title:
Integrable pseudopotentials related to generalized hypergeometric
  functions

abstract:
  We construct integrable pseudopotentials with an arbitrary number of fields
in terms of generalized hypergeometric functions. These pseudopotentials yield
some integrable (2+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic type systems. An interesting
class of integrable (1+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic type systems is also
generated by our pseudopotentials.


title:
Mass Formulas Derived by Symmetry Breaking and Prediction of Masses on
  Heavy Flavor Hadrons

abstract:
  The base is the Lagrangian of symmetry and its dynamical breaking or Higgs
breaking. When the soliton-like solutions of the scalar field equations are
substituted into the spinor field equations, in the approximation of
non-relativity we derive the Morse-type potential, whose energy spectrum is the
GMO mass formula and its modified accurate mass formula. According to the
symmetry of s-c quarks, the heavy flavor hadrons which made of u,d and c quarks
may be classified by SU(3) octet and decuplet. Then some simple mass formulas
are obtained, from this we predict some masses of unknown hadrons.


title: Defect-Mediated Emulsification in Two Dimensions

abstract:
  We consider two dimensional dispersions of droplets of isotropic phase in a
liquid with an XY-like order parameter, tilt, nematic, and hexatic symmetries
being included. Strong anchoring boundary conditions are assumed. Textures for
a single droplet and a pair of droplets are calculated and a universal
droplet-droplet pair potential is obtained. The interaction of dispersed
droplets via the ordered phase is attractive at large distances and repulsive
at short distances, which results in a well defined preferred separation for
two droplets and topological stabilization of the emulsion. This interaction
also drives self-assembly into chains. Preferred separations and energy
barriers to coalescence are calculated, and effects of thermal fluctuations and
film thickness are discussed.


title: AB Space Engine

abstract:
  On 4 January 2007 the author published the article Wireless Transfer of
Electricity in Outer Space in http://arxiv.org wherein he offered and
researched a new revolutionary method of transferring electric energy in space.
In that same article, he offered a new engine which produces a large thrust
without throwing away large amounts of reaction mass (unlike the conventional
rocket engine).
  In the current article, the author develops the theory of this kind of
impulse engine and computes a sample project which shows the big possibilities
opened by this new AB-Space Engine. The AB-Space Engine gets the energy from
ground-mounted power; a planet electric station can transfer electricity up to
1000 millions (and more) of kilometers by plasma wires. Author shows that
AB-Space Engine can produce thrust of 10 tons (and more). That can accelerate a
space ship to some thousands of kilometers/second. AB-Space Engine has a
staggering specific impulse owing to the very small mass expended. The AB-Space
Engine reacts not by expulsion of its own mass (unlike rocket engine) but
against the mass of its planet of origin (located perhaps a thousand of
millions of kilometers away) through the magnetic field of its plasma cable.
For creating this plasma cable the AB-Space Engine spends only some kg of
hydrogen.


title: A complex surface of general type with p_g=0, K^2=2 and H_1=Z/2Z, Z/3Z

abstract:
  As the sequel to [3], we construct a minimal complex surface of general type
with p_g=0, K^2=2 and H_1=Z/2Z using a rational blow-down surgery and
Q-Gorenstein smoothing theory. We also present an example of p_g = 0,K^2 = 2
and H_1 = Z/3Z.


title: Functionality and Protein-Water Interactions

abstract:
  The structures of proteins exhibit secondary elements composed of helices and
loops. Comparison of several water-only hydrophobicity scales with the
functionalities of two repeat proteins shows that these secondary elements
possess water-induced medium-range order that is sometimes similar, but can
also be complementary, to structural order. Study of these hitherto "phantom"
order parameters promises far-reaching incremental improvements in the theory
of protein dynamics. A by-product of the theory is an independent evaluation of
the reliability of different hydrophobicity scales.


title:
Friedrichs' extension lemma with boundary values and applications in
  complex analysis

abstract:
  Let $Q$ be a first-order differential operator on a compact, smooth oriented
Riemannian manifold with smooth boundary. Then, Friedrichs' extension lemma
states that the minimal closed extension $Q_{min}$ (the closure of the graph)
and the maximal closed extension $Q_{max}$ (in the sense of distributions) of
$Q$ in $L^p$-spaces ($1\leq p<\infty$) coincide. In the present paper, we show
that the same is true for boundary values with respect to $Q_{min}$ and
$Q_{max}$. This gives a useful characterization of weak boundary values,
particularly for $Q=d-bar$ the Cauchy-Riemann operator. As an application, we
derive the Bochner-Martinelli-Koppelman formula for $L^p$-forms with weak
d-bar-boundary values.


title: Reversibility, Water-Mediated Switching, and Directed Cell Dynamics

abstract:
  Reversible switching of the complex network dynamics of proteins is mimicked
in selected network glasses and compacted small carbohydrate molecules. Protein
transitions occur on long time scales ~ us -ms, evocative of the exponentially
large viscosities found in glass-forming supercooled liquids just above the
glass transition; in searching for mechanisms for reversibly slowed "geared
activation", Kauzmann was led from proteins to glasses. I show here that
selected network glasses and small carbohydrate molecules can be used to model
such transitions, and elucidate in particular some universal aspects of tandem
repeats. The human ankyrin tandem repeat D34, with a superhelical "coiled
spring" structure which has 426 residues, folds reversibly and plastically.
Such molecules are too large for present transition-state numerical
simulations, currently limited to ~ 100 residues solvated by ~ 3000 water
molecules for times ~ ns. The transition states of D34 exhibit a surprisingly
simple collective ("geared") pattern when studied by fluorescence near its
center, in samples modified mutageneously along its 12 helical repeats. One can
understand this "plastic" pattern by taking advantage of a symmetric 45-atom
carbohydrate molecular bridge to "cross over" from proteins to inorganic
network glasses. There one easily identifies gears, and can show that the
collective pattern is the signature of nonlocal, water-mediated
[hydro(phobic/philic)] switching. Details of the transition patterns emerge
from analyzing the amino acid alpha helical repeat sequences with water-only
hydrophobicity scales. Freezing and melting of monolayer water films at
physiological temperatures can enable ankyrin repeats to direct cell dynamics
in muscles, membranes and cytoskeletons.


title:
Destruction of the family of steady states in the planar problem of
  Darcy convection

abstract:
  The natural convection of incompressible fluid in a porous medium causes for
some boundary conditions a strong non-uniqueness in the form of a continuous
family of steady states. We are interested in the situation when these boundary
conditions are violated. The resulting destruction of the family of steady
states is studied via computer experiments based on a mimetic finite-difference
approach. Convection in a rectangular enclosure is considered under different
perturbations of boundary conditions (heat sources, infiltration). Two scenario
of the family of equilibria are found: the transformation to a limit cycle and
the formation of isolated convective patterns.


title: The magnetoelectric coupling in the multiferroic compound LiCu2O2

abstract:
  We investigate the possible types of coupling between ferroelectricity and
magnetism for the zig-zag spin chain multiferroic LiCu2O2 compound. We
construct a multi-order parameter phenomenological model for the material based
on a group theoretical analysis. From our calculation we conclude that a
coupling involving the inter-chain magnetic structure and ferroelectricity is
necessary to understand the experimental results of Park et.al. Our proposed
model is able to account for the electric polarization flop in the presence of
an externally applied magnetic field. Furthermore, based on our theoretical
model we can make specific selection rule predictions about electromagnon
excitations present in the LiCu2O2 system. We also predict that the
electromagnon peaks measured in an ac-conductivity measurement are field
dependent.


title: Heat conduction in simple networks: The effect of inter-chain coupling

abstract:
  The heat conduction in simple networks consisting of different one
dimensional nonlinear chains is studied. We find that the coupling between
chains has different function in heat conduction compared with that in electric
current. This might find application in controlling heat flow in complex
networks.


title:
Analysis of the coupling constants $g_{a_0\eta\pi^0}$ and
  $g_{a_0\eta'\pi^0}$ with light-cone QCD sum rules

abstract:
  In this article, we take the point of view that the light scalar meson
$a_0(980)$ is a conventional $q\bar{q}$ state, and calculate the coupling
constants $g_{a_0\eta\pi^0}$ and $g_{a_0 \eta'\pi^0}$ with the light-cone QCD
sum rules. The central value of the coupling constant $g_{a_0\eta\pi^0}$ is
consistent with the one extracted from the radiative decay $\phi(1020)\to
a_0(980)\gamma \to \eta \pi^0 \gamma$. The central value and lower bound of the
decay width $\Gamma_{a_{0}\to \eta \pi^0}=127^{+84}_{-48} \rm{MeV} $ are
compatible with the experimental data of the total decay width
$\Gamma_{a_0(980)}=(50-100) \rm{MeV}$ from the Particle Data Group with very
model dependent estimation (the decay width can be much larger), while the
upper bound is too large. We give possible explanation for the discrepancy
between the theoretical calculation and experimental data.


title: Localization and Mass Spectrum of Matters on Weyl Thick Branes

abstract:
  In this paper, we study localization and mass spectrum of various matter
fields on a family of thick brane configurations in a pure geometric Weyl
integrable 5-dimensional space time, a non-Riemannian modification of
5-dimensional Kaluza--Klein (KK) theory. We present the shape of the
mass-independent potential of the corresponding Schr\"{o}dinger problem and
obtain the KK modes and mass spectrum, where a special coupling of spinors and
scalars is considered for fermions. It is shown that, for a class of brane
configurations, there exists a continuum gapless spectrum of KK modes with any
$m^2>0$ for scalars, vectors and ones of left chiral and right chiral fermions.
All of the corresponding massless modes are found to be normalizable on the
branes. However, for a special of brane configuration, the corresponding
effective Schr\"{o}dinger equations have modified P\"{o}schl-Teller potentials.
These potentials suggest that there exist mass gap and a series of continuous
spectrum starting at positive $m^2$. There are one bound state for spin one
vectors, which is just the normalizable vector zero mode, and two bound KK
modes for scalars. The total number of bound states for spin half fermions is
determined by the coupling constant $\eta$. In the case of no coupling
($\eta=0$), there are no any localized fermion KK modes including zero modes
for both left and right chiral fermions. For positive (negative) coupling
constant, the number of bound states of right chiral fermions is one less
(more) than that of left chiral fermions. In both cases ($\eta>0$ and
$\eta<0$), only one of the zero modes for left chiral fermions and right chiral
fermions is bound and normalizable.


