title: Fiber-optical analogue of the event horizon: Appendices

abstract:
  We explain the theory behind our fiber-optical analogue of the event horizon
and present the experiment in detail.


title: Conformal Powers of the Laplacian via Stereographic Projection

abstract:
  A new derivation is given of Branson's factorization formula for the
conformally invariant operator on the sphere whose principal part is the k-th
power of the scalar Laplacian. The derivation deduces Branson's formula from
knowledge of the corresponding conformally invariant operator on Euclidean
space (the k-th power of the Euclidean Laplacian) via conjugation by the
stereographic projection mapping.


title:
Entanglement dynamics of two independent qubits in environments with and
  without memory

abstract:
  A procedure to obtain the dynamics of $N$ independent qudits ($d$-level
systems) each interacting with its own reservoir, for any arbitrary initial
state, is presented. This is then applied to study the dynamics of the
entanglement of two qubits, initially in an extended Werner-like mixed state
with each of them in a zero temperature non-Markovian environment. The
dependence of the entanglement dynamics on the purity and degree of
entanglement of the initial states and on the amount of non-Markovianity is
also given. This extends the previous work about non-Markovian effects on the
two-qubit entanglement dynamics for initial Bell-like states [B. Bellomo
\textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{99}, 160502 (2007)]. The effect of
temperature on the two-qubit entanglement dynamics in a Markovian environment
is finally obtained.


title: Dark Energy Models With Variable Equation Of State Parameter

abstract:
  Two variable $\Lambda$ models, viz. $\Lambda \sim (\dot a/a)^2$ and $\Lambda
\sim \rho$ have been studied under the assumption that the equation of state
parameter $\omega$ is a function of time. The selected $\Lambda$ models are
found to be equivalent both in four and five dimensions. The possibility of
signature flip of the deceleration parameter is also shown.


title:
Properties of newly formed dust by SN2006jc based on near-to-mid
  infrared observation with AKARI

abstract:
  We present our latest results on near- to mid- infrared observation of
SN2006jc at 200 days after the discovery using the Infrared Camera (IRC) on
board $AKARI$. The near-infrared (2--5$\mu$m) spectrum of SN2006jc is obtained
for the first time and is found to be well interpreted in terms of the thermal
emission from amorphous carbon of 800$\pm 10$K with the mass of $6.9\pm 0.5
\times 10^{-5}M_{\odot}$ that was formed in the supernova ejecta. This dust
mass newly formed in the ejecta of SN 2006jc is in a range similar to those
obtained for other several dust forming core collapse supernovae based on
recent observations (i.e., $10^{-3}$--$10^{-5}$$M_{\odot}$). Mid-infrared
photometric data with {\it{AKARI}}/IRC MIR-S/S7, S9W, and S11 bands have shown
excess emission over the thermal emission by hot amorphous carbon of 800K. This
mid-infrared excess emission is likely to be accounted for by the emission from
warm amorphous carbon dust of 320$\pm 10$K with the mass of 2.7$^{+0.7}_{-0.5}
\times 10^{-3}M_{\odot}$ rather than by the band emission of astronomical
silicate and/or silica grains. This warm amorphous carbon dust is expected to
have been formed in the mass loss wind associated with the Wolf-Rayet stellar
activity before the SN explosion. Our result suggests that a significant amount
of dust is condensed in the mass loss wind prior to the SN explosion. A
possible contribution of emission bands by precursory SiO molecules in
7.5--9.5$\mu$m is also suggested.


title:
On the physical parametrization and magnetic analogs of the Emparan-Teo
  dihole solution

abstract:
  The Emparan-Teo non-extremal black dihole solution is reparametrized using
Komar quantities and the separation distance as arbitrary parameters. We show
how the potential $A_3$ can be calculated for the magnetic analogs of this
solution in the Einstein-Maxwell and Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theories. We also
demonstrate that, similar to the extreme case, the external magnetic field can
remove the supporting strut in the non-extremal black dihole too.


title: Stellar Feedback in Dwarf Galaxy Formation

abstract:
  Dwarf galaxies pose significant challenges for cosmological models. In
particular, current models predict a dark matter density that is divergent at
the center, in sharp contrast with observations which indicate an approximately
constant central density core. Energy feedback, from supernova explosions and
stellar winds, has been proposed as a major factor shaping the evolution of
dwarf galaxies. We present detailed cosmological simulations with sufficient
resolution both to model the relevant physical processes and to directly assess
the impact of stellar feedback on observable properties of dwarf galaxies. We
show that feedback drives large-scale, bulk motion of the interstellar gas
resulting in significant gravitational potential fluctuations and a consequent
reduction in the central matter density, bringing the theoretical predictions
in agreement with observations.


title: Flow of power-law fluids in self-affine fracture channels

abstract:
  The two-dimensional pressure driven flow of non-Newtonian power-law fluids in
self-affine fracture channels at finite Reynolds number is calculated. The
channels have constant mean aperture and two values $\zeta$=0.5 and 0.8 of the
Hurst exponent are considered. The calculation is based on the
lattice-Boltzmann method, using a novel method to obtain a power-law variation
in viscosity, and the behavior of shear-thinning, Newtonian and
shear-thickening liquids is compared. Local aspects of the flow fields, such as
maximum velocity and pressure fluctuations, were studied, and the non-Newtonian
fluids were compared to the (previously-studied) Newtonian case. The
permeability results may be collapsed into a master curve of friction factor
vs. Reynolds number using a scaling similar to that employed for porous media
flow, and exhibits a transition from a linear regime to a more rapid variation
at Re increases.


title: Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Beam-Spin Asymmetries

abstract:
  The beam spin asymmetries in the hard exclusive electroproduction of photons
on the proton (ep -> epg) were measured over a wide kinematic range and with
high statistical accuracy. These asymmetries result from the interference of
the Bethe-Heitler process and of deeply virtual Compton scattering. Over the
whole kinematic range (x_B from 0.11 to 0.58, Q^2 from 1 to 4.8 GeV^2, -t from
0.09 to 1.8 GeV^2), the azimuthal dependence of the asymmetries is compatible
with expectations from leading-twist dominance, A = a*sin(phi)/[1+c*cos(phi)].
This extensive set of data can thus be used to constrain significantly the
generalized parton distributions of the nucleon in the valence quark sector.


title: Statistical Equilibrium Dynamics

abstract:
  The mean-field thermodynamic limit is studied for a class of isolated
Newtonian N-body systems whose Hamiltonian admits several invariants of motion.
It is shown that the macrostates of individual members of a statistical
equilibrium ensemble are not necessarily themselves in a state of global
thermal equilibrium in the strict sense. Yet they are always locally in
thermodynamic equilibrium, and always global maximizers of the pertinent
maximum entropy principle.


title:
The circumstellar medium around a rapidly rotating, chemically
  homogeneously evolving, possible gamma-ray burst progenitor

abstract:
  Rapidly rotating, chemically homogeneously evolving massive stars are
considered to be progenitors of long gamma-ray bursts. We present numerical
simulations of the evolution of the circumstellar medium around a rapidly
rotating 20 Msol star at a metallicity of Z=0.001. Its rotation is fast enough
to produce quasi-chemically homogeneous evolution. While conventionally, a star
of 20 Msol would not evolve into a Wolf-Rayet stage, the considered model
evolves from the main sequence directly to the helium main sequence. We use the
time-dependent wind parameters, such as mass loss rate, wind velocity and
rotation-induced wind anisotropy from the evolution model as input for a 2D
hydrodynamical simulation. While the outer edge of the pressure-driven
circumstellar bubble is spherical, the circumstellar medium close to the star
shows strong non-spherical features during and after the periods of
near-critical rotation. We conclude that the circumstellar medium around
rapidly rotating massive stars differs considerably from the surrounding
material of non-rotating stars of similar mass. Multiple blue-shifted high
velocity absorption components in gamma-ray burst afterglow spectra are
predicted. As a consequence of near critical rotation and short stellar
evolution time scales during the last few thousand years of the star's life, we
find a strong deviation of the circumstellar density profile in the polar
direction from the 1/R^2 density profile normally associated with stellar winds
close to the star


title:
The MAJORANA 76Ge neutrino less double-beta decay project: A brief
  update

abstract:
  At present, MAJORANA is a research and development (R&D) project to
investigate the feasibility and cost of constructing and operating a one ton
decay experiment with ~1000 kg of Ge detectors fabricated from germanium
enriched to 86% in . The study will include three separate cryostats with
various types of detectors: un-segmented, un-segmented point-contact, minimally
segmented, and highly segmented. One cryostat will contain at least 30 kg of
enriched (preferably point-contact) detectors. The performance of the cryostats
and detectors as well as background levels will be investigated. The goal of
the demonstrator project is to reach a discovery sensitivity of ~ 1026 y.


title: Local independence of fractional Brownian motion

abstract:
  Let S(t,t') be the sigma-algebra generated by the differences X(s)-X(s) with
s,s' in the interval(t,t'), where (X_t) is the fractional Brownian motion
process with Hurst index H between 0 and 1. We prove that for any two distinct
t and t' the sigma-algebras S(t-a,t+a) and S(t'-a,t'+a) are asymptotically
independent as a tends to 0. We show this in the strong sense that Shannon's
mutual information between these two sigma-algebras tends to zero as a tends to
0. Some generalizations and quantitative estimates are provided also.


title: Dark Energy in Light of the Cosmic Horizon

abstract:
  Based on dramatic observations of the CMB with WMAP and of Type Ia supernovae
with the Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based facilities, it is now
generally believed that the Universe's expansion is accelerating. Within the
context of standard cosmology, the Universe must therefore contain a third
`dark' component of energy, beyond matter and radiation. However, the current
data are still deemed insufficient to distinguish between an evolving dark
energy component and the simplest model of a time-independent cosmological
constant. In this paper, we examine the role played by our cosmic horizon R0 in
our interrogation of the data, and reach the rather firm conclusion that the
existence of a cosmological constant is untenable. The observations are telling
us that R0=c t0, where t0 is the perceived current age of the Universe, yet a
cosmological constant would drive R0 towards ct (where t is the cosmic time)
only once, and that would have to occur right now. In contrast, scaling
solutions simultaneously eliminate several conundrums in the standard model,
including the `coincidence' and `flatness' problems, and account very well for
the fact that R0=c t0. We show here that for such dynamical dark energy models,
either R0=ct for all time (thus eliminating the apparent coincidence
altogether), or that what we believe to be the current age of the universe is
actually the horizon time th=R0/c, which is always shorter than t0. Our best
fit to the Type Ia supernova data indicates that t0 would then have to be ~16.9
billion years. Though surprising at first, an older universe such as this would
actually eliminate several other long-standing problems in cosmology, including
the (too) early appearance of supermassive black holes (at a redshift > 6) and
the glaring deficit of dwarf halos in the local group.


