title: Dancing with black holes

abstract:
  We describe efforts over the last six years to implement regularization
methods suitable for studying one or more interacting black holes by direct
N-body simulations. Three different methods have been adapted to large-N
systems: (i) Time-Transformed Leapfrog, (ii) Wheel-Spoke, and (iii) Algorithmic
Regularization. These methods have been tried out with some success on
GRAPE-type computers. Special emphasis has also been devoted to including
post-Newtonian terms, with application to moderately massive black holes in
stellar clusters. Some examples of simulations leading to coalescence by
gravitational radiation will be presented to illustrate the practical
usefulness of such methods.


title: Strict essential extensions of C*-algebras and Hilbert C*-modules

abstract:
  In the present paper we develop both ideas of D. Baki\'c and B. Gulja{\v{s}}
and the categorical approach to multipliers from E.C. Lance's book and
publications of the second author, for the introduction and study of left
multipliers of Hilbert $C^*$-modules. Some properties and, in particular, the
property of maximality among all strictly essential extensions of a Hilbert
$C^*$-module for left multipliers are proved. Also relations between left
essential and left strictly essential extensions in different contexts are
obtained. Left essential and left strictly essential extensions of matrix
algebras are considered. In the final paragraph the topological approach to the
left multiplier theory of Hilbert $C^*$-modules is worked out.


title:
Single top-quark production by strong and electroweak supersymmetric
  flavor-changing interactions at the LHC

abstract:
  (Abridged) We report on a complete study of the single top-quark production
by direct supersymmetric flavor-changing neutral-current (FCNC) processes at
the LHC. The total cross section for pp(gg)->t\bar{c}+\bar{t}c is computed at
the 1-loop order within the unconstrained Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
(MSSM). The present study extends the results of the supersymmetric strong
effects (SUSY-QCD), which were advanced by some of us in a previous work, and
includes the computation of the full supersymmetric electroweak corrections
(SUSY-EW). Our analysis of pp(gg)->t\bar{c}+\bar{t}c in the MSSM has been
performed in correspondence with the stringent low-energy constraints from b->s
gamma. In the most favorable scenarios, the SUSY-QCD contribution can give rise
to production rates of around 10^5 events per 100 fb^{-1} of integrated
luminosity. Furthermore, we show that there exist regions of the MSSM parameter
space where the SUSY-EW correction becomes sizeable. In the SUSY-EW favored
regions, one obtains lower, but still appreciable, event production rates that
can reach the 10^3 level for the same range of integrated luminosity. We study
also the possible reduction in the maximum event rate obtained from the full
MSSM contribution if we additionally include the constraints from
B^0_s-\bar{B}^0_s. In view of the fact that the FCNC production of heavy quark
pairs of different flavors is extremely suppressed in the SM, the detection of
a significant number of these events could lead to evidence of new physics --
of likely supersymmetric origin.


title: On the Fraction of Quasars with Outflows

abstract:
  Outflows from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) seem to be common and are thought
to be important from a variety of perspectives: as an agent of chemical
enhancement of the interstellar and intergalactic media, as an agent of angular
momentum removal from the accreting central engine, and as an agent limiting
star formation in starbursting systems by blowing out gas and dust from the
host galaxy. To understand these processes, we must determine what fraction of
AGNs feature outflows and understand what forms they take. We examine recent
surveys of quasar absorption lines, reviewing the best means to determine if
systems are intrinsic and result from outflowing material, and the limitations
of approaches taken to date. The surveys reveal that, while the fraction of
specific forms of outflows depends on AGN properties, the overall fraction
displaying outflows is fairly constant, approximately 60%, over many orders of
magnitude in luminosity. We emphasize some issues concerning classification of
outflows driven by data type rather than necessarily the physical nature of
outflows, and illustrate how understanding outflows probably requires more a
comprehensive approach than has usually been taken in the past.


title:
The Lopsidedness of Present-Day Galaxies: Results from the Sloan Digital
  Sky Survey

abstract:
  Large-scale asymmetries in the stellar mass distribution in galaxies are
believed to trace non-equilibrium situations in the luminous and/or dark matter
component. These may arise in the aftermath of events like mergers, accretion,
and tidal interactions. These events are key in the evolution of galaxies. In
this paper we quantify the large-scale lopsidedness of light distributions in
25155 galaxies at z < 0.06 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 4
using the m = 1 azimuthal Fourier mode. We show that the lopsided distribution
of light is primarily due to a corresponding lopsidedness in the stellar mass
distribution. Observational effects, such as seeing, Poisson noise, and
inclination, introduce only small errors in lopsidedness for the majority of
this sample. We find that lopsidedness correlates strongly with other basic
galaxy structural parameters: galaxies with low concentration, stellar mass,
and stellar surface mass density tend to be lopsided, while galaxies with high
concentration, mass, and density are not. We find that the strongest and most
fundamental relationship between lopsidedness and the other structural
parameters is with the surface mass density. We also find, in agreement with
previous studies, that lopsidedness tends to increase with radius. Both these
results may be understood as a consequence of several factors. The outer
regions of galaxies and low-density galaxies are more susceptible to tidal
perturbations, and they also have longer dynamical times (so lopsidedness will
last longer). They are also more likely to be affected by any underlying
asymmetries in the dark matter halo.


title: Speed of Meridional Flows and Magnetic Flux Transport on the Sun

abstract:
  We use the magnetic butterfly diagram to determine the speed of the magnetic
flux transport on the solar surface towards the poles. The manifestation of the
flux transport is clearly visible as elongated structures extended from the
sunspot belt to the polar regions. The slopes of these structures are measured
and interpreted as meridional magnetic flux transport speed. Comparison with
the time-distance helioseismology measurements of the mean speed of the
meridional flows at the depth of 3.5--12 Mm shows a generally good agreement,
but the speeds of the flux transport and the meridional flow are significantly
different in areas occupied by the magnetic field. The local circulation flows
around active regions, especially the strong equatorward flows on the
equatorial side of active regions affect the mean velocity profile derived by
helioseismology, but do not influence the magnetic flux transport. The results
show that the mean longitudinally averaged meridional flow measurements by
helioseismology may not be used directly in solar dynamo models for describing
the magnetic flux transport, and that it is necessary to take into account the
longitudinal structure of these flows.


title:
Fully Sampled Maps of Ices and Silicates in Front of Cepheus A East with
  Spitzer

abstract:
  We report the first fully sampled maps of the distribution of interstellar
CO2 ices, H2O ices and total hydrogen nuclei, as inferred from the 9.7 micron
silicate feature, toward the star-forming region Cepheus A East with the IRS
instrument onboard the Spitzer Space Telescope. We find that the column density
distributions for these solid state features all peak at, and are distributed
around, the location of HW2, the protostar believed to power one of the
outflows observed in this star-forming region. A correlation between the column
density distributions of CO2 and water ice with that of total hydrogen
indicates that the solid state features we mapped mostly arise from the same
molecular clumps along the probed sight lines. We therefore derive average CO2
ice and water ice abundances with respect to the total hydrogen column density
of X(CO2)_ice~1.9x10^-5 and X(H2O)_ice~7.5x10^-5. Within errors, the abundances
for both ices are relatively constant over the mapped region exhibiting both
ice absorptions. The fraction of CO2 ice with respect to H2O ice is also
relatively constant at a value of 22% over that mapped region. A clear
triple-peaked structure is seen in the CO2 ice profiles. Fits to those profiles
using current laboratory ice analogs suggest the presence of both a
low-temperature polar ice mixture and a high-temperature methanol-rich ice
mixture along the probed sightlines. Our results further indicate that thermal
processing of these ices occurred throughout the sampled region.


title:
Accuracy of approximation of subharmonic functions by logarithms of
  moduli of analytic ones in Chebyshev metrics

abstract:
  It is known that a subharmonic function of finite order $\rho$ can be
approximated by the logarithm of the modulus of an entire function at the point
$z$ outside an exceptional set up to $C\log|z|$. In this article we prove that
if such an approximation is made more precise, i. e. a constant
  $C$ decreases, then, beginning with $C=\rho/4$, the size of the exceptional
set enlarges substantially. Similar results are proved for subharmonic
functions of infinite order and functions subharmonic in the unit disk. These
theorems improve and complement a result by Yulmukhametov.


title:
Novel Precursors for Boron Nanotubes: The Competition of Two-Center and
  Three-Center Bonding in Boron Sheets

abstract:
  We present a new class of boron sheets, composed of triangular and hexagonal
motifs, that are more stable than structures considered to date and thus are
likely to be the precursors of boron nanotubes. We describe a simple and clear
picture of electronic bonding in boron sheets and highlight the importance of
three-center bonding and its competition with two-center bonding, which can
also explain the stability of recently discovered boron fullerenes. Our
findings call for reconsideration of the literature on boron sheets, nanotubes,
and clusters.


title: Absence of Quantum States Corresponding to Unstable Classical Channels

abstract:
  We consider Hamiltonian systems of a certain class with unstable orbits
moving to infinity. We prove a theorem showing that analogous quantum states do
not exist. This theorem is applied to Schrodinger operators with potentials of
degree zero which are Morse when restricted to the unit sphere.


title: Ratio of charm to bottom R_AA as a test of pQCD vs. AdS/CFT energy loss

abstract:
  LHC predictions for the charm and bottom nuclear modification factors using
pQCD and AdS/CFT drag energy loss models are given. We show that a new
observable, the double ratio of charm to bottom nuclear modification factors,
allows for easy experimental distinction between the two classes of energy loss
models.


title: Commuting Families in Temperley-Lieb Algebras

abstract:
  We define analogs of the Jucys-Murphy elements for the affine Temperley-Lieb
algebra and give their explicit expansion in terms of the basis of planar
Brauer diagrams. These Jucys-Murphy elements are a family of commuting elements
in the affine Temperley-Lieb algebra, and we compute their eigenvalues on the
generic irreducible representations. We show that they come from Jucys-Murphy
elements in the affine Hecke algebra of type A, which in turn come from the
Casimir element of the quantum group $U_h\mathfrak{gl}_n$. We also give the
explicit specializations of these results to the finite Temperley-Lieb algebra.


title:
Highly Collimated Jets and Wide-Angle Outflows in HH46/47: New Evidence
  from Spitzer IR Images

abstract:
  We present new details of the structure and morphology of the jets and
outflows in HH46/47 as seen in Spitzer infrared images from IRAC and MIPS,
reprocessed using the ``HiRes'' deconvolution technique. HiRes improves the
visualization of spatial morphology by enhancing resolution (to sub-arcsec
levels in IRAC bands) and removing the contaminating side lobes from bright
sources. In addition to sharper views of previously reported bow shocks, we
have detected: (i) the sharply-delineated cavity walls of the wide-angle
biconical outflow, seen in scattered light on both sides of the protostar, (ii)
several very narrow jet features at distances 400 AU to 0.1 pc from the star,
and, (iii) compact emissions at MIPS 24 micron coincident with the jet heads,
tracing the hottest atomic/ionic gas in the bow shocks.


