title:
Radiation Pressure Supported AGN Tori with Hard X-Ray and Stellar
  Heating

abstract:
  The dynamics and structure of toroidal obscuration around AGN remain
uncertain and controversial. In this paper we extend earlier work on the
dynamical role of infrared radiation pressure by adding the effects of two
kinds of distributed heating: Compton-heating due to hard X-rays from the
nucleus and local starlight heating. We find numerical solutions to the
axisymmetric hydrostatic equilibrium, energy balance, and photon diffusion
equations including these effects. Within the regime of typical parameters, the
two different sources of additional heating have very similar effects: the
density profile within the torus becomes shallower both radially and
vertically, but for plausible heating rates, there is only minor change
(relative to the source-free case) in the distribution of column density with
solid angle. The most interesting consequence of distributed heating is that it
selects out a relatively narrow range of parameters permitting an equilibrium,
particularly $(L/L_E)/\tau_T$. We discuss the implications of both the
narrowness of the permitted range and its approximate coincidence with the
range inferred from observations.


title: Sperry versus Hebb: Topographic mapping in Isl2/EphA3 mutant mice

abstract:
  In wild-type mice axons of retinal ganglion cells establish topographically
precise projection to the superior colliculus of the midbrain. This implies
that axons of neighboring retinal ganglion cells project to the proximal
locations in the target. The precision of topographic projection is a result of
combined effects of molecular labels, such as Eph receptors and ephrins, and
correlated electric activity. In the Isl2/EphA3 mutant mice the expression
levels of molecular labels is changed. As a result the topographic projection
is rewired so that the neighborhood relationships between retinal cell axons
are disrupted. Here we argue that the effects of correlated activity presenting
themselves in the form of Hebbian learning rules can facilitate the restoration
of the topographic connectivity even when the molecular labels carry
conflicting instructions. This occurs because the correlations in electric
activity carry information about retinal cells' spatial location that is
independent on molecular labels. We argue therefore that experiments in
Isl2/EphA3 knock-in mice directly test the interaction between effects of
molecular labels and correlated activity during the development of neural
connectivity.


title: Diversity and Degrees of Freedom of Cooperative Wireless Networks

abstract:
  Wireless fading networks with multiple antennas are typically studied
information-theoretically from two different perspectives - the outage
characterization and the ergodic capacity characterization. A key parameter in
the outage characterization of a network is the diversity, whereas a
first-order indicator for the ergodic capacity is the degrees of freedom (DOF),
which is the pre-log coefficient in the capacity expression. In this paper, we
present max-flow min-cut type theorems for computing both the diversity and the
degrees of freedom of arbitrary single-source single-sink multi-antenna
networks. We also show that an amplify-and-forward protocol is sufficient to
achieve this. The degrees of freedom characterization is obtained using a
conversion to a deterministic wireless network for which the capacity was
recently found. We show that the diversity result easily extends to
multi-source multi-sink networks and evaluate the DOF for multi-casting in
single-source multi-sink networks.


title: An x-ray probe of laser-aligned molecules

abstract:
  We demonstrate a hard x-ray probe of laser-aligned small molecules. To align
small molecules with optical lasers, high intensities at nonresonant
wavelengths are necessary. We use 95 ps pulses focused to 40 mum from an 800 nm
Ti:sapphire laser at a peak intensity of 10^12 W/cm^2 to create an ensemble of
aligned bromotrifluoromethane (CF3Br) molecules. Linearly polarized, 120 ps
x-ray pulses, focused to 10 mum, tuned to the Br 1s --> sigma* pre-edge
resonance at 13.476 keV, probe the ensemble of laser-aligned molecules. The
demonstrated methodology has a variety of applications and can enable ultrafast
imaging of laser-controlled molecular motions with Angstrom-level resolution.


title:
Bronsted-Rockafellar property and maximality of monotone operators
  representable by convex functions in non-reflexive Banach spaces

abstract:
  In this work we are concerned with maximality of monotone operators
representable by certain convex functions in non-reflexive Banach spaces. We
also prove that these maximal monotone operators satisfy a Bronsted-Rockafellar
type property.
  We show that if a function in XxX^* and its conjugate are above the duality
product in their respective domains, then this function represents a maximal
monotone operator.


title: Markovian embeddings of general random strings

abstract:
  Let A be a finite set and X a sequence of A-valued random variables. We do
not assume any particular correlation structure between these random variables;
in particular, X may be a non-Markovian sequence. An adapted embedding of X is
a sequence of the form R(X_1), R(X_1,X_2), R(X_1,X_2,X_3), etc where R is a
transformation defined over finite length sequences. In this extended abstract
we characterize a wide class of adapted embeddings of X that result in a
first-order homogeneous Markov chain. We show that any transformation R has a
unique coarsest refinement R' in this class such that R'(X_1), R'(X_1,X_2),
R'(X_1,X_2,X_3), etc is Markovian. (By refinement we mean that R'(u)=R'(v)
implies R(u)=R(v), and by coarsest refinement we mean that R' is a
deterministic function of any other refinement of R in our class of
transformations.) We propose a specific embedding that we denote as R^X which
is particularly amenable for analyzing the occurrence of patterns described by
regular expressions in X. A toy example of a non-Markovian sequence of 0's and
1's is analyzed thoroughly: discrete asymptotic distributions are established
for the number of occurrences of a certain regular pattern in X_1,...,X_n, as n
tends to infinity, whereas a Gaussian asymptotic distribution is shown to apply
for another regular pattern.


title: A pseudosimilarity approach to a steady free convection flow

abstract:
  In this communication we deal with the exact solutions called
"pseudosimilarity" of a steady free convection problem studied by by Kumaran
and Pop (2006). They showed that there is no similarity solution for the case
of a wall temperature as $T_{w}(x)\sim x^{-{1/2}}$ (resp. a wall heat flux as
$q_{w}(x)\sim x^{-{3/2}},$ and a dimensionless heat transfer coefficient
$h_{w}(x)\sim x^{-1}$). We shall present some results about existence and
asymptotic behaviour of new exact solutions of the resulting boundary value
problem for each case.


title: Light composite Higgs from an effective action for technicolor

abstract:
  We compute an effective action for a composite Higgs boson formed by new
fermions belonging to a general technicolor non-Abelian gauge theory, using a
quite general expression for the fermionic self-energy that depends on a
certain parameter (alpha), that defines the technicolor theory from the extreme
walking behavior up to the one with a standard operator product expansion
behavior. We discuss the values of the trilinear and quadrilinear scalar
couplings. Our calculation spans all the possible physical possibilities for
mass and couplings of the composite system. In the case of extreme walking
technicolor theories we verify that it is possible to have a composite Higgs
boson with a mass as light as the present experimental limit, contrary to the
usual expectation of a heavy mass for the composite Higgs boson. In this case
we obtain an upper limit for the Higgs boson mass, M_H ~ 700GeV for SU(2)_TC,
and the experimental data on the Higgs boson mass constrain SU(N)_TC
technicolor gauge groups to be smaller than SU(10)_TC.


title:
Effects of spatial dispersion in near-field radiative heat transfer
  between two parallel metallic surfaces

abstract:
  We study the heat transfer between two parallel metallic semi-infinite media
with a gap in the nanometer-scale range. We show that the near-field radiative
heat flux saturates at distances smaller than the metal skin depth when using a
local dielectric constant and investigate the origin of this effect. The effect
of non-local corrections is analysed using the Lindhard-Mermin and
Boltzmann-Mermin models. We find that local and non-local models yield the same
heat fluxes for gaps larger than 2 nm. Finally, we explain the saturation
observed in a recent experiment as a manifestation of the skin depth and show
that heat is mainly dissipated by eddy currents in metallic bodies.


title:
Near-field induction heating of metallic nanoparticles due to infrared
  magnetic dipole contribution

abstract:
  We revisit the electromagnetic heat transfer between a metallic nanoparticle
and a metallic semi-infinite substrate, commonly studied using the electric
dipole approximation. For infrared and microwave frequencies, we find that the
magnetic polarizability of the particle is larger than the electric one. We
also find that the local density of states in the near field is dominated by
the magnetic contribution. As a consequence, the power absorbed by the particle
in the near field is due to dissipation by fluctuating eddy currents. These
results show that a number of near-field effects involving metallic particles
should be affected by the fluctuating magnetic fields.


title: B Physics at LHCb

abstract:
  LHCb is a dedicated detector for b physics at the LHC. In this article we
present a concise review of the detector design and performance together with
the main physics goals and their relevance for a precise test of the Standard
Model and search of New Physics beyond it.


title:
Postural control during quiet standing following cervical muscular
  fatigue: effects of changes in sensory inputs

abstract:
  The purpose of the present experiment was to investigate the effects of
cervical muscular fatigue on postural control during quiet standing under
different conditions of reliability and/or availability of somatosensory inputs
from the plantar soles and the ankles and visual information. To this aim, 14
young healthy adults were asked to sway as little as possible in three sensory
conditions (No vision, No vision-Foam support and Vision) executed in two
conditions of No fatigue and Fatigue of the scapula elevator muscles. Centre of
foot pressure (CoP) displacements were recorded using a force platform. Results
showed that (1) the cervical muscular fatigue yielded increased CoP
displacements in the absence of vision, (2) this effect was more accentuated
when somatosensation was degraded by standing on a foam surface and (3) the
availability of vision allowed the individuals to suppress this destabilising
effect. On the whole, these findings not only stress the importance of intact
cervical neuromuscular function on postural control during quiet standing, but
also suggest a reweigthing of sensory cues in balance control following
cervical muscular fatigue by increasing the reliance on the somatosensory
inputs from the plantar soles and the ankles and visual information.


title:
How performing a mental arithmetic task modify the regulation of centre
  of foot pressure displacements during bipedal quiet standing

abstract:
  We investigated the effect of performing a mental arithmetic task with two
levels of difficulty on the regulation of centre of foot pressure (COP)
displacements during bipedal quiet standing in young healthy individuals. There
was also a control condition in which no concurrent task was required. A
space-time-domain analysis showed decreased COP displacements, along the
antero-posterior axis, when participants concurrently performed the most
difficult mental arithmetic task. Frequency-domain and stabilogram-diffusion
analyses further suggested these decreased COP displacements to be associated
with an increased stiffness and a reduction of the exploratory behaviours in
the short term, respectively.


