hr. The diameters of MWCNTs
ranged of 30-100 nm by TEM microphotos. In addition, fine structures or surface
chemical modification of MWCNTs or Co/Ni precursors were further identified by
EDS, XRPD, X-ray absorption near edge structural (XANES) or extended Xray
absorption fine structural (EXAFS) spectroscopy. 1.


title: A Wide-Field View of Leo II -- A Structural Analysis Using the SDSS

abstract:
  Using SDSS I data, we have analysed the stellar distribution of the Leo II
dwarf spheroidal galaxy (distance of 233 kpc) to search for evidence of tidal
deformation. The existing SDSS photometric catalogue contains gaps in regions
of high stellar crowding, hence we filled the area at the centre of Leo II
using the DAOPHOT algorithm applied to the SDSS images. The combined
DAOPHOT-SDSS dataset contains three-filter photometry over a 4x4 square degree
region centred on Leo II. By defining a mask in three-filter colour-magnitude
space, we removed the majority of foreground field stars. We have measured the
following Leo II structural parameters: a core radius of r_c = 2.64 +/- 0.19
arcmin (178 +/- 13 pc), a tidal radius of r_t = 9.33 +/- 0.47 arcmin (632 +/-
32 pc) and a total V-band luminosity of L_V = (7.4 +/- 2.0) times 10^5 L_sun
(M_V = -9.9 +/- 0.3). Our comprehensive analysis of the Leo II structure did
not reveal any significant signs of tidal distortion. The internal structure of
this object contains only mild isophotal twisting. A small overdensity was
discovered appoximately 4.5 tidal radii from the Leo II centre, however we
conclude it is unlikely to be material tidally stripped from Leo II based on
its stellar population, and is most likely a foreground overdensity of stars.
Our results indicate that the influence of the Galactic graviational field on
the structure of Leo II has been relatively mild. We rederived the
mass-to-light ratio of this system using existing kinematic data combined with
our improved structural measurements, and favour the scenario in which Leo II
is strongly dominated by dark matter with (M/L)_V ~ 100 in solar units.


title: AKARI infrared imaging of reflection nebulae IC4954 and IC4955

abstract:
  We present the observations of the reflection nebulae IC4954 and IC4955
region with the Infrared Camera (IRC) and the Far-Infrared Surveyor (FIS) on
board the infrared astronomical satellite AKARI during its performance
verification phase. We obtained 7 band images from 7 to 160um with higher
spatial resolution and higher sensitivities than previous observations. The
mid-infrared color of the S9W (9um) and L18W (18um) bands shows a systematic
variation around the exciting sources. The spatial variation in the
mid-infrared color suggests that the star-formation in IC4954/4955 is
progressing from south-west to north-east. The FIS data also clearly resolve
two nebulae for the first time in the far-infrared. The FIS 4-band data from
65um to 160um allow us to correctly estimate the total infrared luminosity from
the region, which is about one sixth of the energy emitted from the existing
stellar sources. Five candidates for young stellar objects have been detected
as point sources for the first time in the 11um image. They are located in the
red S9W to L18W color regions, suggesting that current star-formation has been
triggered by previous star-formation activities. A wide area map of the size of
about 1 x 1 (deg^2) around the IC4954/4955 region was created from the AKARI
mid-infrared all-sky survey data. Together with the HI 21cm data, it suggests a
large hollow structure of a degree scale, on whose edge the IC4954/4955 region
has been created, indicating star formation over three generations in largely
different spatial scales.


title:
CaII and NaI absorption signatures from the circumgalactic gas of the
  Milky Way

abstract:
  We combine CaII/NaI absorption and HI 21 cm emission line measurements to
analyse the metal abundances, the distribution, the small-scale structure, and
the physical conditions of intermediate- and high-velocity gas in the Galactic
halo.


title: Vortex Images and q-Elementary Functions

abstract:
  In the present paper problem of vortex images in annular domain between two
coaxial cylinders is solved by the q-elementary functions. We show that all
images are determined completely as poles of the q-logarithmic function, where
dimensionless parameter $q = r^2_2/r^2_1$ is given by square ratio of the
cylinder radii. Resulting solution for the complex potential is represented in
terms of the Jackson q-exponential function. By composing pairs of q-exponents
to the first Jacobi theta function and conformal mapping to a rectangular
domain we link our solution with result of Johnson and McDonald. We found that
one vortex cannot remain at rest except at the geometric mean distance, but
must orbit the cylinders with constant angular velocity related to q-harmonic
series. Vortex images in two particular geometries in the $q \to \infty$ limit
are studied.


title: Simulation Results for U(1) Gauge Theory on Non-Commutative Spaces

abstract:
  We present numerical results for U(1) gauge theory in 2d and 4d spaces
involving a non-commutative plane. Simulations are feasible thanks to a mapping
of the non-commutative plane onto a twisted matrix model. In d=2 it was a
long-standing issue if Wilson loops are (partially) invariant under
area-preserving diffeomorphisms. We show that non-perturbatively this
invariance breaks, including the subgroup SL(2,R). In both cases, d=2 and d=4,
we extrapolate our results to the continuum and infinite volume by means of a
Double Scaling Limit. In d=4 this limit leads to a phase with broken
translation symmetry, which is not affected by the perturbatively known IR
instability. Therefore the photon may survive in a non-commutative world.


title: The Effelsberg-Bonn HI Survey (EBHIS)

abstract:
  The new L-band 7-feed-array at the 100-m telescope in Effelsberg will be used
to perform an unbiased fully sampled HI survey of the entire northern
hemisphere observing the galactic and extragalactic sky using simultaneously
two different backends.
  The survey will be extremely valuable for a broad range of research topics:
study of the low-mass end of the HI mass function (HIMF) in the local volume,
environmental and evolutionary effects (as seen in the HIMF), the search for
galaxies near low-redshift Lyman-alpha absorbers, and analysis of multiphase
and extraplanar gas, HI shells, and ultra-compact high-velocity-clouds.