title:
In-situ studies of bulk deformation structures: Static properties under
  load and Dynamics during deformation

abstract:
  (Abridged, full abstract available in the text)
  The main goal of the study presented in this thesis was to perform in-situ
investigations on deformation structures in plastically deformed
polycrystalline copper at low degrees (<5%) of tensile deformation. Copper is
taken as a model system for pure fcc metals.
  A novel synchrotron-radiation based technique has been developed. The
technique allows for in-situ 3D reciprocal space mapping of reflections from
deeply-embedded individual grains in polycrystalline samples during tensile
deformation. We have shown that the resulting 3D maps from copper, consists of
bright sharp peaks superimposed on a cloud of enhanced intensity. It is
concluded that the individual peaks arise from the individual dislocation-free
regions (the subgrains) in the dislocation structure.
  Based on data taken under static load, the strain distribution in and between
the individual subgrains is analyzed and compared to composite type models. The
consequences of stress relaxation and unloading is moreover discussed. The
dynamics of the dislocation structure are investigated by continuous and
stepwise deformation experiments. On the basis of such data the unset of
subgrain formation and the subgrain refinement process is analyzed.


title:
Background reduction and sensitivity for germanium double beta decay
  experiments

abstract:
  Germanium detectors have very good capabilities for the investigation of rare
phenomena like the neutrinoless double beta decay. Rejection of the background
entangling the expected signal is one primary goal in this kind of experiments.
Here, the attainable background reduction in the energy region where the
neutrinoless double beta decay signal of 76Ge is expected to appear has been
evaluated for experiments using germanium detectors, taking into consideration
different strategies like the granularity of the detector system, the
segmentation of each individual germanium detector and the application of Pulse
Shape Analysis techniques to discriminate signal from background events.
Detection efficiency to the signal is affected by background rejection
techniques, and therefore it has been estimated for each of the background
rejection scenarios considered. Finally, conditions regarding crystal mass,
radiopurity, exposure to cosmic rays, shielding and rejection capabilities are
discussed with the aim to achieve a background level of 10-3 c keV-1 kg-1 y-1
in the region of interest, which would allow to explore neutrino effective
masses around 40 meV.


title: Semiclassical Evolution of Dissipative Markovian Systems

abstract:
  A semiclassical approximation for an evolving density operator, driven by a
"closed" hamiltonian operator and "open" markovian Lindblad operators, is
obtained. The theory is based on the chord function, i.e. the Fourier transform
of the Wigner function. It reduces to an exact solution of the Lindblad master
equation if the hamiltonian operator is a quadratic function and the Lindblad
operators are linear functions of positions and momenta.
  Initially, the semiclassical formulae for the case of hermitian Lindblad
operators are reinterpreted in terms of a (real) double phase space, generated
by an appropriate classical double Hamiltonian. An extra "open" term is added
to the double Hamiltonian by the non-hermitian part of the Lindblad operators
in the general case of dissipative markovian evolution. The particular case of
generic hamiltonian operators, but linear dissipative Lindblad operators, is
studied in more detail. A Liouville-type equivariance still holds for the
corresponding classical evolution in double phase, but the centre subspace,
which supports the Wigner function, is compressed, along with expansion of its
conjugate subspace, which supports the chord function.
  Decoherence narrows the relevant region of double phase space to the
neighborhood of a caustic for both the Wigner function and the chord function.
This difficulty is avoided by a propagator in a mixed representation, so that a
further "small-chord" approximation leads to a simple generalization of the
quadratic theory for evolving Wigner functions.


title: Time-delay in a multi-channel formalism

abstract:
  We reexamine the time-delay formalism of Wigner, Eisenbud and Smith, which
was developed to analyze both elastic and inelastic resonances. An error in the
paper of Smith has propagated through the literature. We correct this error and
show how the results of Eisenbud and Smith are related. We also comment on some
recent time-delay studies, based on Smith's erroneous interpretation of the
Eisenbud result.


title: Extreme values of zeta and L-functions

abstract:
  We introduce a "resonance" method to produce large values of
$|\zeta(1/2+it)|$ and large and small central values of $L$-functions.


title: On ground fields of arithmetic hyperbolic reflection groups

abstract:
  Using authors's methods of 1980, 1981, some explicit finite sets of number
fields containing ground fields of arithmetic hyperbolic reflection groups are
defined, and good bounds of their degrees (over Q) are obtained. For example,
degree of the ground field of any arithmetic hyperbolic reflection group in
dimension at least 6 is bounded by 56. These results could be important for
further classification.
  We also formulate a mirror symmetric conjecture to finiteness of the number
of arithmetic hyperbolic reflection groups which was established in full
generality recently.


title: The group of automorphisms of a real rational surface is n-transitive

abstract:
  Let X be a rational nonsingular compact connected real algebraic surface.
Denote by Aut(X) the group of real algebraic automorphisms of X. We show that
the group Aut(X) acts n-transitively on X, for all natural integers n. As an
application we give a new and simpler proof of the fact that two rational
nonsingular compact connected real algebraic surfaces are isomorphic if and
only if they are homeomorphic as topological surfaces.


title: Propagators in the continuum limit: from molecules to scalar fields

abstract:
  The propagator of linear molecules whose constituents interact through
oscillator potentials can be obtained in a closed form for $N$ atoms as long as
$N \leq 4$. We compute the propagator for arbitrary $N$ in the approximation $N
\gg 1$. Taking advantage of this result it is possible to analyze the limit in
which the molecule has an infinite number of constituents with infinitesimal
length of sepparation, corresponding to the quantization of a string, elastic
rod or the second quantization of a Klein Gordon particle. The evolution of
some specific initial conditions is also studied, namely the time development
of states with minimal dispersion and the effect of sudden perturbations on the
vacuum of the scalar field theory.


title: BFKL at NNLO

abstract:
  We present a recent determination of an approximate expression for the
O(alpha_s^3) contribution chi_2 to the kernel of the BFKL equation. This
includes all collinear and anticollinear singular contributions and is derived
using duality relations between the GLAP and BFKL kernels.


title:
Thermodynamic properties of binary HCP solution phases from special
  quasirandom structures

abstract:
  Three different special quasirandom structures (SQS) of the substitutional
hcp $A_{1-x}B_x$ binary random solutions ($x=0.25$, 0.5, and 0.75) are
presented. These structures are able to mimic the most important pair and
multi-site correlation functions corresponding to perfectly random hcp
solutions at those compositions. Due to the relatively small size of the
generated structures, they can be used to calculate the properties of random
hcp alloys via first-principles methods. The structures are relaxed in order to
find their lowest energy configurations at each composition. In some cases, it
was found that full relaxation resulted in complete loss of their parental
symmetry as hcp so geometry optimizations in which no local relaxations are
allowed were also performed. In general, the first-principles results for the
seven binary systems (Cd-Mg, Mg-Zr, Al-Mg, Mo-Ru, Hf-Ti, Hf-Zr, and Ti-Zr) show
good agreement with both formation enthalpy and lattice parameters measurements
from experiments. It is concluded that the SQS's presented in this work can be
widely used to study the behavior of random hcp solutions.


title: Models of crustal heating in accreting neutron stars

abstract:
  Heating associated with non-equilibrium nuclear reactions in accreting
neutron-star crusts is reconsidered, taking into account suppression of
neutrino losses demonstrated recently by Gupta et al. Two initial compositions
of the nuclear burning ashes, A=56 and A=106, are considered. Dependence of the
integrated crustal heating on uncertainties plaguing pycnonuclear reaction
models is studied.
  One-component plasma approximation is used, with compressible liquid-drop
model of Mackie and Baym to describe nuclei. Evolution of a crust shell is
followed from 10^8 g/cm^3 to 10^(13.6) g/cm^3
  The integrated heating in the outer crust agrees nicely with results of
self-considtent multicomponent plasma simulations of Gupta et al.; their
results fall between our curves obtained for A=56 and A=106. Total crustal heat
per one accreted nucleon ranges between 1.5 MeV to 1.9 MeV for A=106 and A=56,
respectively. The value of total crustal heat per nucleon depends weakly on the
presence of pycnonuclear reactions at densities 10^(12)-10^(13) g/cm^3.
Remarkable insensitivity of the total crustal heat on the details of the
distribution of nuclear processes in accreted crust is explained.


title: The Charged Z(4433): Towards a New Spectroscopy

abstract:
  We identify the newly found Z(4433) with the first radial excitation of the
tetraquark basic supermultiplet to which X(3872) and X(3876) belong.
Experimental predictions following from this hypothesis are spelled out.


title:
High-pressure infrared spectroscopy: tuning of the low-energy
  excitations in correlated electron systems

abstract:
  We have extended the range of the high-pressure optical spectroscopy to the
far-infrared region keeping the accuracy of ambient-pressure experiments. The
newly-developed method offers a powerful tool for the study of pressure-induced
phase transitions and electronic-structural changes in correlated electron
systems. The novel-type optical pressure cell, equipped with large
free-aperture diamond window, allows the measurement of optical reflectivity
down to $\omega\approx20-30$ cm$^{-1}$ for hydrostatic pressures up to
$p\approx26$ kbar. The efficiency of the technique is demonstrated by the
investigation of the 2-dimensional charge-density-wave 1$T$-TaS$_2$ whose
electronic structure shows high sensitivity to external pressure. The
room-temperature semi-metallic phase of 1$T$-TaS$_2$ is effectively extended by
application of pressure and stabilized as the ground state above $p=14$ kbar.
The corresponding fully incoherent low-energy optical conductivity is almost
temperature independent below T=300 K. For intermediate pressures, the onset of
the low-temperature insulating phase is reflected by the sudden drop of the
reflectivity and by the emergence of sharp phonon resonances.


title: Spin Diagrams for Equal-Mass Black-Hole Binaries with Aligned Spins

abstract:
  Binary black-hole systems with spins aligned with the orbital angular
momentum are of special interest as they may be the preferred end-state of the
inspiral of generic supermassive binary black-hole systems. In view of this, we
have computed the inspiral and merger of a large set of binary systems of
equal-mass black holes with spins aligned with the orbital angular momentum but
otherwise arbitrary. By least-square fitting the results of these simulations
we have constructed two "spin diagrams" which provide straightforward
information about the recoil velocity |v_kick| and the final black-hole spin
a_fin in terms of the dimensionless spins a_1 and a_2 of the two initial black
holes. Overall they suggest a maximum recoil velocity of |v_kick|=441.94 km/s,
and minimum and maximum final spins a_fin=0.3471 and a_fin=0.9591,
respectively.