title:
The magnitude of the effect of calf muscles fatigue on postural control
  during bipedal quiet standing with vision depends on the eye-visual target
  distance

abstract:
  The purpose of the present experiment was to investigate whether, with
vision, the magnitude of the effect of calf muscles fatigue on postural control
during bipedal quiet standing depends on the eye-visual target distance. Twelve
young university students were asked to stand upright as immobile as possible
in three visual conditions (No vision, Vision 1m and Vision 4m) executed in two
conditions of No fatigue and Fatigue of the calf muscles. Centre of foot
pressure displacements were recorded using a force platform. Similar increased
variances of the centre of foot pressure displacements were observed in the
fatigue relative to the No fatigue condition for both the No vision and Vision
4m conditions. Interestingly, in the vision 1m condition, fatigue yielded: (1)
a similar increased variance of the centre of foot pressure displacements to
those observed in the No vision and Vision 4m conditions along the
medio-lateral axis and (2) a weaker destabilising effect relative to the No
vision and Vision 4m conditions along the antero-posterior axis. These results
evidence that the ability to use visual information for postural control during
bipedal quiet standing following calf muscles fatigue is dependent on the
eye-visual target distance. More largely, in the context of the multisensory
control of balance, the present findings suggest that the efficiency of the
sensory reweighting of visual sensory cues as the neuro-muscular constraints
acting on the subject change is critically linked with the quality of the
information the visual system obtains.


title: Geometrical aspects of integrable systems

abstract:
  We review some basic theorems on integrability of Hamiltonian systems, namely
the Liouville-Arnold theorem on complete integrability, the Nekhoroshev theorem
on partial integrability and the Mishchenko-Fomenko theorem on noncommutative
integrability, and for each of them we give a version suitable for the
noncompact case. We give a possible global version of the previous local
results, under certain topological hypotheses on the base space. It turns out
that locally affine structures arise naturally in this setting.


title:
Generation of four-partite GHZ and W states by using a high-finesse
  bimodal cavity

abstract:
  We propose two novel schemes to engineer four-partite entangled
Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) and W states in a deterministic way by using
chains of (two-level) Rydberg atoms within the framework of cavity QED. These
schemes are based on the resonant interaction of the atoms with a bimodal
cavity that simultaneously supports, in contrast to a single-mode cavity, two
independent modes of the photon field. In addition, we suggest the schemes to
reveal the non-classical correlations for the engineered GHZ and W states. It
is shown how these schemes can be extended in order to produce general
N-partite entangled GHZ and W states.


title:
Re-weighting of somatosensory inputs from the foot and the ankle for
  controlling posture during quiet standing following trunk extensor muscles
  fatigue

abstract:
  The present study focused on the effects of trunk extensor muscles fatigue on
postural control during quiet standing under different somatosensory conditions
from the foot and the ankle. With this aim, 20 young healthy adults were asked
to stand as immobile as possible in two conditions of No fatigue and Fatigue of
trunk extensor muscles. In Experiment 1 (n = 10), somatosensation from the foot
and the ankle was degraded by standing on a foam surface. In Experiment 2 (n =
10), somatosensation from the foot and ankle was facilitated through the
increased cutaneous feedback at the foot and ankle provided by strips of
athletic tape applied across both ankle joints. The centre of foot pressure
displacements (CoP) were recorded using a force platform. The results showed
that (1) trunk extensor muscles fatigue increased CoP displacements under
normal somatosensatory conditions (Experiment 1 and Experiment 2), (2) this
destabilizing effect was exacerbated when somatosensation from the foot and the
ankle was degraded (Experiment 1), and (3) this destabilizing effect was
mitigated when somatosensation from the foot and the ankle was facilitated
(Experiment 2). Altogether, the present findings evidenced re-weighting of
sensory cues for controlling posture during quiet standing following trunk
extensor muscles fatigue by increasing the reliance on the somatosensory inputs
from the foot and the ankle. This could have implications in clinical and
rehabilitative areas.


title:
Strongly Correlated Two-Electron Transport in a Quantum Waveguide Having
  a Single Anderson Impurity

abstract:
  The strongly correlated two-electron transport in one-dimensional channel
coupled with an Anderson-type impurity is solved exactly via a Bethe ansatz
approach. We show that the transport properties are fundamentally different for
spin singlet and triplet states, thus the impurity acts as a novel filter that
operates based on the total spin angular momentum of the electron pairs, but
not individual spins. The filter provides a deterministic generation of
electron entanglement in spin, as well as energy and momentum space.


title:
Exceptional Supersymmetric Standard Models with non-Abelian Discrete
  Family Symmetry

abstract:
  We introduce a non-Abelian discrete $\Delta_{27}$ family symmetry into the
recently proposed classes of Exceptional Supersymmetric Standard Model
($E_6$SSM) based on a broken $E_6$ Grand Unified Theory (GUT) in order to solve
the flavour problem in these models and in particular to account for
tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing. We consider both the minimal version of the
model (the ME$_6$SSM) with gauge coupling unification at the string scale and
the E$_6$SSM broken via the Pati-Salam chain with gauge coupling unification at
the conventional GUT scale. In both models there are low energy exotic colour
triplets with couplings suppressed by the symmetries of the model, including
the family symmetry. This leads to suppressed proton decay and long lived TeV
mass colour triplet states with striking signatures at the LHC. We also present
a dynamical solution to the $\mu'$ problem (where $\mu'$ is the mass of the
additional pair of electroweak doublets in the E$_6$SSM).


title:
On a theorem of V. Bernik in the metrical theory of Diophantine
  approximation

abstract:
  This paper goes back to a famous problem of Mahler in metrical Diophantine
approximation. The problem has been settled by Sprindzuk and subsequently
improved by Alan Baker and Vasili Bernik. In particular, Bernik's result
establishes a convergence Khintchine type theorem for Diophantine approximation
by polynomials, that is it allows arbitrary monotonic error of approximation.
In the present paper the monotonicity assumption is completely removed.


title:
Optical and near-infrared recombination lines of oxygen ions from
  Cassiopeia A knots

abstract:
  Context. Fast-moving knots (FMK) in the Galactic supernova remnant Cassiopeia
A consist mainly of metals and allow to study element production in supernovae
and shock physics in great detail. Aims. We work out theoretically and suggest
to observe previously unexplored class of spectral lines -- metal recombination
lines in optical and near-infrared bands -- emitted by the cold ionized and
cooling plasma in the fast-moving knots. Methods. By tracing ion radiative and
dielectronic recombination, collisional $l$-redistribution and radiative
cascade processes, we compute resulting oxygen, silicon and sulphur
recombination line emissivities. It allows us to determine the oxygen
recombination line fluxes, based on the fast-moving knot model of Sutherland
and Dopita (1995b), that predicts existence of highly-ionized ions from
moderate to very low plasma temperatures. Results. The calculations predict
oxygen ion recombination line fluxes detectable on modern optical telescopes in
the wavelength range from 0.5 to 3 microns. Line ratios to
collisionally-excited lines will allow to probe in detail the process of rapid
cloud cooling after passage of a shock front, to test high abundances of O V
and O VI ions at low temperatures and measure them, to test existing
theoretical models of a FMK and to build more precise ones.


title: Vectored Route-length Minimization - A Heuristic and An Open Conjecture

abstract:
  We propose a simple but interesting graph theoretic problem and posited a
heuristic solution procedure, which we have christened as Vectored Route-length
Minimization Search (VeRMinS). Basically, it constitutes of a re-casting of the
classical 'shortest route' problem within a strictly Euclidean space. We have
only presented a heuristic solution process with the hope that a formal proof
will eventually emerge as the problem receives wider exposure within
mathematical circles.


title:
One-particle density matrix and momentum distribution function of
  one-dimensional anyon gases

abstract:
  We present a systematic study of the Green functions of a one-dimensional gas
of impenetrable anyons. We show that the one-particle density matrix is the
determinant of a Toeplitz matrix whose large N asymptotic is given by the
Fisher-Hartwig conjecture. We provide a careful numerical analysis of this
determinant for general values of the anyonic parameter, showing in full
details the crossover between bosons and fermions and the reorganization of the
singularities of the momentum distribution function.
  We show that the one-particle density matrix satisfies a Painleve VI
differential equation, that is then used to derive the small distance and large
momentum expansions. We find that the first non-vanishing term in this
expansion is always k^{-4}, that is proved to be true for all couplings in the
Lieb-Liniger anyonic gas and that can be traced back to the presence of a delta
function interaction in the Hamiltonian.


title: A Geometrical Description of Spinor Fields

abstract:
  The goal of this paper is to present the way to define fermionic fields and
their Lagrangians in terms of three orthogonal vector fields of norm 1 together
with two real valued scalar fields. This paper is based on a toy model where
there are no Grassmann variables.


title: Universal subspaces for compact Lie groups

abstract:
  For a representation of a connected compact Lie group G in a finite
dimensional real vector space U and a subspace V of U, invariant under a
maximal torus of G, we obtain a sufficient condition for V to meet all G-orbits
in U, which is also necessary in certain cases. The proof makes use of the
cohomology of flag manifolds and the invariant theory of Weyl groups. Then we
apply our condition to the conjugation representations of U(n), Sp(n), and
SO(n) in the space of $n\times n$ matrices over C, H, and R, respectively. In
particular, we obtain an interesting generalization of Schur's
triangularization theorem.


title: The Mid-Infrared Properties of Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxies

abstract:
  The unprecedented sensitivity of the Spitzer Space Telescope has enabled us
for the first time to detect a large sample of Blue Compact Dwarf galaxies
(BCDs), which are intrinsically faint in the infrared. In the present paper we
present a summary of our findings which providing essential information on the
presence/absence of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon features in metal-poor
environments. In addition, using Spitzer/IRS high-resolution spectroscopy, we
study the elemental abundances of neon and sulfur in BCDs and compare with the
results from optical studies. Finally, we present an analysis of the mid- and
far-infrared to radio correlation in low luminosity low metallicity galaxies.


title:
On the relation between radial alignment of dark matter subhalos and
  host mass in cosmological simulations

abstract:
  We explore the dependence of the radial alignment of subhalos on the mass of
the host halo they orbit in. As the effect is seen on a broad range of scales
including massive clusters as well as galactic systems it only appears natural
to explore this phenomenon by means of cosmological simulations covering the
same range in masses. We have 25 well resolved host dark matter halos at our
disposal ranging from 10^15 Msun/h down to 10^12 Msun/h each consisting of
order of a couple of million particles within the virial radius. We observe
that subhalos tend to be more spherical than isolated objects. Both the
distributions of sphericity and triaxiality of subhalos are Gaussian
distributed with peak values of s approx. 0.80 and T approx. 0.56, irrespective
of host mass. Interestingly we note that the radial alignment is independent of
host halo mass and the distribution of \cos\theta (i.e. the angle between the
major axis E_a of each subhalo and the radius vector of the subhalo in the
reference frame of the host) is well fitted by a simple power law P(\cos\theta)
proportional to \cos^4\theta with the same fitting parameters for all host
halos.


