title: On the partition of numbers into parts of a given type and number

abstract:
  E394 in the Enestrom index. Translated from the Latin original, "De
partitione numerorum in partes tam numero quam specie datas" (1768).
  Euler finds a lot of recurrence formulas for the number of partitions of $N$
into $n$ parts from some set like 1 to 6 (numbers on the sides of a die). He
starts the paper talking about how many ways a number $N$ can be formed by
throwing $n$ dice. There do not seem to be any new results or ideas here that
weren't in "Observationes analyticae variae de combinationibus", E158 and "De
partitione numerorum", E191. In this paper Euler just does a lot of special
cases. My impression is that Euler is trying to make his theory of partitions
more approachable,. Also, maybe for his own benefit he wants to say it all
again in different words, to make it clear.


title:
Efficient Binary and Run Length Morphology and its Application to
  Document Image Processing

abstract:
  This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of an open source
library for mathematical morphology based on packed binary and run-length
compressed images for document imaging applications. Abstractions and patterns
useful in the implementation of the interval operations are described. A number
of benchmarks and comparisons to bit-blit based implementations on standard
document images are provided.


title:
Definition and stability of Lorentzian manifolds with distributional
  curvature

abstract:
  Following Geroch, Traschen, Mars and Senovilla, we consider Lorentzian
manifolds with distributional curvature tensor. Such manifolds represent
spacetimes of general relativity that possibly contain gravitational waves,
shock waves, and other singular patterns. We aim here at providing a
comprehensive and geometric (i.e., coordinate-free) framework. First, we
determine the minimal assumptions required on the metric tensor in order to
give a rigorous meaning to the spacetime curvature within the framework of
distribution theory. This leads us to a direct derivation of the jump relations
associated with singular parts of connection and curvature operators. Second,
we investigate the induced geometry on a hypersurface with general signature,
and we determine the minimal assumptions required to define, in the sense of
distributions, the curvature tensors and the second fundamental form of the
hypersurface and to establish the Gauss-Codazzi equations.


title: Gorenstein Global Dimensions and Cotorsion Dimension of Rings

abstract:
  In this paper, we establish, as a generalization of a result on the classical
homological dimensions of commutative rings, an upper bound on the Gorenstein
global dimension of commutative rings using the global cotorsion dimension of
rings. We use this result to compute the Gorenstein global dimension of some
particular cases of trivial extensions of rings and of group rings.


title:
Stability, convergence to the steady state and elastic limit for the
  Boltzmann equation for diffusively excited granular media

abstract:
  We consider a space-homogeneous gas of {\it inelastic hard spheres}, with a
{\it diffusive term} representing a random background forcing (in the framework
of so-called {\em constant normal restitution coefficients} $\alpha \in [0,1]$
for the inelasticity). In the physical regime of a small inelasticity (that is
$\alpha \in [\alpha_*,1)$ for some constructive $\alpha_* \in [0,1)$) we prove
uniqueness of the stationary solution for given values of the restitution
coefficient $\alpha \in [\alpha_*,1)$, the mass and the momentum, and we give
various results on the linear stability and nonlinear stability of this
stationary solution.


title: Sweedler's duals and Sch\"utzenberger's calculus

abstract:
  We describe the problem of Sweedler's duals for bialgebras as essentially
characterizing the domain of the transpose of the multiplication. This domain
is the set of what could be called ``representative linear forms'' which are
the elements of the algebraic dual which are also representative on the
multiplicative semigroup of the algebra. When the algebra is free, this notion
is indeed equivalent to that of rational functions of automata theory. For the
sake of applications, the range of coefficients has been considerably
broadened, i.e. extended to semirings, so that the results could be specialized
to the boolean and multiplicity cases. This requires some caution (use of
``positive formulas'', iteration replacing inversion, stable submodules
replacing finite-rank families for instance). For the theory and its
applications has been created a rational calculus which can, in return, be
applied to harness Sweedler's duals. A new theorem of rational closure and
application to Hopf algebras of use in Physics and Combinatorics is provided.
The concrete use of this ``calculus'' is eventually illustrated on an example.


title:
Global Gorenstein dimensions of polynomial rings and of direct product
  of rings

abstract:
  In this paper, we extend the well-known Hilbert's syzygy theorem to the
Gorenstein homological dimensions of rings. Also, we study the Gorenstein
homological dimensions of direct product of rings, which gives examples of
non-Noetherian rings of finite Gorenstein dimensions and infinite classical
weak dimension.


title: Rings over which all modules are strongly Gorenstein projective

abstract:
  One of the main results of this paper is the characterization of the rings
over which all modules are strongly Gorenstein projective. We show that these
kinds of rings are very particular cases of the well-known quasi-Frobenius
rings. We give examples of rings over which all modules are Gorenstein
projective but not necessarily strongly Gorenstein projective.


title: Pr\"ufer-Like Conditions in Subring Retracts and Applications

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider five possible extensions of the Pr\"ufer domain
notion to the case of commutative rings with zero divisors. We investigate the
transfer of these Pr\"ufer-like properties between a commutative ring and its
subring retract. Our results generate new families of examples of rings subject
to a given Pr\"ufer-like conditions.


title:
A Low-Temperature Specific Heat Study of the Giant Dielectric Constant
  Materials

abstract:
  Low-temperature specific-heat study has been performed on the insulating
giant dielectric constant material CaCu3Ti4O12 and two related compounds,
Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 and La0.5Na0.5Cu3Ti4O12, from 0.6 to 10 K. From analyzing the
specific heat data at very low-temperature range, 0.6 to 1.5 K, and moderately
low-temperature range, 1.5 to 5 K, in addition to the expected Debye terms, we
noticed significant contributions originated from the linear and Einstein
terms, which we attributed as the manifestation of low-lying elementary
excitations due to lattice vibrations occurred at the grain boundaries and
induced by local defects. Together with the findings on electronic and
mechanical properties, a phenomenological model is proposed to explain the high
dielectric constant behaviors at both low and high frequency regions.


title: On the Relationship between the Posterior and Optimal Similarity

abstract:
  For a classification problem described by the joint density $P(\omega,x)$,
models of $P(\omega\eq\omega'|x,x')$ (the ``Bayesian similarity measure'') have
been shown to be an optimal similarity measure for nearest neighbor
classification. This paper analyzes demonstrates several additional properties
of that conditional distribution. The paper first shows that we can
reconstruct, up to class labels, the class posterior distribution $P(\omega|x)$
given $P(\omega\eq\omega'|x,x')$, gives a procedure for recovering the class
labels, and gives an asymptotically Bayes-optimal classification procedure. It
also shows, given such an optimal similarity measure, how to construct a
classifier that outperforms the nearest neighbor classifier and achieves
Bayes-optimal classification rates. The paper then analyzes Bayesian similarity
in a framework where a classifier faces a number of related classification
tasks (multitask learning) and illustrates that reconstruction of the class
posterior distribution is not possible in general. Finally, the paper
identifies a distinct class of classification problems using
$P(\omega\eq\omega'|x,x')$ and shows that using $P(\omega\eq\omega'|x,x')$ to
solve those problems is the Bayes optimal solution.


title: Learning Similarity for Character Recognition and 3D Object Recognition

abstract:
  I describe an approach to similarity motivated by Bayesian methods. This
yields a similarity function that is learnable using a standard Bayesian
methods. The relationship of the approach to variable kernel and variable
metric methods is discussed. The approach is related to variable kernel
Experimental results on character recognition and 3D object recognition are
presented..


title: On Uniqueness of supersymmetric Black holes in AdS(5)

abstract:
  We study the possibility of having Black hole of spherical and ring horizon
topology with five independent charges in the $U(1)^3$-model of 5D gauge
supergravity. To study these possibilities we consider not only the known
result obtained by local supersymmetry analysis but include the input coming
from non-local properties of the solutions, like the attractor mechanism, the
entropy function of Sen, the Euclidean formulation and general properties of
the uplift to ten dimension. For the spherical case, we found that there is no
room for more general Black holes than the ones already describe in
hep-th/0601156. On the other hand, if a solution of ring horizon topology
exists, we conclude that it must be labeled by three independent parameters
only, since it has to satisfy two independent constraints that we explicitly
find in terms of its chemical potentials. At the end of the article, based on
all the local and non-local information, we put forward a conjecture on the
constraints that characterize general Black holes dual to ${\cal N}=4$ SYM.


title:
Mechanism of murine epidermal maintenance: Cell division and the Voter
  Model

abstract:
  This paper presents an interesting experimental example of voter-model
statistics in biology. In recent work on mouse tail-skin, where proliferating
cells are confined to a two-dimensional layer, we showed that cells proliferate
and differentiate according to a simple stochastic model of cell division
involving just one type of proliferating cell that may divide both
symmetrically and asymmetrically. Curiously, these simple rules provide
excellent predictions of the cell population dynamics without having to address
their spatial distribution. Yet, if the spatial behaviour of cells is addressed
by allowing cells to diffuse at random, one deduces that density fluctuations
destroy tissue confluence, implying some hidden degree of spatial regulation in
the physical system. To infer the mechanism of spatial regulation, we consider
a two-dimensional model of cell fate that preserves the overall population
dynamics. By identifying the resulting behaviour with a three-species variation
of the "Voter" model, we predict that proliferating cells in the basal layer
should cluster. Analysis of empirical correlations of cells stained for
proliferation activity confirms that the expected clustering behaviour is
indeed seen in nature.


title:
Identifying the odd-frequency superconducting state by a field-induced
  Josephson effect

abstract:
  Superconducting order parameters that are odd under exchange of
time-coordinates of the electrons constituting a Cooper-pair, are potentially
of great importance both conceptually and technologically. Recent experiments
report that such an odd-frequency superconducting {\it bulk} state may be
realized in certain heavy-fermion compounds. While the Josephson current
normally only flows between superconductors with the same symmetries with
respect to frequency, we demonstrate that an exchange field may induce a
current between diffusive even- and odd-frequency superconductors. This
suggests a way to identify the possible existence of bulk odd-frequency
superconductors.


title: Decomposition of noncommutative U(1) gauge potential

abstract:
  We investigate the decomposition of noncommutative gauge potential
$\hat{A_{i}}$, and find it has inner structure, namely, $\hat{A_{i}}$ can be
decomposed in two parts $\hat{b_{i}}$ and $\hat{a_{i}}$, here $\hat{b_{i}}$
satisfies gauge transformations while $\hat{a_{i}}$ satisfies adjoint
transformations, so dose the Seiberg-Witten mapping of noncommutative U(1)
gauge potential. By means of Seiberg-Witten mapping, we construct a mapping of
unit vector field between noncommutative space and ordinary space, and find the
noncommutative U(1) gauge potential and its gauge field tenser can be expressed
in terms of the unit vector field. When the unit vector field has non
singularity point, noncommutative gauge potential and gauge field tenser will
equal to ordinary gauge potential and gauge field tenser.


