title: Femtocell Networks: A Survey

abstract:
  The surest way to increase the system capacity of a wireless link is by
getting the transmitter and receiver closer to each other, which creates the
dual benefits of higher quality links and more spatial reuse. In a network with
nomadic users, this inevitably involves deploying more infrastructure,
typically in the form of microcells, hotspots, distributed antennas, or relays.
A less expensive alternative is the recent concept of femtocells, also called
home base-stations, which are data access points installed by home users get
better indoor voice and data coverage. In this article, we overview the
technical and business arguments for femtocells, and describe the
state-of-the-art on each front. We also describe the technical challenges
facing femtocell networks, and give some preliminary ideas for how to overcome
them.


title: Delay time computation for relativistic tunneling particles

abstract:
  We study the tunneling zone solutions of a one-dimensional electrostatic
potential for the relativistic (Dirac to Klein-Gordon) wave equation when the
incoming wave packet exhibits the possibility of being almost totally
transmitted through the barrier. The transmission probabilities, the phase
times and the dwell times for the proposed relativistic dynamics are obtained
and the conditions for the occurrence of accelerated tunneling transmission are
all quantified. We show that, in some limiting cases, the analytical
difficulties that arise when the stationary phase method is employed for
obtaining phase (traversal) tunneling times are all overcome. Lessons
concerning the phenomenology of the relativistic tunneling suggest revealing
insights into condensed-matter experiments using electrostatic barriers for
which the accelerated tunneling effect can be observed.


title: Selective association rule generation

abstract:
  Mining association rules is a popular and well researched method for
discovering interesting relations between variables in large databases. A
practical problem is that at medium to low support values often a large number
of frequent itemsets and an even larger number of association rules are found
in a database. A widely used approach is to gradually increase minimum support
and minimum confidence or to filter the found rules using increasingly strict
constraints on additional measures of interestingness until the set of rules
found is reduced to a manageable size. In this paper we describe a different
approach which is based on the idea to first define a set of ``interesting''
itemsets (e.g., by a mixture of mining and expert knowledge) and then, in a
second step to selectively generate rules for only these itemsets. The main
advantage of this approach over increasing thresholds or filtering rules is
that the number of rules found is significantly reduced while at the same time
it is not necessary to increase the support and confidence thresholds which
might lead to missing important information in the database.


title:
Dynamics of meromorphic maps with small topological degree I: from
  cohomology to currents

abstract:
  We consider the dynamics of a meromorphic map on a compact kahler surface
whose topological degree is smaller than its first dynamical degree. The latter
quantity is the exponential rate at which its iterates expand the cohomology
class of a kahler form. Our goal in this article and its sequels is to carry
out a conjectural program for constructing and analyzing a natural measure of
maximal entropy for each such map. Here we take the first step, converting
information about the linear action of the map on cohomology to invariant
currents with special geometric structure. We also give some examples and
identify some additional properties of maps on irrational surfaces and of maps
whose invariant cohomology classes have vanishing self-intersection.


title: Characterizing path graphs by forbidden induced subgraphs

abstract:
  A graph is a path graph if it is the intersection graph of a family of
subpaths of a tree. In 1970, Renz asked for a characterizaton of path graphs by
forbidden induced subgraphs. Here we answer this question by listing all graphs
that are not path graphs and are minimal with this property.


title: The mixed problem for harmonic functions in polyhedra

abstract:
  R. M. Brown's theorem on mixed Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions is
extended in two ways for the special case of polyhedral domains. A (1) more
general partition of the boundary into Dirichlet and Neumann sets is used on
(2) manifold boundaries that are not locally given as the graphs of functions.
Examples are constructed to illustrate necessity and other implications of the
geometric hypotheses.


title:
Quantum nondemolition-like, fast measurement scheme for a
  superconducting qubit

abstract:
  We present a measurement protocol for a flux qubit coupled to a
dc-Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID), representative of any
two-state system with a controllable coupling to an harmonic oscillator
quadrature, which consists of two steps. First, the qubit state is imprinted
onto the SQUID via a very short and strong interaction. We show that at the end
of this step the qubit dephases completely, although the perturbation of the
measured qubit observable during this step is weak. In the second step,
information about the qubit is extracted by measuring the SQUID. This step can
have arbitrarily long duration, since it no longer induces qubit errors.


title: Cooperative long range protein-protein dynamics in Purple Membrane

abstract:
  We present experimental evidence for a long-range protein-protein interaction
in purple membrane (PM). The interprotein dynamics were quantified by measuring
the spectrum of the acoustic phonons in the 2D bacteriorhodopsin (BR) protein
lattice using inelastic neutron scattering. Phonon energies of about 1 meV were
determined. The data are compared to an analytical model, and the effective
spring constant for the interaction between neighboring protein trimers are
determined to be k=53 N/m. Additional, optical-like excitations at 0.45 meV
were found and assigned to intraprotein dynamics between neighboring BR
monomers.


title: Mass effects in muon and semileptonic b -> c decays

abstract:
  Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) effects in the semileptonic decay b -> c l nu
are evaluated to the second order in the coupling constant, O(alpha_s^2), and
to several orders in the expansion in quark masses, m_c/m_b. Corrections are
calculated for the total decay rate as well as for the first two moments of the
lepton energy and the hadron system energy distributions. Applied to the muon
decay, they decrease its predicted rate by -0.43 ppm.


title:
Cartan's structure of symmetry pseudo-group and coverings for the r-th
  modified dispersionless Kadomtsev--Petviashvili equation

abstract:
  We derive two non-equivalent coverings for the r-th mdKP equation from
Maurer--Cartan forms of its symmetry pseudo-group. Also we find B\"acklund
transformations between the covering equations.


title: Predicting synthetic rescues in metabolic networks

abstract:
  An important goal of medical research is to develop methods to recover the
loss of cellular function due to mutations and other defects. Many approaches
based on gene therapy aim to repair the defective gene or to insert genes with
compensatory function. Here, we propose an alternative, network-based strategy
that aims to restore biological function by forcing the cell to either bypass
the functions affected by the defective gene, or to compensate for the lost
function. Focusing on the metabolism of single-cell organisms, we
computationally study mutants that lack an essential enzyme, and thus are
unable to grow or have a significantly reduced growth rate. We show that
several of these mutants can be turned into viable organisms through additional
gene deletions that restore their growth rate. In a rather counterintuitive
fashion, this is achieved via additional damage to the metabolic network. Using
flux balance-based approaches, we identify a number of synthetically viable
gene pairs, in which the removal of one enzyme-encoding gene results in a
nonviable phenotype, while the deletion of a second enzyme-encoding gene
rescues the organism. The systematic network-based identification of
compensatory rescue effects may open new avenues for genetic interventions.


title: Ground-state of graphene in the presence of random charged impurities

abstract:
  We calculate the carrier density dependent ground state properties of
graphene in the presence of random charged impurities in the substrate taking
into account disorder and interaction effects non-perturbatively on an equal
footing in a self-consistent theoretical formalism. We provide detailed
quantitative results on the dependence of the disorder-induced spatially
inhomogeneous two-dimensional carrier density distribution on the external gate
bias, the impurity density, and the impurity location. We find that the
interplay between disorder and interaction is strong, particularly at lower
impurity densities. We show that for the currently available typical graphene
samples, inhomogeneity dominates graphene physics at low ($\lesssim 10^{12}$
cm$^{-2}$) carrier density with the density fluctuations becoming larger than
the average density.


title:
Interchromatidal central ridge and transversal symmetry in early
  metaphasic human chromosome one

abstract:
  The topographic structure of Giemsa banded (G-banded) early metaphase human
chromosomes adsorbed on glass was analyzed by atomic force microscope using
amplitude modulation mode [AM-AFM]. Longitudinal height measurements for early
metaphasic human chromosomes showed a central ridge that was further
characterized by transversal height measurements. The heterochromatic regions
displayed a high level of transversal symmetry, while the euchromatic ones
presented several peaks across the transversal height measurements. We suggest
that this central ridge and symmetry patterns point out a transitional
arrangement of the early metaphase chromosome and support evidence for
interchromatidal interactions prior to disjunction.


title:
Dynamical scaling of $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$ thin film conductivity in
  zero field

abstract:
  We study dynamic fluctuation effects of $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$ thin films in
zero field around $T_c$ by doing frequency-dependent microwave conductivity
measurements at different powers. The length scales probed in the experiments
are varied systematically allowing us to analyze data which are not affected by
the finite thickness of the films, and to observe single-parameter scaling. DC
current-voltage characteristics have also been measured to independently probe
fluctuations in the same samples. The combination of DC and microwave
measurements allows us to precisely determine critical parameters. Our results
give a dynamical scaling exponent $z=1.55\pm0.15$, which is consistent with
model E-dynamics.


title: New probabilistic interest measures for association rules

abstract:
  Mining association rules is an important technique for discovering meaningful
patterns in transaction databases. Many different measures of interestingness
have been proposed for association rules. However, these measures fail to take
the probabilistic properties of the mined data into account. In this paper, we
start with presenting a simple probabilistic framework for transaction data
which can be used to simulate transaction data when no associations are
present. We use such data and a real-world database from a grocery outlet to
explore the behavior of confidence and lift, two popular interest measures used
for rule mining. The results show that confidence is systematically influenced
by the frequency of the items in the left hand side of rules and that lift
performs poorly to filter random noise in transaction data. Based on the
probabilistic framework we develop two new interest measures, hyper-lift and
hyper-confidence, which can be used to filter or order mined association rules.
The new measures show significantly better performance than lift for
applications where spurious rules are problematic.


title: Preparation and manipulation of molecules for fundamental physics tests

abstract:
  This paper is a chapter from an upcoming book on cold molecule physics. In it
we describe techniques for the preparation and manipulation of cold molecules.
We further describe techniques for applying said cold molecules to tests of
fundamental physics.


title: On one-sided Lie nilpotent ideals of associative rings

abstract:
  We prove that a Lie nilpotent one-sided ideal of an associative ring $R$ is
contained in a Lie solvable two-sided ideal of $R$. An estimation of derived
length of such Lie solvable ideal is obtained depending on the class of Lie
nilpotency of the Lie nilpotent one-sided ideal of $R.$ One-sided Lie nilpotent
ideals contained in ideals generated by commutators of the form $[... [ [r_1,
r_{2}], ... ], r_{n-1}], r_{n}]$ are also studied.


