title:
On the Jacobson element and generators of the Lie algebra
  $\mathfrak{grt}$ in nonzero characteristic

abstract:
  We state a conjecture (due to M. Duflo) analogous to the Kashiwara--Vergne
conjecture in the case of a characteristic $p>2$, where the role of the
Campbell--Hausdorff series is played by the Jacobson element. We prove a
simpler version of this conjecture using Vergne's explicit rational solution of
the Kashiwara--Vergne problem. Our result is related to the structure of the
Grothendieck--Teichm\"{u}ller Lie algebra $\mathfrak{grt}$ in characteristic
$p$: we conjecture existence of a generator of $\mathfrak{grt}$ in degree
$p-1$, and we provide this generator for $p=3$ and $p=5$.


title: Z(N) Domain walls in hot N=4 SYM at weak and strong coupling

abstract:
  We study the tensions of domain walls in the deconfined phase of N=4 SUSY
Yang-Mills theory on R^3 x S^1, at weak and strong coupling. We calculate the
k-wall tension at one-loop order and find that it is proportional to k(N-k)
(Casimir scaling). The two-loops analysis suggests that Casimir scaling
persists to this order. The strong coupling calculation is performed by using
the AdS/CFT correspondence. We argue that the k-wall should be identified with
an NS5-brane wrapping an S^4 inside S^5 in the AdS-Schwarzschild x S^5
background in Type IIB string theory. The tension at strong coupling is
compared with the weak coupling result. We also compare our results with those
from lattice simulations in pure Yang-Mills theory.


title: Superconductivity in LnFePO (Ln = La, Pr, and Nd) single crystals

abstract:
  Single crystals of the compounds LaFePO, PrFePO, and NdFePO have been
prepared by means of a flux growth technique and studied by electrical
resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements. We have
found that PrFePO and NdFePO display superconductivity with values of the
superconducting critical temperature T_c of 3.2 K and 3.1 K, respectively. The
effect of annealing on the properties of LaFePO, PrFePO, and NdFePO is also
reported. The LnFePO (Ln = lanthanide) compounds are isostructural with the
LnFeAsO_{1-x}F_x compounds that become superconducting with T_c values as high
as 55 K for Ln = Sm. A systematic comparison of the occurrence of
superconductivity in the series LnFePO and LnFeAsO_{1-x}F_x points to a
possible difference in the origin of the superconductivity in these two series
of compounds.


title: Partial Observables in Extended Systems

abstract:
  We consider "unphysical", kinematic observables that do not commute with the
constraints of a gauge system in the context of an extension of the system. We
show that these observables, while not predictable, can nevertheless be said to
have a physical interpretation. They implement Rovelli's concept of partial and
relational observables. We investigate the propositional structure of these
observables and point out interpretational issues. We find that to make
relational statements in the quantum theory one must deal directly with these
observables. In particular we argue that in this scenario the spectra of
kinematic observables are what is experimentally accessible.


title: Separating Solution of a Quadratic Recurrent Equation

abstract:
  In this paper we consider the recurrent equation
$$\Lambda_{p+1}=\frac1p\sum_{q=1}^pf\bigg(\frac{q}{p+1}\bigg)\Lambda_{q}\Lambda_{p+1-q}$$
for $p\ge 1$ with $f\in C[0,1]$ and $\Lambda_1=y>0$ given. We give conditions
on $f$ that guarantee the existence of $y^{(0)}$ such that the sequence
$\Lambda_p$ with $\Lambda_1=y^{(0)}$ tends to a finite positive limit as $p\to
\infty$.


title:
Iterative method to compute the Fermat points and Fermat distances of
  multiquarks

abstract:
  The multiquark confining potential is proportional to the total distance of
the fundamental strings linking the quarks and antiquarks. We address the
computation of the total string distance an of the Fermat points where the
different strings meet. For a meson (quark-antiquark system) the distance is
trivially the quark-antiquark distance. For a baryon (three quark system) the
problem was solved geometrically from the onset, by Fermat and by Torricelli.
The geometrical solution can be determined just with a rule and a compass, but
translation of the geometrical solution to an analytical expression is not as
trivial. For tetraquarks, pentaquarks, hexaquarks, etc, the geometrical
solution is much more complicated. Here we provide an iterative method,
converging fast to the correct Fermat points and the total distances, relevant
for the multiquark potentials. We also review briefly the geometrical methods
leading to the Fermat points and to the total distances.


title: Nef divisors on $\bar{M}_{0,n}$ from GIT

abstract:
  We introduce and study the GIT CONE of $\bar{M}_{0,n}$, which is generated by
the pullbacks of the natural ample line bundles on the GIT quotients $(\mathbb
P^1)^n//SL(2)$. We give an explicit formula for these line bundles and prove a
number of basic results about the GIT cone.
  As one application, we prove unconditionally that the log canonical models of
$\bar{M}_{0,n}$ with a symmetric boundary divisor coincide with the moduli
spaces of weighted curves or with the symmetric GIT quotient, extending the
result of Matt Simpson arXiv:0709.4037. (Cf. also a different proof by
Fedorchuk and Smyth arXiv:0810.1677)


title: Poset homology of Rees products, and $q$-Eulerian polynomials

abstract:
  The notion of Rees product of posets was introduced by Bj\"orner and Welker,
where they study connections between poset topology and commutative algebra.
Bj\"orner and Welker conjectured and Jonsson proved that the dimension of the
top homology of the Rees product of the truncated Boolean algebra $B_n
\setminus \{0\}$ and the $n$-chain $C_n$ is equal to the number of derangements
in the symmetric group $\mathfrak S_n$. Here we prove a refinement of this
result, which involves the Eulerian numbers, and a $q$-analog of both the
refinement and the original conjecture, which comes from replacing the Boolean
algebra by the lattice of subspaces of the $n$-dimensional vector space over
the $q$ element field, and involves the $(\maj,\exc)$-$q$-Eulerian polynomials
studied in previous papers of the authors. Equivariant versions of the
refinement and the original conjecture are also proved, as are type BC versions
(in the sense of Coxeter groups) of the original conjecture and its $q$-analog.


title:
Charm and longitudinal structure functions with the Kharzeev-Levin-Nardi
  model

abstract:
  We use the Kharzeev-Levin-Nardi model of the low $x$ gluon distributions to
fit recent HERA data on charm and longitudinal structure functions. Having
checked that this model gives a good description of the data, we use it to
predict $F^c_2$ and $F_L$ to be measured in a future electron-ion collider. The
results interpolate between those obtained with the de Florian-Sassot and
Eskola-Paukkunen-Salgado nuclear gluon distributions. The conclusion of this
exercise is that the KLN model, simple as it is, may still be used as an
auxiliary tool to make estimates both for heavy ion and electron-ion
collisions.


title: Comments on Bounds on Central Charges in N=1 Superconformal Theories

abstract:
  The ratio of central charges in four-dimensional CFTs has been suggested by
Hofman and Maldacena to lie within an interval whose boundaries are fixed by
the number of supersymmetries. We compute this ratio for a set of interacting
N=1 superconformal field theories which arise as RG fixed points of
supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories with adjoint and fundamental matter. We do
not find violations of the proposed bounds, which appear to be saturated by
free field theories.


title:
Calibration of the Gamma-RAy Polarimeter Experiment (GRAPE) at a
  Polarized Hard X-Ray Beam

abstract:
  The Gamma-RAy Polarimeter Experiment (GRAPE) is a concept for an astronomical
hard X-ray Compton polarimeter operating in the 50 - 500 keV energy band. The
instrument has been optimized for wide-field polarization measurements of
transient outbursts from energetic astrophysical objects such as gamma-ray
bursts and solar flares. The GRAPE instrument is composed of identical modules,
each of which consists of an array of scintillator elements read out by a
multi-anode photomultiplier tube (MAPMT). Incident photons Compton scatter in
plastic scintillator elements and are subsequently absorbed in inorganic
scintillator elements; a net polarization signal is revealed by a
characteristic asymmetry in the azimuthal scattering angles. We have
constructed a prototype GRAPE module containing a single CsI(Na) calorimeter
element, at the center of the MAPMT, surrounded by 60 plastic elements. The
prototype has been combined with custom readout electronics and software to
create a complete "engineering model" of the GRAPE instrument. This engineering
model has been calibrated using a nearly 100% polarized hard X-ray beam at the
Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. We find modulation
factors of 0.46 +/- 0.06 and 0.48 +/- 0.03 at 69.5 keV and 129.5 keV,
respectively, in good agreement with Monte Carlo simulations. In this paper we
present details of the beam test, data analysis, and simulations, and discuss
the implications of our results for the further development of the GRAPE
concept.


title:
The seed of magnetic monopoles in the early inflationary universe from a
  5D vacuum state

abstract:
  Starting from a 5D Riemann flat metric, we have induced an effective 4D
Hermitian metric which has an antisymmetric part which is purely imaginary. We
have worked an example in which both, non-metricity and contorsion are zero. We
obtained that the production of monopoles should be insignificant at the end of
inflation and the tensor metric should come asymptotically diagonal and
describing a nearly 4D de Sitter expansion.


title:
Cyclotomic Units and Class Groups in Z_p extensions of real abelian
  fields

abstract:
  For a real abelian field and for an odd prime p splitting in the field, we
study a map between the p-parts of the class group and of the quotient of units
modulo Cyclotomic Units, respectively, along the cyclotomic Z_p-extension of
the field. We determine the kernel and the cokernel of this map assuming
Greenberg's conjecture on the vanishing of the lambda-invariant of the
extension.


title: Characterization of the HD 17156 planetary system

abstract:
  AIMS : To improve the parameters of the HD 17156 system (peculiar due to the
eccentric and long orbital period of its transiting planet) and constrain the
presence of stellar companions.
  METHODS : Photometric data were acquired for 4 transits, and high precision
radial velocity measurements were simultaneously acquired with SARG@TNG for one
transit. The template spectra of HD 17156 was used to derive effective
temperature, gravity, and metallicity. A fit of the photometric and
spectroscopic data was performed to measure the stellar and planetary radii,
and the spin-orbit alignment. Planet orbital elements and ephemeris were
derived from the fit. Near infrared adaptive optic images was acquired with
ADOPT@TNG.
  RESULTS: We have found that the star has a radius of R_S = 1.43+/-0.03 R_sun
and the planet R_P =1.02+/-0.08 R_jup. The transit ephemeris is T_c =
2454\756.73134+/-0.00020+N*21.21663+/-0.00045 BJD. The analysis of the
Rossiter-Mclaughlin effect shows that the system is spin orbit aligned with an
angle lambda = 4.8 +/- 5.3 deg. The analysis of high resolution images has not
revealed any stellar companion with projected separation between 150 and 1000
AU from HD 17156.