title: The blazar sequence: a new perspective

abstract:
  We revisit the so called "blazar sequence", which connects the observed
bolometric luminosity to the shape of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of
blazars. We propose that the power of the jet and the SED of its emission are
linked to the two main parameters of the accretion process, namely the mass of
the black hole and the accretion rate. We assume: i) that the jet kinetic power
is proportional to the mass accretion rate; ii) that most of the jet
dissipation takes place at a distance proportional to the black hole mass; iii)
that the broad line region exists only above a critical value of the disk
luminosity, in Eddington units, and iv) that the radius of the broad line
region scales as the square root of the ionising disk luminosity. These
assumptions, motivated by existing observations or by reasonable theoretical
considerations, are sufficient to uniquely determine the SED of all blazars.
This framework accounts for the existence of "blue quasars", i.e. objects with
broad emission lines but with SEDs resembling those of low luminosity high
energy peaked BL Lac objects, as well as the existence of relatively low
luminosity "red" quasars. Implications on the possible evolution of blazars are
briefly discussed. This scenario can be tested quite easily once the AGILE and
especially the GLAST satellite observations, coupled with information in the
optical/X-ray band from Swift, will allow the knowledge of the entire SED of
hundreds (and possibly thousands) blazars.


title: Random Quantum Circuits are Approximate 2-designs

abstract:
  Given a universal gate set on two qubits, it is well known that applying
random gates from the set to random pairs of qubits will eventually yield an
approximately Haar-distributed unitary. However, this requires exponential
time. We show that random circuits of only polynomial length will approximate
the first and second moments of the Haar distribution, thus forming approximate
1- and 2-designs. Previous constructions required longer circuits and worked
only for specific gate sets. As a corollary of our main result, we also improve
previous bounds on the convergence rate of random walks on the Clifford group.


title: Discovery of a Jupiter/Saturn Analog with Gravitational Microlensing

abstract:
  Searches for extrasolar planets have uncovered an astonishing diversity of
planetary systems, yet the frequency of solar system analogs remains unknown.
The gravitational microlensing planet search method is potentially sensitive to
multiple-planet systems containing analogs of all the solar system planets
except Mercury. We report the detection of a multiple-planet system with
microlensing. We identify two planets with masses of ~0.71 and ~0.27 times the
mass of Jupiter and orbital separations of ~2.3 and ~4.6 astronomical units
orbiting a primary star of mass ~0.50 solar masses at a distance of ~1.5
kiloparsecs. This system resembles a scaled version of our solar system in that
the mass ratio, separation ratio, and equilibrium temperatures of the planets
are similar to those of Jupiter and Saturn. These planets could not have been
detected with other techniques; their discovery from only six confirmed
microlensing planet detections suggests that solar system analogs may be
common.


title:
High resolution optical time domain reflectometer based on 1.55um
  up-conversion photon-counting module

abstract:
  We implement a photon-counting Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) at
1.55um which exhibits a high 2-point resolution and a high accuracy. It is
based on a low temporal-jitter photon-counting module at 1.55um. This detector
is composed of a periodically poled Lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide, which
provides a wavelength conversion from near infrared to visible light, and a low
jitter silicon photon-counting detector. With this apparatus, we obtain
centimetre resolution over a measurement range of tens of kilometres.


title:
HST/ACS imaging of M82: A comparison of mass and size distribution
  functions of the younger nuclear and older disk clusters

abstract:
  We present the results obtained from an objective search for stellar
clusters, both in the currently active nuclear starburst region, and in the
post-starburst disk of M82. Images obtained with the HST/ACS in F435W(B),
F555W(V), and F814W(I) filters were used in the search for the clusters. We
detected 653 clusters of which 393 are located outside the central 450 pc in
the post-starburst disk of M82. The luminosity function of the detected
clusters show an apparent turnover at B=22 mag (M_B=-5.8), which we interpret
from Monte Carlo simulations as due to incompleteness in the detection of faint
clusters, rather than an intrinsic log-normal distribution. We derived a
photometric mass of every detected cluster from models of simple stellar
populations assuming a mean age of either an 8 (nuclear clusters) or 100 (disk
clusters) million years old. The mass functions of the disk (older) and the
nuclear (younger) clusters follow power-laws, the former being marginally
flatter (alpha=1.5+/-0.1) than the latter (alpha=1.8+/-0.1). The distribution
of sizes (Full Width at Half Maximum) of clusters brighter than the apparent
turn-over magnitude (mass>2E+4 Mo) can be described by a log-normal function.
This function peaks at 10 pc for clusters more massive than 1E+5 Mo, whereas
for lower masses, the peak is marginally shifted to larger values for the
younger, and smaller values for the older clusters. The observed trend towards
flattening of the mass function with age, together with an over-abundance of
older compact clusters, imply that cluster disruption in M82 is both dependent
on the mass and size of the clusters.


title: Resonant cyclotron scattering in magnetars' emission

abstract:
  (Abridged) We present a systematic fit of a model of resonant cyclotron
scattering (RCS) to the X-ray data of ten magnetars, including canonical and
transient anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs), and soft gamma repeaters (SGRs). In
this scenario, non-thermal magnetar spectra in the soft X-rays (i.e. below ~10
keV) result from resonant cyclotron scattering of the thermal surface emission
by hot magnetospheric plasma. We find that this model can successfully account
for the soft X-ray emission of magnetars, while using the same number of free
parameters than the commonly used empirical blackbody plus power-law model.
However, while the RCS model can alone reproduce the soft X-ray spectra of
AXPs, the much harder spectra of SGRs below ~10 keV, requires the addition of a
power-law component (the latter being the same component responsible for their
hard X-ray emission). Although this model in its present form does not explain
the hard X-ray emission of a few of these sources, we took this further
component into account in our modeling not to overlook their contribution in
the ~4-10 keV band. We find that the entire class of sources is characterized
by magnetospheric plasma with a density which, at resonant radius, is about 3
orders of magnitudes higher than n_{GJ}, the Goldreich-Julian electron density.
The inferred values of the intervening hydrogen column densities, are also in
better agreement with more recent estimates inferred from the fit of single
X-ray edges. For the entire sample of observations, we find indications for a
correlation between the scattering depth and the electron thermal velocity, and
the field strength. Moreover, in most transient anomalous X-ray pulsars the
outburst state is characterized by a relatively high surface temperature which
cools down during the decay.


title: Metal-Poor Stars

abstract:
  The abundance patterns of metal-poor stars provide us a wealth of chemical
information about various stages of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. In
particular, these stars allow us to study the formation and evolution of the
elements and the involved nucleosynthesis processes. This knowledge is
invaluable for our understanding of the cosmic chemical evolution and the onset
of star- and galaxy formation. Metal-poor stars are the local equivalent of the
high-redshift Universe, and offer crucial observational constraints on the
nature of the first stars. This review presents the history of the first
discoveries of metal-poor stars that laid the foundation to this field.
Observed abundance trends at the lowest metallicities are described, as well as
particular classes of metal-poor stars such as r-process and C-rich stars.
Scenarios on the origins of the abundances of metal-poor stars and the
application of large samples of metal-poor stars to cosmological questions are
discussed.


title: On approximation of p-adic numbers by p-adic algebraic numbers

abstract:
  A complete p-adic Khintchine type theorem for approximation by p-adic
algebraic numbers is established.


title: From Espresso to Codex

abstract:
  CODEX and ESPRESSO are concepts for ultra-stable, high-resolution
spectrographs at the E-ELT and VLT, respectively. Both instruments are well
motivated by distinct sets of science drivers. However, ESPRESSO will also be a
stepping stone towards CODEX both in a scientific as well as in a technical
sense. Here we discuss this role of ESPRESSO with respect to one of the most
exciting CODEX science cases, i.e. the dynamical determination of the cosmic
expansion history.


title: Convection and the origin of Evershed flows in sunspot penumbrae

abstract:
  We discuss a numerical 3D radiation-MHD simulation of penumbral fine
structure in a small sunspot. This simulation shows the development of short
filamentary structures with horizontal flows, similar to observed Evershed
flows, and an inward propagation of these structures at a speed compatible with
observations. We conclude that the Evershed flow represents the horizontal flow
component of overturning convection in gaps with strongly reduced field
strength. The top of the flow is always directed outward--away from the umbra--
because of the broken symmetry due to the inclined magnetic field. Upflows
occur in the inner parts of the gaps and most of the gas turns over radially
(outwards and sideways), and descends back down again. The ascending, cooling
and overturning flow tends to bend magnetic field lines down, forcing a
weakening of the field that makes it easier for gas located in an adjacent
layer--further in--to initiate a similar sequence of motion, aided by lateral
heating, thus causing the inward propagation of the filament.


title: Bass' $NK$ groups and $cdh$-fibrant Hochschild homology

abstract:
  The $K$-theory of a polynomial ring $R[t]$ contains the $K$-theory of $R$ as
a summand. For $R$ commutative and containing $\Q$, we describe
$K_*(R[t])/K_*(R)$ in terms of Hochschild homology and the cohomology of
K\"ahler differentials for the $cdh$ topology. We use this to address Bass'
question, on whether $K_n(R)=K_n(R[t])$ implies $K_n(R)=K_n(R[t_1,t_2])$. The
answer is positive over fields of infinite transcendence degree; the companion
paper arXiv:1004.3829 provides a counterexample over a number field.


