title: Cosmology from Antarctica

abstract:
  Observation of the CMB is central to observational cosmology, and the
Antarctic Plateau is an exceptionally good site for this work. The first
attempt at CMB observations from the Plateau was an expedition to the South
Pole in December 1986 by the Radio Physics Research group at Bell Laboratories.
Sky noise and opacity were measured. The results were sufficiently encouraging
that in the Austral summer of 1988-1989, three CMB groups participated in the
"Cucumber" campaign, where a temporary site dedicated to CMB anisotropy
measurements was set up 2 km from South Pole Station. Winter-time observations
became possible with the establishment in 1990 of the Center for Astrophysical
Research in Antarctica (CARA), a National Science Foundation Science and
Technology Center. CARA developed year-round observing facilities in the "Dark
Sector", a section of Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station dedicated to
astronomical observations. CARA scientists fielded several astronomical
instruments: AST/RO, SPIREX, White Dish, Python, Viper, ACBAR, and DASI. By
2001, data from CARA, together with BOOMERANG, a CMB experiment on a
long-duration balloon launched from McMurdo Station on the coast of Antarctica,
showed clear evidence that the overall geometry of the Universe is flat, as
opposed to being positively or negatively curved. In 2002, the DASI group
reported the detection of polarization in the CMB. These observations strongly
support the concordance model of cosmology, where the dynamics of a flat
Universe are dominated by forces exerted by the Dark Energy and Dark Matter.
The South Pole Telescope (SPT) is a newly-operational 10 m diameter offset
telescope designed to rapidly measure anisotropies on scales much smaller than
1 degree.


title:
Supersolid phases of a doped valence-bond quantum antiferromagnet:
  Evidence for a coexisting superconducting order parameter

abstract:
  Motivated by numerical evidence of the valence bond groundstate of the
two-dimensional Heisenberg pyrochlore lattice, we argue using a $t$-$J$ model
that it evolves under doping into novel phases characterized by
superconductivity coexisting with the underlying valence-bond solid order. A
fermionic mean-field theory supplemented by exact diagonalization results
provide strong arguments in favor of the stability of such supersolid phases.
The resemblance with modulated superconducting patterns in high-$T_c$ cuprates
as well as possible relevance to frustrated noncuprate superconductors such as
spinels and pyrochlores is discussed.


title: Two-dimensional lattice polymers: adaptive windows simulations

abstract:
  We report a numerical study of self-avoiding polymers on the square lattice,
including an attractive potential between nonconsecutive monomers. Using
Wang-Landau sampling (WLS) with adaptive windows, we obtain the density of
states for chains of up to N=300 monomers and associated thermodynamic
quantities. The method enables one to simulate accurately the low-temperature
regime, which is virtually inaccessible using traditional methods. Instead of
defining fixed energy windows, as in usual WLS, this method uses windows with
boundaries that depend on the set of energy values on which the histogram is
flat at a given stage of the simulation. Shifting the windows each time the
modification factor $f$ is reduced, we eliminate border effects that arise in
simulations using fixed windows.


title: Variational and Geometric Structures of Discrete Dirac Mechanics

abstract:
  In this paper, we develop the theoretical foundations of discrete Dirac
mechanics, that is, discrete mechanics of degenerate Lagrangian/Hamiltonian
systems with constraints. We first construct discrete analogues of Tulczyjew's
triple and induced Dirac structures by considering the geometry of symplectic
maps and their associated generating functions. We demonstrate that this
framework provides a means of deriving discrete Lagrange-Dirac and nonholonomic
Hamiltonian systems. In particular, this yields nonholonomic Lagrangian and
Hamiltonian integrators. We also introduce discrete
Lagrange-d'Alembert-Pontryagin and Hamilton-d'Alembert variational principles,
which provide an alternative derivation of the same set of integration
algorithms. The paper provides a unified treatment of discrete Lagrangian and
Hamiltonian mechanics in the more general setting of discrete Dirac mechanics,
as well as a generalization of symplectic and Poisson integrators to the
broader category of Dirac integrators.


title: High-fidelity universal quantum gates through quantum interference

abstract:
  Twisted rapid passage is a type of non-adiabatic rapid passage that gives
rise to controllable quantum interference effects that were first observed
experimentally in 2003. We show that twisted rapid passage sweeps can be used
to implement a universal set of quantum gates that operate with high-fidelity.
For each gate in the universal set, sweep parameter values are provided which
simulations indicate will yield a quantum gate with error probability P_{e} <
10**(-4). Note that all gates in this universal set are driven by a **single**
type of control field (twisted rapid passage), and the error probability for
each gate falls below the rough-and-ready estimate for the accuracy threshold
P_{a} ~ 10**(-4). The simulations suggest that the universal gate set produced
by twisted rapid passage shows promise for use in a fault-tolerant scheme for
quantum computing.


title: Modified gravity with arbitrary coupling between matter and geometry

abstract:
  The field equations of a generalized $f(R)$ type gravity model, in which
there is an arbitrary coupling between matter and geometry, are obtained. The
equations of motion for test particles are derived from a variational principle
in the particular case in which the Lagrange density of the matter is an
arbitrary function of the energy-density of the matter only. Generally, the
motion is non-geodesic, and takes place in the presence of an extra force
orthogonal to the four-velocity. The Newtonian limit of the model is also
considered. The perihelion precession of an elliptical planetary orbit in the
presence of an extra force is obtained in a general form, and the magnitude of
the extra gravitational effects is constrained in the case of a constant extra
force by using Solar System observations.


title: A connection between the Ghirlanda--Guerra identities and ultrametricity

abstract:
  We consider a symmetric positive definite weakly exchangeable infinite random
matrix and show that, under the technical condition that its elements take a
finite number of values, the Ghirlanda--Guerra identities imply ultrametricity.


title:
A multi-resolution, non-parametric, Bayesian framework for
  identification of spatially-varying model parameters

abstract:
  This paper proposes a hierarchical, multi-resolution framework for the
identification of model parameters and their spatially variability from noisy
measurements of the response or output. Such parameters are frequently
encountered in PDE-based models and correspond to quantities such as density or
pressure fields, elasto-plastic moduli and internal variables in solid
mechanics, conductivity fields in heat diffusion problems, permeability fields
in fluid flow through porous media etc. The proposed model has all the
advantages of traditional Bayesian formulations such as the ability to produce
measures of confidence for the inferences made and providing not only
predictive estimates but also quantitative measures of the predictive
uncertainty. In contrast to existing approaches it utilizes a parsimonious,
non-parametric formulation that favors sparse representations and whose
complexity can be determined from the data. The proposed framework in
non-intrusive and makes use of a sequence of forward solvers operating at
various resolutions. As a result, inexpensive, coarse solvers are used to
identify the most salient features of the unknown field(s) which are
subsequently enriched by invoking solvers operating at finer resolutions. This
leads to significant computational savings particularly in problems involving
computationally demanding forward models but also improvements in accuracy. It
is based on a novel, adaptive scheme based on Sequential Monte Carlo sampling
which is embarrassingly parallelizable and circumvents issues with slow mixing
encountered in Markov Chain Monte Carlo schemes.


title: Stackelberg Contention Games in Multiuser Networks

abstract:
  Interactions among selfish users sharing a common transmission channel can be
modeled as a non-cooperative game using the game theory framework. When selfish
users choose their transmission probabilities independently without any
coordination mechanism, Nash equilibria usually result in a network collapse.
We propose a methodology that transforms the non-cooperative game into a
Stackelberg game. Stackelberg equilibria of the Stackelberg game can overcome
the deficiency of the Nash equilibria of the original game. A particular type
of Stackelberg intervention is constructed to show that any positive payoff
profile feasible with independent transmission probabilities can be achieved as
a Stackelberg equilibrium payoff profile. We discuss criteria to select an
operating point of the network and informational requirements for the
Stackelberg game. We relax the requirements and examine the effects of
relaxation on performance.


title: Nonlinear superhorizon perturbations of non-canonical scalar field

abstract:
  We develop a theory of non-linear cosmological perturbations at superhorizon
scales for a scalar field with a Lagrangian of the form $P(X,\phi)$, where
$X=-\partial^{\mu}\phi\partial_{\mu}\phi$ and $\phi$ is the scalar field. We
employ the ADM formalism and the spatial gradient expansion approach to obtain
general solutions valid up to the second order in the gradient expansion. This
formulation can be applied to, for example, DBI inflation models to investigate
superhorizon evolution of non-Gaussianities. With slight modification, we also
obtain general solutions valid up to the same order for a perfect fluid with a
general equation of state $P=P(\rho)$.


title: A New Upper Bound on the Capacity of a Class of Primitive Relay Channels

abstract:
  We obtain a new upper bound on the capacity of a class of discrete memoryless
relay channels. For this class of relay channels, the relay observes an i.i.d.
sequence $T$, which is independent of the channel input $X$. The channel is
described by a set of probability transition functions $p(y|x,t)$ for all
$(x,t,y)\in \mathcal{X}\times \mathcal{T}\times \mathcal{Y}$. Furthermore, a
noiseless link of finite capacity $R_{0}$ exists from the relay to the
receiver. Although the capacity for these channels is not known in general, the
capacity of a subclass of these channels, namely when $T=g(X,Y)$, for some
deterministic function $g$, was obtained in [1] and it was shown to be equal to
the cut-set bound. Another instance where the capacity was obtained was in [2],
where the channel output $Y$ can be written as $Y=X\oplus Z$, where $\oplus$
denotes modulo-$m$ addition, $Z$ is independent of $X$,
$|\mathcal{X}|=|\mathcal{Y}|=m$, and $T$ is some stochastic function of $Z$.
The compress-and-forward (CAF) achievability scheme [3] was shown to be
capacity achieving in both cases.
  Using our upper bound we recover the capacity results of [1] and [2]. We also
obtain the capacity of a class of channels which does not fall into either of
the classes studied in [1] and [2]. For this class of channels, CAF scheme is
shown to be optimal but capacity is strictly less than the cut-set bound for
certain values of $R_{0}$. We also evaluate our outer bound for a particular
relay channel with binary multiplicative states and binary additive noise for
which the channel is given as $Y=TX+N$. We show that our upper bound is
strictly better than the cut-set upper bound for certain values of $R_{0}$ but
it lies strictly above the rates yielded by the CAF achievability scheme.


