title: Stratorotational instability in MHD Taylor-Couette flows

abstract:
  The stability of dissipative Taylor-Couette flows with an axial stable
density stratification and a prescribed azimuthal magnetic field is considered.
Global nonaxisymmetric solutions of the linearized MHD equations with toroidal
magnetic field, axial density stratification and differential rotation are
found for both insulating and conducting cylinder walls. Flat rotation laws
such as the quasi-Kepler law are unstable against the nonaxisymmetric
stratorotational instability (SRI). The influence of a current-free toroidal
magnetic field depends on the magnetic Prandtl number Pm: SRI is supported by
Pm > 1 and it is suppressed by Pm \lsim 1. For too flat rotation laws a smooth
transition exists to the instability which the toroidal magnetic field produces
in combination with the differential rotation. This nonaxisymmetric azimuthal
magnetorotational instability (AMRI) has been computed under the presence of an
axial density gradient. If the magnetic field between the cylinders is not
current-free then also the Tayler instability occurs and the transition from
the hydrodynamic SRI to the magnetic Tayler instability proves to be rather
complex. Most spectacular is the `ballooning' of the stability domain by the
density stratification: already a rather small rotation stabilizes magnetic
fields against the Tayler instability. An azimuthal component of the resulting
electromotive force only exists for density-stratified flows. The related
alpha-effect for magnetic SRI of Kepler rotation appears to be positive for
negative d\rho/dz <0.


title: Low-temperature proximity effect in clean metals

abstract:
  Theories of proximity effect in layered superconductor-normal metal
structures usually deal with a hypothetic normal metal with no interaction
between electrons and with finite temperatures often close to the
superconductor critical temperature. We present an asymptotic solution of the
Gor'kov equations in the opposite low-temperature limit for a clean normal
metal with a repulsive interaction between electrons. The order parameter in
the metal exhibits a power-law decay, Delta(x) is proportional to 1/x, as a
function of the distance from the SN boundary, x, with a proximity length
strongly depending on the repulsive interaction.


title: Search for B+ meson decay to a1+ K*0

abstract:
  We present the preliminary result of a search for the decay B+- --> a1+-K*0.
The data, collected with the BaBar detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator
Center, represent 465 million BB pairs produced in e+e- annihilation at the
Y(4s) energy. The result for the branching fraction is: B(B+ --> a1+ K*0) *
B(a1+ --> pi+pi-pi+) = (0.7 +0.5/-0.4 +/-0.7) x 10-6, corresponding to an upper
limit at 90% confidence level of 1.6 x 10-6. The first error quoted is
statistical, the second systematic.


title:
Exact-exchange Kohn-Sham potential, surface energy, and work function of
  jellium slabs

abstract:
  Exact-exchange self-consistent calculations of the Kohn-Sham potential,
surface energy, and work function of jellium slabs are reported in the
framework of the Optimized Effective Potential (OEP) scheme of Density
Functional Theory. In the vacuum side of the jellium surface and at a distance
$z$ that is larger than the slab thickness, the exchange-only Kohn-Sham
potential is found to be image-like ($\sim -e^2/z$) but with a coefficient that
differs from that of the classical image potential $V_{im}(z)=-e^2/4z$. The
three OEP contributions to the surface energy (kinetic, electrostatic, and
exchange) are found to oscillate as a function of the slab thickness, as occurs
in the case of the corresponding calculations based on the use of
single-particle orbitals and energies obtained in the Local Density
Approximation (LDA). The OEP work function presents large quantum size effects
that are absent in the LDA and which reflect the intrinsic derivative
discontinuity of the exact Kohn-Sham potential.


title: Discovery of the Inner Ring around PSR B1509-58

abstract:
  A Chandra study of pulsar wind nebula around the young energetic pulsar PSR
B1509-58 is presented. The high resolution X-ray image with total exposure time
of 190 ks reveals a ring like feature 10'' apart from the pulsar. This feature
is analogous to the inner ring seen in the Crab nebula and thus may correspond
to a wind termination shock. The shock radius enables us to constrain the wind
magnetization, sigma>= 0.01. The obtained sigma is one order of magnitude
larger than that of the Crab nebula. In the pulsar vicinity, the southern jet
appears to extend beyond the wind termination shock, in contrast to the narrow
jet of the Crab. The revealed morphology of the broad jet is coincident with
the recently proposed theoretical model in which a magnetic hoop stress diverts
and squeezes the post-shock equatorial flow towards the poloidal direction
generating a jet.


title: Comment: Microarrays, Empirical Bayes and the Two-Groups Model

abstract:
  Comment on ``Microarrays, Empirical Bayes and the Two-Groups Model''
[arXiv:0808.0572]


title:
On spatial variations of the electron-to-proton mass ratio in the Milky
  Way

abstract:
  (Abridged) Radio-astronomical observations of molecular cores in lines of NH3
(J,K)=(1,1), CCS J_N=2_1-1_0, HC3N J=5-4, and N2H+ J=1-0 are used to measure
the relative radial velocity offsets, Delta V, between the NH3 (1,1) and other
molecular transitions. Robust statistical analysis is applied to the n=207
individual measurements in the Perseus molecular cloud (PC), the Pipe Nebula
(PN), and the infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) to deduce the mean value of Delta V
and its uncertainty. The measured values of Delta V from the PC, PN, and IRDCs
show statistically significant positive velocity shifts between the line
centers of NH3 and other molecules. The most accurate estimates are obtained
from subsamples of the NH3/CCS pairs observed in the PC (n=21) and the PN
(n=8), Delta V = 36+/-7_stat+/-13.5_sys} m/s and 53+/-11_stat+/-13.5_sys m/s,
respectively, and from the n=36 NH3/N2H+ and n=27 NH3/HC3N pairs observed in
the IRDCs, Delta V = 148+/-32_stat+/-13.6_sys m/s and 115+/-37_stat+/-31_sys
m/s, respectively. Being interpreted in terms of the electron-to-proton mass
ratio variation, this gives Delta mu/mu = (4-14)10^{-8}, which is an order of
magnitude more sensitive than previous astronomical constraints on this
quantity.


title: Congestion phenomena on complex networks

abstract:
  We define a minimal model of traffic flows in complex networks containing the
most relevant features of real routing schemes, i.e. a trade--off strategy
between topological-based and traffic-based routing. The resulting collective
behavior, obtained analytically for the ensemble of uncorrelated networks, is
physically very rich and reproduces results recently observed in traffic
simulations on scale-free networks. We find that traffic control is useless in
homogeneous graphs but may improves global performance in inhomogeneous
networks, enlarging the free-flow region in parameter space. Traffic control
also introduces non-linear effects and, beyond a critical strength, may trigger
the appearance of a congested phase in a discontinuous manner.


title:
Kondo effect in single atom contacts: the importance of the atomic
  geometry

abstract:
  Co single atom junctions on copper surfaces are studied by scanning tunneling
microscopy and ab-initio calculations. The Kondo temperature of single cobalt
atoms on the Cu(111) surface has been measured at various tip-sample distances
ranging from tunneling to the point contact regime. The experiments show a
constant Kondo temperature for a whole range of tip-substrate distances
consistently with the predicted energy position of the spin-polarized d-levels
of Co. This is in striking difference to experiments on Co/Cu(100) junctions,
where a substantial increase of the Kondo temperature has been found. Our
calculations reveal that the different behavior of the Co adatoms on the two Cu
surfaces originates from the interplay between the structural relaxations and
the electronic properties in the near-contact regime.


title: Coinductive big-step operational semantics

abstract:
  Using a call-by-value functional language as an example, this article
illustrates the use of coinductive definitions and proofs in big-step
operational semantics, enabling it to describe diverging evaluations in
addition to terminating evaluations. We formalize the connections between the
coinductive big-step semantics and the standard small-step semantics, proving
that both semantics are equivalent. We then study the use of coinductive
big-step semantics in proofs of type soundness and proofs of semantic
preservation for compilers. A methodological originality of this paper is that
all results have been proved using the Coq proof assistant. We explain the
proof-theoretic presentation of coinductive definitions and proofs offered by
Coq, and show that it facilitates the discovery and the presentation of the
results.


title: A rotating black lens solution in five dimensions

abstract:
  It has recently been shown that a stationary, asymptotically flat vacuum
black hole in five space-time dimensions with two commuting axial symmetries
must have an event horizon with either a spherical, ring or lens-space
topology. In this paper, we study the third possibility, a so-called black lens
with L(n,1) horizon topology. Using the inverse scattering method, we construct
a black lens solution with the simplest possible rod structure, and possessing
a single asymptotic angular momentum. Its properties are then analysed; in
particular, it is shown that there must either be a conical singularity or a
naked curvature singularity present in the space-time.


title: Spectral estimates for periodic fourth order operators

abstract:
  We consider the operator $H={d^4dt^4}+{ddt}p{ddt}+q$ with 1-periodic
coefficients on the real line. The spectrum of $H$ is absolutely continuous and
consists of intervals separated by gaps. We describe the spectrum of this
operator in terms of the Lyapunov function, which is analytic on a two-sheeted
Riemann surface. On each sheet the Lyapunov function has the standard
properties of the Lyapunov function for the scalar case.
  We describe the spectrum of $H$ in terms of periodic, antiperiodic
eigenvalues, and so-called resonances.
  We prove that 1) the spectrum of $H$ at high energy has multiplicity two, 2)
the asymptotics of the periodic, antiperiodic eigenvalues and of the resonances
are determined at high energy, 3) for some specific $p$ the spectrum of $H$ has
an infinite number of gaps, 4) the spectrum of $H$ has small spectral band
(near the beginner of the spectrum) with multiplicity 4 and its asymptotics are
determined as $p\to 0, q=0$.


title: Real-Time Diagrammatic Monte Carlo for Nonequilibrium Quantum Transport

abstract:
  We propose a novel approach to nonequilibrium real-time dynamics of quantum
impurities models coupled to biased non-interacting leads, such as those
relevant to quantum transport in nanoscale molecular devices. The method is
based on a Diagrammatic Monte Carlo sampling of the real-time perturbation
theory along the Keldysh contour. We benchmark the method on a non-interacting
resonant level model and, as a first non-trivial application, we study zero
temperature non-equilibrium transport through a vibrating molecule.


title: A new mechanism for electron transfer in fast ion-atomic collisions

abstract:
  We discuss a new mechanism for the electron capture in fast ion-atom
collisions. Similarly like in the radiative capture, where the electron
transfer occurs due to photon emission, within the mechanism under
consideration the electron capture takes place due to the emission of an
additional electron. This first order capture process leads to the so called
transfer-ionization and has a number of interesting features, in particular, in
the target frame it results in the electron emission mainly into the backward
semi-sphere.