title: Gravitational Lensing Characteristics of the Transparent Sun

abstract:
  The transparent Sun is modeled as a spherically symmetric and centrally
condensed gravitational lens using recent Standard Solar Model (SSM) data. The
Sun's minimum focal length is computed to a refined accuracy of 23.5 +/- 0.1
AU, just beyond the orbit of Uranus. The Sun creates a single image of a
distant point source visible to observers inside this minimum focal length and
to observers sufficiently removed from the line connecting the source through
the Sun's center. Regions of space are mapped where three images of a distant
point source are created, along with their associated magnifications. Solar
caustics, critical curves, and Einstein rings are computed and discussed.
Extremely high gravitational lens magnifications exist for observers situated
so that an angularly small, unlensed source appears near a three-image caustic.
Types of radiations that might undergo significant solar lens magnifications as
they can traverse the core of the Sun, including neutrinos and gravitational
radiation, are discussed.


title: High-frequency flow reversal of AC electro-osmosis due to steric effects

abstract:
  The current theory of alternating-current electro-osmosis (ACEO) is unable to
explain the experimentally observed flow reversal of planar ACEO pumps at high
frequency (above the peak, typically 10-100 kHz), low salt concentration
(1-1000 $\mu$M), and moderate voltage (2-6 V), even if taking into account
Faradaic surface reactions, nonlinear double-layer capacitance and bulk
electrothermal flows. We attribute this failure to the breakdown of the
classical Poisson-Boltzmann model of the diffuse double layer, which assumes a
dilute solution of point-like ions. In spite of low bulk salt concentration,
the large voltage induced across the double layer leads to crowding of the ions
and a related decrease in surface capacitance. Using several mean-field models
for finite-sized ions, we show that steric effects generally lead to high
frequency flow reversal of ACEO pumps, similar to experiments. For quantitative
agreement, however, an unrealistically large effective ion size (several nm)
must be used, which we attribute to neglected correlation effects.


title: Yangian Symmetry of Long-Range gl(N) Integrable Spin Chains

abstract:
  An interesting type of spin chain has appeared in the context of the planar
AdS/CFT correspondence: It is based on an integrable nearest-neighbor spin
chain, and it is perturbatively deformed by long-range interactions which
apparently preserve the integrable structure. Similar models can be constructed
by demanding the existence of merely one conserved local charge. Although the
latter is not a sufficient integrability condition in general, the models often
display convincing signs of full integrability.
  Here we consider a class of long-range spin chains with spins transforming in
the fundamental representation of gl(N). For the most general such model with
one conserved local charge we construct a conserved Yangian generator and show
that it obeys the Serre relations. We thus provide a formal proof of
integrability for this class of models.


title: Solar cycle dependence of spatial correlation in the solar wind

abstract:
  We investigate the spatial correlation properties of the solar wind using
simultaneous observations by the ACE and WIND spacecraft. We use mutual
information as a nonlinear measure of correlation and compare this to linear
correlation. We find that the correlation lengthscales of fluctuations in
density and magnetic field magnitude vary strongly with the solar cycle,
whereas correlation lengths of fluctuations in B field components do not. We
find the correlation length of |B| ~ 120 Re at solar minimum and ~ 270 Re at
maximum and the correlation length of density ~ 75 Re at minimum and ~ 170 Re
at minimum. The components of the B field have correlation lengths ~
correlation length |B| at minimum.

categories: physics.space-ph astro-ph.SR physics.geo-ph physics.plasm-ph


title:
Aspherical Properties of Hydrodynamics and Nucleosynthesis in
  Jet-induced Supernovae

abstract:
  Jet-induced supernovae (SNe) have been suggested to occur in gamma-ray bursts
(GRBs) and highly-energetic SNe (hypernovae). I investigate hydrodynamical and
nucleosynthetic properties of the jet-induced explosion of a population III
$40_\odot$ star with a two-dimensional special relativistic hydrodynamical
code. The abundance distribution after the explosion and the angular dependence
of the yield are obtained for the models with high and low energy deposition
rates $\dot{E}_{\rm dep}=120\times10^{51} {\rm ergs s^{-1}}$ and
$1.5\times10^{51} {\rm ergs s^{-1}}$. The ejection of Fe-peak products and the
fallback of unprocessed materials in the jet-induced SNe account for the
abundance patterns of the extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars. It is also found
that the peculiar abundance pattern of a Si-deficient metal-poor star HE
1424--0241 is reproduced by the angle-delimited yield for
$\theta=30^\circ-35^\circ$ of the model with $\dot{E}_{\rm
dep}=120\times10^{51} {\rm ergs s^{-1}}$. Furthermore, I compare the yield of
the jet-induced explosion with that of the spherical explosion and confirm the
ejection and fallback in the jet-induced explosion is almost equivalent to the
"mixing-fallback" in spherical explosions. In contrast to the spherical models,
however, the high-entropy environment is realized in the jet-induced explosion
and thus [(Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Co, Zn)/Fe] are enhanced. The enhancements of [Sc/Fe]
and [Ti/Fe] improve agreements with the abundance patterns of the EMP stars.


title: Quantum size effects in solitary wires of bismuth

abstract:
  We have performed four-probe electrical transport measurements on solitary
highly crystalline wires of semimetallic bismuth with aspect ratios up to 60 at
room and at cryogenic temperatures. By proper choice of the substrate material
and the film deposition parameters, lithographic wires with lateral dimensions
of down to one single grain, $\sim 250$ nm, were fabricated. The electrical
resistance of each wire was measured against its thickness through successive
reactive ion etching of the self-same wire. Quantum size effects revealed
themselves as regular oscillations in the electrical resistance. Some evidence
for the semimetal-to-semiconductor phase transition has been detected. The
measured data are discussed within the framework of the existing theoretical
models.


title: Radiation from the non-extremal fuzzball

abstract:
  The fuzzball proposal says that the information of the black hole state is
distributed throughout the interior of the horizon in a `quantum fuzz'. There
are special microstates where in the dual CFT we have `many excitations in the
same state'; these are described by regular classical geometries without
horizons. Jejjala et.al constructed non-extremal regular geometries of this
type. Cardoso et. al then found that these geometries had a classical
instability. In this paper we show that the energy radiated through the
unstable modes is exactly the Hawking radiation for these microstates. We do
this by (i) starting with the semiclassical Hawking radiation rate (ii) using
it to find the emission vertex in the CFT (iii) replacing the Boltzman
distributions of the generic CFT state with the ones describing the microstate
of interest (iv) observing that the emission now reproduces the classical
instability. Because the CFT has `many excitations in the same state' we get
the physics of a Bose-Einstein condensate rather than a thermal gas, and the
usually slow Hawking emission increases, by Bose enhancement, to a classically
radiated field. This system therefore provides a complete gravity description
of information-carrying radiation from a special microstate of the nonextremal
hole.


title: Gauge Symmetry, T-Duality and Doubled Geometry

abstract:
  String compactifications with T-duality twists are revisited and the gauge
algebra of the dimensionally reduced theories calculated. These reductions can
be viewed as string theory on T-fold backgrounds, and can be formulated in a
`doubled space' in which each circle is supplemented by a T-dual circle to
construct a geometry which is a doubled torus bundle over a circle. We discuss
a conjectured extension to include T-duality on the base circle, and propose
the introduction of a dual base coordinate, to give a doubled space which is
locally the group manifold of the gauge group. Special cases include those in
which the doubled group is a Drinfel'd double. This gives a framework to
discuss backgrounds that are not even locally geometric.


title: A study of polarization buildup by spin filtering

abstract:
  Many sets of polarization evolution equations have been suggested to describe
the method of polarization buildup by spin filtering in storage rings. In this
paper a generic system of polarization evolution equations describing spin
filtering is derived and solved, then we compare and contrast this system to
other descriptions of spin filtering appearing in the literature. This is of
interest to projects planning to produce a polarized antiproton beam by spin
filtering, and to any project utilizing spin filtering in storage rings. The
physical processes responsible for spin filtering are analysed and their
contributions to the dynamics of polarization buildup are highlighted. It is
hoped that this will shed light on some of the confusion in the literature.


title:
Type-II Seesaw at Collider, Lepton Asymmetry and Singlet Scalar Dark
  Matter

abstract:
  We propose an extension of the standard model with a B-L global symmetry that
is broken softly at the TeV scale. The neutrinos acquire masses through a
type-II seesaw while the lepton (L) asymmetry arises in the {\it singlet
sector} but without B-L violation. The model has the virtue that the scale of
L-number violation ($\Lambda$) giving rise to neutrino masses is independent of
the scale of leptogenesis ($\Lambda'$). As a result the model can explain {\it
neutrino masses, singlet scalar dark matter and leptogenesis at the TeV scale}.
The stability of the dark matter is ensured by a surviving $Z_2$ symmetry,
which could be lifted at the Planck scale and thereby allowing Planck
scale-suppressed decay of singlet scalar dark matter particles of mass $\approx
3$ MeV to $e^+ e^-$ pairs in the Galactic halo. The model also predicts a few
hundred GeV doubly charged scalar and a long lived charged fermion, whose decay
can be studied at Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and International Linear Collider
(ILC).


title: Semicrossed products of simple C*-algebras

abstract:
  Let $(\A, \alpha)$ and $(\B, \beta)$ be C*-dynamical systems and assume that
$\A$ is a separable simple C*-algebra and that $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are
*-automorphisms. Then the semicrossed products $\A \times_{\alpha} \bbZ^{+}$
and $\B \times_{\beta} \bbZ^{+}$ are isometrically isomorphic if and only if
the dynamical systems $(\A, \alpha)$ and $(\B, \beta)$ are outer conjugate.


