title:
Electronic Origin of the Inhomogeneous Pairing Interaction in the
  High-Tc Superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d

abstract:
  Identifying the mechanism of superconductivity in the high-temperature
cuprate superconductors is one of the major outstanding problems in physics. We
report local measurements of the onset of superconducting pairing in the
high-transition temperature (Tc) superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d using a
lattice-tracking spectroscopy technique with a scanning tunneling microscope.
We can determine the temperature dependence of the pairing energy gaps, the
electronic excitations in the absence of pairing, and the effect of the local
coupling of electrons to bosonic excitations. Our measurements reveal that the
strength of pairing is determined by the unusual electronic excitations of the
normal state, suggesting that strong electron-electron interactions rather than
low-energy (<0.1 volts) electron-boson interactions are responsible for
superconductivity in the cuprates.


title:
Magneto-transport properties governed by the antiferromagnetic
  fluctuations in heavy fermion superconductor CeIrIn$_{5}$

abstract:
  In quasi-two dimensional Ce(Ir,Rh)In$_5$ system, it has been suggested that
the phase diagram contains two distinct domes with different heavy fermion
superconducting states. We here report the systematic pressure dependence of
the electron transport properties in the normal state of
CeRh$_{0.2}$Ir$_{0.8}$In$_{5}$ and CeIrIn$_{5}$, which locates in first and
second superconducting dome, respectively. We observed non-Fermi liquid
behavior at low temperatures in both compounds, including non-quadratic
$T-$dependence of the resistivity, large enhancement of the Hall coefficient,
and the violation of the Kohler's rule in the magnetoresistance. We show that
the cotangent of Hall angle $\cot \Theta_H$ varies as $T^2$, and the
magnetoresistance is quite well scaled by the Hall angle as $\Delta
\rho_{xx}/\rho_{xx}\propto \tan^2\Theta_H$. The observed transport anomalies
are common features of Ce$M$In$_{5}$ ($M$=Co, Rh, and Ir) and high-$T_c$
cuprates, suggesting that the anomalous transport properties observed in
CeIrIn$_{5}$ are mainly governed by the antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations,
not by the Ce-valence fluctuations which has been proposed to be the possible
origin for the second superconducting dome.


title:
Formation of collective excitations in quasi-one dimensional metallic
  nanostructures: size and density dependance

abstract:
  We investigate theoretically the formation of collective excitations in
atomic scale quasi-one dimensional metallic nanostructures. The response of the
system is calculated within the linear response theory and random phase
approximation. For uniform nanostructures a transition from quantum single
particle excitations to classical plasmon scaling is observed, depending on the
system length and electron density. We find crucial differences in the scaling
behavior for quasi-one dimensional and three-dimensional nanostructures. The
presence of an additional modulating on-site potential is shown to localize
electrons, leading to the response function that is highly sensitive to the
number of electrons at low fillings.


title:
Spin-state transition and spin-polaron physics in cobalt oxide
  perovskites: ab initio approach based on quantum chemical methods

abstract:
  A fully ab initio scheme based on quantum chemical wavefunction methods is
used to investigate the correlated multiorbital electronic structure of a
3d-metal compound, LaCoO3. The strong short-range electron correlations,
involving both Co and O orbitals, are treated by multireference techniques. The
use of effective parameters like the Hubbard U and interorbital U', J terms and
the problems associated with their explicit calculation are avoided with this
approach. We provide new insight into the spin-state transition at about 90 K
and the nature of charge carriers in the doped material. Our results indicate
the formation of a t4e2 high-spin state in LaCoO3 for T>90 K. Additionally, we
explain the paramagnetic phase in the low-temperature lightly doped compound
through the formation of Zhang-Rice-like O hole states and ferromagnetic
clusters.


title: Higher-spin dynamics and Chern-Simons theories

abstract:
  We review the construction of consistent higher-spin theories based on
Chern-Simons actions. To this end we first introduce the required higher-spin
algebras and discuss curvature and torsion tensors in an unconstrained way.
Finally we perform a perturbative analysis of the Chern-Simons theory in D=5
for a non-maximally symmetric AdS(4) background and obtain the required
four-dimensional Fronsdal equations in the compensator formulation.


title: 3D simulations of RS Oph: from accretion to nova blast

abstract:
  RS Ophiuchi is a recurrent nova with a period of about 22 years, consisting
of a wind accreting binary system with a white dwarf (WD) very close to the
Chandrasekhar limit and a red giant star (RG). The system is considered a prime
candidate to evolve into an SNIa. We present a 3D hydrodynamic simulation of
the quiescent accretion and the subsequent explosive phase. The computed
circumstellar mass distribution in the quiescent phase is highly structured
with a mass enhancement in the orbital plane of about a factor of 2 as compared
to the poleward directions. The simulated nova remnant evolves aspherically,
propagating faster toward the poles. The shock velocities derived from the
simulations are in agreement with those derived from observations. For v_RG =
20 km/s and for nearly isothermal flows, we derive a mass transfer rate to the
WD of 10% of the mass loss of the RG. For an RG mass loss of 10^{-7} solar
masses per year, we found the orbit of the system to decay by 3% per million
years. With the derived mass transfer rate, multi-cycle nova models provide a
qualitatively correct recurrence time, amplitude, and fastness of the nova. Our
simulations provide, along with the observations and nova models, the third
ingredient for a deeper understanding of the recurrent novae of the RS Oph
type. In combination with recent multi-cycle nova models, our results suggests
that the WD in RS Oph will increase in mass. Several speculative outcomes then
seem plausible. The WD may reach the Chandrasekhar limit and explode as an SN
Ia. Alternatively, the mass loss of the RG could result in a smaller Roche
volume, a common envelope phase, and a narrow WD+WD system. Angular momentum
loss due to graviational wave emission could trigger the merger of the two WDs
and - perhaps - an SN Ia via the double degenerate scenario.


title: On gauge/string correspondence and mirror symmetry

abstract:
  We consider a mirror dual of the Berkovits-Vafa A-model for the BPS
superstring on $AdS_5\times S^5$ in the form of a deformed superconifold. Via
geometric transition, the theory has a dual description as the hermitian
gaussian one-matrix model. We show that the A-model amplitudes of generic
$AdS_2\times S^4$ branes, breaking the superconformal symmetry as $U(2,2|4)\to
OSp(4^*|4)$, are evaluated in terms of observables in the matrix model. As
such, upon the usual identification $g_{YM}^2=g_s$, these can be expanded as
Drukker-Gross circular 1/2-BPS Wilson loops in the perturbative regime of
${\cal N}=4$ SYM.


title: High energy factorization in nucleus-nucleus collisions

abstract:
  We derive a high energy factorization theorem for inclusive gluon production
in A+A collisions. Our factorized formula resums i) all order leading
logarithms (g^2 \ln(1/x_{1,2}))^n of the incoming partons momentum fractions,
and ii) all contributions (g \rho_{1,2})^n that are enhanced when the color
charge densities in the two nuclei are of order of the inverse coupling--
\rho_{1,2}\sim g^{-1}. The resummed inclusive gluon spectrum can be expressed
as a convolution of gauge invariant distributions W[\rho_{1,2}] from each of
the nuclei with the leading order gluon number operator. These distributions
are shown to satisfy the JIMWLK equation describing the evolution of nuclear
wavefunctions with rapidity. As a by-product, we demonstrate that the JIMWLK
Hamiltonian can be derived entirely in terms of retarded light cone Green's
functions without any ambiguities in their pole prescriptions. We comment on
the implications of our results for understanding the Glasma produced at early
times in A+A collisions at collider energies.


title: Reionization constraints from five-year WMAP data

abstract:
  We study the constraints on reionization from five years of WMAP data,
parametrizing the evolution of the average fraction of ionized hydrogen with
principal components that provide a complete basis for describing the effects
of reionization on large-scale E-mode polarization. Using Markov Chain Monte
Carlo methods, we find that the resulting model-independent estimate of the
total optical depth is nearly twice as well determined as the estimate from
3-year WMAP data, in agreement with simpler analyses that assume instantaneous
reionization. The mean value of the optical depth from principal components is
slightly larger than the instantaneous value; we find tau=0.097+/-0.017 using
only large-scale polarization, and tau=0.101+/-0.019 when temperature data is
included. Likewise, scale invariant n_s=1 spectra are no longer strongly
disfavored by WMAP alone. Higher moments of the ionization history show less
improvement in the 5-year data than the optical depth. By plotting the
distribution of polarization power for models from the MCMC analysis, we show
that extracting most of the remaining information about the shape of the
reionization history from the CMB requires better measurements of E-mode
polarization on scales of l~10-20. Conversely, the quadrupole and octopole
polarization power is already predicted to better than cosmic variance given
any allowed ionization history at z<30 so that more precise measurements will
test the LambdaCDM paradigm.


title:
Precise analysis of pion-pion scattering data from Roy equations and
  forward dispersion relations

abstract:
  We review our recent analysis of pion-pion scattering data in terms of Roy
equations and Forward Dispersion Relations, and present some preliminary
results in terms of a new set of once-subtracted coupled equations for partial
waves. The first analysis consists of independent fits to the different
pion-pion channels that satisfies rather well the dispersive representation. In
the second analysis we constrain the fit with the dispersion relations. The
latter provides a very precise and model independent description of data using
just analyticity, causality and crossing.


title:
Prospects for direct cosmic ray mass measurements through the
  Gerasimova-Zatsepin effect

abstract:
  The Solar radiation field may break apart ultra high energy cosmic nuclei,
after which both remnants will be deflected in the interplanetary magnetic
field in different ways. This process is known as the Gerasimova-Zatsepin
effect after its discoverers. We investigate the possibility of using the
detection of the separated air showers produced by a pair of remnant particles
as a way to identify the species of the original cosmic ray primary directly.
Event rates for current and proposed detectors are estimated, and requirements
are defined for ideal detectors of this phenomenon. Detailed computational
models of the disintegration and deflection processes for a wide range of
cosmic ray primaries in the energy range of 10^16 to 10^20 eV are combined with
sophisticated detector models to calculate realistic detection rates. The
fraction of Gerasimova-Zatsepin events is found to be of the order of 10^-5 of
the cosmic ray flux, implying an intrinsic event rate of around 0.07 km^-2
sr^-1 yr^-1 in the energy range defined. Event rates in any real experiment,
however, existing or under construction, will probably not exceed 10^-2 yr^-1.


