title: Tripartitions do not always discriminate phylogenetic networks

abstract:
  Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees that allow
for the representation of non-treelike evolutionary events, like recombination,
hybridization, or lateral gene transfer. In a recent series of papers devoted
to the study of reconstructibility of phylogenetic networks, Moret, Nakhleh,
Warnow and collaborators introduced the so-called {tripartition metric for
phylogenetic networks. In this paper we show that, in fact, this tripartition
metric does not satisfy the separation axiom of distances (zero distance means
isomorphism, or, in a more relaxed version, zero distance means
indistinguishability in some specific sense) in any of the subclasses of
phylogenetic networks where it is claimed to do so. We also present a subclass
of phylogenetic networks whose members can be singled out by means of their
sets of tripartitions (or even clusters), and hence where the latter can be
used to define a meaningful metric.


title: The Bright and the Dark Side of Malin 1

abstract:
  Malin 1 has long been considered a prototype giant, dark matter dominated Low
Surface Brightness galaxy. Two recent studies, one based on a re-analysis of
VLA HI observations and the other on an archival Hubble I-band image, throw a
new light on this enigmatic galaxy and on its dark/luminous matter properties.


title:
Trionic phase of ultracold fermions in an optical lattice: A variational
  study

abstract:
  To investigate ultracold fermionic atoms of three internal states (colors) in
an optical lattice, subject to strong attractive interaction, we study the
attractive three-color Hubbard model in infinite dimensions by using a
variational approach. We find a quantum phase transition between a
weak-coupling superconducting phase and a strong-coupling trionic phase where
groups of three atoms are bound to a composite fermion. We show how the
Gutzwiller variational theory can be reformulated in terms of an effective
field theory with three-body interactions and how this effective field theory
can be solved exactly in infinite dimensions by using the methods of dynamical
mean field theory.


title: The Seesaw Mechanism in Quark-Lepton Complementarity

abstract:
  We systematically construct realistic mass matrices for the type-I seesaw
mechanism out of more than 20 trillion possibilities. We use only very generic
assumptions from extended quark-lepton complementarity, i.e., the leptonic
mixing angles between flavor and mass eigenstates are either maximal, or
parameterized by a single small quantity epsilon that is of the order of the
Cabibbo angle epsilon theta_C. The small quantity epsilon also describes all
fermion mass hierarchies. We show that special cases often considered in the
literature, such as having a symmetric Dirac mass matrix or small mixing among
charged leptons, constitute only a tiny fraction of our possibilities.
Moreover, we find that in most cases the spectrum of right-handed neutrino
masses is only mildly hierarchical. As a result, we provide for the charged
leptons and neutrinos a selected list of 1981 qualitatively different Yukawa
coupling matrices (or textures) that are parameterized by the Cabibbo angle and
allow for a perfect fit to current data. In addition, we also briefly show how
the textures could be generated in explicit models from flavor symmetries.


title:
Model of nanocrystal formation in solution by burst nucleation and
  diffusional growth

abstract:
  The phenomenon of burst nucleation in solution, in which a period of apparent
chemical inactivity is followed by a sudden and explosive growth of nucleated
particles from a solute species, has been given a widely accepted qualitative
explanation by LaMer and co-workers. Here, we present a model with the
assumptions of instantaneous thermalization below the critical nucleus size and
irreversible diffusive growth above the critical size, which for the first time
formulates LaMer's explanation of burst nucleation in a manner allowing
quantitative calculations. The behavior of the model at large times is derived,
with the result that the average cluster size, as measured by the number of
atoms, grows linearly with time, while the width of the cluster distribution
grows as the square root of time. We develop an effective numerical scheme to
integrate the equations of the model and compare the asymptotic expressions to
results from numerical simulation. Finally, we discuss the physical effects
which cause real nucleation processes in solution to deviate from the behavior
of the model.


title: AC Josephson properties of phase slip lines in wide tin films

abstract:
  Current steps in the current-voltage characteristics of wide superconducting
Sn films exposed to a microwave irradiation were observed in the resistive
state with phase slip lines. The behaviour of the magnitude of the steps on the
applied irradiation power was found to be similar to that for the current steps
in narrow superconducting channels with phase slip centers and, to some extent,
for the Shapiro steps in Josephson junctions. This provides evidence for the
Josephson properties of the phase slip lines in wide superconducting films and
supports the assumption about similarity between the processes of phase slip in
wide and narrow films.


title:
Evidence for a Long-Standing Top-Heavy IMF in the Central Parsec of the
  Galaxy

abstract:
  We classify 329 late-type giants within 1 parsec of Sgr A*, using the
adaptive optics integral field spectrometer SINFONI on the VLT. These
observations represent the deepest spectroscopic data set so far obtained for
the Galactic Center, reaching a 50% completeness threshold at the approximate
magnitude of the helium-burning red clump (Ks ~ 15.5 mag.). Combining our
spectroscopic results with NaCo H and Ks photometry, we construct an observed
Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, which we quantitatively compare to theoretical
distributions of various star formation histories of the inner Galaxy, using a
chi-squared analysis. Our best-fit model corresponds to continuous star
formation over the last 12 Gyr with a top-heavy initial mass function (IMF).
The similarity of this IMF to the IMF observed for the most recent epoch of
star formation is intriguing and perhaps suggests a connection between recent
star formation and the stars formed throughout the history of the Galactic
Center.


title:
Superfluid-insulator transitions of the Fermi gas with near-unitary
  interactions in a periodic potential

abstract:
  We consider spin-1/2 fermions of mass m with interactions near the unitary
limit. In an applied periodic potential of amplitude V and period a, and with a
density of an even integer number of fermions per unit cell, there is a
second-order quantum phase transition between superfluid and insulating ground
states at a critical V=Vc. We compute the universal ratio Vc m a^2 / h^2 at
N=infinity in a model with Sp(2N) spin symmetry. The insulator interpolates
between a band insulator of fermions and a Mott insulator of fermion pairs. We
discuss implications for recent experiments.


title:
Optical properties of 4 A single-walled carbon nanotubes inside the
  zeolite channels studied from first principles calculations

abstract:
  The structural, electronic, and optical properties of 4 A single-walled
carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) contained inside the zeolite channels have been
studied based upon the density-functional theory in the local-density
approximation (LDA). Our calculated results indicate that the relaxed
geometrical structures for the smallest SWNTs in the zeolite channels are much
different from those of the ideal isolated SWNTs, producing a great effect on
their physical properties. It is found that all three kinds of 4 A SWNTs can
possibly exist inside the Zeolite channels. Especially, as an example, we have
also studied the coupling effect between the ALPO_4-5 zeolite and the tube
(5,0) inside it, and found that the zeolite has real effects on the electronic
structure and optical properties of the inside (5,0) tube.


title:
Ridge Structure associated with the Near-Side Jet in the (Delta
  phi)-(Delta eta) Correlation

abstract:
  In the (Delta phi)-(Delta eta) correlation associated with a near-side jet
observed by the STAR Collaboration in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC [Ref. 1-6],
the ridge structure can be explained by the momentum kick model in which the
ridge particles are identified as medium partons which suffer a collision with
the jet and acquire a momentum kick along the jet direction. If this is indeed
the correct mechanism, the ridge structure associated with the near-side jet
may be used to probe the parton momentum distribution at the moment of the
jet-parton collision, leading to the result that at that instant the parton
temperature is slightly higher and the rapidity width substantially greater
than corresponding quantities of their evolution product inclusive particles at
the end point of the nucleus-nucleus collision.


title:
Ferromagnetism of an all-carbon composite composed of a carbon nanowire
  nside a single-walled carbon nanotube

abstract:
  Using the first-principles spin density functional approach, we have studied
magnetism of a new type of all-carbon nanomaterials, i.e., the carbon nanowires
inserted into the single-walled carbon nanotubes. It is found that if the 1D
carbon nanowire density is not too higher, the ferromagnetic ground state will
be more stable than the antiferromagnetic one, which is caused by weak coupling
between the 1D carbon nanowire and the single-walled carbon nanotube. Also,
both dimerization of the carbon nanowire and carbon vacancy on the tube-wall
are found to enhance the magnetic moment of the composite.


title: A fast multilevel algorithm for graph clustering and community detection

abstract:
  One of the most useful measures of cluster quality is the modularity of a
partition, which measures the difference between the number of the edges
joining vertices from the same cluster and the expected number of such edges in
a random (unstructured) graph. In this paper we show that the problem of
finding a partition maximizing the modularity of a given graph G can be reduced
to a minimum weighted cut problem on a complete graph with the same vertices as
G. We then show that the resulted minimum cut problem can be efficiently solved
with existing software for graph partitioning and that our algorithm finds
clusterings of a better quality and much faster than the existing clustering
algorithms.


title: Protein Folding as a Physical Stochastic Process

abstract:
  We model protein folding as a physical stochastic process as follows. The
unfolded protein chain is treated as a random coil described by SAW
(self-avoiding walk). Folding is induced by hydrophobic forces and other
interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, which can be taken into account by
imposing conditions on SAW. The resulting model is termed CSAW (conditioned
self-avoiding walk. Conceptually, the mathematical basis is a generalized
Langevin equation. In practice, the model is implemented on a computer by
combining SAW and Monte Carlo. To illustrate the flexibility and capabilities
of the model, we consider a number of examples, including folding pathways,
elastic properties, helix formation, and collective modes.


title:
Critical temperature for kaon condensation in color-flavor locked quark
  matter

abstract:
  We study the behavior of Goldstone bosons in color-flavor-locked (CFL) quark
matter at nonzero temperature. Chiral symmetry breaking in this phase of cold
and dense matter gives rise to pseudo-Goldstone bosons, the lightest of these
being the charged and neutral kaons K^+ and K^0. At zero temperature,
Bose-Einstein condensation of the kaons occurs. Since all fermions are gapped,
this kaon condensed CFL phase can, for energies below the fermionic energy gap,
be described by an effective theory for the bosonic modes. We use this
effective theory to investigate the melting of the condensate: we determine the
temperature-dependent kaon masses self-consistently using the two-particle
irreducible effective action, and we compute the transition temperature for
Bose-Einstein condensation. Our results are important for studies of transport
properties of the kaon condensed CFL phase, such as bulk viscosity.


title:
On the generalised Chaplygin gas: worse than a big rip or quieter than a
  sudden singularity?

