title:
The counterion condensation of differently flexible polyelectrolyte
  aqueous solutions in the dilute and semidilute regime

abstract:
  The low-frequency limit of the electrical conductivity (d.c. conductivity) of
differently flexible polyions in aqueous solutions has been measured over an
extended polyion concentration range, covering both the dilute and semidilute
(entangled and unentangled) regime, up to the concentrated regime. The data
have been analyzed taking into account the different flexibility of the polymer
chains according to the scaling theory of polyion solutions, in the case of
flexible polyions, and according to the Manning model, in the case of rigid
polyions. In both cases, the fraction f of free counterions, released into the
aqueous phase from the ionizable polyion groups, has been evaluated and its
dependence on the polyion concentration determined. Our results show that the
counterion condensation follows at least three different regimes in dependence
on the polyion concentration. The fraction f of free counterions remains
constant only in the semidilute regime (a region that we have named the Manning
regime), while there is a marked dependence on the polyion concentration both
in the dilute and in the concentrated regime. These results are briefly
discussed at the light of the aqueous ionic solutions.


title: Medium properties and jet-medium interaction from STAR

abstract:
  We report recent STAR results on medium modification of 2- and 3-particle
correlations in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC. In particular properties of an
additional extended correlation in pseudo-rapidity (``the ridge''), not present
in p+p or d+Au collisions, are discussed. Next, the shape modification of the
away-side correlation peak at low- and intermediate-$p_T$ is investigated to
look for signals of Mach cone shock waves or \v{C}erenkov gluon emission.


title: Control of scroll wave turbulence using resonant perturbations

abstract:
  Turbulence of scroll waves is a sort of spatio-temporal chaos that exists in
three-dimensional excitable media. Cardiac tissue and the Belousov-Zhabotinsky
reaction are examples of such media. In cardiac tissue, chaotic behaviour is
believed to underlie fibrillation which, without intervention, precedes cardiac
death. In this study we investigate suppression of the turbulence using
stimulation of two different types, "modulation of excitability" and "extra
transmembrane current". With cardiac defibrillation in mind, we used a single
pulse as well as repetitive extra current with both constant and feedback
controlled frequency. We show that turbulence can be terminated using either a
resonant modulation of excitability or a resonant extra current. The turbulence
is terminated with much higher probability using a resonant frequency
perturbation than a non-resonant one. Suppression of the turbulence using a
resonant frequency is up to fifty times faster than using a non-resonant
frequency, in both the modulation of excitability and the extra current modes.
We also demonstrate that resonant perturbation requires strength one order of
magnitude lower than that of a single pulse, which is currently used in
clinical practice to terminate cardiac fibrillation. Our results provide a
robust method of controlling complex chaotic spatio-temporal processes.
Resonant drift of spiral waves has been studied extensively in two dimensions,
however, these results show for the first time that it also works in three
dimensions, despite the complex nature of the scroll wave turbulence.


title: Classification of strict wonderful varieties

abstract:
  In the setting of strict wonderful varieties we answer positively to Luna's
conjecture, saying that wonderful varieties are classified by combinatorial
objects, the so-called spherical systems. In particular, we prove that strict
wonderful varieties are mostly obtained from symmetric spaces, spherical
nilpotent orbits or model spaces. To make the paper self-contained as much as
possible, we shall gather some known results on these families and more
generally on wonderful varieties.


title: Effective lambda-models vs recursively enumerable lambda-theories

abstract:
  A longstanding open problem is whether there exists a non syntactical model
of the untyped lambda-calculus whose theory is exactly the least lambda-theory
(l-beta). In this paper we investigate the more general question of whether the
equational/order theory of a model of the (untyped) lambda-calculus can be
recursively enumerable (r.e. for brevity). We introduce a notion of effective
model of lambda-calculus calculus, which covers in particular all the models
individually introduced in the literature. We prove that the order theory of an
effective model is never r.e.; from this it follows that its equational theory
cannot be l-beta or l-beta-eta. We then show that no effective model living in
the stable or strongly stable semantics has an r.e. equational theory.
Concerning Scott's semantics, we investigate the class of graph models and
prove that no order theory of a graph model can be r.e., and that there exists
an effective graph model whose equational/order theory is minimum among all
theories of graph models. Finally, we show that the class of graph models
enjoys a kind of downwards Lowenheim-Skolem theorem.


title: Moduli spaces of rank 2 ACM bundles on prime Fano threefolds

abstract:
  Given a smooth non-hyperelliptic prime Fano threefold X, we prove the
existence of all rank 2 ACM vector bundles on X by deformation of semistable
sheaves. We show that these bundles move in generically smooth components of
the corresponding moduli space. We give applications to pfaffian
representations of quartic threefolds in P^4 and cubic hypersurfaces of a
smooth quadric of P^5.


title: Open charm measurement with HFT at STAR

abstract:
  Thermalization is one of the key questions in understanding the matter
created in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Heavy-flavor quark collectivity could be
used to indicate the degree of thermalization of the light-flavor quarks. Heavy
quark energy loss could give important information on color charge density of
the medium. Direct reconstruction of open charm hadrons is essential for these
measurements. The Heavy Flavor Tracker (HFT) is a proposed upgrade of the STAR
experiment. Full GEANT simulation of tracking with HFT was performed, showing
its excellent capability to reconstruct open charm hadrons in broad p_T range
at midrapidity. Estimated errors on measurement of D0 meson v_2 and R_{CP} are
presented.


title: Scalar hadrons in $AdS_{5} \times S^{5}$

abstract:
  A holographic model is presented, which allows to describe scalar hadrons
with an arbitrary number of constituents.


title:
Anisotropic fluid dynamics in the early stage of relativistic heavy-ion
  collisions

abstract:
  A formalism for anisotropic fluid dynamics is proposed. It is designed to
describe boost-invariant systems with anisotropic pressure. Such systems are
expected to be produced at the early stages of relativistic heavy-ion
collisions, when the timescales are too short to achieve equal thermalization
of transverse and longitudinal degrees of freedom. The approach is based on the
energy-momentum and entropy conservation laws, and may be regarded as a minimal
extension of the boost-invariant standard relativistic hydrodynamics of the
perfect fluid. We show how the formalism may be used to describe the
isotropization of the system (the transition from the initial state with no
longitudinal pressure to the final state with equal longitudinal and transverse
pressure).


title:
Review of factorization breaking in diffractive photoproduction of
  dijets

abstract:
  After the final analyses of the H1 and ZEUS collaborations for the
diffractive photoproduction of dijets have appeared, we have recalculated these
cross sections in next-to-leading order (NLO) of perturbative QCD to see
whether they can be interpreted consistently. The results of these calculations
are compared to the data of both collaborations. We find that at NLO the cross
sections disagree with the data, showing that factorization breaking occurs at
this order. If direct and resolved contributions are both suppressed by the
same amount, the global suppression factor depends on the transverse-energy cut
and is 0.42 for the H1 and 0.71 for the ZEUS analysis. However, by suppressing
only the resolved contribution by a factor of approximately three, also
reasonably good agreement with all the data is found. The size of the
factorization breaking effects for resolved photons agrees with
absorptive-model predictions.


title: An N=1 Superfield Action for M2 branes

abstract:
  We present an octonionic N=1 superfield action that reproduces in components
the action of Bagger and Lambert for M2 branes. By giving an expectation value
to one of the scalars we obtain the maximally supersymmetric superfield action
for D2 branes.


title:
Anomalous Fiber Optic Gyroscope Signals Observed above Spinning Rings at
  Low Temperature

abstract:
  Precision fiber optic gyroscopes were mounted mechanically de-coupled above
spinning rings inside a cryostat. Below a critical temperature (typically <30
K), the gyroscopes measure a significant deviation from their usual offset due
to Earth's rotation. This deviation is proportional to the applied angular ring
velocity with maximum signals towards lower temperatures. The anomalous
gyroscope signal is about 8 orders of magnitude smaller then the applied
angular ring velocity, compensating about one third of the Earth rotation
offset at an angular top speed of 420 rad/s. Moreover, our data shows a parity
violation as the effect appears to be dominant for rotation against the Earth's
spin. No systematic effect was found to explain this effect including the
magnetic environment, vibration and helium gas friction suggesting that our
observation is a new low temperature phenomenon. Tests in various
configurations suggest that the rotating low temperature helium may be the
source of our anomalous signals.


title: Homogeneous para-K\"ahler Einstein manifolds

abstract:
  A para-K\"ahler manifold can be defined as a pseudo-Riemannian manifold
$(M,g)$ with a parallel skew-symmetric para-complex structures $K$, i.e. a
parallel field of skew-symmetric endomorphisms with $ K^2 = \mathrm{Id} $ or,
equivalently, as a symplectic manifold $(M,\omega)$ with a bi-Lagrangian
structure $L^\pm$, i.e. two complementary integrable Lagrangian distributions.
  A homogeneous manifold $M = G/H$ of a semisimple Lie group $G$ admits an
invariant para-K\"ahler structure $(g,K)$ if and only if it is a covering of
the adjoint orbit $\mathrm{Ad}_Gh$ of a semisimple element $h.$ We give a
description of all invariant para-K\"ahler structures $(g,K)$ on a such
homogeneous manifold. Using a para-complex analogue of basic formulas of
K\"ahler geometry, we prove that any invariant para-complex structure $K$ on $M
= G/H$ defines a unique para-K\"ahler Einstein structure $(g,K)$ with given
non-zero scalar curvature. An explicit formula for the Einstein metric $g$ is
given.
  A survey of recent results on para-complex geometry is included.


title: Gravitational waveforms for spinning compact binaries

abstract:
  The rotation of the bodies and the eccentricity of the orbit have significant
effects on the emitted gravitational radiation of binary systems. This work
focuses on the evaluation of the gravitational wave polarization states for
spinning compact binaries. We consider binaries on eccentric orbits and the
spin-orbit interaction up to the 1.5 post-Newtonian order in a way which is
independent of the parameterization of the orbit. The equations of motion for
angular variables are included. The formal expressions of the polarization
states are given with the inclusion of higher order corrections to the
waveform.


title:
Exposing Multi-Relational Networks to Single-Relational Network Analysis
  Algorithms

abstract:
  Many, if not most network analysis algorithms have been designed specifically
for single-relational networks; that is, networks in which all edges are of the
same type. For example, edges may either represent "friendship," "kinship," or
"collaboration," but not all of them together. In contrast, a multi-relational
network is a network with a heterogeneous set of edge labels which can
represent relationships of various types in a single data structure. While
multi-relational networks are more expressive in terms of the variety of
relationships they can capture, there is a need for a general framework for
transferring the many single-relational network analysis algorithms to the
multi-relational domain. It is not sufficient to execute a single-relational
network analysis algorithm on a multi-relational network by simply ignoring
edge labels. This article presents an algebra for mapping multi-relational
networks to single-relational networks, thereby exposing them to
single-relational network analysis algorithms.