title: The Luminosity Function of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts and their rate at z>6

abstract:
  We compute the luminosity function (LF) and the formation rate of long gamma
ray bursts (GRBs) in three different scenarios: i) GRBs follow the cosmic star
formation and their LF is constant in time; ii) GRBs follow the cosmic star
formation but the LF varies with redshift; iii) GRBs form preferentially in
low-metallicity environments. We then test model predictions against the Swift
3-year data, showing that scenario i) is robustly ruled out. Moreover, we show
that the number of bright GRBs detected by Swift suggests that GRBs should have
experienced some sort of luminosity evolution with redshift, being more
luminous in the past. Finally we propose to use the observations of the
afterglow spectrum of GRBs at z>5.5 to constrain the reionization history and
we applied our method to the case of GRB 050904.


title:
Extinction transition on diffusive substrate: a different universality
  class?

abstract:
  The extinction transition on a one dimensional heterogeneous substrate with
diffusive correlations is studied. Diffusively correlated heterogeneity is
shown to affect the location of the transition point, as the reactants adapt to
the fluctuating environment. At the transition point the density decays like
$t^{-0.159}$, as predicted by the theory of directed percolation. However, the
scaling function describing the behavior away from the transition shows
significant deviations from the DP predictions; it is suggested, thus, that the
off-transition behavior of the system is governed by local adaptation to
favored regions.


title: Comment: Microarrays, Empirical Bayes and the Two-Group Model

abstract:
  Comment on ``Microarrays, Empirical Bayes and the Two-Group Model''
[arXiv:0808.0572]


title: Tracking quasi-classical chaos in ultracold boson gases

abstract:
  We study the dynamics of a ultra-cold boson gas in a lattice submitted to a
constant force. We track the route of the system towards chaos created by the
many-body-induced nonlinearity and show that relevant information can be
extracted from an experimentally accessible quantity, the gas mean position.
The threshold nonlinearity for the appearance of chaotic behavior is deduced
from KAM arguments and agrees with the value obtained by calculating the
associated Lyapunov exponent.


title:
Hysteretic jumps in the response of layered superconductors to
  electromagnetic fields

abstract:
  We consider here a layered superconductor subject to an externally applied
moderately-strong electromagnetic field. We predict hysteretic jumps in the
dependence of the surface reactance of the superconductor on the amplitude of
the incident electromagnetic wave. This very unusual nonlinear phenomenon can
be observed in thin superconducting slabs at not very strong ac amplitudes, if
the frequency of the irradiating field is close to the Josephson plasma
frequency. Using the set of coupled sine-Gordon equations, we derive the
expression for the phase shift of the reflected wave and obtain the conditions
for the appearance of hysteresis.


title: On row-by-row coding for 2-D constraints

abstract:
  A constant-rate encoder--decoder pair is presented for a fairly large family
of two-dimensional (2-D) constraints. Encoding and decoding is done in a
row-by-row manner, and is sliding-block decodable.
  Essentially, the 2-D constraint is turned into a set of independent and
relatively simple one-dimensional (1-D) constraints; this is done by dividing
the array into fixed-width vertical strips. Each row in the strip is seen as a
symbol, and a graph presentation of the respective 1-D constraint is
constructed. The maxentropic stationary Markov chain on this graph is next
considered: a perturbed version of the corresponding probability distribution
on the edges of the graph is used in order to build an encoder which operates
in parallel on the strips. This perturbation is found by means of a network
flow, with upper and lower bounds on the flow through the edges.
  A key part of the encoder is an enumerative coder for constant-weight binary
words. A fast realization of this coder is shown, using floating-point
arithmetic.


abstract:
  Brad Efron's paper [arXiv:0808.0572] has inspired a return to the ideas
behind Bayes, frequency and empirical Bayes. The latter preferably would not be
limited to exchangeable models for the data and hyperparameters. Parallels are
revealed between microarray analyses and profiling of hospitals, with advances
suggesting more decision modeling for gene identification also. Then good
multilevel and empirical Bayes models for random effects should be sought when
regression toward the mean is anticipated.


title: Two-qubit analogs of octonions and projective planes

abstract:
  A quantum spin-1/2, and its associated su(2) algebra of Pauli spin matrices
are familiarly linked to Clifford algebra and quaternions. Somewhat more
loosely, we develop connections between the su(4) algebra of two spins and of
its sub-algebras, which are important throughout the field of quantum
information, with octonions, the projective plane of seven elements, and
entities in projective geometry and design theory called partial Steiner
systems of 10 and 15 elements. Although not the exact correspondence between a
single spin and quaternions, the close analogy between these geometrical
objects and the 15 operators of a two-spin system may be useful to both
projective geometry and quantum information.


abstract:
  Comment on ``Microarrays, Empirical Bayes and the Two-Groups Model''
[arXiv:0808.0572]


title: Entanglement of two blocks of spins in the critical Ising model

abstract:
  We compute the entropy of entanglement of two blocks of L spins at a distance
d in the ground state of an Ising chain in an external transverse magnetic
field. We numerically study the von Neumann entropy for different values of the
transverse field. At the critical point we obtain analytical results for blocks
of size L=1 and L=2. In the general case, the critical entropy is shown to be
additive when d goes to infinity. Finally, based on simple arguments, we derive
an expression for the entropy at the critical point as a function of both L and
d. This formula is in excellent agreement with numerical results.


title: A 3D radiative transfer framework: III. periodic boundary conditions

abstract:
  We present a general method to solve radiative transfer problems including
scattering in the continuum as well as in lines in 3D configurations with
periodic boundary conditions. he scattering problem for line transfer is solved
via means of an operator splitting (OS) technique. The formal solution is based
on a full characteristics method. The approximate $\Lambda$ operator is
constructed considering nearest neighbors exactly. The code is parallelized
over both wavelength and solid angle using the MPI library. We present the
results of several test cases with different values of the thermalization
parameter and two choices for the temperature structure. The results are
directly compared to 1D plane parallel tests. The 3D results agree very well
with the well-tested 1D calculations.


title: Limit laws of entrance times for low complexity Cantor minimal systems

abstract:
  This paper is devoted to the study of limit laws of entrance times to
cylinder sets for Cantor minimal systems of zero entropy using their
representation by means of ordered Bratteli diagrams. We study in detail
substitution subshifts and we prove these limit laws are piecewise linear
functions. The same kind of results is obtained for classical low complexity
systems given by non stationary ordered Bratteli diagrams.


title: Rejoinder: Microarrays, Empirical Bayes and the Two-Groups Model

abstract:
  Rejoinder to ``Microarrays, Empirical Bayes and the Two-Groups Model''
[arXiv:0808.0572]


title: Matrix-based approach to electrodynamics in media

abstract:
  The Riemann -- Silberstein -- Majorana -- Oppenheimer approach to the Maxwell
electrodynamics in presence of electrical sources and arbitrary media is
investigated within the matrix formalism. The symmetry of the matrix Maxwell
equation under transformations of the complex rotation group SO(3.C) is
demonstrated explicitly. In vacuum case, the matrix form includes four real $4
\times 4$ matrices $\alpha^{b}$. In presence of media matrix form requires two
sets of $4 \times 4$ matrices, $\alpha^{b}$ and $\beta^{b}$ -- simple and
symmetrical realization of which is given. Relation of $\alpha^{b}$ and
$\beta^{b}$ to the Dirac matrices in spinor basis is found. Minkowski
constitutive relations in case of any linear media are given in a short
algebraic form based on the use of complex 3-vector fields and complex
orthogonal rotations from SO(3.C) group. The matrix complex formulation in the
Esposito's form,based on the use of two electromagnetic 4-vectors,
$e^{\alpha}(x) = u_{\beta} F^{\alpha \beta}(x), b^{\alpha} (x) = u_{\beta}
\tilde{F}^{\alpha \beta}(x) $ is studied and discussed. It is argued that
Esposito form is achieved trough the use of a trivial identity
$I=U^{-1}(u)U(u)$ in the Maxwell equation.


title:
The Density Probability Distribution in Compressible Isothermal
  Turbulence: Solenoidal versus Compressive Forcing

abstract:
  The probability density function (PDF) of the gas density in turbulent
supersonic flows is investigated with high-resolution numerical simulations. In
a systematic study, we compare the density statistics of compressible
turbulence driven by the usually adopted solenoidal forcing (divergence-free)
and by compressive forcing (curl-free). Our results are in agreement with
studies using solenoidal forcing. However, compressive forcing yields a
significantly broader density distribution with standard deviation ~3 times
larger at the same rms Mach number. The standard deviation-Mach number relation
used in analytical models of star formation is reviewed and a modification of
the existing expression is proposed, which takes into account the ratio of
solenoidal and compressive modes of the turbulence forcing.


title:
Proton channeling through long chiral carbon nanotubes: the rainbow
  route to equilibration

abstract:
  In this work we investigate the rainbows appearing in channeling of 1 GeV
protons through the long (11, 9) single-wall carbon nanotubes. The nanotube
length is varied from 10 to 500 micrometers. The angular distributions of
channeled protons are computed using the numerical solution of the proton
equations of motion in the transverse plane and the Monte Carlo method. Each
rainbow is characterized by a sharp decrease of the proton yield on its large
angle side. As the nanotube length increases, the number of rainbows increases
and the average distance between them decreases in an easily predictable way.
When the average distance between the rainbows becomes smaller than the
resolution of the angular distribution, one cannot distinguish between the
adjacent rainbows, and the angular distribution becomes equilibrated. We call
this route to equilibration the rainbow route to equilibration. This work is a
demonstration of how a simple one-dimensional bound dynamic system can exhibit
a complex collective behavior.


title: A note on the Capelli identities for symmetric pairs of Hermitian type

abstract:
  We get several identities of differential operators in determinantal form.
These identities are non-commutative versions of the formula of Cauchy-Binet or
Laplace expansions of determinants, and if we take principal symbols, they are
reduced to such classical formulas. These identities are naturally arising from
the generators of the rings of invariant differential operators over symmetric
spaces, and have strong resemblance to the classical Capelli identities. Thus
we call those identities the Capelli identities for symmetric pairs.


title: Open questions in the study of population III star formation

abstract:
  The first stars were key drivers of early cosmic evolution. We review the
main physical elements of the current consensus view, positing that the first
stars were predominantly very massive. We continue with a discussion of
important open questions that confront the standard model. Among them are
uncertainties in the atomic and molecular physics of the hydrogen and helium
gas, the multiplicity of stars that form in minihalos, and the possible
existence of two separate modes of metal-free star formation.