title:
XMM-Newton observations of the Lockman Hole: X-ray source catalogue and
  number counts

abstract:
  The Lockman Hole field represents the sky area of lowest Galactic
line-of-sight column density N_H=5.7X10^19 cm^-2. It was observed by the
XMM-Newton X-ray observatory in 18 pointings for a total of 1.16 Msec (raw EPIC
pn observing time) constituting the deepest XMM-Newton exposure so far. We
present a catalogue of the X-ray sources detected in the central 0.196 deg^2 of
the field and discuss the derived number counts and X-ray colours. In the
0.5--2.0 keV band, a sensitivity limit (defined as the faintest detectable
source)of 1.9X10^-16 erg cm^-2 s^-1 was reached. The 2.0--10.0 keV band and
5.0--10.0 keV band sensitivity limits were 9X10^-16 erg cm^-2 s^-1 and
1.8X10^-15 erg cm^-2 s^-1, respectively.A total of 409 sources above a
detection likelihood of 10 (3.9 sigma) were found within a radius of 15' off
the field centre, of which 340, 266, and 98 sources were detected in the soft,
hard, and very hard bands, respectively. The number counts in each energy band
are in close agreement with results from previous surveys and with the
synthesis models of the X-ray background. A 6% of Compton-thick source
candidates have been selected from the X-ray colour-colour diagram. This
fraction is consistent with the most recent predictions of X-ray background
population synthesis models at our flux limits. We also estimated, for the
first time, the logN-logS relation for Compton-thick AGN.


title:
The UV-Optical Color Magnitude Diagram II: Physical Properties and
  Morphological Evolution On and Off of a Star-Forming Sequence

abstract:
  We use the UV-optical color magnitude diagram in combination with
spectroscopic and photometric measurements derived from the SDSS spectroscopic
sample to measure the distribution of galaxies in the local universe (z<0.25)
and their physical properties as a function of specific star formation rate
(SSFR) and stellar mass. Throughout this study our emphasis is on the
properties of galaxies on and off of a local "star-forming sequence." We
discuss how the physical characteristics of galaxies along this sequence are
related to scaling relations typically derived for galaxies of different
morphological types. We find, among other trends that our measure of the star
formation rate surface density is nearly constant along this sequence. We
discuss this result and implications for galaxies at higher redshift. For the
first time, we report on measurements of the local UV luminosity function
versus galaxy structural parameters as well as inclination. We also split our
sample into disk-dominated and bulge-dominated subsamples using the i-band
Sersic index and find that disk-dominated galaxies occupy a very tight locus in
SSFR vs. stellar mass space while bulge-dominated galaxies display a much
larger spread of SSFR at fixed stellar mass. A significant fraction of galaxies
with SSFR and SF surface density above those on the "star-forming sequence" are
bulge-dominated. We can use our derived distribution functions to ask whether a
significant fraction of these galaxies may be experiencing a final episode of
star formation (possibly induced by a merger or other burst), soon to be
quenched, by determining whether this population can explain the growth rate of
the non-star-forming galaxies on the "red sequence." (Abridged)


title: Bulk Viscosity of a Gas of Massless Pions

abstract:
  In the hadronic phase, the dominant configuration of QCD with two flavors of
massless quarks is a gas of massless pions. We calculate the bulk viscosity
(zeta) using the Boltzmann equation with the kinetic theory generalized to
incorporate the trace anomaly. We find that the dimensionless ratio zeta/s, s
being the entropy density, is monotonic increasing below T=120 MeV, where
chiral perturbation theory is applicable. This, combined with previous results,
shows that zeta/s reaches its maximum near the phase transition temperature Tc,
while eta/s, eta being the shear viscosity, reaches its minimum near Tc in QCD
with massless quarks.


title: Approximation Algorithms for Orienteering with Time Windows

abstract:
  Orienteering is the following optimization problem: given an edge-weighted
graph (directed or undirected), two nodes s,t and a time limit T, find an s-t
walk of total length at most T that maximizes the number of distinct nodes
visited by the walk. One obtains a generalization, namely orienteering with
time-windows (also referred to as TSP with time-windows), if each node v has a
specified time-window [R(v), D(v)] and a node v is counted as visited by the
walk only if v is visited during its time-window. For the time-window problem,
an O(\log \opt) approximation can be achieved even for directed graphs if the
algorithm is allowed quasi-polynomial time. However, the best known polynomial
time approximation ratios are O(\log^2 \opt) for undirected graphs and O(\log^4
\opt) in directed graphs. In this paper we make some progress towards closing
this discrepancy, and in the process obtain improved approximation ratios in
several natural settings. Let L(v) = D(v) - R(v) denote the length of the
time-window for v and let \lmax = \max_v L(v) and \lmin = \min_v L(v). Our
results are given below with \alpha denoting the known approximation ratio for
orienteering (without time-windows). Currently \alpha = (2+\eps) for undirected
graphs and \alpha = O(\log^2 \opt) in directed graphs.
  1. An O(\alpha \log \lmax) approximation when R(v) and D(v) are integer
valued for each v.
  2. An O(\alpha \max{\log \opt, \log \frac{\lmax}{\lmin}}) approximation.
  3. An O(\alpha \log \frac{\lmax}{\lmin}) approximation when no start and end
points are specified.
  In particular, if \frac{\lmax}{\lmin} is poly-bounded, we obtain an O(\log n)
approximation for the time-window problem in undirected graphs.


title: The integral cohomology rings of some p-groups

abstract:
  We determine the integral cohomology rings of an infinite family of p-groups,
for odd primes p, with cyclic derived subgroups. Our method involves embedding
the groups in a compact Lie group of dimension one, and was suggested by P H
Kropholler and J Huebschmann.


title: Separatrix chaos: new approach to the theoretical treatment

abstract:
  We develop a new approach to the theoretical treatment of the separatrix
chaos, using a special analysis of the separatrix map. The approach allows us
to describe boundaries of the separatrix chaotic layer in the Poincar\'{e}
section and transport within the layer. We show that the maximum which the
width of the layer in energy takes as the perturbation frequency varies is much
larger than the perturbation amplitude, in contrast to predictions by earlier
theories suggesting that the maximum width is of the order of the amplitude.
The approach has also allowed us to develop the self-consistent theory of the
earlier discovered (PRL 90, 174101 (2003)) drastic facilitation of the onset of
global chaos between adjacent separatrices. Simulations agree with the theory.


title: Non-ohmic spin transport in n-type doped silicon

abstract:
  We demonstrate the injection and transport of spin-polarized electrons
through n-type doped silicon with in-plane spin-valve and perpendicular
magnetic field spin precession and dephasing ("Hanle effect") measurements. A
voltage applied across the transport layer is used to vary the confinement
potential caused by conduction band-bending and control the dominant transport
mechanism between drift and diffusion. By modeling transport in this device
with a Monte-Carlo scheme, we simulate the observed spin polarization and Hanle
features, showing that the average transit time across the short Si transport
layer can be controlled over 4 orders of magnitude with applied voltage. As a
result, this modeling allows inference of a long electron spin lifetime,
despite the short transit length.


title: Induced trees in triangle-free graphs

abstract:
  We prove that every connected triangle-free graph on $n$ vertices contains an
induced tree on $\exp(c\sqrt{\log n})$ vertices, where $c$ is a positive
constant. The best known upper bound is $(2+o(1))\sqrt n$. This partially
answers questions of Erdos, Saks, and Sos and of Pultr.


title: Gravitational collapse of plasmas in General Relativity

abstract:
  We provide a covariant derivation of plasma physics coupled to gravitation by
utilizing the 3+1 formulation of general relativity, including a discussion of
the Lorentz force law. We then reduce the system to the spherically symmetric
case and show that all regions of the spacetime can be represented in a single
coordinate system, thus revoking the need for junction conditions. We further
show that the region exterior to the collapsing region is naturally described
by the charged Vaidya spacetime in non-null coordinates.


title: The mod-p cohomology rings of some p-groups

abstract:
  We determine the mod-p cohomology rings of an infinite family of p-groups,
for odd primes p, with cyclic derived subgroups. Our method involves embedding
the groups in a compact Lie group of dimension one, and was suggested by P. H.
Kropholler and J. Huebschmann.


title: Some examples in the integral and Brown-Peterson cohomology of p-groups

abstract:
  For each odd prime p, we exhibit p-groups G of p-rank two such that (suitably
defined) Chern classes of unitary representations of G fail to generate the
following rings:
  1. The even degree integral cohomology of G;
  2. The final page of the Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence for G;
  3. The Brown-Peterson generalized cohomology of G.
  It follows that these groups afford counterexamples to conjectures of C. B.
Thomas, M. F. Atiyah and P. Landweber.


title:
Clues to the Origin of the Mass-Metallicity Relation: Dependence on Star
  Formation Rate and Galaxy Size

abstract:
  We use a sample of 43,690 galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Data Release 4 to study the systematic effects of specific star formation rate
(SSFR) and galaxy size (as measured by the half light radius, r_h) on the
mass-metallicity relation. We find that galaxies with high SSFR or large r_h
for their stellar mass have systematically lower gas phase-metallicities (by up
to 0.2 dex) than galaxies with low SSFR or small r_h. We discuss possible
origins for these dependencies, including galactic winds/outflows, abundance
gradients, environment and star formation rate efficiencies.


title: A differential in the Lyndon-Hochschild-Serre spectral sequence

abstract:
  We consider the Lyndon-Hochschild-Serre spectral sequence with mod-p
coefficients for a central extension with kernel cyclic of order a power of p
and arbitrary discrete quotient group. For this spectral sequence the second
and third differentials are known, and we give a description for the fourth
differential. Using this result we deduce a similar formula for the Serre
spectral sequence for a principal fibration with fibre the classifying space of
a cyclic p-group. The differential from odd rows to even rows involves a Massey
triple product, so we describe the calculation of such products in the
cohomology of a finite abelian group. As an example we determine the Poincare
series for the mod-3 cohomology of various 3-groups.
  Remarks. 1) My definition of the higher differentials $d_i$ for $i\geq 2$ in
the spectral sequence for a double chain complex differs from the usual one by
a factor of $(-1)^{i+1}$. Both conventions are consistent, but the usual
definition has the advantage of agreeing with the ``obvious'' definition of the
differentials in the spectral sequence for the associated filtered chain
complex. All of the theorems in this paper remain true exactly as stated if the
more usual definition of $d_i$ is taken.
  2) Carles Broto found a small mistake in this paper: the result for
fibrations with fibre the classifying space of a cyclic group is stated for
arbitrary fibrations, although it is only proved for principal fibrations.
Since it is apparent from the first sentence of the proof that only principal
fibrations are being considered, I have not bothered to publish an erratum.


title: Time averages of polynomials

abstract:
  We define and study when a polynomial mapping has a local or global time
average. We conjecture that a polynomial f in the complex plane has a time
average near a point z if and only if z is eventually mapped into a Siegel-disc
of f. We prove that the conjecture holds generically, namely for those
polynomials whose iterates have the maximal number of critical values.
Important steps in the proofs rely on understanding the iterated monodromy
groups. We also show that a polynomial automorphism of C^2 has a global time
average if and only if the map is conjugate to an elementary mapping. The
definition of a time average is motivated by an attempt to understand the
polynomial automorphism groups in dimensions 3 and higher.