title:
Fine tuning and the ratio of tensor to scalar density fluctuations from
  cosmological inflation

abstract:
  The form of the inflationary potential is severely restricted if one requires
that it be natural in the technical sense, i.e. terms of unrelated origin are
not required to be correlated. We determine the constraints on observables that
are implied in such natural inflationary models, in particular on $r$, the
ratio of tensor to scalar perturbations. We find that the naturalness
constraint does not require $r$ to be lare enough to be detectable by the
forthcoming searches for B-mode polarisation in CMB maps. We show also that the
value of $r$ is a sensitive discriminator between inflationary models.


title: Properties of Black Hole Radiation From Tunnelling

abstract:
  We consider the space-time associated with the evaporation of a black hole by
quantum mechanical tunnelling events. It is shown that the surface through
which tunnelling occurs is distinct from the global event horizon, and that
this has consequences for the radiation reaching future null infinity. A
spherical collapse process is modelled, and the radiation expected to be
observed at future null infinity is calculated. It is shown that external
observers witness an evaporation process that begins as the tunnelling surface
is exposed, and ends as the collapsing object passes behind its event horizon.
The sensitivity of emitted radiation to the collapse process is illustrated.


title:
Site preference of transition-metal elements in L10-TiAl: A
  first-principles study

abstract:
  The site preference of 3d (Ti-Cu), 4d (Zr-Ag) and 5d (Hf-Au) transition-metal
elements in L10 TiAl is studied using a combination of first-principles
supercell calculations and the statistical mechanical Wagner-Schottky model.
Our key finding is that both temperature and alloy stoichiometry can strongly
affect the site occupancy behavior of ternary alloying elements in L10 TiAl. We
further predict that the tendency of transition metals to occupy the Al sites
in TiAl increases with increasing d-electron number along a series.


title: Some Enigmatic Aspects of the Early Universe

abstract:
  Matter collapsing to a singularity in a gravitational field is still an
intriguing question. Similar situation arises when discussing the very early
universe or a universe recollapsing to a singularity. It is suggested that
inclusion of mutual gravitational interactions among the collapsing particles
can avert a singularity and give finite value for various physical quantities
like entropy, density, etc.


title: Normal state of highly polarized Fermi gases: Full many-body treatment

abstract:
  We consider a single \down atom within a Fermi sea of \up atoms. We elucidate
by a full many-body analysis the quite mysterious agreement between Monte-Carlo
results and approximate calculations taking only into account single
particle-hole excitations. It results from a nearly perfect destructive
interference of the contributions of states with more than one particle-hole
pair. This is linked to the remarkable efficiency of the expansion in powers of
hole wavevectors, the lowest order leading to perfect interference. Going up to
two particle-hole pairs gives an essentially perfect agreement with known exact
results. Hence our treatment amounts to an exact solution of this problem.


title:
Controlling Luttinger liquid physics in spin ladders under a magnetic
  field

abstract:
  We present a 14N nuclear magnetic resonance study of a single crystal of
CuBr4(C5H12N)2 (BPCB) consisting of weakly coupled spin-1/2 Heisenberg
antiferromagnetic ladders. Treating ladders in the gapless phase as Luttinger
liquids, we are able to fully account for (i) the magnetic field dependence of
the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T_1 at 250 mK and for (ii) the phase
transition to a 3D ordered phase occuring below 110 mK due to weak interladder
exchange coupling. BPCB is thus an excellent model system where the possibility
to control Luttinger liquid parameters in a continuous manner is demonstrated
and Luttinger liquid model tested in detail over the whole fermion band.


title: Bremsstrahlung emission during $\alpha$-decay of $^{226}{\rm Ra}$

abstract:
  We obtained the spectrum of probability of the bremsstrahlung emission
accompanying the $\alpha$-decay of $^{226}{\rm Ra}$ (E$_{\alpha}$=4.8 MeV) by
measuring the $\alpha$-$\gamma$ coincidences and using the model presented in
our previous study on the $\alpha-$decay of $^{214}{\rm Po}$ (E$_{\alpha}$=7.7
MeV). We compare the experimental data with the quantum mechanical calculation
and find a good agreement between theory and experiment. We discuss the
differences between the photon spectra connected with the $\alpha$-decay of the
$^{226}{\rm Ra}$ and $^{214}{\rm Po}$ nuclei. For the two mentioned nuclei we
analyze the bremsstrahlung emission contributions from the tunneling and
external regions of the nucleus barrier into the total spectrum, and we find
the destructive interference between these contributions. We also find that the
emission of photons during tunneling of the $\alpha$-particle gives an
important contribution to the bremsstrahlung spectrum in the whole E$_{\gamma}$
energy range of the studied $^{226}$Ra nucleus.


title: A nonlinear theory for shells with slowly varying thickness

abstract:
  We study the $\Gamma$-limit of 3d nonlinear elasticity for shells of small,
variable thickness, around an arbitrary smooth 2d surface.


title: p-Symmetric fuzzy measures

abstract:
  In this paper we propose a generalization of the concept of symmetric fuzzy
measure based in a decomposition of the universal set in what we have called
subsets of indifference. Some properties of these measures are studied, as well
as their Choquet integral. Finally, a degree of interaction between the subsets
of indifference is defined.


title:
Precise determination of the sigma pole location from a dispersive
  analysis

abstract:
  We review how the use of recent precise data on kaon decays together with
forward dispersion relations (FDR) and Roy's equations allow us to determine
the sigma resonance pole position very precisely, by using only experimental
input. In addition, we present preliminary results for a modified set of
Roy-like equations with only one subtraction, that show a remarkable
improvement in the precision around the sigma resonance region. For practical
applications, these results are shown to be very well approximated by a very
simple conformal expansion.


title:
Identifying of the refractive index for the acoustic equation at fixed
  frequency

abstract:
  In this paper we determine a formula for calculating the refractive index
${\bf n}$ for the acoustic equation from the partial Dirichlet to Neumann
map(DN) associated to ${\bf n}$. We apply these results to identify locations
and values of small volume perturbations of this refractive index at fixed
frequency $\omega$.


title:
Maximum Likelihood algorithm for parametric component separation in CMB
  experiments

abstract:
  We discuss an approach to the component separation of microwave,
multi-frequency sky maps as those typically produced from Cosmic Microwave
Background (CMB) Anisotropy data sets. The algorithm is based on the two step,
parametric, likelihood-based technique recently elaborated on by Eriksen et
al., (2006), where the foreground spectral parameters are estimated prior to
the actual separation of the components. In contrast with the previous
approaches, we accomplish the former task with help of an analytically-derived
likelihood function for the spectral parameters, which, we show, yields
estimates equal to the maximum likelihood values of the full multi-dimensional
data problem. We then use these estimates to perform the second step via the
standard, generalized-least-square-like procedure. We demonstrate that the
proposed approach is equivalent to a direct maximization of the full data
likelihood, which is recast in a computationally tractable form. We use the
corresponding curvature matrices to characterize statistical properties of the
recovered parameters. We incorporate in the formalism some of the essential
features of the CMB data sets, such as inhomogeneous pixel domain noise,
unknown map offsets as well as calibration errors and study their consequences
for the separation. We find that the calibration is likely to have a dominant
effect on the precision of the spectral parameter determination for a realistic
CMB experiment. We apply the algorithm to simulated data and discuss the
results. Our focus is on partial-sky, total-intensity and polarization, CMB
experiments such as planned balloon-borne and ground-based efforts, however,
the techniques presented here should be also applicable to the full-sky data as
for instance, those produced by WMAP and anticipated from Planck.


title:
Quantum Zeno Effect Underpinning the Radical-Ion-Pair Mechanism of Avian
  Magnetoreception

abstract:
  The intricate biochemical processes underlying avian magnetoreception, the
sensory ability of migratory birds to navigate using earths magnetic field,
have been narrowed down to spin-dependent recombination of radical-ion pairs to
be found in avian species retinal proteins. The avian magnetic field detection
is governed by the interplay between magnetic interactions of the radicals
unpaired electrons and the radicals recombination dynamics. Critical to this
mechanism is the long lifetime of the radical-pair spin coherence, so that the
weak geomagnetic field will have a chance to signal its presence. It is here
shown that a fundamental quantum phenomenon, the quantum Zeno effect, is at the
basis of the radical-ion-pair magnetoreception mechanism. The quantum Zeno
effect naturally leads to long spin coherence lifetimes, without any
constraints on the systems physical parameters, ensuring the robustness of this
sensory mechanism. Basic experimental observations regarding avian magnetic
sensitivity are seamlessly derived. These include the magnetic sensitivity
functional window and the heading error of oriented bird ensembles, which so
far evaded theoretical justification. The findings presented here could be
highly relevant to similar mechanisms at work in photosynthetic reactions. They
also trigger fundamental questions about the evolutionary mechanisms that
enabled avian species to make optimal use of quantum measurement laws.


title: High Energy Particles in the Solar Corona

abstract:
  Collective Ampere law interactions producing magnetic flux tubes piercing
through sunspots into and then out of the solar corona allow for low energy
nuclear reactions in a steady state and high energy particle reactions if a
magnetic flux tube explodes in a violent event such as a solar flare.
Filamentous flux tubes themselves are vortices of Ampere currents circulating
around in a tornado fashion in a roughly cylindrical geometry. The magnetic
field lines are parallel to and largely confined within the core of the vortex.
The vortices may thereby be viewed as long current carrying coils surrounding
magnetic flux and subject to inductive Faraday and Ampere laws. These laws set
the energy scales of (i) low energy solar nuclear reactions which may regularly
occur and (ii) high energy electro-weak interactions which occur when magnetic
flux coils explode into violent episodic events such as solar flares or coronal
mass ejections.


title:
Uncertainty principle for Wigner-Yanase-Dyson information in semifinite
  von Neumann algebras

abstract:
  Recently Kosaki proved an uncertainty principle for matrices, related to
Wigner-Yanase-Dyson information, and asked if a similar inequality could be
proved in the von Neumann algebra setting. In this paper we prove such an
uncertainty principle in the semifinite case.


title:
Manipulation and Generation of Supercurrent in Out-of-Equilibrium
  Josephson Tunnel Nanojunctions

abstract:
  We demonstrate experimentally manipulation of supercurrent in Al-AlO_x-Ti
Josephson tunnel junctions by injecting quasiparticles in a Ti island from two
additional tunnel-coupled Al superconducting reservoirs. Both supercurrent
enhancement and quenching with respect to equilibrium are achieved. We
demonstrate cooling of the Ti line by quasiparticle injection from the normal
state deep into the superconducting phase. A model based on heat transport and
non-monotonic current-voltage characteristic of a Josephson junction
satisfactorily accounts for our findings.


title: Quantum Electrodynamics at Extremely Small Distances

abstract:
  The asymptotics of the Gell-Mann - Low function in QED can be determined
exactly, \beta(g)= g at g\to\infty, where g=e^2 is the running fine structure
constant. It solves the problem of pure QED at small distances L and gives the
behavior g\sim L^{-2}.


