title: Surprising attractive potential barriers and repulsive wells

abstract:
  The fundamental fact is revealed that in the old good quantum mechanics there
is possible such unexpected inversion: potential barriers can drag in
wave-particles and wells can push them off.


title:
Hybrid exchange-correlation functional for accurate prediction of the
  electronic and structural properties of ferroelectric oxides

abstract:
  Using a linear combination of atomic orbitals approach, we report a
systematic comparison of various Density Functional Theory (DFT) and hybrid
exchange-correlation functionals for the prediction of the electronic and
structural properties of prototypical ferroelectric oxides. It is found that
none of the available functionals is able to provide, at the same time,
accurate electronic and structural properties of the cubic and tetragonal
phases of BaTiO$_3$ and PbTiO$_3$. Some, although not all, usual DFT
functionals predict the structure with acceptable accuracy, but always
underestimate the electronic band gaps. Conversely, common hybrid functionals
yield an improved description of the band gaps, but overestimate the volume and
atomic distortions associated to ferroelectricity, giving rise to an
unacceptably large $c/a$ ratio for the tetragonal phases of both compounds.
This super-tetragonality is found to be induced mainly by the exchange energy
corresponding to the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) and, to a lesser
extent, by the exact exchange term of the hybrid functional. We thus propose an
alternative functional that mixes exact exchange with the recently proposed GGA
of Wu and Cohen [Phys. Rev. B 73, 235116 (2006)] which, for solids, improves
over the treatment of exchange of the most usual GGA's. The new functional
renders an accurate description of both the structural and electronic
properties of typical ferroelectric oxides.


title: Spin Glass Identities and the Nishimori Line

abstract:
  For a general spin glass model with asymmetric couplings we prove a family of
identities involving expectations of generalized overlaps and magnetizations in
the quenched state. Those identities holds pointwise in the Nishimori line and
are reached at the rate of the inverse volume while, in the general case, they
can be proved in integral average.


title:
Reply to Comment on ``Analysis of the spatial distribution between
  successive earthquakes''

abstract:
  This is a reply to the Comment on ``Analysis of the spatial distribution
between successive earthquakes'' by Maximilian Jonas Werner and Didier
Sornette.


title: Which powers of holomorphic functions are integrable?

abstract:
  We show that every limit of log canonical thresholds of n-variable functions
is also a log canonical threshold of an (n-1)-variable function.


title: Generating Tree Amplitudes in N=4 SYM and N=8 SG

abstract:
  We study n-point tree amplitudes of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory and N=8
supergravity for general configurations of external particles of the two
theories. We construct generating functions for n-point MHV and NMHV amplitudes
with general external states. Amplitudes derived from them obey SUSY Ward
identities, and the generating functions characterize and count amplitudes in
the MHV and NMHV sectors. The MHV generating function provides an efficient way
to perform the intermediate state helicity sums required to obtain loop
amplitudes from trees. The NMHV generating functions rely on the MHV-vertex
expansion obtained from recursion relations associated with a 3-line shift of
external momenta involving a reference spinor |X]. The recursion relations
remain valid for a subset of N=8 supergravity amplitudes which do not vanish
asymptotically for all |X]. The MHV-vertex expansion of the n-graviton NMHV
amplitude for n=5,6,...,11 is independent of |X] and exhibits the asymptotic
behavior z^{n-12}. This presages difficulties for n > 12. Generating functions
show how the symmetries of supergravity can be implemented in the quadratic map
between supergravity and gauge theory embodied in the KLT and other similar
relations between amplitudes in the two theories.


title: Observation of Rydberg blockade between two atoms

abstract:
  We demonstrate experimentally that a single Rb atom excited to the
$79d_{5/2}$ level blocks the subsequent excitation of a second atom located
more than $10 \mu\rm m$ away. The observed probability of double excitation of
$\sim 30%$ is consistent with a theoretical model based on calculations of the
long range dipole-dipole interaction between atoms.


title:
Blind Date: Using proper motions to determine the ages of historical
  images

abstract:
  Astrometric calibration is based on patterns of cataloged stars and therefore
effectively assumes a particular epoch, which can be substantially incorrect
for historical images. With the known proper motions of stars we can "run back
the clock" to an approximation of the night sky in any given year, and in
principle the year that best fits stellar patterns in any given image is an
estimate of the year in which that image was taken. In this paper we use 47
scanned photographic images of M44 spanning years 1910-1975 to demonstrate this
technique. We use only the pixel information in the images; we use no prior
information or meta-data about image pointing, scale, orientation, or date.
Blind Date returns date meta-data for the input images. It also improves the
astrometric calibration of the image because the final astrometric calibration
is performed at the appropriate epoch. The accuracy and reliability of Blind
Date are functions of image size, pointing, angular resolution, and depth;
performance is related to the sum of proper-motion signal-to-noise ratios for
catalog stars measured in the input image. All of the science-quality images
and 85 percent of the low-quality images in our sample of photographic plate
images of M44 have their dates reliably determined to within a decade, many to
within months.


title:
Pion pole light-by-light contribution to g-2 of the muon in a nonlocal
  chiral quark model

abstract:
  We calculate the pion pole term of the light-by-light contribution to the
$g-2$ of the muon in the framework of an effective chiral quark model with
instanton-like nonlocal quark--quark interaction. The full kinematic dependence
of the pion-photon transition form factors is taken into account. The
dependence of form factors on the pion virtuality decreases the result by about
15% in comparison to the calculation where this dependence is neglected.
Further, it is demonstrated that the QCD constraints suggested by Melnikov and
Vainshtein are satisfied within the model. The corresponding contributions
originate from the box diagram as well from the pion-pole term. Our chiral
nonlocal model result for the pion-pole light-by-light contribution to
$(g-2)/2$ of the muon is $(6.3-6.7) \cdot10^{-10}$, which is in the ball park
of other effective-model calculations.


title:
Nonlinear Waves in Bose-Einstein Condensates: Physical Relevance and
  Mathematical Techniques

abstract:
  The aim of the present review is to introduce the reader to some of the
physical notions and of the mathematical methods that are relevant to the study
of nonlinear waves in Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs). Upon introducing the
general framework, we discuss the prototypical models that are relevant to this
setting for different dimensions and different potentials confining the atoms.
We analyze some of the model properties and explore their typical wave
solutions (plane wave solutions, bright, dark, gap solitons, as well as
vortices). We then offer a collection of mathematical methods that can be used
to understand the existence, stability and dynamics of nonlinear waves in such
BECs, either directly or starting from different types of limits (e.g., the
linear or the nonlinear limit, or the discrete limit of the corresponding
equation). Finally, we consider some special topics involving more recent
developments, and experimental setups in which there is still considerable need
for developing mathematical as well as computational tools.


title: Dendriform Equations

abstract:
  We investigate solutions for a particular class of linear equations in
dendriform algebras. Motivations as well as several applications are provided.
The latter follow naturally from the intimate link between dendriform algebras
and Rota-Baxter operators, e.g. the Riemann integral or Jackson's q-integral.


title: Evolution of Oscillating Scalar Fields as Dark Energy

abstract:
  Oscillating scalar fields, with an oscillation frequency much greater than
the expansion rate, have been proposed as models for dark energy. We examine
these models, with particular emphasis on the evolution of the ratio of the
oscillation frequency to the expansion rate. We show that this ratio always
increases with time if the dark energy density declines less rapidly than the
background energy density. This allows us to classify oscillating dark energy
models in terms of the epoch at which the oscillation frequency exceeds the
expansion rate, which is effectively the time at which rapid oscillations
begin. There are three basic types of behavior: early oscillation models, in
which oscillations begin during the matter-dominated era, late oscillation
models, in which oscillations begin after scalar-field domination, and
non-oscillating models. We examine a representative set of models (those with
power-law potentials) and determine the parameter range giving acceptable
agreement with the supernova observations. We show that a subset of all three
classes of models can be consistent with the observational data.


title:
Pulsation-Initiated Mass Loss in Luminous Blue Variables: A Parameter
  Study

abstract:
  Luminous blue variables (LBVs) are characterized by semi-periodic episodes of
enhanced mass-loss, or outburst. The cause of these outbursts has thus far been
a mystery. One explanation is that they are initiated by kappa-effect
pulsations in the atmosphere caused by an increase in luminosity at
temperatures near the so-called ``iron bump'' (T ~ 200,000 K), where the Fe
opacity suddenly increases. Due to a lag in the onset of convection, this
luminosity can build until it exceeds the Eddington limit locally, seeding
pulsations and possibly driving some mass from the star. We present some
preliminary results from a parameter study focusing on the conditions necessary
to trigger normal S-Dor type (as opposed to extreme eta-Car type) outbursts. We
find that as Y increases or Z decreases, the pulsational amplitude decreases
and outburst-like behavior, indicated by a large, sudden increase in
photospheric velocity, becomes likes likely.


title:
Controlled insertion and retrieval of atoms coupled to a high-finesse
  optical resonator

abstract:
  We experimentally investigate the interaction between one and two atoms and
the field of a high-finesse optical resonator. Laser-cooled caesium atoms are
transported into the cavity using an optical dipole trap. We monitor the
interaction dynamics of a single atom strongly coupled to the resonator mode
for several hundred milliseconds by observing the cavity transmission.
Moreover, we investigate the position-dependent coupling of one and two atoms
by shuttling them through the cavity mode. We demonstrate an alternative
method, which suppresses heating effects, to analyze the atom-field interaction
by retrieving the atom from the cavity and by measuring its final state.


title: Sponsored Search Auctions with Markovian Users

abstract:
  Sponsored search involves running an auction among advertisers who bid in
order to have their ad shown next to search results for specific keywords.
Currently, the most popular auction for sponsored search is the "Generalized
Second Price" (GSP) auction in which advertisers are assigned to slots in the
decreasing order of their "score," which is defined as the product of their bid
and click-through rate. In the past few years, there has been significant
research on the game-theoretic issues that arise in an advertiser's interaction
with the mechanism as well as possible redesigns of the mechanism, but this
ranking order has remained standard.
  From a search engine's perspective, the fundamental question is: what is the
best assignment of advertisers to slots? Here "best" could mean "maximizing
user satisfaction," "most efficient," "revenue-maximizing," "simplest to
interact with," or a combination of these. To answer this question we need to
understand the behavior of a search engine user when she sees the displayed
ads, since that defines the commodity the advertisers are bidding on, and its
value. Most prior work has assumed that the probability of a user clicking on
an ad is independent of the other ads shown on the page.
  We propose a simple Markovian user model that does not make this assumption.
We then present an algorithm to determine the most efficient assignment under
this model, which turns out to be different than that of GSP. A truthful
auction then follows from an application of the Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG)
mechanism. Further, we show that our assignment has many of the desirable
properties of GSP that makes bidding intuitive. At the technical core of our
result are a number of insights about the structure of the optimal assignment.