title:
Shock Waves in Eulerian Cosmological Simulations: Main Properties and
  Acceleration of Cosmic Rays

abstract:
  We analyze the properties of Large Scale Shocks in a cosmological volume of
size 103Mpc/h simulated with the public 1.0.1 release of the ENZO code.
Different methods to identify and characterize shocks in post processing are
discussed together with their uncertainties. Re-ionization affects the
properties of shocks in simulations, and we propose a fitting procedure to
model accurately the effect of re-ionization in non--radiative simulations,
with a post--processing procedure. We investigate the properties of shocks by
means of a procedure which uses jumps in the velocity variables across the
cells in the simulations and this allows us to have a viable description of
shocks also in relatively under-dense cosmic regions. We derive the
distributions of the number of shocks and of the energy dissipated at these
shocks as a function of their Mach number, and discuss the evolution of these
distributions with cosmological time and across different cosmic environments
(clusters, outskirts, filaments, voids). In line with some previous numerical
studies (e.g. Ryu et al.2003, Pfrommer et al.2006) relatively weak shocks are
found to dominate the process of energy dissipation in the simulated cosmic
volume, although we find a larger ratio between weak and strong shocks with
respect to previous studies. We estimate the rate of injection of CR at Large
Scale Shocks by adopting injection efficiencies taken from previous numerical
calculations. The flux dissipated in the form of CR within the whole simulated
volume at the present epoch is about 20 per cent of the thermal energy
dissipated at shocks; this fraction is smaller within galaxy clusters.


title: Paradoxical Reflection in Quantum Mechanics

abstract:
  This article concerns a phenomenon of elementary quantum mechanics that is
quite counter-intuitive, very non-classical, and apparently not widely known: a
quantum particle can get reflected at a downward potential step. In contrast,
classical particles get reflected only at upward steps. The conditions for this
effect are that the wave length is much greater than the width of the potential
step and the kinetic energy of the particle is much smaller than the depth of
the potential step. This phenomenon is suggested by non-normalizable solutions
to the time-independent Schroedinger equation, and we present evidence,
numerical and mathematical, that it is also indeed predicted by the
time-dependent Schroedinger equation. Furthermore, this paradoxical reflection
effect suggests, and we confirm mathematically, that a quantum particle can be
trapped for a long time (though not forever) in a region surrounded by downward
potential steps, that is, on a plateau.


title: Particle production in p-p collisions and prediction for LHC energy

abstract:
  We analyze recent data on particle production yields obtained in p-p
collisions at SPS and RHIC energies within the statistical model. We apply the
model formulated in the canonical ensemble and focus on strange particle
production. We introduce different methods to account for strangeness
suppression effects and discuss their phenomenological verification. We show
that at RHIC the midrapidity data on strange and multistrange particle
multiplicity can be successfully described by the canonical statistical model
with and without an extra suppression effects. On the other hand, SPS data
integrated over the full phase-space require an additional strangeness
suppression factor that is beyond the conventional canonical model. This factor
is quantified by the strangeness saturation parameter or strangeness
correlation volume. Extrapolating all relevant thermal parameters from SPS and
RHIC to LHC energy we present predictions of the statistical model for particle
yields in p-p collisions at sqrt(s) = 14TeV. We discuss the role and the
influence of a strangeness correlation volume on particle production in p-p
collisions at LHC.


title: Matter sound waves in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

abstract:
  The creation and propagation of sound waves in two-component Bose-Einstein
condensates (BEC) are investigated and a new method of wave generation in
binary BEC mixtures is proposed. The method is based on a fast change of the
inter-species interaction constant and is illustrated for two experimental
settings: a drop-like condensate immersed into a second large repulsive
condensate, and a binary mixture of two homogeneous repulsive BEC's. A
mathematical model based on the linearized coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations
is developed and explicit formulae for the space and time dependence of sound
waves are provided. Comparison of the analytical and numerical results shows
excellent agreement, confirming the validity of the proposed approach.


title: Proofs On Arnold Conjectures

abstract:
  In this article, we give proofs on the Arnold Lagrangian intersection
conjecture on the cotangent bundles, Arnold-Givental Lagrangian intersection
conjecture and the Arnold fixed point conjecture.


title: Fermionic vacuum densities in higher-dimensional de Sitter spacetime

abstract:
  Fermionic condensate and the vacuum expectation values of the energy-momentum
tensor are investigated for twisted and untwisted massive spinor fields in
higher-dimensional de Sitter spacetime with toroidally compactified spatial
dimensions. The expectation values are presented in the form of the sum of
corresponding quantities in the uncompactified de Sitter spacetime and the
parts induced by non-trivial topology. The latter are finite and the
renormalization is needed for the first parts only. Closed formulae are derived
for the renormalized fermionic vacuum densities in uncompactified
odd-dimensional de Sitter spacetimes. It is shown that, unlike to the case of
4-dimensional spacetime, for large values of the mass, these densities are
suppressed exponentially. Asymptotic behavior of the topological parts in the
expectation values is investigated in the early and late stages of the
cosmological expansion. When the comoving lengths of compactified dimensions
are much smaller than the de Sitter curvature radius, to the leading order the
topological parts coincide with the corresponding quantities for a massless
fermionic field and are conformally related to the corresponding flat spacetime
results. In this limit the topological parts dominate the uncompactified de
Sitter part and the back-reaction effects should be taken into account. In the
opposite limit, for a massive field the asymptotic behavior of the topological
parts is damping oscillatory.


title:
The Weibull - log Weibull Transition of the Inter-occurrence time
  statistics in the two-dimensional Burridge-Knopoff Earthquake model

abstract:
  In analyzing synthetic earthquake catalogs created by a two-dimensional
Burridge-Knopoff model, we have found that a probability distribution of the
interoccurrence times, the time intervals between successive events, can be
described clearly by the superposition of the Weibull distribution and the
log-Weibull distribution. In addition, the interoccurrence time statistics
depend on frictional properties and stiffness of a fault and exhibit the
Weibull - log Weibull transition, which states that the distribution function
changes from the log-Weibull regime to the Weibull regime when the threshold of
magnitude is increased. We reinforce a new insight into this model; the model
can be recognized as a mechanical model providing a framework of the Weibull -
log Weibull transition.


title: Dimensional crossover in quantum critical metallic magnets

abstract:
  Nearly magnetic metals often have layered lattice structures, consisting of
coupled planes. In such a situation, physical properties will display, upon
decreasing temperature or energy, a dimensional crossover from two-dimensional
(2d) to three-dimensional (3d) behavior, which is particularly interesting near
quantum criticality. Here we study this crossover in thermodynamics using a
suitably generalized Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson approach to the critical behavior,
combined with renormalization group techniques. We focus on two experimentally
relevant cases: the crossover from a 2d to a 3d antiferromagnet, and the
crossover from a 2d ferromagnet to a 3d antiferromagnet. We discuss the
location of phase boundary and crossover lines and determine the crossover
functions for important thermodynamic quantities. As naive scaling does not
apply at and above the upper critical dimension, two crossover scales arise
which can be associated with separate dimensional crossovers of classical and
quantum fluctuations, respectively. In particular, we find an intermediate
regime with novel power laws where the quantum fluctuations still have a 2d and
the classical fluctuations already have a 3d character. For the
ferromagnet-to-antiferromagnet crossover, the mismatch of the dynamical
exponents between the 2d and 3d regimes leads to an even richer crossover
structure, with an interesting 2d non-critical regime sandwiched between two
critical regimes. For all cases, we find that thermal expansion and
compressibility are particularly sensitive probes of the dimensional crossover.
Finally, we relate our results to experiments on the quantum critical
heavy-fermion metals CeCu(6-x)Au(x), YbRh(2)Si(2) and CeCoIn(5).


title:
T Tauri Jet Physics Resolved Near The Launching Region with the Hubble
  Space Telescope

abstract:
  We present an analysis of the gas physics at the base of jets from five T
Tauri stars based on high angular resolution optical spectra, using the Hubble
Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (HST/STIS). The spectra refer to a region
within 100 AU of the star, i.e. where the collimation of the jet has just taken
place. We form PV images of the line ratios to get a global picture of the flow
excitation. We then apply a specialised diagnostic technique to find the
electron density, ionisation fraction, electron temperature and total density.
Our results are in the form of PV maps of the obtained quantities, in which the
gas behaviour is resolved as a function of both radial velocity and distance
from the jet axis. They highlight a number of interesting physical features of
the jet collimation region, including regions of extremely high density,
asymmetries with respect to the axis, and possible shock signatures. Finally,
we estimate the jet mass and angular momentum outflow rates, both of which are
fundamental parameters in constraining models of accretion/ejection structures,
particularily if the parameters can be determined close to the jet footpoint.
Comparing mass flow rates for cases where the latter is available in the
literature (i.e. DG Tau, RW Aur and CW Tau) reveals a mass
ejection-to-accretion ratio of 0.01 - 0.07. Finally, where possible (i.e. DG
Tau and CW Tau), both mass and angular momentum outflow rates have been
resolved into higher and lower velocity jet material. For the clearer case of
DG Tau, this revealed that the more collimated higher velocity component plays
a dominant role in mass and angular momentum transport.


title:
A Simple Determination of the Thermodynamical Characteristics of a Very
  Thin Black Ring

abstract:
  In this work we suggest a very simple, approximate formalism for description
of some basic (especially thermodynamical) characteristics of a rotating, very
thin black ring. (In fact, our formalism is not theoretically dubious, since,
at it is not hard to see, it can correspond to an extreme simplification of a
more accurate, Copeland-Lahiri string formalism for the black hole
description.) Even if suggested formalism is, generally speaking,
phenomenological and rough, obtained final results, unexpectedly, are
non-trivial. Concretely, given formalism reproduces exactly Bekenstein-Hawking
entropy, Bekenstein quantization of the entropy or horizon area and Hawking
temperature of a rotating, very thin black ring obtained earlier using more
accurate analysis by Reall, Emparan, Elvang, Virmani etc. (Conceptually it is
similar to situation in Bohr's atomic model where energy levels are determined
practically exactly even if electron motion is described roughly.) Our
formalism, according to suggestions in our previous works, is physically based
on the assumption that circumference of the horizon tube holds the natural
(integer) number of corresponding reduced Compton's wave length. (It is
conceptually similar to Bohr's quantization postulate in Bohr's atomic model
interpreted by de Broglie relation.) Also, we use, mathematically, practically
only simple algebraic equations (by determination of Hawking temperature we use
additionally only simple differentiation of Smarr relation).


