title: Unconditional security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution

abstract:
  The unconditional security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution is
established for all schemes based on the estimation of the channel loss and
excess noise. It is proved that, in the limit of large keys, Gaussian attacks
are asymptotically optimal among the most general (coherent) attacks, where the
transmission is tapped using arbitrary ancillas and stored in a quantum memory
as a whole. Then, it is shown that the previously derived bounds on the
achievable secret key rates against collective attacks remain asymptotically
valid for arbitrary coherent attacks.


title: Gravitational vacuum energy in our recently accelerating universe

abstract:
  We review current observations of the homogeneous cosmological expansion
which, because they measure only kinematic variables, cannot determine the
dynamics driving the recent accelerated expansion. The minimal fit to the data,
the flat $\Lambda CDM$ model, consisting of cold dark matter and a cosmological
constant, interprets $4\Lambda$ geometrically as a classical spacetime
curvature constant of nature, avoiding any reference to quantum vacuum energy.
(The observed Uehling and Casimir effects measure forces due to QED vacuum
polarization, but not any quantum material vacuum energies.) An Extended
Anthropic Principle, that Dark Energy and Dark Gravity be indistinguishable,
selects out flat $\Lambda CDM$. Prospective cosmic shear and galaxy clustering
observations of the growth of fluctuations are intended to test whether the
'dark energy' driving the recent cosmological acceleration is static or
moderately dynamic. Even if dynamic, observational differences between an
additional negative-pressure material component within general relativity (Dark
Energy) and low-curvature modifications of general relativity (Dark Gravity)
will be extremely small.


title: Evolution Effects on Parton Energy Loss with Detailed Balance

abstract:
  The initial conditions in the chemical non-equilibrated medium and Bjorken
expanding medium at RHIC are determined. With a set of rate equations
describing the chemical equilibration of quarks and gluons based on
perturbative QCD, we investigate the consequence for parton evolution at RHIC.
With considering parton evolution, it is shown that the Debye screening mass
and the inverse mean free-path of gluons reduce with increasing proper time in
the QGP medium. The parton evolution affects the parton energy loss with
detailed balance, both parton energy loss from stimulated emission in the
chemical non-equilibrated expanding medium and in Bjorken expanding medium are
linear dependent on the propagating distance rather than square dependent in
the static medium. The energy absorption can not be neglected at intermediate
jet energies and small propagating distance of the energetic parton in contrast
with that it is important only at intermediate jet energy in the static medium.
This will increase the energy and propagating distance dependence of the parton
energy loss and will affect the shape of suppression of moderately high P_T
hadron spectra.


title: The Nevai Condition

abstract:
  We study Nevai's condition that for orthogonal polynomials on the real line,
$K_n(x,x_0)^2 K_n(x_0,x_0)^{-1} d\rho (x)\to\delta_{x_0}$ where $K_n$ is the CD
kernel. We prove that it holds for the Nevai class of a finite gap set
uniformly on the spectrum and we provide an example of a regular measure on
$[-2,2]$ where it fails on an interval.


title: Using bijective maps to improve free energy estimates

abstract:
  We derive a fluctuation theorem for generalized work distributions, related
to bijective mappings of the phase spaces of two physical systems, and use it
to derive a two-sided constraint maximum likelihood estimator of their free
energy difference which uses samples from the equilibrium configurations of
both systems. As an application, we evaluate the chemical potential of a dense
Lennard-Jones fluid and study the construction and performance of suitable
maps.


title: Quantum spin liquids

abstract:
  These notes are an introduction to a few selected theoretical ideas in the
field of quantum spin liquids: classical zero modes and breakdown of the 1/S
expansion, the Lieb-Schultz-Mattis-Hastings theorem and Oshikawa's argument,
the short-ranged resonating valence-bond picture, large-N limit (Schwinger
bosons) and Z_2 gauge theory.


title:
A Computation of the Expected Number of Posts in a Finite Random Graph
  Order

abstract:
  A random graph order is a partial order achieved by independently sprinkling
relations on a vertex set (each with probability $p$) and adding relations to
satisfy the requirement of transitivity. A \textit{post} is an element in a
partially ordered set which is related to every other element. Alon et al.\
\cite{Alon} proved a result for the average number of posts among the elements
$\{1,2,...,n\}$ in a random graph order on $\mathbb{Z}$. We refine this result
by providing an expression for the average number of posts in a random graph
order on $\{1,2,...,n\}$, thereby quantifying the edge effects associated with
the elements $\mathbb{Z}\backslash\{1,2,...,n\}$. Specifically, we prove that
the expected number of posts in a random graph order of size $n$ is
asymptotically linear in $n$ with a positive $y$-intercept. The error
associated with this approximation decreases monotonically and rapidly in $n$,
permitting accurate computation of the expected number of posts for any $n$ and
$p$. We also prove, as a lemma, a bound on the difference between the Euler
function and its partial products that may be of interest in its own right.


abstract:
  New expressions for Laguerre and Hermite polynomials are shown. They are
based on operator algebras commonly used in quantum mechanics.


title:
Macroscopic dynamics of biological cells interacting via chemotaxis and
  direct contact

abstract:
  A connection is established between discrete stochastic model describing
microscopic motion of fluctuating cells, and macroscopic equations describing
dynamics of cellular density. Cells move towards chemical gradient (process
called chemotaxis) with their shapes randomly fluctuating. Nonlinear diffusion
equation is derived from microscopic dynamics in dimensions one and two using
excluded volume approach. Nonlinear diffusion coefficient depends on cellular
volume fraction and it is demonstrated to prevent collapse of cellular density.
A very good agreement is shown between Monte Carlo simulations of the
microscopic Cellular Potts Model and numerical solutions of the macroscopic
equations for relatively large cellular volume fractions. Combination of
microscopic and macroscopic models were used to simulate growth of structures
similar to early vascular networks.


title:
The probability distribution of the average relative distance between
  two points in a dynamical chain

abstract:
  Subject of this letter is the dynamics of a chain obtained performing the
continuous limit of a system of links and beads. In particular, the probability
distribution of the relative position between two points of the chain averaged
over a given interval of time is computed. The physical meaning of the obtained
result is investigated in the limiting case of a stiff chain.


title: Dilepton production from polarized hadron hadron collisions

abstract:
  In this paper we present a comprehensive formalism for dilepton production
from the collision of two polarized spin-$\tfrac{1}{2}$ hadrons by identifying
the general angular distribution of the cross section in combination with a
complete set of structure functions. The various structure functions are
computed in the parton model approximation where we mainly consider the case
when the transverse momentum of the dilepton pair is much smaller than its
invariant mass. In this kinematical region dilepton production can be described
in terms of transverse momentum dependent parton distributions.


title: Cusps on cosmic superstrings with junctions

abstract:
  The existence of cusps on non-periodic strings ending on D-branes is
demonstrated and the conditions, for which such cusps are generic, are derived.
The dynamics of F-, D-string and FD-string junctions are investigated. It is
shown that pairs of FD-string junctions, such as would form after
intercommutations of F- and D-strings, generically contain cusps. This new
feature of cosmic superstrings opens up the possibility of extra channels of
energy loss from a string network. The phenomenology of cusps on such cosmic
superstring networks is compared to that of cusps formed on networks of their
field theory analogues, the standard cosmic strings.


title: Entanglement Cost of Nonlocal Measurements

abstract:
  For certain joint measurements on a pair of spatially separated particles, we
ask how much entanglement is needed to carry out the measurement exactly. For a
class of orthogonal measurements on two qubits with partially entangled
eigenstates, we present upper and lower bounds on the entanglement cost. The
upper bound is based on a recent result by D. Berry [Phys. Rev. A 75, 032349
(2007)]. The lower bound, based on the entanglement production capacity of the
measurement, implies that for almost all measurements in the class we consider,
the entanglement required to perform the measurement is strictly greater than
the average entanglement of its eigenstates. On the other hand, we show that
for any complete measurement in d x d dimensions that is invariant under all
local Pauli operations, the cost of the measurement is exactly equal to the
average entanglement of the states associated with the outcomes.


title: 2XMM J100451.6+411627: A cool core cluster at z=0.82

abstract:
  - Aims: Gas cooling in the centre of massive galaxy clusters is believed to
feed the most powerful active galactic nuclei in the Universe. How often
clusters at high redshift show such cool cores has still to be explored by
current and upcoming X-ray telescopes. - Methods: We correlated extended X-ray
emissions from the second XMM-Newton source catalogue with SDSS data to
particularly identify distant clusters. 2XMM J100451.6+411627 is a candidate
luminous enough to obtain its redshift and temperature from the X-ray spectrum.
We also determine the surface luminosity profile and estimate the temperature
in a few spherical bins. The analysis is complemented by a Subaru g'r'i'-image.
- Results: 2XMM J100451.6+411627 has a redshift a redshift of z=0.82+-0.02 and
a temperature of k_BT = 4.2+-0.4 keV. A double-beta profile fit yields a highly
concentrated surface brightness, c_SB = 0.32, i.e. the clusters hosts very
likely a strong cool core. This is supported by the relaxed morphology of the
cluster and an central temperature decrease.


title:
A Scalable Correlator Architecture Based on Modular FPGA Hardware,
  Reuseable Gateware, and Data Packetization

abstract:
  A new generation of radio telescopes is achieving unprecedented levels of
sensitivity and resolution, as well as increased agility and field-of-view, by
employing high-performance digital signal processing hardware to phase and
correlate large numbers of antennas. The computational demands of these imaging
systems scale in proportion to BMN^2, where B is the signal bandwidth, M is the
number of independent beams, and N is the number of antennas. The
specifications of many new arrays lead to demands in excess of tens of PetaOps
per second.
  To meet this challenge, we have developed a general purpose correlator
architecture using standard 10-Gbit Ethernet switches to pass data between
flexible hardware modules containing Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)
chips. These chips are programmed using open-source signal processing libraries
we have developed to be flexible, scalable, and chip-independent. This work
reduces the time and cost of implementing a wide range of signal processing
systems, with correlators foremost among them,and facilitates upgrading to new
generations of processing technology. We present several correlator
deployments, including a 16-antenna, 200-MHz bandwidth, 4-bit, full Stokes
parameter application deployed on the Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of
Reionization.


title: Partitions of trees and ACA'

abstract:
  We show that a version of Ramsey's theorem for trees for arbitrary exponents
is equivalent to the subsystem ACA' of reverse mathematics.