title: Learning View Generalization Functions

abstract:
  Learning object models from views in 3D visual object recognition is usually
formulated either as a function approximation problem of a function describing
the view-manifold of an object, or as that of learning a class-conditional
density. This paper describes an alternative framework for learning in visual
object recognition, that of learning the view-generalization function. Using
the view-generalization function, an observer can perform Bayes-optimal 3D
object recognition given one or more 2D training views directly, without the
need for a separate model acquisition step. The paper shows that view
generalization functions can be computationally practical by restating two
widely-used methods, the eigenspace and linear combination of views approaches,
in a view generalization framework. The paper relates the approach to recent
methods for object recognition based on non-uniform blurring. The paper
presents results both on simulated 3D ``paperclip'' objects and real-world
images from the COIL-100 database showing that useful view-generalization
functions can be realistically be learned from a comparatively small number of
training examples.


title: View Based Methods can achieve Bayes-Optimal 3D Recognition

abstract:
  This paper proves that visual object recognition systems using only 2D
Euclidean similarity measurements to compare object views against previously
seen views can achieve the same recognition performance as observers having
access to all coordinate information and able of using arbitrary 3D models
internally. Furthermore, it demonstrates that such systems do not require more
training views than Bayes-optimal 3D model-based systems. For building computer
vision systems, these results imply that using view-based or appearance-based
techniques with carefully constructed combination of evidence mechanisms may
not be at a disadvantage relative to 3D model-based systems. For computational
approaches to human vision, they show that it is impossible to distinguish
view-based and 3D model-based techniques for 3D object recognition solely by
comparing the performance achievable by human and 3D model-based systems.}


title:
Symmetry p-adic invariant integral on Z_p for Bernoulli and euler
  polynomials

abstract:
  The main purpose of this paper is to investigate several further interesting
properties of symmetry for the p-adic invariant integral on Z_p.


title: Direct definition of a ternary infinite square-free sequence

abstract:
  We propose a new ternary infinite (even full-infinite) square-free sequence.
The sequence is defined both by an iterative method and by a direct definition.
Both definitions are analogous to those of the Thue-Morse sequence. The direct
definition is given by a deterministic finite automaton with output. In short,
the sequence is automatic.


title:
The von Neumann Entropy of EPR Spin Correlation for the Relativistic
  Pairs

abstract:
  Variation of the von Neumann entropy by the Lorentz transformation is
discussed. Taking the spin-singlet state in the center of mass frame, the von
Neumann entropy in the laboratory frame is calculated from the reduced density
matrix obtained by taking the trace over 4-momentum after the Lorentz
transformation. As the model to discuss the EPR spin correlation, it is
supposed that one parent particle splits into a superposition state of various
pair states in various directions. Computing the von Neumann entropy and the
Shannon entropy, we have shown a global behavior of the entropy to see a
relativistic effect. We discuss also the super-relativistic limit,
distinguishability between the two particles of the pair and so on.


title: Electrical detection of spin echoes for phosphorus donors in silicon

abstract:
  The electrical detection of spin echoes via echo tomography is used to
observe decoherence processes associated with the electrical readout of the
spin state of phosphorus donor electrons in silicon near a SiO$_2$ interface.
Using the Carr-Purcell pulse sequence, an echo decay with a time constant of
$1.7\pm0.2 \rm{\mu s}$ is observed, in good agreement with theoretical modeling
of the interaction between donors and paramagnetic interface states. Electrical
spin echo tomography thus can be used to study the spin dynamics in realistic
spin qubit devices for quantum information processing.


title:
The Algebra of Graph Invariants - Lower and Upper Bounds for Minimal
  Generators

abstract:
  In this paper we study the algebra of graph invariants, focusing mainly on
the invariants of simple graphs.
  All other invariants, such as sorted eigenvalues, degree sequences and
canonical permutations, belong to this algebra. In fact, every graph invariant
is a linear combination of the basic graph invariants which we study in this
paper.
  To prove that two graphs are isomorphic, a number of basic invariants are
required, which are called separator invariants. The minimal set of separator
invariants is also the minimal basic generator set for the algebra of graph
invariants.
  We find lower and upper bounds for the minimal number of generator/separator
invariants needed for proving graph isomorphism.
  Finally we find a sufficient condition for Ulam's conjecture to be true based
on Redfield's enumeration formula.


title:
Magnetic Complexity in Eruptive Solar Active Regions and Associated
  Eruption Parameters

abstract:
  Using an efficient magnetic complexity index in the active-region solar
photosphere, we quantify the preflare strength of the photospheric magnetic
polarity inversion lines in 23 eruptive active regions with flare/CME/ICME
events tracked all the way from the Sun to the Earth. We find that active
regions with more intense polarity inversion lines host statistically stronger
flares and faster, more impulsively accelerated, CMEs. No significant
correlation is found between the strength of the inversion lines and the flare
soft X-ray rise times, the ICME transit times, and the peak $Dst indices of the
induced geomagnetic storms. Corroborating these and previous results, we
speculate on a possible interpretation for the connection between source active
regions, flares, and CMEs. Further work is needed to validate this concept and
uncover its physical details.


title: Graded modules for Virasoro-like algebra

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider the classification of irreducible ${\bf
  Z}$- and ${\bf Z}^2$-graded modules with finite dimensional homogeneous
subspaces over the Virasoro-like algebra. We first prove that such a module is
a uniformly bounded module or a generalized highest weight module. Then we
determine all generalized highest weight irreducible modules. As a consequence,
we also determine all the modules with nonzero center. Finally, we prove that
there does not exist any nontrivial ${\bf Z}$-graded modules of intermediate
series.


title: Constraints on Astro-unparticle Physics from SN 1987A

abstract:
  SN 1987A observations have been used to place constraints on the interactions
between standard model particles and unparticles. In this study we calculate
the energy loss from the supernovae core through scalar, pseudo scalar, vector,
pseudo vector unparticle emission from nuclear bremsstrahlung for degenerate
nuclear matter interacting through one pion exchange. In order to examine the
constraints on $d_{\cal U}=1$ we considered the emission of scalar, pseudo
scalar, vector, pseudo vector and tensor through the pair annihilation process
$e^+e^-\to {\cal U} \gamma $. In addition we have re-examined other pair
annihilation processes. The most stringent bounds on the dimensionless coupling
constants for $d_{\cal U} =1$ and $\Lambda_{\cal U}= m_Z$ are obtained from
nuclear bremsstrahlung process for the pseudo scalar and pseudo-vector
couplings $\bigl|\lambda^{\cal P}_{0,1}\bigr|\leq 4\times 10^{-11}$ and for
tensor interaction, the best limit on dimensionless coupling is obtained from
$e^+ e^-\to {\cal U} \gamma$ and we get $\bigl|\lambda^{\cal T}\bigr| \leq
6\times 10^{-6}$.


title: The Ring of Graph Invariants - Graphic Values

abstract:
  The ring of graph invariants is spanned by the basic graph invariants which
calculate the number of subgraphs isomorphic to a given graph in other graphs.
These subgraphs counting invariants are not algebraically independent. In our
view the most important problem in graph theory of unlabeled graphs is the
problem of determining graphic values of arbitrary sets of graph invariants.
This corresponds to explaining the syzygy of the graph invariants when the
number of vertices is unbounded. We introduce two methods to explore this
complicated structure. Sets of graphs with a small number of vertices impose
constraints on larger sets. We describe families of inequalities of graph
invariants. These inequalities allow to loop over all values of graph
invariants which look like graphic from the small sets point of view. We also
develop strong notion of graphic values where the existence of the
corresponding graphs is guaranteed once the constraints are satisfied by the
basic graph invariants. These constraints are necessary and sufficient for
graphs whose local neighborhoods are generated by a finite set of locally
connected graphs. The reconstruction of the graph from the basic graph
invariants is shown to be NP-complete in this restricted case. Finally we apply
these results to formulate the problem of Ramsey numbers as an integer
polyhedron problem of moderate and adjustable dimension.


title:
Coincidence limit and generalized interaction term structure in
  multigravity

abstract:
  Generalized structure of the interaction term of multigravity is analyzed in
detail. The coincidence limit of any multigravity theory is defined and the
compatibility equation for the interaction potential is derived which is
studied in the weak perturbation limit of metric. The most general properties
of the invariant volume and the scalar potential of multigravity are
investigated. The general formula for multigravity invariant volume using three
means (arithmetic, geometric and harmonic) is derived. The Pauli-Fierz mass
term for bigravity in the weak field limit is obtained.


title: A Brand-new Research Method of Neuroendocrine System

abstract:
  In this paper, we present the empirical investigation results on the
neuroendocrine system by bipartite graphs. This neuroendocrine network model
can describe the structural characteristic of neuroendocrine system. The act
degree distribution and cumulate act degree distribution show so-called shifted
power law-SPL function forms. In neuroendocrine network, the act degree stands
for the number of the cells that secretes a single mediator, in which
bFGF(basic fibroblast growth factor) is the largest node act degree. It is an
important mitogenic cytokine, followed by TGF-beta, IL-6, IL1-beta, VEGF,
IGF-1and so on. They are critical in neuroendocrine system to maintain bodily
healthiness, emotional stabilization and endocrine harmony. The average act
degree of neuroendocrine network is h = 3.01, It means each mediator is
secreted by three cells on an average . The similarity that stand for the
average probability of secreting the same mediators by all the neuroendocrine
cells is s = 0.14. Our results may be used in the research of the medical
treatment of neuroendocrine diseases.


title: The Quantum Measurement Problem: State of Play

abstract:
  This is a preliminary version of an article to appear in the forthcoming
Ashgate Companion to the New Philosophy of Physics. I don't advocate any
particular approach to the measurement problem (not here, at any rate!) but I
do focus on the importance of decoherence theory to modern attempts to solve
the measurement problem, and I am fairly sharply critical of some aspects of
the "traditional" formulation.


title: Klein's Paradox

abstract:
  We solve the one dimensional Feshbach-Villars equation for spin-1/2 particle
subjected to a scalar smooth potential. The eight component wave function is
given in terms of the hypergeometric functions and via a limiting procedure,
the wave functions of the step potential are deduced. These wave functions are
used to test the validity of the boundary conditions deduced from the
Feshbach-Villars transformation. The creation of pairs is predicted from the
boundary condition of the charge density.