title:
Testing magnetically confined wind shock models for Beta Cep using
  XMM-Newton and Chandra phase-resolved X-ray observations

abstract:
  (abridged) We have performed a set of phase-resolved X-ray observations of
the magnetic B star Beta Cep, for which theoretical models predict the presence
of a confined wind emitting X-rays from stationary shocks.
  We obtained four observations spaced in rotational phase with XMM-Newton and
with Chandra. A detailed analysis of the data was performed to derive both
photometric and spectral parameters from the EPIC data, searching for
rotational modulation, and to derive the location of the X-ray plasma from the
line ratios in the He-like triplets of N, O and Ne from the RGS data. The LETG
data were used to constrain the presence of bulk motions in the plasma.
  The strong rotational modulation predicted by the early, static magnetically
confined wind model for the X-ray emission is not observed in Beta Cep. The
small modulation present goes in the opposite direction, pointing to the
absence of any optically thick disk of neutral material, and showing a
modulation consistent with the later, dynamic models of magnetically confined
wind models in B stars. The lack of observed bulk motion points to the plasma
being confined by a magnetic field, but the low plasma temperature and lack of
any flaring show that the plasma is not heated by magnetic reconnection.
Therefore, the observations point to X-ray emission from shocks in a
magnetically confined wind, with no evidence of an optically thick, dense disk
at the magnetic equator


title:
Holomorphic self-maps of the disk intertwining two linear fractional
  maps

abstract:
  We characterize (in almost all cases) the holomorphic self-maps of the unit
disk that intertwine two given linear fractional self-maps of the disk. The
proofs are based on iteration and a careful analysis of the Denjoy-Wolff
points. In particular, we characterize the maps that commute with a given
linear fractional map (in the cases that are not already known) and, as an
application, determine all "roots" of such maps in the sense of iteration (if
any). This yields as a byproduct a short proof of a recent theorem on the
embedding of a linear fractional transformation into a semigroup of holomorphic
self-maps of the disk.


title:
Exact Relations for a Strongly-interacting Fermi Gas near a Feshbach
  Resonance

abstract:
  A set of universal relations between various properties of any few-body or
many-body system consisting of fermions with two spin states and a large but
finite scattering length have been derived by Shina Tan. We derive
generalizations of the Tan relations for a two-channel model for fermions near
a Feshbach resonance that includes a molecular state whose detuning energy
controls the scattering length. We use quantum field theory methods, including
renormalization and the operator product expansion, to derive these relations.
They reduce to the Tan relations as the scattering length is made increasingly
large.


title: Mesons at large Nc from lattice QCD

abstract:
  We calculate the pion and rho meson masses in quenched SU(N) gauge theories
for N = 2, 3, 4 and 6. Extrapolating these results to the chiral and large-N
limits, we find m_rho = (1.670 +/- 0.024) sqrt(sigma) = (741 +/- 11) MeV for
the rho meson mass at a fixed lattice spacing a \approx 0.2093 sqrt(sigma)
\approx 0.093 fm where we use the (arbitrary) value (444 MeV)^2 for the string
tension. We estimate a continuum limit large-N value, m_rho = 1.77 +/- 0.05
sqrt(sigma). We find 1/N^2 corrections to be small and we compare our results
to predictions from AdS/QCD.


title: The X-ray cycle in the solar-type star HD 81809

abstract:
  (abridged) Our long-term XMM-Newton program of long-term monitoring of a
solar-like star with a well-studied chromospheric cycle, HD 81809 aims to study
whether an X-ray cycle is present, along with studying its characteristics and
its relation to the chromospheric cycle. Regular observations of HD 81809 were
performed with XMM-Newton, spaced by 6 months from 2001 to 2007. We studied the
variations in the resulting coronal luminosity and temperature, and compared
them with the chromospheric CaII variations. We also modeled the observations
in terms of a mixture of active regions, using a methodology originally
developed to study the solar corona. Our observations show a well-defined cycle
with an amplitude exceeding 1 dex and an average luminosity approximately one
order of magnitude higher than in the Sun. The behavior of the corona of HD
81809 can be modeled well in terms of varying coverage of solar-like active
regions, with a larger coverage than for the Sun, showing it to be compatible
with a simple extension of the solar case.


title: Abundances of four open clusters from solar stars

abstract:
  We present the abundance measurements of several elements (Fe, Ca, Na, Ni,
Ti, Al, Cr, Si) for 20 solar--type stars belonging to four Galactic open
clusters: NGC 3680, IC 4651, Praesepe, and M 67. Oxygen abundances were in
addition measured for most of the stars in each cluster apart from IC 4651. For
NGC 3680 accurate abundance determinations using high--resolution spectra
covering a large spectral domain are computed for the first time. We used UVES
high--resolution, high signal to noise ratio spectra and performed a
differential analysis with respect to the sun, by measuring equivalent widths
and assuming LTE. The most surprising result is a significant supersolar
metallicity for Praesepe ([Fe/H]=0.27+-0.10). As for the other clusters, we
confirm a supersolar metallicity for IC 4651 ([Fe/H]=0.12+-0.05), a solar
metallicity for M 67 ([Fe/H]=0.03+-0.04) and a slight subsolar metallicity for
NGC 3680 ([Fe/H]=-0.04+-0.03). We find that the abundance ratios of almost all
elements are solar, with the notable exception of oxygen in NGC 3680 and
Praesepe, supersolar in the former cluster ([O/Fe]=0.2+-0.05) and as low as
[O/Fe]=-0.4+-0.1 in the latter. Observations of several objects per cluster is
required to obtain robust results, especially for those elements with a limited
number of suitable lines.


title:
The X-Ray Spectrum of a Planetary Nebula at High Resolution: Chandra
  Gratings Spectroscopy of BD+30 3639

abstract:
  We present the results of the first X-ray gratings spectroscopy observations
of a planetary nebula (PN), the X-ray-bright, young BD+30 3639. We observed
BD+30 3639 for a total of 300 ks with the Chandra X-ray Observatory's Low
Energy Transmission Gratings in combination with its Advanced CCD Imaging
Spectrometer(LETG/ACIS-S). The LETG/ACIS-S spectrum of BD+30 3639 is dominated
by H-like resonance lines of O viii and C sc vi and the He-like triplet line
complexes of Ne ix and O vii. Other H-like resonance lines, such as N vii, as
well as lines of highly ionized Fe, are weak or absent. Continuum emission is
evident over the range 6-18 A. Spectral modeling indicates the presence of a
range of plasma temperatures from T~1.7x10^6 K to 2.9x10^6 K and an intervening
absorbing column N_H~2.4x10^21 cm-2. The same modeling conclusively
demonstrates that C and Ne are highly enhanced, with abundance ratios of
C/O~15-45 and Ne/O~3.3-5.0 (90% confidence ranges, relative to the solar
ratios), while N and Fe are depleted, N/O~0.0-1.0 and Fe/O~0.1-0.4. The
intrinsic luminosity of the X-ray source determined from the modeling and the
measured flux (F_X = 4.1x10^-13 ergs cm-2 s-1) is L_X~8.6x10^32 erg
s-1(assuming D = 1.2kpc). These gratings spectroscopy results are generally
consistent with earlier results obtained from X-ray CCD imaging spectroscopy of
BD+30 3639, but are far more precise. The tight constraints placed on the
(nonsolar) abundances directly implicate the present-day central star -- hence,
ultimately, the intershell region of the progenitor asymptotic giant branch
star -- as the origin of the shocked plasma now emitting in X-rays.


title:
The univalent Bloch-Landau constant, harmonic symmetry and conformal
  glueing

abstract:
  By modifying a domain first suggested by Ruth Goodman in 1935 and by
exploiting the explicit solution by Fedorov of the Poly\'a-Chebotarev problem
in the case of four symmetrically placed points, an improved upper bound for
the univalent Bloch-Landau constant is obtained. The domain that leads to this
improved bound takes the form of a disk from which some arcs are removed in
such a way that the resulting simply connected domain is harmonically symmetric
in each arc with respect to the origin. The existence of domains of this type
is established, using techniques from conformal welding, and some general
properties of harmonically symmetric arcs in this setting are established.


title: A variational formulation of relativistic hydrodynamics

abstract:
  We combine Taub's and Ray's variational approaches to relativistic
hydrodynamics of perfect fluids into another simple formulation.


title: Quantum Gas of Deeply Bound Ground State Molecules

abstract:
  We create an ultracold dense quantum gas of ground state molecules bound by
more than 1000 wavenumbers by stimulated two-photon transfer of molecules
associated on a Feshbach resonance from a Bose-Einstein condensate of cesium
atoms. The transfer efficiency exceeds 80%. In the process, the initial loose,
long-range electrostatic bond of the Feshbach molecule is coherently
transformed into a tight chemical bond. We demonstrate coherence of the
transfer in a Ramsey-type experiment and show that the molecular sample is not
heated during the transfer. Our results show that the preparation of a quantum
gas of molecules in arbitrary rovibrational states is possible and that the
creation of a Bose-Einstein condensate of molecules in their rovibronic ground
state is within reach.


title:
Energy Scales in the Raman spectrum of electrons and hole doped cuprates
  within competing scenarios

abstract:
  Recent experiments in underdoped hole-doped cuprates have shown the presence
of two energy scales in the Raman spectrum in the superconducting state. This
feature has a natural explanation in some models in which pseudogap and
superconductivity compete. In electron-doped cuprates antiferromagnetic
correlations are believed to survive in the superconducting state, and to
produce a pseudogap above the critical temperature. Contrary to hole-doped
systems, in electron-doped compounds only one energy scale appear since the
pair breaking Raman intensity peaks in both B$_{1g}$ (antinodal) and B$_{2g}$
(nodal) channels at a frequency of a few meV, typical of the superconducting
order parameter. In this paper we analyze the different effect in the Raman
spectrum of the competition between pseudogap and superconductivity in electron
and hole-doped cuprates. The difference in energy scales in both systems is
explained in terms of the different truncation of the Fermi surface induced by
the pseudogap. For electron-doped cuprates we also analyze the spectrum with
antiferromagnetism and a non-monotonic superconducting order parameter.


title: Extraterrestrial nucleobases in the Murchison meteorite

abstract:
  Carbon-rich meteorites, carbonaceous chondrites, contain many biologically
relevant organic molecules and delivered prebiotic material to the young Earth.
We present compound-specific carbon isotope data indicating that measured
purine and pyrimidine compounds are indigenous components of the Murchison
meteorite. Carbon isotope ratios for uracil and xanthine of delta13C=+44.5per
mil and +37.7per mil, respectively, indicate a non-terrestrial origin for these
compounds. These new results demonstrate that organic compounds, which are
components of the genetic code in modern biochemistry, were already present in
the early solar system and may have played a key role in life's origin.