abstract:
  Although it has been believed that the models with generalised Chaplygin gas
do not contain singularities, in a previous work we have studied how a big
freeze could take place in some kinds of phantom generalised Chaplygin gas. In
the present work, we study some types of generalised Chaplygin gas in order to
show how different sorts of singularities could appears in such models, in the
future or in the past. We point out that: (i) singularities may not be
originated from the phantom nature of the fluid, and (ii) if initially the
tension of the brane in a brane-world Chaplygin model is large enough then an
infrared cut off appears in the past.


title: Frechet topologies on hypoelliptic sheaves

abstract:
  This note is withdrawn. The result and its proof are available in the
literature.


title: Singular loci of Bruhat-Hibi toric varieties

abstract:
  For the toric variety X associated to the Bruhat poset of Schubert varieties
in a minuscule G/P, we describe the singular locus in terms of the faces of the
associated polyhedral cone. We further show that the singular locus is pure of
codimension 3 in X.


title: The Geometry of Genus-One Helicoids

abstract:
  We prove: a properly embedded, genus-one minimal surface that is asymptotic
to a helicoid and that contains two straight lines must intersect that helicoid
precisely in those two lines. In particular, the two lines divide the surface
into two connected components that lie on either side of the helicoid. We prove
an analogous result for periodic helicoid-like surfaces. We also give a simple
condition guaranteeing that an immersed minimal surface with finite genus and
bounded curvature is asymptotic to a helicoid at infinity.


title:
Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics Integral Field Spectroscopy of a
  Tightly Collimated Bipolar Jet from the Herbig Ae star LkHa 233

abstract:
  We have used the integral field spectrograph OSIRIS and laser guide star
adaptive optics at Keck Observatory to obtain high angular resolution (0.06"),
moderate spectral resolution (R ~ 3800) images of the bipolar jet from the
Herbig Ae star LkHa 233, seen in near-IR [Fe II] emission at 1.600 & 1.644
microns. This jet is narrow and tightly collimated, with an opening angle of
only 9 degrees, and has an average radial velocity of ~ 100 km/s. The jet and
counterjet are asymmetric, with the red-shifted jet much clumpier than its
counterpart at the angular resolution of our observations. The observed
properties are in general similar to jets seen around T Tauri stars, though it
has a relatively large mass flux of (1.2e-7 +- 0.3e-7) M_sun/year, near the
high end of the observed mass flux range around T Tauri stars. We also
spatially resolve an inclined circumstellar disk around LkHa 233, which
obscures the star from direct view. By comparison with numerical radiative
transfer disk models, we estimate the disk midplane to be inclined i = 65 +- 5
degrees relative to the plane of the sky. Since the star is seen only in
scattered light at near-infrared wavelengths, we detect only a small fraction
of its intrinsic flux. Because previous estimates of its stellar properties did
not account for this, either LkHa 233 must be located closer than the
previously believed, or its true luminosity must be greater than previously
supposed, consistent with its being a ~4 M_sun star near the stellar birthline.


title:
Moving medium electrodynamics approach for description of the electric
  and magnetic static polarizable properties of the nucleon at low energy

abstract:
  Using the relativistic electrodynamics of continuous media formalism and main
relativistic quantum field theory principles the covariant Lagrangian of
electromagnetic field interaction with polarizable 1/2-spin particles have been
obtained. This Lagrangian let us to determine canonical and metric
energy-momentum tensors as well as low-energy Compton scattering amplitude. The
application of this Lagrangian for the calculation of the radiative correction
to the imaginary part of double virtual Compton scattering is demonstrated.


title:
Hall field induced magnetoresistance oscillations of a two-dimensional
  electron system

abstract:
  We develop a model of the nonlinear response to a DC electrical current of a
two dimensional electron system(2DES) placed on a magnetic field. Based on the
exact solution of the Schroedinger equation in arbitrarily strong electric and
magnetic fields, and separating the relative and guiding center coordinates, a
Kubo-like formula for the current is worked out as a response to the impurity
scattering. Self-consistent expressions determine the longitudinal and Hall
components of the electric field in terms of the DC current. The differential
resistivity displays strong Hall field-induced oscillations, in agreement with
the main features of the phenomenon observed in recent experiments.


title:
Quantum critical behaviour in the superfluid density of strongly
  underdoped ultrathin cuprate films

abstract:
  A central issue in the physics of high temperature superconductors is to
understand superconductivity within a single copper-oxide layer or bilayer, the
fundamental structural unit in the cuprates, and how it is lost with
underdoping. As mobile holes are removed from the CuO_2 planes, the transition
temperature T_C and superfluid density n_S decrease in a surprisingly
correlated fashion in crystals and thick films. We seek to elucidate the
intrinsic physics of bilayers in the strongly underdoped regime, near the
critical doping level where superconductivity disappears. We report
measurements of n_S(T) in films of Y_{1-x}Ca_xBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta} as thin as
two copper-oxide bilayers with T_C's as low as 3 K. In addition to seeing the
two-dimensional (2D) Kosterlitz-Thouless-Berezinski transition at T_C, we
observe a remarkable scaling of T_C with n_S(0) that demonstrates that the
disappearance of superconductivity with underdoping is due to quantum
fluctuations near a T = 0 2D quantum critical point.


title: Production of mesoscopic superpositions with ultracold atoms

abstract:
  We study mesoscopic superpositions of two component Bose-Einstein
condensates. Atomic condensates, with long coherence times, are good systems in
which to study such quantum phenomenon. We show that the mesoscopic
superposition states can be rapidly generated in which the atoms dispersively
interact with the photon field in a cavity. We also discuss the production of
compass states which are generalized Schr\"{o}dinger cat states. The physical
realization of mesoscopic states is important in studying decoherence and
precision measurement.


title:
A New Technique for Heterodyne Spectroscopy: Least-Squares Frequency
  Switching (LSFS)

abstract:
  We describe a new technique for heterodyne spectroscopy, which we call
Least-Squares Frequency Switching, or LSFS. This technique avoids the need for
a traditional reference spectrum, which--when combined with the on-source
spectrum--introduces both noise and systematic artifacts such as ``baseline
wiggles''. In contrast, LSFS derives the spectrum directly, and in addition the
instrumental gain profile. The resulting spectrum retains nearly the full
theoretical sensitivity and introduces no systematic artifacts.
  Here we discuss mathematical details of the technique and use numerical
experiments to explore optimum observing schemas. We outline a modification
suitable for computationally difficult cases as the number of spectral channels
grows beyond several thousand. We illustrate the method with three real-life
examples. In one of practical interest, we created a large contiguous bandwidth
aligning three smaller bandwidths end-to-end; radio astronomers are often faced
with the need for a larger contiguous bandwidth than is provided with the
available correlator.


title: G-Compactness and Groups

abstract:
  Lascar described E_KP as a composition of E_L and the topological closure of
EL. We generalize this result to some other pairs of equivalence relations.
Motivated by an attempt to construct a new example of a non-G-compact theory,
we consider the following example. Assume G is a group definable in a structure
M. We define a structure M_0 consisting of M and X as two sorts, where X is an
affine copy of G and in M_0 we have the structure of M and the action of G on
X. We prove that the Lascar group of M_0 is a semi-direct product of the Lascar
group of M and G/G_L. We discuss the relationship between G-compactness of M
and M_0. This example may yield new examples of non-G-compact theories.


title:
Enhancement of the formation of ultracold $^{85}$Rb$_2$ molecules due to
  resonant coupling

abstract:
  We have studied the effect of resonant electronic state coupling on the
formation of ultracold ground-state $^{85}$Rb$_2$. Ultracold Rb$_2$ molecules
are formed by photoassociation (PA) to a coupled pair of $0_u^+$ states,
$0_u^+(P_{1/2})$ and $0_u^+(P_{3/2})$, in the region below the $5S+5P_{1/2}$
limit. Subsequent radiative decay produces high vibrational levels of the
ground state, $X ^1\Sigma_g^+$. The population distribution of these $X$ state
vibrational levels is monitored by resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization
through the $2 ^1\Sigma_u^+$ state. We find that the populations of vibrational
levels $v''$=112$-$116 are far larger than can be accounted for by the
Franck-Condon factors for $0_u^+(P_{1/2}) \to X ^1\Sigma_g^+$ transitions with
the $0_u^+(P_{1/2})$ state treated as a single channel. Further, the
ground-state molecule population exhibits oscillatory behavior as the PA laser
is tuned through a succession of $0_u^+$ state vibrational levels. Both of
these effects are explained by a new calculation of transition amplitudes that
includes the resonant character of the spin-orbit coupling of the two $0_u^+$
states. The resulting enhancement of more deeply bound ground-state molecule
formation will be useful for future experiments on ultracold molecules.


title: Scalar Meson Spectroscopy with Lattice Staggered Fermions

abstract:
  With sufficiently light up and down quarks the isovector ($a_0$) and
isosinglet ($f_0$) scalar meson propagators are dominated at large distance by
two-meson states. In the staggered fermion formulation of lattice quantum
chromodynamics, taste-symmetry breaking causes a proliferation of two-meson
states that further complicates the analysis of these channels. Many of them
are unphysical artifacts of the lattice approximation. They are expected to
disappear in the continuum limit. The staggered-fermion fourth-root procedure
has its purported counterpart in rooted staggered chiral perturbation theory
(rSXPT). Fortunately, the rooted theory provides a strict framework that
permits the analysis of scalar meson correlators in terms of only a small
number of low energy couplings. Thus the analysis of the point-to-point scalar
meson correlators in this context gives a useful consistency check of the
fourth-root procedure and its proposed chiral realization. Through numerical
simulation we have measured correlators for both the $a_0$ and $f_0$ channels
in the ``Asqtad'' improved staggered fermion formulation in a lattice ensemble
with lattice spacing $a = 0.12$ fm. We analyze those correlators in the context
of rSXPT and obtain values of the low energy chiral couplings that are
reasonably consistent with previous determinations.