title: An inequality related to uncertainty principle in von Neumann algebras

abstract:
  Recently Kosaki proved an inequality for matrices that can be seen as a kind
of new uncertainty principle. Independently, the same result was proved by
Yanagi, Furuichi and Kuriyama. The new bound is given in terms of
Wigner-Yanase-Dyson informations. Kosaki himself asked if this inequality can
be proved in the setting of von Neumann algebras. In this paper we provide a
positive answer to that question and moreover we show how the inequality can be
generalized to an arbitrary operator monotone function.


title:
Higgs mediated lepton flavor violating tau decays $\tau \to \mu \gamma$
  and $\tau \to \mu \gamma \gamma$ in effective theories

abstract:
  The size of the branching ratios for the $\tau \to \mu \gamma$ and $\tau \to
\mu \gamma \gamma$ decays induced by a lepton flavor violating Higgs
interaction $H\tau \mu$ is studied in the frame of effective field theories.
The best constraint on the $H\tau \mu$ vertex, derived from the know
measurement on the muon anomalous magnetic moment, is used to impose the upper
bounds $Br(\tau \to \mu \gamma)<2.5\times 10^{-10}$ and $Br(\tau \to \mu \gamma
\gamma)<2.3\times 10^{-12}$, which are more stringent than current experimental
limits on this class of transitions.


title: Gaussian-State Theory of Two-Photon Imaging

abstract:
  Biphoton states of signal and idler fields--obtained from spontaneous
parametric downconversion (SPDC) in the low-brightness, low-flux regime--have
been utilized in several quantum imaging configurations to exceed the
resolution performance of conventional imagers that employ coherent-state or
thermal light. Recent work--using the full Gaussian-state description of
SPDC--has shown that the same resolution performance seen in quantum optical
coherence tomography and the same imaging characteristics found in quantum
ghost imaging can be realized by classical-state imagers that make use of
phase-sensitive cross correlations. This paper extends the Gaussian-state
analysis to two additional biphoton-state quantum imaging scenarios: far field
diffraction-pattern imaging; and broadband thin-lens imaging. It is shown that
the spatial resolution behavior in both cases is controlled by the nonzero
phase-sensitive cross correlation between the signal and idler fields. Thus,
the same resolution can be achieved in these two configurations with
classical-state signal and idler fields possessing a nonzero phase-sensitive
cross correlation.


title:
Comparative classical and ab initio Molecular Dynamics study of molten
  and glassy germanium dioxide

abstract:
  A Molecular Dynamics (MD) study of static and dynamic properties of molten
and glassy germanium dioxide is presented. The interactions between the atoms
are modelled by the classical pair potential proposed by Oeffner and Elliott
(OE) [Oeffner R D and Elliott S R 1998, Phys. Rev. B, 58, 14791]. We compare
our results to experiments and previous simulations. In addition, an ab initio
method, the so-called Car-Parrinello Molecular Dynamics (CPMD), is applied to
check the accuracy of the structural properties, as obtained by the classical
MD simulations with the OE potential. As in a similar study for SiO2, the
structure predicted by CPMD is only slightly softer than that resulting from
the classical MD. In contrast to earlier simulations, both the static structure
and dynamic properties are in very good agreement with pertinent experimental
data. MD simulations with the OE potential are also used to study the
relaxation dynamics. As previously found for SiO2, for high temperatures the
dynamics of molten GeO2 is compatible with a description in terms of mode
coupling theory.


title:
High frequency asymptotics of global vibrations in a problem with
  concentrated mass

abstract:
  We consider an elastic system containing a small region where the density is
very much higher then elsewhere. Such system possesses two types of
eigenvibrations, which are local and global vibrations. Complete asymptotic
expansions of global eigenvibrations for ordinary differential operator of the
fourth order are constructed using WKB--technique.


title: Effectively closed sets of measures and randomness

abstract:
  We show that if a real $x$ is strongly Hausdorff $h$-random, where $h$ is a
dimension function corresponding to a convex order, then it is also random for
a continuous probability measure $\mu$ such that the $\mu$-measure of the basic
open cylinders shrinks according to $h$. The proof uses a new method to
construct measures, based on effective (partial) continuous transformations and
a basis theorem for $\Pi^0_1$-classes applied to closed sets of probability
measures. We use the main result to give a new proof of Frostman's Lemma, to
derive a collapse of randomness notions for Hausdorff measures, and to provide
a characterization of effective Hausdorff dimension similar to Frostman's
Theorem.


title: Confinement Effects on Phase Behavior of Soft Matter Systems

abstract:
  When systems that can undergo phase separation between two coexisting phases
in the bulk are confined in thin film geometry between parallel walls, the
phase behavior can be profoundly modified. These phenomena shall be described
and exemplified by computer simulations of the Asakura-Oosawa model for
colloid-polymer mixtures, but applications to other soft matter systems (e.g.
confined polymer blends) will also be mentioned. Typically a wall will prefer
one of the phases, and hence the composition of the system in the direction
perpendicular to the walls will not be homogeneous. If both walls are of the
same kind, this effect leads to a distortion of the phase diagram of the system
in thin film geometry, in comparison with the bulk, analogous to the phenomenon
of "capillary condensation" of simple fluids in thin capillaries. In the case
of "competing walls", where both walls prefer different phases of the two
phases coexisting in the bulk, a state with an interface parallel to the walls
gets stabilized. The transition from the disordered phase to this "soft mode
phase" is rounded by the finite thickness of the film and not a sharp phase
transition. However, a sharp transition can occur where this interface gets
localized at (one of) the walls. The relation of this interface localization
transition to wetting phenomena is discussed. Finally, an outlook to related
phenomena is given, such as the effects of confinement in cylindrical pores on
the phase behavior, and more complicated ordering phenomena (lamellar
mesophases of block copolymers or nematic phases of liquid crystals under
confinement).


title: Field angle-dependent thermal conductivity in nodal superconuctors

abstract:
  We apply a semi-classical method to the problem of field angle-dependent
oscillations of the density of states and thermal conductivity for nodal
superconductors and apply our results to the superconductor PrOs$_4$Sb$_{12}$.
The oscillatory contributions to the thermal conductivity for all possible
point node configurations for a superconductor with $T_h$ symmetry are
calculated. It is found that experimental results are best accounted for by
nodes in the off-axis directions $[\pm \sin\phi_0, 0, \pm\cos\phi_0]$, which
are associated with the time-reversal breaking, triplet paired phase $D_2(E)$.


title:
Entropy Identity and Material-Independent Equilibrium Conditions in
  Relativistic Thermodynamics

abstract:
  On the basis of the balance equations for energy-momentum, spin, particle and
entropy density, an approach is considered which represents a comparatively
general framework for special- and general-relativistic continuum
thermodynamics. In the first part of the paper, a general entropy density
4-vector, containing particle, energy-momentum, and spin density contributions,
is introduced which makes it possible, firstly, to judge special assumptions
for the entropy density 4-vector made by other authors with respect to their
generality and validity and, secondly, to determine entropy supply and entropy
production. Using this entropy density 4-vector, in the second part,
material-independent equilibrium conditions are discussed. While in literature,
at least if one works in the theory of irreversible thermodynamics assuming a
Riemann space-time structure, generally thermodynamic equilibrium is determined
by introducing a variety of conditions by hand, the present approach proceeds
as follows: For a comparatively wide class of space-time geometries the
necessary equilibrium conditions of vanishing entropy supply and entropy
production are exploited and, afterwards, supplementary conditions are assumed
which are motivated by the requirement that thermodynamic equilibrium
quantities have to be determined uniquely.


title:
Molecular dynamics computer simulation of amorphous silica under high
  pressure

abstract:
  The structural and dynamic properties of silica melts under high pressure are
studied using molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulation. The interactions
between the ions are modeled by a pairwise-additive potential, the so-called
CHIK potential, that has been recently proposed by Carre et al. The
experimental equation of state is well-reproduced by the CHIK model. With
increasing pressure (density), the structure changes from a tetrahedral network
to a network containing a high number of five- and six-fold Si-O coordination.
In the partial static structure factors, this change of the structure with
increasing density is reflected by a shift of the first sharp diffraction peak
towards higher wavenumbers q, eventually merging with the main peak at
densities around 4.2 g/cm^3. The self-diffusion constants as a function of
pressure show the experimentally-known maximum, occurring around a pressure of
about 20 GPa.


title:
The Non-triviality of the Grope Filtrations of The Knot and Link
  Concordance Groups

abstract:
  We consider the Grope filtration of the classical knot concordance group that
was introduced in a paper of Cochran, Orr and Teichner. Our main result is that
successive quotients at each stage in this filtration have infinite rank. We
also establish the analogous result for the Grope filtration of the concordance
group of string links consisting of more than one component.


title: M2-branes, 3-Lie Algebras and Plucker relations

abstract:
  We find that the structure constants 4-form of a metric 3-Lie algebra is the
sum of the volume forms of orthogonal 4-planes proving a conjecture in
math/0211170. In particular, there is no metric 3-Lie algebra associated to a
$\mathfrak{u}(N)$ Lie algebra for $N>2$. We examine the implication of this
result on the existence of a multiple M2-brane theory based on metric 3-Lie
algebras.


title:
A homotopy-theoretic universal property of Leinster's operad for weak
  omega-categories

abstract:
  We explain how any cofibrantly generated weak factorisation system on a
category may be equipped with a universally and canonically determined choice
of cofibrant replacement. We then apply this to the theory of weak
omega-categories, showing that the universal and canonical cofibrant
replacement of the operad for strict omega-categories is precisely Leinster's
operad for weak omega-categories.


title: Surface States of the Topological Insulator Bi_{1-x}Sb_x

abstract:
  We study the electronic surface states of the semiconducting alloy BiSb.
Using a phenomenological tight binding model we show that the Fermi surface of
the 111 surface states encloses an odd number of time reversal invariant
momenta (TRIM) in the surface Brillouin zone confirming that the alloy is a
strong topological insulator. We then develop general arguments which show that
spatial symmetries lead to additional topological structure, and further
constrain the surface band structure. Inversion symmetric crystals have 8 Z_2
"parity invariants", which include the 4 Z_2 invariants due to time reversal.
The extra invariants determine the "surface fermion parity", which specifies
which surface TRIM are enclosed by an odd number of electron or hole pockets.
We provide a simple proof of this result, which provides a direct link between
the surface states and the bulk parity eigenvalues. We then make specific
predictions for the surface state structure for several faces of BiSb. We next
show that mirror invariant band structures are characterized by an integer
"mirror Chern number", n_M. The sign of n_M in the topological insulator phase
of BiSb is related to a previously unexplored Z_2 parameter in the L point k.p
theory of pure Bi, which we refer to as the "mirror chirality", \eta. The value
of \eta predicted by the tight binding model for Bi disagrees with the value
predicted by a more fundamental pseudopotential calculation. This explains a
subtle disagreement between our tight binding surface state calculation and
previous first principles calculations on Bi. This suggests that the tight
binding parameters in the Liu Allen model of Bi need to be reconsidered.
Implications for existing and future ARPES experiments and spin polarized ARPES
experiments will be discussed.