title: Index, eta and rho-invariants on foliated bundles

abstract:
  We study primary and secondary invariants of leafwise Dirac operators on
foliated bundles. Given such an operator, we begin by considering the
associated regular self-adjoint operator $D_m$ on the maximal Connes-Skandalis
Hilbert module and explain how the functional calculus of $D_m$ encodes both
the leafwise calculus and the monodromy calculus in the corresponding von
Neumann algebras. When the foliation is endowed with a holonomy invariant
transverse measure, we explain the compatibility of various traces and
determinants. We extend Atiyah's index theorem on Galois coverings to these
foliations. We define a foliated rho-invariant and investigate its stability
properties for the signature operator. Finally, we establish the foliated
homotopy invariance of such a signature rho-invariant under a Baum-Connes
assumption, thus extending to the foliated context results proved by Neumann,
Mathai, Weinberger and Keswani on Galois coverings.


title:
Dark Matter signals from Draco and Willman 1: Prospects for MAGIC II and
  CTA

abstract:
  The next generation of ground-based Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs)
will play an important role in indirect dark matter searches. In this article,
we consider two particularly promising candidate sources for dark matter
annihilation signals, the nearby dwarf galaxies Draco and Willman 1, and study
the prospects of detecting such a signal for the soon-operating MAGIC II
telescope system as well as for the planned installation of CTA, taking special
care of describing the experimental features that affect the detectional
prospects. For the first time in such a study, we fully take into account the
effect of internal bremsstrahlung, which has recently been shown to
considerably enhance, in some cases, the gamma-ray flux at the high energies
where Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes operate, thus leading to significantly
harder annihilation spectra than traditionally considered. While the detection
of the spectral features introduced by internal bremsstrahlung would constitute
a smoking gun signature for dark matter annihilation, we find that for most
models the overall flux still remains at a level that will be challenging to
detect unless one adopts rather (though by no means overly) optimistic
astrophysical assumptions about the distribution of dark matter in the dwarfs.


title: On incompleteness of bond markets with infinite number of random factors

abstract:
  The completeness of a bond market model with infinite number of sources of
randomness on a finite time interval in the Heath-Jarrow-Morton framework is
studied. It is proved that the market is not complete. A construction of a
bounded contingent claim, which can not be replicated, is provided.


title:
Turbulent formation of protogalaxies at the end of the plasma epoch:
  theory and observations

abstract:
  The standard model of gravitational structure formation is based on the Jeans
1902 acoustic theory, neglecting nonlinear instabilities controlled by
viscosity, turbulence and diffusion. Because the Jeans scale L_J for the hot
primordial plasma is always slightly larger than the scale of causal connection
ct, where c is the speed of light and t is the time after the big bang, it has
been assumed that no plasma structures could form without guidance from a cold
(so L_J CDM is small) collisionless cold-dark-matter CDM fluid to give
condensations that gravitationally collect the plasma. Galaxies by this CDM
model form by gradual hierarchical-clustering of CDM halos to galaxy mass over
billions of years. No observations exist of CDM halos. Gravitational
instability is non-linear and absolute, controlled by viscous and turbulent
forces or by diffusivity at Schwarz length scales smaller than ct. Because the
universe during the plasma epoch is rapidly expanding, the first structures
formed were at density minima by fragmentation when the viscous-gravitional
scale L_SV first matched ct at 30,000 years to produce protosupercluster voids
and protosuperclusters. Weak turbulence produced at expanding void boundaries
guide the morphology of smaller fragments down to protogalaxy size just before
transition to gas at 300,000 years. The size of the protogalaxies reflect the
plasma Kolmogorov scale with a linear and spiral morphology predicted by the
Nomura direct numerical simulations and confirmed by deep field space telescope
observations. On transition to gas the kinematic viscosity decreases by ten
trillion so the protogalaxies fragment as Jeans scale clouds, each with a
trillion earth-mass planets, as predicted by Gibson 1996 and observed by Schild
1996.


title:
Melting at the absolute zero of temperature: Quantum phase transitions
  in condensed matter

abstract:
  We dedicate this article to our father, Prof. Dr. Guenter Vojta, on the
occasion of his 80th birthday. While colleagues appreciate him as an excellent
scientist with widespread interests and an amazingly broad knowledge, we see in
him the father, teacher, friend, and much more. Thanks to him, we grew up
immersed in the fascinating world of physics from an early age. His example and
encouragement have crucially influenced our own lives.


title: Stochastic Quantization of Scalar Fields in de Sitter Spacetime

abstract:
  We consider the stochastic quantization method for scalar fields defined in a
curved manifold. The two-point function associated to a massive
self-interacting scalar field is evaluated, up to the first order level in the
coupling constant $\lambda$, for the case of de Sitter Euclidean metric. Its
value for the asymptotic limit of the Markov parameter $\tau\to\infty$ is
exhibited. We discuss in detail the covariant stochastic regularization to
render the one-loop two-point function finite in the de Sitter Euclidean
metric.


title: A randomized algorithm for principal component analysis

abstract:
  Principal component analysis (PCA) requires the computation of a low-rank
approximation to a matrix containing the data being analyzed. In many
applications of PCA, the best possible accuracy of any rank-deficient
approximation is at most a few digits (measured in the spectral norm, relative
to the spectral norm of the matrix being approximated). In such circumstances,
efficient algorithms have not come with guarantees of good accuracy, unless one
or both dimensions of the matrix being approximated are small. We describe an
efficient algorithm for the low-rank approximation of matrices that produces
accuracy very close to the best possible, for matrices of arbitrary sizes. We
illustrate our theoretical results via several numerical examples.


title: Regular black holes in an asymptotically de Sitter universe

abstract:
  A regular solution of the system of coupled equations of the nonlinear
electrodynamics and gravity describing static and spherically-symmetric black
holes in an asymptotically de Sitter universe is constructed and analyzed.
Special emphasis is put on the degenerate configurations (when at least two
horizons coincide) and their near horizon geometry. It is explicitly
demonstrated that approximating the metric potentials in the region between the
horizons by simple functions and making use of a limiting procedure one obtains
the solutions constructed from maximally symmetric subspaces with different
absolute values of radii. Topologically they are $AdS_{2}\times S^{2}$ for the
cold black hole, $dS_{2}\times S^{2}$ when the event and cosmological horizon
coincide, and the Pleba\'nski- Hacyan solution for the ultraextremal black
hole. A physically interesting solution describing the lukewarm black holes is
briefly analyzed


title: The LkHa 101 Cluster

abstract:
  In the infrared, the heavily reddened LkH$\alpha$ 101 is one of the brightest
young stars in the sky. Situated just north of the Taurus-Auriga complex in the
L1482 dark cloud, it appears to be an early B-type star that has been
serendipitously exposed during a rarely observed stage of early evolution,
revealing a remarkable spectrum and a directly-imaged circumstellar disk. While
detailed studies of this star and its circumstellar environment have become
increasingly sophisticated in the 50 years since Herbig (1956) first pointed it
out, the true nature of the object still remains a mystery. Recent work has
renewed focus on the young cluster of stars surrounding LkH$\alpha$ 101, and
what it can tell us about the enigmatic source at its center (e.g., massive
star formation timescales, clustered formation mechanisms). This latter effort
certainly deserves more intensive study. We describe the current knowledge of
this region and point out interesting work that could be done in the future.


title:
The transverse proximity effect in the z ~ 2 Lyman-alpha forest suggests
  QSO episodic lifetimes of ~1 Myr

abstract:
  We look for signs of the H~I transverse proximity effect in the spectra of
130 QSO pairs, most with transverse separations in the plane of the sky of 0.1
-- 3 Mpc at z ~ 2.2. We expected to see a decrease in Lyman-alpha forest HI
absorption in the spectrum of background QSOs near the position of foreground
QSOs. Instead we see no change in the absorption in front of the foreground
QSOs, and we see evidence for a 50% increase in the absorption out to 6 Mpc
behind the foreground QSOs. Further, we see no change in the H I absorption
along the line-of-sight to the foreground QSOs, the normal line-of-sight
proximity effect. We may account for the lack of change in the H I absorption
if the effect of extra UV photons is canceled by higher gas density around
QSOs. If so, the increase in absorption behind the QSOs then suggests that the
higher gas density there is not canceled by the UV radiation from the QSOs. We
can explain our observations if QSOs have had their current UV luminosities for
less than approximately a million years, a time scale that has been suggested
for accretion disk instabilities and gas depletion.


title:
Theory of electrical spin-detection at a ferromagnet/semiconductor
  interface

abstract:
  We present a theoretical model that describes electrical spin-detection at a
ferromagnet/semiconductor interface. We show that the sensitivity of the spin
detector has strong bias dependence which, in the general case, is dramatically
different from that of the tunneling current spin polarization. We show that
this bias dependence originates from two distinct physical mechanisms: 1) the
bias dependence of tunneling current spin polarization, which is of microscopic
origin and depends on the specific properties of the interface, and 2) the
macroscopic electron spin transport properties in the semiconductor. Numerical
results show that the magnitude of the voltage signal can be tuned over a wide
range from the second effect which suggests a universal method for enhancing
electrical spin-detection sensitivity in ferromagnet/semiconductor tunnel
contacts. Using first-principles calculations we examine the particular case of
a Fe/GaAs Schottky tunnel barrier and find very good agreement with experiment.
We also predict the bias dependence of the voltage signal for a Fe/MgO/GaAs
tunnel structure spin detector.


title: Operad profiles of Nijenhuis structures

abstract:
  Recently S. Merkulov established a new link between differential geometry and
homological algebra by giving descriptions of several differential geometric
structures in terms of algebraic operads and props. In particular he described
Nijenhuis structures as corresponding to representations of the cobar
construction on the Koszul dual of a certain quadratic operad. In this paper we
prove, using the PBW-basis method of E. Hoffbeck, that the operad governing
Nijenhuis structures is Koszul, thereby showing that Nijenhuis structures
correspond to representations of the minimal resolution of this operad. We also
construct an operad such that representations of its minimal resolution in a
vector space V are in one-to-one correspondence with pairs of compatible
Nijenhuis structures on the formal manifold associated to V.


title: On the semiclassical limit of 4d spin foam models

abstract:
  We study the semiclassical properties of the Riemannian spin foam models with
Immirzi parameter that are constructed via coherent states. We show that in the
semiclassical limit the quantum spin foam amplitudes of an arbitrary
triangulation are exponentially suppressed, if the face spins do not correspond
to a discrete geometry. When they do arise from a geometry, the amplitudes
reduce to the exponential of i times the Regge action. Remarkably, the
dependence on the Immirzi parameter disappears in this limit.


