title:
Conceptualization of seeded region growing by pixels aggregation. Part
  2: how to localize a final partition invariant about the seeded region
  initialisation order

abstract:
  In the previous paper, we have conceptualized the localization and the
organization of seeded region growing by pixels aggregation (SRGPA) but we do
not give the issue when there is a collision between two distinct regions
during the growing process. In this paper, we propose two implementations to
manage two classical growing processes: one without a boundary region region to
divide the other regions and another with. Unfortunately, as noticed by Mehnert
and Jakway (1997), this partition depends on the seeded region initialisation
order (SRIO). We propose a growing process, invariant about SRIO such as the
boundary region is the set of ambiguous pixels.


title: Faint Galactic X-ray Binaries

abstract:
  We present a short overview of the properties of faint Galactic X-ray
binaries. We place emphasis on current classification scenarios. One of the
important parameters for the faint sources is their intrinsic luminosity. In
the case of low-mass X-ray binaries it has recently been realised that besides
a phase of radius expansion, the duration of type I X-ray bursts can be used as
a primer for the source luminosity in some cases. Further, we show that a very
low equivalent width of hydrogen and helium emission lines in the optical
spectrum alone is not a tell-tale sign for an ultra-compact system. Finally, we
list and discuss some unusual sources that could be X-ray binaries.


title: Dynamics of strong and radiative decays of Ds mesons

abstract:
  The positive parity scalar D$_{s0}^*$(2317) and axial-vector D$_{s1}^*$(2460)
charmed strange mesons are generated by coupled-channel dynamics through the
s-wave scattering of Goldstone bosons off the pseudoscalar and vector
D(D$_s$)-meson ground states. The attraction leading to the specific masses of
these states reflects the chiral symmetry breaking scale which characterizes
the Weinberg-Tomozawa interaction in the chiral Lagrangian. Chiral corrections
to order Q$_\chi^2$ are calculated and found to be small. The D$_{s0}^*$(2317)
and D$_{s1}^*$(2460) mesons decay either strongly into the isospin-violating
$\pi^0$D$_s$ and $\pi^0$D$_s^*$ channels or electromagnetically. We show that
the $\pi^0$-$\eta$ and (K$^0$D$^+$-K$^+$D$^0$) mixings act constructively to
generate strong widths of the order of 140 keV. The one-loop contribution to
the radiative decay amplitudes of scalar and axial-vector states is calculated
using the electromagnetic Lagrangian to chiral order Q$_\chi^2$. We show the
importance of taking into account processes involving light vector mesons
explicitly in the dynamics of electromagnetic decays to obtain a satisfactory
description of the available data.


title: Dark Energy Model with Spinor Matter and Its Quintom Scenario

abstract:
  A class of dynamical dark energy models, dubbed Spinor Quintom, can be
constructed by a spinor field $\psi$ with a nontraditional potential. We find
that, if choosing suitable potential, this model is able to allow the
equation-of-state to cross the cosmological constant boundary without
introducing any ghost fields. In a further investigation, we show that this
model is able to mimic a perfect fluid of Chaplygin gas with $p=-c/\rho$ during
the evolution, and also realizes the Quintom scenario with its
equation-of-state across -1.


title: Small overlap monoids II: automatic structures and normal forms

abstract:
  We show that any finite monoid or semigroup presentation satisfying the small
overlap condition C(4) has word problem which is a deterministic rational
relation. It follows that the set of lexicographically minimal words forms a
regular language of normal forms, and that these normal forms can be computed
in linear time. We also deduce that C(4) monoids and semigroups are rational
(in the sense of Sakarovitch), asynchronous automatic, and word hyperbolic (in
the sense of Duncan and Gilman). From this it follows that C(4) monoids satisfy
analogues of Kleene's theorem, and admit decision algorithms for the rational
subset and finitely generated submonoid membership problems. We also prove some
automata-theoretic results which may be of independent interest.


title: Combinatorics of line arrangements and characteristic varieties

abstract:
  This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to a sheaf-theoretic error,
in the end of the proof of the main theorem.


title: Observation of e+e- --> rho+rho- near sqrt(s)=10.58 GeV

abstract:
  We report the first observation of $e^+e^- \to \rho^+\rho^-$, in a data
sample of 379 $fb^{-1}$ collected with the BABAR detector at the {PEP-II}
$e^+e^-$ storage ring at center-of-mass energies near $\sqrt{s} = 10.58 GeV. We
measure a cross section of $\sigma({e^+e^-\} \to \rho^+ \rho^-) = {19.5 \pm
1.6(stat) \pm 3.2(syst) fb}$. Assuming production through single-photon
annihilation, there are three independent helicity amplitudes. We measure the
ratios of their squared moduli to be $|{F}_{00}|^2 : |{F}_{10}|^2 :
|{F}_{11}|^2 = 0.51 \pm 0.14(stat) \pm 0.07(syst) : 0.10 \pm 0.04(stat) \pm
0.01(syst) : 0.04 \pm 0.03(stat) \pm 0.01(syst)$. The $|{F}_{00}|^2$ result is
inconsistent with the prediction of 1.0 made by QCD models with a significance
of 3.1 standard deviations including systematic uncertainties.


title: Fractional resonances in the atom-optical delta-kicked accelerator

abstract:
  We consider resonant dynamics in a dilute atomic gas falling under gravity
through a periodically pulsed standing-wave laser field. Our numerical
calculations are based on a Monte Carlo method for an incoherent mixture of
noninteracting plane waves, and show that quantum resonances are highly
sensitive to the relative acceleration between the atomic gas and the pulsed
optical standing wave. For particular values of the atomic acceleration, we
observe fractional resonances. We investigate the effect of the initial atomic
momentum width on the fractional resonances, and quantify the sensitivity of
fractional resonances to thermal effects.


title: Neutron capture on 130Sn during r-process freeze-out

abstract:
  We examine the role of neutron capture on 130Sn during r-process freeze-out
in the neutrino-driven wind environment of the core-collapse supernova. We find
that the global r-process abundance pattern is sensitive to the magnitude of
the neutron capture cross section of 130Sn. The changes to the abundance
pattern include not only a relative decrease in the abundance of 130Sn and an
increase in the abundance of 131Sn, but also a shift in the distribution of
material in the rare earth and third peak regions.


title:
Small scale lateral superlattices in two-dimensional electron gases
  prepared by diblock copolymer masks

abstract:
  A poly(styrene-block-methylmethacrylate) diblock copolymer in the hexagonal
cylindrical phase has been used as a mask for preparing a periodic gate on top
of a Ga[Al]As-heterostructure. A superlattice period of 43 nm could be imposed
onto the two-dimensional electron gas. Transport measurements show a
characteristic positive magnetoresistance around zero magnetic field which we
interpret as a signature of electron motion guided by the superlattice
potential.


title:
Cytoskeleton mediated effective elastic properties of model red blood
  cell membranes

abstract:
  The plasma membrane of human red blood cells consists of a lipid bilayer
attached to a regular network of underlying cytoskeletal polymers. We model
this system at a dynamic coarse-grained level, treating the bilayer as an
elastic sheet and the cytoskeletal network as a series of phantom entropic
springs. In contrast to prior simulation efforts, we explicitly account for
dynamics of the cytoskeletal network, both via motion of the protein anchors
that attach the cytoskeleton to the bilayer and through breaking and
reconnection of individual cytoskeletal filaments. Simulation results are
explained in the context of a simple mean-field percolation model and
comparison is made to experimental measurements of red blood cell fluctuation
amplitudes.


title: Crossed products by twisted partial actions and graded algebras

abstract:
  For a twisted partial action \Theta of a group G on an (associative
non-necessarily unital) algebra A over a commutative unital ring k, the crossed
product A X_\Theta G is proved to be associative. Given a G-graded k-algebra B
= \oplus_{g\in G}\B_g with the mild restriction of homogeneous non-degeneracy,
a criteria is established for B to be isomorphic to the crossed product B_1
X_\Theta G for some twisted partial action of G on B_1. The equality
B_g\B_{g^{-1}}B_g = \B_g for all g\in G is one of the ingredients of the
criteria, and if it holds and, moreover, B has enough local units, then it is
shown that B is stably isomorphic to a crossed product by a twisted partial
action of G.


title: Relationship between the [OIII] 5007 line and 5GHz radio emission

abstract:
  I have compiled observations of [OIII] 5007 line and 5GHz radio emission for
a large sample of GPS, CSS and FR sources. Several properties were studied and
compared. The most relevant findings are that the FWHM and the luminosity of
the [OIII] 5007 line are correlated with the size of the radio source. I
present the data and discuss the correlations, with special focus on jet-host
interaction, triggering and enhancing of [OIII] 5007 emission.


title: Temperature dependence of ambipolar diffusion in silicon-on-insulator

abstract:
  Spatiotemporal dynamics of electron-hole pairs locally excited in a
silicon-on-insulator structure by indirect interband absorption are studied by
measuring differential transmission caused by free-carrier absorption of a
probe pulse tuned below the bandgap, with 200-fs temporal and 3-micrometer
spatial resolution. From sample temperatures of 250 K to 400 K, the ambipolar
diffusivity decreases, and is similar to reported values of bulk silicon.
Cooling the sample from 250 K to 90 K, a decrease of ambipolar diffusivity is
observed, indicating important influences of defects and residual stress on
carrier diffusion. No detectable density dependence of ambipolar diffusivity is
observed.


title:
All-optical generation and detection of sub-picosecond ac spin current
  pulses in GaAs

abstract:
  Sub-picosecond ac spin current pulses are generated optically in GaAs bulk
and quantum wells at room temperature and 90K through quantum interference
between one-photon and two-photon absorptions driven by two phase-locked
ultrafast laser pulses that are both circularly polarized. The dynamics of the
current pulses are detected optically by monitoring in real time and real space
nanoscale motion of electrons with high-resolution pump-probe techniques.


title:
On the mean square of the error term for the two-dimensional divisor
  problem (I)

abstract:
  Suppose $a$ and $b$ are two fixed positive integers such that $(a,b)=1.$ In
this paper we shall establish an asymptotic formula for the mean square of the
error term $\Delta_{a,b}(x)$ of the general two-dimensional divisor problem.