title: Top-Quark FCNC Decay t->cgg in Topcolor-assisted Technicolor Model

abstract:
  The topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) model predicts several pseudo-scalars
called top-pions and at loop level they can induce the FCNC top quark decay
t->cgg which is extremely suppressed in the Standard Model (SM). We find that
in the allowed parameter space the TC2 model can greatly enhance such a FCNC
decay and push the branching ratio up to 10^{-3}, which is much larger than the
predictions in the SM (10^{-9}) and in the minimal supersymmetric model
(10^{-4}). We also compare the result with the two-body FCNC decay t-> cg and
find that the branching ratio of t-> cgg is slightly larger than t-> cg. Such
enhanced FCNC top quark decays may serve as a good probe of TC2 model at the
future top quark factory.


title:
Necessary Optimality Conditions for Fractional Action-Like Problems with
  Intrinsic and Observer Times

abstract:
  We prove higher-order Euler-Lagrange and DuBois-Reymond stationary conditions
to fractional action-like variational problems. More general fractional
action-like optimal control problems are also considered.


title:
Generating functional analysis of minority games with inner product
  strategy definitions

abstract:
  We use generating functional methods to solve the so-called inner product
versions of the minority game (MG), with fake and/or real market histories, by
generalizing the theory developed recently for look-up table MGs with real
histories. The phase diagrams of the lookup table and inner product MG versions
are generally found to be identical, with the exception of inner product MGs
where histories are sampled linearly, which are found to be structurally
critical. However, we encounter interesting differences both in the theory
(where the role of the history frequency distribution in lookup table MGs is
taken over by the eigenvalue spectrum of a history covariance matrix in inner
product MGs) and in the static and dynamic phenomenology of the models. Our
theoretical predictions are supported by numerical simulations.


title:
Bounding the top and bottom electric dipole moments from neutron
  experimental data

abstract:
  Heavy quarks, namely, the top and bottom quarks, may show great sensitiveness
to new physics effects. In particular, they might have unusually large electric
dipole moments. This possibility is analyzed via the corresponding one-loop
correction to the neutron electric dipole moment, $d_n$. The current
experimental limit on $d_n$ is used then to derive the uppers bounds
$|d_t|<3.06\times 10^{-15}$ e-cm, $|d_b|<1.22\times 10^{-13}$ e-cm.


title: Quantum Gravity Partition Functions in Three Dimensions

abstract:
  We consider pure three-dimensional quantum gravity with a negative
cosmological constant. The sum of known contributions to the partition function
from classical geometries can be computed exactly, including quantum
corrections. However, the result is not physically sensible, and if the model
does exist, there are some additional contributions. One possibility is that
the theory may have long strings and a continuous spectrum. Another possibility
is that complex geometries need to be included, possibly leading to a
holomorphically factorized partition function. We analyze the subleading
corrections to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and show that these can be
correctly reproduced in such a holomorphically factorized theory. We also
consider the Hawking-Page phase transition between a thermal gas and a black
hole and show that it is a phase transition of Lee-Yang type, associated with a
condensation of zeros in the complex temperature plane. Finally, we analyze
pure three-dimensional supergravity, with similar results.


title: Generating functions of Cauchy-Stieltjes type for orthogonal polynomials

abstract:
  We characterize by the use of free probability the family of measures for
which the mulitiplicative renormalization method applies with $h(x) =
(1-x)^_{-1}$. This provides a representation formula for their Voiculescu
Transforms.


title: Conformal Field Theory In Four And Six Dimensions

abstract:
  The goal of these notes is to give a brief explanation of how
electric-magnetic duality in four dimensions is related to the existence of an
unusual conformal field theory in six dimensions.


title:
Role of the conduction electrons in mediating exchange interactions in
  Heusler alloys

abstract:
  Because of large spatial separation of the Mn atoms in Heusler alloys the Mn
3d states belonging to different atoms do not overlap considerably. Therefore
an indirect exchange interaction between Mn atoms should play a crucial role in
the ferromagnetism of the systems. To study the nature of the ferromagnetism of
various Mn-based semi- and full-Heusler alloys we perform a systematic
first-principles calculation of the exchange interactions in these materials.
The calculation of the exchange parameters is based on the frozen-magnon
approach. The calculations show that the magnetism of the Mn-based Heusler
alloys depends strongly on the number of conduction electrons, their spin
polarization and the position of the unoccupied Mn 3d states with respect to
the Fermi level. Various magnetic phases are obtained depending on the
combination of these characteristics. The Anderson's s-d model is used to
perform a qualitative analysis of the obtained results. The conditions leading
to diverse magnetic behavior are identified. If the spin polarization of the
conduction electrons at the Fermi energy is large and the unoccupied Mn 3d
states lie well above the Fermi level, an RKKY-type ferromagnetic interaction
is dominating. On the other hand, the contribution of the antiferromagnetic
superexchange becomes important if unoccupied Mn 3d states lie close to the
Fermi energy. The resulting magnetic behavior depends on the competition of
these two exchange mechanisms. The calculational results are in good
correlation with the conclusions made on the basis of the Anderson s-d model
which provides useful framework for the analysis of the results of
first-principles calculations and helps to formulate the conditions for high
Curie temperature.


title:
Boundary Ring: a way to construct approximate NG solutions with polygon
  boundary conditions: I. Z_n-symmetric configurations

abstract:
  We describe an algebro-geometric construction of polygon-bounded minimal
surfaces in ADS_5, based on consideration of what we call the "boundary ring"
of polynomials. The first non-trivial example of the Nambu-Goto (NG) solutions
for Z_6-symmetric hexagon is considered in some detail. Solutions are
represented as power series, of which only the first terms are evaluated. The
NG equations leave a number of free parameters (a free function). Boundary
conditions, which fix the free parameters, are imposed on truncated series. It
is still unclear if explicit analytic formulas can be found in this way, but
even approximate solutions, obtained by truncation of power series, can be
sufficient to investigate the Alday-Maldacena -- BDS/BHT version of the
string/gauge duality.


title: The structure of 2D semi-simple field theories

abstract:
  I classify all cohomological 2D field theories based on a semi-simple complex
Frobenius algebra A. They are controlled by a linear combination of
kappa-classes and by an extension datum to the Deligne-Mumford boundary. Their
effect on the Gromov-Witten potential is described by Givental's Fock space
formulae. This leads to the reconstruction of Gromov-Witten invariants from the
quantum cup-product at a single semi-simple point and from the first Chern
class, confirming Givental's higher-genus reconstruction conjecture. The proof
uses the Mumford conjecture proved by Madsen and Weiss.


title: Trial wave functions for High-Pressure Metallic Hydrogen

abstract:
  Many body trial wave functions are the key ingredient for accurate Quantum
Monte Carlo estimates of total electronic energies in many electron systems. In
the Coupled Electron-Ion Monte Carlo method, the accuracy of the trial function
must be conjugated with the efficiency of its evaluation. We report recent
progress in trial wave functions for metallic hydrogen implemented in the
Coupled Electron-Ion Monte Carlo method. We describe and characterize several
types of trial functions of increasing complexity in the range of the coupling
parameter $1.0 \leq r_s \leq1.55$. We report wave function comparisons for
disordered protonic configurations and preliminary results for thermal
averages.


title:
A multifrequency study of giant radio sources-II. Spectral ageing
  analysis of the lobes of selected sources

abstract:
  Multifrequency observations with the GMRT and the VLA are used to determine
the spectral breaks in consecutive strips along the lobes of a sample of
selected giant radio sources (GRSs) in order to estimate their spectral ages.
The maximum spectral ages estimated for the detected radio emission in the
lobes of our sources range from $\sim$6 to 36 Myr with a median value of
$\sim$20 Myr using the classical equipartition fields. Using the magnetic field
estimates from the Beck & Krause formalism the spectral ages range from $\sim$5
to 38 Myr with a median value of $\sim$22 Myr. These ages are significantly
older than smaller sources. In all but one source (J1313+6937) the spectral age
gradually increases with distance from the hotspot regions, confirming that
acceleration of the particles mainly occurs in the hotspots. Most of the GRSs
do not exhibit zero spectral ages in the hotspots, as is the case in earlier
studies of smaller sources. This is likely to be largely due to contamination
by more extended emission due to relatively modest resolutions. The injection
spectral indices range from $\sim$0.55 to 0.88 with a median value of
$\sim$0.6. We discuss these values in the light of theoretical expectations,
and show that the injection spectral index appears to be correlated with
luminosity and/or redshift as well as with linear size.


title: Branching of Hitchin's Prym cover for SL(2)

abstract:
  It is shown that the map from the Jacobian of the spectral curve to the
moduli of stable bundles of rank 2 is generically simply branched along an
irreducible divisor. This observation falsifies the key step in the
"abelianization of the SU(2) WZW connection" presented in a recent paper
[Yoshida, Annals 2006]


title: On Decidability Properties of Local Sentences

abstract:
  Local (first order) sentences, introduced by Ressayre, enjoy very nice
decidability properties, following from some stretching theorems stating some
remarkable links between the finite and the infinite model theory of these
sentences. We prove here several additional results on local sentences. The
first one is a new decidability result in the case of local sentences whose
function symbols are at most unary: one can decide, for every regular cardinal
k whether a local sentence phi has a model of order type k. Secondly we show
that this result can not be extended to the general case. Assuming the
consistency of an inaccessible cardinal we prove that the set of local
sentences having a model of order type omega_2 is not determined by the
axiomatic system ZFC + GCH, where GCH is the generalized continuum hypothesis


title: On the Accepting Power of 2-Tape B\"uchi Automata

abstract:
  We show that, from a topological point of view, 2-tape B\"uchi automata have
the same accepting power than Turing machines equipped with a B\"uchi
acceptance condition. In particular, we show that for every non null recursive
ordinal alpha, there exist some Sigma^0_alpha-complete and some
Pi^0_alpha-complete infinitary rational relations accepted by 2-tape B\"uchi
automata. This very surprising result gives answers to questions of W. Thomas
[Automata and Quantifier Hierarchies, in: Formal Properties of Finite automata
and Applications, Ramatuelle, 1988, LNCS 386, Springer, 1989, p.104-119], of P.
Simonnet [Automates et Th\'eorie Descriptive, Ph. D. Thesis, Universit\'e Paris
7, March 1992], and of H. Lescow and W. Thomas [Logical Specifications of
Infinite Computations, In: "A Decade of Concurrency", LNCS 803, Springer, 1994,
p. 583-621].


title:
Discovery of pulsational line profile variations in the delta Scuti star
  HD21190 and in the Ap Sr star HD218994

abstract:
  Asteroseismology has the potential to provide new insights into the physics
of stellar interiors. We have obtained UVES high time resolution observations
of the delta Scuti star HD21190 and of the Ap Sr star HD218994 to search for
pulsational line profile variations. We report the discovery of a new roAp
star, HD218994, with a pulsation period of 14.2 min. This is one of the most
evolved roAp stars. No rapid pulsations have been found in the spectra of the
cool Ap star - delta Scuti star HD21190. However, we detect with unprecedented
clarity for a delta Sct star moving peaks in the cores of spectral lines that
indicate the presence of high degree non-radial pulsations in this star.