title: Divisorial Cohomology Vanishing on Toric Varieties

abstract:
  This work discusses combinatorial and arithmetic aspects of cohomology
vanishing for divisorial sheaves on toric varieties. We obtain a refined
variant of the Kawamata-Viehweg theorem which is slightly stronger. Moreover,
we prove a new vanishing theorem related to divisors whose inverse is nef and
has small Kodaira dimension. Finally, we give a new criterion for divisorial
sheaves for being maximal Cohen-Macaulay.


title:
Performance of a non-empirical meta-GGA density functional for
  excitation energies

abstract:
  It is known that the adiabatic approximation in time-dependent density
functional theory usually provides a good description of low-lying excitations
of molecules. In the present work, the capability of the adiabatic nonempirical
meta-generalized gradient approximation (meta-GGA) of Tao, Perdew, Staroverov,
and Scuseria (TPSS) to describe atomic and molecular excitations is tested. The
adiabatic (one-parameter) hybrid version of the TPSS meta-GGA and the adiabatic
GGA of Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE) are also included in the test. The
results are compared to experiments and to two well-established hybrid
functionals PBE0 and B3LYP. Calculations show that both adiabatic TPSS and
TPSSh functionals produce excitation energies in fairly good agreement with
experiments, and improve upon the adiabatic local spin density approximation
and, in particular, the adiabatic PBE GGA. This further confirms that TPSS is
indeed a reliable nonhybrid universal functional which can serve as the
starting point from which higher-level approximations can be constructed. The
systematic underestimate of the low-lying vertical excitation energies of
molecules with time-dependent density functionals within the adiabatic
approximation suggests that further improvement can be made with nonadiabatic
corrections.


title: p-Groups are not determined by their integral cohomology groups

abstract:
  For each prime p, we exhibit pairs of p-groups all of whose integral
cohomology groups are isomorphic. The method used involves very little
calculation. The groups are exhibited as kernels of homomorphisms from a
compact Lie group G to U(1), and the main result is that kernels of `similar'
elements of Hom(G,U(1)) have isomorphic integral cohomology groups.
  The 2-groups constructed in this version have been corrected (there was a
mistake in the presentations given in the published paper).


title: 3-groups are not determined by their integral cohomology rings

abstract:
  We compute the integral cohomology rings of a family of 3-groups. As a
corollary, we exhibit, for each n greater than or equal to 5, a pair of groups
of order 3^n whose integral cohomology rings are isomorphic.


title: Entanglement, Non-linear Dynamics, and the Heisenberg Limit

abstract:
  We show that the quantum Fisher information provides a sufficient condition
to recognize multi-particle entanglement in a $N$ qubit state. The same
criterion gives a necessary and sufficient condition for sub shot-noise phase
sensitivity in the estimation of a collective rotation angle $\theta$. The
analysis therefore singles out the class of entangled states which are {\it
useful} to overcome classical phase sensitivity in metrology and sensors. We
finally study the creation of useful entangled states by the non-linear
dynamical evolution of two decoupled Bose-Einstein condensates or trapped ions.


title: Sets, Lists and Noncrossing Partitions

abstract:
  Partitions of [n]={1,2,...,n} into sets of lists are counted by sequence
number A000262 in the On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. They are
somewhat less numerous than partitions of [n] into lists of sets, A000670. Here
we observe that the former are actually equinumerous with partitions of [n]
into lists of *noncrossing* sets and give a bijective proof. We show that
partitions of [n] into sets of noncrossing lists are counted by A088368 and
generalize this result to introduce a transform on integer sequences that we
dub the "noncrossing partition" transform. We also derive recurrence relations
to count partitions of [n] into lists of noncrossing lists.


title:
Construction of the discrete breathers and a simple physical
  interpretation of their existence

abstract:
  We present a simple numerical method for the discrete breather construction
based on the idea of the pair synchronization of the particles involved in the
breather vibration. It can be used for obtaining exact breather solutions in
nonlinear Hamiltonian lattices of different types. We illustrate the above
method using chains of the coupled Duffng oscillators. With some additional
approximation, the pair synchronization method leads to a very simple physical
interpretation of the existence of the exact breathers as strictly
time-periodic and spatially localized dynamical objects.


title: Network reconstruction based on quasi-steady state data

abstract:
  This note discusses a theoretical issue regarding the application of the
"Modular Response Analysis" method to quasi-steady state (rather than
steady-state) data.


title:
On the variability of quasars: a link between Eddington ratio and
  optical variability?

abstract:
  Repeat scans by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) of a 278 square degree
stripe along the Celestial equator have yielded an average of over 10
observations each for nearly 8,000 spectroscopically confirmed quasars. Over
2500 of these quasars are in the redshift range such that the CIV emission line
is visible in the SDSS spectrum. Utilising the width of these CIV lines and the
luminosity of the nearby continuum, we estimate black hole masses for these
objects. In an effort to isolate the effects of black hole mass and luminosity
on the photometric variability of our dataset, we create several subsamples by
binning in these two physical parameters. By comparing the ensemble structure
functions of the quasars in these bins, we are able to reproduce the well-known
anticorrelation between luminosity and variability, now showing that this
anticorrelation is independent of the black hole mass. In addition, we find a
correlation between variability and the mass of the central black hole. By
combining these two relations, we identify the Eddington ratio as a possible
driver of quasar variability, most likely due to differences in accretion
efficiency.


title:
An Overdensity of i-dropouts Among A Population of Excess Field Objects
  in the Virgo Cluster

abstract:
  Using a set of deep imaging data obtained by the ACS on the HST shortly after
its deployment, Yan, Windhorst & Cohen (2003) found a large number of
F775W-band dropouts (i-dropouts), which are consistent with being galaxies at
z~6. The surface density of i-dropouts thus derived, however, is an order of
magnitude higher than those subsequent studies found in other deep ACS fields,
including the HUDF. Here we revisit this problem, using both the existing and
the new data. We confirm that the large overdensity of i-dropouts does exist in
this field, and that their optical-to-IR colors are similar to those in the
HUDF. However, we have discovered that the i-dropout overdensity is accompanied
with an even larger excess of faint field objects in this region and its
vicinity. This large excess of field objects is most likely caused by the tidal
``debris'' and/or halo stars related to an interacting galaxy pair in the Virgo
Cluster, M60/NGC4647, which lies several arcminutes away from the region where
the excess is found. This excess population is also red in color, and the red
wing of its color distribution continuously extends to the regime where the
i-dropouts reside. While we still cannot completely rule out the possibility
that the overdensity of i-dropouts might be a genuine large-scale structure of
galaxies at z~6, we prefer the interpretation that most of them are part of the
excess stellar population related to M60/NGC4647. Future spectroscopic work
will be needed to identify the nature of this i-dropout overdensity. (Abridged)


title:
Collisional Control of Ground State Polar Molecules and Universal
  Dipolar Scattering

abstract:
  We explore the impact of the short range interaction on the scattering of
ground state polar molecules, and study the transition from a weak to strong
dipolar scattering over an experimentally reasonable range of energies and
electric field values. In the strong dipolar limit, the scattering scales with
respect to a dimensionless quantity defined by mass, induced dipole moment, and
collision energy. The scaling has implications for all quantum mechanical
dipolar scattering, and therefore this universal dipolar scaling provides
estimates of scattering cross sections for any dipolar system.


title: Supersolid of indirect excitons in electron-hole quantum Hall systems

abstract:
  We investigate the ground state of a balanced electron-hole system in the
quantum Hall regime using mean-field theory and obtain a rich phase diagram as
a function of interlayer distance d and the filling factor within a layer. We
identify an excitonic condensate phase, an excitonic supersolid phase, as well
as uncorrelated Wigner crystal states. We find that balanced electron-hole
system exhibits a supersolid phase a wide range of filling factors, with
different crystal structure ground states. We obtain the ground state stiffness
in the excitonic phases and show that the phase transitions from a uniform
condensate to a supersolid is accompanied by a marked change in the stiffness.
Our results provide the first semi-quantitative determination excitonic
supersolid phase diagram and properties.


title:
Corotation Resonance and Diskoseismology Modes of Black Hole Accretion
  Disks

abstract:
  We demonstrate that the corotation resonance affects only some
non-axisymmetric g-mode oscillations of thin accretion disks, since it is
located within their capture zones. Using a more general (weaker radial WKB
approximation) formulation of the governing equations, such g-modes, treated as
perfect fluid perturbations, are shown to formally diverge at the position of
the corotation resonance. A small amount of viscosity adds a small imaginary
part to the eigenfrequency which has been shown to induce a secular instability
(mode growth) if it acts hydrodynamically. The g-mode corotation resonance
divergence disappears, but the mode magnitude can remain largest at the place
of the corotation resonance. For the known g-modes with moderate values of the
radial mode number and axial mode number (and any vertical mode number), the
corotation resonance lies well outside their trapping region (and inside the
innermost stable circular orbit), so the observationally relevant modes are
unaffected by the resonance. The axisymmetric g-mode has been seen by Reynolds
& Miller in a recent inviscid hydrodynamic accretion disk global numerical
simulation. We also point out that the g-mode eigenfrequencies are
approximately proportional to m for axial mode numbers |m|>0.


title: Bi-Hamiltonian Structure in Serret-Frenet Frame

abstract:
  We reduced the problem of constructing bi-Hamiltonian structure in three
dimensions to the solution of a Riccati equation in moving coordinates of
Serret-Frenet frame. We then show that either the linearly independent
solutions of the corresponding second order equation or the normal vectors of
the moving frame imply two compatible Poisson structures.


title:
Dark Matter and Baryons in the Most X-ray Luminous and Merging Galaxy
  Cluster RX J1347.5-1145

abstract:
  The galaxy cluster RX J1347-1145 is one of the most X-ray luminous and most
massive clusters known. Its extreme mass makes it a prime target for studying
issues addressing cluster formation and cosmology. In this paper we present new
high-resolution HST/ACS and Chandra X-ray data. The high resolution and
sensitivity of ACS enabled us to detect and quantify several new multiply
imaged sources, we now use a total of eight for the strong lensing analysis.
Combining this information with shape measurements of weak lensing sources in
the central regions of the cluster, we derive a high-resolution,
absolutely-calibrated mass map. This map provides the best available
quantification of the total mass of the central part of the cluster to date. We
compare the reconstructed mass with that inferred from the new Chandra X-ray
data, and conclude that both mass estimates agree extremely well in the
observed region, namely within 400 / h_70 kpc of the cluster center. In
addition we study the major baryonic components (gas and stars) and hence
derive the dark matter distribution in the center of the cluster. We find that
the dark matter and baryons are both centered on the BCG within the
uncertainties (alignment is better than <10 kpc). We measure the corresponding
1-D profiles and find that dark matter distribution is consistent with both NFW
and cored profiles, indicating that a more extended radial analysis is needed
to pinpoint the concentration parameter, and hence the inner slope of the dark
matter profile.