title:
Dirac field on Moyal-Minkowski spacetime and non-commutative potential
  scattering

abstract:
  The quantized free Dirac field is considered on Minkowski spacetime (of
general dimension). The Dirac field is coupled to an external scalar potential
whose support is finite in time and which acts by a Moyal-deformed
multiplication with respect to the spatial variables. The Moyal-deformed
multiplication corresponds to the product of the algebra of a Moyal plane
described in the setting of spectral geometry. It will be explained how this
leads to an interpretation of the Dirac field as a quantum field theory on
Moyal-deformed Minkowski spacetime (with commutative time) in a setting of
Lorentzian spectral geometries of which some basic aspects will be sketched.
The scattering transformation will be shown to be unitarily implementable in
the canonical vacuum representation of the Dirac field. Furthermore, it will be
indicated how the functional derivatives of the ensuing unitary scattering
operators with respect to the strength of the non-commutative potential induce,
in the spirit of Bogoliubov's formula, quantum field operators (corresponding
to observables) depending on the elements of the non-commutative algebra of
Moyal-Minkowski spacetime.


title:
Backgrounds and Projected Limits from Dark Matter Direct Detection
  Experiments

abstract:
  A simple formula is introduced which indicates the amount by which
projections of dark matter direct detection experiments are expected to be
degraded due to backgrounds.


title: Gravitino Dark Matter and the Cosmic Lithium Abundances

abstract:
  Supersymmetric extensions of the standard model of particle physics assuming
the gravitino to be the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), and with the
next-to-LSP decaying to the gravitino during Big Bang nucleosynthesis, are
analyzed. Particular emphasis is laid on their potential to solve the "Li7
problem", an apparent factor 2-4 overproduction of Li7 in standard Big Bang
nucleosynthesis (BBN), their production of cosmologically important amounts of
Li6, as well as the resulting gravitino dark matter densities in these models.
The study includes several improvements compared to prior studies. Heavy
gravitinos in the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model (CMMSM) are
reanalyzed, whereas light gravitinos in gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking
scenarios (GMSB) are studied for the first time. It is confirmed that decays of
NLSP staus to heavy gravitinos, while producing all the dark matter, may at the
same time resolve the Li7 problem. For NLSP decay times ~ 1000 sec, such
scenarios also lead to cosmologically important Li6 (and possibly Be9)
abundances. However, as such scenarios require heavy > 1 TeV staus they are
likely not testable at the LHC. It is found that decays of NLSP staus to light
gravitinos may lead to significant Li6 (and Be9) abundances, whereas NLSP
neutralinos decaying into light gravitinos may solve the Li7 problem. Though
both scenarios are testable at the LHC they may not lead to the production of
the bulk of the dark matter. A section of the paper outlines particle
properties required to significantly reduce the Li7 abundance, and/or enhance
the Li6 (and possibly Be9) abundances, by the decay of an arbitrary relic
particle.


title: How long does it take to catch a wild kangaroo?

abstract:
  We develop probabilistic tools for upper and lower bounding the expected time
until two independent random walks on $\ZZ$ intersect each other. This leads to
the first sharp analysis of a non-trivial Birthday attack, proving that
Pollard's Kangaroo method solves the discrete logarithm problem $g^x=h$ on a
cyclic group in expected time $(2+o(1))\sqrt{b-a}$ for an average
$x\in_{uar}[a,b]$. Our methods also resolve a conjecture of Pollard's, by
showing that the same bound holds when step sizes are generalized from powers
of 2 to powers of any fixed $n$.


title: Justifications for Logic Programs under Answer Set Semantics

abstract:
  The paper introduces the notion of off-line justification for Answer Set
Programming (ASP). Justifications provide a graph-based explanation of the
truth value of an atom w.r.t. a given answer set. The paper extends also this
notion to provide justification of atoms during the computation of an answer
set (on-line justification), and presents an integration of on-line
justifications within the computation model of Smodels. Off-line and on-line
justifications provide useful tools to enhance understanding of ASP, and they
offer a basic data structure to support methodologies and tools for debugging
answer set programs. A preliminary implementation has been developed in
ASP-PROLOG.
  (To appear in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP))


title:
The white dwarf in dwarf nova SDSS J080434.20+510349.2: Entering the
  instability strip?

abstract:
  SDSS J080434.20+510349.2 is the WZ type binary that displayed rare outburst
in 2006 (Pavlenko et al., 2007). During the long-lasting tail of the late stage
of the outburst binary shown the two-humped or four-humped profile of the
orbital light modulation. The amplitude of orbital light curve decreased while
the mean brightness decreased, more over that occurred $\sim$ 10 times faster
during the fast outburst decline in respect to the late quiet state of slow
outburst fading. There were no white dwarf pulsations detected neither 1 - 1.5
months prior to the outburst nor in 1.5 - 2 months after the 2006 outburst in
this system. However the strong non-radial pulsations with period 12.6 minutes
and mean amplitude of 0.05^m were first detected in V band with 2.6-m Shajn
mirror telescope of the Crimean astrophysical observatory in ~ 8 months after
the outburst. The evolution of pulsations over two years in 2006 - 2008 is
considered. It is supposed that pulsations first appeared when the cooling
white dwarf (after the outburst) entered the instability strip although the
possibility of temporary lack of pulsations at some occasions also could not be
excluded.


title: Holography and Thermodynamics of 5D Dilaton-gravity

abstract:
  The asymptotically-logarithmically-AdS black-hole solutions of 5D dilaton
gravity with a monotonic dilaton potential are analyzed in detail. Such
theories are holographically very close to pure Yang-Mills theory in four
dimensions. The existence and uniqueness of black-hole solutions is shown. It
is also shown that a Hawking-Page transition exists at finite temperature if
and only if the potential corresponds to a confining theory. The physics of the
transition matches in detail with that of deconfinement of the Yang-Mills
theory. The high-temperature phase asymptotes to a free gluon gas at high
temperature matching the expected behavior from asymptotic freedom. The thermal
gluon condensate is calculated and shown to be crucial for the existence of a
non-trivial deconfining transition. The condensate of the topological charge is
shown to vanish in the deconfined phase.


title:
Section on Extragalactic Science Topics of the White Paper on the Status
  and Future of Ground-Based TeV Gamma-Ray Astronomy

abstract:
  This is a report on the findings of the extragalactic science working group
for the white paper on the status and future of TeV gamma-ray astronomy. The
white paper was commissioned by the American Physical Society, and the full
white paper can be found on astro-ph (arXiv:0810.0444). This detailed section
discusses extragalactic science topics including active galactic nuclei, cosmic
ray acceleration in galaxies, galaxy clusters and large scale structure
formation shocks, and the study of the extragalactic infrared and optical
background radiation. The scientific potential of ground based gamma-ray
observations of Gamma-Ray Bursts and dark matter annihilation radiation is
covered in other sections of the white paper.


title: On the formulation of Electrodynamics in a form independent of units

abstract:
  Some pedagogical aspects of the formulation of electrodynamics independently
of the system of units are commented. Only electrodynamics in vacuum is
considered. It is pointed out the efficiency of using a notation system close
to SI.


title:
Section on Prospects for Dark Matter Detection of the White Paper on the
  Status and Future of Ground-Based TeV Gamma-Ray Astronomy

abstract:
  This is a report on the findings of the dark matter science working group for
the white paper on the status and future of TeV gamma-ray astronomy. The white
paper was commissioned by the American Physical Society, and the full white
paper can be found on astro-ph (arXiv:0810.0444). This detailed section
discusses the prospects for dark matter detection with future gamma-ray
experiments, and the complementarity of gamma-ray measurements with other
indirect, direct or accelerator-based searches. We conclude that any
comprehensive search for dark matter should include gamma-ray observations,
both to identify the dark matter particle (through the charac- teristics of the
gamma-ray spectrum) and to measure the distribution of dark matter in galactic
halos.


title: Surface Induced Crystallization in Supercooled Tetrahedral Liquids

abstract:
  Freezing is a fundamental physical phenomenon that has been studied over many
decades; yet the role played by surfaces in determining nucleation has remained
elusive. Here we report direct computational evidence of surface induced
nucleation in supercooled systems with a negative slope of their melting line
(dP/dT < 0). This unexpected result is related to the density decrease
occurring upon crystallization, and to surface tension facilitating the initial
nucleus formation. Our findings support the hypothesis of surface induced
crystallization of ice in the atmosphere, and provide insight, at the atomistic
level, into nucleation mechanisms of widely used semiconductors.


title: Galactic constraints on CHAMPs

abstract:
  We improve earlier Galactic bounds that can be placed on the fraction of dark
matter in charged elemental particles (CHAMPs). These constraints are of
interest for CHAMPs whose mass is too large for them to have seen through their
electromagnetic interaction with ordinary matter, and whose gyroradius in the
galactic magnetic field is too small for halo CHAMPs to reach Earth. If
unneutralized CHAMPs in that mass range are well mixed in the halo, they can at
most make up a fraction < (3-7) x 10^{-3} of the mass of the Galactic halo.
CHAMPs might still be a solution to the cuspy halo problem if they decay to
neutral dark matter but a fine-tuning is required. We also discuss the case
where CHAMPs do not populate a spherical halo.


title: A new class of organic molecular magnets

abstract:
  Using detailed first principles calculations, we have found a new class of
stable organic molecular magnets based on zwitterionic molecules possessing
donor, $\pi$ bridge, and acceptor groups. These molecules are organic molecules
containing only C, H and N. The quantum mechanical nature of the magnetic
properties originates from the conjugated $\pi$ bridge (involving only p
electrons) where the exchange interactions between electron spin are relatively
strong and local and are independent of the length of the $\pi$ bridge,
enabling the easy construction of a molecular magnetic device with specified
length.


title:
Increasing and Decreasing Sequences of Length Two in 01-Fillings of Moon
  Polyominoes

abstract:
  We put recent results on the symmetry of the joint distribution of the
numbers of crossings and nestings of two edges over matchings, set partitions
and linked partitions, in the larger context of the enumeration of increasing
and decreasing chains of length 2 in fillings of moon polyominoes.


title: Phi-entropy inequalities for diffusion semigroups

abstract:
  We obtain and study new $\Phi$-entropy inequalities for diffusion semigroups,
with Poincar\'e or logarithmic Sobolev inequalities as particular cases. From
this study we derive the asymptotic behaviour of a large class of linear
Fokker-Plank type equations under simple conditions, widely extending previous
results. Nonlinear diffusion equations are also studied by means of these
inequalities. The $\Gamma_2$ criterion of D. Bakry and M. Emery appears as a
main tool in the analysis, in local or integral forms.