title:
Cosmic gamma-ray burst 060428C detected in the fields of view of the
  IBIS and SPI telescopes of the INTEGRAL observatory and its early afterglow

abstract:
  Analyzing archival data of the INTEGRAL observatory we discovered and
localized a cosmic gamma-ray burst detected within fields of view of the
IBIS/ISGRI and SPI telescopes on April 28, 2006. The burst has not been
revealed by the INTEGRAL Burst Alert System (IBAS), so the information on its
coordinates has not been distributed in time and search for the afterglow has
not been carried out. The burst has been also detected by the KONUS/WIND and
RHESSI spacecrafts. Its fluence was 2.3x10^{-6} erg/cm^2 in the 20-200 keV
energy band, the maximum flux was 3.6x10^{-7} erg/cm^2/s (3.9 phot/cm^2/s). The
burst had a complicated multi-peak profile and was outstanding of the typical
bursts by increasing its spectral hardness with time. The emission spectrum
near the flux maximum was characterized by the photon index alpha ~ -1.5 and
the peak energy Ep ~ 95 keV. The burst lasted ~12 s, then we observed its
afterglow at energies 15-45 keV decaying according to a power law with the
index ~ -4.5. The spectral hardness decreased substantially during the
afterglow.


title: Nonlinear Optical Spectroscopy of Photonic Metamaterials

abstract:
  We have obtained spectra of second-harmonic generation, third harmonic
generation, and four-wave mixing from a fishnet metamaterial around its
magnetic resonance. The resonant behaviors are distinctly different from those
for ordinary materials. They result from the fact that the resonance is
plasmonic, and its enhancement appears through the local field in the
nanostructure.


title: A Search for EHB Pulsators in the Globular Cluster NGC 6752

abstract:
  We describe the status of a project whose main goal is to detect variability
along the extreme horizontal branch of the globular cluster NGC 6752. Based on
Magellan 6.5m data, preliminary light curves are presented for some candidate
variables. By combining our time-series data, we also produce a deep CMD of
unprecedented quality for the cluster which reveals a remarkable lack of main
sequence binaries, possibly pointing to a low primordial binary fraction.


title: Long time limit of equilibrium glassy dynamics and replica calculation

abstract:
  It is shown that the limit $t-t'\to\infty$ of the equilibrium dynamic
self-energy can be computed from the $n\to 1$ limit of the static self-energy
of a $n$-times replicated system with one step replica symmetry breaking
structure. It is also shown that the Dyson equation of the replicated system
leads in the $n\to 1$ limit to the bifurcation equation for the glass
ergodicity breaking parameter computed from dynamics. The equivalence of the
replica formalism to the long time limit of the equilibrium relaxation dynamics
is proved to all orders in perturbation for a scalar theory.


title: HAT-P-4b: A metal-rich low-density transiting hot Jupiter

abstract:
  We describe the discovery of HAT-P-4b, a low-density extrasolar planet
transiting BD+36 2593, a V = 11.2 mag slightly evolved metal-rich late F star.
The planet's orbital period is 3.056536+/-0.000057 d with a mid-transit epoch
of 2,454,245.8154 +/- 0.0003 (HJD). Based on high-precision photometric and
spectroscopic data, and by using transit light curve modeling, spectrum
analysis and evolutionary models, we derive the following planet parameters:
Mp= 0.68 +/- 0.04 MJ, Rp= 1.27 +/- 0.05 RJ, rho = 0.41 +/- 0.06 g cm-3 and a =
0.0446 +/- 0.0012 AU. Because of its relatively large radius, together with its
assumed high metallicity of that of its parent star, this planet adds to the
theoretical challenges to explain inflated extrasolar planets.


title: An Initial Assessment of the GOES Microburst Windspeed Potential Index

abstract:
  A suite of products has been developed and evaluated to assess hazards
presented by convective downbursts to aircraft in flight derived from the
current generation of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite. The
existing suite of GOES microburst products employs the GOES sounder to
calculate risk based on conceptual models of favorable environmental profiles
for convective downburst generation. Large output values of the microburst
index algorithms indicate that the ambient thermodynamic structure of the
troposphere fits the prototypical environment for each respective microburst
type. Accordingly, a new diagnostic nowcasting product, the Microburst
Windspeed Potential Index, is derived from merging existing algorithms and
designed to quantify the most relevant factors in convective downburst
generation in intermediate thermodynamic environments. This paper provides an
initial assessment of the MWPI algorithm, presents case studies demonstrating
effective operational use of the MWPI product, and presents validation results
for the 2007 convective season.


title: Control landscapes for two-level open quantum systems

abstract:
  A quantum control landscape is defined as the physical objective as a
function of the control variables. In this paper the control landscapes for
two-level open quantum systems, whose evolution is described by general
completely positive trace preserving maps (i.e., Kraus maps), are investigated
in details. The objective function, which is the expectation value of a target
system operator, is defined on the Stiefel manifold representing the space of
Kraus maps. Three practically important properties of the objective function
are found: (a) the absence of local maxima or minima (i.e., false traps); (b)
the existence of multi-dimensional sub-manifolds of optimal solutions
corresponding to the global maximum and minimum; and (c) the connectivity of
each level set. All of the critical values and their associated critical
sub-manifolds are explicitly found for any initial system state. Away from the
absolute extrema there are no local maxima or minima, and only saddles may
exist, whose number and the explicit structure of the corresponding critical
sub-manifolds are determined by the initial system state. There are no saddles
for pure initial states, one saddle for a completely mixed initial state, and
two saddles for other initial states. In general, the landscape analysis of
critical points and optimal manifolds is relevant to the problem of explaining
the relative ease of obtaining good optimal control outcomes in the laboratory,
even in the presence of the environment.


title:
Radiative and Collisional Jet Energy Loss in the Quark-Gluon Plasma at
  RHIC

abstract:
  We calculate and compare bremsstrahlung and collisional energy loss of hard
partons traversing a quark-gluon plasma. Our treatment of both processes is
complete at leading order in the coupling and accounts for the probabilistic
nature of the jet energy loss. We find that the nuclear modification factor
$R_{AA}$ for neutral $\pi^0$ production in heavy ion collisions is sensitive to
the inclusion of collisional and radiative energy loss contributions while the
averaged energy loss only slightly increases if collisional energy loss is
included for parent parton energies $E\gg T$. These results are important for
the understanding of jet quenching in Au+Au collisions at $200 {\rm AGeV}$ at
RHIC. Comparison with data is performed applying the energy loss calculation to
a relativistic ideal (3+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic description of the
thermalized medium formed at RHIC.


title: Extended Einstein-Maxwell model

abstract:
  A self-consistent extended Einstein-Maxwell model for relativistic
non-stationary polarizable-magnetizable anisotropic media is presented. Based
on the analogy with relativistic extended irreversible (transient)
thermodynamics, the extended constitutive equations for the electrodynamics of
continua are formulated phenomenologically, the convective derivatives of the
first, second, etc. orders being taken into account. The master equations for
the gravity field contain a modified effective (symmetric) stress-energy tensor
of the electromagnetic field in a material medium, the use of this tensor being
motivated both by historical analogies and direct variational procedure. By way
of example we consider the exact solution of the extended Einstein-Maxwell
model, describing the isotropic cosmological model with hidden non-vanishing
electromagnetic field, electric polarization and magnetization.


title:
Localized modes of binary mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensates in
  nonlinear optical lattices

abstract:
  The properties of the localized states of a two component Bose-Einstein
condensate confined in a nonlinear periodic potential [nonlinear optical
lattice] are investigated. We reveal the existence of new types of solitons and
study their stability by means of analytical and numerical approaches. The
symmetry properties of the localized states with respect to the NOL are also
investigated. We show that nonlinear optical lattices allow the existence of
bright soliton modes with equal symmetry in both components, bright localized
modes of mixed symmetry type, as well as, dark-bright bound states and bright
modes on periodic backgrounds. In spite of the quasi 1D nature of the problem,
the fundamental symmetric localized modes undergo a delocalizing transition
when the strength of the nonlinear optical lattice is varied. This transition
is associated with the existence of an unstable solution, which exhibits a
shrinking (decaying) behavior for slightly overcritical (undercritical)
variations in the number of atoms.


title:
Fermi pockets and quantum oscillations of the Hall coefficient in high
  temperature superconductors

abstract:
  Recent quantum oscillation measurements in high temperature superconductors
in high magnetic fields and low temperatures have ushered in a new era. These
experiments explore the normal state from which superconductivity arises and
provide evidence of a reconstructed Fermi surface consisting of electron and
hole pockets in a regime in which such a possibility was previously considered
to be remote. More specifically, the Hall coefficient has been found to
oscillate according to the Onsager quantization condition, involving only
fundamental constants and the areas of the pockets, but with a sign that is
negative. Here we explain the observations with the theory that the alleged
normal state exhibits a hidden order, the $d$-density wave, which breaks
symmetries signifying time reversal, translation by a lattice spacing, and a
rotation by an angle $\pi/2$, while the product of any two symmetry operations
is preserved. The success of our analysis underscores the importance of
spontaneous breaking of symmetries, Fermi surface reconstruction, and
conventional quasiparticles. We primarily focus on the version of the order
that is commensurate with the underlying crystalline lattice, but also touch
upon the consequences if the order were to incommensurate. It is shown that
while commensurate order results in two independent oscillation frequencies as
a function of the inverse of the applied magnetic field, incommensurate order
leads to three independent frequencies. The oscillation amplitudes, however,
are determined by the mobilities of the charge carriers comprising the Fermi
pockets.


title:
Numerical investigation of the quantum fluctuations of optical fields
  transmitted through an atomic medium

abstract:
  We have numerically solved the Heisenberg-Langevin equations describing the
propagation of quantized fields through an optically thick sample of atoms. Two
orthogonal polarization components are considered for the field and the
complete Zeeman sublevel structure of the atomic transition is taken into
account. Quantum fluctuations of atomic operators are included through
appropriate Langevin forces. We have considered an incident field in a linearly
polarized coherent state (driving field) and vacuum in the perpendicular
polarization and calculated the noise spectra of the amplitude and phase
quadratures of the output field for two orthogonal polarizations. We analyze
different configurations depending on the total angular momentum of the ground
and excited atomic states. We examine the generation of squeezing for the
driving field polarization component and vacuum squeezing of the orthogonal
polarization. Entanglement of orthogonally polarized modes is predicted. Noise
spectral features specific of (Zeeman) multi-level configurations are
identified.