title: Temperature Dependence of Electric Field Noise Above Gold Surfaces

abstract:
  Electric field noise from fluctuating patch potentials is a significant
problem for a broad range of precision experiments, including trapped ion
quantum computation and single spin detection. Recent results demonstrated
strong suppression of this noise by cryogenic cooling, suggesting an underlying
thermal process. We present measurements characterizing the temperature and
frequency dependence of the noise from 7 to 100 K, using a single Sr+ ion
trapped 75 um above the surface of a gold plated surface electrode ion trap.
The noise amplitude is observed to have an approximate 1/f spectrum around 1
MHz, and grows rapidly with temperature as T^beta for beta from 2 to 4. The
data are consistent with microfabricated cantilever measurements of non-contact
friction but do not extrapolate to the DC measurements with neutral atoms or
contact potential probes.


title: An X-ray and optical study of the ultracompact X-ray binary A1246-58

abstract:
  Results are discussed of an X-ray and optical observation campaign of the
low-mass X-ray binary A1246-58 performed with instruments on Satellite per
Astronomia X ('BeppoSAX'), the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), the X-ray
Multi-mirror Mission ('XMM-Newton'), the Swift mission, and the Very Large
Telescope. Spectra and flux time histories are studied. The most important
results are the lack of hydrogen spectral features in the optical spectrum,
supporting the proposition that this is an ultracompact X-ray binary (UCXB),
the determination of a 4.3 kpc distance from time-resolved spectroscopy of
thermonuclear X-ray bursts, and the detection of intermediately long
thermonuclear bursts as seen in a number of other UCXBs. There is evidence for
a Ne/O abundance ratio in the line of sight that is higher than solar and
variable. This may be due to different changes in the ionization degrees of Ne
and O, which may be related to the variable irradiating flux. We discuss the
spectral variability and the peculiarities of the long-term light curve.


title:
Non-equilibrium Green's function based single-band tight-binding model
  for Fe-MgO-Fe magnetic tunnel junction devices

abstract:
  Motivated by observation of very high tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) in
Fe-MgO-Fe magnetic tunnel junction devices, we propose a theoretical model for
these devices based on a single-band tight-binding approximation. An effort is
made to capture the band dispersions over the two dimensional transverse
Brillouin zone. In the transport direction, spin dependent Hamiltonian is
prescribed for Delta_1 and Delta_5 bands. Non-equilibrium Green's function
formalism is then used to calculate transport. Features like voltage dependence
of TMR are captured quantitatively within this simple model and the trends
match well with the ones predicted by ab-initio methods and experiments.


title:
An analytic model for non-spherical lenses in covariant MOdified
  Newtonian Dynamics

abstract:
  Strong gravitational lensing by galaxies in MOdified Newtonian Dynamics
(MOND) has until now been restricted to spherically symmetric models. These
models were able to account for the size of the Einstein ring of observed
lenses, but were unable to account for double-imaged systems with collinear
images, as well as four-image lenses. Non-spherical models are generally
cumbersome to compute numerically in MOND, but we present here a class of
analytic non-spherical models that can be applied to fit double-imaged and
quadruple-imaged systems. We use them to obtain a reasonable MOND fit to ten
double-imaged systems, as well as to the quadruple-imaged system Q2237+030
which is an isolated bulge-disc lens producing an Einstein cross. However, we
also find five double-imaged systems and three quadruple-imaged systems for
which no reasonable MOND fit can be obtained with our models. We argue that
this is mostly due to the intrinsic limitation of the analytic models, even
though the presence of small amounts of additional dark mass on galaxy scales
in MOND is also plausible.


title: Landau-Zener transitions in a semiconductor quantum dot

abstract:
  We study the transitions between neighboring energy levels in a
quasi-one-dimensional semiconductor quantum dot with two interacting electrons
in it, when it is subject to a linearly time-dependent electric field. We
analyze the applicability of simple two-level Landau-Zener model to describe
the evolution of the probability amplitudes in this realistic system. We show
that the Landau-Zener model works very well when it is viewed in the adibatic
basis, but it is not as robust in the diabatic basis.


title:
Discovery of superstrong, fading, iron line emission and double-peaked
  Balmer lines of the galaxy SDSSJ0952+2143 - the light echo of a huge flare

abstract:
  We report the discovery of superstrong, fading, high-ionization iron line
emission in the galaxy SDSSJ095209.56+214313.3 (SDSSJ0952+2143 hereafter),
which must have been caused by an X-ray outburst of large amplitude.
SDSSJ0952+2143 is unique in its strong multiwavelength variability; such a
broadband emission-line and continuum response has not been observed before.
The strong iron line emission is accompanied by unusual Balmer line emission
with a broad base, narrow core and double-peaked narrow horns, and strong HeII
emission. These lines, while strong in the SDSS spectrum taken in 2005, have
faded away significantly in new spectra taken in December 2007. Comparison of
SDSS, 2MASS, GALEX and follow-up GROND photometry reveals variability in the
NUV, optical and NIR band. Taken together, these unusual observations can be
explained by a giant outburst in the EUV--X-ray band, detected even in the
optical and NIR. The intense and variable iron, Helium and Balmer lines
represent the ``light echo'' of the flare, as it traveled through circumnuclear
material. The outburst may have been caused by the tidal disruption of a star
by a supermassive black hole. Spectroscopic surveys such as SDSS are well
suited to detect emission-line light echoes of such rare flare events.
Reverberation-mapping of these light echoes can then be used as a new and
efficient probe of the physical conditions in the circumnuclear material in
non-active or active galaxies.


title:
Outliers from the Mass--Metallicity Relation I: A Sample of Metal-Rich
  Dwarf Galaxies from SDSS

abstract:
  We have identified a sample of 41 low-mass high--oxygen abundance outliers
from the mass--metallicity relation of star-forming galaxies measured by
Tremonti et al (2004). These galaxies, which have 8.6 < [12 + log(O/H)] < 9.3
over a range of -14.4 > M_B > -19.1 and 7.4 < log M_*/M_solar < 10, are
surprisingly non-pathological. They have typical specific star formation rates,
are fairly isolated and, with few exceptions, have no obvious companions.
Morphologically, they are similar to dwarf spheroidal or dwarf elliptical
galaxies. We predict that their observed high oxygen abundances are due to
relatively low gas masses, concluding that these are transitional dwarf
galaxies nearing the end of their star formation activity.


title: The Self-Regulated Growth of Supermassive Black Holes

abstract:
  We present a series of simulations of the self--regulated growth of
supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galaxies via three different fueling
mechanisms: major mergers, minor mergers, and disk instabilities. The SMBHs in
all three scenarios follow the same black hole fundamental plane (BHFP) and
correlation with bulge binding energy seen in simulations of major mergers, and
observed locally. Furthermore, provided that the total gas supply is
significantly larger than the mass of the SMBH, its limiting mass is not
influenced by the amount of gas available or the efficiency of black hole
growth. This supports the assertion that SMBHs accrete until they reach a
critical mass at which feedback is sufficient to unbind the gas locally,
terminating the inflow and stalling further growth. At the same time, while
minor and major mergers follow the same projected correlations (e.g., the
$M_{BH}-\sigma$ and Magorrian relations), SMBHs grown via disk instabilities do
not, owing to structural differences between the host bulges. This finding is
supported by recent observations of SMBHs in pseudobulges and bulges in barred
systems, as compared to those hosted by classical bulges. Taken together, this
provides support for the BHFP and binding energy correlations as being more
"fundamental" than other proposed correlations in that they reflect the
physical mechanism driving the co-evolution of SMBHs and spheroids.


title: Constrained systems and the Clairaut equation

abstract:
  An extension of the Legendre transform to non-convex functions with vanishing
Hessian as a mix of envelope and general solutions of the Clairaut equation is
proposed. Applying this to systems with constraints, the procedure of finding a
Hamiltonian for a degenerate Lagrangian is just that of solving a corresponding
Clairaut equation with a subsequent application of the proposed
Legendre-Clairaut transformation. In this way the unconstrained version of
Hamiltonian equations is obtained. The Legendre-Clairaut transformation
presented is involutive. We demonstrate the origin of the Dirac primary
constraints, along with their explicit form, and this is done without using the
Lagrange multiplier method.


title: Closure Phase Signatures of Planet Transit Events

abstract:
  Planet transit events present as attractive targets for the
ultra-high-resolution capabilities afforded by optical interferometers. Herein
is presented an evaluation of the possibility of detection of such events
through measurement of high-precision closure phases with the MIRC instrument
on the CHARA Array. Recovery of the transit position angle upon the sky appears
readily achievable with the existing capabilities of the instrument, along with
characterization of other system parameters, such as stellar radius, planet
radius, and other parameters of the transit event. This technique is the only
one presently available that can provide a transiting planet's orbital plane
position angle, and can directly determine the planet's radius independent of
any outside observations, appearing able to improve substantially upon other
determinations of that radius. Additional directly observed parameters - also
not dependent upon transit photometry or spectroscopy - include impact
parameter, transit ingress time, transit velocity and stellar radius.


title:
Critical Dopant Concentration in Polyacetylene and Phase Diagram from a
  Continuous Four-Fermi Model

abstract:
  The Optimized Perturbation Theory (OPT) method, at finite temperature and
finite chemical potential, is applied to the field theory model for
polyacetylene. The critical dopant concentration in trans-polyacetylene is
evaluated and compared with the available experimental data and with previous
calculations. The results obtained within the OPT go beyond the standard mean
field (or large-N) approximation (MFA) by explicitly including finite N
effects. A critical analysis of the possible theoretical prescriptions to
implement and interpret these corrections to the mean field results, given the
available data, is given. For typical temperatures probed in the laboratory,
our results show that the critical dopant concentration is only weakly affected
by thermal effects.