title: Observer design for invariant systems with homogeneous observations

abstract:
  This paper considers the design of nonlinear observers for invariant systems
posed on finite-dimensional connected Lie groups with measurements generated by
a transitive group action on an associated homogeneous space. We consider the
case where the group action has the opposite invariance to the system
invariance and show that the group kinematics project to a minimal realisation
of the systems observable dynamics on the homogeneous output space. The
observer design problem is approached by designing an observer for the
projected output dynamics and then lifting to the Lie-group. A structural
decomposition theorem for observers of the projected system is provided along
with characterisation of the invariance properties of the associated observer
error dynamics. We propose an observer design based on a gradient-like
construction that leads to strong (almost) global convergence properties of
canonical error dynamics on the homogeneous output space. The observer dynamics
are lifted to the group in a natural manner and the resulting gradient-like
error dynamics of the observer on the Lie-group converge almost globally to the
unobservable subgroup of the system, the stabiliser of the group action.


title:
Structural Basis for the Anomalously Low Spontaneous Polarisation Values
  of the Polar Phase of Sr1-xCaxTiO3 (x=0.02, 0.04): Evidence for a
  Ferrielectric Ordering

abstract:
  Full pattern Le-Bail refinement using x-ray powder diffraction profiles of
Sr1-xCaxTiO3 for x=0.02, 0.04 in the temperature range 12 to 300 K reveals
anomalies in the unit cell parameters at 170, 225 K due to an
antiferrodistortive (cubic to tetragonal I4/mcm) phase transition and at ~32,
~34 K due to a transition to a polar phase (tetragonal I4/mcm to orthorhombic
Ic2m), respectively. The lower transition temperatures obtained by us are in
excellent agreement with those reported on the basis of the dielectric studies
by Bednorz and Muller, [10] who attributed these to ferroelectric transition.
Rietveld analysis of the diffraction profiles of the polar phase reveals
off-centre displacements of both Sr2+/Ca2+ and Ti4+ ions in the X-Y plane along
<110> pseudocubic directions, in agreement with the experimentally reported
direction of easy polarization by Bednorz and Muller, but the resulting dipole
moments are shown to be ferrielectrically coupled in the neighbouring (001)
planes along the [001] direction leading to anomalously low values of the
spontaneous polarization at 12K.


title: The Calculation of $f_\pi$ and $m_\pi$ at Finite Chemical Potential

abstract:
  Based on the previous work in [Y. Jiang, Y.M. Shi, H.T. Feng, W.M. Sun and
H.S. Zong, Phys. Rev. C {\bf 78}, 025214 (2008)] on the quark-meson vertex and
pion properties at finite quark chemical potential, we provide an analytical
analysis of the weak decay constant of the pion ($f_\pi[\mu]$) and the pion
mass ($m_\pi[\mu]$) at finite quark chemical potential using the model quark
propagator proposed in [R. Alkofer, W. Detmold, C.S. Fischer and P. Maris,
Phys. Rev. D {\bf 70}, 014014 (2004)]. It is found that when $\mu$ is below a
threshold value $\mu_0$ (which equals $0.350 \mathrm{GeV}$, $0.377
\mathrm{GeV}$ and $0.341 \mathrm{GeV}$, for the $\mathrm{2CC}$,
$\mathrm{1R1CC}$ and $\mathrm{3R}$ parametrizations of the model quark
propagator, respectively.), $f_\pi[\mu]$ and $m_\pi[\mu]$ are kept unchanged
from their vacuum values. The value of $\mu_0$ is intimately connected with the
pole distribution of the model quark propagator and is found to coincide with
the threshold value below which the quark-number density vanishes identically.
Numerical calculations show that when $\mu$ becomes larger than $\mu_0$,
$f_\pi[\mu]$ exhibits a sharp decrease whereas $m_\pi[\mu]$ exhibits a sharp
increase. A comparison is given between the results obtained in this paper and
those obtained in previous literatures.


title: Anomaly of Zbb coupling revisited in MSSM and NMSSM

abstract:
  The Zbb coupling determined from the Z-pole measurements at LEP/SLD shows an
about 3-sigma deviation from the SM prediction, which would signal the presence
of new physics in association with the Zbb coupling. In this work we give a
comprehensive study for the full one-loop supersymmetric effects on the Zbb
coupling in both the MSSM and the NMSSM by considering all current constraints
which are from the precision electroweak measurements, the direct search for
sparticles and Higgs bosons, the stability of Higgs potential, the dark matter
relic density, and the muon g-2 measurement. We analyze the characters of each
type of the corrections and search for the SUSY parameter regions where the
corrections could be sizable. We find that the sizable corrections may come
from the Higgs sector with light m_A and large tan-beta, which can reach -2%
and -6% for rho_b and sin^2 \theta_{eff}^b,respectively. However, such sizable
negative corrections are just opposite to what needed to solve the anomaly. We
also scan over the allowed parameter space and investigate to what extent
supersymmetry can narrow the discrepancy. We find that under all current
constraints, the supersymmetric effects are quite restrained and cannot
significantly ameliorate the anomaly of Zbb coupling. Compared with \chi^2/dof
= 9.62/2 in the SM, the MSSM and NMSSM can only improve it to \chi^2/dof =
8.77/2 in the allowed parameter space. Therefore, if the anomaly of Zbb
coupling is not a statistical or systematic problem, it would suggest new
physics beyond the MSSM or NMSSM.


title: Axiomatic approach to the cosmological constant

abstract:
  A theory of the cosmological constant Lambda is currently out of reach.
Still, one can start from a set of axioms that describe the most desirable
properties a cosmological constant should have. This can be seen in certain
analogy to the Khinchin axioms in information theory, which fix the most
desirable properties an information measure should have and that ultimately
lead to the Shannon entropy as the fundamental information measure on which
statistical mechanics is based. Here we formulate a set of axioms for the
cosmological constant in close analogy to the Khinchin axioms, formally
replacing the dependency of the information measure on probabilities of events
by a dependency of the cosmological constant on the fundamental constants of
nature. Evaluating this set of axioms one finally arrives at a formula for the
cosmological constant that is given by Lambda = (G^2/hbar^4) (m_e/alpha_el)^6,
where G is the gravitational constant, m_e is the electron mass, and alpha_el
is the low energy limit of the fine structure constant. This formula is in
perfect agreement with current WMAP data. Our approach gives physical meaning
to the Eddington-Dirac large number hypothesis and suggests that the observed
value of the cosmological constant is not at all unnatural.


title:
Definition and Implementation of a Points-To Analysis for C-like
  Languages

abstract:
  The points-to problem is the problem of determining the possible run-time
targets of pointer variables and is usually considered part of the more general
aliasing problem, which consists in establishing whether and when different
expressions can refer to the same memory address. Aliasing information is
essential to every tool that needs to reason about the semantics of programs.
However, due to well-known undecidability results, for all interesting
languages that admit aliasing, the exact solution of nontrivial aliasing
problems is not generally computable. This work focuses on approximated
solutions to this problem by presenting a store-based, flow-sensitive points-to
analysis, for applications in the field of automated software verification. In
contrast to software testing procedures, which heuristically check the program
against a finite set of executions, the methods considered in this work are
static analyses, where the computed results are valid for all the possible
executions of the analyzed program. We present a simplified programming
language and its execution model; then an approximated execution model is
developed using the ideas of abstract interpretation theory. Finally, the
soundness of the approximation is formally proved. The aim of developing a
realistic points-to analysis is pursued by presenting some extensions to the
initial simplified model and discussing the correctness of their formulation.
This work contains original contributions to the issue of points-to analysis,
as it provides a formulation of a filter operation on the points-to abstract
domain and a formal proof of the soundness of the defined abstract operations:
these, as far as we now, are lacking from the previous literature.


title: Anisotropic Interaction between Two-Level Systems

abstract:
  Using the model of interaction between two-level systems (TLS) and strain
fields introduced in Phys. Rev. B 75, 064202 (2007), we calculate the TLS-TLS
interaction. We particularize our calculations to amorphous materials and
analyze the dependence of the interaction Hamiltonian on the orientations of
the two TLSs and of the direction that connects them. Assuming isotropic
distribution of the TLSs orientations, we then averaged the interaction over
one of the TLSs orientations. The resulting interaction depends in a simple way
on the angle between the orientation of the other TLS and the line that
connects the two TLSs.


title: DNA Bubble Life Time in Denaturation

abstract:
  We have investigated the denaturation bubble life time for a homogeneous as
well as for a heterogeneous DNA within a Poland-Scheraga model. It is shown
that at criticality the bubble life time for a homogeneous DNA is finite
provided that the loop entropic exponent c>2 and has a scaling dependence on
DNA length for c<2. Heterogeneity in the thermodynamical limit makes the bubble
life time infinite for any entropic exponent.


title:
On the road to discovery of relic gravitational waves: The TE and BB
  Correlations in the cosmic microwave background radiation

abstract:
  The detection of primordial gravitational waves is one of the biggest
challenges of the present time. The existing (Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy
Probe) observations are helpful on the road to this goal, and the forthcoming
experiments (Planck) are likely to complete this mission. We show that the
5-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe $TE$ data contains a hint of the
presence of gravitational wave contribution. In terms of the parameter $R$,
which gives the ratio of contributions from gravitational waves and density
perturbations to the temperature quadrupole, the best-fit model produced
$R=0.24$. Because of large residual noises, the uncertainty of this
determination is still large, and it easily includes the R=0 hypothesis.
However, the uncertainty will be strongly reduced in the forthcoming
observations which are more sensitive. We numerically simulated the Planck data
and concluded that the relic gravitational waves with $R=0.24$ will be present
at a better than 3$\sigma$ level in the $TE$ observational channel, and at a
better than 2$\sigma$ level in the `realistic' $BB$ channel. The balloon-borne
and ground-based observations may provide a healthy competition to Planck in
some parts of the lower-$\ell$ spectrum.


title: BKP and CKP revisited: The odd KP system

abstract:
  Restricting a linear system for the KP hierarchy to those independent
variables t\_n with odd n, its compatibility (Zakharov-Shabat conditions) leads
to the "odd KP hierarchy". The latter consists of pairs of equations for two
dependent variables, taking values in a (typically noncommutative) associative
algebra. If the algebra is commutative, the odd KP hierarchy is known to admit
reductions to the BKP and the CKP hierarchy. We approach the odd KP hierarchy
and its relation to BKP and CKP in different ways, and address the question
whether noncommutative versions of the BKP and the CKP equation (and some of
their reductions) exist. In particular, we derive a functional representation
of a linear system for the odd KP hierarchy, which in the commutative case
produces functional representations of the BKP and CKP hierarchies in terms of
a tau function. Furthermore, we consider a functional representation of the KP
hierarchy that involves a second (auxiliary) dependent variable and features
the odd KP hierarchy directly as a subhierarchy. A method to generate large
classes of exact solutions to the KP hierarchy from solutions to a linear
matrix ODE system, via a hierarchy of matrix Riccati equations, then also
applies to the odd KP hierarchy, and this in turn can be exploited, in
particular, to obtain solutions to the BKP and CKP hierarchies.