title: de Sitter Relativity and Quantum Physics

abstract:
  In the presence of a cosmological constant, interpreted as a purely geometric
entity, absence of matter is represented by a de Sitter spacetime. As a
consequence, ordinary Poincare' special relativity is no longer valid and must
be replaced by a de Sitter special relativity. By considering the kinematics of
a spinless particle in a de Sitter spacetime, we study the geodesics of this
spacetime, the ensuing definitions of canonical momenta, and explore possible
implications for quantum mechanics.


title: Complex Network Analysis of State Spaces for Random Boolean Networks

abstract:
  We apply complex network analysis to the state spaces of random Boolean
networks (RBNs). An RBN contains $N$ Boolean elements each with $K$ inputs. A
directed state space network (SSN) is constructed by linking each dynamical
state, represented as a node, to its temporal successor. We study the
heterogeneity of an SSN at both local and global scales, as well as
sample-to-sample fluctuations within an ensemble of SSNs. We use in-degrees of
nodes as a local topological measure, and the path diversity [Phys. Rev. Lett.
98, 198701 (2007)] of an SSN as a global topological measure. RBNs with $2 \leq
K \leq 5$ exhibit non-trivial fluctuations at both local and global scales,
while K=2 exhibits the largest sample-to-sample, possibly non-self-averaging,
fluctuations. We interpret the observed ``multi scale'' fluctuations in the
SSNs as indicative of the criticality and complexity of K=2 RBNs. ``Garden of
Eden'' (GoE) states are nodes on an SSN that have in-degree zero. While
in-degrees of non-GoE nodes for $K>1$ SSNs can assume any integer value between
0 and $2^N$, for K=1 all the non-GoE nodes in an SSN have the same in-degree
which is always a power of two.


title: Fermions Tunnelling from Black Holes

abstract:
  We investigate the tunnelling of spin 1/2 particles through event horizons.
We first apply the tunnelling method to Rindler spacetime and obtain the Unruh
temperature. We then apply fermion tunnelling to a general non-rotating black
hole metric and show that the Hawking temperature is recovered.


title: Back-door fine-tuning in supersymmetric low scale inflation

abstract:
  Low scale inflation has many virtues and it has been claimed that its natural
realisation in supersymmetric standard model can be achieved rather easily. In
this letter we have demonstrated that also in this case the dynamics of the
hidden sector responsible for supersymmetry breakdown and the structure of the
soft terms affects significantly, and in fact often spoils, the would-be
inflationary dynamics. Also, we point out that the issue if the cosmological
constant cancellation in the post-inflationary vacuum strongly affects
supersymmetric inflation. It is important to note the crucial difference
between freezing of the modulus and actually stabilising it - the first
approach misses parts of the scalar potential which turn out to be relevant for
inflation. We argue, that it is more likely that the low scale supersymmetric
inflation occurs at a critical point at the origin in the field space than at
an inflection point away from the origin, as the necessary fine-tuning in the
second case is typically larger.


title:
Using Full Information When Computing Modes of Post-Newtonian Waveforms
  From Inspiralling Compact Binaries in Circular Orbit

abstract:
  The increasing sophistication and accuracy of numerical simulations of
compact binaries (especially binary black holes) presents the opportunity to
test the regime in which post-Newtonian (PN) predictions for the emitted
gravitational waves are accurate. In order to confront numerical results with
those of post-Newtonian theory, it is convenient to compare multipolar
decompositions of the two waveforms. It is pointed out here that the individual
modes can be computed to higher post-Newtonian order by examining the radiative
multipole moments of the system, rather than by decomposing the 2.5PN
polarization waveforms. In particular, the dominant (l = 2, m = 2) mode can be
computed to 3PN order. Individual modes are computed to as high a
post-Newtonian order as possible given previous post-Newtonian results.


title: Magnetic relaxation in the Bianchi-I universe

abstract:
  Extended Einstein-Maxwell model and its application to the problem of
evolution of magnetized Bianchi-I Universe are considered. The evolution of
medium magnetization is governed by a relaxation type extended constitutive
equation. The series of exact solutions to the extended master equations is
obtained and discussed. The anisotropic expansion of the Bianchi-I Universe is
shown to become non-monotonic (accelerated/decelerated) in both principal
directions (along the magnetic field and orthogonal to it). A specific type of
expansion, the so-called evolution with hidden magnetic field, is shown to
appear when the magnetization effectively screens the magnetic field and the
latter disappears from the equations for gravitational field.


title: Nanofilters for Optical Nanocircuits

abstract:
  We theoretically and numerically study the design of optical 'lumped'
nanofiltering devices in the framework of our recently proposed paradigm for
optical nanocircuits. In particular, we present the design of basic filtering
elements, such as low-pass, band-pass, stop-band and high-pass 'lumped'
nanofilters, for use in optical nanocircuits together with more complex
designs, such as multi-zero or multi-pole nanofilters, to work at THz, infrared
and optical frequencies. Following the nanocircuit theory, we show how it is
possible to design such complex frequency responses by simple rules, similar to
RF circuit design, and we compare the frequency response of these optical
nanofilters with classic filters in RF circuits. These results may provide a
theoretical foundation for fabricating nanofilters in optical lumped
nanocircuit devices.


title: Numerical evidence of regularized correlations in spin foam gravity

abstract:
  We report on the numerical analysis of the area correlations in spin foam
gravity on a single 4-simplex considered by Rovelli in PRL 97 (2006) 151301. We
compare the asymptotics and confirm the inverse squared distance leading
behaviour at large scales. This supports the recent advances on testing the
semiclassical limit of the theory. Furthermore, we show that the microscopic
discreteness of the theory dynamically suppresses and regularizes the
correlations at the Planck scale.


title: Anosov AdS representations are quasi-Fuchsian

abstract:
  Let Gamma be a cocompact lattice in SO(1,n). A representation rho: Gamma \to
SO(2,n) is quasi-Fuchsian if it is faithfull, discrete, and preserves an
acausal subset in the boundary of anti-de Sitter space - a particular case is
the case of Fuchsian representations, ie. composition of the inclusions of
Gamma in SO(1,n) and of SO(1,n) in SO(2,n). We prove that if a representation
is Anosov in the sense of Labourie then it is also quasi-Fuchsian. We also show
that Fuchsian representations are Anosov : the fact that all quasi-Fuchsian
representations are Anosov will be proved in a second part by T. Barbot. The
study involves the geometry of locally anti-de Sitter spaces: quasi-Fuchsian
representations are holonomy representations of globally hyperbolic spacetimes
diffeomorphic to the product R \times Gamma\H^n and locally modeled on the
anti-de Sitter space.


title: Unresolved Unidentified Source Contribution to the Gamma-ray Background

abstract:
  The large majority of EGRET point sources remain without an identified
low-energy counterpart, and a large fraction of these sources are most likely
extragalactic. Whatever the nature of the extragalactic EGRET unidentified
sources, faint unresolved objects of the same class must have a contribution to
the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGRB). Understanding this
component of the EGRB, along with other guaranteed contributions from known
sources, is essential if we are to use this emission to constrain exotic
high-energy physics. Here, we follow an empirical approach to estimate whether
a potential contribution of unidentified sources to the EGRB is likely to be
important, and we find that it is. Additionally, we show how upcoming GLAST
observations of EGRET unidentified sources, as well as of their fainter
counterparts, can be combined with GLAST observations of the Galactic and
extragalactic diffuse backgrounds to shed light on the nature of the EGRET
unidentified sources even without any positional association of such sources
with low-energy counterparts.


title:
Deforming, revolving and resolving - New paths in the string theory
  landscape

abstract:
  In this paper we investigate the properties of series of vacua in the string
theory landscape. In particular, we study minima to the flux potential in type
IIB compactifications on the mirror quintic. Using geometric transitions, we
embed its one dimensional complex structure moduli space in that of another
Calabi-Yau with h^{1,1}=86 and h^{2,1}=2. We then show how to construct
infinite series of continuously connected minima to the mirror quintic
potential by moving into this larger moduli space, applying its monodromies,
and moving back. We provide an example of such series, and discuss their
implications for the string theory landscape.


title: X-ray Fluorescent Fe Kalpha Lines from Stellar Photospheres

abstract:
  X-ray spectra from stellar coronae are reprocessed by the underlying
photosphere through scattering and photoionization events. While reprocessed
X-ray spectra reaching a distant observer are at a flux level of only a few
percent of that of the corona itself, characteristic lines formed by inner
shell photoionization of some abundant elements can be significantly stronger.
The emergent photospheric spectra are sensitive to the distance and location of
the fluorescing radiation and can provide diagnostics of coronal geometry and
abundance. Here we present Monte Carlo simulations of the photospheric Kalpha
doublet arising from quasi-neutral Fe irradiated by a coronal X-ray source.
Fluorescent line strengths have been computed as a function of the height of
the radiation source, the temperature of the ionising X-ray spectrum, and the
viewing angle. We also illustrate how the fluorescence efficiencies scale with
the photospheric metallicity and the Fe abundance. Based on the results we make
three comments: (1) fluorescent Fe lines seen from pre-main sequence stars
mostly suggest flared disk geometries and/or super-solar disk Fe abundances;
(2) the extreme ~1400 mA line observed from a flare on V1486 Ori can be
explained entirely by X-ray fluorescence if the flare itself were partially
eclipsed by the limb of the star; and (3) the fluorescent Fe line detected by
Swift during a large flare on II Peg is consistent with X-ray excitation and
does not require a collisional ionisation contribution. There is no convincing
evidence supporting the energetically challenging explanation of electron
impact excitation for observed stellar Fe Kalpha lines.


title: Charge response function and a novel plasmon mode in graphene

abstract:
  Polarizability of non-interacting 2D Dirac electrons has a 1/\sqrt{qv-\omega}
singularity at the boundary of electron-hole excitations. The screening of this
singularity by long-range electron-electron interactions is usually treated
within the random phase approximation. The latter is exact only in the limit of
N -> infinity, where N is the ``color'' degeneracy. We find that the
ladder-type vertex corrections become crucial close to the threshold as the
ratio of the n-th order ladder term to the same order RPA contribution is
(\ln|qv-\omega|)^n/N^n$. We perform analytical summation of the infinite series
of ladder diagrams which describe excitonic effect. Beyond the threshold,
qv>\omega, the real part of the polarization operator is found to be positive
leading to the appearance of a strong and narrow plasmon resonance.


