title: Decay of the Maxwell field on the Schwarzschild manifold

abstract:
  We study solutions of the decoupled Maxwell equations in the exterior region
of a Schwarzschild black hole. In stationary regions, where the Schwarzschild
coordinate $r$ ranges over $2M < r_1 < r < r_2$, we obtain a decay rate of
$t^{-1}$ for all components of the Maxwell field. We use vector field methods
and do not require a spherical harmonic decomposition.
  In outgoing regions, where the Regge-Wheeler tortoise coordinate is large,
$r_*>\epsilon t$, we obtain decay for the null components with rates of
$|\phi_+| \sim |\alpha| < C r^{-5/2}$, $|\phi_0| \sim |\rho| + |\sigma| < C
r^{-2} |t-r_*|^{-1/2}$, and $|\phi_{-1}| \sim |\underline{\alpha}| < C r^{-1}
|t-r_*|^{-1}$. Along the event horizon and in ingoing regions, where $r_*<0$,
and when $t+r_*1$, all components (normalized with respect to an ingoing null
basis) decay at a rate of $C \uout^{-1}$ with $\uout=t+r_*$ in the exterior
region.


title: Path Integrals in Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics

abstract:
  I discuss the use of path integrals to study strong-interaction physics from
first principles. The underlying theory is cast into path integrals which are
evaluated numerically using Monte Carlo methods on a space-time lattice.
Examples are given on progress related to nuclear physics.


title:
Bosonic spectral density of epitaxial thin-film La1.83Sr0.17CuO4
  superconductors from infrared conductivity measurements

abstract:
  We use optical spectroscopy to investigate the excitations responsible for
the structure in the optical self-energy of thin epitaxial films of
La1.83Sr0.17CuO4. Using Eliashberg formalism to invert the optical spectra we
extract the electron-boson spectral function and find that at low temperature
it has a two component structure closely matching the spin excitation spectrum
recently measured by magnetic neutron scattering. We contrast the temperature
evolution of the spectral density and the two-peak behavior in La2-xSrxCuO4
with another high temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d. The bosonic
spectral functions of the two materials account for the low Tc of LSCO as
compared to Bi-2212.


title: A Note on the Secrecy Capacity of the Multi-antenna Wiretap Channel

abstract:
  Recently, the secrecy capacity of the multi-antenna wiretap channel was
characterized by Khisti and Wornell [1] using a Sato-like argument. This note
presents an alternative characterization using a channel enhancement argument.
This characterization relies on an extremal entropy inequality recently proved
in the context of multi-antenna broadcast channels, and is directly built on
the physical intuition regarding to the optimal transmission strategy in this
communication scenario.


title: Cash Sub-additive Risk Measures and Interest Rate Ambiguity

abstract:
  A new class of risk measures called cash sub-additive risk measures is
introduced to assess the risk of future financial, nonfinancial and insurance
positions. The debated cash additive axiom is relaxed into the cash sub
additive axiom to preserve the original difference between the numeraire of the
current reserve amounts and future positions. Consequently, cash sub-additive
risk measures can model stochastic and/or ambiguous interest rates or
defaultable contingent claims. Practical examples are presented and in such
contexts cash additive risk measures cannot be used. Several representations of
the cash sub-additive risk measures are provided. The new risk measures are
characterized by penalty functions defined on a set of sub-linear probability
measures and can be represented using penalty functions associated with cash
additive risk measures defined on some extended spaces. The issue of the
optimal risk transfer is studied in the new framework using inf-convolution
techniques. Examples of dynamic cash sub-additive risk measures are provided
via BSDEs where the generator can locally depend on the level of the cash
sub-additive risk measure.


title: Substrate Specificity of Peptide Adsorption: A Model Study

abstract:
  Applying the contact density chain-growth algorithm to lattice
heteropolymers, we identify the conformational transitions of a nongrafted
hydrophobic-polar heteropolymer with 103 residues in the vicinity of a polar, a
hydrophobic, and a uniformly attractive substrate. Introducing only two system
parameters, the numbers of surface contacts and intrinsic hydrophobic contacts,
respectively, we obtain surprisingly complex temperature and solvent dependent,
substrate-specific pseudo-phase diagrams.


title: W production and properties at CDF

abstract:
  I present measurements of the W boson charge asymmetry and the W boson width
G_W using 350 pb-1 of CDF Run II data. The charge asymmetry is the first direct
measurement, which uses a new technique to reconstruct the W rapidity by
constraining its mass; the result will further constrain Parton Distribution
Functions in future fits. The width measurement relies on a fit to the W
transverse mass distribution. We measure G_W = 2032 +/- 71 MeV which is in good
agreement with the Standard Model prediction.


title: Extremal problems on triangle areas in two and three dimensions

abstract:
  The study of extremal problems on triangle areas was initiated in a series of
papers by Erd\H{o}s and Purdy in the early 1970s. In this paper we present new
results on such problems, concerning the number of triangles of the same area
that are spanned by finite point sets in the plane and in 3-space, and the
number of distinct areas determined by the triangles.
  In the plane, our main result is an $O(n^{44/19}) =O(n^{2.3158})$ upper bound
on the number of unit-area triangles spanned by $n$ points, which is the first
breakthrough improving the classical bound of $O(n^{7/3})$ from 1992. We also
make progress in a number of important special cases: We show that (i) For
points in convex position, there exist $n$-element point sets that span
$\Omega(n\log n)$ triangles of unit area. (ii) The number of triangles of
minimum (nonzero) area determined by $n$ points is at most ${2/3}(n^2-n)$;
there exist $n$-element point sets (for arbitrarily large $n$) that span
$(6/\pi^2-o(1))n^2$ minimum-area triangles. (iii) The number of acute triangles
of minimum area determined by $n$ points is O(n); this is asymptotically tight.
(iv) For $n$ points in convex position, the number of triangles of minimum area
is O(n); this is asymptotically tight. (v) If no three points are allowed to be
collinear, there are $n$-element point sets that span $\Omega(n\log n)$
minimum-area triangles (in contrast to (ii), where collinearities are allowed
and a quadratic lower bound holds).
  In 3-space we prove an $O(n^{17/7}\beta(n))= O(n^{2.4286})$ upper bound on
the number of unit-area triangles spanned by $n$ points, where $\beta(n)$ is an
extremely slowly growing function related to the inverse Ackermann function.
The best previous bound, $O(n^{8/3})$, is an old result from 1971.


title: On the s-sbar asymmetry of the nucleon sea

abstract:
  We study the $s-\bar s$ asymmetry in the nucleon sea using a model in which
the proton wave function includes a Kaon-Hyperon Fock state. Parameters of the
model are fixed by fitting the $s-\bar s$ asymmetry obtained from global fits
to Deep Inelastic Scattering data. We discuss possible effects of the $s-\bar
s$ asymmetry on the measurement of the Weinberg angle by the NuTeV
Collaboration.


title: Lower estimates on microstates free entropy dimension

abstract:
  By proving that certain free stochastic differential equations have
stationary solutions, we give a lower estimate on the microstates free entropy
dimension of certain $n$-tuples $X_{1},...,X_{n}$: we show that Abstract. By
proving that certain free stochastic differential equations with analytic
coefficients have stationary solutions, we give a lower estimate on the
microstates free entropy dimension of certain n-tuples X_{1},...,X_{n}. In
particular, we show that
\delta_{0}(X_{1},...,X_{n})\geq\dim_{M\bar{\otimes}M^{o}}V where
M=W^{*}(X_{1},...,X_{n}) and
V=\{(\partial(X_{1}),...,\partial(X_{n})):\partial\in\mathcal{C}\} is the set
of values of derivations A=\mathbb{C}[X_{1},... X_{n}]\to A\otimes A with the
property that \partial^{*}\partial(A)\subset A. We show that for q sufficiently
small (depending on n) and X_{1},...,X_{n} a q-semicircular family,
\delta_{0}(X_{1},...,X_{n})>1. In particular, for small q, q-deformed free
group factors have no Cartan subalgebras. An essential tool in our analysis is
a free analog of an inequality between Wasserstein distance and Fisher
information introduced by Otto and Villani (and also studied in the free case
by Biane and Voiculescu).


title:
A direct Measurement of the W Boson Width in ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s)
  = 1.96 TeV

abstract:
  A direct measurement of the total decay width of the W boson G_W is presented
using 350 pb-1 of data from ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV collected
with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The width is determined by
normalizing predicted signal and background distributions to 230185 W
candidates decaying to enu and munu in the transverse-mass region 50 < M_T < 90
GeV and then fitting the predicted shape to 6055 events in the high-M_T region,
90 < M_T < 200 GeV. The result is G_W = 2032 +/- 45 (stat.) +/- 57 (syst.) MeV,
consistent with the standard model expectation.


title:
On the Chernoff distance for asymptotic LOCC discrimination of bipartite
  quantum states

abstract:
  Motivated by the recent discovery of a quantum Chernoff theorem for
asymptotic state discrimination, we investigate the distinguishability of two
bipartite mixed states under the constraint of local operations and classical
communication (LOCC), in the limit of many copies. While for two pure states a
result of Walgate et al. shows that LOCC is just as powerful as global
measurements, data hiding states (DiVincenzo et al.) show that locality can
impose severe restrictions on the distinguishability of even orthogonal states.
Here we determine the optimal error probability and measurement to discriminate
many copies of particular data hiding states (extremal d x d Werner states) by
a linear programming approach. Surprisingly, the single-copy optimal
measurement remains optimal for n copies, in the sense that the best strategy
is measuring each copy separately, followed by a simple classical decision
rule. We also put a lower bound on the bias with which states can be
distinguished by separable operations.


title:
Breathers in inhomogeneous nonlinear lattices: an analysis via centre
  manifold reduction

abstract:
  We consider an infinite chain of particles linearly coupled to their nearest
neighbours and subject to an anharmonic local potential. The chain is assumed
weakly inhomogeneous. We look for small amplitude discrete breathers. The
problem is reformulated as a nonautonomous recurrence in a space of
time-periodic functions, where the dynamics is considered along the discrete
spatial coordinate. We show that small amplitude oscillations are determined by
finite-dimensional nonautonomous mappings, whose dimension depends on the
solutions frequency. We consider the case of two-dimensional reduced mappings,
which occurs for frequencies close to the edges of the phonon band. For an
homogeneous chain, the reduced map is autonomous and reversible, and
bifurcations of reversible homoclinics or heteroclinic solutions are found for
appropriate parameter values. These orbits correspond respectively to discrete
breathers, or dark breathers superposed on a spatially extended standing wave.
Breather existence is shown in some cases for any value of the coupling
constant, which generalizes an existence result obtained by MacKay and Aubry at
small coupling. For an inhomogeneous chain the study of the nonautonomous
reduced map is in general far more involved. For the principal part of the
reduced recurrence, using the assumption of weak inhomogeneity, we show that
homoclinics to 0 exist when the image of the unstable manifold under a linear
transformation intersects the stable manifold. This provides a geometrical
understanding of tangent bifurcations of discrete breathers. The case of a mass
impurity is studied in detail, and our geometrical analysis is successfully
compared with direct numerical simulations.