title: Coherent Schwinger Interaction from Darboux Transformation

abstract:
  The exactly solvable scalar-tensor potential of the four-component Dirac
equation has been obtained by the Darboux transformation method. The
constructed potential has been interpreted in terms of nucleon-nucleon and
Schwinger interactions of neutral particles with lattice sites during their
channeling Hamiltonians of a Schwinger type is obtained by means of the Darboux
transformation chain. The analitic structure of the Lyapunov function of
periodic continuation for each of the Hamiltonians of the family is considered.


title:
Critical points of inner functions, nonlinear partial differential
  equations, and an extension of Liouville's theorem

abstract:
  We establish an extension of Liouville's classical representation theorem for
solutions of the partial differential equation $\Delta u=4 e^{2u}$ and combine
this result with methods from nonlinear elliptic PDE to construct holomorphic
maps with prescribed critical points and specified boundary behaviour. For
instance, we show that for every Blaschke sequence $\{z_j\}$ in the unit disk
there is always a Blaschke product with $\{z_j\}$ as its set of critical
points. Our work is closely related to the Berger-Nirenberg problem in
differential geometry.


title:
Evidence for evolution from pure states to mixed states in pion creation
  process pi(-) p -> pi(-)pi(+) n on polarized target and its physical
  interpretation

abstract:
  In 1982 Hawking suggested that quantum fluctuations of space-time metric will
induce a non-unitary evolution from pure initial states to mixed final states
in particle interactions at any energy. This hypothesis can be tested using
existing CERN data on pi(-) p -> pi(-)pi(+) n on polarized target at 17.2
GeV/c. The purity of the final state is controlled by the purity of recoil
nucleon polarization. We develop a spin formalism to calculate expressions for
recoil nucleon polarization for two specific pure initial states. Imposing
conditions of purity on the recoil nuclon polarization we obtain conditions on
the amplitudes which are violated by model independent amplitude analysis of
CERN data at large t. We conclude that pure states can evolve into mixed states
in pi(-) p -> pi(-)pi(+) n. In quantum theory such non-unitary evolution occurs
in open quantum systems interacting with an environment. We present evidence to
validate the view of the pion creation process as an open quantum system
interacting with a quantum environment. The observed process is
time-irreversible and violates CPT symmetry.


title: Mixed Higgsino Dark Matter from a Large SU(2) Gaugino Mass

abstract:
  We observe that in SUSY models with non-universal GUT scale gaugino mass
parameters, raising the GUT scale SU(2) gaugino mass |M_2| from its unified
value results in a smaller value of -m_{H_u}^2 at the weak scale. By the
electroweak symmetry breaking conditions, this implies a reduced value of \mu^2
{\it vis \`a vis} models with gaugino mass unification. The lightest neutralino
can then be mixed Higgsino dark matter with a relic density in agreement with
the measured abundance of cold dark matter (DM). We explore the phenomenology
of this high |M_2| DM model. The spectrum is characterized by a very large wino
mass and a concomitantly large splitting between left- and right- sfermion
masses. In addition, the lighter chargino and three light neutralinos are
relatively light with substantial higgsino components. The higgsino content of
the LSP implies large rates for direct detection of neutralino dark matter, and
enhanced rates for its indirect detection relative to mSUGRA. We find that
experiments at the LHC should be able to discover SUSY over the portion of
parameter space where m_{\tg} \alt 2350-2750 ~GeV, depending on the squark
mass, while a 1 TeV electron-positron collider has a reach comparable to that
of the LHC. The dilepton mass spectrum in multi-jet + \ell^+\ell^- + \eslt
events at the LHC will likely show more than one mass edge, while its shape
should provide indirect evidence for the large higgsino content of the decaying
neutralinos.


title:
Energy of bond defects in quantum spin chains obtained from local
  approximations and from exact diagonalization

abstract:
  We study the influence of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic bond defects on
the ground-state energy of antiferromagnetic spin chains. In the absence of
translational invariance, the energy spectrum of the full Hamiltonian is
obtained numerically, by an iterative modification of the power algorithm. In
parallel, approximate analytical energies are obtained from a local-bond
approximation, proposed here. This approximation results in significant
improvement upon the mean-field approximation, at negligible extra
computational effort.


title: Metastable Kinks in the Orbifold

abstract:
  We consider static configurations of bulk scalar fields in extra dimensional
models in which the fifth dimension is an $S^1/Z_2$ orbifold. There may exist a
finite number of such configurations, with total number depending on the size
of the orbifold interval. We perform a detailed Sturm-Liouville stability
analysis that demonstrates that all but the lowest-lying configurations - those
with no nodes in the interval - are unstable. We also present a powerful
general criterion with which to determine which of these nodeless solutions are
stable. The detailed analysis underlying the results presented in this letter,
and applications to specific models, are presented in a comprehensive companion
paper.


title: The Drinfel'd Double and Twisting in Stringy Orbifold Theory

abstract:
  This paper exposes the fundamental role that the Drinfel'd double $\dkg$ of
the group ring of a finite group $G$ and its twists $\dbkg$, $\beta \in
Z^3(G,\uk)$ as defined by Dijkgraaf--Pasquier--Roche play in stringy orbifold
theories and their twistings.
  The results pertain to three different aspects of the theory. First, we show
that $G$--Frobenius algebras arising in global orbifold cohomology or K-theory
are most naturally defined as elements in the braided category of
$\dkg$--modules. Secondly, we obtain a geometric realization of the Drinfel'd
double as the global orbifold $K$--theory of global quotient given by the
inertia variety of a point with a $G$ action on the one hand and more
stunningly a geometric realization of its representation ring in the braided
category sense as the full $K$--theory of the stack $[pt/G]$. Finally, we show
how one can use the co-cycles $\beta$ above to twist a) the global orbifold
$K$--theory of the inertia of a global quotient and more importantly b) the
stacky $K$--theory of a global quotient $[X/G]$. This corresponds to twistings
with a special type of 2--gerbe.


title: A critical constant for the k nearest neighbour model

abstract:
  Let P be a Poisson process of intensity one in a square S_n of area n. For a
fixed integer k, join every point of P to its k nearest neighbours, creating an
undirected random geometric graph G_{n,k}. We prove that there exists a
critical constant c such that for c'<c, G_{n,c'log n} is disconnected with
probability tending to 1 as n tends to infinity, and for c'>c G_{n,c'\log n} is
connected with probability tending to 1 as n tends to infinity. This answers a
question previously posed by the authors.


title:
Existence and Stability of Non-Trivial Scalar Field Configurations in
  Orbifolded Extra Dimensions

abstract:
  We consider the existence and stability of static configurations of a scalar
field in a five dimensional spacetime in which the extra spatial dimension is
compactified on an $S^1/Z_2$ orbifold. For a wide class of potentials with
multiple minima there exist a finite number of such configurations, with total
number depending on the size of the orbifold interval. However, a
Sturm-Liouville stability analysis demonstrates that all such configurations
with nodes in the interval are unstable. Nodeless static solutions, of which
there may be more than one for a given potential, are far more interesting, and
we present and prove a powerful general criterion that allows a simple
determination of which of these nodeless solutions are stable. We demonstrate
our general results by specializing to a number of specific examples, one of
which may be analyzed entirely analytically.


title:
Generation of spin currents and spin densities in systems with reduced
  symmetry

abstract:
  We show that the spin-current response of a semiconductor crystal to an
external electric field is considerably more complex than previously assumed.
While in systems of high symmetry only the spin-Hall components are allowed, in
systems of lower symmetry other non-spin-Hall components may be present. We
argue that, when spin-orbit interactions are present only in the band
structure, the distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to the
spin current is not useful. We show that the generation of spin currents and
that of spin densities in an electric field are closely related, and that our
general theory provides a systematic way to distinguish between them in
experiment. We discuss also the meaning of vertex corrections in systems with
spin-orbit interactions.


title:
On the fifth order KdV equation: local well-posedness and lack of
  uniform continuity of the solution map

abstract:
  In this paper we prove that the fifth order equation arising from the KdV
hierarchy $ \partial_tu + \partial_x^5u + c_1\partial_x u\partial_x^2u +
c_2u\partial_x^3u = 0 $ is locally well-posed in $ H^s(\mathbb{R}) $ for $ s>
5/2. Also, we prove the solution map of the equation is not uniformly
continuous for $s>0$.


title: Functionalized nanopore-embedded electrodes for rapid DNA sequencing

abstract:
  The determination of a patient's DNA sequence can, in principle, reveal an
increased risk to fall ill with particular diseases [1,2] and help to design
"personalized medicine" [3]. Moreover, statistical studies and comparison of
genomes [4] of a large number of individuals are crucial for the analysis of
mutations [5] and hereditary diseases, paving the way to preventive medicine
[6]. DNA sequencing is, however, currently still a vastly time-consuming and
very expensive task [4], consisting of pre-processing steps, the actual
sequencing using the Sanger method, and post-processing in the form of data
analysis [7]. Here we propose a new approach that relies on functionalized
nanopore-embedded electrodes to achieve an unambiguous distinction of the four
nucleic acid bases in the DNA sequencing process. This represents a significant
improvement over previously studied designs [8,9] which cannot reliably
distinguish all four bases of DNA. The transport properties of the setup
investigated by us, employing state-of-the-art density functional theory
together with the non-equilibrium Green's Function method, leads to current
responses that differ by at least one order of magnitude for different bases
and can thus provide a much more robust read-out of the base sequence. The
implementation of our proposed setup could thus lead to a viable protocol for
rapid DNA sequencing with significant consequences for the future of genome
related research in particular and health care in general.


title: Spin-charge separation in a strongly correlated spin-polarized chain

abstract:
  We combine the first-quantized path-integral formalism and bosonization to
develop a phenomenological theory for spin-charge coupled dynamics in
one-dimensional (1D) ferromagnetic systems with strong interparticle repulsion,
at low temperatures. We assume an effective spin-charge separation and retain
the standard Luttinger-liquid plasmon branch, which is explicitly coupled to a
ferromagnetic spin-wave texture with a quadratic dispersion. The dynamic spin
structure severely suppresses the plasmon peak in the single-particle
propagator, in both fermionic and bosonic systems. Our analysis provides an
effective theory for the new universality class of 1D ferromagnetic systems,
capturing both the trapped spin and propagating spin-wave regimes of the
long-time behavior.


title:
The Axis of Opportunity: The Large-Scale Correlation of Elliptical
  Galaxies

abstract:
  This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to the discovery of a serious
bias resulting from the systematic dimming of galaxies with larger
ellipticities away from the North Galactic Pole. Thus the conclusion that there
is a special axis along which the elliptical galaxies tend to be aligned is
incorrect.