title: Solvability of Rado systems in D-sets

abstract:
  Rado's Theorem characterizes the systems of homogenous linear equations
having the property that for any finite partition of the positive integers one
cell contains a solution to these equations. Furstenberg and Weiss proved that
solutions to those systems can in fact be found in every central set. (Since
one cell of any finite partition is central, this generalizes Rado's Theorem.)
We show that the same holds true for the larger class of $D$-sets. Moreover we
will see that the conclusion of Furstenberg's Central Sets Theorem is true for
all sets in this class.


title:
New lower bounds for the number of blocks in balanced incomplete block
  designs

abstract:
  Bose proved the inequality $b\geq v+r-1$ for resolvable balanced incomplete
block designs (RBIBDs) and Kageyama improved it for RBIBDs which are not affine
resolvable. In this note we prove a new lower bound on the number of blocks $b$
that holds for all BIBDs. We further prove that for a significantly large
number of BIBDs our bound is tighter than the bounds given by the inequalities
of Bose and Kageyama.


title:
Environmental Effects on Satellite Galaxies: The Link Between
  Concentration, Size and Colour Profile

abstract:
  Using the SDSS DR4 group catalogue of Yang et al. (2007), we investigate
sizes, concentrations, colour gradients and surface brightness profiles of
central and satellite galaxies. We compare central and satellite galaxies at
fixed stellar mass, in order to disentangle environmental from stellar mass
dependencies. Early and late type galaxies are defined according to
concentration. We find that at fixed stellar mass, late type satellite galaxies
have smaller radii and larger concentrations than late type central galaxies.
No such differences are found for early-type galaxies. We have also constructed
surface brightness and colour profiles for the central and satellite galaxies
in our sample. We find that late-type satellite galaxies have a lower surface
brightness and redder colours than late-type central galaxies. We show that all
observed differences between satellite and central galaxies can be explained by
a simple fading model, in which the star formation in the disk decreases over
timescales of 2-3 Gyr after a galaxy becomes a satellite. Processes that induce
strong morphological changes (e.g. harassment) and processes that strip the
galaxy of its entire ISM need not to be invoked in order to explain the
environmental dependencies we find.


title: Search for Sub-threshold Photoproduction of J/Psi Mesons

abstract:
  A search was made for sub-threshold $J/\psi$ production from a carbon target
using a mixed real and quasi-real Bremsstrahlung photon beam with an endpoint
energy of 5.76 GeV. No events were observed, which is consistent with
predictions assuming quasi-free production. The results place limits on exotic
mechanisms that strongly enhance quasi-free production.


title: Successful type I Leptogenesis with SO(10)-inspired mass relations

abstract:
  It is well-known that thermal leptogenesis through the decays of the lightest
right-handed neutrinos encounters serious difficulties when SO(10)-inspired
mass conditions are imposed on the Dirac neutrino mass matrix and light
neutrino masses are generated through the type I see-saw mechanism. We show
that these can be circumvented when the production from the next-to-lightest
right-handed neutrinos and flavor effects are properly taken into account. Some
conditions on the low energy parameters have to be satisfied in order for
inverse processes involving the lightest right-handed neutrino not to wash-out
the asymmetry. In particular we find m_1 \gtrsim 0.001 eV, where m_1 is the
mass of the lightest left-handed neutrino and that non-vanishing values of the
mixing angle theta_13 are preferred in the case of a normal fully hierarchical
spectrum of light neutrinos.


title:
The Parton Bubble Model(PBM) is Connected to the Glasma Flux Tube
  Model(GFTM), and predicts the Ridge and Strong CP violation

abstract:
  In an earlier paper we developed a Parton Bubble Model (PBM) for RHIC/LHC,
based on a substructure of a ring of localized bubbles which initially contain
3-4 partons of almost entirely gluons. A Glasma Flux Tube Model (GFTM) which
formed longitudinal flux tubes in the transverse plane of two colliding sheets
of Color Glass Condensate (CGC) which pass through one another had been
developed. These sheets create boost invariant flux tubes of longitudinal color
electric and magnetic fields. A blast wave gives the tubes near the surface
transverse flow in the same way it gave flow to the bubbles in the PBM. In this
paper we connect the equivalent characteristics of the PBM to the GFTM and show
that the intermediate transverse momentum charged-two-particle angular
correlations of the most central and highest energy RHIC Au + Au collisions are
explained. When one considers a 3-4 GeV/c transverse momentum tagged charged
trigger particle in combination with other intermediate transverse momentum
charged particles, the ridge correlation is generated and explained. The
longitudinal color electric and magnetic fields of GFTM have a non-zero
topological charge density $F \widetilde $F. These fields cause a local strong
CP violation which effects charged particle production coming from quarks and
anti-quarks created in the tube or bubble. We developed four-charged-particle
correlations which show this CP effect and accumulate from bubble to bubble
independent of whether particles are pushed or pulled and rotated in a right or
left handed direction, We demonstrate strong evidence for the predicted color
electric field using previously published experimental data. We developed 4
particle correlations for obtaining evidence for the predicted color magnetic
field.


title: Absolute properties of the spotted eclipsing binary star CV Bootis

abstract:
  We present new V-band differential brightness measurements as well as new
radial-velocity measurements of the detached, circular, 0.84-day period,
double-lined eclipsing binary system CV Boo. These data along with other
observations from the literature are combined to derive improved absolute
dimensions of the stars for the purpose of testing various aspects of
theoretical modeling. Despite complications from intrinsic variability we
detect in the system, and despite the rapid rotation of the components, we are
able to determine the absolute masses and radii to better than 1.3% and 2%,
respectively. We obtain M(A) = 1.032 +/- 0.013 M(Sun) and R(B) = 1.262 +/-
0.023 R(Sun) for the hotter, larger, and more massive primary (star A), and
M(B) = 0.968 +/- 0.012 M(Sun) and R(B) = 1.173 +/- 0.023 R(Sun) for the
secondary. The estimated effective temperatures are 5760 +/- 150 K and 5670 +/-
150 K. The intrinsic variability with a period about 1% shorter than the
orbital period is interpreted as being due to modulation by spots on one or
both components. This implies that the spotted star(s) must be rotating faster
than the synchronous rate, which disagrees with predictions from current tidal
evolution models according to which both stars should be synchronized. We also
find that the radius of the secondary is larger than expected from stellar
evolution calculations by about 10%, a discrepancy also seen in other (mostly
lower-mass and active) eclipsing binaries. We estimate the age of the system to
be approximately 9 Gyr. Both components are near the end of their main-sequence
phase, and the primary may have started the shell hydrogen-burning stage.


title: Quarkonia Measurements with STAR

abstract:
  We report results on quarkonium production from the STAR experiment at the
Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC). J/psi spectra in p+p and Cu+Cu
collisions at sqrt(s) = 200 GeV with transverse momenta in the range of 0.5-14
GeV/c and 5-8 GeV/c, respectively, are presented. We find that for p_T > 5
GeV/c yields in p+p collisions are consistent with those in minimum-bias Cu+Cu
collisions scaled with the respective number of binary nucleon-nucleon
collisions. In this range the nuclear modification factor, R_AA, is measured to
be 0.9+-0.2(stat). For the first time at RHIC, high-p_T J/psi-hadron
correlations were studied in p+p collisions. Implications from our measurements
on J/psi production mechanisms, constraints on open bottom yields, and J/psi
dissociation mechanisms at high-p_T are discussed. In addition, we give a brief
status of measurements of Upsilon production in p+p and Au+Au collisions and
present projections of future quarkonia measurements based on an upgrades to
the STAR detector and increased luminosity achieved through stochastic cooling
of RHIC.


title:
Geometric-Phase-Effect Tunnel-Splitting Oscillations in Single-Molecule
  Magnets with Fourth-Order Anisotropy Induced by Orthorhombic Distortion

abstract:
  We analyze the interference between tunneling paths that occurs for a spin
system with both fourth-order and second-order transverse anisotropy. Using an
instanton approach, we find that as the strength of the second-order transverse
anisotropy is increased, the tunnel splitting is modulated, with zeros
occurring periodically. This effect results from the interference of four
tunneling paths connecting easy-axis spin orientations and occurs in the
absence of any magnetic field.


title:
Fossil Groups in the Millennium Simulation. Evolution of the Brightest
  Galaxies

abstract:
  We create a catalogue of simulated fossil groups and study their properties,
in particular the merging histories of their first-ranked galaxies. We compare
the simulated fossil group properties with those of both simulated non-fossil
and observed fossil groups. Using simulations and a mock galaxy catalogue, we
searched for massive ($>$ 5 $\times$ 10$^{13} h^{-1} {\cal M}_\odot$) fossil
groups in the Millennium Simulation Galaxy Catalogue. In addition, attempted to
identify observed fossil groups in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 6
using identical selection criteria. Our predictions on the basis of the
simulation data are:(a) fossil groups comprise about 5.5% of the total
population of groups/clusters with masses larger than 5 x 10$^{13} h^{-1} {\cal
M}_\odot$. This fraction is consistent with the fraction of fossil groups
identified in the SDSS, after all observational biases have been taken into
account; (b) about 88% of the dominant central objects in fossil groups are
elliptical galaxies that have a median R-band absolute magnitude of $\sim
-23.5-5 log h$, which is typical of the observed fossil groups known in the
literature; (c)first-ranked galaxies of systems with $ {\cal M} >$ 5 x 10$^{13}
h^{-1} {\cal M}_\odot$, regardless of whether they are either fossil or
non-fossil, are mainly formed by gas-poor mergers; (d) although fossil groups,
in general, assembled most of their virial masses at higher redshifts in
comparison with non-fossil groups, first-ranked galaxies in fossil groups
merged later, i.e. at lower redshifts, compared with their non-fossil-group
counterparts. We therefore expect to observe a number of luminous galaxies in
the centres of fossil groups that show signs of a recent major merger.


title: A Local Characterization of Combinatorial Multihedrality in Tilings

abstract:
  A locally finite face-to-face tiling of euclidean d-space by convex polytopes
is called combinatorially multihedral if its combinatorial automorphism group
has only finitely many orbits on the tiles. The paper describes a local
characterization of combinatorially multihedral tilings in terms of centered
coronas. This generalizes the Local Theorem for Monotypic Tilings, established
in an earlier paper, which characterizes the case of combinatorial
tile-transitivity.


