title:
Lithium abundances in the old open cluster NGC 3960 from VLT/FLAMES
  observations

abstract:
  Old open clusters are very useful targets to investigate mechanisms
responsible for lithium (Li) depletion during the main sequence. Comparison of
the Li abundances in clusters of different age allows us to understand the
efficiency of the Li destruction process. Our goal is the determination of
membership and Li abundance in a sample of candidate members of the open
cluster NGC 3960 (age ~1 Gyr), with the aim to fill the gap between 0.6 and 2
Gyr in the empirical description of the behavior of the average Li abundance as
a function of the stellar age. We use VLT/FLAMES Giraffe spectra to determine
the radial velocities and thus the membership of a sample of 113
photometrically selected candidate cluster members. From the analysis of the Li
line we derive Li abundances for both cluster members and non-members. 39 stars
have radial velocity consistent with membership, with an expected fraction of
contaminating field stars of about 20%. Li is detected in 29 of the RV members;
we consider these stars as cluster members, while we make the reasonable
assumption that the remaining 10 RV members without Li, are among the
contaminating stars. Li abundances of the stars hotter than about 6000 K are
similar to those of stars in the Hyades, while they are slightly smaller for
cooler stars. This confirms that NGC 3960 is older than the Hyades. The average
Li abundance of stars cooler than about 6000 K indicates that the Li Pop. I
plateau might start already at ~1 Gyr rather than 2 Gyr that is the upper limit
previously derived in the literature. We also find that the fraction of field
stars with high Li abundance (>1.5) is about one third of the whole sample,
which is in agreement with previous estimates. The fraction of contaminating
field stars is consistent with that previously derived by us from photometry.


title:
Toward a Deterministic Model of Planetary Formation IV: Effects of
  Type-I Migration

abstract:
  In a further development of a deterministic planet-formation model (Ida & Lin
2004), we consider the effect of type-I migration of protoplanetary embryos due
to their tidal interaction with their nascent disks. During the early embedded
phase of protostellar disks, although embryos rapidly emerge in regions
interior to the ice line, uninhibited type-I migration leads to their efficient
self-clearing. But, embryos continue to form from residual planetesimals at
increasingly large radii, repeatedly migrate inward, and provide a main channel
of heavy element accretion onto their host stars. During the advanced stages of
disk evolution (a few Myr), the gas surface density declines to values
comparable to or smaller than that of the minimum mass nebula model and type-I
migration is no longer an effective disruption mechanism for mars-mass embryos.
Over wide ranges of initial disk surface densities and type-I migration
efficiency, the surviving population of embryos interior to the ice line has a
total mass several times that of the Earth. With this reservoir, there is an
adequate inventory of residual embryos to subsequently assemble into rocky
planets similar to those around the Sun. But, the onset of efficient gas
accretion requires the emergence and retention of cores, more massive than a
few M_earth, prior to the severe depletion of the disk gas. The formation
probability of gas giant planets and hence the predicted mass and semimajor
axis distributions of extrasolar gas giants are sensitively determined by the
strength of type-I migration. We suggest that the observed fraction of
solar-type stars with gas giant planets can be reproduced only if the actual
type-I migration time scale is an order of magnitude longer than that deduced
from linear theories.


title: Time-reversal properties in the coupling of quantum angular momenta

abstract:
  After a synoptic panorama about some still unsolved foundational problems
involving time-reversal, we show that the \emph{double time-reversal
superselection rule} of Nonrelativistic Quantum Mechanics is redundant. We then
analyze which, among the symmetries of the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, may be
inferred through time-reversal considerations. Finally, we show how Coupling
Theory allows to improve our comprehension of the fact that, in presence of
hidden symmetries, Wigner's Theorem concerning Kramers degeneration cannot be
applied, by analyzing a set of Z uncoupled massive particles, both in the case
in which they are bosons of spin zero and in the case in which they are
fermions of spin 1/2, subjected to a Keplerian force's field and considering
the coupling of the 2Z quantum angular momenta resulting by the hidden SO(4)
symmetry owed to the fact that, apart from the rotational SO(3) symmetry
responsible of the conservation of the angular momentum, the Laplace-Runge-Lenz
vector is also conserved.


title:
Confinement of the Sun's interior magnetic field: some exact
  boundary-layer solutions

abstract:
  High-latitude laminar confinement of the Sun's interior magnetic field is
shown to be possible, as originally proposed by Gough and McIntyre (1998) but
contrary to a recent claim by Brun and Zahn (A&A 2006). Mean downwelling as
weak as 2x10^-6cm/s -- gyroscopically pumped by turbulent stresses in the
overlying convection zone and/or tachocline -- can hold the field in
advective-diffusive balance within a confinement layer of thickness scale ~
1.5Mm ~ 0.002 x (solar radius) while transmitting a retrograde torque to the
Ferraro-constrained interior. The confinement layer sits at the base of the
high-latitude tachocline, near the top of the radiative envelope and just above
the `tachopause' marking the top of the helium settling layer. A family of
exact, laminar, frictionless, axisymmetric confinement-layer solutions is
obtained for uniform downwelling in the limit of strong rotation and
stratification. A scale analysis shows that the flow is dynamically stable and
the assumption of laminar flow realistic. The solution remains valid for
downwelling values of the order of 10^-5cm/s but not much larger. This suggests
that the confinement layer may be unable to accept a much larger mass
throughput. Such a restriction would imply an upper limit on possible internal
field strengths, perhaps of the order of hundreds of gauss, and would have
implications also for ventilation and lithium burning.
  The solutions have interesting chirality properties not mentioned in the
paper owing to space restrictions, but described at
http://www.atmos-dynamics.damtp.cam.ac.uk/people/mem/papers/SQBO/solarfigure.html


title: Chaos in the thermal regime for pinned manifolds via functional RG

abstract:
  The statistical correlations of two copies of a d-dimensional elastic
manifold embedded in slightly different frozen disorder are studied using the
Functional Renormalization Group to one-loop accuracy, order O(eps = 4-d).
Determining the initial (short scale) growth of mutual correlations, i.e. chaos
exponents, requires control of a system of coupled differential (FRG) equations
(for the renormalized mutual and self disorder correlators) in a very delicate
boundary layer regime. Some progress is achieved at non-zero temperature, where
linear analysis can be used. A growth exponent a is defined from center of mass
fluctuations in a quadratic potential. In the case where temperature is
marginal, e.g. a periodic manifold in d=2, we demonstrate analytically and
numerically that a = eps (1/3 - 1/(2 log(1/T)) with interesting and unexpected
logarithmic corrections at low T. For short range (random bond) disorder our
analysis indicates that a = 0.083346(6) eps, with large finite size
corrections.


title: Enhancement of the Benjamin-Feir instability with dissipation

abstract:
  It is shown that there is an overlooked mechanism whereby some kinds of
dissipation can enhance the Benjamin-Feir instability of water waves. This
observation is new, and although it is counterintuitive, it is due to the fact
that the Benjamin-Feir instability involves the collision of modes with
opposite energy sign (relative to the carrier wave), and it is the negative
energy perturbations which are enhanced.


title: Observation of GRBs by the MAGIC Telescope, Status and Outlook

abstract:
  Observation of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) in the Very High Energy (VHE) domain
will provide important information on the physical conditions in GRB outflows.
The MAGIC telescope is the best suited Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope
(IACT) for these observations. Thanks to its fast repositioning time and low
energy threshold, MAGIC is able to start quickly the follow-up observation,
triggered by an alert from the GRB Coordinates Network (GCN), and observe the
prompt emission and early afterglow phase from GRBs. In the last two years of
operation several GRB follow-up observations were performed by MAGIC, however,
until now without successful detection of VHE gamma rays above threshold
energies >100 GeV. In this paper we revise the expectations for the GRB
observations with MAGIC, based on the experience from the last years of
operation.


title: Towards a dephasing diode: asymmetric and geometric dephasing

abstract:
  We study the effect of a noisy environment on spin and charge transport in
ballistic quantum wires with spin-orbit coupling (Rashba coupling). We find
that the wire then acts as a ``dephasing diode'', inducing very different
dephasing of the spins of right and left movers. We also show how Berry phase
(geometric phase) in a curved wire can induce such asymmetric dephasing, in
addition to purely geometric dephasing. We propose ways to measure these
effects through spin detectors, spin-echo techniques, and Aharanov-Bohm
interferometry.


title:
Hysteretic response of electron-nuclear spin system in single InAlAs
  quantum dots:Excitation power and polarization dependences

abstract:
  We report the hysteresis of optically-pumped nuclear spin polarization and
the degree of circular polarization of photoluminescence on the excitation
power and electron spin polarization in single InAlAs quantum dots. By
increasing (or decreasing) the excitation power at a particular excitation
polarization, an abrupt rise (or drop) and a clear hysteretic behavior were
observed in the Overhauser shift of the photoluminescence of the exciton and
exciton complexes from the same single quantum dot under an external magnetic
field of 5 T. However, the degree of circular polarization shows different
behaviors between a positively charged exciton and a neutral exciton or
biexciton; further, only positively charged exciton exhibits the precisely
synchronized change and hysteretic behavior. It is suggested that the electron
spin distribution is affected by the flip-flop of electron-nuclear spins.
Further, the hysteresis is observed as a function of the degree of circular
polarization of the excitation light and its dependence on the excitation power
is studied. The saturation of the Overhauser shift after the abrupt rise
indicates the almost complete cancellation of the external magnetic field by
the nuclear field created within the width that is decided by the correlation
time between the electron and the nuclei spin system.


title:
Decoherence induced by an interacting spin environment in the transition
  from integrability to chaos

abstract:
  We investigate the decoherence properties of a central system composed of two
spins 1/2 in contact with a spin bath. The dynamical regime of the bath ranges
from a fully integrable integrable limit to complete chaoticity. We show that
the dynamical regime of the bath determines the efficiency of the decoherence
process. For perturbative regimes, the integrable limit provides stronger
decoherence, while in the strong coupling regime the chaotic limit becomes more
efficient. We also show that the decoherence time behaves in a similar way. On
the contrary, the rate of decay of magnitudes like linear entropy or fidelity
does not depend on the dynamical regime of the bath. We interpret the latter
results as due to a comparable complexity of the Hamiltonian for both the
integrable and the fully chaotic limits.

categories: cond-mat.mes-hall astro-ph cond-mat.dis-nn quant-ph


title: Flavor states of mixed neutrinos

abstract:
  By resorting to previous results on flavor mixing in Quantum Field Theory, we
show how to consistently define flavor states of mixed neutrinos as eigenstates
of the flavor charge operators.