title:
Spectral energy distributions of submm/radio bright gamma-ray burst host
  galaxies

abstract:
  We present optical to radio spectral energy distribution fitting of the host
galaxies of four long gamma-ray bursts: 980703, 000210, 000418 and 010222,
which were detected at submillimetre and/or radio wavelengths. We find that
only very young starburst galaxy models are consistent with the data having
both blue optical colors and a pronounced submm emission. For each host we are
able to construct a model consistent with the short- and long-wavelength parts
of the spectra. We find galaxy ages ranging from 0.09 to 2.0 Gyrs and star
formation rates ranging from 138 to 380 MSun/yr.


title: Energetic Impact of Jet Inflated Cocoons in Relaxed Galaxy Clusters

abstract:
  Jets from active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the cores of galaxy clusters have
the potential to be a major contributor to the energy budget of the
intracluster medium (ICM). To study the dependence of the interaction between
the AGN jets and the ICM on the parameters of the jets themselves, we present a
parameter survey of two-dimensional (axisymmetric) ideal hydrodynamic models of
back-to-back jets injected into a cluster atmosphere (with varying Mach numbers
and kinetic luminosities). We follow the passive evolution of the resulting
structures for several times longer than the active lifetime of the jet. The
simulations fall into roughly two classes, cocoon-bounded and non-cocoon
bounded sources. We suggest a correspondence between these two classes and the
Faranoff-Riley types. We find that the cocoon-bounded sources inject
significantly more entropy into the core regions of the ICM atmosphere, even
though the efficiency with which energy is thermalized is independent of the
morphological class. In all cases, a large fraction (50--80%) of the energy
injected by the jet ends up as gravitational potential energy due to the
expansion of the atmosphere.


title:
Glueballs, Hybrids, Multiquarks. Experimental facts versus QCD inspired
  concepts

abstract:
  The spectroscopy of light and heavy mesons is reviewed with emphasis on
glueballs, hybrids, and tetraquarks.


title: Hot GRB-selected Submillimeter Galaxies

abstract:
  Using detailed spectral energy distribution fits we present evidence that
submillimeter- and radio-bright gamma-ray burst host galaxies are hotter
counterparts to submillimeter galaxies. This hypothesis makes them of special
interest since hotter submm galaxies are difficult to find and are believed to
contribute significantly to the star formation history of the Universe.


title: Concealed Quantum Information

abstract:
  We study the teleportation scheme performed by means of a partially entangled
pure state. We found that the information belonging to the quantum channel can
be distributed into both the system of the transmitter and the system of the
receiver. Thus, in order to complete the teleportation process it is required
to perform an "unambiguous non-orthogonal quantum states discrimination" and an
"extraction of the quantum information" processes. This general scheme allows
one to design a strategy for concealing the unknown information of the
teleported state. Besides, we showed that the teleportation and the "concealing
the quantum information" process, can be probabilistically performed even
though the bipartite quantum channel is maximally entangled.


title:
Comparing $GL_n$-Representations by Characteristic-Free Isomorphisms
  between Generalized Schur Algebras

abstract:
  Isomorphisms are constructed between generalized Schur algebras in different
degrees. The construction covers both the classical case (of general linear
groups over infinite fields of arbitrary characteristic) and the quantized case
(in type $A$, for any non-zero value of the quantum parameter $q$). The
construction does not depend on the characteristic of the underlying field or
the choice of $q \neq 0$. The proof combines a combinatorial construction with
comodule structures and Ringel duality. Applications range from equivalences of
categories to results on the structure and cohomology of Schur algebras to
identities of decomposition numbers and also of $p$-Kostka numbers, in both
cases reproving and generalizing row and column removal rules.


title: Yields from single AGB stars

abstract:
  In order to understand the composition of planetary nebulae we first need to
study the nucleosynthesis occurring in the progenitor star during the
thermally-pulsing Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) phase. I present an overview of
single AGB evolution, with an emphasis on the mixing processes that alter the
envelope composition, followed by a discussion of the stellar yields available
from single AGB stellar models.


title:
\emph{In situ} measurement of three-dimensional ion densities in focused
  femtosecond pulses

abstract:
  We image spatial distributions of Xe$^{q+}$ ions in the focus of a laser beam
of ultrashort, intense pulses in all three dimensions, with a resolution of
$\sim$3 $\mu$m and $\sim$12 $\mu$m in the two transverse directions. This
allows for studying ionization processes without spatially averaging ion
yields. Our \emph{in situ} ion imaging is also useful to analyze focal
intensity profiles and to investigate the transverse modal purity of tightly
focused beams of complex light. As an example, the intensity profile of a
Hermite-Gaussian beam mode HG$_{1,0}$ recorded with ions is found to be in good
agreement with optical images.


title: Time reversal invariance in finance

abstract:
  Time reversal invariance can be summarized as follows: no difference can be
measured if a sequence of events is run forward or backward in time. Because
price time series are dominated by a randomness that hides possible structures
and orders, the existence of time reversal invariance requires care to be
investigated. Different statistics are constructed with the property to be zero
for time series which are time reversal invariant; they all show that
high-frequency empirical foreign exchange prices are not invariant. The same
statistics are applied to mathematical processes that should mimic empirical
prices. Monte Carlo simulations show that only some ARCH processes with a
multi-timescales structure can reproduce the empirical findings. A GARCH(1,1)
process can only reproduce some asymmetry. On the other hand, all the
stochastic volatility type processes are time reversal invariant. This clear
difference related to the process structures gives some strong selection
criterion for processes.


title:
A limited resource model of fault-tolerant capability against cascading
  failure of complex network

abstract:
  We propose a novel capacity model for complex networks against cascading
failure. In this model, vertices with both higher loads and larger degrees
should be paid more extra capacities, i.e. the allocation of extra capacity on
vertex $i$ will be proportional to $ k_{i}^{\gamma} $, where $ k_{i}$ is the
degree of vertex $i$ and $\gamma>0$ is a free parameter. We have applied this
model on Barab\'asi-Albert network as well as two real transportation networks,
and found that under the same amount of available resource, this model can
achieve better network robustness than previous models.


title:
ac Losses in a Finite Z Stack Using an Anisotropic Homogeneous-Medium
  Approximation

abstract:
  A finite stack of thin superconducting tapes, all carrying a fixed current I,
can be approximated by an anisotropic superconducting bar with critical current
density Jc=Ic/2aD, where Ic is the critical current of each tape, 2a is the
tape width, and D is the tape-to-tape periodicity. The current density J must
obey the constraint \int J dx = I/D, where the tapes lie parallel to the x axis
and are stacked along the z axis. We suppose that Jc is independent of field
(Bean approximation) and look for a solution to the critical state for
arbitrary height 2b of the stack. For c<|x|<a we have J=Jc, and for |x|<c the
critical state requires that Bz=0. We show that this implies \partial
J/\partial x=0 in the central region. Setting c as a constant (independent of
z) results in field profiles remarkably close to the desired one (Bz=0 for
|x|<c) as long as the aspect ratio b/a is not too small. We evaluate various
criteria for choosing c, and we show that the calculated hysteretic losses
depend only weakly on how c is chosen. We argue that for small D/a the
anisotropic homogeneous-medium approximation gives a reasonably accurate
estimate of the ac losses in a finite Z stack. The results for a Z stack can be
used to calculate the transport losses in a pancake coil wound with
superconducting tape.


title: Black holes as mirrors: quantum information in random subsystems

abstract:
  We study information retrieval from evaporating black holes, assuming that
the internal dynamics of a black hole is unitary and rapidly mixing, and
assuming that the retriever has unlimited control over the emitted Hawking
radiation. If the evaporation of the black hole has already proceeded past the
"half-way" point, where half of the initial entropy has been radiated away,
then additional quantum information deposited in the black hole is revealed in
the Hawking radiation very rapidly. Information deposited prior to the half-way
point remains concealed until the half-way point, and then emerges quickly.
These conclusions hold because typical local quantum circuits are efficient
encoders for quantum error-correcting codes that nearly achieve the capacity of
the quantum erasure channel. Our estimate of a black hole's information
retention time, based on speculative dynamical assumptions, is just barely
compatible with the black hole complementarity hypothesis.


title:
The Evolution of Oxygen and Magnesium in the Bulge and Disk of the Milky
  Way

abstract:
  We show that the Galactic bulge and disk share a similar, strong, decline in
[O/Mg] ratio with [Mg/H]. The similarity of the [O/Mg] trend in these two,
markedly different, populations suggests a metallicity-dependent modulation of
the stellar yields from massive stars, by mass loss from winds, and related to
the Wolf-Rayet phenomenon, as proposed by McWilliam & Rich (2004). We have
modified existing models for the chemical evolution of the Galactic bulge and
the solar neighborhood with the inclusion of metallicity-dependent oxygen
yields from theoretical predictions for massive stars that include mass loss by
stellar winds. Our results significantly improve the agreement between
predicted and observed [O/Mg] ratios in the bulge and disk above solar
metallicity; however, a small zero-point normalization problem remains to be
resolved. The zero-point shift indicates that either the semi-empirical yields
of Francois et al. (2004) need adjustment, or that the bulge IMF is not quite
as flat as found by Ballero et al. (2007); the former explanation is preferred.
Our result removes a previous inconsistency between the interpretation of
[O/Fe] and [Mg/Fe] ratios in the bulge, and confirms the conclusion that the
bulge formed more rapidly than the disk, based on the over-abundances of
elements produced by massive stars. We also provide an explanation for the
long-standing difference between [Mg/Fe] and [O/Fe] trends among disk stars
more metal-rich than the sun.


title: Predictions for masses of bottom baryons

abstract:
  The recent observation of Sigma_b^{+-} (uub and ddb) and Xi_b^- (dsb) baryons
at the Tevatron within 2 MeV of our theoretical predictions provides a strong
motivation for applying the same theoretical approach, based on modeling the
color hyperfine interaction, to predict the masses of other bottom baryons
which might be observed in the foreseeable future. For S-wave qqb states we
predict M(Omega_b) = 6052.1+-5.6 MeV, M(Omega^*_b) = 6082.8+-5.6 MeV, and
M(Xi_b^0) = 5786.7 +- 3.0 MeV. For states with one unit of orbital angular
momentum between the b quark and the two light quarks we predict
M(Lambda_{b[1/2]}) = 5929+-2 MeV, M(Lambda_{b[3/2]}) = 5940+-2 MeV,
M(Xi_{b[1/2]}) = 6106+-4 MeV, and M(Xi_{b[3/2]}) = 6115+-4 MeV.