title:
Phantom cosmology with a decaying cosmological function $\Lambda(t)$
  induced from five-dimensional (5D) geometrical vacuum

abstract:
  Introducing a variable cosmological function $\Lambda (t)$ in a geometrical
manner from a 5D Riemann-flat metric, we investigate the possibility of having
a geometrical criterion to choose a suitable cosmological function $\Lambda
(t)$ for every 4D dynamical hypersurface capable of generate phantom
cosmologies.


title: An application of Mirror extensions

abstract:
  In this paper we apply our previous results of mirror extensions to obtain
realizations of three modular invariants constructed by A. N. Schellekens by
holomorphic conformal nets with central charge equal to 24.


title: From the entropy to the statistical structure of spike trains

abstract:
  We use statistical estimates of the entropy rate of spike train data in order
to make inferences about the underlying structure of the spike train itself. We
first examine a number of different parametric and nonparametric estimators
(some known and some new), including the ``plug-in'' method, several versions
of Lempel-Ziv-based compression algorithms, a maximum likelihood estimator
tailored to renewal processes, and the natural estimator derived from the
Context-Tree Weighting method (CTW). The theoretical properties of these
estimators are examined, several new theoretical results are developed, and all
estimators are systematically applied to various types of synthetic data and
under different conditions.
  Our main focus is on the performance of these entropy estimators on the
(binary) spike trains of 28 neurons recorded simultaneously for a one-hour
period from the primary motor and dorsal premotor cortices of a monkey. We show
how the entropy estimates can be used to test for the existence of long-term
structure in the data, and we construct a hypothesis test for whether the
renewal process model is appropriate for these spike trains. Further, by
applying the CTW algorithm we derive the maximum a posterior (MAP) tree model
of our empirical data, and comment on the underlying structure it reveals.


title: Separatrices and basins of stability from time series data

abstract:
  An approach is presented for identifying separatrices in phase space
generated from noisy time series data sets representative of measured
experimental data. These separatrices are identified as ridges in the phase
space distribution of finite-time Lyapunov exponents, i.e., Lagrangian coherent
structures (LCS). As opposed to previous approaches, the LCS is identified
using only trajectories since no analytical or data-defined vector field is
available. The method is applied to a biological simulation in which the
separatrix reveals a basin of stability. These results suggest that the method
will be a fruitful approach to time series analysis, particularly in cases
where a limited number of trajectories are available as might be encountered in
experiments.


title: Static quark free energies at finite temperature

abstract:
  We determine the static quark free energies around the transition temperature
using 2+1 flavors of staggered fermions. Simulations are carried out on
N_t=4,6,8 and 10 lattices using physical quark masses. The free energies
extracted from Polyakov-loop correlators are extrapolated to the continuum
limit.


title: Entanglement generation via a completely mixed nuclear spin bath

abstract:
  We show that qubits coupled sequentially to a mesoscopic static completely
mixed spin bath via the Heisenberg interaction can become highly entangled.
Straightforward protocols for the generation of multipartite entangled
(Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-)states are presented. We show the feasibility of
an experimental realization in a quantum dot by the hyperfine interaction of an
electron with the nuclear spins.


title:
Charged Higgs-boson production in association with an electron and a
  neutrino at electron-positron colliders

abstract:
  We present results of a calculation of the cross section for the production
of a charged Higgs boson in association with an electron and a neutrino at
electron-positron colliders (e+ e- -> H+ e- nu_e-bar, H- e+ nu_e). We study
predictions for the cross section in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
(MSSM) and the Two Higgs Doublet Model (THDM), highlighting possible
differences. The process is effectively loop-induced in both models. Hence, the
cross section is expected to be strongly model-dependent. Most notably, due to
the presence of superpartners, the MSSM amplitude contains Feynman graphs of
pentagon-type, which are not present in the THDM. This is the first complete
one-loop calculation of the cross section for this process in the THDM and the
MSSM. For both models, so far, only approximate results with limited ranges of
validity were available. Our main aim here is to clarify several open questions
in the existing literature on this process. Specifically, we will discuss the
validity of the Heavy Fermion loop approximation in both models, and of the
Fermion/Sfermion loop approximation in the MSSM.


title: Discretely guided electromagnetic effective medium

abstract:
  A material comprised of an array of subwavelength coaxial waveguides
decomposes incident electromagnetic waves into spatially discrete wave
components, propagates these components without frequency cut-off, and
reassembles them on the far side of the material. The propagation of these wave
components is fully controlled by the physical properties of the waveguides and
their geometrical distribution in the array. This allows for an exceptional
degree of control over the electromagnetic response of this effective medium,
with numerous potential applications. With the development of nanoscale
subwavelength coaxial waveguides, these applications (including metamaterial
functionality) can be enabled in the visible frequency range.


title:
Towards a Solution for the Ca II Triplet Puzzle : Results from Dwarf
  Elliptical Galaxies

abstract:
  We present new estimates of ages and metallicities, based on FORS/VLT optical
(4400-5500A) spectroscopy, of 16 dwarf elliptical galaxies (dE's) in the Fornax
Cluster and in Southern Groups. These dE's are more metal-rich and younger than
previous estimates based on narrow-band photometry and low-resolution
spectroscopy. For our sample we find a mean metallicity [Z/H] = -0.33 dex and
mean age 3.5 Gyr, consistent with similar samples of dE's in other environments
(Local Group, Virgo). Three dE's in our sample show emission lines and very
young ages. This suggests that some dE's formed stars until a very recent epoch
and were self-enriched by a long star formation history. Previous observations
of large near-infrared (~8500A) Ca II absorption strengths in these dE's are in
good agreement with the new metallicity estimates, solving part of the
so-called Calcium puzzle.


title: Mach cone shock waves at RHIC

abstract:
  Energy and momentum lost by hard jets propagating through hot and dense
nuclear matter have to be redistributed in the medium. It has been conjectured
that collective sound modes are excited. Those lead to Mach cone nuclear shock
waves in the nuclear medium that are shown to account for three and four
particle angular correlation structures of hadrons with a (semi-)hard trigger
hadron in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC.


title:
Quadratic Hierarchy Flavor Rule as the Origin of Dirac CP-Violating
  Phases

abstract:
  The premise of an organizing quadratic hierarchy rule in lepton-quark flavor
physics was used earlier for explanation of the hierarchy patterns of four
generic pairs of flavor quantities 1) charged-lepton and 2) neutrino deviations
from mass-degeneracy, 3) deviations of lepton mixing from maximal magnitude and
4) deviations of quark mixing from minimal one. Here it is shown that the
quadratic hierarchy equation that is uniquely related to three flavor particle
generations may have yet another important function. It determines two
complementary values of the Dirac CP-violating phases in the quark and neutrino
mixing matrices without involvement of any empirical parameters. If confirmed
by accurate experimental data, it means a discovery of an explicit CP-violation
source in elementary particle mixing matrices and a single source of
CP-violation at least in the quark mass matrix phenomenology.


title:
Pressure-induced metallization and structural phase transition of the
  Mott-Hubbard insulator TiOBr

abstract:
  We investigated the pressure-dependent optical response of the
low-dimensional Mott-Hubbard insulator TiOBr by transmittance and reflectance
measurements in the infrared and visible frequency range. A suppression of the
transmittance above a critical pressure and a concomitant increase of the
reflectance are observed, suggesting a pressure-induced metallization of TiOBr.
The metallic phase of TiOBr at high pressure is confirmed by the presence of
additional excitations extending down to the far-infrared range. The
pressure-induced metallization coincides with a structural phase transition,
according to the results of x-ray powder diffraction experiments under
pressure.


title:
Gene network reconstruction from transcriptional dynamics under kinetic
  model uncertainty: a case for the second derivative

abstract:
  Motivation: Measurements of gene expression over time enable the
reconstruction of transcriptional networks. However, Bayesian networks and many
other current reconstruction methods rely on assumptions that conflict with the
differential equations that describe transcriptional kinetics. Practical
approximations of kinetic models would enable inferring causal relationships
between genes from expression data of microarray, tag-based and conventional
platforms, but conclusions are sensitive to the assumptions made.
  Results: The representation of a sufficiently large portion of genome enables
computation of an upper bound on how much confidence one may place in
influences between genes on the basis of expression data. Information about
which genes encode transcription factors is not necessary but may be
incorporated if available. The methodology is generalized to cover cases in
which expression measurements are missing for many of the genes that might
control the transcription of the genes of interest. The assumption that the
gene expression level is roughly proportional to the rate of translation led to
better empirical performance than did either the assumption that the gene
expression level is roughly proportional to the protein level or the Bayesian
model average of both assumptions.
  Availability: http://www.oisb.ca points to R code implementing the methods (R
Development Core Team 2004).
  Supplementary information: http://www.davidbickel.com


title:
The absolutely continuous spectrum of one-dimensional Schr"odinger
  operators

abstract:
  This paper deals with general structural properties of one-dimensional
Schr"odinger operators with some absolutely continuous spectrum. The basic
result says that the omega limit points of the potential under the shift map
are reflectionless on the support of the absolutely continuous part of the
spectral measure. This implies an Oracle Theorem for such potentials and
Denisov-Rakhmanov type theorems.
  In the discrete case, for Jacobi operators, these issues were discussed in my
recent paper [19]. The treatment of the continuous case in the present paper
depends on the same basic ideas.


title: Evolution of chemical abundances in Seyfert galaxies

abstract:
  We computed the chemical evolution of spiral bulges hosting Seyfert nuclei,
based on updated chemical and spectro-photometrical evolution models for the
bulge of our Galaxy, made predictions about other quantities measured in
Seyferts, and modeled the photometry of local bulges. The chemical evolution
model contains detailed calculations of the Galactic potential and of the
feedback from the central supermassive black hole, and the spectro-photometric
model covers a wide range of stellar ages and metallicities. We followed the
evolution of bulges in the mass range 10^9 - 10^{11} Msun by scaling the star
formation efficiency and the bulge scalelength as in the inverse-wind scenario
for elliptical galaxies, and considering an Eddington limited accretion onto
the central supermassive black hole. We successfully reproduced the observed
black hole-host bulge mass relation. The observed nuclear bolometric luminosity
is reproduced only at high redshift or for the most massive bulges; in the
other cases, at z = 0 a rejuvenation mechanism is necessary. The black hole
feedback is in most cases not significant in triggering the galactic wind. The
observed high star formation rates and metal overabundances are easily
achieved, as well as the constancy of chemical abundances with redshift and the
bulge present-day colours. Those results are not affected if we vary the index
of the stellar IMF from x=0.95 to x=1.35; a steeper IMF is instead required in
order to reproduce the colour-magnitude relation and the present K-band
luminosity of the bulge.