title: Electroweak Symmetry Breaking from a Holographic Fourth Generation

abstract:
  We consider a model with four generations of standard model fermions
propagating in an extra dimension with an AdS background metric. We show that
if the zero modes of the fourth generation are highly localized towards the
infrared brane, it is possible to break the electroweak symmetry via their
condensation, partly driven by their interactions with the Kaluza-Klein
excitations of the gauge bosons, as well as by the presence of bulk
higher-dimensional operators. This dynamical mechanism results in a composite
Higgs, which is highly localized and generally heavy. The localization of
fermions in the five-dimensional bulk naturally leads to the standard model
Yukawa couplings via the action of the bulk higher-dimensional operators, which
are suppressed by the Planck scale. We obtain the spectrum of the model and
explore some of its phenomenological consequences, both for electroweak
precision constraints as well as at the Large Hadron Collider.


title: Reflexive Ideals in Iwasawa Algebras

abstract:
  Let $G$ be a torsionfree compact $p$-adic analytic group. We give sufficient
conditions on $p$ and $G$ which ensure that the Iwasawa algebra $\Omega_G$ of
$G$ has no non-trivial two-sided reflexive ideals. Consequently, these
conditions imply that every nonzero normal element in $\Omega_G$ is a unit. We
show that these conditions hold in the case when $G$ is an open subgroup of
$\SL_2(\Zp)$ and $p$ is arbitrary. Using a previous result of the first author,
we show that there are only two prime ideals in $\Omega_G$ when $G$ is a
congruence subgroup of $\SL_2(\Zp)$: the zero ideal and the unique maximal
ideal. These statements partially answer some questions asked by the first
author and Brown.


title: Oscillating Starless Cores: The Nonlinear Regime

abstract:
  In a previous paper, we modeled the oscillations of a thermally-supported
(Bonnor-Ebert) sphere as non-radial, linear perturbations following a standard
analysis developed for stellar pulsations. The predicted column density
variations and molecular spectral line profiles are similar to those observed
in the Bok globule B68 suggesting that the motions in some starless cores may
be oscillating perturbations on a thermally supported equilibrium structure.
However, the linear analysis is unable to address several questions, among them
the stability, and lifetime of the perturbations. In this paper we simulate the
oscillations using a three-dimensional numerical hydrodynamic code. We find
that the oscillations are damped predominantly by non-linear mode-coupling, and
the damping time scale is typically many oscillation periods, corresponding to
a few million years, and persisting over the inferred lifetime of gobules.


title:
Valence bond solid order near impurities in two-dimensional quantum
  antiferromagnets

abstract:
  Recent scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) experiments on underdoped
cuprates have displayed modulations in the local electronic density of states
which are centered on a Cu-O-Cu bond (Kohsaka et. al., cond-mat/0703309). As a
paradigm of the pinning of such bond-centered ordering in strongly correlated
systems, we present the theory of valence bond solid (VBS) correlations near a
single impurity in a square lattice antiferromagnet. The antiferromagnet is
assumed to be in the vicinity of a quantum transition from a magnetically
ordered Neel state to a spin-gap state with long-range VBS order. We identify
two distinct classes of impurities: i) local modulation in the exchange
constants, and ii) a missing or additional spin, for which the impurity
perturbation is represented by an uncompensated Berry phase. The `boundary'
critical theory for these classes is developed: in the second class we find a
`VBS pinwheel' around the impurity, accompanied by a suppression in the VBS
susceptibility. Implications for numerical studies of quantum antiferromagnets
and for STM experiments on the cuprates are noted.


title: Kinetic theory of non-Abelian plasma: a non-minimal model

abstract:
  The self-consistent system of master equations describing the kinetics of a
relativistic non-Abelian plasma, influenced by curvature interactions, is
formulated. Non-minimal (curvature induced) coupling is shown to modify all the
subsystems of the model: the gauge field equations, the gravity field equations
and the kinetic equation for colored particles.


title:
New explicit spike solution -- non-local component of the generalized
  Mixmaster attractor

abstract:
  By applying a standard solution-generating transformation to an arbitrary
vacuum Bianchi type II solution, one generates a new solution with spikes
commonly observed in numerical simulations. It is conjectured that the spike
solution is part of the generalized Mixmaster attractor.


title: Three Disk Oscillation Modes of Rotating Magnetized Neutron Stars

abstract:
  We discuss three specific modes of accretion disks around rotating magnetized
neutron stars which may explain the separations of the kilo Hertz quasi
periodic oscillations (QPO) seen in low mass X-ray binaries. The existence of
these modes requires that there be a maximum in the angular velocity of the
accreting material, and that the fluid is in stable, nearly circular motion
near this maximum rather than moving rapidly towards the star or out of the
disk plane into funnel flows. It is presently not known if these conditions
occur, but we are exploring this with 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations and
will report the results elsewhere. The first mode is a corotation mode which is
radially trapped in the vicinity of the maximum of the disk rotation rate and
is unstable. The second mode, relevant to relatively slowly rotating stars, is
a magnetically driven eccentric ($m=1$) oscillation of the disk excited at a
Lindblad radius in the vicinity of the maximum of the disk rotation. The third
mode, relevant to rapidly rotating stars, is a magnetically coupled eccentric
($m=1$) and an axisymmetric ($m=0$) radial disk perturbation which has an inner
Lindblad radius also in the vicinity of the maximum of the disk rotation. We
suggest that the first mode is associated with the upper QPO frequency,
$\nu_u$, the second with the lower QPO frequency, $\nu_\ell =\nu_u-\nu_*$, and
the third with the lower QPO frequency, $\nu_\ell=\nu_u-\nu_*/2$, where $\nu_*$
is the star's rotation rate.


title: Disk-Halo Interplay in Galaxy Evolution

abstract:
  Some aspects of disk-halo interactions for models of in and out of
equilibrium disk galaxies are reviewed. Specifically, we focus on disk-halo
resonant interaction without and in the presence of a gas component. Another
issue is the disk growth within an assembling triaxial dark matter halo. We
argue that while the triaxiality is the result of the merger process and the
radial orbit instability, it is the developing chaos that damps the first
generation of bars and washes out the halo prolateness. This chaos is triggered
by the gravitational quadrupole interaction(s) in the system and supported by a
number of other processes which are characteristic of baryons.


title: Gauge Theory And Wild Ramification

abstract:
  The gauge theory approach to the geometric Langlands program is extended to
the case of wild ramification. The new ingredients that are required, relative
to the tamely ramified case, are differential operators with irregular
singularities, Stokes phenomena, isomonodromic deformation, and, from a
physical point of view, new surface operators associated with higher order
singularities.


title:
Dependence of the Build-up of the Colour-Magnitude Relation on Cluster
  Richness at z ~ 0.8

abstract:
  We present environmental dependence of the build-up of the colour-magnitude
relation (CMR) at z ~ 0.8. It is well established that massive early-type
galaxies exhibit a tight CMR in clusters up to at least z ~ 1. The faint end of
the relation, however, has been much less explored especially at high redshifts
primarily due to limited depths of the data. Some recent papers have reported a
deficit of the faint red galaxies on the CMR at 0.8 < z < 1, but this has not
been well confirmed yet and is still controversial. Using a deep, multi-colour,
panoramic imaging data set of the distant cluster RXJ1716.4+6708 at z=0.81,
newly taken with the Prime Focus Camera (Suprime-Cam) on the Subaru Telescope,
we carry out an analysis of faint red galaxies with a care for incompleteness.
We find that there is a sharp decline in the number of red galaxies toward the
faint end of the CMR below M*+2. We compare our result with those for other
clusters at z ~ 0.8 taken from the literature, which show or do not show the
deficit. We suggest that the "deficit" of faint red galaxies is dependent on
the richness or mass of the clusters, in the sense that poorer systems show
stronger deficits. This indicates that the evolutionary stage of less massive
galaxies depends critically on environment.


title: The Effect of Pure State Structure on Nonequilibrium Dynamics

abstract:
  Motivated by short-range Ising spin glasses, we review some rigorous results
and their consequences for the relation between the number/nature of
equilibrium pure states and nonequilibrium dynamics. Two of the consequences
for spin glass dynamics following a deep quench to a temperature with broken
spin flip symmetry are: (1) Almost all initial configurations lie on the
boundary between the basins of attraction of multiple pure states. (2) Unless
there are uncountably many pure states with almost all pairs having zero
overlap, there can be no equilibration to a pure state as time goes to
infinity. We discuss the relevance of these results to the difficulty of
equilibration of spin glasses. We also review some results concerning the
``nature vs. nurture'' problem of whether the large-time behavior of both
ferromagnets and spin glasses following a deep quench is determined more by the
initial configuration or by the dynamics realization.


title: Collective stimulated Brillouin backscatter

abstract:
  We develop the statistical theory of the stimulated Brillouin backscatter
(BSBS) instability of a spatially and temporally partially incoherent laser
beam for laser fusion relevant plasma. We find a new regime of BSBS which has a
much larger threshold than the classical threshold of a coherent beam in
long-scale-length laser fusion plasma. Instability is collective because it
does not depend on the dynamics of isolated speckles of laser intensity, but
rather depends on averaged beam intensity. We identify convective and absolute
instability regimes. Well above the incoherent threshold the coherent
instability growth rate is recovered. The threshold of convective instability
is inside the typical parameter region of National Ignition Facility (NIF)
designs although current NIF bandwidth is not large enough to insure dominance
of collective instability and suggests lower instability threshold due to
speckle contribution. In contrast, we estimate that the bandwidth of
KrF-laser-based fusion systems would be large enough.


title: Nonexistence of reflexive ideals in Iwasawa algebras of Chevalley type

abstract:
  Let $\Phi$ be a root system and let $\Phi(\Zp)$ be the standard Chevalley
$\Zp$-Lie algebra associated to $\Phi$. For any integer $t\geq 1$, let $G$ be
the uniform pro-$p$ group corresponding to the powerful Lie algebra $p^t
\Phi(\Zp)$ and suppose that $p\geq 5$. Then the Iwasawa algebra $\Omega_G$ has
no nontrivial reflexive two-sided ideals. This was previously proved by the
authors for the root system $A_1$.


title: Extended cavity diode lasers with tracked resonances

abstract:
  We present a painless, almost-free upgrade to present extended cavity diode
lasers (ECDLs), which improves the long term mode-hop free performance by
stabilizing the resonance of the internal cavity to the external cavity. This
stabilization is based on the observation that the frequency or amplitude noise
of the ECDL is lowest at the optimum laser diode temperature or injection
current. Thus, keeping the diode current at the level where the noise is lowest
ensures mode-hop free operation within one of the stable regions of the mode
chart, even if these should drift due to external influences. This method can
be applied directly to existing laser systems without modifying the optical
setup. We demonstrate the method in two ECDLs stabilized to vapor cells at 852
nm and 895 nm wavelength. We achieve long term mode-hop free operation and low
noise at low power consumption, even with an inexpensive non-antireflection
coated diode.