title:
Submillimeter Line Emission from LMC N159W: a Dense, Clumpy PDR in a Low
  Metallicity Environment

abstract:
  Star formation at earlier cosmological times takes place in an interstellar
medium with low metallicity. The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is ideally suited
to study star formation in such an environment. The physical and chemical state
of the ISM in a star forming environment can be constrained by observations of
submm and FIR spectral lines of the main carbon carrying species, CO, CI and
CII, which originate in the surface layers of molecular clouds illuminated by
the UV radiation of the newly formed, young stars. We present high-angular
resolution sub-millimeter observations in the N159W region in the LMC obtained
with the NANTEN2 telescope of the 12CO J = 4-3, J = 7-6, and 13CO J = 4-3
rotational and [CI] 3P1-3P0 and 3P2-3P1 fine-structure transitions. The 13CO J
=4-3 and [CI] 3P2-3P1 transitions are detected for the first time in the LMC.
We derive the physical and chemical properties of the low-metallicity molecular
gas using an escape probability code and a self-consistent solution of the
chemistry and thermal balance of the gas in the framework of a clumpy cloud PDR
model. The separate excitation analysis of the submm CO lines and the carbon
fine structure lines shows that the emitting gas in the N159W region has
temperatures of about 80 K and densities of about 10^4 cm^-3. The estimated C
to CO abundance ratio close to unity is substantially higher than in dense
massive star-forming regions in the Milky Way. The analysis of all observed
lines together, including the [CII] line intensity reported in the literature,
in the context of a clumpy cloud PDR model constrains the UV intensity to about
\chi ~220 and an average density of the clump ensemble of about 10^5 cm^-3,
thus confirming the presence of high density material in the LMC N159W region.


title:
Fidelity and Entanglement of a Spatially Extended Linear Three-Qubit
  Register

abstract:
  We study decoherence of a three-qubit array coupled to substrate phonons.
Assuming an initial three-qubit entangled state that would be decoherence-free
for identical qubit positions, allows us to focus on non-Markovian effects of
the inevitable spatial qubit separation. It turns out that the coherence is
most affected when the qubits are regularly spaced. Moreover, we find that up
to a constant scaling factor, two-qubit entanglement is not influenced by the
presence f the third qubit, even though all qubits interact via the phonon
field.


title:
Petrophysical analysis of regional-scale thermal properties for improved
  simulations of geothermal installations and basin-scale heat and fluid flow

abstract:
  Development of geothermal energy and basin-scale simulations of fluid and
heat flow both suffer from uncertain physical rock properties at depth.
Therefore, building better prognostic models are required. We analysed
hydraulic and thermal properties of the major rock types in the Molasse Basin
in Southern Germany. On about 400 samples thermal conductivity, density,
porosity, and sonic velocity were measured. Here, we propose a three-step
procedure with increasing complexity for analysis of the data set: First,
univariate descriptive statistics provides a general understanding of the data
structure, possibly still with large uncertainty. Examples show that the
remaining uncertainty can be as high as 0.8 W/(m K) or as low as 0.1 W/(m K).
This depends on the possibility to subdivide the geologic units into data sets
that are also petrophysically similar. Then, based on all measurements,
cross-plot and quick-look methods are used to gain more insight into
petrophysical relationships and to refine the analysis. Because these measures
usually imply an exactly determined system they do not provide strict error
bounds. The final, most complex step comprises a full inversion of select
subsets of the data comprising both laboratory and borehole measurements. The
example presented shows the possibility to refine the used mixing laws for
Petrophysical properties and the estimation of mineral properties. These can be
estimated to an accuracy of 0.3 W/(m K). The predictive errors for the
measurements are 0.07 W/(m K), 70 m/s, and 8 kg/m^3 for thermal conductivity,
sonic velocity, and bulk density, respectively.


title:
Gutzwiller scheme for electrons and phonons: the half-filled
  Hubbard-Holstein model

abstract:
  We analyze the ground-state properties of strongly-correlated electrons
coupled with phonons by means of a generalized Gutzwiller wavefunction which
includes phononic degrees of freedom. We study in detail the paramagnetic
half-filled Hubbard-Holstein model, where the electron-electron interaction can
lead to a Mott transition, and the electron-phonon coupling to a bipolaronic
transition. We critically discuss the quality of the proposed wavefunction in
describing the various transitions and crossovers that occur as a function of
the parameters. Previous variational attempts are recovered as particular
choices of the wavefunction, while keeping all the variational freedom allows
to access regions of the phase diagram otherwise inaccessible within previous
variational approaches.


title: Phase diagram of a 2D Ising model within a nonextensive approach

abstract:
  In this work we report Monte Carlo simulations of a 2D Ising model, in which
the statistics of the Metropolis algorithm is replaced by the nonextensive one.
We compute the magnetization and show that phase transitions are present for
$q\neq 1$. A $q -$ phase diagram (critical temperature vs. the entropic
parameter $q$) is built and exhibits some interesting features, such as phases
which are governed by the value of the entropic index $q$. It is shown that
such phases favors some energy levels of magnetization states. It is also
showed that the contribution of the Tsallis cutoff is essential to the
existence of phase transitions.


title: The role of spin in the formation and evolution of galaxies

abstract:
  Using the SDSS spectroscopic sample, we estimate the dark matter halo spin
parameter lambda for ~53,000 disk galaxies for which MOPED star formation
histories are available. We investigate the relationship between spin and total
stellar mass, star formation history, and environment. First, we find a clear
anti-correlation between stellar mass and spin, with low mass galaxies
generally having high dark matter spins. Second, galaxies which have formed
more than ~5% of their stars in the last 0.2 Gyr have more broadly distributed
and typically higher spins (including a significant fraction with lambda > 0.1)
than galaxies which formed a large fraction of their stars more than 10 Gyr
ago. Finally, we find little or no correlation between the value of spin of the
dark halo and environment as determined both by proximity to a new cluster
catalog and a marked correlation study. This agrees well with the predictions
from linear hierarchical torquing theory and numerical simulations.


title:
Peculiar Velocities into the Next Generation: Cosmological Parameters
  From Large Surveys without Bias from Nonlinear Structure

abstract:
  We investigate methods to best estimate the normalisation of the mass density
fluctuation power spectrum (sigma_8) using peculiar velocity data from a survey
like the Six degree Field Galaxy Velocity Survey (6dFGSv). We focus on two
potential problems (i) biases from nonlinear growth of structure and (ii) the
large number of velocities in the survey. Simulations of LambdaCDM-like models
are used to test the methods. We calculate the likelihood from a full
covariance matrix of velocities averaged in grid cells. This simultaneously
reduces the number of data points and smooths out nonlinearities which tend to
dominate on small scales. We show how the averaging can be taken into account
in the predictions in a practical way, and show the effect of the choice of
cell size. We find that a cell size can be chosen that significantly reduces
the nonlinearities without significantly increasing the error bars on
cosmological parameters. We compare our results with those from a principal
components analysis following Watkins et al (2002) and Feldman et al (2003) to
select a set of optimal moments constructed from linear combinations of the
peculiar velocities that are least sensitive to the nonlinear scales. We
conclude that averaging in grid cells performs equally well. We find that for a
survey such as 6dFGSv we can estimate sigma_8 with less than 3% bias from
nonlinearities. The expected error on sigma_8 after marginalising over Omega_m
is approximately 16 percent.


title: A Note on Chromatic Sum

abstract:
  The chromatic sum $\Sigma(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest sum of colors
among of proper coloring with the natural number. In this paper, we introduce a
necessary condition for the existence of graph homomorphisms. Also, we present
$\Sigma(G)<\chi_f(G)|G|$ for every graph $G$.


title: Unparticle Effects on Top Quark Spin Correlations in e^+e^- Collision

abstract:
  We investigate the effects of scalar and vector unparticles on top quark spin
correlations via the process $e^{+}e^{-}\to t \bar{t}$. In addition to the
Standard Model diagrams, there is a new contribution to top-antitop quark
production process mediated by unparticle in the s-channel. It is shown that
scalar and vector unparticle contribution leads to a considerable deviation of
the top spin correlations from the Standard Model one.


title: Functional interpretation and inductive definitions

abstract:
  Extending G\"odel's \emph{Dialectica} interpretation, we provide a functional
interpretation of classical theories of positive arithmetic inductive
definitions, reducing them to theories of finite-type functionals defined using
transfinite recursion on well-founded trees.


title:
Scattering of Topological Solitons on Barriers and Holes of Deformed
  Sine-Gordon Models

abstract:
  We study scattering properties of topological solitons in two classes of
models, which are generalizations of the Sine-Gordon model and which have
recently been proposed by Bazeia et al. These two classes of models depend on
an integer parameter n which, when n=2(for the first class) and n=1 (for the
second class), reduce to the Sine-Gordon model. We take the soliton solutions
of these models (generalizations of the 'kink' solution of the Sine-Gordon
model) and consider their scattering on potential holes and barriers. We
present our results for n=1,...6. We find that, like in the Sine Gordon models,
the scattering on the barrier is very elastic while the scattering on the hole
is inelastic and can at times, lead to a reflection. We discuss the dependence
of our results on n and find that the critical velocity for the transmission
through the hole is lowest for n=3.


title: Nitrogen superfractionation in dense cloud cores

abstract:
  We report new calculations of interstellar 15N fractionation. Previously, we
have shown that large enhancements of 15N/14N can occur in cold, dense gas
where CO is frozen out, but that the existence of an NH + N channel in the
dissociative recombination of N2H+ severely curtails the fractionation. In the
light of recent experimental evidence that this channel is in fact negligible,
we have reassessed the 15N chemistry in dense cloud cores. We consider the
effects of temperatures below 10 K, and of the presence of large amounts of
atomic nitrogen. We also show how the temporal evolution of gas-phase isotope
ratios is preserved as spatial heterogeneity in ammonia ice mantles, as
monolayers deposited at different times have different isotopic compositions.
We demonstrate that the upper layers of this ice may have 15N/14N ratios an
order of magnitude larger than the underlying elemental value. Converting our
ratios to delta-values, we obtain delta(15N) > 3,000 per mil in the uppermost
layer, with values as high as 10,000 per mil in some models. We suggest that
this material is the precursor to the 15N `hotspots' recently discovered in
meteorites and IDPs


title: Reduction of Dilute Ising Spin Glasses

abstract:
  The recently proposed reduction method for diluted spin glasses is
investigated in depth. In particular, the Edwards-Anderson model with \pm J and
Gaussian bond disorder on hyper-cubic lattices in d=2, 3, and 4 is studied for
a range of bond dilutions. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of using
bond dilution to elucidate low-temperature properties of Ising spin glasses,
and provide a starting point to enhance the methods used in reduction. Based on
that, a greedy heuristic call ``Dominant Bond Reduction'' is introduced and
explored.


title:
On a conjectured inequality in convex analysis in the case of the unit
  ball of lp^n, 1<= p<= infinity

abstract:
  We re-confirm, for the case of the unit p-ball of R^n, one of recent
conjectures of G.Kuperberg on centrally symmetric convex bodies.This conjecture
was very recently confirmrd for this particular case by D.A.Gutierrez using
polygamma functions and convexity theory.We present another proof using only
the basic properties of gamma function and mildly advanced classical analysis
tools.