categories: cond-mat.soft cond-mat.str-el hep-ph hep-th


title: Supersymmetric Higgs Bosons in Weak Boson Fusion

abstract:
  We compute the complete supersymmetric next-to-leading order corrections to
the production of a light Higgs boson in weak boson fusion. The size of the
electroweak corrections is of similar order as the next-to-leading order
corrections in the Standard Model. The supersymmetric QCD corrections turn out
to be significantly smaller than their electroweak counterparts. These
higher--order corrections are an important ingredient to a precision analysis
of the (supersymmetric) Higgs sector at the LHC, either as a known correction
factor or as a contribution to the theory error.


title:
Two-dimensional PIC simulations of ion-beam instabilities in
  Supernova-driven plasma flows

abstract:
  Supernova remnant (SNR) blast shells can reach the flow speed $v_s = 0.1 c$
and shocks form at its front. Instabilities driven by shock-reflected ion beams
heat the plasma in the foreshock, which may inject particles into diffusive
acceleration. The ion beams can have the speed $v_b \approx v_s$. For $v_b \ll
v_s$ the Buneman or upper-hybrid instabilities dominate, while for $v_b \gg
v_s$ the filamentation and mixed modes grow faster. Here the relevant waves for
$v_b \approx v_s$ are examined and how they interact nonlinearly with the
particles. The collision of two plasma clouds at the speed $v_s$ is modelled
with particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, which convect with them magnetic
fields oriented perpendicular to their flow velocity vector. One simulation
models equally dense clouds and the other one uses a density ratio of 2. Both
simulations show upper-hybrid waves that are planar over large spatial
intervals and that accelerate electrons to $\sim$ 10 keV. The symmetric
collision yields only short oscillatory wave pulses, while the asymmetric
collision also produces large-scale electric fields, probably through a
magnetic pressure gradient. The large-scale fields destroy the electron phase
space holes and they accelerate the ions, which facilitates the formation of a
precursor shock.


title:
Density Functional Theory for non-relativistic Fermions in the Unitarity
  Limit

abstract:
  We derive an energy density functional for non-relativistic spin one-half
fermions in the limit of a divergent two-body scattering length. Using an
epsilon expansion around d=4-epsilon spatial dimensions we compute the
coefficient of the leading correction beyond the local density approximation
(LDA). In the case of N fermionic atoms trapped in a harmonic potential this
correction has the form E=E_(LDA)(1+c_s (3N)^(-2/3)), where E_(LDA) is the
total energy in LDA approximation. At next-to-leading order in the epsilon
expansion we find c_s=1.68, which is significantly larger than the result for
non-interacting fermions, c_s=0.5.


title: Axisymmetric evolution of Einstein equations and mass conservation

abstract:
  For axisymmetric evolution of isolated systems, we prove that there exists a
gauge such that the total mass can be written as a positive definite integral
on the spacelike hypersurfaces of the foliation and the integral is constant
along the evolution. The conserved mass integral controls the square of the
extrinsic curvature and the square of first derivatives of the intrinsic
metric. We also discuss applications of this result for the global existence
problem in axial symmetry.


title:
Large Number, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and the Superstructures in the
  Universe (with Extension)

abstract:
  Since there are dark matter particles (neutrino) with mass about 10^(-1)eV in
the universe, the superstructures with a scale of 10^(19) solar mass [large
number A is about 10^(19)] appeared around the era of the hydrogen
recombination. The redshift z distributions of quasars support the existence of
superstructures. Since there are superstructures in the universe, it is not
necessary for the hypothesis of dark energy. While neutrino is related to
electro-weak field, the fourth stable elementary particles (delta particle)
with mass about 10^(0)eV to 10^(1)eV is related to gravitation-"strong" field,
which suggests p + anti(p)--> n/anti(n) + anti(delta particle)/(delta particle)
and that some new meta-stable baryons appeared near the TeV region. Therefore,
a twofold standard model diagram is proposed, and related to many experiment
phenomena: The new meta-stable baryons' decays produce delta particles, which
are helpful to explain the Dijet asymmetry phenomena at LHC of CERN, the
different results for the Fermilab's data peak, etc; However, according to the
(B-L) invariance, the sterile "neutrino" from "the event excess in MiniBooNe"
can not be the fourth neutrino but rather the delta particle; We think that the
delta particles are related to the phenomenon about neutrinos FTL, and that
anti-neutrinos are faster than neutrinos. FTL is also related to the cosmic
inflation, singular point disappearance, and abnormal red shift of SN Ia. Some
experiments and observations are suggested. In the Extension section, we
clarify "mass tree", our finite universe, cosmic dual expansions, dual SM etc.
And the LHC can look for new particles with decay products graviton/delta
particle and new interaction indeed.


title:
Convergence and Stability of the Inverse Scattering Series for Diffuse
  Waves

abstract:
  We analyze the inverse scattering series for diffuse waves in random media.
In previous work the inverse series was used to develop fast, direct image
reconstruction algorithms in optical tomography. Here we characterize the
convergence, stability and approximation error of the series


title: Volume estimates for equiangular hyperbolic Coxeter polyhedra

abstract:
  An equiangular hyperbolic Coxeter polyhedron is a hyperbolic polyhedron where
all dihedral angles are equal to \pi/n for some fixed integer n at least 2. It
is a consequence of Andreev's theorem that either n=3 and the polyhedron has
all ideal vertices or that n=2. Volume estimates are given for all equiangular
hyperbolic Coxeter polyhedra.


title: Weak Interaction and Cosmology

abstract:
  In this paper we examine the connection among the themes: the cosmological
constant, the weak interaction and the neutrino mass. Our main propose is to
review and modify the ideas first proposed by Hayakawa [ Prog. Theor.
Phys.Suppl.,532(1965).], in the light of the new-fashioned features of
contemporary physics. Assuming the pressure of a Fermi gas of neutrinos should
be balanced by its gravitational attraction, we evaluate the mass of the
background neutrino and its number.The neutrino mass here evaluated is
compatible with the known value for the cosmological constant (or dark
energy).Taking in account the role played by the weak forces experimented by
the neutrinos, we also determined a value for the electroweak mixing angle. For
sake of comparison, an alternative evaluation of the neutrino mass is also
done.


title:
Generation of arbitrary Fock states via resonant interactions in cavity
  QED

abstract:
  We propose a scheme to generate arbitrary Fock states |N> in a cavity QED
using N resonant Rydberg atoms. The atom-field interaction times are controlled
via Stark-shifts adjusted in a way that each atom transfers a photon to the
cavity, turning atomic detections useless. Fluctuations affecting the control
of the atom-field interactions are also considered.


title: Properties of the hole and electron doped perovskites LnCoO3

abstract:
  Two extreme members of the cobaltite series, LaCoO3 and DyCoO3, were
investigated by the electrical resistivity and thermopower measurements up to
800-1000 K. Special attention was given to effects of extra holes or electrons,
introduced by light doping of Co sites by Mg2+ or Ti4+ ions. The experiments on
the La based compounds were complemented with magnetic measurements. The study
shows that both kinds of charge carriers induce magnetic states on surrounding
CoIII sites and form thus thermally stable polarons of large total spin. Their
itinerancy is characterized by low temperature resistivity, which is of
Arrhenius type r~exp(EA/kT) for the hole (CoIV) doped samples, while an unusual
dependence r~1/Tn (n=8-10) is observed for the electron (CoII) doped samples.
At higher temperatures, additional hole carriers are massively populated in the
CoIII background, leading to a resistivity drop. This transition become evident
at ~300 K and 450 K and culminates at TI-M=540 and 780 K for the La and Dy
based samples, respectively.
  The electronic behaviours of the cobaltites are explained considering two
excitation processes in parent compounds. The first one is related to a local
excitation from the diamagnetic LS CoIII to close-lying paramagnetic HS CoIII
state. Secondarily, a metallic phase of the IS CoIII character is formed
through a charge transfer mechanism between LS/HS pairs. The magnetic polarons
associated with doped carriers are interpreted as droplets of such IS phase.


title:
Effect of spatial resolution on the estimates of the coherence length of
  excitons in quantum wells

abstract:
  We evaluate the effect of diffraction-limited resolution of the optical
system on the estimates of the coherence length of 2D excitons deduced from the
interferometric study of the exciton emission. The results are applied for
refining our earlier estimates of the coherence length of a cold gas of
indirect excitons in coupled quantum wells [S. Yang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett.
97, 187402(2006)]. We show that the apparent coherence length is well
approximated by the quadratic sum of the actual exciton coherence length and
the diffraction correction given by the conventional Abbe limit divided by
3.14. In practice, accounting for diffraction is necessary only when the
coherence length is smaller than about one wavelength. The earlier conclusions
regarding the strong enhancement of the exciton coherence length at low
temperatures remain intact.


title: Partial teleportation of entangled atomic states

abstract:
  In this paper we propose a scheme for partially teleporting entangled atomic
states. Our scheme can be implemented using only four two-level atoms
interacting either resonantly or off-resonantly with a single cavity-QED. The
estimative of losses occurring during this partial teleportation process is
accomplished through the phenomenological operator approach technique.


title:
Undetected Higgs decays and neutrino masses in gauge mediated, lepton
  number violating models

abstract:
  We discuss SUSY models in which renormalizable lepton number violating
couplings hide the decay of the Higgs through h -> \chi_1^0 + \chi_1^0 followed
by \chi_1^0 -> \tau + 2 jets or \chi_1^0 -> \nu_\tau + 2 jets and also explain
neutrino masses. This mechanism can be made compatible with gauge mediated SUSY
breaking.


title: Upper and lower bounds to the eigenvalues of an anharmonic oscillator

abstract:
  We obtain tight upper and lower bounds to the eigenvalues of an anharmonic
oscillator with a rational potential. We compare our bounds with results given
by other approaches.


title: The core of ideals in arbitrary characteristic

abstract:
  We prove formulas for the core of ideals that apply in arbitrary
characteristic.


title: Optimal Dynamical Decoherence Control of a Qubit

abstract:
  A theory of dynamical control by modulation for optimal decoherence reduction
is developed. It is based on the non-Markovian Euler-Lagrange equation for the
energy-constrained field that minimizes the average dephasing rate of a qubit
for any given dephasing spectrum.


title:
On the Loss of Compactness in the Vectorial Heteroclinic Connection
  Problem

abstract:
  We give an alternative proof of the theorem of Alikakos-Fusco [AF] concerning
existence of heteroclinic solutions to a Hamiltonian ODE system on the whole
real line which arises in the theory of phase transitions. Our method is
variational but differs from the original artificial constraint method of [AF]
and establishes existence by analysing the loss of compactness in minimising
sequences of the action in the appropriate functional space. Our assumptions
are slightly different from those considered previously and also imply a priori
estimates for the solution.