title: Dyonic AdS black holes from magnetohydrodynamics

abstract:
  We use the AdS/CFT correspondence to argue that large dyonic black holes in
anti-de Sitter spacetime are dual to stationary solutions of the equations of
relativistic magnetohydrodynamics on the conformal boundary of AdS. The dyonic
Kerr-Newman-AdS_4 solution corresponds to a charged diamagnetic fluid not
subject to any net Lorentz force, due to orthogonal magnetic and electric
fields compensating each other. The conserved charges, stress tensor and
R-current of the fluid are shown to be in exact agreement with the
corresponding quantities of the black hole. Furthermore, we obtain stationary
solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations in four dimensions, which yield
predictions for (yet to be constructed) charged rotating black strings in AdS_5
carrying nonvanishing momentum along the string. Finally, we consider
Scherk-Schwarz reduced AdS gravity on a circle. In this theory, large black
holes and black strings are dual to lumps of deconfined plasma of the
associated CFT. We analyze the effects that a magnetic field introduces in the
Rayleigh-Plateau instability of a plasma tube, which is holographically dual to
the Gregory-Laflamme instability of a magnetically charged black string.


title: Affine T-varieties of complexity one and locally nilpotent derivations

abstract:
  Let X=spec A be a normal affine variety over an algebraically closed field k
of characteristic 0 endowed with an effective action of a torus T of dimension
n. Let also D be a homogeneous locally nilpotent derivation on the normal
affine Z^n-graded domain A, so that D generates a k_+-action on X that is
normalized by the T-action. We provide a complete classification of pairs (X,D)
in two cases: for toric varieties (n=\dim X) and in the case where n=\dim X-1.
This generalizes previously known results for surfaces due to Flenner and
Zaidenberg. As an application we compute the homogeneous Makar-Limanov
invariant of such varieties. In particular we exhibit a family of non-rational
varieties with trivial Makar-Limanov invariant.


title:
Comparison of Perron and Floquet eigenvalues in age structured cell
  division cycle models

abstract:
  We study the growth rate of a cell population that follows an age-structured
PDE with time-periodic coefficients. Our motivation comes from the comparison
between experimental tumor growth curves in mice endowed with intact or
disrupted circadian clocks, known to exert their influence on the cell division
cycle. We compare the growth rate of the model controlled by a time-periodic
control on its coefficients with the growth rate of stationary models of the
same nature, but with averaged coefficients. We firstly derive a delay
differential equation which allows us to prove several inequalities and
equalities on the growth rates. We also discuss about the necessity to take
into account the structure of the cell division cycle for chronotherapy
modeling. Numerical simulations illustrate the results.


title: Poisson boundary of the discrete quantum group A_u(F)^

abstract:
  We identify the Poisson boundary of the dual of the universal compact quantum
group A_u(F) with a measurable field of ITPFI factors.


title: Non-equilibrium phase transitions in tubulation by molecular motors

abstract:
  The extraction of membrane tubes by molecular motors is known to play an
important role for the transport properties of eukaryotic cells. By studying a
generic class of models for the tube extraction, we discover a rich phase
diagram. In particular we show that the density of motors along the tube can
exhibit shocks, inverse shocks and plateaux, depending on parameters which
could in principle be probed experimentally. In addition the phase diagram
exhibits interesting reentrant behavior.


title: The Elliptical-Spheroidal and Elliptical-Elliptical Galaxy Dichotomies

abstract:
  This paper summarizes Kormendy et al. (2009, ApJS, in press,
arXiv:0810.1681). We confirm that spheroidal galaxies have fundamental plane
correlations that are almost perpendicular to those for bulges and ellipticals.
Spheroidals are not dwarf ellipticals. They are structurally similar to
late-type galaxies. We suggest that they are defunct ("red and dead") late-type
galaxies transformed by a variety of gas removal processes. Minus spheroidals,
ellipticals come in two varieties: giant, non-rotating, boxy galaxies with
cuspy cores and smaller, rotating, disky galaxies that lack cores. We find a
new feature of this "E-E dichotomy": Coreless ellipticals have extra light at
the center with respect to an inward extrapolation of the outer Sersic profile.
We suggest that extra light is made in starbursts that swamp core scouring in
wet mergers. In general, only giant, core ellipticals contain X-ray gas halos.
We suggest that they formed in mergers that were kept dry by X-ray gas heated
by active galactic nuclei.


title: Large non-Gaussianity from two-component hybrid inflation

abstract:
  We study the generation of non-Gaussianity in models of hybrid inflation with
two inflaton fields, (2-brid inflation). We analyse the region in the parameter
and the initial condition space where a large non-Gaussianity may be generated
during slow-roll inflation which is generally characterised by a large f_NL,
tau_NL and a small g_NL. For certain parameter values we can satisfy
tau_NL>>f_NL^2. The bispectrum is of the local type but may have a significant
scale dependence. We show that the loop corrections to the power spectrum and
bispectrum are suppressed during inflation, if one assume that the fields
follow a classical background trajectory. We also include the effect of the
waterfall field, which can lead to a significant change in the observables
after the waterfall field is destabilised, depending on the couplings between
the waterfall and inflaton fields.


title: Galactic Bars in Cosmological Context

abstract:
  Galactic disks can form in asymmetric potentials of the assembling dark
matter (DM) halos, giving rise to the first generation of gas-rich bars.
Properties of these bars differ from canonical bars analyzed so far. Moreover,
rapid disk growth is associated with the influx of clumpy DM and baryons along
the large-scale filaments. Subsequent interactions between this substructure
and the disk can trigger generations of bars, which can explain their ubiquity
in the Universe. I provide a brief summary of such bar properties and argue
that they fit naturally within the broad cosmological context of a hierarchical
buildup of structure in the universe.


title:
Constraints on the Size of Extra Dimensions from the Orbital Evolution
  of the Black-Hole X-Ray Binary XTE J1118+480

abstract:
  In a universe of the Randall-Sundrum type, black holes are unstable and emit
gravitational modes in the extra dimension. This leads to dramatically
shortened lifetimes of astrophysical black holes and to an observable change of
the orbital period of black-hole binaries. I obtain an upper limit on the rate
of change of the orbital period of the binary XTE J1118+480 and constrain the
asymptotic curvature radius of the extra dimension to a value that is of the
same order as the constraints from other astrophysical sources. A unique
property of XTE J1118+480 is that the expected rate of change of the orbital
period due to magnetic braking alone is so large that only one additional
measurement of the orbital period would lead to the first detection of orbital
evolution of a black-hole binary and impose the tightest constraint to date on
the size of one extra dimension of the order of 35 microns.


title:
Long term optical and X-ray variability of the Seyfert galaxy Markarian
  79

abstract:
  We present the results of concurrent X-ray and optical monitoring of the
Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 79 over a period of more than five years. We find that on
short to medium time-scales (days to a few tens of days) the 2-10 keV X-ray and
optical u and V band fluxes are significantly correlated, with a delay between
the bands consistent with zero days. We show that most of these variations may
be well reproduced by a model where the short-term optical variations originate
from reprocessing of X-rays by an optically thick accretion disc. The optical
light curves, however, also display long time-scale variations over thousands
of days, which are not present in the X-ray light curve. These optical
variations must originate from an independent variability mechanism and we show
that they can be produced by variations in the (geometrically) thin disc
accretion rate as well as by varying reprocessed fractions through changes in
the location of the X-ray corona.


title:
Revisiting the confrontation of the energy conditions with supernovae
  data

abstract:
  In the standard Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) approach to model
the Universe the violation of the so-called energy conditions is related to
some important properties of the Universe as, for example, the current and the
inflationary accelerating expansion phases. The energy conditions are also
necessary in the formulation and proofs of Hawking-Penrose singularity
theorems. In two recent articles we have derived bounds from energy conditions
and made confrontations of these bounds with supernovae data. Here, we extend
these results in following way: first, by using our most recent statistical
procedure for calculating new q(z) estimates from the \emph{gold} and
\emph{combined} type Ia supernovae samples; second, we use these estimates to
obtain a new picture of the energy conditions fulfillment and violation for the
recent past ($z\leq 1 $) in the context of the standard cosmology.


title:
Comparison of spectral slopes of magnetohydrodynamic and hydrodynamic
  turbulence and measurements of alignment effects

abstract:
  We performed a series of high-resolution (up to 1024^3) direct numerical
simulations of hydro and MHD strong turbulence. We found that for simulations
with normal viscosity the slopes for spectra of MHD are similar, although
slightly more shallower than for hydro simulations. However, for simulations
with hyperviscosity the slopes were very different, for instance, the slopes
for hydro simulations showed pronounced and well-defined bottleneck effect,
while the MHD slopes were relatively much less affected. We believe that this
is indicative of MHD strong turbulence being less local than Kolmogorov
turbulence. This calls for revision of MHD strong turbulence models that assume
local "as-in-hydro case" cascading. Nonlocality of MHD turbulence casts doubt
on numerical determination of the slopes with currently available
(512^3--1024^3) numerical resolutions, including simulations with normal
viscosity. We also measure various so-called alignment effects and discuss
their influence on the turbulent cascade.


title:
325-MHz observations of the ELAIS-N1 field using the Giant Metrewave
  Radio Telescope

abstract:
  We present observations of the European Large-Area {\it ISO} Survey-North 1
(ELAIS-N1) at 325 MHz using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT), with
the ultimate objective of identifying active galactic nuclei and starburst
galaxies and examining their evolution with cosmic epoch. After combining the
data from two different days we have achieved a median rms noise of $\approx40
\mu$Jy beam$^{-1}$, which is the lowest that has been achieved at this
frequency. We detect 1286 sources with a total flux density above $\approx270
\mu$Jy. In this paper, we use our deep radio image to examine the spectral
indices of these sources by comparing our flux density estimates with those of
Garn et al. at 610 MHz with the GMRT, and surveys with the Very Large Array at
1400 MHz. We attempt to identify very steep spectrum sources which are likely
to be either relic sources or high-redshift objects as well as inverted-spectra
objects which could be Giga-Hertz Peaked Spectrum objects. We present the
source counts, and report the possibility of a flattening in the normalized
differential counts at low flux densities which has so far been reported at
higher radio frequencies.