title:
Class-Specific Tests of Spatial Segregation Based on Nearest Neighbor
  Contingency Tables

abstract:
  The spatial interaction between two or more classes (or species) has
important consequences in many fields and might cause multivariate clustering
patterns such as segregation or association. The spatial pattern of segregation
occurs when members of a class tend to be found near members of the same class
(i.e., conspecifics), while association occurs when members of a class tend to
be found near members of the other class or classes. These patterns can be
tested using a nearest neighbor contingency table (NNCT). The null hypothesis
is randomness in the nearest neighbor (NN) structure, which may result from --
among other patterns -- random labeling (RL) or complete spatial randomness
(CSR) of points from two or more classes (which is called the CSR independence,
henceforth). In this article, we consider Dixon's class-specific tests of
segregation and introduce a new class-specific test, which is a new
decomposition of Dixon's overall chi-square segregation statistic. We
demonstrate that the tests we consider provide information on different aspects
of the spatial interaction between the classes and they are conditional under
the CSR independence pattern, but not under the RL pattern. We analyze the
distributional properties and prove the consistency of these tests; compare the
empirical significant levels (Type I error rates) and empirical power estimates
of the tests using Monte Carlo simulations. We demonstrate that the new
class-specific tests also have comparable performance with the currently
available tests based on NNCTs in terms of Type I error and power estimates.
For illustrative purposes, we use three example data sets. We also provide
guidelines for using these tests.


title: Dynamical Casimir effect in oscillating media

abstract:
  We show that oscillations of a homogeneous medium with constant material
coefficients produce pairs of photons. Classical analysis of an oscillating
medium reveals regions of parametric resonance where the electromagnetic waves
are exponentially amplified. The quantum counterpart of parametric resonance is
an exponentially growing number of photons in the same parameter regions. This
process may be viewed as another manifestation of the dynamical Casimir effect.
However, in contrast to the standard dynamical Casimir effect, photon
production here takes place in the entire volume and is not due to time
dependence of the boundary conditions or material constants.


title:
Determination of the Chiral Couplings L_10 and C_87 from Semileptonic
  Tau Decays

abstract:
  Using recent precise hadronic tau-decay data on the V-A spectral function,
and general properties of QCD such as analyticity, the operator product
expansion and chiral perturbation theory, we get accurate values for the QCD
chiral order parameters L_10^r(M_rho) and C_87^r(M_rho). These two low-energy
constants appear at order p^4 and p^6, respectively, in the chiral perturbation
theory expansion of the V-A correlator. At order p^4 we obtain L_10^r(M_rho) =
-(5.22\pm 0.06)10^{-3}. Including in the analysis the two-loop (order p^6)
contributions, we get L_10^r(M_rho) = -(4.06\pm 0.39)10^{-3} and C_87^r(M_rho)
= (4.89\pm 0.19)10^{-3}GeV^{-2}. In the SU(2) chiral effective theory, the
corresponding low-energy coupling takes the value \overline l_5 = 13.30 \pm
0.11 at order p^4, and \overline l_5 = 12.24 \pm 0.21 at order p^6.


title: Comment on "Magnetism of Nanowires Driven by Novel Even-Odd Effects"

abstract:
  In a recent Letter, S. Lounis et al. find that the ground state of finite
antiferromagnetic nanowires deposited on ferromagnets depends on the parity of
the number N of atoms and that a collinear-noncollinear transition exists for
odd N. Authors use ab initio results and a Heisenberg model, which is studied
numerically with an iterative scheme. In this Comment we argue that the
Heisenberg model can much easier be investigated in terms of a two-dimensional
map, which allows to find an analytic expression for the transition length, a
central result of Lounis et al. (see their Fig.3).


title:
Approximate Solution of the effective mass Klein-Gordon Equation for the
  Hulthen Potential with any Angular Momentum

abstract:
  The radial part of the effective mass Klein-Gordon equation for the Hulthen
potential is solved by making an approximation to the centrifugal potential.
The Nikiforov-Uvarov method is used in the calculations. Energy spectra and the
corresponding eigenfunctions are computed. Results are also given for the case
of constant mass.


title: Errorless Codes for Over-loaded CDMA with Active User Detection

abstract:
  In this paper we introduce a new class of codes for over-loaded synchronous
wireless CDMA systems which increases the number of users for a fixed number of
chips without introducing any errors. In addition these codes support active
user detection. We derive an upper bound on the number of users with a fixed
spreading factor. Also we propose an ML decoder for a subclass of these codes
that is computationally implementable. Although for our simulations we consider
a scenario that is worse than what occurs in practice, simulation results
indicate that this coding/decoding scheme is robust against additive noise. As
an example, for 64 chips and 88 users we propose a coding/decoding scheme that
can obtain an arbitrary small probability of error which is computationally
feasible and can detect active users. Furthermore, we prove that for this to be
possible the number of users cannot be beyond 230.


title:
A New Method for Constructing Large Size WBE Codes with Low Complexity
  ML Decoder

abstract:
  In this paper we wish to introduce a method to reconstruct large size Welch
Bound Equality (WBE) codes from small size WBE codes. The advantage of these
codes is that the implementation of ML decoder for the large size codes is
reduced to implementation of ML decoder for the core codes. This leads to a
drastic reduction of the computational cost of ML decoder. Our method can also
be used for constructing large Binary WBE (BWBE) codes from smaller ones.
Additionally, we explain that although WBE codes are maximizing the sum channel
capacity when the inputs are real valued, they are not necessarily appropriate
when the input alphabet is binary. The discussion shows that when the input
alphabet is binary, the Total Squared Correlation (TSC) of codes is not a
proper figure of merit.


title: A Lorentz Invariance Violating Cosmology on the DGP Brane

abstract:
  We study cosmological implications of a Lorentz invariance violating
DGP-inspired braneworld scenario. A minimally coupled scalar field and a
single, fixed-norm, Lorentz-violating timelike vector field within an
interactive picture provide a wide parameter space which accounts for late-time
acceleration and transition to phantom phase of the scalar field.


title: Bi-Hamiltonian structures for integrable systems on regular time scales

abstract:
  A construction of the bi-Hamiltonian structures for integrable systems on
regular time scales is presented. The trace functional on an algebra of
$\delta$-pseudo-differential operators, valid on an arbitrary regular time
scale, is introduced. The linear Poisson tensors and the related Hamiltonians
are derived. The quadratic Poisson tensors is given by the use of the recursion
operators of the Lax hierarchies. The theory is illustrated by
$\Delta$-differential counterparts of Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur and Kaup-Broer
hierarchies.


title: Transverse confinement of waves in 3D random media

abstract:
  We study the transmission of a tightly focused beam through a thick slab of
3D disordered medium in the Anderson localized regime. We show that the
transverse profile of the transmitted beam exhibits clear signatures of
Anderson localization and that its mean square width provides a direct measure
of the localization length. For a short incident pulse, the width is
independent of absorption.


title: Modeling the Dialectic

abstract:
  Three formal first-order finite dialectical schemes are investigated. It is
shown that schemes 1 and 2 have significantly different finite models. Further,
an infinite natural number model for schemes 1, 2, 3 is constructed, and it is
shown that scheme 3 has no finite model.


title: Generators and relations for wreath products

abstract:
  Generators and defining relations for wreath products of groups are given.
Under some condition (conormality of the generators) they are minimal. In
particular, it is just the case for the Sylow subgroups of the symmetric
groups.


title:
New example of charge conjugation and parity violation from search for a
  permanent electric dipole moment of Rubidium atom

abstract:
  Quantum mechanics thinks that all atoms do not have permanent electric dipole
moment (EDM) because of their spherical symmetry. Therefore, there is no polar
atom in nature except for polar molecules. The electric susceptibility Xe
caused by the orientation of polar substances is inversely proportional to the
absolute temperature T while the induced susceptibility of atoms is temperature
independent. Using special capacitors our experiments discovered that
directional motion of Rb atoms in a non-uniform electric field and ground state
Rb atom is polar atom with a large EDM: d(Rb) =2.72*10-29C.m = 1.70*10-8e.cm.
The experiment showed that the relationship between Xe of Rb vapor and T is
just Xe =B/T, where the slope B =380(k) as polar molecules. Its capacitance C
at different voltage V was measured. The C-V curve shows that the saturation
polarization of Rb vapor has be observed when E more than 8.5*104V/m. New
example of CP (charge conjugation and parity) violation occurred in Rb atoms
(see arXiv 0809.4767). If Rb atom has a large EDM, why the linear Stark effect
has not been observed? The article discussed the question thoroughly. Our
results are easy to be repeated because the details of the experiment are
described in the article.


title:
Topology Change and the Emergence of Geometry in Two Dimensional Causal
  Quantum Gravity

abstract:
  In this thesis we analyze a very simple model of two dimensional quantum
gravity based on causal dynamical triangulations (CDT). We present an exactly
solvable model which indicates that it is possible to incorporate spatial
topology changes in the nonperturbative path integral. It is shown that if the
change in spatial topology is accompanied by a coupling constant it is possible
to evaluate the path integral to all orders in the coupling and that the result
can be viewed as a hybrid between causal and Euclidian dynamical triangulation.
The second model we describe shows how a classical geometry with constant
negative curvature emerges naturally from a path integral over noncompact
manifolds. No initial singularity is present, hence the quantum geometry is
naturally compatible with the Hartle Hawking boundary condition. Furthermore,
we demonstrate that under certain conditions the quantum fluctuations are
small! To conclude, we treat the problem of spacetime topology change. Although
we are not able to completely solve the path integral over all manifolds with
arbitrary topology, we do obtain results that indicate that such a path
integral might be consistent, provided suitable causality restrictions are
imposed.


title: Convexity of Chebyshev Sets in Hilbert Spaces

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is state of conditions that ensure the convexity of a
Chebyshev sets in Hilbert spaces .


title:
A Review on Some Geometric Results of the Smulian s Theorem on Frechet
  Differentiability of Norms

abstract:
  In this paper, we prove the Smulian s theorem on Frechet differentiability of
norm,and present some of its geometric results concerning the Gateaux and
Frechet differentiability of norm and properties of the allied space and its
dual such as reflexivity and strict convexity.


title:
Transport and bistable kinetics of a Brownian particle in a
  nonequilibrium environment

abstract:
  A system reservoir model, where the associated reservoir is modulated by an
external colored random force, is proposed to study the transport of an
overdamped Brownian particle in a periodic potential. We then derive the
analytical expression for the average velocity, mobility, and diffusion rate.
The bistable kinetics and escape rate from a metastable state in the overdamped
region are studied consequently. By numerical simulation we then demonstrate
that our analytical escape rate is in good agreement with that of numerical
result.