title: Casimir interaction: pistons and cavity

abstract:
  The energy of a perfectly conducting rectangular cavity is studied by making
use of pistons' interactions. The exact solution for a 3D perfectly conducting
piston with an arbitrary cross section is being discussed.


title:
Numerical Simulations of Oscillating Soliton Stars: Excited States in
  Spherical Symmetry and Ground State Evolutions in 3D

abstract:
  Excited state soliton stars are studied numerically for the first time. The
stability of spherically symmetric S-branch excited state oscillatons under
radial perturbations is investigated using a 1D code. We find that these stars
are inherently unstable either migrating to the ground state or collapsing to
black holes. Higher excited state configurations are observed to cascade
through intermediate excited states during their migration to the ground state.
This is similar to excited state boson stars. Ground state oscillatons are then
studied in full 3D numerical relativity. Finding the appropriate gauge
condition for the dynamic oscillatons is much more challenging than in the case
of boson stars. Different slicing conditions are explored, and a customized
gauge condition that approximates polar slicing in spherical symmetry is
implemented. Comparisons with 1D results and convergence tests are performed.
The behavior of these stars under small axisymmetric perturbations is studied
and gravitational waveforms are extracted. We find that the gravitational waves
damp out on a short timescale, enabling us to obtain the complete waveform.
This work is a starting point for the evolution of real scalar field systems
with arbitrary symmetries.


title:
Evidence for Non-Hydrostatic Gas from the Cluster X-ray to Lensing Mass
  Ratio

abstract:
  Using a uniform analysis procedure, we measure spatially resolved weak
gravitational lensing and hydrostatic X-ray masses for a sample of 18 clusters
of galaxies. We find a radial trend in the X-ray to lensing mass ratio: at
r2500 we obtain a ratio MX/ML=1.03+/-0.07 which decreases to MX/ML=0.78+/-0.09
at r500. This difference is significant at 3 sigma once we account for
correlations between the measurements. We show that correcting the lensing mass
for excess correlated structure outside the virial radius slightly reduces, but
does not eliminate this trend. An X-ray mass underestimate, perhaps due to
nonthermal pressure support, can explain the residual trend. The trend is not
correlated with the presence or absence of a cool core. We also examine the
cluster gas fraction and find no correlation with ML, an important result for
techniques that aim to determine cosmological parameters using the gas
fraction.


title: Lattice calculation of non-Gaussianity from preheating

abstract:
  If light scalar fields are present at the end of inflation, their
non-equilibrium dynamics such as parametric resonance or a phase transition can
produce non-Gaussian density perturbations. We show how these perturbations can
be calculated using non-linear lattice field theory simulations and the
separate universe approximation. In the massless preheating model, we find that
some parameter values are excluded while others lead to acceptable but
observable levels of non-Gaussianity. This shows that preheating can be an
important factor in assessing the viability of inflationary models.


title:
Radial velocities of giant stars: an investigation of line profile
  variations

abstract:
  Since 1999, a radial velocity survey of 179 red giant stars is ongoing at
Lick Observatory with a one month cadence. At present ~20-100 measurements have
been collected per star with an accuracy of 5 to 8 m/s. Of the stars monitored,
145 (80%) show radial velocity (RV) variations at a level >20 m/s, of which 43
exhibit significant periodicities. Here, we investigate the mechanism causing
the observed radial velocity variations. Firstly, we search for a correlation
between the radial velocity amplitude and an intrinsic parameter of the star,
in this case surface gravity (log g). Secondly, we investigate line profile
variations and compare these with theoretical predictions.


title:
Virgo cluster early-type dwarf galaxies with the Sloan Digital Sky
  Survey. IV. The color-magnitude relation

abstract:
  We present an analysis of the optical colors of 413 Virgo cluster early-type
dwarf galaxies (dEs), based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey imaging data. Our study
comprises (1) a comparison of the color-magnitude relation (CMR) of the
different dE subclasses that we identified in Paper III of this series, (2) a
comparison of the shape of the CMR in low and high-density regions, (3) an
analysis of the scatter of the CMR, and (4) an interpretation of the observed
colors with ages and metallicities from population synthesis models. We find
that the CMRs of nucleated (dE(N)) and non-nucleated dEs (dE(nN)) are
significantly different from each other, with similar colors at fainter
magnitudes (r > 17 mag), but increasingly redder colors of the dE(N)s at
brighter magnitudes. We interpret this with older ages and/or higher
metallicities of the brighter dE(N)s. The dEs with disk features have similar
colors as the dE(N)s and seem to be only slightly younger and/or less
metal-rich on average. Furthermore, we find a small but significant dependence
of the CMR on local projected galaxy number density, consistently seen in all
of u-r, g-r, and g-i, and weakly i-z. We deduce that a significant intrinsic
color scatter of the CMR is present, even when allowing for a distance spread
of our galaxies. No increase of the CMR scatter at fainter magnitudes is
observed down to r = 17 mag (Mr = -14 mag). The color residuals, i.e., the
offsets of the data points from the linear fit to the CMR, are clearly
correlated with each other in all colors for the dE(N)s and for the full dE
sample. We conclude that there must be at least two different formation
channels for early-type dwarfs in order to explain the heterogeneity of this
class of galaxy. (Abridged)


title:
Angular Signatures of Annihilating Dark Matter in the Cosmic Gamma-Ray
  Background

abstract:
  The extragalactic cosmic gamma-ray background (CGB) is an interesting channel
to look for signatures of dark matter annihilation. In particular, besides the
imprint in the energy spectrum, peculiar anisotropy patterns are expected
compared to the case of a pure astrophysical origin of the CGB. We take into
account the uncertainties in the dark matter clustering properties on
sub-galactic scales, deriving two possible anisotropy scenarios. A clear dark
matter angular signature is achieved when the annihilation signal receives only
a moderate contribution from sub-galactic clumps and/or cuspy haloes.
Experimentally, if galactic foregrounds systematics are efficiently kept under
control, the angular differences are detectable with the forthcoming GLAST
observatory, provided that the annihilation signal contributes to the CGB for a
fraction >10-20%. If, instead, sub-galactic structures have a more prominent
role, the astrophysical and dark matter anisotropies become degenerate,
correspondingly diluting the DM signature. As complementary observables we also
introduce the cross-correlation between surveys of galaxies and the CGB and the
cross-correlation between different energy bands of the CGB and we find that
they provide a further sensitive tool to detect the dark matter angular
signatures.


title:
Can gravitational infall energy lead to the observed velocity dispersion
  in DLAs?

abstract:
  The median observed velocity width v_90 of low-ionization species in damped
Ly-alpha systems is close to 90 km/s, with approximately 10% of all systems
showing v_90 > 210 km/s at z=3. We show that a relative shortage of such
high-velocity neutral gas absorbers in state-of-the-art galaxy formation models
is a fundamental problem, present both in grid-based and particle-based
numerical simulations. Using a series of numerical simulations of varying
resolution and box size to cover a wide range of halo masses, we demonstrate
that energy from gravitational infall alone is insufficient to produce the
velocity dispersion observed in damped Ly-alpha systems, nor does this
dispersion arise from an implementation of star formation and feedback in our
highest resolution (~ 45 pc) models, if we do not put any galactic winds into
our models by hand. We argue that these numerical experiments highlight the
need to separate dynamics of different components of the multiphase
interstellar medium at z=3.


title:
Multiwavelength Observations of Markarian 421 in March 2001: an
  Unprecedented View on the X-ray/TeV Correlated Variability

abstract:
  (Abridged) We present a detailed analysis of week-long simultaneous
observations of the blazar Mrk421 at 2-60 keV X-rays (RXTE) and TeV gamma-rays
(Whipple and HEGRA) in 2001. The unprecedented quality of this dataset enables
us to establish firmly the existence of the correlation between the TeV and
X-ray luminosities, and to start unveiling some of its more detailed
characteristics, in particular its energy dependence, and time variability. The
source shows strong, highly correlated variations in X-ray and gamma-ray. No
evidence of X-ray/gamma-ray interband lag is found on the full week dataset (<3
ks). However, a detailed analysis of the March 19 flare reveals that data are
not consistent with the peak of the outburst in the 2-4 keV X-ray and TeV band
being simultaneous. We estimate a 2.1+/-0.7 ks TeV lag. The amplitudes of the
X-ray and gamma-ray variations are also highly correlated, and the TeV
luminosity increases more than linearly w.r.t. the X-ray one. The strong
correlation supports the standard model in which a unique electrons population
produces the X-rays by synchrotron radiation and the gamma-ray component by
inverse Compton scattering. However, for the individual best observed flares
the gamma-ray flux scales approximately quadratically w.r.t. the X-ray flux,
posing a serious challenge to emission models for TeV blazars. Rather special
conditions and/or fine tuning of the temporal evolution of the physical
parameters of the emission region are required in order to reproduce the
quadratic correlation.


title: Are There Four-Dimensional Small Black Rings?

abstract:
  In d>4 dimensions, one can argue for the existence of small black rings using
a scaling argument. We apply the same scaling argument to the d=4 case and
demonstrate that it fails to say anything about the existence of d=4 small
black rings, because stringy corrections get out of control. General relativity
theorems say that there does not exist a black hole with toroidal topology for
d=4, but we interpret this as saying that, for d=4 small black rings, stringy
corrections are crucial which invalidate the assumptions those theorems are
based on.


title: Black Hole Thermodynamics and Hamilton-Jacobi Counterterm

abstract:
  We review the construction of the universal Hamilton-Jacobi counterterm for
dilaton gravity in two dimensions, derive the corresponding result in the
Cartan formulation and elaborate further upon black hole thermodynamics and
semi-classical corrections. Applications include spherically symmetric black
holes in arbitrary dimensions with Minkowski- or AdS-asymptotics, the BTZ black
hole and black holes in two-dimensional string theory.