title:
AzTEC Millimetre Survey of the COSMOS Field - II. Source Count
  Overdensity and Correlations with Large-Scale Structure

abstract:
  We report an over-density of bright sub-millimetre galaxies (SMGs) in the
0.15 sq. deg. AzTEC/COSMOS survey and a spatial correlation between the SMGs
and the optical-IR galaxy density at z <~ 1.1. This portion of the COSMOS field
shows a ~ 3-sigma over-density of robust SMG detections when compared to a
background, or "blankfield", population model that is consistent with SMG
surveys of fields with no extragalactic bias. The SMG over-density is most
significant in the number of very bright detections (14 sources with measured
fluxes S(1.1mm) > 6 mJy), which is entirely incompatible with sample variance
within our adopted blank-field number densities and infers an over-density
significance of >> 4. We find that the over-density and spatial correlation to
optical-IR galaxy density are most consistent with lensing of a background SMG
population by foreground mass structures along the line of sight, rather than
physical association of the SMGs with the z <~ 1.1 galaxies/clusters. The SMG
positions are only weakly correlated with weak-lensing maps, suggesting that
the dominant sources of correlation are individual galaxies and the more
tenuous structures in the region and not the massive and compact clusters.
These results highlight the important roles cosmic variance and large-scale
structure can play in the study of SMGs.


title:
Loss of superfluidity by fermions in the boson Hubbard model on an
  optical lattice

abstract:
  The experimentally observed loss of superfluidity by introducing fermions to
the boson Hubbard system on an optical lattice is explained. We show that the
virtual transitions of the bosons to the higher Bloch bands, coupled with the
contact boson-fermion interactions of either sign, result in an effective
increase of the boson on-site repulsion. If this renormalization of the on-site
potential is dominant over the fermion screening of the boson interactions, the
Mott insulating lobes of the Bose-Hubbard phase diagram will be enhanced for
either sign of the boson-fermion interactions. We discuss implications for cold
atom experiments where the expansion of the Mott lobes by fermions has been
conclusively established.


title: Grain Alignment by Radiative Torques

abstract:
  Grain alignment is a notoriously difficult problem, that is extremely rich in
underlying physics. The long history of attempts theoretical handling of the
problem resulted in rather sceptical approach to the theory on the part of some
polarimetry practitioners. However, recently the theory has been very
successful in accounting for the observational data. In view of that, I present
a very concise discussion of the most promising mechanism of grain alignment,
namely, radiative torque alignment. In particular, I discuss a new analytical
model which excellently reproduces properties of radiative torques, as well as
the application of the model to predicting the degree of alignment.


title: Growth of Magnetic Fields Induced by Turbulent Motions

abstract:
  We present numerical simulations of driven magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)
turbulence with weak/moderate imposed magnetic fields. The main goal is to
clarify dynamics of magnetic field growth. We also investigate the effects of
the imposed magnetic fields on the MHD turbulence, including, as a limit, the
case of zero external field. Our findings are as follows. First, when we start
off simulations with weak mean magnetic field only (or with small scale random
field with zero imposed field), we observe that there is a stage at which
magnetic energy density grows linearly with time. Runs with different numerical
resolutions and/or different simulation parameters show consistent results for
the growth rate at the linear stage. Second, we find that, when the strength of
the external field increases, the equilibrium kinetic energy density drops by
roughly the product of the rms velocity and the strength of the external field.
The equilibrium magnetic energy density rises by roughly the same amount.
Third, when the external magnetic field is not very strong (say, less than ~0.2
times the rms velocity when measured in the units of Alfven speed), the
turbulence at large scales remains statistically isotropic, i.e. there is no
apparent global anisotropy of order B_0/v. We discuss implications of our
results on astrophysical fluids.


title: The structure of correlation functions in single field inflation

abstract:
  Many statistics available to constrain non-Gaussianity from inflation are
simplest to use under the assumption that the curvature correlation functions
are hierarchical. That is, if the n-point function is proportional to the (n-1)
power of the two-point function amplitude and the fluctuations are small, the
probability distribution can be approximated by expanding around a Gaussian in
moments. However, single-field inflation with higher derivative interactions
has a second small number, the sound speed, that appears in the problem when
non-Gaussianity is significant and changes the scaling of correlation
functions. Here we examine the structure of correlation functions in the most
general single scalar field action with higher derivatives, formalizing the
conditions under which the fluctuations can be expanded around a Gaussian
distribution. We comment about the special case of the Dirac-Born-Infeld
action.


title: Metallic Ferromagnetism in the Kondo Lattice

abstract:
  Metallic magnetism is both ancient and modern, occurring in such familiar
settings as the lodestone in compass needles and the hard drive in computers.
Surprisingly, a rigorous theoretical basis for metallic ferromagnetism is still
largely missing. The Stoner approach perturbatively treates Coulomb
interactions when the latter need to be large, while the Nagaoka approach
incorporates thermodynamically negligible electrons into a half-filled band.
Here, we show that the ferromagnetic order of the Kondo lattice is amenable to
an asymptotically exact analysis over a range of interaction parameters. In
this ferromagnetic phase, the conduction electrons and local moments are
strongly coupled but the Fermi surface does not enclose the latter (i.e. it is
small). Moreover, non-Fermi liquid behavior appears over a range of frequencies
and temperatures. Our results provide the basis to understand some
long-standing puzzles in the ferromagnetic heavy fermion metals, and raises the
prospect for a new class of ferromagnetic quantum phase transitions.


title:
The Vanishing Approach for the Average Continuous Control of Piecewise
  Deterministic Markov Processes

abstract:
  The main goal of this paper is to derive sufficient conditions for the
existence of an optimal control strategy for the long run average continuous
control problem of piecewise deterministic Markov processes (PDMP's) taking
values in a general Borel space and with compact action space depending on the
state variable. In order to do that we apply the so-called vanishing discount
approach to obtain a solution to an average cost optimality inequality
associated to the long run average cost problem. Our main assumptions are
written in terms of some integro-differential inequalities related to the
so-called expected growth condition, and geometric convergence of the post-jump
location kernel associated to the PDMP.


title:
The Role of Gas In Maintaining Quasi-Steady Spiral Structure In Stellar
  Disks

abstract:
  We study the dynamical evolution of spiral structure in the stellar disks of
isolated galaxies using high resolution Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)
simulations that treat the evolution of gas, stars, and dark matter
self-consistently. We focus this study on the question of self-excited spiral
structure in the stellar disk and investigate the dynamical coupling between
the cold, dissipative gaseous component and the stellar component. We find that
angular momentum transport from the gas to the stars inside of corotation leads
to a roughly time-steady spiral structure in the stellar disk. To make this
point clear, we contrast these results with otherwise identical simulations
that do not include a cold gaseous component that is able to cool radiatively
and dissipate energy, and find that spiral structure, when it is incipient,
dies out more rapidly in simulations that do not include gas. We also employ a
standard star formation prescription to convert gas into stars and find that
our results hold for typical gas consumption time scales that are in accord
with the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation. We therefore attribute the long-lived
roughly time steady spiral structure in the stellar disk to the dynamical
coupling between the gas and the stars and the resultant torques that the
self-gravitating gaseous disk is able to exert on the stars due to an azimuthal
phase shift between the collisionless and dissipative components.


title: Branching of Representations to Symmetric Subgroups

abstract:
  Let $\gg$ be the Lie algebra of a compact Lie group and let $\theta$ be any
automorphism of $\gg$. Let $\gk$ denote the fixed point subalgebra
$\gg^\theta$. In this paper we present LiE programs that, for any finite
dimensional complex representation $\pi$ of $\gg$, give the explicit branching
$\pi|_\gk$ of $\pi$ on $\gk$. Cases of special interest include the cases where
$\theta$ has order 2 (corresponding to compact riemannian symmetric spaces
$G/K$), where $\theta$ has order 3 (corresponding to compact nearly--kaehler
homogeneous spaces $G/K$), where $\theta$ has order 5 (which include the
fascinating 5--symmetric space $E_8/A_4A_4$), and the cases where $\gk$ is the
centralizer of a toral subalgebra of $\gg$.


title:
Duality, a-invariants and canonical modules of rings arising from linear
  optimization problems

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to study integer rounding properties of various
systems of linear inequalities to gain insight about the algebraic properties
of Rees algebras of monomial ideals and monomial subrings. We study the
normality and Gorenstein property--as well as the canonical module and the
a-invariant--of Rees algebras and subrings arising from systems with the
integer rounding property. We relate the algebraic properties of Rees algebras
and monomial subrings with integer rounding properties and present a duality
theorem.


title:
He II absorption and the sawtooth spectrum of the cosmic far-UV
  background

abstract:
  Cosmic ultraviolet background radiation between 3 and 4 Ryd is reprocessed by
resonant line absorption in the Lyman series of intergalactic He II. This
process results in a sawtooth modulation of the radiation spectrum from the He
II Lya frequency to the Lyman limit. The size of this modulation is a sensitive
probe of the epoch of helium reionization and of the sources that keep the
intergalactic medium (IGM) highly ionized. For large absorption opacities, the
background intensity will peak at frequencies just above each resonance, go to
zero at resonance, and fluctuate greatly just below resonance. The He II
sawtooth modulation may be one of the missing ingredients needed in the
modelling of the abundances of metal ions like C III and Si IV observed in the
IGM at redshift 3.


title: GUT-Scale Primordial Black Holes: Consequences and Constraints

abstract:
  A population of very light primordial black holes which evaporate before
nucleosynthesis begins is unconstrained unless the decaying black holes leave
stable relics. We show that gravitons Hawking radiated from these black holes
would source a substantial stochastic background of high frequency
gravititational waves ($10^{12}$ Hz or more) in the present universe. These
black holes may lead to a transient period of matter dominated expansion. In
this case the primordial universe could be temporarily dominated by large
clusters of "Hawking stars" and the resulting gravitational wave spectrum is
independent of the initial number density of primordial black holes.


title: Degree bounds for type-A weight rings and Gelfand--Tsetlin semigroups

abstract:
  A weight ring in type A is the coordinate ring of the GIT quotient of the
variety of flags in $\C^n$ modulo a twisted action of the maximal torus in
$\SL(n,\C)$. We show that any weight ring in type A is generated by elements of
degree strictly less than the Krull dimension, which is at worst $O(n^2)$. On
the other hand, we show that the associated semigroup of Gelfand--Tsetlin
patterns can have an essential generator of degree exponential in $n$.


title: A proof of Lens Rigidity in the category of Analytic Metrics

abstract:
  Consider a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary. Assume all maximally
extended geodesics intersect the boundary at both ends. Then to each maximal
geodesic segment one can form a triple consisting of the initial and final
vectors of the segment and the length of the segment. The collection of all
such triples comprises the lens data. In this paper, it is shown that in the
category of analytic Riemannian manifolds, the lens data uniquely determine the
metric up to isometry. There are no convexity assumptions on the boundary, and
conjugate points are allowed, but with some restriction.