title: The zero-product problem for Toeplitz operators with radial symbols

abstract:
  For any bounded measurable function $f$ on the unit ball $B_n$, let $T_f$ be
the Toeplitz operator with symbol $f$ acting on the Bergman space $A^2(B_n)$.
The Zero-Product Problem asks: if $f_1,..., f_N$ are bounded measurable
functions such that $T_{f_1}... T_{f_N}=0$, does it follow that one of the
functions must be zero almost everywhere? This paper give the affirmative
answer to this question when all except possibly one of the symbols are radial
functions. The answer in the general case remains unknown.


title:
A novel numerical technique used in the solution of ordinary
  differential equations with a mixture of integer and fractional derivatives

abstract:
  Using both fractional derivatives, defined in the Riemann-Liouville and
Caputo senses, and classical derivatives of the integer order we examine
different numerical approaches to ordinary differential equations. Generally we
formulate some algorithms where four discrete forms of the Caputo derivative
and three different numerical techniques of solving ordinary differential
equations are proposed. We then illustrate how to introduce classical initial
conditions into equations where the Riemann-Liouville derivative is included.


title:
A Study of the Evaporative Deposition Process: Pipes and Truncated
  Transport Dynamics

abstract:
  We consider contact line deposition and pattern formation of a pinned
evaporating thin drop. We identify and focus on the transport dynamics
truncated by the maximal concentration, proposed by Dupont, as the single
deposition mechanism. The truncated process, formalized as "pipe models",
admits a characteristic moving shock front solution that has a robust
functional form and depends only on local conditions. By applying the models,
we solve the deposition process and describe the deposit density profile in
different asymptotic regimes. In particular, near the contact line the density
profile follows a scaling law that is proportional to the square root of the
concentration ratio, and the maximal deposit density/thickness occurs at about
2/3 of the total drying time for uniform evaporation and 1/2 for
diffusion-controlled evaporation. Away from the contact line, we for the first
time identify the power-law decay of the deposit profile with respect to the
radial distance. In comparison, our work is consistent with and extends
previous results. We also predict features of the depinning process and
multiple-ring patterns within Dupont model, and our predictions are consistent
with empirical evidence.


title: Non-equilibrium dynamics of gene expression and the Jarzynski equality

abstract:
  In order to express specific genes at the right time, the transcription of
genes is regulated by the presence and absence of transcription factor
molecules. With transcription factor concentrations undergoing constant
changes, gene transcription takes place out of equilibrium. In this paper we
discuss a simple mapping between dynamic models of gene expression and
stochastic systems driven out of equilibrium. Using this mapping, results of
nonequilibrium statistical mechanics such as the Jarzynski equality and the
fluctuation theorem are demonstrated for gene expression dynamics. Applications
of this approach include the determination of regulatory interactions between
genes from experimental gene expression data.


title: A Spectral Approach to Analyzing Belief Propagation for 3-Coloring

abstract:
  Contributing to the rigorous understanding of BP, in this paper we relate the
convergence of BP to spectral properties of the graph. This encompasses a
result for random graphs with a ``planted'' solution; thus, we obtain the first
rigorous result on BP for graph coloring in the case of a complex graphical
structure (as opposed to trees). In particular, the analysis shows how Belief
Propagation breaks the symmetry between the $3!$ possible permutations of the
color classes.


title: Spin resonance in the d-wave superconductor CeCoIn5

abstract:
  Neutron scattering is used to probe antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations in
the d-wave heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn$_{5}$ (T$_{c}$=2.3 K).
Superconductivity develops from a state with slow ($\hbar\Gamma$=0.3 $\pm$ 0.15
meV) commensurate (${\bf{Q_0}}$=(1/2,1/2,1/2)) antiferromagnetic spin
fluctuations and nearly isotropic spin correlations. The characteristic
wavevector in CeCoIn$_{5}$ is the same as CeIn$_{3}$ but differs from the
incommensurate wavevector measured in antiferromagnetically ordered
CeRhIn$_{5}$. A sharp spin resonance ($\hbar\Gamma<0.07$ meV) at $\hbar \omega$
= 0.60 $\pm$ 0.03 meV develops in the superconducting state removing spectral
weight from low-energy transfers. The presence of a resonance peak is
indicative of strong coupling between f-electron magnetism and
superconductivity and consistent with a d-wave gap order parameter satisfying
$\Delta({\bf q+Q_0})=-\Delta({\bf q})$.


title: Magnetic fields in X-ray emitting A-type stars

abstract:
  A common explanation for the observed X-ray emission of A-type stars is the
presence of a hidden late-type companion. While this hypothesis can be shown to
be correct in some cases, there is also evidence suggesting that low-mass
companions cannot be the proper cause for the observed X-ray activity in all
cases. Babel & Montmerle (1997) presented a theoretical framework to explain
the X-ray emission for magnetic Ap/Bp stars, focusing on the A0p star IQ Aur.
We test if this theoretical model is capable to explain the observed X-ray
emissions. We present observations of 13 A-type stars that have been associated
with X-ray emission detected by ROSAT. To determine the mean longitudinal
magnetic field strength we measured the circular polarization in the wings of
the Balmer lines using FORS 1. Although the emission of those objects with
magnetic fields fits the prediction of the Babel & Montmerle model, not all
X-ray detections are related to the presence of a magnetic field. Additionally,
the strengths of magnetic fields do not correlate with the X-ray luminosity and
thus the magnetically confined wind shock model cannot explain the X-ray
emission from all investigated stars.


title:
Neutron and X-ray diffraction study of cubic [111] field cooled
  Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3

abstract:
  Neutron and x-ray diffraction techniques have been used to study the
competing long and short-range polar order in the relaxor ferroelectric
Pb(Mg$_{1/3}$Nb$_{2/3}$)O$_{3}$ (PMN) under a [111] applied electric field.
Despite reports of a structural transition from a cubic phase to a rhombohedral
phase for fields E $>$ 1.7 kV/cm, we find that the bulk unit cell remains cubic
(within a sensitivity of 90$^{\circ}$-$\alpha$ =0.03$^{\circ}$)for fields up to
8 kV/cm. Furthermore, we observe a structural transition confined to the near
surface volume or `skin' of the crystal where the cubic cell is transformed to
a rhombohedral unit cell at T$_{c}$=210 K for E $>$ 4 kV/cm, for which
90$^{\circ}$-$\alpha$=0.08 $\pm$ 0.03$^{\circ}$ below 50 K. While the bulk unit
cell remains cubic, a suppression of the diffuse scattering and concomitant
enhancement of the Bragg peak intensity is observed below T$_{c}$=210 K,
indicating a more ordered structure with increasing electric field yet an
absence of a long-range ferroelectric ground state in the bulk. The electric
field strength has little effect on the diffuse scattering above T$_{c}$,
however below T$_{c}$ the diffuse scattering is reduced in intensity and adopts
an asymmetric lineshape in reciprocal space. The absence of hysteresis in our
neutron measurements (on the bulk) and the presence of two distinct temperature
scales suggests that the ground state of PMN is not a frozen glassy phase as
suggested by some theories but is better understood in terms of random fields
introduced through the presence of structural disorder. Based on these results,
we also suggest that PMN represents an extreme example of the two-length scale
problem, and that the presence of a distinct skin maybe necessary for a relaxor
ground state.


title:
The Quasi-Reversibility Method for the Thermoacoustic Tomography and a
  Coefficient Inverse Problem

abstract:
  An inverse problem of the determination of an initial condition in a
hyperbolic equation from the lateral Cauchy data is considered. This problem
has applications to the thermoacoustic tomography, as well as to linearized
coefficient inverse problems of acoustics and electromagnetics. A new version
of the quasi-reversibility method is described. This version requires a new
Lipschitz stability estimate, which is obtained via the Carleman estimate.
Numerical results are presented.


title:
A search for pulsational line profile variations in the delta Scuti star
  HD21190 and the Ap Sr star HD218994

abstract:
  We present the results of our recent search for pulsational line profile
variations in high time resolution UVES spectra of the most evolved Ap star
known, the delta Scuti star HD21190, and of the Ap Sr star HD218994. We found
that HD218994 is an roAp star with a pulsation period of 5.1 min, which makes
it the 36th star known to be a roAp star. No rapid pulsations have been found
in the spectra of the delta Scuti star HD21190. However, we detect moving peaks
in the cores of spectral lines, which indicate the presence of non-radial
pulsations in this star.


title:
Systematic errors of bound-state parameters extracted by means of SVZ
  sum rules

abstract:
  This talk presents the results of our study of systematic errors of the
ground-state parameters obtained by Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov (SVZ) sum
rules. We use the harmonic-oscillator potential model as an example: in this
case we know the exact solution for the polarization operator, which allows us
to obtain both the OPE to any order and the parameters (masses and decay
constants) of the bound states. We extract the parameters of the ground state
by making use of the standard procedures of the method of QCD sum rules, and
compare the obtained results with their known exact values. We show that if the
continuum contribution to the polarization operator is not known and is
modelled by some effective continuum threshold, the standard procedures adopted
in sum rules do not allow one to gain control over the systematic errors of the
extracted ground-state parameters.


title:
Systematic errors of transition form factors extracted by means of
  light-cone sum rules

abstract:
  This talk presents results of our study of heavy-to-light transition form
factors extracted with the help of light-cone sum rules. We employ a model with
scalar particles interacting via massless-boson exchange and study the
heavy-to-light correlator, relevant for the extraction of the transition form
factor. We calculate this correlator in two different ways: by making use of
the Bethe-Salpeter wave function of the light bound state and by making use of
the light-cone expansion. This allows us to calculate the full correlator and
separately the light-cone contribution to it. In this way we show that the
off-light cone contributions are not suppressed compared to the light-cone one
by any large parameter. Numerically, the difference between the value of the
form factor extracted from the full correlator and from the light-cone
contribution to this correlator is found to be about 20-30% in a wide range of
masses of the particles involved in the decay process.


title:
Rates of convergence for minimal distances in the central limit theorem
  under projective criteria

abstract:
  In this paper, we give estimates of ideal or minimal distances between the
distribution of the normalized partial sum and the limiting Gaussian
distribution for stationary martingale difference sequences or stationary
sequences satisfying projective criteria. Applications to functions of linear
processes and to functions of expanding maps of the interval are given.


title:
Spots on the surface of HgMn stars: Clues to the origin of Hg and Mn
  peculiarities

abstract:
  The important result achieved in our recent study of a large sample of HgMn
stars using UVES at the VLT and FEROS at the ESO 2.2m telescope is the finding
that most HgMn stars exhibit spectral variability of various chemical elements,
proving that the presence of an inhomogeneous distribution on the surface of
these stars is a rather common characteristics and not a rare phenomenon.