title: String Topology: Background and Present State

abstract:
  The data of a "2D field theory with a closed string compactification" is an
equivariant chain level action of a cell decomposition of the union of all
moduli spaces of punctured Riemann surfaces with each component compactified as
a pseudomanifold with boundary. The axioms on the data are contained in the
following assumptions. It is assumed the punctures are labeled and divided into
nonempty sets of inputs and outputs. The inputs are marked by a tangent
direction and the outputs are weighted by nonnegative real numbers adding to
unity. It is assumed the gluing of inputs to outputs lands on the
pseudomanifold boundary of the cell decomposition and the entire pseudomanifold
boundary is decomposed into pieces by all such factorings. It is further
assumed that the action is equivariant with respect to the toroidal action of
rotating the markings. A main result of compactified string topology is the
  Theorem (closed strings): Each oriented smooth manifold has a 2D field theory
with a closed string compactification on the equivariant chains of its free
loop space mod constant loops. The sum over all surface types of the top
pseudomanifold chain yields a chain X satisfying the master equation dX + X*X =
0 where * is the sum over all gluings. This structure is well defined up to
homotopy.
  The genus zero parts yields an infinity Lie bialgebra on the equivariant
chains of the free loop space mod constant loops. The higher genus terms
provide further elements of algebraic structure called a "quantum Lie
bialgebra" partially resolving the involutive identity.
  There is also a compactified discussion and a Theorem 2 for open strings as
the first step to a more complete theory. We note a second step for knots.


title:
Far-Infrared Spectral Energy Distributions and Photometric Redshifts of
  Dusty Galaxies

abstract:
  We infer the large-scale source parameters of dusty galaxies from their
observed spectral energy distributions (SEDs) using the analytic radiative
transfer methodology presented in Chakrabarti & McKee (2005). For local
ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs), we show that the millimeter to
far-infrared (FIR) SEDs can be well fit using the standard dust opacity index
of 2 when self-consistent radiative transfer solutions are employed, indicating
that the cold dust in local ULIRGs can be described by a single grain model. We
develop a method for determining photometric redshifts of ULIRGs and sub-mm
galaxies from the millimeter-FIR SED; the resulting value of $1+z$ is typically
accurate to about 10%. As such, it is comparable to the accuracy of near-IR
photometric redshifts and provides a complementary means of deriving redshifts
from far-IR data, such as that from the upcoming $\it{Herschel Space
Observatory}$. Since our analytic radiative transfer solution is developed for
homogeneous, spherically symmetric, centrally heated, dusty sources, it is
relevant for infrared bright galaxies that are primarily powered by compact
sources of luminosity that are embedded in a dusty envelope. We discuss how
deviations from spherical symmetry may affect the applicability of our
solution, and we contrast our self-consistent analytic solution with standard
approximations to demonstrate the main differences.


title:
Lensing and Supernovae: Quantifying The Bias on the Dark Energy Equation
  of State

abstract:
  The gravitational magnification and demagnification of Type Ia supernovae
(SNe) modify their positions on the Hubble diagram, shifting the distance
estimates from the underlying luminosity-distance relation. This can introduce
a systematic uncertainty in the dark energy equation of state (EOS) estimated
from SNe, although this systematic is expected to average away for sufficiently
large data sets. Using mock SN samples over the redshift range $0 < z \leq 1.7$
we quantify the lensing bias. We find that the bias on the dark energy EOS is
less than half a percent for large datasets ($\gtrsim$ 2,000 SNe). However, if
highly magnified events (SNe deviating by more than 2.5$\sigma$) are
systematically removed from the analysis, the bias increases to $\sim$ 0.8%.
Given that the EOS parameters measured from such a sample have a 1$\sigma$
uncertainty of 10%, the systematic bias related to lensing in SN data out to $z
\sim 1.7$ can be safely ignored in future cosmological measurements.


title: Image Storage in Hot Vapors

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate image propagation and storage in hot atomic
vapor. A $4f$ system is adopted for imaging and an atomic vapor cell is placed
over the transform plane. The Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of an object in
the object plane can thus be transformed into atomic Raman coherence according
to the idea of ``light storage''. We investigate how the stored diffraction
pattern evolves under diffusion. Our result indicates, under appropriate
conditions, that an image can be reconstructed with high fidelity. The main
reason for this procedure to work is the fact that diffusion of opposite-phase
components of the diffraction pattern interfere destructively.


title:
Observations of Extrasolar Planets During the non-Cryogenic Spitzer
  Space Telescope Mission

abstract:
  Precision infrared photometry from Spitzer has enabled the first direct
studies of light from extrasolar planets, via observations at secondary eclipse
in transiting systems. Current Spitzer results include the first longitudinal
temperature map of an extrasolar planet, and the first spectra of their
atmospheres. Spitzer has also measured a temperature and precise radius for the
first transiting Neptune-sized exoplanet, and is beginning to make precise
transit timing measurements to infer the existence of unseen low mass planets.
The lack of stellar limb darkening in the infrared facilitates precise radius
and transit timing measurements of transiting planets. Warm Spitzer will be
capable of a precise radius measurement for Earth-sized planets transiting
nearby M-dwarfs, thereby constraining their bulk composition. It will continue
to measure thermal emission at secondary eclipse for transiting hot Jupiters,
and be able to distinguish between planets having broad band emission versus
absorption spectra. It will also be able to measure the orbital phase variation
of thermal emission for close-in planets, even non-transiting planets, and
these measurements will be of special interest for planets in eccentric orbits.
Warm Spitzer will be a significant complement to Kepler, particularly as
regards transit timing in the Kepler field. In addition to studying close-in
planets, Warm Spitzer will have significant application in sensitive imaging
searches for young planets at relatively large angular separations from their
parent stars.


title:
A Model for Star Formation, Gas Flows and Chemical Evolution in Galaxies
  at High Redshifts

abstract:
  Motivated by the increasing use of the Kennicutt-Schmidt (K-S) star formation
law to interpret observations of high redshift galaxies, the importance of gas
accretion to galaxy formation, and the recent observations of chemical
abundances in galaxies at z~2-3, I use simple analytical models to assess the
consistency of these processes of galaxy evolution with observations and with
each other. I derive the time dependence of star formation implied by the K-S
law, and show that the sustained high star formation rates observed in galaxies
at z~2-3 require the accretion of additional gas. A model in which the gas
accretion rate is approximately equal to the combined star formation and
outflow rates broadly reproduces the observed trends of star formation rate
with galaxy age. Using an analytical description of chemical evolution, I also
show that this model, further constrained to have an outflow rate roughly equal
to the star formation rate, reproduces the observed mass-metallicity relation
at z~2.


title: Cosmological and Astrophysical Constraints on Tensor Unparticles

abstract:
  We calculate cosmological and astrophysical bounds on the couplings between
standard model fields and tensor unparticles. The present day density of tensor
unparticles from neutrino-neutrino and photon-photon annihilation is
calculated. Also, the supernovae volume energy loss rates from
electron-positron and photon-photon annihilation to tensor unparticles are
calculated. The constraints from matter density and supernovae volume energy
loss rates from photon-photon annihilation are on the same order of magnitude,
while the bounds from supernovae volume energy loss rates from
electron-positron annihilation are an order of magnitude lower. We find the
couplings between standard model fields and tensor unparticles are at least an
order of magnitude lower than those used for previous studies of tensor
unparticle collider phenomenology.


title: The MSSM golden region and its collider signature

abstract:
  The "golden region'' in the MSSM parameter space is the region where the
experimental constraints are satisfied and the amount of fine-tuning is
minimized. In this region, the stop trilinear soft term is large, leading to a
significant mass splitting between the two stop mass eigenstates. As a result,
the decay of the heavier stop into the lighter stop and a Z boson is
kinematically allowed throughout the golden region. We propose that the
experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) can search for this decay
through an inclusive signature, Z+2jb+missing Et+X. We evaluate the Standard
Model backgrounds for this channel, and identify a set of cuts that would allow
detection of the supersymmetric contribution at the LHC for the MSSM parameters
typical of the golden region.


title: Gamma-Ray Burst Follow-up Observations with STACEE During 2003-2007

abstract:
  The Solar Tower Atmospheric Cherenkov Effect Experiment (STACEE) is an
atmospheric Cherenkov telescope (ACT) that uses a large mirror array to achieve
a relatively low energy threshold. For sources with Crab-like spectra, at high
elevations, the detector response peaks near 100 GeV. Gamma-ray burst (GRB)
observations have been a high priority for the STACEE collaboration since the
inception of the experiment. We present the results of 20 GRB follow-up
observations at times ranging from 3 minutes to 15 hours after the burst
triggers. Where redshift measurements are available, we place constraints on
the intrinsic high-energy spectra of the bursts.


title:
Tangle analysis of difference topology experiments: applications to a Mu
  protein-DNA complex

abstract:
  We develop topological methods for analyzing difference topology experiments
involving 3-string tangles. Difference topology is a novel technique used to
unveil the structure of stable protein-DNA complexes involving two or more DNA
segments. We analyze such experiments for the Mu protein-DNA complex. We
characterize the solutions to the corresponding tangle equations by certain
knotted graphs. By investigating planarity conditions on these graphs we show
that there is a unique biologically relevant solution. That is, we show there
is a unique rational tangle solution, which is also the unique solution with
small crossing number.


title: Dark energy: a quantum fossil from the inflationary Universe?

abstract:
  The discovery of dark energy (DE) as the physical cause for the accelerated
expansion of the Universe is the most remarkable experimental finding of modern
cosmology. However, it leads to insurmountable theoretical difficulties from
the point of view of fundamental physics. Inflation, on the other hand,
constitutes another crucial ingredient, which seems necessary to solve other
cosmological conundrums and provides the primeval quantum seeds for structure
formation. One may wonder if there is any deep relationship between these two
paradigms. In this work, we suggest that the existence of the DE in the present
Universe could be linked to the quantum field theoretical mechanism that may
have triggered primordial inflation in the early Universe. This mechanism,
based on quantum conformal symmetry, induces a logarithmic,
asymptotically-free, running of the gravitational coupling. If this evolution
persists in the present Universe, and if matter is conserved, the general
covariance of Einstein's equations demands the existence of dynamical DE in the
form of a running cosmological term whose variation follows a power law of the
redshift.


title: Unsigned state models for the Jones polynomial

abstract:
  It is well a known and fundamental result that the Jones polynomial can be
expressed as Potts and vertex partition functions of signed plane graphs. Here
we consider constructions of the Jones polynomial as state models of unsigned
graphs and show that the Jones polynomial of any link can be expressed as a
vertex model of an unsigned embedded graph.
  In the process of deriving this result, we show that for every diagram of a
link in the 3-sphere there exists a diagram of an alternating link in a
thickened surface (and an alternating virtual link) with the same Kauffman
bracket. We also recover two recent results in the literature relating the
Jones and Bollobas-Riordan polynomials and show they arise from two different
interpretations of the same embedded graph.