title: New Bound States of Heavy Quarks at LHC and Tevatron

abstract:
  The present paper is based on the assumption that heavy quarks bound states
exist in the Standard Model (SM). Considering New Bound States (NBS) of
top-anti-top quarks (named T-balls) we have shown that: 1) there exists the
scalar 1S--bound state of $6t+6\bar t$; 2) the forces which bind the top-quarks
are very strong and almost completely compensate the mass of the twelve
top-anti-top-quarks in the scalar NBS; 3) such strong forces are produced by
the Higgs-top-quarks interaction with a large value of the top-quark Yukawa
coupling constant $g_t\simeq 1$. Theory also predicts the existence of the NBS
$6t + 5\bar t$, which is a color triplet and a fermion similar to the
$t'$-quark of the fourth generation. We have also considered the
"b-quark-replaced" NBS, estimated the masses of the lightest fermionic NBS:
$M_{NBS}\gtrsim 300$ GeV, and discussed the larger masses of T-balls. We have
developed a theory of the scalar T-ball's condensate and predicted the
existence of three SM phases. Searching for heavy quark bound states at the
Tevatron and LHC is discussed. We have constructed the possible form-factors of
T-balls, and estimated the charge multiplicity coming from the T-ball's decays.


title: Field desorption ion source development for neutron generators

abstract:
  A new approach to deuterium ion sources for deuterium-tritium neutron
generators is being developed. The source is based upon the field desorption of
deuterium from the surfaces of metal tips. Field desorption studies of
microfabricated field emitter tip arrays have been conducted for the first
time. Maximum fields of 30 V/nm have been applied to the array tip surfaces to
date, although achieving fields of 20 V/nm to possibly 25 V/nm is more typical.
Both the desorption of atomic deuterium ions and the gas phase field ionization
of molecular deuterium has been observed at fields of roughly 20 V/nm and 20-30
V/nm, respectively, at room temperature. The desorption of common surface
adsorbates, such as hydrogen, carbon, water, and carbon monoxide is observed at
fields exceeding ~10 V/nm. In vacuo heating of the arrays to temperatures of
the order of 800 C can be effective in removing many of the surface
contaminants observed.


title: Equilibrium sets in quintom cosmologies: the past asymptotic dynamics

abstract:
  In the previous paper \cite{Lazkoz:2006pa} was investigated the phase space
of quintom cosmologies for a class of exponential potentials. This study
suggests that the past asymptotic dynamics of such a model can be approximated
by the dynamics near a hyperbola of critical points. In this paper we obtain a
normal form expansion near a fixed point located on this equilibrium set. We
get computationally treatable system up to fourth order. From the structure of
the unstable manifold (up to fourth order) we see that that the past asymptotic
behavior of this model is given by a massless scalar field cosmology for an
open set of orbits (matching the numerical results given in
\cite{Lazkoz:2006pa}). We complement the results discussed there by including
the analysis at infinity. Although there exists unbounded orbits towards the
past, by examining the orbits at infinity, we get that the sources satisfy the
evolution rates $\dot\phi^2/V\sim\frac{2m^2}{n^2-m^2},
\dot\phi/\dot\varphi\sim-m/n,$ with $H/\dot\phi$ approaching zero.


title: Diameter-Dependent Electron Mobility of InAs Nanowires

abstract:
  Temperature-dependent I-V and C-V spectroscopy of single InAs nanowire
field-effect transistors were utilized to directly shed light on the intrinsic
electron transport properties as a function of nanowire radius. From C-V
characterizations, the densities of thermally-activated fixed charges and trap
states on the surface of untreated (i.e., without any surface
functionalization) nanowires are investigated while enabling the accurate
measurement of the gate oxide capacitance; therefore, leading to the direct
assessment of the field-effect mobility for electrons. The field-effect
mobility is found to monotonically decrease as the radius is reduced to sub-10
nm, with the low temperature transport data clearly highlighting the drastic
impact of the surface roughness scattering on the mobility degradation for
miniaturized nanowires. More generally, the approach presented here may serve
as a versatile and powerful platform for in-depth characterization of
nanoscale, electronic materials.


title: Observation of ferromagnetic resonance in strontium ruthenate (SrRuO3)

abstract:
  We report the observation of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) in SrRuO3 using
the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. The FMR oscillations in the
time-domain appear in response to a sudden, optically induced change in the
direction of easy-axis anistropy. The high FMR frequency, 250 GHz, and large
Gilbert damping parameter, alpha ~ 1, are consistent with strong spin-orbit
coupling. We find that the parameters associated with the magnetization
dynamics, including alpha, have a non-monotonic temperature dependence,
suggestive of a link to the anomalous Hall effect.


title: A signature for the absence of event horizons

abstract:
  A sharp dip in the spectrum of gamma rays coming from compact objects below
70 MeV would be an unambiguous signal that compact astrophysical objects have a
physical surface, and there is no event horizon. Observation of this effect
would open a window for the empirical study of Planck scale physics


title:
Stochastic Volterra Equations in Banach Spaces and Stochastic Partial
  Differential Equations

abstract:
  In this paper, we first study the existence-uniqueness and large deviation
estimate of solutions for stochastic Volterra integral equations with singular
kernels in 2-smooth Banach spaces. Then, we apply them to a large class of
semilinear stochastic partial differential equations (SPDE) driven by Brownian
motions as well as by fractional Brownian motions, and obtain the existence of
unique maximal strong solutions (in the sense of SDE and PDE) under local
Lipschitz conditions. Lastly, high order SPDEs in a bounded domain of Euclidean
space, second order SPDEs on complete Riemannian manifolds, as well as
stochastic Navier-Stokes equations are investigated.


title:
Neutral interstellar hydrogen in the inner heliosphere under the
  influence of wavelength-dependent solar radiation pressure

abstract:
  With the plethora of detailed results from heliospheric missions and at the
advent of the first mission dedicated IBEX, we have entered the era of
precision heliospheric studies. Interpretation of these data require precision
modeling, with second-order effects quantitatively taken into account. We study
the influence of the non-flat shape of the solar Ly-alpha line on the
distribution of neutral interstellar H in the inner heliosphere. Based on
available data, we (i) construct a model of evolution for the solar Ly-alpha
line profile with solar activity, (ii) modify an existing test-particle code
used to calculate the distribution of neutral interstellar H in the inner
heliosphere so that it takes the dependence of radiation pressure on radial
velocity into account, and (iii) compare the results of the old and new
version. Discrepancies between the classical and Doppler models appear between
~5 and ~3 AU and increase towards the Sun from a few percent to a factor of 1.5
at 1 AU. The classical model overestimates the density everywhere except for a
~60-degr cone around the downwind direction, where a density deficit appears.
The magnitude of the discrepancies appreciably depends on the phase of the
solar cycle, but only weakly on the parameters of the gas at the termination
shock. For in situ measurements of neutral atoms performed at ~1 AU, the
Doppler correction will need to be taken into account, because the
modifications include both the magnitude and direction of the local flux by a
few km/s and degrees, respectively, which, when unaccounted for, would
introduce an error of a few km/s and degrees in determination of the magnitude
and direction of the bulk velocity vector at the termination shock.


title:
Expansions of the real field by open sets: definability versus
  interpretability

abstract:
  An open set U of the real numbers R is produced such that the expansion
(R,+,x,U) of the real field by U defines a Borel isomorph of (R,+,x,N) but does
not define N. It follows that (R,+,x,U) defines sets in every level of the
projective hierarchy but does not define all projective sets. This result is
elaborated in various ways that involve geometric measure theory and working
over o-minimal expansions of (R,+,x). In particular, there is a Cantor subset K
of R such that for every exponentially bounded o-minimal expansion M of
(R,+,x), every subset of R definable in (M,K) either has interior or is
Hausdorff null.


title: Efficiency and influence function of estimators for ARCH models

abstract:
  This paper proposes a closed-form optimal estimator based on the theory of
estimating functions for a class of linear ARCH models. The estimating function
(EF) estimator has the advantage over the widely used maximum likelihood (ML)
and quasi-maximum likelihood (QML) estimators that (i) it can be easily
implemented, (ii) it does not depend on a distributional assumption for the
innovation, and (iii) it does not require the use of any numerical optimization
procedures or the choice of initial values of the conditional variance
equation. In the case of normality, the asymptotic distribution of the ML and
QML estimators naturally turn out to be identical and, hence, coincides with
ours. Moreover, a robustness property of the EF estimator is derived by means
of influence function. Simulation results show that the efficiency benefits of
our estimator relative to the ML and QML estimators are substantial for some
ARCH innovation distributions.


title:
Testing the equality of error distributions from k independent GARCH
  models

abstract:
  In this paper we study the problem of testing the null hypothesis that errors
from k independent parametrically specified generalized autoregressive
conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models have the same distribution versus
a general alternative. First we establish the asymptotic validity of a class of
linear test statistics derived from the k residual-based empirical distribution
functions. A distinctive feature is that the asymptotic distribution of the
test statistics involves terms depending on the distributions of errors and the
parameters of the models, and weight functions providing the flexibility to
choose scores for investigating power performance. A Monte Carlo study assesses
the asymptotic performance in terms of empirical size and power of the
three-sample test based on the Wilcoxon and Van der Waerden score generating
functions in finite samples. The results demonstrate that the two proposed
tests have overall reasonable size and their power is particularly high when
the assumption of Gaussian errors is violated. As an illustrative example, the
tests are applied to daily individual stock returns of the New York Stock
Exchange data.


title:
Neutral H density at the termination shock: a consolidation of recent
  results

abstract:
  We discuss a consolidation of determinations of the density of neutral
interstellar H at the nose of the termination shock carried out with the use of
various data sets, techniques, and modeling approaches. In particular, we focus
on the determination of this density based on observations of H pickup ions on
Ulysses during its aphelion passage through the ecliptic plane. We discuss in
greater detail a novel method of determination of the density from these
measurements and review the results from its application to actual data. The H
density at TS derived from this analysis is equal to 0.087 \pm 0.022 cm-3, and
when all relevant determinations are taken into account, the consolidated
density is obtained at 0.09 \pm 0.022 cm-3. The density of H in CHISM based on
literature values of filtration factor is then calculated at 0.16 \pm 0.04
cm-3.