title: A nonlinear Poisson formula for the Schrodinger operator

abstract:
  We prove a nonlinear Poisson type formula for the Schrodinger group. Such a
formula had been derived in a previous paper by the authors, as a consequence
of the study of the asymptotic behavior of nonlinear wave operators for small
data. In this note, we propose a direct proof, and extend the range allowed for
the power of the nonlinearity to the set of all short range nonlinearities.
Moreover, energy-critical nonlinearities are allowed.


title: MAGIC upper limits on the high energy emission from GRBs

abstract:
  During its cycle-1 observation period, between April 2005 and March 2006, the
MAGIC telescope was able to observe nine Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) events since
their early beginning. Other observations were performed during the following
months in the cycle-2 observation period. The observations, with an energy
threshold spanning from 80 to 200 GeV, did not reveal any gamma ray emission.
The computed upper limits are compatible with a power law extrapolation, where
intrinsic fluxes are evaluated taking into account the attenuation due to the
scattering in the metagalactic radiation field.


title: Kurt Goedel and His Universe

abstract:
  A portrait of Kurt Goedel with emphasis on his work on relativity theory and
idealistic philosophy.


title:
Exact shering box solutions of MHD flows with resistivity, viscosity and
  cooling

abstract:
  Axisymmetric incompressible modes of the magneto-rotational instability (MRI)
with a vertical wavenumber are exact solutions of the non-linear local
equations of motion for a disk (shearing box). They are referred to as "channel
solutions". Here, we generalize a class of these solutions to include energy
losses, viscous, and resistive effects. In the limit of zero shear, we recover
the result that torsional Alfv\'en waves are exact solutions of the non-linear
equations. Our method allows the extension of these solutions into the
dissipative regime.
  These new solutions serve as benchmarks for simulations including dissipation
and energy loss, and to calibrate numerical viscosity and resistivity in the
Zeus3D code. We quantify the anisotropy of numerical dissipation and compute
its scaling with time and space resolution. We find a strong dependence of the
dissipation on the mean magnetic field that may affect the saturation state of
the MRI as computed with Zeus3D. It is also shown that elongated grid cells
generally preclude isotropic dissipation and that a Courant time step smaller
than that which is commonly used should be taken to avoid spurious
anti-diffusion of magnetic field.


title: One page proof of the Riemann hypothesis

abstract:
  We give a short Wiener measure proof of the Riemann hypothesis based on a
surprising, unexpected and deep relation between the Riemann zeta $\zeta(s)$
and the trivial zeta $\zeta_{t}(s):=Im(s)(2Re(s)-1)$.


title:
Non-universality of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution
  functions

abstract:
  In the field theoretical description of hadronic scattering processes, single
transverse-spin asymmetries arise due to gluon initial and final state
interactions. These interactions lead to process dependent Wilson lines in the
operator definitions of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution
functions. In particular for hadron-hadron scattering processes with hadronic
final states this has important ramifications for possible factorization
formulas in terms of (non)universal TMD parton distribution functions. In this
paper we will systematically separate the universality-breaking parts of the
TMD parton correlators from the universal T-even and T-odd parts. This might
play an important role in future factorization studies for these processes. We
also show that such factorization theorems will (amongst others) involve the
gluonic pole cross sections, which have previously been shown to describe the
hard partonic scattering in weighted spin asymmetries.


title:
Observational signatures of f(R) dark energy models that satisfy
  cosmological and local gravity constraints

abstract:
  We discuss observational consequences of f(R) dark energy scenarios that
satisfy local gravity constraints (LGC) as well as conditions of the
cosmological viability. The model we study is given by m(r)=C(-r-1)^p (C>0,
p>1) with m=Rf_{,RR}/f_{,R} and r=-Rf_{,R}/f, which cover viable f(R) models
proposed so far in a high-curvature region designed to be compatible with LGC.
The equation of state of dark energy exhibits a divergence at a redshift z_c
that can be as close as a few while satisfying sound horizon constraints of
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). We study the evolution of matter density
perturbations in details and place constraints on model parameters from the
difference of spectral indices of power spectra between CMB and galaxy
clustering. The models with p>5 can be consistent with those observational
constraints as well as LGC. We also discuss the evolution of perturbations in
the Ricci scalar R and show that an oscillating mode (scalaron) can easily
dominate over a matter-induced mode as we go back to the past. This violates
the stability of cosmological solutions, thus posing a problem about how the
over-production of scalarons should be avoided in the early universe.


title: On the measurement of the proton-air cross section using cosmic ray data

abstract:
  Cosmic ray data may allow the determination of the proton-air cross section
at ultra-high energy. For example, the distribution of the first interaction
point in air showers reflects the particle production cross section. As it is
not possible to observe the point of the first interaction $X_{\rm 1}$ of a
cosmic ray primary particle directly, other air shower observables must be
linked to $X_{\rm 1}$. This introduces an inherent dependence of the derived
cross section on the general understanding and modeling of air showers and,
therfore, on the hadronic interaction model used for the Monte Carlo
simulation. We quantify the uncertainties arising from the model dependence by
varying some characteristic features of high-energy hadron production.


title:
In-medium modification and decay asymmetry of omega mesons in cold
  nuclear matter

abstract:
  We discuss an asymmetry of the decay $\omega->e^+e^-$ in nuclear matter with
respect to the electron and positron energies. This asymmetry is sensitive to
the properties of the $\omega$ meson self-energy and, in particular, it has a
non-trivial dependence on the $\omega$ energy and momentum. Therefore, this
asymmetry may serve as a powerful tool in studying the properties of the
$\omega$ meson in the nuclear medium.


title: Recent Star Formation in Nearby Early-type Galaxies

abstract:
  Motivated by recent progress in the study of early-type galaxies owing to
technological advances, the launch of new space telescopes and large
ground-based surveys, we attempt a short review of our current understanding of
the recent star-formation activity in such intriguing galactic systems.


title: Statistical stability of equilibrium states for interval maps

abstract:
  We consider families of multimodal interval maps with polynomial growth of
the derivative along the critical orbits. For these maps Bruin and Todd have
shown the existence and uniqueness of equilibrium states for the potential
$\phi_t:x\mapsto-t\log|Df(x)|$, for $t$ close to 1. We show that these
equilibrium states vary continuously in the weak$^*$ topology within such
families. Moreover, in the case $t=1$, when the equilibrium states are
absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue, we show that the densities vary
continuously within these families.


title: A Brownian quasi-helix in IR4, built from an automatic sequence

abstract: We describe a brownian quasi-helix in R^4 by means of an automatic sequence


title: THEA: ontology-driven analysis of microarray data

abstract:
  MOTIVATION: Microarray technology makes it possible to measure thousands of
variables and to compare their values under hundreds of conditions. Once
microarray data are quantified, normalized and classified, the analysis phase
is essentially a manual and subjective task based on visual inspection of
classes in the light of the vast amount of information available. Currently,
data interpretation clearly constitutes the bottleneck of such analyses and
there is an obvious need for tools able to fill the gap between data processed
with mathematical methods and existing biological knowledge. RESULTS: THEA
(Tools for High-throughput Experiments Analysis) is an integrated information
processing system allowing convenient handling of data. It allows to
automatically annotate data issued from classification systems with selected
biological information coming from a knowledge base and to either manually
search and browse through these annotations or automatically generate
meaningful generalizations according to statistical criteria (data mining).
AVAILABILITY: The software is available on the website http://thea.unice.fr/


title:
A topological characterisation of holomorphic parabolic germs in the
  plane

abstract:
  Gambaudo and P\'ecou introduced the ``linking property'' to study the
dynamics of germs of planar homeomorphims and provide a new proof of Naishul
theorem in their paper "A topological invariant for volume preserving
diffeomorphisms" (Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 15 (1995), no. 3, 535--541). In
this paper we prove that the negation of Gambaudo-P\'ecou property
characterises the topological dynamics of holomorphic parabolic germs. As a
consequence, a rotation set for germs of surface homeomorphisms around a fixed
point can be defined, and it will turn out to be non trivial except for
countably many conjugacy classes.


title:
Weakly polydisperse systems: Perturbative phase diagrams that include
  the critical region

abstract:
  The phase behaviour of a weakly polydisperse system, such as a colloid with a
small spread of particle sizes, can be related perturbatively to that of its
monodisperse counterpart. I show how this approach can be generalized to remain
well-behaved near critical points, avoiding the divergences of existing methods
and giving access to some of the key qualitative features of polydisperse phase
equilibria. The analysis explains also why in purely size polydisperse systems
the critical point is, unusually, located very near the maximum of the cloud
and shadow curves.


title: Dark Energy as a Relic of the Vacuum-Energy Cancellation?

abstract:
  We analyze the dynamical implications of an exponential Lagrangian density
for the gravitational field, as referred to an isotropic FRW Universe. Then, we
discuss the features of the generalized deSitter phase, predicted by the new
Friedmann equation. The existence of a consistent deSitter solution arises only
if the ratio between the vacuum-energy density and that associated with the
fundamental length of the theory acquires a tantalizing negative character.
This choice allows us to explain the present universe dark energy as a relic of
the vacuum-energy cancellation due to the cosmological constant intrinsically
contained in our scheme. The corresponding scalar-tensor description of the
model is addressed too, and the behavior of the scalar field is analyzed for
both negative and positive values of the cosmological term. In the first case,
the Friedmann equation is studied both in vacuum and in presence of external
matter, while, in the second case, the quantum regime is approached in the
framework of ''repulsive'' properties of the gravitational interaction, as
described in recent issues in Loop Quantum Cosmology. In particular, in the
vacuum case, we find a pure non-Einsteinian effect, according to which a
negative cosmological constant provides an accelerating deSitter dynamics, in
the region where the series expansion of the exponential term does not hold.


title: A proof of strong normalisation using domain theory

abstract:
  Ulrich Berger presented a powerful proof of strong normalisation using
domains, in particular it simplifies significantly Tait's proof of strong
normalisation of Spector's bar recursion. The main contribution of this paper
is to show that, using ideas from intersection types and Martin-Lof's domain
interpretation of type theory one can in turn simplify further U. Berger's
argument. We build a domain model for an untyped programming language where U.
Berger has an interpretation only for typed terms or alternatively has an
interpretation for untyped terms but need an extra condition to deduce strong
normalisation. As a main application, we show that Martin-L\"{o}f dependent
type theory extended with a program for Spector double negation shift.


title:
Theoretical study of the recombination of Frenkel pairs in irradiated
  silicon carbide

abstract:
  The recombination of Frenkel pairs resulting from low energy recoils in
3C-SiC has been investigated using first principles and Nudged Elastic Band
calculations. Several recombination mechanisms have been obtained, involving
direct interstitial migration, atoms exchange, or concerted displacements, with
activation energies ranging from 0.65 eV to 1.84 eV. These results are in
agreement with experimental activation energies. We have determined the
lifetime of the $V_{Si}+Si_{TC}$ Frenkel pair, by computing phonons and the
Arrhenius prefactor. The vibrational contributions to the free energy barrier
have been shown to be negligible in that case.