title:
On the noncommutative fields method in the three-dimensional Yang-Mills
  theory

abstract:
  We apply the noncommutative fields method to the three-dimensional
non-Abelian gauge theory. We find that, first, implementing the
noncommutativity between the canonical momenta implies in generation of the
non-Abelian Chern-Simons term, second, if one introduces the noncommutativity
between the field operators, the higher derivative terms would arise.


title:
Modeling electromagnetic form factors of light and heavy pseudoscalar
  mesons

abstract:
  The electromagnetic form factors of light and heavy pseudoscalar mesons are
calculated within two covariant constituent-quark models, a light-front and a
dispersion relation approach. We investigate the details and physical origins
of the model dependence of various hadronic observables: the weak decay
constant, the charge radius and the elastic electromagnetic form factor.


title: Negative refraction by a virtual photonic lattice

abstract:
  Research on photonics and metamaterials constantly challenges our intuitive
understanding of the behaviour of light. In recent years we have seen negative
refraction, focusing of light by a flat slab, a ``perfect'' prism, and an
``invisibility cloak'' [1-6]. It is generally understood that the cause of this
unusual behaviour is the strong (anomalous) dispersion, i.e., dependence of the
material properties on the frequency of light. Dispersion can be either due to
a natural microscopic resonance of the material as with surface
plasmons-polaritons, or due to an effective resonance (band-gap) of the
periodic lattice as in photonics [7-9]. Metamaterials take the better of the
two approaches representing a periodic array of designer subwavelength
particles tuned to resonate at a specific frequency-band. At present, however,
we have only a very basic understanding of the effect which a finite size of a
sample of a periodic photonic crystal or metamaterial has on the macroscopic
properties such as refraction. Yet every finite dielectric object is a
moderate-quality resonator whose eigenmodes form a virtual photonic lattice
with its own angular band-gaps and preferred directions of propagation. Here we
show that this virtual lattice produces nontrivial real effects and that even a
homogeneous dielectric resonator may refract negatively without either negative
or periodically modulated permittivity/permeability. We also propose a simple
way to control the period of this virtual photonic lattice by varying the
transverse dimension of the resonator. Our research shows the importance of
three-dimensional resonant phenomena in optics and may result in new optical
devices with unusual properties.


title:
Sutherland-type Trigonometric Models, Trigonometric Invariants and
  Multivariate Polynomials

abstract:
  It is conjectured that any trigonometric Olshanetsky-Perelomov Hamiltonian
written in Fundamental Trigonometric Invariants (FTI) as coordinates takes an
algebraic form and preserves an infinite flag of spaces of polynomials. It is
shown that try-and-guess variables which led to the algebraic form of
trigonometric Olshanetsky-Perelomov Hamiltonians related to root spaces of the
classical $A_N, B_N, C_N, D_N, BC_N$ and exceptional $G_2, F_4$ Lie algebras
are FTI. This conjecture is also confirmed for the trigonometric $E_6$
Olshanetsky-Perelomov Hamiltonian whose algebraic form is found with the use of
FTI.


title: Dark Rate of a Photomultiplier at Cryogenic Temperatures

abstract:
  When cooled below room temperature, the pulse response of a photomultiplier
in the absence of light (dark rate) initially decreases, but then turns around
near 250 K and continues to rise all the way down to 4 K. When the
photomultiplier is cold, its dark response is burst-like. We have measured the
characteristics of the dark response of a photomultiplier.


title: Modeling water emission from low-mass protostellar envelopes

abstract:
  Within low-mass star formation, water vapor plays a key role in the chemistry
and energy balance of the circumstellar material. The Herschel Space
Observatory will open up the possibility to observe water lines originating
from a wide range of excitation energies.Our aim is to simulate the emission of
rotational water lines from envelopes characteristic of embedded low-mass
protostars. A large number of parameters that influence the water line emission
are explored: luminosity, density,density slope and water abundances.Both dust
and water emission are modelled using full radiative transfer in spherical
symmetry. The temperature profile is calculated for a given density profile.
The H2O level populations and emission profiles are in turn computed with a
non-LTE line code. The results are analyzed to determine the diagnostic value
of different lines, and are compared with existing observations. Lines can be
categorized in: (i) optically thick lines, including ground-state lines, mostly
sensitive to the cold outer part; (ii) highly excited (E_u>200-250 K) optically
thin lines sensitive to the abundance in the hot inner part; and (iii) lines
which vary from optically thick to thin depending on the abundances. Dust
influences the emission of water significantly by becoming optically thick at
the higher frequencies, and by pumping optically thin lines. A good physical
model of a source, including a correct treatment of dust, is a prerequisite to
infer the water abundance structure and possible jumps at the evaporation
temperature from observations. The inner warm (T>100 K) envelope can be probed
byhighly-excited lines, while a combination of excited and spectrally resolved
ground state lines probes the outer envelope. Observations of H218O lines,
although weak, provide even stronger constraints on abundances.


title:
The Contribution of Radio Selected Star Forming Galaxies to the IR
  Energy Density Budget

abstract:
  We have used several different methods (radio morphology, radio spectral
index, mid-IR to radio and near-IR to radio flux density ratios) to
discriminate between AGN and SFGs in faint, sub-mJy radio surveys. We find that
the latter two methods are the most powerful with current multi-wavelength
data, but that future radio surveys with eMERLIN, LOFAR etc. (and ultimately
the SKA) will greatly increase the power of the morphology and spectral index
methods. As an example of the science possible we derive the IR luminosity
density from the radio-selected SFGs using the radio/IR luminosity correlation.
We also examine the contribution by luminosity to the total IR luminosity
density and find evidence that fraction of LIRGs remains constant or decreases
above z=1 while the relative fraction of ULIRGs continues to increase up to
z=2.5.


title: Splitting Polytopes

abstract:
  A split of a polytope $P$ is a (regular) subdivision with exactly two maximal
cells. It turns out that each weight function on the vertices of $P$ admits a
unique decomposition as a linear combination of weight functions corresponding
to the splits of $P$ (with a split prime remainder). This generalizes a result
of Bandelt and Dress [Adv. Math. 92 (1992)] on the decomposition of finite
metric spaces.
  Introducing the concept of compatibility of splits gives rise to a finite
simplicial complex associated with any polytope $P$, the split complex of $P$.
Complete descriptions of the split complexes of all hypersimplices are
obtained. Moreover, it is shown that these complexes arise as subcomplexes of
the tropical (pre-)Grassmannians of Speyer and Sturmfels [Adv. Geom. 4 (2004)].


title: Square-free discriminants of Frobenius rings

abstract:
  Let $E$ be an elliptic curve over $\Q$. It is well known that the ring of
endomorphisms of $E_p$, the reduction of $E$ modulo a prime $p$ of ordinary
reduction, is an order of the quadratic imaginary field $Q(\pi_p)$ generated by
the Frobenius element $\pi_p$. When the curve has complex multiplication (CM),
this is always a fixed field as the prime varies. However, when the curve has
no CM, very little is known, not only about the order, but about the fields
that might appear as algebra of endomorphisms varying the prime. The ring of
endomorphisms is obviously related with the arithmetic of $a_p^2-4p$, the
discriminant of the characteristic polynomial of the Frobenius element. In this
paper, we are interested in the function $\pi_{E,r,h}(x)$ counting the number
of primes $p$ up to $x$ such that $a_p^2-4p$ is square-free and in the
congruence class $r$ modulo $h$. We give in this paper the precise asymptotic
for $\pi_{E,r,h}(x)$ when averaging over elliptic curves defined over the
rationals, and we discuss the relation of this result with the Lang-Trotter
conjecture, and with some other problems related to the curve modulo $p$.


title: Finding and investigating exact spherical codes

abstract:
  In this paper we present the results of computer searches using a variation
of an energy minimization algorithm used by Kottwitz for finding good spherical
codes. We prove that exact codes exist by representing the inner products
between the vectors as algebraic numbers. For selected interesting cases, we
include detailed discussion of the configurations. Of particular interest are
the 20-point code in $\mathbb{R}^6$ and the 24-point code in $\mathbb{R}^7$,
which are both the union of two cross polytopes in parallel hyperplanes.
Finally, we catalogue all of the codes we have found.


title:
A Precise Estimate of the Radius of the Exoplanet HD 149026b from
  Spitzer Photometry

abstract:
  We present Spitzer 8 micron transit observations of the extrasolar planet HD
149026b. At this wavelength, transit light curves are weakly affected by
stellar limb-darkening, allowing for a simpler and more accurate determination
of planetary parameters. We measure a planet-star radius ratio of Rp/Rs =
0.05158 +/- 0.00077, and in combination with ground-based data and independent
constraints on the stellar mass and radius, we derive an orbital inclination of
i = 85.4 +0.9/-0.8 degrees and a planet radius of Rp = 0.755 +/- 0.040 R_jup.
These measurements further support models in which the planet is greatly
enriched in heavy elements.


title:
Asymptotic normality of wavelet estimators of the memory parameter for
  linear processes

abstract:
  We consider linear processes, not necessarily Gaussian, with long, short or
negative memory. The memory parameter is estimated semi-parametrically using
wavelets from a sample $X_1,...,X_n$ of the process. We treat both the
log-regression wavelet estimator and the wavelet Whittle estimator. We show
that these estimators are asymptotically normal as the sample size $n\to\infty$
and we obtain an explicit expression for the limit variance. These results are
derived from a general result on the asymptotic normality of the empirical
scalogram for linear processes, conveniently centered and normalized. The
scalogram is an array of quadratic forms of the observed sample, computed from
the wavelet coefficients of this sample. In contrast with quadratic forms
computed on the Fourier coefficients such as the periodogram, the scalogram
involves correlations which do not vanish as the sample size $n\to\infty$.


title: Central Limit Theorems for arrays of decimated linear processes

abstract:
  Linear processes are defined as a discrete-time convolution between a kernel
and an infinite sequence of i.i.d. random variables. We modify this convolution
by introducing decimation, that is, by stretching time accordingly. We then
establish central limit theorems for arrays of squares of such decimated
processes. These theorems are used to obtain the asymptotic behavior of
estimators of the spectral density at specific frequencies. Another
application, treated elsewhere, concerns the estimation of the long-memory
parameter in time-series, using wavelets.