title: Quantum Indeterminacy of Emergent Spacetime

abstract:
  It is shown that nearly-flat 3+1D spacetime emerging from a dual quantum
field theory in 2+1D displays quantum fluctuations from classical Euclidean
geometry on macroscopic scales. A covariant holographic mapping is assumed,
where plane wave states with wavevector k on a 2D surface map onto classical
null trajectories in the emergent third dimension at an angle \theta=l_P k
relative to the surface element normal, where l_P denotes the Planck length.
Null trajectories in the 3+1D world then display quantum uncertainty of angular
orientation, with standard deviation \Delta\theta=\sqrt{l_P/z} for longitudinal
propagation distance z in a given frame. The quantum complementarity of
transverse position at macroscopically separated events along null trajectories
corresponds to a geometry that is not completely classical, but displays
observable holographic quantum noise. A statistical estimator of the
fluctuations from Euclidean behavior is given for a simple thought experiment
based on measured sides of triangles. The effect can be viewed as sampling
noise due to the limited degrees of freedom of such a theory, consistent with
covariant bounds on entropy.


title: Spin phonon coupling in frustrated magnet CdCr$_2$O$_4$

abstract:
  The infrared phonon spectrum of the spinel CdCr2O4 is measured as a function
temperature from 6 K to 300K. The triply degenerate Cr phonons soften in the
paramagnetic phase as temperature is lowered below 100 K and then split into a
singlet and doublet in the low T antiferromagnetic phase which is tetragonally
distorted to relieve the geometric frustration in the pyrochlore lattice of
Cr$^{3+}$ ions. The phonon splitting is inconsistent with the simple increase
(decrease) in the force constants due to deceasing (increasing) bond lengths in
the tetragonal phase. Rather they correspond to changes in the force constants
due to the magnetic order in the antiferromagnetic state. The phonon splitting
in this system is opposite of that observed earlier in ZnCr2O4 as predicted by
theory. The magnitude of the splitting gives a measure of the spin phonon
coupling strength which is smaller than in the case of ZnCr2O4.


title: Hook-content formulae for symplectic and orthogonal tableaux

abstract:
  By considering the specialisation $s_{\lambda}(1,q,q^2,...,q^{n-1})$ of the
Schur function, Stanley was able to describe a formula for the number of
semistandard Young tableaux of shape $\lambda$ in terms of two properties of
the boxes in the diagram for $\lambda$. Using specialisations of symplectic and
orthogonal Schur functions, we derive corresponding formulae, first given by El
Samra and King, for the number of semistandard symplectic and orthogonal
$\lambda$-tableaux.


title: Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay with NEMO 3 and SuperNEMO

abstract:
  Since 2003 the NEMO~3 experiment has been searching for neutrinoless double
beta decay using about 10 kg of enriched isotopes. A limit of T_(1/2)(0nu) >
5.8 10**23 years at 90 % CL has been obtained for 100-Mo from the first two
years of data. Several measurements of two-neutrino double beta decays have
also been performed. A first NEMO 3 measurement of the half-life of 130-Te is
presented, giving a value of T_(1/2)(2nu) = (7.6 +- 1.5 (stat) +- 0.8 (syst))
10**20 years. In parallel, there is an active R&D programme for the SuperNEMO
experiment which is expected to commence data taking in 2012-2013 with 100-200
kg of enriched isotopes.


title:
A Cross-Match of 2MASS and SDSS: Newly-Found L and T Dwarfs and an
  Estimate of the Space Densitfy of T Dwarfs

abstract:
  We report new L and T dwarfs found in a cross-match of the SDSS Data Release
1 and 2MASS. Our simultaneous search of the two databases effectively allows us
to relax the criteria for object detection in either survey and to explore the
combined databases to a greater completeness level. We find two new T dwarfs in
addition to the 13 already known in the SDSS DR1 footprint. We also identify 22
new candidate and bona-fide L dwarfs, including a new young L2 dwarf and a
peculiar L2 dwarf with unusually blue near-IR colors: potentially the result of
mildly sub-solar metallicity. These discoveries underscore the utility of
simultaneous database cross-correlation in searching for rare objects. Our
cross-match completes the census of T dwarfs within the joint SDSS and 2MASS
flux limits to the 97% level. Hence, we are able to accurately infer the space
density of T dwarfs. We employ Monte Carlo tools to simulate the observed
population of SDSS DR1 T dwarfs with 2MASS counterparts and find that the space
density of T0-T8 dwarf systems is 0.0070 (-0.0030; +0.0032) per cubic parsec
(95% confidence interval), i.e., about one per 140 cubic parsecs. Compared to
predictions for the T dwarf space density that depend on various assumptions
for the sub-stellar mass function, this result is most consistent with models
that assume a flat sub-stellar mass function dN/dM ~ M^0. No >T8 dwarfs were
discovered in the present cross-match, though less than one was expected in the
limited area (2099 sq. degrees) of SDSS DR1.


title: The Highest Energy Neutrinos

abstract:
  Measurements of the arrival directions of cosmic rays have not revealed their
sources. High energy neutrino telescopes attempt to resolve the problem by
detecting neutrinos whose directions are not scrambled by magnetic fields. The
key issue is whether the neutrino flux produced in cosmic ray accelerators is
detectable. It is believed that the answer is affirmative, both for the
galactic and extragalactic sources, provided the detector has kilometer-scale
dimensions. We revisit the case for kilometer-scale neutrino detectors in a
model-independent way by focussing on the energetics of the sources. The real
breakthrough though has not been on the theory but on the technology front: the
considerable technical hurdles to build such detectors have been overcome.
  Where extragalactic cosmic rays are concerned an alternative method to probe
the accelerators consists in studying the arrival directions of neutrinos
produced in interactions with the microwave background near the source, i.e.
within a GZK radius. Their flux is calculable within large ambiguities but, in
any case, low. It is therefore likely that detectors that are larger yet by
several orders of magnitudes are required. These exploit novel techniques, such
as detecting the secondary radiation at radio wavelengths emitted by neutrino
induced showers.


title:
Phase Bifurcations of Strongly Correlated Electron Gas at the Conditions
  of dHvA Effect

abstract:
  In a framework of catastrophe theory we investigate the equilibrium set for
the system of strongly correlated electron gas at the conditions of dHvA effect
and show that the discontinuities accompanied the diamagnetic phase transition
(DPT) is handled by Riemann-Hugoniot catastrophe. We show that applicability of
the standard condition for observation of DPT $a\ge$1 where $a$ is the
differential magnetic susceptibility is valid only in the nearest vicinity of
triple degenerate point corresponding to the center of dHvA period, but for
arbitrary value of magnetic field in every period of dHvA oscillations this
condition is modified in accordance with the bifurcation set of cusp
catastrophe. While at the center of dHvA period the symmetric supercritical
pitchfork bifurcation gives rise to the second order phase transition on
temperature, the deviation of magnetic field from the value corresponding to
the center of dHvA period results in the change of the phase transition order
from the second to the first one both on temperature and magnetic field. In the
framework of developed theory we obtain good agreement with available
experimental data.


title:
Raman spectroscopy of graphene on different substrates and influence of
  defects

abstract:
  We show the evolution of Raman spectra with number of graphene layers on
different substrates, SiO$_{2}$/Si and conducting indium tin oxide (ITO) plate.
The G mode peak position and the intensity ratio of G and 2D bands depend on
the preparation of sample for the same number of graphene layers. The 2D Raman
band has characteristic line shapes in single and bilayer graphene, capturing
the differences in their electronic structure. The defects have a significant
influence on the G band peak position for the single layer graphene: the
frequency shows a blue shift upto 12 cm$^{-1}$ depending on the intensity of
the D Raman band, which is a marker of the defect density. Most surprisingly,
Raman spectra of graphene on the conducting ITO plates show a lowering of the G
mode frequency by $\sim$ 6 cm$^{-1}$ and the 2D band frequency by $\sim$ 20
cm$^{-1}$. This red-shift of the G and 2D bands is observed for the first time
in single layer graphene.


title: Trigger strategies for SUSY searches at the LHC

abstract:
  Supersymmetry will be searched for in a variety of final states at the LHC.
It is crucial that a robust, efficient and unbiased trigger selection for SUSY
is implemented from the very early days of data taking. After a brief
description of the ATLAS and the CMS trigger systems, and a more in-depth
discussion of the ATLAS High-Level Trigger, a triggering strategy is outlined
for early SUSY searches at the LHC.


title: Impact of reionization on CMB polarization tests of slow-roll inflation

abstract:
  Estimates of inflationary parameters from the CMB B-mode polarization
spectrum on the largest scales depend on knowledge of the reionization history,
especially at low tensor-to-scalar ratio. Assuming an incorrect reionization
history in the analysis of such polarization data can strongly bias the
inflationary parameters. One consequence is that the single-field slow-roll
consistency relation between the tensor-to-scalar ratio and tensor tilt might
be excluded with high significance even if this relation holds in reality. We
explain the origin of the bias and present case studies with various tensor
amplitudes and noise characteristics. A more model-independent approach can
account for uncertainties about reionization, and we show that parametrizing
the reionization history by a set of its principal components with respect to
E-mode polarization removes the bias in inflationary parameter measurement with
little degradation in precision.


title:
Achernar: Rapid Polarization Variability as Evidence of Photospheric and
  Circumstellar Activity

abstract:
  We present the results of a high accuracy ($\sigma \approx 0.005%$)
polarization monitoring of the Be Star Achernar that was carried out between
July 7th and November 5th, 2006. Our results indicate that, after a near
quiescent phase from 1998 to 2002, Achernar is presently in an active phase and
has built a circumstellar disk. We detect variations both in the polarization
level and position angle in timescales as short as one hour and as long as
several weeks. Detailed modeling of the observed polarization strongly suggests
that the short-term variations originate from discrete mass ejection events
which produce transient inhomogeneities in the inner disk. Long-term
variations, on the other hand, can be explained by the formation of an inner
ring following one or several mass ejection events.