title: A Model for Hybrid Simulations of Molecular Dynamics and CFD

abstract:
  We propose a method for multi-scale hybrid simulations of molecular dynamics
(MD) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In the method, usual lattice-mesh
based simulations are applied for CFD level, but each lattice is associated
with a small MD cell which generates a "local stress" according to a "local
flow field" given from CFD instead of using any constitutive functions at CFD
level. We carried out the hybrid simulations for some elemental flow problems
of simple Lennard-Jones liquids and compared the results with those obtained by
usual CFDs with a Newtonian constitutive relation in order to examine the
validity of our hybrid simulation method. It is demonstrated that our hybrid
simulations successfully reproduced the correct flow behavior obtained from
usual CFDs as far as the mesh size $\Delta x$ and the time-step $\Delta t$ of
CFD are not too large comparing to the system size $l_{\rm MD}$ and the
sampling duration $t_{\rm MD}$ of MD simulations performed at each time step of
CFDs. Otherwise, simulations are affected by large fluctuations due to poor
statistical averages taken in the MD part. Properties of the fluctuations are
analyzed in detail.


title:
Entanglement-Assisted Quantum Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check
  Codes

abstract:
  We investigate the construction of quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC)
codes from classical quasi-cyclic (QC) LDPC codes with girth greater than or
equal to 6. We have shown that the classical codes in the generalized
Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) construction do not need to satisfy the
dual-containing property as long as pre-shared entanglement is available to
both sender and receiver. We can use this to avoid the many 4-cycles which
typically arise in dual-containing LDPC codes. The advantage of such quantum
codes comes from the use of efficient decoding algorithms such as sum-product
algorithm (SPA). It is well known that in the SPA, cycles of length 4 make
successive decoding iterations highly correlated and hence limit the decoding
performance. We show the principle of constructing quantum QC-LDPC codes which
require only small amounts of initial shared entanglement.


title:
Implications for the Cosmological Landscape: Can Thermal Inputs from a
  Prior Universe Account for Relic Graviton Production?

abstract:
  We present a way to accomodate relic graviton production via worm hole
transitions of prior universe thermal / energy density values to our present
universe. This is done in the context of providing a mechanism for thermally
driven relic gravitons, and also to explain how Park's 2003 observation as to
how a thermally scaled vacuum energy value plays a role in forming the early
universe emergent field dynamics


title: Generalization of distance to higher dimensional objects

abstract:
  The measurement of distance between two objects is generalized to the case
where the objects are no longer points but are one-dimensional. Additional
concepts such as non-extensibility, curvature constraints, and non-crossing
become central to the notion of distance. Analytical and numerical results are
given for some specific examples, and applications to biopolymers are
discussed.


title: Meridian twisting of closed braids and the Homfly polynomial

abstract:
  Let $\beta$ be a braid on $n$ strands, with exponent sum $w$. Let $\Delta$ be
the Garside half-twist braid. We prove that the coefficient of $v^{w-n+1}$ in
the Homfly polynomial of the closure of $\beta$ agrees with $(-1)^{n-1}$ times
the coefficient of $v^{w+n^2-1}$ in the Homfly polynomial of the closure of
$\beta\Delta^2$. This coincidence implies that the lower
Morton--Franks-Williams estimate for the $v$--degree of the Homfly polynomial
of $\hat\beta$ is sharp if and only if the upper MFW estimate is sharp for the
$v$--degree of the Homfly polynomial of $\hat{\beta\Delta^2}$.


title: Generalised exponential families and associated entropy functions

abstract:
  A generalised notion of exponential families is introduced. It is based on
the variational principle, borrowed from statistical physics. It is shown that
inequivalent generalised entropy functions lead to distinct generalised
exponential families. The well-known result that the inequality of Cramer and
Rao becomes an equality in the case of an exponential family can be
generalised. However, this requires the introduction of escort probabilities.


title: A note on the rank of Heegaard Floer homology

abstract:
  We show that if K is a non-trivial knot inside a homology sphere Y, then the
rank of knot Floer homology associated with K is strictly bigger than the rank
of Heegaard Floer homology of Y.


title: The $\eta(2225)$ observed by the BES Collaboration

abstract:
  In the framework of the $^3P_0$ meson decay model, the strong decays of the
$3 ^1S_0$ and $4 ^1S_0$ $s\bar{s}$ states are investigated. It is found that in
the presence of the initial state mass being 2.24 GeV, the total widths of the
$3 ^1S_0$ and $4 ^1S_0$ $s\bar{s}$ states are about 438 MeV and 125 MeV,
respectively. Also, when the initial state mass varies from 2220 to 2400 MeV,
the total width of the $4 ^1S_0$ $s\bar{s}$ state varies from about 100 to 132
MeV, while the total width of the $3 ^1S_0$ $s\bar{s}$ state varies from about
400 to 594 MeV. A comparison of the predicted widths and the experimental
result of $(0.19\pm 0.03^{+0.04}_{-0.06})$ GeV, the width of the $\eta(2225)$
with a mass of $(2.24^{+0.03+0.03}_{-0.02-0.02})$ GeV recently observed by the
BES Collaboration in the radiative decay $J/\psi\to\gamma\phi\phi\to\gamma
K^+K^-K^0_SK^0_L$, suggests that it would be very difficult to identify the
$\eta(2225)$ as the $3 ^1S_0$ $s\bar{s}$ state, and the $\eta(2225)$ seams a
good candidate for the $4 ^1S_0$ $s\bar{s}$ state.


title:
Generalized local cohomology modules and homological Gorenstein
  dimensions

abstract:
  Let \fa be an ideal of a commutative Noetherian ring R and M and N two
finitely generated R-modules. Let \cd_{\fa}(M,N) denote the supremum of the i's
such that H^i_{\fa}(M,N)\neq 0. First, by using the theory of Gorenstein
homological dimensions, we obtain several upper bounds for \cd_{\fa}(M,N).
Next, over a Cohen-Macaulay local ring (R,\fm), we show that
\cd_{\fm}(M,N)=\dim R-\grade(\Ann_RN,M), provided that either projective
dimension of M or injective dimension of N is finite. Finally, over such rings,
we establish an analogue of the Hartshorne-Lichtenbaum Vanishing Theorem in the
context of generalized local cohomology modules.


title: Equation of Motion for the Quantum Characteristic Functions

abstract:
  In this paper, we derive equations of motion for the normal-order, the
symmetric-order and the antinormal-order quantum characteristic functions,
applicable for general Hamiltonian systems. We do this by utilizing the
`characteristic form' of both quantum states and Hamiltonians. The equations of
motion we derive here are rather simple in form and in essence, and as such
have a number of attractive features. As we shall see, our approach enables the
descriptions of quantum and classical time evolutions in one unified language.
It allows for a direct comparison between quantum and classical dynamics,
providing insight into the relations between quantum and classical behavior,
while also revealing a smooth transition between quantum and classical time
evolutions. In particular, the $\hbar\to 0$ limit of the quantum equations of
motion instantly recovers their classical counterpart. We also argue that the
derived equations may prove to be very useful in numerical simulations.


title: Cold gas accretion in galaxies

abstract:
  Evidence for the accretion of cold gas in galaxies has been rapidly
accumulating in the past years. HI observations of galaxies and their
environment have brought to light new facts and phenomena which are evidence of
ongoing or recent accretion:
  1) A large number of galaxies are accompanied by gas-rich dwarfs or are
surrounded by HI cloud complexes, tails and filaments. It may be regarded as
direct evidence of cold gas accretion in the local universe. It is probably the
same kind of phenomenon of material infall as the stellar streams observed in
the halos of our galaxy and M31. 2) Considerable amounts of extra-planar HI
have been found in nearby spiral galaxies. While a large fraction of this gas
is produced by galactic fountains, it is likely that a part of it is of
extragalactic origin. 3) Spirals are known to have extended and warped outer
layers of HI. It is not clear how these have formed, and how and for how long
the warps can be sustained. Gas infall has been proposed as the origin. 4) The
majority of galactic disks are lopsided in their morphology as well as in their
kinematics. Also here recent accretion has been advocated as a possible cause.
  In our view, accretion takes place both through the arrival and merging of
gas-rich satellites and through gas infall from the intergalactic medium (IGM).
The infall may have observable effects on the disk such as bursts of star
formation and lopsidedness. We infer a mean ``visible'' accretion rate of cold
gas in galaxies of at least 0.2 Msol/yr. In order to reach the accretion rates
needed to sustain the observed star formation (~1 Msol/yr), additional infall
of large amounts of gas from the IGM seems to be required.


title: A novel scheme for entanglement engineering in a fermionic system

abstract:
  We present a novel scheme to engineer the entanglement in a fermionic system,
which is modeled by a minimally three-site Hubbard model. It is found that, in
this type of system, we can have two free parameters. One is used to tune the
entanglement and the other to switch on or off the above tuning function. The
whole process is much like what happens in a traditional transistor switch,
where the main current between the emitter and collector can be turned on or
off by the base current.


title:
Vortices, circumfluence, symmetry groups and Darboux transformations of
  the (2+1)-dimensional Euler equation

abstract:
  The Euler equation (EE) is one of the basic equations in many physical fields
such as fluids, plasmas, condensed matter, astrophysics, oceanic and
atmospheric dynamics. A symmetry group theorem of the (2+1)-dimensional EE is
obtained via a simple direct method which is thus utilized to find \em exact
analytical \rm vortex and circumfluence solutions. A weak Darboux
transformation theorem of the (2+1)-dimensional EE can be obtained for \em
arbitrary spectral parameter \rm from the general symmetry group theorem. \rm
Possible applications of the vortex and circumfluence solutions to tropical
cyclones, especially Hurricane Katrina 2005, are demonstrated.


title: A Construction of Complete Ricci-flat K\"ahler Manifolds

abstract:
  We consider an extension of the results of S. Bando, R. Kobyashi, G. Tian,
and S. T. Yau on the existence of Ricci-flat K\"{a}hler metrics on
quasi-projective varieties Y=X\D with \alpha[D]=c_1(X), \alpha >1. The
requirement that D admit a K\"{a}hler-Einstein metric is generalized to the
condition that the link S in the normal bundle of D admits a Sasaki-Einstein
structure in the Sasaki-cone of the usual Sasaki structure provided the
embedding D\subset X satisfies an additional holomorphic condition. If D is a
toric variety, then S always admits a Sasaki-Einstein metric. As an application
we prove that every small smooth deformation of a toric Gorenstein singularity
admits a complete Ricci-flat K\"{a}hler metric asymptotic to a Calabi ansatz
metric. Some examples are given which were not previously known.


title: Large Deviations in Quantum Spin Chain

abstract:
  We show the full large deviation principle for KMS-states and $C^*$-finitely
correlated states on a quantum spin chain. We cover general local observables.
Our main tool is Ruelle's transfer operator method.