title:
Universal critical behavior in single crystals and films of
  YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$

abstract:
  We have studied the normal-to-superconducting phase transition in
optimally-doped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ in zero external magnetic field
using a variety of different samples and techniques. Using DC transport
measurements, we find that the dynamical critical exponent $z=1.54\pm0.14$, and
the static critical exponent $\nu=0.66\pm0.10$ for both films (when
finite-thickness effects are included in the data analysis) and single crystals
(where finite-thickness effects are unimportant). We also measured thin films
at different microwave frequencies and at different powers, which allowed us to
systematically probe different length scales to avoid finite-thickness effects.
DC transport measurements were also performed on the films used in the
microwave experiments to provide a further consistency check. These microwave
and DC measurements yielded a value of z consistent with the other results,
$z=1.55\pm0.15$. The neglect of finite-thickness, finite-current, and
finite-frequency effects may account for the wide ranges of values for $\nu$
and $z$ previously reported in the literature.


title: On q-deformed gl(l+1)-Whittaker function II

abstract:
  A representation of a specialization of a q-deformed class one lattice
gl(\ell+1}-Whittaker function in terms of cohomology groups of line bundles on
the space QM_d(P^{\ell}) of quasi-maps P^1 to P^{\ell} of degree d is proposed.
For \ell=1, this provides an interpretation of non-specialized q-deformed
gl(2)-Whittaker function in terms of QM_d(\IP^1). In particular the (q-version
of) Mellin-Barnes representation of gl(2)-Whittaker function is realized as a
semi-infinite period map. The explicit form of the period map manifests an
important role of q-version of Gamma-function as a substitute of topological
genus in semi-infinite geometry. A relation with Givental-Lee universal
solution (J-function) of q-deformed gl(2)-Toda chain is also discussed.


title: Theory of Graphene Chiral Quasiparticle LDOS maps

abstract:
  We present a theory of momentum space local density-of-states (LDOS) maps
N(q,omega) in graphene. The LDOS map has both intravalley contributions
centered near zero momentum and reciprocal lattice vectors and intervalley
contributions displaced by the wavevector K'-K which connects graphene's two
distinct Dirac points. Using graphene's Dirac equation chiral quasiparticle
continuum model, we obtain analytic results which explain the qualitative
differences between these two LDOS map features. We comment on the sensitivity
of both N(q,omega) features to the mix of atomic length scale and smooth
disorder sources present in a particular graphene sample.


title: Special Relativity in Quantum Phase Space

abstract:
  A phase space treatment of special relativity of quantum systems is
developed. In this approach a quantum particle remains localized if subject to
inertial transformations, the localization occurring in a finite phase space
area. Unlike non-relativistic transformations, relativistic transformations
generally distort the phase space distribution function, being equivalent to
aberrations in optics.


title: The Chabauty-Coleman bound at a prime of bad reduction

abstract:
  We extend the refined version of the Chabauty-Coleman bound on the number of
rational points on a curve of genus g>1 to the case of bad reduction.


title: Optical self-energy of superconducting Pb in the THz region

abstract:
  New THz data on the optical conductivity of Pb are presented as well as a
detailed Eliashberg analysis with particular emphasis on phonon-assisted
processes not included in a BCS approach. Consideration of the optical
self-energy instead of the conductivity itself helps highlight the differences
with BCS predictions. Predicted coherence peaks are observed in the optical
scattering rates. Impurities enhance the optical effective mass at zero
frequency by an order of magnitude and induce a large peak at twice the gap in
agreement with theory. This work illustrates the usefulness of the optical
self-energy for the analysis of data.


title: Quantum mechanics of superconducting nanowires

abstract:
  In a short superconducting nanowire connected to bulk superconducting leads,
quantum phase slips behave as a system of linearly (as opposed to
logarithmically) interacting charges. This system maps onto quantum mechanics
of a particle in a periodic potential. We show that, while the state with a
high density of phase slips is not a true insulator (a consequence of Josephson
tunneling between the leads), for a range of parameters it behaves as such down
to unobservably small temperatures. We also show that quantum phase slips give
rise to multiple branches (bands) in the energy-current relation and to an
interband ("exciton") mode.


title:
Conceivable helical form of light propagation may signify symmetry
  breaking similar to Jahn-Teller effects

abstract:
  We stress on the similarities between vibronic symmetry-breaking, due to the
mixing of electronic states by phonons and leading to vibronic polarons along a
helix, and the conceivable helical form of light propagation possibly arising
from a symmetry breaking, due to the mixing of fermion states by photons.


title:
Milky Way potentials in CDM and MOND. Is the Large Magellanic Cloud on a
  bound orbit?

abstract:
  We compute the Milky Way potential in different cold dark matter (CDM) based
models, and compare these with the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND)
framework. We calculate the axis ratio of the potential in various models, and
find that isopotentials are less spherical in MOND than in CDM potentials. As
an application of these models, we predict the escape velocity as a function of
the position in the Galaxy. This could be useful in comparing with future data
from planned or already-underway kinematic surveys (RAVE, SDSS, SEGUE, SIM,
GAIA or the hypervelocity stars survey). In addition, the predicted escape
velocity is compared with the recently measured high proper motion velocity of
the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). To bind the LMC to the Galaxy in a MOND
model, while still being compatible with the RAVE-measured local escape speed
at the Sun's position, we show that an external field modulus of less than
$0.03 a_0$ is needed.


title:
L^{2}-restriction bounds for eigenfunctions along curves in the quantum
  completely integrable case

abstract:
  We show that for a quantum completely integrable system in two dimensions,the
$L^{2}$-normalized joint eigenfunctions of the commuting semiclassical
pseudodifferential operators satisfy restriction bounds ofthe form $
\int_{\gamma} |\phi_{j}^{\hbar}|^2 ds = {\mathcal O}(|\log \hbar|)$ for generic
curves $\gamma$ on the surface. We also prove that the maximal restriction
bounds of Burq-Gerard-Tzvetkov are always attained for certain exceptional
subsequences of eigenfunctions.


title: The Determination of alpha_s from Tau Decays Revisited

abstract:
  We revisit the determination of alpha_s(m_tau) using a fit to inclusive tau
hadronic spectral moments in light of (1) the recent calculation of the
fourth-order perturbative coefficient K_4 in the expansion of the Adler
function, (2) new precision measurements from BABAR of e+e- annihilation cross
sections, which decrease the uncertainty in the separation of vector and
axial-vector spectral functions, and (3) improved results from BABAR and Belle
on tau branching fractions involving kaons. We estimate that the fourth-order
perturbative prediction reduces the theoretical uncertainty, introduced by the
truncation of the series, by 20% with respect to earlier determinations. We
discuss to some detail the perturbative prediction and show that the effect of
the incomplete knowledge of the series is reduced by using the so-called
contour-improved calculation, as opposed to fixed-order perturbation theory
which manifests convergence problems. The corresponding theoretical
uncertainties are studied at the tau and Z mass scales. Nonperturbative
contributions extracted from the most inclusive fit are small, in agreement
with earlier determinations. Systematic effects from quark-hadron duality
violation are estimated with simple models and found to be within the quoted
systematic errors. The fit gives alpha_s(m_tau) = 0.344 +- 0.005 +- 0.007,
where the first error is experimental and the second theoretical. After
evolution to M_Z we obtain alpha_s(M_Z) = 0.1212 +- 0.0005 +- 0.0008 +- 0.0005,
where the errors are respectively experimental, theoretical and due to the
evolution. The result is in agreement with the corresponding NNNLO value
derived from essentially the Z width in the global electroweak fit. The
alpha_s(M_Z) determination from tau decays is the most precise one to date.


title: The Corona theorem and stable rank for the algebra $\mC +BH^\infty$

abstract:
  Let $B$ be a Blaschke product. We prove in several different ways the corona
theorem for the algebra $H^\infty_B:=\mC+BH^\infty$. That is, we show the
equivalence of the classical {\em corona condition} on data $f_1, ..., f_n \in
H^\infty_B$:
  \[ \forall z \in \mD, \sum_{k=1}^{n} |f_k(z)| \geq \delta >0, \] and the {\em
solvability of the Bezout equation} for $g_1, ..., g_n \in H^\infty_B$: \[
\forall z\in \mD, \sum_{k=1}^n g_k (z)f_k(z)=1. \] Estimates on solutions to
the Bezout equation are also obtained. We also show that the Bass stable rank
of $H^\infty_B$ is 1. Let $A(\mD)_B$ be the subalgebra of all elements from
$H^\infty_B$ having a continuous extension to the closed unit disk $\bar{\mD}$.
Analogous results are obtained also for $A(\mD)_B$.


title:
Free-fall in a uniform gravitational field in non-commutative quantum
  mechanics

abstract:
  We study the free-fall of a quantum particle in the context of noncommutative
quantum mechanics (NCQM). Assuming noncommutativity of the canonical type
between the coordinates of a two-dimensional configuration space, we consider a
neutral particle trapped in a gravitational well and exactly solve the energy
eigenvalue problem. By resorting to experimental data from the GRANIT
experiment, in which the first energy levels of freely falling quantum
ultracold neutrons were determined, we impose an upper-bound on the
noncommutativity parameter. We also investigate the time of flight of a quantum
particle moving in a uniform gravitational field in NCQM. This is related to
the weak equivalence principle. As we consider stationary, energy eigenstates,
i.e., delocalized states, the time of flight must be measured by a quantum
clock, suitably coupled to the particle. By considering the clock as a small
perturbation, we solve the (stationary) scattering problem associated and show
that the time of flight is equal to the classical result, when the measurement
is made far from the turning point. This result is interpreted as an extension
of the equivalence principle to the realm of NCQM.


title: Dark Energy and the Accelerating Universe

abstract:
  The discovery ten years ago that the expansion of the Universe is
accelerating put in place the last major building block of the present
cosmological model, in which the Universe is composed of 4% baryons, 20% dark
matter, and 76% dark energy. At the same time, it posed one of the most
profound mysteries in all of science, with deep connections to both
astrophysics and particle physics. Cosmic acceleration could arise from the
repulsive gravity of dark energy -- for example, the quantum energy of the
vacuum -- or it may signal that General Relativity breaks down on cosmological
scales and must be replaced. We review the present observational evidence for
cosmic acceleration and what it has revealed about dark energy, discuss the
various theoretical ideas that have been proposed to explain acceleration, and
describe the key observational probes that will shed light on this enigma in
the coming years.