title:
On concise hypotheses for the interpretation of a wide scalar resonance
  as gauge boson binary in QCD - some new analyses

abstract:
  This work aims to give some answers to questions raised at QCD2008 in
Montpellier, July 2008.


title:
Relaxed Lyapunov Criteria for Robust Global Stabilization of Nonlinear
  Systems

abstract:
  The notion of the relaxed Robust Control Lyapunov Function (relaxed RCLF) is
introduced and is exploited for the design of robust feedback stabilizers for
nonlinear systems. Particularly, it is shown for systems with input constraints
that relaxed RCLFs can be easily obtained, while RCLFs are not available.
Moreover, it is shown that the use of relaxed RCLFs usually results to
different feedback designs from the ones obtained by the use of the standard
RCLF methodology. Using the relaxed RCLFs feedback design methodology, a simple
controller that guarantees robust global stabilization of a perturbed chemostat
model is provided.


title: Badly approximable numbers related to the Littlewood conjecture

abstract:
  By means of Peres-Schlag's method we prove the existence of real numbers
$\alpha, \beta$ such that $$ \liminf_{q\to \infty} (q\log^2 q)||\alpha q||
  ||\beta q|| > 0.


title: Contributions to Khovanov Homology

abstract:
  Khovanov homology ist a new link invariant, discovered by M. Khovanov, and
used by J. Rasmussen to give a combinatorial proof of the Milnor conjecture. In
this thesis, we give examples of mutant links with different Khovanov homology.
We prove that Khovanov's chain complex retracts to a subcomplex, whose
generators are related to spanning trees of the Tait graph, and we exploit this
result to investigate the structure of Khovanov homology for alternating knots.
Further, we extend Rasmussen's invariant to links. Finally, we generalize
Khovanov's categorifications of the colored Jones polynomial, and study
conditions under which our categorifications are functorial with respect to
colored framed link cobordisms. In this context, we develop a theory of
Carter--Saito movie moves for framed link cobordisms.


title: Beta-delayed deuteron emission from 11Li: decay of the halo

abstract:
  The deuteron-emission channel in the beta-decay of the halo-nucleus 11Li was
measured at the ISAC facility at TRIUMF by implanting post-accelerated 11Li
ions into a segmented silicon detector. The events of interest were identified
by correlating the decays of 11Li with those of the daughter nuclei. This
method allowed the energy spectrum of the emitted deuterons to be extracted,
free from contributions from other channels, and a precise value for the
branching ratio B_d = 1.30(13) x 10-4 to be deduced for E(c.m.) > 200 keV. The
results provide the first unambiguous experimental evidence that the decay
takes place essentially in the halo of 11Li, and that it proceeds mainly to the
9Li + d continuum, opening up a new means to study of the halo wave function of
11Li.


title: A search for disk-galaxy lenses in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

abstract:
  We present the first automated spectroscopic search for disk-galaxy lenses,
using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey database. We follow up eight gravitational
lens candidates, selected among a sample of ~40000 candidate massive disk
galaxies, using a combination of ground-based imaging and long-slit
spectroscopy. We confirm two gravitational lens systems: one probable disk
galaxy, and one probable S0 galaxy. The remaining systems are four promising
disk-galaxy lens candidates, as well as two probable gravitational lenses whose
lens galaxy might be an S0 galaxy. The redshifts of the lenses are z_lens ~
0.1. The redshift range of the background sources is z_source ~ 0.3 - 0.7. The
systems presented here are (confirmed or candidate) galaxy-galaxy lensing
systems, that is, systems where the multiple images are faint and extended,
allowing an accurate determination of the lens galaxy mass and light
distributions without contamination from the background galaxy. Moreover, the
low redshift of the (confirmed or candidates) lens galaxies is favorable for
measuring rotation points to complement the lensing study. We estimate the
rest-frame total mass-to-light ratio within the Einstein radius for the two
confirmed lenses: we find M_tot/L_I = 5.4 +- 1.5 within 3.9 +- 0.9 kpc for SDSS
J081230.30+543650.9, and M_tot/L_I = 1.5 +- 0.9 within 1.4 +- 0.8 kpc for SDSS
J145543.55+530441.2 (all in solar units). Hubble Space Telescope or Adaptive
Optics imaging is needed to further study the systems.


title: Cluster detection in weak lensing surveys

abstract:
  We present an efficient and robust approach for extracting clusters of
galaxies from weak lensing survey data and measuring their properties. We use
simple, physically-motivated cluster models appropriate for such sparse, noisy
data, and incorporate our knowledge of the cluster mass function to optimise
the detection of low-mass objects. Despite the method's non-linear nature, we
are able to search at a rate of approximately half a square degree per hour on
a single processor, making this technique a viable candidate for future
wide-field surveys. We quantify, for two simulated data-sets, the accuracy of
recovered cluster parameters, and discuss the completeness and purity of our
shear-selected cluster catalogues.


title: On the theory of $q$-complete spaces

abstract:
  In this article, we show that if $X$ is a Stein space of dimension $n$ and,
if $D$ is a locally $q$-complete open set in $X$, then $D$ is $q$-complete.
This gives, in particular, a positive answer to the local Steinness problem,
which is one of the most classical problem in complex analytic geometry,
namely, if $D$ is a locally Stein open set in a Stein space $X$, then $D$ is
Stein


title:
Magnetically-Regulated Fragmentation Induced by Nonlinear Flows and
  Ambipolar Diffusion

abstract:
  We present a parameter study of simulations of fragmentation regulated by
gravity, magnetic fields, ambipolar diffusion, and nonlinear flows. The
thin-sheet approximation is employed with periodic lateral boundary conditions,
and the nonlinear flow field ("turbulence") is allowed to freely decay. In
agreement with previous results in the literature, our results show that the
onset of runaway collapse (formation of the first star) in subcritical clouds
is significantly accelerated by nonlinear flows in which a large-scale wave
mode dominates the power spectrum. In addition, we find that a power spectrum
with equal energy on all scales also accelerates collapse, but by a lesser
amount. For a highly super-Alfvenic initial velocity field with most power on
the largest scales, the collapse occurs promptly during the initial compression
wave. However, for trans-Alfvenic perturbations, a subcritical magnetic field
causes a rebound from the initial compression, and the system undergoes several
oscillations before runaway collapse occurs. Models that undergo prompt
collapse have highly supersonic infall motions at the core boundaries. Cores in
magnetically subcritical models with trans-Alfvenic initial perturbations also
pick up significant systematic speeds by inheriting motions associated with
magnetically-driven oscillations. Core mass distributions are much broader than
in models with small-amplitude initial perturbations, although the disturbed
structure of cores that form due to nonlinear flows does not guarantee
subsequent monolithic collapse. Our simulations also demonstrate that
significant power can (if present initially) be maintained with negligible
dissipation in large-scale compressive modes of a magnetic thin sheet, in the
limit of perfect flux freezing.


title:
Density matrix renormalization group approach to two-fluid open
  many-fermion systems

abstract:
  We have extended the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) approach to
two-fluid open many-fermion systems governed by complex-symmetric Hamiltonians.
The applications are carried out for three- and four-nucleon (proton-neutron)
systems within the Gamow Shell Model (GSM) in the complex-energy plane. We
study necessary and sufficient conditions for the GSM+DMRG method to yield the
correct ground state eigenvalue and discuss different truncation schemes within
DMRG. The proposed approach will enable configuration interaction studies of
weakly-bound and unbound strongly interacting complex systems which, because of
a prohibitively large size of Fock space, cannot be treated by means of the
direct diagonalization.


title: Novel Bounds on the Capacity of the Binary Deletion Channel

abstract:
  We present novel bounds on the capacity of the independent and identically
distributed binary deletion channel. Four upper bounds are obtained by
providing the transmitter and the receiver with genie-aided information on
suitably-defined random processes. Since some of the proposed bounds involve
infinite series, we also introduce provable inequalities that lead to more
manageable results. For most values of the deletion probability, these bounds
improve the existing ones and significantly narrow the gap with the available
lower bounds. Exploiting the same auxiliary processes, we also derive, as a
by-product, a couple of very simple lower bounds on the channel capacity,
which, for low values of the deletion probability, are almost as good as the
best existing lower bounds.


title: Manipulation of Semiclassical Photon States

abstract:
  Gabriel F. Calvo and Antonio Picon defined a class of operators, for use in
quantum communication, that allows arbitrary manipulations of the three lowest
two-dimensional Hermite-Gaussian modes {|0,0>,|1,0>,|0,1>}. Our paper continues
the study of those operators, and our results fall into two categories. For
one, we show that the generators of the operators have infinite deficiency
indices, and we explicitly describe all self-adjoint realizations. And secondly
we investigate semiclassical approximations of the propagators. The basic
method is to start from a semiclassical Fourier integral operator ansatz and
then construct approximate solutions of the corresponding evolution equations.
In doing so, we give a complete description of the Hamilton flow, which in most
cases is given by elliptic functions. We find that the semiclassical
approximation behaves well when acting on sufficiently localized initial
conditions, for example, finite sums of semiclassical Hermite-Gaussian modes,
since near the origin the Hamilton trajectories trace out the bounded
components of elliptic curves.


title: Cuspidal representations of reductive groups

abstract:
  This paper proves the existence of cuspidal automorphic forms for a reductive
group, invariant under an automorphism of finite order. The techniques used are
a local analysis of orbital integrals and the Arthur-Selberg trace formula.


title: Equivalence of the velocity and length gauge perturbation series

abstract:
  We derive a "master" perturbation expansion for the quantum transition
amplitude in a light field between the field-free initial and final atomic
states in the minimal-coupling (MC) "velocity" gauge. The result is used to
prove that the traditional "velocity" and "length" gauge perturbation series
are equivalent infinite series representations or branches of the same
amplitude function, that are equal but in a common domain of convergence (if it
exists). More generally, we show that they constitute only two members of a
one-parameter family of infinitely many branches of the given transition
amplitude.


title: Toward zeta functions and complex dimensions of multifractals

abstract:
  Multifractals are inhomogeneous measures (or functions) which are typically
described by a full spectrum of real dimensions, as opposed to a single real
dimension. Results from the study of fractal strings in the analysis of their
geometry, spectra and dynamics via certain zeta functions and their poles (the
complex dimensions) are used in this text as a springboard to define similar
tools fit for the study of multifractals such as the binomial measure. The goal
of this work is to shine light on new ideas and perspectives rather than to
summarize a coherent theory. Progress has been made which connects these new
perspectives to and expands upon classical results, leading to a healthy
variety of natural and interesting questions for further investigation and
elaboration.