title:
The role of collective motion in examples of coarsening and
  self-assembly

abstract:
  The simplest prescription for building a patterned structure from its
constituents is to add particles, one at a time, to an appropriate template.
However, self-organizing molecular and colloidal systems in nature can evolve
in much more hierarchical ways. Specifically, constituents (or clusters of
constituents) may aggregate to form clusters (or clusters of clusters) that
serve as building blocks for later stages of assembly. Here we evaluate the
character and consequences of such collective motion in a set of prototypical
assembly processes. We do so using computer simulations in which a system's
capacity for hierarchical dynamics can be controlled systematically. By
explicitly allowing or suppressing collective motion, we quantify its effects.
We find that coarsening within a two dimensional attractive lattice gas (and an
analogous off-lattice model in three dimensions) is naturally dominated by
collective motion over a broad range of temperatures and densities. Under such
circumstances, cluster mobility inhibits the development of uniform coexisting
phases, especially when macroscopic segregation is strongly favored by
thermodynamics. By contrast, the assembly of model viral capsids is not
frustrated but is instead facilitated by collective moves, which promote the
orderly binding of intermediates consisting of several monomers.


title: The topological cyclic Deligne conjecture

abstract:
  Let O be a cyclic topological operad with multiplication. In the framework of
the cosimplicial machinery by McClure and Smith, we prove that the totalization
of the cosimplicial space associated to O has an action of an operad equivalent
to the framed little 2-discs operad.


title: From strings to the MSSM

abstract:
  We review recent progress in embedding the supersymmetric standard model into
string theory. We discuss how, with the incorporation of certain aspects of
grand unification, a search strategy can be developed that allows to
efficiently find rather large numbers of promising string vacua. Global
string-derived models with the following features are discussed: (i) exact MSSM
spectrum below the unification scale; (ii) R parity; (iii) hierarchical Yukawa
couplings with non-trivial mixing; (iv) solution to the mu problem; (v) see-saw
suppressed neutrino masses.


title: Power Indices and minimal winning Coalitions

abstract:
  The Penrose-Banzhaf index and the Shapley-Shubik index are the best-known and
the most used tools to measure political power of voters in simple voting
games. Most methods to calculate these power indices are based on counting
winning coalitions, in particular those coalitions a voter is decisive for. We
present a new combinatorial formula how to calculate both indices solely using
the set of minimal winning coalitions.


title:
Effective Potential of the Conformal Factor: Gravitational Average
  Action and Dynamical Triangulations

abstract:
  We discuss the effective potential of the conformal factor in the effective
average action approach to Quantum Einstein Gravity. Without invoking any
truncation or other approximations we show that if the theory has has a
non-Gaussian ultraviolet fixed point and is asymptotically safe the potential
has a characteristic behavior near the origin. We argue that this
characteristic behavior has already been observed in numerical simulations
within the Causal Dynamical Triangulation approach.


title:
Magnetic penetration depth of single crystal SmFeAsO_{1-x}F_y: a fully
  gapped superconducting state

abstract:
  We report measurements of the in-plane magnetic penetration depth $\lambda$
in single crystals of SmFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_y$ ($x\simeq y \simeq 0.2$) with $T_c
\simeq 45$ K. We find that at low temperature $\lambda$ has an exponential
temperature dependence which suggests that the Fermi surface is fully gapped.
The magnitude of the minimum energy gap, $\Delta_1=1.1\pm 0.1 k_BT_c$ at T=0 K,
is significantly smaller than the BCS weak-coupling value suggesting that the
gap is either strongly anisotropic or varies significantly between the
different Fermi surface sheets. Our data fits well a two gap model with an
additional larger gap of magnitude $\Delta_2 = 1.8\pm0.2 k_BT_c$ which is
associated with $\sim 80$% of the total superfluid density.


title:
Blue-detuned evanescent field surface traps for neutral atoms based on
  mode interference in ultra-thin optical fibres

abstract:
  We present and analyze a novel concept for blue-detuned evanescent field
surface traps for cold neutral atoms based on two-mode interference in
ultra-thin optical fibres. When two or more transverse modes with the same
frequency co-propagate in the fibre, their different phase velocities cause a
stationary interference pattern to establish. Intensity minima of the
evanescent field at any distance from the fibre surface can be created and an
array of optical microtraps can thus be obtained in the evanescent field. We
discuss three possible combinations of the lowest order modes, yielding traps
at one to two hundred nanometres from the fibre surface which, using a few ten
milliwatts of trapping laser power, have a depth on the order of 1 mK for
caesium atoms and a trapping lifetime exceeding 100 seconds. The resulting
trapping geometry is of particular interest because atoms in such microtrap
arrays will be coupled to any additional field propagating in the fibre via the
evanescent field, thereby realising ensembles of fibre-coupled atoms.


title: What does a random contingency table look like?

abstract:
  Let R=(r_1, ..., r_m) and C=(c_1, ..., c_n) be positive integer vectors such
that r_1 +... + r_m=c_1 +... + c_n. We consider the set Sigma(R, C) of
non-negative mxn integer matrices (contingency tables) with row sums R and
column sums C as a finite probability space with the uniform measure. We prove
that a random table D in Sigma(R,C) is close with high probability to a
particular matrix ("typical table'') Z defined as follows. We let g(x)=(x+1)
ln(x+1)-x ln x for non-negative x and let g(X)=sum_ij g(x_ij) for a
non-negative matrix X=(x_ij). Then g(X) is strictly concave and attains its
maximum on the polytope of non-negative mxn matrices X with row sums R and
column sums C at a unique point, which we call the typical table Z.


title:
Computing the Betti numbers of semi-algebraic sets defined by partly
  quadratic systems of polynomials

abstract:
  Let $\R$ be a real closed field, $ {\mathcal Q} \subset
\R[Y_1,...,Y_\ell,X_1,...,X_k], $ with $ \deg_{Y}(Q) \leq 2, \deg_{X}(Q) \leq
d, Q \in {\mathcal Q}, #({\mathcal Q})=m$, and $ {\mathcal P} \subset
\R[X_1,...,X_k] $ with $\deg_{X}(P) \leq d, P \in {\mathcal P}, #({\mathcal
P})=s$. Let $S \subset \R^{\ell+k}$ be a semi-algebraic set defined by a
Boolean formula without negations, with atoms $P=0, P \geq 0, P \leq 0, P \in
{\mathcal P} \cup {\mathcal Q}$. We describe an algorithm for computing the the
Betti numbers of $S$. The complexity of the algorithm is bounded by $(\ell s m
d)^{2^{O(m+k)}}$. The complexity of the algorithm interpolates between the
doubly exponential time bounds for the known algorithms in the general case,
and the polynomial complexity in case of semi-algebraic sets defined by few
quadratic inequalities known previously. Moreover, for fixed $m$ and $k$ this
algorithm has polynomial time complexity in the remaining parameters.


title: A Gear-like Predictor-Corrector method for Brownian Dynamics Simulation

abstract:
  We introduce a Predictor-Corrector type method suitable for performing
many-particle Brownian Dynamics simulations. Since the method goes over to the
Gear's method for Molecular Dynamics simulation in the limit of vanishing
friction, we refer to it as a Gear-like algorithm. The algorithm has been
tested on a one-dimensional, stochastically damped harmonic oscillator model,
showing that it can cover a wide range of friction coefficients with a
high-order accuracy, excellent stability, and a very small energy drift on the
long time scales.


title: Magnetic Monopole Loops supported by a Meron pair as the Quark Confiner

abstract:
  We give an analytical solution representing circular magnetic monopole loops
joining a pair of merons in the four-dimensional Euclidean SU(2) Yang-Mills
theory. This is achieved by solving the differential equation for the adjoint
color (magnetic monopole) field in the two--meron background field within the
recently developed reformulation of the Yang-Mills theory. Our analytical
solution corresponds to the numerical solution found by Montero and Negele on a
lattice. This result strongly suggests that a meron pair is the most relevant
quark confiner in the original Yang-Mills theory, as Callan, Dashen and Gross
suggested long ago.


title: Energy-momentum tensor correlators and spectral functions

abstract:
  We calculate the thermal Euclidean correlators and the spectral functions of
the energy-momentum tensor for pure gauge theories, including at non-zero
spatial momentum, at leading order in perturbation theory. Our goal is to
improve the extraction of transport properties from Euclidean correlators that
are computable in lattice QCD. Based on our results and the predictions of
hydrodynamics for the structure of the spectral functions at low frequencies,
we show that the shear and bulk viscosities can advantageously be extracted
from the Euclidean correlators of the conserved charges, energy and momentum,
at small but non-vanishing spatial momentum. The spectral functions in these
channels are free of the ultraviolet $\omega^4$ term which represents a large
background to the thermal physics encoded in the correlators of the fluxes.


title: Harmonic measures versus quasiconformal measures for hyperbolic groups

abstract:
  We establish a dimension formula for the harmonic measure of a finitely
supported and symmetric random walk on a hyperbolic group. We also characterize
random walks for which this dimension is maximal. Our approach is based on the
Green metric, a metric which provides a geometric point of view on random walks
and, in particular, which allows us to interpret harmonic measures as \qc
measures on the boundary of the group.


title: Hamiltonian Normal Forms and Galactic Potentials

abstract:
  The study of self-gravitating stellar systems has provided important hints to
develop tools of analytical mechanics. In the present contribution we review
how to exploit detuned resonant normal forms to extract information on several
aspects of the dynamics in systems with self-similar elliptical equipotentials.
In particular, using energy and ellipticity as parameters, we compute the
instability thresholds of axial orbits, bifurcation values of low-order boxlets
and phase-space fractions pertaining to the families around them. We also show
how to infer something about the singular limit of the potential.


title: Direct Search for Dark Matter - Striking the Balance - and the Future

abstract:
  Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are among the main candidates
for the relic dark matter (DM). The idea of the direct DM detection relies on
elastic spin-dependent (SD) and spin-independent (SI) interaction of WIMPs with
target nuclei. In this review paper the relevant formulae for WIMP event rate
calculations are collected. For estimations of the WIMP-proton and WIMP-neutron
SD and SI cross sections the effective low-energy minimal supersymmetric
standard model is used. The traditional one-coupling-dominance approach for
evaluation of the exclusion curves is described. Further, the mixed spin-scalar
coupling approach is discussed. It is demonstrated, taking the high-spin Ge-73
dark matter experiment HDMS as an example, how one can drastically improve the
sensitivity of the exclusion curves within the mixed spin-scalar coupling
approach, as well as due to a new procedure of background subtraction from the
measured spectrum. A general discussion on the information obtained from
exclusion curves is given. The necessity of clear WIMP direct detection
signatures for a solution of the dark matter problem, is pointed out.


title: Vacuum Rabi oscillation of an atom without rotating-wave approximation

abstract:
  We have investigated vacuum Rabi oscillation of an atom coupled with
single-mode cavity field exactly, and compared the results with that of J-C
model. The results show that, there is damping Rabi oscillation for an atom,
even in strong coupling regime. For small detuning and weak coupling case, the
probability for the atom in excited state oscillates against time with
different frequency and amplitude from that of J-C model. It exhibits the
counter-rotating wave interaction could significantly effect the dynamic
behavior of the atom, even under the condition in which the RWA is considered
to be justified. On the other hand, the results also reveal that the
counter-rotating wave interaction could obviously modify the decay rate in
strong coupling regime. And there is Rabi oscillation for initially unexcited
atom, which is contrary to that of J-C model.