title: Photometric Redshifts and Signal-to-Noise

abstract:
  We investigate the impact of photometric signal-to-noise (S/N) on the
precision of photometric redshifts in multi-band imaging surveys, using both
simulations and real data. We simulate the optical 4-band (BVRz) Deep Lens
Survey (DLS, Wittman etal 2002), and use the publicly available Bayesian
Photometric Redshift code BPZ by Benitez (2000). The simulations include a
realistic range of magnitudes and colors and vary from infinite S/N to S/N=5.
The real data are from DLS photometry and two spectroscopic surveys, and
explore a range of S/N by adding noise to initially very high S/N photometry.
Precision degrades steadily as S/N drops, both because of direct S/N effects
and because lower S/N is linked to fainter galaxies with a weaker magnitude
prior. If a simple S/N cut were used, S/N>17 in R (corresponding, in the DLS,
to lower S/N in other bands) would be required to keep the scatter in Deltaz =
(zspec-zphot)/(1+zspec) to less than 0.1. However, cutting on ODDS (a measure
of the peakiness of the probability density function provided by BPZ) greater
than 0.4 provides roughly double the number of usable galaxies with the same
scatter. Ellipticals form the tightest zspec-zphot relation, and cutting on
type=elliptical provides better precision than the ODDS>0.9 cut, but this
eliminates the vast majority of galaxies in a deep survey. In addition to being
more efficient than a type cut, ODDS also has the advantages of working with
all types of galaxies (although ellipticals are overrepresented) and of being a
continuous parameter for which the severity of the cut can be adjusted as
desired.


title:
Regularity of Solutions to Second-Order Integral Functionals in
  Variational Calculus

abstract:
  We obtain regularity conditions of a new type of problems of the calculus of
variations with second-order derivatives. As a corollary, we get non-occurrence
of the Lavrentiev phenomenon. Our main result asserts that autonomous integral
functionals of the calculus of variations with a Lagrangian having
superlinearity partial derivatives with respect to the higher-order derivatives
admit only minimizers with essentially bounded derivatives.


title: Lectures on Poisson groupoids

abstract:
  In these lecture notes, we give a quick account of the theory of Poisson
groupoids and Lie bialgebroids. In particular, we discuss the universal lifting
theorem and its applications including integration of quasi-Lie bialgebroids,
integration of Poisson Nijenhuis structures and Alekseev and
Kosmann-Schwarzbach's theory of D/G-momentum maps.


title:
Other representations of the Riemann Zeta function and an additional
  reformulation of the Riemann Hypothesis

abstract:
  New expansions for some functions related to the Zeta function in terms of
the Pochhammer's polynomials are given (coefficients b(k), d(k), d_(k) and
d__(k). In some formal limit our expansion b(k) obtained via the alternating
series gives the regularized expansion of Maslanka for the Zeta function. The
real and the imaginary part of the function on the critical line is obtained
with a good accuracy up to Im(s) = t < 35.
  Then, we give the expansion (coefficient d_(k)) for the derivative of
ln((s-1)\zeta(s)). The critical function of the derivative, whose bounded
values for Re(s) > 1/2 at large values of k should ensure the truth of the
Riemann Hypothesis (RH), is obtained either by means of the primes or by means
of the zeros (trivial and non-trivial) of the Zeta function. In a numerical
experiment performed up to high values of k i.e. up to k = 10^13 we obtain a
very good agreement between the two functions, with the emergence of twelve
oscillations with stable amplitude.
  For a special case of values of the two parameters entering in the general
Pochhammer's expansion it is argued that the bound on the critical function
should be given by the Euler constant gamma.


title: On Using the Rossiter Effect to Detect Terrestrial Planets

abstract:
  We explore the possibility that the transit signature of an Earth-size planet
can be detected in spectroscopic velocity shifts via the Rossiter effect. Under
optimistic but not unrealistic conditions, it should be possible to detect a
large terrestrial-size planet. While not suitable for discovering planets, this
method can be used to confirm suspected planets.


title: On the Eikonal Approximation in AdS Space

abstract:
  We explore the eikonal approximation to graviton exchange in AdS_5 space, as
relevant to scattering in gauge theories. We restrict ourselves to the regime
where conformal invariance of the dual gauge theory holds, and to large 't
Hooft coupling where the computation involves pure gravity. We give a heuristic
argument, a direct loop computation, and a shock wave derivation. The scalar
propagator in AdS_3 plays a key role, indicating that even at strong coupling,
two-dimensional conformal invariance controls high-energy four-dimensional
gauge-theory scattering.


title:
A New Planet Around an M Dwarf: Revealing a Correlation Between
  Exoplanets and Stellar Mass

abstract:
  We report precise Doppler measurements of GJ317 (M3.5V) that reveal the
presence of a planet with a minimum mass Msini = 1.2 Mjup in an eccentric,
692.9 day orbit. GJ317 is only the third M dwarf with a Doppler-detected Jovian
planet. The residuals to a single-Keplerian fit show evidence of a possible
second orbital companion. The inclusion of an additional Jupiter-mass planet (P
= 2700 days, Msini = 0.83 Mjup) improves the quality of fit significantly,
reducing the rms from 12.5 m/s to 6.32 m/s. A false-alarm test yields a 1.1%
probability that the curvature in the residuals of the single-planet fit is due
to random fluctuations, lending additional credibility to the two-planet model.
However, our data only marginally constrain a two-planet fit and further
monitoring is necessary to fully characterize the properties of the second
planet. To study the effect of stellar mass on Jovian planet occurrence we
combine our samples of M stars, Solar-mass dwarfs and intermediate-mass
subgiants. We find a positive correlation between stellar mass and the
occurrence rate of Jovian planets within 2.5 AU; the former A-type stars in our
sample are nearly 5 times more likely than the M dwarfs to harbor a giant
planet. Our analysis shows that the correlation between Jovian planet
occurrence and stellar mass remains even after accounting for the effects of
stellar metallicity.


title:
Interpreting the results of searches for gravitational waves from
  coalescing binaries

abstract:
  We introduce a method based on the loudest event statistic to calculate an
upper limit or interval on the astrophysical rate of binary coalescence. The
calculation depends upon the sensitivity and noise background of the detectors,
and a model for the astrophysical distribution of coalescing binaries. There
are significant uncertainties in the calculation of the rate due to both
astrophysical and instrumental uncertainties as well as errors introduced by
using the post--Newtonian waveform to approximate the full signal. We catalog
these uncertainties in detail and describe a method for marginalizing over
them. Throughout, we provide an example based on the initial LIGO detectors.


title: Pinning Complex Networks by a Single Controller

abstract:
  In this paper, without assuming symmetry, irreducibility, or linearity of the
couplings, we prove that a single controller can pin a coupled complex network
to a homogenous solution. Sufficient conditions are presented to guarantee the
convergence of the pinning process locally and globally. An effective approach
to adapt the coupling strength is proposed. Several numerical simulations are
given to verify our theoretical analysis.


title:
Digital resonance tuning of high-Q/Vm silicon photonic crystal
  nanocavities by atomic layer deposition

abstract:
  We propose and demonstrate the digital resonance tuning of high-Q/Vm silicon
photonic crystal nanocavities using a self-limiting atomic layer deposition
technique. Control of resonances in discrete steps of 122 +/- 18 pm per hafnium
oxide atomic layer is achieved through this post-fabrication process, nearly
linear over a full 17 nm tuning range. The cavity Q is maintained in this
perturbative process, and can reach up to its initial values of 49,000 or more.
Our results are highly controllable, applicable to many material systems, and
particularly critical to matching resonances and transitions involving
mesoscopic optical cavities.


title: Rare and forbidden decay of charm mesons at CLEO-c and BES-III

abstract:
  This paper presents the results of searches for the flavor-changing neutral
current, lepton-number-violating and lepton-flavor-violating processes in the
charm mesons decays. Recent results from charged $D$ mesons decays to final
states with dielectrons from CLEO-c are reported. The prospects of the searches
for the rare charm decays at BES-III are also discussed.


title: Global Exponential Stability of Delayed Periodic Dynamical Systems

abstract:
  In this paper, we discuss delayed periodic dynamical systems, compare
capability of criteria of global exponential stability in terms of various
$L^{p}$ ($1\le p<\infty$) norms. A general approach to investigate global
exponential stability in terms of various $L^{p}$ ($1\le p<\infty$) norms is
given. Sufficient conditions ensuring global exponential stability are given,
too. Comparisons of various stability criteria are given. More importantly, it
is pointed out that sufficient conditions in terms of $L^{1}$ norm are enough
and easy to implement in practice.


title:
Rare-Earth Tetraborides RB$_4$: Analysis of Trends in the Electronic
  Structure

abstract:
  Both the basic electronic structure of tetraborides, and the changes across
the lanthanide series in $R$B$_4$ ($R$ = rare earth) compounds, are studied
using the correlated band theory LDA+U method in the all-electron Full
Potential Local Orbital (FPLO) code. A set of boron bonding bands can be
identified that are well separated from the antibonding bands. Separately, the
``dimer B'' $2p_z$ orbital is non-bonding ({\it viz.} graphite and MgB$_2$),
and mixes strongly with the metal 4d or $5d$ states that form the conduction
states. The bonding bands are not entirely filled even for the trivalent
compounds (thus the cation $d$ bands have some filling), which accounts for the
lack of stability of this structure when the cations are divalent (with more
bonding states unfilled). The trends in the mean $4f$ level for both majority
and minority, and occupied and unoccupied, states are presented and
interpreted.


title: Weak localization in GaMnAs: evidence of impurity band transport

abstract:
  We report the observation of negative magnetoresistance in the ferromagnetic
semiconductor GaMnAs at low temperatures ($T<3$ K) and low magnetic fields ($0<
B <20$ mT). We attribute this effect to weak localization. Observation of weak
localization provides a strong evidence of impurity band transport in these
materials, since for valence band transport one expects either weak
anti-localization due to strong spin-orbit interactions or total suppression of
interference by intrinsic magnetization. In addition to the weak localization,
we observe Altshuler-Aronov electron-electron interactions effect in this
material.


title: Identification of a chemotactic sensitivity in a coupled system

abstract:
  Chemotaxis is the process by which cells behave in a way that follows the
chemical gradient. Applications to bacteria growth, tissue inflammation, and
vascular tumors provide a focus on optimization strategies. Experiments can
characterize the form of possible chemotactic sensitivities. This paper
addresses the recovery of the chemotactic sensitivity from these experiments
while allowing for nonlinear dependence of the parameter on the state
variables. The existence of solutions to the forward problem is analyzed. The
identification of a chemotactic parameter is determined by inverse problem
techniques. Tikhonov regularization is investigated and appropriate convergence
results are obtained. Numerical results of concentration dependent chemotactic
terms are explored.