title:
Variational and perturbative formulations of QM/MM free energy with
  mean-field embedding and its analytical gradients

abstract:
  Conventional quantum chemical solvation theories are based on the mean-field
embedding approximation. That is, the electronic wavefunction is calculated in
the presence of the mean field of the environment. In this paper a direct
quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) analog of such a mean-field
theory is formulated based on variational and perturbative frameworks. In the
variational framework, an appropriate QM/MM free energy functional is defined
and is minimized in terms of the trial wavefunction that best approximates the
true QM wavefunction in a statistically averaged sense. Analytical free energy
gradient is obtained, which takes the form of the gradient of effective QM
energy calculated in the averaged MM potential. In the perturbative framework,
the above variational procedure is shown to be equivalent with the first-order
expansion of the QM energy (in the exact free energy expression) about the
self-consistent reference field. This helps understand the relation between the
variational procedure and the exact QM/MM free energy as well as existing QM/MM
theories. Based on this, several ways are discussed for evaluating
non-mean-field effects (i.e., statistical fluctuations of the QM wavefunction)
that are neglected in the mean-field calculation. As an illustration, the
method is applied to an SN2 Menshutkin reaction in water, NH3 + CH3CL ->
NH3CH3^{+} + CL^{-}, for which free energy profiles are obtained at the HF,
MP2, B3LYP, and BH&HLYP levels by integrating the free energy gradient.
Non-mean-field effects are evaluated to be < 0.5 kcal/mol using a Gaussian
fluctuation model for the environment, which suggests that those effects are
rather small for the present reaction in water.


title: High Degree Diophantine Equation c^q=a^p+b^p

abstract:
  The main idea of this article is simply calculating integer functions in
module. The algebraic in the integer modules is studied in completely new
style. By a careful construction, a result is proven that two finite numbers is
with unequal logarithms in a corresponding module, and is applied to solving a
kind of high degree diophantine equation.


title: Asymptotic Unconditionality

abstract:
  We show that a separable real Banach space embeds almost isometrically in a
space $Y$ with a shrinking 1-unconditional basis if and only if $\lim_{n \to
\infty} \|x^* + x_n^*\| = \lim_{n \to \infty} \|x^* - x_n^*\|$ whenever $x^*
\in X^*$, $(x_n^*)$ is a weak$^*$-null sequence and both limits exist. If $X$
is reflexive then $Y$ can be assumed reflexive. These results provide the
isometric counterparts of recent work of Johnson and Zheng.


title: Evolution of stellar structure in the Small Magellanic Cloud

abstract:
  The projected distribution of stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) from
the Magellanic Clouds Photometric Survey is analysed. Stars of different ages
are selected via criteria based on V magnitude and V-I colour, and the degree
of `grouping' as a function of age is studied. We quantify the degree of
structure using the two-point correlation function and a method based on the
Minimum Spanning Tree and find that the overall structure of the SMC is
evolving from a high degree of sub-structure at young ages (~10 Myr) to a
smooth radial density profile. This transition is gradual and at ~75 Myr the
distribution is statistically indistinguishable from the background SMC
distribution. This time-scale corresponds to approximately the dynamical
crossing time of stars in the SMC. The spatial positions of the star clusters
in the SMC show a similar evolution of spatial distribution with age. Our
analysis suggests that stars form with a high degree of (fractal)
sub-structure, probably imprinted by the turbulent nature of the gas from which
they form, which is erased by random motions in the galactic potential on a
time-scale of a galactic crossing time.


title:
Recent developments in the constituent quark model including
  quark-antiquark pairs

abstract:
  We present the formalism for a new generation of unquenched quark models for
baryons in which the effects of quark-antiquark pairs (u anti-u, d anti-d and s
anti-s) are taken into account in an explicit form via a microscopic,
QCD-inspired, quark-antiquark creation mechaniscm. The present approach is an
extension of the flux-tube breaking model of Geiger and Isgur in which now the
contributions of quark-antiquark pairs an be studied for any initial baryon and
for any flavor of the q anti-q pair. It is shown that the inclusion of q anti-q
paris leads to a large contribution of orbital angular momentum to the proton
spin.


title:
Effect of oxygen incorporation on normal and superconducting properties
  of MgB2 films

abstract:
  Oxygen was systematically incorporated in MBE grown MgB2 films using in-situ
post-growth anneals in an oxygen environment. Connectivity analysis in
combination with measurements of the critical temperature and resistivity
indicate that oxygen is distributed both within and between the grains. High
values of critical current densities in field (~4x10^5 A/cm^2 at 8 T and 4.2
K), extrabolated critical fields (>45 T) and slopes of critical field versus
temperature (1.4 T/K) are observed. Our results suggest that low growth
temperatures (300oC) and oxygen doping (>0.65%) can produce MgB2 with high Jc
values in field and Hc2 for high-field magnet applications.


title:
N=2 supersymmetric extension of a hydrodynamic system in Riemann
  invariants

abstract:
  In this paper, we formulate an N=2 supersymmetric extension of a
hydrodynamic-type system involving Riemann invariants. The supersymmetric
version is constructed by means of a superspace and superfield formalism, using
bosonic superfields, and consists of a system of partial differential equations
involving both bosonic and fermionic variables. We make use of
group-theoretical methods in order to analyze the extended model algebraically.
Specifically, we calculate a Lie superalgebra of symmetries of our
supersymmetric model and make use of a general classification method to
classify the one-dimensional subalgebras into conjugacy classes. As a result we
obtain a set of 401 one-dimensional nonequivalent subalgebras. For selected
subalgebras, we use the symmetry reduction method applied to Grassmann-valued
equations in order to determine analytic exact solutions of our supersymmetric
model. These solutions include travelling waves, bumps, kinks, double-periodic
solutions and solutions involving exponentials and radicals.


title: Flavor asymmetry of the nucleon sea in an unquenched quark model

abstract:
  We discuss the flavor asymmetry of the nucleon in an unquenched quark model
for baryons in which the effects of quark-antiquark pairs (u anti-u, d anti-d
and s anti-s) are taken into account in an explicit form. It is shown that the
inclusion of q anti-q pairs leads to an excess of anti-d over anti-u quarks in
the proton.


title: Coupling Control Variates for Markov Chain Monte Carlo

abstract:
  We show that Markov couplings can be used to improve the accuracy of Markov
chain Monte Carlo calculations in some situations where the steady-state
probability distribution is not explicitly known. The technique generalizes the
notion of control variates from classical Monte Carlo integration. We
illustrate it using two models of nonequilibrium transport.


title:
Number theoretic example of scale-free topology inducing self-organized
  criticality

abstract:
  In this work we present a general mechanism by which simple dynamics running
on networks become self-organized critical for scale free topologies. We
illustrate this mechanism with a simple arithmetic model of division between
integers, the division model. This is the simplest self-organized critical
model advanced so far, and in this sense it may help to elucidate the mechanism
of self-organization to criticality. Its simplicity allows analytical
tractability, characterizing several scaling relations. Furthermore, its
mathematical nature brings about interesting connections between statistical
physics and number theoretical concepts. We show how this model can be
understood as a self-organized stochastic process embedded on a network, where
the onset of criticality is induced by the topology.

categories: nlin.AO cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.MP physics.comp-ph


title:
A simple toy model of the advective-acoustic instability I. Perturbative
  approach

abstract:
  Some general properties of the advective-acoustic instability are described
and understood using a toy model which is simple enough to allow for analytical
estimates of the eigenfrequencies. The essential ingredients of this model, in
the unperturbed regime, are a stationary shock and a subsonic region of
deceleration. For the sake of analytical simplicity, the 2D unperturbed flow is
parallel and the deceleration is produced adiabatically by an external
potential. The instability mechanism is determined unambiguously as the
consequence of a cycle between advected and acoustic perturbations. The purely
acoustic cycle, considered alone, is proven to be stable in this flow. Its
contribution to the instability can be either constructive or destructive. A
frequency cut-off is associated to the advection time through the region of
deceleration. This cut-off frequency explains why the instability favours
eigenmodes with a low frequency and a large horizontal wavelength. The relation
between the instability occurring in this highly simplified toy model and the
properties of SASI observed in the numerical simulations of stellar
core-collapse is discussed. This simple set up is proposed as a benchmark test
to evaluate the accuracy, in the linear regime, of numerical simulations
involving this instability. We illustrate such benchmark simulations in a
companion paper.


title:
A simple toy model of the advective-acoustic instability. II. Numerical
  simulations

abstract:
  The physical processes involved in the advective-acoustic instability are
investigated with 2D numerical simulations. Simple toy models, developped in a
companion paper, are used to describe the coupling between acoustic and
entropy/vorticity waves, produced either by a stationary shock or by the
deceleration of the flow. Using two Eulerian codes based on different second
order upwind schemes, we confirm the results of the perturbative analysis. The
numerical convergence with respect to the computation mesh size is studied with
1D simulations. We demonstrate that the numerical accuracy of the quantities
which depend on the physics of the shock is limited to a linear convergence. We
argue that this property is likely to be true for most current numerical
schemes dealing with SASI in the core-collapse problem, and could be solved by
the use of advanced techniques for the numerical treatment of the shock. We
propose a strategy to choose the mesh size for an accurate treatment of the
advective-acoustic coupling in future numerical simulations.


title: A positively curved manifold homeomorphic to T$_1$S$^4$

abstract:
  We construct a new 7-dimensional manifold with positive sectional curvature
which is 2-connected with \pi_3=\Z_2 and admits an isometric group action with
one dimensional quotient.


title: Geodynamics and Rate of Volcanism on Massive Earth-like Planets

abstract:
  We provide estimates of volcanism versus time for planets with Earth-like
composition and masses from 0.25 to 25 times Earth, as a step toward predicting
atmospheric mass on extrasolar rocky planets. Volcanism requires melting of the
silicate mantle. We use a thermal evolution model, calibrated against Earth, in
combination with standard melting models, to explore the dependence of
convection-driven decompression mantle melting on planet mass. Here we show
that (1) volcanism is likely to proceed on massive planets with plate tectonics
over the main-sequence lifetime of the parent star; (2) crustal thickness (and
melting rate normalized to planet mass) is weakly dependent on planet mass; (3)
stagnant lid planets live fast (they have higher rates of melting than their
plate tectonic counterparts early in their thermal evolution) but die young
(melting shuts down after a few Gyr); (4) plate tectonics may not operate on
high mass planets because of the production of buoyant crust which is difficult
to subduct; and (5) melting is necessary but insufficient for efficient
volcanic degassing - volatiles partition into the earliest, deepest melts,
which may be denser than the residue and sink to the base of the mantle on
young, massive planets. Magma must also crystallize at or near the surface, and
the pressure of overlying volatiles must be fairly low, if volatiles are to
reach the surface. If volcanism is detected in the Tau Ceti system, and tidal
forcing can be shown to be weak, this would be evidence for plate tectonics.


title: The Model Of Paths For Generalized Kac-Moody Algebras

abstract:
  This submission has been withdrawn by arXiv administrators because of
inappropriate authorship claims.