title: Structural anisotropy of silica hydrogels prepared under magnetic field

abstract:
  Birefringence measurements have been carried out on the Pb-doped silica
hydrogels prepared under various magnetic fields up to 5T. The silica gels
prepared at 5T were used as a medium of crystal growth of PbBr2, whose result
implied the structural anisotropy; an aligned array of crystallites was
obtained by transmission electron microscopy. While the samples prepared at 0,
1, and 3T have no birefringence, we found that the samples have negative
birefringence on the order of magnitude 10^-6 as if the direction of the
magnetic field is the optic axis of a uniaxal crystal. To the authors'
knowledge, the birefringent silica hydrogels were obtained by gelation under
magnetic field for the first time. Also, scanning microscopic light scattering
experiments have been performed. The results indicate that the characteristic
length distribution for birefringent samples is narrower than that for
non-birefringent ones.


title:
Role of reversibility in viral capsid growth: A paradigm for
  self-assembly

abstract:
  Self-assembly at submicroscopic scales is an important but little understood
phenomenon. A prominent example is virus capsid growth, whose underlying
behavior can be modeled using simple particles that assemble into polyhedral
shells. Molecular dynamics simulation of shell formation in the presence of an
atomistic solvent provides new insight into the self-assembly mechanism,
notably that growth proceeds via a cascade of strongly reversible steps and,
despite the large variety of possible intermediates, only a small fraction of
highly bonded forms appear on the pathway.


title: Implications of H.E.S.S. observations of pulsar wind nebulae

abstract:
  In this review paper on pulsar wind nebulae (PWN) we discuss the properties
of such nebulae within the context of containment against cross-field diffusion
(versus normal advection), the effect of reverse shocks on the evolution of
offset ``Vela-like'' PWN, constraints on maximum particle energetics, magnetic
field strength estimates based on spectral and spatial properties, and the
implication of such field estimates on the composition of the wind. A
significant part of the discussion is based on the High Energy Stereoscopic
System ({\it H.E.S.S.} or {\it HESS}) detection of the two evolved pulsar wind
nebulae Vela X (cocoon) and HESS J1825-137. In the case of Vela X (cocoon) we
also review evidence of a hadronic versus a leptonic interpretation, showing
that a leptonic interpretation is favored for the {\it HESS} signal. The
constraints discussed in this review paper sets a general framework for the
interpretation of a number of offset, filled-center nebulae seen by {\it HESS}.
These sources are found along the galactic plane with galactic latitudes
$|b|\sim 0$, where significant amounts of molecular gas is found. In these
regions, we find that the interstellar medium is inhomogeneous, which has an
effect on the morphology of supernova shock expansion. One consequence of this
effect is the formation of offset pulsar wind nebulae as observed.


title: Maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules over surface singularities

abstract:
  This is a survey article about properties of Cohen-Macaulay modules over
surface singularities. We discuss various results on the Macaulayfication
functor, reflexive modules over simple, quotient and minimally elliptic
singularities, geometric and algebraic McKay Correspondence. Finally, we
describe matrix factorizations corresponding to the indecomposable
Cohen-Macaulay modules over the non-isolated singularities
  $A_\infty$ and $D_\infty$.


title: On the unitary subgroup of modular group algebras

abstract:
  It this note we investigate the structure of the group of \sigma-unitary
units in some noncommutative modular group algebras KG, where \sigma is a
non-classical ring involution of KG.


title:
Glimpses of the Octonions and Quaternions History and Todays
  Applications in Quantum Physics

abstract:
  Before we dive into the accessibility stream of nowadays indicatory
applications of octonions to computer and other sciences and to quantum physics
let us focus for a while on the crucially relevant events for todays revival on
interest to nonassociativity. Our reflections keep wandering back to the
$Brahmagupta$ $Fibonacc$ two square identity and then via the $Euler$ four
square identity up to the $Degen$ $Ggraves$ $Cayley$ eight square identity.
These glimpses of history incline and invite us to retell the story on how
about one month after quaternions have been carved on the $Broughamian$ bridge
octonions were discovered by $John$ $Thomas$ $Ggraves$, jurist and
mathematician, a friend of $William$ $Rowan$ $Hamilton$. As for today we just
mention en passant quaternionic and octonionic quantum mechanics,
generalization of $Cauchy$ $Riemann$ equations for octonions and triality
principle and $G_2$ group in spinor language in a descriptive way in order not
to daunt non specialists. Relation to finite geometries is recalled and the
links to the 7stones of seven sphere, seven imaginary octonions units in out of
the $Plato$ cave reality applications are appointed . This way we are welcomed
back to primary ideas of $Heisenberg$, $Wheeler$ and other distinguished
fathers of quantum mechanics and quantum gravity foundations.


title:
Dynamic transition between Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction patterns -
  a lecture experiment

abstract:
  A simple method for presenting a dynamic transition between Fresnel and
Fraunhofer diffraction zones is considered. Experiments are conducted on
different apertures and diffraction patterns are photographed at various
distances between the screen and the aperture. A diverging lens is introduced
into the experimental setup to provide enlarged Fresnel diffraction patterns.
Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction patterns and dynamic transition between them
can be easily obtained on a distance of few meters, what gives an opportunity
to use our setup as a lecture experiment. Photographs of transition for square
aperture are shown and discussed.


title: On common solutions of Mathisson equations under different conditions

abstract:
  In the context of investigations of possible highly relativistic motions of a
spinning particle in the gravitational field, which can be described by the
Mathisson equations under different supplementary condition, we analyze the
circular orbits in a Schwarzschild field. The very orbits most clearly
demonstrate the effect of the gravitational spin-orbit interaction on the
particle's motion. It is shown that the Mathisson equations under the
Frenkel-Mathisson and Tulczyjew-Dixon conditions have the common solutions
describing the highly relativistic circular orbits in the region
$r=3M(1+\delta), |\delta|\ll 1$. These orbits essentially differ from the
geodesic circular orbits in the same region, particularly by the value of the
particle's energy on the corresponding orbits.


title: Mass functions and photometric binaries in nine open clusters

abstract:
  Using homogeneous CCD photometric data from the 105-cm Kiso Schmidt telescope
covering a 50' x 50' field, we study the mass functions (MFs) of nine open
clusters. The ages and Galactocentric distances of the target clusters vary
from 16 - 2000 Myr and 9-10.8 kpc, respectively. The values of MF slopes vary
from -1.1 to -2.1. The classical value derived by Salpeter (1955) for the slope
of the IMF is \Gamma = -1.35. The MFs in the outer regions of the clusters are
found to be steeper than in the inner regions, indicating the presence of mass
segregation in the clusters.The MF slopes (in the outer region as well as the
whole cluster) undergo an exponential decay with the evolutionary parameter
\tau (= age/ relaxation time). It seems that the evaporation of low-mass
members from outer regions of the clusters is not significant at larger
Galactocentric distances. It is concluded that the initial mass function (IMF)
in the anticentre direction of the Galaxy might have been steeper than the IMF
in the opposite direction. A comparison of the observed CMDs of the clusters
with synthetic CMDs gives a photometric binary content of ~40%.


title:
Geometric torsions and invariants of manifolds with triangulated
  boundary

abstract:
  Geometric torsions are torsions of acyclic complexes of vector spaces which
consist of differentials of geometric quantities assigned to the elements of a
manifold triangulation. We use geometric torsions to construct invariants for a
manifold with a triangulated boundary. These invariants can be naturally united
in a vector, and a change of the boundary triangulation corresponds to a linear
transformation of this vector. Moreover, when two manifolds are glued by their
common boundary, these vectors undergo scalar multiplication, i.e., they work
according to M. Atiyah's axioms for a topological quantum field theory.


title:
Perspective of spintronics applications based on the Extraordinary Hall
  Effect

abstract:
  Extraordinary Hall effect (EHE) is a spin-dependent phenomenon that generates
voltage proportional to magnetization across a current carrying magnetic film.
Magnitude of the effect can be artificially increased by stimulating properly
selected spin-orbit scattering events. Already achieved sensitivity of the
EHE-based sample devices exceeds 1000 Ohm/T, which surpasses the sensitivity of
semiconducting Hall sensors. Linear field response, thermal stability, high
frequency operation, sub-micron dimensions and, above all, simplicity,
robustness and low cost manufacture are good reasons to consider a wide scale
technological application of the phenomenon for magnetic sensors and memory
devices.


title: Covariance and Time Regained in Canonical General Relativity

abstract:
  Canonical vacuum gravity is expressed in generally-covariant form in order
that spacetime diffeomorphisms be represented within its equal-time phase
space. In accordance with the principle of general covariance, the time mapping
${\T}: {\yman} \to {\rman}$ and the space mapping ${\X}: {\yman} \to {\xman}$
that define the Dirac-ADM foliation are incorporated into the framework of the
Hilbert variational principle. The resulting canonical action encompasses all
individual Dirac-ADM actions, corresponding to different choices of foliating
vacuum spacetimes by spacelike hypersurfaces. In this framework, spacetime
observables, namely, dynamical variables that are invariant under spacetime
diffeomorphisms, are not necessarily invariant under the deformations of the
mappings $\T$ and $\X$, nor are they constants of the motion. Dirac observables
form only a subset of spacetime observables that are invariant under the
transformations of $\T$ and $\X$ and do not evolve in time. The conventional
interpretation of the canonical theory, due to Bergmann and Dirac, can be
recovered only by postulating that the transformations of the reference system
$({\T},{\X})$ have no measurable consequences. If this postulate is not deemed
necessary, covariant canonical gravity admits no classical problem of time.


title:
Dewetting of an ultrathin solid film on a lattice-matched or amorphous
  substrate

abstract:
  An evolution partial differential equation for the surface of a non-wetting
single-crystal film in an attractive substrate potential is derived and used to
study the dynamics of a pinhole for the varying initial depth of a pinhole and
the strengths of the potential and the surface energy anisotropy. The results
of the simulations demonstrate how the corresponding parameters may lead to
complete or partial dewetting of the film. Anisotropy of the surface energy,
through faceting of the pinhole walls, is found to most drastically affect the
time to film rupture. In particular, the similations support the conjecture
that the strong anisotropy is capable of the complete suppression of dewetting
even when the attractive substrate potential is strong.


title:
Long-range correlation energies and off-diagonal interactions for the
  $\pi$ electronic systems

abstract:
  The long-range correlation energies and the off-diagonal interactions are
studied and a general formula for correlation energy $E_c$ of the $\pi$
electron systems is given, which is beyond the nearest-neighbor
electron-electron interactions and includes the off-diagonal interactions. It
is found that the effects of the off-diagonal interactions $W$ and $X$ on the
correlation energies are opposite, but the influence of $X$ on the correlation
energies is much stronger than that of $W$ on the correlation energies, and the
correlation energies decrease with increasing the screening effect.