title: Recent results from BRAHMS

abstract:
  The BRAHMS collaboration ended its data collection program in 2006. We are
now well advanced in the analysis of a comprehensive set of data that spans
systems ranging in mass from p+p to Au+Au and in energy from $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =
62.4$ to 200 GeV. Our analysis has taken two distinct paths: we explore the
rapidity dependence of intermediate and high-transverse-momentum,
identified-particle production, thus helping to characterize the
strongly-interacting quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) formed at RHIC; we also explore
particle yields at lower transverse momentum to develop a systematic
understanding of bulk particle production at RHIC energies.


title:
Limits on Neutron Lorentz Violation from the Stability of Primary Cosmic
  Ray Protons

abstract:
  Recent evidence appears to confirm that the ultra-high-energy primary cosmic
ray spectrum consists mostly of protons. The fact that these protons can
traverse large distances to reach Earth allows us to place bounds on Lorentz
violations. The protons neither emit vacuum Cerenkov radiation nor
$\beta$-decay into neutrons, and this constrains six previously unmeasured
coefficients in the neutron sector at the 5 x 10^(-14) level. Among the
coefficients bounded here for the first time are those that control
spin-independent boost anisotropy for neutrons. This is a phenomenon which
could have existed (in light of the preexisting bounds) without additional fine
tuning. There are also similar bounds for others species of hadrons. The bounds
on Lorentz violation for neutral pions are particularly strong, at the 4 x
10^(-21) level, eleven orders of magnitude better than previous constraints.


title: A new queueing strategy for the Adversarial Queueing Theory

abstract:
  In the today's Internet and TCP/IP-networks, the queueing of packets is
commonly implemented using the protocol FIFO (First In First Out).
Unfortunately, FIFO performs poorly in the Adversarial Queueing Theory. Other
queueing strategies are researched in this model and better results are
performed by alternative queueing strategies, e.g. LIS (Longest In System).
This article introduces a new queueing protocol called interval-strategy that
is concerned with the reduction from dynamic to static routing. We discuss the
maximum system time for a packet and estimate with up-to-date results how this
can be achieved. We figure out the maximum amount of time where a packet can
spend in the network (i.e. worst case system time), and argue that the
universal instability of the presented interval-strategy can be reached through
these results. When a large group of queueing strategies is used for queueing,
we prove that the interval-strategy will be universally unstable. Finally, we
calculate the maximum time of the static routing to reach an universal stable
and polynomial - in detail linear - bounded interval-strategy. Afterwards we
close - in order to check this upper bound - with up-to-date results about the
delivery times in static routing.


title: Relational Parametricity and Separation Logic

abstract:
  Separation logic is a recent extension of Hoare logic for reasoning about
programs with references to shared mutable data structures. In this paper, we
provide a new interpretation of the logic for a programming language with
higher types. Our interpretation is based on Reynolds's relational
parametricity, and it provides a formal connection between separation logic and
data abstraction.


title: Thermalization in SU(3) gauge theory after a deconfining quench

abstract:
  We determine the time evolution of fluctuations of the Polyakov loop after a
quench into the deconfined phase of SU(3) gauge theory from a simple classical
relativistic Lagrangian. We compare the structure factors, which indicate
spinodal decomposition followed by relaxation, to those obtained via Markov
Chain Monte Carlo techniques in SU(3) lattice gauge theory. We find that the
time when the structure factor peaks diverges like $\sim 1/k^2$ in the
long-wavelength limit. This is due to formation of competing Z(3) domains for
configurations where the Polyakov loop exhibits non-perturbatively large
variations in space, which delay thermalization of long wavelength modes. For
realistic temperatures, and away from the extreme weak-coupling limit, we find
that even modes with $k$ on the order of $T$ experience delayed thermalization.
Relaxation times of very long wavelength modes are found to be on the order of
the size of the system; thus, the dynamics of competing domains should
accompany the hydrodynamic description of the deconfined vacuum.


title: AGNOSCO - Identification of Infected Nodes with artificial Ant Colonies

abstract:
  If a computer node is infected by a virus, worm or a backdoor, then this is a
security risk for the complete network structure where the node is associated.
Existing Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) provide a certain amount of
support for the identification of such infected nodes but suffer from the need
of plenty of communication and computational power. In this article, we present
a novel approach called AGNOSCO to support the identification of infected nodes
through the usage of artificial ant colonies. It is shown that AGNOSCO
overcomes the communication and computational power problem while identifying
infected nodes properly.


title:
Number of particle creation and decoherence in the nonideal dynamical
  Casimir effect at finite temperature

abstract:
  In this work we investigate the dynamical Casimir effect in a nonideal cavity
by deriving an effective Hamiltonian. We first compute a general expression for
the average number of particle creation, applicable for any law of motion of
the cavity boundary. We also compute a general expression for the linear
entropy of an arbitrary state prepared in a selected mode, also applicable for
any law of motion of the cavity boundary. As an application of our results we
have analyzed both the average number of particle creation and linear entropy
within a particular oscillatory motion of the cavity boundary. On the basis of
these expressions we develop a comprehensive analysis of the resonances in the
number of particle creation in the nonideal dynamical Casimir effect. We also
demonstrate the occurrence of resonances in the loss of purity of the initial
state and estimate the decoherence times associated with these resonances.


title: Notes on character sheaves

abstract:
  In the first section we study a functor of Bezrukavnikov, Finkelberg and
Ostrik defined on character sheaves; we compute it in a Grothendieck group
taking weights into account. In the second section we enlarge the class of
character sheaves to a larger class of simple perverse sheaves which behaves
well under tensor product (unlike the character sheaves themselves).


title: Magnetoasymmetric current fluctuations of single-electron tunneling

abstract:
  We determine the shot noise asymmetry of a quantum dot under reversal of an
external magnetic field. The dot is coupled to edge states which invert their
chirality when the field is reversed, leading to a magnetoasymmetric
electrochemical potential in the nanostructure. Surprisingly, we find an exact
relation between the magnetoasymmetries corresponding to the nonlinear
conductance and the shot noise to leading order in the applied bias, implying a
higher-order fluctuation-dissipation relationship. Our calculations also show a
magnetoasymmetry of the full probability distribution of the transferred
charge.


title:
Ground-based detection of sodium in the transmission spectrum of
  exoplanet HD209458b

abstract:
  [Context] The first detection of an atmosphere around an extrasolar planet
was presented by Charbonneau and collaborators in 2002. In the optical
transmission spectrum of the transiting exoplanet HD209458b, an absorption
signal from sodium was measured at a level of 0.023+-0.006%, using the STIS
spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. Despite several attempts, so far
only upper limits to the Na D absorption have been obtained using telescopes
from the ground, and the HST result has yet to be confirmed.
  [Aims] The aims of this paper are to re-analyse data taken with the High
Dispersion Spectrograph on the Subaru telescope, to correct for systematic
effects dominating the data quality, and to improve on previous results
presented in the literature.
  [Methods] The data reduction process was altered in several places, most
importantly allowing for small shifts in the wavelength solution. The relative
depth of all lines in the spectra, including the two sodium D lines, are found
to correlate strongly with the continuum count level in the spectra. These
variations are attributed to non-linearity effects in the CCDs. After removal
of this empirical relation the uncertainties in the line depths are only a
fraction above that expected from photon statistics.
  [Results] The sodium absorption due to the planet's atmosphere is detected at
>5 sigma, at a level of 0.056+-0.007% (2x3.0 Ang band), 0.070+-0.011% (2x1.5
Ang band), and 0.135+-0.017% (2x0.75 Ang band). There is no evidence that the
planetary absorption signal is shifted with respect to the stellar absorption,
as recently claimed for HD189733b. The measurements in the two most narrow
bands indicate that some signal is being resolved.[abridged]


title: Large-scale modulation of star formation in void walls

abstract:
  We perform a statistical study of the characteristics of galaxies in voids
and void walls in the SDSS and 2dFGRS catalogues. We investigate dependencies
of the distribution of galaxy spectral types and colours as a function of the
relative position to the void centres for different luminosity and local
density ranges. We find a trend towards bluer, star forming galaxies in void
walls beyond the local density dependence. These results indicate that
luminosity and local density do not entirely determine the distribution of
galaxy properties such as colours and spectral types, and point towards a large
scale modulation of star formation. We argue that this effect is due to the
lower accretion and merger history of galaxies arriving at void walls from the
emptier inner void regions.


title: Stellar Populations of Late-Type Bulges at z=1 in the HUDF

abstract:
  We combine the exceptional depth of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF) images
and the deep GRism ACS Program for Extragalactic Science (GRAPES) grism
spectroscopy to explore the stellar populations of 34 bulges belonging to
late-type galaxies at z=0.8-1.3. The sample is selected based on the presence
of a noticeable 4000A break in their GRAPES spectra, and by visual inspection
of the HUDF images. The HUDF images are used to measure bulge color and Sersic
index. The narrow extraction of the GRAPES data around the galaxy center
enables us to study the spectrum of the bulges in these late-type galaxies,
minimizing the contamination from the disk of the galaxy. We use the low
resolution (R~50) spectral energy distribution (SED) around the 4000A break to
estimate redshifts and stellar ages. The SEDs are compared with models of
galactic chemical evolution to determine the stellar mass, and to characterize
the age distribution. We find that, (1) the average age of late-type bulges in
our sample is ~1.3 Gyr with stellar masses in the range log(M)=6.5-10 solar.
(2) Late-type bulges are younger than early-type galaxies at similar redshifts
and lack a trend of age with respect to redshift, suggesting a more extended
period of star formation. (3) Bulges and inner disks in these late-type
galaxies show similar stellar populations, and (4) late-type bulges are better
fitted by exponential surface brightness profiles. The overall picture emerging
from the GRAPES data is that, in late-type galaxies at z=1, bulges form through
secular evolution and disks via an inside-out process.


title: Real Mirror Symmetry for One-parameter Hypersurfaces

abstract:
  We study open string mirror symmetry for one-parameter Calabi-Yau
hypersurfaces in weighted projective space. We identify mirror pairs of D-brane
configurations, derive the corresponding inhomogeneous Picard-Fuchs equations,
and solve for the domainwall tensions as analytic functions over moduli space.
Our calculations exemplify several features that had not been seen in previous
work on the quintic or local Calabi-Yau manifolds. We comment on the
calculation of loop amplitudes.


title:
Are dry mergers of Ellipticals the way to reconcile model predictions
  with the downsizing?