title: Controlled Manipulation of Individual Vortices in a Superconductor

abstract:
  We report controlled local manipulation of single vortices by low temperature
magnetic force microscope (MFM) in a thin film of superconducting Nb. We are
able to position the vortices in arbitrary configurations and to measure the
distribution of local depinning forces. This technique opens up new
possibilities for the characterization and use of vortices in superconductors.


title:
On some representations of degenerate affine Hecke algebras of type
  $BC_{n}$

abstract:
  Let G=U(p,q) and K=U(p)xU(q). In arXiv:0801.1530, the authors construct a
functor from the category of Harish-Chandra modules for the pair (G,K) to the
category of representations of the degenerate affine Hecke algebra of type B_n.
In this paper, we study the image of the principal series modules of G under
this functor. We describe the dAHA module structure of the image by
constructing a family of common eigenvectors of {y_i}. In the rank 1 case, we
write down an explicit formula for the generator y_{1} in terms of central
elements of U(g) and calculate the eigenvalue of y_{1} by using the central
characters.


title:
All-optical retrieval of the global phase for two-dimensional
  Fourier-transform spectroscopy

abstract:
  A combination of spatial interference patterns and spectral interferometry
are used to find the global phase for non-collinear two-dimensional
Fourier-transform (2DFT) spectra. Results are compared with those using the
spectrally resolved transient absorption (STRA) method to find the global phase
when excitation is with co-linear polarization. Additionally cross-linear
polarized 2DFT spectra are correctly phased using the all-optical technique,
where the SRTA is not applicable.


title: The role of optimization in the human dynamics of tasks execution

abstract:
  In order to explain the empirical evidence that the dynamics of human
activity may not be well modeled by Poisson processes, a model based on queuing
processes were built in the literature \cite{bar05}. The main assumption behind
that model is that people execute their tasks based on a protocol that execute
firstly the high priority item. In this context, the purpose of this letter is
to analyze the validity of that hypothesis assuming that people are rational
agents that make their decisions in order minimize the cost of keeping
non-executed tasks on the list. Therefore, we build and solve analytically a
dynamic programming model with two priority types of tasks and show that the
validity of this hypothesis depends strongly on the structure of the
instantaneous costs that a person has to face if a given task is kept on the
list for more than one step. Moreover, one interesting finding is that in one
of the situations the protocol used to execute the tasks generates complex one
dimensional dynamics.


title:
Character sheaves on unipotent groups in positive characteristic:
  foundations

abstract:
  In this article we formulate and prove the main theorems of the theory of
character sheaves on unipotent groups over an algebraically closed field of
characteristic p>0. In particular, we show that every admissible pair for such
a group G gives rise to an L-packet of character sheaves on G, and that,
conversely, every L-packet of character sheaves on G arises from a (non-unique)
admissible pair.
  In the appendices we discuss two abstract category theory patterns related to
the study of character sheaves. The first appendix sketches a theory of duality
for monoidal categories, which generalizes the notion of a rigid monoidal
category and is close in spirit to the Grothendieck-Verdier duality theory. In
the second one we use a topological field theory approach to define the
canonical braided monoidal structure and twist on the equivariant derived
category of constructible sheaves on an algebraic group; moreover, we show that
this category carries an action of the surface operad. The third appendix
proves that the "naive" definition of the equivariant constructible derived
category with respect to a unipotent algebraic group is equivalent to the
"correct" one.


title:
Delocalization of relativistic Dirac particles in disordered
  one-dimensional systems and its implementation with cold atoms

abstract:
  We study theoretically the localization of relativistic particles in
disordered one-dimensional chains. It is found that the relativistic particles
tend to dislocation in comparison with the non-relativistic particles with the
same disorder strength. More intriguingly, we reveal that the massless Dirac
particles are entirely delocalized for any energy due to the inherent chiral
symmetry, leading to a well-known result that particles are always localized in
one-dimensional system for arbitrary weak disorders to break down. Furthermore,
we propose a feasible scheme to simulate and detect the delocalization feature
of the Dirac particles with cold atoms..


title: Light Hadron Physics at the B Factories

abstract:
  We report measurements of hadronic final states produced in $e^+e^-$
annihilations from the BaBar and Belle experiments. In particular, we present
cross sections measured in several different processes, including two-photon
physics, Initial-State Radiation, and exclusive hadron productions at
center-of-mass energies near 10.58 GeV. Results are compared with theoretical
predictions.


title: AGN heating and ICM cooling in the HIFLUGCS sample of galaxy clusters

abstract:
  We have carried out an intensive study of the AGN heating-ICM cooling network
by comparing various cluster parameters of the HIFLUGCS sample to the
integrated radio luminosity of the central AGN, L_R, defined as the total
synchrotron power between 10 MHz and 15 GHz. We adopt the central cooling time,
t_cool, as the diagnostic to ascertain cooling properties of the clusters and
classify clusters with t_cool < 1 Gyr as strong cooling core (SCC) clusters,
with 1 Gyr < t_cool <7.7 Gyr as weak cooling core (WCC) clusters and with
t_cool > 7.7 Gyr as non-cooling core (NCC) clusters. We find 48 out of 64
clusters (75%) contain cluster center radio sources (CCRS) cospatial with or
within 50 h^{-1}_{71} kpc of the X-ray peak emission. Further, we find that the
probability of finding a CCRS increases from 45% to 67% to 100% for NCC, WCC
and SCC clusters, respectively, suggesting an AGN-feedback machinery in SCC
clusters which regulates the cooling in the central regions.
  We find L_R in SCC clusters depends strongly on the cluster scale such that
more massive clusters harbor more powerful radio AGN. The same trend is
observed between L_R and the classical mass deposition rate, MDR, albeit much
stronger, in SCC and partly also in WCC clusters. We also perform correlations
of the 2MASS K-band luminosity of the brightest cluster galaxy, L_BCG, with L_R
and cluster parameters. We invoke the relation between L_BCG and the black hole
mass, M_BH, and find a surprisingly tight correlation between M_BH and L_R for
SCC clusters. We find also an excellent correlation of L_BCG with M500 and L_X
for the entire sample; however, SCC clusters show a tighter trend in both the
cases. We discuss the plausible reasons behind these scaling relations in the
context of cooling flows and AGN feedback. [Abridged]


title: Quantum Wells in Polar-Nonpolar Oxide Heterojunction Systems

abstract:
  We address the electronic structure of quantum wells in polar-nonpolar oxide
heterojunction systems focusing on the case of non-polar BaVO$_3$ wells
surrounded by polar LaTiO$_3$ barriers. Our discussion is based on a density
functional description using the local spin density approximation with local
correlation corrections (LSDA+U). We conclude that a variety of quite different
two-dimensional electron systems can occur at interfaces between insulating
materials depending on band line-ups and on the geometrical arrangement of
polarity discontinuities.


title: VERITAS Studies of the Supernova Remnants Cas A and IC 443

abstract:
  VERITAS observed the supernova remnants Cassiopeia A (Cas A) and IC 443
during 2007, resulting in strong TeV detections of both sources. Cas A is a
young remnant, and bright in both the radio and nonthermal X-rays, both tracers
of cosmic-ray electrons. IC 443 is a middle-aged composite remnant interacting
with a molecular cloud; the molecular cloud provides an enhanced density of
target material for hadronic cosmic rays to produce TeV gamma rays via pion
decay. The TeV morphology - point-like for Cas A and extended for IC 443 - will
be discussed in the context of existing multiwavelength data on the remnants.


title: Condition Numbers of Gaussian Random Matrices

abstract:
  Let $G_{m \times n}$ be an $m \times n$ real random matrix whose elements are
independent and identically distributed standard normal random variables, and
let $\kappa_2(G_{m \times n})$ be the 2-norm condition number of $G_{m \times
n}$. We prove that, for any $m \geq 2$, $n \geq 2$ and $x \geq |n-m|+1$,
$\kappa_2(G_{m \times n})$ satisfies $
  \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}} ({c}/{x})^{|n-m|+1} < P(\frac{\kappa_2(G_{m \times n})}
{{n}/{(|n-m|+1)}}> x) <
  \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}} ({C}/{x})^{|n-m|+1}, $ where $0.245 \leq c \leq 2.000$
and $ 5.013 \leq C \leq 6.414$ are universal positive constants independent of
$m$, $n$ and $x$. Moreover, for any $m \geq 2$ and $n \geq 2$, $
E(\log\kappa_2(G_{m \times n})) < \log \frac{n}{|n-m|+1} + 2.258. $ A similar
pair of results for complex Gaussian random matrices is also established.


title: Asymptotic energy of graphs

abstract:
  The energy of a simple graph $G$ arising in chemical physics, denoted by
$\mathcal E(G)$, is defined as the sum of the absolute values of eigenvalues of
$G$. We consider the asymptotic energy per vertex (say asymptotic energy) for
lattice systems. In general for a type of lattice in statistical physics, to
compute the asymptotic energy with toroidal, cylindrical, Mobius-band,
Klein-bottle, and free boundary conditions are different tasks with different
hardness. In this paper, we show that if $\{G_n\}$ is a sequence of finite
simple graphs with bounded average degree and $\{G_n'\}$ a sequence of spanning
subgraphs of $\{G_n\}$ such that almost all vertices of $G_n$ and $G_n'$ have
the same degrees, then $G_n$ and $G_n'$ have the same asymptotic energy. Thus,
for each type of lattices with toroidal, cylindrical, Mobius-band,
Klein-bottle, and free boundary conditions, we have the same asymptotic energy.
As applications, we obtain the asymptotic formulae of energies per vertex of
the triangular, $3^3.4^2$, and hexagonal lattices with toroidal, cylindrical,
Mobius-band, Klein-bottle, and free boundary conditions simultaneously.