title: XMM-Newton unveils the type 2 nature of the BLRG 3C 445

abstract:
  We present an observation of XMM-Newton that unambiguously reveals the
``Seyfert 2'' nature of the Broad Line Radio Galaxy 3C 445. For the first time
the soft excess of this source has been resolved. It consists of unobscured
scattered continuum flux and emission lines, likely produced in a warm
photoionized gas near the pole of an obscuring torus. The presence of
circumnuclear (likely stratified) matter is supported by the complex
obscuration of the nuclear region. Seventy percent of the nuclear radiation
(first component) is indeed obscured by a column density ~4*10^{23} cm^{-2},
and 30 % (second component) is filtered by ~7* 10^{22} cm^{-2}. The first
component is nuclear radiation directly observed by transmission through the
thicker regions. The second one is of more uncertain nature. If the observer
has a deep view into the nucleus but near the edge of the torus, it could be
light scattered by the inner wall of the torus and/or by photoionized gas
within the Broad Line Region observed through the thinner rim of the
circumnuclear matter.


title: Effective theory of color superconductivity

abstract:
  We briefly review an effective theory of QCD at high baryon density,
describing the relevant modes near the Fermi surface. The high density
effective theory has properties of reparametrization invariance and gauge
invariance, maintained in a subtle way. It also has a positive measure,
allowing lattice simulations at high baryon density. We then apply it to
gapless superconductors and discuss recent proposals to resolve the magnetic
instability of gapless superconductivity.


title:
Noise-Induced Sampling of Alternative Hamiltonian Paths in Quantum
  Adiabatic Search

abstract:
  We numerically simulate the effects of noise-induced sampling of alternative
Hamiltonian paths on the ability of quantum adiabatic search (QuAdS) to solve
randomly generated instances of the NP-Complete problem N-bit Exact Cover 3.
The noise-averaged median runtime is determined as the noise-power and number
of bits N are varied, and power-law and exponential fits are made to the data.
Noise is seen to slowdown QuAdS, though a downward shift in the scaling
exponent is found for N > 12 over a range of noise-power values. We discuss
whether this shift might be connected to arguments in the literature that
suggest that altering the Hamiltonian path might benefit QuAdS performance.


title:
Distributive lattices defined for representations of rank two semisimple
  Lie algebras

abstract:
  For a rank two root system and a pair of nonnegative integers, using only
elementary combinatorics we construct two posets. The constructions are uniform
across the root systems A1+A1, A2, C2, and G2. Examples appear in Figures 3.2
and 3.3. We then form the distributive lattices of order ideals of these
posets. Corollary 5.4 gives elegant quotient-of-products expressions for the
rank generating functions of these lattices (thereby providing answers to a
1979 question of Stanley). Also, Theorem 5.3 describes how these lattices
provide a new combinatorial setting for the Weyl characters of representations
of rank two semisimple Lie algebras. Most of these lattices are new; the rest
of them (or related structures) have arisen in work of Stanley, Kashiwara,
Nakashima, Littelmann, and Molev. In a future paper, one author shows that the
posets constructed here form a Dynkin diagram-indexed answer to a
combinatorially posed classification question. In a companion paper, some of
these lattices are used to explicitly construct some representations of rank
two semisimple Lie algebras. This implies that these lattices are strongly
Sperner.


title:
Excitation spectrum of bosons in a finite one-dimensional circular
  waveguide via the Bethe ansatz

abstract:
  The exactly solvable Lieb-Liniger model of interacting bosons in
one-dimension has attracted renewed interest as current experiments with
ultra-cold atoms begin to probe this regime. Here we numerically solve the
equations arising from the Bethe ansatz solution for the exact many-body wave
function in a finite-size system of up to twenty particles for attractive
interactions. We discuss the novel features of the solutions, and how they
deviate from the well-known string solutions [H. B. Thacker, Rev. Mod. Phys.\
\textbf{53}, 253 (1981)] at finite densities. We present excited state string
solutions in the limit of strong interactions and discuss their physical
interpretation, as well as the characteristics of the quantum phase transition
that occurs as a function of interaction strength in the mean-field limit.
Finally we compare our results to those of exact diagonalization of the
many-body Hamiltonian in a truncated basis. We also present excited state
solutions and the excitation spectrum for the repulsive 1D Bose gas on a ring.


title: WKB Propagation of Gaussian Wavepackets

abstract:
  We analyze the semiclassical evolution of Gaussian wavepackets in chaotic
systems. We prove that after some short time a Gaussian wavepacket becomes a
primitive WKB state. From then on, the state can be propagated using the
standard TDWKB scheme. Complex trajectories are not necessary to account for
the long-time propagation. The Wigner function of the evolving state develops
the structure of a classical filament plus quantum oscillations, with phase and
amplitude being determined by geometric properties of a classical manifold.


title: The logarithmic Sobolev inequality along the Ricci flow

abstract:
  We derive a logarithmic Sobolev inequality along the Ricci flow without any
restriction on time, which depends only on the initial metric via rudimentary
geometric data, assuming only that a certain first eigenvalue is positive. As a
consequence we obtain a uniform Sobolev inequality along the Ricci flow without
any restriction on time. One application of it is a uniform kappa-noncollapsing
estimate which holds true for all time. We also obtain similar results for
bounded time without assuming the eigenvalue condition. The results extend to
the Ricci flow with surgeries.


title:
Wide-band spectroscopy of the Compton thick Seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk 3 with
  Suzaku

abstract:
  We obtained a wide-band spectrum of the Compton-thick Seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk 3
with Suzaku. The observed spectrum was clearly resolved into weak, soft
power-law emission, a heavily absorbed power-law component, cold reflection,
and many emission lines. The heavily absorbed component, absorbed by gas with a
column density of 1.1x10^24 cm^-2, has an intrinsic 2--10 keV luminosity of
~1.6x10^43 erg s^-1, and is considered to be direct emission from the Mrk 3
nucleus. The reflection component was interpreted as reflection of the direct
light off cold, thick material; the reflection fraction $R$ was 1.36+/-0.20.
The cold material is inferred to be located > 1 pc from the central black hole
of Mrk 3 due to the low ionization parameter of iron (xi < 1 erg cm s^-1) and
the narrow iron line width (s < 22 eV). A Compton shoulder to the iron line was
detected, but the intensity of the shoulder component was less than that
expected from spherically distributed Compton-thick material. The weak, soft
power-law emission is considered to be scattered light by ionized gas. The
existence of many highly-ionized lines from O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, and Fe in the
observed spectrum indicates that the ionized gas has a broad ionized structure,
with xi=10--1000. The scattering fraction with respect to the direct light was
estimated to be 0.9+/-0.2%, which indicates that the column density of the
scattering region is about 3.6x10^22 cm^-2. This high-quality spectrum obtained
by Suzaku can be considered a template for studies of Seyfert 2 galaxies.


title:
Interpretation of relativistic, transverse, and longitudinal mass using
  the Lorentz transformation of reference time: Explanation of time dilation
  via spherical light clock

abstract:
  An interpretation of the inertial mass increase due to an object's velocity
which is derived from the theory of special relativity is discussed. A Lorentz
transformation of the reference time causes the inertial mass increase. It is
assumed that the real physical phenomenon that occurs is an expansion of the
reference time by a Lorentz transformation (that is, a dilation of time). Only
the reference time is assumed to be variant, which causes relativistic mass.
Time dilation is real. Relativistic mass originates in a Lorentz transformation
of reference time.


title: An extension of the Maskit slice for 4-dimensional Kleinian groups

abstract:
  Let $\Gamma$ be a 3-dimensional Kleinian punctured torus group with ccidental
parabolic transformations. The deformation space of $\Gamma$ in the group of
M\"{o}bius transformations on the 2-sphere is well-known as the Maskit slice of
punctured torus groups. In this paper, we study deformations $\Gamma'$ of
$\Gamma$ in the group of M\"{o}bius transformations on the 3-sphere such that
$\Gamma'$ does not contain screw parabolic transformations. We will show that
the space of the deformations is realized as a domain of 3-space
$\mathbb{R}^3$, which contains the Maskit slice of punctured torus groups as a
slice through a plane. Furthermore, we will show that the space also contains
the Maskit slice of fourth-punctured sphere groups as a slice through another
plane. Some of another slices of the space will be also studied.


title: Detecting Directional Selection from the Polymorphism Frequency Spectrum

abstract:
  The distribution of genetic polymorphisms in a population contains
information about the mutation rate and the strength of natural selection at a
locus. Here, we show that the Poisson Random Field (PRF) method of
population-genetic inference suffers from systematic biases that tend to
underestimate selection pressures and mutation rates, and that erroneously
infer positive selection. These problems arise from the infinite-sites
approximation inherent in the PRF method. We introduce three new inference
techniques that correct these problems. We present a finite-site modification
of the PRF method, as well as two new methods for inferring selection pressures
and mutation rates based on diffusion models. Our methods can be used to infer
not only a "weighted average" of selection pressures acting on a gene sequence,
but also the distribution of selection pressures across sites. We evaluate the
accuracy of our methods, as well that of the original PRF approach, by
comparison with Wright-Fisher simulations.


title:
Simultaneous PIXE and RBS data analysis using Bayesian Inference with
  the DataFurnace code

abstract:
  The Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS) and Particle Induced X-ray
Emission (PIXE) techniques can be used to obtain complementary information
about the characteristics of a sample but, traditionally, a gap has separated
the available computer codes for analyzing data from each technique, being hard
to simultaneously analyze data from the same sample. The recent development of
a free and open source library, LibCPIXE, for PIXE simulation and analysis of
arbitrary multilayered samples, has permitted to integrate this technique into
the DataFurnace code which already handles many other IBA techniques such as
Rutherford and non-Rutherford backscattering, elastic recoil detection, and
non-resonant nuclear reaction analysis. The fitting capabilities of DataFurnace
can therefore now be applied to PIXE spectra as well, including the Bayesian
Inference analysis and the simultaneous and coherent fitting of multiple
spectra from different techniques. Various examples are presented in which the
simultaneous RBS and PIXE analysis allows us to obtain consistent results that
cannot be obtained by independent analysis of the data from each technique.


title:
A study of logarithmic corrections and universal amplitude ratios in the
  two-dimensional 4-state Potts model

abstract:
  Monte Carlo (MC) and series expansion (SE) data for the energy, specific
heat, magnetization and susceptibility of the two-dimensional 4-state Potts
model in the vicinity of the critical point are analysed. The role of
logarithmic corrections is discussed and an approach is proposed in order to
account numerically for these corrections in the determination of critical
amplitudes. Accurate estimates of universal amplitude ratios $A_+/A_-$,
$\Gamma_+/\Gamma_-$, $\Gamma_T/\Gamma_-$ and $R_C^\pm$ are given, which arouse
new questions with respect to previous works.