title:
Spontaneous soliton symmetry breaking in two-dimensional coupled
  Bose-Einstein condensates supported by optical lattices

abstract:
  Models of two-dimensional (2D) traps, with the double-well structure in the
third direction, for Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) are introduced, with
attractive or repulsive interactions between atoms. The models are based on
systems of linearly coupled 2D Gross-Pitaevskii equations (GPEs), where the
coupling accounts for tunneling between the wells. Each well carries an optical
lattice (OL) (stable 2D solitons cannot exist without OLs). The main subject of
the work is spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) in two-component 2D solitons
and localized vortices. We demonstrate that, in the system with attraction or
repulsion, SSB occurs in families of symmetric or antisymmetric solitons (or
vortices), respectively. The corresponding bifurcation destabilizes the
original solution branch and gives rise to a stable branch of asymmetric
solitons or vortices. In the model with attraction, all stable branches
eventually terminate due to the onset of collapse. Stable asymmetric solitons
in higher finite bandgaps, and vortices with a multiple topological charge are
found too. The models also give rise to first examples of \textit{embedded
solitons%} and \textit{embedded vortices}(the states located inside Bloch
bands) in two dimensions. In the linearly-coupled system with opposite signs of
the nonlinearity in the two cores, two distinct types of stable solitons and
vortices are found, dominated by either the self-attractive component or the
self-repulsive one. In the system with a mismatch between the two OLs, a
\textit{pseudo-bifurcation} is found: when the mismatch attains its largest
value ($\pi $), the bifurcation does not happen, as branches of different
solutions asymptotically approach each other but fail to merge.


title: Ultrapowers of Banach algebras and modules

abstract:
  The Arens products are the standard way of extending the product from a
Banach algebra $\mc A$ to its bidual $\mc A''$. Ultrapowers provide another
method which is more symmetric, but one that in general will only give a
bilinear map, which may not be associative. We show that if $\mc A$ is Arens
regular, then there is at least one way to use an ultrapower to recover the
Arens product, a result previously known for C$^*$-algebras. Our main tool is a
Principle of Local Reflexivity result for modules and algebras.


title:
Deep ACS Imaging in the Globular Cluster NGC 6397: The Cluster Color
  Magnitude Diagram and Luminosity Function

abstract:
  We present the CMD from deep HST imaging in the globular cluster NGC 6397.
The ACS was used for 126 orbits to image a single field in two colors (F814W,
F606W) 5 arcmin SE of the cluster center. The field observed overlaps that of
archival WFPC2 data from 1994 and 1997 which were used to proper motion (PM)
clean the data. Applying the PM corrections produces a remarkably clean CMD
which reveals a number of features never seen before in a globular cluster CMD.
In our field, the main sequence stars appeared to terminate close to the
location in the CMD of the hydrogen-burning limit predicted by two independent
sets of stellar evolution models. The faintest observed main sequence stars are
about a magnitude fainter than the least luminous metal-poor field halo stars
known, suggesting that the lowest luminosity halo stars still await discovery.
At the bright end the data extend beyond the main sequence turnoff to well up
the giant branch. A populous white dwarf cooling sequence is also seen in the
cluster CMD. The most dramatic features of the cooling sequence are its turn to
the blue at faint magnitudes as well as an apparent truncation near F814W = 28.
The cluster luminosity and mass functions were derived, stretching from the
turn off down to the hydrogen-burning limit. It was well modeled with either a
very flat power-law or a lognormal function. In order to interpret these fits
more fully we compared them with similar functions in the cluster core and with
a full N-body model of NGC 6397 finding satisfactory agreement between the
model predictions and the data. This exercise demonstrates the important role
and the effect that dynamics has played in altering the cluster IMF.


title: BDDC and FETI-DP under Minimalist Assumptions

abstract:
  The FETI-DP, BDDC and P-FETI-DP preconditioners are derived in a particulary
simple abstract form. It is shown that their properties can be obtained from
only on a very small set of algebraic assumptions. The presentation is purely
algebraic and it does not use any particular definition of method components,
such as substructures and coarse degrees of freedom. It is then shown that
P-FETI-DP and BDDC are in fact the same. The FETI-DP and the BDDC
preconditioned operators are of the same algebraic form, and the standard
condition number bound carries over to arbitrary abstract operators of this
form. The equality of eigenvalues of BDDC and FETI-DP also holds in the
minimalist abstract setting. The abstract framework is explained on a standard
substructuring example.


title:
Coherent ultrafast core-hole correlation spectroscopy: x-ray analogues
  of multidimensional NMR

abstract:
  We propose two dimensional x-ray coherent correlation spectroscopy (2DXCS)
for the study of interactions between core-electron and valence transitions.
This technique might find experimental applications in the future when very
high intensity x-ray sources become available. Spectra obtained by varying two
delay periods between pulses show off-diagonal cross-peaks induced by coupling
of core transitions of two different types. Calculations of the N1s and O1s
signals of aminophenol isomers illustrate how novel information about many-body
effects in electronic structure and excitations of molecules can be extracted
from these spectra.


title: New Prediction For Leptonic Theta_13

abstract:
  An extension of the neutrino sector with two right handed singlet neutrinos
responsible for Dirac neutrino masses is discussed. We show that this setup
with flavor symmetry can give large solar and atmospheric neutrino mixings and
suppressed Theta_13. The flavor symmetry U(1) x S_4 is shown to lead to
Theta_23 = \pi/4 and a new predictive formula for the Theta_13(\simeq 0.015).


title: Tate motives and the fundamental group

abstract:
  Let k be a number field, and let S be a finite set of k-rational points of
P^1. We relate the Deligne-Goncharov contruction of the motivic fundamental
group of X:=P^1_k- S to the Tannaka group scheme of the category of mixed Tate
motives over X.


title:
Three-dimensional coherent X-ray diffraction imaging of a ceramic
  nanofoam: determination of structural deformation mechanisms

abstract:
  Ultra-low density polymers, metals, and ceramic nanofoams are valued for
their high strength-to-weight ratio, high surface area and insulating
properties ascribed to their structural geometry. We obtain the labrynthine
internal structure of a tantalum oxide nanofoam by X-ray diffractive imaging.
Finite element analysis from the structure reveals mechanical properties
consistent with bulk samples and with a diffusion limited cluster aggregation
model, while excess mass on the nodes discounts the dangling fragments
hypothesis of percolation theory.


title: Whittaker unitary dual of affine graded Hecke algebras of type E

abstract:
  This paper gives the classification of the Whittaker unitary dual for affine
graded Hecke algebras of type E. By the Iwahori-Matsumoto involution, this is
equivalent also to the classification of the spherical unitary dual for type E.
This work completes the classification of the Whittaker Iwahori-spherical
unitary dual, or equivalently, the spherical unitary dual, of split linear
algebraic p-adic groups.


title: Dynamics of Rotating Accretion Flows Irradiated by a Quasar

abstract:
  We study the axisymmetric, time-dependent hydrodynamics of rotating flows
that are under the influence of supermassive black hole gravity and radiation
from an accretion disk surrounding the black hole. This work is an extension of
the earlier work presented by Proga, where nonrotating flows were studied.
Here, we consider effects of rotation, a position-dependent radiation
temperature, density at large radii, and uniform X-ray background radiation. As
in the non-rotating case, the rotating flow settles into a configuration with
two components (1) an equatorial inflow and (2) a bipolar inflow/outflow with
the outflow leaving the system along the pole. However, with rotation the flow
does not always reach a steady state. In addition, rotation reduces the outflow
collimation and the outward flux of mass and kinetic energy. Moreover rotation
increases the outward flux of the thermal energy and can lead to fragmentation
and time-variability of the outflow. We also show that a position-dependent
radiation temperature can significantly change the flow solution. In
particular, the inflow in the equatorial region can be replaced by a thermally
driven outflow. Generally, as it have been discussed and shown in the past, we
find that self-consistently determined preheating/cooling from the quasar
radiation can significantly reduce the rate at which the central BH is fed with
matter. However, our results emphasize also a little appreciated feature.
Namely, quasar radiation drives a non-spherical, multi-temperature and very
dynamic flow. These effects become dominant for luminosities in excess of 0.01
of the Eddington luminosity.


title:
Studies of magnetogyration in cubic Bi12GeO20 crystals using
  small-angular magnetooptic polarimetry

abstract:
  We present the results of studies for magnetogyration (MG) effect in
non-centro-symmetric, non-polar Bi12GeO20 crystals performed with the
small-angular polarimetric mapping technique. The magnitude of MG rotation
obtained with the small-angular mapping is close to the corresponding values
obtained recently on the basis of single-ray polarimetry. Our results
demonstrate that multiple reflections of light play a key role in the studies
of MG effect in Bi12GeO20 crystals. They lead to the error, which is at least
two times as large as the expected value of the MG rotation.


title:
Combinatorial fiber bundles and fragmentation of a fiberwise
  PL-homeomorphism

abstract:
  With a compact PL manifold X we associate a category T(X). The objects of
T(X) are all combinatorial manifolds of type X, and morphisms are combinatorial
assemblies. We prove that the homotopy equivalence BT (X) \approx BPL(X) holds,
where PL(X) is the simplicial group of PL-homeomorphisms. Thus the space BT(X)
is a canonical countable (as a CW-complex) model of BPL(X). As a result, we
obtain functorial pure combinatorial models for PL fiber bundles with fiber X
and a PL polyhedron B as the base. Such a model looks like a T(X)-coloring of
some triangulation K of B. The vertices of K are colored by objects of T(X) and
the arcs are colored by morphisms in such a way that the diagram arising from
the 2-skeleton of K is commutative. Comparing with the classical results of
geometric topology, we obtain combinatorial models of the real Grassmannian in
small dimensions: BT(S^{n-1}) \approx BO(n) for n=1,2,3,4. The result is proved
in a sequence of results on similar models of B\PL(X). Special attention is
paid to the main noncompact case X=R^n and to the tangent bundle and Gauss
functor of a combinatorial manifold. The trick that makes the proof possible is
a collection of lemmas on "fragmentation of a fiberwise homeomorphism", a
generalization of the folklore lemma on fragmentation of an isotopy.


title:
Effective equidistribution for closed orbits of semisimple groups on
  homogeneous spaces

abstract:
  We prove effective equidistribution, with polynomial rate, for large closed
orbits of semisimple groups on homogeneous spaces, under certain technical
restrictions (notably, the acting group should have finite centralizer in the
ambient group). The proofs make extensive use of spectral gaps, and also of a
closing lemma for such actions.


title: Integrable KdV Hierarchies on T^2=S^1\times S^1

abstract:
  Following our previous works on extended higher spin symmetries on the torus
we focus in the present contribution to make a setup of the integrable KdV
hierarchies on $T^{2} = S^{1} \times S^{1}$. Actually two particular systems
are considered, namely the KdV and the Burgers non linear integrable model
associated to currents of conformal weights (2, 2) and (1, 1) respectively. One
key steps towards proving the integrability of these systems is to find their
Lax pair operators. This is explicitly done and a mapping between the two
systems is discussed.