title: Approximately Counting Embeddings into Random Graphs

abstract:
  Let H be a graph, and let C_H(G) be the number of (subgraph isomorphic)
copies of H contained in a graph G. We investigate the fundamental problem of
estimating C_H(G). Previous results cover only a few specific instances of this
general problem, for example, the case when H has degree at most one
(monomer-dimer problem). In this paper, we present the first general subcase of
the subgraph isomorphism counting problem which is almost always efficiently
approximable. The results rely on a new graph decomposition technique.
Informally, the decomposition is a labeling of the vertices such that every
edge is between vertices with different labels and for every vertex all
neighbors with a higher label have identical labels. The labeling implicitly
generates a sequence of bipartite graphs which permits us to break the problem
of counting embeddings of large subgraphs into that of counting embeddings of
small subgraphs. Using this method, we present a simple randomized algorithm
for the counting problem. For all decomposable graphs H and all graphs G, the
algorithm is an unbiased estimator. Furthermore, for all graphs H having a
decomposition where each of the bipartite graphs generated is small and almost
all graphs G, the algorithm is a fully polynomial randomized approximation
scheme.
  We show that the graph classes of H for which we obtain a fully polynomial
randomized approximation scheme for almost all G includes graphs of degree at
most two, bounded-degree forests, bounded-length grid graphs, subdivision of
bounded-degree graphs, and major subclasses of outerplanar graphs,
series-parallel graphs and planar graphs, whereas unbounded-length grid graphs
are excluded.


title:
Are oxygen and neon enriched in PNe and is the current solar Ne/O
  abundance ratio underestimated?

abstract:
  A thorough critical literature survey has been carried out for reliable
measurements of oxygen and neon abundances of planetary nebulae (PNe) and HII
regions. By contrasting the results of PNe and of HII regions, we aim to
address the issues of the evolution of oxygen and neon in the interstellar
medium (ISM) and in the late evolutionary phases of low- and intermediate-mass
stars (LIMS), as well as the currently hotly disputed solar Ne/O abundance
ratio. Through the comparisons, we find that neon abundance and Ne/O ratio
increase with increasing oxygen abundance in both types of nebulae, with
positive correlation coefficients larger than 0.75. The correlations suggest
different enrichment mechanisms for oxygen and neon in the ISM, in the sense
that the growth of neon is delayed compared to oxygen. The differences of
abundances between PNe and HII regions, are mainly attributed to the results of
nucleosynthesis and dredge-up processes that occurred in the progenitor stars
of PNe. We find that both these alpha-elements are significantly enriched at
low metallicity (initial oxygen abundance <= 8.0) but not at metallicity higher
than the SMC. The fact that Ne/O ratios measured in PNe are almost the same as
those in HII regions, regardless of the metallicity, suggests a very similar
production mechanism of neon and oxygen in intermediate mass stars (IMS) of low
initial metallicities and in more massive stars, a conjecture that requires
verification by further theoretical studies. This result also strongly suggests
that both the solar neon abundance and the Ne/O ratio should be revised upwards
by ~0.22 dex from the Asplund, Grevesse & Sauval values or by ~0.14 dex from
the Grevesse & Sauval values.


title:
Theory of Viscosity of Confined Fluids in Small / Nano Systems (Theory
  of Interfacial Viscosity)

abstract:
  In this paper we present the molecular theory of viscosity of confined fluids
in small or nano systems. This theory is also applicable to the interfacial
viscosity. The basis of this research work is the Enskog kinetic theory and the
Boussinesq constitutive equation. The Enskog kinetic theory is first
transformed into a two-dimensional form. Then the potential energy collisional
transfer part of the flux vector and the contribution to the surface pressure
tensor due to collisional transfer are derived. Then the kinetic energy part of
the flux vector and consequently the contribution to the surface pressure
tensor due to flow of molecules is obtained. The microscopic expression of
total surface pressure tensor is obtained by adding of the potential energy
collisional transfer part and the kinetic energy contribution. Then the
expression of interfacial shear and dilatational viscosities are concluded by
the comparison of corresponding terms of the two microscopic and macroscopic
surface pressure tensor equations. Finally the dimensionless forms of
interfacial shear viscosity, interfacial dilatational viscosity and the surface
tension equations are derived and they are plotted versus the reduced
superficial number density.


title:
A distinct bosonic mode in an electron-doped high-transition-temperature
  superconductor

abstract:
  Despite recent advances in understanding high-transition-temperature (high-T
c) superconductors, there is no consensus on the origin of the superconducting
'glue': that is, the mediator that binds electrons into superconducting pairs.
The main contenders are lattice vibrations (phonons) and spin-excitations with
the additional possibility of pairing without mediators. In conventional
superconductors, phonon-mediated pairing was unequivocally established by data
from tunnelling experiments. Proponents of phonons as the high-T c glue were
therefore encouraged by the recent scanning tunnelling microscopy experiments
on hole-doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8-delta (BSCCO) that reveal an oxygen lattice
vibrational mode whose energy is anticorrelated with the superconducting gap
energy scale. Here we report high-resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy
measurements of the electron-doped high-T c superconductor Pr0.88LaCe0.12CuO4
(PLCCO) (T c = 24 K) that reveal a bosonic excitation (mode) at energies of
10.5 plus/minus 2.5 meV. This energy is consistent with both spin-excitations
in PLCCO measured by inelastic neutron scattering (resonance mode) and a
low-energy acoustic phonon mode, but differs substantially from the oxygen
vibrational mode identified in BSCCO. Our analysis of the variation of the
local mode energy and intensity with the local gap energy scale indicates an
electronic origin of the mode consistent with spin-excitations rather than
phonons.


title:
E3-brane instantons and baryonic operators for D3-branes on toric
  singularities

abstract:
  We consider the couplings induced on the world-volume field theory of
D3-branes at local toric Calabi-Yau singularities by euclidean D3-brane
(E3-brane) instantons wrapped on (non-compact) holomorphic 4-cycles. These
instantons produce insertions of BPS baryonic or mesonic operators of the
four-dimensional ${\cal{N}}=1$ quiver gauge theory. We argue that these systems
underlie, via the near-horizon limit, the familiar AdS/CFT map between BPS
operators and D3-branes wrapped on supersymmetric 3-cycles on the 5d horizon.
The relation implies that there must exist E3-brane instantons with appropriate
fermion mode spectrum and couplings, such that their non-perturbative effects
on the D3-branes induce operators forming a generating set for all BPS
operators of the quiver CFT. We provide a constructive argument for this
correspondence, thus supporting the picture.


title: On exact solutions to the scalar field equations in standard cosmology

abstract:
  A simple algebraic method to obtain exact solutions to the scalar field
equations in spatially flat FRW cosmology is derived. The field potential
fuction is reduced to two terms which can be used to determine some
characteristic inflationary variables. To demonstrate the method, exact
solutions resembling typical potentials of general interest are worked out.
Finally, it is shown that this method of solution is also applicable to a
perfect fluid in the same metric, for a curvature k>=0 and fixed gamma.


title: The Large Scale Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy as Observed with Milagro

abstract:
  Results are presented of a harmonic analysis of the large scale cosmic-ray
anisotropy as observed by the Milagro observatory. We show a two-dimensional
display of the sidereal anisotropy pro jections in right ascension generated by
the fitting of three harmonics to 18 separate declination bands. The Milagro
observatory is a water Cherenkov detector located in the Jemez mountains near
Los Alamos, New Mexico. With a high duty cycle and large field-of-view, Milagro
is an excellent instrument for measuring this anisotropy with high sensitivity
at TeV energies. The analysis is conducted using a seven year data sample
consisting of more than 95 billion events, the largest such data set in
existence. We observe an anisotropy with a magnitude around 0.1% for cosmic
rays with a median energy of 6 TeV. The dominant feature is a deficit region of
depth (2.49 +/- 0.02 stat. +/- 0.09 sys.)x10^(-3) in the direction of the
Galactic North Pole centered at 189 degrees right ascension. We observe a
steady increase in the magnitude of the signal over seven years.


title:
Hyperbolic versus parabolic equation with fractional derivative to
  describe subdiffusion in a membrane system

abstract:
  We use the parabolic and hyperbolic equation with fractional time derivative
to describe the subdiffusion in a system with thin membrane. We find the
Green's function and solutions of the equation for the system where the
homogeneous solution is separated by a thin membrane from the pure solvent. The
solutions were obtained for two boundary conditions where the ratio of the
concentrations at the membrane surfaces does not change in time and where the
flux flowing through the membrane is proportional to the concentration
difference between membrane surfaces. We discuss the difference between the
solutions for parabolic and hyperbolic subdiffusion equations obtained for both
boundary conditions.


title:
Strain-Induced Conduction Band Spin Splitting in GaAs from First
  Principles Calculations

abstract:
  We use a recently developed self-consistent GW approximation to present first
principles calculations of the conduction band spin splitting in GaAs under
[110] strain. The spin orbit interaction is taken into account as a
perturbation to the scalar relativistic hamiltonian. These are the first
calculations of conduction band spin splitting under deformation based on a
quasiparticle approach; and because the self-consistent GW scheme accurately
reproduces the relevant band parameters, it is expected to be a reliable
predictor of spin splittings. We also discuss the spin relaxation time under
[110] strain and show that it exhibits an in-plane anisotropy, which can be
exploited to obtain the magnitude and sign of the conduction band spin
splitting experimentally.


title:
Strong asymmetric limit of the quasi-potential of the boundary driven
  weakly asymmetric exclusion process

abstract:
  We consider the weakly asymmetric exclusion process on a bounded interval
with particles reservoirs at the endpoints. The hydrodynamic limit for the
empirical density, obtained in the diffusive scaling, is given by the viscous
Burgers equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions. In the case in which the
bulk asymmetry is in the same direction as the drift due to the boundary
reservoirs, we prove that the quasi-potential can be expressed in terms of the
solution to a one-dimensional boundary value problem which has been introduced
by Enaud and Derrida \cite{de}. We consider the strong asymmetric limit of the
quasi-potential and recover the functional derived by Derrida, Lebowitz, and
Speer \cite{DLS3} for the asymmetric exclusion process.