title: 2-block Springer fibers: convolution algebras and coherent sheaves

abstract:
  For a fixed 2-block Springer fiber, we describe the structure of its
irreducible components and their relation to the Bialynicki-Birula paving,
following work of Fung. That is, we consider the space of complete flags in C^n
preserved by a fixed nilpotent matrix with 2 Jordan blocks, and study the
action of diagonal matrices commuting with our fixed nilpotent. In particular,
we describe the structure of each component, its set of torus fixed points, and
prove a conjecture of Fung describing the intersection of any pair.
  Then we define a convolution algebra structure on the direct sum of the
cohomologies of pairwise intersections of irreducible components and closures
of C^*-attracting sets (that is, Bialynicki-Birula cells), and show this is
isomorphic to a generalization of the arc algebra of Khovanov defined by the
first author. We investigate the connection of this algebra to Cautis &
Kamnitzer's recent work on link homology via coherent sheaves and suggest
directions for future research.


title:
A test of the nature of cosmic acceleration using galaxy redshift
  distortions

abstract:
  Observations of distant supernovae indicate that the Universe is now in a
phase of accelerated expansion the physical cause of which is a mystery.
Formally, this requires the inclusion of a term acting as a negative pressure
in the equations of cosmic expansion, accounting for about 75 per cent of the
total energy density in the Universe. The simplest option for this "dark
energy" corresponds to a cosmological constant, perhaps related to the quantum
vacuum energy. Physically viable alternatives invoke either the presence of a
scalar field with an evolving equation of state, or extensions of general
relativity involving higher-order curvature terms or extra dimensions. Although
they produce similar expansion rates, different models predict measurable
differences in the growth rate of large-scale structure with cosmic time. A
fingerprint of this growth is provided by coherent galaxy motions, which
introduce a radial anisotropy in the clustering pattern reconstructed by galaxy
redshift surveys. Here we report a measurement of this effect at a redshift of
0.8. Using a new survey of more than 10,000 faint galaxies, we measure the
anisotropy parameter b = 0.70 +/- 0.26, which corresponds to a growth rate of
structure at that time of f = 0.91 +/- 0.36. This is consistent with the
standard cosmological-constant model with low matter density and flat geometry,
although the error bars are still too large to distinguish among alternative
origins for the accelerated expansion. This could be achieved with a further
factor-of-ten increase in the sampled volume at similar redshift.


title:
Infinitesimal deformation of p-adic differential equations on Berkovich
  curves

abstract:
  We show that if a differential equations $\mathscr{F}$ over a quasi-smooth
Berkovich curve $X$ has a certain compatibility condition with respect to an
automorphism $\sigma$ of $X$, and if the automorphism is sufficiently close to
the identity, then $\mathscr{F}$ acquires a semi-linear action of $\sigma$
(i.e. lifting that on $X$). This generalizes the previous works of Yves
Andr\'e, Lucia Di Vizio, and the author about $p$-adic $q$-difference
equations. We also obtain an application to Morita's $p$-adic Gamma function,
and to related values of $p$-adic $L$-functions.


title: Note on the construction of free monoids

abstract:
  We construct free monoids in a monoidal category with finite limits and
countable colimits, in which tensoring on either side preserves reflexive
coequalizers and colimits of countable chains.


title:
Dualities among 1T-Field Theories with Spin, Emerging from a Unifying
  2T-Field Theory

abstract:
  The relation between two time physics (2T-physics) and the ordinary one time
formulation of physics (1T-physics) is similar to the relation between a
3-dimensional object moving in a room and its multiple shadows moving on walls
when projected from different perspectives. The multiple shadows as seen by
observers stuck on the wall are analogous to the effects of the 2T-universe as
experienced in ordinary 1T spacetime. In this paper we develop some of the
quantitative aspects of this 2T to 1T relationship in the context of field
theory. We discuss 2T field theory in d+2 dimensions and its shadows in the
form of 1T field theories when the theory contains Klein-Gordon, Dirac and
Yang-Mills fields, such as the Standard Model of particles and forces. We show
that the shadow 1T field theories must have hidden relations among themselves.
These relations take the form of dualities and hidden spacetime symmetries. A
subset of the shadows are 1T field theories in different gravitational
backgrounds (different space-times) such as the flat Minkowski spacetime, the
Robertson-Walker expanding universe, AdS(d-k) x S(k) and others, including
singular ones. We explicitly construct the duality transformations among this
conformally flat subset, and build the generators of their hidden SO(d,2)
symmetry. The existence of such hidden relations among 1T field theories, which
can be tested by both theory and experiment in 1T-physics, is part of the
evidence for the underlying d+2 dimensional spacetime and the unifying
2T-physics structure.


title: Perspective on rainbow-ladder truncation

abstract:
  Prima facie the systematic implementation of corrections to the
rainbow-ladder truncation of QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations will uniformly
reduce in magnitude those calculated mass-dimensioned results for pseudoscalar
and vector meson properties that are not tightly constrained by symmetries. The
aim and interpretation of studies employing rainbow-ladder truncation are
reconsidered in this light.


title: Double Flavor Violating Top Quark Decays in Effective Theories

abstract:
  The possibility of detecting double flavor violating top quark transitions $t
\to u_i\tau \mu$ ($u_i=u,c$) is explored in a model--independent manner, using
the effective Lagrangian approach. Low--energy data, on high precision
measurements, and current experimental limits are used to constraint the
$tu_iH$ and $H\tau \mu$ vertices and then to calculate the branching ratio
BR$(t \to u_i\tau \mu)$. If in the Standard Model BR$(t \to u_i\tau \mu)$ is of
the order of $10^{-13}$$-10^{-14}$, higgs--mediated double flavor violating top
quark decays can occur with branching ratios ranging from $10^{-3}$ to
$10^{-4}$ for 114.4 GeV$/c^2$ $< m_H<$ $2m_W$, that is at the reach of the CERN
Large Hadron Collider.


title: Spontaneous Lorentz Violation via QED with Non-Exact Gauge Invariance

abstract:
  We reconsider an alternative theory of the QED with the photon as a massless
vector Nambu-Goldstone boson and show that the underlying spontaneous Lorentz
violation caused by the vector field vacuum expectation value, while being
superficial in gauge invariant theory, becomes physically significant in the
QED with a tiny gauge non-invariance. This leads, through special dispersion
relations appearing for charged fermions, to a new class of phenomena which
could be of distinctive observational interest in particle physics and
astrophysics. They include a significant change in the GZK cutoff for UHE
cosmic-ray nucleons, stability of high-energy pions and W bosons, modification
of nucleon beta decays, and some others.


title:
Observation of gamma-ray emission from the galaxy M87 above 250 GeV with
  VERITAS

abstract:
  The multiwavelength observation of the nearby radio galaxy M87 provides a
unique opportunity to study in detail processes occurring in Active Galactic
Nuclei from radio waves to TeV gamma-rays. Here we report the detection of
gamma-ray emission above 250 GeV from M87 in spring 2007 with the VERITAS
atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array and discuss its correlation with the
X-ray emission. The gamma-ray emission is measured to be point-like with an
intrinsic source radius less than 4.5 arcmin. The differential energy spectrum
is fitted well by a power-law function:
dPhi/dE=(7.4+-1.3_{stat}+-1.5_{sys})(E/TeV)^{-2.31+-0.17_{stat}+-0.2_{sys}}
10^{-9}m^{-2}s^{-1}TeV^{-1}. We show strong evidence for a year-scale
correlation between the gamma-ray flux reported by TeV experiments and the
X-ray emission measured by the ASM/RXTE observatory, and discuss the possible
short-time-scale variability. These results imply that the gamma-ray emission
from M87 is more likely associated with the core of the galaxy than with other
bright X-ray features in the jet.


title: Transfer of ideals and quantization of small nilpotent orbits

abstract:
  We introduce and study a transfer map between ideals of the universal
enveloping algebras of two members of a reductive dual pair of Lie algebras.
Its definition is motivated by the approach to the real Howe duality through
the theory of Capelli identities. We prove that this map provides a lower bound
on the annihilators of theta lifts of representations with a fixed annihilator
ideal. We also show that in the algebraic stable range, transfer respects the
class of quantizations of nilpotent orbit closures. As an application, we
explicitly describe quantizations of small nilpotent orbits of general linear
and orthogonal Lie algebras and give presentations of certain rings of
algebraic differential operators. We consider two algebraic versions of Howe
duality and reformulate our results in terms of noncommutative Capelli
identities.


title:
Self-similar cosmologies in 5D: Our universe as a topological separation
  from an empty 5D Minkowski space

abstract:
  In this paper we find the most general self-similar, homogeneous and
isotropic, Ricci flat cosmologies in 5D. These cosmologies show a number of
interesting features: (i) the field equations allow a complete integration in
terms of one arbitrary function of the similarity variable, and a free
parameter; (ii) the three-dimensional spatial surfaces are flat; (iii) the
extra dimension is spacelike; (iv) the general solution is Riemann-flat in 5D
but curved in 4D, which means that an observer confined to 4D spacetime can
relate this curvature to the presence of matter, as determined by the Einstein
equations in 4D. We show that these cosmologies can be interpreted, or used, as
5D Riemann-flat embeddings for spatially-flat FRW cosmologies in 4D. In this
interpretation our universe arises as a topological separation from an empty 5D
Minkowski space, as envisioned by Zeldovich.


title: Symmetry condition in terms of Lie brackets

abstract:
  A passive orthonomic system of PDEs defines a submanifold in the
corresponding jet manifold, coordinated by so called parametric derivatives. We
restrict the total differential operators and the prolongation of an
evolutionary vector field v to this submanifold. We show that the vanishing of
their commutators is equivalent to v being a generalized symmetry of the
system.


title:
Diffeomorphisms of the circle and Brownian motions on an
  infinite-dimensional symplectic group

abstract:
  An embedding of the group $\Diff(S^{1})$ of orientation preserving
diffeomorphims of the unit circle $S^1$ into an infinite-dimensional symplectic
group, $\Sp(\infty)$, is studied. The authors prove that this embedding is not
surjective. A Brownian motion is constructed on $\Sp(\infty)$. This study is
motivated by recent work of H. Airault, S. Fang and P. Malliavin.


title:
Classification of non-symplectic automorphisms of order 3 on $K3$
  surfaces

abstract:
  In this paper, we study non-symplectic automorphisms of order 3 on algebraic
$K3$ surface over $\mathbb{C}$ which act trivially on the N\'{e}ron-Severi
lattice. In particular we shall characterize their fixed locus in terms of the
invariants of 3-elementary lattices.