title: Morphology of Condon Domains Phase in Plate-Like Sample

abstract:
  Based on Shoenberg assumption of magnetic flux density dependence of
diamagnetic moments which accounts for an instability of strongly correlated
electron gas at the conditions of dHvA effect and diamagnetic phase transition
(DPT) to non-uniform phase, we investigate the morphology of the Condon domains
(CD) in plate-like sample theoretically. At one period of dHvA oscillations the
intrinsic structure of inhomogeneous diamagnetic phase (IDP) is governed by the
first order phase transitions between different non-uniform phases similar to
the high-anisotropy magnetic systems of spin origin, and strongly affected by
temperature, magnetic field and impurity of the sample due to the electron
correlations. The phase diagrams of evolution of IDP with temperature and
small-scale magnetic field in every period of dHvA oscillations are calculated.


title: A note on plurisubharmonic defining functions in $\mathbb{C}^n$

abstract:
  Let D be a smoothly bounded domain in complex space of dimension larger than
2. Suppose that D admits a smooth defining function which is plurisubharmonic
on the boundary of D. Then the Diederich-Fornaess exponent can be chosen
arbitrarily close to 1, and the closure of D admits a Stein neighborhood basis.


title: Quasilocality of joining/splitting strings from coherent states

abstract:
  Using the coherent state formalism we calculate matrix elements of the
one-loop non-planar dilatation operator of ${\cal N}=4$ SYM between operators
dual to folded Frolov-Tseytlin strings and observe a curious scaling behavior.
We comment on the {\it qualitative} similarity of our matrix elements to the
interaction vertex of a string field theory. In addition, we present a solvable
toy model for string splitting and joining. The scaling behaviour of the matrix
elements suggests that the contribution to the genus one energy shift coming
from semi-classical string splitting and joining is small.


title:
A Minkowski Type Trace Inequality and Strong Subadditivity of Quantum
  Entropy II: Convexity and Concavity

abstract:
  We revisit and prove some convexity inequalities for trace functions
conjectured in the earlier part I. The main functional considered is
  \Phi_{p,q}(A_1,A_2,...,A_m) = (trace((\sum_{j=1}^m A_j^p)^{q/p}))^{1/q} for m
positive definite operators A_j. In part I we only considered the case q=1 and
proved the concavity of \Phi_{p,1} for 0 < p \leq 1 and the convexity for p=2.
We conjectured the convexity of \Phi_{p,1} for 1< p < 2. Here we not only
settle the unresolved case of joint convexity for 1 \leq p \leq 2, we are also
able to include the parameter q\geq 1 and still retain the convexity. Among
other things this leads to a definition of an L^q(L^p) norm for operators when
1 \leq p \leq 2 and a Minkowski inequality for operators on a tensor product of
three Hilbert spaces -- which leads to another proof of strong subadditivity of
entropy. We also prove convexity/concavity properties of some other, related
functionals.


title: Fitting Pulsar Wind Tori. II. Error Analysis and Applications

abstract:
  We have applied the torus fitting procedure described in Ng & Romani (2004)
to PWNe observations in the Chandra data archive. This study provides
quantitative measurement of the PWN geometry and we characterize the
uncertainties in the fits, with statistical errors coming from the fit
uncertainties and systematic errors estimated by varying the assumed fitting
model. The symmetry axis $\Psi$ of the PWN are generally well determined, and
highly model-independent. We often derive a robust value for the spin
inclination $\zeta$. We briefly discuss the utility of these results in
comparison with new radio and high energy pulse measurements


title:
Charged Higgs boson phenomenology in Supersymmetric models with Higgs
  triplets

abstract:
  We present a detailed study of the Higgs sector within an extension of the
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model that includes one Complex Higgs Triplet
(MSSM+1CHT). The model spectrum includes three singly charged Higgs bosons as
well as three CP-even (or scalar) and two CP-odd (or pseudoscalar) neutral
Higgs bosons. We present an approximated calculation of the one-loop radiative
corrections to the neutral CP-even Higgs masses ($m_{H_i^0}$) and the couplings
$H_i^0 Z^0 Z^0$ ($i=1$, 2, 3), which determine the magnitude of the
Higgs-strahlung processes $e^+ e^-\to Z^0 H^0_i$. Limits from LEP2 are then
considered, in order to obtain bounds on the neutral Higgs sector. Further, we
also include the experimental limits from LEP2 on $e^+e^-\to H^+H^-$ and those
on BR($t \to b H^+$) from Tevatron, to derive bounds on the mass of the two
lightest charged Higgs bosons ($H_1^{\pm}$ and $H_2^{\pm}$). Concerning the
latter, we find some cases, where $m_{H_1^{\pm}} \simeq 90$ GeV, that are not
excluded by any experimental bound, even for large values of $\tan\beta$, so
that they should be looked for at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).


title: STACEE Observations of 1ES 1218+304

abstract:
  We present the analysis and results of recent high-energy gamma-ray
observations of the high energy-peaked BL Lac (HBL) object 1ES 1218+304 with
the Solar Tower Atmospheric Cherenkov Effect Experiment (STACEE). 1ES 1218+304
is an X-ray bright HBL at a redshift z=0.182. It has been predicted to be a
gamma-ray emitter above 100 GeV, detectable by ground-based Cherenkov
telescopes. Recently this source has been detected by MAGIC and VERITAS,
confirming these predictions. STACEE's sensitivity to astrophysical sources at
energies above 100 GeV allows it to explore high energy sources such as X-ray
bright active galaxies and gamma-ray bursts. We present results from STACEE
observations of 1ES 1218+304 in the 2006 and 2007 observing seasons.


title:
Interference Cancelation in Coherent CDMA Systems Using Parallel
  Iterative Algorithms

abstract:
  Least mean square-partial parallel interference cancelation (LMS-PPIC) is a
partial interference cancelation using adaptive multistage structure in which
the normalized least mean square (NLMS) adaptive algorithm is engaged to obtain
the cancelation weights. The performance of the NLMS algorithm is mostly
dependent to its step-size. A fixed and non-optimized step-size causes the
propagation of error from one stage to the next one. When all user channels are
balanced, the unit magnitude is the principal property of the cancelation
weight elements. Based on this fact and using a set of NLMS algorithms with
different step-sizes, the parallel LMS-PPIC (PLMS-PPIC) method is proposed. In
each iteration of the algorithm, the parameter estimate of the NLMS algorithm
is chosen to match the elements' magnitudes of the cancelation weight estimate
with unity. Simulation results are given to compare the performance of our
method with the LMS-PPIC algorithm in three cases: balanced channel, unbalanced
channel and time varying channel.


title:
Interference Cancelation in Non-coherent CDMA Systems Using Parallel
  Iterative Algorithms

abstract:
  Parallel least mean square-partial parallel interference cancelation
(PLMS-PPIC) is a partial interference cancelation which employs adaptive
multistage structure. In this algorithm the channel phases for all users are
assumed to be known. Having only their quarters in (0,2\pi), a modified version
of PLMS-PPIC is proposed in this paper to simultaneously estimate the channel
phases and the cancelation weights. Simulation examples are given in the cases
of balanced, unbalanced and time varying channels to show the performance of
the modified PLMS-PPIC method.


title:
Full MIMO Channel Estimation Using A Simple Adaptive Partial Feedback
  Method

abstract:
  Partial feedback in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication
systems provides tremendous capacity gain and enables the transmitter to
exploit channel condition and to eliminate channel interference. In the case of
severely limited feedback, constructing a quantized partial feedback is an
important issue. To reduce the computational complexity of the feedback system,
in this paper we introduce an adaptive partial method in which at the
transmitter, an easy to implement least square adaptive algorithm is engaged to
compute the channel state information. In this scheme at the receiver, the time
varying step-size is replied to the transmitter via a reliable feedback
channel. The transmitter iteratively employs this feedback information to
estimate the channel weights. This method is independent of the employed
space-time coding schemes and gives all channel components. Simulation examples
are given to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.


title: Structural Conditions for Full MHD Equations

abstract:
  In this paper, we investigate the characteristic structure of the full
equations of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and show that it satisfies the
hypotheses of a general variable-multiplicity stability frame- work introduced
by Metivier and Zumbrun, thereby extending to the general case various results
obtained by Metivier and Zumbrun for the isentropic equations of MHD.


title: Integral means spectrum of random conformal snowflakes

abstract:
  In this paper we construct random conformal snowflakes with large integral
means spectrum at different points. These new estimates are significant
improvement over previously known lower bound of the universal spectrum. Our
estimates are within 5-10 percent from the conjectured value of the universal
spectrum.


title:
Hochschild and cyclic (co)homology of preprojective algebras of quivers
  of type T

abstract:
  We calculate the additive and multiplicative structure (together with the
grading) of the Hochschild homology and cohomology and the cyclic homology of
preprojective algebras of types T. We also compute the calculus structure which
is formed by the Hochschild homology/cohomology pair.


title: Consistent Truncation to Three Dimensional (Super-)gravity

abstract:
  For a general three dimensional theory of (super-)gravity coupled to
arbitrary matter fields with arbitrary set of higher derivative terms in the
effective action, we give an algorithm for consistently truncating the theory
to a theory of pure (super-)gravity with the gravitational sector containing
only Einstein-Hilbert, cosmological constant and Chern-Simons terms. We also
outline the procedure for finding the parameters of the truncated theory. As an
example we consider dimensional reduction on S^2 of the 5-dimensional minimal
supergravity with curvature squared terms and obtain the truncated theory
without any curvature squared terms. This truncated theory reproduces correctly
the exact central charge of the boundary CFT.


title:
Composition-dependent polarization switching behaviors of
  (111)-preferred polycrystalline Pb(Zr_{x}Ti_{1-x})O_{3} thin films

abstract:
  We investigated the time-dependent polarization switching behaviors of
(111)-preferred polycrystalline Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 thin films with various Zr
concentrations. We could explain all the polarization switching behaviors well
by assuming Lorentzian distributions in the logarithmic polarization switching
time [Refer to J. Y. Jo et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. (in press)]. Based on this
analysis, we found that the Zr ion-substitution for Ti ions would induce broad
distributions in the local field due to defect dipoles, which makes the
ferroelectric domain switching occur more easily.


title:
On a Connection between Entropy, Extensive Measurement and Memoryless
  Characterization

abstract:
  We define an entropy based on a chosen governing probability distribution. If
a certain kind of measurements follow such a distribution it also gives us a
suitable scale to study it with. This scale will appear as a link function that
is applied to the measurements. A link function can also be used to define an
alternative structure on a set. We will see that generalized entropies are
equivalent to using a different scale for the phenomenon that is studied
compared to the scale the measurements arrive on. An extensive measurement
scale is here a scale for which measurements fulfill a memoryless property. We
conclude that the alternative algebraic structure defined by the link function
must be used if we continue to work on the original scale. We derive Tsallis
entropy by using a generalized log-logistic governing distribution. Typical
applications of Tsallis entropy are related to phenomena with power-law
behaviour.