title: Circumstellar magnetic fields in Herbig Ae stars

abstract:
  We present the results of our latest studies of the circumstellar magnetic
fields in Herbig Ae stars and briefly discuss the cause of the failure of
another recent study by our colleagues to confirm the Zeeman features in our
spectra.


title: Magnetic Flux Diffusion and Expulsion with Thin Conducting Sheets

abstract:
  We present visualizations of the diffusion and expulsion of magnetic flux for
thin conducting sheets, both stationary and moving, including representations
of the eddy currents and of the associated magnetic fields. Such visualizations
can play an important role in making the abstract mathematics of eddy current
phenomena more understandable from a physical and conceptual point of view.


title: Semiclassical theories of the anomalous Hall effect

abstract:
  Recently, the semiclassical theory of the anomalous Hall effect induced by
the Berry curvature in Bloch bands has been introduced. The theory operates
only with gauge invariant concepts, that have a simple semiclassical
interpretation and provides a clear distinction among various contributions to
the Hall current. While the construction of such an approach to the anomalous
Hall effect problem has been long sought, only the new semiclassical theory
demonstrated the agreement with quantitative results of rigorous approaches
based on the Green function techniques. The purpose of this work is to review
the semiclassical approach including the early ideas and the recent
achievements.


title: Femtosecond Photodissociation of Molecules Facilitated by Noise

abstract:
  We investigate the dynamics of diatomic molecules subjected to both a
femtosecond mid-infrared laser pulse and Gaussian white noise. The stochastic
Schr\"odinger equation with a Morse potential is used to describe the molecular
vibrations under noise and the laser pulse. For weak laser intensity, well
below the dissociation threshold, it is shown that one can find an optimum
amount of noise that leads to a dramatic enhancement of the dissociation
probability. The enhancement landscape which is shown as a function of both the
noise and the laser strength, exhibits a global maximum. A frequency-resolved
gain profile is recorded with a pump-probe set-up which is experimentally
realizable. With this profile we identify the linear and nonlinear multiphoton
processes created by the interplay between laser and noise and assess their
relative contribution to the dissociation enhancement.


title:
Deformation of electron holes in phase space as prerequisite for narrow
  band maser emission: A qualitative discussion

abstract:
  A qualitative discussion is given of the role electron holes play in
generating fine structure on the electron cyclotron maser radiation. It is
argued that electron holes become deformed in phase space when interacting with
an incomplete ring or horseshoe distribution which occurs in the presence of
strong field aligned electric fields in the upward current region and in the
presence of a loss cone. This interaction is based on momentum balance
considerations. Deformed narrow electron holes cause steep velocity space
gradients on the ring distribution that lead to intense but narrow band
emission from their high speed sides and absorption at slightly higher
frequency from their low speed sides. The twins of banded emission and
absorption move in frequency space due to the average real space displacement
of the deformed electron hole.


title:
Two-photon decay of light scalars: a comparison of tetraquark and
  quarkonium assignments

abstract:
  Two-photon decays of light scalar mesons are discussed within the quarkonium
and tetraquark asignements: in both cases the decay rate of the sigma
resonances turns out to be smaller than 1 keV.


title: The Broadband Spectrum of Galaxy Clusters

abstract:
  We examine whether nonthermal protons energized during a cluster merger are
simultaneously responsible for the Coma cluster's diffuse radio flux (via
secondary decay) and the departure of its intra-cluster medium (ICM) from a
thermal profile via Coulomb collisions between the quasithermal electrons and
the hadrons. Rather than approximating the influence of nonthermal
proton/thermal electron collisions as extremely rare events which cause an
injection of nonthermal, power-law electrons (the `knock-on' approximation), we
self-consistently solve (to our knowledge, for the first time) the covariant
kinetic equations for the two populations. The electron population resulting
from these collisions is out of equilibrium, yet not a power law, and
importantly displays a higher bremsstrahlung radiative efficiency than a pure
power law. Observations with GLAST will test this model directly.


title: Defects and Bulk Perturbations of Boundary Landau-Ginzburg Orbifolds

abstract:
  We propose defect lines as a useful tool to study bulk perturbations of
conformal field theories, in particular to analyse the induced renormalisation
group flows of boundary conditions. As a concrete example we investigate bulk
perturbations of N=2 supersymmetric minimal models. To these perturbations we
associate a special class of defects between the respective UV and IR theories,
whose fusion with boundary conditions indeed reproduces the behaviour of the
latter under the corresponding RG flows. v2: Some explanations added in section
4, minor changes.


title: Summarization and Classification of Non-Poisson Point Processes

abstract:
  Fitting models for non-Poisson point processes is complicated by the lack of
tractable models for much of the data. By using large samples of independent
and identically distributed realizations and statistical learning, it is
possible to identify absence of fit through finding a classification rule that
can efficiently identify single realizations of each type. The method requires
a much wider range of descriptive statistics than are currently in use, and a
new concept of model fitting which is derive from how physical laws are judged
to fit data.


title:
A Family of Non-Abelian Kitaev Models on a Lattice: Topological
  Confinement and Condensation

abstract:
  We study a family of non-Abelian topological models in a lattice that arise
by modifying the Kitaev model through the introduction of single-qudit terms.
The effect of these terms amounts to a reduction of the discrete gauge symmetry
with respect to the original systems, which corresponds to a generalized
mechanism of explicit symmetry breaking. The topological order is either
partially lost or completely destroyed throughout the various models. The new
systems display condensation and confinement of the topological charges present
in the standard non-Abelian Kitaev models, which we study in terms of ribbon
operator algebras.


title: Magnetic fields in massive stars

abstract:
  We review the recent discoveries of magnetic fields in different types of
massive stars and briefly discuss strategies for spectropolarimetric
observations to be carried out in the future.


title: The Non-Backtracking Spectrum of the Universal Cover of a Graph

abstract:
  A non-backtracking walk on a graph, $H$, is a directed path of directed edges
of $H$ such that no edge is the inverse of its preceding edge. Non-backtracking
walks of a given length can be counted using the non-backtracking adjacency
matrix, $B$, indexed by $H$'s directed edges and related to Ihara's Zeta
function. We show how to determine $B$'s spectrum in the case where $H$ is a
tree covering a finite graph. We show that when $H$ is not regular, this
spectrum can have positive measure in the complex plane, unlike the regular
case. We show that outside of $B$'s spectrum, the corresponding Green function
has ``periodic decay ratios.'' The existence of such a ``ratio system'' can be
effectively checked, and is equivalent to being outside the spectrum. We also
prove that the spectral radius of the non-backtracking walk operator on the
tree covering a finite graph is exactly $\sqrt\gr$, where $\gr$ is the growth
rate of the tree. This further motivates the definition of the graph
theoretical Riemann hypothesis proposed by Stark and Terras \cite{ST}. Finally,
we give experimental evidence that for a fixed, finite graph, $H$, a random
lift of large degree has non-backtracking new spectrum near that of $H$'s
universal cover. This suggests a new generalization of Alon's second eigenvalue
conjecture.


title:
First detection of polarized scattered light from an exoplanetary
  atmosphere

abstract:
  We report the first direct detection of an exoplanet in the visible polarized
light. The transiting planet HD189733b is one of the very hot Jupiters with
shortest periods and, thus, smallest orbits, which makes them ideal candidates
for polarimetric detections. We obtained polarimetric measurements of HD189733
in the $B$ band well distributed over the orbital period and detected two
polarization maxima near planetary elongations with a peak amplitude of
$\sim2\cdot10^{-4}$. Assuming Rayleigh scattering, we estimated the effective
size of the scattering atmosphere (Lambert sphere) to be 1.5$\pm$0.2 $R_{\rm
J}$, which is 30% larger than the radius of the opaque body previously inferred
from transits. If the scattering matter fills the planetary Roche lobe, the
lower limit of the geometrical albedo can be estimated as 0.14. The phase
dependence of polarization indicates that the planetary orbit is oriented
almost in a north-south direction with a longitude of ascending node
$\Omega$=(16\degr or 196\degr)$\pm$8\degr. We obtain independent estimates of
the orbit inclination $i$=98\degr$\pm$8\degr and eccentricity $e$=0.0 (with an
uncertainty of 0.05) which are in excellent agreement with values determined
previously from transits and radial velocities. Our findings clearly
demonstrate the power of polarimetry and open a new dimension in exploring
exoplanetary atmospheres even for systems without transits.


title: Computing High Accuracy Power Spectra with Pico

abstract:
  This paper presents the second release of Pico (Parameters for the Impatient
COsmologist). Pico is a general purpose machine learning code which we have
applied to computing the CMB power spectra and the WMAP likelihood. For this
release, we have made improvements to the algorithm as well as the data sets
used to train Pico, leading to a significant improvement in accuracy. For the 9
parameter nonflat case presented here Pico can on average compute the TT, TE
and EE spectra to better than 1% of cosmic standard deviation for nearly all
$\ell$ values over a large region of parameter space. Performing a cosmological
parameter analysis of current CMB and large scale structure data, we show that
these power spectra give very accurate 1 and 2 dimensional parameter
posteriors. We have extended Pico to allow computation of the tensor power
spectrum and the matter transfer function. Pico runs about 1500 times faster
than CAMB at the default accuracy and about 250,000 times faster at high
accuracy. Training Pico can be done using massively parallel computing
resources, including distributed computing projects such as Cosmology@Home. On
the homepage for Pico, located at http://cosmos.astro.uiuc.edu/pico, we provide
new sets of regression coefficients and make the training code available for
public use.


title: Quantum scattering at low energies

abstract:
  For a class of negative slowly decaying potentials, including
$V(x):=-\gamma|x|^{-\mu}$ with $0<\mu<2$, we study the quantum mechanical
scattering theory in the low-energy regime. Using modifiers of the
Isozaki-Kitada type we show that scattering theory is well behaved on the whole
continuous spectrum of the Hamiltonian, including the energy 0. We show that
the S-matrices are well-defined and strongly continuous down to the zero energy
threshold. Similarly, we prove that the wave matrices and generalized
eigenfunctions are norm continuous down to the zero energy if we use
appropriate weighted spaces. These results are used to derive (oscillatory)
asymptotics of the standard short-range and Dollard type S-matrices for the
subclasses of potentials where both kinds of S-matrices are defined. For
potentials whose leading part is $-\gamma|x|^{-\mu}$ we show that the location
of singularities of the kernel of $S(\lambda)$ experiences an abrupt change
from passing from positive energies $\lambda$ to the limiting energy
$\lambda=0$. This change corresponds to the behaviour of the classical orbits.
Under stronger conditions we extract the leading term of the asymptotics of the
kernel of $S(\lambda)$ at its singularities; this leading term defines a
Fourier integral operator in the sense of H\"ormander.