title: Evolution in the Disks and Bulges of Group Galaxies since z=0.4

abstract:
  We present quantitative morphology measurements of a sample of optically
selected group galaxies at 0.3 < z < 0.55 using the Hubble Space Telescope
(HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) and the GIM2D surface
brightness--fitting software package. The group sample is derived from the
Canadian Network for Observational Cosmology Field Redshift survey (CNOC2) and
follow-up Magellan spectroscopy. We compare these measurements to a similarly
selected group sample from the Millennium Galaxy Catalogue (MGC) at 0.05 < z <
0.12. We find that, at both epochs, the group and field fractional bulge
luminosity (B/T) distributions differ significantly, with the dominant
difference being a deficit of disk--dominated (B/T < 0.2) galaxies in the group
samples. At fixed luminosity, z=0.4 groups have ~ 5.5 +/- 2 % fewer
disk--dominated galaxies than the field, while by z=0.1 this difference has
increased to ~ 19 +/- 6 %. Despite the morphological evolution we see no
evidence that the group environment is actively perturbing or otherwise
affecting the entire existing disk population. At both redshifts, the disks of
group galaxies have similar scaling relations and show similar median
asymmetries as the disks of field galaxies. We do find evidence that the
fraction of highly asymmetric, bulge--dominated galaxies is 6 +/- 3 % higher in
groups than in the field, suggesting there may be enhanced merging in group
environments. We replicate our group samples at z=0.4 and z=0 using the
semi-analytic galaxy catalogues of Bower et al (2006). This model accurately
reproduces the B/T distributions of the group and field at z=0.1. However, the
model does not reproduce our finding that the deficit of disks in groups has
increased significantly since z=0.4.


title: Projective background of the infinitesimal rigidity of frameworks

abstract:
  We present proofs of two classical theorems. The first one, due to Darboux
and Sauer, states that infinitesimal rigidity is a projective invariant; the
other one establishes relations (infinitesimal Pogorelov maps) between the
infinitesimal motions of a Euclidean framework and of its hyperbolic and
spherical images.
  The arguments use the static formulation of infinitesimal rigidity. The
duality between statics and kinematics is established through the principles of
virtual work. A geometric approach to statics, due essentially to Grassmann,
makes both theorems straightforward. Besides, it provides a simple derivation
of the formulas both for the Darboux-Sauer correspondence and for the
infinitesimal Pogorelov maps.


title:
Advanced Forward Modeling and Inversion of Stokes Profiles Resulting
  from the Joint Action of the Hanle and Zeeman Effects

abstract:
  A big challenge in solar and stellar physics in the coming years will be to
decipher the magnetism of the solar outer atmosphere (chromosphere and corona)
along with its dynamic coupling with the magnetic fields of the underlying
photosphere. To this end, it is important to develop rigorous diagnostic tools
for the physical interpretation of spectropolarimetric observations in suitably
chosen spectral lines. Here we present a computer program for the synthesis and
inversion of Stokes profiles caused by the joint action of atomic level
polarization and the Hanle and Zeeman effects in some spectral lines of
diagnostic interest, such as those of the He I 10830 A and D_3 multiplets. It
is based on the quantum theory of spectral line polarization, which takes into
account all the relevant physical mechanisms and ingredients (optical pumping,
atomic level polarization, Zeeman, Paschen-Back and Hanle effects). The
influence of radiative transfer on the emergent spectral line radiation is
taken into account through a suitable slab model. The user can either calculate
the emergent intensity and polarization for any given magnetic field vector or
infer the dynamical and magnetic properties from the observed Stokes profiles
via an efficient inversion algorithm based on global optimization methods. The
reliability of the forward modeling and inversion code presented here is
demonstrated through several applications, which range from the inference of
the magnetic field vector in solar active regions to determining whether or not
it is canopy-like in quiet chromospheric regions. This user-friendly diagnostic
tool called "HAZEL" (from HAnle and ZEeman Light) is offered to the
astrophysical community, with the hope that it will facilitate new advances in
solar and stellar physics.


title: Duality, Ancestral and Diffusion Processes in Models with Selection

abstract:
  The ancestral selection graph in population genetics was introduced by
KroneNeuhauser (1997) as an analogue of the coalescent genealogy of a sample of
genes from a neutrally evolving population. The number of particles in this
graph, followed backwards in time, is a birth and death process with quadratic
death and linear birth rates. In this paper an explicit form of the probability
distribution of the number of particles is obtained by using the density of the
allele frequency in the corresponding diffusion model obtained by Kimura
(1955). It is shown that the process of fixation of the allele in the diffusion
model corresponds to convergence of the ancestral process to its stationary
measure. The time to fixation of the allele conditional on fixation is studied
in terms of the ancestral process.


title: The Conformal Penrose Limit: Back to Square One

abstract:
  We show that the conformal Penrose limit is an ordinary plane wave limit in a
higher dimensional framework which resolves the spacetime singularity. The
higher dimensional framework is provided by Ricci-flat manifolds which are of
the form M_D = M_d x B, where M_d is an Einstein spacetime that has a negative
cosmological constant and admits a spacelike conformal Killing vector, and B is
a complete Sasaki-Einstein space with constant sectional curvature. We define
the Kaluza-Klein metric of M_D through the conformal Killing potential of M_d
and prove that M_d has a conformal Penrose limit if and only if M_D has an
ordinary plane wave limit. Further properties of the limit are discussed.


title: When is a Connection a Levi-Civita Connection?

abstract:
  We consider the more general question as to when a connection is a metric
connection. There are two aspects to this investigation: first, the
determination of the integrability conditions that ensure the existence of a
local parallel metric in the neighbourhood of a given point and second, the
characterization of the topological obstruction to a globally defined parallel
metric.


title: A Critique of a Polynomial-time SAT Solver Devised by Sergey Gubin

abstract:
  This paper refutes the validity of the polynomial-time algorithm for solving
satisfiability proposed by Sergey Gubin. Gubin introduces the algorithm using
3-SAT and eventually expands it to accept a broad range of forms of the Boolean
satisfiability problem. Because 3-SAT is NP-complete, the algorithm would have
implied P = NP, had it been correct. Additionally, this paper refutes the
correctness of his polynomial-time reduction of SAT to 2-SAT.


title: Four Properties of Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces

abstract:
  A reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) has four well-known easily derived
properties. Since these properties are usually not emphasized as a simple means
of gaining insight into RKHS structure, they are singled out and proved in this
brief article.


title:
Information Resources in High-Energy Physics: Surveying the Present
  Landscape and Charting the Future Course

abstract:
  Access to previous results is of paramount importance in the scientific
process. Recent progress in information management focuses on building
e-infrastructures for the optimization of the research workflow, through both
policy-driven and user-pulled dynamics. For decades, High-Energy Physics (HEP)
has pioneered innovative solutions in the field of information management and
dissemination. In light of a transforming information environment, it is
important to assess the current usage of information resources by researchers
and HEP provides a unique test-bed for this assessment. A survey of about 10%
of practitioners in the field reveals usage trends and information needs.
Community-based services, such as the pioneering arXiv and SPIRES systems,
largely answer the need of the scientists, with a limited but increasing
fraction of younger users relying on Google. Commercial services offered by
publishers or database vendors are essentially unused in the field. The survey
offers an insight into the most important features that users require to
optimize their research workflow. These results inform the future evolution of
information management in HEP and, as these researchers are traditionally
``early adopters'' of innovation in scholarly communication, can inspire
developments of disciplinary repositories serving other communities.


title:
A relaxation function encompassing the stretched exponential and the
  compressed hyperbola

abstract:
  A simple relaxation function I(t/tauzero; alpha, beta) unifying the stretched
exponential with the compressed hyperbola is obtained, and its properties
studied. The scaling parameter tauzero has dimensions of time, whereas the
shape-determining parameters alpha and beta are dimensionless, both taking
values between 0 and 1. For short times, the relaxation function is always
exponential, with time constant tauzero. For small values of alpha, the
function is close to exponential for all times, irrespective of beta. The
function is also close to an exponential when beta is near unity, irrespective
of alpha. For large values of alpha and long times, the function is close to a
stretched exponential, provided that beta>0. The compressed hyperbola is
recovered for beta=0.


title:
Propagation of Squeezed Vacuum under Electromagnetically Induced
  Transparency

abstract:
  We experimentally and theoretically analyze the transmission of
continuous-wave and pulsed squeezed vacuum through rubidium vapor under the
conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency. Frequency- and
time-domain homodyne tomography is used to measure the quadrature noise and
reconstruct the quantum states of the transmitted light. A simple theoretical
model explains the spectrum and degradation of the transmitted squeezing with
high precision.


title:
Hierarchical Spherical Model as a Viscosity Limit of Corresponding
  O(N)Heisenberg Model

abstract:
  The O(N) Heisenberg and spherical models with interaction given by the long
range hierarchical Laplacean are investigated. Two classical results are
adapted. The Kac--Thompson solution [KT] of the spherical model, which holds
for spacially homogeneous interaction, is firstly extended to hierarchical
model whose interaction fails to be translation invariant. Then, the
convergence proof of O(N) Heisenberg to the spherical model by Kunz and Zumbach
[KZ] is extended to the long range hierarchical interaction. We also examine
whether these results can be carried over as the size of the hierarchical block
L goes to 1. These extensions are considered a preliminary study prior the
investigation of the model by renormalization group given in [MCG] where
central limit theorems for the spherical (N=\infty) model on the local
potential approximation (L\downarrow 1) are then established from an explicit
solution of the associate nonlinear first order partial differential equation.


title:
Phase Separation in Bose-Fermi-Fermi Mixtures as a Probe of Fermi
  Superfluidity

abstract:
  We study the phase diagram of a mixture of Bose-Einstein condensate and a
two-component Fermi gas. In particular, we identify the regime where the
homogeneous system becomes unstable against phase separation. We show that,
under proper conditions, the phase separation phenomenon can be exploited as a
robust probe of Fermi superfluid.


title: Spin-selective localization due to intrinsic spin-orbit coupling

abstract:
  We study spin-dependent diffusive transport in the presence of a tunable
spin-orbit (SO) interaction in a two-dimensional electron system. The spin
precession of an electron in the SO coupling field is expressed in terms of a
covariant curvature, affecting the quantum interference between different
electronic trajectories. Controlling this curvature field by modulating the SO
coupling strength and its gradients by, e.g., electric or elastic means, opens
intriguing possibilities for exploring spin-selective localization physics. In
particular, applying a weak magnetic field allows the control of the electron
localization independently for two spin directions, with the spin-quantization
axis that could be "engineered" by appropriate SO interaction gradients.