title:
Probing dust grain evolution in IM Lupi's circumstellar disc.
  Multi-wavelength observations and modelling of the dust disc

abstract:
  We present a panchromatic study, involving a multiple technique approach, of
the circumstellar disc surrounding the T Tauri star IM Lupi (Sz 82). We have
undertaken a comprehensive observational study of IM Lupi using photometry,
spectroscopy, millimetre interferometry and multi-wavelength imaging. For the
first time, the disc is resolved from optical and near-infrared wavelengths in
scattered light, to the millimetre regime in thermal emission. Our data-set, in
conjunction with existing photometric data, provides an extensive coverage of
the spectral energy distribution, including a detailed spectrum of the silicate
emission bands. We have performed a simultaneous modelling of the various
observations, using the radiative transfer code MCFOST, and analysed a grid of
models over a large fraction of the parameter space via Bayesian inference. We
have constructed a model that can reproduce all of the observations of the
disc. Our analysis illustrates the importance of combining a wide range of
observations in order to fully constrain the disc model, with each observation
providing a strong constraint only on some aspects of the disc structure and
dust content. Quantitative evidence of dust evolution in the disc is obtained:
grain growth up to millimetre-sized particles, vertical stratification of dust
grains with micrometric grains close to the disc surface and larger grains
which have settled towards the disc midplane, and possibly the formation of
fluffy aggregates and/or ice mantles around grains.


title: The 2005 Neyman Lecture: Dynamic Indeterminism in Science

abstract:
  Jerzy Neyman's life history and some of his contributions to applied
statistics are reviewed. In a 1960 article he wrote: ``Currently in the period
of dynamic indeterminism in science, there is hardly a serious piece of
research which, if treated realistically, does not involve operations on
stochastic processes. The time has arrived for the theory of stochastic
processes to become an item of usual equipment of every applied statistician.''
The emphasis in this article is on stochastic processes and on stochastic
process data analysis. A number of data sets and corresponding substantive
questions are addressed. The data sets concern sardine depletion, blowfly
dynamics, weather modification, elk movement and seal journeying. Three of the
examples are from Neyman's work and four from the author's joint work with
collaborators.


title: Atomic Hole Doping of Graphene

abstract:
  Graphene is an excellent candidate for the next generation of electronic
materials due to the strict two-dimensionality of its electronic structure as
well as the extremely high carrier mobility. A prerequisite for the development
of graphene based electronics is the reliable control of the type and density
of the charge carriers by external (gate) and internal (doping) means. While
gating has been successfully demonstrated for graphene flakes and epitaxial
graphene on silicon carbide, the development of reliable chemical doping
methods turns out to be a real challenge. In particular hole doping is an
unsolved issue. So far it has only been achieved with reactive molecular
adsorbates, which are largely incompatible with any device technology. Here we
show by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy that atomic doping of an
epitaxial graphene layer on a silicon carbide substrate with bismuth, antimony
or gold presents effective means of p-type doping. Not only is the atomic
doping the method of choice for the internal control of the carrier density. In
combination with the intrinsic n-type character of epitaxial graphene on SiC,
the charge carriers can be tuned from electrons to holes, without affecting the
conical band structure.


title: On the Shortest Identity in Finite Simple Groups of Lie Type

abstract:
  We prove that the length of the shortest identity in a finite simple group of
Lie type of rank $r$ defined over $\mathbb{F}_q$, is bounded (from above and
below) by explicit polynomials in $q$ and $r$.


title: Avalanche prediction in Self-organized systems

abstract:
  It is a common belief that power-law distributed avalanches are inherently
unpredictable. This idea affects phenomena as diverse as evolution,
earthquakes, superconducting vortices, stock markets, etc; from atomic to
social scales. It mainly comes from the concept of ``Self-organized
criticality" (SOC), where criticality is interpreted in the way that at any
moment, any small avalanche can eventually cascade into a large event.
Nevertheless, this work demonstrates experimentally the possibility of
avalanche prediction in the classical paradigm of SOC: a sandpile. By knowing
the position of every grain in a two-dimensional pile, avalanches of moving
grains follow a distinct power-law distribution. Large avalanches, although
uncorrelated, are preceded by continuous, detectable variations in the internal
structure of the pile that are monitored in order to achieve prediction.


title:
The influence of reconstruction criteria on the sensitive probes of the
  symmetry potential

abstract:
  Different criteria of constructing clusters and tracing back $\Delta$
resonances from the intermediate-energy neutron-rich HICs are discussed by
employing the updated UrQMD transport model. It is found that both the
phase-space and the coordinate-density criteria affect the single and the
double neutron/proton ratios of free nucleons at small transverse momenta, but
the influence becomes invisible at large transverse momenta. The effect of
different methods of reconstructing freeze-out $\Delta$s on the
$\Delta^0/\Delta^{++}$ ratio is strong in a large kinetic energy region.


title: The third homology of the special linear group of a field

abstract:
  We prove that for any infinite field homology stability for the third
integral homology of the special linear groups $SL(n,F)$ begins at $n=3$. When
$n=2$ the cokernel of the map from the third homology of $SL(2,F)$ to the third
homology of $SL(3,F)$ is naturally isomorphic to the square of Milnor $K_3$. We
discuss applications to the indecomposable $K_3$ of the field and to
Milnor-Witt K-theory.


title: Factorization at fixed Q^2(1-x)

abstract:
  We consider QCD factorization between hard and soft subprocesses in inclusive
reactions where the momentum fraction x of one parton approaches unity as the
hard scale Q^2 -> \infty, such that Q^2(1-x) is fixed. In this "BB limit" the
entire (multi-parton) Fock state containing the high x parton is coherent with
the hard subprocess. The soft contribution is given by a forward multiparton
matrix element. The BB limit corresponds to a fixed (large or small) missing
mass and is thus closely connected to exclusive production. We analyze the
Drell-Yan process h + N -> \gamma^* + X in detail, explaining why the virtual
photon is longitudinally polarized for h = \pi and transversely polarized for h
= p. The BB limit may be relevant also for other phenomena observed at high x,
such as the large single spin asymmetries of p p -> \Lambda^\uparrow X and in p
p^\uparrow -> \pi X.


title: Condensate induced transitions between topologically ordered phases

abstract:
  We investigate transitions between topologically ordered phases in two
spatial dimensions induced by the condensation of a bosonic quasiparticle. To
this end, we formulate an extension of the theory of symmetry breaking phase
transitions which applies to phases with topological excitations described by
quantum groups or modular tensor categories. This enables us to deal with
phases whose quasiparticles have non-integer quantum dimensions and obey braid
statistics. Many examples of such phases can be constructed from
two-dimensional rational conformal field theories and we find that there is a
beautiful connection between quantum group symmetry breaking and certain
well-known constructions in conformal field theory, notably the coset
construction, the construction of orbifold models and more general conformal
extensions. Besides the general framework, many representative examples are
worked out in detail.


title:
P-wave Lambda N - Sigma N coupling and the spin-orbit splitting of 9
  Lambda Be

abstract:
  We reexamine the spin-orbit splitting of 9 Lambda Be excited states in terms
of the SU_6 quark-model baryon-baryon interaction. The previous folding
procedure to generate the Lambda alpha spin-orbit potential from the
quark-model Lambda N LS interaction kernel predicted three to five times larger
values for Delta E_{ell s}=E_x(3/2^+)-E_x(5/2^+) in the model FSS and fss2.
This time, we calculate Lambda alpha LS Born kernel, starting from the LS
components of the nuclear-matter G-matrix for the Lambda hyperon. This
framework makes it possible to take full account of an important P-wave Lambda
N - Sigma N coupling through the antisymmetric LS^{(-)} force involved in the
Fermi-Breit interaction. We find that the experimental value, Delta
E^{exp}_{ell s}=43 pm 5 keV, is reproduced by the quark-model G-matrix LS
interaction with a Fermi-momentum around k_F=1.0 fm^{-1}, when the model FSS is
used in the energy-independent renormalized RGM formalism.


title:
Dirac-K\"{a}hler field, spinor technique, and 2-potential approach to
  electrodynamics with two charges

abstract:
  From the 16-component Dirac-K\"{a}hler field theory, spinor equations for two
types of massless vector photon fields with different parities have been
derived. Their equivalent tensor equations in terms of the strength tensor
$F_{ab}$ and respective 4-vector $A_{b}$ and 4-pseudovector $\tilde{A}_{b}$
depending on intrinsic photon parity are derived; they include additional
sources, electric 4-vector $j_{b}$ and magnetic 4-pseudovector $\tilde{j}_{b}$.
The theories of two types of photon fields are explicitly uncoupled, their
linear combination through summing or subtracting results in Maxwell
electrodynamics with electric and magnetic charges in 2-potential approach. So
the problem of existence of magnetic charge can be understood as a super
selection rule for different photon fields in intrinsic parity. The whole
analysis is extended straightforwardly to a curved space-time background. In
the frames of that extended Maxwell theory, the known electromagnetic duality
is described as a linear transformation mixing the field variables referred to
photons with different parities. That extended dual transformation concerns
both strength tensors and 4-potentials $A_{b}, \tilde{A}_{b}$.


title: Exact phase diagram of quasispecies model with mutation rate modifier

abstract:
  We consider an infinite asexual population with a mutator allele which can
elevate mutation rates. With probability $f$, a transition from nonmutator to
mutator state occurs but the reverse transition is forbidden. We find that at
$f=0$, the population is in the state with minimum mutation rate and at
$f=f_c$, a phase transition occurs between a mixed phase with both nonmutators
and mutators and a pure mutator phase. We calculate the critical probability
$f_c$ and the total mutator fraction $Q$ in the mixed phase exactly. Our
predictions for $Q$ are in agreement with those seen in microbial populations
in static environments.