title: Robust Bayesian detection of unmodelled bursts

abstract:
  A Bayesian treatment of the problem of detecting an unmodelled gravitational
wave burst with a global network of gravitational wave observatories reveals
that several previously proposed statistics have implicit biases that render
them sub-optimal for realistic signal populations.


title: Pulsar Kicks With Sterile Neutrinos and Landau Levels

abstract:
  We use a model with two sterile neutrinos obtained by fits to the MiniBoone
and LSND experiments. Using formulations with neutrinos created by URCA
Processes in a strong magnetic field, so the lowest Landau level has a sizable
probability, we find that with known paramenters the assymetric sterile
neutrino emissivity might account for large pulsar kicks.


title: Screening-Limited Response of NanoBiosensors

abstract:
  Despite tremendous potential of highly sensitive electronic detection of
bio-molecules by nanoscale biosensors for genomics and proteomic applications,
many aspects of experimentally observed sensor response (S) are unexplained
within consistent theoretical frameworks of kinetic response or electrical
screening. In this paper, we combine analytic solutions of Poisson-Boltzmann
and reaction-diffusion equations to show that the electrical response of
nanobiosensor varies logarithmically with the concentration of target
molecules, time, the salt concentration, and inversely with the fractal
dimension of sensor surface. Our analysis provides a coherent theoretical
interpretation of wide variety of puzzling experimental data that have so far
defied intuitive explanation.


title:
Magnetism in pre-MS intermediate-mass stars and the fossil field
  hypothesis

abstract:
  Today, one of the greatest challenges concerning the Ap/Bp stars is to
understand the origin of their slow rotation and their magnetic fields. The
favoured hypothesis for the latter is the fossil field, which implies that the
magnetic fields subsist throughout the different evolutionary phases, and in
particular during the pre-main sequence phase. The existence of magnetic fields
at the pre-main sequence phase is also required to explain the slow rotation of
Ap/Bp stars. However, until recently, essentially no information was available
about the magnetic properties of intermediate-mass pre-main sequence stars, the
so-called Herbig Ae/Be stars. The new high-resolution spectropolarimeter
ESPaDOnS, installed in 2005 at the Canada-France-Hawaii telescope, provided the
capability necessary to perform surveys of the Herbig Ae/Be stars in order to
investigate their magnetism and rotation. These investigations have resulted in
the detection and/or confirmation of magnetic fields in 8 Herbig Ae/Be stars,
ranging in mass from 2 to nearly 15 solar masses. In this contribution I will
present the results of our survey, as well as their implications for the origin
and evolution of the magnetic fields and rotation.


title: 2MASS Galaxies in the Fornax Cluster Spectroscopic Survey

abstract:
  The Fornax Cluster Spectroscopic Survey (FCSS) is an all-object survey of a
region around the Fornax Cluster of galaxies undertaken using the 2dF
multi-object spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. Its aim was to
obtain spectra for a complete sample of all objects with 16.5 < b_j < 19.7
irrespective of their morphology (i.e. including `stars', `galaxies' and
`merged' images). We explore the extent to which (nearby) cluster galaxies are
present in 2MASS. We consider the reasons for the omission of 2MASS galaxies
from the FCSS and vice versa. We consider the intersection (2.9 square degrees
on the sky) of our data set with the infra-red 2 Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS),
using both the 2MASS Extended Source Catalogue (XSC) and the Point Source
Catalogue (PSC). We match all the XSC objects to FCSS counterparts by position
and also extract a sample of galaxies, selected by their FCSS redshifts, from
the PSC. We confirm that all 114 XSC objects in the overlap sample are
galaxies, on the basis of their FCSS velocities. A total of 23 Fornax Cluster
galaxies appear in the matched data, while, as expected, the remainder of the
sample lie at redshifts out to z = 0.2 (the spectra show that 61% are early
type galaxies, 18% are intermediate types and 21% are strongly star
forming).The PSC sample turns out to contain twice as many galaxies as does the
XSC. However, only one of these 225 galaxies is a (dwarf) cluster member. On
the other hand, galaxies which are unresolved in the 2MASS data (though almost
all are resolved in the optical) amount to 71% of the non-cluster galaxies with
2MASS detections and have redshifts out to z=0.32.


title: Some finiteness results for Fourier-Mukai partners

abstract:
  We develop some methods for studying the Fourier-Mukai partners of an
algebraic variety. As applications we prove that abelian varieties have
finitely many Fourier-Mukai partners and that they are uniquely determined by
their derived category of coherent $D$-modules. We also generalize a famous
theorem due to A. Bondal and D. Orlov.


title: Vector bundles with Theta divisors I: Bundles on Castelnuovo curves

abstract:
  In this paper we show that semistable vector bundles on a Castelnuovo curve
of genus g >= 2 have theta divisors. As a corollary, we deduce that semistable
vector bundles on a smooth, general curve of genus g >= 2 which extend to
semistable vector bundles on any Castelnuovo degeneration of the general curve
admit a theta divisor.


title: Some Nonlinear Equations with Double Solutions: Soliton and Chaos

abstract:
  The fundamental characteristics of soliton and chaos in nonlinear equation
are completely different. But all nonlinear equations with a soliton solution
may derive chaos. While only some equations with a chaos solution have a
soliton. The conditions of the two solutions are different. When some
parameters are certain constants, the soliton is derived; while these
parameters vary in a certain region, the bifurcation-chaos appears. It connects
a chaotic control probably. The double solutions correspond possibly to the
wave-particle duality in quantum theory, and connect the double solution theory
of the nonlinear wave mechanics. Some nonlinear equations possess soliton and
chaos, whose new meanings are discussed briefly in mathematics, physics and
particle theory.


title: FDTD Simulation of Thermal Noise in Open Cavities

abstract:
  A numerical model based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is
developed to simulate thermal noise in open cavities owing to output coupling.
The absorbing boundary of the FDTD grid is treated as a blackbody, whose
thermal radiation penetrates the cavity in the grid. The calculated amount of
thermal noise in a one-dimensional dielectric cavity recovers the standard
result of the quantum Langevin equation in the Markovian regime. Our FDTD
simulation also demonstrates that in the non-Markovian regime the buildup of
the intracavity noise field depends on the ratio of the cavity photon lifetime
to the coherence time of thermal radiation. The advantage of our numerical
method is that the thermal noise is introduced in the time domain without prior
knowledge of cavity modes.


title:
The virial equation of state for unitary fermion thermodynamics with
  non-Gaussian correlations

abstract:
  We study the roles of the dynamical high order perturbation and statistically
non-linear infrared fluctuation/correlation in the virial equation of state for
the Fermi gas in the unitary limit. Incorporating the quantum level crossing
rearrangement effects, the spontaneously generated entropy departing from the
mean-field theory formalism leads to concise thermodynamical expressions. The
dimensionless virial coefficients with complex non-local correlations are
calculated up to the fourth order for the first time. The virial coefficients
of unitary Fermi gas are found to be proportional to those of the ideal quantum
gas with integer ratios through a general term formula. Counterintuitively,
contrary to those of the ideal bosons ($a^{(0)}_2=-\frac{1}{4 \sqrt{2}}$) or
fermions($a^{(0)}_2=\frac{1}{4 \sqrt{2}}$), the second virial coefficient $a_2$
of Fermi gas at unitarity is found to be equal to zero. With the vanishing
leading order quantum correction, the BCS-BEC crossover thermodynamics
manifests the famous pure classical Boyle's law in the Boltzmann regime. The
non-Gaussian correlation phenomena can be validated by studying the
Joule-Thomson effect.

categories: cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.quant-gas hep-ph nucl-th quant-ph


title:
The limits of nested subclasses of several classes of infinitely
  divisible distributions are identical with the closure of the class of stable
  distributions

abstract:
  It is shown that the limits of the nested subclasses of five classes of
infinitely divisible distributions on $R^d$, which are the Jurek class, the
Goldie-Steutel-Bondesson class, the class of selfdecomposable distributions,
the Thorin class and the class of generalized type $G$ distributions, are
identical with the closure of the class of stable distributions. More general
results are also given.


title: Custodial bulk Randall-Sundrum model and B->K* l+ l'-

abstract:
  The custodial Randall-Sundrum model based on SU(2)_L X SU(2)_R X U(1)_(B-L)
generates new flavor-changing-neutral-current (FCNC) phenomena at tree level,
mediated by Kaluza-Klein neutral gauge bosons. Based on two natural assumptions
of universal 5D Yukawa couplings and no-cancellation in explaining the observed
standard model fermion mixing matrices, we determine the bulk Dirac mass
parameters. Phenomenological constraints from lepton-flavor-violations are also
used to specify the model. From the comprehensive study of B->K* l+ l'-, we
found that only the B->K*ee decay has sizable new physics effects. The zero
value position of the forward-backward asymmetry in this model is also
evaluated, with about 5% deviation from the SM result. Other effective
observables are also suggested such as the ratio of two differential (or
partially integrated) decay rates of B->K*ee and B->K*mu mu. For the first KK
gauge boson mass of M_A^(1)=2-4 TeV, we can have about 10-20% deviation from
the SM results.


title: Global monopole surrounded by quintessence-like matter

abstract:
  We present new static spherically-symmetric solutions of Einstein equations
with the quintessence-like matter surrounding a global monopole. These new
solutions of the coupling scalar-Einstein equations are more complicated, which
depend on the parameter of equation of state $-1 < w_{q} <-{1/3}$. A
gravitating global monopole produces a gravitational field of de Sitter kind
outside the core in addition to a solid angular deficit. In the $w_{q} =
-{1/3}$ case, we have proved that the solution cannot exist since the density
of quintessence-like tends to zero if $w_{q} \to -{1/3}$. As a new feature,
these monopoles have the outer horizon depending on both Goldstone field and
quintessence-like. Since current observations constrain $-1.14 < w_{q} <
-0.93$, new global monopoles have interesting astrophysical applications.


title: A closed-form solution in a dynamical system related to Bianchi IX

abstract:
  The Bianchi IX cosmological model in vacuum can be represented by several
six-dimensional dynamical systems. In one of them we present a new closed form
solution expressed by a third Painleve' function.