title: Total positivity in loop groups I: whirls and curls

abstract:
  This is the first of a series of papers where we develop a theory of total
positivity for loop groups. In this paper, we completely describe the totally
nonnegative part of the polynomial loop group GL_n(\R[t,t^{-1}]), and for the
formal loop group GL_n(\R((t))) we describe the totally nonnegative points
which are not totally positive. Furthermore, we make the connection with
networks on the cylinder.
  Our approach involves the introduction of distinguished generators, called
whirls and curls, and we describe the commutation relations amongst them. These
matrices play the same role as the poles and zeroes of the Edrei-Thoma theorem
classifying totally positive functions (corresponding to our case n=1). We give
a solution to the ``factorization problem'' using limits of ratios of minors.
This is in a similar spirit to the Berenstein-Fomin-Zelevinsky Chamber Ansatz
where ratios of minors are used. A birational symmetric group action arising in
the commutation relation of curls appeared previously in Noumi-Yamada's study
of discrete Painlev\'{e} dynamical systems and Berenstein-Kazhdan's study of
geometric crystals.


title: Genetic noise control via protein oligomerization

abstract:
  Gene expression in a cell entails random reaction events occurring over
disparate time scales. Thus, molecular noise that often results in phenotypic
and population-dynamic consequences sets a fundamental limit to biochemical
signaling. While there have been numerous studies correlating the architecture
of cellular reaction networks with noise tolerance, only a limited effort has
been made to understand the dynamic role of protein-protein interactions. Here
we have developed a fully stochastic model for the positive feedback control of
a single gene, as well as a pair of genes (toggle switch), integrating
quantitative results from previous in vivo and in vitro studies. We find that
the overall noise-level is reduced and the frequency content of the noise is
dramatically shifted to the physiologically irrelevant high-frequency regime in
the presence of protein dimerization. This is independent of the choice of
monomer or dimer as transcription factor and persists throughout the multiple
model topologies considered. For the toggle switch, we additionally find that
the presence of a protein dimer, either homodimer or heterodimer, may
significantly reduce its random switching rate. Hence, the dimer promotes the
robust function of bistable switches by preventing the uninduced (induced)
state from randomly being induced (uninduced). The specific binding between
regulatory proteins provides a buffer that may prevent the propagation of
fluctuations in genetic activity. The capacity of the buffer is a non-monotonic
function of association-dissociation rates. Since the protein oligomerization
per se does not require extra protein components to be expressed, it provides a
basis for the rapid control of intrinsic or extrinsic noise.


title:
Experimental Determination of the Gain Distribution of an Avalanche
  Photodiode at Low Gains

abstract:
  A measurement system for determining the gain distributions of avalanche
photodiodes (APDs) in a low gain range is presented. The system is based on an
ultralow-noise charge--sensitive amplifier and detects the output carriers from
an APD. The noise of the charge--sensitive amplifier is as low as 4.2 electrons
at a sampling rate of 200 Hz. The gain distribution of a commercial Si APD with
low average gains are presented, demonstrating the McIntyre theory in the low
gain range.


title: A Quirky Little Higgs Model

abstract:
  We consider an extra dimensional model where the quadratically divergent top
loop contribution to the Higgs mass is cancelled by an uncolored heavy "top
quirk" charged under a different SU(3) gauge group. The cancellation is
enforced by bulk gauge symmetries. Thus we have an unusual type of little Higgs
model which has some quirky signatures. The top partner in this model could be
identified at the Large Hadron Collider due to macroscopic strings that connect
quirk and anti-quirks. The model can undergo radiative electroweak symmetry
breaking and is consistent with precision electroweak measurements.


title:
Disk Winds Driven by Magnetorotational Instability and Dispersal of
  Proto-Planetary Disks

abstract:
  By performing local three-dimensional MHD simulations of stratified accretion
disks, we investigate disk winds driven by MHD turbulence. Initially given weak
vertical magnetic fields are effectively amplified by magnetorotational
instability and winding due to differential rotation. Large scale channel flows
develop most effectively at 1.5 - 2 times the scale heights where the magnetic
pressure is comparable to but slightly smaller than the gas pressure. The
breakup of these channel flows drives structured disk winds by transporting the
Poynting flux to the gas. These features are universally observed in the
simulations of various initial fields. This disk wind process should play an
essential role in the dynamical evaporation of proto-planetary disks. The
breakup of channel flows also excites the momentum fluxes associated with
Alfvenic and (magneto-)sonic waves toward the mid-plane, which possibly
contribute to the sedimentation of small dust grains in protoplanetary disks.


title: $q$-Breathers in finite lattices: nonlinearity and weak disorder

abstract:
  Nonlinearity and disorder are the recognized ingredients of the lattice
vibrational dynamics, the factors that could be diminished, but never excluded.
We generalize the concept of $q$-breathers -- periodic orbits in nonlinear
lattices, exponentially localized in the reciprocal linear mode space -- to the
case of weak disorder, taking the Fermi-Pasta-Ulan chain as an example. We
show, that these nonlinear vibrational modes remain exponentially localized
near the central mode and stable, provided the disorder is sufficiently small.
The instability threshold depends sensitively on a particular realization of
disorder and can be modified by specifically designed impurities. Basing on it,
an approach to controlling the energy flow between the modes is proposed. The
relevance to other model lattices and experimental miniature arrays is
discussed.


title:
Coulomb blockade double-dot Aharonov-Bohm interferometer: giant
  fluctuations

abstract:
  Electron transport through two parallel quantum dots is a kind of solid-state
realization of double-path interference. We demonstrate that the inter-dot
Coulomb correlation and quantum coherence would result in strong current
fluctuations with a divergent Fano factor at zero frequency. We also provide
physical interpretation for this surprising result, which displays its generic
feature and allows us to recover this phenomenon in more complicated systems.


title:
Controlled switching between paramagnetic and diamagnetic Meissner
  effect in Pb/Co nanocomposites

abstract:
  A hybrid system which consists of a superconducting (SC) Pb film (100 nm
thickness) containing $\sim$1 vol% single domain ferromagnetic (FM) Co
particles of mean-size $\sim$4.5 nm reveal unusual magnetic properties: (i) a
controlled switching between the usual diamagnetic and the unusual paramagnetic
Meissner effect in field cooling as well as in zero-field cooling experiments
(ii) amplification of the positive magnetization when the sample enters the SC
state below T$_c$. These experimental findings can be explained by the
formation of spontaneous vortices and the possible alignment of these vortices
due to the foregoing alignment of the Co particle FM moments by an external
magnetic field.


title:
Withdraw a paper entitled "On the growth rate of solutions for 2D
  incompressible Euler equations"

abstract:
  This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to a crucial definition error
of Triebel space.


title: Making use of the International Lattice Data Grid

abstract:
  The International Lattice Data Grid (ILDG) continues stable operation for
about one year and has accumulated a lot of valuable configurations. After a
brief review of the ILDG system, we highlight large physics projects, whose
configurations are already available on the grid or will be open to the public
in the near future. With such information, one can make better use of the ILDG.
Statistics about the ILDG is also reported.


title:
The Tetragonal to Orthorhombic structural phase transition in multiband
  FeAs-based superconductors

abstract:
  We report the temperature dependent x-ray powder diffraction of the
FeAs-based superconductors in the range between 300 K and 95 K. In the case of
NdOFeAs we have detected the structural phase transition from the tetragonal
phase, with P4/nmm space group, to the orthorhombic phase,with Cmma space
group, over a broad temperature range from 150 K to 120 K, centered at T0 137K.
This transition is reduced, by about 30K, by the internal chemical pressure
going from LaOFeAs to NdOFeAs. On the contrary the superconducting critical
temperature increases from 27K to 51 K going from LaOFeAs to NdOFeAs doped
samples. The FeAs layers in all undoped 1111 and 122 systems suffer a tensile
misfit strain. The tensile misfit strain is reduced in 1111 and in 122 samples
and at optimum doping the misfit strain is close to zero. This result shows
that the normal striped orthorhombic Cmma phase competes with the
superconducting tetragonal phase. In the orthorhombic clusters the charges can
move only along the stripes in the b direction and are localized by the
magnetic interaction.


title: Fixation times in evolutionary games under weak selection

abstract:
  In evolutionary game dynamics, reproductive success increases with the
performance in an evolutionary game. If strategy $A$ performs better than
strategy $B$, strategy $A$ will spread in the population. Under stochastic
dynamics, a single mutant will sooner or later take over the entire population
or go extinct. We analyze the mean exit times (or average fixation times)
associated with this process. We show analytically that these times depend on
the payoff matrix of the game in an amazingly simple way under weak selection,
ie strong stochasticity: The payoff difference $\Delta \pi$ is a linear
function of the number of $A$ individuals $i$, $\Delta \pi = u i + v$. The
unconditional mean exit time depends only on the constant term $v$. Given that
a single $A$ mutant takes over the population, the corresponding conditional
mean exit time depends only on the density dependent term $u$. We demonstrate
this finding for two commonly applied microscopic evolutionary processes.


title: Hierarchy and equivalence of multi-letter quantum finite automata

abstract:
  Multi-letter {\it quantum finite automata} (QFAs) were a new one-way QFA
model proposed recently by Belovs, Rosmanis, and Smotrovs (LNCS, Vol. 4588,
Springer, Berlin, 2007, pp. 60-71), and they showed that multi-letter QFAs can
accept with no error some regular languages ($(a+b)^{*}b$) that are
unacceptable by the one-way QFAs. In this paper, we continue to study
multi-letter QFAs. We mainly focus on two issues: (1) we show that
$(k+1)$-letter QFAs are computationally more powerful than $k$-letter QFAs,
that is, $(k+1)$-letter QFAs can accept some regular languages that are
unacceptable by any $k$-letter QFA. A comparison with the one-way QFAs is made
by some examples; (2) we prove that a $k_{1}$-letter QFA ${\cal A}_1$ and
another $k_{2}$-letter QFA ${\cal A}_2$ are equivalent if and only if they are
$(n_{1}+n_{2})^{4}+k-1$-equivalent, and the time complexity of determining the
equivalence of two multi-letter QFAs using this method is
$O(n^{12}+k^{2}n^{4}+kn^{8})$, where $n_{1}$ and $n_{2}$ are the numbers of
states of ${\cal A}_{1}$ and ${\cal A}_{2}$, respectively, and
$k=\max(k_{1},k_{2})$. Some other issues are addressed for further
consideration.


title:
Algebraic Entropy and the Action of Mapping Class Groups on Character
  Varieties

abstract:
  We extend the definition of algebraic entropy to endomorphisms of affine
varieties. We calculate algebraic entropy of the action of elements of mapping
class groups on various character varieties, and show that it is equal to a
quantity we call the spectral radius, a generalization of the dilatation of a
Pseudo-Anosov mapping class. Our calculations are compatible with all known
calculations of the topological entropy of this action.