title:
Near-Infrared [Fe II] and H2 Line Observations of the Supernova Remnant
  3C 396: Probing the Pre-supernova Circumstellar Materials

abstract:
  We present the results of near-infrared [Fe II] and H2 line imaging and
spectroscopic observations of the supernova remnant 3C 396 using the Palomar 5
m Hale telescope. We detect long, filamentary [Fe II] emission delineating the
inner edge of the radio emission in the western boundary of the remnant in
imaging observations, together with a bright [Fe II] emission clump close to
the remnant center. There appears to be faint, diffuse [Fe II] emission between
the central clump and the western filamentary emission. The spectroscopic
observations determine the expansion velocity of the central clump to be ~56
km/s. This is far smaller than the expansion velocity of 3C 396 obtained from
X-ray observations, implying the inhomogeneity of the ambient medium. The
electron number density of the [Fe II] emission gas is < 2,000 cm-3. The H2
line emission, on the other hand, lies slightly outside the filamentary [Fe II]
emission in the western boundary, and forms a rather straight filament. We
suggest that the [Fe II] emission represents dense clumps in the wind material
from the red supergiant phase of a Type IIL/b progenitor of 3C 396 which have
been swept up by the supernova remnant shocks. The H2 emission may represent
either the boundary of a wind bubble produced during the main-sequence phase of
the progenitor or molecular clumps left over inside the bubble. We propose that
the near-infrared [Fe II] and H2 emission observed in several supernova
remnants of Type IIL/b SNe likely has the same origin.


title: How to compute the atomic stress objectively?

abstract:
  Atomistic simulation has been a powerful study tool in mechanics research,
but how to objectively compute the atomic stress equivalent to Cauchy stress is
still controversial, especially on the velocity-related part in the virial
stress definition. In this paper, by strictly following the classical
definition of the Cauchy stress for continuum medium, the fundamental
Lagrangian atomic stress is proposed and can be used to obtain the correct
Cauchy stress under any circumstances. Furthermore, the Lagrangian virial
stress is proposed, which is still in virial form but does not include
velocities to avoid controversial velocity treatments. It is also found that
the widely used classical virial stress is actually the Eulerian virial stress,
which includes the velocities of atoms, and is valid only when the
impulse-momentum theorem is applicable to estimate the internal forces. However
this requirement for the Eulerian atomic stress can not always be met in
practical cases, such as the material volume element in rotation and the
examples presented in this paper, but the proposed Lagrangian atomic stress can
avoid these velocity-related nonobjectivities.


title: Evidence for B to K eta' gamma Decays at Belle

abstract:
  We present the results of a search for the radiative decay (B -> K eta'
gamma) and find evidence for (B^+ -> K^+ eta' gamma) decays at the 3.3 standard
deviation level with a partial branching fraction of (3.6 +/- 1.2 +/- 0.4) x
10e-6, where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. This
measurement is restricted to the region of combined (K eta') invariant mass
less than 3.4GeVc^2. A 90% confidence level upper limit of 6.4 x 10e-6 is
obtained for the decay (B^0 -> K^0 eta' gamma) in the same (K eta') invariant
mass region. These results are obtained from a 605 fb^-1 data sample containing
657 x 10e6 B anti-B pairs collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle
detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^+e^- collider.


title: An Alternative Definition of the Completion of Metric Spaces

abstract:
  In this article, the author proposes another way to define the completion of
a metric space, which is different from the classical one via the dense
property, and prove the equivalence between two definitions. This definition is
based on considerations from category theory, and can be generalized to
arbitrary categories.


title:
Robust Stabilization of Nonlinear Systems by Quantized and Ternary
  Control

abstract:
  Results on the problem of stabilizing a nonlinear continuous-time system by a
finite number of control or measurement values are presented. The basic tool is
a discontinuous version of the so-called semi-global backstepping lemma. We
derive robust practical stabilizability results by quantized and ternary
controllers and apply them to some significant control problems.


title: Precise measurement of theta_13 at Daya Bay

abstract:
  The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment is designed to determine the yet
unknown neutrino mixing angle theta_13 by measuring the disappearance of
electron antineutrinos from several nuclear reactor cores, using multiple
underground detectors at different baselines to minimize systematic errors and
to suppress the cosmogenic background. The civil construction has begun since
October 2007, enabling first commissioning data in 2009, and full data taking
will begin in late 2010. The planned sensitivity in sin^2 (2theta_13) of better
than 0.01 at 90% CL will be achieved in three years of data-taking. I will
present an overview and current status of the experiment.


title: Rational homotopy theory and differential graded category

abstract:
  We propose a generalization of Sullivan's de Rham homotopy theory to
non-simply connected spaces. The formulation is such that the real homotopy
type of a manifold should be the closed tensor dg-category of flat bundles on
it much the same as the real homotopy type of a simply connected manifold is
the de Rham algebra in original Sullivan's theory. We prove the existence of a
model category structure on the category of small closed tensor dg-categories
and as a most simple case, confirm an equivalence between the homotopy category
of spaces whose fundamental groups are finite and whose higher homotopy groups
are finite dimensional rational vector spaces and the homotopy category of
small closed tensor dg-categories satisfying certain conditions.


title:
Studies of Neutrino-Electron Scattering at the Kuo-Sheng Reactor
  Neutrino Laboratory

abstract:
  Studies on electron antineutrino-electron elastic scattering were performed
using a 200-kg CsI(Tl) scintillating crystal detector array at the Kuo-Sheng
Nuclear Power Plant in Taiwan. The measured cross section of R(exp) = [1.00 +-
0.32(stat)]xR(SM) is consistent with the Standard Model expectation and the
corresponding weak mixing angle derived is sin2T = 0.24 +- 0.05 (stat). The
results are consistent with a destructive interference effect between neutral
and charged-currents in this process. Limits on neutrino magnetic moment of
mu(nu_(e)) < 2.0 x 10^(-10) mu_(B) at 90% confidence level and on electron
antineutrino charge radius of r^(2) < (0.12 +- 2.07)x10^(-32) cm^2 were also
derived.


title: Conformal Inflation, Modulated Reheating, and WMAP5

abstract:
  We investigate density perturbations generated through modulated reheating
while inflation is driven by a conformally coupled scalar field. A large
running of the spectral index is obtained, which reflects the basic nature of
conformal inflation that higher-order time derivatives of the Hubble parameter
during inflation are not necessarily small. This feature may allow us to
distinguish between conformal inflation models and standard minimally coupled
ones. We also investigate how the resulting fluctuations are modified when
there is a deviation from an exact conformal coupling between the inflaton and
gravity. Finally, we apply our results to the warped brane inflation model and
see that observational bounds from the WMAP5 data suggest a blue tilted density
perturbation spectrum.


title:
Dynamics in several complex variables: endomorphisms of projective
  spaces and polynomial-like mapping

abstract:
  The emphasis of this course is on pluripotential methods in complex dynamics
in higher dimension. They are based on the compactness properties of
plurisubharmonic functions and on the theory of positive closed currents.
Applications of these methods are not limited to the dynamical systems that we
consider here. We choose to show their effectiveness and to describe the theory
for two large families of maps. The first chapter deals with holomorphic
endomorphisms of the projective space P^k. We establish the first properties
and give several constructions for the Green currents and the equilibrium
measure \mu. The emphasis is on quantitative properties and speed of
convergence. We then treat equidistribution problems and establish ergodic
properties of \mu: K-mixing, exponential decay of correlations for various
classes of observables, central limit theorem and large deviations theorem.
Finally, we study the entropy, the Lyapounov exponents and the dimension of
\mu. The second chapter develops the theory of polynomial-like maps in higher
dimension. We introduce the dynamical degrees and construct the equilibrium
measure \mu of maximal entropy. Then, under a natural assumption, we prove
equidistribution properties of points and various statistical properties of the
measure \mu. The assumption is stable under small pertubations on the map. We
also study the dimension of \mu, the Lyapounov exponents and their variation.
Our aim is to get a self-contained text that requires only a minimal
background. In order to help the reader, an appendix gives the basics on p.s.h.
functions, positive closed currents and super-potentials on projective spaces.
Some exercises are proposed and an extensive bibliography is given.


title: A new description of orthogonal bases

abstract:
  We show that an orthogonal basis for a finite-dimensional Hilbert space can
be equivalently characterised as a commutative dagger-Frobenius monoid in the
category FdHilb, which has finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces as objects and
continuous linear maps as morphisms, and tensor product for the monoidal
structure. The basis is normalised exactly when the corresponding commutative
dagger-Frobenius monoid is special. Hence orthogonal and orthonormal bases can
be axiomatised in terms of composition of operations and tensor product only,
without any explicit reference to the underlying vector spaces. This
axiomatisation moreover admits an operational interpretation, as the
comultiplication copies the basis vectors and the counit uniformly deletes
them. That is, we rely on the distinct ability to clone and delete classical
data as compared to quantum data to capture basis vectors. For this reason our
result has important implications for categorical quantum mechanics.


title:
Modeling Nonlinear Evolution of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations:
  Convergence Regime of N-body Simulations and Analytic Models

abstract:
  We use a series of cosmological N-body simulations and various analytic
models to study the evolution of the matter power spectrum in real space in a
\Lambda Cold Dark Matter universe. We compare the results of N-body simulations
against three analytical model predictions; standard perturbation theory,
renormalized perturbation theory, and the closure approximation. We include the
effects from finite simulation box size in the comparison. We determine the
values of the maximum wavenumbers, k^{lim}_{1%} and k^{lim}_{3%}, below which
the analytic models and the simulation results agree to within 1 and 3 percent,
respectively. We then provide a simple empirical function which describes the
convergence regime determined by comparison between our simulations and the
analytical models. We find that if we use the Fourier modes within the
convergence regime alone, the characteristic scale of baryon acoustic
oscillations can be determined within 1% accuracy from future surveys with a
volume of a few h^{-3}Gpc^3 at z\sim1 or z\sim3 in the absence of any
systematic distortion of the power spectrum.


title: Extinction statistics in N random interacting species

abstract:
  A randomly interacting N-species Lotka-Volterra system in the presence of a
Gaussian multiplicative noise is analyzed. The investigation is focused on the
role of this external noise into the statistical properties of the extinction
times of the populations. The distributions show a Gaussian shape for each
noise intensity value investigated. A monotonic behavior of the mean extinction
time as a function of the noise intensity is found, while a nonmonotonic
behavior of the width of the extinction time probability distribution
characterizes the dynamical evolution.


title:
Langevin Approach to Levy Flights in Fixed Potentials: Exact Results for
  Stationary Probability Distributions

abstract:
  The functional method to derive the fractional Fokker-Planck equation for
probability distribution from the Langevin equation with Levy stable noise is
proposed. For the Cauchy stable noise we obtain the exact stationary
probability density function of Levy flights in different smooth potential
profiles. We find confinement of the particle in the superdiffusion motion with
a bimodal stationary distribution for all the anharmonic symmetric monostable
potentials investigated. The stationary probability density functions show
power-law tails, which ensure finiteness of the variance. By reviewing recent
results on these statistical characteristics, the peculiarities of Levy flights
in comparison with ordinary Brownian motion are discussed.