title: Spherically symmetric ADM gravity with variable G and Lambda(c)

abstract:
  This paper investigates the Arnowitt--Deser--Misner (hereafter ADM) form of
spherically symmetric gravity with variable Newton parameter G and cosmological
term Lambda(c). The Newton parameter is here treated as a dynamical variable,
rather than being merely an external parameter as in previous work on closely
related topics. The resulting Hamilton equations are obtained; interestingly, a
static solution exists, that reduces to Schwarzschild geometry in the limit of
constant G, describing a Newton parameter ruled by a nonlinear differential
equation in the radial variable r. A remarkable limiting case is the one for
which the Newton parameter obeys an almost linear growth law at large r. An
exact solution for G as a function of r is also obtained in the case of
vanishing cosmological constant. Some observational implications of these
solutions are obtained and briefly discussed.


title:
Occultation observation to probe the turbulence scale size in the plasma
  tail of comet Schwassmann-Wachmann 3-B

abstract:
  We present the occultation observation of compact radio source B0019-000
through the plasma tail of comet Schwassmann-Wachmann 3-B. The observation was
made with the Ooty Radio Telescope at 326.5 MHz on 2006 May 26, when the plasma
tail of the comet was in front of this source. The scintillation was found to
be increased significantly for the target source compared to that of a control
source. The intensity fluctuation power spectra show both steepening at high
spatial scales and excess power at low spatial scales. This observation can be
attributed to the turbulence in the comet plasma tail. A two-regime plasma
turbulence can explain the time-evolution of the power spectrum during the
occultation observation.


title:
Degrees of freedom of tongue movements in speech may be constrained by
  biomechanics

abstract:
  A number of studies carried out on different languages have found that tongue
movements in speech are made along two primary degrees of freedom (d.f.s): the
high-front to low-back axis and the high-back to low-front axis. We explore the
hypothesis that these two main d.f.s could find their origins in the physical
properties of the vocal tract. A large set of tongue shapes was generated with
a biomechanical tongue model using a Monte-Carlo method to thoroughly sample
the muscle control space. The resulting shapes were analyzed with PCA. The
first two factors explain 84% of the variance, and they are similar to the two
experimentally observed d.f.s. This finding suggests that the d.f.s. are not
speech-specific, and that speech takes advantage of biomechanically based
tongue properties to form different sounds.


title:
The Discovery of Stellar Oscillations in the Planet Hosting Giant Star
  Beta Geminorum

abstract:
  We present the results of a long time series of precise stellar radial
velocity measurements of the planet hosting K giant star Beta Geminorum. A
total of 20 hours of observations spanning three nights were obtained and the
radial velocity variations show the presence of solar-like stellar
oscillations. Our period analysis yields six significant pulsation modes that
have frequencies in the range of 30 - 150 microHz. The dominant mode is at a
frequency of 86.9 microHz and has an amplitude of 5.3 m/s. These values are
consistent with stellar oscillations for a giant star with a stellar mass of
approximately 2 solar masses. This stellar mass implies a companion minimum
mass of 2.6 Jupiter masses. Beta Gem is the first planet hosting giant star in
which multi-periodic stellar oscillations have been detected. The study of
stellar oscillations in planet hosting giant stars may provide an independent,
and more accurate determination of the stellar mass.


title: Wave-packet view of the Dirac electron

abstract:
  By viewing the electron as a wavepacket in the positive energy spectrum of
the Dirac equation, we are able to achieve a much clearer understanding of its
behavior under weak electromagnetic fields. The intrinsic spin magnetic moment
is found to be established from the self-rotation of the wavepacket. A
non-canonical structure is also exhibited in the equations of motion due to
non- Abelian geometric phases of the Dirac spinors. The wavepacket energy can
be expressed simply in terms of the kinetic, electrostatic, and Zeeman terms
only. This can be transformed into an effective quantum Hamiltonian by a novel
scheme, and reproduces the Pauli Hamiltonian with all-order relativistic
corrections.


title:
The Quest for Pionic and Kaonic Nuclear Bound Systems Following Yukawa
  and Tomonaga

abstract:
  After sketching some historical events related to Yukawa and Tomonaga
concerning the birth of mesons, the author describes recent developments in the
spectroscopy of pion-nucleus bound states via "pion-transfer" reactions. The
role of pions as Nambu-Goldstone bosons in nuclear media is emphasized by
recently obtained experimental evidence for the partial restoration of chiral
symmetry breaking. New light is shed on Kbar mesons, which play a unique role
in forming dense nuclear systems. The basic unit, K- pp, is predicted to
possess a molecular structure with quasi-Lambda(1405) as an "atomic
constituent". We find here "super strong nuclear force" produced by a migrating
real Kbar meson in the Heitler-London-Heisenberg scheme in place of the normal
nuclear force mediated by Yukawa's virtual mesons.


title:
The effect of "pre-formed" hadron potentials on the dynamics of heavy
  ion collisions and the HBT puzzle

abstract:
  The nuclear stopping, the elliptic flow, and the HBT interferometry are
calculated by the UrQMD transport model, in which potentials for "pre-formed"
particles (string fragments) from color fluxtube fragmentation as well as for
confined particles are considered. This description provides stronger pressure
at the early stage and describes these observables better than the default
cascade mode (where the "pre-formed" particles from string fragmentation are
treated to be free-streaming). It should be stressed that the inclusion of
potential interactions pushes down the calculated HBT radius $R_O$ and pulls up
the $R_S$ so that the HBT time-related puzzle disappears throughout the
energies from AGS, SPS, to RHIC.


title:
Study of the performance and capability of the new ultra-fast 2
  GSample/s FADC data acquisition system of the MAGIC telescope

abstract:
  In February 2007 the MAGIC Air Cherenkov Telescope for gamma-ray astronomy
was fully upgraded with an ultra fast 2 GSamples/s digitization system. Since
the Cherenkov light flashes are very short, a fast readout can minimize the
influence of the background from the light of the night sky. Also, the time
structure of the event is an additional parameter to reduce the background from
unwanted hadronic showers. An overview of the performance of the new system and
its impact on the sensitivity of the MAGIC instrument will be presented.


title: BV Yang-Mills as a Homotopy Chern-Simons via SFT

abstract:
  We show explicitly how BV Yang-Mills action emerges as a homotopy
generalization of Chern-Simons theory from the algebraic constructions arising
from String Field Theory.


title:
Heat Transport in Quantum Spin Chains: Stochastic Baths vs Quantum
  Trajectories

abstract:
  We discuss the problem of heat conduction in quantum spin chain models. To
investigate this problem it is necessary to consider the finite open system
connected to heat baths. We describe two different procedures to couple the
system with the reservoirs: a model of stochastic heat baths and the quantum
trajectories solution of the quantum master equation. The stochastic heat bath
procedure operates on the pure wave function of the isolated system, so that it
is locally and periodically collapsed to a quantum state consistent with a
boundary nonequilibrium state. In contrast, the quantum trajectories procedure
evaluates ensemble averages in terms of the reduced density matrix operator of
the system. We apply these procedures to different models of quantum spin
chains and numerically show their applicability to study the heat flow.


title:
Equivalence of Gutzwiller and slave-boson mean-field theories for
  multi-band Hubbard models

abstract:
  We demonstrate that a recently introduced slave-boson mean-field theory is
equivalent to our Gutzwiller theory for multi-band Hubbard models with general
onsite interactions. We relate the different objects that appear in both
approaches at zero temperature and discuss the limitations of both methods.


title:
Magnetic fields and accretion flows on the classical T Tauri star V2129
  Oph

abstract:
  From observations collected with the ESPaDOnS spectropolarimeter, we report
the discovery of magnetic fields at the surface of the mildly accreting
classical T Tauri star V2129 Oph. Zeeman signatures are detected, both in
photospheric lines and in the emission lines formed at the base of the
accretion funnels linking the disc to the protostar, and monitored over the
whole rotation cycle of V2129 Oph. We observe that rotational modulation
dominates the temporal variations of both unpolarized and circularly polarized
line profiles. We reconstruct the large-scale magnetic topology at the surface
of V2129 Oph from both sets of Zeeman signatures simultaneously. We find it to
be rather complex, with a dominant octupolar component and a weak dipole of
strengths 1.2 and 0.35 kG, respectively, both slightly tilted with respect to
the rotation axis. The large-scale field is anchored in a pair of 2-kG unipolar
radial field spots located at high latitudes and coinciding with cool dark
polar spots at photospheric level. This large-scale field geometry is unusually
complex compared to those of non-accreting cool active subgiants with moderate
rotation rates. As an illustration, we provide a first attempt at modelling the
magnetospheric topology and accretion funnels of V2129 Oph using field
extrapolation. We find that the magnetosphere of V2129 Oph must extend to about
7R* to ensure that the footpoints of accretion funnels coincide with the
high-latitude accretion spots on the stellar surface. It suggests that the
stellar magnetic field succeeds in coupling to the accretion disc as far out as
the corotation radius, and could possibly explain the slow rotation of V2129
Oph. The magnetospheric geometry we derive produces X-ray coronal fluxes
typical of those observed in cTTSs.


title:
Predicting the Ionization Threshold for Carriers in Excited
  Semiconductors

abstract:
  A simple set of formulas is presented which allows prediction of the fraction
of ionized carriers in an electron-hole-exciton gas in a photoexcited
semiconductor. These results are related to recent experiments with excitons in
single and double quantum wells.


title:
A note on the component structure in random intersection graphs with
  tunable clustering

abstract:
  We study the component structure in random intersection graphs with tunable
clustering, and show that the average degree works as a threshold for a phase
transition for the size of the largest component. That is, if the expected
degree is less than one, the size of the largest component is a.a.s. of
logarithmic order, but if the average degree is greater than one, a.a.s. a
single large component of linear order emerges, and the size of the second
largest component is at most of logarithmic order.


title:
Jacobi fields along harmonic 2-spheres in $S^3$ and $S^4$ are not all
  integrable

abstract:
  In a previous paper, we showed that any Jacobi field along a harmonic map
from the 2-sphere to the complex projective plane is integrable (i.e., is
tangent to a smooth variation through harmonic maps). In this paper, in
contrast, we show that there are (non-full) harmonic maps from the 2-sphere to
the 3-sphere and 4-sphere which have non-integrable Jacobi fields. This is
particularly surprising in the case of the 3-sphere where the space of harmonic
maps of any degree is a smooth manifold, each map having image in a totally
geodesic 2-sphere.