title:
Poincare Recurrence, Zermelo's Second Law Paradox, and Probabilistic
  Origin in Statistical Mechanics

abstract:
  We show that Poincare recurrence does not mean that the entropy will
eventually decrease, contrary to the claim of Zermelo, and that the
probabilitistic origin in statistical physics must lie in the external noise,
and not the preparation of the system.


title:
Conservation and persistence of spin currents and their relation to the
  Lieb-Schulz-Mattis twist operators

abstract:
  Systems with spin-orbit coupling do not conserve "bare" spin current
$\bf{j}$. A recent proposal for a conserved spin current $\bf{J}$ [J. Shi {\it
et.al} Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 96}, 076604 (2006)] does not flow persistently in
equilibrium. We suggest another conserved spin current $\bar{\bf{J}}$ that may
flow persistently in equilibrium. We give two arguments for the instability of
persistent current of the form $\bf{J}$: one based on the equations of motions
and another based on a variational construction using Lieb-Schulz-Mattis twist
operators. In the absence of spin-orbit coupling, the three forms of spin
current coincide.


title:
Kahler geometry on toric manifolds, and some other manifolds with large
  symmetry

abstract:
  This is an expository article. Among other topics, we discuss the existence
of Kahler-Ricci soliton metrics on toric Fano manifolds, and Kahler-Einstein
metrics on deformations of the Mukai-Umemura 3-fold


title:
Achieving sub-diffraction imaging through bound surface states in
  negative-refracting photonic crystals at the near-infrared

abstract:
  We report the observation of imaging beyond the diffraction limit due to
bound surface states in negative refraction photonic crystals. We achieve an
effective negative index figure-of-merit [-Re(n)/Im(n)] of at least 380, ~125x
improvement over recent efforts in the near-infrared, with a 0.4 THz bandwidth.
Supported by numerical and theoretical analyses, the observed near-field
resolution is 0.47 lambda, clearly smaller than the diffraction limit of 0.61
lambda. Importantly, we show this sub-diffraction imaging is due to the
resonant excitation of surface slab modes, allowing refocusing of
non-propagating evanescent waves.


title: Numerical approximations to extremal metrics on toric surfaces

abstract:
  We give some detailed numerical information about extremal metrics on four
different toric surfaces. These are sample of many other cases which can be
treated using a computer programme outlined in the paper.


title: Faster Approximate Lossy Generalized Flow via Interior Point Algorithms

abstract:
  We present faster approximation algorithms for generalized network flow
problems. A generalized flow is one in which the flow out of an edge differs
from the flow into the edge by a constant factor. We limit ourselves to the
lossy case, when these factors are at most 1.
  Our algorithm uses a standard interior-point algorithm to solve a linear
program formulation of the network flow problem. The system of linear equations
that arises at each step of the interior-point algorithm takes the form of a
symmetric M-matrix. We present an algorithm for solving such systems in nearly
linear time. The algorithm relies on the Spielman-Teng nearly linear time
algorithm for solving linear systems in diagonally-dominant matrices.
  For a graph with m edges, our algorithm obtains an additive epsilon
approximation of the maximum generalized flow and minimum cost generalized flow
in time tildeO(m^(3/2) * log(1/epsilon)). In many parameter ranges, this
improves over previous algorithms by a factor of approximately m^(1/2). We also
obtain a similar improvement for exactly solving the standard min-cost flow
problem.


title:
On the Momentum Diffusion of Radiating Ultrarelativistic Electrons in a
  Turbulent Magnetic Field

abstract:
  Here we investigate some aspects of stochastic acceleration of
ultrarelativistic electrons by magnetic turbulence. In particular, we discuss
the steady-state energy spectra of particles undergoing momentum diffusion due
to resonant interactions with turbulent MHD modes, taking rigorously into
account direct energy losses connected with different radiative cooling
processes. For the magnetic turbulence we assume a given power spectrum of the
type $W(k) \propto k^{-q}$. In contrast to the previous approaches, however, we
assume a finite range of turbulent wavevectors $k$, consider a variety of
turbulence spectral indexes $1 =< q =< 2$, and concentrate on the case of a
very inefficient particle escape from the acceleration site. We find that for
different cooling and injection conditions, stochastic acceleration processes
tend to establish a modified ultrarelativistic Maxwellian distribution of
radiating particles, with the high-energy exponential cut-off shaped by the
interplay between cooling and acceleration rates. For example, if the timescale
for the dominant radiative process scales with the electron momentum as
$\propto p^r$, the resulting electron energy distribution is of the form
$n_e(p) \propto p^2 exp[ - (1 / a) (p / p_eq)^a]$, where $a = 2-q-r$, and
$p_eq$ is the equilibrium momentum defined by the balance between stochastic
acceleration and energy losses timescales. We also discuss in more detail the
synchrotron and inverse-Compton emission spectra produced by such an electron
energy distribution, taking into account Klein-Nishina effects. We point out
that the curvature of the high frequency segments of these spectra, even though
being produced by the same population of electrons, may be substantially
different between the synchrotron and inverse-Compton components.


title: A new approach to the solar oxygen abundance problem

abstract:
  In this work we present new data that sets strong constraints on the solar
oxygen abundance. Our approach, based on the analysis of spectro-polarimetric
observations, is almost model-independent and therefore extremely robust. The
asymmetry of the Stokes V profile of the 6300 A [OI] and NiI blend is used as
an indicator of the relative abundances of these two elements. The peculiar
shape of the profile requires a value of EO = 730+/-100 ppm (parts per
million), or logEO = 8.86+/-0.07 in the logarithmic scale commonly used in
Astrophysics. The uncertainty range includes the model dependence as well as
uncertainties in the oscillator strengths of the lines. We emphasize that the
very low degree of model dependence in our analysis makes it very reliable
compared to traditional determinations.


title: Easy Proofs of Some Borwein Algorithms for $\pi$

abstract:
  In 1987 Jonathan and Peter Borwein, inspired by the works of Ramanujan,
derived many efficient algorithms for computing $\pi$. We will see that by
using only a formula of Gauss's and elementary algebra we are able to prove the
correctness of two of them.


title:
Discovery of the Color Degree of Freedom in Particle Physics: a Personal
  Perspective

abstract:
  I review the main features of the color charge degree of freedom in particle
physics, sketch the paradox in the early quark model that led to color, give a
personal perspective on the discovery of color and describe the introduction of
the gauge theory of color.


title: Spin inversion devices with Fano anti-resonances

abstract:
  Analyzing spin transport of quasi-2D electrons gas moving through a
semiconductor wave guide subject to a sectionally homogeneous tilted magnetic
field, we found well-defined selection rules for resonant and antiresonant spin
carrier transmission. Based on these selection rules and the band shift induced
by the magnetic field strength and the tilting angles, we propose an efficient
spin inversion device. For a polarized incoming electron beam, we can determine
from our theoretical approach, physical conditions for spin-inversion
efficiency up to 80%. We visualize this mechanism in terms of conductance and
the spacial behavior of the wave function amplitude along the superlattice.


title: Tight-Binding Theory of Manganese and Iron Oxides

abstract:
  The electronic structure is found to be understandable in terms of free-atom
term values and universal interorbital coupling parameters, since
self-consistent tight-binding calculations indicate that Coulomb shifts of the
d-state energies are small. Special-point averages over the bands are seen to
be equivalent to treatment of local octahedral clusters. The cohesive energy
per manganese for MnO, Mn2O3, and MnO2, in which manganese exists in valence
states Mn2+, Mn3+, and Mn4+, is very nearly the same and dominated by the
transfer of manganese s electrons to oxygen p states. There are small
corrections, one eV per Mn in all cases, from couplings of minority-spin
states. Transferring one majority-spin electron from an upper cluster state to
a nonbonding oxygen state adds 1.67 eV to the cohesion for Mn2O3, and two
transfers adds twice that for MnO2 . The electronic and magnetic properties are
consistent with this description and appear to be understandable in terms of
the same parameters.


title: Cross sections for low-energy $\pi^-\gamma$ reactions

abstract:
  We review the cross sections for low-energy $\pi^- \gamma$ reactions in the
framework of chiral perturbation theory. Charged pion Compton scattering,
$\pi^- \gamma\to \pi^-\gamma$, is considered up to one-loop order where the
pion's internal structure enters through the difference of the electric and
magnetic pion polarizability, $\alpha_\pi - \beta_\pi$. The ongoing COMPASS
experiment aims at measuring this important structure constant with high
statistics using the Primakoff effect. In the same way, the reaction $\pi^-
\gamma \to \pi^- \pi^0$ serves as a test of the QCD chiral anomaly (via the
$\gamma 3\pi$-coupling constant $F_{\gamma3\pi}$). Furthermore, we calculate
the total cross sections for neutral and charged pion-pair production, $\pi^-
\gamma \to \pi^- \pi^0\pi^0$ and $\pi^- \gamma \to \pi^-\pi^+\pi^-$, which are
governed by the chiral $\pi\pi$-interaction. Finally, we investigate the
radiative (correction) process $\pi^- \gamma \to \pi^- \gamma \gamma$ and
calculate the corresponding two-photon mass spectrum. This information will be
useful for analyzing the $\pi^-$ Primakoff scattering events with photons in
the final state.


title: Production of Single Heavy Charged Leptons at a Linear Collider

abstract:
  A sequential fourth generation of quarks and leptons is allowed by precision
electroweak constraints if the mass splitting between the heavy quarks is
between 50 and 80 GeV. Although heavy quarks can be easily detected at the LHC,
it is very difficult to detect a sequential heavy charged lepton, L, due to
large backgrounds. Should the L mass be above 250 GeV, it can not be
pair-produced at a 500 GeV ILC. We calculate the cross section for the one-loop
process e+e- -> L tau. Although the cross section is small, it may be
detectable. We also consider contributions from the two Higgs doublet model and
the Randall-Sundrum model, in which case the cross section can be substantially
higher.