title: A mapping between Lorentz-violating and conventional electrodynamics

abstract:
  The Chern-Simons-type term in the photon sector of the Lorentz- and
CPT-breaking minimal Standard-Model Extension (mSME) is considered. It is
argued that under certain circumstances this term can be removed from the mSME.
In particular, it is demonstrated that for lightlike Lorentz violation a field
redefinition exists that maps the on-shell free Chern-Simons model to
conventional on-shell free electrodynamics. A compact explicit expression for
an operator implementing such a mapping is constructed. This expression
establishes that the field redefinition is non-local.


title: Towards an interoperable International Lattice Datagrid

abstract:
  The International Lattice Datagrid (ILDG) is a federation of several regional
grids. Since most of these grids have reached production level, an increasing
number of lattice scientists start to benefit from this new research
infrastructure. The ILDG Middleware Working Group has the task of specifying
the ILDG middleware such that interoperability among the different grids is
achieved. In this paper we will present the architecture of the ILDG middleware
and describe what has actually been achieved in recent years. Particular focus
is given to interoperability and security issues. We will conclude with a short
overview on issues which we plan to address in the near future.


title:
A formula for the R-matrix using a system of weight preserving
  endomorphisms

abstract:
  We give a formula for the universal R-matrix of the quantized universal
enveloping algebra $U_q(\g).$ This is similar to a previous formula due to
Kirillov-Reshetikhin and Levendorskii-Soibelman, except that where they use the
action of the braid group element $T_{w_0}$ on each representation, we show
that one can instead use a system of weight preserving endomorphisms. One
advantage of our construction is that it is well defined for all symmetrizable
Kac-Moody algebras. However we have only established that the result in equal
to the universal R-matrix in finite type.


title:
Statefinder diagnostic for cosmology with the abnormally weighting
  energy hypothesis

abstract:
  In this paper, we apply the statefinder diagnostic to the cosmology with the
Abnormally Weighting Energy hypothesis (AWE cosmology), in which dark energy in
the observational (ordinary matter) frame results from the violation of weak
equivalence principle (WEP) by pressureless matter. It is found that there
exist closed loops in the statefinder plane, which is an interesting
characteristic of the evolution trajectories of statefinder parameters and can
be used to distinguish AWE cosmology from the other cosmological models.


title: Reddening, Colour and Metallicity of the M31 Globular Cluster System

abstract:
  Using metallicities from the literature, combined with the Revised Bologna
Catalogue of photometric data for M31 clusters and cluster candidates (the
latter of which is the most comprehensive catalogue of M31 clusters currently
available, including 337 confirmed globular clusters -- GCs -- and 688 GC
candidates), we determine 443 reddening values and intrinsic colours, and 209
metallicities for individual clusters without spectroscopic observations. This,
the largest sample of M31 GCs presently available, is then used to analyse the
metallicity distribution of M31 GCs, which is bimodal with peaks at $\rm
{[Fe/H]}\approx -1.7$ and -0.7 dex. An exploration of metallicities as a
function of radius from the M31 centre shows a metallicity gradient for the
metal-poor GCs, but no such gradient for the metal-rich GCs. Our results show
that the metal-rich clusters appear as a centrally concentrated spatial
distribution; however, the metal-poor clusters tend to be less spatially
concentrated. There is no correlation between luminosity and metallicity among
the M31 sample clusters, which indicates that self-enrichment is indeed
unimportant for cluster formation in M31. The reddening distribution shows that
slightly more than half of the GCs are affected by a reddening of $E(B-V) \la
0.2$ mag; the mean reddening value is $E(B-V) = 0.28_{-0.14}^{+0.23}$ mag. The
spatial distribution of the reddening values indicates that the reddening on
the northwestern side of the M31 disc is more significant than that on the
southeastern side, which is consistent with the conclusion that the
northwestern side in nearer to us.


title: Habitable Climates

abstract:
  According to the standard liquid-water definition, the Earth is only
partially habitable. We reconsider planetary habitability in the framework of
energy-balance models, the simplest seasonal models in physical climatology, to
assess the spatial and temporal habitability of Earth-like planets. We quantify
the degree of climatic habitability of our models with several metrics of
fractional habitability. Previous evaluations of habitable zones may have
omitted important climatic conditions by focusing on close Solar System
analogies. For example, we find that model pseudo-Earths with different
rotation rates or different land-ocean fractions have fractional habitabilities
that differ significantly from that of the Earth itself. Furthermore, the
stability of a planet's climate against albedo-feedback snowball events
strongly impacts its habitability. Therefore, issues of climate dynamics may be
central in assessing the habitability of discovered terrestrial exoplanets,
especially if astronomical forcing conditions are different from the moderate
Solar System cases.


title: Solution of the genaralized periodic discrete Toda equation

abstract:
  A box-ball system with more than one kind of balls is obtained by the
generalized periodic discrete Toda equation (pd Toda eq.). We study the pd Toda
equation in view of algebraic geometry. The time evolution of pd Toda eq. is
linearized on an algebraic variety, and theta function solutions are obtained.


title: New insights into the nature of the SMC WR/LBV binary HD 5980

abstract:
  We present the results of optical wavelength observations of the unusual SMC
eclipsing binary system HD 5980 obtained in 1999 and 2004--2005. Radial
velocity curves for the erupting LBV/WR object (star A) and its close WR-like
companion (star B) are obtained by deblending the variable emission-line
profiles of N IV and N V lines under the simplistic assumption that these lines
originate primarily in the winds of star A and star B. The derived masses
M_A=58--79 Mo and M_B=51--67 Mo, are more consistent with the stars' location
near the top of the HRD than previous estimates. The presence of a wind-wind
interaction region is inferred from the orbital phase-dependent behavior of He
I P Cygni absorption components. The emission-line intensities continued with
the declining trend previously seen in UV spectra. The behavior of the
photospheric absorption lines is consistent with the results of Schweickhardt
(2002) who concludes that the third object in the combined spectrum, star C, is
also a binary system with P(starC)~96.5 days, e=0.83. The data used in this
paper will be made publicly available for further analysis.


title: Higher string topology operations

abstract:
  Chas and Sullivan have defined an intersection-type product on the homology
of the free loop space LM of an oriented manifold M. In this paper we show how
to extend this construction to a topological conformal field theory of degree
d. In particular, we get operations on the homology of LM which are
parameterized by the homology of the moduli space of open-closed Riemann
surfaces.


title: On the nature of the lowest $1/2^-$ baryon nonet and decuplet

abstract:
  From recent study of properties of the lowest spin-parity $1/2^-$ baryons,
$N^*(1535)$ and $\Delta^*(1620)$, new pictures for the internal structure of
the lowest $1/2^-$ baryon octet and decuplet are proposed. While the lowest
$1/2^-$ baryon octet may have large diquark-diquark-antiquark component, the
lowest $1/2^-$ baryon decuplet is proposed to have large vector-meson-baryon
components. Evidence for the "missing" members of the new pictures is pointed
out and suggestions are made for detecting these predicted states from
forthcoming experiments.


title: Understanding Confinement From Deconfinement

abstract:
  We use effective magnetic SU(N) pure gauge theory with cutoff M and fixed
gauge coupling g_m to calculate non-perturbative magnetic properties of the
deconfined phase of SU(N) Yang-Mills theory. We obtain the response to an
external closed loop of electric current by reinterpreting and regulating the
calculation of the one loop effective potential in Yang-Mills theory. This
effective potential gives rise to a color magnetic charge density, the
counterpart in the deconfined phase of color magnetic currents introduced in
effective dual superconductor theories of the confined phase via magnetically
charged Higgs fields. The resulting spatial Wilson loop has area law behavior.
Using values of M and g_m determined in the confined phase, we find SU(3)
spatial string tensions compatible with lattice simulations in the temperature
interval 1.5T_c < T < 2.5T_c. Use of the effective theory to analyze
experiments on heavy ion collisions will provide applications and further tests
of these ideas.


title:
Uncovering latent singularities from multifractal scaling laws in mixed
  asymptotic regime. Application to turbulence

abstract:
  In this paper we revisit an idea originally proposed by Mandelbrot about the
possibility to observe ``negative dimensions'' in random multifractals. For
that purpose, we define a new way to study scaling where the observation scale
$\tau$ and the total sample length $L$ are respectively going to zero and to
infinity. This ``mixed'' asymptotic regime is parametrized by an exponent
$\chi$ that corresponds to Mandelbrot ``supersampling exponent''. In order to
study the scaling exponents in the mixed regime, we use a formalism introduced
in the context of the physics of disordered systems relying upon traveling wave
solutions of some non-linear iteration equation. Within our approach, we show
that for random multiplicative cascade models, the parameter $\chi$ can be
interpreted as a negative dimension and, as anticipated by Mandelbrot, allows
one to uncover the ``hidden'' negative part of the singularity spectrum,
corresponding to ``latent'' singularities. We illustrate our purpose on
synthetic cascade models. When applied to turbulence data, this formalism
allows us to distinguish two popular phenomenological models of dissipation
intermittency: We show that the mixed scaling exponents agree with a log-normal
model and not with log-Poisson statistics.


title: Periods and Feynman integrals

abstract:
  We consider multi-loop integrals in dimensional regularisation and the
corresponding Laurent series. We study the integral in the Euclidean region and
where all ratios of invariants and masses have rational values. We prove that
in this case all coefficients of the Laurent series are periods.


title: Cooperative Relaying with State Available at the Relay

abstract:
  We consider a state-dependent full-duplex relay channel with the state of the
channel non-causally available at only the relay. In the framework of
cooperative wireless networks, some specific terminals can be equipped with
cognition capabilities, i.e, the relay in our model. In the discrete memoryless
(DM) case, we derive lower and upper bounds on channel capacity. The lower
bound is obtained by a coding scheme at the relay that consists in a
combination of codeword splitting, Gel'fand-Pinsker binning, and a
decode-and-forward scheme. The upper bound is better than that obtained by
assuming that the channel state is available at the source and the destination
as well. For the Gaussian case, we also derive lower and upper bounds on
channel capacity. The lower bound is obtained by a coding scheme which is based
on a combination of codeword splitting and Generalized dirty paper coding. The
upper bound is also better than that obtained by assuming that the channel
state is available at the source, the relay, and the destination. The two
bounds meet, and so give the capacity, in some special cases for the degraded
Gaussian case.