title:
Super-resolving distant galaxies with gravitational telescopes:
  Keck-LGSAO and Hubble imaging of the lens system SDSSJ0737+3216

abstract:
  We combine high-resolution images in four optical/infra-red bands, obtained
with the laser guide star adaptive optics system on the Keck Telescope and with
the Hubble Space Telescope, to study the gravitational lens system
SDSSJ0737+3216 (lens redshift 0.3223, source redshift 0.5812). We show that
(under favorable observing conditions) ground-based images are comparable to
those obtained with HST in terms of precision in the determination of the
parameters of both the lens mass distribution and the background source. We
also quantify the systematic errors associated with both the incomplete
knowledge of the PSF, and the uncertain process of lens galaxy light removal,
and find that similar accuracy can be achieved with Keck LGSAO as with HST. We
then exploit this well-calibrated combination of optical and gravitational
telescopes to perform a multi-wavelength study of the source galaxy at 0.01"
effective resolution. We find the Sersic index to be indicative of a disk-like
object, but the measured half-light radius (0.59+-0.007+-0.1 kpc) and stellar
mass (2.0+-1.0+-0.8e9Msun) place it more than three sigma away from the local
disk size-mass relation. The SDSSJ0737+3216 source has the characteristics of
the most compact faint blue galaxies studied, and has comparable size and mass
to dwarf early-type galaxies in the local universe. With the aid of
gravitational telescopes to measure individual objects' brightness profiles to
10% accuracy, the study of the high-redshift size-mass relation may be extended
by an order of magnitude or more beyond existing surveys at the low-mass end,
thus providing a new observational test of galaxy formation models.


title: Sheaves on abelian surfaces and Strange Duality

abstract:
  We formulate three versions of a strange duality conjecture for sections of
the Theta bundles on the moduli spaces of sheaves on abelian surfaces. As
supporting evidence, we check the equality of dimensions on dual moduli spaces,
answering a question raised by Gottsche-Nakajima-Yoshioka.


title: Dirac geometry, quasi-Poisson actions and D/G-valued moment maps

abstract:
  We study Dirac structures associated with Manin pairs (\d,\g) and give a
Dirac geometric approach to Hamiltonian spaces with D/G-valued moment maps,
originally introduced by Alekseev and Kosmann-Schwarzbach in terms of
quasi-Poisson structures. We explain how these two distinct frameworks are
related to each other, proving that they lead to isomorphic categories of
Hamiltonian spaces. We stress the connection between the viewpoint of Dirac
geometry and equivariant differential forms. The paper discusses various
examples, including q-Hamiltonian spaces and Poisson-Lie group actions,
explaining how presymplectic groupoids are related to the notion of "double" in
each context.


title:
The Toda system and multiple-end solutions of autonomous planar elliptic
  problems

abstract:
  We construct a new class of positive solutions for a classical semilinear
elliptic problem in the plane which arise for instance as the standing-wave
problem for the standard nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation or in nonlinear
models in Turing's theory biological theory of pattern formation such as the
Gray-Scott or Gierer-Meinhardt systems. The solutions we construct have the
property that their energy over a ball of radius R grows linearly with R as R
tends to infinity. These solutions are strongly related to the solutions of a
Toda system.


title: Random Diffusion Model

abstract:
  We study here the random diffusion model. This is a continuum model for a
conserved scalar density field $\phi$ driven by diffusive dynamics. The
interesting feature of the dynamics is that the {\it bare} diffusion
coefficient $D$ is density dependent. In the simplest case
$D=\bar{D}+D_{1}\delta \phi $ where $\bar{D}$ is the constant average diffusion
constant. In the case where the driving effective Hamiltonian is quadratic the
model can be treated using perturbation theory in terms of the single nonlinear
coupling $D_{1}$. We develop perturbation theory to fourth order in $D_{1}$.
The are two ways of analyzing this perturbation theory. In one approach,
developed by Kawasaki, at one-loop order one finds mode coupling theory with an
ergodic-nonergodic transition. An alternative more direct interpretation at
one-loop order leads to a slowing down as the nonlinear coupling increases.
Eventually one hits a critical coupling where the time decay becomes algebraic.
Near this critical coupling a weak peak develops at a wavenumber well above the
peak at $q=0$ associated with the conservation law. The width of this peak in
Fourier space decreases with time and can be identified with a characteristic
kinetic length which grows with a power law in time. For stronger coupling the
system becomes metastable and then unstable. At two-loop order it is shown that
the ergodic-nonergodic transition is not supported. It is demonstrated that the
{\it critical} properties of the direct approach survive going to higher order
in perturbation theory.


title: Appendix to 'Roth's theorem on progressions revisited' by J Bourgain

abstract:
  We show two results. First, a refinement of Freiman's theorem: if A is a
finite set of integers and |A+A| < K|A|, then A is contained in a
multidimensional progression of dimension at most O(K^{7/4} log^3K) and size at
most exp(O(K^{7/4} log^3K))|A|. Secondly, an improvement of a result of
Konyagin and Laba: if A is a finite set of reals and a is a transcendental then
|A+aA| >> |A|(log |A|)^{4/3-\epsilon} for all \epsilon>0.


title: Chern character for twisted complexes

abstract:
  We construct a Chern character of a perfect complex of twisted modules over
an algebroid stack.


title: Difference sets and the primes

abstract:
  Suppose that A is a subset of {1,...,N} such that the difference between any
two elements of A is never one less than a prime. We show that |A| = O(N
exp(-c(log N)^{1/4})) for some absolute c>0.


title:
Statistical analysis of Ni nanowires breaking processes: a numerical
  simulation study

abstract:
  A statistical analysis of the breaking behavior of Ni nanowires is presented.
Using molecular dynamic simulations, we have determined the time evolution of
both the nanowire atomic structure and its minimum cross section (Sm(t)).
Accumulating thousands of independent breaking events, Sm histograms are built
and used to study the influence of the temperature, the crystalline stretching
direction and the initial nanowire size. The proportion of monomers, dimers and
more complex structures at the latest stages of the breaking process are
calculated, finding important differences among results obtained for different
nanowire orientations and sizes. Three main cases have been observed. (A) [111]
stretching direction and large nanowire sizes: the wire evolves from more
complex structures to monomers and dimers prior its rupture; well ordered
structures is presented during the breaking process. (B) Large nanowires
stretched along the [100] and [110] directions: the system mainly breaks from
complex structures (low probability of finding monomers and dimers), having
disordered regions during their breakage; at room temperature, a huge histogram
peak around Sm=5 appears, showing the presence of long staggered pentagonal Ni
wires with ...-5-1-5-... structure. (C) Initial wire size is small: strong size
effects independently on the temperature and stretching direction. Finally, the
local structure around monomers and dimmers do not depend on the stretching
direction. These configurations differ from those usually chosen in static
studies of conductance.


title: B_s and B_d mixing in full lattice QCD using NRQCD b quarks

abstract:
  We give a progress report on studies of B_s and B_d mixing with valence NRQCD
b quarks and asqtad light quarks on the MILC configurations including the
effect of 2+1 flavours of sea quarks. We explore methods for reducing
statistical and systematic errors in the ratio \xi =
f_{B_s}\sqrt{B_{B_s}}/f_{B_d}\sqrt{B_{B_d}}.


title:
Absorption spectrum of the quasar HS1603+3820 I. Observations and data
  analysis

abstract:
  We present the analysis of multi-wavelength observations of bright quasar
HS1603+3820: the optical data taken with the MMT and Keck telescopes, and X-ray
data obtained with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The optical spectra contain a
very large number of absorption lines from numerous heavy elements. We derived
X-ray properties of HS1603. The quasar has the optical-to-X-ray slope index
alpha_ox of 1.70, which is on the high end of the typical range for radio quiet
QSOs. We found 49 individual heavy element absorption clouds, which can be
grouped into eleven distinct systems. We determined column densities and
redshifts of the individual components. Absorbers from the associated system
which is likely spatially closest to the QSO show large CIV to HI column
density ratio, reaching ca.20.


title: Fragmenting D4 branes and coupled q-deformed Yang Mills

abstract:
  We compute the index of BPS states for two stacks of D4-branes wrapped on
ample divisors and overlapping over a compact Riemann surface inside
non-compact Calabi-Yau 3-fold. This index is given in terms of U(N) x U(M)
q-deformed Yang Mills theory with bifundamental matter. From the factorization
in the limit of large D4 charge, we argue that our result computes the jump in
the index of BPS states across the wall of the marginal stability for the split
flow of a D4 brane fragmenting into a pair of D4 branes.


title: Exploring Partially Confined Phases

abstract:
  Phases of SU(N) gauge theories in which the global Z(N) symmetry breaks
spontaneously to a subgroup Z(L) can be realized by adding appropriate Wilson
line terms to the gauge action. These phases are partially confining, in the
sense that quarks are confined but bound states of L quarks are not. At
temperatures large compared to the normal deconfinement temperature, the phase
diagram, pressure, string tensions, and 't Hooft loop surface tensions can be
calculated analytically. Approximate scaling laws emerge naturally for both
string tensions and surface tensions.


title:
Off-center impurity in alkali halides: reorientation, electric
  polarization and pairing to F center. II. In-plane rotation and
  polarizability

abstract:
  Because of its inherent 2-D character, the eigenvalue equation for the
hindered rotation around a normal cation site of an off-center impurity
nearest-neighboring an F center is the well-known Mathieu equation. We present
an overview of literature data on Mathieu's periodic functions providing exact
solutions to the Li+ reorientational problem. We compare them with bottom-well
approximating solutions by harmonic-oscillator functions at an effective
vibrational frequency renormalized by both first- and third- order
electron-mode coupling. We finally discuss the in-plane inversion
polarizability of an off-center impurity assumed to form a dipole-dipole
coupling with a nearby F center.


title: Quantum Margulis expanders

abstract:
  We present a simple way to quantize the well-known Margulis expander map. The
result is a quantum expander which acts on discrete Wigner functions in the
same way the classical Margulis expander acts on probability distributions. The
quantum version shares all essential properties of the classical counterpart,
e.g., it has the same degree and spectrum. Unlike previous constructions of
quantum expanders, our method does not rely on non-Abelian harmonic analysis.
Analogues for continuous variable systems are mentioned. Indeed, the
construction seems one of the few instances where applications based on
discrete and continuous phase space methods can be developed in complete
analogy.