title: Coherent control of nanomagnet dynamics via ultrafast spin torque pulses

abstract:
  The magnetization orientation of a nanoscale ferromagnet can be manipulated
using an electric current via the spin transfer effect. Time domain
measurements of nanopillar devices at low temperatures have directly shown that
magnetization dynamics and reversal occur coherently over a timescale of
nanoseconds. By adjusting the shape of a spin torque waveform over a timescale
comparable to the free precession period (100-400 ps), control of the
magnetization dynamics in nanopillar devices should be possible. Here we report
coherent control of the free layer magnetization in nanopillar devices using a
pair of current pulses as narrow as 30 ps with adjustable amplitudes and delay.
We show that the switching probability can be tuned over a broad range by
timing the current pulses with the underlying free-precession orbits, and that
the magnetization evolution remains coherent for more than 1 ns even at room
temperature. Furthermore, we can selectively induce transitions along
free-precession orbits and thereby manipulate the free magnetic moment motion.
We expect this technique will be adopted for further elucidating the dynamics
and dissipation processes in nanomagnets, and will provide an alternative for
spin torque driven spintronic devices, such as resonantly pumping microwave
oscillators, and ultimately, for efficient reversal of memory bits in magnetic
random access memory (MRAM).


title:
Transverse momentum dependent parton distributions in a light-cone quark
  model

abstract:
  The leading twist transverse momentum dependent parton distributions (TMDs)
are studied in a light-cone description of the nucleon where the Fock expansion
is truncated to consider only valence quarks. General analytic expressions are
derived in terms of the six amplitudes needed to describe the three-quark
sector of the nucleon light-cone wave function. Numerical calculations for the
T-even TMDs are presented in a light-cone constituent quark model, and the role
of the so-called pretzelosity is investigated to produce a nonspherical shape
of the nucleon.


title:
Liouville-like solutions in dilaton gravity with Gauss-Bonnet
  modifications

abstract:
  We investigate nonperturbative dilatonic solutions of the wide class of the
modified gravity models including the Gauss-Bonnet terms with a general $F(G)$
Lagrangian. We show that presence of the Liouville-like solutions is a
characteristic feature of these models.


title: Fractional dynamic symmetries and the ground state properties of nuclei

abstract:
  Based on the Riemann- and Caputo definition of the fractional derivative we
use the fractional extensions of the standard rotation group SO(3) to construct
a higher dimensional representation of a fractional rotation group with mixed
derivative types. An extended symmetric rotor model is derived, which predicts
the sequence of magic proton and neutron numbers accurately. The ground state
properties of nuclei are correctly reproduced within the framework of this
model.


title:
Two-Loop Fermionic Corrections to Heavy-Quark Pair Production: the
  Quark-Antiquark Channel

abstract:
  We evaluate the fermionic two-loop QCD corrections to the heavy-quark pair
production process in the quark-antiquark channel. We obtain analytic results
which are valid for any value of the Mandelstam invariants s and t, and of the
heavy quark mass m. Our findings confirm previous results for the analytic
evaluation in the small-mass limit and numerical results for the exact
amplitude. We furthermore provide the expansion of the two-loop amplitude at
the production threshold s ~ 4m^2.


title: The Formation and Evolution of Massive Stellar Clusters in IC 4662

abstract:
  We present a multiwavelength study of the formation of massive stellar
clusters, their emergence from cocoons of gas and dust, and their feedback on
surrounding matter. Using data that span from radio to optical wavelengths,
including Spitzer and Hubble ACS observations, we examine the population of
young star clusters in the central starburst region of the irregular Wolf-Rayet
galaxy IC 4662. We model the radio-to-IR spectral energy distributions of
embedded clusters to determine the properties of their HII regions and dust
cocoons (sizes, masses, densities, temperatures), and use near-IR and optical
data with mid-IR spectroscopy to constrain the properties of the embedded
clusters themselves (mass, age, extinction, excitation, abundance). The two
massive star-formation regions in IC 4662 are excited by stellar populations
with ages of ~ 4 million years and masses of ~ 3 x 10^5 M_sun (assuming a
Kroupa IMF). They have high excitation and sub-solar abundances, and they may
actually be comprised of several massive clusters rather than the single
monolithic massive compact objects known as Super Star Clusters (SSCs). Mid-IR
spectra reveal that these clusters have very high extinctions, A_V ~ 20-25 mag,
and that the dust in IC 4662 is well-mixed with the emitting gas, not in a
foreground screen.


title: Far-infrared probe of superconductivity in SmO$_{1-x}$F$_{x}$FeAs}

abstract:
  We report far-infrared reflectance measurements on polycrystalline
superconducting samples of SmO$_{1-x}$F$_{x}$FeAs ($x$ = 0.12, 0.15 and 0.2).
We clearly observe superconductivity induced changes of reflectivity in a broad
range of energies, which resembles earlier optical measurements on high $T_{c}$
cuprates. The superconducting-to-normal reflectivity ratio $R_{s}/R_{n}$ grows
for the photon energies below 18 meV and shows a complicated structure due to
the presence of a strong infrared-active phonon at about 10 meV.


title:
Random ideal triangulations and the Weil-Petersson distance between
  finite degree covers of punctured Riemann surfaces

abstract:
  We prove that any two finite-area non-compact hyperbolic Riemann surfaces S
and T have finite covers that are arbitrarily close in the normalized
Weil-Petersson metric, where we normalize by dividing the square of the metric
by the area of the surface. In the case where T is the modular surface this
reduces to showing that S has a finite cover with a proper ideal triangulation
where most of the shear coordinates are small; we will construct such a cover
out of a random collection of immersed ideal triangles in S.


title: Universality in movie rating distributions

abstract:
  In this paper histograms of user ratings for movies (1,...,10) are analysed.
The evolving stabilised shapes of histograms follow the rule that all are
either double- or triple-peaked. Moreover, at most one peak can be on the
central bins 2,...,9 and the distribution in these bins looks smooth
`Gaussian-like' while changes at the extremes (1 and 10) often look abrupt. It
is shown that this is well approximated under the assumption that histograms
are confined and discretised probability density functions of L\'evy skew
alpha-stable distributions. These distributions are the only stable
distributions which could emerge due to a generalized central limit theorem
from averaging of various independent random avriables as which one can see the
initial opinions of users. Averaging is also an appropriate assumption about
the social process which underlies the process of continuous opinion formation.
Surprisingly, not the normal distribution achieves the best fit over histograms
obseved on the web, but distributions with fat tails which decay as power-laws
with exponent -(1+alpha) (alpha=4/3). The scale and skewness parameters of the
Levy skew alpha-stable distributions seem to depend on the deviation from an
average movie (with mean about 7.6). The histogram of such an average movie has
no skewness and is the most narrow one. If a movie deviates from average the
distribution gets broader and skew. The skewness pronounces the deviation. This
is used to construct a one parameter fit which gives some evidence of
universality in processes of continuous opinion dynamics about taste.


title:
Non-thermal emission from massive YSOs. Exploring the spectrum at high
  energies

abstract:
  Thermal radio and X-ray emission has been traditionally associated with the
formation of stars. However, in recent years, non-thermal radiation from
massive star forming regions has been detected.
  Synchrotron radio emission and non-thermal X-rays from the outflows of
massive young stellar objects (YSOs) provide evidence of the presence of
relativistic particles in these sources.
  In YSOs, the acceleration of particles is likely produced where the thermal
jet impacts on the surrounding medium and a shock wave is formed. Thus,
particles might be accelerated up to relativistic energies through a Fermi-I
type mechanism.
  Relativistic electrons and protons can interact with thermal particles and
photons, producing then gamma-rays. These energetic photons could be detected
by the new generation of instruments, making massive YSOs a new population of
gamma-ray surces.
  In the present contribution we briefly describe some massive star forming
regions from which non-thermal radio emission has been detected.
  In addition, we present a general model for high-energy radiation from the
massive YSOs embedded in these regions. We take into account both leptonic and
hadronic interactions of particles accelerated at the termination points of the
collimated outflows ejected from the protostar.


title:
Continuum discretization methods in a composite-particle scattering off
  a nucleus: the benchmark calculations

abstract:
  The direct comparison of two different continuum discretization methods
towards the solution of a composite particle scattering off a nucleus is
presented. The first approach -- the Continumm-Discretized Coupled Channel
method -- is based on the differential equation formalism, while the second one
-- the Wave-Packet Continuum Discretization method -- uses the integral
equation formulation for the composite-particle scattering problem. As
benchmark calculations we have chosen the deuteron off \nuc{58}{Ni} target
scattering (as a realistic illustrative example) at three different incident
energies: high, middle and low. Clear non-vanishing effects of closed inelastic
channels at small and intermediate energies are established. The elastic cross
sections found in both approaches are very close to each other for all three
considered energies.


title: Dynamics and Steady States in excitable mobile agent systems

abstract:
  We study the spreading of excitations in 2D systems of mobile agents where
the excitation is transmitted when a quiescent agent keeps contact with an
excited one during a non-vanishing time. We show that the steady states
strongly depend on the spatial agent dynamics. Moreover, the coupling between
exposition time ($\omega$) and agent-agent contact rate (CR) becomes crucial to
understand the excitation dynamics, which exhibits three regimes with CR: no
excitation for low CR, an excited regime in which the number of quiescent
agents (S) is inversely proportional to CR, and for high CR, a novel third
regime, model dependent, here S scales with an exponent $\xi -1$, with $\xi$
being the scaling exponent of $\omega$ with CR.


title: Pair creation in non-extremal fuzzball geometries

abstract:
  It is possible to construct a special family of nonextremal black hole
microstates. These microstates are unstable, and emit radiation at a rate which
is found to exactly equal the Hawking radiation rate predicted for them by the
dual CFT. In this paper we analyze in more detail the nature of the radiation
created by these unstable modes. The energy and angular momentum of the mode is
found to be localized in two regions: one near infinity corresponding to the
emitted quanta, and the other in the ergoregion which is deep inside the
interior of the geometry. The energy and angular momenta are equal and opposite
for these two contributions, as expected for emission from ergoregions. We
conjecture that more general nonextremal microstates will possess ergoregions
(with no axial symmetry), and radiation from these regions can be part of the
general Hawking emission for the microstates.


title: Generating Geodesic Flows and Supergravity Solutions

abstract:
  We consider the geodesic motion on the symmetric moduli spaces that arise
after timelike and spacelike reductions of supergravity theories. The geodesics
correspond to timelike respectively spacelike $p$-brane solutions when they are
lifted over a $p$-dimensional flat space. In particular, we consider the
problem of constructing \emph{the minimal generating solution}: A geodesic with
the minimal number of free parameters such that all other geodesics are
generated through isometries. We give an intrinsic characterization of this
solution in a wide class of orbits for various supergravities in different
dimensions. We apply our method to three cases: (i) Einstein vacuum solutions,
(ii) extreme and non-extreme D=4 black holes in N=8 supergravity and their
relation to N=2 STU black holes and (iii) Euclidean wormholes in $D\geq 3$. In
case (iii) we present an easy and general criterium for the existence of
regular wormholes for a given scalar coset.