abstract:
  To show that the bulk of the star formation and the galaxy assembly should
occur simultaneously in order to reproduce at the same time the downsizing and
the chemical properties of present-day massive spheroids within one effective
radius.By means of chemical evolution models we create galactic building blocks
of several masses and different chemical properties. We then construct a sample
of possible merger histories going from a multiple minor merger scenario to a
single major merger event aimed at reproducing a single massive elliptical
galaxy. We compare our results against the mass-[Mg/Fe] and the
mass-metallicity relations. We found that a series of multiple dry-mergers (no
star formation in connection with the merger) involving building-blocks which
have been created ad hoc in order to satisfy the [Mg/Fe]-mass relation cannot
fit the mass-metallicity relation and viceversa. A major dry merger, instead,
does not worsen the agreement with observation if it happens between galaxies
which already obey to both the mass- or sigma-[Mg/Fe] and the mass-(sigma-)
metallicity relations. However, this process alone cannot explain the physical
reasons for these trends. Dry mergers alone cannot be the way to reconcile the
need of a more efficient star formation in the most massive galaxies with the
late time assembly suggested in the hierarchical paradigm in order to recover
the galaxy downsizing.


title: A Percolation-Theoretic Approach to Spin Glass Phase Transitions

abstract:
  The magnetically ordered, low temperature phase of Ising ferro- magnets is
manifested within the associated Fortuin-Kasteleyn (FK) random cluster
representation by the occurrence of a single positive density percolating
cluster. In this paper, we review our recent work on the percolation signature
for Ising spin glass ordering -- both in the short-range Edwards-Anderson (EA)
and infinite-range Sherrington-Kirkpatrick (SK) models -- within a two-replica
FK representation and also in the different Chayes-Machta-Redner two-replica
graphical representation. Numerical studies of the $\pm J$ EA model in
dimension three and rigorous results for the SK model are consistent in
supporting the conclusion that the signature of spin-glass order in these
models is the existence of a single percolating cluster of maximal density
normally coexisting with a second percolating cluster of lower density.


title:
Proper Motion of Milky Way Dwarf Spheroidals from Line-of-Sight
  Velocities

abstract:
  Proper motions for several Milky Way dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies have
been determined using both ground and space-based imaging. These measurements
require long baselines and repeat observations and typical errors are of order
ten milli-arcseconds per century. In this paper, we utilize the effect of
"perspective rotation" to show that systematic proper motion of some dSphs can
be determined to a similar precision using only stellar line-of-sight
velocities. We show that including the effects of small intrinsic rotation in
dSphs increases the proper motion errors by about a factor of two. We provide
error projections for future data sets, and show that proposed thirty meter
class telescopes will measure the proper motion of a few dSphs with
milli-arcsecond per century precision.


title:
Unveiling the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Nature of Mrk 573 using
  near-Infrared spectroscopy

abstract:
  In this letter we present clear evidence that Mrk 573 is an obscured
Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1) and not an archetypal Seyfert 2, as it has been
classified until now. Only three galaxies have been proposed as members of this
class, prior to this work. Here we report near-infrared spectroscopic data
taken with LIRIS on the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope (WHT). Our high
quality near-infrared nuclear spectrum in the 0.88-1.35 micron wavelength range
shows the permitted O I 1.128,1.317 micron narrow lines, the Fe II 9200-\AA
lines and the Fe II 1-micron lines, together with a relatively broad component
(~1700 km/s) of Paschen Beta. These features can originate only in an optically
thick high density region, similar to those observed in the Broad Line Region
(BLR).


title:
Voids in the 2dFGRS and LCDM simulations: spatial and dynamical
  properties

abstract:
  We perform a statistical study on the distribution and dynamics of voids in
the 2dFGRS. Our statistics are tested and calibrated using mock 2dFGRS
catalogues. We analyse the dynamics around voids in mock and real 2dFGRS
surveys. The void-galaxy cross-correlation redshift-space distortions show
evidence of the continuing growth of voids, confirming another prediction of
the hierarchical clustering scenario. A non-linear outflow model can be used to
provide quantitative estimates of the outflow velocities around 2dFGRS voids.
These results are consistent with maximum outflows of 110km/s, 210km/s and
270km/s for voids of <r_void>=7.5, 12.5 and 17.5h^-1Mpc, assuming a galaxy bias
of b=1. As an application for future surveys, our study of the mock catalogues
shows that direct measurements of the expansion of voids can be obtained using
peculiar velocity data. We find that it would also be possible to detect
differences in the velocity dispersion of galaxies in the directions parallel
and perpendicular to the void walls.


title:
Exploring local quantum many-body relaxation by atoms in optical
  superlattices

abstract:
  We establish a setting - atoms in optical superlattices with period 2 - in
which one can experimentally probe signatures of the process of local
relaxation and apparent thermalization in non-equilibrium dynamics without the
need of addressing single sites. This opens up a way to explore the convergence
of subsystems to maximum entropy states in quenched quantum many-body systems
with present technology. Remarkably, the emergence of thermal states does not
follow from a coupling to an environment, but is a result of the complex
non-equilibrium dynamics in closed systems. We explore ways of measuring the
relevant signatures of thermalization in this analogue quantum simulation of a
relaxation process, exploiting the possibilities offered by optical
superlattices.


title: Anomalies, Unparticles, and Seiberg Duality

abstract:
  We calculate triangle anomalies for fermions with non-canonical scaling
dimensions. The most well known example of such fermions (aka unfermions)
occurs in Seiberg duality where the matching of anomalies (including mesinos
with scaling dimensions between 3/2 and 5/2) is a crucial test of duality. By
weakly gauging the non-local action for an unfermion, we calculate the one-loop
three-current amplitude. Despite the fact that there are more graphs with more
complicated propagators and vertices, we find that the calculation can be
completed in a way that nearly parallels the usual case. We show that the
anomaly factor for fermionic unparticles is independent of the scaling
dimension and identical to that for ordinary fermions. This can be viewed as a
confirmation that unparticle actions correctly capture the physics of conformal
fixed point theories like Banks-Zaks or SUSY QCD.


title: On Certain Vanishing Identities For Gromov-Witten Invariants

abstract:
  In this paper, we study some vanishing identities for Gromov-Witten
invariants conjectured by K. Liu and H. Xu. We will prove these conjectures in
the case that the summation range is large compare to genus. In fact, in such
cases, we can obtain a vanishing identity which is stronger than their
conjectures. Moreover we will also prove their conjectures in low genus cases.


title: Fragmentation of Shocked Flows: Gravity, Turbulence and Cooling

abstract:
  The observed rapid onset of star formation in molecular clouds requires rapid
formation of dense fragments which can collapse individually before being
overtaken by global gravitationally-driven flows. Many previous investigations
have suggested that supersonic turbulence produces the necessary fragmentation,
without addressing however the source of this turbulence. Motivated by our
previous (numerical) work on the flow-driven formation of molecular clouds, we
investigate the expected timescales of the dynamical and thermal instabilities
leading to the rapid fragmentation of gas swept up by large-scale flows, and
compare them with global gravitational collapse timescales. We identify
parameter regimes in gas density, temperature and spatial scale within which a
given instability will dominate. We find that dynamical instabilities disrupt
large-scale coherent flows via generation of turbulence, while strong thermal
fragmentation amplifies the resulting low-amplitude density perturbations, thus
leading to small-scale, high-density fragments as seeds for {\em local} gravity
to act upon. Global gravity dominates only on the largest scales; large-scale
gravitationally-driven flows promote the formation of groups and clusters of
stars formed by turbulence, thermal fragmentation, and rapid cooling.


title: An Information-Theoretical View of Network-Aware Malware Attacks

abstract:
  This work investigates three aspects: (a) a network vulnerability as the
non-uniform vulnerable-host distribution, (b) threats, i.e., intelligent
malwares that exploit such a vulnerability, and (c) defense, i.e., challenges
for fighting the threats. We first study five large data sets and observe
consistent clustered vulnerable-host distributions. We then present a new
metric, referred to as the non-uniformity factor, which quantifies the
unevenness of a vulnerable-host distribution. This metric is essentially the
Renyi information entropy and better characterizes the non-uniformity of a
distribution than the Shannon entropy. Next, we analyze the propagation speed
of network-aware malwares in view of information theory. In particular, we draw
a relationship between Renyi entropies and randomized epidemic malware-scanning
algorithms. We find that the infection rates of malware-scanning methods are
characterized by the Renyi entropies that relate to the information bits in a
non-unform vulnerable-host distribution extracted by a randomized scanning
algorithm. Meanwhile, we show that a representative network-aware malware can
increase the spreading speed by exactly or nearly a non-uniformity factor when
compared to a random-scanning malware at an early stage of malware propagation.
This quantifies that how much more rapidly the Internet can be infected at the
early stage when a malware exploits an uneven vulnerable-host distribution as a
network-wide vulnerability. Furthermore, we analyze the effectiveness of
defense strategies on the spread of network-aware malwares. Our results
demonstrate that counteracting network-aware malwares is a significant
challenge for the strategies that include host-based defense and IPv6.


title: Brillouin Lasing with a CaF_2 Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator

abstract:
  Stimulated Brillouin scattering with both pump and Stokes beams in resonance
with whispering gallery modes of an ultra high Q CaF_2 resonator is
demonstrated for the first time. The resonator is pumped with 1064 nm light and
has a Brillouin lasing threshold of 3.5 microwatt. Potential applications
include optical generation of microwaves and sensitive gyros.


title: Constructing Big Indecomposable modules

abstract:
  Let $R$ be local Noetherian ring of depth at least two. We prove that there
are indecomposable $R$-modules which are free on the punctured spectrum of
constant, arbitrarily large, rank.


title: Propagators in Lagrangian space

abstract:
  It has been found recently that propagators, e.g. the cross-correlation
spectra of the cosmic fields with the initial density field, decay
exponentially at large-k in an Eulerian description of the dynamics. We explore
here similar quantities defined for a Lagrangian space description. We find
that propagators in Lagrangian space do not exhibit the same properties: they
are found not to be monotonic functions of time, and to track back the linear
growth rate at late time (but with a renormalized amplitude). These results
have been obtained with a novel method which we describe alongside. It allows
the formal resummation of the same set of diagrams as those that led to the
known results in Eulerian space. We provide a tentative explanation for the
marked differences seen between the Eulerian and the Lagrangian cases, and we
point out the role played by the vorticity degrees of freedom that are specific
to the Lagrangian formalism. This provides us with new insights into the
late-time behavior of the propagators.