title: Quantum Computation Beyond the Circuit Model

abstract:
  The quantum circuit model is the most widely used model of quantum
computation. It provides both a framework for formulating quantum algorithms
and an architecture for the physical construction of quantum computers.
However, several other models of quantum computation exist which provide useful
alternative frameworks for both discovering new quantum algorithms and devising
new physical implementations of quantum computers. In this thesis, I first
present necessary background material for a general physics audience and
discuss existing models of quantum computation. Then, I present three results
relating to various models of quantum computation: a scheme for improving the
intrinsic fault tolerance of adiabatic quantum computers using quantum error
detecting codes, a proof that a certain problem of estimating Jones polynomials
is complete for the one clean qubit complexity class, and a generalization of
perturbative gadgets which allows k-body interactions to be directly simulated
using 2-body interactions. Lastly, I discuss general principles regarding
quantum computation that I learned in the course of my research, and using
these principles I propose directions for future research.


title: Virtual retractions, conjugacy separability and omnipotence

abstract:
  We use wreath products to provide criteria for a group to be conjugacy
separable or omnipotent. These criteria are in terms of virtual retractions
onto cyclic subgroups. We give two applications: a straightforward topological
proof of the theorem of Stebe that infinite-order elements of Fuchsian groups
(of the first type) are conjugacy distinguished, and a proof that surface
groups are omnipotent.


title: Mapping the QCD Phase Transition with Accreting Compact Stars

abstract:
  We discuss an idea for how accreting millisecond pulsars could contribute to
the understanding of the QCD phase transition in the high-density nuclear
matter equation of state (EoS). It is based on two ingredients, the first one
being a ``phase diagram'' of rapidly rotating compact star configurations in
the plane of spin frequency and mass, determined with state-of-the-art hybrid
equations of state, allowing for a transition to color superconducting quark
matter. The second is the study of spin-up and accretion evolution in this
phase diagram. We show that the quark matter phase transition leads to a
characteristic line in the Omega-M plane, the phase border between neutron
stars and hybrid stars with a quark matter core. Along this line a change in
the pulsar's moment of inertia entails a waiting point phenomenon in the
accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar (AMXP) evolution: most of these objects
should therefore be found along the phase border in the Omega-M plane, which
may be viewed as the AMXP analog of the main sequence in the
Hertzsprung-Russell diagram for normal stars. In order to prove the existence
of a high-density phase transition in the cores of compact stars we need
population statistics for AMXP's with sufficiently accurate determination of
their masses and spin frequencies.


title:
Comment on "Universal Charge-Radius Relation for Subatomic and
  Astrophysical Objects" by Jes Madsen, arXiv:0804.2140, Phys.Rev.Lett.100,
  151102 (2008)

abstract:
  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors after discussing its content
with Dr. J. Madsen.


title: Reply to Comment on "Exposed-key weakness of $\alpha \eta$"

abstract:
  We address criticism of the Letter "Exposed-Key Weakness of $\alpha \eta$" in
the Comment by Nair and Yuen. The Comment claims that the Letter does not show
insecurity of $\alpha \eta$ because our approximation for the eavesdropper's
entropy on the encrypted key is invalid. We present simulations which show
that, on the contrary, our estimate is in close agreement with numerical
calculations of the actual entropy over the applicable domain. We additionally
discuss some ways in which our views on security requirements differ from the
views given in the Comment.


title: Normal generation of line bundles on multiple coverings

abstract:
  Any line bundle $\cl $ on a smooth curve $C$ of genus $g$ with $\deg \cl \ge
2g+1$ is normally generated, i.e., $\varphi_\cl (C)\subseteq \mathbb P H^0
(C,\cl)$ is projectively normal. However, it has known that more various line
bundles of degree $d$ failing to be normally generated appear on multiple
coverings of genus $g$ as $d$ becomes smaller than $2g+1$.
  Thus, investigating the normal generation of line bundles on multiple
coverings can be an effective approach to the normal generation. In this paper,
we obtain conditions for line bundles on multiple coverings being normally
generated or not, respectively.


title:
Maximal operator for pseudo-differential operators with homogeneous
  symbols

abstract:
  The aim of the present paper is to obtain a Sj\"{o}lin-type maximal estimate
for pseudo-differential operators with homogeneous symbols. The crux of the
proof is to obtain a phase decomposition formula which does not involve the
time traslation. The proof is somehow parallel to the paper by Pramanik and
Terwilleger (P. Malabika and E. Terwilleger, A weak $L^2$ estimate for a
maximal dyadic sum operator on $R^n$, Illinois J. Math, {\bf 47} (2003), no. 3,
775--813). In the present paper, we mainly concentrate on our new phase
decomposition formula and the results in the Cotlar type estimate, which are
different from the ones by Pramanik and Terwilleger.


title:
Effect of the reservoir size on gas adsorption in inhomogeneous porous
  media

abstract:
  We study the influence of the relative size of the reservoir on the
adsorption isotherms of a fluid in disordered or inhomogeneous mesoporous
solids. We consider both an atomistic model of a fluid in a simple, yet
structured pore, whose adsorption isotherms are computed by molecular
simulation, and a coarse-grained model for adsorption in a disordered
mesoporous material, studied by a density functional approach in a local
mean-field approximation. In both cases, the fluid inside the porous solid
exchanges matter with a reservoir of gas that is at the same temperature and
chemical potential and whose relative size can be varied, and the control
parameter is the total number of molecules present in the porous sample and in
the reservoir. Varying the relative sizes of the reservoir and the sample may
change the shape of the hysteretic isotherms, leading to a "reentrant" behavior
compared to the grand-canonical isotherm when the latter displays a jump in
density. We relate these phenomena to the organization of the metastable states
that are accessible for the adsorbed fluid at a given chemical potential or
density.


title: On the Construction of Skew Quasi-Cyclic Codes

abstract:
  In this paper we study a special type of quasi-cyclic (QC) codes called skew
QC codes. This set of codes is constructed using a non-commutative ring called
the skew polynomial rings $F[x;\theta ]$. After a brief description of the skew
polynomial ring $F[x;\theta ]$ it is shown that skew QC codes are left
submodules of the ring $R_{s}^{l}=(F[x;\theta ]/(x^{s}-1))^{l}.$ The notions of
generator and parity-check polynomials are given. We also introduce the notion
of similar polynomials in the ring $F[x;\theta ]$ and show that parity-check
polynomials for skew QC codes are unique up to similarity. Our search results
lead to the construction of several new codes with Hamming distances exceeding
the Hamming distances of the previously best known linear codes with comparable
parameters.


title: Nuclear stopping and sideward-flow correlation from 0.35A to 200A GeV

abstract:
  The correlation between the nuclear stopping and the scale invariant nucleon
sideward flow at energies ranging from those available at the GSI heavy ion
synchrotron (SIS) to those at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) is
studied within ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD). The
universal behavior of the two experimental observables for various colliding
systems and scale impact parameters are found to be highly correlated with each
other. As there is no phase transition mechanism involved in the UrQMD, the
correlation may be broken down by the sudden change of the bulk properties of
the nuclear matter, such as the formation of quark-gluon plasma (QGP), which
can be employed as a QGP phase transition signal in high-energy heavy ion
collisions. Furthermore, we also point out that the appearance of a breakdown
of the correlation may be a powerful tool for searching for the critical point
on the QCD phase diagram.


title: Invisibility cloak without singularity

abstract:
  An elliptical invisible cloak is proposed using a coordinate transformation
in the elliptical-cylindrical coordinate system, which crushes the cloaked
object to a line segment instead of a point. The elliptical cloak is reduced to
a nearly-circular cloak if the elliptical focus becomes very small. The
advantage of the proposed invisibility cloak is that none of the parameters is
singular and the changing range of all parameters is relatively small.


title:
Global well-posedness and limit behavior for the modified
  finite-depth-fluid equation

abstract:
  Considering the Cauchy problem for the modified finite-depth-fluid equation
$\partial_tu-\G_\delta(\partial_x^2u)\mp u^2u_x=0, u(0)=u_0$, where $\G_\delta
f=-i \ft ^{-1}[\coth(2\pi \delta \xi)-\frac{1}{2\pi \delta \xi}]\ft f$,
$\delta\ges 1$, and $u$ is a real-valued function, we show that it is uniformly
globally well-posed if $u_0 \in H^s (s\geq 1/2)$ with $\norm{u_0}_{L^2}$
sufficiently small for all $\delta \ges 1$. Our result is sharp in the sense
that the solution map fails to be $C^3$ in $H^s (s<1/2)$. Moreover, we prove
that for any $T>0$, its solution converges in $C([0,T]; H^s)$ to that of the
modified Benjamin-Ono equation if $\delta$ tends to $+\infty$.


title: A Log-space Algorithm for Canonization of Planar Graphs

abstract:
  Graph Isomorphism is the prime example of a computational problem with a wide
difference between the best known lower and upper bounds on its complexity. We
bridge this gap for a natural and important special case, planar graph
isomorphism, by presenting an upper bound that matches the known logspace
hardness [Lindell'92]. In fact, we show the formally stronger result that
planar graph canonization is in logspace. This improves the previously known
upper bound of AC1 [MillerReif'91].
  Our algorithm first constructs the biconnected component tree of a connected
planar graph and then refines each biconnected component into a triconnected
component tree. The next step is to logspace reduce the biconnected planar
graph isomorphism and canonization problems to those for 3-connected planar
graphs, which are known to be in logspace by [DattaLimayeNimbhorkar'08]. This
is achieved by using the above decomposition, and by making significant
modifications to Lindell's algorithm for tree canonization, along with changes
in the space complexity analysis.
  The reduction from the connected case to the biconnected case requires
further new ideas, including a non-trivial case analysis and a group theoretic
lemma to bound the number of automorphisms of a colored 3-connected planar
graph. This lemma is crucial for the reduction to work in logspace.


title: Induced nilpotent orbits and birational geometry

abstract:
  In general, a nilpotent orbit closure in a complex simple Lie algebra \g,
does not have a crepant resolution. But, it always has a Q-factorial
terminalization by the minimal model program. According to B. Fu, a nilpotent
orbit closure has a crepant resolution only when it is a Richardson orbit, and
the resolution is obtained as a Springer map for it.
  In this paper, we shall generalize this result to Q-factorial
terminalizations when \g$ is classical. Here, the induced orbits play an
important role instead of Richardson orbits.


title:
All Pure Two-Qudit Entangled States Can be Generated via a Universal
  Yang--Baxter Matrix Assisted by Local Unitary Transformations

abstract:
  We show that all pure entangled states of two $d$-dimensional quantum systems
(i.e., two qudits) can be generated from an initial separable state via a
universal Yang--Baxter matrix if one is assisted by local unitary
transformations.