title:
Moments of the critical values of families of elliptic curves, with
  applications

abstract:
  We make conjectures on the moments of the central values of the family of all
elliptic curves and on the moments of the first derivative of the central
values of a large family of positive rank curves. In both cases the order of
magnitude is the same as that of the moments of the central values of an
orthogonal family of L-functions. Notably, we predict that the critical values
of all rank 1 elliptic curves is logarithmically larger than the rank 1 curves
in the positive rank family.
  Furthermore, as arithmetical applications we make a conjecture on the
distribution of a_p's amongst all rank 2 elliptic curves, and also show how the
Riemann hypothesis can be deduced from sufficient knowledge of the first moment
of the positive rank family (based on an idea of Iwaniec).


title:
Broadening of band-gap in photonic crystals with optically saturated
  media

abstract:
  Due to strong absorption of the incident light, the media with high
refractive index are considered restrictive for applications in photonic
crystals (PhCs). The possibility to resolve this problem by optical saturation
effectively minimizing the absorption of the PhC medium is discussed. Such
approach might be promising for the significant broadening of the photonic
band-gap.


title:
Mutual Coherence of Polarized Light in Disordered Media: Two-Frequency
  Method Extended

abstract:
  The paper addresses the two-point correlations of electromagnetic waves in
general random, bi-anisotropic media whose constitutive tensors are complex
Hermitian, positive- or negative-definite matrices. A simplified version of the
two-frequency Wigner distribution (2f-WD) for polarized waves is introduced and
the closed form Wigner-Moyal equation is derived from the Maxwell equations. In
the weak-disorder regime with an arbitrarily varying background the
two-frequency radiative transfer (2f-RT) equations for the associated $2\times
2$ coherence matrices are derived from the Wigner-Moyal equation by using the
multiple scale expansion. In birefringent media, the coherence matrix becomes a
scalar and the 2f-RT equations take the scalar form due to the absence of
depolarization. A paraxial approximation is developed for spatialy anisotropic
media. Examples of isotropic, chiral, uniaxial and gyrotropic media are
discussed.


title: Stable rank for inclusions of C*-algebras

abstract:
  When a unital \ca $A$ has topological stable rank one (write $\tsr(A) = 1$),
we know that $\tsr(pAp) \leq 1$ for a non-zero projection $p \in A$. When,
however, $\tsr(A) \geq 2$, it is generally faluse. We prove that if a unital
C*-algebra $A$ has a simple unital C*-subalgebra $D$ of $A$ with common unit
such that $D$ has \PSP and $\sup_{p\in P(D)}\tsr(pAp) < \infty$, then $\tsr(A)
\leq 2.$ As an application let $A$ be a simple unital \ca with $\tsr(A) = 1$
and \PSP, $\{G_k\}_{k=1}^n$ finite groups, $\af_k$ actions from $G_k$ to ${\rm
Aut}((...((A\times_{\af_1}G_1)\times_{\af_2}
G_2)...)\times_{\af_{k-1}}G_{k-1}).$ $(G_0 = \{1\})$ Then $$ \tsr((...
((A\times_{\af_1}G_1)\times_{\af_2} G_2)...)\times_{\af_n}G_n) \leq 2. $$


title: Super Gelfand-Dickey Algebra And Integrable Models

abstract:
  We present in this work a systematic study of integrable models and
supersymmetric extensions of the Gelfand-Dickey algebra of pseudo differential
operators. We describe in detail the relation existing between the algebra of
super pseudo-differential operators on the ring of superfields
$u_{\frac{s}{2}}(z,\theta),s\in Z$ and the higher and lower spin extensions of
the conformal algebra.


title:
An Approximate Solution of the Master Equation with the Dissipator being
  a Set of Projectors

abstract:
  In this paper we consider a quantum open system and treat the master equation
with some restricted dissipator which consists of a set of projection operators
(projectors). The exact solution is given under the commutable approximation
(in our terminology). This is the first step for constructing a general
solution.


title: Further insight into gravitational recoil

abstract:
  We test the accuracy of our recently proposed empirical formula to model the
recoil velocity imparted to the merger remnant of spinning, unequal-mass
black-hole binaries. We study three families of black-hole binary
configurations, all with mass ratio q=3/8 (to maximize the unequal-mass
contribution to the kick) and spins aligned (or counter aligned) with the
orbital angular momentum, two with spin configurations chosen to minimize the
spin-induced tangential and radial accelerations of the trajectories
respectively, and a third family where the trajectories are significantly
altered by spin-orbit coupling. We find good agreement between the measured and
predicted recoil velocities for the first two families, and reasonable
agreement for the third. We also re-examine our original generic binary
configuration that led to the discovery of extremely large spin-driven recoil
velocities and inspired our empirical formula, and find reasonable agreement
between the predicted and measured recoil speeds.


title: An analysis of the durations of Swift Gamma-Ray Bursts

abstract:
  We report the systematic analysis of the durations for Swift gamma-ray bursts
(GRBs) and compare the results with those of pre-Swift data. For 95 GRBs with
known redshift, we show that the observed durations have two lognormal
distributions that are clearly divided at $T_{90}\simeq2$ s. This is consistent
with the earlier BATSE results. The intrinsic durations also show a bimodal
distribution but shift systematically toward the smaller value and the
distribution exhibits a narrower width compared with the observed one. We find
that the intrinsic distributions of long GRBs between Swift and pre-Swift are
significantly different particularly in the width and the median value. In
addition, the Swift data exhibit a wider dynamic range of duration. Our present
study not only confirms the spectra of short GRBs are in general harder than
the long GRBs in the observer frame but also shows this trend becomes weaker in
the source frame.


title:
Ni-PZT-Ni Trilayered Magnetoelectric composites Synthesized by
  Electro-deposition

abstract:
  We report the high strength of magnetoelectric (ME) coupling of trilayered
composites prepared by electro-deposition. The ME coupling of Ni-lead zirconate
titanate (PZT)-Ni trilayered structure was measured ranged from1 kHz to 120
kHz. The trilayered composites exhibit high magnetoelectric voltage coefficient
because of good bonding between piezoelectric and magnetostrictive layers. The
maximum magnetoelectric voltage coefficient can be up to 33 V/cm Oe at the
electromechanical resonance frequency. This magnetoelectric effect shows
promising application in transducers for magnetoelectric energy conversion.


title: On orthostochastic, unistochastic and qustochastic matrices

abstract:
  We introduce qustochastic matrices as the bistochastic matrices arising from
quaternionic unitary matrices by replacing each entry with the square of its
norm. This is the quaternionic analogue of the unistochastic matrices studied
by physicists. We also introduce quaternionic Hadamard matrices and
quaternionic mutually unbiased bases (MUB). In particular we show that the
number of MUB in an n-dimensional quaternionic Hilbert space is at most 2n+1.
The bound is attained for n=2. We also determine all quaternionic Hadamard
matrices of size at most 4.


title:
Magnetoelectric Effect in Ni-PZT-Ni Cylindrical Layered Composite
  Synthesized by Electro-deposition

abstract:
  The magnetoelectric (ME) coupling of cylindrical trilayered composite was
studied in this paper. The Ni-lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-Ni trilayered
cylindrical composite was synthesized by electro-deposition. The maximum ME
voltage coefficient of cylindrical ME composite is 35V/cm Oe, about three times
higher than that of the plate trilayered composite with the same raw materials
and magnetostrictive- piezoelectric phase thickness ratio. The high ME voltage
coefficient of cylindrical composite owes to the self-bound effect of circle.
Moreover, the resulting complex condition can induce a double peak in the field
dependence of ME coefficient.


title: Origin of Ferromagnetism in nitrogen embedded ZnO:N thin films

abstract:
  Nitrogen embedded ZnO:N films prepared by pulsed laser deposition exhibit
significant ferromagnetism. The nitrogen ions contained in ZnO confirmed by
Secondary Ion Microscopic Spectrum and Raman experiments and the embedded
nitrogen ions can be regarded as defects. According to the experiment results,
a mechanism is proposed based on one of the electrons in the completely filled
d-orbits of Zn that compensates the dangling bonds of nitrogen ions and leads
to a net spin of one half in the Zn orbits. These one half spins strongly
correlate with localized electrons that are captured by defects to form
ferromagnetism. Eventually, the magnetism of nitrogen embedded ZnO:N films
could be described by a bound magnetic polaron model.


title: Pion Form Factors in Holographic QCD

abstract:
  Using a holographic dual model of QCD, we compute the pion electromagnetic
form factor F_pi(Q^2) in the spacelike momentum transfer region, as well as
pion couplings to vector mesons g_rho^(n) pi pi. Spontaneous and explicit
chiral symmetry breaking are intrinsic features of this particular holographic
model. We consider variants with both ``hard-wall'' and ``soft-wall'' infrared
cutoffs, and find that the F_pi(Q^2) data tend to lie closer to the hard-wall
model predictions, although both are too shallow for large Q^2. By allowing the
parameters of the soft-wall model (originally fixed by observables such as
m_rho) to vary, one finds fits that tend to agree better with F_pi(Q^2). We
also compute the pion charge radius <r_pi^2> for a variety of parameter
choices, and use the values of f^(n)_rho, g_{rho^(n) pi pi} and m^(n)_rho to
observe the saturation of F_pi(0) by rho poles.


title: Resonant Atom Traps for Electromagnetic Waves

abstract:
  Exitation of atomic levels due to interaction with electromagnetic waves has
been the subject of numerous works, both experimental and theoretical. This
topic became of interest in accelerator physics in relation to high efficiency
charge exchange injection into rings for high beam power applications. Taking
equations of resonant atom-wave interaction equations as a basis, this paper
shows that there exist some interesting phenomena which lead to the existence
of trapped electomagnetic waves (photon traps) in a medium that consists of
atoms with transition frequencies in proximity to the wave frequency. These
traps may exist in random and periodic lattices, and may have very low loss
rate. The atomic medium can serve as an excellent wavegiude or tool to form and
transmit electromagnetic waves for applications to accelerators and to
electromagnetic devices in general, where high pressure gas use is acceptable.
In addition, such traps in gases may accumulate substantial energy for a long
period of time, leading to the possibility of creating objects similar (or
equivalent) to ball lightning.


title: Renormalization group analysis of resonantly interacting anyons

abstract:
  We formulate a field theory for resonantly interacting anyons, that enables
us to perform a perturbative calculation near the fermionic limit. We derive
renormalization group equations for three-body and four-body couplings at
one-loop order. In addition to two fixed points, we find a limit cycle behavior
in the four-body coupling, which implies an infinite set of bound states in the
four-anyon system.


title: Determination of Charm Hadronic Branching Ratios and New Modes

abstract:
  Recent results from CLEO-c, BABAR, and Belle on measurements of absolute
branching fractions of D and D_s mesons are reviewed.