title:
A new method to separate star forming from AGN galaxies at intermediate
  redshift: The submillijansky radio population in the VLA-COSMOS survey

abstract:
  We explore the properties of the submillijansky radio population at 20 cm by
applying a newly developed optical color-based method to separate star forming
(SF) from AGN galaxies at intermediate redshifts (z<1.3). Although optical
rest-frame colors are used, our separation method is shown to be efficient, and
not biased against dusty starburst galaxies. This classification method has
been calibrated and tested on a local radio selected optical sample. Given
accurate multi-band photometry and redshifts, it carries the potential to be
generally applicable to any galaxy sample where SF and AGN galaxies are the two
dominant populations.
  In order to quantify the properties of the submillijansky radio population,
we have analyzed ~2,400 radio sources, detected at 20 cm in the VLA-COSMOS
survey. 90% of these have submillijansky flux densities. We classify the
objects into 1) star candidates, 2) quasi stellar objects, 3) AGN, 4) SF, and
5) high redshift (z>1.3) galaxies. We find, for the composition of the
submillijansky radio population, that SF galaxies are not the dominant
population at submillijansky flux levels, as previously often assumed, but that
they make up an approximately constant fraction of 30-40% in the flux density
range of ~50 microJy to 0.7 mJy. In summary, based on the entire VLA-COSMOS
radio population at 20 cm, we find that the radio population at these flux
densities is a mixture of roughly 30-40% of SF and 50-60% of AGN galaxies, with
a minor contribution (~10%) of QSOs.


title:
AB-Contexts and Stability for Gorenstein Flat Modules with Respect to
  Semidualizing Modules

abstract:
  We investigate the properties of categories of G_C-flat R-modules where C is
a semidualizing module over a commutative noetherian ring R. We prove that the
category of all G_C-flat R-modules is part of a weak AB-context, in the
terminology of Hashimoto. In particular, this allows us to deduce the existence
of certain Auslander-Buchweitz approximations for R-modules of finite G_C-flat
dimension. We also prove that two procedures for building R-modules from
complete resolutions by certain subcategories of G_C-flat R-modules yield only
the modules in the original subcategories.


title: Bounding the Size and Probability of Epidemics on Networks

abstract:
  We consider an infectious disease spreading along the edges of a network
which may have significant clustering. The individuals in the population have
heterogeneous infectiousness and/or susceptibility. We define the
out-transmissibility of a node to be the marginal probability that it would
infect a randomly chosen neighbor given its infectiousness and the distribution
of susceptibility. For a given distribution of out-transmissibility, we find
the conditions which give the upper [or lower] bounds on size and probability
of an epidemic, under weak assumptions on the transmission properties, but very
general assumptions on the network. We find similar bounds for a given
distribution of in-transmissibility (the marginal probability of being infected
by a neighbor). We also find conditions giving global upper bounds on size and
probability. The distributions leading to these bounds are network-independent.
In the special case of networks with high girth (locally tree-like), we are
able to prove stronger results. In general the probability and size of
epidemics are maximal when the population is homogeneous and minimal when the
variance of in- or out-transmissibility is maximal.


title:
Orbital magnetism in transition-metal systems: The role of local
  correlation effects

abstract:
  The influence of correlation effects on the orbital moments for transition
metals and their alloys is studied by first-principle relativistic Density
Functional Theory in combination with the Dynamical Mean-Field Theory. In
contrast to the previous studies based on the orbital polarization corrections
we obtain an improved description of the orbital moments for wide range of
studied systems as bulk Fe, Co and Ni, Fe-Co disordered alloys and 3$d$
impurities in Au. The proposed scheme can give simultaneously a correct
dynamical description of the spectral function as well as static magnetic
properties of correlated disordered metals.


title:
Scaling rules in the science system: influence of field-specific
  citation characteristics on the impact of individual researchers

abstract:
  The representation of science as a citation-density landscape and the study
of scaling rules with the field-specific citation-density as a main topological
property was previously analysed at the level of research groups. Here the
focus is on the individual researcher. In this new analysis, the
size-dependence of several main bibliometric indicators for a large set of
individual researchers is explored. Similar results as those previously
observed for research groups are here described for individual researchers,
reinforcing the idea of prevalent scaling rules in the representation of
science as a citation-density landscape. Differences among thematic areas with
different citation densities are discussed.


title:
The optical spectra of 24 micron galaxies in the COSMOS field: I.
  Spitzer/MIPS bright sources in the zCOSMOS-bright 10k catalogue

abstract:
  We study zCOSMOS-bright optical spectra for 609 Spitzer/MIPS 24
micron-selected galaxies with S(24um)> 0.30 mJy and I<22.5 (AB mag) over 1.5
sq. deg. of the COSMOS field. From emission-line diagnostics we find that: 1)
star-formation rates (SFR) derived from the observed Halpha and Hbeta lines
underestimate, on average, the total SFR by factors ~5 and 10, respectively; 2)
both the Calzetti et al. and the Milky Way reddening laws are suitable to
describe the extinction observed in infrared (IR) sources in most cases; 3)
some IR galaxies at z<0.3 have low abundances, but many others with similar IR
luminosities and redshifts are chemically enriched; 4) The average [OIII]/Hbeta
ratios of nuLnu(24um)>10^11 Lsun galaxies at 0.6<z<0.7 are ~0.6 dex higher than
the average ratio of all zCOSMOS galaxies at similar redshifts. Massive star
formation and active galactic nuclei (AGN) could simultaneously be present in
those galaxies with the highest ionising fluxes; 5) ~1/3 of the galaxies with
metallicity measurements at 0.5<z<0.7 lie below the general mass-metallicity
relation at the corresponding redshifts. The strengths of the 4000 Angstrom
break and the Hdelta EW of our galaxies show that secondary bursts of star
formation are needed to explain the spectral properties of most IR sources. The
LIRG and ULIRG phases occur, on average, between 10^7 and 10^8 years after the
onset of a starburst on top of underlying older stellar populations. These
results are valid for galaxies of different IR luminosities at 0.6<z<1.0 and
seem independent of the mechanisms triggering star formation.


title: A comparison of finite element and atomistic modelling of fracture

abstract:
  Are the cohesive laws of interfaces sufficient for modelling fracture in
polycrystals using the cohesive zone model? We examine this question by
comparing a fully atomistic simulation of a silicon polycrystal to a finite
element simulation with a similar overall geometry. The cohesive laws used in
the finite element simulation are measured atomistically. We describe in detail
how to convert the output of atomistic grain boundary fracture simulations into
the piecewise linear form needed by a cohesive zone model. We discuss the
effects of grain boundary microparameters (the choice of section of the
interface, the translations of the grains relative to one another, and the
cutting plane of each lattice orientation) on the cohesive laws and polycrystal
fracture. We find that the atomistic simulations fracture at lower levels of
external stress, indicating that the initiation of fracture in the atomistic
simulations is likely dominated by irregular atomic structures at external
faces, internal edges, corners, and junctions of grains. Thus, cohesive
properties of interfaces alone are likely not sufficient for modelling the
fracture of polycrystals using continuum methods.


title: Mathematical Support to Braneworld Theory

abstract:
  The braneworld theory appear with the purpose of solving the problem of the
hierarchy of the fundamental interactions. The perspectives of the theory
emerge as a new physics, for example, deviation of the law of Newton's gravity.
One of the principles of the theory is to suppose that the braneworld is local
submanifold in a space of high dimension, the bulk, solution of Einstein's
equations in high dimension. In this paper we approach the mathematical
consistency of this theory with a new proof of the fundamental theorem of
submanifolds for case of semi-Riemannian manifolds. This theorem consist an
essential mathematical support for this new theory. We find the integrability
conditions for the existence of space-time submanifolds in a pseudo-Euclidean
space.
  Keywords: Submanifolds, Braneworld, Pseudo-Riemannian geometry


title:
The energy spectrum of all-particle cosmic rays around the knee region
  observed with the Tibet-III air-shower array

abstract:
  We have already reported the first result on the all-particle spectrum around
the knee region based on data from 2000 November to 2001 October observed by
the Tibet-III air-shower array. In this paper, we present an updated result
using data set collected in the period from 2000 November through 2004 October
in a wide range over 3 decades between $10^{14}$ eV and $10^{17}$ eV, in which
the position of the knee is clearly seen at around 4 PeV. The spectral index is
-2.68 $\pm$ 0.02(stat.) below 1PeV, while it is -3.12 $\pm$ 0.01(stat.) above 4
PeV in the case of QGSJET+HD model, and various systematic errors are under
study now.


title: Lipschitz perturbations of differentiable implicit functions

abstract:
  Let $y=f(x)$ be a continuously differentiable implicit function solving the
equation $F(x,y)=0$ with continuously differentiable $F.$ In this paper we show
that if $F_\eps$ is a Lipschitz function such that the Lipschitz constant of
$F_\eps-F$ goes to 0 as $\eps\to 0$ then the equation $F_\eps(x,y)=0$ has a
Lipschitz solution $y=f_\eps(x)$ such that the Lipschitz constant of $f_\eps-f$
goes to 0 as $\eps\to 0$ either. As an application we evaluate the length of
time intervals where the right hand parts of some nonautonomous discontinuous
systems of ODEs are continuously differentiable with respect to state
variables. The latter is done as a preparatory step toward generalizing the
second Bogolyubov's theorem for discontinuous systems.


title:
Analytical expressions of 3 and 4-loop sunrise Feynman integrals and
  4-dimensional lattice integrals

abstract:
  In this paper we continue the work begun in 2002 on the identification of the
analytical expressions of Feynman integrals which require the evaluation of
multiple elliptic integrals. We rewrite and simplify the analytical expression
of the 3-loop self-mass integral with three equal masses and on-shell external
momentum. We collect and analyze a number of results on double and triple
elliptic integrals. By using very high-precision numerical fits, for the first
time we are able to identify a very compact analytical expression for the
4-loop on-shell self-mass integral with 4 equal masses, that is one of the
master integrals of the 4-loop electron g-2. Moreover, we fit the analytical
expressions of some integrals which appear in lattice perturbation theory, and
in particular the 4-dimensional generalized Watson integral.


title:
On Mitropol'skii Yu.A.'s Theorem on Periodic Solutions of Systems of
  Nonlinear Differential Equations with Non-Differentiable Right-Hand-Sides

abstract: The smooth second Bogolyubov's theorem is generalized for Lipschitz systems.


title: Mini-conference on angular momentum transport in laboratory and nature

abstract:
  This paper provides a concise summary of the current status of the research
and future perspectives discussed in the Mini-Conference on Angular Momentum
Transport in Laboratory and Nature. This Mini-conference, sponsored by the
Topical Group on Plasma Astrophysics, was held as part of the American Physical
Society's Division of Plasma Physics 2007 Annual Meeting (November 12--16,
2007). This Mini-conference covers a wide range of phenomena happening in
fluids and plasmas, either in laboratory or in nature. The purpose of this
paper is not to comprehensively review these phenomena, but to provide a
starting point for interested readers to refer to related research in areas
other than their own.