title:
Quarkonium and hydrogen spectra with spin dependent relativistic wave
  equation

abstract:
  A non-linear non-perturbative relativistic atomic theory introduces spin in
the dynamics of particle motion. The resulting energy levels of Hydrogen atom
are exactly same as the Dirac theory. The theory accounts for the energy due to
spin-orbit interaction and for the additional potential energy due to spin and
spin-orbit coupling. Spin angular momentum operator is integrated into the
equation of motion. This requires modification to classical Laplacian operator.
Consequently the Dirac matrices and the k operator of Dirac's theory are
dispensed with. The theory points out that the curvature of the orbit draws on
certain amount of kinetic and potential energies affecting the momentum of
electron and the spin-orbit interaction energy constitutes a part of this
energy. The theory is developed for spin 1/2 bound state single electron in
Coulomb potential and then further extended to quarkonium physics by
introducing the linear confining potential. The unique feature of this
quarkonium model is that the radial distance can be exactly determined and does
not have a statistical interpretation. The established radial distance is then
used to determine the wave function. The observed energy levels are used as the
input parameters and the radial distance and the string tension are predicted.
This ensures 100% conformance to all observed energy levels for the heavy
quarkonium.


title: Pricing Asian Options for Jump Diffusions

abstract:
  We construct a sequence of functions that uniformly converge (on compact
sets) to the price of Asian option, which is written on a stock whose dynamics
follows a jump diffusion, exponentially fast. Each of the element in this
sequence solves a parabolic partial differen- tial equation (not an
integro-differential equation). As a result we obtain a fast numerical
approximation scheme whose accuracy versus speed characteristics can be
controlled. We analyze the performance of our numerical algorithm on several
examples.


title: Kilohertz laser ablation for doping helium nanodroplets

abstract:
  A new setup for doping helium nanodroplets by means of laser ablation at
kilohertz repetition rate is presented. The doping process is characterized and
two distinct regimes of laser ablation are identified. The setup is shown to be
efficient and stable enough to be used for spectroscopy, as demonstrated on
beam-depletion spectra of lithium atoms attached to helium nanodroplets. For
the first time, helium droplets are doped with high temperature refractory
materials such as titanium and tantalum. Doping with the non-volatile DNA basis
Guanine is found to be efficient and a number of oligomers are detected.


title: 3-point off-shell vertex in scalar QED in arbitrary gauge and dimension

abstract:
  We calculate the complete one-loop off-shell three-point scalar-photon vertex
in arbitrary gauge and dimension for Scalar Quantum Electrodynamics. Explicit
results are presented for the particular cases of dimensions 3 and 4 both for
massive and massless scalars. We then propose non-perturbative forms of this
vertex that coincide with the perturbative answer to order $e^2$.


title:
Effective mean-field equations for cigar-shaped and disk-shaped
  Bose-Einstein condensates

abstract:
  By applying the standard adiabatic approximation and using the accurate
analytical expression for the corresponding local chemical potential obtained
in our previous work [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{75}, 063610 (2007)] we derive an
effective 1D equation that governs the axial dynamics of mean-field
cigar-shaped condensates with repulsive interatomic interactions, accounting
accurately for the contribution from the transverse degrees of freedom. This
equation, which is more simple than previous proposals, is also more accurate.
Moreover, it allows treating condensates containing an axisymmetric vortex with
no additional cost. Our effective equation also has the correct limit in both
the quasi-1D mean-field regime and the Thomas-Fermi regime and permits one to
derive fully analytical expressions for ground-state properties such as the
chemical potential, axial length, axial density profile, and local sound
velocity. These analytical expressions remain valid and accurate in between the
above two extreme regimes. Following the same procedure we also derive an
effective 2D equation that governs the transverse dynamics of mean-field
disk-shaped condensates. This equation, which also has the correct limit in
both the quasi-2D and the Thomas-Fermi regime, is again more simple and
accurate than previous proposals. We have checked the validity of our equations
by numerically solving the full 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equation.


title:
On the Polyphase Decomposition for Design of Generalized Comb Decimation
  Filters

abstract:
  Generalized comb filters (GCFs) are efficient anti-aliasing decimation
filters with improved selectivity and quantization noise (QN) rejection
performance around the so called folding bands with respect to classical comb
filters.
  In this paper, we address the design of GCF filters by proposing an efficient
partial polyphase architecture with the aim to reduce the data rate as much as
possible after the Sigma-Delta A/D conversion. We propose a mathematical
framework in order to completely characterize the dependence of the frequency
response of GCFs on the quantization of the multipliers embedded in the
proposed filter architecture. This analysis paves the way to the design of
multiplier-less decimation architectures.
  We also derive the impulse response of a sample 3rd order GCF filter used as
a reference scheme throughout the paper.


title:
Investigation of a lattice Boltzmann model with a variable speed of
  sound

abstract:
  A lattice Boltzmann model is considered in which the speed of sound can be
varied independently of the other parameters. The range over which the speed of
sound can be varied is investigated and good agreement is found between
simulations and theory. The onset of nonlinear effects due to variations in the
speed of sound is also investigated and good agreement is again found with
theory. It is also shown that the fluid viscosity is not altered by changing
the speed of sound.


title: LibCPIXE: a PIXE simulation open-source library for multilayered samples

abstract:
  Most particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) data analysis codes are not
focused on handling multilayered samples. We have developed an open-source
library called "LibCPIXE", for PIXE data analysis. It is written in standard C
and implements functions for simulating X-ray yields of PIXE spectra taken from
arbitrary samples, including multilayered targets. The library is designed to
be fast, portable, modular and scalable, as well as to facilitate its
incorporation into any existing program. In order to demonstrate the
capabilities of the library, a program called CPIXE was developed and used to
analyze various real samples involving both bulk and layered samples. Just as
the library, the CPIXE source code is freely available under the General Public
License. We demonstrate that it runs both under GNU/Linux systems as well as
under MS Windows. There is in principle no limitation to port it to other
platforms.


title: A Presentation for the Dual Symmetric Inverse Monoid

abstract:
  The dual symmetric inverse monoid $\mathscr{I}_n^*$ is the inverse monoid of
all isomorphisms between quotients of an $n$-set. We give a monoid presentation
of $\mathscr{I}_n^*$ and, along the way, establish criteria for a monoid to be
inverse when it is generated by completely regular elements.


title: Moduli spaces of quadratic complexes and their singular surfaces

abstract:
  We construct the coarse moduli space $\cM_{qc}(\sigma)$ of quadratic line
complexes with a fixed Segre symbol $\sigma$ as well as the moduli space
$\cM_{ss}(\sigma)$ of the corresponding singular surfaces. We show that the map
associating to a quadratic line complex its singular surface induces a morphism
$\pi: \cM_{qc}(\sigma) \ra \cM_{ss}(\sigma)$. Finally we deduce that the
varieties of cosingular quadratic line complexes are almost always curves.


title: A Galois-theoretic approach to Kanev's correspondence

abstract:
  Let $G$ be a finite group, $\Lambda$ an absolutely irreducible $\Z[G]$-module
and $w$ a weight of $\Lambda$.
  To any Galois covering with group $G$ we associate two correspondences, the
Schur and the Kanev correspondence.
  We work out their relation and compute their invariants.
  Using this, we give some new examples of Prym-Tyurin varieties.


title:
Desynchronization of pulse-coupled oscillators with delayed excitatory
  coupling

abstract:
  Collective behavior of pulse-coupled oscillators has been investigated
widely. As an example of pulse-coupled networks, fireflies display many kinds
of flashing patterns. Mirollo and Strogatz (1990) proposed a pulse-coupled
oscillator model to explain the synchronization of South East Asian fireflies
({\itshape Pteroptyx malaccae}). However, transmission delays were not
considered in their model. In fact, the presence of transmission delays can
lead to desychronization. In this paper, pulse-coupled oscillator networks with
delayed excitatory coupling are studied. Our main result is that under
reasonable assumptions, pulse-coupled oscillator networks with delayed
excitatory coupling can not achieve complete synchronization, which can explain
why another species of fireflies ({\itshape Photinus pyralis}) rarely
synchronizes flashing. Finally, two numerical simulations are given. In the
first simulation, we illustrate that even if all the initial phases are very
close to each other, there could still be big variations in the times to
process the pulses in the pipeline. It implies that asymptotical
synchronization typically also cannot be achieved. In the second simulation, we
exhibit a phenomenon of clustering synchronization.


title:
Correlated Anisotropies in the Cosmic Far-Infrared Background Detected
  by MIPS/Spitzer: Constraint on the Bias

abstract:
  We report the detection of correlated anisotropies in the Cosmic Far-Infrared
Background at 160 microns. We measure the power spectrum in the Spitzer/SWIRE
Lockman Hole field. It reveals unambiguously a strong excess above cirrus and
Poisson contributions, at spatial scales between 5 and 30 arcminutes,
interpreted as the signature of infrared galaxy clustering. Using our model of
infrared galaxy evolution we derive a linear bias b=1.74 \pm 0.16. It is a
factor 2 higher than the bias measured for the local IRAS galaxies. Our model
indicates that galaxies dominating the 160 microns correlated anisotropies are
at z~1. This implies that infrared galaxies at high redshifts are biased
tracers of mass, unlike in the local Universe.


title: The equilibrium states for semigroups of rational maps

abstract:
  We consider the dynamics of skew product maps associated with finitely
generated semigroups of rational maps on the Riemann sphere. We show that under
some conditions on the dynamics and the potential function \psi, there exists a
unique equilibrium state for \psi and a unique $\exp(\P(\psi)-\psi)$-conformal
measure, where P(\psi) denotes the topological pressure of \psi.


title:
The Wigner-Fokker-Planck equation: Stationary states and large time
  behavior

abstract:
  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors due to a crucial error in the
proof of the main result. In a new manuscript (with two new authors) available
at arXiv:1010.2791v1 this problem has been resolved.

categories: quant-ph cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.AP math.MP


title:
Control of poultry chicken malaria by surface functionalized amorphous
  nanosilica

abstract:
  Surface modified amorphous nanoporous silica molecules with hydrophobic as
well as hydrophilic character can be effectively used as therapeutic drug for
combating chicken malaria in poultry industry. The amorphous nanosilica was
developed by top-down approach using volcanic soil derived silica as source
material. Amorphous silica has long been used as feed additive for poultry
industry and considered to be safe for human consumption by WHO and USDA. The
basic mechanism of action of these nanosilica molecules is mediated by the
physical absorption of VLDL, serum triglycerides and other serum cholesterol
components in the lipophilic nanopores of nanosilica. This reduces the supply
of the host derived cholesterol, thus limiting the growth of the malarial
parasite in vivo.