title: Spin-dependent Hedin's equations

abstract:
  Hedin's equations for the electron self-energy and the vertex were originally
derived for a many-electron system with Coulomb interaction. In recent years it
has been increasingly recognized that spin interactions can play a major role
in determining physical properties of systems such as nanoscale magnets or of
interfaces and surfaces. We derive a generalized set of Hedin's equations for
quantum many-body systems containing spin interactions, e.g. spin-orbit and
spin-spin interactions. The corresponding spin-dependent GW approximation is
constructed.


title:
Asymptotic Blocking Probabilities in Loss Networks with Subexponential
  Demands

abstract:
  The analysis of stochastic loss networks has long been of interest in
computer and communications networks and is becoming important in the areas of
service and information systems. In traditional settings, computing the well
known Erlang formula for blocking probability in these systems becomes
intractable for larger resource capacities. Using compound point processes to
capture stochastic variability in the request process, we generalize existing
models in this framework and derive simple asymptotic expressions for blocking
probabilities. In addition, we extend our model to incorporate reserving
resources in advance. Although asymptotic, our experiments show an excellent
match between derived formulas and simulation results even for relatively small
resource capacities and relatively large values of blocking probabilities.


title: Invariant information and complementarity in high-dimensional states

abstract:
  Using a generalization of the invariant information introduced by Brukner and
Zeilinger [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{83}, 3354 (1999)] to high-dimensional
systems, we introduce a complementarity relation between the local and nonlocal
information for $d\times d$ systems under the isolated environment, where $d$
is prime or the power of prime. We also analyze the dynamics of the local
information in the decoherence process.


title: Plasma experiments with relevance for complexity science

abstract:
  The goal of this paper is the identification of the physical processes at the
origin of the nonlinear behavior of a plasma conductor when an external
constraint gradually departs the system from thermal equilibrium. This reveals
the presence of a self-organization scenario whose final product depends on the
magnitude of the applied constraint. At first it appears a complexity whose
stability is ensured by the presence of an electrical double layer. By
increasing the external constraint the complexity transits into an autonomous
state whose existence is related to a rhythmic exchange of matter and energy
with the surrounding environment, sustained and controlled by a proper dynamics
of the double layer. The results are potentially important for developing a
general strategy of nonequilibrium physics, suggesting answers to challenging
problems concerning the mechanism that could explain the appearance of
self-organized complexities in laboratory and nature.


title:
Constraining Dark Energy and Cosmological Transition Redshift with Type
  Ia Supernovae

abstract:
  The property of dark energy and the physical reason for acceleration of the
present universe are two of the most difficult problems in modern cosmology.
The dark energy contributes about two-thirds of the critical density of the
present universe from the observations of type-Ia supernova (SNe Ia) and
anisotropy of cosmic microwave background (CMB).The SN Ia observations also
suggest that the universe expanded from a deceleration to an acceleration phase
at some redshift, implying the existence of a nearly uniform component of dark
energy with negative pressure. We use the ``gold'' sample containing 157 SNe Ia
and two recent well-measured additions, SNe Ia 1994ae and 1998aq to explore the
properties of dark energy and the transition redshift. For a flat universe with
the cosmological constant, we measure $\Omega_{M}=0.28_{-0.05}^{+0.04}$, which
is consistent with Riess et al. The transition redshift is
$z_{T}=0.60_{-0.08}^{+0.06}$. We also discuss several dark energy models that
define the $w(z)$ of the parameterized equation of state of dark energy
including one parameter and two parameters ($w(z)$ being the ratio of the
pressure to energy density). Our calculations show that the accurately
calculated transition redshift varies from $z_{T}=0.29_{-0.06}^{+0.07}$ to
$z_{T}=0.60_{-0.08}^{+0.06}$ across these models. We also calculate the minimum
redshift $z_{c}$ at which the current observations need the universe to
accelerate.


title:
Anti-correlation between energy-gap and phonon energy for cuprate Bi2212
  superconductor

abstract:
  Using electron-phonon mechanism, we explains very well the spatial
anti-orrelation between the energy-gap and the energy of phonon mode for
cuprate superconductor found in d^2I/dV^2 spectrum by STM measurements [Jinho
Lee, et.al Nature {\bf 442},546 (2006)], which is the direct effect of a
relation $M<\omega^{2}>\lambda=const$. We calculate T$_{C}$ maps on
$\lambda-\Omega_{P}$ plane which help us understanding the relation
M<\omega^{2}>\lambda=const$ and the superconductivity of superconductors.


title: Ball Lightning as a Self-organized Complexity

abstract:
  The ball lightning phenomenon is explained in the frame of a
self-organization scenario suggested by experiments performed on the
spontaneously generated complex spherical space charge configuration in plasma.
Originated in a hot plasma, suddenly created in a point where a lightning flash
strikes the Earth surface, the ball lightning appearance proves the ability of
nature to generate, by self-organization, complex structures able to ensure
their own existence by exchange of matter and energy with the surroundings.
Their subsequent evolution depends on the environment where they are born.
Under contemporary Earth conditions the lifetime of such complexities is
relatively short. A similar self-organization mechanism, produced by simple
sparks in the earl Earth's atmosphere (chemically reactive plasma) is suggested
to explain the genesis of complexities able to evolve into prebiotic
structures.


title: Self-consistent theory of reversible ligand binding to a spherical cell

abstract:
  In this article, we study the kinetics of reversible ligand binding to
receptors on a spherical cell surface using a self-consistent stochastic
theory. Binding, dissociation, diffusion and rebinding of ligands are
incorporated into the theory in a systematic manner. We derive explicitly the
time evolution of the ligand-bound receptor fraction p(t) in various regimes .
Contrary to the commonly accepted view, we find that the well-known
Berg-Purcell scaling for the association rate is modified as a function of
time. Specifically, the effective on-rate changes non-monotonically as a
function of time and equals the intrinsic rate at very early as well as late
times, while being approximately equal to the Berg-Purcell value at
intermediate times. The effective dissociation rate, as it appears in the
binding curve or measured in a dissociation experiment, is strongly modified by
rebinding events and assumes the Berg-Purcell value except at very late times,
where the decay is algebraic and not exponential. In equilibrium, the ligand
concentration everywhere in the solution is the same and equals its spatial
mean, thus ensuring that there is no depletion in the vicinity of the cell.
Implications of our results for binding experiments and numerical simulations
of ligand-receptor systems are also discussed.


title: On the "mystery" of differential negative resistance

abstract:
  Investigating the causes of the nonlinear behavior of a gaseous conductor we
identified the presence of two states of the complex space charge configuration
self-assembled in front of the anode. These states correspond to two levels of
self-organization from which the first one is related to spatial pattern
whereas the second one to spatiotemporal pattern. Their emergence through two
kinds of instabilities produced for two critical distances from thermodynamic
equilibrium is emphasized in the current voltage characteristic as an S-shaped,
respectively Z-shaped bistability. Their presence attributes to the gaseous
conductor the ability to work as an S-shaped, respectively an N-shaped negative
differential resistance.


title:
Cell-like space charge configurations formed by selforganization in
  laboratory

abstract:
  A phenomenological model of self-organization explaining the emergence of a
complexity with features that apparently satisfy the specific criteria usually
required for recognizing the appearance of life in laboratory is presented. The
described phenomenology, justified by laboratory experiments, is essentially
based on local self-enhancement and long-range inhibition. The complexity
represents a primitive organism self-assembled in a gaseous medium revealing,
immediately after its "birth", many of the prerequisite features that attribute
them the quality to evolve, under suitable conditions, into a living cell.


title: Boundaries for algebras of holomorphic functions on Banach spaces

abstract:
  We study the relations between boundaries for algebras of holomorphic
functions on Banach spaces and complex convexity of their balls. In addition,
we show that the Shilov boundary for algebras of holomorphic functions on an
order continuous sequence space $X$ is the unit sphere $S_X$ if $X$ is locally
c-convex. In particular, it is shown that the unit sphere of the Orlicz-Lorentz
sequence space $\lambda_{\phi, w}$ is the Shilov boundary for algebras of
holomorphic functions on $\lambda_{\phi, w}$ if $\phi$ satisfies the
$\delta_2$-condition.


title: Bishop's Theorem and Differentiability of a subspace of $C_b(K)$

abstract:
  Let $K$ be a Hausdorff space and $C_b(K)$ be the Banach algebra of all
complex bounded continuous functions on $K$. We study the G\^{a}teaux and
Fr\'echet differentiability of subspaces of $C_b(K)$. Using this, we show that
the set of all strong peak functions in a nontrivial separating separable
subspace $H$ of $C_b(K)$ is a dense $G_\delta$ subset of $H$, if $K$ is
compact. This gives a generalized Bishop's theorem, which says that the closure
of the set of strong peak point for $H$ is the smallest closed norming subset
of $H$. The classical Bishop's theorem was proved for a separating subalgebra
$H$ and a metrizable compact space $K$.
  In the case that $X$ is a complex Banach space with the Radon-Nikod\'ym
property, we show that the set of all strong peak functions in $A_b(B_X)=\{f\in
C_b(B_X) : f|_{B_X^\circ} {is holomorphic}\}$ is dense. As an application, we
show that the smallest closed norming subset of $A_b(B_X)$ is the closure of
the set of all strong peak points for $A_b(B_X)$. This implies that the norm of
$A_b(B_X)$ is G\^{a}teaux differentiable on a dense subset of $A_b(B_X)$, even
though the norm is nowhere Fr\'echet differentiable when $X$ is nontrivial. We
also study the denseness of norm attaining holomorphic functions and
polynomials. Finally we investigate the existence of numerical Shilov boundary.


abstract:
  The Loewy length of the descent algebra of type D_{2m+1} is shown to be m+2,
for m \geq 2, by providing an upper bound that agrees with the lower bound in
\cite{BonnafePfeiffer2006}. The bound is obtained by showing that the length of
the longest path in the quiver of the descent algebra of D_{2m+1} is at most
m+1. To achieve this bound, the geometric approach to the descent algebra is
used, in which the descent algebra of a finite Coxeter group is identified with
an algebra associated to the reflection arrangement of the group.


title: Shape demagnetization effect on layered magnetoelectric composites

abstract:
  Magnetoelectric (ME) voltage coefficient was always considered independent on
in-plane shape of plate layered magnetostrictive-piezoelectric composites due
to the oversimplification in ME theoretical models. In this article, we present
that in fact the ME voltage coefficient is largely dependent on the in-plane
shape owing to shape demagnetization effect on magnetostrictivity. Theoretical
analysis and experimental results both indicate that ME voltage coefficient
changes notably with the variation of in-plane sizes (length and width) of
layered ME properties. ME coefficient increases with the rise of in-plane
sizes, and different aspect ratio will also result in different ME coefficient.
Proper design of in-plane shape will greatly promote the development of ME
devices.