title:
On the Geometry of Super Yang-Mills Theories: Phases and Irreducible
  Polynomials

abstract:
  We study the algebraic and geometric structures that underly the space of
vacua of N=1 super Yang-Mills theories at the non-perturbative level. Chiral
operators are shown to satisfy polynomial equations over appropriate rings, and
the phase structure of the theory can be elegantly described by the
factorization of these polynomials into irreducible pieces. In particular, this
idea yields a powerful method to analyse the possible smooth interpolations
between different classical limits in the gauge theory. As an application in
U(Nc) theories, we provide a simple and completely general proof of the fact
that confining and Higgs vacua are in the same phase when fundamental flavors
are present, by finding an irreducible polynomial equation satisfied by the
glueball operator. We also derive the full phase diagram for the theory with
one adjoint when Nc is less than or equal to 7 using computational algebraic
geometry programs.


title:
Stochastic Least-Action Principle for the Incompressible Navier-Stokes
  Equation

abstract:
  We formulate a stochastic least-action principle for solutions of the
incompressible Navier-Stokes equation, which formally reduces to Hamilton's
principle for the incompressible Euler solutions in the case of zero viscosity.
We use this principle to give a new derivation of a stochastic Kelvin Theorem
for the Navier-Stokes equation, recently established by Constantin and Iyer,
which shows that this stochastic conservation law arises from
particle-relabelling symmetry of the action. We discuss issues of
irreversibility, energy dissipation, and the inviscid limit of Navier-Stokes
solutions in the framework of the stochastic variational principle. In
particular, we discuss the connection of the stochastic Kelvin Theorem with our
previous "martingale hypothesis" for fluid circulations in turbulent solutions
of the incompressible Euler equations.


title: Ground State H-Atom in Born-Infeld Theory

abstract:
  Within the context of Born-Infeld (BI) nonlinear electrodynamics (NED) we
revisit the non-relativistic, spinless H-atom. The pair potential computed from
the Born-Infeld equations is approximated by the Morse type potential with
remarkable fit over the critical region where the convergence of both the short
and long distance expansions slows down dramatically. The Morse potential is
employed to determine both the ground state energy of the electron and the BI
parameter.


title:
A Large Blue Shift of the Biexciton State in Tellurium Doped CdSe
  Colloidal Quantum Dots

abstract:
  The exciton-exciton interaction energy of Tellurium doped CdSe colloidal
quantum dots is experimentally investigated. The dots exhibit a strong Coulomb
repulsion between the two excitons, which results in a huge measured biexciton
blue shift of up to 300 meV. Such a strong Coulomb repulsion implies a very
narrow hole wave function localized around the defect, which is manifested by a
large Stokes shift. Moreover, we show that the biexciton blue shift increases
linearly with the Stokes shift. This result is highly relevant for the use of
colloidal QDs as optical gain media, where a large biexciton blue shift is
required to obtain gain in the single exciton regime.


title: Superconnections and Index Theory

abstract:
  We investigate index theory in the context of Dirac operators coupled to
superconnections. In particular, we prove a local index theorem for such
operators, and for families of such operators. We investigate eta-invariants
and prove an APS-theorem, and construct a geometric determinant line bundle for
families of such operators, computing its curvature and holonomy in terms of
familiar index theoretic quantities.


title: The Newton stratification on deformations of local G-shtukas

abstract:
  Bounded local G-shtukas are function field analogs for p-divisible groups
with extra structure. We describe their deformations and moduli spaces. The
latter are analogous to Rapoport-Zink spaces for p-divisible groups. The
underlying schemes of these moduli spaces are affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties.
For basic Newton polygons the closed Newton stratum in the universal
deformation of a local G-shtuka is isomorphic to the completion of a
corresponding affine Deligne-Lusztig variety in that point. This yields bounds
on the dimension and proves equidimensionality of the basic affine
Deligne-Lusztig varieties.


title: The orbit method solution for the deformed three coupled scalar fields

abstract:
  In this work, we present a deformed solutions starting from systems of three
coupled scalar fields with super-potential $W(\phi_1, \phi_2, \phi_3)$ by orbit
method. First, we deform the corresponding super-potential and obtain defect
solutions. It is shown that how to construct new models altogether with its
defect solutions in terms of the non-deformed model. Therefore, we draw the
graph of super-potential and different fields in terms of $x.$ So we observe
that the graphs for deformed and non - deformed cases are changed by the scale.


title: The helium fine-structure controversy

abstract:
  There is presently disagreement between theory and experiment as well as
between different theoretical calculations concerning the fine-structure
splitting of the lowest P state of the neutral helium atom. We believe that we
have found a minor error in the formulas used by Drake et al. (Can. J. Phys.
80, 1195 (2002)) in their calculations, and we may have an explanation how the
error has occurred. To what extent this might resolve (part of) the discrepancy
is not known at present.


title:
Coherent transport on Apollonian networks and continuous-time quantum
  walks

abstract:
  We study the coherent exciton transport on Apollonian networks generated by
simple iterative rules. The coherent exciton dynamics is modeled by
continuous-time quantum walks and we calculate the transition probabilities
between two nodes of the networks. We find that the transport depends on the
initial nodes of the excitation. For networks less than the second generation
the coherent transport shows perfect revivals when the initial excitation
starts at the central node. For networks of higher generation, the transport
only shows partial revivals. Moreover, we find that the excitation is most
likely to be found at the initial nodes while the coherent transport to other
nodes has a very low probability. In the long time limit, the transition
probabilities show characteristic patterns with identical values of limiting
probabilities. Finally, the dynamics of quantum transport are compared with the
classical transport modeled by continuous-time random walks.


title:
Relaxed plasma equilibria and entropy-related plasma self-organization
  principles

abstract:
  The concept of plasma relaxation as a constrained energy minimization is
reviewed. Recent work by the authors on generalizing this approach to partially
relaxed three-dimensional plasma systems in a way consistent with chaos theory
is discussed, with a view to clarifying the thermodynamic aspects of the
variational approach used. Other entropy-related approaches to finding
long-time steady states of turbulent or chaotic plasma systems are also briefly
reviewed.


title: Quantum Law of Motion: Analysis and Extension to Higher Dimensions

abstract:
  In this paper, we review the recently formulated quantum laws of motion and
provide new observations. We also extend these laws to higher dimensions. By
applying in two dimensions the obtained relations to charge submitted to an
electric central potential, we decide between these laws. Furthermore, we
extend the selected law to the relativistic case in higher dimensions.


title: Sine function with a cosine attitude

abstract:
  We give a revealing expose that addresses an important issue in scattering
theory of how to construct two asymptotically sinusoidal solutions of the wave
equation with a phase shift using the same basis having the same boundary
conditions at the origin. Analytic series representations of these solutions
are obtained. In 1D, one of the solutions is an even function that behaves
asymptotically as sin(x), whereas the other is an odd function, which is
asymptotically cos(x). The latter vanishes at the origin whereas the derivative
of the former becomes zero there. Eliminating the lowest N terms of the series
makes these functions vanishingly small in an interval around the origin whose
size increases with N. We employ the tools of the J-matrix method of scattering
in the construction of these solutions in one and three dimensions.


title:
Finite Temperature Dynamical Structure Factor of Alternating Heisenberg
  Chains

abstract:
  We develop a low-temperature expansion for the finite temperature dynamical
structure factor of the spin half Heisenberg chain with alternating nearest
neighbour exchange in the limit of strong alternation of the exchange
constants. We determine both the broadening of the low lying triplet lines and
the contribution of the thermally activated intraband scattering.


title:
Optical Characterization of a New Young Stellar Population in the
  Serpens Molecular Cloud

abstract:
  We report on the results of an optical spectroscopic survey designed to
confirm the youth and determine the spectral types among a sample of young
stellar object (YSO) candidates in the Serpens Molecular Cloud. We observed 150
infrared excess objects, previously discovered by the Spitzer Legacy Program
"From Molecular Cores to Planet-Forming Disks" (c2d), bright enough for
subsequent Spitzer/IRS spectroscopy. We obtained 78 optical spectra of
sufficient S/N for analysis. Extinctions, effective temperatures and
luminosities are estimated for this sample, and used to construct H-R diagrams
for the population. We identified 20 background giants contaminating the
sample, based on their relatively high extinction, position in the H-R diagram,
the lack of Halpha emission and relatively low infrared excess. Such strong
background contamination (25%) is consistent with the location of Serpens being
close to the Galactic plane (5degrees Galactic latitude). The remaining 58
stars (75%) were all confirmed to be young, mostly K and M-type stars that are
presumed to belong to the cloud. Individual ages and masses for the YSOs are
inferred based on theoretical evolutionary models. The models indicate a spread
in stellar ages from 1 to 15 Myr, peaking at 2 - 6 Myr, and a mass distribution
of 0.2 to 1.2 Msun with median value around 0.8 Msun. Strong H emission lines
(EW[Halpha] > 3 A) have been detected in more than half of the sample (35
stars). The mass accretion rates as derived from the H line widths span a broad
distribution over 4 orders of magnitude with median accretion rate of 10^-8
Msun/yr. Our analysis shows that the majority of the infrared excess objects
detected in Serpens are actively accreting, young T-Tauri stars.


title: Stiffness Analysis Of Multi-Chain Parallel Robotic Systems

abstract:
  The paper presents a new stiffness modelling method for multi-chain parallel
robotic manipulators with flexible links and compliant actuating joints. In
contrast to other works, the method involves a FEA-based link stiffness
evaluation and employs a new solution strategy of the kinetostatic equations,
which allows computing the stiffness matrix for singular postures and to take
into account influence of the internal forces. The advantages of the developed
technique are confirmed by application examples, which deal with stiffness
analysis of the Orthoglide manipulator.


title:
Some properties of (C,E,P)-algebras : Overgneration and 0-order
  estimates

abstract:
  We give a new definition of the so-called overgenerated rings, which are the
usual tool used to define the asymptotic structure of a (C,E,P)-algebra,
written as a factor space M_{(A,E,P)}/N_{(I_{A},E,P)}. With this new definition
and in the particular case of E=C^{∞}, we show that a moderate element
i.e. in M_{(A,E,P)} is negligible if and only if it satisfies the
C⁰-order estimate for the ideal N_{(I_{A},E,P)}.