title: Velocity-correlation distributions in granular systems

abstract:
  We investigate the velocity-correlation distributions after $n$ collisions of
a tagged particle undergoing binary collisions. Analytical expressions are
obtained in any dimension for the velocity-correlation distribution after the
first-collision as well as for the velocity-correlation function after an
infinite number of collisions, in the limit of Gaussian velocity distributions.
It appears that the decay of the first-collision velocity-correlation
distribution for negative argument is exponential in any dimension with a
coefficient that depends on the mass and on the coefficient of restitution. We
also obtained the velocity-correlation distribution when the velocity
distributions are not Gaussian: by inserting Sonine corrections of the velocity
distributions, we derive the corrections to the velocity-correlation
distribution which agree perfectly with a DSMC (Direct Simulation Monte Carlo)
simulation. We emphasize that these new quantities can be easily obtained in
simulations and likely in experiments: they could be an efficient probe of the
local environment and of the degree of inelasticity of the collisions.


title:
Nested iterative algorithms for convex constrained image recovery
  problems

abstract:
  The objective of this paper is to develop methods for solving image recovery
problems subject to constraints on the solution. More precisely, we will be
interested in problems which can be formulated as the minimization over a
closed convex constraint set of the sum of two convex functions f and g, where
f may be non-smooth and g is differentiable with a Lipschitz-continuous
gradient. To reach this goal, we derive two types of algorithms that combine
forward-backward and Douglas-Rachford iterations. The weak convergence of the
proposed algorithms is proved. In the case when the Lipschitz-continuity
property of the gradient of g is not satisfied, we also show that, under some
assumptions, it remains possible to apply these methods to the considered
optimization problem by making use of a quadratic extension technique. The
effectiveness of the algorithms is demonstrated for two wavelet-based image
restoration problems involving a signal-dependent Gaussian noise and a Poisson
noise, respectively.


title: The Purely Leptonic Decays D+ -> mu+ nu and Ds+-> lepton+ nu at CLEO

abstract:
  We update our previous results by increasing the luminosity, the efficiency,
and for the Ds+ the number of tags. We determine f{D+}=(205.8 +/- 8.5 +/- 2.5)
MeV, and an interim preliminary value of f{Ds+}=(267.9 +/- 8.2 +/- 3.9) MeV,
where both results are radiatively corrected. We agree with the recent most
precise unquenched Lattice-QCD calculation for the D+, but are in disagreement
for the Ds+. Several consequences are discussed, including the possibility of
physics beyond the Standard Model.


title:
Estimate of the branching fraction $\tau^- \to \eta \pi^-\nu_\tau$, the
  $a_0^-(980)$, and non-standard weak interactions

abstract:
  We consider the ``second-class current'' decay $\tau^-\to\pi^-\eta\nu_\tau$
from several points of view. We first focus on the decay rate as expected
within standard weak interaction and QCD due to isospin violation. The decay
contributions divide into $P$- and $S$-wave parts. The former can be reliably
estimated using the $\rho\eta\pi$ coupling inferred from the rates and
Dalitz-plot distributions of $\eta\to 3\pi$ decays. The somewhat larger
$S$-wave part, which was previously computed using chiral perturbation theory,
is estimated from a simple $\bar qq$ model. Both estimates of the $S$-wave part
depend on whether the $a_0(980)$ scalar particle is a $\bar qq$ or some other
(4-quark) state. Finally, we discuss genuinely new, non-$V-A$ scalar weak
interactions. The $\tau^-\to\pi^-\eta\nu_\tau$ decay provides information on
this question, which nicely complements that from precision $\beta$ decay
experiments. % In summary, we discuss the possible implications of putative
values of the branching fraction ${\cal B}(\tau^-\to\pi^-\eta\nu_\tau)$. In the
case of larger values, in particular of the $S$-wave part, not only will
detection of the decay be more likely and more reliable, its implications will
be more far-reaching and interesting.


title:
Donor-donor interaction mediated by cavity-photons and its relation to
  interactions mediated by excitons and polaritons

abstract:
  I report theoretical predictions of two models of donor-donor indirect
interaction mediated by photons in zero- and two-dimensional cavities. These
results are compared to previously studied cases of indirect interactions
mediated by excitons and/or polaritons in bulk semiconductor and
two-dimensional cavities. I find that photons mediate an Ising-like interaction
between donors in the same manner polaritons do, in contrast to the
Heisenberg-like interaction mediated by exciton. For the particular case of a
two-dimensional cavity, the model shows that the dependence on distance of the
donor-donor coupling constant is the same for photons and polaritons when the
donor-donor distance is large. Then, it becomes clear that photons are
responsible for the long range behavior of the polariton indirect interaction.


title: Thermal instability in a gravity-like scalar theory

abstract:
  We study the question of stability of the ground state of a scalar theory
which is a generalization of the phi^3 theory and has some similarity to
gravity with a cosmological constant. We show that the ground state of the
theory at zero temperature becomes unstable above a certain critical
temperature, which is evaluated in closed form at high temperature.


title: Energy minimization and AC demagnetization in a nanomagnet array

abstract:
  We study AC demagnetization in frustrated arrays of single-domain
ferromagnetic islands, exhaustively resolving every (Ising-like) magnetic
degree of freedom in the systems. Although the net moment of the arrays is
brought near zero by a protocol with sufficiently small step size, the final
magnetostatic energy of the demagnetized array continues to decrease for
finer-stepped protocols and does not extrapolate to the ground state energy.
The resulting complex disordered magnetic state can be described by a
maximum-entropy ensemble constrained to satisfy just nearest-neighbor
correlations.


title: On elliptic modular foliations

abstract:
  In this article we consider the three parameter family of elliptic curves
$E_t: y^2-4(x-t_1)^3+t_2(x-t_1)+t_3=0, t\in\C^3$ and study the modular
holomorphic foliation $\F_{\omega}$ in $\C^3$ whose leaves are constant locus
of the integration of a 1-form $\omega$ over topological cycles of $E_t$. Using
the Gauss-Manin connection of the family $E_t$, we show that $\F_{\omega}$ is
an algebraic foliation. In the case $\omega=\frac{xdx}{y}$, we prove that a
transcendent leaf of $\F_{\omega}$ contains at most one point with algebraic
coordinates and the leaves of $\F_{\omega}$ corresponding to the zeros of
integrals, never cross such a point. Using the generalized period map
associated to the family $E_t$, we find a uniformization of $\F_{\omega}$ in
$T$, where $T\subset \C^3$ is the locus of parameters $t$ for which $E_t$ is
smooth. We find also a real first integral of $\F_\omega$ restricted to $T$ and
show that $\F_{\omega}$ is given by the Ramanujan relations between the
Eisenstein series.


title: Superfluid Phase Stability of $^3$He in Axially Anisotropic Aerogel

abstract:
  Measurements of superfluid $^3$He in 98% aerogel demonstrate the existence of
a metastable \emph{A}-like phase and a stable \emph{B}-like phase. It has been
suggested that the relative stability of these two phases is controlled by
anisotropic quasiparticle scattering in the aerogel. Anisotropic scattering
produced by axial compression of the aerogel has been predicted to stabilize
the axial state of superfluid $^3$He. To explore this possiblity, we used
transverse acoustic impedance to map out the phase diagram of superfluid $^3$He
in a $\sim 98$% porous silica aerogel subjected to 17% axial compression. We
have previously shown that axial anisotropy in aerogel leads to optical
birefringence and that optical cross-polarization studies can be used to
characterize such anisotropy. Consequently, we have performed optical
cross-polarization experiments to verify the presence and uniformity of the
axial anisotropy in our aerogel sample. We find that uniform axial anisotropy
introduced by 17% compression does not stabilize the \emph{A}-like phase. We
also find an increase in the supercooling of the \emph{A}-like phase at lower
pressure, indicating a modification to \emph{B}-like phase nucleation in
\emph{globally} anisotropic aerogels.


title:
Conceptualization of seeded region growing by pixels aggregation. Part
  3: a wide range of algorithms

abstract:
  In the two previous papers of this serie, we have created a library, called
Population, dedicated to seeded region growing by pixels aggregation and we
have proposed different growing processes to get a partition with or without a
boundary region to divide the other regions or to get a partition invariant
about the seeded region initialisation order. Using this work, we implement
some algorithms belonging to the field of SRGPA using this library and these
growing processes.


title: Anomaly freedom in perturbative loop quantum gravity

abstract:
  A fully consistent linear perturbation theory for cosmology is derived in the
presence of quantum corrections as they are suggested by properties of inverse
volume operators in loop quantum gravity. The underlying constraints present a
consistent deformation of the classical system, which shows that the
discreteness in loop quantum gravity can be implemented in effective equations
without spoiling space-time covariance. Nevertheless, non-trivial quantum
corrections do arise in the constraint algebra. Since correction terms must
appear in tightly controlled forms to avoid anomalies, detailed insights for
the correct implementation of constraint operators can be gained. The
procedures of this article thus provide a clear link between fundamental
quantum gravity and phenomenology.


title:
Low temperature thermal resistance for a new design of silver sinter
  heat exchanger

abstract:
  We have developed a novel procedure for constructing high surface area silver
sinter heat exchangers. Our recipe incorporates nylon fibers having a diameter
of ~ 50 microns and thin wires of bulk silver in the heat exchanger. In order
to increase the thermal conductance of liquid helium within the heat exchanger,
prior to sintering, the nylon fibers are dissolved with an organic acid leaving
a network of channels. In addition, the silver wires reinforce the structural
integrity, and reduce the resistance, of the silver sinter. We have constructed
a 3-He melting curve thermometer (MCT) with this type of heat exchanger and
measured the thermal time response of the liquid 3-He inside the MCT in the
temperature range T = 2-150 mK. We find a thermal relaxation time of ~ 490 s at
T ~ 1 mK. We have used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to characterize the
heat exchanger and BET absorption for determination of the specific surface
area.


title: Measurements of the aeolian sand transport saturation length

abstract:
  The wavelength at which a dune pattern emerges from a flat sand bed is
controlled by the sediment transport saturation length, which is the length
needed for the sand flux to adapt to a change of wind strength. The influence
of the wind shear velocity on this saturation length and on the subsequent dune
initial wavelength has remained controversial. In this letter, we present
direct measurements of the saturation length performed in a wind tunnel
experiment. In complement, initial dune wavelengths are measured under
different wind conditions -- in particular after storms. Using the linear
stability analysis of dune formation, it is then possible to deduce the
saturation length from field data. Both direct and indirect measurements agree
that the saturation length is almost independent of the wind strength. This
demonstrates that, in contrast with erosion, grain inertia is the dominant
dynamical mechanism limiting sediment transport saturation.