title:
Superconducting properties of Fe-based layered superconductor
  LaO$_{0.9}$F$_{0.1-\delta}$FeAs

abstract:
  We have employed a new route to synthesize single phase F-doped LaOFeAs
compound and confirmed the superconductivity above 20 K in this Fe-based
system. We show that the new superconductor has a rather high upper critical
field of about 54 T. A clear signature of superconducting gap opening below
T$_c$ was observed in the far-infrared reflectance spectra, with
2$\Delta/\textit{k}T_c\approx$3.5-4.2. Furthermore, we show that the new
superconductor has electron-type conducting carrier with a rather low carrier
density.


title:
Discretization effects and the scalar meson correlator in mixed-action
  lattice simulations

abstract:
  We study discretization effects in a mixed-action lattice theory with
domain-wall valence quarks and Asqtad-improved staggered sea quarks. At the
level of the chiral effective Lagrangian, discretization effects in the
mixed-action theory give rise to two new parameters as compared to the lowest
order Lagrangian for staggered fermions -- the residual quark mass, m_res, and
the mixed valence-sea meson mass-splitting, Delta_mix. We find that the size of
m_res is approximately four times smaller than our lightest valence quark mass
on our coarser lattice spacing, and comparable to that of simulations by RBC
and UKQCD. We also find that the size of Delta_mix is comparable to the
smallest of the staggered meson taste-splittings measured by MILC. Because
lattice artifacts are different in the valence and sea sectors of the
mixed-action theory, they give rise to unitarity-violating effects that
disappear in the continuum limit. Such effects are expected to be mild for many
quantities of interest, but are significant in the case of the isovector scalar
(a_0) correlator. Specifically, once m_res, Delta_mix, and two other parameters
that can be determined from the light pseudoscalar spectrum are known, the
two-particle intermediate state "bubble" contribution to the scalar correlator
is completely predicted within mixed-action chiral perturbation theory
(MAChPT). We find that the behavior of the scalar meson correlator is
quantitatively consistent with the MAChPT prediction; this supports the claim
that MAChPT describes the dominant unitarity-violating effects in the
mixed-action theory and can be used to remove lattice artifacts and recover
physical quantities.


title:
Raman scattering in a Heisenberg {\boldmath $S=1/2$} antiferromagnet on
  the triangular lattice

abstract:
  We investigate two-magnon Raman scattering from the $S=1/2$ Heisenberg
antiferromagnet on the triangular lattice, considering both the effect of
renormalization of the one-magnon spectrum by 1/S corrections and final-state
magnon-magnon interactions. The bare Raman intensity displays two peaks related
to one-magnon van-Hove singularities. We find that 1/S self-energy corrections
to the one-magnon spectrum strongly modify this intensity profile. The central
Raman-peak is significantly enhanced due to plateaus in the magnon dispersion,
the high frequency peak is suppressed due to magnon damping, and the overall
spectral support narrows considerably. Additionally we investigate final-state
interactions by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation to $O(1/S)$. In contrast to
collinear antiferromagnets, the non-collinear nature of the magnetic ground
state leads to an irreducible magnon scattering which is retarded and
non-separable already to lowest order. We show that final-state interactions
lead to a rather broad Raman-continuum centered around approximately twice the
'roton'-energy. We also discuss the dependence on the scattering geometry.


title:
Non-thermal fixed points: effective weak-coupling for strongly
  correlated systems far from equilibrium

abstract:
  Strongly correlated systems far from equilibrium can exhibit scaling
solutions with a dynamically generated weak coupling. We show this by
investigating isolated systems described by relativistic quantum field theories
for initial conditions leading to nonequilibrium instabilities, such as
parametric resonance or spinodal decomposition. The non-thermal fixed points
prevent fast thermalization if classical-statistical fluctuations dominate over
quantum fluctuations. We comment on the possible significance of these results
for the heating of the early universe after inflation and the question of fast
thermalization in heavy-ion collision experiments.


title: On the mean square of the Riemann zeta-function in short intervals

abstract:
  It is proved that, for $T^\epsilon\le G = G(T) \le {1\over2}\sqrt{T}$, $$
\int_T^{2T}\Bigl(I_1(t+G)-I_1(t)\Bigr)^2 dt = TG\sum_{j=0}^3a_j\log^j
\Bigl({\sqrt{T}\over G}\Bigr) + O_\epsilon(T^{1+\epsilon}+ T^{1/2+\epsilon}G^2)
$$ with some explicitly computable constants $a_j (a_3>0)$ where, for a fixed
natural number $k$, $$I_k(t,G) = {1\over\sqrt{\pi}}\int_{-\infty}^\infty
|\zeta(1/2+it+iu)|^{2k} {\rm e}^{-(u/G)^2} du. $$ The generalizations to the
mean square of $I_1(t+U,G) - I_1(t,G)$ over $[T, T+H]$ and the estimation of
the mean square of $I_2(t+U,G)-I_2(t,G)$ are also discussed.


title: Semisimplicity of cellular algebras over positive characteristic fields

abstract:
  In this paper, we investigate semisimplicity of cellular algebras over
positive characteristic fields. Our main result shows that the Frame number of
cellular algebras characterizes semisimplicity of it. In a sense, this is a
generalization of Maschke's theorem.


title: On disjoint matchings in cubic graphs

abstract:
  For $i=2,3$ and a cubic graph $G$ let $\nu_{i}(G)$ denote the maximum number
of edges that can be covered by $i$ matchings. We show that $\nu_{2}(G)\geq
{4/5}| V(G)| $ and $\nu_{3}(G)\geq {7/6}| V(G)| $. Moreover, it turns out that
$\nu_{2}(G)\leq \frac{|V(G)|+2\nu_{3}(G)}{4}$.


title:
Towards new schemes: A Lie-group approach of the CBKDV and its derived
  equations

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to propose methods that enable us to build new
numerical schemes, which preserve the Lie symmetries of the original
differential equations. To this purpose, the compound Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries
(\textit{CBKDV}) equation is considered. The particular case of the Burgers
equation is taken as a numerical example, and the resulting semi-invariant
scheme is exposed.


title: An explicit d-bar-integration formula for weighted homogeneous varieties

abstract:
  Let Y be a weighted homogeneous (singular) subvariety of C^n. The main
objective of this paper is to present an explicit formula for solving the
d-bar-equation $f=\dbar{g}$ on the regular part of Y, where $f$ is a
d-bar-closed $(0,1)$-form with compact support. This formula will then be used
to give H\"older estimates for the solution in case $Y$ is homogeneous (a cone)
with an isolated singularity. Finally, a slight modification of our formula
also gives an $L^2$-bounded solution operator in case Y is pure dimensional and
homogeneous.


title:
A d-bar-theoretical proof of Hartogs' Extension Theorem on Stein spaces
  with isolated singularities

abstract:
  Let X be a connected normal Stein space of pure dimension d>=2 with isolated
singularities only. By solving a weighted d-bar-equation with compact support
on a desingularization of X, we derive Hartogs' Extension Theorem on X by the
d-bar-idea due to Ehrenpreis.


title:
Chemical Rates on Small Grains and PAHs: C^+ Recombination and H_2
  Formation

abstract:
  We use observations of the CI, CII, HI, and H_2 column densities along lines
of sight in the Galactic plane to determine the formation rate of H_2 on grains
and to determine chemical reaction rates with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.
Photodissociation region models are used to find the best fit parameters to the
observed columns. We find the H_2 formation rate on grains has a low rate (R ~
1 x 10^(-17) cm^(3) s^(-1)) along lines of sight with low column density (A_V <
0.25) and low molecular fraction (f_(H_2) < 10^(-4)). At higher column
densities (0.25 < A_V <2.13), we find a rate of R ~ 3.5x10^(-17) cm^(3) s^(-1).
The lower rate at low column densities could be the result of grain processing
by interstellar shocks which may deplete the grain surface area or process the
sites of H +H formation, thereby inhibiting H_2 production. Alternatively, the
formation rate may be normal, and the low molecular fraction may be the result
of lines of sight which graze larger clouds. Such lines of sight would have a
reduced H_2 self-shielding compared to the line-of-sight column. We find the
reaction C^+ +PAH^- --> C + PAH^0 is best fit with a rate 2.4 x 10^(-7)
\Phi_PAH T_2^(-0.5) cm^(3) s^(-1) with T_2= T/100 K and the reaction C^+ +
PAH^0 --> C + PAH^+ is best fit with a rate 8.8x 10^(-9)\Phi_PAH cm^(3) s^(-1).
In high column density gas we find \Phi_PAH ~ 0.4. In low column density gas,
\Phi_PAH is less well constrained with \Phi_PAH ~ 0.2 - 0.4.


title: General Relativistic Machian Universe

abstract:
  The Machian Universe, is usually described with Newtonian Physics, We give an
alternative General Relativistic picture for Mach's Universe. As such, we show
that, in the correct Machian limit, Schwarzschild's metric is coherent with
Robertson-Walker's, on condition that there be a cosmological constant, or the
Universe's rotation -- or both. It is now confirmed that the Universe is
accelerating, so the former condition applies. The latter was also confirmed
one more time with the recently discovered NASA space probes anomalies. From
Kerr-Lense-Thirring solution, we find an inverse scale-factor dependent angular
speed; we then, show that the cosmological "constant" may have Classically
originated from a centrifugal acceleration field.


title: Non-critical String Cosmologies

abstract:
  Non-critical String Cosmologies are offered as an alternative to Standard Big
Bang Cosmology. The new features encompassed within the dilaton dependent
non-critical terms affect the dynamics of the Universe\'s evolution in an
unconventional manner being in agreement with the cosmological data.
Non-criticality is responsible for a late transition to acceleration at
redshifts z=0.2. The role of the uncoupled rolling dilaton to relic abundance
calculations is discussed. The uncoupled rolling dilaton dilutes the neutralino
relic densities in supersymmetric theories by factors of ten, relaxing
considerably the severe WMAP Dark Matter constraints, while at the same time
leaves almost unaffected the baryon density in agreement with primordial
Nucleosynthesis.


title:
Teichmuller geometry of moduli space, I: Distance minimizing rays and
  the Deligne-Mumford compactification

abstract:
  Let $S$ be a closed, oriented surface with a finite (possibly empty) set of
points removed. In this paper we relate two important but disparate topics in
the study of the moduli space $\M(S)$ of Riemann surfaces: Teichm\"{u}ller
geometry and the Deligne-Mumford compactification. We reconstruct the
Deligne-Mumford compactification (as a metric stratified space) purely from the
intrinsic metric geometry of $\M(S)$ endowed with the Teichm\"{u}ller metric.
We do this by first classifying (globally) geodesic rays in $\M(S)$ and
determining precisely how pairs of rays asymptote. We construct an "iterated
EDM ray space" functor, which is defined on a quite general class of metric
spaces. We then prove that this functor applied to $\M(S)$ produces the
Deligne-Mumford compactification.