title:
Effective action, magnetic excitations and quantum fluctuations in
  lightly doped single layer cuprates

abstract:
  We consider the extended 2D $t-t'-t''-J$ model at zero temperature.
Parameters of the model corresponds to doping by holes. Using the low doping
effective action we demonstrate that the system can 1) preserve the long range
collinear antiferromagnetic order, 2) lead to a spin spiral state (static or
dynamic), 3) lead to the phase separation instability. We show that at
parameters of the effective action corresponding to the single layer cuprate
La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ the spin spiral ground state is realized. We derive
properties of magnetic excitations and calculate quantum fluctuations. Quantum
fluctuations destroy the static spin spiral at the critical doping $x_c\approx
0.11$. This is the point of the quantum phase transition to the spin-liquid
state (dynamic spin spiral). The state is still double degenerate with respect
to the direction of the dynamic spiral, so this is a ``directional nematic''.
The superconducting pairing exists throughout the phase diagram and is not
sensitive to the quantum phase transition. We also compare the calculated
neutron scattering spectra with experimental data.


title: Secluded WIMP Dark Matter

abstract:
  We consider a generic mechanism via which thermal relic WIMP dark matter may
be decoupled from the Standard Model, namely through a combination of WIMP
annihilation to metastable mediators with subsequent delayed decay to Standard
Model states. We illustrate this with explicit examples of WIMPs connected to
the Standard Model by metastable bosons or fermions. In all models, provided
the WIMP mass is greater than that of the mediator, it can be secluded from the
Standard Model with an extremely small elastic scattering cross-section on
nuclei and rate for direct collider production. In contrast, indirect
signatures from WIMP annihilation are consistent with a weak scale
cross-section and provide potentially observable \gamma-ray signals. We also
point out that \gamma-ray constraints and flavor physics impose severe
restrictions on MeV-scale variants of secluded models, and identify limited
classes that pass all the observational constraints.


title: Infinitesimal Hecke algebra of sl_2 in positive characteristic

abstract:
  In this paper we consider an infinitesimal Hecke algebra of $sl_2$ in
positive characteristic. We show that it is a finitely generated module over
its center, and the smooth and the Azumaya loci of its center coincide.


title:
String Dynamics, Spontaneous Breaking of Supersymmetry and Dual Scalar
  Field Theory

abstract:
  The dynamics of a vortex string, which describes the Nambu-Goldtone modes of
the spontaneous breakdown of the target space D=4, N=1 supersymmetry and
internal $U(1)_R$ symmetry to the world sheet ISO(1,1) symmetry, is constructed
by using the approach of nonlinear realization. The resulting action describing
the low energy oscillations of the string into the covolume (super)space is
found to have an invariant synthesis form of the Akulov-Volkov and Nambu-Goto
actions. Its dual scalar field action is obtained by means of introducing two
vectorial Lagrangian multipliers into the action of the string


title: Time decay for Schroedinger equation with rough potentials

abstract:
  We obtain certain time decay and regularity estimates for 3D Schroedinger
equation with a potential in the Kato class by using Besov spaces associated
with Schroedinger operators.


title:
Bright bichromatic entanglement and quantum dynamics of sum frequency
  generation

abstract:
  We investigate the quantum properties of the well-known process of sum
frequency generation, showing that it is potentially a very useful source of
non-classical states of the electromagnetic field, some of which are not
possible with the more common techniques. We show that it can produce
quadrature squeezed light, bright bichromatic entangled states and symmetric
and asymmetric demonstrations of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox. We also
show that the semiclassical equations totally fail to describe the mean-field
dynamics when the cavity is strongly pumped.


title: A random walk on Z with drift driven by its occupation time at zero

abstract:
  We consider a nearest neighbor random walk on the one-dimensional integer
lattice with drift towards the origin determined by an asymptotically vanishing
function of the number of visits to zero. We show the existence of distinct
regimes according to the rate of decay of the drift. In particular, when the
rate is sufficiently slow, the position of the random walk, properly
normalized, converges to a symmetric exponential law. In this regime, in
contrast to the classical case, the range of the walk scales differently from
its position.


title: Large deviations for random walk in a space--time product environment

abstract:
  We consider random walk $(X_n)_{n\geq0}$ on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ in a space--time
product environment $\omega\in\Omega$. We take the point of view of the
particle and focus on the environment Markov chain $(T_{n,X_n}\omega)_{n\geq0}$
where $T$ denotes the shift on $\Omega$. Conditioned on the particle having
asymptotic mean velocity equal to any given $\xi$, we show that the empirical
process of the environment Markov chain converges to a stationary process
$\mu_{\xi}^{\infty}$ under the averaged measure. When $d\geq3$ and $\xi$ is
sufficiently close to the typical velocity, we prove that averaged and quenched
large deviations are equivalent and when conditioned on the particle having
asymptotic mean velocity $\xi$, the empirical process of the environment Markov
chain converges to $\mu_{\xi}^{\infty}$ under the quenched measure as well. In
this case, we show that $\mu_{\xi}^{\infty}$ is a stationary Markov process
whose kernel is obtained from the original kernel by a Doob $h$-transform.


title:
Combining Visual and Photoelectric Observations of Semi-Regular Red
  Variables

abstract:
  Combining visual observations of SR variables with measurements of them using
a photoelectric photometer is discussed then demonstrated using data obtained
for the bright, southern SR variable theta Aps. Combining such observations is
useful in that it can provide a more comprehensive set of data by extending the
temporal coverage of the light curve. Typically there are systematic
differences in the visual and photometric datasets that must be corrected for.


title: Asymmetric Nuclear Matter with Pion Dressing

abstract:
  We discuss a self-consistent method to calculate the properties of cold
asymmetric nuclear matter which is dressed with isoscalar scalar pion
condensates. The nucleon-nucleon interaction is mediated by these pion pairs,
omega- and rho- mesons. The parameters of these interactions are evaluated
self-consistently using the saturation properties of nuclear matter like
binding energy, pressure, compressibility and symmetry energy. The computed
equation of state of pure neutron matter (PNM) is used to calculate mass and
radius of a pure neutron star.


title: The Lie-Poisson Structure of the Euler Equations of an Ideal Fluid

abstract:
  This paper provides a precise sense in which the time t map for the Euler
equations of an ideal fluid in a region in R^n (or a smooth compact n-manifold
with boundary) is a Poisson map relative to the Lie-Poisson bracket associated
with the group of volume preserving diffeomorphism group. This is interesting
and nontrivial because in Eulerian representation, the time t maps need not be
C^1 from the Sobolev class H^s to itself (where s > (n/2) + 1). The idea of how
this difficulty is overcome is to exploit the fact that one does have
smoothness in the Lagrangian representation and then carefully perform a
Lie-Poisson reduction procedure.


title: Optimal Decompositions of Translations of $L^{2}$-functions

abstract:
  In this paper we offer a computational approach to the spectral function for
a finite family of commuting operators, and give applications. Motivated by
questions in wavelets and in signal processing, we study a problem about
spectral concentration of integral translations of functions in the Hilbert
space $L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$. Our approach applies more generally to families
of $n$ arbitrary commuting unitary operators in a complex Hilbert space
$\mathcal{H}$, or equivalent the spectral theory of a unitary representation
$U$ of the rank-$n$ lattice $\mathbb{Z}^{n}$ in $\mathbb{R}^{n}$. Starting with
a non-zero vector $\psi \in \mathcal{H}$, we look for relations among the
vectors in the cyclic subspace in $\mathcal{H}$ generated by $\psi$. Since
these vectors $\{U(k)\psi | k \in \mathbb{Z}^{n}\}$ involve infinite ``linear
combinations," the problem arises of giving geometric characterizations of
these non-trivial linear relations. A special case of the problem arose
initially in work of Kolmogorov under the name $L^{2}$-independence. This
refers to \textit{infinite} linear combinations of integral translates of a
fixed function with $l^{2}$-coefficients. While we were motivated by the study
of translation operators arising in wavelet and frame theory, we stress that
our present results are general; our theorems are about spectral densities for
general unitary operators, and for stochastic integrals.


title:
Renormalized Effective Actions in Radially Symmetric Backgrounds: Exact
  Calculations Versus Approximation Methods

abstract:
  Our previously-developed calculational method (the partial wave cutoff
method) is employed to evaluate explicitly scalar one-loop effective actions in
a class of radially symmetric background gauge fields. Our method proves to be
particularly effective when it is used in conjunction with a systematic WKB
series for the large partial wave contribution to the effective action. By
comparing these numerically exact calculations against the predictions based on
the large mass expansion and derivative expansion, we discuss the validity
ranges of the latter approximation methods.


title:
New Supergravity Backgrounds Dual to N=1 SQCD-like Theories with
  N_f=2N_c

abstract:
  We present new supergravity backgrounds generated by N_c D5-branes, wrapping
the S^2 of the resolved conifold, in the presence of N_f = 2 N_c smeared flavor
D5-branes. The smearing allows us to take their backreaction on the geometry
into account. We discuss the consistency, stability, and supersymmetry of these
types of setups. We find near horizon geometries that we expect to be
supergravity duals of SQCD-like theories with N_f= 2N_c. From these backgrounds
we numerically extract rectangular Wilson loops and beta functions of the dual
field theory for the regime where our approximations are valid.


title:
Spontaneous emission control in high-extraction efficiency plasmonic
  crystals

abstract:
  We experimentally and theoretically investigate exciton-field coupling for
the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) in waveguide-confined (WC) anti-symmetric
modes of hexagonal plasmonic crystals in InP-TiO-Au-TiO-Si heterostructures.
The radiative decay time of the InP-based transverse magnetic (TM)-strained
multi-quantum well (MQW) coupled to the SPP modes is observed to be 2.9-3.7
times shorter than that of a bare MQW wafer. Theoretically we find that 80 % of
the enhanced PL is emitted into SPP modes, and 17 % of the enhanced
luminescence is redirected into WC-anti-symmetric modes. In addition to the
direct coupling of the excitons to the plasmonic modes, this demonstration is
also useful for the development of high-temperature SPP lasers, the development
of highly integrated photo-electrical devices, or miniaturized biosensors.