title: Testing the Randomness in the Sky-Distribution of Gamma-Ray Bursts

abstract:
  We studied the complete randomness of the angular distribution of gamma-ray
bursts (GRBs) detected by BATSE. Since GRBs seem to be a mixture of objects of
different physical nature we divided the BATSE sample into 5 subsamples
(short1, short2, intermediate, long1, long2) based on their durations and peak
fluxes and studied the angular distributions separately. We used three methods,
Voronoi tesselation, minimal spanning tree and multifractal spectra to search
for non-randomness in the subsamples. To investigate the eventual
non-randomness in the subsamples we defined 13 test-variables (9 from the
Voronoi tesselation, 3 from the minimal spanning tree and one from the
multifractal spectrum). Assuming that the point patterns obtained from the
BATSE subsamples are fully random we made Monte Carlo simulations taking into
account the BATSE's sky-exposure function. The MC simulations enabled us to
test the null hypothesis i.e. that the angular distributions are fully random.
We tested the randomness by binomial test and introducing squared Euclidean
distances in the parameter space of the test-variables. We concluded that the
short1, short2 groups deviate significantly (99.90%, 99.98%) from the fully
randomness in the distribution of the squared Euclidean distances but it is not
the case at the long samples. At the intermediate group the squared Euclidean
distances also give significant deviation (98.51%).


title: Magnetic Mixing in Red Giant and Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars

abstract:
  The available information on isotopic abundances in the atmospheres of
low-mass Red Giant Branch (RGB) and Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars
requires that episodes of extensive mixing occur below the convective envelope,
reaching down to layers close to the hydrogen burning shell (Cool Bottom
Processing). Recently \cite{Busso:2007jw} suggested that dynamo-produced
buoyant magnetic flux tubes could provide the necessary physical mechanisms and
also supply sufficient transport rates. Here, we present an $\alpha-\Omega$
dynamo in the envelope of an RGB/AGB star in which shear and rotation drain via
turbulent dissipation and Poynting flux. In this context, if the dynamo is to
sustain throughout either phase, convection must resupply shear. Under this
condition, volume-averaged, peak toroidal field strengths of
$<B_\phi>\simeq3\times10^3$ G (RGB) and $<B_\phi>\simeq5\times10^3$ G (AGB) are
possible at the base of the convection zone. If the magnetic fields are
concentrated in flux tubes, the corresponding field strengths are comparable to
those required by Cool Bottom Processing.


title: Instability of q-expectation value

abstract:
  q-Expectation value of a physical quantity is widely used in nonextensive
statistical mechanics. Here, it is shown that the q-expectation value is not
stable under small deformations of a probability distribution function, in
general, whereas the ordinary expectation value is always stable.


title: Spin Glass Order Induced by Dynamic Frustration

abstract:
  Spin glasses are systems whose magnetic moments freeze at low temperature
into random orientations without long-range order. It is generally accepted
that both frustration and disorder are essential ingredients in all spin
glasses, so it was surprising that PrAu2Si2, a stoichiometric compound with a
well-ordered crystal structure, was reported to exhibit spin glass freezing. In
this article, we report on inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the
crystal field excitations, which show that PrAu2Si2 has a singlet ground state
and that the exchange coupling is very close to the critical value to induce
magnetic order. We propose that spin glass freezing results from dynamic
fluctuations of the crystal field levels that destabilize the induced moments
and frustrate the development of long-range magnetic correlations. This novel
mechanism for producing a frustrated ground state could provide a method of
testing the concept of `avoided criticality' in glassy systems.


title:
Common field-induced quantum critical point in high-temperature
  superconductors and heavy-fermion metals

abstract:
  High-temperature superconductors (HTSC) and heavy-fermion (HF) metals exhibit
extraordinary properties. They are so unusual that the traditional Landau
paradigm of quasiparticles does not apply. It is widely believed that utterly
new concepts are required to describe the underlying physics. There is a
fundamental question: how many concepts do we need to describe the above
physical mechanisms? This cannot be answered on purely experimental or
theoretical grounds. Rather, we have to use both of them. Recently, in HTSC,
the new and exciting measurements have been performed, demonstrating a puzzling
magnetic field induced transition from non-Fermi liquid to Landau Fermi liquid
behavior. We show, that in spite of very different microscopic nature of HTSC
and HF metals, the behavior of HTSC is similar to that observed in HF
compounds. We employ a theory, based on fermion condensation quantum phase
transition which is able to resolve the above puzzles.


title:
Excitability in the vicinity of a saddle-node bifurcation: a mechanism
  for reversals

abstract:
  We present a new mechanism for oscillatory or random reversals of the
magnetic field that occur from a stationary dynamo state. The basic ingredient
is the existence of two nearly critical dynamo eigenmodes, a stable and an
unstable one, that collide during a saddle-node bifurcation. Above this
bifurcation, a finite amplitude limit cycle is generated. In the neighbourhood
of the bifurcation, even a small amount of turbulent fluctuations is enough to
generate random reversals of the magnetic field. When the two competing
eigenmodes have different symmetries, this scenario requires a broken symmetry
of the flow that generates the dynamo. This is in good agreement with the
observations of the VKS experiment. It can also explain the dynamics of
planetary or stellar magnetic fields and can be used to understand reversals of
large scale flows that often develop on a turbulent background.


title: Cooperation with Complement is Better

abstract:
  In a setting where heterogeneous agents interact to accomplish a given set of
goals, cooperation is of utmost importance, especially when agents cannot
achieve their individual goals by exclusive use of their own efforts. Even when
we consider friendly environments and benevolent agents, cooperation involves
several issues: with whom to cooperate, reciprocation, how to address credit
assignment and complex division of gains, etc. We propose a model where
heterogeneous agents cooperate by forming groups and formation of larger groups
is promoted. Benefit of agents is proportional to the performance and the size
of the group. There is a time pressure to form a group. We investigate how
preferring similar or complement agents in group formation affects an agent's
success. Preferring complement in group formation is found to be better, yet
there is no need to push the strategy to the extreme since the effect of
complementing partners is saturated.


title:
Conceptualization of seeded region growing by pixels aggregation. Part
  4: Simple, generic and robust extraction of grains in granular materials
  obtained by X-ray tomography

abstract:
  This paper proposes a simple, generic and robust method to extract the grains
from experimental tridimensionnal images of granular materials obtained by
X-ray tomography. This extraction has two steps: segmentation and splitting.
For the segmentation step, if there is a sufficient contrast between the
different components, a classical threshold procedure followed by a succession
of morphological filters can be applied. If not, and if the boundary needs to
be localized precisely, a watershed transformation controlled by labels is
applied. The basement of this transformation is to localize a label included in
the component and another label in the component complementary. A "soft"
threshold following by an opening is applied on the initial image to localize a
label in a component. For any segmentation procedure, the visualisation shows a
problem: some groups of two grains, close one to each other, become connected.
So if a classical cluster procedure is applied on the segmented binary image,
these numerical connected grains are considered as a single grain. To overcome
this problem, we applied a procedure introduced by L. Vincent in 1993. This
grains extraction is tested for various complexes porous media and granular
material, to predict various properties (diffusion, electrical conductivity,
deformation field) in a good agreement with experiment data.


title: A completeness study on a class of discrete, 'two by two' Lax pairs

abstract:
  We propose a method by which to examine all possible partial difference Lax
pairs that consist of 'two by two' discrete linear problems, where the matrices
contain one separable term in each entry. We thereby derive new, higher-order
versions of the lattice sine-Gordon and lattice modified KdV equations, while
showing that there can be no other partial difference equations associated with
this type of Lax pair.


title: $q$-Partition Algebra Combinatorics

abstract:
  We compute the dimension $d_{n,r}(q) = \dim(\IR_q^r)$ of the defining module
$\IR_q^r$ for the $q$-partition algebra. This module comes from $r$-iterations
of Harish-Chandra restriction and induction on $\GL_n(\FF_q)$. This dimension
is a polynomial in $q$ that specializes as $d_{n,r}(1) = n^r$ and $d_{n,r}(0) =
B(r)$, the $r$th Bell number. We compute $d_{n,r}(q)$ in two ways. The first is
purely combinatorial. We show that $d_{n,r}(q) = \sum_\lambda f^\lambda(q)
m_r^\lambda$, where $f^\lambda(q)$ is the $q$-hook number and $m_r^\lambda$ is
the number of $r$-vacillating tableaux. Using a Schensted bijection, we write
this as a sum over integer sequences which, when $q$-counted by inverse major
index, gives $d_{n,r}(q)$. The second way is algebraic. We find a basis of
$\IR_q^r$ that is indexed by $n$-restricted $q$-set partitions of $\{1,...,
r\}$, and we show that there are $d_{n,r}(q)$ of these.


title: A note on palindromic $\delta$-vectors for certain rational polytopes

abstract:
  Let P be a convex polytope containing the origin, whose dual is a lattice
polytope. Hibi's Palindromic Theorem tells us that if P is also a lattice
polytope then the Ehrhart $\delta$-vector of P is palindromic. Perhaps less
well-known is that a similar result holds when P is rational. We present an
elementary lattice-point proof of this fact.


title: Sums of squares and orthogonal integral vectors

abstract:
  Two vectors in $\BZ^3$ are called \emph{twins} if they are orthogonal and
have the same length. The paper describes twin pairs using cubic lattices, and
counts the number of twin pairs with a given length. Integers $M$ with the
property that each integral vector with length $\sqrt{M}$ has a twin are called
twin-complete. They are completely characterized modulo a famous conjecture in
number theory. The main tool is the decomposition theory of Hurwitz integral
quaternions. Throughout the paper we made a concerted effort to keep the
exposition as elementary as possible.


title: On primitive Dirichlet characters and the Riemann hypothesis

abstract:
  For any natural number $n$, let $X'_n$ be the set of primitive Dirichlet
characters modulo $n$. We show that if the Riemann hypothesis is true, then the
inequality $|X'_{2n_k}|\le C_2 e^{-\gamma} \phi(2n_k)/\log\log(2n_k)$ holds for
all $k\ge 1$, where $n_k$ is the product of the first $k$ primes, $\gamma$ is
the Euler-Mascheroni constant, $C_2$ is the twin prime constant, and $\phi(n)$
is the Euler function. On the other hand, if the Riemann hypothesis is false,
then there are infinitely many $k$ for which the same inequality holds and
infinitely many $k$ for which it fails to hold.