title: To Broad-Match or Not to Broad-Match : An Auctioneer's Dilemma ?

abstract:
  We initiate the study of an interesting aspect of sponsored search
advertising, namely the consequences of broad match-a feature where an ad of an
advertiser can be mapped to a broader range of relevant queries, and not
necessarily to the particular keyword(s) that ad is associated with. Starting
with a very natural setting for strategies available to the advertisers, and
via a careful look through the algorithmic lens, we first propose solution
concepts for the game originating from the strategic behavior of advertisers as
they try to optimize their budget allocation across various keywords. Next, we
consider two broad match scenarios based on factors such as information
asymmetry between advertisers and the auctioneer, and the extent of
auctioneer's control on the budget splitting. In the first scenario, the
advertisers have the full information about broad match and relevant
parameters, and can reapportion their own budgets to utilize the extra
information; in particular, the auctioneer has no direct control over budget
splitting. We show that, the same broad match may lead to different equilibria,
one leading to a revenue improvement, whereas another to a revenue loss. This
leaves the auctioneer in a dilemma - whether to broad-match or not. This
motivates us to consider another broad match scenario, where the advertisers
have information only about the current scenario, and the allocation of the
budgets unspent in the current scenario is in the control of the auctioneer. We
observe that the auctioneer can always improve his revenue by judiciously using
broad match. Thus, information seems to be a double-edged sword for the
auctioneer.


title: Integrable conditions for Dirac Equation and Schr\"odinger equation

abstract:
  By constructing the commutative operators chain, we derive the integrable
conditions for solving the eigenfunctions of Dirac equation and Schr\"odinger
equation. These commutative relations correspond to the intrinsic symmetry of
the physical system, which are equivalent to the original partial differential
equation can be solved by separation of variables. Detailed calculation shows
that, only a few cases can be completely solved by separation of variables. In
general cases, we have to solve the Dirac equation and Schr\"odinger equation
by effective perturbation or approximation methods, especially in the cases
including nonlinear potential or self interactive potentials.


title:
Tropical geometric interpretation of ultradiscrete singularity
  confinement

abstract:
  Using the interpretation of the ultradiscretization procedure as a
non-Archimedean valuation, we use results of tropical geometry to show how
roots and poles manifest themselves in piece-wise linear systems as points of
non-differentiability. This will allow us to demonstrate a correspondence
between singularity confinement for discrete integrable systems and
ultradiscrete singularity confinement for ultradiscrete integrable systems.


title: Modeling low energy sputtering of hexagonal boron nitride by xenon ions

abstract:
  The sputtering of hexagonal boron nitride due to low energy xenon ion
bombardments occurs in various applications including fabrication of cubic
boron nitride and erosion of Hall thruster channel walls. At low ion energies,
accurate experimental characterization of sputter yields increases in
difficulty due to the low yields involved. A molecular dynamics model is
employed to simulate the sputtering process and to calculate sputter yields for
ion energies ranging from 10 eV to 350 eV. The results are compared to
experimental data and a semi-empirical expression developed by Bohdansky is
found to adequately describe the simulation data. Surface temperature effects
are also investigated, and the sputter yield at 850 K is approximately twice
that at 423 K.


title: SOHO/SUMER Observations of Prominence Oscillation Before Eruption

abstract:
  Coronal mass ejections (CMEs), as a large-scale eruptive phenomenon, often
reveal some precursors in the initiation phase, e.g., X-ray brightening,
filament darkening, etc, which are useful for CME modeling and space weather
forecast.
  With the SOHO/SUMER spectroscopic observations of the 2000 September 26
event, we propose another precursor for CME eruptions, namely, long-time
prominence oscillations.
  The prominence oscillation-and-eruption event was observed by ground-based
H$\alpha$ telescopes and space-borne white-light, EUV imaging and spectroscopic
instruments. In particular, the SUMER slit was observing the prominence in a
sit-and-stare mode.
  The observations indicate that a siphon flow was moving from the proximity of
the prominence to a site at a projected distance of 270$''$, which was followed
by repetitive H$\alpha$ surges and continual prominence oscillations. The
oscillation lasted 4 hours before the prominence erupted as a blob-like CME.
The analysis of the multiwavelength data indicates that the whole series of
processes fits well into the emerging flux trigger mechanism for CMEs. In this
mechanism, emerging magnetic flux drives a siphon flow due to increased gas
pressure where the background polarity emerges. It also drives H$\alpha$ surges
through magnetic reconnection where the opposite polarity emerges. The magnetic
reconnection triggers the prominence oscillations, as well as its loss of
equilibrium, which finally leads to the eruption of the prominence. It is also
found that the reconnection between the emerging flux and the pre-existing
magnetic loop proceeds in an intermittent, probably quasi-periodic, way.


title: Classical Antiferromagnetism on Torquato-Stillinger Packings

abstract:
  Torquato and Stillinger have constructed a new family of frustrated lattices
by unusually high dilution of close packed structures while preserving
structural stability. We show that an infinite subclass of these structures has
an underlying topology that greatly simplifies determination of their magnetic
phase structure for nearest neighbor antiferromagnetism interactions and O(N)
spins.


title:
A spectral line survey in the 2 mm and 1.3 mm windows toward the carbon
  rich envelope of IRC +10216

abstract:
  We present the results of our spectral line surveys in the 2 mm and 1.3 mm
windows toward the carbon rich envelope of IRC +10216. Totally 377 lines are
detected, among which 360 lines are assigned to 57 known molecules (including
29 rare isotopomers and 2 cyclic isomers). Only 17 weak lines remain
unidentified. Rotational lines of isotopomers 13CCH and HN13C are detected for
the first time in IRC +10216. The detection of the formaldehyde lines in this
star is also confirmed. Possible abundance difference among the three 13C
substituted isotopic isomers of HC3N is reported. Isotopic ratios of C and O
are confirmed to be non-solar while those of S and Si to be nearly solar.
Column densities have been estimated for 15 molecular species. Modified
spectroscopic parameters have been calculated for NaCN, Na13CN, KCN and SiC2.
Transition frequencies from the present observations were used to improve the
spectroscopic parameters of Si13CC, 29SiC2 and 30SiC2.


title: A Hochschild-cyclic approach to additive higher Chow cycles

abstract:
  Over a field of characteristic zero, we introduce two motivic operations on
additive higher Chow cycles: analogues of the Connes boundary $B$ operator and
the shuffle product on Hochschild complexes. The former allows us to apply the
formalism of mixed complexes to additive Chow complexes building a bridge
between additive higher Chow theory and additive $K$-theory. The latter induces
a wedge product on additive Chow groups for which we show that the Connes
operator is a graded derivation for the wedge product using a variation of a
Totaro's cycle. Hence, the additive higher Chow groups with the wedge product
and the Connes operator form a commutative differential graded algebra. On
zero-cycles, they induce the wedge product and the exterior derivation on the
absolute K\"ahler differentials, answering a question of S. Bloch and H.
Esnault.


title:
Influence of the hadronic equation of state on the hadron-quark phase
  transition in neutron stars

abstract:
  We study the hadron-quark phase transition in the interior of neutron stars.
The relativistic mean field (RMF) theory is adopted to describe the hadronic
matter phase, while the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model is used for the quark
matter phase. The influence of the hadronic equation of state on the phase
transition and neutron star properties are investigated. We find that a neutron
star possesses a large population of hyperons, but it is not dense enough to
possess a pure quark core. Whether the mixed phase of hadronic and quark matter
exist in the core of neutron stars depends on the RMF parameters used.


title:
Investigation of ultrafast laser photonic material interactions:
  challenges for directly written glass photonics

abstract:
  Currently, direct-write waveguide fabrication is probably the most widely
studied application of femtosecond laser micromachining in transparent
dielectrics. Devices such as buried waveguides, power splitters, couplers,
gratings and optical amplifiers have all been demonstrated. Waveguide
properties depend critically on the sample material properties and writing
laser characteristics. In this paper we discuss the challenges facing
researchers using the femtosecond laser direct-write technique with specific
emphasis being placed on the suitability of fused silica and phosphate glass as
device hosts for different applications.


title: Electro-viscous effects in capillary filling of nanochannels

abstract:
  We theoretically examine the widespread hypothesis of an electro-viscous
origin of the increase in apparent viscosity observed in recent experiments on
capillary filling of nanochannels. Including Debye-layer corrections to the
hydraulic resistance we find that the apparent viscosity reaches a maximum in
the mesoscopic regime where the channel height (or more generally the hydraulic
radius) is comparable to the screening length. However, for realistic estimates
of central parameters, we find that the electro-viscous contribution to the
apparent viscosity is at most a 1% effect.


title: Knots in a Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensate

abstract:
  We show that knots of spin textures can be created in the polar phase of a
spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate, and discuss experimental schemes for their
generation and probe, together with their lifetime.


title: Heat transfer between a nano-tip and a surface

abstract:
  We study quasi-ballistic heat transfer through air between a hot
nanometer-scale tip and a sample. The hot tip/surface configuration is widely
used to perform nonintrusive confined heating. Using a Monte-Carlo simulation,
we find that the thermal conductance reaches 0.8 MW.m-2K-1 on the surface under
the tip and show the shape of the heat flux density distribution
(nanometer-scale thermal spot). These results show that a surface can be
efficiently heated locally without contact. The temporal resolution of the heat
transfer is a few tens of picoseconds.


title:
Analytical approximation schemes for solving exact renormalization group
  equations. II Conformal mappings

abstract:
  We present a new efficient analytical approximation scheme to two-point
boundary value problems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) adapted to
the study of the derivative expansion of the exact renormalization group
equations. It is based on a compactification of the complex plane of the
independent variable using a mapping of an angular sector onto a unit disc. We
explicitly treat, for the scalar field, the local potential approximations of
the Wegner-Houghton equation in the dimension $d=3$ and of the
Wilson-Polchinski equation for some values of $d\in ] 2,3] $. We then consider,
for $d=3$, the coupled ODEs obtained by Morris at the second order of the
derivative expansion. In both cases the fixed points and the eigenvalues
attached to them are estimated. Comparisons of the results obtained are made
with the shooting method and with the other analytical methods available. The
best accuracy is reached with our new method which presents also the advantage
of being very fast. Thus, it is well adapted to the study of more complicated
systems of equations.