title: An Energy-Aware On-Demand Routing Protocol for Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks

abstract:
  An ad-hoc wireless network is a collection of nodes that come together to
dynamically create a network, with no fixed infrastructure or centralized
administration. An ad-hoc network is characterized by energy constrained nodes,
bandwidth constrained links and dynamic topology. With the growing use of
wireless networks (including ad-hoc networks) for real-time applications, such
as voice, video, and real-time data, the need for Quality of Service (QoS)
guarantees in terms of delay, bandwidth, and packet loss is becoming
increasingly important. Providing QoS in ad-hoc networks is a challenging task
because of dynamic nature of network topology and imprecise state information.
Hence, it is important to have a dynamic routing protocol with fast re-routing
capability, which also provides stable route during the life-time of the flows.
  In this thesis, we have proposed a novel, energy aware, stable routing
protocol named, Stability-based QoS-capable Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector
(SQ-AODV), which is an enhancement of the well-known Ad-hoc On-demand Distance
Vector (AODV) routing protocol for ad-hoc wireless networks. SQ-AODV utilizes a
cross-layer design approach in which information about the residual energy of a
node is used for route selection and maintenance. An important feature of
SQ-AODV protocol is that it uses only local information and requires no
additional communication or co-operation between the network nodes. SQ-AODV
possesses a make-before-break re-routing capability that enables near-zero
packet drops and is compatible with the basic AODV data formats and operation,
making it easy to adopt in ad-hoc networks.


title:
Energy-Momentum of the Gravitational Field: Crucial Point for
  Gravitation Physics and Cosmology

abstract:
  A history of the problem of mathematical and physical definition for the
energy-momentum of the gravity field is reviewed. As it was noted 90 years ago
by Hilbert (1917), Einstein (1918), Schrodinger (1918) and Bauer (1918) within
Geometrical Gravity approach (General Relativity) there is no tensor
characteristics of the energy-momentum for the gravity field. Landau & Lifshitz
(1971) called this quantity pseudo-tensor of energy-momentum and noted that
Einstein's equations does not express the energy conservation for matter plus
gravity field. This has crucial consequences for gravity physics and cosmology,
such as negative energy density for static gravity field and violation of
energy conservation in expanding space. However there is alternative Field
Gravity approach for description of gravitation as a symmetric tensor field in
Minkowski space, which is similar to description of all other physical
interactions and based on well-defined positive, localizable energy-momentum of
the gravity field. This relativistic quantum Field Gravity approach was
partially developed by Firz & Pauli (1939), Birkhoff (1944), Thirring (1961),
Kalman (1961), Feynman (1963) and others. Here it is shown that existence of
well-defined positive energy-momentum of the gravity field leads to radical
changes in gravity physics and cosmology, including such new possibilities as
two-component nature of gravity - attraction (spin 2) and repulsion (spin 0),
absence of black holes and singularities, scalar gravitational radiation caused
by spherically symmetric gravitational collapse.


title: On Some Features of Color Confinement

abstract:
  It is argued that a dual symmetry is needed to naturally explain experimental
limits on color confinement. Since color is an exact symmetry the only
possibility is that this symmetry be a dual symmetry, related to non trivial
spatial homotopy. The sphere at infinity of 3-dimensional space being
2-dimensional, the relevant homotopy is $\Pi_2$, the corresponding
configurations monopoles, and the mechanism dual superconductivity. The
consistency of the order-disorder nature of the deconfining transition is
compared with lattice data . It is also shown that the only dual quantum number
is magnetic charge and the key quantity is 't Hooft tensor, independent of the
gauge group. The general form of the 't Hooft tensor is computed.


title:
Improved constrained scheme for the Einstein equations: An approach to
  the uniqueness issue

abstract:
  Uniqueness problems in the elliptic sector of constrained formulations of
Einstein equations have a dramatic effect on the physical validity of some
numerical solutions, for instance when calculating the spacetime of very
compact stars or nascent black holes. The fully constrained formulation (FCF)
proposed by Bonazzola, Gourgoulhon, Grandcl\'ement, and Novak is one of these
formulations. It contains, as a particular case, the approximation of the
conformal flatness condition (CFC) which, in the last ten years, has been used
in many astrophysical applications. The elliptic part of the FCF basically
shares the same differential operators as the elliptic equations in CFC scheme.
We present here a reformulation of the elliptic sector of CFC that has the
fundamental property of overcoming the local uniqueness problems. The correct
behavior of our new formulation is confirmed by means of a battery of numerical
simulations. Finally, we extend these ideas to FCF, complementing the
mathematical analysis carried out in previous studies.


title: Frame-type families of translates

abstract:
  We construct a uniformly discrete, and even sparse, sequence of real numbers
$\Lambda=\{\lambda_n\}$ and a function g in $L^2(R)$, such that for every q>2,
every function f in $L^2(R)$ can be approximated with arbitrary small error by
a linear combination $\sum c_n g(t-\lambda_n)$ with an $l_q$ estimate of the
coefficients: \|\{c_n\}\|_{l_q}\leq C(q)\|f\|. This can not be done for q=2,
according to [2].


title: Unparticle effects on top quark rare decays

abstract:
  In this work we study the flavor changing neutral current(FCNC) decays of the
top quark, $t\to c\gamma$ and $t\to c g$. The Standard Model, predictions for
the branching ratios of these decays are about $\sim 5\times 10^{-14}$, and
$\sim 1\times 10^{-12}$, respectively. The recent study presented by the ATLAS
Collaboration gives a sensitivity on these branching ratios about $\sim
10^{-5}$ at $%95$ C.L. The parameter space of $\lambda$, $\Lambda$, and $d$
where the branching ratios of $t\to c\gamma$ and $t\to c g$ decays exceed these
predictions is obtained.


title:
New Possibilities for Observational Distinction Between Geometrical and
  Field Gravity Theories

abstract:
  Crucial observational tests of gravity physics are reviewed. Such tests are
able to clarify the key question on the nature of gravitational interaction: is
gravity the curvature of space? or is gravity a matter field in Minkowski flat
space as other physical forces? Up to now all actually performed experiments do
not allow to distinguish between these two alternatives in gravity physics. The
existence of well-defined positive energy-momentum of the gravity field in
Poincare-Feynman approach leads to radical changes in gravity physics and
cosmology which may be tested by laboratory experiments and astrophysical
observations. New possibilities for observational distinction between
geometrical general relativity and field gravity theories are discussed. Among
them: the contribution of the scalar repulsive force into Newtonian
gravitational interaction, post-Newtonian translational motion of rotating
bodies, gravitational deflection of light by small mass bodies, scalar
gravitational radiation from spherically pulsating stars, existence of limiting
radius, surface, magnetic field for massive bodies and absence of singularities
and horizons for relativistic compact objects.


title: LaBaNiO4: A Fermi glass

abstract:
  Polycrystalline samples of LaSr1-xBaxNiO4 show a crossover from a state with
metallic transport properties for x = 0 to an insulating state as x -> 1. The
end member LaBaNiO4 with a nominal nickel Ni 3d7 configuration might therefore
be regarded as a candidate for an antiferromagnetic insulator. However, we do
not observe any magnetic ordering in LaBaNiO4 down to 1.5 K, and despite its
insulating transport properties several other physical properties of LaBaNiO4
resemble those of metallic LaSrNiO4. Based on an analysis of electrical and
thermal-conductivity data as well as magnetic-susceptibility and
low-temperature specific-heat measurements we suggest that LaBaNiO4 is a Fermi
glass with a finite electron density of states at the Fermi level but these
states are localized.


title: Hydrodynamics of structure formation in the early Universe

abstract:
  Theory and observations reveal fatal flaws in the standard LambdaCDM model.
The cold dark matter hierarchical clustering paradigm predicts a gradual
bottom-up growth of gravitational structures assuming linear, collisionless,
ideal flows and unrealistic CDM condensations and mergers. Collisional fluid
mechanics with viscosity, turbulence, and diffusion predicts a turbulent big
bang and top-down viscous-gravitational fragmentation from supercluster to
galaxy scales in the plasma epoch, as observed from 0.3 Gpc void sizes, 1.5 Gpc
spins and Kolmogorov-fingerprint-turbulence-signatures in the CMB. Turbulence
produced at expanding gravitational void boundaries causes a linear morphology
of 3 Kpc fragmenting plasma-protogalaxies along vortex lines, as observed in
deep HST images. After decoupling, gas-protogalaxies fragment into
primordial-density, million-solar-mass clumps of earth-mass planets forming 0.3
Mpc galactic-dark-matter. White-dwarf-heated planet-atmospheres give dimmed SNe
Ia events and false gamma-ray-burst luminosity distances, not
dark-energy-Lambda. Quasar microlensing observations rule out no-hair black
hole models and require galaxy-dark-matter to be planets-in-clumps.


title: Constraining non-minimally coupled tachyon fields by Noether symmetry

abstract:
  A model for a spatially flat homogeneous and isotropic Universe whose
gravitational sources are a pressureless matter field and a tachyon field
non-minimally coupled to the gravitational field is analyzed. Noether symmetry
is used to find the expressions for the potential density and for the coupling
function, and it is shown that both must be exponential functions of the
tachyon field. Two cosmological solutions are investigated: (i) for the early
Universe whose only source of the gravitational field is a non-minimally
coupled tachyon field which behaves as an inflaton and leads to an exponential
accelerated expansion and (ii) for the late Universe whose gravitational
sources are a pressureless matter field and a non-minimally coupled tachyon
field which plays the role of dark energy and is the responsible of the
decelerated-accelerated transition period.


title: Entanglement of a mixed state of two qubit system

abstract:
  Interaction with environment may lead to the transition of quantum system
from pure state to the mixed one. In this case, the problem of definition of
entanglement may arise. In particular, quantitative measure of entanglement
concurrence is introduced differently for pure and mixed states. To solve this
problem, alternative definition of concurrence of mixed states is introduced in
present work. In particular, concurrence of mixed states is determined as an
average of pure states concurrences. Averaging is carried out over the quantum
ensemble, corresponding to all possible realization of random variable.


title: The co-universal C*-algebra of a row-finite graph

abstract:
  Let E be a row-finite directed graph. We prove that there exists a C*-algebra
C*_{min}(E) with the following co-universal property: given any C*-algebra B
generated by a Toeplitz-Cuntz-Krieger E-family in which all the vertex
projections are nonzero, there is a canonical homomorphism from B onto
C*_{min}(E). We also identify when a homomorphism from B to C*_{min}(E)
obtained from the co-universal property is injective. When every loop in E has
an entrance, C*_{min}(E) coincides with the graph C*-algebra C*(E), but in
general, C*_{min}(E) is a quotient of C*(E). We investigate the properties of
C*_{min}(E) with emphasis on the utility of co-universality as the defining
property of the algebra.