title: An upper bound on the reduction number of an ideal

abstract:
  Let A be a commutative ring and I an ideal of A with a reduction Q. In this
paper we give an upper bound on the reduction number of I with respect to Q,
when a suitable family of ideals in A is given. As a corollary it follows that
if some ideal J containing I satisfies J^2 = QJ, then I^{v + 2} = QI^{v + 1},
where v denotes the number of generators of J / I as an A-module.


title:
Measuring the phonon-assisted spectral function by using a
  non-quilibrium three-terminal single-molecular device

abstract:
  The electron transport through a three-terminal single-molecular transistor
(SMT) is theoretically studied. We find that the differential conductance of
the third and weakly coupled terminal versus its voltage matches well with the
spectral function versus the energy when certain conditions are met.
Particularly, this excellent matching is maintained even for complicated
structure of the phonon-assisted side peaks. Thus, this device offers an
experimental approach to explore the shape of the phonon-assisted spectral
function in detail. In addition we discuss the conditions of a perfect
matching. The results show that at low temperatures the matching survives
regardless of the bias and the energy levels of the SMT. However, at high
temperatures, the matching is destroyed.


title:
Transmission phase shift of phonon-assisted tunneling through a quantum
  dot

abstract:
  The influence of electron-phonon interaction on the transmission phase shift
of an electron passing through a quantum dot is investigated by using the
scattering theory. The transmission phase versus the intra-dot level shows a
serial of phonon-induced dips. These dips are highly sensitive to
electron-phonon interaction strength $\lambda$, and they are much more
pronounced than phonon-assisted sub-peaks appeared in the conductance.
Phonon-induce dephasing is also studied, and the results show that the
dephasing probability $T_d$ monotonically increases with the electron-phonon
interaction strength $\lambda$. The dephasing probability $T_d
\propto\lambda^2$ for small $\lambda$ but $T_d\propto \lambda$ at large
$\lambda$.


title: Comparison of Spline with Kriging in an Epidemiological Problem

abstract:
  There are various methods to analyze different kinds of data sets. Spatial
data is defined when data is dependent on each other based on their respective
locations. Spline and Kriging are two methods for interpolating and predicting
spatial data. Under certain conditions, these methods are equivalent, but in
practice they show different behaviors. Amount of data can be observed only at
some positions that are chosen as positions of sample points, therefore,
prediction of data values in other positions is important. In this paper, the
link between Spline and Kriging methods is described, then for an
epidemiological two dimensional real data set, data is observed in geological
longitude and in latitude dimensions, and behavior of these methods are
investigated. Comparison of these performances show that for this data set,
Kriging method has a better performance than Spline method.


title: Quantum phase transitions in the systems of parallel quantum dots

abstract:
  We study the low-temperature transport properties of the systems of parallel
quantum dots described by the N-impurity Anderson model. We calculate the
quasiparticle scattering phase shifts, spectral functions and correlations as a
function of the gate voltage for N up to 5. For any N, the conductance at the
particle-hole symmetric point is unitary. For N >= 2, a transition from
ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic impurity spin correlations occurs at some
gate voltage. For N >= 3, there is an additional transition due to an abrupt
change in average impurity occupancy. For odd N, the conductance is
discontinuous through both quantum phase transitions, while for even N only the
magnetic transition affects the conductance. Similar effects should be
experimentally observable in the systems of quantum dots with ferromagnetic
conduction-band-mediated inter-dot exchange interactions.


title:
Galaxy redshift abundance periodicity from Fourier analysis of number
  counts $N(z)$ using SDSS and 2dF GRS galaxy surveys

abstract:
  A Fourier analysis on galaxy number counts from redshift data of both the
Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey indicates that
galaxies have preferred periodic redshift spacings of $\Delta z =$ 0.0102,
0.0246, and 0.0448 in the SDSS and strong agreement with the results from the
2dF GRS. The redshift spacings are confirmed by the mass density fluctuations,
the power spectrum $P(z)$ and $N_{pairs}$ calculations. Application of the
Hubble law results in galaxies preferentially located on co-moving concentric
shells with periodic spacings. The combined results from both surveys indicate
regular co-moving radial distance spacings of $31.7 \pm 1.8$ $h^{-1} Mpc$,
$73.4 \pm 5.8$ $h^{-1} Mpc$ and $127 \pm 21$ $h^{-1} Mpc$. The results are
consistent with oscillations in the expansion rate of the universe over past
epochs.


title: PSF calibration requirements for dark energy from cosmic shear

abstract:
  The control of systematic effects when measuring galaxy shapes is one of the
main challenges for cosmic shear analyses. In this context, we study the
fundamental limitations on shear accuracy due to the measurement of the Point
Spread Function (PSF) from the finite number of stars. In order to do that, we
translate the accuracy required for cosmological parameter estimation to the
minimum number of stars over which the PSF must be calibrated. We first derive
our results analytically in the case of infinitely small pixels (i.e.
infinitely high resolution). Then image simulations are used to validate these
results and investigate the effect of finite pixel size in the case of an
elliptical gaussian PSF. Our results are expressed in terms of the minimum
number of stars required to calibrate the PSF in order to ensure that
systematic errors are smaller than statistical errors when estimating the
cosmological parameters. On scales smaller than the area containing this
minimum number of stars, there is not enough information to model the PSF. In
the case of an elliptical gaussian PSF and in the absence of dithering, 2
pixels per PSF Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) implies a 20% increase of the
minimum number of stars compared to the ideal case of infinitely small pixels;
0.9 pixels per PSF FWHM implies a factor 100 increase. In the case of a good
resolution and a typical Signal-to-Noise Ratio distribution of stars, we find
that current surveys need the PSF to be calibrated over a few stars, which may
explain residual systematics on scales smaller than a few arcmins. Future
all-sky cosmic shear surveys require the PSF to be calibrated over a region
containing about 50 stars.


title: The prisoners dilemma on a stochastic non-growth network evolution model

abstract:
  We investigate the evolution of cooperation on a non - growth network model
with death/birth dynamics. Nodes reproduce under selection for higher payoffs
in a prisoners dilemma game played between network neighbours. The mean field
characteristics of the model are explored and an attempt is made to understand
the size dependent behaviour of the model in terms of fluctuations in the
strategy densities. We also briefly comment on the role of strategy mutation in
regulating the strategy densties.


title: Searching for the Missing Baryons in the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium

abstract:
  At low redshift (z<2), almost half of the baryons in the Universe are not
found in bound structures like galaxies and clusters and therefore most likely
reside in a Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM), as predicted by simulations.
Attempts to detect WHIM filaments at cosmological distances in absorption
towards bright background sources have yielded controversial results that I
review here. I argue that a secure detection of absorption features by the WHIM
is at the limit of the XMM-Newton capabilities, but feasible. A proper
characterisation of the whole WHIM belongs to the realm of future X-ray
missions.


title:
Measurement of the B --> X_s gamma Branching Fraction and Photon Energy
  Spectrum using the Recoil Method

abstract:
  We present a measurement of the branching fraction and photon energy spectrum
for the decay B --> X_s gamma using data from the BaBar experiment. The data
sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 210 fb^{-1}, from which
approximately 680 000 BB events are tagged by a fully reconstructed hadronic
decay of one of the B mesons. In the decay of the second B meson, an isolated
high--energy photon is identified. We measure BR(B --> X_s gamma) = (3.66 +-
0.85_{stat} +- 0.60_{syst}) x 10^{-4} for photon energies E_gamma above 1.9 GeV
in the B rest frame. From the measured spectrum we calculate the first and
second moments for different minimum photon energies, which are used to extract
the heavy-quark parameters m_b and mu_{pi}^2. In addition, measurements of the
direct CP asymmetry and isospin asymmetry are presented.


title: D and B meson spectroscopy, new states, baryons at the Tevatron

abstract:
  We review recent results in heavy quark hadron spectroscopy at the Tevatron.
With increasing data samples the Tevatron experiments start to uncover
information on the b-hadrons. Most important are the first observations of the
narrow Bs** as well as Sigma_b, Sigma_b* and Xi_b- baryons. In addition we
present updated results on the narrow B** and Bc mesons.


title: Duality in matrix lattice Boltzmann models

abstract:
  The notion of duality between the hydrodynamic and kinetic (ghost) variables
of lattice kinetic formulations of the Boltzmann equation is introduced. It is
suggested that this notion can serve as a guideline in the design of matrix
versions of the lattice Boltzmann equation in a physically transparent and
computationally efficient way.


title:
The Macroscopic Quantum Effect in Nonlinear Oscillating Systems: a
  Possible Bridge between Classical and Quantum Physics

abstract:
  Einstein, De Broglie and others hoped that the schism between classical and
quantum physics might one day be overcome by a theory taking into account the
essential nonlinearity of elementary physical processes. However, neither their
attempts, nor subsequent ones were able to supply a unifying principle that
could serve as a starting-point for a coherent understanding of both
microphysical and macroscopic phenomena. In the late 1960s the phenomenon of
amplitude quantization, or Macroscopic Quantum Effect (MQE), was discovered in
a class of nonlinear oscillating systems in which two or more subsystems are
coupled to each other by interactions having a specific phase-dependent
character -- so-called argumental interactions. Experimental and theoretical
studies of the MQE, carried out up to the present time, suggest the possibility
of a new conceptual framework for physics, which would provide a bridge between
classical and quantum physics, replacing the Newtonian notion of "force" by a
new conception of physical interaction. The present paper presents a brief
introduction to the MQE and some ideas about its possible significance in the
search for new approaches to the understanding of quantum phenomena.


title: Recent BES results on charmonium decays

abstract:
  In this talk, we present the recent results on charmonium decays from the BES
experiment at the BEPC collider. The analyses are based on a 14 million psi(2S)
events data sample. We report results on leptonic decays, hadronic decays, and
radiative decays of psi(2S), as well as hadronic decays of chi_cJ states and
rare or forbidden decays of J/psi.


title: Higher Order Couplings from Heterotic Orbifold Theory

abstract:
  We calculate couplings of arbitrary order from correlation functions among
twisted strings, using conformal field theory. Twisted strings arise in
heterotic string compactified on orbifolds yielding matter fields in the low
energy limit. We calculate completely the classical and the quantum amplitude
including normalization, up to a contribution from Kahler potential. The
classical action has saddle points which are interpreted as worldsheet
instantons described by metastable untwisted strings, formed by twisted strings
distributed at certain fixed points. This understanding generalizes the area
rule, in the case that the locations of twisted strings do not form a polygon,
and provides a general rule for calculating these kinds of instanton
corrections. An interpretation of couplings involving linearly combined states
is given, which commonly appear in non-prime order orbifolds. The quantum part
of the amplitude is given by ratios of gamma functions with order one
arguments.