title: A Two-Fluid Method for Ambipolar Diffusion

abstract:
  We present a semi-implicit method for isothermal two-fluid ion-neutral
ambipolar drift that is second-order accurate in space and time. The method has
been implemented in the RIEMANN code for astrophysical fluid dynamics. We
present four test problems that show the method works and correctly tracks the
propagation of MHD waves and the structure of two-fluid C-shocks. The accurate
propagation of MHD waves in the two-fluid approximation is shown to be a
stringent test of the algorithm. We demonstrate that highly accurate methods
are required in order to properly capture the MHD wave behaviour in the
presence of ion-neutral friction.


title: Movement and Man at the end of the Random Walks

abstract:
  In this paper, it is presented the well known aspect of non linearity of
internal human body structures. Similarity on the basis of the Fractional
Brownian Motion from the static ones, as the geometrical fractals like the
Intestine and placenta linings, Airways in lungs, Arterial system in kidneys
and so on. To the kinematics ones, as the temporal fractals like Heart beat
sequences, Electroencephalograms, Respiratory tidal volumes, DNA sequences
mapping and so on. But this internal well known knowledge is astonishing
extendible from the internal, through the Brownian basis of the muscular
contraction, to the macroscopic external human movements, like the orthostatic
equilibrium, gait, running training, judo contest and soccer, basketball,
football or water polo games, by means of the ubiquitous continuous presence;
the Brownian Dynamics.


title: The nuclear radio structure of X-ray bright AGN

abstract:
  The physical nature of the X-ray/radio correlation of AGN is still an
unsolved question. High angular resolution observations are necessary to
disentangle the associated energy dynamics into nuclear and stellar components.
We present MERLIN/EVN 18cm observations of 13 X-raying AGN. The sample consists
of Seyfert 1, Narrow Line Seyfert 1, and LINER-like galaxies. We find that for
all objects the radio emission is unresolved and that the radio luminosities
and brightness temperatures are too high for star formation to play an
important role. This indicates that the radio emission in these sources is
closely connected to processes that occur in the vicinity of the central
massive black hole, also where the X-ray emission is believed to originate in.


title:
How the effective boson-boson interaction works in Bose-Fermi mixtures
  in periodic geometries

abstract:
  We study mixtures of spinless bosons and not spin-polarized fermions loaded
in two dimensional optical lattices. We approach the problem of the ground
state stability within the framework of the linear response theory; by the mean
of an iterative procedure, we are able to obtain a relation for the dependence
of boson-boson effective interaction on the absolute temperature of the sample.
Proceeding from such a formula, we write down analyitical expressions for
Supersolid (SS) and Phase Separation (PS) transition temperatures, and plot the
phase diagrams.


title:
Use of a Quantum Computer and the Quick Medical Reference To Give an
  Approximate Diagnosis

abstract:
  The Quick Medical Reference (QMR) is a compendium of statistical knowledge
connecting diseases to findings (symptoms). The information in QMR can be
represented as a Bayesian network. The inference problem (or, in more medical
language, giving a diagnosis) for the QMR is to, given some findings, find the
probability of each disease. Rejection sampling and likelihood weighted
sampling (a.k.a. likelihood weighting) are two simple algorithms for making
approximate inferences from an arbitrary Bayesian net (and from the QMR
Bayesian net in particular). Heretofore, the samples for these two algorithms
have been obtained with a conventional "classical computer". In this paper, we
will show that two analogous algorithms exist for the QMR Bayesian net, where
the samples are obtained with a quantum computer. We expect that these two
algorithms, implemented on a quantum computer, can also be used to make
inferences (and predictions) with other Bayesian nets.


title: Gravitational N-body Simulations

abstract:
  Gravitational N-body simulations, that is numerical solutions of the
equations of motions for N particles interacting gravitationally, are widely
used tools in astrophysics, with applications from few body or solar system
like systems all the way up to galactic and cosmological scales. In this
article we present a summary review of the field highlighting the main methods
for N-body simulations and the astrophysical context in which they are usually
applied.


title: The Bethe ansatz for superconformal Chern-Simons

abstract:
  We study the anomalous dimensions for scalar operators for a
three-dimensional Chern-Simons theory recently proposed in arXiv:0806.1218. We
show that the mixing matrix at two-loop order is that for an integrable
Hamiltonian of an SU(4) spin chain with sites alternating between the
fundamental and the anti-fundamental representations. We find a set of Bethe
equations from which the anomalous dimensions can be determined and give a
proposal for the Bethe equations to the full superconformal group of
OSp(2,2|6).


title:
Quasisymmetric conjugacy between quadratic dynamics and iterated
  function systems

abstract:
  We consider linear iterated function systems (IFS) with a constant
contraction ratio in the plane for which the "overlap set" $\Ok$ is finite, and
which are "invertible" on the attractor $A$, the sense that there is a
continuous surjection $q: A\to A$ whose inverse branches are the contractions
of the IFS. The overlap set is the critical set in the sense that $q$ is not a
local homeomorphism precisely at $\Ok$. We suppose also that there is a
rational function $p$ with the Julia set $J$ such that $(A,q)$ and $(J,p)$ are
conjugate. We prove that if $A$ has bounded turning and $p$ has no parabolic
cycles, then the conjugacy is quasisymmetric. This result is applied to some
specific examples including an uncountable family. Our main focus is on the
family of IFS $\{\lambda z,\lambda z+1\}$ where $\lambda$ is a complex
parameter in the unit disk, such that its attractor $A_\lam$ is a dendrite,
which happens whenever $\Ok$ is a singleton. C. Bandt observed that a simple
modification of such an IFS (without changing the attractor) is invertible and
gives rise to a quadratic-like map $q_\lam$ on $A_\lam$. If the IFS is
post-critically finite, then a result of A. Kameyama shows that there is a
quadratic map $p_c(z)=z^2+c$, with the Julia set $J_c$ such that
$(A_\lam,q_\lam)$ and $(J_c,p_c)$ are conjugate. We prove that this conjugacy
is quasisymmetric and obtain partial results in the general (not
post-critically finite) case.


title: Short-distance thermal correlations in the XXZ chain

abstract:
  Recent studies have revealed much of the mathematical structure of the static
correlation functions of the XXZ chain. Here we use the results of those
studies in order to work out explicit examples of short-distance correlation
functions in the infinite chain. We compute two-point functions ranging over 2,
3 and 4 lattice sites as functions of the temperature and the magnetic field
for various anisotropies in the massless regime $- 1 < \Delta < 1$. It turns
out that the new formulae are numerically efficient and allow us to obtain the
correlations functions over the full parameter range with arbitrary precision.


title:
Continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocols over noisy
  channels

abstract:
  A continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocol based on squeezed
states and heterodyne detection is introduced and shown to attain higher secret
key rates over a noisy line than any other one-way Gaussian protocol. This
increased resistance to channel noise can be understood as resulting from
purposely adding noise to the signal that is converted into the secret key.
This notion of noise-enhanced tolerance to noise also provides a better
physical insight into the poorly understood discrepancies between the
previously defined families of Gaussian protocols.


title: A shrinking Compact Symmetric Object: J11584+2450?

abstract:
  We present multi-frequency multi-epoch Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA)
observations of J11584+2450. These observations clearly show this source,
previously classified as a core-jet, to be a compact symmetric object (CSO).
Comparisons between these new data and data taken over the last 9 years shows
the edge brightened hot spots retreating towards the core (and slightly to the
west) at approximately 0.3c. Whether this motion is strictly apparent or
actually physical in nature is discussed, as well as possible explanations, and
what implications a physical contraction of J11584+2450 would have for current
CSO models.


title:
Generalized Kodama partition functions: A preview into normalizability
  for the generalized Kodama states

abstract:
  In this paper we outline the computation of the partition function for the
generalized Kodama states (GKod) of quantum gravity using the background field
method. We show that the coupling constant for GKod is the same dimensionless
coupling constant that appears in the partition function of the pure Kodama
state (Chern--Simons functional) and argue that the GKod partition function is
renormalizable as a loop expansion in direct analogy to Chern--Simons
perturbation theory. The GKod partition function contains an infinite set of
1PI vertices uniquely fixed, as a result of the semiclassical-quantum
correspondence, by the first-order vertex. This implies the existence of a
well-defined effective action for the partition function since the `phase' of
the GKod, provided a finite state exists, is equivalent to this effective
action. Additionally, the separation of the matter from the gravitational
contributions bears a resemblance to the infinite dimensional analogue to
Kaluza--Klein theory. Future directions of research include extension of the
computations of this paper to the norm of the GKod as well as to examine the
analogue of the Chern--Simons Jone's polynomials and link invariants using the
GKod as a measure.


title:
HARP Collaboration results on the proton-nuclei interactions at few GeV
  energies

abstract:
  Recent results obtained by the HARP collaboration on the measurements of the
double-differential production cross-section of positive and negative pions in
proton interactions with nuclear targets from Beryllium to Lead are presented.
They cover production at small angles (30-210 mrad) and relatively large
momenta up to 8 GeV/c as well as large angles (0.35 - 2.15 rad) and small
momenta (0.1 - 0.8 GeV/c). These results are relevant for a detailed
understanding of neutrino fluxes in accelerator neutrino experiments, better
prediction of atmospheric neutrino fluxes, optimization of a future neutrino
factory design and for improvement of hadronic generators widely used by the
HEP community in the simulation of hadronic interactions.


title: Quantifying the performance of jet algorithms at LHC

abstract:
  In the present contribution we introduce a strategy to quantify the
performance of modern infrared and collinear safe jet clustering algorithms in
processes which involve the reconstruction of heavy object decays. We determine
optimal choices for fictional narrow $Z'\to q\bar{q}$ and $H\to gg$ over a
range of masses, providing examples of simple quark-jet and gluon-jet samples
respectively. We show also that our estimates are robust against the presence
of high-luminosity pileup.


title:
Instanton representation of Plebanski gravity: XVIII. Quantization and
  proposed resolution of the Kodama state

abstract:
  In this paper we have constructed a Hilbert space of states solving the
initial value constraints of GR in the instanton representation of Plebanski
gravity. The states are labelled by two free functions of position constructed
from the eigenvalues of the CDJ matrix. This comprises the physical degrees of
freedom of GR with a semiclassical limit corresponding to spacetimes of Petrov
Type I, D and O. The Hamiltonian constraint in this representation is a
hypergeometric differential equation on the states, for which we have provided
a closed form solution. Additionally, we have clarified the role of the Kodama
state within this Hilbert space structure, which provides a resolution to the
issue of its normalizability raised by various authors.