title: H.E.S.S. Observations of the Prompt and Afterglow Phases of GRB 060602B

abstract:
  We report on the first completely simultaneous observation of a gamma-ray
burst (GRB) using an array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes which is
sensitive to photons in the very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray range (>~100 GeV).
On 2006 June 2, the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) registered an unusually
soft gamma-ray burst (GRB 060602B). The burst position was under observation
using the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) at the time the burst
occurred. Data were taken before, during, and after the burst. A total of 5
hours of observations were obtained during the night of 2006 June 2-3, and 5
additional hours were obtained over the next 3 nights. No VHE gamma-ray signal
was found during the period covered by the H.E.S.S. observations. The 99%
confidence level flux upper limit (>1 TeV) for the prompt phase (9s) of GRB
060602B is 2.9x10^-9 erg cm^-2 s^-1. Due to the very soft BAT spectrum of the
burst compared to other Swift GRBs and its proximity to the Galactic center,
the burst is likely associated with a Galactic X-ray burster, although the
possibility of it being a cosmological GRB cannot be ruled out. We discuss the
implications of our flux limits in the context of these two bursting scenarios.


title: Infinite paths and cliques in random graphs

abstract:
  We study some percolation problems on the complete graph over $\mathbf N$. In
particular, we give sharp sufficient conditions for the existence of (finite or
infinite) cliques and paths in a random subgraph. No specific assumption on the
probability, such as independency, is made. The main tools are a topological
version of Ramsey theory, exchangeability theory and elementary ergodic theory.


title:
DDMF: An Efficient Decision Diagram Structure for Design Verification of
  Quantum Circuits under a Practical Restriction

abstract:
  Recently much attention has been paid to quantum circuit design to prepare
for the future "quantum computation era." Like the conventional logic
synthesis, it should be important to verify and analyze the functionalities of
generated quantum circuits. For that purpose, we propose an efficient
verification method for quantum circuits under a practical restriction. Thanks
to the restriction, we can introduce an efficient verification scheme based on
decision diagrams called
  Decision Diagrams for Matrix Functions (DDMFs). Then, we show analytically
the advantages of our approach based on DDMFs over the previous verification
techniques. In order to introduce DDMFs, we also introduce new concepts,
quantum functions and matrix functions, which may also be interesting and
useful on their own for designing quantum circuits.


title:
Properties of the molecular gas in a starbursting QSO at z=1.83 in the
  COSMOS field

abstract:
  Using the IRAM 30m telescope, we have detected the CO J=2-1, 4-3, 5-4, and
6-5 emission lines in the millimeter-bright, blank-field selected AGN COSMOS
J100038+020822 at redshift z=1.8275. The sub-local thermodynamic equilibrium
(LTE) excitation of the J=4 level implies that the gas is less excited than
that in typical nearby starburst galaxies such as NGC253, and in the
high-redshift quasars studied to date, such as J1148+5251 or BR1202-0725. Large
velocity gradient (LVG) modeling of the CO line spectral energy distribution
(CO SED; flux density vs. rotational quantum number) yields H2 densities in the
range 10^{3.5}--10^{4.0} cm-3, and kinetic temperatures between 50 K and 200 K.
The H2 mass of (3.6 - 5.4) x 10^{10} M_sun implied by the line intensities
compares well with our estimate of the dynamical mass within the inner 1.5 kpc
of the object. Fitting a two-component gray body spectrum, we find a dust mass
of 1.2 x 10^{9} M_sun, and cold and hot dust temperatures of 42+/-5 K and
160+/-25 K, respectively. The broad MgII line allows us to estimate the mass of
the central black hole as 1.7 x 10^{9} M_sun. Although the optical spectrum and
multi-wavelength SED matches those of an average QSO, the molecular gas content
and dust properties resemble those of known submillimeter galaxies (SMGs). The
optical morphology of this source shows tidal tails that suggest a recent
interaction or merger. Since it shares properties of both starburst and AGN,
this object appears to be in a transition from a strongly starforming
submillimeter galaxy to a QSO.


title: Purity sieve for models with factorizable interactions

abstract:
  Evolution of purity in case of factorizable interaction between an open
system and an environment is investigated. We derive a simple expression for
purity decrease at the first instants of evolution (when purity is close to
unity). We find that purity at very small times is maximal when an initial
state of an open system coincides with one of the eigenstates of the
interaction operator, no matter how weak the interaction is. On the other hand
it is widely known that in general eigenstates of the interaction are not
pointer states. Therefore the procedure of selecting pointer states by purity
maximization (known as "purity sieve") should not rely on short-time purity
behavior. We propose a modification of the purity sieve criterion which
approximately takes into account purity evolution at longer times. As an
example of its applicability we recover known results for pointer states of a
particle undergoing quantum Brownian motion; we point out that the criterion is
not applicable for some other models, however. It is argued that the proposed
modified purity sieve may be used for selecting pointer states of a particle
undergoing decoherence through collisions.


title: Tight focusing of plane waves from micro-fabricated spherical mirrors

abstract:
  We derive a formula for the light field of a monochromatic plane wave that is
truncated and reflected by a spherical mirror. Our formula is valid even for
deep mirrors, where the aperture radius approaches the radius of curvature. We
apply this result to micro-fabricated mirrors whose size scales are in the
range of tens to hundreds of wavelengths, and show that sub-wavelength spot
sizes can be achieved. This opens up the possibility of scalable arrays of
tightly focused optical dipole traps without the need for high-performance
optical systems.


title:
Two-dimensional Blaschke Products: Degree growth and ergodic
  consequences

abstract:
  We study the dynamics of Blaschke products in two dimensions, particularly
the rates of growth of the degrees of iterates and the corresponding
implications for the ergodic properties of the map.


title:
Observation of Electric Quadrupole Transitions to Rydberg nd States of
  Ultracold Rubidium Atoms

abstract:
  We report the observation of dipole-forbidden, but quadrupole-allowed,
one-photon transitions to high Rydberg states in Rb. Using pulsed UV excitation
of ultracold atoms in a magneto-optical trap, we excite $5s \to nd$ transitions
over a range of principal quantum numbers $n=27-59$. Compared to dipole-allowed
(E1) transitions from $5s \to np$, these E2 transitions are weaker by a factor
of approximately 2000. We also report measurements of the anomalous $np_{3/2} :
np_{1/2}$ fine-structure transition strength ratio for $n=28-75$. Both results
are in agreement with theoretical predictions.


title: Distribution functions in percolation problems

abstract:
  Percolation clusters are random fractals whose geometrical and transport
properties can be characterized with the help of probability distribution
functions. Using renormalized field theory, we determine the asymptotic form of
various of such distribution functions in the limits where certain scaling
variables become small or large. Our study includes the pair-connection
probability, the distributions of the fractal masses of the backbone, the red
bonds and the shortest, the longest and the average self-avoiding walk between
any two points on a cluster, as well as the distribution of the total
resistance in the random resistor network. Our analysis draws solely on
general, structural features of the underlying diagrammatic perturbation
theory, and hence our main results are valid to arbitrary loop order.


title: Isospin dependence of reactions $^{48}$Ca+$^{243-251}$Bk

abstract:
  The fusion process of $^{48}$Ca induced reactions is studied with the
two-step model. In this model, the fusion process is devided into two stages:
first, the sticking stage where projectile and target come to the touching
point over the Coulomb barrier from infinite distance, and second, the
formation stage where the di-nucleus formed with projectile and target evolve
to form the spherical compound nucleus from the touching point. By the use of
the statistical evaporation model, the residue cross sections for different
neutron evaporation channels are analyzed. From the results, optimum reactions
are given to synthesize $Z$ = 117 element with $^{48}$Ca induced reactions.


title: Field theory of directed percolation with long-range spreading

abstract:
  It is well established that the phase transition between survival and
extinction in spreading models with short-range interactions is generically
associated with the directed percolation (DP) universality class. In many
realistic spreading processes, however, interactions are long ranged and well
described by L\'{e}vy-flights, i.e., by a probability distribution that decays
in $d$ dimensions with distance $r$ as $r^{-d-\sigma}$. We employ the powerful
methods of renormalized field theory to study DP with such long range,
L\'{e}vy-flight spreading in some depth. Our results unambiguously corroborate
earlier findings that there are four renormalization group fixed points
corresponding to, respectively, short-range Gaussian, L\'{e}vy Gaussian,
short-range DP and L\'{e}vy DP, and that there are four lines in the $(\sigma,
d)$ plane which separate the stability regions of these fixed points. When the
stability line between short-range DP and L\'{e}vy DP is crossed, all critical
exponents change continuously. We calculate the exponents describing L\'{e}vy
DP to second order in $\epsilon$-expansion, and we compare our analytical
results to the results of existing numerical simulations. Furthermore, we
calculate the leading logarithmic corrections for several dynamical
observables.


title:
A constrained Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation problem for matrix-valued
  functions

abstract:
  Recent results of Davidson-Paulsen-Raghupathi-Singh give necessary and
sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution to the Nevanlinna-Pick
interpolation problem on the unit disk with the additional restriction that the
interpolant should have the value of its derivative at the origin equal to
zero. This concrete mild generalization of the classical problem is
prototypical of a number of other generalized Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation
problems which have appeared in the literature (for example, on a
finitely-connected planar domain or on the polydisk). We extend the results of
Davidson-Paulsen-Raghupathi-Singh to the setting where the interpolant is
allowed to be matrix-valued and elaborate further on the analogy with the
theory of Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation on a finitely-connected planar domain.


title: A mechanical model for liquid nanolayers

abstract:
  Liquids in contact with solids are submitted to intermolecular forces making
liquids heterogeneous and stress tensors are not any more spherical as in
homogeneous bulks. The aim of this article is to show that a square-gradient
functional representing liquid-vapor interface free energy corrected with a
liquid density functional at solid surfaces is a well adapted model to study
structures of very thin nanofilms near solid walls. This result makes it
possible to study the motions of liquids in nanolayers and to generalize the
approximation of lubrication in long wave hypothesis.