title: Modelling a Particle Detector in Field Theory

abstract:
  Particle detector models allow to give an operational definition to the
particle content of a given quantum state of a field theory. The commonly
adopted Unruh-DeWitt type of detector is known to undergo temporary transitions
to excited states even when at rest and in the Minkowski vacuum. We argue that
real detectors do not feature this property, as the configuration "detector in
its ground state + vacuum of the field" is generally a stable bound state of
the underlying fundamental theory (e.g. the ground state-hydrogen atom in a
suitable QED with electrons and protons) in the non-accelerated case. As a
concrete example, we study a local relativistic field theory where a stable
particle can capture a light quantum and form a quasi-stable state. As
expected, to such a stable particle correspond energy eigenstates of the full
theory, as is shown explicitly by using a dressed particle formalism at first
order in perturbation theory. We derive an effective model of detector (at
rest) where the stable particle and the quasi-stable configurations correspond
to the two internal levels, "ground" and "excited", of the detector.


title: Kleinberg navigation on anisotropic lattices

abstract:
  We study the Kleinberg problem of navigation in Small World networks when the
underlying lattice is stretched along a preferred direction. Extensive
simulations confirm that maximally efficient navigation is attained when the
length $r$ of long-range links is taken from the distribution $P({\bf r})\sim
r^{-\alpha}$, when the exponent $\alpha$ is equal to 2, the dimension of the
underlying lattice, regardless of the amount of anisotropy, but only in the
limit of infinite lattice size, $L\to\infty$. For finite size lattices we find
an optimal $\alpha(L)$ that depends strongly on $L$. The convergence to
$\alpha=2$ as $L\to\infty$ shows interesting power-law dependence on the
anisotropy strength.


title: Space densities of radio AGN: The CoNFIG sample

abstract:
  The Combined NVSS-FIRST Galaxy (CoNFIG) survey was defined by selecting all
sources with S_1.4GHz > 1.3Jy from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) in the north
field of the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-cm (FIRST) survey. We
carried out FRI/FRII morphology classification from NVSS and FIRST survey data;
to complete this process, new 8GHz VLA observations for 31 sources were
obtained at 0.24 arcsec resolution. Optical identifications and redshift
information were compiled for about ~80% of the 270 radio sources in the
sample, the mean redshift being ~0.6. A major goal of this sample is a better
definition of the individual luminosity distributions and source counts for FRI
and FRII sources, in order to determine accurately the evolution of the
luminosity function for both types. Amongst the aims are the issues of whether
the two populations are really distinct, whether physical evolution schemes
permit one type to evolve into the other, whether the dual-population unified
scheme for radio AGN remains viable, and the role radio AGN - star-formation
feedback mechanisms.


title: Soft physics capabilities of CMS in p-p and Pb-Pb

abstract:
  The CMS experiment will provide good quality measurements of yields and
spectra of identified charged and neutral particles, both in p-p and heavy-ion
collisions, thus contributing to the study of soft hadronic physics at the LHC
energies.


title:
Looking for intrinsic charm in the forward region at BNL RHIC and CERN
  LHC

abstract:
  The complete understanding of the basic constituents of hadrons and the
hadronic dynamics at high energies are two of the main challenges for the
theory of strong interactions. In particular, the existence of intrinsic heavy
quark components in the hadron wave function must be confirmed (or disproved).
In this paper we propose a new mechanism for the production of $D$-mesons at
forward rapidities based on the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) formalism and
demonstrate that the resulting transverse momentum spectra are strongly
dependent on the behavior of the charm distribution at large Bjorken $x$. Our
results show clearly that the hypothesis of intrinsic charm can be tested in
$pp$ and $p(d) A$ collisions at RHIC and LHC.


title: Design of resonators using materials with negative refractive index

abstract:
  By optimizing the design we show that inhomogeneous electromagnetic
resonators with almost uniform field intensity and up to twice the energy
density of conventional structures are possible by exploiting the properties of
negative refractive index materials. materials. We demonstrate that using
negative refractive index materials it is possible to make full width at half
maximum (FWHM) of the transmission coefficient independent from cavity length
L.


title: An exotic sphere with positive sectional curvature

abstract:
  We show that there is a metric on the Gromoll-Meyer sphere with positive
sectional curvature.


title:
A Large Population of High Redshift Galaxy Clusters in the IRAC Shallow
  Cluster Survey

abstract:
  We have identified 335 galaxy cluster and group candidates spanning 0<z<2,
using a 4.5um selected sample of galaxies in a 7.25 deg^2 region in the
Spitzer/IRAC Shallow Survey. Using full redshift probability distributions for
all galaxies, clusters were identified as 3-dimensional overdensities using a
wavelet algorithm. To date 12 clusters at z>1, and over 60 at z < 0.5 have been
spectroscopically confirmed. The mean I-[3.6] color for cluster galaxies up to
z~1 is well matched by a z_f=3 passively evolving model. At z>1, a wider range
of formation histories is needed, but higher formation redshifts (i.e. z_f \ge
4-5) are favored for most clusters. The cluster autocorrelation function,
measured for the first time out to z=1.5, is found not to have evolved over the
last 10 Gyr, in agreement with the prediction from LCDM. The average mass of
the IRAC Shallow Cluster Survey sample, inferred from its clustering, is ~
10^14 Msun.


title: Extension Theorems for Paraboloids in the Finite Field Setting

abstract:
  In this paper we study the $L^p-L^r$ boundedness of the extension operators
associated with paraboloids in vector spaces over finite fields.In higher even
dimensions, we estimate the number of additive quadruples in the subset $E$ of
the paraboloids, that is the number of quadruples $(x,y,z,w) \in E^4$ with
$x+y=z+w.$ As a result, in higher even dimensions, we improve upon the standard
Tomas-Stein exponents which Mockenhaupt and Tao obtained for the boundedness of
extension operators for paraboloids by estimating the decay of the Fourier
transform of measures on paraboloids. In particular, we obtain the sharp
$L^p-L^4$ bound up to endpoints in higher even dimensions. Moreover, we also
study the $L^2-L^r$ estimates.In the case when -1 is not a square number in the
underlying finite field, we also study the $L^p-L^r$ bound in higher odd
dimensions.The discrete Fourier analytic machinery and Gauss sum estimates make
an important role in the proof.


title:
Effects of electrostatic screening on the conformation of single DNA
  molecules confined in a nanochannel

abstract:
  Single T4-DNA molecules were confined in rectangular-shaped channels with a
depth of 300 nm and a width in the range 150-300 nm casted in a
poly(dimethylsiloxane) nanofluidic chip. The extensions of the DNA molecules
were measured with fluorescence microscopy as a function of the ionic strength
and composition of the buffer as well as the DNA intercalation level by the
YOYO-1 dye. The data were interpreted with scaling theory for a wormlike
polymer in good solvent, including the effects of confinement, charge, and
self-avoidance. It was found that the elongation of the DNA molecules with
decreasing ionic strength can be interpreted in terms of an increase of the
persistence length. Self-avoidance effects on the extension are moderate, due
to the small correlation length imposed by the channel cross-sectional
diameter. Intercalation of the dye results in an increase of the DNA contour
length and a partial neutralization of the DNA charge, but besides effects of
electrostatic origin it has no significant effect on the bare bending rigidity.
In the presence of divalent cations, the DNA molecules were observed to
contract, but they do not collapse into a condensed structure. It is proposed
that this contraction results from a divalent counterion mediated attractive
force between the segments of the DNA molecule.


title: Laguerre-Gaussian Modes and the Wigner Transform

abstract:
  Recent developments in laser physics have called renewed attention to
Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams of paraxial light. In this paper we consider the
corresponding LG modes for the two-dimensional harmonic oscillator, which
appear in the transversal plane at the laser beam's waist. We see how they
arise as Wigner transforms of Hermite-Gaussian modes, and we proceed to find a
closed form for their own Wigner transforms, providing an alternative to the
methods of Simon and Agarwal. Our main observation is that the Wigner transform
intertwines the creation and annihilation operators for the two classes of
modes.


title: Probabilistic proofs of hook length formulas involving trees

abstract:
  Recently, Han discovered two formulas involving binary trees which have the
interestig property that hooklengths appear as exponents. The purpose of this
note is to give a probabilistic proof of one of Han's formulas. Yang has
generalized Han's results to ordered trees. We show how the probabilistic
approach can also be used in Yang's setting, as well as for a generalization of
Han's formula in terms of certain infinite trees.


title:
Experimentos simples demostrando algunas propiedades de lentes
  difractivas y redes espirales

abstract:
  We introduce some new experiments where light diffraction is demonstrated
with simple elements: white light diffraction with a coin, construction of a
diffractive lens by holography, diffraction properties in digital discs and an
interesting experiment that generates images with them. This experiments lead
to the idea of a new optics that is entirely diffractive, which is a trend in
development for its construction facilities, weight reduction and other
benefits it causes.


title: Prey-predator modeling of CO2 atmospheric concentration

abstract:
  In this work we propose a mathematical model, based in a modified version of
the Lotka-Volterra prey-predator equations, to predict the increasing in CO2
atmospheric concentration. We consider how the photosynthesis rate has changed
with the increase of CO2 and how this affects plant reproduction and CO2
absorptions rates. Total CO2 emissions (natural and manmade) and biomass
numerical parameter changes are considered. It is shown that the atmospheric
system can be in equilibrium under some specific conditions, and also some
comparisons with historical are done.


title: The scattered debris of the Magellanic Stream

abstract:
  Searching the HI Parkes All-Sky Survey (HIPASS) and its northern extension,
we detected a population of very compact high-velocity clouds (HVCs) with
similar velocities in the Galactic standard-of-rest frame which appear to be
arranged in several filaments aligned with the nearby Magellanic Stream. A
comparison with published OVI/CaII absorption and HI emission line measurements
suggests that the HVCs are condensations within an extended and mainly ionised
component of the Magellanic Stream. They coincide in position with a faint gas
stream predicted in numerical simulations of the Magellanic Clouds by Gardiner
& Noguchi (1996). Consequently, the Magellanic Stream could be much more
extended than generally believed.