title:
Matrix pairs over discrete valuation rings determine
  Littlewood-Richardson fillings

abstract:
  Let M and N be two r x r matrices over a discrete valuation ring of
characteristic zero. The orders (with respect to a uniformizing parameter) of
the invariant factors of M form a partition of non-negative integers, called
the invariant partition of M. Let the invariant partition of M be mu, of N be
nu, and of the product MN be lambda. In this paper we construct a
Littlewood-Richardson filling of the skew shape lambda/mu with content nu, and
show that this filling is an invariant of the orbit of the pair (M,N) with
respect to a natural group action on the pair. We relate the algebraic
combinatorics of Littlewood-Richardson fillings to a special semicanonical
matrix in the orbit of (M,N), from which the Littlewood-Richardson filling, and
other combinatorial invariants may be obtained.


title:
Study of the critical point in lattice QCD at high temperature and
  density

abstract:
  We propose a method to probe the nature of phase transitions in lattice QCD
at finite temperature and density, which is based on the investigation of an
effective potential as a function of the average plaquette. We analyze data
obtained in a simulation of two-flavor QCD using p4-improved staggered quarks
with bare quark mass $m/T = 0.4$, and find that a first order phase transition
line appears in the high density regime for $\mu_q/T \sim 2.5$. The effective
potential as a function of the quark number density is also studied. We
calculate the chemical potential as a function of the density from the
canonical partition function and discuss the existence of the first order phase
transition line.


title: Steady-state analysis of a multi-server queue in the Halfin-Whitt regime

abstract:
  We consider a multi-server queue in the Halfin-Whitt regime: as the number of
servers $n$ grows without a bound, the utilization approaches 1 from below at
the rate $\Theta(1/\sqrt{n})$. Assuming that the service time distribution is
lattice-valued with a finite support, we characterize the limiting stationary
queue length distribution in terms of the stationary distribution of an
explicitly constructed Markov chain. Furthermore, we obtain an explicit
expression for the critical exponent for the moment generating function of a
limiting (scaled) steady-state queue length. This exponent has a compact
representation in terms of three parameters: the amount of spare capacity and
the coefficients of variation of interarrival and service times. Interestingly,
it matches an analogous exponent corresponding to a single-server queue in the
conventional heavy-traffic regime.


title: Unique Games with Entangled Provers are Easy

abstract:
  We consider one-round games between a classical verifier and two provers who
share entanglement. We show that when the constraints enforced by the verifier
are `unique' constraints (i.e., permutations), the value of the game can be
well approximated by a semidefinite program. Essentially the only algorithm
known previously was for the special case of binary answers, as follows from
the work of Tsirelson in 1980. Among other things, our result implies that the
variant of the unique games conjecture where we allow the provers to share
entanglement is false. Our proof is based on a novel `quantum rounding
technique', showing how to take a solution to an SDP and transform it to a
strategy for entangled provers. Using our approximation by a semidefinite
program we also show a parallel repetition theorem for unique entangled games.


title: Measurement of b-Baryons with the CDF II detector

abstract:
  We report the observation of new bottom baryon states. The most recent result
is the observation of the baryon \Xi_b^- through the decay \Xi_b^- to J/\psi
\Xi^-. The significance of the signal corresponds to 7.7 sigma and the \Xi_b^-
mass is measured to be 5792.9 \pm 2.5(stat.) \pm 1.7(syst.) MeV/c^2. In
addition we observe four resonances in the \Lambda_b^0 \pi^{\pm} spectra,
consistent with the bottom baryons \Sigma_b^{(*)\pm}. All observations are in
agreement with theoretical expectations.


title:
A Multiresolution Census Algorithm for Calculating Vortex Statistics in
  Turbulent Flows

abstract:
  The fundamental equations that model turbulent flow do not provide much
insight into the size and shape of observed turbulent structures. We
investigate the efficient and accurate representation of structures in
two-dimensional turbulence by applying statistical models directly to the
simulated vorticity field. Rather than extract the coherent portion of the
image from the background variation, as in the classical signal-plus-noise
model, we present a model for individual vortices using the non-decimated
discrete wavelet transform. A template image, supplied by the user, provides
the features to be extracted from the vorticity field. By transforming the
vortex template into the wavelet domain, specific characteristics present in
the template, such as size and symmetry, are broken down into components
associated with spatial frequencies. Multivariate multiple linear regression is
used to fit the vortex template to the vorticity field in the wavelet domain.
Since all levels of the template decomposition may be used to model each level
in the field decomposition, the resulting model need not be identical to the
template. Application to a vortex census algorithm that records quantities of
interest (such as size, peak amplitude, circulation, etc.) as the vorticity
field evolves is given. The multiresolution census algorithm extracts coherent
structures of all shapes and sizes in simulated vorticity fields and is able to
reproduce known physical scaling laws when processing a set of voriticity
fields that evolve over time.


title: Detailed Network Measurements Using Sparse Graph Counters: The Theory

abstract:
  Measuring network flow sizes is important for tasks like accounting/billing,
network forensics and security. Per-flow accounting is considered hard because
it requires that many counters be updated at a very high speed; however, the
large fast memories needed for storing the counters are prohibitively
expensive. Therefore, current approaches aim to obtain approximate flow counts;
that is, to detect large elephant flows and then measure their sizes.
  Recently the authors and their collaborators have developed [1] a novel
method for per-flow traffic measurement that is fast, highly memory efficient
and accurate. At the core of this method is a novel counter architecture called
"counter braids.'' In this paper, we analyze the performance of the counter
braid architecture under a Maximum Likelihood (ML) flow size estimation
algorithm and show that it is optimal; that is, the number of bits needed to
store the size of a flow matches the entropy lower bound. While the ML
algorithm is optimal, it is too complex to implement. In [1] we have developed
an easy-to-implement and efficient message passing algorithm for estimating
flow sizes.


title: The TrICE Prototype MAMPT Imaging Camera

abstract:
  The Track Imaging Cerenov Experiment (TrICE) is an air Cerenkov prototype
telescope designed to use multi-anode photomultiplier to acheive a high angular
resolution for measuring cosmic-ray composition at TeV-PeV energies. The TrICE
camera, composed of 16 Hamamatsu R8900 16-channel multi-anode photomultiplier
tubes, achieves 0.086 degree angular width per pixel over 1.5 degree wide field
of view. We present a description of the TrICE camera design, calibration and
performance.


title:
Effective Dynamics of Solitons in the Presence of Rough Nonlinear
  Perturbations

abstract:
  The effective long-time dynamics of solitary wave solutions of the nonlinear
Schr\"odinger equation in the presence of rough nonlinear perturbations is
rigorously studied. It is shown that, if the initial state is close to a slowly
travelling soliton of the unperturbed NLS equation (in $H^1$ norm), then, over
a long time scale, the true solution of the initial value problem will be close
to a soliton whose center of mass dynamics is approximately determined by an
effective potential that corresponds to the restriction of the nonlinear
perturbation to the soliton manifold.


title:
Self-consistent theory of phonon renormalization and electron-phonon
  coupling near a 2D Kohn singularity

abstract:
  We show that the usual expression for evaluating electron-phonon coupling and
the phonon linewidth in 2D metals with a cylindrical Fermi surface cannot be
applied near the wave vector corresponding to the Kohn singularity. Instead,
the Dyson equation for phonons has to be solved self-consistently. If a
self-consistent procedure is properly followed, there is no divergency in
either the coupling constant or the phonon linewidth near the offending wave
vectors, in contrast to the standard expression.


title:
Modeling the line variations from the wind-wind shock emissions of WR
  30a

abstract:
  The study of Wolf-Rayet stars plays an important role in evolutionary
theories of massive stars. Among these objects, ~ 20% are known to be in binary
systems and can therefore be used for the mass determination of these stars.
Most of these systems are not spatially resolved and spectral lines can be used
to constrain the orbital parameters. However, part of the emission may
originate in the interaction zone between the stellar winds, modifying the line
profiles and thus challenging us to use different models to interpret them. In
this work, we analyzed the HeII4686\AA + CIV4658\AA blended lines of WR30a
(WO4+O5) assuming that part of the emission originate in the wind-wind
interaction zone. In fact, this line presents a quiescent base profile,
attributed to the WO wind, and a superposed excess, which varies with the
orbital phase along the 4.6 day period. Under these assumptions, we were able
to fit the excess spectral line profile and central velocity for all phases,
except for the longest wavelengths, where a spectral line with constant
velocity seems to be present. The fit parameters provide the eccentricity and
inclination of the binary orbit, from which it is possible to constrain the
stellar masses.


title:
SAURON's Challenge for the Major Merger Scenario of Elliptical Galaxy
  Formation

abstract:
  The intrinsic anisotropy delta and flattening epsilon of simulated merger
remnants is compared with elliptical galaxies that have been observed by the
SAURON collaboration, and that were analysed using axisymmetric Schwarzschild
models. Collisionless binary mergers of stellar disks and disk mergers with an
additional isothermal gas component, neglecting star formation cannot reproduce
the observed trend delta = 0.55 epsilon (SAURON relationship). An excellent fit
of the SAURON relationship for flattened ellipticals with epsilon >= 0.25 is
however found for merger simulations of disks with gas fractions >= 20%,
including star formation and stellar energy feedback. Massive black hole
feedback does not strongly affect this result. Subsequent dry merging of merger
remnants however does not generate the slowly-rotating SAURON ellipticals which
are characterized by low ellipticities epsilon < 0.25 and low anisotropies.
This indicates that at least some ellipticals on the red galaxy sequence did
not form by binary mergers of disks or early-type galaxies. We show that
stellar spheroids resulting from multiple, hierarchical mergers of
star-bursting subunits in a cosmological context are in excellent agreement
with the low ellipticities and anisotropies of the slowly rotating SAURON
ellipticals and their observed trend of delta with epsilon. The numerical
simulations indicate that the SAURON relation might be a result of strong
violent relaxation and phase mixing of multiple, kinematically cold stellar
subunits with the angular momentum of the system determining its location on
the relation.


title:
Synthesis and Optimization of Reversible Circuits for Homogeneous
  Boolean Functions

abstract:
  Homogenous Boolean function is an essential part of any cryptographic system.
The ability to construct an optimized reversible circuits for homogeneous
Boolean functions might arise the possibility of building cryptographic system
on novel computing paradigms such as quantum computers. This paper shows a
factorization algorithm to synthesize such circuits.


title: Infrared exponents of gluon and ghost propagators from Lattice QCD

abstract:
  The compatibility of the pure power law infrared solution of QCD
Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSE) and lattice data for the gluon and ghost
propagators in Landau gauge is discussed. For the gluon propagator, the lattice
data is compatible with the DSE infrared solution with an exponent
$\kappa\sim0.53$, measured using a technique that suppresses finite volume
effects and allows to model these corrections to the lattice data. For the
ghost propagator, the lattice data does not seem to follow the infrared DSE
power law solution.