title:
Real analyticity of Hausdorff dimension for expanding rational
  semigroups

abstract:
  We consider the dynamics of expanding semigroups generated by finitely many
rational maps on the Riemann sphere. We show that for an analytic family of
such semigroups, the Bowen parameter function is real-analytic and
plurisubharmonic. Combining this with a result obtained by the first author, we
show that if for each semigroup of such an analytic family of expanding
semigroups satisfies the open set condition, then the function of the Hausdorff
dimension of the Julia set is real-analytic and plurisubharmonic. Moreover, we
provide an extensive collection of classes of examples of analytic families of
semigroups satisfying all the above conditions and we analyze in detail the
corresponding Bowen's parameters and Hausdorff dimension function.


title:
Towards truly simultaneous PIXE and RBS analysis of layered objects in
  cultural heritage

abstract:
  For a long time, RBS and PIXE techniques have been used in the field of
cultural heritage. Although the complementarity of both techniques has long
been acknowledged, its full potential has not been yet developed due to the
lack of general purpose software tools for analysing the data from both
techniques in a coherent way. In this work we provide an example of how the
recent addition of PIXE to the set of techniques supported by the DataFurnace
code can significantly change this situation. We present a case in which a non
homogeneous sample (an oxidized metal from a photographic plate -heliography-
made by Niepce in 1827) is analysed using RBS and PIXE in a straightforward and
powerful way that can only be performed with a code that treats both techniques
simultaneously as a part of one single and coherent analysis. The optimization
capabilities of DataFurnace, allowed us to obtain the composition profiles for
these samples in a very simple way.


title: Hawking Radiation and Covariant Anomalies

abstract:
  Generalising the method of Wilczek and collaborators we provide a derivation
of Hawking radiation from charged black holes using only covariant gauge and
gravitational anomalies. The reliability and universality of the anomaly
cancellation approach to Hawking radiation is also discussed.


title: "Black Star" or Astrophysical Black Hole?

abstract:
  Recently wide publicity has been given to a claim by T. Vachaspati that
"black holes do not exist", that the objects known as black holes in
astrophysics should rather be called "black stars" and they not only do not
have event horizons but actually can be the source of spectacular gamma ray
bursts. In this short essay (no flimsier than the original preprint where these
extravagant claims appeared) I demonstrate that these ill-considered claims are
clearly wrong. Yet they present a good occasion to reflect on some well known
but little discussed conceptual difficulties which arise when applying
relativistic terminology in an astrophysical context.


title: SUSY Unparticle and Conformal Sequestering

abstract:
  We investigate unparticle physics with supersymmetry (SUSY). The SUSY
breaking effects due to the gravity mediation induce soft masses for the SUSY
unparticles and hence break the conformal invariance. The unparticle physics
observable in near future experiments is only consistent if the SUSY breaking
effects from the hidden sector to the standard model sector are dominated by
the gauge mediation, or if the SUSY breaking effects to the unparticle sector
is sufficiently sequestered. We argue that the natural realization of the
latter possibility is the conformal sequestering scenario.


title: A new prescription for soft gluon resummation

abstract:
  We present a new prescription for the resummation of the divergent series of
perturbative corrections, due to soft gluon emission, to hard processes near
threshold in perturbative QCD (threshold resummation). This prescription is
based on Borel resummation, and contrary to the commonly used minimal
prescription, it does not introduce a dependence of resummed physical
observables on the kinematically unaccessible x->0 region of parton
distributions. We compare results for resummed deep-inelastic scattering
obtained using the Borel prescription and the minimal prescription and exploit
the comparison to discuss the ambiguities related to the resummation procedure.


title: Unfolding of differential energy spectra in the MAGIC experiment

abstract:
  The paper describes the different methods, used in the MAGIC experiment, to
unfold experimental energy distributions of cosmic ray particles (gamma-rays).
Questions and problems related to the unfolding are discussed. Various
procedures are proposed which can help to make the unfolding robust and
reliable. The different methods and procedures are implemented in the MAGIC
software and are used in most of the analyses.


title:
A semiregularity map annihilating obstructions to deforming holomorphic
  maps

abstract:
  We study deformations of holomorphic maps of compact, complex, K\"ahler
manifolds. In particular, we describe a generalization of Bloch's
semiregularity map that annihilates obstructions to deform holomorphic maps
with fixed codomain.


title: Chiral Asymmetry from a 5D Higgs Mechanism

abstract:
  An intriguing feature of the Standard Model is that the representations of
the unbroken gauge symmetries are vector-like whereas those of the
spontaneously broken gauge symmetries are chiral. Here we provide a toy model
which shows that a natural explanation of this property could emerge in higher
dimensional field theories and discuss the difficulties that arise in the
attempt to construct a realistic theory. An interesting aspect of this type of
models is that the 4D low energy effective theory is not generically gauge
invariant. However, the non-invariant contributions to the observable
quantities are very small, of the order of the square of the ratio between the
light particle mass scale and the Kaluza-Klein mass scale. Remarkably, when we
take the unbroken limit both the chiral asymmetry and the non-invariant terms
disappear.


title: Effects of the low frequencies of noise on On-Off intermittency

abstract:
  A bifurcating system subject to multiplicative noise can exhibit on-off
intermittency close to the instability threshold. For a canonical system, we
discuss the dependence of this intermittency on the Power Spectrum Density
(PSD) of the noise. Our study is based on the calculation of the Probability
Density Function (PDF) of the unstable variable. We derive analytical results
for some particular types of noises and interpret them in the framework of
on-off intermittency. Besides, we perform a cumulant expansion for a random
noise with arbitrary power spectrum density and show that the intermittent
regime is controlled by the ratio between the departure from the threshold and
the value of the PSD of the noise at zero frequency. Our results are in
agreement with numerical simulations performed with two types of random
perturbations: colored Gaussian noise and deterministic fluctuations of a
chaotic variable. Extensions of this study to another, more complex, system are
presented and the underlying mechanisms are discussed.


title:
Glow Discharge AES: Methodological Peculiarities of Pulse Element
  Analysis and Flash Desorption

abstract:
  Different techniques of Glow Discharge AES are described in this paper. The
most important parameters at such investigations are: the power of VHF-field,
pressure of the inert gas and concentration of the easily ionizable additive,
e.g. NaCl. The influences of these parameters were studied It is proposed a
high sensitive flash desorption method, which enables investigation of the
water desorption rate from humidified samples of biological origin, namely DNA
and chromatin. The ways of minimizing of detection limit are considered as the
most important characteristics of an analytical device. The concentration of
any measured element is detectable if it correlates to the signal equal to
tripled standard deviation of the results of background measurement. Electron
temperature of the Helium has been evaluated by absorption rate at two lines of
helium \lambda=353.828nm; \lambda'=344.759nm that was equal to T_c ~ 15000 K.


title:
Thermal imaginary part of a real-time static potential from classical
  lattice gauge theory simulations

abstract:
  Recently, a finite-temperature real-time static potential has been introduced
via a Schr\"odinger-type equation satisfied by a certain heavy quarkonium
Green's function. Furthermore, it has been pointed out that it possesses an
imaginary part, which induces a finite width for the tip of the quarkonium peak
in the thermal dilepton production rate. The imaginary part originates from
Landau-damping of low-frequency gauge fields, which are essentially classical
due to their high occupation number. Here we show how the imaginary part can be
measured with classical lattice gauge theory simulations, accounting
non-perturbatively for the infrared sector of finite-temperature field theory.
We demonstrate that a non-vanishing imaginary part indeed exists
non-perturbatively; and that its value agrees semi-quantitatively with that
predicted by Hard Loop resummed perturbation theory.


title: Using globular clusters to test gravity in the weak acceleration regime

abstract:
  We report on the results from an ongoing program aimed at testing Newton's
law of gravity in the low acceleration regime using globular clusters. It is
shown that all clusters studied so far do behave like galaxies, that is, their
velocity dispersion profile flattens out at large radii where the acceleration
of gravity goes below 1e-8 cm/s/s, instead of following the expected Keplerian
fall off. In galaxies this behavior is ascribed to the existence of a dark
matter halo. Globular clusters, however, do not contain dark matter, hence this
result might indicate that our present understanding of gravity in the weak
regime of accelerations is incomplete and somehow incorrect.


title: Magnetic Interference Patterns and Vortices in Diffusive SNS junctions

abstract:
  We study theoretically the electronic and transport properties of a diffusive
superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) junction in the presence of a
perpendicular magnetic field. We show that the field dependence of the critical
current crosses over from the well-known Fraunhofer pattern in wide junctions
to a monotonous decay when the width of the normal wire is smaller than the
magnetic length \xi_H = \sqrt{\Phi_0/H}, where H is the magnetic field and
\Phi_0 the flux quantum. We demonstrate that this behavior is a direct
consequence of the magnetic vortex structure appearing in the normal region and
predict how such structure is manifested in the local density of states.


title: Bosons, Fermions and Branes

abstract:
  Starting from considerations of Bosons at the real life Compton scale we go
on to a description of Fermions, specifically the Dirac equation in terms of an
underlying noncommutative geometry described by the Dirac $\gamma$ matrices and
generalize this to branes in an underlying C-space (with Clifford Algebra).


title: Search for B Meson Decays to omega K*0

abstract:
  We report a search for the charmless vector-vector decay B0->omega K*0 with
520x10^6 BBbar pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e-
collider. We measure the branching fraction in units of 10^-6: Br = 1.2
+0.9-0.8 +-0.2 (<2.7), where the first error is statistical, the second
systematic, and the upper limit is at the 90% confidence level.


title: Composite Messenger Baryon as a Cold Dark Matter

abstract:
  Among various supersymmetric (SUSY) models, gauge-mediated SUSY breaking
models with an ultra-light gravitino of mass m_{3/2} \lesssim O(10) eV are very
attractive, since they are completely free from notorious gravitino problems. A
drawback of such a scenario is the absence of the supersymmetric cold dark
matter. In this letter, we propose that a baryonic bound state of strongly
interacting messenger particles, with a mass of O(100) TeV, can naturally be
the cold dark matter. We also exemplify a model which realizes such a scenario.


title:
Nanometer-Resolved Collective Micromeniscus Oscillations through Optical
  Diffraction

abstract:
  We study the dynamics of periodic arrays of micrometer-sized liquid-gas
menisci formed at superhydrophobic surfaces immersed into water. By measuring
the intensity of optical diffraction peaks in real time we are able to resolve
nanometer scale oscillations of the menisci with sub-microsecond time
resolution. Upon driving the system with an ultrasound field at variable
frequency we observe a pronounced resonance at a few hundred kHz, depending on
the exact geometry. Modeling the system using the unsteady Stokes equation, we
find that this low resonance frequency is caused by a collective mode of the
acoustically coupled oscillating menisci.