title:
Reconciling Semiclassical and Bohmian Mechanics: IV. Multisurface
  Dynamics

abstract:
  In previous articles [J. Chem. Phys. 121 4501 (2004), J. Chem. Phys. 124
034115 (2006), J. Chem. Phys. 124 034116 (2006)] a bipolar counter-propagating
wave decomposition, Psi = Psi+ + Psi-, was presented for stationary states Psi
of the one-dimensional Schrodinger equation, such that the components Psi+-
approach their semiclassical WKB analogs in the large action limit. The
corresponding bipolar quantum trajectories are classical-like and well-behaved,
even when Psi has many nodes, or is wildly oscillatory. In this paper, the
method is generalized for multisurface scattering applications, and applied to
several benchmark problems. A natural connection is established between
intersurface transitions and (+/-) transitions.


title: Reconciling Semiclassical and Bohmian Mechanics: V. Wavepacket Dynamics

abstract:
  In previous articles [J. Chem. Phys. 121 4501 (2004), J. Chem. Phys. 124
034115 (2006), J. Chem. Phys. 124 034116 (2006), J. Phys. Chem. A 111 10400
(2007)] a bipolar counter-propagating wave decomposition, Psi = Psi+ + Psi-,
was presented for stationary states Psi of the one-dimensional Schrodinger
equation, such that the components Psi+- approach their semiclassical WKB
analogs in the large action limit. The corresponding bipolar quantum
trajectories are classical-like and well-behaved, even when Psi has many nodes,
or is wildly oscillatory. In this paper, the method is generalized for
time-dependent wavepacket dynamics applications, and applied to several
benchmark problems, including multisurface systems with nonadiabatic coupling.


title: B and not L in supersymmetry: new U(1) gauge symmetry and dark matter

abstract:
  To enforce the conservation of baryon number B and not lepton number L in
supersymmetry, a new U(1)_X gauge symmetry is recommended. An example is
offered with new particles interacting under U(1)_X which are good candidates
for the dark matter of the Universe.


title: On q-deformed gl(l+1)-Whittaker function

abstract:
  We propose new explicit form of q-deformed Whittaker functions solving
q-deformed gl(l+1)-Toda chains. In the limit q->1 constructed solutions reduce
to classical class one gl(l+1)-Whittaker functions in the form proposed by
Givental. An important property of the proposed expression for the q-deformed
gl(l+1)-Whittaker function is that it can be represented as a character of C*x
GL(l+1). This provides a q-version of the Shintani-Casselman-Shalika formula
for p-adic Whittaker function. The Shintani-Casselman-Shalika formula is
recovered in the limit q->0 when the q-deformed Whittaker function is reduced
to a character of a finite-dimensional representation of gl(l+1) expressed
through Gelfand-Zetlin bases.


title:
Polynomial time algorithms for bi-criteria, multi-objective and ratio
  problems in clustering and imaging. Part I: Normalized cut and ratio regions

abstract:
  Partitioning and grouping of similar objects plays a fundamental role in
image segmentation and in clustering problems. In such problems a typical goal
is to group together similar objects, or pixels in the case of image
processing. At the same time another goal is to have each group distinctly
dissimilar from the rest and possibly to have the group size fairly large.
These goals are often combined as a ratio optimization problem. One example of
such problem is the normalized cut problem, another is the ratio regions
problem. We devise here the first polynomial time algorithms solving these
problems optimally. The algorithms are efficient and combinatorial. This
contrasts with the heuristic approaches used in the image segmentation
literature that formulate those problems as nonlinear optimization problems,
which are then relaxed and solved with spectral techniques in real numbers.
These approaches not only fail to deliver an optimal solution, but they are
also computationally expensive. The algorithms presented here use as a
subroutine a minimum $s,t-cut procedure on a related graph which is of
polynomial size. The output consists of the optimal solution to the respective
ratio problem, as well as a sequence of nested solution with respect to any
relative weighting of the objectives of the numerator and denominator.
  An extension of the results here to bi-criteria and multi-criteria objective
functions is presented in part II.


title: Numerical Simulations Unravel the Cosmic Web

abstract:
  The universe is permeated by a network of filaments, sheets, and knots
collectively forming a "cosmic web.'' The discovery of the cosmic web,
especially through its signature of absorption of light from distant sources by
neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium, exemplifies the interplay between
theory and experiment that drives science, and is one of the great examples in
which numerical simulations have played a key and decisive role. We recount the
milestones in our understanding of cosmic structure, summarize its impact on
astronomy, cosmology, and physics, and look ahead by outlining the challenges
faced as we prepare to probe the cosmic web at new wavelengths.


title: Global analytic geometry

abstract:
  We define a new type of valuation of a ring that combines the notion of Krull
valuation with that of multiplicative seminorm. This definition partially
restores the broken symmetry between archimedean and non-archimedean
valuations. This also allows us to define a notion of global analytic space
that reconciles Berkovich's notion of analytic space of a (Banach) ring with
Huber's notion of non-archimedean analytic space. After defining natural
generalized valuation spectra and computing the spectrum of Z and Z[X], we
define analytic spectra and sheaves of analytic functions on them.


title: Statistical Mechanics of the Quantum K-Satisfiability problem

abstract:
  We study the quantum version of the random $K$-Satisfiability problem in the
presence of the external magnetic field $\Gamma$ applied in the transverse
direction. We derive the replica-symmetric free energy functional within static
approximation and the saddle-point equation for the order parameter: the
distribution $P[h(m)]$ of functions of magnetizations. The order parameter is
interpreted as the histogram of probability distributions of individual
magnetizations. In the limit of zero temperature and small transverse fields,
to leading order in $\Gamma$ magnetizations $m \approx 0$ become relevant in
addition to purely classical values of $m \approx \pm 1$. Self-consistency
equations for the order parameter are solved numerically using Quasi Monte
Carlo method for K=3. It is shown that for an arbitrarily small $\Gamma$
quantum fluctuations destroy the phase transition present in the classical
limit $\Gamma=0$, replacing it with a smooth crossover transition. The
implications of this result with respect to the expected performance of quantum
optimization algorithms via adiabatic evolution are discussed. The
replica-symmetric solution of the classical random $K$-Satisfiability problem
is briefly revisited. It is shown that the phase transition at T=0 predicted by
the replica-symmetric theory is of continuous type with atypical critical
exponents.


title: Perelman, Poincare, and the Ricci Flow

abstract:
  In this expository article, we introduce the topological ideas and context
central to the Poincare Conjecture. Our account is intended for a general
audience, providing intuitive definitions and spatial intuition whenever
possible. We define surfaces and their natural generalizations, manifolds. We
then discuss the classification of surfaces as it relates to the Poincare and
Thurston Geometrization conjectures. Finally, we survey Perelman's results on
Ricci flows with surgery.


title: Gravitational Field of a Spinning Cosmic String

abstract:
  We study the effect of internal space rotation on the gravitational
properties of infinite straight and stationary cosmic string. From the
approximate solution of Einsten equations for the spinning Q-lump string we
obtain long range gravitational accelleration resembling that of a rotating
massive cylindrical shell. We also compute the angular velocity of the inertial
frame dragging and the angle of light deflection by the Q-lump string. Matter
accretion on to spinning strings can play a role in galaxy formation when the
angular velocity times the string width is comparable to the speed of light.


title:
About the d-bar-equation at isolated singularities with regular
  exceptional set

abstract:
  Let Y be a pure dimensional analytic variety in C^n with an isolated
singularity at the origin such that the exceptional set X of a
desingularization of Y is regular. The main objective of this paper is to
present a technique which allows to determine obstructions to the solvability
of the d-bar-equation in the $L^2$ respectively $L^\infty$ sense on Y^*=Y-{0}
in terms of certain cohomology classes on X. More precisely, let D be a Stein
domain, relatively compact in Y, containing the origin, D^*=D-{0}. We give a
sufficient condition for the solvability of the d-bar-equation in the
$L^2$-sense on D^*; and in the $L^\infty$ sense, if D is in addition strongly
pseudoconvex. If Y is an irreducible cone, we also give some necessary
conditions and obtain optimal Hoelder estimates for solutions of the
d-bar-equation.


title: The conditioned reconstructed process

abstract:
  We investigate a neutral model for speciation and extinction, the constant
rate birth-death process. The process is conditioned to have $n$ extant species
today, we look at the tree distribution of the reconstructed trees-- i.e. the
trees without the extinct species. Whereas the tree shape distribution is
well-known and actually the same as under the pure birth process, no analytic
results for the speciation times were known. We provide the distribution for
the speciation times and calculate the expectations analytically. This
characterizes the reconstructed trees completely. We will show how the results
can be used to date phylogenies.


title:
Non-leptonic annihilation decays of B mesons with a natural infrared
  cutoff

abstract:
  Within the QCD factorization approach we compute the amplitudes for
annihilation channels of B mesons decays into final states containing two
pseudoscalar particles. These decays may be plagued by effects like
non-perturbative physics or breaking of the factorization hypothesis and imply,
at some extent, the introduction of an infrared cutoff in the calculation of
amplitudes. We compute the decays with the help of infrared finite gluon
propagators and coupling constants that were obtained in different solutions of
the QCD Schwinger-Dyson equations. These solutions yield a natural cutoff for
the amplitudes, and we argue that a systematic study of these B decays may
provide a test for the QCD infrared behavior.


title:
Sub-Shot-Noise Quantum Optical Interferometry: A Comparison of Entangled
  State Performance within a Unified Measurement Scheme

abstract:
  Phase measurement using a lossless Mach-Zehnder interferometer with certain
entangled $N$-photon states can lead to a phase sensitivity of the order of
1/N, the Heisenberg limit. However, previously considered output measurement
schemes are different for different input states to achieve this limit. We show
that it is possible to achieve this limit just by the parity measurement for
all the commonly proposed entangled states. Based on the parity measurement
scheme, the reductions of the phase sensitivity in the presence of photon loss
are examined for the various input states.


title: How to Play Dundee

abstract:
  We consider the following one-player game called Dundee. We are given a deck
consisting of s_i cards of Value i, where i=1,...,v, and an integer m\le
s_1+...+s_v. There are m rounds. In each round, the player names a number
between 1 and v and draws a random card from the deck. The player loses if the
named number coincides with the drawn value in at least one round.
  The famous Problem of Thirteen, proposed by Monmort in 1708, asks for the
probability of winning in the case when v=13, s_1=...=s_{13}=4, m=13, and the
player names the sequence 1,...,13. This problem and its various
generalizations were studied by numerous mathematicians, including J. and N.
Bernoulli, De Moivre, Euler, Catalan, and others.
  However, it seems that nobody has considered which strategies of the player
maximize the probability of winning. We study two variants of this problem. In
the first variant, the player's bid in Round i may depend on the values of the
random cards drawn in the previous rounds. We completely solve this version. In
the second variant, the player has to specify the whole sequence of m bids in
advance, before turning any cards. We are able to solve this problem when
s_1=...=s_v and m is arbitrary.