title:
A quick search method for audio signals based on a piecewise linear
  representation of feature trajectories

abstract:
  This paper presents a new method for a quick similarity-based search through
long unlabeled audio streams to detect and locate audio clips provided by
users. The method involves feature-dimension reduction based on a piecewise
linear representation of a sequential feature trajectory extracted from a long
audio stream. Two techniques enable us to obtain a piecewise linear
representation: the dynamic segmentation of feature trajectories and the
segment-based Karhunen-L\'{o}eve (KL) transform. The proposed search method
guarantees the same search results as the search method without the proposed
feature-dimension reduction method in principle. Experiment results indicate
significant improvements in search speed. For example the proposed method
reduced the total search time to approximately 1/12 that of previous methods
and detected queries in approximately 0.3 seconds from a 200-hour audio
database.


title:
Thermodynamic and structural consensus principle predicts mature miRNA
  location and structure, categorizes conserved interspecies miRNA subgroups,
  and hints new possible mechanisms of miRNA maturization

abstract:
  Although conservation of thermodynamics is much less studied than of
sequences and structures, thermodynamic details are biophysical features
different from but as important as structural features. As a succession of
previous research which revealed the important relationships between
thermodynamic features and miRNA maturization, this article applies
interspecies conservation of miRNA thermodynamics and structures to study miRNA
maturization. According to a thermodynamic and structural consensus principle,
miRBase is categorized by conservation subgroups, which imply various
functions. These subgroups are divided without the introduction of functional
information. This suggests the consistency between the two processes of miRNA
maturization and functioning. Different from prevailing methods which predict
extended miRNA precursors, a learning-based algorithm is proposed to predict
~22bp mature parts of 2780 test miRNA genes in 44 species with a rate of 79.4%.
This is the first attempt of a general interspecies prediction of mature
miRNAs. Suboptimal structures that most fit the consensus thermodynamic and
structural profiles are chosen to improve structure prediction. Distribution of
miRNA locations on corresponding pri-miRNA stem-loop structures is then
studied. Existing research on Drosha cleavage site is not generally true across
species. Instead, the distance between mature miRNA and center loop normalized
by stem length is a more conserved structural feature in animals, and the
normalized distance between mature miRNA and ss-RNA tail is the counterpart in
plants. This suggests two possibly-updating mechanisms of miRNA maturization in
animals and plants. All in all, conservations of thermodynamics together with
other features are shown closely related to miRNA maturization.


title:
Beyond Feedforward Models Trained by Backpropagation: a Practical
  Training Tool for a More Efficient Universal Approximator

abstract:
  Cellular Simultaneous Recurrent Neural Network (SRN) has been shown to be a
function approximator more powerful than the MLP. This means that the
complexity of MLP would be prohibitively large for some problems while SRN
could realize the desired mapping with acceptable computational constraints.
The speed of training of complex recurrent networks is crucial to their
successful application. Present work improves the previous results by training
the network with extended Kalman filter (EKF). We implemented a generic
Cellular SRN and applied it for solving two challenging problems: 2D maze
navigation and a subset of the connectedness problem. The speed of convergence
has been improved by several orders of magnitude in comparison with the earlier
results in the case of maze navigation, and superior generalization has been
demonstrated in the case of connectedness. The implications of this
improvements are discussed.


title: Late time tails in the Kerr spacetime

abstract:
  Outside a black hole, perturbation fields die off in time as $1/t^n$. For
spherical holes $n=2\ell+3$ where $\ell$ is the multipole index. In the
nonspherical Kerr spacetime there is no coordinate-independent meaning of
"multipole," and a common sense viewpoint is to set $\ell$ to the lowest
radiatiable index, although theoretical studies have led to very different
claims. Numerical results, to date, have been controversial. Here we show that
expansion for small Kerr spin parameter $a$ leads to very definite numerical
results confirming previous theoretical analyses.


title:
Critical charge dynamics of superconducting LSCO thin films probed by
  complex microwave spectroscopy: Anomalous changes of the universality class
  by hole doping

abstract:
  We study the critical charge dynamics of the superconducting to the
normal-state transition for LSCO thin films with a wide range of the Sr
concentration, by measuring the frequency-dependent excess parts of the complex
microwave conductivity, which is induced by the superconducting fluctuations.
We present a dynamic scaling analysis of the complex fluctuation conductivity,
which includes the information on the universality class and the dimensionality
of the critical charge dynamics as a function of the Sr concentration, the film
thickness and the magnetic field. In our previous study (H. Kitano et al.,
Phys. Rev. B 73, 092504 (2006).), the 2D-XY critical dynamics for underdoped
LSCO and the 3D-XY critical dynamics for optimally doped LSCO were reported. In
this study, we observed a novel two-dimensional unknown critical charge
dynamics for overdoped thin films from x=0.17 to 0.20, which is clearly
distinguished from the 2D-XY critical dynamics. Through the systematic
measurements by changing the film thickness or by applying small magnetic
field, it was confirmed that this unusual behavior, which is referred as 2D-"U"
below, was not induced by the finite size effect but was intrinsic to the
overdoped LSCO. Thus, it was found that the critical behavior in the phase
diagram of LSCO is classified into the following three types; (i) 2D-XY for
underdoped region, (ii) 3D-XY for optimally doped region, and (iii) 2D-"U" for
overdoped region. In other words, the dimensionality in the critical charge
dynamics is changed twice with hole doping. We discuss possible origins of such
anomalous dimensional crossovers with hole doping, including an interpretation
based on the possible existence of a hidden quantum critical point near the
optimally doped region.


title: Baryonium, tetra-quark state and glue-ball in large N_c QCD

abstract:
  From the large-N_c QCD point of view, baryonia, tetra-quark states, hybrids,
and glueballs are studied. The existence of these states is argued for. They
are constructed from baryons. In N_f=1 large N_c QCD, a baryonium is always
identical to a glueball with N_c valence gluons. The ground state 0^{-+}
glueball has a mass about 2450 MeV. f_0(1710) is identified as the lowest
0^{++} glueball. The lowest four-quark nonet should be f_0(1370), a_0(1450),
K^*_0(1430) and f_0(1500). Combining with the heavy quark effective theory,
spectra of heavy baryonia and heavy tetra-quark states are predicted. 1/N_c
corrections are discussed.


title:
Reflection of microwave from energy deposit by X-ray irradiation in rock
  salt: Implication of an ultra high energy salt neutrino detector to act like
  a radio bubble chamber

abstract:
  Existence of GZK neutrinos (ultra high energy neutrinos) have been justified
although the flux is very low. A new method is desired to use a huge mass of a
detector medium to detect them. A fundamental study of radar method was carried
out to measure microwave reflection from electromagnetic energy deposit by
X-ray irradiation in a small rock salt sample. The reflection rate of 1x10^-6
was found at the energy deposit of 1x10^19 eV which was proportional to square
of the X-ray intensity suggesting the effect to be coherent scattering. The
decay time of the reflection was several seconds. This effect implies a large
scale natural rock salt formation could be utilized like a bubble chamber
irradiated by radio wave instead of visible light to detect GZK neutrinos.


title: Universal coding for correlated sources with complementary delivery

abstract:
  This paper deals with a universal coding problem for a certain kind of
multiterminal source coding system that we call the complementary delivery
coding system. In this system, messages from two correlated sources are jointly
encoded, and each decoder has access to one of the two messages to enable it to
reproduce the other message. Both fixed-to-fixed length and fixed-to-variable
length lossless coding schemes are considered. Explicit constructions of
universal codes and bounds of the error probabilities are clarified via
type-theoretical and graph-theoretical analyses. [[Keywords]] multiterminal
source coding, complementary delivery, universal coding, types of sequences,
bipartite graphs


title: Mode-coupling theory of sheared dense granular liquids

abstract:
  Mode-coupling theory (MCT) of sheared dense granular liquids %in the vicinity
of jamming transition is formulated. Starting from the Liouville equation of
granular particles, the generalized Langevin equation is derived with the aid
of the projection operator technique. The MCT equation for the density
correlation function obtained from the generalized Langevin equation is almost
equivalent to MCT equation for elastic particles under the shear. It is found
that there should be the plateau in the density correlation function.


title: Structural relaxation around substitutional Cr3+ in pyrope garnet

abstract:
  The structural environment of substitutional Cr3+ ion in a natural pyrope
Mg3Al2Si3O12 has been investigated by Cr K-edge Extended X-ray Absorption Fine
Structure (EXAFS) and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) coupled with
first-principles computations. The Cr-O distance is close to that in
knorringite Mg3Cr2Si3O12, indicating a full relaxation of the first neighbors.
The local C3i symmetry of the octahedral Y site is retained during Cr-Al
substitution. The second and third shells of neighbors (Mg and Si) relax only
partially. Site relaxation is accommodated by strain-induced bond buckling,
with angular tilts of the Si-centered tetrahedra around the Cr-centered
octahedron, and by a radial deformation of the Mg-centered dodecahedra.


title: Parameter estimation of ODE's via nonparametric estimators

abstract:
  Ordinary differential equations (ODE's) are widespread models in physics,
chemistry and biology. In particular, this mathematical formalism is used for
describing the evolution of complex systems and it might consist of
high-dimensional sets of coupled nonlinear differential equations. In this
setting, we propose a general method for estimating the parameters indexing
ODE's from times series. Our method is able to alleviate the computational
difficulties encountered by the classical parametric methods. These
difficulties are due to the implicit definition of the model. We propose the
use of a nonparametric estimator of regression functions as a first-step in the
construction of an M-estimator, and we show the consistency of the derived
estimator under general conditions. In the case of spline estimators, we prove
asymptotic normality, and that the rate of convergence is the usual
$\sqrt{n}$-rate for parametric estimators. Some perspectives of refinements of
this new family of parametric estimators are given.