title: New possibilities in the utilization of holographic screens

abstract:
  Directionality in a holographic screen may be useful for projecting images to
be seen in complete horizontal parallax. The continuous sequence of views from
an object may be transferred from the object and enlarged at the screen giving
the same appearence of a holographic image. Due to the actual movement of the
object, images in four dimensions may now be produced with a projector whose
spatial dimensions are much smaller than those of the screen. One technique
that allows for this result is the chromatic encoding of views by means of
holographic optical elements. This is demonstrated to be a complete
reproduction of the original light distribution, although its spectral
continuous distribution of colors makes each view monochromatic, not allowing
for a good color reproduction. The resulting system may substitute conventional
holography in some visual applications were registering is not necessary but
only the effect of the phantasmagoric image. Furthermore, it allows for the
enlarging of holographic images, performing also the direct conversion of the
image of a conventional off-axis hologram to a white-light image.


title: Quark and lepton masses from top loops

abstract:
  Assuming that the leptons and quarks other than top are massless at tree
level, we show that their masses may be induced by loops involving the top
quark. As a result, the generic features of the fermion mass spectrum arise
from combinations of loop factors. Explicitly, we construct a renormalizable
model involving a few new particles, which leads to 1-loop bottom and tau
masses, a 2-loop charm mass, 3-loop muon and strange masses, and 4-loop masses
for first generation fermions. This realistic pattern of masses does not
require any symmetry to differentiate the three generations of fermions. The
new particles may produce observable effects in future experiments searching
for mu to e conversion in nuclei, rare meson decays, and other processes.


title:
A Spectroscopic Survey for Omega Centauri Members at and beyond the
  Cluster Tidal Radius

abstract:
  We have used the two-degree field (2dF) multi-fibre spectrograph of the
Anglo-Australian Telescope to search for candidate members of the unusual
globular cluster omega Centauri at and beyond the cluster tidal radius.
Velocities with an accuracy of ~10 kms-1 were obtained for 4105 stars selected
to lie in the vicinity of the lower giant branch in the cluster
colour-magnitude diagram and which cover an area on the sky of ~2.4x3.9 deg2
centered on the cluster. Within the velocity interval 190-270 kms-1, the
cluster member candidates have a steeply declining surface density distribution
consistent with the adopted tidal radius of 57`. For stars in the sample beyond
the tidal radius, an analysis of line-strengths from the spectra, as well as
radial velocities, identifies only six stars as possible candidates for
extra-tidal association with the cluster. If all six of these stars are indeed
related to the cluster, then a maximum of 0.7 +/- 0.2 per cent of the total
cluster mass is contained in the region between one and two tidal radii. Given
this limit, we conclude that there is no compelling evidence for any
significant extra-tidal population in omega Cen. The effects of tidal shocks on
the outer parts of the cluster are consistent with this limit. Theories for the
origin of omega Cen frequently suggest that the cluster is the former nucleus
of a tidally stripped dwarf galaxy. Our results require that the stripping
process must have been largely complete at early epochs, consistent with
dynamical models of the process. The stripped former dwarf galaxy stars are
therefore now widely distributed around the Galaxy.


title: One-loop masses of open-string scalar fields in String Theory

abstract:
  In phenomenological models with D-branes, there are in general open-string
massless scalar fields, in addition to closed-string massless moduli fields
corresponding to the compactification. It is interesting to focus on the fate
of such scalar fields in models with broken supersymmetry, because no symmetry
forbids their masses. The one-loop effect may give non-zero masses to them, and
in some cases mass squared may become negative, which means the radiative gauge
symmetry breaking. In this article we investigate and propose a simple method
for calculating the one-loop corrections using the boundary state formalism.
There are two categories of massless open-string scalar fields. One consists
the gauge potential fields corresponding to compactified directions, which can
be understood as scalar fields in uncompactified space-time (related with
Wilson line degrees of freedom). The other consists "gauge potential fields"
corresponding to transverse directions of D-brane, which emerge as scalar
fields in D-brane world-volume (related with brane moduli fields). The D-brane
boundary states with constant backgrounds of these scalar fields are
constructed, and one-loop scalar masses are calculated in the closed string
picture. Explicit calculations are given in the following four concrete models:
one D25-brane with a circle compactification in bosonic string theory, one
D9-brane with a circle compactification in superstring theory, D3-branes at a
supersymmetric C^3/Z_3 orbifold singularity, and a model of brane supersymmetry
breaking with D3-branes and anti-D7-branes at a supersymmetric C^3/Z_3 orbifold
singularity. We show that the sign of the mass squared has a strong correlation
with the sign of the related open-string one-loop vacuum amplitude.


title: Some Remarks on the Algebra of Bounded Dirichlet Series

abstract:
  We examine the algebra of all Dirichlet Series bounded on the right half
plane. We consider the analogue of the Corona theorem in this setting, and show
that it is false, i.e. the right half-plane is not dense in the maximal ideal
space. We also prove some refinements of the Hille-Bohnenblust theorem, where
both probabilistic and deterministic devices are used, and we show how the
proof is carried out for each.


title: The QED beta-function from global solutions to Dyson-Schwinger equations

abstract:
  We discuss the structure of beta functions as determined by the recursive
nature of Dyson--Schwinger equations turned into an analysis of ordinary
differential equations, with particular emphasis given to quantum
electrodynamics. In particular we determine when a separatrix for solutions to
such ODEs exists and clarify the existence of Landau poles beyond perturbation
theory. Both are determined in terms of explicit conditions on the asymptotics
for the growth of skeleton graphs.


title: Quantum ratchet control - harvesting on Landau-Zener transitions

abstract:
  We control the current of a single particle quantum ratchet by designing
ramping schemes for experimentally accessible control parameters. We harvest on
Landau-Zener transitions between Floquet states. Adiabatic and diabatic ramping
allow to control the resulting directed transport. We find strong changes of
the current in the adiabatic regime. Simple loops in control parameter space
with alternating adiabatic and diabatic ramping are proposed. We obtain also
current reversal. Full desymmetrization of the quantum ratchet increases the
critical ramping speed which separates the adiabatic from the diabatic regime.


title: Gradient-like observers for invariant dynamics on a Lie group

abstract:
  This paper proposes a design methodology for non-linear state observers for
invariant kinematic systems posed on finite dimensional connected Lie groups,
and studies the associated fundamental system structure. The concept of
synchrony of two dynamical systems is specialised to systems on Lie groups. For
invariant systems this leads to a general factorisation theorem of a nonlinear
observer into a synchronous (internal model) term and an innovation term. The
synchronous term is fully specified by the system model. We propose a design
methodology for the innovation term based on gradient-like terms derived from
invariant or non-invariant cost functions. The resulting nonlinear observers
have strong (almost) global convergence properties and examples are used to
demonstrate the relevance of the proposed approach.


title:
Global Fractional Analytic Perturbation Theory in QCD with Selected
  Applications

abstract:
  We give the generalization of Fractional Analytic Perturbation Theory (FAPT)
for QCD observables, recently developed both for the Euclidean and Minkowski
regions of squared momentum transfer q^2, which takes into account heavy-quark
thresholds. The original analytic approach to QCD, initiated by Jones,
Solovtsov and Shirkov, is shortly summarized. We also shortly consider the
basic aspects of FAPT and then concentrate on the accounting for the
heavy-quark thresholds problem and the construction of global version of FAPT.
We discuss what one should use as an analytic coupling in the timelike region
q^2=s>0 for the e^{+}e^{-}-annihilation and the pion form factor, and consider
applications to phenomenologically relevant processes (the factorizable part of
the pion form factor and the Higgs boson decay into a b\bar{b} pair), as well
as to the summation of perturbative series.


title: The O(1)-Kepler Problems

abstract:
  Let $n\ge 2$ be an integer. To each irreducible representation $\sigma$ of
$\mathrm O(1)$, an $\mathrm {O}(1)$-Kepler problem in dimension $n$ is
constructed and analyzed. This system is super integrable and when $n=2$ it is
equivalent to a generalized MICZ-Kepler problem in dimension two. The dynamical
symmetry group of this system is $\widetilde {\mathrm{Sp}}_{2n}(\mathbb R)$
with the Hilbert space of bound states ${\mathscr H}(\sigma)$ being the unitary
highest weight representation of $\widetilde {\mathrm{Sp}}_{2n}(\mathbb R)$
with highest weight $$(\underbrace{-1/2, ..., -1/2}_{n-1}, -(1/2+|\sigma|)),$$
which occurs at the right-most nontrivial reduction point in the
Enright-Howe-Wallach classification diagram for the unitary highest weight
modules. (Here $|\sigma|=0$ or 1 depending on whether $\sigma$ is trivial or
not.) Furthermore, it is shown that the correspondence $\sigma\leftrightarrow
\mathscr H(\sigma)$ is the theta-correspondence for dual pair $(\mathrm{O}(1),
\mathrm{Sp}_{2n}(\mathbb R))\subseteq \mathrm{Sp}_{2n}(\mathbb R)$.


title: High-frequency blockade and related phenomena

abstract:
  We study systems with local vibrating potentials, one-dimensional single and
double wells and the tight-binding 1D model with single vibrating site. In
general, these systems transmit, or reflect particles inelastically, with
absorption or emission of several frequency quanta. Nevertheless, we have found
that at some conditions these systems can perfectly and elastically reflect
electrons. This high-frequency "blockade" give rise to unique possibility of
near-ideal localization of electron with the energy lying on the background of
continuous energy spectrum. We discuss different consequences of this
statement.


title: Chemical Abundances in Symbiotic Stars

abstract:
  We have carried out a study of the chemical abundances of $^1$H, $^4$He,
$^{12}$C, $^{13}$C, $^{14}$N, $^{15}$N, $^{16}$O, $^{17}$O, $^{20}$Ne and
$^{22}$Ne in symbiotic stars (SSs) by means of a population synthesis code. We
find that the ratios of the number of O-rich SSs to that of C-rich SSs in our
simulations are between 3.4 and 24.1, depending on the third dredge-up
efficiency $\lambda$ and the terminal velocity of the stellar wind $v(\infty)$.
The fraction of SSs with $extrinsic$ C-rich cool giants in C-rich cool giants
ranges from 2.1% to 22.7%, depending on $\lambda$, the common envelope
algorithm and the mass-loss rate. Compared with the observations, the
distributions of the relative abundances of $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C vs. [C/H] of the
cool giants in SSs suggest that the thermohaline mixing in low-mass stars may
exist. The distributions of the relative abundances of C/N vs. O/N, Ne/O vs.
N/O and He/H vs. N/O in the symbiotic nebulae indicate that it is quite common
that the nebular chemical abundances in SSs are modified by the ejected
materials from the hot components. Helium overabundance in some symbiotic
nebulae may be relevant to a helium layer on the surfaces of white dwarf
accretors.