title: On a Possibility to Measure Thermoelectric Power in SNS Structures

abstract:
  Two dissimilar Josephson junctions, which are connected to a heater can act
as precise batteries. Because of the difference in thermoelectric power of
these batteries, circuit with two dissimilar batteries, under heat flow $\Delta
T\sim 10^{-5}K$ would have a net EMF $10^{-11} V$ around the zero-resistance
loop leading to a loop's magnetic flux oscillating in time. It is shown its
theoretical value is proportional to both the temperature difference as well as
the disparity in the thermoelectric powers of the two junctions.


title: Continuing Progress on a Lattice QCD Software Infrastructure

abstract:
  We report on the progress of the software effort in the QCD Application Area
of SciDAC. In particular, we discuss how the software developed under SciDAC
enabled the aggressive exploitation of leadership computers, and we report on
progress in the area of QCD software for multi-core architectures.


title: Local Bootstrap Percolation

abstract:
  We study a variant of bootstrap percolation in which growth is restricted to
a single active cluster. Initially there is a single active site at the origin,
while other sites of Z^2 are independently occupied with small probability p,
otherwise empty. Subsequently, an empty site becomes active by contact with 2
or more active neighbors, and an occupied site becomes active if it has an
active site within distance 2. We prove that the entire lattice becomes active
with probability exp[alpha(p)/p], where alpha(p) is between -pi^2/9 + c sqrt p
and pi^2/9 + C sqrt p (-log p)^3. This corrects previous numerical predictions
for the scaling of the correction term.


title:
Phase Transitions of Charged Kerr-AdS Black Holes from Large-N Gauge
  Theories

abstract:
  We study N =4 super Yang-Mills theories on a three sphere with two kinds of
chemical potentials. One is associated with the R-symmetry and the other with
the rotational symmetry of S^3 (SO(4) symmetry). These correspond to the
charged Kerr-AdS black holes via AdS/CFT. The exact partition functions at zero
coupling are computed and the thermodynamical properties are studied. We find a
nontrivial gap between the confinement/deconfinement transition line and the
boundary of the phase diagram when we include more than four chemical
potentials. In the dual gravity, we find such a gap in the phase diagram to
study the thermodynamics of the charged Kerr-AdS black hole. This shows that
the qualitative phase structures agree between the both sides. We also find
that the ratio of the thermodynamical quantities is almost well-known factor
3/4 even at the low temperature.


title:
Erdelyi-Kober integrals on the cone of positive definite matrices and
  Radon transforms on Grassmann manifolds

abstract:
  We introduce bi-parametric fractional integrals of the Erdelyi-Kober type
that generalize known Garding-Gindikin constructions associated to the cone of
positive definite matrices. It is proved that the Radon transform, which maps a
zonal function on the Grassmann manifold $G_{n,m}$ of $m$-dimensional linear
subspaces of $R^n$ into a function on the similar manifold $G_{n,k}$, $ 1\leq
m<k \leq n-1$, is represented as analytic continuation of the corresponding
Erdelyi-Kober integral. This result shows that different Grinberg-Rubin's
formulas for such transforms [GR] have, in fact, a common structure.


title: Resource Letter BH-2: Black Holes

abstract:
  This resource letter is designed to guide students, educators, and
researchers through (some of) the literature on black holes. Both the physics
and astrophysics of black holes are discussed. Breadth has been emphasized over
depth, and review articles over primary sources. We include resources ranging
from non-technical discussions appropriate for broad audiences to technical
reviews of current research. Topics addressed include classification of
stationary solutions, perturbations and stability of black holes, numerical
simulations, collisions, the production of gravity waves, black hole
thermodynamics and Hawking radiation, quantum treatments of black holes, black
holes in both higher and lower dimensions, and connections to nuclear and
condensed matter physics. On the astronomical end, we also cover the physics of
gas accretion onto black holes, relativistic jets, gravitationally red-shifted
emission lines, evidence for stellar-mass black holes in binary systems and
super-massive black holes at the centers of galaxies, the quest for
intermediate mass black holes, the assembly and merging history of
super-massive black holes through cosmic time, and their affects on the
evolution of galaxies.


title: Bounds for codes and designs in complex subspaces

abstract:
  We introduce the concepts of complex Grassmannian codes and designs. Let
G(m,n) denote the set of m-dimensional subspaces of C^n: then a code is a
finite subset of G(m,n) in which few distances occur, while a design is a
finite subset of G(m,n) that polynomially approximates the entire set. Using
Delsarte's linear programming techniques, we find upper bounds for the size of
a code and lower bounds for the size of a design, and we show that association
schemes can occur when the bounds are tight. These results are motivated by the
bounds for real subspaces recently found by Bachoc, Coulangeon and Nebe, and
the bounds generalize those of Delsarte, Goethals and Seidel for codes and
designs on the complex unit sphere.


title: IRAS04325+2402C: A very low mass object with an edge-on disk

abstract:
  IRAS04325+2402C is a low luminosity object located near a protostar in
Taurus. We present new spatially-resolved mm observations, near-infrared
spectroscopy, and Spitzer photometry that improve the constraints on the nature
of this source. The object is clearly detected in our 1.3 mm interferometry
map, allowing us to estimate the mass in a localized disk+envelope around it to
be in the range of 0.001 to 0.01Ms. Thus IRAS04325C is unlikely to accrete
significantly more mass. The near-infrared spectrum cannot be explained with an
extincted photosphere alone, but is consistent with a 0.03-0.1Ms central source
plus moderate veiling, seen in scattered light, confirming the edge-on nature
of the disk. Based on K-band flux and spectral slope we conclude that a central
object mass >~0.1Ms is unlikely. Our comparison of the full spectral energy
distribution, including new Spitzer photometry, with radiative transfer models
confirms the high inclination of the disk (>~80deg), the very low mass of the
central source, and the small amount of circumstellar material. IRAS04325C is
one of the lowest mass objects with a resolved edge-on disk known to date,
possibly a young brown dwarf, and a likely wide companion to a more massive
star. With these combined properties, it represents a unique case to study the
formation and early evolution of very low mass objects.


title: Evidence of Klein tunneling in graphene p-n junctions

abstract:
  Transport through potential barriers in graphene is investigated using a set
of metallic gates capacitively coupled to graphene to modulate the potential
landscape. When a gate-induced potential step is steep enough, disorder becomes
less important and the resistance across the step is in quantitative agreement
with predictions of Klein tunneling of Dirac fermions up to a small correction.
We also perform magnetoresistance measurements at low magnetic fields and
compare them to recent predictions.


title:
Revealing the properties of dark matter in the merging cluster
  MACSJ0025.4-1222

abstract:
  We constrain the physical nature of dark matter using the newly identified
massive merging galaxy cluster MACSJ0025.4-1222. As was previously shown by the
example of the Bullet Cluster (1E0657-56), such systems are ideal laboratories
for detecting isolated dark matter, and distinguishing between cold dark matter
(CDM) and other scenarios (e.g. self-interacting dark matter, alternative
gravity theories). MACSJ0025.4-1222 consists of two merging subclusters of
similar richness at z=0.586. We measure the distribution of X-ray emitting gas
from Chandra X-ray data and find it to be clearly displaced from the
distribution of galaxies. A strong (information from highly distorted arcs) and
weak (using weakly distorted background galaxies) gravitational lensing
analysis based on Hubble Space Telescope observations and Keck arc spectroscopy
confirms that the subclusters have near-equal mass. The total mass distribution
in each of the subclusters is clearly offset (at >4sigma significance) from the
peak of the hot X-ray emitting gas (the main baryonic component), but aligned
with the distribution of galaxies. We measure the fractions of mass in hot gas
(0.09^{+0.07}_{-0.03}) and stars (0.010^{+0.007}_{-0.004}), consistent with
those of typical clusters, finding that dark matter is the dominant contributor
to the gravitational field. Under the assumption that the subclusters
experienced a head-on collision in the plane of the sky, we obtain an
order-of-magnitude estimate of the dark matter self-interaction cross-section
of sigma/m < 4cm^2/g, re-affirming the results from the Bullet Cluster on the
collisionless nature of dark matter.


title:
A direct transition between a Neel ordered Mott insulator and a
  $d_{x^2-y^2}$ superconductor on the square lattice

abstract:
  In this paper we study a bandwidth-controlled direct, continuous, phase
transition from a Mott insulator, with easy plane Neel order, to a fully gapped
$d_{x^2-y^2}$ superconductor with a doubled unit cell on the square lattice, a
transition that is forbidden according to the Landau paradigm. This transition
is made possible because the vortices of the antiferromagnet are charged and
the vortices of the superconductor carry spins. These nontrivial vortex quantum
numbers arise because the ordered phases are intimately related to a
topological band insulator. We describe the lattice model as well as the
effective field theory.


title:
Excitations of the One Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensates in a Random
  Potential

abstract:
  We examine bosons hopping on a one-dimensional lattice in the presence of a
random potential at zero temperature. Bogoliubov excitations of the
Bose-Einstein condensate formed under such conditions are localized, with the
localization length diverging at low frequency as $\ell(\omega)\sim
1/\omega^\alpha$. We show that the well known result $\alpha=2$ applies only
for sufficiently weak random potential. As the random potential is increased
beyond a certain strength, $\alpha$ starts decreasing. At a critical strength
of the potential, when the system of bosons is at the transition from a
superfluid to an insulator, $\alpha=1$. This result is relevant for
understanding the behavior of the atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in the
presence of random potential, and of the disordered Josephson junction arrays.


title:
Fluctuation-Driven Vortex Fractionalization in Topologically Ordered
  Superfluids of Cold Atoms

abstract:
  We have studied spin structures of fluctuation-driven fractionalized vortices
and topological spin order in 2D nematic superfluids of cold sodium atoms. Our
Monte Carlo simulations suggest a softened pi-spin disclination structure in a
half-quantum vortex when spin correlations are short ranged; in addition,
calculations indicate that a unique non-local topological spin order emerges
simultaneously as cold atoms become a superfluid below a critical temperature.
We have also estimated fluctuation-dependent critical frequencies for
half-quantum vortex nucleation in rotating optical traps and discussed probing
these excitations in experiments.