title:
Anisotropic Magnification Distortion of the 3D Galaxy Correlation: II.
  Fourier and Redshift Space

abstract:
  In paper I of this series we discuss how magnification bias distorts the 3D
correlation function by enhancing the observed correlation in the line-of-sight
(LOS) orientation, especially on large scales. This lensing anisotropy is
distinctive, making it possible to separately measure the galaxy-galaxy,
galaxy-magnification {\it and} magnification-magnification correlations. Here
we extend the discussion to the power spectrum and also to redshift space. In
real space, pairs oriented close to the LOS direction are not protected against
nonlinearity even if the pair separation is large; this is because nonlinear
fluctuations can enter through gravitational lensing at a small transverse
separation (or i.e. impact parameter). The situation in Fourier space is
different: by focusing on a small wavenumber $k$, as is usually done, linearity
is guaranteed because both the LOS and transverse wavenumbers must be small.
This is why magnification distortion of the galaxy correlation appears less
severe in Fourier space. Nonetheless, the effect is non-negligible, especially
for the transverse Fourier modes, and should be taken into account in
interpreting precision measurements of the galaxy power spectrum, for instance
those that focus on the baryon oscillations. The lensing induced anisotropy of
the power spectrum has a shape that is distinct from the more well known
redshift space anisotropies due to peculiar motions and the Alcock-Paczynski
effect. The lensing anisotropy is highly localized in Fourier space while
redshift space distortions are more spread out. This means that one could
separate the magnification bias component in real observations, implying that
potentially it is possible to perform a gravitational lensing measurement
without measuring galaxy shapes.


title: Nuclear Matter and Neutron stars in a Parity Doublet Model

abstract:
  We investigate the properties of isospin-symmetric nuclear matter and neutron
stars in a chiral model approach adopting the SU(2) parity doublet formulation.
This ansatz explicitly incorporates chiral symmetry restoration with the limit
of degenerate masses of the nucleons and their parity partners. Instead of
searching for an optimized parameter set we explore the general parameter
dependence of nuclear matter and star properties in the model. We are able to
get a good description of ground state nuclear matter as well as large values
of mass for neutron stars in agreement with observation.


title: Reaction cross sections of carbon isotopes incident on a proton

abstract:
  We systematically study total reaction cross sections of carbon isotopes with
N=6-16 on a proton target for wide range of incident energies, putting an
emphasis on the difference from the case of a carbon target. The analysis
includes the reaction cross sections of ^{19,20,22}C at 40 AMeV, the data of
which have recently been measured at RIKEN. The Glauber theory is used to
calculate the reaction cross sections. To describe the intrinsic structure of
the carbon isotopes, we use a Slater determinant generated from a
phenomenological mean-field potential, and construct the density distributions.
To go beyond the simple mean-field model, we adopt two types of dynamical
models: One is a core+n model for odd-neutron nuclei, and the other is a
core+n+n model for 16C and 22C. We propose empirical formulas which are useful
in predicting unknown cross sections.


title: On the Hodge-Newton filtration for p-divisible O-modules

abstract:
  The notions Hodge-Newton decomposition and Hodge-Newton filtration for
F-crystals are due to Katz and generalize Messing's result on the existence of
the local-\'etale filtration for p-divisible groups. Recently, some of Katz's
classical results have been generalized by Kottwitz to the context of
F-crystals with additional structures and by Moonen to $\mu$-ordinary
p-divisible groups. In this paper, we discuss further generalizations to the
situation of crystals in characteristic p and of p-divisible groups with
additional structure by endomorphisms.


title: Simple helices on Fano threefolds

abstract:
  Building on the work of Nogin \cite{Nogin}, we prove that the braid group
$B_4$ acts transitively on full exceptional collections of vector bundles on
Fano threefolds with $b_2=1$ and $b_3=0$. Equivalently, this group acts
transitively on the set of simple helices (considered up to a shift in the
derived category) on such a Fano threefold. We also prove that on threefolds
with $b_2=1$ and very ample anticanonical class, every exceptional coherent
sheaf is locally free.


title:
Magnitude Uncertainties Impact Seismic Rate Estimates, Forecasts and
  Predictability Experiments

abstract:
  The Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP) aims to
prospectively test time-dependent earthquake probability forecasts on their
consistency with observations. To compete, time-dependent seismicity models are
calibrated on earthquake catalog data. But catalogs contain much observational
uncertainty. We study the impact of magnitude uncertainties on rate estimates
in clustering models, on their forecasts and on their evaluation by CSEP's
consistency tests. First, we quantify magnitude uncertainties. We find that
magnitude uncertainty is more heavy-tailed than a Gaussian, such as a
double-sided exponential distribution, with scale parameter nu_c=0.1 - 0.3.
Second, we study the impact of such noise on the forecasts of a simple
clustering model which captures the main ingredients of popular short term
models. We prove that the deviations of noisy forecasts from an exact forecast
are power law distributed in the tail with exponent alpha=1/(a*nu_c), where a
is the exponent of the productivity law of aftershocks. We further prove that
the typical scale of the fluctuations remains sensitively dependent on the
specific catalog. Third, we study how noisy forecasts are evaluated in CSEP
consistency tests. Noisy forecasts are rejected more frequently than expected
for a given confidence limit. The Poisson assumption of the consistency tests
is inadequate for short-term forecast evaluations. To capture the
idiosyncrasies of each model together with any propagating uncertainties, the
forecasts need to specify the entire likelihood distribution of seismic rates.


title: The equation of state at high temperatures from lattice QCD

abstract:
  We present results for the equation of state upto previously unreachable,
high temperatures. Since the temperature range is quite large, a comparison
with perturbation theory can be done directly.


title:
Topological Classification of Gapped Spin Chains :Quantized Berry Phase
  as a Local Order Parameter

abstract:
  We characterize several phases of gapped spin systems by local order
parameters defined by quantized Berry phases. This characterization is
topologically stable against any small perturbation as long as the energy gap
remains finite. The models we pick up are $S=1,2$ dimerized Heisenberg chains
and S=2 Heisenberg chains with uniaxial single-ion-type anisotropy.
Analytically we also evaluate the topological local order parameters for the
generalized Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) model. The relation between the
present Berry phases and the fractionalization in the integer spin chains are
discussed as well.


title: Observation of Orbitally Excited B_s Mesons

abstract:
  We report the first observation of two narrow resonances consistent with
states of orbitally excited (L=1) B_s mesons using 1 fb^{-1} of ppbar
collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector at the
Fermilab Tevatron. We use two-body decays into K^- and B^+ mesons reconstructed
as B^+ \to J/\psi K^+, J/\psi \to \mu^+ \mu^- or B^+ \to \bar{D}^0 \pi^+,
\bar{D}^0 \to K^+ \pi^-. We deduce the masses of the two states to be m(B_{s1})
= 5829.4 +- 0.7 MeV/c^2 and m(B_{s2}^*) = 5839.7 +- 0.7 MeV/c^2.


title:
Global L2-Boundedness Theorems for Semiclassical Fourier Integral
  Operators with Complex Phase

abstract:
  In this work, a class of semiclassical Fourier Integral Operators (FIOs) with
complex phase associated to some canonical transformation of the phase space
$T^*\R^d$ is constructed. Upon some general boundedness assumptions on the
symbol and the canonical transformation, their continuity (as operators) from
the Schwartz class into itself and from $L^2$ into itself are proven.


title: The role of energy-momentum conservation in emission of Cherenkov gluons

abstract:
  The famous formula for the emission angle of Cherenkov radiation should be
modified when applied to hadronic reactions because of recoil effects. They
impose the upper limit on the energy of the gluon emitted at a given angle.
Also, it leads to essential corrections to the nuclear refractive index value
as determined from the angular position of Cherenkov rings.


title:
Sub-millimeter Observations of Giant Molecular Clouds in the Large
  Magellanic Cloud: Temperature and Density as Determined from J=3-2 and J=1-0
  transitions of CO

abstract:
  We have carried out sub-mm 12CO(J=3-2) observations of 6 giant molecular
clouds (GMCs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) with the ASTE 10m sub-mm
telescope at a spatial resolution of 5 pc and very high sensitivity. We have
identified 32 molecular clumps in the GMCs and revealed significant details of
the warm and dense molecular gas with n(H2) $\sim$ 10$^{3-5}$ cm$^{-3}$ and
Tkin $\sim$ 60 K. These data are combined with 12CO(J=1-0) and 13CO(J=1-0)
results and compared with LVG calculations. We found that the ratio of
12CO(J=3-2) to 12CO(J=1-0) emission is sensitive to and is well correlated with
the local Halpha flux. We interpret that differences of clump propeties
represent an evolutionary sequence of GMCs in terms of density increase leading
to star formation.Type I and II GMCs (starless GMCs and GMCs with HII regions
only, respectively) are at the young phase of star formation where density does
not yet become high enough to show active star formation and Type III GMCs
(GMCs with HII regions and young star clusters) represents the later phase
where the average density is increased and the GMCs are forming massive stars.
The high kinetic temperature correlated with \Halpha flux suggests that FUV
heating is dominant in the molecular gas of the LMC.


title:
Baryon to Meson Ratios on the Near and Away-Side of Jets and their
  Centrality Dependence at STAR

abstract:
  We measure relative abundances of $K_{S}^{0}$, $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$
in near-side and away-side cones correlated with triggered high-$p_{T}$
particles in $^{197}$Au + $^{197}$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.
The centrality dependence of identified particles in the triggered particle
cones is also presented. Particle yields and ratios are extracted on the
near-side and away-side of the trigger particle. The associate-particle ratios
are studied as a function of the angle relative to the trigger particle azimuth
$\Delta\phi$. Such studies should help elucidate the origin of the
modifications in the jet like correlations observed in Au+Au collisions
relative to p+p collisions. And these studies also will help understand the
variation of local parton densities at the away side. We discuss how these
measurements might be related to several scenarios for interactions of fast
partons with the medium created in Au+Au collision.


title:
Chirality sensitive effect on surface states in chiral p-wave
  superconductors

abstract:
  We study the local density of states at the surface of a chiral p-wave
superconductor in the presence of a weak magnetic field. As a result, the
formation of low-energy Andreev bound states is either suppressed or enhanced
by an applied magnetic field, depending on its orientation with respect to the
chirality of the p-wave superconductor. Similarly, an Abrikosov vortex, which
is situated not too far from the surface, leads to a zero-energy peak of the
density of states, if its chirality is the same as that of the superconductor,
and to a gap structure for the opposite case. We explain the underlying
principle of this effect and propose a chirality sensitive test on
unconventional superconductors.


title: Factorization Approach for Top Mass Reconstruction at High Energies

abstract:
  Using effective theories for jets and heavy quarks it is possible to prove
that the double differential top-antitop invariant mass distribution for the
process $e^+e^-\to t\bar t$ in the resonance region for c.m. energies $Q$ much
larger than the top mass can factorized into perturbatively computable hard
coefficients and jet functions and a non-perturbative soft function. For
invariant mass prescriptions based on hemispheres defined with respect to the
thrust axis the soft function can be extracted from massless jet event shape
distributions. This approach allows in principle for top mass determinations
without uncertainties from hadronization using the reconstruction method and to
quantify the top mass scheme dependence of the measured top quark mass value.