title: Generating correlated (2+1)-photon in an active Raman gain medium

abstract:
  A scheme of generating controllable (2+1) photons in a double-$% \Lambda$
atomic system based on active-Raman-gain is presented in this paper. Such (2+1)
photons can be a potential candidate to generate a correlated photon pair as
the photon `1' acts as a trigger. Compared to other schemes of generating
correlated photon pairs, our scheme exhibits a number of advantages due to the
exploit of the stimulated Raman process.


title: Rank three bipartite entangled states are distillable

abstract:
  We prove that the bipartite entangled state of rank three is distillable. So
there is no rank three bipartite bound entangled state. By using this fact, We
present some families of rank four states that are distillable. We also analyze
the relation between the low rank state and the Werner state.


title:
Quantitative uniqueness for the power of Laplacian with singular
  coefficients

abstract:
  In this paper we study the local behavior of a solution to the $l$th power of
Laplacian with singular coefficients in lower order terms. We obtain a bound on
the vanishing order of the nontrivial solution. Our proofs use Carleman
estimates with carefully chosen weights. We will derive appropriate
three-sphere inequalities and apply them to obtain doubling inequalities and
the maximal vanishing order.


title: Cosmological Evolution of Dirac-Born-Infeld Field

abstract:
  We investigate the cosmological evolution of the system of a
Dirac-Born-Infeld field plus a perfect fluid. We analyze the existence and
stability of scaling solutions for the AdS throat and the quadratic potential.
We find that the scaling solutions exist when the equation of state of the
perfect fluid is negative and in the ultra-relativistic limit.


title: N=8 Dyon Partition Function and Walls of Marginal Stability

abstract:
  We construct the partition function of 1/8 BPS dyons in type II string theory
on T^6 from counting of microstates of a D1-D5 system in Taub-NUT space. Our
analysis extends the earlier ones by Shih, Strominger and Yin and by Pioline by
taking into account the walls of marginal stability on which a 1/8 BPS dyon can
decay into a pair of half-BPS dyons. Across these walls the dyon spectrum
changes discontinuously, and as a result the spectrum is not manifestly
invariant under S-duality transformation of the charges. However the partition
function is manifestly S-duality invariant and takes the same form in all
domains of the moduli space separated by walls of marginal stability, -- the
spectra in different domains being obtained by choosing different integration
contours along which we carry out the Fourier transform of the partition
function. The jump in the spectrum across a wall of marginal stability,
calculated from the behaviour of the partition function at an appropriate pole,
reproduces the expected wall crossing formula.


title:
The Li-Yau-Hamilton Estimate and the Yang-Mills Heat Equation on
  Manifolds with Boundary

abstract:
  The paper pursues two connected goals. Firstly, we establish the
Li-Yau-Hamilton estimate for the heat equation on a manifold $M$ with nonempty
boundary. Results of this kind are typically used to prove monotonicity
formulas related to geometric flows. Secondly, we establish bounds for a
solution $\nabla(t)$ of the Yang-Mills heat equation in a vector bundle over
$M$. The Li-Yau-Hamilton estimate is utilized in the proofs. Our results imply
that the curvature of $\nabla(t)$ does not blow up if the dimension of $M$ is
less than 4 or if the initial energy of $\nabla(t)$ is sufficiently small.


title:
Topological properties of Abelian and non-Abelian quantum Hall states
  from the pattern of zeros

abstract:
  It has been shown that different Abelian and non-Abelian fraction quantum
Hall states can be characterized by patterns of zeros described by sequences of
integers {S_a}. In this paper, we will show how to use the data {S_a} to
calculate various topological properties of the corresponding fraction quantum
Hall state, such as the number of possible quasiparticle types and their
quantum numbers, as well as the actions of the quasiparticle tunneling and
modular transformations on the degenerate ground states on torus.

categories: cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.str-el math-ph math.MP


title:
Realizing quantum controlled phase-flip gate through quantum dot in
  silicon slow-light photonic crystal waveguide

abstract:
  We propose a scheme to realize controlled phase gate between two single
photons through a single quantum dot in slow-light silicon photonic crystal
waveguide. Enhanced Purcell factor and beta factor lead to high gate fidelity
over broadband frequencies compared to cavity-assisted system. The excellent
physical integration of this silicon photonic crystal waveguide system provides
tremendous potential for large-scale quantum information processing.


title: Positroids and Schubert matroids

abstract:
  Postnikov gave a combinatorial description of the cells in a
totally-nonnegative Grassmannian. These cells correspond to a special class of
matroids called positroid. We prove his conjecture that a positroid is exactly
an intersection of permuted Schubert matroids. This leads to a nice
combinatorial description of positroids that is easily computable.


title: The Disk Population of the Chamaeleon I Star-Forming Region

abstract:
  We present a census of circumstellar disks in the Chamaeleon I star-forming
region. Using the Infrared Array Camera and the Multiband Imaging Photometer
onboard the Spitzer Space Telescope, we have obtained images of Chamaeleon I at
3.6, 4.5, 5.8, 8.0, and 24 um. To search for new disk-bearing members of the
cluster, we have performed spectroscopy on objects that have red colors in
these data. Through this work, we have discovered four new members of
Chamaeleon I with spectral types of M4, M6, M7.5, and L0. The first three
objects are highly embedded (A_J~5) and reside near known protostars,
indicating that they may be among the youngest low-mass sources in the cluster
(<1 Myr). The L0 source is the coolest known member of Chamaeleon I. Its
luminosity implies a mass of 0.004-0.01 M_sun, making it the least massive
brown dwarf for which a circumstellar disk has been reliably detected. To
characterize the disk population in Chamaeleon I, we have classified the
infrared spectral energy distributions of the 203 known members that are
encompassed by the Spitzer images. Through these classifications, we find that
the disk fraction in Chamaeleon I is roughly constant at ~50% from 0.01 to 0.3
M_sun. These data are similar to the disk fraction of IC 348, which is a denser
cluster at the same age as Chamaeleon I. However, the disk fraction at M>1
M_sun is significantly higher in Chamaeleon I than in IC 348 (65% vs. 20%),
indicating longer disk lifetimes in Chamaeleon I for this mass range. Thus,
low-density star-forming regions like Chamaeleon I may offer more time for
planet formation around solar-type stars than denser clusters.


title:
Analytic solutions to the accretion of a rotating finite cloud towards a
  central object I. Newtonian approach

abstract:
  We construct a steady analytic accretion flow model for a finite rotating gas
cloud that accretes material to a central gravitational object. The pressure
gradients of the flow are considered to be negligible and so, the flow is
ballistic. We also assume a steady flow and consider the particles at the
boundary of the spherical cloud to be rotating as a rigid body, with a fixed
amount of inwards radial velocity. This represents a generalisation to the
traditional infinite gas cloud model described by Ulrich (1976). We show that
the streamlines and density profiles obtained deviate largely from the ones
calculated by Ulrich. The extra freedom in the choice of the parameters on the
model can naturally account for the study of protostars formed in dense
clusters by triggered mechanisms, where a wide variety of external physical
mechanisms determine the boundary conditions. Also, as expected, the model
predicts the formation of an equatorial accretion disc about the central object
with a radius different from the one calculated by Ulrich (1976).


title: Geometric second derivative estimates in Carnot groups and convexity

abstract:
  We prove some new a priori estimates for H_2-convex functions which are zero
on the boundary of a bounded smooth domain \Omega in a Carnot group G. Such
estimates are global and are geometric in nature as they involve the horizontal
mean curvature \mathcal H of the boundary of \Omega. As a consequence of our
bounds we show that if G has step two, then for any smooth $H_2$-convex
function in \Omega \subset G vanishing on the boundary of \Omega one has
  \sum_{i,j=1}^m \int_\Omega ([X_i,X_j]u)^2 dg \leq {4/3} \int_{\partial
\Omega} \mathcal H |\nabla_H u|^2 d\sigma_H .


title:
Semiclassical Treatment of Induced Schwinger Processes at Finite
  Temperature

abstract:
  We consider induced pair production in an external field at finite
temperature. One-loop correction to the Green function of a meson is calculated
semiclassically within the framework of saddle-point analysis of Schwinger
proper time integrals. This correction appears to be exponentially small in
terms of inverse temperature dependence. Low-temperature limit is shown to be
in full agreement with previously obtained zero-temperature results. The
corrections in the low-temperature limits are estimated up to the leading
exponential and pre-exponential terms. Comparison is made to earlier
calculations of vacuum decay.


title:
Oscillatory dynamics in evolutionary games are suppressed by
  heterogeneous adaptation rates of players

abstract:
  Game dynamics in which three or more strategies are cyclically competitive,
as represented by the rock-scissors-paper game, have attracted practical and
theoretical interests. In evolutionary dynamics, cyclic competition results in
oscillatory dynamics of densities of individual strategists. In finite-size
populations, it is known that oscillations blow up until all but one strategies
are eradicated if without mutation. In the present paper, we formalize
replicator dynamics with players that have different adaptation rates. We show
analytically and numerically that the heterogeneous adaptation rate suppresses
the oscillation amplitude. In social dilemma games with cyclically competing
strategies and homogeneous adaptation rates, altruistic strategies are often
relatively weak and cannot survive in finite-size populations. In such
situations, heterogeneous adaptation rates save coexistence of different
strategies and hence promote altruism. When one strategy dominates the others
without cyclic competition, fast adaptors earn more than slow adaptors. When
not, mixture of fast and slow adaptors stabilizes population dynamics, and slow
adaptation does not imply inefficiency for a player.


title: Separation of variables in the generalized 4th Appelrot class

abstract:
  We consider the analogue of the 4th Appelrot class of motions of the
Kowalevski top for the case of two constant force fields. The trajectories of
this family fill the four-dimensional surface O^4 in the six-dimensional phase
space. The constants of three first integrals in involution restricted to this
surface fill one of the sheets of the bifurcation diagram in R^3. We point out
the pair of partial integrals to obtain the explicit parametric equations of
this sheet. The induced system on O^4 is shown to be Hamiltonian with two
degrees of freedom having the thin set of points where the induced symplectic
structure degenerates. The region of existence of motions in terms of the
integral constants is found. We provide the separation of variables on O^4 and
the algebraic formulae for the initial phase variables.