title: Shock minimized supersonic flight by heating

abstract:
  Bow shocks radiate a lot of energy away around supersonic objects in air. To
minimize such waves is urgent for fast aircraft. Heat experiments exist where
air drag is minimized. Here is a theoretical description of how shocks can be
prevented by special distribution of heating.


title:
Theory of subgap interchain tunneling in quasi one-dimensional
  conductors

abstract:
  We suggest a theory of internal coherent tunneling in the pseudogap region,
when the applied voltage U is below the free electron gap 2Delta_0. We address
quasi 1D systems, where the gap is originated by spontaneous lattice
distortions of the Incommensurate Charge Density Wave (ICDW) type. Results can
be adjusted also to quasi-1D superconductors. The instanton approach allows to
calculate the interchain tunneling current both in single electron (amplitude
solitons, i.e. spinons) and bi-electron (phase slips) channels. Transition
rates are governed by a dissipative dynamics originated by emission of gapless
phase excitations in the course of the instanton process. We find that the
single-electron tunneling is allowed below the nominal gap 2Delta_0 down to the
true pair-breaking threshold at 2W_as<2Delta, where W_as=2Delta/pi is the
amplitude soliton energy. Most importantly, the bi-electronic tunneling
stretches down to U=0 (in the 1D regime). In both cases, the threshold behavior
is given by power laws J (U-U_c)^beta, where the exponent beta v_F/u is large
as the ratio of the Fermi velocity v_F and the phase one u. In the 2D or 3D
ordered phases, at temperature T<T_c, the one-electron tunneling current does
not vanish at the threshold U_c anymore, but saturates above it at U-U_c
T_c<<Delta. Also the bi-particle channel acquires a finite threshold U_c=W_ph
T_c<<Delta at the energy W_ph of the 2\pi phase soliton.


title:
Compact differences of composition operators from Bloch space to bounded
  holomorphic function space in the Polydisc

abstract:
  Let $\phi$ and $\psi$ be holomorphic self-maps of the unit polydisc $U^n$ in
the $n$-dimensional complex space, and denote by $C_{\phi}$ and $C_{\psi}$ the
induced composition operators. This paper gives some simple estimates of the
essential norm for the difference of composition operators $C_{\phi}-C_{\psi}$
from Bloch space to bounded holomorphic function space in the unit polydisc.
Moreover the compactness of the difference is also characterized.


title: Coherence in Linear Predicate Logic

abstract:
  Coherence with respect to Kelly-Mac Lane graphs is proved for categories that
correspond to the multiplicative fragment without constant propositions of
classical linear first-order predicate logic without or with mix. To obtain
this result, coherence is first established for categories that correspond to
the multiplicative conjunction-disjunction fragment with first-order
quantifiers of classical linear logic, a fragment lacking negation. These
results extend results published in previous two books by the authors, where
coherence was established for categories of the corresponding fragments of
propositional classical linear logic, which are related to proof nets, and
which could be described as star-autonomous categories without unit objects.


title: Pierre Auger Observatory status and results

abstract:
  The Pierre Auger Observatory, a hybrid detector for the study of ultra-high
energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), is now approaching completion. After describing
Auger present status and performance, with an emphasis on the advantages
provided by the combination of two different detection techniques, this
contribution presents a brief panorama of the first scientific results achieved
and of their impact on our knowledge of the UHECRs' origin and composition.


title:
Exotic Ground State Phases of $S=1/2$ Heisenberg $\Delta$-Chain with
  Ferromagnetic Main Chain

abstract:
  The ground state phase diagram of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg frustrated
$\Delta$-chain with a ferromagnetic main chain is investigated. In addition to
the ferromagnetic phase, various nonmagnetic ground states are found. If the
ferromagnetic coupling between apical spins and the main chain is strong, this
model is approximated by a spin-1 bilinear-biquadratic chain and the spin
quadrupolar phase with spin-2 gapless excitation is realized in addition to the
Haldane and ferromagnetic phases. In the regime where the coupling between the
apical spins and the main chain is weak, the numerical results which suggest
the possibility of a series of phase transitions among different nonmagnetic
phases are obtained. Physical pictures of these phases are discussed based on
the numerical results.


title: Gauss sum factorization with cold atoms

abstract:
  We report the first implementation of a Gauss sum factorization algorithm by
an internal state Ramsey interferometer using cold atoms. A sequence of
appropriately designed light pulses interacts with an ensemble of cold rubidium
atoms. The final population in the involved atomic levels determines a Gauss
sum. With this technique we factor the number N=263193.


title: A higher order model for image restoration: the one dimensional case

abstract:
  The one-dimensional version of the higher order total variation-based model
for image restoration proposed by Chan, Marquina, and Mulet in [4] is analyzed.
A suitable functional framework in which the minimization problem is well posed
is being proposed and it is proved analytically that the higher order
regularizing term prevents the occurrence of the staircase effect.


title:
Non-supersymmetric Tachyon-free Type-II and Type-I Closed Strings from
  RCFT

abstract:
  We consider non-supersymmetric four-dimensional closed string theories
constructed out of tensor products of N=2 minimal models. Generically such
theories have closed string tachyons, but these may be removed either by
choosing a non-trivial partition function or a suitable Klein bottle
projection. We find large numbers of examples of both types.


title: Computing Knot Floer Homology in Cyclic Branched Covers

abstract:
  We use grid diagrams to give a combinatorial algorithm for computing the knot
Floer homology of the pullback of a knot K in its m-fold cyclic branched cover
Sigma^m(K), and we give computations when m=2 for over fifty three-bridge knots
with up to eleven crossings.


title: Fluctuations in Statistical Models

abstract:
  The multiplicity fluctuations of hadrons are studied within the statistical
hadron-resonance gas model in the large volume limit. The role of quantum
statistics and resonance decay effects are discussed. The microscopic
correlator method is used to enforce conservation of three charges -- baryon
number, electric charge, and strangeness -- in the canonical ensemble. In
addition, in the micro-canonical ensemble energy conservation is included. An
analytical method is used to account for resonance decays. The multiplicity
distributions and the scaled variances for negatively and positively charged
hadrons are calculated for the sets of thermodynamical parameters along the
chemical freeze-out line of central Pb+Pb (Au+Au) collisions from SIS to LHC
energies. Predictions obtained within different statistical ensembles are
compared with the preliminary NA49 experimental results on central Pb+Pb
collisions in the SPS energy range. The measured fluctuations are significantly
narrower than the Poisson ones and clearly favor expectations for the
micro-canonical ensemble. Thus, this is a first observation of the recently
predicted suppression of the multiplicity fluctuations in relativistic gases in
the thermodynamical limit due to conservation laws.


title: The 191 orientable octahedral manifolds

abstract:
  We enumerate all spaces obtained by gluing in pairs the faces of the
octahedron in an orientation-reversing fashion. Whenever such a gluing gives
rise to non-manifold points, we remove small open neighbourhoods of these
points, so we actually deal with three-dimensional manifolds with (possibly
empty) boundary.
  There are 298 combinatorially inequivalent gluing patterns, and we show that
they define 191 distinct manifolds, of which 132 are hyperbolic and 59 are not.
All the 132 hyperbolic manifolds were already considered in different contexts
by other authors, and we provide here their known ``names'' together with their
main invariants. We also give the connected sum and JSJ decompositions for the
59 non-hyperbolic examples.
  Our arguments make use of tools coming from hyperbolic geometry, together
with quantum invariants and more classical techniques based on essential
surfaces. Many (but not all) proofs were carried out by computer, but they do
not involve issues of numerical accuracy.


title: Difference of composition operators in the Polydiscs

abstract:
  This paper gives some simple estimates of the essential norm for the
difference of composition operators induced by $\phi$ and $\psi$ acting on
bounded function space in the unit polydiscs $U^n$, where $\phi(z)$ and
$\psi(z)$be holomorphic self-maps of $U^n$. As its applications, a
characterization of compact difference is given for composition operators
acting on the bounded function spaces.


title:
Essential Norms of Weighted Composition Operators between Hardy Spaces
  in the unit Ball

abstract:
  Let $\phi(z)=(\phi_1(z),...,\phi_n(z))$ be a holomorphic self-map of $B_n$
and $\psi(z)$ a holomorphic function on $B_n$, and $H(B_n)$ the class of all
holomorphic functions on $B_n$, where $B_n$ is the unit ball of $C^n$, the
weight composition operator $W_{\psi,\phi}$ is defined by $W_{\psi,\phi}=\psi
f(\phi)$ for $f\in H(B_n)$. In this paper we estimate the essential norm for
the weighted composition operator $W_{\psi,\phi}$ acting from the Hardy space
$H^p$ to $H^q$ ($0<p,q\leq \infty$). When $p=\infty$ and $q=2$, we give an
exact formula for the essential norm. As their applications, we also obtain
some sufficient and necessary conditions for the bounded weighted composition
operator to be compact from $H^p$ to $H^q$.


title: On the integrality of the Taylor coefficients of mirror maps

abstract:
  We show that the Taylor coefficients of the series ${\bf q}(z)=z\exp({\bf
G}(z)/{\bf F}(z))$ are integers, where ${\bf F}(z)$ and ${\bf G}(z)+\log(z)
{\bf F}(z)$ are specific solutions of certain hypergeometric differential
equations with maximal unipotent monodromy at $z=0$. We also address the
question of finding the largest integer $u$ such that the Taylor coefficients
of $(z ^{-1}{\bf q}(z))^{1/u}$ are still integers. As consequences, we are able
to prove numerous integrality results for the Taylor coefficients of mirror
maps of Calabi-Yau complete intersections in weighted projective spaces, which
improve and refine previous results by Lian and Yau, and by Zudilin. In
particular, we prove the general ``integrality'' conjecture of Zudilin about
these mirror maps. A further outcome of the present study is the determination
of the Dwork-Kontsevich sequence $(u_N)_{N\ge1}$, where $u_N$ is the largest
integer such that $q(z)^{1/u_N}$ is a series with integer coefficients, where
$q(z)=\exp(F(z)/G(z))$, $F(z)=\sum_{m=0} ^{\infty} (Nm)! z^m/m!^N$ and
$G(z)=\sum_{m=1} ^{\infty} (H_{Nm}-H_m)(Nm)! z^m/m!^N$, with $H_n$ denoting the
$n$-th harmonic number, conditional on the conjecture that there are no prime
number $p$ and integer $N$ such that the $p$-adic valuation of $H_N-1$ is
strictly greater than 3.