title:
A method to study ageing of polydomain ferroelectrics using measurements
  of nonlinear permittivity

abstract:
  It is known that the permittivity of the ferroelectric films is affected by
several phenomena, which deteriorate the material quality (e.g. the
redistribution of the crystal lattice defects, appearance of the
electrode-adjacent non-ferroelectric layers or the spontaneous polarization
screening due to a free charge injection across the electrode-adjacent layer,
etc.). It is also known that the permittivity of ferroelectric polydomain films
is controlled by the sum of two contributions: the crystal lattice (intrinsic)
contribution and the domain wall movement (extrinsic) contribution. It is the
latter one, which is very sensitive to the aforementioned phenomena and which
plays a key role in the deterioration of the dielectric response of the
ferroelectric polydomain films. In this Article, there is presented a method
for the identification of the process, which is responsible for the
ferroelectric ageing. The method is based on the analysis of the evolution of
both the linear and nonlinear permittivity during ageing. Applicability of the
method is theoretically demonstrated on four ageing scenarios in two
qualitatively different systems where the evolution of the nonlinear
permittivity is controlled, first, by a redistribution of the pinning centers
on the domain wall and, second, by microstructural changes at the interface
between the ferroelectric layer and the electrode. It is shown that each ageing
scenario is characterized by unique trend in the evolution between the linear
and nonlinear part of the permittivity, which can be verified experimentally.


title:
Dissipation and Extra Light in Galactic Nuclei: III. 'Core' Ellipticals
  and 'Missing' Light

abstract:
  We investigate how 'extra' central light in the surface brightness profiles
of cusp ellipticals relates to the profiles of ellipticals with cores. Cusp
elliptical envelopes are formed by violent relaxation in mergers acting on
stars in progenitor disks, while their centers are structured by dissipational
starbursts. Core ellipticals are formed by subsequent merging of (now gas-poor)
cusp ellipticals, with the fossil starburst components combining to preserve a
compact component in the remnant (although the 'transition' is smoothed).
Comparing hydrodynamical simulations and observed profiles, we show how to
observationally isolate the relic starburst components in core ellipticals. We
demonstrate that these survive re-mergers and reliably trace the dissipation in
the initial gas-rich merger(s). The typical degree of dissipation is a strong
function of stellar mass, tracing observed disk gas fractions. We find a
correlation between dissipation and effective radius: systems with more
dissipation are more compact. The survival of this component and scattering of
stars into the envelope naturally explain high-Sersic index profiles
characteristic of massive core ellipticals. This is also closely related to the
kinematics and isophotal shapes: only systems with matched starburst components
from their profile fits also reproduce the observed kinematics of boxy/core
ellipticals. We show that it is critical to adopt physically motivated profiles
when attempting to quantify how much mass has been 'scoured' or scattered out
of the inner regions by binary black holes. Estimates of scoured mass ignoring
multi-component structure can be strongly biased, potentially explaining
observed systems with large inferred core masses in apparent conflict with
core-scouring models.


title: Special points of the Brownian net

abstract:
  The Brownian net, which has recently been introduced by Sun and Swart [SS08],
and independently by Newman, Ravishankar and Schertzer [NRS08], generalizes the
Brownian web by allowing branching. In this paper, we study the structure of
the Brownian net in more detail. In particular, we give an almost sure
classification of each point in $R^2$ according to the configuration of the
Brownian net paths entering and leaving the point. Along the way, we establish
various other structural properties of the Brownian net.


title: Lifetimes of tidally limited star clusters with different radii

abstract:
  We study the escape rate, dN/dt, from clusters with different radii in a
tidal field using analytical predictions and direct N-body simulations. We find
that dN/dt depends on the ratio R=r_h/r_j, where r_h is the half-mass radius
and r_j the radius of the zero-velocity surface. For R>0.05, the "tidal
regime", there is almost no dependence of dN/dt on R. To first order this is
because the fraction of escapers per relaxation time, t_rh, scales
approximately as R^1.5, which cancels out the r_h^1.5 term in t_rh. For R<0.05,
the "isolated regime", dN/dt scales as R^-1.5. Clusters that start with their
initial R, Ri, in the tidal regime dissolve completely in this regime and their
t_dis is insensitive to the initial r_h. We predicts that clusters that start
with Ri<0.05 always expand to the tidal regime before final dissolution. Their
t_dis has a shallower dependence on Ri than what would be expected when t_dis
is a constant times t_rh. For realistic values of Ri, the lifetime varies by
less than a factor of 1.5 due to changes in Ri. This implies that the
"survival" diagram for globular clusters should allow for more small clusters
to survive. We note that with our result it is impossible to explain the
universal peaked mass function of globular cluster systems by dynamical
evolution from a power-law initial mass function, since the peak will be at
lower masses in the outer parts of galaxies. Our results finally show that in
the tidal regime t_dis scales as N^0.65/w, with w the angular frequency of the
cluster in the host galaxy. [ABRIDGED]


title: Oddness from Rigidness

abstract:
  We revisit the problem of constructing type IIA orientifolds on T^6/(Z2 x Z2)
which admit (non)-factorisable lattices. More concretely, we consider a (Z2 x
Z2') orientifold with torsion, where D6-branes wrap rigid 3-cycles. We derive
the model building rules and consistency conditions in the case where the
compactification lattice is non-factorisable. We show that in this class of
configurations, (semi) realistic models with an odd number of families can be
easily constructed, in contrast to compactifications where the D6-branes wrap
non-rigid cycles. We also show that an odd number of families can be obtained
in the factorisable case, without the need of tilted tori. We illustrate the
discussion by presenting three family Pati-Salam models with no chiral exotics
in both factorisable and non-factorisable toroidal compactifications.


title:
On geometric complexity of earthquake focal zone and fault system: A
  statistical study

abstract:
  We discuss various methods used to investigate the geometric complexity of
earthquakes and earthquake faults, based both on a point-source representation
and the study of interrelations between earthquake focal mechanisms. We briefly
review the seismic moment tensor formalism and discuss in some detail the
representation of double-couple (DC) earthquake sources by normalized
quaternions. Non-DC earthquake sources like the CLVD focal mechanism are also
considered. We obtain the characterization of the earthquake complex source
caused by summation of disoriented DC sources. We show that commonly defined
geometrical fault barriers correspond to the sources without any CLVD
component. We analyze the CMT global earthquake catalog to examine whether the
focal mechanism distribution suggests that the CLVD component is likely to be
zero in tectonic earthquakes. Although some indications support this
conjecture, we need more extensive and significantly more accurate data to
answer this question fully.


title:
Moduli Stabilization and Supersymmetry Breaking in Deflected Mirage
  Mediation

abstract:
  We present a model of supersymmetry breaking in which the contributions from
gravity/modulus, anomaly, and gauge mediation are all comparable. We term this
scenario "deflected mirage mediation," which is a generalization of the
KKLT-motivated mirage mediation scenario to include gauge mediated
contributions. These contributions deflect the gaugino mass unification scale
and alter the pattern of soft parameters at low energies. In some cases, this
results in a gluino LSP and light stops; in other regions of parameter space,
the LSP can be a well-tempered neutralino. We demonstrate explicitly that
competitive gauge-mediated terms can naturally appear within phenomenological
models based on the KKLT setup by addressing the stabilization of the gauge
singlet field which is responsible for the masses of the messenger fields. For
viable stabilization mechanisms, the relation between the gauge and anomaly
contributions is identical in most cases to that of deflected anomaly
mediation, despite the presence of the Kahler modulus. Turning to TeV scale
phenomenology, we analyze the renormalization group evolution of the
supersymmetry breaking terms and the resulting low energy mass spectra. The
approach sets the stage for studies of such mixed scenarios of supersymmetry
breaking at the LHC.


title: Optimal Control of Evolutionary Dynamics

abstract:
  Elucidating the fitness measures optimized during the evolution of complex
biological systems is a major challenge in evolutionary theory. We present
experimental evidence and an analytical framework demonstrating how biochemical
networks exploit optimal control strategies in their evolutionary dynamics.
Optimal control theory explains a striking pattern of extremization in the
redox potentials of electron transport proteins, assuming only that their
fitness measure is a control objective functional with bounded controls.


title: Triangulation of Simple 3D Shapes with Well-Centered Tetrahedra

abstract:
  A completely well-centered tetrahedral mesh is a triangulation of a three
dimensional domain in which every tetrahedron and every triangle contains its
circumcenter in its interior. Such meshes have applications in scientific
computing and other fields. We show how to triangulate simple domains using
completely well-centered tetrahedra. The domains we consider here are space,
infinite slab, infinite rectangular prism, cube and regular tetrahedron. We
also demonstrate single tetrahedra with various combinations of the properties
of dihedral acuteness, 2-well-centeredness and 3-well-centeredness.


title: Studying the Sources of Cosmic Reionization with 21-cm Fluctuations

abstract:
  We explore the ability of measurements of the 21-cm power spectrum during
reionization to enable the simultaneous reconstruction of the reionization
history and the properties of the ionizing sources. For various sets of
simulated 21-cm measurements, we perform maximum likelihood fits in order to
constrain the reionization and galaxy formation histories. We employ a flexible
six-parameter model that parametrizes the uncertainties in the properties of
high-redshift galaxies. The computational speed needed is attained through the
use of an analytical model that is in reasonable agreement with numerical
simulations of reionization. We find that one-year observations with the MWA
array should measure the cosmic ionized fraction to ~ 1% accuracy at the very
end of reionization, and a few percent accuracy around the mid-point of
reionization. The mean halo mass of the ionizing sources should be measureble
to 10% accuracy when reionization is 2/3 of the way through, and to 20%
accuracy throughout the central stage of reionization, if this mass is anywhere
in the range 1/3 to 100 billion solar masses.


title: Multi-Point Propagators in Cosmological Gravitational Instability

abstract:
  We introduce the concept of multi-point propagators between linear cosmic
fields and their nonlinear counterparts in the context of cosmological
perturbation theory. Such functions express how a non-linearly evolved Fourier
mode depends on the full ensemble of modes in the initial density field. We
identify and resum the dominant diagrams in the large-$k$ limit, showing
explicitly that multi-point propagators decay into the nonlinear regime at the
same rate as the two-point propagator. These analytic results generalize the
large-$k$ limit behavior of the two-point propagator to arbitrary order. We
measure the three-point propagator as a function of triangle shape in numerical
simulations and confirm the results of our high-$k$ resummation. We show that
any $n-$point spectrum can be reconstructed from multi-point propagators, which
leads to a physical connection between nonlinear corrections to the power
spectrum at small scales and higher-order correlations at large scales. As a
first application of these results, we calculate the reduced bispectrum at
one-loop in renormalized perturbation theory and show that we can predict the
decrease in its dependence on triangle shape at redshift zero, when standard
perturbation theory is least successful.