title:
Asymptotic Concentration Behaviors of Linear Combinations of Weight
  Distributions on Random Linear Code Ensemble

abstract:
  Asymptotic concentration behaviors of linear combinations of weight
distributions on the random linear code ensemble are presented. Many important
properties of a binary linear code can be expressed as the form of a linear
combination of weight distributions such as number of codewords, undetected
error probability and upper bound on the maximum likelihood error probability.
The key in this analysis is the covariance formula of weight distributions of
the random linear code ensemble, which reveals the second-order statistics of a
linear function of the weight distributions. Based on the covariance formula,
several expressions of the asymptotic concentration rate, which indicate the
speed of convergence to the average, are derived.


title:
Specific heat and electronic states of superconducting boron-doped
  silicon carbide

abstract:
  The discoveries of superconductivity in the heavily-boron doped
semiconductors diamond (C:B) in 2004 and silicon (Si:B) in 2006 have renewed
the interest in the physics of the superconducting state of doped
semiconductors. Recently, we discovered superconductivity in the closely
related ''mixed'' system heavily boron-doped silcon carbide (SiC:B).
Interestingly, the latter compound is a type-I superconductor whereas the two
aforementioned materials are type-II. In this paper we present an extensive
analysis of our recent specific-heat study, as well as the band structure and
expected Fermi surfaces. We observe an apparent quadratic temperature
dependence of the electronic specific heat in the superconducting state.
Possible reasons are a nodal gap structure or a residual density of states due
to non-superconducting parts of the sample. The basic superconducting
parameters are estimated in a Ginzburg-Landau framework. We compare and discuss
our results with those reported for C:B and Si:B. Finally, we comment on
possible origins of the difference in the superconductivity of SiC:B compared
to the two ''parent'' materials C:B and Si:B.


title:
Isoscaling in Reactions on Enriched Tin Isotopes and Nuclear Symmetry
  Energy

abstract:
  Isospin effects in 12C ion induced reactions on enriched tin isotopes are
investigated. The isoscaling parameter B is determined for different mass
regions of product nuclei. It is shown that the isoscaling parameter is
sensitive to the formation mechanism of products, and increases as the
difference in the asymmetry is increasing. Using the exitatation energy
obtained with the catcher technique temperatures, density ratio ro/ro0 for
product nuclei in different mass regions and the values of symmetry energy
coefficient for light mass regions of product nuclei for proton and deuteron
induced reactions are determined.


title:
One class of solutions with two invariant relations for the problem of
  motion of the Kowalevski top in double constant field

abstract:
  Consider a rigid body having a fixed point in a superposition of two constant
force fields (for example, gravitational and magnetic). Introducing the
condition of Kowalevski type, O.I.Bogoyavlensky (1984) has found the first
integral generalizing that of Kowalevski and pointed out the integrable case
with two invariant relations, which reduces to the 1st Appelrot class when one
of the fields vanishes. The article presents a new case with two invariant
relations integrable in Jacobi sense and generalizing the 2nd and 3rd classes
of Appelrot.


title: Multiple integral representation for functionals of Dirichlet processes

abstract:
  We point out that a proper use of the Hoeffding--ANOVA decomposition for
symmetric statistics of finite urn sequences, previously introduced by the
author, yields a decomposition of the space of square-integrable functionals of
a Dirichlet--Ferguson process, written $L^2(D)$, into orthogonal subspaces of
multiple integrals of increasing order. This gives an isomorphism between
$L^2(D)$ and an appropriate Fock space over a class of deterministic functions.
By means of a well-known result due to Blackwell and MacQueen, we show that
each element of the $n$th orthogonal space of multiple integrals can be
represented as the $L^2$ limit of $U$-statistics with degenerate kernel of
degree $n$. General formulae for the decomposition of a given functional are
provided in terms of linear combinations of conditioned expectations whose
coefficients are explicitly computed. We show that, in simple cases, multiple
integrals have a natural representation in terms of Jacobi polynomials. Several
connections are established, in particular with Bayesian decision problems, and
with some classic formulae concerning the transition densities of multiallele
diffusion models, due to Littler and Fackerell, and Griffiths. Our results may
also be used to calculate the best approximation of elements of $L^2(D)$ by
means of $U$-statistics of finite vectors of exchangeable observations.


title: Robust Stochastic Chemical Reaction Networks and Bounded Tau-Leaping

abstract:
  The behavior of some stochastic chemical reaction networks is largely
unaffected by slight inaccuracies in reaction rates. We formalize the
robustness of state probabilities to reaction rate deviations, and describe a
formal connection between robustness and efficiency of simulation. Without
robustness guarantees, stochastic simulation seems to require computational
time proportional to the total number of reaction events. Even if the
concentration (molecular count per volume) stays bounded, the number of
reaction events can be linear in the duration of simulated time and total
molecular count. We show that the behavior of robust systems can be predicted
such that the computational work scales linearly with the duration of simulated
time and concentration, and only polylogarithmically in the total molecular
count. Thus our asymptotic analysis captures the dramatic speedup when
molecular counts are large, and shows that for bounded concentrations the
computation time is essentially invariant with molecular count. Finally, by
noticing that even robust stochastic chemical reaction networks are capable of
embedding complex computational problems, we argue that the linear dependence
on simulated time and concentration is likely optimal.


title: Five-Dimensional Black Hole Capture Cross-Sections

abstract:
  We study scattering and capture of particles by a rotating black hole in the
five-dimensional spacetime described by the Myers-Perry metric. The equations
of geodesic motion are integrable, and allow us to calculate capture conditions
for a free particle sent towards a black hole from infinity. We introduce a
three-dimensional impact parameter describing asymptotic initial conditions in
the scattering problem for a given initial velocity. The capture surface in
impact parameter space is a sphere for a non-rotating black hole, and is
deformed for a rotating black hole. We obtain asymptotic expressions that
describe such deformations for small rotational parameters, and use numerical
calculations to investigate the arbitrary rotation case, which allows us to
visualize the capture surface as extremal rotation is approached.


title:
Matrix rearrangement approach for the entangling power with mixed qudit
  systems

abstract:
  We extend the former matrix rearrangement approach of the entangling power to
the general cases, without the requirement of the same dimensions of the
subsystems. The entangling power of a unitary operator is completely determined
by its realignment and partial transposition. As applications, we calculate the
entangling power for the Ising interaction and the isotropic Heisenberg
interaction in the mixed qudit system.


title: Gorenstein polytopes obtained from bipartite graphs

abstract:
  Beck et. al. characterized the grid graphs whose perfect matching polytopes
are Gorenstein and they also showed that for some parameters, perfect matching
polytopes of torus graphs are Gorenstein. In this paper, we complement their
result, that is, we characterize the torus graphs whose perfect matching
polytopes are Gorenstein. Beck et. al. also gave a method to construct an
infinite family of Gorenstein polytopes. In this paper, we introduce a new
class of polytopes obtained from graphs and we extend their method to construct
many more Gorenstein polytopes.


title: On the Solutions of the Three Dimensional Navier-Stokes Problem

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to solve the three dimensional Navier-Stokes problem
with conservative source term. We use convolution methods to construct "well
behaved" smooth solutions of the initial boundary value problem for the system
of Navier-Stokes with conservative source term.


title: Quantum field theory on the degenerate Moyal space

abstract:
  We prove that the self-interacting scalar field on the four-dimensional
degenerate Moyal plane is renormalisable to all orders when adding a suitable
counterterm to the Lagrangean. Despite the apparent simplicity of the model, it
raises several non trivial questions. Our result is a first step towards the
definition of renormalisable quantum field theories on a non-commutative
Minkowski space.


title: Nonlinear Saturation of the Weibel Instability in a Dense Fermi Plasma

abstract:
  We present an investigation for the generation of intense magnetic fields in
dense plasmas with an anisotropic electron Fermi-Dirac distribution. For this
purpose, we use a new linear dispersion relation for transverse waves in the
Wigner-Maxwell dense quantum plasma system. Numerical analysis of the
dispersion relation reveals the scaling of the growth rate as a function of the
Fermi energy and the temperature anisotropy. The nonlinear saturation level of
the magnetic fields is found through fully kinetic simulations, which indicates
that the final amplitudes of the magnetic fields are proportional to the linear
growth rate of the instability. The present results are important for
understanding the origin of intense magnetic fields in dense Fermionic plasmas,
such as those in the next generation intense laser-solid density plasma
experiments.


title:
Optical-phonon mediated exciton energy relaxation with highly preserved
  spin states Optical-phonon mediated exciton energy relaxation with highly
  preserved spin states in a single quantum dot

abstract:
  High degree of preservation of spin states during energy relaxation processes
mediated by optical phonons is demonstrated in a single quantum dot.
Optical-phonon resonance and relevant suppression of spin relaxation are
clearly identified as dip structures in photoluminescence excitation spectra
probed by the positive trion emission. The absence of continuum states makes
this observation possible under the cross-circularly polarized detection with
respect to a circularly polarized pumping. Consequently, distinguishably high
degree of circular polarization up to ~0.85 is achieved without applying
external magnetic field at the optical-phonon resonance. Rate equation analysis
reveals that the spin-flip probability during energy relaxation is restricted
to less than 7.5%. It is also indicated that the spin flip time of the positive
trion ground state is extended by more than 3 times compared with that of
neutral exciton ground state. This corresponds to the spin flip time longer
than 11 ns for the positive trion ground state. The influence of nuclear
polarization to the present measurements is also discussed.


title: TQFT string operations in open-closed string topology

abstract:
  To open-closed cobordism surfaces, open-closed string topology associates
topological quantum field theory (TQFT) operations, namely string operations,
which depend only on homeomorphism types of surfaces and which satisfy the
sewing property. We show that most TQFT string operations vanish in open-closed
string topology. We describe those open-closed cobordisms with vanishing string
operations, and give a short list of open-closed cobordisms with possibly
nontrivial string operations.


title:
Frequency Light Shifts Caused by the Effects of Quantization of Atomic
  Motion in an Optical Lattice

abstract:
  Frequency light shifts resulting from the localization effects and effects of
the quantization of translational atomic motion in an optical lattice is
studied for a forbidden optical transition $J$=0$\to$$J$=0. In the Lamb-Dicke
regime this shift is proportional to the square root from the lattice field
intensity. With allowance made for magneto-dipole and quadrupole transitions,
the shift does not vanish at the magic wavelength, at which the linear in
intensity shift is absent. Preliminary estimates show that this shift can have
a principal significance for the lattice-based atomic clocks with accuracy of
order of 10$^{-16}-10^{-18}$. Apart from this, we find that the numerical value
of the magic frequency depends on the concrete configuration of the lattice
field and it can vary within the limits 1-100 MHz (depending on element) as one
passes from one field configuration to another. Thus, theoretical and
experimental investigations of contributions originated from magneto-dipole and
quadrupole transitions are of principal self-dependent interest.