title: Conservative Constraints on Dark Matter Annihilation into Gamma Rays

abstract:
  Using gamma-ray data from observations of the Milky Way, Andromeda (M31), and
the cosmic background, we calculate conservative upper limits on the dark
matter self-annihilation cross section to monoenergetic gamma rays, <sigma_A
v>_{gamma gamma}, over a wide range of dark matter masses. (In fact, over most
of this range, our results are unchanged if one considers just the branching
ratio to gamma rays with energies within a factor of a few of the endpoint at
the dark matter mass.) If the final-state branching ratio to gamma rays,
Br(gamma gamma), were known, then <sigma_A v>_{gamma gamma} / Br(gamma gamma)
would define an upper limit on the total cross section; we conservatively
assume Br(gamma gamma) > 10^{-4}. An upper limit on the total cross section can
also be derived by considering the appearance rates of any Standard Model
particles; in practice, this limit is defined by neutrinos, which are the least
detectable. For intermediate dark matter masses, gamma-ray-based and
neutrino-based upper limits on the total cross section are comparable, while
the gamma-ray limit is stronger for small masses and the neutrino limit is
stronger for large masses. We comment on how these results depend on the
assumptions about astrophysical inputs and annihilation final states, and how
GLAST and other gamma-ray experiments can improve upon them.


title: Heterotic Flux Tubes in N=2 SQCD with N=1 Preserving Deformations

abstract:
  We consider non-Abelian BPS-saturated flux tubes (strings) in N=2
supersymmetric QCD deformed by superpotential terms of a special type breaking
N=2 supersymmetry down to N=1. Previously it was believed that worldsheet
supersymmetry is "accidentally" enhanced due to the facts that N =(1,1) SUSY is
automatically elevated up to N=(2,2) on CP(N-1) and, at the same time, there
are no N=(0,2) generalizations of the bosonic CP(N-1) model. Edalati and Tong
noted that the target space is in fact CP(N-1) x C rather than CP(N-1). This
allowed them to suggest a "heterotic" N=(0,2) sigma model, with the CP(N-1)
target space for bosonic fields and an extra right-handed fermion which couples
to the fermion fields of the N=(2,2) CP(N-1) model. We derive the heterotic
N=(0,2) worldsheet model directly from the bulk theory. The relation between
the bulk and worldsheet deformation parameters we obtain does not coincide with
that suggested by Edalati and Tong at large values of the deformation
parameter. For polynomial deformation superpotentials in the bulk we find
nonpolynomial response in the worldsheet model. We find a geometric
representation for the heterotic model. Supersymmetry is proven to be
spontaneously broken for small deformations (at the quantum level). This
confirms Tong's conjecture. A proof valid for large deformations will be
presented in the subsequent publication.


title: Towards a Spreadsheet Engineering

abstract:
  In this paper, we report some on-going focused research, but are further keen
to set it in the context of a proposed bigger picture, as follows. There is a
certain depressing pattern about the attitude of industry to spreadsheet error
research and a certain pattern about conferences highlighting these issues. Is
it not high time to move on from measuring spreadsheet errors to developing an
armoury of disciplines and controls? In short, we propose the need to
rigorously lay the foundations of a spreadsheet engineering discipline.
Clearly, multiple research teams would be required to tackle such a big task.
This suggests the need for both national and international collaborative
research, since any given group can only address a small segment of the whole.
There are already a small number of examples of such on-going international
collaborative research. Having established the need for a directed research
effort, the rest of the paper then attempts to act as an exemplar in
demonstrating and applying this focus. With regard to one such of research, in
a recent paper, Panko (2005) stated that: "...group development and testing
appear to be promising areas to pursue". Of particular interest to us are some
gaps in the published research record on techniques to reduce errors. We
further report on the topics: techniques for cross-checking, time constraints
effects, and some aspects of developer perception.


title: A Bound for Orders in Differential Nullstellensatz

abstract:
  We give the first known bound for orders of differentiations in differential
Nullstellensatz for both partial and ordinary algebraic differential equations.
This problem was previously addressed by A. Seidenberg but no complete solution
was given. Our result is a complement to the corresponding result in algebraic
geometry, which gives a bound on degrees of polynomial coefficients in
effective Nullstellensatz.


title:
Galaxy Pairs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey I: Star Formation, AGN
  Fraction, and the Luminosity/Mass-Metallicity Relation

abstract:
  (Abridged). We present a sample of 1716 galaxies with companions within Delta
v < 500 km/s, r_p < 80 kpc and stellar mass ratio 0.1 < M_1/M_2 < 10 from the
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 4 (DR4). In agreement with
previous studies, we find an enhancement in the star formation rate (SFR) of
galaxy pairs at projected separations < 30--40 kpc. In addition, we find that
this enhancement is highest (and extends to the greatest separations) for
galaxies of approximately equal mass, the so-called `major' pairs. However, SFR
enhancement can still be detected for a sample of galaxy pairs whose masses are
within a factor of 10 of each other. In agreement with the one previous study
of the luminosity-metallicity (LZ) relation in paired galaxies, we find an
offset to lower metallicities (by ~ 0.1 dex) for a given luminosity for
galaxies in pairs compared to the control sample. We also present the first
mass-metallicity (MZ) relation comparison between paired galaxies and the
field, and again find an offset to lower metallicities (by ~ 0.05 dex) for a
given mass. The smaller offset in the MZ relation indicates that both higher
luminosities and lower metallicities may contribute to the shift of pairs
relative to the control in the LZ relation. We show that the offset in the LZ
relation depends on galaxy half light radius, r_h. Galaxies with r_h < 3 kpc
and with a close companion show a 0.05-0.1 dex downwards offset in metallicity
compared to control galaxies of the same size. Finally, we study the AGN
fraction in both the pair and control sample and find that whilst selecting
galaxies in different cuts of color and asymmetry yields different AGN
fractions, the fraction for pairs and the control sample are consistent for a
given set of selection criteria.


title:
A Software Development Methodology for Research and Prototyping in
  Financial Markets

abstract:
  The objective of this paper is to develop a standardized methodology for
software development in the very unique industry and culture of financial
markets. The prototyping process we present allows the development team to
deliver for review and comment intermediate-level models based upon clearly
defined customer requirements. This spreadsheet development methodology is
presented within a larger business context, that of trading system development,
the subject of an upcoming book by the authors of this paper.


title:
Rapid Spreadsheet Reshaping with Excelsior: multiple drastic changes to
  content and layout are easy when you represent enough structure

abstract:
  Spreadsheets often need changing in ways made tedious and risky by Excel. For
example: simultaneously altering many tables' size, orientation, and position;
inserting cross-tabulations; moving data between sheets; splitting and merging
sheets. A safer, faster restructuring tool is, we claim, Excelsior. The result
of a research project into reducing spreadsheet risk, Excelsior is the first
ever tool for modularising spreadsheets; i.e. for building them from components
which can be independently created, tested, debugged, and updated. It
represents spreadsheets in a way that makes these components explicit,
separates them from layout, and allows both components and layout to be changed
without breaking dependent formulae. Here, we report experiments to test that
this does indeed make such changes easier. In one, we automatically generated a
cross-tabulation and added it to a spreadsheet. In the other, we generated new
versions of a 10,000-cell housing-finance spreadsheet containing many
interconnected 20*40 tables. We varied table sizes from 5*10 to 200*2,000;
moved tables between sheets; and flipped table orientations. Each change
generated a spreadsheet with different structure but identical outputs; each
change took just a few minutes.


title:
Considering Functional Spreadsheet Operator Usage Suggests the Value of
  Example Driven Modelling for Decision Support Systems

abstract:
  Most spreadsheet surveys both for reporting use and error focus on the
practical application of the spreadsheet in a particular industry. Typically
these studies will illustrate that a particular percentage of spreadsheets are
used for optimisation and a further percentage are used for 'What if' analysis.
Much less common is examining the classes of function, as defined by the
vendor, used by modellers to build their spreadsheet models. This alternative
analysis allows further insight into the programming nature of spreadsheets and
may assist researchers in targeting particular structures in spreadsheet
software for further investigation. Further, understanding the functional
make-up of spreadsheets allows effective evaluation of novel approaches from a
programming point of view. It allows greater insight into studies that report
what spreadsheets are used for since it is explicit which functional structures
are in use in spreadsheets. We conclude that a deeper understanding of the use
of operators and the operator's relationship to error would provide fresh
insight into the spreadsheet error problem. Considering functional spreadsheet
operator usage suggests the value of Example Driven Modelling for Decision
Support Systems


title: Documenting Spreadsheets

abstract:
  This paper discusses spreadsheets documentation and new means to achieve this
end by using Excel's built-in "Comment" function. By structuring comments, they
can be used as an essential tool to fully explain spreadsheet. This will
greatly facilitate spreadsheet change control, risk management and auditing. It
will fill a crucial gap in corporate governance by adding essential information
that can be managed in order to satisfy internal controls and accountability
standards.


title: Spreadsheet Validation and Analysis through Content Visualization

abstract:
  Visualizing spreadsheet content provides analytic insight and visual
validation of large amounts of spreadsheet data. Oculus Excel Visualizer is a
point and click data visualization experiment which directly visualizes Excel
data and re-uses the layout and formatting already present in the spreadsheet.


title:
Does an awareness of differing types of spreadsheet errors aid end-users
  in identifying spreadsheets errors?

abstract:
  The research presented in this paper establishes a valid, and simplified,
revision of previous spreadsheet error classifications. This investigation is
concerned with the results of a web survey and two web-based gender and
domain-knowledge free spreadsheet error identification exercises. The
participants of the survey and exercises were a test group of professionals
(all of whom regularly use spreadsheets) and a control group of students from
the University of Greenwich (UK). The findings show that over 85% of users are
also the spreadsheet's developer, supporting the revised spreadsheet error
classification. The findings also show that spreadsheet error identification
ability is directly affected both by spreadsheet experience and by error-type
awareness. In particular, that spreadsheet error-type awareness significantly
improves the user's ability to identify, the more surreptitious, qualitative
error.


title:
Comparison of Characteristics and Practices amongst Spreadsheet Users
  with Different Levels of Experience

abstract:
  We developed an internet-based questionnaire on spreadsheet use that we
administered to a large number of users in several companies and organizations
to document how spreadsheets are currently being developed and used in
business. In this paper, we discuss the results drawn from of a comparison of
responses from individuals with the most experience and expertise with those
from individuals with the least. These results describe two views of
spreadsheet design and use in organizations, and reflect gaps between these two
groups and between these groups and the entire population of nearly 1600
respondents. Moreover, our results indicate that these gaps have multiple
dimensions: they reflect not only the context, skill, and practices of
individual users but also the policies of large organizations.