title:
Dissipation-driven quantum phase transition in superconductor-graphene
  systems

abstract:
  We show that a system of Josephson junctions coupled via low-resistance
tunneling contacts to graphene substrate(s) may effectively operate as a
current switching device. The effect is based on the dissipation-driven
superconductor-to-insulator quantum phase transition, which happens due to the
interplay of the Josephson effect and Coulomb blockade. Coupling to a graphene
substrate with gapless excitations further enhances charge fluctuations
favoring superconductivity. The effect is shown to scale exponentially with the
Fermi energy in graphene, which can be controlled by the gate voltage. We
develop a theory, which quantitatively describes the quantum phase transition
in a two-dimensional Josephson junction array, but it is expected to provide a
reliable qualitative description for one-dimensional systems as well. We argue
that the local effect of dissipation-induced enhancement of superconductivity
is very robust and a similar sharp crossover should be present in finite
Josephson junction chains.


title:
Trigonometric Parallaxes for Two Late-Type Subdwarfs: LSR1425+71
  (sdM8.0) and the Binary LSR1610-00 (sd?M6pec)

abstract:
  Trigonometric parallax astrometry and BVI photometry are presented for two
late-type subdwarf candidates, LSR1425+71 (sdM8.0) and LSR1610-00 (sd?M6pec).
For the former we measure an absolute parallax of 13.37+/-0.51 mas yielding
Mv=15.25+/-0.09. The astrometry for LSR1610-00 shows that this object is an
astrometric binary with a period of 1.66+/-0.01 yr. The photocentric orbit is
derived from the data; it has a moderate eccentricity (e ~ 0.44+/-0.02) and a
semi-major axis of 0.28+/-0.01 AU based on our measured absolute parallax of
31.02+/-0.26 mas. Our radial velocity measure of -108.1+/-1.6 km/s for
LSR1610-00 at epoch 2006.179, when coupled with the observation of -95+/-1 km/s
at epoch 2005.167 by Reiners & Basri, indicates a systemic radial velocity of
-101+/-1 km/s for the LSR1610-00AB pair. The galactic velocity components for
LSR1425+71 and LSR1610-00AB -- (U,V,W)=(84+/-6, -202+/-13, 66+/-14) km/s and
(U,V,W)=(36+/-2, -232+/-2, -61+/-2) km/s, respectively. For both stars, the
velocities are characteristic of halo population kinematics. However, modeling
shows that both stars have orbits around the galaxy with high eccentricity that
pass remarkably close to the galactic center. LSR1425+71 has a luminosity and
colors consistent with its metal-poor subdwarf spectral classification, while
LSR1610-00 has a luminosity and most colors indicative of being only mildly
metal-poor, plus a uniquely red B-V color. The companion to LSR1610-00 must be
a low-mass, substellar brown dwarf. We speculate on the paradoxical nature of
LSR1610-00 and possible sources of its peculiarities.


title: Wall Crossing, Discrete Attractor Flow and Borcherds Algebra

abstract:
  The appearance of a generalized (or Borcherds-) Kac-Moody algebra in the
spectrum of BPS dyons in N=4, d=4 string theory is elucidated. From the
low-energy supergravity analysis, we identify its root lattice as the lattice
of the T-duality invariants of the dyonic charges, the symmetry group of the
root system as the extended S-duality group PGL(2,Z) of the theory, and the
walls of Weyl chambers as the walls of marginal stability for the relevant
two-centered solutions. This leads to an interpretation for the Weyl group as
the group of wall-crossing, or the group of discrete attractor flows.
Furthermore we propose an equivalence between a "second-quantized multiplicity"
of a charge- and moduli-dependent highest weight vector and the dyon
degeneracy, and show that the wall-crossing formula following from our proposal
agrees with the wall-crossing formula obtained from the supergravity analysis.
This can be thought of as providing a microscopic derivation of the
wall-crossing formula of this theory.


title: Background Modeling in New Physics Searches Using Forward Events at LHC

abstract:
  We present a method to measure dominant Standard Model backgrounds using data
containing high rapidity objects in pp collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.
The method is developed for analyses of early LHC data when robustness against
imperfections of background modeling and detector simulation can be a key to
the discovery of new physics at LHC.


title: Rapid factorization of structured matrices via randomized sampling

abstract:
  Randomized sampling has recently been demonstrated to be an efficient
technique for computing approximate low-rank factorizations of matrices for
which fast methods for computing matrix vector products are available. This
paper describes an extension of such techniques to a wider class of matrices
that are not themselves rank-deficient, but have off-diagonal blocks that are.
Such matrices arise frequently in numerical analysis and signal processing, and
there exist several methods for rapidly performing algebraic operations
(matrix-vector multiplications, matrix factorizations, matrix inversion,
\textit{etc}) on them once low-rank approximations to all off-diagonal blocks
have been constructed. The paper demonstrates that if such a matrix can be
applied to a vector in O(N) time, where the matrix is of size $N\times N$, and
if individual entries of the matrix can be computed rapidly, then in many
cases, the task of constructing approximate low-rank factorizations for all
off-diagonal blocks can be performed in $O(N k^{2})$ time, where $k$ is an
upper bound for the numerical rank of the off-diagonal blocks.


title:
Pre-reionization Fossils, Ultra-faint Dwarfs and the Missing Galactic
  Satellite Problem

abstract:
  We argue that, at least a fraction of the newly discovered population of
ultra-faint dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the Local Group constitute the fossil
relic of a once ubiquitous population of dwarf galaxies formed before
reionization with circular velocities smaller than $v_{c}^{cr} \sim 20$ km/s.
We present several arguments in support of this model. The number of luminous
Milky Way satellites inferred from observations is larger than the estimated
number of dark halos in the Galaxy that have, or had in the past, circular
velocity $>v_{c}^{cr}$, as predicted by the "Via Lactea" simulation. This
implies that some ultra-faint dwarfs are fossils. However, this argument is
weakened by recent results from the "Aquarius" simulations showing that the
number of Galactic dark matter satellites is 2.5 larger than previously
believed. Secondly, the existence of a population of ultra-faint dwarfs was
predicted by cosmological simulations in which star formation in the first
minihalos is reduced -- but not suppressed -- by radiative feedback. Here, we
show the statistical properties of the fossil galaxies in those simulations are
consistent with observations of the new dwarf population and with the number
and radial distribution of Milky Way satellites as a function of their
luminosity. Finally, the observed Galactocentric distribution of dwarfs is
consistent with a fraction of dSphs being fossils. To make our case more
compelling, future work should determine whether stellar chemical abundances of
simulated "fossils" can reproduce observations and whether the tidal scenarios
for the formation of Local Group dwarf spheroidals are equally consistent with
all available observations.


title:
Structure from Fleeting Illumination of Faint Spinning Objects in Flight
  with Application to Single Molecules

abstract:
  There are many instances when the structure of a weakly-scattering spinning
object in flight must be determined to high resolution. Examples range from
comets to nanoparticles and single molecules. The latter two instances are the
subject of intense current interest. Substantial progress has recently been
made in illuminating spinning single particles in flight with powerful X-ray
bursts to determine their structure with the ultimate goal of determining the
structure of single molecules. However, proposals to reconstruct the molecular
structure from diffraction "snapshots" of unknown orientation require ~1000x
more signal than available from next-generation sources. Using a new approach,
we demonstrate the recovery of the structure of a weakly scattering
macromolecule at the anticipated next-generation X-ray source intensities. Our
work closes a critical gap in determining the structure of single molecules and
nanoparticles by X-ray methods, and opens the way to reconstructing the
structure of spinning, or randomly-oriented objects at extremely low signal
levels. Other potential applications include low-dose electron microscopy,
ultra-low-signal tomography of non-stationary objects without orientational
information, and the study of heavenly bodies.


title:
Stability of geometrically frustrated magnetic state of Ca3CoRhO6 to
  applications of positive and negative pressure

abstract:
  The influence of negative chemical pressure induced by gradual replacement of
Ca by Sr as well as of external pressure (up to 10 kbar) on the magnetism of
Ca3CoRhO6 has been investigated by magnetization studies. It is found that the
solid solution, Ca(3-x)Sr(x)CoRhO6, exists at least till about x= 1.0 without
any change in the crystal structure. Apart from insensitivity of the spin-chain
feature to volume expansion, the characteristic features of geometrical
frustration interestingly appear at the same temperatures for all compositions,
in sharp contrast to the response to Y substitution for Ca (reported
previously). Interestingly, huge frequency dependence of ac susceptibility
known for the parent compound persists for all compositions. We do not find a
change in the properties under external pressure. The stability of the magnetic
anomalies of this compound to the volume change (about 4%) is puzzling.


title: Spitzer 24 micron detections of starburst galaxies in Abell 851

abstract:
  Spitzer-MIPS 24 micron and ground-based observations of the rich galaxy
cluster Abell 851 at z=0.41 are used to derive star formation rates from the
mid-IR 24 micron and from [O II] 3727 emission. Many cluster galaxies have
SFR(24 um)/SFR([O II]) >> 1, indicative of star formation highly obscured by
dust. We focus on the substantial minority of A851 cluster members where strong
Balmer absorption points to a starburst on a 10^{8-9} year timescale. As is
typical, A851 galaxies with strong Balmer absorption occur in two types: with
optical emission (starforming), and without (post-starburst). Our principal
result is the former, so-called e(a) galaxies, are mostly detected (9 out of
12) at 24 um -- for these we find typically SFR(24 um)/SFR([O II]) ~ 4. Strong
Balmer absorption and high values of SFR(24 um)/SFR([O II]) both indicate
moderately active starbursts and support the picture that e(a) galaxies are the
active starbursts that feed the post-starburst population. While 24 um
detections are frequent with Balmer-strong objects (even 6 out of 18 of the
supposedly "post-starburst'' galaxies are detected) only 2 out of 7 of the
continuously starforming `e(c)' galaxies (with weak Balmer absorption) are
detected -- for them, SFR(24 um)/SFR([O II]) ~ 1. Their optical spectra
resemble present-epoch spirals that dominate today's universe; we strengthen
this association by that SFR(24 um)/SFR([O II]) ~ 1 is the norm today. That is,
not just the amount of star formation, but its mode, has evolved strongly from
z ~ 0.4 to the present. By fitting spectrophotometric models we measure the
strength and duration of the bursts to quantify the evolutionary sequence from
active- to post-starburst, and to harden the evidence that moderately active
starbursts are the defining feature of starforming cluster galaxies at z ~ 0.4.


title: Measurement of the eta'-meson mass using J/psi--> gamma eta'

abstract:
  We measure the mass of the eta' meson using psi(2S)--> pi+ pi- J/psi,
J/psi--> gamma eta' events acquired with the CLEO-c detector operating at the
CESR e+e- collider. Using three decay modes, eta'--> rho0 gamma, eta'--> pi+
pi- eta with eta--> gamma gamma, and eta'--> pi+ pi- eta with eta--> pi+ pi-
pi0, we find M(eta') = 957.793 +- 0.054 +- 0.036 MeV, in which the first
uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This result is
consistent with but substantially more precise than the current world average.