title:
The evolution of the Galactic metallicity gradient from high-resolution
  spectroscopy of open clusters

abstract:
  Open clusters offer a unique possibility to study the time evolution of the
radial metallicity gradients of several elements in our Galaxy, because they
span large intervals in age and Galactocentric distance, and both quantities
can be more accurately derived than for field stars. We re-address the issue of
the Galactic metallicity gradient and its time evolution by comparing the
empirical gradients traced by a sample of 45 open clusters with a chemical
evolution model of the Galaxy. At variance with previous similar studies, we
have collected from the literature only abundances derived from
high--resolution spectra. The clusters have distances $7 < RGC<22$ kpc and ages
from $\sim 30$ Myr to 11 Gyr. We also consider the $\alpha$-elements Si, Ca,
Ti, and the iron-peak elements Cr and Ni. The data for iron-peak and
$\alpha$-elements indicate a steep metallicity gradient for R_GC<12$ kpc and a
plateau at larger radii. The time evolution of the metallicity distribution is
characterized by a uniform increase of the metallicity at all radii, preserving
the shape of the gradient, with marginal evidence for a flattening of the
gradient with time in the radial range 7-12 kpc. Our model is able to reproduce
the main features of the metallicity gradient and its evolution with an infall
law exponentially decreasing with radius and with a collapse time scale of the
order of 8 Gyr at the solar radius. This results in a rapid collapse in the
inner regions, i.e. $R_{\rm GC}\lesssim 12$ kpc (that we associate with an
early phase of disk formation from the collapse of the halo) and in a slow
inflow of material per unit area in the outer regions at a constant rate with
time.


title:
Non-linear effects in the cyclotron resonance of a massless
  quasi-particle in graphene

abstract:
  We consider the classical motion of a massless quasi-particle in a magnetic
field and under a weak electromagnetic radiation with the frequency $\omega$.
Due to the non-parabolic, linear energy dispersion, the particle responds not
only at the frequency $\omega$ but generates a broad frequency spectrum around
it. The linewidth of the cyclotron resonance turns out to be very broad even in
a perfectly pure material which allows one to explain recent experimental data
in graphene. It is concluded that the linear response theory does not work in
graphene in finite magnetic fields.


title:
Toward mode selection in Delta Scuti stars: Regularities in observed and
  theoretical frequency spectra

abstract:
  Only a fraction of the theoretically predicted nonradial pulsation modes have
so far been observed in Delta Scuti stars. Nevertheless, the large number of
frequencies detected in recent photometric studies of selected Delta Scuti
stars allow us to look for regularities in the frequency spacing of modes. Mode
identifications are used to interpret these results.
  Statistical analyses of several Delta Scuti stars (FG Vir, 44 Tau, BL Cam and
others) show that the photometrically observed frequencies are not distributed
at random, but that the excited nonradial modes cluster around the frequencies
of the radial modes over many radial orders.
  The observed regularities can be partly explained by modes trapped in the
stellar envelope. This mode selection mechanism was proposed by Dziembowski &
Krolikowska (1990) and shown to be efficient for l = 1 modes. New pulsation
model calculations confirm the observed regularities.
  We present the s-f diagram, which compares the average separation of the
radial frequencies (s) with the frequency of the lowest-frequency unstable
radial mode (f). This provides an estimate for the log g value of the observed
star, if we assume that the centers of the observed frequency clusters
correspond to the radial mode frequencies. This assumption is confirmed by
examples of well-studied Delta Scuti variables in which radial modes were
definitely identified.


title:
Effects of the Zero-Mode Landau Level on Inter-Layer Magnetoresistance
  in Multilayer Massless Dirac Fermion Systems

abstract:
  We report on the experimental results of interlayer magnetoresistance in
multilayer massless Dirac fermion system $\alpha$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$I$_3$ under
hydrostatic pressure and its interpretation. We succeeded in detecting the
zero-mode Landau level (n=0 Landau level) that is epected to appear at the
contact points of Dirac cones in the magnetic field normal to the
two-dimensional plane. The characteristic feature of zero-mode Landau carriers
including the Zeeman effect is clearly seen in the interlayer
magnetoresistance.


title: The length of unknotting tunnels

abstract:
  We show there exist tunnel number one hyperbolic 3-manifolds with arbitrarily
long unknotting tunnel. This provides a negative answer to an old question of
Colin Adams.


title: Double Pair Production by Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Photons

abstract:
  With use of CompHEP package we've made the detailed estimate of the influence
of double e+e- pair production by photons (DPP) on the propagation of ultra
high energy electromagnetic cascade. We show that in the models in which cosmic
ray photons energy reaches few thousand EeV refined DPP analysis may lead to
substantial difference in predicted photon spectrum compared to previous rough
estimates.


title: Testing large-scale (an)isotropy of ultra-high energy cosmic rays

abstract:
  We present a simple yet powerful method to test models of cosmic-ray (CR)
origin using the distribution of CR arrival directions. The method is
statistically unambiguous in the sense that it is binless and does not invoke
scanning over unknown parameters, and general in the sense that it can be
applied to any model that predicts a continuous distribution of CRs over the
sky. We show that it provides a powerful discrimination between an isotropic
distribution and predictions from the "matter tracer" model, a benchmark model
that assumes small CR deflections and a continuous distribution of sources
tracing the distribution of matter in the Universe. Our method is competitive
or superior in statistical power to existing methods, and is especially
sensitive in the case of relatively few high-energy events. Applying the method
to the present data we find that neither an isotropic distribution nor the
matter tracer model can be excluded. Based on estimates of its statistical
power, we expect that the proposed test will lead to meaningful constraints on
models of CR origin with the data that will be accumulated within the next few
years by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array.


title:
Quasipolynomial formulas for the Kronecker coefficients indexed by two
  two-row shapes (extended abstract)

abstract:
  We show that the Kronecker coefficients (the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients of
the symmetric group) indexed by two two-row shapes are given by quadratic
quasipolynomial formulas whose domains are the maximal cells of a fan. Simple
calculations provide explicitly the quasipolynomial formulas and a description
of the associated fan.
  These new formulas are obtained from analogous formulas for the corresponding
reduced Kronecker coefficients and a formula recovering the Kronecker
coefficients from the reduced Kronecker coefficients.
  As an application, we characterize all the Kronecker coefficients indexed by
two two-row shapes that are equal to zero. This allowed us to disprove a
conjecture of Mulmuley about the behavior of the stretching functions attached
to the Kronecker coefficients.


title:
Electron spin relaxation in bulk III-V semiconductors from a fully
  microscopic kinetic spin Bloch equation approach

abstract:
  Electron spin relaxation in bulk III-V semiconductors is investigated from a
fully microscopic kinetic spin Bloch equation approach where all relevant
scatterings, such as, the electron--nonmagnetic-impurity, electron-phonon,
electron-electron, electron-hole, and electron-hole exchange (the
Bir-Aronov-Pikus mechanism) scatterings are explicitly included. The
Elliot-Yafet mechanism is also fully incorporated. This approach offers a way
toward thorough understanding of electron spin relaxation both near and far
away from the equilibrium in the metallic regime. The dependence of the spin
relaxation time on electron density, temperature, initial spin polarization,
photo-excitation density, and hole density are studied thoroughly with the
underlying physics analyzed. In contrast to the previous investigations in the
literature, we find that: (i) In $n$-type materials, the Elliot-Yafet mechanism
is {\em less} important than the D'yakonov-Perel' mechanism, even for the
narrow band-gap semiconductors such as InSb and InAs. (ii) The density
dependence of the spin relaxation time is nonmonotonic and we predict a {\em
peak} in the metallic regime in both $n$-type and intrinsic materials. (iii) In
intrinsic materials, the Bir-Aronov-Pikus mechanism is found to be negligible
compared with the D'yakonov-Perel' mechanism. We also predict a peak in the
temperature dependence of spin relaxation time which is due to the nonmonotonic
temperature dependence of the electron-electron Coulomb scattering in intrinsic
materials with small initial spin polarization. (iv) In $p$-type III-V
semiconductors, ...... (the remaining is omitted here due to the limit of
space)


title:
Spontaneous Radiation and Amplification of Kelvin Waves on Quantized
  Vortices in Bose-Einstein Condensates

abstract:
  We propose a different type of Landau instability in trapped Bose-Einstein
condensates by a helically moving environment. In the presence of quantized
vortices, the instability can cause spontaneous radiation and amplification of
Kelvin waves. This study gives a microscopic understanding of the
Donnelly-Glaberson instability which was known as a hydrodynamic instability in
superfluid helium.
  The Donnelly-Glaberson instability can be a powerful tool for observing the
dispersion relation of Kelvin waves, vortex reconnections, and quantum
turbulence in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates.


title:
Quantum Statistical Entropy and Minimal Length of 5D Ricci-flat Black
  String with Generalized Uncertainty Principle

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the quantum statistical entropy in a 5D Ricci-flat
black string solution, which contains a 4D Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole
on the brane, by using the improved thin-layer method with the generalized
uncertainty principle. The entropy is the linear sum of the areas of the event
horizon and the cosmological horizon without any cut-off and any constraint on
the bulk's configuration rather than the usual uncertainty principle. The
system's density of state and free energy are convergent in the neighborhood of
horizon. The small-mass approximation is determined by the asymptotic behavior
of metric function near horizons. Meanwhile, we obtain the minimal length of
the position $\Delta x$ which is restrained by the surface gravities and the
thickness of layer near horizons.


title: A Chain of Dark Clouds in Projection Against the Galactic Center

abstract:
  In the J, H, and Ks bands survey of the the Galactic Center region over an
area of 2deg x 5deg, we have found many dark clouds, among which a
distinguished chain of dark clouds can be identified with a quiescent CO cloud.
The distances of the clouds is estimated to be 3.2-4.2 kpc, corresponding to
the Norma arm by our new method to determine distance to dark clouds using the
cumulative number of stars against J-Ks colors. Adopting these estimated
distances, the size is about 70 pc in length and the total mass of the cloud is
6x10^4 M_solar. Three compact HII regions harbor in the cloud, indicating that
star forming activities are going on at the cores of the quiescent CO cloud on
the spiral arm.


title: Dielectron and Diphoton channels in 2HDM

abstract:
  It was observed recently by Randall and Wise that, any particle in the
Standard Model cannot decay to $e^+e^-$ and $\gamma \gamma$ final states with
comparably measurable branching ratios. This is also true for most extensions
of the Standard Model, with the Randall-Sundrum model as an outstanding
exception. In this paper, we show that two-Higgs-Doublet-Models (2HDM) yield
another possible exception if certain parameters are properly chosen. In
addition, we have checked that this model survives the tests of low energy
processes, including the anomalous magnetic moment and electric dipole moment
of leptons, lepton-flavor-violating decays $\mu^- \to e^- \gamma$ and $e^- e^+
e^-$.