title: The Planar Rook Algebra and Pascal's Triangle

abstract:
  We study the combinatorial representation theory of the ``planar rook
algebra" $P_n$. This algebra has a basis consisting of planar rook diagrams and
multiplication given by diagram concatenation. For each integer $0 \le k \le
n$, we construct natural representations $V^n_k$ which form a complete set of
non-isomorphic, irreducible $P_n$-representations. We explicitly decompose the
regular representation of $P_n$ into a direct sum of irreducible modules. We
compute the Bratteli diagram for the tower of algebras $P_0 \subseteq P_1
\subseteq P_2 \subseteq ...$ and show that this Bratteli diagram is Pascal's
triangle. In fact, we show that many of the binomial identities, both additive
and multiplicative, have interpretations in terms of the representation theory
of the planar rook algebra.


title: Configuration mixing in the neutron-deficient $^{186-196}$Pb isotopes

abstract:
  In this article we report the results of detailed interacting boson model
calculations with configuration mixing for the neutron-deficient Pb isotopes.
Calculated energy levels and $B(E2)$ values for $^{188-196}$Pb are discussed
and some care is suggested concerning the current classification on the basis
of level systematics of the $4_1^+$ and $6_1^+$ states in $^{190-194}$Pb.
Furthermore, quadrupole deformations are extracted for $^{186-196}$Pb and the
mixing between the different families (0p-0h, 2p-2h, and 4p-4h) is discussed in
detail. Finally, the experimental and the theoretical level systematics are
compared.


title:
Crystal structure and phase transitions across the metal-superconductor
  boundary in the SmFeAsO1-xFx (0 < x < 0.20) family

abstract:
  The fluorine-doped rare-earth iron oxyarsenides, REFeAsO1-xFx (RE =rare
earth) have recently emerged as a new family of high-temperature
superconductors with transition temperatures (Tc) as high as 55 K (refs 1-4).
Early work has provided compelling evidence that the undoped parent materials
exhibit spin-density-wave (SDW) antiferromagnetic order and undergo a
structural phase transition from tetragonal to orthorhombic crystal symmetry
upon cooling.5 Both the magnetic and structural instabilities are suppressed
upon doping with fluoride ions before the appearance of superconductivity.6,7
Here we use high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction to study the
structural properties of SmFeAsO1-xFx (0 < x < 0.20) in which superconductivity
emerges near x ~ 0.07 and Tc increases monotonically with doping up to x ~
0.20.8 We find that orthorhombic symmetry survives through the
metal-superconductor boundary well into the superconducting regime 2 and the
structural distortion is only suppressed at doping levels, x > 0.15 when the
superconducting phase becomes metrically tetragonal. Remarkably this crystal
symmetry crossover coincides with reported drastic anomalies in the resistivity
and the Hall coefficient8 and a switch of the pressure coefficient of Tc from
positive to negative,9 thereby implying that the low-temperature structure
plays a key role in defining the electronic properties of these
superconductors.


title:
A stabilized finite element formulation for advection-diffusion using
  the generalized finite element framework

abstract:
  The following work presents a generalized (extended) finite element
formulation for the advection-diffusion equation. Using enrichment functions
that represent the exponential nature of the exact solution, smooth numerical
solutions are obtained for problems with steep gradients and high Peclet
numbers (up to Pe = 25) in one and two-dimensions. As opposed to traditional
stabilized methods that require the construction of stability parameters and
stabilization terms, the present work avoids numerical instabilities by
improving the classical Galerkin solution with an enrichment function. To
contextualize this method among other stabilized methods, we show by
decomposition of the solution (in a multiscale manner) an equivalence to both
Galerkin/least-squares type methods and those that use bubble functions. This
work also presents a strategy for constructing the enrichment function for
problems with complex geometries by employing a global-local approach.


title:
A proposal for a reduced phase space for time symmetric, Lorentzian
  gravity

abstract:
  In this paper we perform a full gauge-fixing of the phase space of four
dimensional General Relativity (GR) of Lorentzian signature for the time
symmetric case, using the CDJ variables. In particular, the Gauss' law
constraint in the chosen gauge meets the conditions of the Cauchy-Kovalevskaya
theorem for first order, quasilinear PDEs. This implies the existence of a
unique analytic solution to the initial value constraints problem in some
region of 3-space, featuring four free functions per spacetime point. This
result constitutes a step toward addressal of the reduced phase space problem
of GR.


title: Crystallographic Etching of Few-Layer Graphene

abstract:
  We demonstrate a method by which few-layer graphene samples can be etched
along crystallographic axes by thermally activated metallic nanoparticles. The
technique results in long (>1 micron) crystallographic edges etched through to
the insulating substrate, making the process potentially useful for atomically
precise graphene device fabrication. This advance could enable atomically
precise construction of integrated circuits from single graphene sheets with a
wide range of technological applications.


title: Heavy Quarks Above the Top at the Tevatron

abstract:
  Recent developments in models with warped extra dimensions have opened new
possibilities for vector-like quark studies at hadron colliders. These new
vector-like quarks can mix sizably with light Standard Model quarks without
violating low energy constraints. We perform a model-independent analysis to
determine the Tevatron reach in the search for new quarks. We find that the
Tevatron has great potential to observe such quarks via their electroweak
single production due to their mixing with valence quarks. With 4 (8) fb-1
integrated luminosity, one may reach a 5\sigma statistical significance for a
heavy quark of mass 580 (630) GeV if the heavy quark-Standard Model quark
mixing parameter is order one.


title: Spin polarization control via magnetic barriers and spin-orbit effects

abstract:
  We investigate the spin-dependent transport properties of two-dimensional
electron gas (2DEG) systems formed in diluted magnetic semiconductors and in
the presence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction in the framework of the
scattering matrix approach. We focus on nanostructures consisting of realistic
magnetic barriers produced by the deposition of ferromagnetic strips on
heterostructures. We calculate spin-dependente conductance of such barrier
systems and show that the magnetization pattern of the strips, the tunable
spin-orbit coupling, and the enhanced Zeeman splitting have a strong effect on
the conductance of the structure. We describe how these effects can be employed
in the efficient control of spin polarization via the application of moderate
fields.


title: The Chandra Deep Field-South Survey: 2 Ms Source Catalogs

abstract:
  We present point-source catalogs for the ~2 Ms exposure of the Chandra Deep
Field-South (CDF-S); this is one of the two most-sensitive X-ray surveys ever
performed. The survey covers an area of ~436 arcmin^2 and reaches on-axis
sensitivity limits of ~1.9x10^{-17} and ~1.3x10^{-16} ergs/cm^2/s for the
0.5-2.0 and 2-8 keV bands, respectively. Four hundred and sixty-two X-ray point
sources are detected in at least one of three X-ray bands that were searched;
135 of these sources are new compared to the previous ~1 Ms CDF-S detections.
Source positions are determined using centroid and matched-filter techniques;
the median positional uncertainty is ~0.36". The X-ray-to-optical flux ratios
of the newly detected sources indicate a variety of source types; ~55% of them
appear to be active galactic nuclei while ~45% appear to be starburst and
normal galaxies. In addition to the main Chandra catalog, we provide a
supplementary catalog of 86 X-ray sources in the ~2 Ms CDF-S footprint that was
created by merging the ~250 ks Extended Chandra Deep Field-South with the
CDF-S; this approach provides additional sensitivity in the outer portions of
the CDF-S. A second supplementary catalog that contains 30 X-ray sources was
constructed by matching lower significance X-ray sources to bright optical
counterparts (R<23.8); the majority of these sources appear to be starburst and
normal galaxies. The total number of sources in the main and supplementary
catalogs is 578. R-band optical counterparts and basic optical and infrared
photometry are provided for the X-ray sources in the main and supplementary
catalogs. We also include existing spectroscopic redshifts for 224 of the X-ray
sources. (Abstract abridged)


title:
Simulations of Magnetorotational Turbulence with a Higher-Order Godunov
  Scheme

abstract:
  (abridged) We apply a second-order Godunov code, Athena, to studies of the
magnetorotational instability using unstratified shearing box simulations with
a uniform net vertical field and a sinusoidally varying zero net vertical
field. The Athena results agree well with similar studies that used different
numerical algorithms. We conduct analyses to study the flow of energy from
differential rotation to turbulent fluctuations to thermalization. A study of
the temporal correlation between the time derivatives of volume-averaged energy
components shows that energy injected into turbulent fluctuations dissipates on
a timescale of $\Omega^{-1}$, where $\Omega$ is the orbital frequency of the
local domain. Magnetic dissipation dominates over kinetic dissipation, although
not by as great a factor as the ratio of magnetic to kinetic energy. We
Fourier-transform the magnetic and kinetic energy evolution equations and,
using the assumption that the time-averaged energies are constant, determine
the level of numerical dissipation as a function of length scale and
resolution. By modeling numerical dissipation as if it were physical in origin,
we characterize numerical resistivity and viscosity in terms of effective
Reynolds and Prandtl numbers. The resulting effective magnetic Prandtl number
is $\sim 2$, independent of resolution or initial field geometry. MRI
simulations with effective Reynolds and Prandtl numbers determined by numerical
dissipation are not equivalent to those where these numbers are set by physical
resistivity and viscosity. These results serve, then, as a baseline for future
shearing box studies where dissipation is controlled by the inclusion of
explicit viscosity and resistivity.


title:
Quantum interference interpreted classically through application of
  Berry's phase

abstract:
  We show that quantum interference can be classically interpreted in terms of
a phase invariant quantity, not unlike the Berry's phase. Under this
interpretation, closed loops in time become fundamental quantum entities, and
all quantum states become periodic. Decoherence is then seen to occur naturally
as a consequence. This formalism, although counterintuitive, provides a useful
way of assigning ``classical'' meaning to quantum probabilities.


title: Bent-Double Radio Sources as Probes of Intergalactic Gas

abstract:
  As the most common environment in the universe, groups of galaxies are likely
to contain a significant fraction of the missing baryons in the form of
intergalactic gas. The density of this gas is an important factor in whether
ram pressure stripping and strangulation affect the evolution of galaxies in
these systems. We present a method for measuring the density of intergalactic
gas using bent-double radio sources that is independent of temperature, making
it complementary to current absorption line measurements. We use this method to
probe intergalactic gas in two different environments: inside a small group of
galaxies as well as outside of a larger group at a 2 Mpc radius and measure
total gas densities of $4 \pm 1_{-2}^{+6} \times 10^{-3}$ and $9 \pm
3_{-5}^{+10} \times 10^{-4}$ per cubic centimeter (random and systematic
errors) respectively. We use X-ray data to place an upper limit of $2 \times
10^6$ K on the temperature of the intragroup gas in the small group.