title: The U(1)-Kepler Problems

abstract:
  Let $n\ge 2$ be a positive integer. To each irreducible representation
$\sigma$ of $\mr U(1)$, a $\mr U(1)$-Kepler problem in dimension $(2n-1)$ is
constructed and analyzed. This system is super integrable and when $n=2$ it is
equivalent to a MICZ-Kepler problem. The dynamical symmetry group of this
system is $\widetilde {\mr U}(n, n)$, and the Hilbert space of bound states
${\ms H}(\sigma)$ is the unitary highest weight representation of $\widetilde
{\mr U}(n, n)$ with highest weight $$(\underbrace{-1/2, ..., -1/2}_n, 1/2+\bar
\sigma, \underbrace{1/2, ..., 1/2}_{n-1})$$ when $\bar \sigma \ge 0$ or
$$(\underbrace{-1/2, ..., -1/2}_{n-1}, -1/2+\bar \sigma, \underbrace{1/2, ...,
1/2}_n)$$ when $\bar \sigma\le 0$. (Here $\bar\sigma$ is the infinitesimal
character of $\sigma$.) Furthermore, it is shown that the correspondence
between $\sigma^*$ (the dual of $\sigma$) and $\ms H(\sigma)$ is the
theta-correspondence for dual pair $(\mr{U}(1), {\mr U}(n,n))$ in $\mr{Sp}(4n,
\bb R)$.


title:
Correcting direction-dependent gains in the deconvolution of radio
  interferometric images

abstract:
  Astronomical imaging using aperture synthesis telescopes requires
deconvolution of the point spread function as well as calibration of
instrumental and atmospheric effects. In general, such effects are
time-variable and vary across the field of view as well, resulting in
direction-dependent (DD), time-varying gains. Most existing imaging and
calibration algorithms assume that the corruptions are direction independent,
preventing even moderate dynamic range full-beam, full-Stokes imaging. We
present a general framework for imaging algorithms which incorporate DD errors.
We describe as well an iterative deconvolution algorithm that corrects known DD
errors due to the antenna power patterns and pointing errors for high dynamic
range full-beam polarimetric imaging. Using simulations we demonstrate that
errors due to realistic primary beams as well as antenna pointing errors will
limit the dynamic range of upcoming higher sensitivity instruments and that our
new algorithm can be used to correct for such errors. We have applied this
algorithm to VLA 1.4 GHz observations of a field that contains two ``4C''
sources and have obtained Stokes-I and -V images with systematic errors that
are one order of magnitude lower than those obtained with conventional imaging
tools. Our simulations show that on data with no other calibration errors, the
algorithm corrects pointing errors as well as errors due to known asymmetries
in the antenna pattern.


title:
Mechanism of robust circadian oscillation of KaiC phosphorylation in
  vitro

abstract:
  By incubating the mixture of three cyanobacterial proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and
KaiC, with ATP in vitro, Kondo and his colleagues reconstituted the robust
circadian rhythm of the phosphorylation level of KaiC (Science, 308; 414-415
(2005)). This finding indicates that protein-protein interactions and the
associated hydrolysis of ATP suffice to generate the circadian rhythm. Several
theoretical models have been proposed to explain the rhythm generated in this
"protein-only" system, but the clear criterion to discern different possible
mechanisms was not known. In this paper, we discuss a model based on the two
basic assumptions: The assumption of the allosteric transition of a KaiC
hexamer and the assumption of the monomer exchange between KaiC hexamers. The
model shows a stable rhythmic oscillation of the phosphorylation level of KaiC,
which is robust against changes in concentration of Kai proteins. We show that
this robustness gives a clue to distinguish different possible mechanisms. We
also discuss the robustness of oscillation against the change in the system
size. Behaviors of the system with the cellular or subcellular size should shed
light on the role of the protein-protein interactions in in vivo circadian
oscillation.


title:
High-frequency blockade in a tight-binding one-dimensional lattice with
  single vibrating atomic state

abstract:
  One-dimensional tight-binding lattice, single site of which possesses
harmonically vibrating level is studied. The states of non-interacting
electrons incident with fixed energy from infinity are considered. It is shown
that at definite conditions the site reflects electrons {\it absolutely and
elastically} (high-frequency blockade states). The problem is treated both
numerically and (in the case of narrow band) analytically. The results are
compared with the free-electron 1D problem with vibrating $\delta$-functional
potential. Together with the blockade states the local and reflectionless
states are examined. Possible realization of the system as a lattice of quantum
dots is discussed.


title:
Contrast Enhancement of Binary Star System Using an Optical Vortex
  Coronagraph

abstract:
  Using an optical vortex coronagraph and simple adaptive optics techniques we
have made the first convincing demonstration of an optical vortex coronagraph
that is coupled to a star gazing telescope. In particular we suppressed by 97%
the primary star of a barely resolvable binary system, Cor Caroli, having an
effective angular separation of only 1.4 lambda/D. The secondary star suffered
no suppression.


title: Generalized Kerr-NUT-de Sitter metrics in all dimensions

abstract:
  We classify all spacetimes with a closed rank-2 conformal Killing-Yano
tensor. They give a generalization of Kerr-NUT-de Sitter spacetimes. The
Einstein condition is explicitly solved and written as an indefinite integral.
It is characterized by a polynomial in the integrand. We briefly discuss the
smoothness conditions of the Einstein metrics over compact Riemannian
manifolds.


title:
Success of collinear expansion in the calculation of induced gluon
  emission

abstract:
  We clarify the confusion in a recent paper by Aurenche, Zakharov and Zaraket
(AZZ) \cite{azz} over the procedure and region of validity of the collinear
approximation in the twist expansion approach to induced gluon emission in
deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) off a nucleus target. We point out that, in
this approach to the semi-inclusive spectrum, the transverse momentum
$\vec\ell_\perp$ of the induced gluon must be fixed in the collinear expansion
in the transverse momentum $\vec k_\perp$ of the initial partons, therefore the
result is valid for $<k_\perp^2> \ll \ell_\perp^2 \ll Q^2$. In the twist-four
contribution, one can single out the double-hard term corresponding to
collinear quark-gluon Compton scattering which can be calculated independently
of the collinear expansion approach. We will discuss the connection between the
collinear approximation in the twist expansion approach and the small $k_T$
approximation of the results in the Light-Cone Path Integral (LCPI) and
Gyulassy-Levai-Vitev (GLV) opacity expansion approach. We point out the
misconstrued variable change by AZZ before the $k_T$ expansion in LCPI and
opacity expansion approach, without which one obtains the same result for the
induced gluon spectrum under collinear approximation as in the twist expansion
approach. We also show that corrections beyond the collinear approximation to
the transverse momentum integrated gluon spectrum within the static potential
model in the GLV approach give rise to a logarithmic factor difference from the
result of collinear approximation.


title: The Sp(1)-Kepler Problems

abstract:
  Let $n\ge 2$ be a positive integer. To each irreducible representation
$\sigma$ of $\mathrm{Sp}(1)$, an $\mathrm{Sp}(1)$-Kepler problem in dimension
$(4n-3)$ is constructed and analyzed. This system is super integrable and when
$n=2$ it is equivalent to a generalized MICZ-Kepler problem in dimension five.
The dynamical symmetry group of this system is $\widetilde {\mathrm O}^*(4n)$
with the Hilbert space of bound states ${\mathscr H}(\sigma)$ being the unitary
highest weight representation of $\widetilde {\mathrm {O}^*}(4n)$ with highest
weight $$(\underbrace{-1, ..., -1}_{2n-1}, -(1+\bar\sigma)),$$ which occurs at
the right-most nontrivial reduction point in the Enright-Howe-Wallach
classification diagram for the unitary highest weight modules. Here
$\bar\sigma$ is the highest weight of $\sigma$. Furthermore, it is shown that
the correspondence $\sigma\leftrightarrow \mathscr H(\sigma)$ is the
theta-correspondence for dual pair $(\mathrm{Sp}(1),
\mathrm{O}^*(4n))\subseteq\mathrm{Sp}_{8n}(\mathbb R)$.


title: Priority queues with bursty arrivals of incoming tasks

abstract:
  Recently increased accessibility of large-scale digital records enables one
to monitor human activities such as the interevent time distributions between
two consecutive visits to a web portal by a single user, two consecutive emails
sent out by a user, two consecutive library loans made by a single individual,
etc. Interestingly, those distributions exhibit a universal behavior,
$D(\tau)\sim \tau^{-\delta}$, where $\tau$ is the interevent time, and $\delta
\simeq 1$ or 3/2. The universal behaviors have been modeled via the
waiting-time distribution of a task in the queue operating based on priority;
the waiting time follows a power law distribution $P_{\rm w}(\tau)\sim
\tau^{-\alpha}$ with either $\alpha=1$ or 3/2 depending on the detail of
queuing dynamics. In these models, the number of incoming tasks in a unit time
interval has been assumed to follow a Poisson-type distribution. For an email
system, however, the number of emails delivered to a mail box in a unit time we
measured follows a powerlaw distribution with general exponent $\gamma$. For
this case, we obtain analytically the exponent $\alpha$, which is not
necessarily 1 or 3/2 and takes nonuniversal values depending on $\gamma$. We
develop the generating function formalism to obtain the exponent $\alpha$,
which is distinct from the continuous time approximation used in the previous
studies.


title:
Effects of correlation between merging steps on the global halo
  formation

abstract:
  The excursion set theory of halo formation is modified by adopting the
fractional Brownian motion, to account for possible correlation between merging
steps. We worked out analytically the conditional mass function, halo merging
rate and formation time distribution in the spherical collapse model. We also
developed an approximation for the ellipsoidal collapse model and applied it to
the calculation of the conditional mass function and the halo formation time
distribution. For models in which the steps are positively correlated, the halo
merger rate is enhanced when the accreted mass is less than $\sim 25M^*$, while
for the negatively correlated case this rate is reduced. Compared with the
standard model in which the steps are uncorrelated, the models with positively
correlated steps produce more aged population in small mass halos and more
younger population in large mass halos, while for the models with negatively
correlated steps the opposite is true. An examination of simulation results
shows that a weakly positive correlation between successive merging steps
appears to fit best. We have also found a systematic effect in the measured
mass function due to the finite volume of simulations. In future work, this
will be included in the halo model to accurately predict the three point
correlation function estimated from simulations.