title: The Rank-Width of Edge-Colored Graphs

abstract:
  Clique-width is a complexity measure of directed as well as undirected
graphs. Rank-width is an equivalent complexity measure for undirected graphs
and has good algorithmic and structural properties. It is in particular related
to the vertex-minor relation. We discuss an extension of the notion of
rank-width to edge-colored graphs. A C-colored graph is a graph where the arcs
are colored with colors from the set C. There is not a natural notion of
rank-width for C-colored graphs. We define two notions of rank-width for them,
both based on a coding of C-colored graphs by edge-colored graphs where each
edge has exactly one color from a field F and named respectively F-rank-width
and F-bi-rank-width. The two notions are equivalent to clique-width. We then
present a notion of vertex-minor for F-colored graphs and prove that F-colored
graphs of bounded F-rank-width are characterised by a finite list of F-colored
graphs to exclude as vertex-minors. A cubic-time algorithm to decide whether a
F-colored graph has F-rank-width (resp. F-bi-rank-width) at most k, for fixed
k, is also given. Graph operations to check MSOL-definable properties on
F-colored graphs of bounded rank-width are presented. A specialisation of all
these notions to (directed) graphs without edge colors is presented, which
shows that our results generalise the ones in undirected graphs.


title: Bose-Einstein Condensation of Pions

abstract:
  Particle number fluctuations are studied in the ideal pion gas approaching
Bose-Einstein condensation. Two different cases are considered: Bose
condensation of pions at large charge densities $\rho_Q$ and Bose condensation
at large total densities of pions $\rho_{\pi}$. Calculations are done in grand
canonical, canonical and microcanonical ensembles. At high collision energy, in
the samples of events with a fixed number of all pions, $N_{\pi}$, one may
observe a prominent signal. When $N_{\pi}$ increases the scaled variances for
particle number fluctuations of both neutral and charged pions increase
dramatically in the vicinity of the Bose-Einstein condensation line. As an
example, the estimates are presented for $p+p$ collisions at the beam energy of
70 GeV.


title: Composition operators in the Lipschitz Space of the Polydiscs

abstract:
  In 1987, Shapiro shew that composition operator induced by symbol $\phi$ is
compact on the Lipschltz space if and only if the infinity norm of $\phi$ is
less than 1 by a spectral-theoretic argument, where $\phi$ is a holomorphic
self-map of the unit disk. In this paper, we shall generalize Shapiro's result
to the $n$-dimensional case.


title: Extended Ces$\acute{a}$RO Operators on Zygmund Spaces in the Unit Ball

abstract:
  Let $g$ be a holomorphic function of the unit ball $B$ in the $n$-dimensional
space, and denote by $T_g$ and $I_g$ the induced extended Ces$\acute{a}$ro
operator and another integral operator. The boundedness and compactness of
$T_g$ and $I_g$ acting on the Zygmund spaces in the unit ball are discussed and
necessary and sufficient conditions are given in this paper.


title: A Geant4 based engineering tool for Fresnel lenses

abstract:
  Geant4 is a Monte Carlo radiation transport toolkit that is becoming a tool
of generalized application in areas such as high-energy physics, nuclear
physics, astroparticle physics, or medical physics. Geant4 provides an optical
physics process category, allowing the simulation of the production and
propagation of light. Its capabilities are well tailored for the simulation of
optics systems namely in cosmic-rays experiments based in the detection of
Cherenkov and fluorescence light. The use of Geant4 as an engineering tool for
the optics design and simulation of Fresnel lens systems is discussed through a
specific example.


title: Improved bounds in entropic uncertainty relations

abstract:
  Entropic uncertainty relations place nontrivial lower bounds to the sum of
Shannon information entropies for noncommuting observables. Here we obtain a
novel lower bound on the entropy sum for general pairs of observables in
finite-dimensional Hilbert space, which improves on the best bound known to
date [Maassen and Uffink, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1103 (1988)] for a wide class of
observables. This result follows from another formulation of the uncertainty
principle, the Landau-Pollak inequality, whose relationship to the
Maassen-Uffink entropic uncertainty relation is discussed.


title:
Plaquette Invariants and the Flavour Symmetric Description of Quark and
  Neutrino Mixings

abstract:
  We present a complete set of new flavour-permutation-symmetric mixing
observables. We give expressions for these "plaquette invariants", both in
terms of the mixing matrix elements alone, and in terms of manifestly
Jarlskog-invariant functions of fermion mass matrices. While these quantities
are unconstrained in the Standard Model, we point out that remarkably, in the
case of leptonic mixing, the values of most of them are consistent with zero,
corresponding to certain phenomenological symmetries. We give examples of their
application to the flavour-symmetric description of both lepton and quark
mixings, showing for the first time how to construct explicitly weak-basis
invariant constraints on the mass matrices, for a number of phenomenologically
valid mixing ansatze.


title:
Density Dependence of the Mass Function of Globular Star Clusters in the
  Sombrero Galaxy and its Dynamical Implications

abstract:
  We have constructed the mass function of globular star clusters in the
Sombrero galaxy in bins of different internal half-mass density rho_h and
projected galactocentric distance R. This is based on the published
measurements of the magnitudes and effective radii of the clusters by Spitler
et al. (2006) in BVR images taken with the ACS on HST. We find that the peak of
the mass function M_p increases with rho_h by a factor of about 4 but remains
nearly constant with R. Our results are almost identical to those presented
recently by McLaughlin & Fall (2007) for globular clusters in the Milky Way.
The mass functions in both galaxies agree with a simple, approximate model in
which the clusters form with a Schechter initial mass function and evolve
subsequently by stellar escape driven by internal two-body relaxation. These
findings therefore undermine recent claims that the present peak of the mass
function of globular clusters must have been built into the initial conditions.


title: Information-theoretic analysis of MIMO channel sounding

abstract:
  The large majority of commercially available multiple-input multiple-output
(MIMO) radio channel measurement devices (sounders) is based on time-division
multiplexed switching (TDMS) of a single transmit/receive radio-frequency chain
into the elements of a transmit/receive antenna array. While being
cost-effective, such a solution can cause significant measurement errors due to
phase noise and frequency offset in the local oscillators. In this paper, we
systematically analyze the resulting errors and show that, in practice,
overestimation of channel capacity by several hundred percent can occur.
Overestimation is caused by phase noise (and to a lesser extent frequency
offset) leading to an increase of the MIMO channel rank. Our analysis
furthermore reveals that the impact of phase errors is, in general, most
pronounced if the physical channel has low rank (typical for line-of-sight or
poor scattering scenarios). The extreme case of a rank-1 physical channel is
analyzed in detail. Finally, we present measurement results obtained from a
commercially employed TDMS-based MIMO channel sounder. In the light of the
findings of this paper, the results obtained through MIMO channel measurement
campaigns using TDMS-based channel sounders should be interpreted with great
care.


title: Light-matter interaction in Mie nanolasers

abstract:
  By deriving a three dimensional vector set of Maxwell-Bloch equations, we
report on an ab-initio investigation of a spherical Mie nanolaser. Parallel
numerical simulations predict a rich physical scenario, ranging from a
nontrivial vectorial energy-matter interplay in the initial stage of evolution
to mode competition and dynamical frequency pulling effects. Application of
these effects could favor the realization of nonlinearly-controlled
largely-tunable nanolaser devices.


title:
Extended Ces$\acute{a}$RO Operators between Generalized Besov Spaces and
  Bloch Type Spaces in the Unit Ball

abstract:
  Let $g$ be a holomorphic map of $B$, where $B$ is the unit ball of ${C}^n$.
Let $0<p<+\infty, -n-1<q<+\infty$, $q>-1$ and $\alpha>0$. This paper gives some
necessary and sufficient conditions for the Extended Ces$\acute{a}$ro Operators
induced by $g$ to be bounded or compact between generalized Besov space
$B(p,q)$ and $\alpha$- Bloch space ${\mathcal B}^\alpha.$


title: Fermi-Bose transformation for the time-dependent Lieb-Liniger gas

abstract:
  Exact solutions of the Schrodinger equation describing a freely expanding
Lieb-Liniger (LL) gas of delta-interacting bosons in one spatial dimension are
constructed. The many-body wave function is obtained by transforming a fully
antisymmetric (fermionic) time-dependent wave function which obeys the
Schrodinger equation for a free gas. This transformation employs a differential
Fermi-Bose mapping operator which depends on the strength of the interaction
and the number of particles.


title:
The Formation of Fragments at Corotation in Isothermal Protoplanetary
  Disks

abstract:
  Numerical hydrodynamics simulations have established that disks which are
evolved under the condition of local isothermality will fragment into small
dense clumps due to gravitational instabilities when the Toomre stability
parameter $Q$ is sufficiently low. Because fragmentation through disk
instability has been suggested as a gas giant planet formation mechanism, it is
important to understand the physics underlying this process as thoroughly as
possible. In this paper, we offer analytic arguments for why, at low $Q$,
fragments are most likely to form first at the corotation radii of growing
spiral modes, and we support these arguments with results from 3D hydrodynamics
simulations.


title: Algorithm for counting large directed loops

abstract:
  We derive a Belief-Propagation algorithm for counting large loops in a
directed network. We evaluate the distribution of the number of small loops in
a directed random network with given degree sequence. We apply the algorithm to
a few characteristic directed networks of various network sizes and loop
structures and compare the algorithm with exhaustive counting results when
possible. The algorithm is adequate in estimating loop counts for large
directed networks and can be used to compare the loop structure of directed
networks and their randomized counterparts.


title: Simple Finite Non-Abelian Flavor Groups

abstract:
  The recently measured unexpected neutrino mixing patterns have caused a
resurgence of interest in the study of finite flavor groups with two- and
three-dimensional irreducible representations. This paper details the
mathematics of the two finite simple groups with such representations, the
Icosahedral group A_5, a subgroup of SO(3), and PSL_2(7), a subgroup of SU(3).


title: A few remarks concerning complex-analytic metric spaces

abstract: The special case of closed subsets of C^n is briefly discussed.


title:
Supervised secure entanglement sharing for faithful quantum
  teleportation via tripartite W states

abstract:
  We present a supervised secure entanglement sharing protocol via tripartite W
states for faithful quantum teleportation. By guaranteeing a secure
entanglement distribution in the charge of a third believed supervisor, quantum
information of an unknown state of a 2-level particle can be faithfully
teleported from the sender to the remote receiver via the Bell states distilled
from the tripartite W states. We emphasize that reliable teleportation after
our protocol between two communication parties depends on the agreement of the
supervisor to cooperate via taking the W states as both the quantum channel and
eavesdropping detector. The security against typical individual eavesdropping
attacks is proved and its experimental feasibility is briefly illustrated.