title:
Discovery of Spatial Periodicities in a Coronal Loop using Automated
  Edge-Tracking Algorithms

abstract:
  A new method for automated coronal loop tracking, in both spatial and
temporal domains, is presented. Applying this technique to TRACE data, obtained
using the 171 Angstrom filter on 1998 July 14, we detect a coronal loop
undergoing a 270s kink-mode oscillation, as previously found by Aschwanden et
al. (1999). However, we also detect flare-induced, and previously unnoticed,
spatial periodicities on a scale of 3500km, which occur along the coronal-loop
edge. Furthermore, we establish a reduction in oscillatory power for these
spatial periodicities of 45% over a 222s interval. We relate the reduction in
detected oscillatory power to the physical damping of these loop-top
oscillations.


title: The quantum theory of scalar fields on the de Sitter expanding universe

abstract:
  New quantum modes of the free scalar field are derived in a special
time-evolution picture that may be introduced in moving charts of de Sitter
backgrounds. The wave functions of these new modes are solutions of the
Klein-Gordon equation and energy eigenfunctions, defining the energy basis.
This completes the scalar quantum mechanics where the momentum basis is
well-known from long time. In this enlarged framework the quantization of the
scalar field can be done in canonical way obtaining the principal conserved
one-particle operators and the Green functions.


title: Effective capacitance in a single-electron transistor

abstract:
  Starting from the Kubo formula for conductance, we calculate the
frequency-dependent response of a single-electron transistor (SET) driven by an
ac signal. Treating tunneling processes within the lowest order approximation,
valid for a wide range of parameters, we discover a finite reactive part even
under Coulomb blockade due to virtual processes. At low frequencies this can be
described by an effective capacitance. This effect can be probed with microwave
reflection measurements in radio-frequency (rf) SET provided that the
capacitance of the surroundings does not completely mask that of the SET.


title:
Canonical and Lie-algebraic twist deformations of $\kappa$-Poincare and
  contractions to $\kappa$-Galilei algebras

abstract:
  We propose canonical and Lie-algebraic twist deformations of
$\kappa$-deformed Poincare Hopf algebra which leads to the generalized
$\kappa$-Minkowski space-time relations. The corresponding deformed
$\kappa$-Poincare quantum groups are also calculated. Finally, we perform the
nonrelativistic contraction limit to the corresponding twisted Galilean
algebras and dual Galilean quantum groups.


title:
Genuine tripartite entanglement monotone of $(2\otimes 2\otimes n)-$
  dimensional systems

abstract:
  A genuine tripartite entanglement monotone is presented for $(2\otimes
2\otimes n)$-dimensional tripartite pure states by introducing a new
entanglement measure for bipartite pure states. As an application, we consider
the genuine tripartite entanglement of the ground state of the exactly solvable
isotropic spin-1/2 chain with three-spin interaction. It is shown that the
singular behavior of the genuine tripartite entanglement exactly signals a
quantum phase transition.


title: GPS & CSS radio sources and space-VLBI

abstract:
  A short overview is given of the status of research on young extragalactic
radio sources. We concentrate on Very Long Baseline Interferometric (VLBI), and
space-VLBI results obtained with the VLBI Space Observatory Programme (VSOP).
In 2012, VSOP-2 will be launched, which will allow VLBI observations at an
unprecedented angular resolution. One particular question VSOP-2 could answer
is whether some of the High Frequency Peakers (HFP) are indeed the youngest
objects in the family of GPS and CSS sources. VSOP-2 observations can reveal
their angular morphology and determine whether any are Ultra-compact Symmetric
Objects.


title: Logarithmic nonabelian Hodge theory in characteristic p

abstract:
  Given a morphism $X \to S$ of log schemes of characteristic $p > 0$ and a
lifting of $X'$ over $S$ modulo $p^2$, we use Lorenzon's indexed algebras
$A_X^{gp}$ and $B_{X/S}$ to construct an equivalence between $O_X$-modules with
nilpotent integrable connection and indexed $B_{X/S}$-modules with nilpotent
$B_{X/S}$-linear Higgs field. If either satisfies a stricter nilpotence
condition, we find an isomorphism between the de Rham cohomology of the
connection and the Higgs cohomology of the Higgs field.


title: Measurement Analysis and Quantum Gravity

abstract:
  We consider the question of whether consistency arguments based on
measurement theory show that the gravitational field must be quantized.
Motivated by the argument of Eppley and Hannah, we apply a DeWitt-type
measurement analysis to a coupled system that consists of a gravitational wave
interacting with a mass cube. We also review the arguments of Eppley and Hannah
and of DeWitt, and investigate a second model in which a gravitational wave
interacts with a quantized scalar field. We argue that one cannot conclude from
the existing gedanken experiments that gravity has to be quantized. Despite the
many physical arguments which speak in favor of a quantum theory of gravity, it
appears that the justification for such a theory must be based on empirical
tests and does not follow from logical arguments alone.


title:
Bulk superconductivity in Type II superconductors near the second
  critical field

abstract:
  We consider superconductors of Type II near the transition from the 'bulk
superconducting' to the 'surface superconducting' state. We prove a new
$L^{\infty}$ estimate on the order parameter in the bulk, i.e. away from the
boundary. This solves an open problem posed by Aftalion and Serfaty.


title: Twisted Superspace

abstract:
  We formulate the ten-dimensional super-Yang-Mills theory in a twisted
superspace with 8+1 supercharges. Its constraints do not imply the equations of
motion and we solve them. As a preliminary step for a complete formulation in a
twisted superspace, we give a superspace path-integral formulation of the N=2,
d=4 super-Yang-Mills theory without matter. The action is the sum of a
Chern--Simons term depending on a super-connection plus a BF-like term. The
integration over the superfield B implements the twisted superspace constraints
on the super-gauge field, and the Chern-Simons action reduces to the known
action in components.


title:
Exact stochastic simulation of dissipation and non-Markovian effects in
  open quantum systems

abstract:
  The exact dynamics of a system coupled to an environment can be described by
an integro-differential stochastic equation of its reduced density. The
influence of the environment is incorporated through a mean-field which is both
stochastic and non-local in time and where the standard two-times correlation
functions of the environment appear naturally. Since no approximation is made,
the presented theory incorporates exactly dissipative and non-Markovian
effects. Applications to the spin-boson model coupled to a heat-bath with
various coupling regimes and temperature show that the presented stochastic
theory can be a valuable tool to simulate exactly the dynamics of open quantum
systems. Links with stochastic Schroedinger equation method and possible
extensions to "imaginary time" propagation are discussed.


title: The number of small covers over cubes

abstract:
  In the present paper we find a bijection between the set of small covers over
an $n$-cube and the set of acyclic digraphs with $n$ labeled nodes. Using this,
we give a formula of the number of small covers over an $n$-cube (generally, a
product of simplices) up to Davis-Januszkiewicz equivalence classes and
$\mathbf{Z}^n$-equivariant diffeomorphism classes. Moreover we prove that the
number of acyclic digraphs with $n$ unlabeled nodes is an upper bound of the
number of small covers over an $n$-cube up to diffeomorphism.


title:
Quantitative uniqueness for second order elliptic operators with
  strongly singular coefficients

abstract:
  In this paper we study the local behavior of a solution to second order
elliptic operators with sharp singular coefficients in lower order terms. One
of the main results is the bound on the vanishing order of the solution, which
is a quantitative estimate of the strong unique continuation property. Our
proof relies on Carleman estimates with carefully chosen phases. A key strategy
in the proof is to derive doubling inequalities via three-sphere inequalities.
Our method can also be applied to certain elliptic systems with similar
singular coefficients.


title: Hamiltonian structure of reductions of the Benney system

abstract:
  We show how to construct the Hamiltonian structures of any reduction of the
Benney chain (dKP) starting from the family of conformal maps associated to it.


title:
Self-assembly of protein amyloid: a competition between amorphous and
  ordered aggregation

abstract:
  Protein aggregation in the form of amyloid fibrils has important biological
and technological implications. Although the self-assembly process is highly
efficient, aggregates not in the fibrillar form would also occur and it is
important to include these disordered species when discussing the thermodynamic
equilibrium behavior of the system. Here, we initiate such a task by
considering a mixture of monomeric proteins and the corresponding aggregates in
the disordered form (micelles) and in the fibrillar form (amyloid fibrils).
Starting with a model on the respective binding free energies for these
species, we calculate their concentrations at thermal equilibrium. We then
discuss how the incorporation of the disordered structure furthers our
understanding on the various amyloid promoting factors observed empirically,
and on the kinetics of fibrilization.


title: Electric double layer in concentrated solutions of ionic surfactants

abstract:
  A simple non-local theoretical model is developed considering concentrated
ionic surfactant solutions as regular ones. Their thermodynamics is described
by the Cahn-Hilliard theory coupled with electrostatics. It is discovered that
unstable solutions possess two critical temperatures, where the temperature
coefficients of all characteristic lengths are discontinuous. At temperatures
below the lower critical temperature ionic surfactant solutions separate into
thin layers of oppositely charged liquids spread across the whole system and
the electric potential is strictly periodic. At temperatures between the two
critical temperatures separation can occur only near the solution surface thus
leading to an oscillatory-decaying electric double layer. At temperatures above
the higher critical temperature as well as in stable solutions there is no
separation and the electric potential decays exponentially.


title:
Dispersive estimates for the Schrodinger equation in dimensions four and
  five

abstract:
  We prove optimal (that is, without loss of derivatives) dispersive estimates
for the Schrodinger group $e^{it(-\Delta+V)}$ for a class of real-valued
potentials $V\in C^k(R^n)$ with $k>(n-3)/2$, where $n=4,5$.


title: Unbounded Viscosity Solutions of Hybrid Control Systems

abstract:
  We study a hybrid control system in which both discrete and continuous
controls are involved. The discrete controls act on the system at a given set
interface. The state of the system is changed discontinuously when the
trajectory hits predefined sets, namely, an autonomous jump set $A$ or a
controlled jump set $C$ where controller can choose to jump or not. At each
jump, trajectory can move to a different Euclidean space. We allow the cost
functionals to be unbounded with certain growth and hence the corresponding
value function can be unbounded. We characterize the value function as the
unique viscosity solution of the associated quasivariational inequality in a
suitable function class. We also consider the evolutionary, finite horizon
hybrid control problem with similar model and prove that the value function is
the unique viscosity solution in the continuous function class while allowing
cost functionals as well as the dynamics to be unbounded.