title:
Thiol density dependent classical potential for methyl-thiol on a
  Au(111) surface

abstract:
  A new classical potential for methyl-thiol on a Au(111) surface has been
developed using density functional theory electronic structure calculations.
Energy surfaces between methyl-thiol and a gold surface were investigated in
terms of symmetry sites and thiol density. Geometrical optimization was
employed over all the configurations while minimum energy and thiol height were
determined. Finally, a new interatomic potential has been generated as a
function of thiol density, and applications to coarse-grained simulations are
presented.


title: Chaotic Period Doubling

abstract:
  The period doubling renormalization operator was introduced by M. Feigenbaum
and by P. Coullet and C. Tresser in the nineteen-seventieth to study the
asymptotic small scale geometry of the attractor of one-dimensional systems
which are at the transition from simple to chaotic dynamics. This geometry
turns out to not depend on the choice of the map under rather mild smoothness
conditions. The existence of a unique renormalization fixed point which is also
hyperbolic among generic smooth enough maps plays a crucial role in the
corresponding renormalization theory. The uniqueness and hyperbolicity of the
renormalization fixed point were first shown in the holomorphic context, by
means that generalize to other renormalization operators. It was then proved
that in the space of $C^{2+\alpha}$ unimodal maps, for $\alpha$ close to one,
the period doubling renormalization fixed point is hyperbolic as well. In this
paper we study what happens when one approaches from below the minimal
smoothness thresholds for the uniqueness and for the hyperbolicity of the
period doubling renormalization generic fixed point. Indeed, our main results
states that in the space of $C^2$ unimodal maps the analytic fixed point is not
hyperbolic and that the same remains true when adding enough smoothness to get
a priori bounds. In this smoother class, called $C^{2+|\cdot|}$ the failure of
hyperbolicity is tamer than in $C^2$. Things get much worse with just a bit
less of smoothness than $C^2$ as then even the uniqueness is lost and other
asymptotic behavior become possible. We show that the period doubling
renormalization operator acting on the space of $C^{1+Lip}$ unimodal maps has
infinite topological entropy.


title: Visible and invisible molecular gas in collisional debris of galaxies

abstract:
  Molecular gas has been searched for and found in unexpectedly large
quantities in some collisional debris of interacting galaxies: HI-rich tidal
tails, bridges and collisional rings. It was so far observed through millimeter
observations of the CO line and detected towards or near regions of
star-formation associated to dense condensations of the atomic hydrogen. The
discovery of cool H2 at distances greater than 50 kpc from the parent
(colliding) galaxies, whereas the external disk of spirals is generally
considered to be CO-poor, raised question on its origin and favored the
hypothesis of a local production out of collapsed HI clouds. However recent
observations of a diffuse CO component along tidal debris have challenged this
idea. Another recent puzzle is the measurement in the collisional debris of two
interacting systems and four recycled objects of a missing mass, whereas no
dark matter is expected there. One debated interpretation is that this unseen
component is cold, "invisible" molecular gas initially present in the disk of
spirals.


title: Gauge fixing methods and Gribov copies effects in lattice QCD

abstract:
  We compare two Landau gauge fixing methods, aiming to find the global maximum
of the gauge fixing functional. Moreover, a systematic effect of Gribov copies
in the gluon and ghost propagators computed in Landau gauge is presented and
discussed.


title: Evolution of Schrodinger Uncertainty Relation in Quantum Mechanics

abstract:
  In the present article, we discuss one of the basic relations of Quantum
Mechanics - the Uncertainty Relation (UR). In 1930, few years after Heisenberg,
Erwin Schrodinger generalized the famous Uncertainty Relation in Quantum
Mechanics, making it more precise than the original. The present study
discusses recent generalizations of Schrodinger's work and explains why his
paper remains almost forgotten in the last century.


title:
The Cosmos in Your Pocket: How Cosmological Science Became Earth
  Technology. I

abstract:
  Astronomy provides a laboratory for extreme physics, a window into
environments at extremes of distance, temperature and density that often can't
be reproduced in Earth laboratories, or at least not right away. A surprising
amount of the science we understand today started out as solutions to problems
in astronomy. Some of this science was key in the development of many
technologies which we enjoy today. This paper describes some of these
connections between astronomy and technology and their history.


title:
Optimization of supply diversity for the self-assembly of simple objects
  in two and three dimensions

abstract:
  The field of algorithmic self-assembly is concerned with the design and
analysis of self-assembly systems from a computational perspective, that is,
from the perspective of mathematical problems whose study may give insight into
the natural processes through which elementary objects self-assemble into more
complex ones. One of the main problems of algorithmic self-assembly is the
minimum tile set problem (MTSP), which asks for a collection of types of
elementary objects (called tiles) to be found for the self-assembly of an
object having a pre-established shape. Such a collection is to be as concise as
possible, thus minimizing supply diversity, while satisfying a set of stringent
constraints having to do with the termination and other properties of the
self-assembly process from its tile types. We present a study of what we think
is the first practical approach to MTSP. Our study starts with the introduction
of an evolutionary heuristic to tackle MTSP and includes results from extensive
experimentation with the heuristic on the self-assembly of simple objects in
two and three dimensions. The heuristic we introduce combines classic elements
from the field of evolutionary computation with a problem-specific variant of
Pareto dominance into a multi-objective approach to MTSP.


title: Phase diagram of the one-dimensional half-filled extended Hubbard model

abstract:
  We study the ground state of the one-dimensional half-filled Hubbard model
with on-site (nearest-neighbor) repulsive interaction $U$ ($V$) and
nearest-neighbor hopping $t$. In order to obtain an accurate phase diagram, we
consider various physical quantities such as the charge gap, spin gap,
Luttinger-liquid exponents, and bond-order-wave (BOW) order parameter using the
density-matrix renormalization group technique. We confirm that the BOW phase
appears in a substantial region between the charge-density-wave (CDW) and
spin-density-wave phases. Each phase boundary is determined by multiple means
and it allows us to do a cross-check to demonstrate the validity of our
estimations. Thus, our results agree quantitatively with the renormalization
group results in the weak-coupling regime ($U \lesssim 2t$), with the
perturbation results in the strong-coupling regime ($U \gtrsim 6t$), and with
the quantum Monte Carlo results in the intermediate-coupling regime. We also
find that the BOW-CDW transition changes from continuous to first order at the
tricritical point $(U_{\rm t}, V_{\rm t}) \approx (5.89t, 3.10t)$ and the BOW
phase vanishes at the critical end point $(U_{\rm c}, V_{\rm c}) \approx
(9.25t, 4.76t)$.


title: New phases of finite temperature gauge theory from an extended action

abstract:
  We study the behavior of the order parameter, the phase diagram, and the
thermodynamics of exotic phases of finite temperature gauge theory. Lattice
simulations were performed in SU(3) and SU(4) with an adjoint Polyakov loop
term added to the standard Wilson action. In SU(3), the pattern of Z(3)
symmetry breaking in the new phase is distinct from the pattern observed in the
deconfined phase. In SU(4), the Z(4) symmetry is spontaneously broken down to
Z(2), representing a partially-confined phase. The existence of the new phases
is confirmed in analytical calculations of the free energy based on
high-temperature perturbation theory.


title: Finding pulsars with LOFAR

abstract:
  We investigate the number and type of pulsars that will be discovered with
the low-frequency radio telescope LOFAR. We consider different search
strategies for the Galaxy, for globular clusters and for galaxies other than
our own. We show an all-sky Galactic survey can be optimally carried out by
incoherently combining the LOFAR stations. In a 60-day all-sky Galactic survey
LOFAR can find over a thousand pulsars, probing the local pulsar population to
a very deep luminosity limit. For targets of smaller angular size, globular
clusters and galaxies, the LOFAR stations can be combined coherently, making
use of the full sensitivity. Searches of nearby northern-sky globular clusters
can find large numbers of low luminosity millisecond pulsars (eg. over 10 new
millisecond pulsars in a 10-hour observation of M15). If the pulsar population
in nearby galaxies is similar to that of the Milky Way, a 10-hour observation
could find the 10 brightest pulsars in M33, or pulsars in other galaxies out to
a distance of 1.2Mpc.


title: Remarks on the symmetric powers of cusp forms on GL(2)

abstract:
  In this paper we prove the following conditional result: Let F be a number
field, and pi a cusp form on GL(2)/F which is not solvable polyhedral. Assume
that all the symmetric powers sym^m(pi) are modular, i.e., define automorphic
forms on GL(m+1)/F. If sym^6(pi) is cuspidal, then all the symmetric powers are
cuspidal, for all m. Moreover, sym^6(pi) is Eisenteinian iff sym^5(pi) is an
abelian twist of the functorial product of pi with the symmetric square of a
cusp form pi' on GL(2)/F.


title:
The divided cell algorithm and the inhomogeneous Lagrange and Markoff
  spectra

abstract:
  The divided cell algorithm was introduced by Delone in 1947 to calculate the
inhomogeneous minima of binary quadratic forms and developed further by E. S.
Barnes and H. P. F. Swinnerton-Dyer in the 1950s. We show how advances of the
past fifty years in both symbolic computation and our understanding of
homogeneous spectra can be combined to make divided cells more useful for
organizing information about inhomogeneous approximation problems. A crucial
part of our analysis relies on work of Jane Pitman, who related the divided
cell algorithm to the regular continued fraction algorithm. In particular, the
relation to continued fractions allows two divided cells for the same problem
to be compared without stepping through the chain of divided cells connecting
them.


title:
Calculated Momentum Dependence of Zhang-Rice States in Transition Metal
  Oxides

abstract:
  Using a combination of local density functional theory and cluster exact
diagonalization based dynamical mean field theory, we calculate many body
electronic structures of several Mott insulating oxides including undoped high
T_{c} materials. The dispersions of the lowest occupied electronic states are
associated with the Zhang-Rice singlets in cuprates and with doublets,
triplets, quadruplets and quintets in more general cases. Our results agree
with angle resolved photoemission experiments including the decrease of the
spectral weight of the Zhang--Rice band as it approaches k=0.


title: Antisymmetric tensor matter fields in a curved space-time

abstract:
  An analysis about the antisymmetric tensor matter fields Avdeev-Chizhov
theory in a curved space-time is performed. We show, in a curved spacetime,
that the Avdeev-Chizhov theory can be seen as a kind of a $\lambda\phi^{4}$
theory for a "complex self-dual" field. This relationship between
Avdeev-Chizhov theory and $\lambda\phi^{4}$ theory simplify the study of tensor
matter fields in a curved space-time. The energy-momentum tensor for matter
fields is computed.