title: Discrete surfaces of constant mean curvature

abstract:
  We propose a unified definition for discrete analogues of constant mean
curvature surfaces in spaces of constant curvature as a special case of
discrete special isothermic nets. B\"acklund transformations and Lawson's
correspondence are discussed. It is shown that the definition generalizes
previous definitions and a construction for discrete cmc surfaces of revolution
in space forms is provided.


title: Correlated Link Shadow Fading in Multi-hop Wireless Networks

abstract:
  Accurate representation of the physical layer is required for analysis and
simulation of multi-hop networking in sensor, ad hoc, and mesh networks. This
paper investigates, models, and analyzes the correlations that exist in shadow
fading between links in multi-hop networks. Radio links that are geographically
proximate often experience similar environmental shadowing effects and thus
have correlated fading. We describe a measurement procedure and campaign to
measure a large number of multi-hop networks in an ensemble of environments.
The measurements show statistically significant correlations among shadowing
experienced on different links in the network, with correlation coefficients up
to 0.33. We propose a statistical model for the shadowing correlation between
link pairs which shows strong agreement with the measurements, and we compare
the new model with an existing shadowing correlation model of Gudmundson
(1991). Finally, we analyze multi-hop paths in three and four node networks
using both correlated and independent shadowing models and show that
independent shadowing models can underestimate the probability of route failure
by a factor of two or greater.


title: Subgroup theorem for valuated groups and the CSA property

abstract:
  A valuated group with normal forms is a group with an integer-valued length
function satisfying some Lyndon's axioms and an additional axiom considered by
Hurley. We prove a subgroup theorem for valuated groups with normal forms
analogous to Grushko-Neumann's theorem. We study also the CSA property in such
groups.


title: Holographic QCD beyond the leading order

abstract:
  We consider a holographic QCD model for light mesons beyond the leading order
in the context of 5-dim gauged linear sigma model on the interval in the
AdS$_5$ space. We include two dimension-6 operators in addition to the
canonical bulk kinetic terms, and study chiral dynamics of $\pi$, $\rho$, $a_1$
and some of their KK modes. As novel features of dim-6 operators, we get
non-vanishing Br$(a_1 \to \pi \gamma)$, the electromagnetic form factor and the
charge radius of a charged pion, which improve the leading order results
significantly and agree well with the experimental results.


title:
Continuum Scaling from Large Mass Expansion on the Lattice: Delta
  Expansion Applied to the Anharmonic Oscillator

abstract:
  We dilate the scaling region of the lattice anharmonic oscillator at strong
coupling by introducing the parameter delta. Performing expansion in delta, the
calculation of the mass gap in the continuum limit via the series expansion
effective at large lattice spacings is then studied. We show that the dilation
on the mass parameter M recovers the scaling behavior of the hopping parameter
beta and allows for precise approximation of the mass gap.


title:
Electronic Structures of Fe$_{3-x}V$_x$Si Probed by Photoemission
  Spectroscopy

abstract:
  The electronic structures of the Heusler type compounds Fe$_{3-x}V$_x$Si in
the concentration range between x = 0 and x = 1 have been probed by
photoemission spectroscopy (PES). The observed shift of Si 2p core- level and
the main valence band structres indicate a chemical potential shift to higher
energy with increasing x. It is also clarified that the density of state at
Fermi edge is owing to the collaboration of V 3d and Fe 3d derived states.
Besides the decrease of the spectral intensity near Fermi edge with increasing
x suggests the formation of pseudo gap at large x.


title: Analytic calculation of quasi-normal modes

abstract:
  We discuss the analytic calculation of quasi-normal modes of various types of
perturbations of black holes both in asymptotically flat and anti-de Sitter
spaces. We obtain asymptotic expressions and also show how corrections can be
calculated perturbatively. We pay special attention to low-frequency modes in
anti-de Sitter space because they govern the hydrodynamic properties of a gauge
theory fluid according to the AdS/CFT correspondence. The latter may have
experimental consequencies for the quark-gluon plasma formed in heavy ion
collisions.


title:
The $\hat{\Gamma}$-genus and a regularization of an $S^1$-equivariant
  Euler class

abstract:
  We show that a new multiplicative genus, in the sense of Hirzebruch, can be
obtained by generalizing a calculation due to Atiyah and Witten. We introduce
this as the $\hat{\Gamma}$-genus, compute its value for some examples and
highlight some of its interesting properties. We also indicate a connection
with the study of multiple zeta values, which gives an algebraic interpretation
for our proposed regularization procedure.


title:
The Taylor expansion of Ruelle L-function at the origin and the Borel
  regulator

abstract:
  We will prove that Ruelle L-function for a cuspidal local system on an odd
dimensional hyperbolic manifold with finite volume satisfies a functional
equation and an analog of the Riemann hypothesis. We will also compute its
Laurent expansion at the origin and will prove that the second coefficient
coincides with a rational multiple of the volume up to a certain contribution
from cusps. Moreover if the dimension is three we will identify the leading
coefficient. Both of them will be intepreted by the Borel regulator in
algebraic K-theory. Also a relation with the L^2-torsion will be discussed.


title: Time-Distance Modelling In A Simulated Sunspot Atmosphere

abstract:
  One of the main uncertainties associated with time-distance measurements is
how to interpret observations made in regions of strong magnetic field as
isolating the effects of the magnetic field from thermal or sound-speed
perturbations has proved to be quite complex. One possible way to decouple
these effects is by using a 3D sunspot model, with a surrounding stratified,
quiet-Sun atmosphere to model the magneto-acoustic ray propagation, and analyze
the resulting ray travel-time perturbations that will directly account for the
magnetic field. These artificial travel-time perturbation profiles have
provided us with several related but distinct observations: i) that strong
surface magnetic fields have a dual effect on helioseismic rays -- increasing
their skip distance while at the same time speeding them up considerably
compared to their quiet-Sun counterparts, ii) there is a clear and significant
frequency dependence of both skip-distance and travel-time perturbations across
the simulated sunspot radius, iii) the negative sign and magnitude of these
perturbations appears to be directly related to the sunspot magnetic-field
strength and inclination, iv) by ``switching off'' the magnetic field inside
the sunspot, we are able to completely isolate the thermal component of the
travel-time perturbations observed, which is seen to be both opposite in sign
and much smaller in magnitude than those measured when the magnetic field is
present. These results tend to suggest that purely thermal perturbations are
unlikely to be the main effect seen in travel times through sunspots and that
strong, near-surface magnetic fields may be directly and significantly altering
the magnitude and lateral extent of sound-speed inversions of sunspots made by
time-distance helioseismology.


title: Far-from-equilibrium transport with constrained resources

abstract:
  The totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) is a well studied
example of far-from-equilibrium dynamics. Here, we consider a TASEP with open
boundaries but impose a global constraint on the total number of particles. In
other words, the boundary reservoirs and the system must share a finite supply
of particles. Using simulations and analytic arguments, we obtain the average
particle density and current of the system, as a function of the boundary rates
and the total number of particles. Our findings are relevant to biological
transport problems if the availability of molecular motors becomes a
rate-limiting factor.


title: Covering shadows with a smaller volume

abstract:
  For each i = 1, ..., n constructions are given for convex bodies K and L in
n-dimensional Euclidean space such that each rank i orthogonal projection of K
can be translated inside the corresponding projection of L, even though K has
strictly larger m-th intrinsic volumes (i.e. V_m(K) > V_m(L)) for all m > i.
  It is then shown that, for each i = 1, ..., n, there is a class of bodies
C{n,i}, called i-cylinder bodies of R^n, such that, if the body L with
i-dimensional covering shadows is an i-cylinder body, then K will have smaller
n-volume than L.
  The families C{n,i} are shown to form a strictly increasing chain of subsets
C{n,1} < C{n,2} < ... < C{n,n-1} < C{n,n}, where C{n,1} is precisely the
collection of centrally symmetric compact convex sets in n-dimensional space,
while C{n,n} is the collection of all compact convex sets in n-dimensional
space. Members of each family C{n,i} are seen to play a fundamental role in
relating covering conditions for projections to the theory of mixed volumes,
and members of C{n,i} are shown to satisfy certain geometric inequalities.
Related open questions are also posed.


title:
Angular Diameters of the G Subdwarf $\mu$ Cassiopeiae A and the K Dwarfs
  $\sigma$ Draconis and HR 511 from Interferometric Measurements with the CHARA
  Array

abstract:
  Using the longest baselines of the CHARA Array, we have measured the angular
diameter of the G5 V subdwarf $\mu$ Cas A, the first such determination for a
halo population star. We compare this result to new diameters for the higher
metallicity K0 V stars, $\sigma$ Dra and HR 511, and find that the metal-poor
star, $\mu$ Cas A, has an effective temperature ($T_{\rm eff}=5297\pm32$ K),
radius ($R=0.791\pm0.008 R_{\rm \odot}$), and absolute luminosity
($L=0.442\pm0.014 L_{\rm \odot}$) comparable to the other two stars with later
spectral types. We show that stellar models show a discrepancy in the predicted
temperature and radius for $\mu$ Cas A, and we discuss these results and how
they provide a key to understanding the fundamental relationships for stars
with low metallicity.


title: Black Hole Thermodynamics and Lorentz Symmetry

abstract:
  Recent developments point to a breakdown in the generalized second law of
thermodynamics for theories with Lorentz symmetry violation. It appears
possible to construct a perpetual motion machine of the second kind in such
theories, using a black hole to catalyze the conversion of heat to work. Here
we describe and extend the arguments leading to that conclusion. We suggest the
inference that local Lorentz symmetry may be an emergent property of the
macroscopic world with origins in a microscopic second law of causal horizon
thermodynamics.


title: Hilbert Transform: A New Integral Formula

abstract:
  We give a number new examples analytically and numerically to confirm the
Kohler conjecture. It turned out that for a rather large class of nonnegative
functions the equality (A) hold.


title: An Exceptional Representation of Sp(4,F_q)

abstract:
  We describe a folklore construction of an exceptional representation of
Sp(4,F_q). This representation has the following remarkable combination of
properties, namely it is cuspidal, degenerate and unipotent.


title: Neutron-scattering study of spin correlations in La1.94-xSrxCe0.06CuO4

abstract:
  We performed a neutron-scattering experiment to investigate the effect of
distortion of CuO2 planes on the low-energy spin correlation of
La1.94-xSrxCe0.06CuO4 (LSCCO). Due to the carrier-compensation effect by
co-doping of Sr and Ce, LSCCO has a smaller orthorhombic lattice distortion
compared to La2-xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) with comparable hole concentration p. A clear
gap with the edge-energy of 6~7 meV was observed in the energy spectrum of
local dynamical susceptibility c"(w) for both x=0.18 (p~0.14) and x=0.24
(p~0.20) samples as observed for optimally-doped LSCO (x=0.15~0.18). For the
x=0.14 (p~0.10) sample, in addition to the gap-like structure in c"(w) we
observed a low-energy component within the gap which develops below 2~3meV with
decreasing the energy. The low-energy component possibly coincides with the
static magnetic correlation observed in this sample. These results are
discussed from a view point of relationship between the stability of low-energy
spin fluctuations and the distortion of CuO2 planes.