categories: physics.class-ph cond-mat.soft math-ph math.MP


title:
Theoretical description of time-resolved pump/probe photoemission in
  TaS\_2: a single-band DFT+DMFT(NRG) study within the quasiequilibrium
  approximation

abstract:
  In this work, we theoretically examine recent pump/probe photoemission
experiments on the strongly correlated charge-density-wave insulator TaS\_2. We
describe the general nonequilibrium many-body formulation of time-resolved
photoemission in the sudden approximation, and then solve the problem using
dynamical mean-field theory with the numerical renormalization group and a bare
density of states calculated from density functional theory including the
charge-density-wave distortion of the ion cores and spin-orbit coupling
  We find a number of interesting results: (i) the bare band structure actually
has more dispersion in the perpendicular direction than in the two-dimensional
planes; (ii) the DMFT approach can produce upper and lower Hubbard bands that
resemble those in the experiment, but the upper bands will overlap in energy
with other higher energy bands; (iii) the effect of the finite width of the
probe pulse is minimal on the shape of the photoemission spectra; and (iv) the
quasiequilibrium approximation does not fully describe the behavior in this
system.


title: The absoption refrigerator as a thermal transformer

abstract:
  The absorption refrigerator can be considered a thermal transformer, i.e. a
device that is analogous to the electric transformer. The analogy is based on a
correspondence between the extensive quantities entropy and electric charge and
that of the intensive variables temperature and electric potential.


title:
Excess quantum noise due to mode nonorthogonality in dielectric
  microresonators

abstract:
  This work presents a theory of the frequency-resolved light emission of
active two-dimensional dielectric microresonators, which are characterized by a
highly non-paraxial mode structure and frequently feature a position-dependent
dielectric constant and non-uniform gain. The Lorentzian intensity profile is
characterized by an appropriately generalized Petermann factor, a renormalized
peak position, and the cold-cavity resonance lifetime Gamma. The theory also
delivers a relation of Gamma to the laser threshold that improves earlier
phenomenological expressions even for the case of a homogeneous medium.


title:
Random Linear Network Coding For Time Division Duplexing: When To Stop
  Talking And Start Listening

abstract:
  A new random linear network coding scheme for reliable communications for
time division duplexing channels is proposed. The setup assumes a packet
erasure channel and that nodes cannot transmit and receive information
simultaneously. The sender transmits coded data packets back-to-back before
stopping to wait for the receiver to acknowledge (ACK) the number of degrees of
freedom, if any, that are required to decode correctly the information. We
provide an analysis of this problem to show that there is an optimal number of
coded data packets, in terms of mean completion time, to be sent before
stopping to listen. This number depends on the latency, probabilities of packet
erasure and ACK erasure, and the number of degrees of freedom that the receiver
requires to decode the data. This scheme is optimal in terms of the mean time
to complete the transmission of a fixed number of data packets. We show that
its performance is very close to that of a full duplex system, while
transmitting a different number of coded packets can cause large degradation in
performance, especially if latency is high. Also, we study the throughput
performance of our scheme and compare it to existing half-duplex Go-back-N and
Selective Repeat ARQ schemes. Numerical results, obtained for different
latencies, show that our scheme has similar performance to the Selective Repeat
in most cases and considerable performance gain when latency and packet error
probability is high.


title: Chiral Potts model and the discrete Sine-Gordon model at roots of unity

abstract:
  The discrete quantum Sine-Gordon model at roots of unity remarkably combines
a classical integrable system with an integrable quantum spin system, whose
parameters obey classical equations of motion. We show that the fundamental
R-matrix of the model (which satisfies a difference property Yang-Baxter
equation) naturally splits into a product of a singular "classical" part and a
finite dimensional quantum part. The classical part of the $R$-matrix itself
satisfies the quantum Yang-Baxter equation, and therefore can be factored out
producing, however, a certain "twist" of the quantum part. We show that the
resulting equation exactly coincides with the star-triangle relation of the
N-state chiral Potts model. The associated spin model on the whole lattice is,
in fact, more general than the chiral Potts and reduces to the latter only for
the simplest (constant) classical background. In a general case the model is
inhomogeneous: its Boltzmann weights are determined by non-trivial background
solutions of the equations of motion of the classical discrete sine-Gordon
model.


title: Toward an inductive description of singularities of pairs

abstract:
  Motivated by Shokurov's ACC Conjecture for log canonical thresholds, we
propose an inductive point of view on singularities of pairs, in the case when
the ambient variety is smooth. Our main result characterizes the log canonicity
of a pair in dimension N+1 by the log canonicity of another pair (not
effective, in general) in dimension N.


title: Randall-Sundrum Black Holes at Colliders

abstract:
  In this paper we calculate the evolution of black holes at colliders in the
Randall-Sundrum scenario, taking the effect of accretion from the quark-gluon
plasma into account. We calculate the evolution using both the canonical and
microcanonical ensemble approaches and compare the results to each other and to
the well-known corresponding lifetimes for ADD. We find that for an initial
mass of 10TeV the canonical lifetime is of the order of $10^{-25}s$, which is
of the same order of magnitude as its ADD counterpart. In the microcanonical
approach, like in ADD, the microcanonical deviations from thermality slow down
the evaporation of the black hole, but, unlike in ADD, the black hole does not
completely evaporate; it tends to a stable final state of 0.16GeV. As far as we
are aware this is the first prediction of a stable black hole remnant using
semiclassical gravity.


title: Generalized Mean Field Approach to a Resonant Bose-Fermi Mixture

abstract:
  We formulate a generalized mean-field theory of a mixture of fermionic and
bosonic atoms, in which the fermion-boson interaction can be controlled by a
Feshbach resonance. The theory correctly accounts for molecular binding
energies of the molecules in the two-body limit, in contrast to the most
straightforward mean-field theory. Using this theory, we discuss the
equilibrium properties of fermionic molecules created from atom pairs in the
gas. We also address the formation of molecules when the magnetic field is
ramped across the resonance, and present a simple Landau-Zener result for this
process.


title:
Young Stars in the Camelopardalis Dust and Molecular Clouds. IV.
  Spectral Observations of the Suspected YSOs

abstract:
  In the first three papers of this series, about 200 objects in Camelopardalis
and the nearby areas of Cassiopeia, Perseus and Auriga were suspected of being
pre-main-sequence stars in different stages of evolution. To confirm the
evolutionary status of the 15 brightest objects, their far-red range (600--950
nm) spectra were obtained. Almost all these objects are young stars with
emissions in H alpha, OI, CaII and P9 lines. The equivalent widths of emission
lines and approximate spectral classes of the objects are determined.


title:
Affine algebraic monoids as endomorphisms' monoids of finite-dimensional
  algebras

abstract:
  In this note we prove that any affine algebraic monoid can be obtained as the
endomorphisms' monoid of a finite-dimensional (nonassociative) algebra.


title: Appearance of Universal Metallic Dispersion in a Doped Mott Insulator

abstract:
  We have investigated the dispersion renormalization $Z_{disp}$ in
La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ (LSCO) over the wide doping range of $x=0.03-0.30$, for
binding energies extending to several hundred meV's. Strong correlation effects
conspire in such a way that the system exhibits an LDA-like dispersion which
essentially `undresses' ($Z_{disp}\to 1$) as the Mott insulator is approached.
Our finding that the Mott insulator contains `nascent' or `preformed' metallic
states with a vanishing spectral weight offers a challenge to existing
theoretical scenarios for cuprates.


title:
Method for Computing Short-Range Forces between Solid-Liquid Interfaces
  Driving Grain Boundary Premelting

abstract:
  We present a molecular dynamics based method for computing accurately
short-range structural forces resulting from the overlap of spatially diffuse
solid-liquid interfaces at wetted grain boundaries close to the melting point.
The method is based on monitoring the fluctuations of the liquid layer width at
different temperatures to extract the excess interfacial free-energy as a
function of this width. The method is illustrated for a high energy Sigma 9
twist boundary in pure Ni. The short-range repulsion driving premelting is
found to be dominant in comparison to long-range dispersion and entropic forces
and consistent with previous experimental findings that nanometer-scale layer
widths may only be observed very close to the melting point.


title:
Mass splittings within heavy baryon isospin multiplets in chiral
  perturbation theory

abstract:
  We calculate the mass splittings within the heavy baryon isospin multiplets
\Sigma_{c(b)} and \Xi_{c(b)}' in chiral perturbation theory to leading one-loop
order. The pattern of the mass splittings in the \Sigma_c iso-triplet, which is
different from that of any other known isospin multiplet, can be explained. We
predict m_{\Xi_c'^+} - m_{\Xi_c'^0}=-0.2\pm0.6 MeV, m_{\Xi_b'^0} -
m_{\Xi_b'^-}=-4.0\pm1.9 MeV and the mass of the \Sigma_b^0 to be 5810.3\pm1.9
MeV.


title:
Entire scalar curvature flow and hypersurfaces of constant scalar
  curvature in Minkowski space

abstract:
  We prove existence in the Minkowski space of entire spacelike hypersurfaces
with constant negative scalar curvature and given set of lightlike directions
at infinity; we also construct the entire scalar curvature flow with prescribed
set of lightlike directions at infinity, and prove that the flow converges to a
spacelike hypersurface with constant scalar curvature. The proofs rely on
barriers construction and a priori estimates.


title: Coherent and incoherent metamaterials and the order-disorder transitions

abstract:
  We demonstrate a new class of "coherent" metamaterials, where a regular
ensemble of meta-molecules shows a collective, i.e. coherent, narrow band
resonant response, while disordering the ensemble leads to broadening and
eventually disappearance of the resonance. We draw parallels between the
observed collective behavior of meta-molecules and the Mossbauer effect and
notice certain remarkable similarities with the phase transitions of
ferromagnetic systems.


title: APOGEE: The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

abstract:
  APOGEE is a large-scale, NIR, high-resolution (R~20,000) spectroscopic survey
of Galactic stars. It is one of the four experiments in SDSS-III. Because
APOGEE will observe in the H band, it will be the first survey to pierce
through Galactic dust and provide a vast, uniform database of chemical
abundances and radial velocities for stars across all Galactic populations
(bulge, disk, and halo). The survey will be conducted with a dedicated,
300-fiber, cryogenic, spectrograph that is being built at the University of
Virginia, coupled to the ARC 2.5m telescope at Apache Point Observatory. APOGEE
will use a significant fraction of the SDSS-III bright time during a three-year
period to observe, at high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N>100), about 100,000 giant
stars selected directly from 2MASS down to a typical flux limit of H<13. The
main scientific objectives of APOGEE are: (1) measuring unbiased metallicity
distributions and abundance patterns for the different Galactic stellar
populations, (2) studying the processes of star formation, feedback, and
chemical mixing in the Milky Way, (3) surveying the dynamics of the bulge and
disk, placing constraints on the nature and influence of the Galactic bar and
spiral arms, and (4) using extensive chemodynamical data, particularly in the
inner Galaxy, to unravel its formation and evolution.