title: Comment: The 2005 Neyman Lecture: Dynamic Indeterminism in Science

abstract:
  Comment on ``The 2005 Neyman Lecture: Dynamic Indeterminism in Science''
[arXiv:0808.0620]


title: Photoproduction of eta meson within a coupled-channels K-matrix approach

abstract:
  We investigate photoproduction of eta mesons off protons and neutrons within
a coupled-channels effective-Lagrangian method which is based on the K-matrix
approach. The two-body final channels included are pi-N, eta-N, phi-N, rho-N,
gamma-N, K-Lambda, and K-Sigma. Non-resonant meson-baryon interactions are
included in the model via nucleon intermediate states in the s- and u-channels,
meson exchanges in the t-channel amplitude and the u-channel resonances. The
nucleon resonances S_{11}(1535), S_{11}(1650), S_{31}(1620), P_{11}(1440),
P_{11}(1710), P_{13}(1720), P_{33}(1232), P_{33}(1600), D_{13}(1520),
D_{13}(1700), and D_{33}(1700) are included explicitly in calculations. Our
model describes simultaneously the available data as well on total and
differential cross sections as on beam and target asymmetries. This holds for
the p(gamma,eta)p reaction for photon energies ranging from very close to
threshold to up to 3 GeV. The polarization observables show strong sensitivity
to resonances that otherwise contribute only weakly to the total cross section.
It is found that the pronounced bump-like structure seen in the excitation
function of the n(gamma,eta)n cross section at gamma energies around 1 GeV, can
be explained by the interference effects of S_{11}, P_{11} and P_{13} resonance
contributions.


title:
Maximum entangled states and quantum Teleportation via Single Cooper
  pair Box

abstract:
  In this contribution, we study a single Cooper pair box interacts with a
single cavity mode. We show the roles played by the detuning parameters and
charged capacities on the degree of entanglement. For large values of the
detuning parameter the survival entanglement increases on the expanse of the
degree of entanglement. We generate a maximum entangled state and use it to
perform the original teleportation protocol. The fidelity of the teleportated
state is increased with decreasing the detuning parameter and the number of
photon inside the cavity.


title:
Reducing Protocol Analysis with XOR to the XOR-free Case in the Horn
  Theory Based Approach

abstract:
  In the Horn theory based approach for cryptographic protocol analysis,
cryptographic protocols and (Dolev-Yao) intruders are modeled by Horn theories
and security analysis boils down to solving the derivation problem for Horn
theories. This approach and the tools based on this approach, including
ProVerif, have been very successful in the automatic analysis of cryptographic
protocols w.r.t. an unbounded number of sessions. However, dealing with the
algebraic properties of operators such as the exclusive OR (XOR) has been
problematic. In particular, ProVerif cannot deal with XOR. In this paper, we
show how to reduce the derivation problem for Horn theories with XOR to the
XOR-free case. Our reduction works for an expressive class of Horn theories. A
large class of intruder capabilities and protocols that employ the XOR operator
can be modeled by these theories. Our reduction allows us to carry out protocol
analysis by tools, such as ProVerif, that cannot deal with XOR, but are very
efficient in the XOR-free case. We implemented our reduction and, in
combination with ProVerif, applied it in the automatic analysis of several
protocols that use the XOR operator. In one case, we found a new attack.


title: Symplectic invariants, Virasoro constraints and Givental decomposition

abstract:
  Following the works of Alexandrov, Mironov and Morozov, we show that the
symplectic invariants of \cite{EOinvariants} built from a given spectral curve
satisfy a set of Virasoro constraints associated to each pole of the
differential form $ydx$ and each zero of $dx$ . We then show that they satisfy
the same constraints as the partition function of the Matrix M-theory defined
by Alexandrov, Mironov and Morozov. The duality between the different matrix
models of this theory is made clear as a special case of dualities between
symplectic invariants. Indeed, a symplectic invariant admits two decomposition:
as a product of Kontsevich integrals on the one hand, and as a product of 1
hermitian matrix integral on the other hand. These two decompositions can be
though of as Givental formulae for the KP tau functions.


title:
A method to create disordered vortex arrays in atomic Bose-Einstein
  condensates

abstract:
  We suggest a method to create turbulence in a trapped atomic Bose-Einstein
condensate (BEC). By replacing in the upper half part of our box the wave
function, Psi, with its complex conjugate, Psi^{*}, new negative vortices are
introduced into the system. The simulations are performed by solving the
two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation (2D GPE). We study the successive
dynamics of the wave function by monitoring the evolution of density and phase
profile.


title: On the origin of radio emission in radio quiet quasars

abstract:
  The radio emission in radio loud quasars originates in a jet carrying
relativistic electrons. In radio quiet quasars (RQQs) the relative radio
emission is ~10^3 times weaker, and its origin is not established yet. We show
here that there is a strong correlation between the radio luminosity (L_R) and
X-ray luminosity (L_X) with L_R~10^-5L_X, for the radio quiet Palomar-Green
(PG) quasar sample. The sample is optically selected, with nearly complete
radio and X-ray detections, and thus this correlation cannot be due to direct
selection biases. The PG quasars lie on an extension of a similar correlation
noted by Panessa et al., for a small sample of nearby low luminosity type 1
AGN. A remarkably similar correlation, known as the Guedel-Benz relation, where
L_R/L_X~10^-5, holds for coronally active stars. The Guedel-Benz relation,
together with correlated stellar X-ray and radio variability, implies that the
coronae are magnetically heated. We therefore raise the possibility that AGN
coronae are also magnetically heated, and that the radio emission in RQQ also
originates in coronal activity. If correct, then RQQ should generally display
compact flat cores at a few GHz due to synchrotron self-absorption, while at a
few hundred GHz we should be able to see directly the X-ray emitting corona,
and relatively rapid and large amplitude variability, correlated with the X-ray
variability, is likely to be seen. We also discuss possible evidence that the
radio and X-ray emission in ultra luminous X-ray sources and Galactic black
holes may be of coronal origin as well.


title: Rejoinder: The 2005 Neyman Lecture: Dynamic Indeterminism in Science

abstract:
  Rejoinder to ``The 2005 Neyman Lecture: Dynamic Indeterminism in Science''
[arXiv:0808.0620]


title: Criteria equivalent to the Riemann Hypothesis

abstract:
  We give a brief overview of a few criteria equivalent to the Riemann
Hypothesis. Next we concentrate on the Riesz and B{\'a}ez-Duarte criteria. We
proof that they are equivalent and we provide some computer data to support
them. It is not compressed to six pages version of the talk delivered by M.W.
during the XXVII Workshop on Geometrical Methods in Physics, 28 June -- 6 July,
2008, Bia{\l}owie{\.z}a, Poland.


title: Distance to VY Canis Majoris with VERA

abstract:
  We report astrometric observations of H2O masers around the red supergiant VY
Canis Majoris (VY CMa) carried out with VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry
(VERA). Based on astrometric monitoring for 13 months, we successfully measured
a trigonometric parallax of 0.88 +/- 0.08 mas, corresponding to a distance of
1.14 +0.11/-0.09 kpc. This is the most accurate distance to VY CMa and the
first one based on an annual parallax measurement. The luminosity of VY CMa has
been overestimated due to a previously accepted distance. With our result, we
re-estimate the luminosity of VY CMa to be (3 +/- 0.5) x 10^5 L_sun using the
bolometric flux integrated over optical and IR wavelengths. This improved
luminosity value makes location of VY CMa on the Hertzsprung-Russel (HR)
diagram much closer to the theoretically allowable zone (i.e. the left side of
the Hayashi track) than previous ones, though uncertainty in the effective
temperature of the stellar surface still does not permit us to make a final
conclusion.


title: How to use retarded Green's functions in de Sitter spacetime

abstract:
  We demonstrate in examples that the covariant retarded Green's functions in
electromagnetism and linearized gravity work as expected in de Sitter
spacetime. We first clarify how retarded Green's functions should be used in
spacetimes with spacelike past infinity such as de Sitter spacetime. In
particular, we remind the reader of a general formula which gives the field for
given initial data on a Cauchy surface and a given source (a charge or
stress-energy tensor distribution) in its future. We then apply this formula to
three examples: (i) electromagnetism in the future of a Cauchy surface in
Minkowski spacetime, (ii) electromagnetism in de Sitter spacetime, and (iii)
linearized gravity in de Sitter spacetime. In each example the field is
reproduced correctly as predicted by the general argument. In the third example
we construct a linearized gravitational field from two equal point masses
located at the "North and South Poles" which is non-singular on the
cosmological horizon and satisfies a covariant gauge condition and show that
this field is reproduced by the retarded Green's function with corresponding
gauge parameters.


title: Molecules in Coorbit Spaces and Boundedness of Operators

abstract:
  We study the notion of molecules in coorbit spaces. The main result states
that if an operator, originally defined on an appropriate space of test
functions, maps atoms to molecules, then it can be extended to a bounded
operator on coorbit spaces. For time-frequency molecules we recover some
boundedness results on modulation spaces, for time-scale molecules we obtain
the boundedness on homogenous Besov spaces.


title:
Modeling vacancies and hydrogen impurities in graphene: A molecular
  point of view

abstract:
  We have followed a "molecular" approach to study impurity effects in
graphene. This is thought as the limiting case of an infinitely large cluster
of benzene rings. Therefore, we study several carbon clusters, with increasing
size, from phenalene, including three benzene rings, up to coronene 61, with 61
benzene rings. The impurities considered were a chemisorbed H atom, a vacancy,
and a substitutional proton. We performed HF and UHF calculations using the
STO-3G basis set. With increasing cluster size in the absence of impurities, we
find a decreasing energy gap, here defined as the HOMO-LUMO difference. In the
case of H chemisorption or a vacancy, the gap does not decrease appreciably,
whereas it is substantially reduced in the case of a substitutional proton. The
presence of an impurity invariably induces an increase of the density of states
near the HOMO level. We find a zero mode only in the case of a substitutional
proton. In agreement with experiments, we find that both the chemisorbed H, the
substitutional proton, and the C atom near a vacancy acquire a magnetic moment.
The relevance of graphene clusters for the design of novel electronic devices
is also discussed.


title: Verbal Autopsy Methods with Multiple Causes of Death

abstract:
  Verbal autopsy procedures are widely used for estimating cause-specific
mortality in areas without medical death certification. Data on symptoms
reported by caregivers along with the cause of death are collected from a
medical facility, and the cause-of-death distribution is estimated in the
population where only symptom data are available. Current approaches analyze
only one cause at a time, involve assumptions judged difficult or impossible to
satisfy, and require expensive, time-consuming, or unreliable physician
reviews, expert algorithms, or parametric statistical models. By generalizing
current approaches to analyze multiple causes, we show how most of the
difficult assumptions underlying existing methods can be dropped. These
generalizations also make physician review, expert algorithms and parametric
statistical assumptions unnecessary. With theoretical results, and empirical
analyses in data from China and Tanzania, we illustrate the accuracy of this
approach. While no method of analyzing verbal autopsy data, including the more
computationally intensive approach offered here, can give accurate estimates in
all circumstances, the procedure offered is conceptually simpler, less
expensive, more general, as or more replicable, and easier to use in practice
than existing approaches. We also show how our focus on estimating aggregate
proportions, which are the quantities of primary interest in verbal autopsy
studies, may also greatly reduce the assumptions necessary for, and thus
improve the performance of, many individual classifiers in this and other
areas. As a companion to this paper, we also offer easy-to-use software that
implements the methods discussed herein.