title:
Computer simulation of the critical behavior of 3D disordered Ising
  model

abstract:
  The critical behavior of the disordered ferromagnetic Ising model is studied
numerically by the Monte Carlo method in a wide range of variation of
concentration of nonmagnetic impurity atoms. The temperature dependences of
correlation length and magnetic susceptibility are determined for samples with
various spin concentrations and various linear sizes. The finite-size scaling
technique is used for obtaining scaling functions for these quantities, which
exhibit a universal behavior in the critical region; the critical temperatures
and static critical exponents are also determined using scaling corrections. On
the basis of variation of the scaling functions and values of critical
exponents upon a change in the concentration, the conclusion is drawn
concerning the existence of two universal classes of the critical behavior of
the diluted Ising model with different characteristics for weakly and strongly
disordered systems.


title:
Experimentally Constrained Molecular Relaxation: The case of
  hydrogenated amorphous silicon

abstract:
  We have extended our experimentally constrained molecular relaxation
technique (P. Biswas {\it et al}, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 71} 54204 (2005)) to
hydrogenated amorphous silicon: a 540-atom model with 7.4 % hydrogen and a
611-atom model with 22 % hydrogen were constructed. Starting from a random
configuration, using physically relevant constraints, {\it ab initio}
interactions and the experimental static structure factor, we construct
realistic models of hydrogenated amorphous silicon. Our models confirm the
presence of a high frequency localized band in the vibrational density of
states due to Si-H vibration that has been observed in a recent vibrational
transient grating measurements on plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited
films of hydrogenated amorphous silicon.


title: Pure Spinors on Lie groups

abstract:
  For any manifold M, the direct sum TM \oplus T*M carries a natural inner
product given by the pairing of vectors and covectors. Differential forms on M
may be viewed as spinors for the corresponding Clifford bundle, and in
particular there is a notion of \emph{pure spinor}.
  In this paper, we study pure spinors and Dirac structures in the case when
M=G is a Lie group with a bi-invariant pseudo-Riemannian metric, e.g. G
semi-simple. The applications of our theory include the construction of
distinguished volume forms on conjugacy classes in G, and a new approach to the
theory of quasi-Hamiltonian G-spaces.


title: Remodeling the B-model

abstract:
  We propose a complete, new formalism to compute unambiguously B-model open
and closed amplitudes in local Calabi-Yau geometries, including the mirrors of
toric manifolds. The formalism is based on the recursive solution of matrix
models recently proposed by Eynard and Orantin. The resulting amplitudes are
non-perturbative in both the closed and the open moduli. The formalism can then
be used to study stringy phase transitions in the open/closed moduli space. At
large radius, this formalism may be seen as a mirror formalism to the
topological vertex, but it is also valid in other phases in the moduli space.
We develop the formalism in general and provide an extensive number of checks,
including a test at the orbifold point of A_p fibrations, where the amplitudes
compute the 't Hooft expansion of Wilson loops in lens spaces. We also use our
formalism to predict the disk amplitude for the orbifold C^3/Z_3.


title: Oligarchic planetesimal accretion and giant planet formation

abstract:
  Aims. In the context of the core instability model, we present calculations
of in situ giant planet formation. The oligarchic growth regime of solid
protoplanets is the model adopted for the growth of the core. Methods. The full
differential equations of giant planet formation were numerically solved with
an adaptation of a Henyey-type code. The planetesimals accretion rate was
coupled in a self-consistent way to the envelope's evolution. Results. We
performed several simulations for the formation of a Jupiter-like object by
assuming various surface densities for the protoplanetary disc and two
different sizes for the accreted planetesimals. We find that the atmospheric
gas drag gives rise to a major enhancement on the effective capture radius of
the protoplanet, thus leading to an average timescale reduction of 30% -- 55%
and ultimately to an increase by a factor of 2 of the final mass of solids
accreted as compared to the situation in which drag effects are neglected. With
regard to the size of accreted planetesimals, we find that for a swarm of
planetesimals having a radius of 10 km, the formation time is a factor 2 to 3
shorter than that of planetesimals of 100 km, the factor depending on the
surface density of the nebula. Moreover, planetesimal size does not seem to
have a significant impact on the final mass of the core.


title:
A Beale-Kato-Majda breakdown criterion for an Oldroyd-B fluid in the
  creeping flow regime

abstract:
  We derive a criterion for the breakdown of solutions to the Oldroyd-B model
in $\R^3$ in the limit of zero Reynolds number (creeping flow). If the initial
stress field is in the Sobolev space $H^m$, $m> 5/2$, then either a unique
solution exists within this space indefinitely, or, at the time where the
solution breaks down, the time integral of the $L^\infty$-norm of the stress
tensor must diverge. This result is analogous to the celebrated
Beale-Kato-Majda breakdown criterion for the inviscid Eluer equations of
incompressible fluids.


title: Analysis of stochastic fluid queues driven by local time processes

abstract:
  We consider a stochastic fluid queue served by a constant rate server and
driven by a process which is the local time of a certain Markov process. Such a
stochastic system can be used as a model in a priority service system,
especially when the time scales involved are fast. The input (local time) in
our model is always singular with respect to the Lebesgue measure which in many
applications is ``close'' to reality. We first discuss how to rigorously
construct the (necessarily) unique stationary version of the system under some
natural stability conditions. We then consider the distribution of performance
steady-state characteristics, namely, the buffer content, the idle period and
the busy period. These derivations are much based on the fact that the inverse
of the local time of a Markov process is a L\'evy process (a subordinator)
hence making the theory of L\'evy processes applicable. Another important
ingredient in our approach is the Palm calculus coming from the point process
point of view.


title:
What happens to geometric phase when spin-orbit interactions lift band
  degeneracy?

abstract:
  Spin-orbit interaction lifts accidental band degeneracy. The geometric phase
gamma(C)=pi for circuits surrounding a line of such degeneracy cannot survive
completely unchanged. The change depends on how the spin is fixed during
adiabatic evolution. For spin fixed along the internal spin-orbit field,
gamma(C) decreases to zero as the circuit collapses around the line of lifted
degeneracy. For spin fixed along a perpendicular axis, the conical intersection
persists and gamma(C)=pi is unchanged.


title: Hurwitz numbers, matrix models and enumerative geometry

abstract:
  We propose a new, conjectural recursion solution for Hurwitz numbers at all
genera. This conjecture is based on recent progress in solving type B
topological string theory on the mirrors of toric Calabi-Yau manifolds, which
we briefly review to provide some background for our conjecture. We show in
particular how this B-model solution, combined with mirror symmetry for the
one-leg, framed topological vertex, leads to a recursion relation for Hodge
integrals with three Hodge class insertions. Our conjecture in Hurwitz theory
follows from this recursion for the framed vertex in the limit of infinite
framing.


title: The NICA/MPD Project at JINR (Dubna)

abstract:
  A new project of Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) and
Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) is proposed at JINR (Dubna). Status of this
NICA/MPD project is outlined. Main system parameters and some construction
details are given.


title: On deformations of metrics and their associated spinor structures

abstract:
  Smooth deformations of a Minkowski type metric in a four-dimensional
space-time manifold are considered. Deformations of the basic spin-tensorial
fields associated with this metric are calculated and their application to
calculating the energy-momentum tensor of a massive spin 1/2 particle is shown.


title: Average twin prime conjecture for elliptic curves

abstract:
  Let E be an elliptic curve over Q. In 1988, Koblitz conjectured a precise
asymptotic for the number of primes p up to x such that the order of the group
of points of E over the finite field F_p is prime. This is an analogue of the
Hardy and Littlewood twin prime conjecture in the case of elliptic curves.
  Koblitz's conjecture is still widely open. In this paper we prove that
Koblitz's conjecture is true on average over a two-parameter family of elliptic
curves. One of the key ingredients in the proof is a short average distribution
result in the style of Barban-Davenport-Halberstam, where the average is taken
over twin primes and their differences.


title: Tau neutrino search with the MAGIC telescope

abstract:
  The MAGIC telescope located on the Roque de los Muchachos on the Canary
Island La Palma at a height of 2200 m a.s.l. is able to point to the sea. This
permits a search for air shower signatures induced by particles coming out of
the Earth. An analytical approximation results in tau neutrino effective areas
from ~10^3 m^2 (at 100 TeV) to 10^5 m^2 (at 1 EeV) for an observation angle of
about 1 degree below the horizon, rapidly diminishing with further inclination.
Taking into account the huge effective area, this configuration was
investigated for its suitability to search for ultra-high energy (UHE)
tau-neutrino signatures. The outcome of simulations for tau-neutrino signatures
will be presented, models for astrophysical neutrino sources reviewed, and
estimated event rates in MAGIC are shown.


title: Momentum and energy preserving integrators for nonholonomic dynamics

abstract:
  In this paper, we propose a geometric integrator for nonholonomic mechanical
systems. It can be applied to discrete Lagrangian systems specified through a
discrete Lagrangian defined on QxQ, where Q is the configuration manifold, and
a (generally nonintegrable) distribution in TQ. In the proposed method, a
discretization of the constraints is not required. We show that the method
preserves the discrete nonholonomic momentum map, and also that the
nonholonomic constraints are preserved in average. We study in particular the
case where Q has a Lie group structure and the discrete Lagrangian and/or
nonholonomic constraints have various invariance properties, and show that the
method is also energy-preserving in some important cases.


title:
Discrete Rotational Symmetry, Moment Isotropy, and High Order Lattice
  Boltzmann Models

abstract:
  Conventional lattice Boltzmann models only satisfy moment isotropy up to
fourth order. In order to accurately describe improtant physical effects beyond
the isothermal Navier-Stokes fluid regime, higher order isotropy is required.
In this paper, we present some basic results on moment isotropy and its
relationship to the rotational symmetry of a generating discrete vector set.
The anslysis provides a geometric understanding for popular lattice Boltzmann
models, while offering a systematic procedure to construct higher order models.


title: Fluctuations and Rheology in Active Bacterial Suspensions

abstract:
  We probe non-equilibrium properties of an active bacterial bath through
measurements of correlations of passive tracer particles and the response
function of a driven, optically trapped tracer. These measurements demonstrate
violation of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem and enable us to extract the
power spectrum of the active stress fluctuations. In some cases, we observe
$1/\sqrt{\omega}$ scaling in the noise spectrum which we show can be derived
from a theoretical model incorporating coupled stress, orientation, and
concentration fluctuations of the bacteria.


title: A sharp bound for the Stein-Wainger oscillatory integral

abstract:
  Let Pd denote the space of all real polynomials of degree at most d. It is an
old result of Stein and Wainger that for every polynomial P in Pd:
  |p.v.\int_R {e^{iP(t)} dt/t} | < C(d) for some constant C(d) depending only
on d. On the other hand, Carbery, Wainger and Wright claim that the true order
of magnitude of the above principal value integral is log d. We prove this
conjecture.