title:
An Investigation of the Incidence and Effect of Spreadsheet Errors
  Caused by the Hard Coding of Input Data Values into Formulas

abstract:
  The hard coding of input data or constants into spreadsheet formulas is
widely recognised as poor spreadsheet model design. However, the importance of
avoiding such practice appears to be underestimated perhaps in light of the
lack of quantitative error at the time of occurrence and the recognition that
this design defect may never result in a bottom-line error. The paper examines
both the academic and practitioner view of such hard coding design flaws. The
practitioner or industry viewpoint is gained indirectly through a review of
commercial spreadsheet auditing software. The development of an automated
(electronic) means for detecting such hard coding is described together with a
discussion of some results obtained through analysis of a number of student and
practitioner spreadsheet models.


title:
Application of Synchronization to Formation Flying Spacecraft:
  Lagrangian Approach

abstract:
  This article presents a unified synchronization framework with application to
precision formation flying spacecraft. Central to the proposed innovation, in
applying synchronization to both translational and rotational dynamics in the
Lagrangian form, is the use of the distributed stability and performance
analysis tool, called contraction analysis that yields exact nonlinear
stability proofs. The proposed decentralized tracking control law synchronizes
the attitude of an arbitrary number of spacecraft into a common time-varying
trajectory with global exponential convergence. Moreover, a decentralized
translational tracking control law based on phase synchronization is presented,
thus enabling coupled translational and rotational maneuvers. While the
translational dynamics can be adequately controlled by linear control laws, the
proposed method permits highly nonlinear systems with nonlinearly coupled
inertia matrices such as the attitude dynamics of spacecraft whose large and
rapid slew maneuvers justify the nonlinear control approach. The proposed
method integrates both the trajectory tracking and synchronization problems in
a single control framework.


title:
Contrast Mechanisms for the Detection of Ferroelectric Domains with
  Scanning Force Microscopy

abstract:
  We present a full analysis of the contrast mechanisms for the detection of
ferroelectric domains on all faces of bulk single crystals using scanning force
microscopy exemplified on hexagonally poled lithium niobate. The domain
contrast can be attributed to three different mechanisms: i) the thickness
change of the sample due to an out-of-plane piezoelectric response (standard
piezoresponse force microscopy), ii) the lateral displacement of the sample
surface due to an in-plane piezoresponse, and iii) the electrostatic tip-sample
interaction at the domain boundaries caused by surface charges on the
crystallographic y- and z-faces. A careful analysis of the movement of the
cantilever with respect to its orientation relative to the crystallographic
axes of the sample allows a clear attribution of the observed domain contrast
to the driving forces respectively.


title: Asymmetric Ejecta Distribution of the Cygnus Loop revealed with Suzaku

abstract:
  We observed a linearly sliced area of the Cygnus Loop from the north-east to
the south-west with Suzaku in seven pointings. After dividing the entire fields
of view (FOV) into 119 cells, we extracted spectra from all of the cells and
performed spectral analysis for them. We then applied both one- and
two-component non-equilibrium ionization (NEI) models for all of the spectra,
finding that almost all were significantly better fitted by the two-component
NEI model rather than the one-component NEI model. Judging from the abundances,
the high-kT_e component must be the ejecta component, while the low-kT_e
component comes from the swept-up matter. Therefore, the ejecta turn out to be
distributed inside a large area (at least our FOV) of the Cygnus Loop. We
divided the entire FOV into northern and southern parts, and found that the
ejecta distributions were asymmetric to the geometric center: the ejecta of Si,
S, and Fe seem to be distributed more in the south than in the north of the
Cygnus Loop by a factor of about 2. The degree of ejecta-asymmetry is
consistent with that expected by recent supernova explosion models.


title:
Abundance Inhomogeneity in the Northeastern Rim of the Cygnus Loop
  Revealed by Suzaku Observatory

abstract:
  We present the results of a spatially resolved spectral analysis from four
Suzaku observations covering the northeastern rim of the Cygnus Loop. A
two-kT_e non-ionization equilibrium (NEI) model fairly well represents our
data, which confirms the NEI condition of the plasma there. The metal
abundances are depleted relative to the solar values almost everywhere in our
field of view. We find abundance inhomogeneities across the field: the
northernmost region (Region A) has enhanced absolute abundances compared with
other regions. In addition, the relative abundances of Mg/O and Fe/O in Region
A are lower than the solar values, while those in the other regions are twice
higher than the solar values. As far as we are concerned, neither a
circumstellar medium, fragments of ejecta, nor abundance inhomogeneities of the
local interstellar medium around the Cygnus Loop can explain the relatively
enhanced abundance in Region A. This point is left as an open question for
future work.


title: Ferromagnetic Pairing States on Two-Coupled Chains

abstract:
  We propose a concrete model which exhibits ferromagnetism and electron-pair
condensation simultaneously. The model is defined on two chains and consists of
the electron hopping term, the on-site Coulomb repulsion, and a ferromagnetic
interaction which describes ferromagnetic coupling between two electrons, one
on a bond in a chain and the other on a site in the other chain. It is
rigorously shown that the model has fullypolarized ferromagnetic pairing ground
states. The higher dimensional version of the model is also presented.


title: Is gluonic color-spin locked phase stable?

abstract:
  We study the gluonic color-spin locked (GCSL) phase in dense two-flavor quark
matter. In this phase, the color and spatial rotational symmetries are
spontaneously broken down to SO(2)_{diag} with the generator being an
appropriate linear combination of the color and rotational ones. The Meissner
masses of gluons and the mass of the radial mode of the diquark field in the
GCSL phase are calculated and it is shown that this phase is free from the
chromomagnetic and Sarma instabilities in the whole parameter region where it
exists. The GCSL phase describes an anisotropic color and electromagnetic
superconducting medium. Because most of the initial symmetries in this phase
are spontaneously broken, its dynamics is very rich.


title: Reformulating SU(N) Yang-Mills theory based on change of variables

abstract:
  We propose a new version of SU(N) Yang-Mills theory reformulated in terms of
new field variables which are obtained by a nonlinear change of variables from
the original Yang-Mills gauge field. The reformulated Yang-Mills theory enables
us to study the low-energy dynamics by explicitly extracting the topological
degrees of freedom such as magnetic monopoles and vortices to clarify the
mechanism for quark confinement.
  The dual superconductivity in Yang-Mills theory is understood in a
gauge-invariant manner, as demonstrated recently by a non-Abelian Stokes
theorem for the Wilson loop operator, although the basic idea of this
reformulation is based on the Cho-Faddeev-Niemi decomposition of the gauge
potential.


title:
Dependence of far-field characteristics on the number of lasing modes in
  stadium-shaped InGaAsP microlasers

abstract:
  We study spectral and far-field characteristics of lasing emission from
stadium-shaped semiconductor (InGaAsP) microlasers. We demonstrate that the
correspondence between a lasing far-field emission pattern and the result of a
ray simulation becomes better as the number of lasing modes increases. This
phenomenon is reproduced in the wave calculation of the cavity modes.


title:
Ginzburg-Landau Polynomials and the Asymptotic Behavior of the
  Magnetization Near Critical and Tricritical Points

abstract:
  For the mean-field version of an important lattice-spin model due to Blume
and Capel, we prove unexpected connections among the asymptotic behavior of the
magnetization, the structure of the phase transitions, and a class of
polynomials that we call the Ginzburg-Landau polynomials. The model depends on
the parameters n, beta, and K, which represent, respectively, the number of
spins, the inverse temperature, and the interaction strength. Our main focus is
on the asymptotic behavior of the magnetization m(beta_n,K_n) for appropriate
sequences (beta_n,K_n) that converge to a second-order point or to the
tricritical point of the model and that lie inside various subsets of the
phase-coexistence region. The main result states that as (beta_n,K_n) converges
to one of these points (beta,K), m(beta_n,K_n) ~ c |beta - beta_n|^gamma --> 0.
In this formula gamma is a positive constant, and c is the unique positive,
global minimum point of a certain polynomial g that we call the Ginzburg-Landau
polynomial. This polynomial arises as a limit of appropriately scaled
free-energy functionals, the global minimum points of which define the
phase-transition structure of the model. For each sequence (beta_n,K_n) under
study, the structure of the global minimum points of the associated
Ginzburg-Landau polynomial mirrors the structure of the global minimum points
of the free-energy functional in the region through which (beta_n,K_n) passes
and thus reflects the phase-transition structure of the model in that region.
The properties of the Ginzburg-Landau polynomials make rigorous the predictions
of the Ginzburg-Landau phenomenology of critical phenomena, and the asymptotic
formula for m(beta_n,K_n) makes rigorous the heuristic scaling theory of the
tricritical point.


title: Rank Two Sheaves on K3 Surfaces: A Special Construction

abstract:
  Let X be a K3 surface of degree 8 in P^5 with hyperplane section H. We
associate to it another K3 surface M which is a double cover of P^2 ramified on
a sextic curve C. In the generic case when X is smooth and a complete
intersection of three quadrics, there is a natural correspondence between M and
the moduli space M' of rank two vector bundles on X with Chern classes c_1=H
and c_2=4. We build on previous work of Mukai and others, giving conditions and
examples where M' is fine, compact, non-empty; and birational or isomorphic to
M. We also present an explicit calculation of the Fourier-Mukai transform when
X contains a line and has Picard number two.


title: Chiral currents and static properties of nucleons in holographic QCD

abstract:
  We analyze static properties of nucleons in the two flavor holographic QCD
model of Sakai and Sugimoto described effectively by a five-dimensional U(2)
Yang-Mills theory with the Chern-Simons term on a curved background. The
baryons are represented in this model as a soliton, which at a time slice is
approximately the BPST instanton with a fixed size. First, we construct a
chiral current in four dimensions from the Noether current of local gauge
transformations which are non-vanishing on the boundaries of the extra
dimension. We examine this chiral current for nucleons with quantized
collective coordinates to compute their charge distribution, charge radii,
magnetic moments and axial vector coupling. Most of the results are better
close to the experimental values than in the Skyrme model. We discuss the
problems of our chiral current; non-uniqueness of the local gauge
transformation for defining the current, and its gauge-noninvariance.


title: On the energy of homogeneous cosmologies

abstract:
  An energy for the homogeneous cosmological models is presented. More
specifically, using an appropriate natural prescription, we find the energy
within any region with any gravitational source for a large class of gravity
theories--namely those with a tetrad description--for all 9 Bianchi types. Our
energy is given by the value of the Hamiltonian with homogeneous boundary
conditions; this value vanishes for all regions in all Bianchi class A models,
and it does not vanish for any class B model. This is so not only for
Einstein's general relativity but, moreover, for the whole 3-parameter class of
tetrad-teleparallel theories. For the physically favored one parameter
subclass, which includes the teleparallel equivalent of Einstein's theory as an
important special case, the energy for all class B models is, contrary to
expectation, negative.