title: Cooper problem in a lattice

abstract:
  Cooper problem for interacting fermions is solved in a lattice. It is found
that the binding energy of the Cooper problem can behave qualitatively
differently from the gap parameter of the BCS theory and that pairs of non-zero
center of mass momentum are favored in systems with unequal Fermi energies.


title:
Model Checking Positive Equality-free FO: Boolean Structures and
  Digraphs of Size Three

abstract:
  We study the model checking problem, for fixed structures A, over positive
equality-free first-order logic -- a natural generalisation of the non-uniform
quantified constraint satisfaction problem QCSP(A). We prove a complete
complexity classification for this problem when A ranges over 1.) boolean
structures and 2.) digraphs of size (less than or equal to) three. The former
class displays dichotomy between Logspace and Pspace-complete, while the latter
class displays tetrachotomy between Logspace, NP-complete, co-NP-complete and
Pspace-complete.


title: $n$-dimensional ratio-dependent predator-prey systems with memory

abstract:
  This paper deals with ratio-dependent predator-prey systems with delay. We
will investigate under what conditions delay cannot cause instability in higher
dimension. We give an example when delay causes instability.


title: Dark Energy and Electrons

abstract:
  In the light of recent developments in Dark Energy, we consider the electron
in a such a background field and show that at the Compton wavelength the
electron is stable, in that the Cassini inward pressure exactly counterbalances
the outward Coulomb repulsive pressure thus answering a problem of the earlier
electron theory.


title:
Summary of the 3rd International Workshop on a Far Detector in Korea for
  the J-PARC Beam

abstract:
  The 3rd International Workshop on a Far Detector in Korea for the J-PARC
Neutrino Beam was held at the Hongo Campus of Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan on
Sep. 30th and October 1, 2007. Forty seven physicists from Japan and Korea, as
well as Europe and USA, participated in the workshop and discussed the physics
opportunities offered by the J-PARC conventional neutrino beam detected by a
new large underground neutrino detector in Korea. In this paper, we highlight
some of the most relevant findings of the workshop.


title: Bipartite Units of Non-Locality

abstract:
  Imagine a task in which a group of separated players aim to simulate a
statistic that violates a Bell inequality. Given measurement choices the
players shall announce an output based solely on the results of local
operations -- which they can discuss before the separation -- on shared random
data and shared copies of a so-called unit correlation. In the first part of
this article we show that in such a setting the simulation of any bipartite
correlation, not containing the possibility of signaling, can be made
arbitrarily accurate by increasing the number of shared Popescu-Rohrlich (PR)
boxes. This establishes the PR box as a simple asymptotic unit of bipartite
nonlocality. In the second part we study whether this property extends to the
multipartite case. More generally, we ask if it is possible for separated
players to asymptotically reproduce any nonsignaling statistic by local
operations on bipartite unit correlations. We find that non-adaptive strategies
are limited by a constant accuracy and that arbitrary strategies on n resource
correlations make a mistake with a probability greater or equal to c/n, for
some constant c.


title: Fresnel interferometric arrays for space-based imaging: testbed results

abstract:
  This paper presents the results of a Fresnel Interferometric Array testbed.
This new concept of imager involves diffraction focussing by a thin foil, in
which many thousands of punched subapertures form a pattern related to a
Fresnel zone plate. This kind of array is intended for use in space, as a way
to realizing lightweight large apertures for high angular resolution and high
dynamic range observations. The chromaticity due to diffraction focussing is
corrected by a small diffractive achromatizer placed close to the focal plane
of the array.
  The laboratory test results presented here are obtained with an 8 centimeter
side orthogonal array, yielding a 23 meter focal length at 600 nm wavelength.
The primary array and the focal optics have been designed and assembled in our
lab. This system forms an achromatic image. Test targets of various shapes,
sizes, dynamic ranges and intensities have been imaged. We present the first
images, the achieved dynamic range, and the angular resolution.


title: On the formal grade of finitely generated modules over local rings

abstract:
  Let \fa be an ideal of a local ring (R,\fm) and M a finitely generated
R-module. This paper concerns the notion \fgrade(\fa,M), the formal grade of M
with respect to \fa (i.e. the least integer i such that
{\vpl}_nH^i_{\fm}(M/\fa^n M)\neq 0). We show that \fgrade(\fa,M)\geq \depth
M-\cd_{\fa}(M), and as a result, we establish a new characterization of
Cohen-Macaulay modules. As an application of this characterization, we show
that if M is Cohen-Macaulay and L a pure submodule of M with the same support
as M, then \fgrade(\fa,L)=\fgrade(\fa,M). Also, we give a generalization of the
Hochster-Eagon result on Cohen-Macaulayness of invariant rings.


title: Top Quark Mass Measurements at the Tevatron

abstract:
  Top quark mass measurements from the Tevatron using up to \invfb{2.0} of data
are presented. Prospects for combined Tevatron measurements by the end of Run
II are discussed.


title: Turbulent AGN tori

abstract:
  Recently, the MID-infrared Interferometric instrument (MIDI) at the VLTI has
shown that dust tori in the two nearby Seyfert galaxies NGC 1068 and the
Circinus galaxy are geometrically thick and can be well described by a thin,
warm central disk, surrounded by a colder and fluffy torus component. By
carrying out hydrodynamical simulations with the help of the TRAMP code (Klahr
et al. 1999), we follow the evolution of a young nuclear star cluster in terms
of discrete mass-loss and energy injection from stellar processes. This
naturally leads to a filamentary large scale torus component, where cold gas is
able to flow radially inwards. The filaments open out into a dense and very
turbulent disk structure. In a post-processing step, we calculate observable
quantities like spectral energy distributions or images with the help of the 3D
radiative transfer code MC3D (Wolf 2003). Good agreement is found in
comparisons with data due to the existence of almost dust-free lines of sight
through the large scale component and the large column densities caused by the
dense disk.


title: An estimate of the prehadron production time

abstract:
  A semi-quantitative estimate of the prehadron production time based on recent
preliminary HERMES data on hadron transverse momentum broadening in nuclear DIS
is presented. The obtained production time can well explain the data except for
their dependence on the photon virtuality, which remains a challenge to current
theoretical models. A few mechanisms that may contribute to its explanation are
suggested, along with possible experimental tests. The average time scale at
HERMES is found to be of the order of 4-5 fm, comparable to heavy nuclei radii,
so that by suitable kinematic cuts it will be possible to study both the case
in which hadronization starts inside and the case in which it starts outside
the nucleus. A comparison with recent CLAS preliminary data, which
qualitatively but not quantitatively agree with HERMES, is performed.


title: High-Breakdown Robust Multivariate Methods

abstract:
  When applying a statistical method in practice it often occurs that some
observations deviate from the usual assumptions. However, many classical
methods are sensitive to outliers. The goal of robust statistics is to develop
methods that are robust against the possibility that one or several unannounced
outliers may occur anywhere in the data. These methods then allow to detect
outlying observations by their residuals from a robust fit. We focus on
high-breakdown methods, which can deal with a substantial fraction of outliers
in the data. We give an overview of recent high-breakdown robust methods for
multivariate settings such as covariance estimation, multiple and multivariate
regression, discriminant analysis, principal components and multivariate
calibration.


title:
Advances in the measurement of the Lense-Thirring effect with Satellite
  Laser Ranging in the gravitational field of the Earth

abstract:
  In this Chapter we deal with the attempts to measure the general relativistic
gravitomagnetic Lense-Thirring effect with the Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR)
technique applied to the existing LAGEOS and LAGEOS II terrestrial satellites
and to the recently approved LARES.

categories: gr-qc astro-ph physics.geo-ph physics.space-ph


title:
Enhancement of On-Site Interactions of Tunnelling Ultracold Atoms in
  Optical Potentials using Radio-Frequency Dressing

abstract:
  We show how it is possible to more than double the on-site interaction energy
of neutral atoms in optical potentials by the technique of radio-frequency (rf)
dressing, while maintaining interwell dynamics. We calculate Bose-Hubbard
parameters for rf dressed optical lattices and arrays of rf dressed dipole
traps. We show that decreasing the distance between wells, by the interpolation
of wells confining different m_F states, increases the interaction energy more
than decreasing the height of the classically forbidden region between existing
wells. The schemes we propose have negligible Landau-Zener losses caused by
atomic motion; this was a dominant effect in the first experimental
demonstration of the modification of an optical potential by radio-frequency
dressing.


title: Thermal Conductivity for a Noisy Disordered Harmonic Chain

abstract:
  We consider a $d$-dimensional disordered harmonic chain (DHC) perturbed by an
energy conservative noise. We obtain uniform in the volume upper and lower
bounds for the thermal conductivity defined through the Green-Kubo formula.
These bounds indicate a positive finite conductivity. We prove also that the
infinite volume homogenized Green-Kubo formula converges.

categories: cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.MP math.PR


title: Superdiffusivity of Asymmetric Energy Model in Dimension One and Two

abstract:
  We discuss an asymmetric energy model (AEM) introduced by Giardina et al. in
\cite{7}. This model is expected to belong to the KPZ class. We obtain lower
bounds for the diffusion coefficient. In particular, the diffusion coefficient
is diverging in dimension one and two as it is expected in the KPZ picture.


title: Stationary non-equilibrium properties for a heat conduction model

abstract:
  We consider a stochastic heat conduction model for solids composed by N
interacting atoms. The system is in contact with two heat baths at different
temperature $T_\ell$ and $T_r$. The bulk dynamics conserve two quantities: the
energy and the deformation between atoms. If $T_\ell \neq T_r$, a heat flux
takes place in the system. For large $N$, the system adopts a linear
temperature profile between $T_\ell$ and $T_r$. We establish the hydrodynamic
limit for the two conserved quantities. We introduce the fluctuations field of
the energy and of the deformation in the non-equilibrium steady state. As $N$
goes to infinity, we show that this field converges to a Gaussian field and we
compute the limiting covariance matrix. The main contribution of the paper is
the study of large deviations for the temperature profile in the
non-equilibrium stationary state. A variational formula for the rate function
is derived following the recent macroscopic fluctuation theory of Bertini et
al.


title: Introductory Lectures on String Theory

abstract:
  We give an elementary introduction to classical and quantum bosonic string
theory.