title: Geometric Measure of Entanglement and Shared Quantum States

abstract:
  We give an explicit expression for the geometric measure of entanglement for
three qubit states that are linear combinations of four orthogonal product
states. It turns out that the geometric measure for these states has three
different expressions depending on the range of definition in parameter space.
Each expression of the measure has its own geometrically meaningful
interpretation. Such an interpretation allows oneself to take one step toward a
complete understanding for the general properties of the entanglement measure.
The states that lie on joint surfaces separating different ranges of
definition, designated as shared states, seem to have particularly interesting
features. The properties of the shared states are fully discussed.


title:
Open-Closed TQFT String Operations for Disc Cobordisms, Simultaneous
  Saddle Interactions, and Constant Homology Classes

abstract:
  Previously, we showed that most of the open-closed topological quantum field
theory (TQFT) string operations vanish including all the higher genus TQFT
operations, and we described a small list of genus zero open-closed TQFT string
operations which can be nontrivial. In this paper, we consider open-closed
string operations associated to open-closed cobordisms homeomorphic to discs.
These operations constitute the main part of genus zero string operations, and
they include the saddle string operation of two open strings interacting at
their internal points. We show not only that disc string operations are
independent of their half-pair-of-pants decompositions but also that these disc
string operations can be computed by \emph{simultaneous} saddle interactions of
incoming open strings at the same point, and they take values in homology
classes of constant open strings on some closed orientable submanifolds, which
we will precisely determine. We will also discuss a role played by fundamental
constant homology classes in open-closed string topology. Our main tools are
saddle interaction diagrams and their deformations.


title: Spectral Density of Complex Networks with a Finite Mean Degree

abstract:
  In order to clarify the statistical features of complex networks, the
spectral density of adjacency matrices has often been investigated. Adopting a
static model introduced by Goh, Kahng and Kim, we analyse the spectral density
of complex scale free networks. For that purpose, we utilize the replica method
and effective medium approximation (EMA) in statistical mechanics. As a result,
we identify a new integral equation which determines the asymptotic spectral
density of scale free networks with a finite mean degree $p$. In the limit $p
\to \infty$, known asymptotic formulae are rederived. Moreover, the $1/p$
corrections to known results are analytically calculated by a perturbative
method.


title:
Floating Bodies of Equilibrium in Three Dimensions. The central
  symmetric case

abstract:
  Three-dimensional central symmetric bodies different from spheres that can
float in all orientations are considered. For relative density rho=1/2 there
are solutions, if holes in the body are allowed. For rho different from 1/2 the
body is deformed from a sphere. A set of nonlinear shape-equations determines
the shape in lowest order in the deformation. It is shown that a large number
of solutions exists. An expansion scheme is given, which allows a formal
expansion in the deformation to arbitrary order under the assumption that apart
from x=0,+1,-1 there is no x, which obeys P_{p,2}(x)=0 for two different
integer ps, where P are Legendre functions.


title: Electronic, dynamical and superconducting properties of CaBeSi

abstract:
  We report first-principles calculations on the normal and superconducting
state of CaBe(x)Si(2-x) (x=1), in the framework of density functional theory
for superconductors (SCDFT). CaBeSi is isostructural and isoelectronic to MgB2
and this makes possible a direct comparison of the electronic and vibrational
properties and the electron-phonon interaction of the two materials. Despite
the many similarities with MgB2 (e.g. sigma bands at the Fermi level and a
larger Fermi surface nesting), according to our calculations CaBeSi has a very
low critical temperature (Tc ~ 0.4 K, consistent with the experiment). CaBeSi
exhibits a complex gap structure, with three gaps at Fermi level: besides the
two sigma and pi gaps, present also in MgB2, the appearance of a third gap is
related to the anisotropy of the Coulomb repulsion, acting in different way on
the bonding and antibonding electronic pi states.


title: Variable Stars in the Field of the Open Cluster NGC2204

abstract:
  We present the results of a variable stars search in the field of the old
open cluster NGC 2204. Five new variables were found, four of them being
eclipsing binaries. The sample includes a detached binary located at the
turnoff, a W UMa - type system, and an interesting detached low-mass binary
with a period of 0.45d which, however, is a foreground object. We provide
V-light curves and finder charts for all variables together with
color-magnitude diagrams of the cluster. For four variables incomplete I-light
curves are also provided.


title: Optimized perturbation theory for molecular antiferromagnets

abstract:
  The energy spectra of mesoscopic, i.e. few-body quantum systems are of great
interest in several areas of physics such as nuclear physics, cluster physics
or magnetism. One way to obtain an approximate spectrum is to diagonalize with
reduced but carefully chosen basis sets. In this Letter we propose for the case
of mesoscopic antiferromagnets to use the eigenstates of the rotational band
Hamiltonian for this purpose. These states are not only well adapted, they can
also be easily constructed.


title:
The role of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in ram pressure stripped
  disk galaxies

abstract:
  Ram pressure stripping, i.e. the removal of a galaxy's gas disk due to its
motion through the intracluster medium of a galaxy cluster, appears to be a
common phenomenon. Not every galaxy, however, is completely stripped of its gas
disk. If the ram pressure is insufficiently strong, only the outer parts of the
gas disk are removed, and the inner gas disk is retained by the galaxy. One
example of such a case is the Virgo spiral NGC 4402. Observations of NGC 4402
(Crowl et al. 2005) reveal structures at the leading edge of the gas disk,
which resemble the characteristic finger-like structures produced by the
Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability. We argue, however, that the RT instability is
unlikely to be responsible for these structures. We demonstrate that the
conditions under which a galaxy's disk gas experiences ram pressure stripping
are identical to those that lead to RT instability. If the galaxy's gravity
prevents ram pressure stripping of the inner disk, it also prevents the RT
instability. In contrast, the stripped gas could still be subject to RT
instability, and we discuss consequences for the stripped gas.


title:
Zeeman-Tomography of the Solar Photosphere -- 3-Dimensional Surface
  Structures Retrieved from Hinode Observations

abstract:
  AIMS :The thermodynamic and magnetic field structure of the solar photosphere
is analyzed by means of a novel 3-dimensional spectropolarimetric inversion and
reconstruction technique. METHODS : On the basis of high-resolution,
mixed-polarity magnetoconvection simulations, we used an artificial neural
network (ANN) model to approximate the nonlinear inverse mapping between
synthesized Stokes spectra and the underlying stratification of atmospheric
parameters like temperature, line-of-sight (LOS) velocity and LOS magnetic
field. This approach not only allows us to incorporate more reliable physics
into the inversion process, it also enables the inversion on an absolute
geometrical height scale, which allows the subsequent combination of individual
line-of-sight stratifications to obtain a complete 3-dimensional reconstruction
(tomography) of the observed area. RESULTS : The magnetoconvection simulation
data, as well as the ANN inversion, have been properly processed to be
applicable to spectropolarimetric observations from the Hinode satellite. For
the first time, we show 3-dimensional tomographic reconstructions (temperature,
LOS velocity, and LOS magnetic field) of a quiet sun region observed by Hinode.
The reconstructed area covers a field of approximately 12000 by 12000 km and a
height range of 510 km in the photosphere. An enormous variety of small and
large scale structures can be identified in the 3-D reconstructions. The
low-flux region (B_{mag} = 20G) we analyzed exhibits a number of "tube-like"
magnetic structures with field strengths of several hundred Gauss. Most of
these structures rapidly loose their strength with height and only a few larger
structures can retain a higher field strength to the upper layers of the
photosphere.


title:
Low Frequency Raman Scattering from Acoustic Phonon Confined in
  $CdS_{1-x}Se_x$ Nanoparticles in Borosilicate Glass

abstract:
  Phonon modes found in low frequency Raman scattering from $CdS_{1-x}Se_x$
nanocrystals embedded in borosilicate glass arising from confined acoustic
phonons are investigated. In addition to the breathing modes and quadrupolar
modes, two additional modes are found in the spectra. In order to assign the
new modes, confined acoustic phonon frequencies are calculated using CFM, CSM
and the Lamb model. Based on the ratio of the frequencies of the new modes to
those of the quadrupolar mode, the new modes are assigned to first overtone of
the quadrupolar mode (l=2, n=1) and l=1, n=0 torsional mode. The appearance of
the forbidden torsional mode is attributed to nonspherical appearance shape of
the nanoparticle found from high-resolution TEM.


title: Interactions and magnetism in graphene boundary states

abstract:
  We analyze interaction effects on boundary states of single layer graphene.
Near a half filled band, both short and long-ranged interactions lead to a
fully spin polarized configuration. In addition, the band of boundary states
acquires a finite dispersion as function of the momentum parallel to the edge,
induced by the interactions. Away from half filling the wavefunction develops
charge correlations similar to those in a Wigner crystal, and the spin strongly
alternates with the occupation of the boundary states. For certain fillings the
ground state has a finite linear momentum, leading to the formation of
persistent currents.


title: Conformal Invariance of Iso-height Lines in two-dimensional KPZ Surface

abstract:
  The statistics of the iso-height lines in (2+1)-dimensional
Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) model is shown to be conformal invariant and
equivalent to those of self-avoiding random walks. This leads to a rich variety
of new exact analytical results for the KPZ dynamics. We present direct
evidence that the iso-height lines can be described by the family of conformal
invariant curves called Schramm-Loewner evolution (or $SLE_\kappa$) with
diffusivity $\kappa=8/3$. It is shown that the absence of the non-linear term
in the KPZ equation will change the diffusivity $\kappa$ from 8/3 to 4,
indicating that the iso-height lines of the Edwards-Wilkinson (EW) surface are
also conformally invariant, and belong to the universality class of the domain
walls in the O(2) spin model.


title: Families of conformally related asymptotically flat, static vacuum data

abstract:
  Extending the results of an earlier article we give a complete description of
the asymptotically flat, conformally non-flat, static vacuum data which admit
non-trivial, asymptotically smooth conformal mappings onto other such data.
These data form a 3-parameter family which decomposes into 1-parameter families
of data which are conformal to each other. The data and the associated static
vacuum solutions are given explicitly in terms of elliptic and, in a special
case, elementary functions.