title: Dynamical Threshold Enhancement and Resummation in Drell-Yan Production

abstract:
  Partonic cross sections for the production of massive objects in hadronic
collisions receive large corrections when the invariant mass of the
initial-state partons is just above the production threshold. Since typically
the center-of-mass energy of the hadronic collision is much higher than the
mass of the heavy objects, it is not obvious that these contributions translate
into large corrections to the hadronic cross section. Using a recent approach
to threshold resummation based on effective field theory, we quantify to which
extent the fall-off of the parton densities at high x leads to a dynamical
enhancement of the partonic threshold region. With the example of Drell-Yan
production, we study the emergence of an effective physical scale
characterizing the soft emissions in the process. We derive compact analytical
expressions for the resummed Drell-Yan cross section and rapidity distribution
directly in momentum space. They are free of Landau-pole singularities and are
trivially matched onto fixed-order perturbative calculations. Evaluating the
resummed cross sections at NNNLL order and matching onto NNLO fixed-order
calculations, we perform a detailed numerical analysis of the cross section and
rapidity distribution in proton-proton collisions.


title: Yang-Mills theory over surfaces and the Atiyah-Segal theorem

abstract:
  In this paper we explain how Morse theory for the Yang-Mills functional can
be used to prove an analogue, for surface groups, of the Atiyah-Segal theorem.
Classically, the Atiyah-Segal theorem relates the representation ring R(\Gamma)
of a compact Lie group $\Gamma$ to the complex K-theory of the classifying
space $B\Gamma$. For infinite discrete groups, it is necessary to take into
account deformations of representations, and with this in mind we replace the
representation ring by Carlsson's deformation $K$--theory spectrum $\K
(\Gamma)$ (the homotopy-theoretical analogue of $R(\Gamma)$). Our main theorem
provides an isomorphism in homotopy $\K_*(\pi_1 \Sigma)\isom K^{-*}(\Sigma)$
for all compact, aspherical surfaces $\Sigma$ and all $*>0$. Combining this
result with work of Tyler Lawson, we obtain homotopy theoretical information
about the stable moduli space of flat unitary connections over surfaces.


title:
Demonstration of a New Transport Regime of Photon in Two-dimensional
  Photonic Crystal

abstract:
  A new transport regime of photon in two-dimensional photonic crystal near the
Dirac point has been demonstrated by exact numerical simulation. In this
regime, the conductance of photon is inversely proportional to the thickness of
sample, which can be described by Dirac equation very well. Both of bulk and
surface disorders always reduce the transmission, which is in contrast to the
previous theoretical prediction that they increase the conductance of electron
at the Dirac point of grephene. However, regular tuning of interface structures
can cause the improvement of photon conductance. Furthermore, large conductance
fluctuations of photon have also been observed, which is similar to the case of
electron in graphene.


title: The One-Dimensional Wigner Crystal in Carbon Nanotubes

abstract:
  Electron-electron interactions strongly affect the behavior of
low-dimensional systems. In one dimension (1D), arbitrarily weak interactions
qualitatively alter the ground state producing a Luttinger liquid (LL) which
has now been observed in a number of experimental systems. Interactions are
even more important at low carrier density, and in the limit when the
long-ranged Coulomb potential is the dominant energy scale, the electron liquid
is expected to become a periodically ordered solid known as the Wigner crystal.
In 1D, the Wigner crystal has been predicted to exhibit novel spin and magnetic
properties not present in an ordinary LL. However, despite recent progress in
coupled quantum wires, unambiguous experimental demonstration of this state has
not been possible due to the role of disorder. Here, we demonstrate using
low-temperature single-electron transport spectroscopy that a hole gas in
low-disorder carbon nanotubes with a band gap is a realization of the 1D Wigner
crystal. Our observation can lead to unprecedented control over the behavior of
the spatially separated system of carriers, and could be used to realize solid
state quantum computing with long coherence times.


title: Quantum Control Landscapes

abstract:
  Numerous lines of experimental, numerical and analytical evidence indicate
that it is surprisingly easy to locate optimal controls steering quantum
dynamical systems to desired objectives. This has enabled the control of
complex quantum systems despite the expense of solving the Schrodinger equation
in simulations and the complicating effects of environmental decoherence in the
laboratory. Recent work indicates that this simplicity originates in universal
properties of the solution sets to quantum control problems that are
fundamentally different from their classical counterparts. Here, we review
studies that aim to systematically characterize these properties, enabling the
classification of quantum control mechanisms and the design of globally
efficient quantum control algorithms.


title:
Uniformly Balanced Repeated Measurements Designs in the Presence of
  Subject Dropout

abstract:
  Low, Lewis and Prescott (1999) showed that a crossover design based on a
Williams Latin square of order 4 can suffer substantial loss of efficiency if
some observations in the final period are unavailable. Indeed, if all
observations are missing, the design becomes disconnected. We derive the
information matrix for the direct effects of a Uniformly Balanced Repeated
Measurements Design (UBRMD) in t periods when subjects may drop out before the
end of the study and examine the maximum loss of information. The special case
of loss of observations in the final period only is examined in detail. In
particular we show that a UBRMD in t>= 5 periods remains connected when some or
all observations in the final period are unavailable.


title: Habitability of Planets in Binaries

abstract:
  A survey of currently known extrasolar planets indicates that close to 20% of
their hosting stars are members of binary systems. While the majority of these
binaries are wide (i.e., with separations between 250 and 6500 AU), the
detection of Jovian-type planets in the three binaries of Gamma Cephei
(separation of 18.5 AU), GL 86 (separation of 21 AU), and HD 41004 (separation
of 23 AU) have brought to the forefront questions on the formation of giant
planets and the possibility of the existence of smaller bodies in moderately
close binary star systems. This paper discusses the late stage of the formation
of habitable planets in binary systems that host Jovian-type bodies, and
reviews the effects of the binary companion on the formation of Earth-like
planets in the system's habitable zone. The results of a large survey of the
parameter-space of binary-planetary systems in search of regions where
habitable planets can form and have long-term stable orbits are also presented.


title: Entanglement of a Laguerre-Gaussian cavity mode with a rotating mirror

abstract:
  It has previously been shown theoretically that the exchange of linear
momentum between the light field in an optical cavity and a vibrating end
mirror can entangle the electromagnetic field with the vibrational motion of
that mirror. In this paper we consider the rotational analog of this situation
and show that radiation torque can similarly entangle a Laguerre-Gaussian
cavity mode with a rotating end mirror. We examine the mirror-field
entanglement as a function of ambient temperature, radiation detuning and
orbital angular momentum carried by the cavity mode.


title: The type N Karlhede bound is sharp

abstract:
  We present a family of four-dimensional Lorentzian manifolds whose invariant
classification requires the seventh covariant derivative of the curvature
tensor. The spacetimes in questions are null radiation, type N solutions on an
anti-de Sitter background. The large order of the bound is due to the fact that
these spacetimes are properly $CH_2$, i.e., curvature homogeneous of order 2
but non-homogeneous. This means that tetrad components of $R, \nabla R,
\nabla^{(2)}R$ are constant, and that essential coordinates first appear as
components of $\nabla^{(3)}R$. Covariant derivatives of orders 4,5,6 yield one
additional invariant each, and $\nabla^{(7)}R$ is needed for invariant
classification. Thus, our class proves that the bound of 7 on the order of the
covariant derivative, first established by Karlhede, is sharp. Our finding
corrects an outstanding assertion that invariant classification of
four-dimensional Lorentzian manifolds requires at most $\nabla^{(6)}R$.


title: Convexity and Cone-Vexing

abstract:
  The idea of convexity feeds generation, separation, calculus, and
approximation. Generation appears as duality; separation, as optimality;
calculus, as representation; and approximation, as stability. This is an
overview of the origin, evolution, and trends of convexity. Study of convexity
in the Sobolev Institute was initiated by Leonid Kantorovich (1912--1986) and
Alexandr Alexandrov (1912--1999). This talk is a part of their memory.


title:
Deblurring of Motionally Averaged Images with Applications to
  Single-Particle Cryo-Electron Microscopy

abstract:
  This paper addresses the deconvolution of an image that has been obtained by
superimposing many copies of an underlying unknown image of interest. The
superposition is assumed to not be exact due to noise, and is described using
an error distribution in position, orientation, or both. We assume that a good
estimate of the error distribution is known. The most natural approach to take
for the purely translational case is to apply the Fourier transform and use the
classical convolution theorem together with a Weiner filter to invert. In the
case of purely rotational deblurring, the similar Fourier analysis is applied.
That is, for an blurred image function defined on polar coordinates, the
Fourier series and the convolution theorem for the series can be applied. In
the case of combinations of translational and rotational errors, the
motion-group Fourier transform is used. In addition, for the three cases we
present the alternative method using Hermite and Laguerre-Fourier expansion,
which has a special property in Fourier transform. The problem that is solved
here is motivated by one of the steps in the cryo-electron-tomographic
reconstruction of biomolecular complexes such as viruses and ion channels.


title: Pion mass difference from vacuum polarization

abstract:
  We calculate the electromagnetic contribution to the pion mass difference,
$\Delta m^2_\pi=m^2_{\pi^+}-m^2_{\pi^0}$, in the chiral limit through the
$VV-AA$ type vacuum polarization using Das-Guralnik-Mathur-Low-Young (DGMLY)
sum rule. The calculation is made with two-flavors of dynamical overlap
fermions on a $16^3\times 32$ lattice at $a\sim$0.12 fm. The exact chiral
symmetry of the overlap fermion is essential to control the systematic error in
the difference $VV-AA$. We obtain $\Delta m_\pi^2 = 1024(100) {\rm MeV^2}$
combining the lattice data with the perturbative contribution in the high
momentum region evaluated by the operator product expansion. By analyzing the
momentum dependence of the vacuum polarization, we also obtain pion decay
constant $f_\pi$ and the low-energy constants $L_{10}^r$ in the chiral limit.


title: Entanglement renormalization in fermionic systems

abstract:
  We demonstrate, in the context of quadratic fermion lattice models in one and
two spatial dimensions, the potential of entanglement renormalization (ER) to
define a proper real-space renormalization group transformation. Our results
show, for the first time, the validity of the multi-scale entanglement
renormalization ansatz (MERA) to describe ground states in two dimensions, even
at a quantum critical point. They also unveil a connection between the
performance of ER and the logarithmic violations of the boundary law for
entanglement in systems with a one-dimensional Fermi surface. ER is recast in
the language of creation/annihilation operators and correlation matrices.