title: Short note on additive sequences and on recursive processes

abstract:
  Simple methods permit to generalize the concepts of iteration and of
recursive processes. We shall see briefly on several examples what these
methods generate. In additive sequences, we shall encounter not only the golden
or the silver ratio, but a dense set of ratio limits that corresponds to an
infinity of conceivable recursive additive rules. We shall show that some of
these limits have nice properties. Identities involving Fibonacci and Lucas
sequences will be viewed as special cases of more general identities. We shall
show that some properties of the Pascal Triangle belong also to other similar
objects. In Dynamical Systems and Chaos Theory we shall encounter weird orbits,
whose order is higher than the number of its distinct elements and, beyond the
chaos point, a rather unexpected belated convergence to 0, after a pseudo
chaotic behaviour during as many terms as one may wish. Time and again, we
shall find here the Feigenbaum constant. In Formal Grammars we shall see that
recursive rules applied to concatenation are sometimes equivalent to formal
grammars although generally more restrictive.


title: The Main Sequence of Star Clusters

abstract:
  A novel way of looking at the evolution of star clusters is presented. With a
dynamical temperature, given by the mean kinetic energy of the cluster stars,
and a dynamical luminosity, which is defined as the kinetic energy of the stars
leaving the cluster in analogy to the energy of photons emitted by a star, the
dissolution of star clusters is studied using a new dynamical
temperature-luminosity diagram for star clusters. The investigation contains a
parameter-space study of open clusters of up to N = 32768 single-mass stars
with different initial density distributions, half-mass radii, tidal conditions
and binary fractions. The clusters show a strong correlation between dynamical
temperature and dynamical luminosity and most of the investigated cluster
families share a common sequence in such a dynamical temperature-luminosity
diagram. Deviations from this sequence are analyzed and discussed. After core
collapse, the position of a cluster within this diagram can be defined by three
parameters: the mass, the tidal conditions and the binary fraction. Due to core
collapse all initial conditions are lost and the remaining stars adjust to the
given tidal conditions. Binaries as internal energy sources influence this
adjustment. A further finding concerns the Lagrange radii of star clusters:
Throughout the investigated parameter space nearly all clusters show a constant
half-mass radius for the time after core collapse until dissolution.
Furthermore, the ratio of half-mass radius to tidal radius evolves onto a
common sequence which only depends on the mass left in the cluster.


title: Dissipation and the Fundamental Plane: Observational Tests

abstract:
  We develop observational tests of the idea that dissipation in gas-rich
mergers produces the fundamental plane (FP) and related correlations obeyed by
ellipticals. The FP 'tilt' implies lower-mass ellipticals have a higher ratio
of stellar to dark matter within their stellar effective radii. Models argue
that mergers between more gas-rich (typically lower-mass) disks yield larger
mass fractions formed in compact starbursts, giving a smaller stellar R_e and
higher M_stellar/M_tot within that R_e. Such starbursts leave a characteristic
imprint in the surface brightness profile: a central excess above an outer
profile established by the dissipationless violent relaxation of disk stars. In
previous work, we developed empirical methods to decompose the observed
profiles of ellipticals and robustly estimate the amount of dissipation in the
original spheroid-forming merger(s). Applying this to a large sample of
observed ellipticals, we test whether or not their location on the FP and its
tilt are driven by dissipation. At fixed mass, ellipticals formed in more
dissipational events are smaller and have higher M_stellar/M_tot. At fixed
degree of dissipation, there is no tilt in the FP. We show that the dynamical
mass estimator R_e*sigma^2/G is a good estimator of the true mass: the observed
FP tilt cannot primarily owe to other forms of non-homology. Removing the
effects of dissipation, observed ellipticals obey the same FP correlations as
disks: unusual progenitors are not required to make typical ellipticals.
Dissipation appears to be both necessary and sufficient to explain the FP tilt.


title:
Migration and growth of giant planets in self-gravitating disks with
  varied thermodynamics

abstract:
  We report on the results of novel global high-resolution three-dimensional
simulations of disk-planet interaction which incorporate simultaneously
realistic radiation physics and the self-gravity of the gas, as well as
allowing the planet to move. We find that thermodynamics and radiative physics
have a remarkable effect on both migration and accretion of Jupiter mass
planets. In simulations with radiative transfer adopting flux-limited
diffusion, inward migration can be decreased by about 30% relative to the
isothermal case, while in adiabatic runs migration nearly shuts off after a few
tens of orbits. Migration varies because the relative strength of the inner and
outer spiral perturbations is affected by thermodynamics, thus changing the net
torque acting on the planet. Mass accretion rates on the planet can be reduced
by more than an order of magnitude going from isothermal to radiative transfer
and adiabatic simulations. A circumplanetary disk always forms except in
adiabatic runs. With radiative transfer the disk is sub-keplerian (Vrot/Vkep ~
0.7) owing to significant pressure support. We discuss the effect of
circumplanetary disk structure on the drift of embedded dust grains and
planetesimals and thus on the formation of the rocky satellites of giant
planets.


title: Black Hole Entropy and Gravity Cutoff

abstract:
  We study the black hole entropy as entanglement entropy and propose a
resolution to the species puzzle. This resolution comes out naturally due to
the fact that in the presence of $N$ species the universal gravitational cutoff
is $\Lambda=M_{\rm Planck}/\sqrt{N}$, as opposed to $M_{\rm Planck}$. We
demonstrate consistency of our solution by showing the equality of the two
entropies in explicit examples in which the relation between $M_{\rm Planck}$
and $\Lambda$ is known from the fundamental theory.


title:
The neutron negative central charge density: an inclusive-exclusive
  connection

abstract:
  Models of generalized parton distributions at zero skewness are used to
relate the behavior of deep inelastic scattering quark distributions, evaluated
at high x, to the transverse charge density evaluated at small distances. We
obtain an interpretation of the recently obtained negative central charge
density of the neutron. The d quarks dominate the neutron structure function
for large values of Bjorken x, where the large momentum of the struck quark has
a significant impact on determining the center of momentum, and thus the
``center'' of the nucleon in the transverse position plane.


title: Information In The Non-Stationary Case

abstract:
  Information estimates such as the ``direct method'' of Strong et al. (1998)
sidestep the difficult problem of estimating the joint distribution of response
and stimulus by instead estimating the difference between the marginal and
conditional entropies of the response. While this is an effective estimation
strategy, it tempts the practitioner to ignore the role of the stimulus and the
meaning of mutual information. We show here that, as the number of trials
increases indefinitely, the direct (or ``plug-in'') estimate of marginal
entropy converges (with probability 1) to the entropy of the time-averaged
conditional distribution of the response, and the direct estimate of the
conditional entropy converges to the time-averaged entropy of the conditional
distribution of the response. Under joint stationarity and ergodicity of the
response and stimulus, the difference of these quantities converges to the
mutual information. When the stimulus is deterministic or non-stationary the
direct estimate of information no longer estimates mutual information, which is
no longer meaningful, but it remains a measure of variability of the response
distribution across time.


title: The NStED Exoplanet Transit Survey Service

abstract:
  The NASA Star and Exoplanet Database (NStED) is a general purpose stellar
archive with the aim of providing support for NASA's planet finding and
characterization goals, stellar astrophysics, and the planning of NASA and
other space missions. There are two principal components of NStED: a database
of (currently) 140,000 nearby stars and exoplanet-hosting stars, and an archive
dedicated to high-precision photometric surveys for transiting exoplanets. We
present a summary of the latter component: the NStED Exoplanet Transit Survey
Service (NStED-ETSS), along with its content, functionality, tools, and user
interface. NStED-ETSS currently serves data from the TrES Survey of the Kepler
Field as well as dedicated photometric surveys of four stellar clusters.
<CA>NStED-ETSS aims to serve both the surveys and the broader astronomical
community by archiving these data and making them available in a homogeneous
format. Examples of usability of ETSS include investigation of any
time-variable phenomena in data sets not studied by the original survey team,
application of different techniques or algorithms for planet transit
detections, combination of data from different surveys for given objects,
statistical studies, etc. NStED-ETSS can be accessed at
\tt{http://nsted.ipac.caltech.edu}


title: Multi-Scale, Multi-Resolution Brain Cancer Modeling

abstract:
  In advancing discrete-based computational cancer models towards clinical
applications, one faces the dilemma of how to deal with an ever growing amount
of biomedical data that ought to be incorporated eventually in one form or
another. Model scalability becomes of paramount interest. In an effort to start
addressing this critical issue, here, we present a novel multi-scale and
multi-resolution agent-based in silico glioma model. While "multi-scale" refers
to employing an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-driven molecular
network to process cellular phenotypic decisions within the micro-macroscopic
environment, "multi-resolution" is achieved through algorithms that classify
cells to either active or inactive spatial clusters, which determine the
resolution they are simulated at. The aim is to assign computational resources
where and when they matter most for maintaining or improving the predictive
power of the algorithm, onto specific tumor areas and at particular times.
Using a previously described 2D brain tumor model, we have developed four
different computational methods for achieving the multi-resolution scheme,
three of which are designed to dynamically train on the high-resolution
simulation that serves as control. To quantify the algorithms' performance, we
rank them by weighing the distinct computational time savings of the simulation
runs versus the methods' ability to accurately reproduce the high-resolution
results of the control. Finally, to demonstrate the flexibility of the
underlying concept, we show the added value of combining the two highest-ranked
methods.


title:
Connecting Cluster Substructure in Galaxy Cluster Cores at z=0.2 With
  Cluster Assembly Histories

abstract:
  We use semi-analytic models of structure formation to interpret gravitational
lensing measurements of substructure in galaxy cluster cores (R<=250kpc/h) at
z=0.2. The dynamic range of the lensing-based substructure fraction
measurements is well matched to the theoretical predictions, both spanning
f_sub~0.05-0.65. The structure formation model predicts that f_sub is
correlated with cluster assembly history. We use simple fitting formulae to
parameterize the predicted correlations: Delta_90 = tau_90 + alpha_90 *
log(f_sub) and Delta_50 = tau_50 + alpha_50 * log(f_sub), where Delta_90 and
Delta_50 are the predicted lookback times from z=0.2 to when each theoretical
cluster had acquired 90% and 50% respectively of the mass it had at z=0.2. The
best-fit parameter values are: alpha_90 = (-1.34+/-0.79)Gyr, tau_90 =
(0.31+/-0.56)Gyr and alpha_50 = (-2.77+/-1.66)Gyr, tau_50 = (0.99+/-1.18)Gyr.
Therefore (i) observed clusters with f_sub<~0.1 (e.g. A383, A1835) are
interpreted, on average, to have formed at z>~0.8 and to have suffered <=10%
mass growth since z~0.4, (ii) observed clusters with f_sub>~0.4 (e.g. A68,
A773) are interpreted as, on average, forming since z~0.4 and suffering >10%
mass growth in the ~500Myr preceding z=0.2, i.e. since z=0.25. In summary,
observational measurements of f_sub can be combined with structure formation
models to estimate the age and assembly history of observed clusters. The
ability to ``age-date'' approximately clusters in this way has numerous
applications to the large clusters samples that are becoming available.