title: The Structure and Dynamics of Gene Regulation Networks

abstract:
  The structure and dynamics of a typical biological system are complex due to
strong and inhomogeneous interactions between its constituents. The
investigation of such systems with classical mathematical tools, such as
differential equations for their dynamics, is not always suitable. The graph
theoretical models may serve as a rough but powerful tool in such cases. In
this thesis, I first consider the network modeling for the representation of
the biological systems. Both the topological and dynamical investigation tools
are developed and applied to the various model networks. In particular, the
attractor features' scaling with system size and distributions are explored for
model networks. Moreover, the theoretical robustness expressions are discussed
and computational studies are done for confirmation. The main biological
research in this thesis is to investigate the transcriptional regulation of
gene expression with synchronously and deterministically updated Boolean
network models. I explore the attractor structure and the robustness of the
known interaction network of the yeast, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and compare
with the model networks. Furthermore, I discuss a recent model claiming a
possible root to the topology of the yeast's gene regulation network and
investigate this model dynamically. The thesis also included another study
which investigates a relation between folding kinetics with a new network
representation, namely, the incompatibility network of a protein's native
structure. I showed that the conventional topological aspects of these networks
are not statistically correlated with the phi-values, for the limited data that
is available.


title: Logarithmic Combinatorial Differentials

abstract:
  Given a morphism $X \to S$ of fine log schemes, we develop a geometric
description of the sheaves of higher-order differentials $\Omega^n_{X/S}$ for
$n > 1$, as well as a definition of the de Rham complex in terms of this
description.


title:
Classical and relativistic dynamics of supersolids: variational
  principle

abstract:
  We present a phenomenological Lagrangian and Poisson brackets for obtaining
nondissipative hydrodynamic theory of supersolids. A Lagrangian is constructed
on the basis of unification of the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics
and classical field theory. The Poisson brackets, governing the dynamics of
supersolids, are uniquely determined by the invariance requirement of the
kinematic part of the found Lagrangian. The generalization of Lagrangian is
discussed to include the dynamics of vortices. The obtained equations of motion
do not account for any dynamic symmetry associated with Galilean or Lorentz
invariance. They can be reduced to the original Andreev-Lifshitz equations if
to require Galilean invariance. We also present a relativistic-invariant
supersolid hydrodynamics, which might be useful in astrophysical applications.


title: The gravitational phase shift test of general relativity

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to study the extra phase shift that general
relativity (GR) predicts for a radial light ray propagating in the vicinity of
a static spherical symmetric body. It appears that the gravitational phase
shift test yields a better sensitivity than the gravitational frequency shift
or the excess time delay of the photons. An experiment is proposed for this new
test of GR pertaining exclusively to the wave aspect of light.


title: Signatures of Electron Fractionalization in Ultraquantum Bismuth

abstract:
  Because of the long Fermi wavelength of itinerant electrons, the quantum
limit of elemental bismuth (unlike most metals) can be attained with a moderate
magnetic field. The quantized orbits of electrons shrink with increasing
magnetic field. Beyond the quantum limit, the circumference of these orbits
becomes shorter than the Fermi wavelength. We studied transport coefficients of
a single crystal of bismuth up to 33 tesla, which is deep in this ultraquantum
limit. The Nernst coefficient presents three unexpected maxima that are
concomitant with quasi-plateaus in the Hall coefficient. The results suggest
that this bulk element may host an exotic quantum fluid reminiscent of the one
associated with the fractional quantum Hall effect and raise the issue of
electron fractionalization in a three-dimensional metal.


title:
A complete one-loop calculation of electroweak supersymmetric effects in
  $t$-channel single top production at LHC

abstract:
  We have computed the complete one-loop electroweak effects in the MSSM for
single top (and single antitop) production in the $t$-channel at hadron
colliders, generalizing a previous analysis performed for the dominant $dt$
final state and fully including QED effects. The results are quite similar for
all processes. The overall Standard Model one-loop effect is small, of the few
percent size. This is due to a compensation of weak and QED contributions that
are of opposite sign. The genuine SUSY contribution is generally quite modest
in the mSUGRA scenario. The experimental observables would therefore only
practically depend, in this framework, on the CKM $Wtb$ coupling.


title: Boundary conditions for a capillary fluid in contact with a wall

abstract:
  Contact of a fluid with a solid or an elastic wall is investigated. The wall
exerts molecular forces on the fluid which is locally strongly nonhomogeneous.
The problem is approached with a fluid energy of the second gradient form and a
wall surface energy depending on the value of the fluid density at the contact.
>From the virtual work principle are obtained limit conditions taking into
account the fluid density, its normal derivative to the wall and the curvature
of the surface


title: On the stability of a singular vortex dynamics

abstract:
  In this paper we address the question of the singular vortex dynamics
exhibited in [15], which generates a corner in finite time. The purpose is to
prove that under some appropriate small regular perturbation the corner still
remains. Our approach uses the Hasimoto transform and deals with the long range
scattering properties of a Gross-Pitaevski equation with time-variable
coefficients.


title: Large Qudit Limit of One-dimensional Quantum Walks

abstract:
  We study a series of one-dimensional discrete-time quantum-walk models
labeled by half integers $j=1/2, 1, 3/2, ...$, introduced by Miyazaki {\it et
al.}, each of which the walker's wave function has $2j+1$ components and
hopping range at each time step is $2j$. In long-time limit the density
functions of pseudovelocity-distributions are generally given by superposition
of appropriately scaled Konno's density function. Since Konno's density
function has a finite open support and it diverges at the boundaries of
support, limit distribution of pseudovelocities in the $(2j+1)$-component model
can have $2j+1$ pikes, when $2j+1$ is even. When $j$ becomes very large,
however, we found that these pikes vanish and a universal and monotone convex
structure appears around the origin in limit distributions. We discuss a
possible route from quantum walks to classical diffusion associated with the $j
\to \infty$ limit.


title: Variability in the cycle length of the supersoft source RX J0513.9-6951

abstract:
  The supersoft X-ray binary RX J0513.9-6951 shows cyclic changes between
optical-low / X-ray-on states and optical-high / X-ray-off states. It is
supposed to be accreting close to the Eddington-critical limit and driven by
"accretion wind evolution". We seek to derive the variations in the
characteristic time scales of the long-term optical light curve and to
determine the implications for the physical parameters of the system. We used
existing and new optical monitoring observations covering a total time span of
14 years and compared the durations of the low and high states with the model
calculations of Hachisu & Kato. The cycle lengths and especially the durations
of the optical high states show a longterm modulation with variations that,
according to the accretion wind evolution model, would imply variations in the
mass transfer rate by a factor of 5 on timescales of years.


title: Proto-Neutron and Neutron Stars in a Chiral SU(3) Model

abstract:
  A hadronic chiral SU(3) model is applied to neutron and proto-neutron stars,
taking into account trapped neutrinos, finite temperature and entropy. The
transition to the chirally restored phase is studied and global properties of
the stars like minimum and maximum masses and radii are calculated for
different cases. In addition, the effects of rotation on neutron star masses
are included and the conservation of baryon number and angular momentum
determine the maximum frequencies of rotation during the cooling.


title:
Excitation levels and magic numbers of small para-Hydrogen clusters (N$
  \le 40$)

abstract:
  The excitation energies of parahydrogen clusters have been systematically
calculated by the diffusion Monte Carlo technique in steps of one molecule from
3 to 40 molecules. These clusters possess a very rich spectra, with angular
momentum excitations arriving up to L=13 for the heavier ones. No regular
pattern can be guessed in terms of the angular momenta and the size of the
cluster. Clusters with N=13 and 36 are characterized by a peak in the chemical
potential and a large energy gap of the first excited level, which indicate the
magical character of these clusters. From the calculated excitation energies
the partition function has been obtained, thus allowing for an estimate of
thermal effects. An enhanced production is predicted for cluster sizes N=13, 31
and 36, in agreement with experiment.


title:
Exploiting problem structure in a genetic algorithm approach to a nurse
  rostering problem

abstract:
  There is considerable interest in the use of genetic algorithms to solve
problems arising in the areas of scheduling and timetabling. However, the
classical genetic algorithm paradigm is not well equipped to handle the
conflict between objectives and constraints that typically occurs in such
problems. In order to overcome this, successful implementations frequently make
use of problem specific knowledge. This paper is concerned with the development
of a GA for a nurse rostering problem at a major UK hospital. The structure of
the constraints is used as the basis for a co-evolutionary strategy using
co-operating sub-populations. Problem specific knowledge is also used to define
a system of incentives and disincentives, and a complementary mutation
operator. Empirical results based on 52 weeks of live data show how these
features are able to improve an unsuccessful canonical GA to the point where it
is able to provide a practical solution to the problem


title: Tightly bound gap solitons in a Fermi gas

abstract:
  Within the framework of the mean-field-hydrodynamic model of a degenerate
Fermi gas (DFG), we study, by means of numerical methods and variational
approximation (VA), the formation of fundamental gap solitons (FGSs) in a DFG
(or in a BCS superfluid generated by weak interaction between spin-up and
spin-down fermions), which is trapped in a periodic optical-lattice (OL)
potential. An effectively one-dimensional (1D) configuration is considered,
assuming strong transverse confinement; in parallel, a proper 1D model of the
DFG (which amounts to the known quintic equation for the Tonks-Girardeau gas in
the OL) is considered too. The FGSs found in the first two bandgaps of the
OL-induced spectrum (unless they are very close to edges of the gaps) feature a
tightly-bound shape, being essentially confined to a single cell of the OL. In
the second bandgap, we also find antisymmetric tightly-bound subfundamental
solitons (SFSs), with zero at the midpoint. The SFSs are also confined to a
single cell of the OL, but, unlike the FGSs, they are unstable. The predicted
solitons, consisting of $\sim 10^4 - 10^5$ atoms, can be created by available
experimental techniques in the DFG of $^6$Li atoms.


title:
Self-energy renormalization around the flux phase in the $t-J$ model:
  Possible implications in underdoped cuprates

abstract:
  The flux phase predicted by the $t-J$ model in the large-N limit exhibits
features that make it a candidate for describing the pseudogap regime of
cuprates. However certain properties, as for instance the prediction of well
defined quasiparticle peaks, speak against this scenario. We have addressed
these issues by computing self-energy renormalizations in the vicinity to flux
phase. The calculated spectral functions show features similar to those
observed in experiments. At low doping, near the flux phase, the spectral
functions are anisotropic on the Fermi surface and very incoherent near the hot
spots. The temperature and doping evolution of self-energy and spectral
functions are discussed and compared with the experiment.