title:
Comprehensive Analysis of Neutrinos in SK part I --Directions of the
  Incident Neutrinos and the Produced Leptons--

abstract:
  Super-Kamiokande collaboration assumes that the direction of every observed
lepton coincides with the incoming direction of the incident neutrino, which is
the fundamental basement throughout all their analysis on neutrino oscillation.
We examine whether this assumption to explain the experimental results on
neutrino oscillation is theoretically acceptable. Treating every physical
process concerned stochastically, we have examined if this assumption just
cited is acceptable. As the result of it, we have shown that this assumption
does not hold even if statistically.


title:
Weighted distance transforms generalized to modules and their
  computation on point lattices

abstract:
  This paper presents the generalization of weighted distances to modules and
their computation through the chamfer algorithm on general point lattices. The
first part is dedicated to formalization of definitions and properties
(distance, metric, norm) of weighted distances on modules. It resumes tools
found in literature to express the weighted distance of any point of a module
and to compute optimal weights in the general case to get rotation invariant
distances. The second part of this paper proves that, for any point lattice,
the sequential two-scan chamfer algorithm produces correct distance maps.
Finally, the definitions and computation of weighted distances are applied to
the face-centered cubic (FCC) and body-centered cubic (BCC) grids.


title: Density Matrix Renormalization Group in the Heisenberg Picture

abstract:
  In some cases the state of a quantum system with a large number of subsystems
can be approximated efficiently by the density matrix renormalization group,
which makes use of redundancies in the description of the state. Here we show
that the achievable efficiency can be much better when performing density
matrix renormalization group calculations in the Heisenberg picture, as only
the observable of interest but not the entire state is considered. In some
non-trivial cases, this approach can even be exact for finite bond dimensions.


title: Geometry of minimal energy Yang-Mills connections

abstract:
  We study the converse to the statement that instantons are minimizers of the
Yang--Mills energy in four dimensions. We show that given an energy minimizing
connection, A, the curvature of A takes values in a subbundle of the adjoint
bundle which decomposes as a sum of instantons.


title:
Dynamics of non-harmonic internal gravity wave packets in stratified
  media

abstract:
  In the paper taking the assumption of the slowness of the change of the
parameters of the vertically stratified medium in the horizontal direction and
in time, the evolution of the non-harmonic wave packages of the internal
gravity waves has been analyzed. The concrete form of the wave packages can be
expressed through some model functions and is defined by the local behavior of
the dispersive curves of the separate modes near to the corresponding special
points. The solution of this problem is possible with the help of the modified
variant of the special-time ray method offered by the authors (the method of
geometrical optics), the basic difference of which consists that the asymptotic
representation of the solution may be found in the form the series of the
non-integer degrees of some small parameter. At that the exponent depends on
the concrete form of representation of this package. The obvious kind of the
representation is determined from the principle of the localness and the
asymptotic behavior of the solution in the stationary and the
horizontally-homogeneous case. The phases of the wave packages are determined
from the corresponding equations of the eikonal, which can be solved
numerically on the characteristics (rays). Amplitudes of the wave packages are
determined from the laws of conservation of the some invariants along the
characteristics (rays).


title:
Spin Density Matrix Elements from diffractive $\phi$ meson production at
  HERMES

abstract:
  Exclusive production of $\phi$ mesons on hydrogen and deuterium targets is
studied in the HERMES kinematic region $1 < Q^{2} < 7$ GeV$^2$ and $3.0 < W <
6.3$ GeV. Spin density matrix elements and their $Q^{2}$ and $t$ dependences
are presented. These data are consistent with s-channel helicity conservation
in exclusive $\phi$ meson production. No significant evidence for the
contribution of unnatural-parity-exchange amplitudes is found.


title: Low energy properties of the random displacement model

abstract:
  We study low-energy properties of the random displacement model, a random
Schr\"odinger operator describing an electron in a randomly deformed lattice.
All periodic displacement configurations which minimize the bottom of the
spectrum are characterized. While this configuration is essentially unique for
dimension greater than one, there are infinitely many different minimizing
configurations in the one-dimensional case. The latter leads to unusual low
energy asymptotics for the integrated density of states of the one-dimensional
random displacement model. For symmetric Bernoulli-distributed displacements it
has a $1/\log^2$-singularity at the bottom of the spectrum. In particular, it
is not H\"older-continuous.


title: Thickness of the strangelet-crystal crust of a strange star

abstract:
  It has recently been pointed out that if the surface tension of quark matter
is low enough, the surface of a strange star will be a crust consisting of a
crystal of charged strangelets in a neutralizing background of electrons. This
affects the behavior of the surface, and must be taken into account in efforts
to observationally rule out strange stars. We calculate the thickness of this
``mixed phase'' crust, taking into account the effects of surface tension and
Debye screening of electric charge. Our calculation uses a generic
parametrization of the equation of state of quark matter. For a reasonable
range of quark matter equations of state, and surface tension of order a few
MeV/fm^2, we find that the preferred crystal structure always involves
spherical strangelets, not rods or slabs of quark matter. We find that for a
star of radius 10 km and mass 1.5 Msolar, the strangelet-crystal crust can be
from zero to hundreds of meters thick, the thickness being greater when the
strange quark is heavier, and the surface tension is smaller. For smaller quark
stars the crust will be even thicker.


title: Status of Lattice Studies of the QCD Phase Diagram

abstract:
  Determining the QCD phase diagram is a pressing task in view of its relevance
for nuclear and astro-particle physics programmes. We review the current status
of lattice calculations of the phase diagram in the (T,\mu_B)-plane for baryon
chemical potentials \mu_B < 500 MeV. At \mu_B=0, simulations of staggered
fermion actions predict the quark hadron transition to be a crossover in the
continuum limit. As a baryon chemical potential is turned on, there is mounting
evidence on coarse lattices for the crossover to weaken, rather than turning
into a true phase transition at a critical point, as predicted by earlier
simulations.


title:
Pseudoscalar perturbations and polarization of the cosmic microwave
  background

abstract:
  We show that models of new particle physics containing massless pseudoscalar
fields super-weakly coupled to photons can be very efficiently probed with CMB
polarization anisotropies. The stochastic pseudoscalar fluctuations generated
during inflation provide a mechanism for converting E-mode polarization to
B-mode during photon propagation from the surface of last scattering. The
efficiency of this conversion process is controlled by the dimensionless ratio
H/(2\pi f_a), where H is the Hubble scale during inflation, and f_a^{-1} is the
strength of the pseudoscalar coupling to photons. The current observational
limits on the B-mode constrain this ratio to be less than 0.07, which in many
models of inflation translates to a sensitivity to values of f_a in excess of
10^{14} GeV, surpassing the sensitivity of other tests.


title: CP violation of tau -> K pi(eta, eta') nu decays

abstract:
  We study direct CP violation of tau -> K pi(eta,eta')nu decays. By studying
the forward and backward asymmetry, the interference of L=0 and L=1 amplitudes
of the hadronic system can be extracted.
  By including the scalar and vector mesons into the chiral Lagrangian, we
compute the form factors which correspond to L=0 and L=1 angular momentum state
of the hadronic system. We include real and imaginary parts of the one loop
corrections to the self-energies of the scalar and vector mesons.
  The direct CP violation of the forward and backward asymmetry is computed
using a two Higgs doublet model in which a new CP violating phase is
introduced. We show how the CP violation of the forward and the backward
asymmetry may depend on the new CP violating phase and the strong phase of the
form factors.


title: Asymptotic entanglement in open quantum systems

abstract:
  In the framework of the theory of open systems based on completely positive
quantum dynamical semigroups, we solve in the asymptotic long-time regime the
master equation for two independent harmonic oscillators interacting with an
environment. We give a description of the continuous-variable asymptotic
entanglement in terms of the covariance matrix of the considered subsystem for
an arbitrary Gaussian input state. Using Peres--Simon necessary and sufficient
condition for separability of two-mode Gaussian states, we show that for
certain classes of environments the initial state evolves asymptotically to an
entangled equilibrium bipartite state, while for other values of the
coefficients describing the environment, the asymptotic state is separable. We
calculate also the logarithmic negativity characterizing the degree of
entanglement of the asymptotic state.


title: System-bath entanglement in nanothermodynamics

abstract:
  We consider a quantum harmonic oscillator linearly coupled to a bath of
harmonic oscillators and evaluate the degree of entanglement between system and
bath using the negativity as an exact entanglement measure. We establish the
existence of a critical temperature above which the system-bath negativity
vanishes. Our results imply that system-bath entanglement is not responsible
for the violation of the Clausius inequality observed in the low
temperature/strong coupling regime [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1799 (2000)], as the
latter still occurs well above the critical temperature.


title: The CDF L2 Track Trigger Upgrade

abstract:
  This proceedings describes the XFT stereo upgrade for the CDF Level 2 trigger
system. Starting with the stereo finder boards, up to the XFT stereo track
algorithim implementation in the Level 2 PC. This proceedings will discuss the
effectiveness of the Level 2 Stereo track algorithm at achieving reduced
trigger rates with high efficiencies during high luminosity running.


title:
Evidence for the band broadening across the ferromagnetic transition in
  Cr$_{1/3}$NbSe$_2$

abstract:
  The electronic structure of Cr$_{1/3}$NbSe$_2$ is studied via optical
spectroscopy. We observe two low-energy interband transitions in the
paramagnetic phase, which split into four peaks as the compound enters the
ferromagnetic state. The band structure calculation indicates the four peaks
are interband transitions to the spin up Cr e$_g$ states. We show that the peak
splitting below the Curie temperature is \emph{not} due to the exchange
splitting of spin up and down bands, but directly reflects a band broadening
effect in Cr-derived states upon the spontaneous ferromagnetic ordering.


title: Quantum Cellular Automata

abstract:
  Quantum cellular automata (QCA) are reviewed, including early and more recent
proposals. QCA are a generalization of (classical) cellular automata (CA) and
in particular of reversible CA. The latter are reviewed shortly. An overview is
given over early attempts by various authors to define one-dimensional QCA.
These turned out to have serious shortcomings which are discussed as well.
Various proposals subsequently put forward by a number of authors for a general
definition of one- and higher-dimensional QCA are reviewed and their properties
such as universality and reversibility are discussed.