title:
Autoionization of spin-polarized metastable helium in tight anisotropic
  harmonic traps

abstract:
  Spin-dipole mediated interactions between tightly confined metastable helium
atoms couple the spin-polarized quintet ${}^{5}\Sigma^{+}_{g}$ state to the
singlet ${}^{1}\Sigma^{+}_{g}$ state from which autoionization is highly
probable, resulting in finite lifetimes for the trap eigenstates. We extend our
earlier study on spherically symmetric harmonic traps to the interesting cases
of axially symmetric anisotropic harmonic traps and report results for the
lowest 10 states in "cigar-like" and "pancake-like" traps with average
frequencies of 100 kHz and 1 MHz. We find that there is a significant
suppression of ionization, and subsequent increase in lifetimes, at trap aspect
ratios $A=p/q$, where $p$ and $q$ are integers, for those states that are
degenerate in the absence of collisions or spin-dipole interactions.


title: Classification of uniformly outer actions of Z^2 on UHF algebras

abstract:
  We give a complete classification up to cocycle conjugacy of uniformly outer
actions of Z^2 on UHF algebras. In particular, it is shown that any two
uniformly outer actions of Z^2 on a UHF algebra of infinite type are cocycle
conjugate. We also classify them up to outer conjugacy.


title: Classification of outer actions of Z^N on O_2

abstract: We will show that any two outer actions of Z^N on O_2 are cocycle conjugate.


title: Graph Isomorphism is PSPACE-complete

abstract:
  Combining the the results of A.R. Meyer and L.J. Stockmeyer "The Equivalence
Problem for Regular Expressions with Squaring Requires Exponential Space", and
K.S. Booth "Isomorphism testing for graphs, semigroups, and finite automata are
polynomiamlly equivalent problems" shows that graph isomorphism is
PSPACE-complete.


title: Holder stability of diffeomorphisms

abstract:
  We prove that a $C^2$ diffeomorphism $f$ of a compact manifold $M$ satisfies
Axiom A and the strong transversality condition if and only if it is H\"{o}lder
stable, that is, any $C^1$ diffeomorphism $g$ of $M$ sufficiently $C^1$ close
to $f$ is conjugate to $f$ by a homeomorphism which is H\"{o}lder on the whole
manifold.


title: Typicality, Freak Observers and the Anthropic Principle of Existence

abstract:
  We propose an alternative anthropic probability for calculating the
probabilities in eternal inflation. This anthropic probability follows
naturally from the weak anthropic principle, and does not suffer the freak
observer or the typicality problems. The problem that our observed cosmological
constant is not at the peak of the usual anthropic probability distribution is
also solved using this proposal.


title: Optomechanical trapping and cooling of partially transparent mirrors

abstract:
  We consider the radiative trapping and cooling of a partially transmitting
mirror suspended inside an optical cavity, generalizing the case of a perfectly
reflecting mirror previously considered [M. Bhattacharya and P. Meystre, Phys.
Rev. Lett. \textbf{99}, 073601 (2007)]. This configuration was recently used in
an experiment to cool a nanometers-thick membrane [Thompson \textit{et al.},
arXiv:0707.1724v2, 2007]. The self-consistent cavity field modes of this system
depend strongly on the position of the middle mirror, leading to important
qualitative differences in the radiation pressure effects: in one case, the
situation is similar that of a perfectly reflecting middle mirror, with only
minor quantitative modifications. In addition, we also identify a range of
mirror positions for which the radiation-mirror coupling becomes purely
dispersive and the back-action effects that usually lead to cooling are absent,
although the mirror can still be optically trapped. The existence of these two
regimes leads us to propose a bichromatic scheme that optimizes the cooling and
trapping of partially transmissive mirrors.


title: GMRT Low Frequency Observations of Extrasolar Planetary Systems

abstract:
  Extrasolar planets are expected to emit detectable low frequency radio
emission. In this paper we present results from new low frequency observations
of two extrasolar planetary systems (Epsilon Eridani and HD 128311) taken at
150 MHz with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT). These two systems have
been chosen because the stars are young (with ages < 1 Gyr) and are likely to
have strong stellar winds, which will increase the expected radio flux. The
planets are massive (presumably) gas giant planets in longer period orbits, and
hence will not be tidally locked to their host star (as is likely to be the
case for short period planets) and we would expect them to have a strong
planetary dynamo and magnetic field. We do not detect either system, but are
able to place tight upper limits on their low frequency radio emission, at
levels comparable to the theoretical predictions for these systems. From these
observations we have a 2.5sigma limit of 7.8 mJy for Epsilon Eri and 15.5 mJy
for HD 128311. In addition, these upper limits also provide limits on the low
frequency radio emission from the stars themselves. These results are discussed
and also the prospects for the future detection of radio emission from
extrasolar planets.


title: Computer simulated heat flow dynamics in Silicon at low temperatures

abstract:
  The thermal characteristics of silicon between 15 and 300 deg K are
investigated by applying a computer program on the solution of the differential
heat diffusion equation. The computer model is linked to high-purity silicon
through a set of experimental data. The numerical results are given in graphic
form and show, in particular, very short diffusion transit times across long
distances. The computed figures require experimental confrontations; a test
set-up is proposed.


title:
A recursive online algorithm for the estimation of time-varying ARCH
  parameters

abstract:
  In this paper we propose a recursive online algorithm for estimating the
parameters of a time-varying ARCH process. The estimation is done by updating
the estimator at time point $t-1$ with observations about the time point $t$ to
yield an estimator of the parameter at time point $t$. The sampling properties
of this estimator are studied in a non-stationary context -- in particular,
asymptotic normality and an expression for the bias due to non-stationarity are
established. By running two recursive online algorithms in parallel with
different step sizes and taking a linear combination of the estimators, the
rate of convergence can be improved for parameter curves from H\"{o}lder
classes of order between 1 and 2.


title:
Aides en ligne \`a l'utilisation de logiciels grand public : probl\`emes
  sp\'ecifiques de conception et solutions potentielles

abstract:
  The observation that novice users seldom consult online help was made over
twenty years ago. This observation still holds nowadays, although online help
to the use of software for the general public has greatly improved in usability
during this period. The paper first demonstrates the necessity of online help
to the use of new software whatever the transparency of the user interface, as
whether online help systems are meant to compensate for interface design
weaknesses or actually do provide necessary assistance to the discovery of a
new software package functionalities is still an unsolved issue. The discussion
relies on results of empirical and experimental studies and theoretical
arguments. In the second part, we analyse the specific difficulties raised by
the design of effective online help systems for current software intended for
the general public so as to try and understand the reluctance of novice users
to use online help. In the last part, we present and discuss the possible
contributions of various approaches to solving this issue. Recent interaction
paradigms and techniques are considered, such as, static and dynamic
personalisation, contextual online help and new forms of multimodality.


title: Metal Abundance Properties of M81 Globular Cluster System

abstract:
  This paper is the third in the series of papers on M81 globular clusters. In
this paper, we present spatial and metal abundance properties of 95 M81
globular clusters, which comprise nearly half of all the M81 globular cluster
system. These globular clusters are divided into two M81 metallicity groups by
a KMM test. Our results show that, the metal-rich clusters did not demonstrate
a centrally concentrated spatial distribution as ones in M31, and metal-poor
clusters tend to be less spatially concentrated. In other words, the
distribution of the metal-rich clusters in M81 is not very similar to that of
M31. Most of the metal-rich clusters distribute at projected radii of 4-8 kpc.
It is also noted that the metal-rich clusters distribute within the inner 20
kpc, and the metal-poor ones do out to radii of ~40 kpc. Like our Galaxy and
M31, the metallicity distribution of globular clusters in M81 along
galactocentric radius suggests that some dissipation occurred during the
formation of the globular cluster system, i.e. smooth, pressure-supported
collapse models of galaxies are unlikely to produce such radial distribution of
metallicity presented in this paper. There is not evident correlation between
globular cluster luminosity and metallicity in M81 globular clusters. The
overwhelming conclusion of this paper seems to be that a more complete and
thorough cluster search is needed in M81.


title:
High-Temperature Expansion of the Free Energy in the Two-Dimensional XY
  Model

abstract:
  We extend the high-temperature series of the free energy for the XY model in
two dimensions to order $\beta^{48}$ from the previous order of $\beta^{22}$ by
applying the improved algorithm of the finite lattice method. The long series
obtained enables us to conclude that the behavior of the free energy is
consistent in high accuracy with what is expected when the phase transition of
the model is of the Kosterlitz-Thouless type .


title: Multiple Quantum NMR Dynamics in Dipolar Ordered Spin Systems

abstract:
  We investigate analytically and numerically the Multiple Quantum (MQ) NMR
dynamics in systems of nuclear spins 1/2 coupled by the dipole-dipole
interactions in the case of the dipolar ordered initial state. We suggest two
different methods of MQ NMR. One of them is based on the measurement of the
dipolar temperature in the quasi-equilibrium state which establishes after the
time of order T2 after the MQ NMR experiment. The other method uses an
additional resonance 45^0 -pulse after the preparation period of the standard
MQ NMR experiment in solids. Many-spin clusters and correlations are created
faster in such experiments than in the usual MQ NMR experiments and can be used
for the investigation of many-spin dynamics of nuclear spins in solids.


title: Non-Markovian hole spin kinetics in $p$-type GaAs quantum wells

abstract:
  Based on fully microscopic kinetic spin Bloch equation approach, we show the
non-Markovian effect in spin dephasing of heavy holes in $p$-type GaAs quantum
wells. The non-Markovian effect manifests itself in spin dephasing when the
mean spin precession time is shorter than the momentum relaxation time. The
spin dephasing becomes slower when the non-Markovian effect is important.
Moreover, quantum spin beats due to the memory effect of the non-Markovian
hole-longitudinal optical phonon scattering are predicted.


title: Higher loop renormalization of fermion bilinear operators

abstract:
  We compute the two-loop renormalization functions, in the RI' scheme, of
local bilinear quark operators $\bar\psi\Gamma\psi$, where $\Gamma$ denotes the
Scalar and Pseudoscalar Dirac matrices, in the lattice formulation of QCD. We
consider both the flavor non-singlet and singlet operators; the latter, in the
scalar case, leads directly to the two-loop fermion mass renormalization,
$Z_m$.
  As a prerequisite for the above, we also compute the quark field
renormalization, $Z_\psi$, up to two loops.
  We use the clover action for fermions and the Wilson action for gluons. Our
results are given as a polynomial in $c_{SW}$, in terms of both the
renormalized and bare coupling constant, in the renormalized Feynman gauge. We
also confirm the 1-loop renormalization functions, for generic gauge.
  A longer write-up of the present work, including the conversion of our
results to the MSbar scheme and a generalization to arbitrary fermion
representations, can be found in arXiv:0707.2906 .