title:
Quantum transport theory of anomalous electric, thermoelectric, and
  thermal Hall effects in ferromagnets

abstract:
  The mechanism of the anomalous Hall transport phenomena, if it is of the
intrinsic or extrinsic origin, has been controversial. We present a unified
theory of them for ferromagnetic metals with dilute impurities at the zero
temperature, in terms of a quantum transport theory with the self-consistent
T-matrix approximation. With the Fermi energy E_F and the spin-orbit
interaction energy E_{SO} being fixed (E_F > E_{SO}), three regimes are found
as a function of the scattering rate \hbar/\tau. (i) In the superclean case
\hbar/\tau < u_{imp} E_{SO}D, the skew scattering from the vertex correction
dominates the anomalous Hall conductivity \sigma_{xy}, where u_{imp} is the
impurity potential strength and D is the density of states. With increasing
\hbar/\tau, this extrinsic skew-scattering contribution rapidly decays. (ii) In
the moderately dirty regime u_{imp}E_{SO}D < \hbar/\tau < E_{SO}, \sigma_{xy}
is dominated by the intrinsic dissipationless Berry-phase contribution, which
is resonantly enhanced to the order of e^2/\hbar when an accidental degeneracy
of band dispersions around the Fermi level is lifted by the spin-orbit
interaction. (iii) Further increasing \hbar/\tau, a
\sigma_{xy}\propto\sigma_{xx}^{1.6} scaling appears, which has been verified by
recent experiments. The themal and thermoelectric Hall conductivities are also
discussed.


title:
Student Behavior and Epistemological Framing: Examples from
  Collaborative Active-Learning Activities in Physics

abstract:
  Questions of participant understanding of the nature of an activity have been
addressed in anthropology and sociolinguistics with the concepts of frames and
framing. For example, a student may frame a learning activity as an opportunity
for sensemaking or as an assignment to fill out a worksheet. The student's
understanding of the nature of the activity affects what she notices, what
knowledge she accesses, and how she thinks to act. Previous analyses have found
evidence of framing primarily in linguistic markers associated with speech
acts. In this paper, we show that there is useful evidence of framing in easily
observed features of students' behavior. We apply this observational
methodology to explore dynamics among behavior, framing, and the conceptual
substance of student reasoning in the context of collaborative active-learning
activities in an introductory university physics course.


title: The String Topology Loop Coproduct and Cohomology Operations

abstract:
  This note explores the interaction between cohomology operations in a
generalized cohomology theory and a string topology loop coproduct dual to the
Chas--Sullivan loop product. More precisely, we ask for a description for the
failure of a given operation to commute with the loop coproduct, and will
obtain a satisfactory answer in the case where the operation preserves both
sums and products. Examples of such operations include the total Steenrod
square in ordinary mod 2 cohomology and the Adams operations in K-theory.


title: $^3_\eta He$ nucleus modeling in the frame optical potential model

abstract:
  The conditions, at which quasi-bound $\eta-^{3}$He state is possible, have
been investigated and compared with the available findings about
$\eta$N-scattering length and the information about $^{3}$He nucleus from
references. We conclud that the existence of quasi-bound $\eta-^{3}$He state
within the framework of the optical potential model, which doesn`t contradict
all collected findings, is not possible, but the observing anomaly of
$\eta^{3}$He-interaction at low energies is a virtual state.


title: Upper bound for isometric embeddings \ell_2^m\to\ell_p^n

abstract:
  The isometric embeddings $\ell_{2;K}^m\to\ell_{p;K}^n$ ($m\geq 2$, $p\in
2\N$) over a field $K\in{R, C, H}$ are considered, and an upper bound for the
minimal $n$ is proved. In the commutative case ($K\neq H$) the bound was
obtained by Delbaen, Jarchow and Pe{\l}czy{\'n}ski (1998) in a different way.


title:
Validity of strong lensing statistics for constraints on the galaxy
  evolution model

abstract:
  We examine the usefulness of the strong lensing statistics to constrain the
evolution of the number density of lensing galaxies by adopting the values of
the cosmological parameters determined by recent WMAP observation. For this
purpose, we employ the lens-redshift test proposed by Kochanek (1992) and
constrain the parameters in two evolution models, simple power-law model
characterized by the power law indexes $nu_{n}$ and $\nu_{v}$ and the evolution
model by Mitchell et al. (2005) based on CDM structure formation scenario. We
use the well-defined lens sample from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and
this is similarly sized samples used in the previous studies. Furthermore, we
adopt the velocity dispersion function of early-type galaxies based on SDSS DR1
and DR5. It turns out that the indexes of power-law model are consistent with
the previous studies, thus our results indicate the mild evolution in the
number and velocity dispersion of early-type galaxies out to z = 1. However we
found that the values for p and q used by Mitchell et al. are inconsistent with
the presently available observational data. More complete sample is necessary
to withdraw more realistic determination on these parameters.


title:
Connecting the Galactic and Cosmological Scales: Dark Energy and the
  Cuspy-Core Problem

abstract:
  We propose a solution to the `cuspy-core' problem by extending the geodesic
equations of motion using the Dark Energy length scale
$\lambda_{DE}=c/(\Lambda_{DE} G)^{1/2}$. This extension does not affect the
motion of photons; gravitational lensing is unchanged. A cosmological check of
the theory is made, and $\sigma_8$ is calculated to be $0.68_{\pm0.11}$,
compared to $0.761_{-0.048}^{+0.049}$ for WMAP. We estimate the fractional
density of matter that cannot be determined through gravity at $0.197_{\pm
0.017}$, compared to $0.196^{+0.025}_{-0.026}$, the fractional density of
nonbaryonic matter. The fractional density of matter that can be determined
through gravity is estimated at $0.041_{-0.031}^{+0.030}$, compared to
$0.0416_{-0.0039}^{+0.0038}$ for $\Omega_B$.


title:
A Note on Exact Solutions and Attractor Mechanism for Non-BPS Black
  Holes

abstract:
  We obtain two extremal, spherically symmetric, non-BPS black hole solutions
to 4D supergravity, one of which carries D2-D6 charges and the other carries
D0-D2-D4 charges. For the D2-D6 case, rather than solving the equations of
motion directly, we assume the form of the solution and then find that the
assumption satisfies the equations of motion and the constraint. Our D2-D6
solution is manifestly dual to the solution presented in 0710.4967. The
D0-D2-D4 solution is obtained by performing certain $[SL(2,{\bf Z})]^{3}$
duality transformations on the D0-D4 solution in 0710.4967.


title:
Spectral imaging of the Sagittarius B2 region in multiple 3-mm molecular
  lines with the Mopra telescope

abstract:
  Using the Mopra telescope, we have undertaken a 3-mm spectral-line imaging
survey of a 5 x 5 arcmin^2 area around Sgr B2. We covered almost the complete
spectral the range from 81.7 to 113.5 GHz, with 2.2 MHz wide spectral channels
or ~ 6 km/s, and have observed 24 lines, with 0.033 MHz wide, or ~ 0.1 km/s
channels. We discuss the distribution of around 50 lines, and present
velocity-integrated emission images for 38 of the lines. In addition, we have
detected around 120 more lines, mostly concentrated at the particularly
spectral line-rich Sgr B2(N) source. There are significant differences in
molecular emission, pointing to both abundance and excitation differences
throughout the region. Seven distinct spatial locations are identified for the
emitting species, including peaks near the prominent star forming cores of Sgr
B2(N), (M) and (S) that are seen in IR-to-radio continuum images. The other
features are a 'North Ridge' and a 'North Cloud' to the north of the Sgr B2
N-M-S cores, a 'South-East Peak' and a 'West Ridge'. The column density, as
evident through C^{18}O, peaks at the Sgr B2(N) and (M) cores, where strong
absorption is also evident in otherwise generally bright lines such as HCO^{+},
HCN and HNC. Most molecules trace a ridge line to the west of the Sgr B2 N-M-S
cores, wrapping around the cores and extending NE to the North Cloud. This is
most clearly evident in the species HC_{3}N, CH_{3}CN, CH_{3}OH and OCS. They
are found to be closer in distribution to the cooler dust traced by the sub-mm
continuum than either the warmer dust seen in the mid-IR or to the radio
continuum. The molecule CN, in contrast, is reasonably uniform over the entire
region mapped, aside from strong absorption at the positions of the Sgr B2(N)
and (M) cores.


title: Structure of the Star with Ideal Gases

abstract:
  In this paper, we provide a simplified stellar structure model for ideal
gases, in which the particles are only driven by gravity. According to the
model, the structural information of the star can be roughly solved by the
total mass and radius of a star. To get more accurate results, the model should
be modified by introducing other interaction among particles and rotation of
the star.


title:
A Birthday Paradox for Markov chains with an optimal bound for collision
  in the Pollard Rho algorithm for discrete logarithm

abstract:
  We show a Birthday Paradox for self-intersections of Markov chains with
uniform stationary distribution. As an application, we analyze Pollard's Rho
algorithm for finding the discrete logarithm in a cyclic group $G$ and find
that if the partition in the algorithm is given by a random oracle, then with
high probability a collision occurs in $\Theta(\sqrt{|G|})$ steps. Moreover,
for the parallelized distinguished points algorithm on $J$ processors we find
that $\Theta(\sqrt{|G|}/J)$ steps suffices. These are the first proofs of the
correct order bounds which do not assume that every step of the algorithm
produces an i.i.d. sample from $G$.


title: Tunable resonators for quantum circuits

abstract:
  We have designed, fabricated and measured high-Q $\lambda/2$ coplanar
waveguide microwave resonators whose resonance frequency is made tunable with
magnetic field by inserting a DC-SQUID array (including 1 or 7 SQUIDs) inside.
Their tunability range is 30% of the zero field frequency. Their quality factor
reaches up to 3$\times10^4$. We present a model based on thermal fluctuations
that accounts for the dependance of the quality factor with magnetic field.


title:
2-photon ionization and necessary laser and vacuum systems for
  experiments with trapped strontium ions

abstract:
  We describe a efficient way to photoionize strontium atoms in a linear
radio-frequency trap. We use a 2-photon second order process to excite the
autoionization resonance (4d2 + 5p2) 1D2. A doubled pulsed Ti:Saphire laser
system is used at 431nm to provide 100fsec pulses at 82Mhz. The fabrication of
the laser systems for addressing the Sr+ transitions necessary for laser
cooling and excitation of quantum jumps, vacuum system and ion trap structure
are also described in detail. With the current setup a easy and repeatable
trapping of linear ion chains is achieved at UHV pressures.


title:
Electron energy loss spectroscopy determination of Ti oxidation state at
  the (001) LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface as a function of LaAlO3 growth conditions

abstract:
  At the (001) interface between the two band-insulators LaAlO3 and SrTiO3, a
high-mobility electron gas may appear, which has been the object of numerous
works over the last four years. Its origin is a subject of debate between the
interface polarity and unintended doping. Here we use electron energy loss
'spectrum images', recorded in cross-section in a scanning transmission
electron microscope, to analyse the Ti3+ ratio, characteristic of extra
electrons. We find an interface concentration of Ti3+ that depends on growth
conditions.