title:
The impact of going beyond the Maxwell distribution in direct dark
  matter detection rates

abstract:
  We consider direct dark matter detection rates and investigate the difference
between a standard Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity distribution and a "realistic"
distribution like the ones extracted from numerical N-body simulations. Sizable
differences are observed when such results are compared to the standard
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. For a light target both the total rate and the
annual modulation are reduced by ~25%. For a heavy target the total rate is
virtually unchanged, whereas the annual modulation is modified by up to 50%,
depending on the WIMP mass and detector energy threshold. We also consider the
effect of a possible velocity anisotropy, and the effect is found to be largest
for a light target For the realistic velocity distribution the anisotropy may
reduce the annual modulation, in contrast to the Maxwell-Boltzmann case.


title: Dephasing and the steady state in quantum many-particle systems

abstract:
  We discuss relaxation in bosonic and fermionic many-particle systems. For
integrable systems, the time evolution can cause a dephasing effect, leading
for finite subsystems to certain steady states. We give an explicit derivation
of those steady subsystem states and devise sufficient prerequisites for the
dephasing to take place. We also find simple scenarios, in which dephasing is
ineffective and discuss the dependence on dimensionality and criticality. It
follows further that, after a quench of system parameters, bipartite
entanglement entropy will become extensive. This provides a way of creating
strong entanglement in a controlled fashion.


title:
Deformed special relativity with an invariant minimum speed and its
  cosmological implications

abstract:
  The paper aims to introduce a new symmetry principle in the space-time
geometry through the elimination of the classical idea of rest and by including
a universal minimum limit of speed in the subatomic world. Such a limit,
unattainable by particles, represents a preferred reference frame associated
with a universal background field that breaks Lorentz symmetry. Thus the
structure of space-time is extended due to the presence of a vacuum energy
density, which leads to a negative pressure at cosmological scales. The tiny
values of the cosmological constant and the vacuum energy density shall be
successfully obtained, being in good agreement with current observational
results.


title: Values of coefficients of cyclotomic polynomials II

abstract:
  Let a(n,k) be the kth coefficient of the nth cyclotomic polynomial. The first
two authors showed in part I that if m is a prime power and n and k range over
the non-negative integers, then a(mn,k) assumes every integer value. Here this
result is extended to the case where m is arbitrary.
  The proof use some properties of reciprocal cyclotomic polynomials (see
arXiv:0709.1570).


title:
A quantum exactly solvable non-linear oscillator related with the
  isotonic oscillator

abstract:
  A nonpolynomial one-dimensional quantum potential representing an oscillator,
that can be considered as placed in the middle between the harmonic oscillator
and the isotonic oscillator (harmonic oscillator with a centripetal barrier),
is studied. First the general case, that depends of a parameter $a$, is
considered and then a particular case is studied with great detail. It is
proven that it is Schr\"odinger solvable and then the wave functions $\Psi_n$
and the energies $E_n$ of the bound states are explicitly obtained. Finally it
is proven that the solutions determine a family of orthogonal polynomials
${\cal P}_n(x)$ related with the Hermite polynomials and such that: (i) Every
${\cal P}_n$ is a linear combination of three Hermite polynomials, and (ii)
They are orthogonal with respect to a new measure obtained by modifying the
classic Hermite measure.


title: The charged Higgs boson mass in the 2HDM: decoupling and CP violation

abstract:
  Mass range of the charged Higgs boson in the 2HDM with explicit and
spontaneous CP violation is discussed. Constraints on M_H+ in the CP conserving
2HDM(II) are shown.


title: Observational Tests of Planet Formation Models

abstract:
  We summarize the results of two experiments to address important issues
related to the correlation between planet frequencies and properties and the
metallicity of the hosts. Our results can usefully inform formation,
structural, and evolutionary models of gas giant planets.


title:
Circumspect descent prevails in solving random constraint satisfaction
  problems

abstract:
  We study the performance of stochastic local search algorithms for random
instances of the $K$-satisfiability ($K$-SAT) problem. We introduce a new
stochastic local search algorithm, ChainSAT, which moves in the energy
landscape of a problem instance by {\em never going upwards} in energy.
ChainSAT is a \emph{focused} algorithm in the sense that it considers only
variables occurring in unsatisfied clauses. We show by extensive numerical
investigations that ChainSAT and other focused algorithms solve large $K$-SAT
instances almost surely in linear time, up to high clause-to-variable ratios
$\alpha$; for example, for K=4 we observe linear-time performance well beyond
the recently postulated clustering and condensation transitions in the solution
space. The performance of ChainSAT is a surprise given that by design the
algorithm gets trapped into the first local energy minimum it encounters, yet
no such minima are encountered. We also study the geometry of the solution
space as accessed by stochastic local search algorithms.


title: Testing Planet Formation Models with Gaia $\mu$as Astrometry

abstract:
  In this paper, we first summarize the results of a large-scale double-blind
tests campaign carried out for the realistic estimation of the Gaia potential
in detecting and measuring planetary systems. Then, we put the identified
capabilities in context by highlighting the unique contribution that the Gaia
exoplanet discoveries will be able to bring to the science of extrasolar
planets during the next decade.


title: The Categorification of a Symmetric Operad is Independent of Signature

abstract:
  Given a symmetric operad $P$, and a signature (or generating sequence) $\Phi$
for $P$, we define a notion of the "categorification" (or "weakening") of $P$
with respect to $\Phi$. When $P$ is the symmetric operad whose algebras are
commutative monoids, with the standard signature, we recover the notion of
symmetric monoidal categories. We then show that this categorification is
independent (up to equivalence) of the choice of signature.


title: Magnetic fields, spots and weather in chemically peculiar stars

abstract:
  New observational techniques and sophisticated modelling methods has led to
dramatic breakthroughs in our understanding of the interplay between the
surface magnetism, atomic diffusion and atmospheric dynamics in chemically
peculiar stars. Magnetic Doppler images, constructed using spectropolarimetric
observations of Ap stars in all four Stokes parameters, reveal the presence of
small-scale field topologies. Abundance Doppler mapping has been perfected to
the level where distributions of many different chemical elements can be
deduced self-consistently for one star. The inferred chemical spot structures
are diverse and do not always trace underlying magnetic field geometry.
Moreover, horizontal chemical inhomogeneities are discovered in non-magnetic CP
stars and evolving chemical spots are observed for the first time in the bright
mercury-manganese star alpha And. These results show that in addition to
magnetic fields, another important non-magnetic structure formation mechanism
acts in CP stars.


title:
Measuring the period of the delta Scuti variable U1425-01208594 in
  Cassiopeia

abstract:
  The variability of U1425-01208594 was recently discovered by Schmidtobreick
et al, who suggested that it is a member of the delta Scuti family of pulsating
stars. Photometry conducted by the authors revealed a period of 0.06695(8) d
and a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.014 mag.


title: New generation model atmospheres for chemically peculiar stars

abstract:
  The atmospheric structure of chemically peculiar stars deviates from that of
normal stars with similar fundamental parameters due to unusual chemistry,
abundance inhomogeneities and the presence of strong magnetic field. These
effects are not considered in the standard model atmospheres, possibly leading
to large errors in the stellar parameter determination and abundance analysis.
To tackle this problem we used the state-of-the-art opacity sampling model
atmosphere code LLmodels to calculate comprehensive grid of new generation
model atmospheres for magnetic CP stars. This grid covers the whole parameter
space occupied by SrCrEu and Si-peculiar stars, taking into account
characteristic temperature dependence of the chemical abundances. Here we
present the first results of our model atmosphere calculations.


title:
Zeeman split lines in CP stars: a discovery of low-contrast fields in
  slow rotators?

abstract:
  We show that high-resolution observations of resolved Zeeman split lines can
be used to obtain new constraints on the stellar magnetic field geometry. In
particular, the contrast of the field strength distribution over the stellar
surface can be deduced from the differential measurement of the second moment
of the pi and sigma Zeeman components. Our analysis of the triplet lines in
slowly rotating cool magnetic CP stars uncovers a surprisingly homogeneous
field structure, inconsistent with any low-order multipolar geometry.


title:
Detecting very-high-frequency relic gravitational waves by
  electromagnetic wave polarizations in a waveguide

abstract:
  The polarization vector (PV) of an electromagnetic wave (EW) will experience
a rotation in a region of spacetime perturbed by gravitational waves (GWs).
Based on this idea, Cruise's group has built an annular waveguide to detect
GWs. We give detailed calculations of the rotations of the polarization vector
of an EW caused by incident GWs from various directions and in various
polarization states, and then analyze the accumulative effects on the
polarization vector when the EW passes n cycles along the annular waveguide. We
reexamine the feasibility and limitation of this method to detect GWs of high
frequency around 100 MHz, in particular, the relic gravitational waves (RGWs).
By comparing the spectrum of RGWs in the accelerating universe with the
detector sensitivity of the current waveguide, it is found that the amplitude
of the RGWs is too low to be detected by the waveguide detectors currently
running. Possible ways of improvements on detection are discussed also.


title:
A Non-linear Generalization of Singular Value Decomposition and its
  Application to Cryptanalysis

abstract:
  Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is a powerful tool in linear algebra.We
propose an extension of SVD for both the qualitative detection and quantitative
determination of nonlinearity in a time series. The paper illustrates nonlinear
SVD with the help of data generated from nonlinear maps and flows (differential
equations).


title: Composite bosons and quasiparticles in a number conserving approach

abstract:
  I recently proposed a method of bosonization valid for systems of an even
number of fermions whose partition function is dominated at low energy by
bosonic composites. This method respects all symmetries, in particular fermion
number conservation. I extend it to treat odd systems and excitations involving
unpaired fermions.


title: Massive Star Formation

abstract:
  This chapter reviews progress in the field of massive star formation. It
focuses on evidence for accretion and current models that invoke high accretion
rates. In particular it is noted that high accretion rates will cause the
massive young stellar object to have a radius much larger than its eventual
main sequence radius throughout much of the accretion phase. This results in
low effective temperatures which may provide the explanation as to why luminous
young stellar objects do not ionized their surroundings to form ultra-compact H
II regions. The transition to the ultra-compact H II region phase would then be
associated with the termination of the high accretion rate phase. Objects
thought to be in a transition phase are discussed and diagnostic diagrams to
distinguish between massive young stellar objects and ultra-compact H II
regions in terms of line widths and radio luminosity are presented.