title:
Observational Effects of Strong Gravity in Vicinity of Supermassive
  Black Holes

abstract:
  Here we discuss the effects of strong gravity that can be observed in
electromagnetic spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN). According to the
unification model of an AGN, there is a supermassive black hole ($10^7 - 10^9
M_\odot$) in its center, surrounded by an accretion disk that radiates in the
X-ray band. Accretion disks could have different forms, dimensions, and
emission, depending on the type of central black hole (BH), whether it is
rotating (Kerr metric) or nonrotating (Schwarzschild metric). We modeled the
emission of an accretion disk around supermassive BH using numerical
simulations based on a ray-tracing method in the Kerr metric. A broad emission
line Fe K$\alpha$ at 6.4 keV with asymmetric profile (narrow bright blue peak
and a wide faint red wing) has been observed in a number of type 1 AGN. The
effects of strong gravitational field are investigated by comparison between
the modeled and observed iron K$\alpha$ line profiles. The results of our
modeling show that the parameters of the Fe K$\alpha$ line emitting region have
significant influence on the line profile and thus, allow us to determine the
space-time geometry (metric) in vicinity of the central BH of AGN, and also can
give us information about the plasma conditions in these regions.


title:
Determining atmospheric conditions at the terminator of the hot-Jupiter
  HD209458b

abstract:
  We present a theoretical model fit to the HST/STIS optical transit
transmission spectrum of HD209458b. In our fit, we use the sodium absorption
line profile along with the Rayleigh scattering by H_2 to help determine the
average temperature-pressure profile at the planetary terminator, and infer the
abundances of atomic and molecular species. The observed sodium line profile
spans an altitude range of ~3,500 km, corresponding to pressures between ~0.001
and 50 mbar in our atmospheric models. We find that the sodium line profile
requires either condensation into sodium sulfide or ionization, necessary to
deplete atomic sodium only at high altitudes below pressures of ~3 mbar. The
depletion of sodium is supported by an observed sudden abundance change, from 2
times solar abundance in the lower atmosphere to 0.2 solar or lower in the
upper atmosphere. Our findings also indicate the presence of a hot atmosphere
near stratospheric altitudes corresponding to pressures of 33 mbar, consistent
with that of the observed dayside temperature inversion. In addition, we find a
separate higher altitude temperature rise is necessary within both the
condensation and ionization models, corresponding to pressures below ~0.01
mbar. This hot higher altitude temperature indicates that absorption by atomic
sodium can potentially probe the bottom of the thermosphere, and is possibly
sensitive to the temperature rise linked to atmospheric escape.


title:
Effect of the difference in ion mobilities on traveling-wave
  electro-osmosis

abstract:
  We analyze the AC electro-osmotic motion of a 1:1 aqueous solution, taking
into account the difference in mobilities and diffusion coefficients between
positive and negative ions. This model serves to understand the behavior of
common systems as a solution of NaCl in water. We pay special attention to two
cases. First, the case of slightly different mobilities, that can model a KCl
solution. Second, the case of a strongly asymmetric solution, with an almost
vanishing mobility, applicable to the case of a salt where the negative ion is
much more massive than the positive one. For all the cases, we perform the
mathematical description and linear analysis of the problem, in order to
establish the dependence of the induced velocity with the frequency, wavelength
and amplitude of the applied voltage.


title: Inequalities for quantum skew information

abstract:
  We study quantum information inequalities and show that the basic inequality
between the quantum variance and the metric adjusted skew information generates
all the multi-operator matrix inequalities or Robertson type determinant
inequalities studied by a number of authors. We introduce an order relation on
the set of functions representing quantum Fisher information that renders the
set into a lattice with an involution. This order structure generates new
inequalities for the metric adjusted skew informations. In particular, the
Wigner-Yanase skew information is the maximal skew information with respect to
this order structure in the set of Wigner-Yanase-Dyson skew informations.
  Key words and phrases: Quantum covariance, metric adjusted skew information,
Robertson-type uncertainty principle, operator monotone function,
Wigner-Yanase-Dyson skew information.


title: Monopoles from quark condensates in QCD

abstract:
  Chiral monopoles are hedgehoglike structures in local chiral condensates in
QCD. These monopoles are (i) made of quark and gluon fields; (ii) explicitly
gauge-invariant; and (iii) they carry quantized and conserved chromomagnetic
charge. We argue that the chiral condensate vanishes in a core of the chiral
monopole while the density of these monopoles increases with temperature wiping
out the quark condensate in quark-gluon plasma. We suggest that the dynamics of
the chiral monopoles is responsible for the chiral symmetry restoration in high
temperature phase of QCD. We also argue that the chiral monopoles are unlikely
to be associated with confining degrees of freedom. In our approach the chiral
symmetry restoration and the color deconfinement in QCD are not necessarily
related to each other and the corresponding transitions may occur at different
temperatures.


title: Spectral action on SU_q(2)

abstract:
  The spectral action on the equivariant real spectral triple over \A(SU_q(2))
is computed explicitly. Properties of the differential calculus arising from
the Dirac operator are studied and the results are compared to the commutative
case of the sphere S^3.


title:
Preliminary analysis of the possibility of making use of part of the
  energy flow of zero-point radiation

abstract:
  The energy flow of zero-point radiation is very great, but difficult to put
to use. However, the observations made by Sparnaay in 1958 and by Lamoureux in
1997 reveal the possibility of making use of a very small fraction of that
immense amount. This possibility is big enough for such a minute fraction to
have significant importance, but such a possibility requires miniaturisation to
a degree which may be unattainable. It is worth trying to achieve it, since it
would open the way to interstellar travel.


title:
Conformal arc-length as $\frac12$ dimensional length of the set of
  osculating circles

abstract:
  The set of osculating circles of a given curve in $\SS^3$ forms a curve in
the set of oriented circles in $\SS^3$. We show that its
"${\frac12}$-dimensional measure" with respect to the pseudo-Riemannian
structure of the set of circles is proportional to the conformal arc-length of
the original curve, which is a conformally invariant local quantity discovered
in the first half of the last century.


title:
Full-scale simulation study of a generalized Zakharov model for the
  generation of topside ionospheric turbulence

abstract:
  We present a full-scale simulation study of a generalized Zakharov model for
the generation of the topside electrostatic turbulence due to the parametric
instability during ionospheric heating experiments near the F region peak. The
nonlinear tunneling of electromagnetic waves through the ionospheric layer is
attributed to multiple-stage parametric decay and mode-conversion processes. At
the bottomside of the F region, electrostatic turbulence excited by the
parametric instability results in the conversion of the ordinary (O mode) wave
into a large amplitude extraordinary (Z mode) wave tunneling through the F
peak. At the topside interaction region, the Z mode undergoes parametric decay
cascade process that results in the generation of the topside electrostatic
turbulence and then conversion process yielding O waves that escape the plasma.
This study may explain the observed topside ionospheric turbulence during
ground based ionospheric heating experiments.


title:
Numerical study of finite size effects in the one-dimensional
  two-impurity Anderson model

abstract:
  We study the two-impurity Anderson model on finite chains using numerical
techniques. We discuss the departure of magnetic correlations as a function of
the interimpurity distance from a pure 2k_F oscillation due to open boundary
conditions. We observe qualitatively different behaviors in the interimpurity
spin correlations and in transport properties at different values of the
impurity couplings. We relate these different behaviors to a change in the
relative dominance between the Kondo effect and the
Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yoshida (RKKY) interaction. We also observe that when
RKKY dominates there is a definite relation between interimpurity magnetic
correlations and transport properties. In this case, there is a recovery of
2k_F periodicity when the on-site Coulomb repulsion on the chain is increased
at quarter-filling. The present results could be relevant for electronic
nanodevices implementing a non-local control between two quantum dots that
could be located at variable distance along a wire.


title:
Classical no-cloning theorem under Liouville dynamics by non-Csisz\'ar
  f-divergence

abstract:
  The Csisz\'ar f-divergence, which is a class of information distances, is
known to offer a useful tool for analysing the classical counterpart of the
cloning operations that are quantum mechanically impossible for the factorized
and marginality classical probability distributions under Liouville dynamics.
We show that a class of information distances that does not belong to this
divergence class also allows for the formulation of a classical analogue of the
quantum no-cloning theorem. We address a family of nonlinear Liouville-like
equations, and generic distances, to obtain constraints on the corresponding
functional forms, associated with the formulation of classical analogue of the
no-cloning principle.


title: Star formation in Perseus. IV. Mass dependent evolution of dense cores

abstract:
  In our SCUBA survey of Perseus, we find that the fraction of protostellar
cores increases towards higher masses and the most massive cores are all
protostellar. In this paper we consider the possible explanations of this
apparent mass dependence in the evolutionary status of these cores, and the
implications for protostellar evolution and the mapping of the embedded core
mass function (CMF) onto the stellar IMF. We consider the following potential
causes: dust temperature; selection effects in the submillimetre and in the
mid-infrared observations used for pre/protostellar classification; confusion
and multiplicity; transient cores; and varying evolutionary timescales. We
develop Core Mass Evolution Diagrams (CMEDs) to investigate how the mass
evolution of individual cores maps onto the observed CMF. Two physical
mechanisms -- short timescales for the evolution of massive cores, and
continuing accumulation of mass onto protostellar cores -- best explain the
relative excess of protostars in high mass cores and the rarity of massive
starless cores. In addition, confusion both increases the likelihood that a
protostar is identified within a core, and increases mass assigned to a core.
The observed pre/protostellar mass distributions are consistent with faster
evolution and a shorter lifetime for higher-mass prestellar cores. We rule out
longer timescales for higher-mass prestellar cores. The differences in the
prestellar and protostellar mass distributions imply that the prestellar CMF
(and possibly the combined pre+protostellar CMF) should be steeper than the
IMF. A steeper prestellar CMF can be reconciled with the observed similarity of
the CMF and the IMF in some regions if a second opposing effect is present,
such as the fragmentation of massive cores into multiple systems.


title:
Image potential of single-wall carbon nanotubes in the field emission
  condition

abstract:
  We calculated the image potentials of single-walled carbon nanotubes of
various structures in the condition of field emission with a quantum chemistry
method. The image potential of the single-walled carbon nanotubes can be well
fitted with the image potential of an ideal metal sphere in a size comparable
to an atom. The image potential is not sensitive to both the applied field and
the structure of the tube. When the image potential is included, the emission
current would be one order larger.