title: $pp\to pp\pi^0$ near threshold in pionless effective field theory

abstract:
  In this talk, we review our recent calculation for the $pp\to pp\pi^0$
reaction near threshold in pionless effective field theory with a di-baryon and
external pions.


title: Measurement of B -> D*- tau+ nu and B -> h(*) nu nubar Decays at Belle

abstract:
  We report an observation of the decay B0 -> D*- tau+ nu and a search for the
rare decays B -> h(*) nu nubar\ove, where h(*) stands for a light meson. A data
sample of 535 million BBbar pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB
e+e- collider is used. We find a signal with a significance of 5.2 standard
deviations on B0 -> D*- tau+ nu and measure the branching fraction to be 2.02
+0.40/-0.37 (stat.) +- 0.37 (syst.)%. No significant signal is observed for B
-> h(*) nu nubar decays and we set upper limits on the branching fractions at
90% confidence level. The limits on B0 -> K*0 nu nubar and B+ -> K+ nu nubar
decays are more stringent than the previous constraints, while the first
searches for B0 -> K0 nu nubar, pi0 nu nubar, rho0 nu nubar, phi nu nubar and
B+ -> K*+ nu nubar, rho+ nu nubar are presented.


title: NMR method for amplification of single spin state

abstract:
  Amplification of a single spin state using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
techniques in a rotating frame is considered. The main aim is to investigate
the efficient of various schemes for quantum detection. Results of numerical
simulation of the time dependence of individual and total nuclear polarizations
for one-, two-, and three-dimensional configurations of the spin systems are
presented.


title: Non-Abelian Global Strings at Chiral Phase Transition

abstract:
  We construct non-Abelian global string solutions in the U(N)_L x U(N)_R
linear sigma model. These strings are the most fundamental objects which are
expected to form during the chiral phase transitions, because the Abelian eta'
string is marginally decomposed into N of them. We point out Nambu-Goldstone
modes of CP^{N-1} for breaking of U(N)_V arise around a non-Abelian vortex.


title: Interactions of Non-Abelian Global Strings

abstract:
  Non-Abelian global strings are expected to form during the chiral phase
transition. They have orientational zero modes in the internal space,
associated with the vector-like symmetry SU(N)_{L+R} broken in the presence of
strings. The interaction among two parallel non-Abelian global strings is
derived for general relative orientational zero modes, giving a non-Abelian
generalization of the Magnus force. It is shown that when the orientations of
the strings are the same, the repulsive force reaches the maximum, whereas when
the relative orientation becomes the maximum, no force exists between the
strings. For the Abelian case we find a finite volume correction to the known
result. The marginal instability of the previously known Abelian eta' strings
is discussed.


title:
Limiting distributions of curves under geodesic flow on hyperbolic
  manifolds

abstract:
  We consider the evolution of a compact segment of an analytic curve on the
unit tangent bundle of a finite volume hyperbolic $n$-manifold under the
geodesic flow. Suppose that the curve is not contained in a stable leaf of the
flow. It is shown that under the geodesic flow, the normalized parameter
measure on the curve gets asymptotically equidistributed with respect to the
normalized natural Riemannian measure on the unit tangent bundle of a closed
totally geodesically immersed submanifold.
  Moreover, if this immersed submanifold is a proper subset, then a lift of the
curve to the universal covering space $T^1(H^n)$ is mapped into a proper
subsphere of the ideal boundary sphere $\partial H^n$ under the visual map.
This proper subsphere can be realized as the ideal boundary of an isometrically
embedded hyperbolic subspace in $H^n$ covering the closed immersed submanifold.
  In particular, if the visual map does not send a lift of the curve into a
proper subsphere of $\partial H^n$, then under the geodesic flow the curve gets
asymptotically equidistributed on the unit tangent bundle of the manifold with
respect to the normalized natural Riemannian measure.
  The proof uses dynamical properties of unipotent flows on finite volume
homogeneous spaces of SO(n,1).


title:
A note on the measurement of phase space observables with an eight-port
  homodyne detector

abstract:
  It is well known that the Husimi Q-function of the signal field can actually
be measured by the eight-port homodyne detection technique, provided that the
reference beam (used for homodyne detection) is a very strong coherent field so
that it can be treated classically. Using recent rigorous results on the
quantum theory of homodyne detection observables, we show that any phase space
observable, and not only the Q-function, can be obtained as a high amplitude
limit of the signal observable actually measured by an eight-port homodyne
detector. The proof of this fact does not involve any classicality assumption.


title: $L^2$-approximating pricing under restricted information

abstract:
  We consider the mean-variance hedging problem under partial information in
the case where the flow of observable events does not contain the full
information on the underlying asset price process. We introduce a martingale
equation of a new type and characterize the optimal strategy in terms of the
solution of this equation. We give relations between this equation and backward
stochastic differential equations for the value process of the problem.


title: Non-Abelian Strings in High Density QCD: Zero Modes and Interactions

abstract:
  The most fundamental strings in high density color superconductivity are the
non-Abelian semi-superfluid strings which have color gauge flux tube but behave
as superfluid vortices in the energetic point of view. We show that in addition
to the usual translational zero modes, these vortices have normalizable
orientational zero modes in the internal space, associated with the
color-flavor locking symmetry broken in the presence of the strings. The
interaction among two parallel non-Abelian semi-superfluid strings is derived
for general relative orientational zero modes to show the universal repulsion.
This implies that the previously known superfluid vortices, formed by
spontaneously broken U(1)_B, are unstable to decay. Moreover, our result proves
the stability of color superconductors in the presence of external color gauge
fields.

categories: hep-ph astro-ph cond-mat.supr-con hep-th nucl-th


title: On dynamical smash product

abstract:
  In the theory of dynamical Yang-Baxter equation, with any Hopf algebra $H$
and a certain $H$-module and $H$-comodule algebra $L$ (base algebra) one
associates a monoidal category. Given an algebra $A$ in that category, one can
construct an associative algebra $A\rtimes L$, which is a generalization of the
ordinary smash product when $A$ is an ordinary $H$-algebra. We study this
"dynamical smash product" and its modules induced from one-dimensional
representation of the subalgebra $L$. In particular, we construct an analog of
the Galois map $A\otimes_{A^H} A\to A\otimes H^*$.


title: Hybrid Curvatons from Broken Symmetry

abstract:
  We present a new general mechanism for generating curvature perturbations
after inflation. Our model is based on the simple assumption that a field that
starts to oscillate after inflation has a potential characterized by an
underlying global symmetry that is slightly or badly broken. Inhomogeneous
preheating occurs due to the oscillation with the broken symmetry. Unlike the
traditional curvaton model, we will not identify the curvaton with the
oscillating field. The curvaton is identified with the preheat field that could
be either a scalar, vector, or fermionic field. We introduce an explicit mass
term for the curvaton, which is important for later evolution and the decay.
Our present model represents the simplest example of the hybrid of the
curvatons and inhomogeneous preheating.


title: Protected nodes and the collapse of the Fermi arcs in high Tc cuprates

abstract:
  Angle resolved photoemission on underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 reveals that the
magnitude and d-wave anisotropy of the superconducting state energy gap are
independent of temperature all the way up to Tc. This lack of T variation of
the entire k-dependent gap is in marked contrast to mean field theory. At Tc
the point nodes of the d-wave gap abruptly expand into finite length ``Fermi
arcs''. This change occurs within the width of the resistive transition, and
thus the Fermi arcs are not simply thermally broadened nodes but rather a
unique signature of the pseudogap phase.


title:
Specific heat of the mixed spin-1/2 and spin-S Ising model with a rope
  ladder structure

abstract:
  The mixed spin-1/2 and spin-S (S>1/2) Ising model on a rope ladder is
examined by combining two exact analytical methods. By the decoration-iteration
mapping transformation, this mixed-spin system is firstly transformed to a
simple spin-1/2 Ising model on the two-leg ladder, which is then exactly solved
by the standard transfer-matrix method. The thermal variations of the
zero-field specific heat are discussed in particular.


title:
General quantum phase estimation and calibration of a timepiece in a
  quantum dot system

abstract:
  We present a physical scheme for implementing quantum phase estimation via
weakly coupled double quantum-dot molecules embedded in a microcavity. During
the same process of implementation, we can also realize the calibration of a
timepiece based on the estimated phase. We use the electron-hole pair states in
coupled double quantum-dot molecules to encode quantum information, where the
requirement that two quantum dots are exactly identical is not necessary. Our
idea can also be generalized to other systems, such as atomic, trapped ion and
linear optics system.


title:
The spin-1/2 Ising model on the bow-tie lattice as an exactly soluble
  free-fermion model

abstract:
  The spin-1/2 Ising model on the bow-tie lattice is exactly solved by
establishing a precise mapping relationship with its corresponding free-fermion
eight-vertex model. Ground-state and finite-temperature phase diagrams are
obtained for the anisotropic bow-tie lattice with three different exchange
interactions along three different spatial directions.


title:
Reentrant transitions of Ising-Heisenberg ferromagnet on a triangular
  lattice with diamond-like decorations

abstract:
  The mixed spin-1/2 and spin-1 Ising-Heisenberg ferromagnet on the decorated
triangular lattice consisting of inter-connected diamonds is investigated
within the framework of an exact decoration-iteration mapping transformation.
It is shown that the diamond-like decoration by a couple of the Heisenberg
spins gives rise to a diverse critical behaviour including reentrant phase
transitions with two consecutive critical points.


title:
Wavelet block thresholding for samples with random design: a minimax
  approach under the $L^p$ risk

abstract:
  We consider the regression model with (known) random design. We investigate
the minimax performances of an adaptive wavelet block thresholding estimator
under the $\mathbb{L}^p$ risk with $p\ge 2$ over Besov balls. We prove that it
is near optimal and that it achieves better rates of convergence than the
conventional term-by-term estimators (hard, soft,...).


title:
Ground-state phase diagram of geometrically frustrated Ising-Heisenberg
  model on doubly decorated planar lattices

abstract:
  Ground-state phase diagram of the mixed spin-1/2 and spin-1 Ising-Heisenberg
model on doubly decorated planar lattices is examined using the generalized
decoration-iteration transformation. The main attention is devoted to the
comparison of the ground-state properties of the quantum Ising-Heisenberg model
and its semi-classical Ising analogue.


title: Biexciton stability in carbon nanotubes

abstract:
  We have applied the quantum Monte Carlo method and tight-binding modelling to
calculate the binding energy of biexcitons in semiconductor carbon nanotubes
for a wide range of diameters and chiralities. For typical nanotube diameters
we find that biexciton binding energies are much larger than previously
predicted from variational methods, which easily brings the biexciton binding
energy above the room temperature threshold.