title: Quantum Multi Prover Interactive Proofs with Communicating Provers

abstract:
  Multi Prover Interactive Proof systems (MIPs)were first presented in a
cryptographic context, but ever since they were used in various fields.
Understanding the power of MIPs in the quantum context raises many open
problems, as there are several interesting models to consider. For example, one
can study the question when the provers share entanglement or not, and the
communication between the verifier and the provers is quantum or classical.
While there are several partial results on the subject, so far no one presented
an efficient scheme for recognizing NEXP (or NP with logarithmic
communication), except for [KM03], in the case there is no entanglement (and of
course no communication between the provers). We introduce another variant of
Quantum MIP, where the provers do not share entanglement, the communication
between the verifier and the provers is quantum, but the provers are unlimited
in the classical communication between them. At first, this model may seem very
weak, as provers who exchange information seem to be equivalent in power to a
simple prover. This in fact is not the case - we show that any language in NEXP
can be recognized in this model efficiently, with just two provers and two
rounds of communication, with a constant completeness-soundness gap.


title: Localization of algebras over coloured operads

abstract:
  We give sufficient conditions for homotopical localization functors to
preserve algebras over coloured operads in monoidal model categories. Our
approach encompasses a number of previous results about preservation of
structures under localizations, such as loop spaces or infinite loop spaces,
and provides new results of the same kind. For instance, under suitable
assumptions, homotopical localizations preserve ring spectra (in the strict
sense, not only up to homotopy), modules over ring spectra, and algebras over
commutative ring spectra, as well as ring maps, module maps, and algebra maps.
It is principally the treatment of module spectra and their maps that led us to
the use of coloured operads (also called enriched multicategories) in this
context.


title: Conjectured Strong Complementary Information Tradeoff

abstract:
  We conjecture a new entropic uncertainty principle governing the entropy of
complementary observations made on a system given side information in the form
of quantum states, generalizing the entropic uncertainty relation of Maassen
and Uffink [Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1103 (1988)]. We prove a special case for
certain conjugate observables by adapting a similar result found by Christandl
and Winter pertaining to quantum channels [IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 51, 3159
(2005)], and discuss possible applications of this result to the decoupling of
quantum systems and for security analysis in quantum cryptography.


title: QED Radiative Corrections to Deep Inelastic Scattering at HERA

abstract:
  The numerical study of QED radiative corrections in the low x region for the
H1 experiment at HERA was performed. The analytical program TERAD91 was used to
obtain the values of the radiative correction factor for the first measurement
of the proton structure function F2(x,Q2) in the range x= 10^{-2} - 10^{-4} and
5 < Q2 < 80 GeV2.


title: Radio Detection of Radio-Quiet Galaxies

abstract:
  We investigate the radio emission of ~185,000 quiescent (optically
unclassifiable) galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). By
median-stacking FIRST cutouts centered on the optically-selected sources, we
are able to reach flux densities down to the 10s of microJy. The quiescent
galaxy sample is composed of two subgroups inhabiting vastly different regimes:
those targeted for the SDSS MAIN Galaxy Sample (~55%), and those targeted for
the Luminous Red Galaxy (LRG) sample (~45%). To investigate the star-formation
rates (SFRs) of these quiescent galaxies, we calibrate a radio-SFR conversion
using a third sample of star-forming galaxies. Comparing this SFR-indicator
with indicators in the optical and UV, we derive conflicting SFR estimates for
the MAIN sample quiescent galaxies. These radio-derived SFRs intersect those
calculated using the 4000-Angstrom break (D4000) around an SFR of 1 Msun/yr and
agree to within a factor of 3 over the range of SFRs. However, we find that the
radio-derived SFRs are too high relative to the SFRs estimated for similar
populations of galaxies using analysis of UV emission, implying either
contamination of the radio by Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) or incomplete dust
modeling. If AGN activity is dominant in these galaxies, then a relation
between AGN radio luminosity and galaxy mass is required to explain the
observed trends. For the LRGs, on the other hand, we find the radio luminosity
to be independent of SFR as derived from D4000, indicating an AGN component
dominates their radio emission. AGN-based radio emission often implies the
existence of radio jets, providing evidence of a mechanism for low-level
feedback in these quiescent LRGs. (Abridged)


title:
Multi-Lepton Production at High Transverse Momenta in ep Collisions at
  HERA

abstract:
  Processes leading to a final state with at least two high transverse momentum
leptons (electrons or muons) are studied using the full ep data sample
collected by the H1 experiment at HERA. The data correspond to an integrated
luminosity of 463 pb-1. Di-lepton and tri-lepton event classes are
investigated. Cross sections of the production of e+e- and mu+mu- pairs are
derived in a restricted phase space dominated by photon-photon collisions. In
general, good agreement is found with Standard Model predictions. Events are
observed with a total scalar sum of lepton transverse momenta above 100 GeV
where the Standard Model expectation is low. In this region, combining
di-lepton and tri-lepton classes, five events are observed in e+p collisions,
compared to a Standard Model expectation of 0.96+-0.12, while no such event is
observed in e-p data for 0.64+-0.09 expected.


title: A trio of new Local Group galaxies with extreme properties

abstract:
  We report on the discovery of three new dwarf galaxies in the Local Group.
These galaxies are found in new CFHT/MegaPrime g,i imaging of the south-western
quadrant of M31, extending our extant survey area to include the majority of
the southern hemisphere of M31's halo out to 150 kpc. All these galaxies have
stellar populations which appear typical of dwarf spheroidal (dSph) systems.
The first of these galaxies, Andromeda XVIII, is the most distant Local Group
dwarf discovered in recent years, at ~1.4 Mpc from the Milky Way (~ 600 kpc
from M31). The second galaxy, Andromeda XIX, a satellite of M31, is the most
extended dwarf galaxy known in the Local Group, with a half-light radius of r_h
~ 1.7 kpc. This is approximately an order of magnitude larger than the typical
half-light radius of many Milky Way dSphs, and reinforces the difference in
scale sizes seen between the Milky Way and M31 dSphs (such that the M31 dwarfs
are generally more extended than their Milky Way counterparts). The third
galaxy, Andromeda XX, is one of the faintest galaxies so far discovered in the
vicinity of M31, with an absolute magnitude of order M_V ~ -6.3. Andromeda
XVIII, XIX and XX highlight different aspects of, and raise important questions
regarding, the formation and evolution of galaxies at the extreme faint-end of
the luminosity function. These findings indicate that we have not yet sampled
the full parameter space occupied by dwarf galaxies, although this is an
essential pre-requisite for successfully and consistently linking these systems
to the predicted cosmological dark matter sub-structure.


title: DAMA and WIMP dark matter

abstract:
  We study whether spin-independent scattering of weakly-interacting massive
particles (WIMPs) with nuclei can account for the annual modulation signal
reported by DAMA. We consider both elastic and inelastic scattering processes.
We find that there is a region of WIMP parameter space which can simultaneously
accommodate DAMA and the null results of CDMS, CRESST, and XENON. This region
corresponds to an ordinary, elastically-scattering WIMP with a standard
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, a mass 3 GeV < m_{DM} <8 GeV, and a
spin-independent cross section with nucleons 3 \times 10^{-41} cm^2 <
\sigma_p^{SI} < 5 \times 10^{-39} cm^2. This new region of parameter space
depends crucially on the recently discovered effect of channeling on the energy
threshold for WIMP detection in the DAMA experiment; without the inclusion of
this effect, the DAMA allowed region is essentially closed by null experiments.
Such low-mass WIMPs arise in many theories of Beyond the Standard Model
physics, from minimal extensions of the MSSM to solutions of the baryon-dark
matter coincidence problem. We find that inelastic scattering channels do not
open up a significant parameter region consistent with all experimental
results. Future experiments with low energy thresholds for detecting nuclear
recoils, such as CDMSII-Si and those utilizing ultra-low energy germanium
detectors, will be able to probe the DAMA region of parameter space.


title: On localization in Kronecker's diophantine theorem

abstract:
  We study the localization problem appearing in Kronecker's diophantine
theorem.
  We introduce a probabilistic approach allowing to extend for general
$\Q$-linearly independent sequences a result of T\'uran concerning the sequence
$ (\log p_\ell)$, $p_\ell$ being the $\ell$-th prime.


title:
Low-energy resonances and bound states of aligned bosonic and fermionic
  dipoles

abstract:
  The low-energy scattering properties of two aligned identical bosonic and
identical fermionic dipoles are analyzed. Generalized scattering lengths are
determined as functions of the dipole moment and the scattering energy. Near
resonance, where a new bound state is being pulled in, all non-vanishing
generalized scattering lengths diverge, with the $a_{00}$ and $a_{11}$
scattering lengths being dominant for identical bosons and identical fermions,
respectively, near both broad and narrow resonances. Implications for the
energy spectrum and the eigenfunctions of trapped two-dipole systems and for
pseudo-potential treatments are discussed.


title:
Positive commutators, Fermi golden rule and the spectrum of zero
  temperature Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonians

abstract:
  We perform the spectral analysis of a zero temperature Pauli-Fierz system for
small coupling constants. Under the hypothesis of Fermi golden rule, we show
that the embedded eigenvalues of the uncoupled system disappear and establish a
limiting absorption principle above this level of energy. We rely on a positive
commutator approach introduced by Skibsted and pursued by
Georgescu-Gerard-Moller. We complete some results obtained so far by
Derezinski-Jaksic on one side and by Bach-Froehlich-Segal-Soffer on the other
side.


title:
Observation of lasing without inversion in a hot rubidium vapor under
  electromagnetically-induced transparency conditions

abstract:
  We have observed CW lasing without inversion in a gas of hot rubidium atoms
in an optical cavity under conditions of electromagnetically-induced
transparency (EIT). The medium is pumped coherently and resonantly by a single
``coupling'' beam which also produces EIT in the lasing transition. The
steady-state intensity exhibits thresholds as a function of the atomic density
and the strength of the coupling beam. A theoretical model for an effective
three-level lambda system indicates that gain without inversion is possible in
this system if the two ground states are coupled by depolarizing collisions,
and if the decay branching ratios meet certain conditions.


title: Measurements from KTeV of Rare Decays of the K_L and pi^0

abstract:
  The KTeV collaboration at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory has recently
completed searches for and measurements of several decay modes of the neutral
kaon and pion. These include new searches for lepton flavor violating decays
(which have not been seen), and a new study of the parity properties of the
decay pi^0 -> e^+e^-e^+e^-.


title: New method to evaluate divergent series via the Wigner function

abstract:
  It is shown how a physical function, namely the Wigner function, that in
principle may be measured, can be used to evaluate divergent series.