title:
Correlations of chiral condensates and quark number densities with
  static quark sources

abstract:
  We investigate correlation functions of the Polyakov loop and static
meson/diquark systems with the chiral condensate and the quark number density
at finite temperature. In particular the latter observable can give insight in
the mechanism of screening and string breaking at finite temperature. We use
for our analysis gauge field configurations generated in 2+1 flavor QCD with an
improved staggered fermion action with almost physical light quark masses and a
physical value of the strange quark mass on lattices with temporal extent Nt=4
and 6.


title: Spitzer Observations of Tidal Dwarf Galaxies

abstract:
  We present Spitzer observations of Tidal Dwarf Galaxies (TDGs) in three
interacting systems: NGC 5291, Arp105 and Stephan's Quintet. The spectra show
bright emission from polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nebular lines and warm
molecular hydrogen, characteristic of recent episodes of star formation. The
PAH emission that falls in the IRAC 8.0 micron band leads to the TDGs having an
extremely red IRAC color, with [4.5] - [8.0] > 3. The emission from PAHs is
characterized by a model with mainly neutral 100-C PAH atoms.


title:
Intimate relations between electronic nematic, d-density wave and d-wave
  superconducting states

abstract:
  This paper consists of two important theoretical observations on the
interplay between l = 2 condensates; d-density wave (ddw), electronic nematic
and d-wave superconducting states. (1) There is SO(4) invariance at a
transition between the nematic and d-wave superconducting states. The nematic
and d-wave pairing operators can be rotated into each other by pseudospin SU(2)
generators, which are s-wave pairing and electron density operators. The
difference between the current work and the previous O(4) symmetry at a
transition between the ddw and d-wave superconducting states (Nayak 2000 Phys.
Rev. B 62 R6135) is presented. (2) The nematic and ddw operators transform into
each other under a unitary transformation. Thus, when a Hamiltonian is
invariant under such a transformation, the two states are exactly degenerate.
The competition between the nematic and ddw states in the presence of a
degeneracy breaking term is discussed.


title: On the Halo Occupation of Dark Baryons

abstract:
  We introduce a new technique that adopts the halo occupation framework for
understanding the origin of QSO absorption-line systems. Our initial study
focuses specifically on MgII absorbers. We construct a model of the gaseous
content in which the absorption equivalent width W_r is determined by the the
amount of cold gas, in the form of discrete clouds, along a sightline through a
halo. The two quantities that we specify per halo in the model are (1) the mean
absorption strength per unit surface mass density A_W(M), and (2) the mean
covering factor kappa_g(M) of the gaseous clouds. These parameters determine
the conditional probability distribution of W_r as a function of halo mass,
P(W_r|M). Two empirical measurements are applied to constrain the model: (i)
the absorber frequency distribution function and (ii) the W_r-dependent
clustering amplitude. We find that the data demand a rapid transition in the
gas content of halos at ~10^11.5 Msol/h, below which halos contain
predominantly cold gas and beyond which gas becomes predominantly hot. In order
to reproduce the observed overall strong clustering of the absorbers and the
anti-correlation between W_r and halo mass M, roughly 5% of gas in halos up to
10^14 Msol/h is required to be cold. The gas covering factor is near unity over
a wide range of halo mass, supporting that Mg II systems probe an unbiased
sample of typical galaxies. We discuss the implications of our study in the
contexts of mass assembly of distant galaxies and the origin of QSO absorption
line systems.


title:
Hypervelocity Stars III. The Space Density and Ejection History of Main
  Sequence Stars from the Galactic Center

abstract:
  We report the discovery of 3 new unbound hypervelocity stars (HVSs), stars
traveling with such extreme velocities that dynamical ejection from a massive
black hole (MBH) is their only suggested origin. We also detect a population of
possibly bound HVSs. The significant asymmetry we observe in the velocity
distribution -- we find 26 stars with v_rf > 275 km/s and 1 star with v_rf <
-275 km/s -- shows that the HVSs must be short-lived, probably 3 - 4 Msun main
sequence stars. Any population of hypervelocity post-main sequence stars should
contain stars falling back onto the Galaxy, contrary to the observations. The
spatial distribution of HVSs also supports the main sequence interpretation:
longer-lived 3 Msun HVSs fill our survey volume; shorter-lived 4 Msun HVSs are
missing at faint magnitudes. We infer that there are 96 +- 10 HVSs of mass 3 -
4 Msun within R < 100 kpc, possibly enough HVSs to constrain ejection
mechanisms and potential models. Depending on the mass function of HVSs, we
predict that SEGUE may find up to 5 - 15 new HVSs. The travel times of our HVSs
favor a continuous ejection process, although a ~120 Myr-old burst of HVSs is
also allowed.


title:
Constraints on Circumstellar Material Around the Type Ia Supernova
  2007af

abstract:
  Patat et al. recently inferred the existence of circumstellar material around
a normal Type Ia supernova (SN) for the first time, finding time-variable Na I
D absorption lines in the spectrum of SN 2006X. We present high-resolution
spectroscopy of the bright SN Ia 2007af at three epochs and search for
variability in any of the Na D absorption components. Over the time range from
4 days before to 24 days after maximum light, we find that the host-galaxy Na D
lines appear to be of interstellar rather than circumstellar origin and do not
vary down to the level of 18 mA (column density of 2 x 10^11 cm^-2). We limit
any circumstellar absorption lines to be weaker than ~10 mA (6 x 10^10 cm^-2).
For the case of material distributed in spherically symmetric shells of radius
~10^16 cm surrounding the progenitor system, we place an upper limit on the
shell mass of ~(3 x 10^-8)/X Msun, where X is the Na ionization fraction. We
also show that SN 2007af is a photometrically and spectroscopically normal SN
Ia. Assuming that the variable Na D lines in SN 2006X came from circumstellar
matter, we therefore conclude that either there is a preferred geometry for the
detection of variable absorption components in Type Ia supernovae, or SN 2007af
and SN 2006X had different types of progenitor systems.


title: Converting Halpha luminosities into SFRs

abstract:
  Star-formation rates (SFRs) of galaxies are commonly calculated by converting
the measured Halpha luminosities (L_Halpha) into current SFRs. This conversion
is based on a constant initial mass function (IMF) independent of the total
SFR. As recently recognised the maximum stellar mass in a star cluster is
limited by the embedded total cluster mass and, in addition, the maximum
embedded star cluster mass is constrained by the current SFR. The combination
of these two relations leads to an integrated galaxial initial stellar mass
function (IGIMF, the IMF for the whole galaxy) which is steeper in the high
mass regime than the constant canonical IMF, and is dependent on the SFR of the
galaxy. Consequently, the L_Halpha-SFR relation becomes non-linear and flattens
for low SFRs. Especially for dwarf galaxies the SFRs can be underestimated by
up to three orders of magnitude. We revise the existing linear L_Halpha-SFR
relations using our IGIMF notion. These are likely to lead to a revision of the
cosmological star formation histories. We also demonstrate that in the case of
the Sculptor dwarf irregular galaxies the IGIMF-formalism implies a linear
dependence of the total SFR on the total galaxy gas mass. A constant gas
depletion time scale of a few Gyrs results independently of the galaxy gas mass
with a reduced scatter compared to the conventional results. Our findings are
qualitatively independent of the explicit choice of the IGIMF details and
challenges current star formation theory in dwarf galaxies.


title: The Star Formation Law in a Multifractal ISM

abstract:
  The surface density of the star formation rate in different galaxies, as well
as in different parts of a single galaxy, scales nonlinearly with the surface
density of the total gas. This observationally established relation is known as
the Kennicutt-Schmidt star formation law. The slope of the star formation law
has been shown to change with the density of the gas against which the star
formation rate is plotted. This dependence implies a nonlinear scaling between
the dense gas and the total gas surface densities within galaxies. Here, we
explore a possible interpretation of this scaling as a property of the geometry
of the interstellar medium (ISM), and we find that it arises naturally if the
topology of the ISM is multifractal. Under the additional assumption that, at
very high densities, the star formation timescale is roughly constant, the star
formation law itself can also be recovered as a consequence of the multifractal
geometry of the ISM. The slope of the scaling depends on the width of the
global probability density function (PDF), and is between 1.5 and 1.6 for wide
PDFs relevant to high-mass systems, while it is higher for narrower PDFs
appropriate for lower-mass dwarf galaxies, in agreement with observations.


title:
Discovery of Very High Energy Gamma-Rays from the Distant Flat Spectrum
  Radio Quasar 3C 279 with the MAGIC Telescope

abstract:
  The quasar 3C 279 is one of the best-studied flat spectrum radio quasars. It
is located at a comparatively large redshift of z=0.536: E>100 GeV observations
of such distant sources were until recently impossible both due to the expected
steep energy spectrum and the expected attenuation of the gamma-rays by the
extragalactic background light. Here we present results on the observation of
3C 279 with the MAGIC telescope in early 2006. We report the detection of a
significant very high energy gamma-ray signal in the MAGIC energy range on the
observation night of 2006 February 23.


title:
Considerations for the habitable zone of super-Earth planets in Gliese
  581

abstract:
  We assess the possibility that planets Gliese 581 c and d are within the
habitable zone. In analogy with our solar system, we use an empirical
definition of the habitable zone. We include assumptions such as planetary
climates, and atmospheric circulation on gravitationally locked synchronous
rotation. Based on the different scenarios, we argue that both planets in
Gliese 581 could develop conditions for a habitable zone. In an Earth-like
environment planet d could be within a habitable zone, if an atmosphere
producing greenhouse effect of 100K could have developed. If the planets are
gravitationally locked-in, planet c could develop atmospheric circulation that
would allow it to reach temperatures consistent with the existence of surface
liquid water, which in turn could support life.


title: Random walks on quasisymmetric functions

abstract:
  Conditions are provided under which an endomorphism on quasisymmetric
functions gives rise to a left random walk on the descent algebra which is also
a lumping of a left random walk on permutations. Spectral results are also
obtained. Several well-studied random walks are now realized this way:
Stanley's QS-distribution results from endomorphisms given by evaluation maps,
a-shuffles result from the a-th convolution power of the universal character,
and the Tchebyshev operator of the second kind introduced recently by Ehrenborg
and Readdy yields traditional riffle shuffles. A conjecture of Ehrenborg
regarding the spectra for a family of random walks on ab-words is proven. A
theorem of Stembridge from the theory of enriched P-partitions is also
recovered as a special case.