title:
Model for Vortex-core tunneling spectroscopy of chiral p-wave
  superconductors via odd-frequency pairing states

abstract:
  The local density of states (LDOS) around a vortex core is studied
theoretically in terms of the odd-frequency (odd-omega) Cooper pairing induced
around the center of the vortex core. We find a robust zero-energy peak in the
LDOS at a vortex core in a chiral p-wave superconductor originating from an
odd-omega s-wave pair amplitude. We suggest how to discriminate a spin-triplet
pairing symmetry and spatial chiral-domain structure by scanning tunneling
spectroscopy via odd-omega pair amplitudes inside vortex cores.


title:
Spectral functions of strongly interacting isospin-1/2 bosons in one
  dimension

abstract:
  We study a system of one-dimensional (iso)spin-1/2 bosons in the regime of
strong repulsive interactions. We argue that the low-energy spectrum of the
system consists of acoustic density waves and the spin excitations described by
an effective ferromagnetic spin chain with a small exchange constant J. We use
this description to compute the dynamic spin structure factor and the spectral
functions of the system.


title:
Relativistic light-on-heavy nuclear collisions and the implied rapidity
  asymmetry

abstract:
  We calculate pseudorapidity ($\eta$) asymmetry in $pA$ and $dA$ collisions in
a pQCD-improved parton model. With the calculations tuned to describe existing
spectra from $pp$ collisions and asymmetric systems at midrapidity and large
rapidities at FNAL and RHIC energies, we investigate the roles of nuclear
shadowing and multiple scattering on the observed asymmetry. Using this
framework, we make predictions for pseudorapidity asymmetries at high $p_T$ and
large $\eta$ in a wide range of energies up to LHC.


title: Experimental Results on Diffraction

abstract:
  Results on diffractive scattering observed at HERA and at the TEVATRON are
reviewed. This includes the extraction of diffractive parton density functions
and determination of the rapidity gap survival probability at HERA and the
observation of central exclusive production of final states at the TEVATRON.
Finally, preparations to observe diffractive signals at the LHC are discussed.


title:
9-variable Boolean Functions with Nonlinearity 242 in the Generalized
  Rotation Class

abstract:
  In 2006, 9-variable Boolean functions having nonlinearity 241, which is
strictly greater than the bent concatenation bound of 240, have been discovered
in the class of Rotation Symmetric Boolean Functions (RSBFs) by Kavut, Maitra
and Yucel. To improve this nonlinearity result, we have firstly defined some
subsets of the n-variable Boolean functions as the "generalized classes of
k-RSBFs and k-DSBFs (k-Dihedral Symmetric Boolean Functions)", where k is a
positive integer dividing n and k-RSBFs is a subset of l-RSBFs if k < l.
Secondly, utilizing the steepest-descent like iterative heuristic search
algorithm used previously to identify the 9-variable RSBFs with nonlinearity
241, we have made a search within the classes of 3-RSBFs and 3-DSBFs. The
search has accomplished to find 9-variable Boolean functions with nonlinearity
242 in both of these classes. It should be emphasized that although the class
of 3-RSBFs contains functions with nonlinearity 242; 1-RSBFs or simply RSBFs,
which is a subset of 3-RSBFs, does not contain any. This result also shows that
the covering radius of the first order Reed-Muller code R(1, 9) is at least
equal to 242. Thirdly, motivated by the fact that RSBFs are invariant under a
special permutation of the input vector, we have classified all possible
permutations up to the linear equivalence of Boolean functions that are
invariant under those permutations. Specifically, for 9-variable Boolean
functions, 9! possible permutations are classified into 30 classes; and the
search algorithm identifies some of these classes as "rich". The rich classes
yield new Boolean functions with nonlinearity 242 having different
autocorrelation spectra from those of the functions found in the generalized
3-RSBF and 3-DSBF classes.


title:
Identification of different types of kink modes in coronal loops:
  principles and application to TRACE results

abstract:
  We explore the possible observational signatures of different types of kink
modes (horizontal and vertical oscillations in their fundamental mode and
second harmonic) that may arise in coronal loops, with the aim of determining
how well the individual modes can be uniquely identified from time series of
images. A simple, purely geometrical model is constructed to describe the
different types of kink-mode oscillations. These are then `observed' from a
given direction. In particular, we employ the 3D geometrical parameters of 14
TRACE loops of transverse oscillations to try to identify the correct observed
wave mode. We find that for many combinations of viewing and loop geometry it
is not straightforward to distinguish between at least two types of kink modes
just using time series of images. We also considered Doppler signatures and
find that these can help obtain unique identifications of the oscillation modes
when employed in combination with imaging. We then compare the modeled spatial
signatures with the observations of 14 TRACE loops. We find that out of three
oscillations previously identified as fundamental horizontal mode oscillations,
two cases appear to be fundamental vertical mode oscillations (but possibly
combined with the fundamental horizontal mode), and one case appears to be a
combination of the fundamental vertical and horizontal modes, while in three
cases it is not possible to clearly distinguish between the fundamental mode
and the second-harmonic of the horizontal oscillation. In five other cases it
is not possible to clearly distinguish between a fundamental horizontal mode
and the second-harmonic of a vertical mode.


title: Quantum cryptography with polarization, phase and time encoding

abstract:
  We develop and present a quantum cryptography concept in which phase
determinations are made from the time that a photon is detected, as opposed to
where the photon is detected, and hence is a non-interferometric process. The
phase-encoded quantum information is contained in temporal and polarization
superpositions of single photon states, forming a complex qudit of Hilbert
dimension D equal to or greater than 4. Based on this, we have developed a new
quantum key distribution protocol that allows the generation of secret key in
the presence of higher noise than is possible with other protocols.


title: Zero temperature phase diagram of the square-shoulder system

abstract:
  Particles that interact via a square-shoulder potential, consisting of an
impenetrable hard core with an adjacent, repulsive, step-like corona, are able
to self-organize in a surprisingly rich variety of rather unconventional
ordered structures. Using optimization strategies that are based on ideas of
genetic algorithms we encounter, as we systematically increase the pressure,
the following archetypes of aggregates: low-symmetry cluster and columnar
phases, followed by lamellar particle arrangements, until at high pressure
values compact, high-symmetry lattices emerge. These structures are
characterized in the NPT ensemble as configurations of minimum Gibbs free
energy. Based on simple considerations, i.e., basically minimizing the number
of overlapping coronae while maximizing at the same time the density, the
sequence of emerging structures can easily be understood.


title: Arithmetic differential operators on Z_p

abstract:
  We prove that a function f from Z_p to itself is analytic if and only if it
can be represented as f(x)=F(x, dx, ..., d^r x) where dx=(x-x^p)/p is the
Fermat quotient operator and F is a restricted power series with coefficients
in Z_p.


title:
Comparing pertinent effects of antiferromagnetic fluctuations in the two
  and three dimensional Hubbard model

abstract:
  We use the dynamical vertex approximation (D$\Gamma$A) with a Moriyaesque $%
\lambda$ correction for studying the impact of antiferromagnetic fluctuations
on the spectral function of the Hubbard model in two and three dimensions. Our
results show the suppression of the quasiparticle weight in three dimensions
and dramatically stronger impact of spin fluctuations in two dimensions where
the pseudogap is formed at low enough temperatures. Even in the presence of the
Hubbard subbands, the origin of the pseudogap at weak-to-intermediate coupling
is in the splitting of the quasiparticle peak. At stronger coupling (closer to
the insulating phase) the splitting of Hubbard subbands is expected instead.
The $\mathbf{k}$-dependence of the self energy appears to be also much more
pronounced in two dimensions as can be observed in the $\mathbf{k}$-resolved
D$\Gamma$A spectra, experimentally accessible by angular resolved photoemission
spectroscopy in layered correlated systems.


title:
Can the $\pi^+\chi_{c1}$ resonance structures be $D^*\bar{D}^*$ and
  $D_1\bar{D}$ molecules?

abstract:
  We use QCD sum rules to study the recently observed resonance-like structures
in the $\pi^+\chi_{c1}$ mass distribution, $Z_1^+(4050)$ and $Z_2^+(4250)$,
considered as $D^{*+}\bar{D}^{*0}$ and $D_1^+\bar{D}^0+ D^+\bar{D}_1^0$
molecules with the quantum number $J^P=0^+$ and $J^P=1^-$ respectively. We
consider the contributions of condensates up to dimension eight and work at
leading order in $\alpha_s$. We obtain $m_{D^*D^*}=(4.15\pm0.12) \GeV$, around
100 MeV above the $D^*D^*$ threshold, and $m_{D_1D}=(4.19\pm 0.22) \GeV$,
around 100 MeV below the $D_1D$ threshold. We conclude that the
$D^{*+}\bar{D}^{*0}$ state is probably a virtual state that is not related with
the $Z_1^+(4050)$ resonance-like structure. In the case of the $D_1D$ molecular
state, considering the errors, its mass is consistent with both $Z_1^+(4050)$
and $Z_2^+(4250)$ resonance-like structures. Therefore, we conclude that no
definite conclusion can be drawn for this state from the present analysis.


title:
Fibre Inflation: Observable Gravity Waves from IIB String
  Compactifications

abstract:
  We introduce a simple string model of inflation, in which the inflaton field
can take trans-Planckian values while driving a period of slow-roll inflation.
This leads naturally to a realisation of large field inflation, inasmuch as the
inflationary epoch is well described by the single-field scalar potential $V =
V_0 (3-4 e^{-\hat\varphi/\sqrt{3}})$. Remarkably, for a broad class of vacua
all adjustable parameters enter only through the overall coefficient $V_0$, and
in particular do not enter into the slow-roll parameters. Consequently these
are determined purely by the number of \e-foldings, $N_e$, and so are not
independent: $\varepsilon \simeq \frac32 \eta^2$. This implies similar
relations among observables like the primordial scalar-to-tensor amplitude,
$r$, and the scalar spectral tilt, $n_s$: $r \simeq 6(n_s - 1)^2$. $N_e$ is
itself more model-dependent since it depends partly on the post-inflationary
reheat history. In a simple reheating scenario a reheating temperature of
$T_{rh}\simeq 10^{9}$ GeV gives $N_e\simeq 58$, corresponding to $n_s\simeq
0.970$ and $r\simeq 0.005$, within reach of future observations. The model is
an example of a class that arises naturally in the context of type IIB string
compactifications with large-volume moduli stabilisation, and takes advantage
of the generic existence there of Kahler moduli whose dominant appearance in
the scalar potential arises from string loop corrections to the Kahler
potential. The inflaton field is a combination of Kahler moduli of a K3-fibered
Calabi-Yau manifold. We believe there are likely to be a great number of models
in this class -- `high-fibre models' -- in which the inflaton starts off far
enough up the fibre to produce observably large primordial gravity waves.