title:
Delay Analysis for Max Weight Opportunistic Scheduling in Wireless
  Systems

abstract:
  We consider the delay properties of max-weight opportunistic scheduling in a
multi-user ON/OFF wireless system, such as a multi-user downlink or uplink. It
is well known that max-weight scheduling stabilizes the network (and hence
yields maximum throughput) whenever input rates are inside the network capacity
region. We show that when arrival and channel processes are independent,
average delay of the max-weight policy is order-optimal, in the sense that it
does not grow with the number of network links. While recent queue-grouping
algorithms are known to also yield order-optimal delay, this is the first such
result for the simpler class of max-weight policies. We then consider
multi-rate transmission models and show that average delay in this case
typically does increase with the network size due to queues containing a small
number of "residual" packets.


title: Rational vertex operator algebras are finitely generated

abstract:
  It is proved that any vertex operator algebra for which the image of the
Virasoro element in Zhu's algebra is algebraic over complex numbers is finitely
generated. In particular, any vertex operator algebra with a finite dimensional
Zhu's algebra is finitely generated. As a result, any rational vertex operator
algebra is finitely generated.


title: NC Coherent pi0 Production in the MiniBooNE Antineutrino Data

abstract:
  The single largest background to future $\bar{\nu_{\mu}}\to \bar{\nu_e}$
($\nu_\mu \to \nu_e$) oscillation searches is neutral current (NC) $\pi^{0}$
production. MiniBooNE, which began taking antineutrino data in January 2006,
has the world's largest sample of reconstructed $\pi^{0}$'s produced by
antineutrinos. These neutral pions are primarily produced through the $\Delta$
resonance but can also be created through ``coherent production.'' The latter
process is the coherent sum of glancing scatters of antineutrinos off a neutron
or proton, in which the nucleus is kept intact but a $\pi^{0}$ is created. A
signature of this process is a $\pi^{0}$ which is highly forward-going. It is
advantageous to study coherent production using antineutrinos rather than
neutrinos because the ratio of coherent to resonant scattering is enhanced in
antineutrino running. The first measurement of NC coherent $\pi^{0}$ production
in the MiniBooNE antineutrino data is discussed here.


title: X-raying clumped stellar winds

abstract:
  X-ray spectroscopy is a sensitive probe of stellar winds. X-rays originate
from optically thin shock-heated plasma deep inside the wind and propagate
outwards throughout absorbing cool material. Recent analyses of the line ratios
from He-like ions in the X-ray spectra of O-stars highlighted problems with
this general paradigm: the measured line ratios of highest ions are consistent
with the location of the hottest X-ray emitting plasma very close to the base
of the wind, perhaps indicating the presence of a corona, while measurements
from lower ions conform with the wind-embedded shock model. Generally, to
correctly model the emerging X-ray spectra, a detailed knowledge of the cool
wind opacities based on stellar atmosphere models is prerequisite. A nearly
grey stellar wind opacity for the X-rays is deduced from the analyses of
high-resolution X-ray spectra. This indicates that the stellar winds are
strongly clumped. Furthermore, the nearly symmetric shape of X-ray emission
line profiles can be explained if the wind clumps are radially compressed. In
massive binaries the orbital variations of X-ray emission allow to probe the
opacity of the stellar wind; results support the picture of strong wind
clumping. In high-mass X-ray binaries, the stochastic X-ray variability and the
extend of the stellar-wind part photoionized by X-rays provide further strong
evidence that stellar winds consist of dense clumps.


title: Formal deformations of Poisson structures in low dimensions

abstract:
  In this paper, we study formal deformations of Poisson structures, especially
for three families of Poisson varieties in dimensions two and three. For these
families of Poisson structures, using an explicit basis of the second Poisson
cohomology space, we solve the deformation equations at each step and obtain a
large family of formal deformations for each Poisson structure which we
consider. With the help of an explicit formula, we show that this family
contains, modulo equivalence, all possible formal deformations. We show
moreover that, when the Poisson structure is generic, all members of the family
are non-equivalent.


title: A sharp uniform bound for the distribution of sums of Bernoulli trials

abstract:
  In this note we establish a uniform bound for the distribution of a sum
$S_n=X_1+\cdots+X_n$ of independent non-homogeneous Bernoulli trials.
Specifically, we prove that $\sigma_n \mathbb{P}(S_n\!=\!j)\leq\eta$ where
$\sigma_n$ denotes the standard deviation of $S_n$ and $\eta$ is a universal
constant. We compute the best possible constant $\eta\sim 0.4688$ and we show
that the bound also holds for limits of sums and differences of Bernoullis,
including the Poisson laws which constitute the worst case and attain the
bound. We also investigate the optimal bounds for $n$ and $j$ fixed. An
application to estimate the rate of convergence of Mann's fixed point
iterations is presented.


title: Scaling of critical connectivity of mobile ad hoc communication networks

abstract:
  In this paper, critical global connectivity of mobile ad hoc communication
networks (MAHCN) is investigated. We model the two-dimensional plane on which
nodes move randomly with a triangular lattice. Demanding the best communication
of the network, we account the global connectivity $\eta$ as a function of
occupancy $\sigma$ of sites in the lattice by mobile nodes. Critical phenomena
of the connectivity for different transmission ranges $r$ are revealed by
numerical simulations, and these results fit well to the analysis based on the
assumption of homogeneous mixing . Scaling behavior of the connectivity is
found as $\eta \sim f(R^{\beta}\sigma)$, where $R=(r-r_{0})/r_{0}$, $r_{0}$ is
the length unit of the triangular lattice and $\beta$ is the scaling index in
the universal function $f(x)$. The model serves as a sort of site percolation
on dynamic complex networks relative to geometric distance. Moreover, near each
critical $\sigma_c(r)$ corresponding to certain transmission range $r$, there
exists a cut-off degree $k_c$ below which the clustering coefficient of such
self-organized networks keeps a constant while the averaged nearest neighbor
degree exhibits a unique linear variation with the degree k, which may be
useful to the designation of real MAHCN.


title:
Entanglement of Solid Vortex Matter: A Boomerang Shaped Reduction Forced
  by Disorder in Interlayer Phase Coherence in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+y

abstract:
  We present evidence for entangled solid vortex matter in a glassy state in a
layered superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+y}$ containing randomly
splayed linear defects. The interlayer phase coherence--probed by the Josephson
plasma resonance--is enhanced at high temperatures, reflecting the recoupling
of vortex liquid by the defects. At low temperatures in the vortex solid state,
the interlayer coherence follows a boomerang-shaped reentrant temperature path
with an unusual low field decrease in coherence, indicative of meandering
vortices. We uncover a distinct temperature scaling between in-plane and
out-of-plane critical currents with opposing dependencies on field and time,
consistent with the theoretically proposed "splayed-glass" state.


title: Periods of relativistic oscillators with even polynomial potentials

abstract:
  We modify a non-perturbative approach based on the Principle of Minimal
Sensitivity to calculate the periods of relativistic oscillators with even
polynomial potentials of general form. The optimization of the variational
parameter is adapted by using the ultrarelativistic limit of the period as a
boundary condition, which determines the values of additional free parameters
introduced. Resulting general approximations prove to be accurate over the
whole solution domain and for the whole class of potentials.


title:
Torsional nodeless vibrations of quaking neutron star restored by
  combined forces of shear elastic and magnetic field stresses

abstract:
  Within the framework of Newtonian magneto-solid-mechanics, relying on
equations appropriate for a perfectly conducting elastic continuous medium
threaded by a uniform magnetic field, the asteroseismic model of a neutron star
undergoing axisymmetric global torsional nodeless vibrations under the combined
action of Hooke's elastic and Lorentz magnetic forces is considered with
emphasis on a toroidal Alfv\'en mode of differentially rotational vibrations
about the dipole magnetic moment axis of the star. The obtained spectral
equation for frequency is applied to $\ell$-pole identification of
quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) of X-ray flux during the giant flares of SGR
1806-20 and SGR 1900+14. Our calculations suggest that detected QPOs can be
consistently interpreted, within the framework of this model, as produced by
global torsional nodeless vibrations of quaking magnetar if they are considered
to be restored by the joint action of bulk forces of shear elastic and magnetic
field stresses.


title:
Constraining the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy with
  heavy-ion reactions and its astrophysical impact

abstract:
  Recent analyses of several isospin effects in heavy-ion reactions have
allowed us to constrain the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy at
sub-saturation densities within a narrow range. Combined with constraints on
the Equation of State (EOS) of symmetric nuclear matter obtained previously
from analyzing the elliptic flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the EOS
of neutron-rich nuclear matter is thus partially constrained. Here we report
effects of the partially constrained EOS of neutron-rich nuclear matter on the
mass-radius correlation, moment of inertia, elliptical deformation and
gravitational radiation of (rapidly) rotating neutron stars.


title:
Development of Hybrid Intelligent Systems and their Applications from
  Engineering Systems to Complex Systems

abstract:
  In this study, we introduce general frame of MAny Connected Intelligent
Particles Systems (MACIPS). Connections and interconnections between particles
get a complex behavior of such merely simple system (system in
system).Contribution of natural computing, under information granulation
theory, are the main topic of this spacious skeleton. Upon this clue, we
organize different algorithms involved a few prominent intelligent computing
and approximate reasoning methods such as self organizing feature map (SOM)[9],
Neuro- Fuzzy Inference System[10], Rough Set Theory (RST)[11], collaborative
clustering, Genetic Algorithm and Ant Colony System. Upon this, we have
employed our algorithms on the several engineering systems, especially emerged
systems in Civil and Mineral processing. In other process, we investigated how
our algorithms can be taken as a linkage of government-society interaction,
where government catches various fashions of behavior: solid (absolute) or
flexible. So, transition of such society, by changing of connectivity
parameters (noise) from order to disorder is inferred. Add to this, one may
find an indirect mapping among finical systems and eventual market fluctuations
with MACIPS. In the following sections, we will mention the main topics of the
suggested proposal, briefly Details of the proposed algorithms can be found in
the references.


title:
A mapping from the unitary to doubly stochastic matrices and symbols on
  a finite set

abstract:
  We prove that the mapping from the unitary to the doubly stochastic matrices
that maps a unitary matrix (u_{kl}) to the doubly stochastic matrix
(|u_{kl}|^2) is a submersion for almost all unitary matrices. The proof uses
the framework of operator symbols on a finite set. We give detailed proofs of
the results announced in our earlier preprint.


title: Minimizing the Probability of Ruin when Consumption is Ratcheted

abstract:
  We assume that an agent's rate of consumption is {\it ratcheted}; that is, it
forms a non-decreasing process. Given the rate of consumption, we act as
financial advisers and find the optimal investment strategy for the agent who
wishes to minimize his probability of ruin.