title:
Characteristic molecular properties of one-electron double quantum rings
  under magnetic fields

abstract:
  The molecular states of conduction electrons in laterally coupled quantum
rings are investigated theoretically. The states are shown to have a distinct
magnetic field dependence, which gives rise to periodic fluctuations of the
tunnel splitting and ring angular momentum in the vicinity of the ground state
crossings. The origin of these effects can be traced back to the Aharonov-Bohm
oscillations of the energy levels, along with the quantum mechanical tunneling
between the rings. We propose a setup using double quantum rings which shows
that Aharonov-Bohm effects can be observed even if the net magnetic flux
trapped by the carriers is zero.


title:
Residual Coulomb interaction fluctuations in chaotic systems: the
  boundary, random plane waves, and semiclassical theory

abstract:
  New fluctuation properties arise in problems where both spatial integration
and energy summation are necessary ingredients. The quintessential example is
given by the short-range approximation to the first order ground state
contribution of the residual Coulomb interaction. The dominant features come
from the region near the boundary where there is an interplay between Friedel
oscillations and fluctuations in the eigenstates. Quite naturally, the
fluctuation scale is significantly enhanced for Neumann boundary conditions as
compared to Dirichlet. Elements missing from random plane wave modeling of
chaotic eigenstates lead surprisingly to significant errors, which can be
corrected within a purely semiclassical approach.


title:
Detection of the lithium depletion boundary in the young open cluster IC
  4665

abstract:
  The so-called lithium depletion boundary (LDB) provides a secure and
independent tool for deriving the ages of young open clusters.In this context,
our goal is to determine membership for a sample of 147 photometrically
selected candidates of the young open cluster IC 4665 and to use confirmed
members to establish an age based on the LDB. Employing the FLAMES multi-object
spectrograph on VLT/UT2, we have obtained intermediate-resolution spectra of
the cluster candidates. The spectra were used to measure radial velocities and
to infer the presence of the Li I 670.8 nm doublet and Halpha emission. We have
identified 39 bona fide cluster members based on radial velocity, Halpha
emission, and Li absorption. The mean radial velocity of IC 4665 is found to be
vrad=-15.95 +/- 1.13 km/s. Confirmed cluster members display a sharp transition
in magnitude between stars with and without lithium, both in the Im vs. Im-z
and in the Ks vs. Im-Ks diagrams.From this boundary, we deduce a cluster age of
27.7^(+4.2)_(-3.5) +/- 1.1 +/- 2 Myr. IC 4665 is the fifth cluster for which an
LDB age has been determined, and it is the youngest cluster among these five.
Thus, the LDB is established from relatively bright stars still in the
contracting pre-main sequence phase. The mass of the boundary is M*=0.24 +/-
0.04 Msun. The LDB age agrees well with the ages derived from isochrone fitting
of both low and high mass, turn-off stars, a result similar to what is found in
the slightly older NGC 2547.


title: Interface waves in pre-stressed incompressible solids

abstract:
  We study incremental wave propagation for what is seemingly the simplest
boundary value problem, namely that constitued by the plane interface of a
semi-infinite solid. With a view to model loaded elastomers and soft tissues,
we focus on incompressible solids, subjected to large homogeneous static
deformations. The resulting strain-induced anisotropy complicates matters for
the incremental boundary value problem, but we transpose and take advantage of
powerful techniques and results from the linear anisotropic elastodynamics
theory. In particular we cover several situations where fully explicit secular
equations can be derived, including Rayleigh and Stoneley waves in principal
directions, and Rayleigh waves polarized in a principal plane or propagating in
any direction in a principal plane. We also discuss the merits of polynomial
secular equations with respect to more robust, but less transparent, exact
secular equations.


title:
Generalized double extension and descriptions of qadratic Lie
  superalgebras

abstract:
  A Lie superalgebra endowed with a supersymmetric, even, non-degenerate,
invariant bilinear form is called a quadratic Lie superalgebra. In this paper
we give inductive descriptions of quadratic Lie superalgebras in terms of
generalized double extensions.


title:
Creep, recovery, and waves in a nonlinear fiber-reinforced viscoelastic
  solid

abstract:
  We present a constitutive model capturing some of the experimentally observed
features of soft biological tissues: nonlinear viscoelasticity, nonlinear
elastic anisotropy, and nonlinear viscous anisotropy. For this model we derive
the equation governing rectilinear shear motion in the plane of the fiber
reinforcement; it is a nonlinear partial differential equation for the shear
strain. Specializing the equation to the quasi-static processes of creep and
recovery, we find that usual (exponential-like) time growth and decay exist in
general, but that for certain ranges of values for the material parameters and
for the angle between the shearing direction and the fiber direction, some
anomalous behaviors emerge. These include persistence of a nonzero strain in
the recovery experiment, strain growth in recovery, strain decay in creep,
disappearance of the solution after a finite time, and similar odd
comportments. For the full dynamical equation of motion, we find kink
(traveling wave) solutions which cannot reach their assigned asymptotic limit.


title:
Experimental test of uncertainty relations for quantum mechanics on a
  circle

abstract:
  We rederive uncertainty relations for the angular position and momentum of a
particle on a circle by employing the exponential of the angle instead of the
angle itself, which leads to circular variance as a natural measure of
resolution. Intelligent states minimizing the uncertainty product under the
constraint of a given uncertainty in angle or in angular momentum turn out to
be given by Mathieu wave functions. We also discuss a number of physically
feasible approximations to these optimal states. The theory is applied to the
orbital angular momentum of a beam of photons and verified in an experiment
that employs computer-controlled spatial light modulators both at the state
preparation and analyzing stages.


title:
Product formulas for the cyclotomic v-Schur algebra and for the
  canonical bases of the Fock space

abstract:
  In our earlier work, we have proved a product formula for certain
decomposition numbers of the cyclotomic v-Schur algebra associated to the
Ariki-Koike algebra. It is conjectured by Yvonne that the decomposition numbers
of this algebra can be described in terms of the canonical basis of the higher
level Fock space studied by Uglov. In this paper we prove a product formula
related to the canonical basis of the Fock space. In view of Yvonne's
conjecture, this formula is regarded as a counter-part for the Fock space of
our previous formula.


title: Role of External Flow and Frame Invariance in Stochastic Thermodynamics

abstract:
  For configurational changes of soft matter systems affected or caused by
external hydrodynamic flow, we identify applied work, exchanged heat, and
entropy change on the level of a single trajectory. These expressions guarantee
invariance of stochastic thermodynamics under a change of frame of reference.
As criterion for equilibrium \textit{vs.} nonequilibrium, zero \textit{vs.}
nonzero applied work replaces detailed balance \textit{vs.} nonvanishing
currents, since both latter criteria are shown to depend on the frame of
reference. Our results are illustrated quantitatively by calculating the large
deviation function for the entropy production of a dumbbell in shear flow.


title: On completing three cyclic transversals to a latin square

abstract:
  Let $P$ be a partial latin square of prime order $p>7$ consisting of three
cyclically generated transversals. Specifically, let $P$ be a partial latin
square of the form: \[ P=\{(i,c+i,s+i),(i,c'+i,s'+i),(i,c''+i,s''+i)\mid 0 \leq
i< p\} \] for some distinct $c,c',c''$ and some distinct $s,s',s''$. In this
paper we show that any such $P$ completes to a latin square which is diagonally
cyclic.


title: Temporal evolution of magnetic elements

abstract:
  We study the structure and evolution of the magnetic field of the quiet Sun
by investigating weak spectro-polarimetric signals. To this end, we observed a
quiet region close to the disk center with the German VTT in Tenerife, July 07,
2006. We recorded 38 scans of the same area. Each scan was eight arcsec wide
and observed within about 100 seconds. We used POLIS to simultaneously observe
Stokes profiles of the neutral iron lines at 630.15 and 630.25 nm, the Stokes-I
profile of the Ca II H line at 396.8 nm, and a continuum speckle channel at 500
nm. We witness two examples of magnetic flux cancellation of small-scale
opposite-polarity patches, followed by an enhanced chromospheric emission. In
each case, the two opposite-polarity patches gradually became smaller and,
within a few minutes, the smaller one completely disappeared. The larger patch
also diminished significantly. We provide evidence for a cancellation scenario
in the photosphere which leaves minor traces at the chromospheric level.


title:
Lyapunov conditions for logarithmic Sobolev and Super Poincar\'e
  inequality

abstract:
  We show how to use Lyapunov functions to obtain functional inequalities which
are stronger than Poincar\'e inequality (for instance logarithmic Sobolev or
$F$-Sobolev). The case of Poincar\'e and weak Poincar\'e inequalities was
studied in Bakry and al. This approach allows us to recover and extend in an
unified way some known criteria in the euclidean case (Bakry-Emery, Wang,
Kusuoka-Stroock ...).


title:
The stress field in a pulled cork and some subtle points in the
  semi-inverse method of nonlinear elasticity

abstract:
  In an attempt to describe cork-pulling, we model a cork as an incompressible
rubber-like material and consider that it is subject to a helical shear
deformation superimposed onto a shrink fit and a simple torsion. It turns out
that this deformation field provides an insight into the possible appearance of
secondary deformation fields for special classes of materials. We also find
that these latent deformation fields are woken up by normal stress differences.
We present some explicit examples based on the neo-Hookean, the generalized
neo-Hookean and the Mooney-Rivlin forms of the strain-energy density. Using the
simple exact solution found in the neo-Hookean case, we conjecture that it is
advantageous to accompany the usual vertical axial force by a twisting moment,
in order to extrude a cork from the neck of a bottle efficiently. Then we
analyse departures from the neo-Hookean behaviour by exact and asymptotic
analyses. In that process, we are able to give an elegant and analytic example
of secondary (or latent) deformations in the framework of nonlinear elasticity.


title:
SU_f(3)-Symmetry Breaking Effects of the B\to K Transition Form Factor
  in the QCD Light-Cone Sum Rules

abstract:
  We present an improved calculation of the $B\to K$ transition form factor
with chiral current in the QCD light-cone sum rule (LCSR) approach. Under the
present approach, the most uncertain twist-3 contribution is eliminated. And
the contributions from the twist-2 and the twist-4 structures of the kaon wave
function are discussed, including the $SU_f(3)$-breaking effects. One-loop
radiative corrections to the kaonic twist-2 contribution together with the
leading-order twist-4 corrections are studied. The $SU_f(3)$ breaking effect is
obtained, $ \frac{F^{B\to K}_{+}(0)}{F^{B\to\pi}_{+}(0)}=1.16\pm 0.03$. By
combining the LCSR results with the newly obtained perturbative QCD results
that have been calculated up to ${\cal O}(1/m^2_b)$ in Ref.\cite{hwf0}, we
present a consistent analysis of the $B\to K$ transition form factor in the
large and intermediate energy regions.