title:
Entropy function and higher derivative corrections to entropies in
  (anti-)de Sitter space

abstract:
  We first briefly discuss the relation between black hole thermodynamics and
the entropy function formalism. We find that an equation which governs the
relationship between Sen's entropy function and black hole entropy, can quickly
give higher order corrections to entropy of pure (anti-) de Sitter space
without knowing the corrected metric. We also show that near horizon geometry
and the entropy function extremization is no longer required for pure (anti-)de
Sitter space. The entropy of (anti-)de Sitter space and Schwarzschild-(anti-)
de Sitter black holes together with Gauss-Bonnet terms, $R^2$ terms and $R^4$
terms are calculated as concrete examples.


title:
Anisotropic scattering in angular-dependent magnetoresistance
  oscillations of quasi-2D and quasi-1D metals: beyond the relaxation-time
  approximation

abstract:
  The electrical resistivity for a current moving perpendicular to layers
(chains) in quasi-2D (quasi-1D) metals under an applied magnetic field of
varying orientation is studied using Boltzmann transport theory. We consider
the simplest non-trivial quasi-2D and quasi-1D Fermi surfaces but allow for an
arbitrary elastic collision integral (i.e., a scattering probability with
arbitrary dependence on momentum-transfer) and obtain an expression for the
resistivity which generalizes that previously found using a single
relaxation-time approximation. The dependence of the resistivity on the angle
between the magnetic field and current changes depending on the
momentum-dependence of the scattering probability. So, whereas zero-field
intra-layer transport is sensitive only to the momentum-averaged scattering
probability (the transport relaxation rate) the resistivity perpendicular to
layers measured in a tilted magnetic field provides detailed information about
the momentum-dependence of interlayer scattering. These results help clarify
the meaning of the relaxation rate determined from fits of angular-dependent
magnetoresistance oscillations (AMRO) experimental data to theoretical
expressions. Furthermore, we suggest how AMRO might be used to probe the
dominant scattering mechanism.


title: Beta-decay branching ratios of 62Ga

abstract:
  Beta-decay branching ratios of 62Ga have been measured at the IGISOL facility
of the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyvaskyla. 62Ga is one of
the heavier Tz = 0, 0+ -> 0+ beta-emitting nuclides used to determine the
vector coupling constant of the weak interaction and the Vud quark-mixing
matrix element. For part of the experimental studies presented here, the
JYFLTRAP facility has been employed to prepare isotopically pure beams of 62Ga.
The branching ratio obtained, BR= 99.893(24)%, for the super-allowed branch is
in agreement with previous measurements and allows to determine the ft value
and the universal Ft value for the super-allowed beta decay of 62Ga.


title: Structural stability of finite dispersion-relation preserving schemes

abstract:
  The goal of this work is to determine classes of travelling solitary wave
solutions for a differential approximation of a finite difference scheme by
means of a hyperbolic ansatz. It is shown that spurious solitary waves can
occur in finite-difference solutions of nonlinear wave equation. The occurance
of such a spurious solitary wave, which exhibits a very long life time, results
in a non-vanishing numerical error for arbitrary time in unbounded numerical
domain. Such a behavior is referred here to has a structural instability of the
scheme, since the space of solutions spanned by the numerical scheme
encompasses types of solutions (solitary waves in the present case) that are
not solution of the original continuous equations. This paper extends our
previous work about classical schemes to dispersion-relation preserving
schemes.


title:
Nonequilibrium Kubo Formula of Finite Conductor Connected to Reservoirs
  based on Keldysh Formalism

abstract:
  We show that the density matrix for a finite conductor attached to reservoirs
obtained by Keldysh formalism is of MacLennan-Zubarev form. On the basis of the
fact that the density matrix is the invariant part proposed by Zubarev, it is
shown that Keldysh formalism may describe the irreversible processes and
steady-state feature of the system. An important consequence of the
MacLennan-Zubarev form of the density matrix is a generalization of the Kubo
formula in a nonequilibrium case. On the basis of the result, we propose the
formula of shot noise and a nonequilibrium identity between differential
conductance, noise power and shot noise as a generalized Nyquist-Johnson
relation.


title: Generalized Modal Satisfiability

abstract:
  It is well known that modal satisfiability is PSPACE-complete (Ladner 1977).
However, the complexity may decrease if we restrict the set of propositional
operators used. Note that there exist an infinite number of propositional
operators, since a propositional operator is simply a Boolean function. We
completely classify the complexity of modal satisfiability for every finite set
of propositional operators, i.e., in contrast to previous work, we classify an
infinite number of problems. We show that, depending on the set of
propositional operators, modal satisfiability is PSPACE-complete,
coNP-complete, or in P. We obtain this trichotomy not only for modal formulas,
but also for their more succinct representation using modal circuits. We
consider both the uni-modal and the multi-modal case, and study the dual
problem of validity as well.


title:
Localization phenomena in Nonlinear Schrodinger equations with spatially
  inhomogeneous nonlinearities: Theory and applications to Bose-Einstein
  condensates

abstract:
  We study the properties of the ground state of Nonlinear Schr\"odinger
Equations with spatially inhomogeneous interactions and show that it
experiences a strong localization on the spatial region where the interactions
vanish. At the same time, tunneling to regions with positive values of the
interactions is strongly supressed by the nonlinear interactions and as the
number of particles is increased it saturates in the region of finite
interaction values. The chemical potential has a cutoff value in these systems
and thus takes values on a finite interval. The applicability of the phenomenon
to Bose-Einstein condensates is discussed in detail.


title: Toward a more realistic holographic QCD model

abstract:
  By matching the $Dp-Dq$ system in type II superstring theory with the Regge
trajectories of vector and axial-vector meson spectra, a possible 5-dimension
metric of a $Dp-Dq$ soft-wall model has been determined. The dependence of the
metric parameters on Regge trajectory parameters has been demonstrated. It is
shown that the models defined in $Dp$ brane background for $p=3$ or 4 can be
consistent with experimental data.


title:
Origin of "hot-spots" in the pseudogap regime of Nd(1.85)Ce(0.15)CuO(4):
  LDA+DMFT+Sigma_k study

abstract:
  Material specific electronic band structure of the electron-doped high-Tc
cuprate Nd(1.85)Ce(0.15)CuO(4) (NCCO) is calculated within the pseudo gap
regime, using the recently developed generalized LDA+DMFT+Sigma_k scheme.
LDA/DFT (density functional theory within local density approximation) provides
model parameters (hopping integral values, local Coulomb interaction strength)
for the one-band Hubbard model, which is solved by DMFT (dynamical mean-field
theory). To take into account pseudogap fluctuations LDA+DMFT is supplied with
"external" k-dependent self-energy Sigma_k, which describes interaction of
correlated conducting electrons with non-local Heisenberg-like
antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin fluctuations responsible for pseudo gap formation.
Within this LDA+DMFT+Sigma_k approach we demonstrate the formation of
pronounced "hot-spots" on the Fermi surface (FS) map in NCCO, opposite to our
recent calculations for Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8-d) (Bi2212), which have produced
rather extended region of FS "destruction". There are several physical reasons
for this fact: (i) the "hot-spots" in NCCO are located closer to Brillouin zone
center; (ii) correlation length of AFM fluctuations \xi is larger for NCCO;
(iii) pseudogap potential \Delta is stronger, than in Bi2212. Comparison of our
theoretical data with recent bulk sensitive high-energy angle-resolved
photoemission (ARPES) data for NCCO provides good semiquantitative agreement.
Based on that comparison alternative explanation of the van-Hove singularity at
-0.3 eV is proposed. Optical conductivity both for Bi2212 and NCCO is also
calculated within LDA+DMFT+Sigma_k and compared with experimental results,
demonstrating satisfactory agreement.


title: Convergence Rates of Nonparametric Posterior Distributions

abstract:
  We study the asymptotic behavior of posterior distributions. We present
general posterior convergence rate theorems, which extend several results on
posterior convergence rates provided by Ghosal and Van der Vaart (2000), Shen
and Wasserman (2001) and Walker, Lijor and Prunster (2007). Our main tools are
the Hausdorff $\alpha$-entropy introduced by Xing and Ranneby (2008) and a new
notion of prior concentration, which is a slight improvement of the usual prior
concentration provided by Ghosal and Van der Vaart (2000). We apply our results
to several statistical models.


title: Survivability of a star cluster in a dispersing molecular cloud

abstract:
  Star clusters are formed in molecular clouds which are believed to be the
birth places of most stars. From recent observational data, Lada & Lada 2003
estimated that only 4% to 7% of the clusters embedded inside molecular clouds
have survived. An important mechanism for the disruption of embedded
(bound)-clusters is the dispersion of the parent cloud by UV radiation, stellar
winds and/or supernova explosions. In this work we study the effect of this
mechanism by N-body simulations. We find that most embedded-clusters survive
for more than 30 Myr even when different initial conditions of the cluster may
introduce some minor variations, but the general result is rather robust.


title:
Design and Performance of a Practical Variable-Temperature Scanning
  Tunneling Potentiometry System

abstract:
  We have constructed a scanning tunneling potentiometry system capable of
simultaneously mapping the transport-related electrochemical potential of a
biased sample along with its surface topography. Combining a novel sample
biasing technique with a continuous current-nulling feedback scheme pushes the
noise performance of the measurement to its fundamental limit - the Johnson
noise of the STM tunnel junction. The resulting 130 nV voltage sensitivity
allows us to spatially resolve local potentials at scales down to 2 nm, while
maintaining angstrom scale STM imaging, all at scan sizes of up to 15 um. A
mm-range two-dimensional coarse positioning stage and the ability to operate
from liquid helium to room temperature with a fast turn-around time greatly
expand the versatility of the instrument. By performing studies of several
model systems, we discuss the implications of various types of surface
morphology for potentiometric measurements.


title: Non-analytic behavior of 2D itinerant ferromagnets

abstract:
  We consider an ordered ferromagnet in the vicinity of a T=0 transition into a
paramagnet. We show that the free energy and the transverse and longitudinal
static susceptibilities contain non-analyticities which destroy a continuous
second-order transition. Depending on the parameters, the transition either
becomes first-order, or occurs via an intermediate spiral phase.