title:
Efficient one- and two-qubit pulsed gates for an oscillator stabilized
  Josephson qubit

abstract:
  We present theoretical schemes for performing high-fidelity one- and
two-qubit pulsed gates for a superconducting flux qubit. The "IBM qubit"
consists of three Josephson junctions, three loops, and a superconducting
transmission line. Assuming a fixed inductive qubit-qubit coupling, we show
that the effective qubit-qubit interaction is tunable by changing the applied
fluxes, and can be made negligible, allowing one to perform high fidelity
single qubit gates. Our schemes are tailored to alleviate errors due to 1/f
noise; we find gates with only 1% loss of fidelity due to this source, for
pulse times in the range of 20-30ns for one-qubit gates (Z rotations,
Hadamard), and 60ns for a two-qubit gate (controlled-Z). Our relaxation and
dephasing time estimates indicate a comparable loss of fidelity from this
source. The control of leakage plays an important role in the design of our
shaped pulses, preventing shorter pulse times. However, we have found that
imprecision in the control of the quantum phase plays the major role in the
limitation of the fidelity of our gates.


title: Weak lensing ellipticities in a strong lensing regime

abstract:
  It is now routine to measure the weak gravitational lensing shear signal from
the mean ellipticity of distant galaxies. However, conversion between
ellipticity and shear assumes local linearity of the lensing potential (ie that
the spatial derivatives of the shear are small), and this condition is not
satisfied in some of the most interesting regions of the sky. We extend a
derivation of lensing equations to include higher order terms, and assess the
level of biases introduced by assuming that first-order weak lensing theory
holds in a relatively strong shear regime. We find that, even in a worst-case
scenario, a fully linear analysis is accurate to within 1% outside ~1.07 times
the Einstein radius of a lens, by deriving an analytic function that can be
used to estimate the applicability of any first-order analysis. The effect is
too small to explain the discrepancy between weak- and strong-lensing estimates
of the mass of the bullet cluster, and should not impact cluster surveys for
the forseeable future. In fact, it means that arclets can be used to measure
shears closer to a cluster core than has been generally appreciated. However,
at the level of accuracy demanded by future lensing surveys, this bias ought to
be considered in measurements of the inner slope of cluster mass distributions
and the small-scale end of the mass power spectrum. Both of these are central
in determining the relationship between baryonic and dark matter.


title:
Connection between the Green functions of the supersymmetric pair of
  Dirac Hamiltonians

abstract:
  The Sukumar theorem about the connection between the Green functions of the
supersymmetric pair of the Schr\"odinger Hamiltonians is generalized to the
case of the supersymmetric pair of the Dirac Hamiltonians.


title: Testing Spontaneous Parity Violation at the LHC

abstract:
  We construct a supersymmetric SU(2)_L X SU(2)_R X U(1)_B-L model in which a
discrete symmetry (C-parity) implements strict left-right symmetry in the
scalar (Higgs) sector. Although two electroweak bidoublets are introduced to
accommodate the observed fermion masses and mixings, a natural missing partner
mechanism insures that a single pair of MSSM Higgs doublets survives below the
left-right symmetry breaking scale. If this scale happens to lie in the TeV
range, several new particles potentially much lighter than the SU(2)_R charged
gauge bosons W_R^+- will be accessible at the LHC.


title:
Localized modes at a D-brane--O-plane intersection and heterotic Alice
  strings

abstract:
  We study a system of $N_c$ $D3$-branes intersecting $D7$-branes and
$O7$-planes in 1+1-dimensions. We use anomaly cancellation and string dualities
to argue that there must be chiral fermion zero-modes on the $D3$-branes which
are localized near the $O7$-planes. Away from the orientifold limit we verify
this by using index theory as well as explicit construction of the zero-modes.
This system is related to F-theory on K3 and heterotic matrix string theory,
and the heterotic strings are related to Alice string defects in
$\mathcal{N}=4$ Super-Yang-Mills. In the limit of large $N_c$ we find an
$AdS_3$ dual of the heterotic matrix string CFT.


title: Microcausality in Curved Space-Time

abstract:
  It is well known that in Lorentz invariant quantum field theories in flat
space the commutator of space-like separated local operators vanishes
(microcausality). We provide two different arguments showing that this is a
consequence of the causal structure of the classical theory, rather than of
Lorentz invariance. In particular, microcausality holds in arbitrary curved
space-times, where Lorentz invariance is explicitly broken by the background
metric. As illustrated by an explicit calculation on a cylinder this property
is rather non trivial at the level of Feynman diagrams.


title: Ascertaining the Core Collapse Supernova Mechanism: An Emerging Picture?

abstract:
  Here we present the results from two sets of simulations, in two and three
spatial dimensions. In two dimensions, the simulations include multifrequency
flux-limited diffusion neutrino transport in the "ray-by-ray-plus"
approximation, two-dimensional self gravity in the Newtonian limit, and nuclear
burning through a 14-isotope alpha network. The three-dimensional simulations
are model simulations constructed to reflect the post stellar core bounce
conditions during neutrino shock reheating at the onset of explosion. They are
hydrodynamics-only models that focus on critical aspects of the shock stability
and dynamics and their impact on the supernova mechanism and explosion. In two
dimensions, we obtain explosions (although in one case weak) for two
progenitors (11 and 15 Solar mass models). Moreover, in both cases the
explosion is initiated when the inner edge of the oxygen layer accretes through
the shock. Thus, the shock is not revived while in the iron core, as previously
discussed in the literature. The three-dimensional studies of the development
of the stationary accretion shock instability (SASI) demonstrate the
fundamentally new dynamics allowed when simulations are performed in three
spatial dimensions. The predominant l=1 SASI mode gives way to a stable m=1
mode, which in turn has significant ramifications for the distribution of
angular momentum in the region between the shock and proto-neutron star and,
ultimately, for the spin of the remnant neutron star. Moreover, the
three-dimensional simulations make clear, given the increased number of degrees
of freedom, that two-dimensional models are severely limited by artificially
imposed symmetries.


title: Compact Stars as Dark Matter Probes

abstract:
  We discuss the consequences of the accretion of dark matter (DM) particles on
compact stars such as white dwarfs and neutron stars. We show that in large
regions of the DM parameter space, these objects are sensitive probes of the
presence of DM and can be used to set constraints both on the DM density and on
the physical properties of DM particles.


title: Diquark Higgs at LHC

abstract:
  Existence of color sextet diquark Higgs fields with TeV masses will indicate
a fundamentally different direction for unification than conventional grand
unified theories. There is a class of partial unification models based on the
gauge group $SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R\times SU(4)_c$ that implement the seesaw
mechanism for neutrino mass with seesaw scale around $10^{11}$ GeV, where
indeed such light fields appear naturally despite the high gauge symmetry
breaking scale. They couple only to up-type quarks in this model.
  We discuss phenomenological constraints on these fields and show that they
could be detected at LHC via their decay to either $tt$ or single top + jet. We
also find that existing Tevatron data gives a lower bound on its mass somewhere
in the 400-500 GeV, for reasonable values of its coupling.


title: Spectropolarimetry of the Type IIb Supernova 2001ig

abstract:
  We present spectropolarimetric observations of the Type IIb SN 2001ig in NGC
7424; conducted with the ESO VLT FORS1 on 2001 Dec 16, 2002 Jan 3 and 2002 Aug
16 or 13, 31 and 256 days post-explosion. These observations are at three
different stages of the SN evolution: (1) The hydrogen-rich photospheric phase,
(2) the Type II to Type Ib transitional phase and (3) the nebular phase. At
each of these stages, the observations show remarkably different polarization
properties as a function of wavelength. We show that the degree of interstellar
polarization is 0.17%. The low intrinsic polarization (~0.2%) at the first
epoch is consistent with an almost spherical (<10% deviation from spherical
symmetry) hydrogen dominated ejecta. Similar to SN 1987A and to Type IIP SNe, a
sharp increase in the degree of the polarization (~1%) is observed when the
outer hydrogen layer becomes optically thin by day 31; only at this epoch is
the polarization well described by a ``dominant axis.'' The polarization angle
of the data shows a rotation through ~40 degrees between the first and second
epochs, indicating that the asymmetries of the first epoch were not directly
coupled with those observed at the second epoch. For the most polarized lines,
we observe wavelength-dependent loop structures in addition to the dominant
axis on the Q-U plane. We show that the polarization properties of Type IIb SNe
are roughly similar to one another, but with significant differences arising
due to line blending effects especially with the high velocities observed for
SN 2001ig. This suggests that the geometry of SN 2001ig is related to SN 1993J
and that these events may have arisen from a similar binary progenitor system.


title:
A novel concept for increasing the peak sensitivity of LIGO by detuning
  the arm cavities

abstract:
  We introduce a concept that uses detuned arm cavities to increase the shot
noise limited sensitivity of LIGO without increasing the light power inside the
arm cavities. Numerical simulations show an increased sensitivity between 125
and 400 Hz, with a maximal improvement of about 80% around 225 Hz, while the
sensitivity above 400Hz is decreased. Furthermore our concept is found to give
a sensitivity similar to that of a conventional RSE configuration with a
Signal-Recycling mirror of moderate reflectivity. In the near future detuned
arm cavities might be a beneficial alternative to RSE, due the potentially less
hardware intensive implementation of the proposed concept.


title: Making black holes visible: accretion, radiation, and jets

abstract:
  With the fundamental stress mechanism of accretion disks
identified--correlated MHD turbulence driven by the magneto-rotational
instability--it has become possible to make numerical simulations of accretion
disk dynamics based on well-understood physics. A sampling of results from both
Newtonian 3-d shearing box and general relativistic global disk MHD simulations
is reported. Among other things, these simulations have shown that: contrary to
long-held assumptions, stress is continuous through the marginally stable and
plunging regions around black holes, so that rotating black holes can give
substantial amounts of angular momentum electromagnetically to surrounding
matter; the upper layers of accretion disks are primarily supported by magnetic
pressure, potentially leading to interesting departures from local black-body
emitted spectra; and initially local magnetic fields in accretion flows can, in
some cases, spontaneously generate large-scale fields that connect rotating
black holes to infinity and mediate strong relativistic jets.


title: Ricci iterations on Kahler classes

abstract:
  In this paper we consider the dynamical system involved by the Ricci operator
on the space of K\"ahler metrics. A. Nadel has defined an iteration scheme
given by the Ricci operator for Fano manifold and asked whether it has some
nontrivial periodic points. First, we prove that no such periodic points can
exist. We define the inverse of the Ricci operator and consider the dynamical
behaviour of its iterates for a Fano K\"ahler-Einstein manifold. In particular
we show that the iterates do converge to the existing K\"ahler-Ricci soliton on
a toric manifold. Finally, we define a finite dimensional procedure to give an
approximation of K\"ahler-Einstein metrics using this iterative procedure and
apply it for $\mathbb{CP}^2$ blown up in 3 points.