title:
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of the Staggered Dirac Operator at Finite
  Temperature

abstract:
  We examine the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the staggered Dirac operator
on thermal ensembles created in QCD with two flavours of staggered quarks. We
see that across the phase transition a gap opens in the spectrum. For finite
volume lattices in the low-temperature phase the eigenvectors are extended, but
generic field configurations in the high temperature phase give rise to
localized eigenstates. We examine measures of the stability of such
localization and find that at finite volumes localization occurs through Mott's
mechanism of the formation of mobility edges. However, the band gap between the
localized and extended states seem to scale to zero in the limit of large
volume.


title: Optimal control of atom transport for quantum gates in optical lattices

abstract:
  By means of optimal control techniques we model and optimize the manipulation
of the external quantum state (center-of-mass motion) of atoms trapped in
adjustable optical potentials. We consider in detail the cases of both non
interacting and interacting atoms moving between neighboring sites in a lattice
of a double-well optical potentials. Such a lattice can perform
interaction-mediated entanglement of atom pairs and can realize two-qubit
quantum gates. The optimized control sequences for the optical potential allow
transport faster and with significantly larger fidelity than is possible with
processes based on adiabatic transport.


title: Two- and three-alpha systems with nonlocal potential

abstract:
  Two body data alone cannot determine the potential uniquely, one needs
three-body data as well. A method is presented here which simultaneously fits
local or nonlocal potentials to two-body and three-body observables. The
interaction of composite particles, due to the Pauli effect and the
indistinguishability of the constituent particles, is genuinely nonlocal. As an
example, we use a Pauli-correct nonlocal fish-bone type optical model for the
$\alpha-\alpha$ potential and derive the fitting parameters such that it
reproduces the two-$\alpha$ and three-$\alpha$ experimental data.


title:
The weight in a Serre-type conjecture for tame n-dimensional Galois
  representations

abstract:
  We formulate a Serre-type conjecture for n-dimensional Galois representations
that are tamely ramified at p. The weights are predicted using a
representation-theoretic recipe. For n = 3 some of these weights were not
predicted by the previous conjecture of Ash, Doud, Pollack, and Sinnott.
Computational evidence for these extra weights is provided by calculations of
Doud and Pollack. We obtain theoretical evidence for n = 4 using automorphic
inductions of Hecke characters.


title: eta' meson From Two Flavor Dynamical Domain Wall Fermions

abstract:
  We explore flavor singlet pseudoscalar meson, eta', spectrum in two-flavor
(Nf=2) lattice QCD. The continuum-like relation between the topology of the QCD
vacuum and the U(1)_A anomaly, that prevents eta' meson from being a would-be
Nambu-Goldstone boson, are expected to hold in the domain wall fermions (DWF)
used as a lattice quark field in this work. Although our simulation is limited
to relatively heavy quark masses and statistical error is not magnificently
small despite of improvements in measurements and fit procedures for meson
propagators, we obtained m_eta'=819(127) MeV for Nf=2 QCD, where the error is
statistical only. Potentially serious systematic error in the number are
discussed. Results for other meson are also reported.


title:
Difference between interaction cross sections and reaction cross
  sections

abstract:
  We revisit the commonly accepted notion that the difference between
interaction and reaction cross sections is negligible at relativistic energies,
and show that, especially in small mass number region, it is large enough to
help probe nuclear structure. For analyses of the difference, we construct
"pseudo data" for the reaction cross sections using a phenomenological
black-sphere model of nuclei since empirical data are very limited at high
energies. The comparison with the empirical interaction cross sections suggests
a significant difference between the reaction and interaction cross sections
for stable projectiles on a carbon target, which is of the order of 0-100 mb.


title:
Decay of Color Gauge Fields in Heavy Ion Collisions and Nielsen-Olesen
  Instability

abstract:
  We analyze the behavior of unstable modes in the glasma produced in high
energy heavy ion collisions, using a simple model with effective homogeneous
longitudinal color electric and magnetic fields. The unstable modes are
approximately described as Nielsen-Olesen unstable modes under the homogeneous
longitudinal gauge fields. We find that the Nielsen-Olesen unstable modes show
properties very similar to those of the exponentially increasing unstable modes
in the glasma recently shown by Romatschke and Venugopalan. Although initial
gauge fields in the glasma are much stronger than the ones in our model, they
decay with the production of the Nielsen-Olesen unstable modes. We discuss why
we can reproduce the features of the glasma by using the effective homogeneous
weak magnetic fields. Our analysis supports an idea that the decay of the gauge
fields in the glasma is caused by Nielsen-Olesen instability.


title: Quiescence of Self-stabilizing Gossiping among Mobile Agents in Graphs

abstract:
  This paper considers gossiping among mobile agents in graphs: agents move on
the graph and have to disseminate their initial information to every other
agent. We focus on self-stabilizing solutions for the gossip problem, where
agents may start from arbitrary locations in arbitrary states.
Self-stabilization requires (some of the) participating agents to keep moving
forever, hinting at maximizing the number of agents that could be allowed to
stop moving eventually. This paper formalizes the self-stabilizing agent gossip
problem, introduces the quiescence number (i.e., the maximum number of
eventually stopping agents) of self-stabilizing solutions and investigates the
quiescence number with respect to several assumptions related to agent
anonymity, synchrony, link duplex capacity, and whiteboard capacity.


title:
Crackling dynamics in material failure as the signature of a
  self-organized dynamic phase transition

abstract:
  We derive here a linear elastic stochastic description for slow crack growth
in heterogeneous materials. This approach succeeds in reproducing
quantitatively the intermittent crackling dynamics observed recently during the
slow propagation of a crack along a weak heterogeneous plane of a transparent
Plexiglas block [M{\aa}l{\o}y {\it et al.}, PRL {\bf 96} 045501]. In this
description, the quasi-static failure of heterogeneous media appears as a
self-organized critical phase transition. As such, it exhibits universal and to
some extent predictable scaling laws, analogue to that of other systems like
for example magnetization noise in ferromagnets.


title:
Euler-like modelling of dense granular flows: application to a rotating
  drum

abstract:
  General conservation equations are derived for 2D dense granular flows from
the Euler equation within the Boussinesq approximation. In steady flows, the 2D
fields of granular temperature, vorticity and stream function are shown to be
encoded in two scalar functions only. We checked such prediction on steady
surface flows in a rotating drum simulated through the Non-Smooth Contact
Dynamics method. This result is non trivial because granular flows are
dissipative and therefore not necessarily compatible with Euler equation.
Finally, we briefly discuss some possible ways to predict theoretically these
two functions using statistical mechanics.


title:
Lepton polarization asymmetry and forward backward asymmetry in
  exclusive B->K_1 tau^(+)tau^(-) decay in universal extra dimension scenario

abstract:
  Decay rate, forward-backward asymmetry and polarization asymmetries of final
state leptons in B-> K_{1}tau ^{+}tau ^{-}, where K_{1} is the axial vector
meson, are calculated in Standard Model and in the universal extra dimension
(UED) model. The sensitivity of the observables on the compactification radius
$R$, the only unknown paramter in UED model, is studied. Finally, the helicity
fractions of the final state K_{1} are calculated and their dependence on the
compactification radius is discussed. This analysis of helicity fraction is
briefly extended to B->K^{*}l ^{+}l ^{-}(l =e,mu) and compared with the other
approaches exist in the literature


title:
Flux Continuity and Probability Conservation in Complexified Bohmian
  Mechanics

abstract:
  Recent years have seen increased interest in complexified Bohmian mechanical
trajectory calculations for quantum systems, both as a pedagogical and
computational tool. In the latter context, it is essential that trajectories
satisfy probability conservation, to ensure they are always guided to where
they are most needed. In this paper, probability conservation for complexified
Bohmian trajectories is considered. The analysis relies on time-reversal
symmetry considerations, leading to a generalized expression for the
conjugation of wavefunctions of complexified variables. This in turn enables
meaningful discussion of complexified flux continuity, which turns out not to
be satisfied in general, though a related property is found to be true. The
main conclusion, though, is that even under a weak interpretation, probability
is not conserved along complex Bohmian trajectories.


title:
Acquisition Accuracy Evaluation in Visual Inspection Systems - a
  Practical Approach

abstract:
  This paper draws a proposal of a set of parameters and methods for accuracy
evaluation of visual inspection systems. The case of a monochrome board is
treated, but practically all conclusions and methods may be extended for colour
acquisition. Basically, the proposed parameters are grouped in five sets as
follows:Internal noise;Video ADC cuantisation parameters;Analogue processing
section parameters;Dominant frequencies;Synchronisation (lock-in) accuracy. On
basis of this set of parameters was developed a software environment, in
conjunction with a test signal generator that allows the "test" images. The
paper also presents conclusions of evaluation for two types of video
acquisition boards


title:
More Taxa Are Not Necessarily Better for the Reconstruction of Ancestral
  Character States

abstract:
  We show that the accuracy of reconstrucing an ancestral state is not an
increasing function of the size of taxon sampling.


title: Condensation and growth of Kirkendall voids in intermetallic compounds

abstract:
  A model for the simulation of Kirkendall voiding in metallic materials is
presented based on vacancy diffusion, elastic-plastic and rate-dependent
deformation of spherical voids. Starting with a phenomenological explanation of
the Kirkendall effect we briefly discuss the consequences on the reliability of
microelectronics. A constitutive model for void nucleation and growth is
presented, which can be used to predict the temporal development of voids in
solder joints during thermal cycling. We end with exemplary numerical studies
and discuss the potential of the results for the failure analysis of joining
connections.


title: DSP Based System for Real time Voice Synthesis Applications Development

abstract:
  This paper describes an experimental system designed for development of real
time voice synthesis applications. The system is composed from a DSP
coprocessor card, equipped with an TMS320C25 or TMS320C50 chip, voice
acquisition module (ADDA2),host computer (IBM-PC compatible), software specific
tools.


title:
Infrared renormalons and single meson production in proton-proton
  collisions

abstract:
  In this article, we investigate the contribution of the higher twist Feynman
diagrams to the large-$p_T$ inclusive pion production cross section in
proton-proton collisions and present the general formulae for the higher twist
differential cross sections in the case of the running coupling and frozen
coupling approaches. The structure of infrared renormalon singularities of the
higher twist subprocess cross section and the resummed expression (the Borel
sum) for it are found. We compared the resummed higher twist cross sections
with the ones obtained in the framework of the frozen coupling approximation
and leading twist cross section. We obtain, that ratio $R$ for all values of
the transverse momentum $p_{T}$ of the pion identical equivalent to ratio $r$.
It is shown that the resummed result depends on the choice of the meson wave
functions used in calculation. Phenomenological effects of the obtained results
are discussed.