title:
The XMM-Newton view of IRAS 09104+4109: evidence for a changing-look
  Type 2 quasar?

abstract:
  We analyzed the spectroscopic data from the PN and the MOS cameras in the
0.4-10 keV band. We also used an archival BeppoSAX 1-50 keV observation of IRAS
09104+4109 to investigate possible variations of the quasar emission. The X-ray
emission in the EPIC band is dominated by the intra-cluster medium thermal
emission. We found that the quasar contributes ~35% of the total flux in the
2-10 keV band. Both a transmission- (through a Compton-thin absorber with a
Compton optical depth of \tau_C~0.3, i.e. Nh~5 x 10^{23} cm^-2) and a
reflection-dominated (\tau_C>1) model provide an excellent fit to the quasar
continuum emission. However, the value measured for the EW of Fe Kalpha
emission line is only marginally consistent with the presence of a
Compton-thick absorber in a reflection-dominated scenario, which had been
suggested by a previous, marginal (i.e. 2.5\sigma) detection with the hard
X-ray (15-50 keV), non-imaging BeppoSAX/PDS instrument. Moreover, the value of
luminosity in the 2-10 keV band measured by the transmission-dominated model is
fully consistent with that expected on the basis of the bolometric luminosity
of IRAS 09104+4109. From the analysis of the XMM-Newton data we therefore
suggest the possibility that the absorber along the line of sight to the
nucleus of IRAS 09104+4109 is Compton-thin. Alternatively, the absorber column
density could have changed from Compton-thick to -thin in the five years
elapsed between the observations. If this is the case, then IRAS 09104+4109 is
the first 'changing-look' quasar ever detected.


title: Initiation of granular surface flows in a narrow channel

abstract:
  We experimentally investigate how a long granular pile confined in a narrow
channel destabilizes when it is inclined above the angle of repose. A uniform
flow then develops, which is localized at the free surface. It first
accelerates before reaching a steady uniform regime. During this process, an
apparent erosion is observed and the thickness of the flowing layer increases.
We precisely study the evolution of the vertical velocity profile in this
transient regime. The measurements are compared with the prediction of a
visco-plastic model [P. Jop, Y. Forterre and O. Pouliquen, Nature 441, 727
(2006)]


title: Cyclic coverings of the $p$-adic projective line by Mumford curves

abstract:
  Exact bounds for the positions of the branch points for cyclic coverings of
the $p$-adic projective line by Mumford curves are calculated in two ways.
Firstly, by using Fumiharu Kato's *-trees, and secondly by giving explicit
matrix representations of the Schottky groups corresponding to the Mumford
curves above the projective line through combinatorial group theory.


title: Radial Dependence of Extinction in Parent Galaxies of Supernovae

abstract:
  The problem of extinction is the most important issue to be dealt with in the
process of obtaining true absolute magnitudes of core-collapse supernovae
(SNe). The plane-parallel model which gives absorption dependent on galaxy
inclination, widely used in the past, was shown not to describe extinction
adequately. We try to apply an alternative model which introduces radial
ependence of extinction. A certain trend of dimmer SNe with decreasing radius
from the center of a galaxy was found, for a chosen sample of stripped-envelope
SNe.


title:
Pseudospectral versus finite-differences schemes in the numerical
  integration of stochastic models of surface growth

abstract:
  We present a comparison between finite differences schemes and a
pseudospectral method applied to the numerical integration of stochastic
partial differential equations that model surface growth. We have studied, in
1+1 dimensions, the Kardar, Parisi and Zhang model (KPZ) and the Lai, Das Sarma
and Villain model (LDV). The pseudospectral method appears to be the most
stable for a given time step for both models. This means that the time up to
which we can follow the temporal evolution of a given system is larger for the
pseudospectral method. Moreover, for the KPZ model, a pseudospectral scheme
gives results closer to the predictions of the continuum model than those
obtained through finite difference methods. On the other hand, some numerical
instabilities appearing with finite difference methods for the LDV model are
absent when a pseudospectral integration is performed. These numerical
instabilities give rise to an approximate multiscaling observed in the
numerical simulations. With the pseudospectral approach no multiscaling is seen
in agreement with the continuum model.


title:
Environmental Effects of Dark Matter Haloes: The Clustering-Substructure
  relation of Group-size Haloes

abstract:
  We estimate the two-point correlation function of dark matter haloes, with
masses >10^{13} h^{-1} Mo, that have or not significant substructure. The
haloes are identified with a friends of friends algorithm in a large LCDM
simulation at two redshift snapshots (z=0 and 1), while halo substructure is
determined using an observationally driven method. We find in both epochs a
clear and significant signal by which haloes with substructure are more
clustered than those with no-substructure. This is true for all the considered
halo mass ranges, although for the highest halo masses the signal is noisy and
present only out to ~20 h^{-1} Mpc. There is also a smooth increase of the halo
correlation length with increasing amplitude of the halo substructure. We also
find that substructured haloes are typically located in high-density
large-scale environments, while the opposite is true for non-substructured
haloes. If the haloes found in high-density regions have a relatively earlier
formation time, as suggested by recent works, then they do indeed have more
time to cluster than haloes, of a similar mass, which form later in the
low-density regions. In such a case one would have naively expected that the
former (earlier formed) haloes would typically be dynamically more relaxed than
the latter (later formed). However, the higher merging and interaction
rate,expected in high-density regions, could disrupt their relatively relaxed
dynamical state and thus be the cause for the higher fraction of haloes with
substructure found in such regions.


title: On the number of independent adiabatic invariants for gyrating particles

abstract:
  It is pointed out that the three established adiabatic invariants are
separating invariants in the sense of Liouville. It is widely claimed that no
more than three adiabatic invariants can exist for the motion of a point
charge. However, additional independent (not separating) adiabatic invariants
do exist. For a force free motion, the components of angular momentum provide
two additional constants of motion. This result can be generalized to the
Hamilton Jacobi equation. The number of independent constants of motion is
reduced if there is a global symmetry. For a gyrating particle, neglecting a
gyro helix type of invariant, four 'useful' invariants could exist. A radial
drift invariant, corresponding to the average of the radial coordinate of the
particle, is a constant of motion for a confined gyrating particle. For the
special case of a screw pinch where each gyro center moves on a magnetic flux
surface without mirror trapping, the radial drift invariant is the radial
coordinate of the gyro center. For a screw pinch, the set of constants of
motion consising of the energy, parallel velocity and radial drift invariant is
convenient to model the equilibrium. Local Maxwellian distribution functions
expressed in this set of invariants are demonstrated to provide MHD-type of
equilibria, for which it is straightforward to model the radial profiles of the
particle and field components.


title: Applications of the q-Fourier Analysis to the Symmetric Moment Problem

abstract:
  Sufficient condition for the symmetric moment problem to be determinate is
given using standards methods of $q$-Fourier analysis. This condition it cannot
be a particular case of Carleman's criterion.


title:
Coulomb analogy for nonhermitian degeneracies near quantum phase
  transitions

abstract:
  Degeneracies near the real axis in a complex-extended parameter space of a
hermitian Hamiltonian are studied. We present a method to measure distributions
of such degeneracies on the Riemann sheet of a selected level and apply it in
classification of quantum phase transitions. The degeneracies are shown to
behave similarly as complex zeros of a partition function.


title:
Visualization, Exploration and Data Analysis of Complex Astrophysical
  Data

abstract:
  In this paper we show how advanced visualization tools can help the
researcher in investigating and extracting information from data. The focus is
on VisIVO, a novel open source graphics application, which blends high
performance multidimensional visualization techniques and up-to-date
technologies to cooperate with other applications and to access remote,
distributed data archives. VisIVO supports the standards defined by the
International Virtual Observatory Alliance in order to make it interoperable
with VO data repositories. The paper describes the basic technical details and
features of the software and it dedicates a large section to show how VisIVO
can be used in several scientific cases.


title:
Effect of General Relativity and rotation on the energy deposition rate
  for $\nu + \bar{\nu} \to e^+ + e^- $ inside a compact star

abstract:
  We have studied the $\nu + \bar{\nu} \to e^+ + e^- $ energy deposition rate
in a rotating compact star. This reaction is important for the study of gamma
ray bursts. The General Relativistic (GR) effects on the energy deposition rate
have been incorporated. We find that the efficiency of the process is larger
for a rotating star. The total energy deposition rate increases by more than an
order of magnitude due to rotation. The dependence of this energy deposition
rate on the deformation parameter of the star has also been discussed.


title: Shock waves in tidally compressed stars by massive black holes

abstract:
  We interest in the case of a main-sequence star deeply penetrating within the
tidal radius of a massive black hole. We focus on the compression phase leading
to a so-called pancake configuration of the star at the instant of maximal
compression. The aim is to study the tidal compression process paying
particular attention to the development of shock waves;to deduce reliable
estimates of the thermodynamical quantities involved in the pancake star; and
to solve a controversy about whether or not thermonuclear reactions can be
triggered in the core of a tidally compressed star. We have set up a
one-dimensional hydrodynamical model well-adapted to the geometry of the
problem. Based on the high-resolution shock-capturing Godunov-type approach, it
allows to study the compression phase undergone by the star in the direction
orthogonal to its orbital plane. We show the existence of two regimes depending
on whether shock waves develop before or after the instant of maximal core
compression. In both cases we confirm high compression and heating factors in
the stellar core able to trigger a thermonuclear explosion. Moreover, we show
that the shock waves carry outwards a brief but very high peak of temperature
from the centre to the surface of the star. We tentatively conclude that the
phenomenon could give rise to hard electromagnetic radiation, to be compared to
some X-ray flares already observed in some galactic nuclei harbouring massive
black holes. Finally, we estimate that the rate of pancake stars should be
about $10^{-5}$ per galaxy per year. If generated in hard X- or $\gamma$-ray
band, several events of this kind per year should be detectable within the full
observable universe.


title: $L^p$-Spectral theory of locally symmetric spaces with $Q$-rank one

abstract:
  We study the $L^p$-spectrum of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on certain
complete locally symmetric spaces $M=\Gamma\backslash X$ with finite volume and
arithmetic fundamental group $\Gamma$ whose universal covering $X$ is a
symmetric space of non-compact type. We also show, how the obtained results for
locally symmetric spaces can be generalized to manifolds with cusps of rank
one.