title: Charge transport and shot noise in ballistic graphene sheet

abstract:
  The current and the shot noise in a graphene sheet were analyzed in the
ballistic regime for arbitrary voltage drops between leads and the sheet in the
limit of infinite aspect ratio of the sheet width to its length, when
quantization of transversal wave vectors is not essential. The cases of
coherent and incoherent ballistic transport were compared. At high voltages the
difference with coherent transport is not essential. But at low voltages
conductance and Fano-factor dependences for incoherent transport become
non-monotonous so that the conductance has a minimum and the Fano factor has a
maximum at non-zero voltage bias.


title:
The Analogue of Dedekind Eta Functions for Calabi-Yau Manifilolds II.
  (Algebraic, Analytic Discriminants and the Analogue of Baily-Borel
  Compactification of the Moduli Space of CY Manifolds.)

abstract:
  In this paper we construct the analogue of Dedekind eta-function on the
moduli space of polarized CY manifolds. We prove that the L-two norm of eta is
the regularized determinants of the Laplacians of the CY metric on (0,1) forms.
We construct the analogue of the Baily-Borel Compactification of the moduli
space of polarized CY and prove that it has the same properties as the
Baily-Borel compactification of the locally symmetric Hermitian spaces. We
proved that the compactification constructed in the paper is the minimal.


title: Presentation of a Game Semantics for First-Order Propositional Logic

abstract:
  Game semantics aim at describing the interactive behaviour of proofs by
interpreting formulas as games on which proofs induce strategies. In this
article, we introduce a game semantics for a fragment of first order
propositional logic. One of the main difficulties that has to be faced when
constructing such semantics is to make them precise by characterizing definable
strategies - that is strategies which actually behave like a proof. This
characterization is usually done by restricting to the model to strategies
satisfying subtle combinatory conditions such as innocence, whose preservation
under composition is often difficult to show. Here, we present an original
methodology to achieve this task which requires to combine tools from game
semantics, rewriting theory and categorical algebra. We introduce a
diagrammatic presentation of definable strategies by the means of generators
and relations: those strategies can be generated from a finite set of
``atomic'' strategies and that the equality between strategies generated in
such a way admits a finite axiomatization. These generators satisfy laws which
are a variation of bialgebras laws, thus bridging algebra and denotational
semantics in a clean and unexpected way.


title: Connecting connections

abstract:
  As true as it is that a bricklayer needs a plumb line and a T-square, so it
is that a physicist using general relativity needs how to draw geodesics and
use fields of congruent vector frames of reference. While the first part of the
preceding statement depends on the Christoffel connection and related metric
and curvature concepts, the second part depends on the Weitzenb\"{o}ck
connection and the concept of torsion. This dual structure has been considered
before as a possibility of using either one of them to describe General
relativity. We claim here that both structures have to be correlated to produce
useful interpretations of any space-time model.


title: Dynamics of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates in rotating traps

abstract:
  The dynamics of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates in rotating traps is
investigated. In the Thomas-Fermi limit, equations of motion are derived
showing multiple static solutions for a vortex free condensate. Dynamic
stability analysis of these solutions and comparison with Truncated Wigner
simulations enables us to identify the regimes for which vortex states will
occur. In addition, our analysis predicts centre-of-mass oscillations that are
induced by interspecies interactions and affect each component separately. For
attractive interspecies interactions, these oscillations lead to a stable
symmetry broken state.


title: A note on non-reduced Picard schemes

abstract:
  The Picard scheme of a smooth curve and a smooth complex variety is reduced.
In this note we discuss which classes of surfaces in terms of the
Enriques-Kodaira classification can have non-reduced Picard schemes and whether
there are restrictions on the characteristic of the ground field. It turns out
that non-reduced Picard schemes are uncommon in Kodaira dimension
$\kappa\leq0$, that this phenomenon can be bounded for $\kappa=2$ (general
type) and that it is as bad as can be in $\kappa=1$.


title: SANA - Network Protection through artificial Immunity

abstract:
  Current network protection systems use a collection of intelligent components
- e.g. classifiers or rule-based firewall systems to detect intrusions and
anomalies and to secure a network against viruses, worms, or trojans. However,
these network systems rely on individuality and support an architecture with
less collaborative work of the protection components. They give less
administration support for maintenance, but offer a large number of individual
single points of failures - an ideal situation for network attacks to succeed.
In this work, we discuss the required features, the performance, and the
problems of a distributed protection system called SANA. It consists of a
cooperative architecture, it is motivated by the human immune system, where the
components correspond to artificial immune cells that are connected for their
collaborative work. SANA promises a better protection against intruders than
common known protection systems through an adaptive self-management while
keeping the resources efficiently by an intelligent reduction of redundant
tasks. We introduce a library of several novel and common used protection
components and evaluate the performance of SANA by a proof-of-concept
implementation.


title:
Service Oriented Architecture in Network Security - a novel Organisation
  in Security Systems

abstract:
  Current network security systems are a collection of various security
components, which are directly installed in the operating system. These check
the whole node for suspicious behaviour. Armouring intrusions e.g. have the
ability to hide themselves from being checked. We present in this paper an
alternative organisation of security systems. The node is completely
virtualized with current virtualization systems so that the operating system
with applications and the security system is distinguished. The security system
then checks the node from outside and the right security components are
provided through a service oriented architecture. Due to the running in a
virtual machine, the infected nodes can be halted, duplicated, and moved to
other nodes for further analysis and legal aspects. This organisation is in
this article analysed and a preliminary implementation showing promising
results are discussed.


title: Bounds for self-stabilization in unidirectional networks

abstract:
  A distributed algorithm is self-stabilizing if after faults and attacks hit
the system and place it in some arbitrary global state, the systems recovers
from this catastrophic situation without external intervention in finite time.
Unidirectional networks preclude many common techniques in self-stabilization
from being used, such as preserving local predicates. In this paper, we
investigate the intrinsic complexity of achieving self-stabilization in
unidirectional networks, and focus on the classical vertex coloring problem.
When deterministic solutions are considered, we prove a lower bound of $n$
states per process (where $n$ is the network size) and a recovery time of at
least $n(n-1)/2$ actions in total. We present a deterministic algorithm with
matching upper bounds that performs in arbitrary graphs. When probabilistic
solutions are considered, we observe that at least $\Delta + 1$ states per
process and a recovery time of $\Omega(n)$ actions in total are required (where
$\Delta$ denotes the maximal degree of the underlying simple undirected graph).
We present a probabilistically self-stabilizing algorithm that uses
$\mathtt{k}$ states per process, where $\mathtt{k}$ is a parameter of the
algorithm. When $\mathtt{k}=\Delta+1$, the algorithm recovers in expected
$O(\Delta n)$ actions. When $\mathtt{k}$ may grow arbitrarily, the algorithm
recovers in expected O(n) actions in total. Thus, our algorithm can be made
optimal with respect to space or time complexity.


title: Modeling the SS 433 Jet Bends

abstract:
  We fit Chandra HETGS data obtained for the unusual X-ray binary SS 433. While
line strengths and continuum levels hardly change, the jet Doppler shifts show
aperiodic variations that probably result from shocks in interactions with the
local environment. The X-ray and optical emission line regions are found to be
related but not coincident as the optical line emission persists for days while
the X-ray emission lines fade in less than 5000 s. The X-ray spectrum of the
blue-shifted jet shows over two dozen emission lines from plasma at a variety
of temperatures. The emission measure distribution derived from the spectrum
can be used to test jet cooling models.


title:
Phase-Dependent Electronic Specific Heat in Mesoscopic Josephson
  Junctions

abstract:
  We study the influence of superconducting correlations on the electronic
specific heat in a diffusive superconductor-normal metal-superconductor
Josephson junction. We present a description of this system in the framework of
the diffusive-limit Green's function theory, taking into account finite
temperatures, phase difference as well as junction parameters. We find that
proximity effect may lead to a substantial deviation of the specific heat as
compared to that in the normal state, and that it can be largely tuned in
magnitude by changing the phase difference between the superconductors. A
measurement setup to confirm these predictions is also suggested.


title: Sub-$\mu$ structured Lotus Surfaces Manufacturing

abstract:
  Sub-micro structured surfaces allow modifying the behavior of polymer films
or components. Especially in micro fluidics a lotus-like characteristic is
requested for many applications. Structure details with a high aspect ratio are
necessary to decouple the bottom and the top of the functional layer. Unlike to
stochastic methods, patterning with a LIGA-mold insert it is possible to
structure surfaces very uniformly or even with controlled variations (e.g. with
gradients). In this paper we present the process chain to realize polymer
sub-micro structures with minimum lateral feature size of 400 nm and up to 4
micrometers high.


title:
Linear and Non Linear Behaviour of Mechanical Resonators for Optimized
  Inertial Electromagnetic Microgenerators

abstract:
  The need for wearable or abandoned microsystems, as well as the trend to a
lower power consumption of electronic devices, make miniaturized renewable
energy generators a viable alternative to batteries. Among the different
alternatives, an interesting option is the use of inertial microgenerators for
energy scavenging from vibrations present in the environment. These devices
constitute perpetual energy sources without the need for refilling, thus being
well suited for abandoned sensors, wireless systems or microsystems which must
be embedded within the structure, without outside physical connections.
Different electromagnetic energy scavenging devices have been described in the
literature [1,2,3], based on the use of a velocity damped resonator, which is
well suited for harvesting of vibrational energy induced by the operation of
machines. These vibrations are characterized by a well defined frequency (in
the range between few Hz's and few kHz's) and low displacement amplitudes.
Adjusting the resonant frequency of the system to that of the vibrations allows
amplification of these low amplitude displacements. Moreover, for these
applications, the use of an electromagnetic device has the potential advantages
of a good level of compatibility with Si Microsystem technology, as well as the
possibility of relatively high electromechanical coupling with simple designs.


title:
Design And Fabrication of Condenser Microphone Using Wafer Transfer And
  Micro-electroplating Technique

abstract:
  A novel fabrication process, which uses wafer transfer and
micro-electroplating technique, has been proposed and tested. In this paper,
the effects of the diaphragm thickness and stress, the air-gap thickness, and
the area ratio of acoustic holes to backplate on the sensitivity of the
condenser microphone have been demonstrated since the performance of the
microphone depends on these parameters. The microphone diaphragm has been
designed with a diameter and thickness of 1.9 mm and 0.6 $\mu$m, respectively,
an air-gap thickness of 10 $\mu$m, and a 24% area ratio of acoustic holes to
backplate. To obtain a lower initial stress, the material used for the
diaphragm is polyimide. The measured sensitivities of the microphone at the
bias voltages of 24 V and 12 V are -45.3 and -50.2 dB/Pa (at 1 kHz),
respectively. The fabricated microphone shows a flat frequency response
extending to 20 kHz.