title:
On the chemistry and distribution of HOC+ in M82: More evidence for
  extensive PDRs

abstract:
  The molecular gas composition in the inner 1 kpc disk of the starburst galaxy
M82 resembles that of Galactic Photon Dominated Regions (PDRs). In particular,
large abundances of the reactive ions HOC+ and CO+ have been measured in the
nucleus of this galaxy. To investigate the origin of the large abundances of
reactive ions in M82, we have completed our previous 30m HOC+ J=1-0
observations with the higher excitation HCO+ and HOC+ J=4-3 and 3-2 rotational
lines. In addition, we have obtained with the IRAM Plateau de Bure
Interferometer (PdBI) a 4" resolution map of the HOC+ 1-0 emission, the first
ever obtained in a Galactic or extragalactic source. Our HOC+ interferometric
image shows that the emission of the HOC+ 1-0 line is mainly restricted to the
nuclear disk, with the maxima towards the E. and W. molecular peaks. In
addition, line excitation calculations imply that the HOC+ emission arises in
dense gas. Therefore, the HOC+ emission is arising in the dense PDRs embedded
in the M82 nuclear disk, rather than in the intercloud phase and/or wind. We
have improved our previous chemical model of M82 by (i) using the new version
of the Meudon PDR code, (ii) updating the chemical network, and (iii)
considering two different types of clouds (with different thickness). Most
molecular observations (HCO+, HOC+, CO+, CN, HCN, H3O+) are well explained
assuming that ~ 87 % of the mass of the molecular gas is forming small clouds
(Av=5 mag) while only ~ 13 % of the mass is in large molecular clouds (Av=50
mag). Such small number of large molecular clouds suggests that M82 is an old
starburst, where star formation has almost exhausted the molecular gas
reservoir.


title:
Numerical study of large-scale vorticity generation in shear-flow
  turbulence

abstract:
  Simulations of stochastically forced shear-flow turbulence in a
shearing-periodic domain are used to study the spontaneous generation of
large-scale flow patterns in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the
shear. Based on an analysis of the resulting large-scale velocity correlations
it is argued that the mechanism behind this phenomenon could be the
mean-vorticity dynamo effect pioneered by Elperin, Kleeorin, and Rogachevskii
in 2003 (Phys. Rev. E 68, 016311). This effect is based on the anisotropy of
the eddy viscosity tensor. One of its components may be able to replenish
cross-stream mean flows by acting upon the streamwise component of the mean
flow. Shear, in turn, closes the loop by acting upon the cross-stream mean flow
to produce stronger streamwise mean flows. The diagonal component of the eddy
viscosity is found to be of the order of the rms turbulent velocity divided by
the wavenumber of the energy-carrying eddies.


title:
Determination of exchange constants of Heusler compounds by Brillouin
  light scattering spectroscopy: application to Co$_2$MnSi

abstract:
  Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy from so-called standing spin waves in
thin magnetic films is often used to determine the magnetic exchange constant.
The data analysis of the experimentally determined spin-wave modes requires an
unambiguous assignment to the correct spin wave mode orders. Often additional
investigations are needed to guarantee correct assignment. This is particularly
important in the case of Heusler compounds where values of the exchange
constant vary substantially between different compounds. As a showcase, we
report on the determination of the exchange constant (exchange stiffness
constant) in Co$_2$MnSi, which is found to be $A=2.35\pm0.1$ $\mu$erg/cm
($D=575\pm20$ meV \AA$^2$), a value comparable to the value of the exchange
constant of Co.


title:
Structural and magnetic properties of an InGaAs/Fe$_3$Si superlattice in
  cylindrical geometry

abstract:
  The structure and the magnetic properties of an InGaAs/Fe3Si superlattice in
a cylindrical geometry are investigated by electron microscopy techniques,
x-ray diffraction and magnetometry. To form a radial superlattice, a
pseudomorphic InGaAs/Fe3As bilayer has been released from its substrate
self-forming into a rolled-up microtube. Oxide-free interfaces as well as areas
of crystalline bonding are observed and an overall lattice mismatch between
succeeding layers is determined. The cylindrical symmetry of the final radial
superlattice shows a significant effect on the magnetization behavior of the
rolled-up layers.


title: Thermopower oscillations in mesoscopic Andreev interferometers

abstract:
  Anomalously large thermopower of mesoscopic normal-metal/superconductor
interferometers has been investigated by Chandrasekhar et al. It was shown
that, depending on the geometry of the interferometer, the thermopower is
either symmetric or antisymmetric periodic function of the magnetic flux. We
develop a detailed theory of the observed thermoelectric phenomena in the
framework of the non-equilibrium quasiclassical approach. In particular we
provide, for the first time, a possible explanation of the symmetric
thermopower oscillations. This effect is attributed to the electron-hole
symmetry violation that originates in the steady-state charge imbalance between
different arms of the interferometer. Our theory can be tested by an additional
control over the charge imbalance in a modified setup geometry. We also predict
a sign reversal behavior of the thermopower with increasing temperature that is
consistent with the experiments by Parsons et al.


title: Angular and Isospin Asymmetries in the Decays B->K(*)l+l-

abstract:
  We use a sample of 384 million BBbar decays collected with the Babar detector
at the PEP-II asymmetric e+e- storage ring to study the flavor-changing neutral
current decays B->K(*)l+l-, where l+l- is either e+e- or mu+mu-. We present
measurements in two dilepton mass bins, one below the J/psi resonance and the
other above, of the lepton forward-backward asymmetry AFB and the longitudinal
K* polarization FL in B->K*l+l-, along with isospin rate asymmetries in
B->K*l+l- and B->Kl+l- final states.


title:
Brillouin light scattering study of Co$_{2}$Cr$_{0.6}$Fe$_{0.4}$Al and
  Co$_{2}$FeAl Heusler compounds

abstract:
  The thermal magnonic spectra of Co$_{2}$Cr$_{0.6}$Fe$_{0.4}$Al (CCFA) and
Co$_2$FeAl were investigated using Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy
(BLS). For CCFA, the exchange constant A (exchange stiffness D) is found to be
0.48 $\mu$erg/cm (203 meV A$^2$), while for Co$_2$FeAl the corresponding values
of 1.55 $\mu$erg/cm (370 meV A$^2$) were found. The observed asymmetry in the
BLS spectra between the Stokes and anti-Stokes frequencies was assigned to an
interplay between the asymmetrical profiles of hybridized Damon-Esbach and
perpendicular standing spin-wave modes, combined with the optical sensitivity
of the BLS signal to the upper side of the CCFA or Co$_2$FeAl film.


title:
A moment approach to analytic time-dependent solutions of the
  Fokker-Planck equation with additive and multiplicative noise

abstract:
  An efficient method is presented as a means of an approximate, analytic
time-dependent solution of the Fokker-Planck equation (FPE) for the Langevin
model subjected to additive and multiplicative noise. We have assumed that the
dynamical probability distribution function has the same structure as the exact
stationary one and that its parameters are expressed in terms of first and
second moments, whose equations of motion are determined by the FPE. Model
calculations have shown that dynamical distributions in response to applied
signal and force calculated by our moment method are in good agreement with
those obtained by the partial difference equation method. As an application of
our method, we present the time-dependent Fisher information for the
inverse-gamma distribution which is realized in the FPE including
multiplicative noise only.


title: Multivariate Determinateness

abstract:
  The uniqueness question of the multivariate moment problem is studied by
different methods: Hilbert space operators, complex function theory, polynomial
approximation, disintegration, integral geometry. Most of the known results in
the multi-dimensional case are reviewed and reproved, and a number of new
determinacy criteria are developed.


title:
From companies to colonies: The origin of Pareto-like distributions in
  ecosystems

abstract:
  Recent studies of cluster distribution in various ecosystems revealed Pareto
statistics for the size of spatial colonies. These results were supported by
cellular automata simulations that yield robust criticality for endogenous
pattern formation based on positive feedback. We show that this self-organized
criticality is a manifestation of the law of proportionate effect, first
discovered in the context of business firm size. Mapping the stochastic model
to a Markov birth-death process, the transition rates are shown to scale
linearly with cluster size. This mapping provides a connection between patch
statistics and the dynamics of the ecosystem; the "first passage time" for
different colonies emerges as a powerful tool that discriminates between
endogenous and exogenous clustering mechanisms. Imminent catastrophic shifts
(like desertification) manifest themselves in a drastic change of the stability
properties of spatial colonies, as the chance of a cluster to disappear depends
logarithmically, rather than linearly, on its size.


title:
Structural properties of acyclic heaps of pieces with Kazhdan--Lusztig
  theory

abstract:
  We introduce the notions of boundary vertex, linear equivalence and effective
boundary vertex in the context of Viennot's heaps of pieces. We prove that in
the heap of a fully commutative element in a star reducible Coxeter group,
every boundary vertex is linearly equivalent to an effective boundary vertex.
Using this result, we establish Property W (in the sense of math.QA/0509363)
for star reducible Coxeter groups; this corrects a mistake in the latter paper.


title:
And the Rest: The Stellar Archeological Record of M82 Outside the
  Central Starburst

abstract:
  Deep images obtained with MegaCam and WIRCam on the Canada-France-Hawaii
Telescope are used to probe the stellar content outside of the central
star-forming regions of M82. Stars evolving on the asymptotic giant branch
(AGB) are traced along the major axis out to projected distances of 12 kpc,
which corresponds to 13 disk scale lengths. The specific frequency (SF) of
bright AGB stars in the outer disks of M82 and the Sc galaxy NGC 2403 are
identical, suggesting that the specific star formation rates (SFR) in these
galaxies during intermediate epochs were similar. This similarity in stellar
content, coupled with the presence of an extended stellar disk, is consistent
with M82 having been a late-type disk galaxy prior to interacting with M81.
Still, there is a paucity of red supergiants (RSGs) in the outer disk of M82
when compared with NGC 2403, indicating that the SFR in the outer regions of
M82 during the past ~ 0.1 Gyr has declined dramatically with respect to that in
isolated late-type galaxies. A mixture of bright main sequence stars, RSGs, and
AGB stars are detected out to minor axis distances of 7 kpc along the outflow.
It is suggested that the young and intermediate aged stars in the extraplanar
regions formed in structures similar to M82 South, and that these were
subsequently disrupted by the tidal action of M82.


title: Parastatistics Algebra, Young Tableaux and the Super Plactic Monoid

abstract:
  The parastatistics algebra is a superalgebra with (even) parafermi and (odd)
parabose creation and annihilation operators. The states in the parastatistics
Fock-like space are shown to be in one-to-one correspondence with the Super
Semistandard Young Tableaux (SSYT) subject to further constraints. The
deformation of the parastatistics algebra gives rise to a monoidal structure on
the SSYT which is a super-counterpart of the plactic monoid.


title: Permanence criteria for semi-free profinite groups

abstract:
  We introduce the condition of a profinite group being semi-free, which is
more general than being free and more restrictive than being quasi-free. In
particular, every projective semi-free profinite group is free. We prove that
the usual permanence properties of free groups carry over to semi-free groups.
Using this, we conclude that if k is a separably closed field, then many field
extensions of k((x,y)) have free absolute Galois groups.