title:
Zeeman ratchets: pure spin current generation in mesoscopic conductors
  with non-uniform magnetic fields

abstract:
  We consider the possibility to employ a quantum wire realized in a
two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) as a spin ratchet. We show that a net spin
current without accompanying net charge transport can be induced in the
nonlinear regime by an unbiased external driving via an ac voltage applied
between the contacts at the ends of the quantum wire. To achieve this we make
use of the coupling of the electron spin to inhomogenous magnetic fields
created by ferromagnetic stripes patterned on the semiconductor heterostructure
that harbours the 2DEG. Using recursive Green function techniques we
numerically study two different setups, consisting of one and two ferromagnetic
stripes, respectively.


title:
Detecting synchronization clusters in multivariate time series via
  coarse-graining of Markov chains

abstract:
  Synchronization cluster analysis is an approach to the detection of
underlying structures in data sets of multivariate time series, starting from a
matrix R of bivariate synchronization indices. A previous method utilized the
eigenvectors of R for cluster identification, analogous to several recent
attempts at group identification using eigenvectors of the correlation matrix.
All of these approaches assumed a one-to-one correspondence of dominant
eigenvectors and clusters, which has however been shown to be wrong in
important cases. We clarify the usefulness of eigenvalue decomposition for
synchronization cluster analysis by translating the problem into the language
of stochastic processes, and derive an enhanced clustering method harnessing
recent insights from the coarse-graining of finite-state Markov processes. We
illustrate the operation of our method using a simulated system of coupled
Lorenz oscillators, and we demonstrate its superior performance over the
previous approach. Finally we investigate the question of robustness of the
algorithm against small sample size, which is important with regard to field
applications.


title: Renormalization of Lorentz violating theories

abstract:
  We classify the unitary, renormalizable, Lorentz violating quantum field
theories of interacting scalars and fermions, obtained improving the behavior
of Feynman diagrams by means of higher space derivatives. Higher time
derivatives are not generated by renormalization. Renormalizability is ensured
by a "weighted power counting" criterion. The theories contain a dimensionful
parameter, yet a set of models are classically invariant under a weighted scale
transformation, which is anomalous at the quantum level. Formulas for the
weighted trace anomaly are derived. The renormalization-group properties are
studied.


title: The (3+2) Neutrino Mass Spectrum and Double Chooz

abstract:
  The implications of extra sterile neutrinos for the Double Chooz experiment
is expounded. The so-called ``3+2'' mass spectrum with 2 sterile neutrinos
mixed with the active ones, is still allowed by the global neutrino data
including MiniBooNE. We probe its impact on the resultant reactor antineutrino
signal at the near and far detector of the Double Chooz experiment. The
oscillations driven by the additional mass squared difference due to the
sterile states bring an energy independent constant suppression at both the
near and far detectors. We study to what extent the measurement of
$\theta_{13}$ would get affected due to the presence of sterile mixing. We also
give the projected sensitivity that Double Chooz will have to constrain the
extra mixing angles associated with the sterile states.


title: Multiple-Description Lattice Vector Quantization

abstract:
  In this thesis, we construct and analyze multiple-description codes based on
lattice vector quantization.


title:
Lyman-alpha radiative transfer during the Epoch of Reionization:
  contribution to 21-cm signal fluctuations

abstract:
  During the epoch of reionization, Ly-alpha photons emitted by the first stars
can couple the neutral hydrogen spin temperature to the kinetic gas
temperature, providing the opportunity to observe the gas in emission or
absorption in the 21-cm line. Given the bright foregrounds, it is of prime
importance to determine precisely the fluctuations signature of the signal, to
be able to extract it by its correlation power.
  LICORICE is a Monte-Carlo radiative transfer code, coupled to the dynamics
via an adaptative Tree-SPH code. We present here the Ly-alpha part of the
implementation, and validate it through three classical tests. Contrary to
previous works, we do not assume that P_alpha, the number of scatterings of
Ly-alpha photons per atom per second, is proportional to the Ly-alpha
background flux, but take into account the scatterings in the Ly-alpha line
wings. The latter have the effect to steepen the radial profile of P_alpha
around each source, and re-inforce the contrast of the fluctuations. In the
particular geometry of cosmic filaments of baryonic matter, Ly-alpha photons
are scattered out of the filament, and the large scale structure of P_alpha is
significantly anisotropic. This could have strong implications for the possible
detection of the 21-cm signal.


title: Quantum vortex tunneling in $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$ thin films

abstract:
  Cuprate films offer a unique opportunity to observe vortex tunneling effects,
due to their unusually low superfluid density and short coherence length. Here,
we measure the magnetoresistance (\textit{MR}) due to vortex motion of a long
meander line of a superconducting film made of underdoped
$YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$. At low temperatures (\textit{T}), the \textit{MR}
shows a significant deviation from Arrhenius activation. The data is consistent
with two dimensional Variable Range Hopping (VRH) of single vortices, i.e.
$MR\propto exp[-(T_0/T)^{1/3}]$. The VRH temperature scale $T_0$ depends on the
vortex tunneling rates between pinning sites. We discuss its magnitude with
respect to estimated parameters of the meander thin film.


title: Spectral analysis of boundary layers in Rayleigh-Benard convection

abstract:
  A combined experimental and numerical study of the boundary layer in a 4:1
aspect-ratio Rayleigh-B\'{e}nard cell over a four-decade range of Rayleigh
numbers has been undertaken aimed at gaining a better insight into the
character of the boundary layers. The experiments involved the simultaneous
Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) measurements of fluid velocity at two locations,
i.e. in the boundary layer and far away from it in the bulk, for Rayleigh
numbers varying between $1.6 \times 10^7$ and $2.4 \times 10^9$. In parallel,
direct numerical simulations (DNS) have been performed for the same
configuration for Rayleigh numbers between $7.0 \times 10^4$ and $7.7 \times
10^7$. The temperature and velocity probability density functions and the power
spectra of the horizontal velocity fluctuations measured in the boundary layer
and in the bulk flow are found to be practically identical. Except for the
smallest Rayleigh numbers, the spectra in the boundary layer and in the bulk
central region are continuous and have a wide range of active scales. This
indicates that both the bulk and the boundary layers are turbulent in the
$\textrm{Ra}$ number range considered. However, molecular effects can still be
observed and the boundary layer does not behave like a classical shear-driven
turbulent boundary layer.


title:
Transverse Target-Spin Asymmetry of Exclusive $\rho^0$ Meson Production
  on Proton at HERMES

abstract:
  Preliminary measurements are reported on the azimuthal single-spin asymmetry
of exclusive rho0 mesons for a transversely polarized hydrogen target at HERMES
using the 27.6 GeV HERA positron beam. Within the generalized parton
distribution (GPD) formalism, this asymmetry is sensitive to the total angular
momentum of quarks and gluons in the nucleon. Since the GPD formalism is only
valid for mesons produced by longitudinal photons, the transverse target-spin
asymmetry of longitudinal rho0 mesons is extracted assuming s-channel helicity
conservation and compared to theoretical calculations.


title: Gate-induced insulating state in bilayer graphene devices

abstract:
  The potential of graphene-based materials consisting of one or a few layers
of graphite for integrated electronics originates from the large
room-temperature carrier mobility in these systems (approx. 10,000 cm2/Vs).
However, the realization of electronic devices such as field-effect transistors
will require controlling and even switching off the electrical conductivity by
means of gate electrodes, which is made difficult by the absence of a bandgap
in the intrinsic material. Here, we demonstrate the controlled induction of an
insulating state - with large suppression of the conductivity - in bilayer
graphene, by using a double-gate device configuration that allows an electric
field to be applied perpendicular to the plane. The dependence of the
resistance on temperature and electric field, and the absence of any effect in
a single-layer device, strongly suggest that the gate-induced insulating state
originates from the recently predicted opening of a bandgap between valence and
conduction bands.


title: Primitive contractions of Calabi-Yau threefolds II

abstract:
  We construct 16 new examples of Calabi--Yau threefolds with Picard group of
rank 1. Each of these examples is obtained by smoothing the image of a
primitive contraction with exceptional divisor being a del Pezzo surface of
degree 6, 7 or $\mathbb{P}^1\times \mathbb{P}^1$.


title: A Little About Folklore

abstract:
  Comment on paper by P.W. Anderson is presented. This Anderson's work is shown
to contain a number of inaccurate and ungrounded statements. We point out, in
particular, that the total static dielectric function not only can be negative,
but inevitably has a minus sign in many stable systems. We also demonstrate
that in many metals, the effective electron-phonon interaction is stronger than
the direct Coulomb repulsion, without taking into account the ladder-sum
renormalization or pseudization of the Coulomb repulsion. Other issues touched
in Anderson's paper are also discussed.


title: Influence of a carbon over-coat on the X-ray reflectance of XEUS mirrors

abstract:
  We describe measurements of the X-ray reflectance in the range 2 to 10 keV of
samples representative of coated silicon wafers that are proposed for the
fabrication of the XEUS (X-ray Evolving Universe Spectrometer) mission. We
compare the reflectance of silicon samples coated with bare Pt, with that for
samples with an additional 10nm thick carbon over-coating. We demonstrate a
significant improvement in reflectance in the energy range ~1 to 4 keV, and at
a grazing incidence angle of 10 mrad (0.57 degrees). We consider the resulting
effective area that could be attained with an optimized design of the XEUS
telescope. Typically an improvement of 10 to 60 % in effective area, depending
on photon energy, can be achieved using the carbon overcoat.


title:
Instability of bound states of a nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with a
  Dirac potential

abstract:
  We study analytically and numerically the stability of the standing waves for
a nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with a point defect and a power type
nonlinearity. A main difficulty is to compute the number of negative
eigenvalues of the linearized operator around the standing waves, and it is
overcome by a perturbation method and continuation arguments. Among others, in
the case of a repulsive defect, we show that the standing wave solution is
stable in $\hurad$ and unstable in $\hu$ under subcritical nonlinearity.
Further we investigate the nature of instability: under critical or
supercritical nonlinear interaction, we prove the instability by blowup in the
repulsive case by showing a virial theorem and using a minimization method
involving two constraints. In the subcritical radial case, unstable bound
states cannot collapse, but rather narrow down until they reach the stable
regime (a {\em finite-width instability}). In the non-radial repulsive case,
all bound states are unstable, and the instability is manifested by a lateral
drift away from the defect, sometimes in combination with a finite-width
instability or a blowup instability.