title:
Many-body theory of electronic transport in single-molecule
  heterojunctions

abstract:
  A many-body theory of molecular junction transport based on nonequilibrium
Green's functions is developed, which treats coherent quantum effects and
Coulomb interactions on an equal footing. The central quantity of the many-body
theory is the Coulomb self-energy matrix $\Sigma_{\rm C}$ of the junction.
$\Sigma_{\rm C}$ is evaluated exactly in the sequential tunneling limit, and
the correction due to finite tunneling width is evaluated self-consistently
using a conserving approximation based on diagrammatic perturbation theory on
the Keldysh contour. Our approach reproduces the key features of both the
Coulomb blockade and coherent transport regimes simultaneously in a single
unified transport theory. As a first application of our theory, we have
calculated the thermoelectric power and differential conductance spectrum of a
benzenedithiol-gold junction using a semi-empirical $\pi$-electron Hamiltonian
that accurately describes the full spectrum of electronic excitations of the
molecule up to 8--10eV.


title:
Gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking and the cosmology of Left-Right
  symmetric model

abstract:
  Left-Right symmetry including supersymmetry presents an important class of
gauge models which may possess natural solutions to many issues of
phenomenology. Cosmology of such models indicates a phase transition
accompanied by domain walls. Such walls must be unstable in order to not
conflict with standard cosmology, and can further be shown to assist with open
issues of cosmology such as dilution of unwanted relic densities and
leptogenesis. In this paper we construct a model of gauge mediated
supersymmetry breaking in which parity breaking is also signalled along with
supersymmetry breaking and so as to be consistent with cosmological
requirements. It is shown that addressing all the stated cosmological issues
requires an extent of fine tuning, while in the absence of fine tuning,
leptogenesis accompanying successful completion of the phase transition is
still viable.


title: New Possibilities for Testing Local Realism in High Energy Physics

abstract:
  The three photons from the dominant ortho-positronium decay and two vector
mesons from the $\eta_c$ exclusive decays are found to be in tripartite and
high-dimensional entangled states, respectively. These two classes of entangled
states possess the Hardy type nonlocality and allow a priori for quantum
mechanics vs local realism test via Bell inequalities. The experimental
realizations are shown to be feasible, and a concrete scheme to fulfill the
test in experiment via two-vector-meson entangled state is proposed.


title:
Table of minimum ranks of graphs of order at most 7 and selected optimal
  matrices

abstract:
  The minimum rank of a simple graph $G$ is defined to be the smallest possible
rank over all symmetric real matrices whose $ij$th entry (for $i\neq j$) is
nonzero whenever $\{i,j\}$ is an edge in $G$ and is zero otherwise. Minimum
rank is a difficult parameter to compute. However, there are now a number of
known reduction techniques and bounds that can be programmed on a computer; we
have developed a program using the open-source mathematics software Sage to
implement several techniques. We have also established several additional
strategies for computation of minimum rank. These techniques have been used to
determine the minimum ranks of all graphs of order 7. This paper contains a
list of minimum ranks for all graphs of order at most 7. We also present
selected optimal matrices.


title: The Principle of Relativity, Kinematics and Algebraic Relations

abstract:
  Based on the principle of relativity and the postulate on universal invariant
constants (c,l), all possible kinematics can be set up with sub-symmetries of
the Umov-Weyl-Fock transformations for the inertial motions. Further, in the
combinatory approach, all these symmetries are intrinsically related to each
other, e.g. to the very important dS kinematics for the cosmic scale physics.


title: Rigid Components of Random Graphs

abstract:
  The planar rigidity problem asks, given a set of m pairwise distances among a
set P of n unknown points, whether it is possible to reconstruct P, up to a
finite set of possibilities (modulo rigid motions of the plane). The celebrated
Maxwell-Laman Theorem from Rigidity Theory says that, generically, the rigidity
problem has a combinatorial answer: the underlying combinatorial structure must
contain a spanning minimally-rigid graph (Laman graph). In the case where the
system is not rigid, its inclusion-wise maximal rigid substructures (rigid
components) are also combinatorially characterized via the Maxwell-Laman
theorem, and may be found efficiently.
  Physicists have used planar combinatorial rigidity has been used to study the
phase transition between liquid and solid in network glasses. The approach has
been to generate a graph via a stochastic process and then experimentally
analyze its rigidity properties. Of particular interest is the size of the
largest rigid components.
  In this paper, we study the emergence of rigid components in an Erdos-Renyi
random graph G(n,p), using the parameterization p=c/n for a fixed constant c>0.
Our first result is that for all c>0, almost surely all rigid components have
size 2, 3 or Omega(n). We also show that for c>4, almost surely the largest
rigid components have size at least n/10.
  While the G(n,p) model is simpler than those appearing in the physics
literature, these results are the first of this type where the distribution is
over all graphs on n vertices and the expected number of edges is O(n).


title:
Revealing subnetwork roles using contextual visualization: comparison of
  metabolic networks

abstract:
  This article is addressing a recurrent problem in biology: mining newly built
large scale networks. Our approach consists in comparing these new networks to
well known ones. The visual backbone of this comparative analysis is provided
by a network classification hierarchy. This method makes sense when dealing
with metabolic networks since comparison could be done using pathways
(clusters). Moreover each network models an organism and it exists organism
classification such as taxonomies. Video demonstration:
http://www.labri.fr/perso/bourqui/video.wmv


title: Stroke Fragmentation based on Geometry Features and HMM

abstract:
  Stroke fragmentation is one of the key steps in pen-based interaction. In
this letter, we present a unified HMM-based stroke fragmentation technique that
can do segment point location and primitive type determination simultaneously.
The geometry features included are used to evaluate local features, and the HMM
model is utilized to measure the global drawing context. Experiments prove that
the model can efficiently represent smooth curves as well as strokes made up of
arbitrary lines and circular arcs.


title:
Maximums and minimums of overall survival functions with fixed marginal
  distributions and transmission of technology

abstract:
  Title: An unlikely result Authors: T.M. Other Comments: This paper has been
withdrawn Abstract: This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to the fact
that some of the results turned out to be known.


title: Thermodynamics of warped AdS$_3$ black hole in the brick wall method

abstract:
  The statistical entropy of a scalar field on the warped AdS$_3$ black hole in
the cosmological topologically massive gravity is calculated based on the
brick-wall method, which is different from the Wald's entropy formula giving
the modified area law due to the higher-derivative corrections in that the
entropy still satisfies the area law. It means that the entropy for scalar
excitations on this background is independent of higher-order derivative terms
or the conventional brick wall method has some limitations to take into account
the higher-derivative terms.


title: Two-Parameter Heavy-Traffic Limits for Infinite-Server Queues

abstract:
  In order to obtain Markov heavy-traffic approximations for infinite-server
queues with general non-exponential service-time distributions and general
arrival processes, possibly with time-varying arrival rates, we establish
heavy-traffic limits for two-parameter stochastic processes. We consider the
random variables $Q^e(t,y)$ and $Q^r(t,y)$ representing the number of customers
in the system at time $t$ that have elapsed service times less than or equal to
time $y$, or residual service times strictly greater than $y$. We also consider
$W^r(t,y)$ representing the total amount of work in service time remaining to
be done at time $t+y$ for customers in the system at time $t$. The
two-parameter stochastic-process limits in the space $D([0,\infty),D)$ of
$D$-valued functions in $D$ draw on, and extend, previous heavy-traffic limits
by Glynn and Whitt (1991), where the case of discrete service-time
distributions was treated, and Krichagina and Puhalskii (1997), where it was
shown that the variability of service times is captured by the Kiefer process
with second argument set equal to the service-time c.d.f.


title:
Quantum correlations of twophoton polarization states in the parametric
  down-conversion process

abstract:
  We consider correlation properties of twophoton polarization states in the
parametric down-conversion process. In our description of polarization states
we take into account the simultaneous presence of colored and white noise in
the density matrix. Within the considered model we study the dependence of the
von Neumann entropy on the noise amount in the system and derive the
separability condition for the density matrix of twophoton polarization state,
using Perec-Horodecki criterion and majorization criterion. Then the dependence
of the Bell operator (in CHSH form) on noise is studied. As a result, we give a
condition for determining the presence of quantum correlation states in
experimental measurements of the Bell operator. Finally, we compare our
calculations with experimental data [doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.73.062110] and give a
noise amount estimation in the photon polarization state considered there.


title:
Structure of skimmed milk during ultrafiltration process probed by
  in-situ small angle X-ray scattering

abstract:
  The stability and mechanism underlying the formation of deposits of casein
micelles during ultrafiltration process were investigated by small-angle (SAXS)
and ultra small-angle X-ray scattering(USAXS) which allowed us to probe the
structure of skimmed milk on an exceptionally wide range of length scales from
1 to 2000 nm. Frontal filtration cells were specially developed to probe the
microstructure of deposits by SAXS during the separation process. The results
revealed two characteristic length scales for the equilibrium structure with
radius of gyrations Rg, about 100 nm and 5.6 nm, pertaining to the globular
micelles and their non-globular internal structure respectively (Pignon et al.
2004). In-situ scattering measurements showed that the decrease of permeation
flows is directly related to the deformation and compression of the micelles in
the immediate vicinity of the membrane (figure 1). From absolute SAXS
intensities, the concentration of the micelles in the deposit can be deduced
reliably.


title: Structure of the SMC - Stellar component distribution from 2MASS data

abstract:
  The spatial distribution of the SMC stellar component is investigated from
2MASS data. The morphology of the different age populations is presented. The
center of the distribution is calculated and compared with previous
estimations. The rotation of the stellar content and possible consequence of
dark matter presence are discussed. The different stellar populations are
identified through a CMD diagram of the 2MASS data. Isopleth contour maps are
produced in every case, to reveal the spatial distribution. The derived density
profiles are discussed. The older stellar population follows an exponential
profile at projected diameters of about 5 kpc (~5 deg) for the major axis and
~4 kpc for the minor axis, centred at RA: 0h:51min, Dec: -73deg 7' (J2000.0).
The centre coordinates are found the same for all the different age population
maps and are in good accordance with the kinematical centre of the SMC. However
they are found considerably different from the coordinates of the centre of the
gas distribution. The fact that the older population found on an exponential
disk, gives evidence that the stellar content is rotating, with a possible
consequence of dark matter presence. The strong interactions between the MCs
and the MilkyWay might explain the difference in the distributions of the
stellar and gas components. The lack in the observed velocity element, that
implies absence of rotation, and contradicts with the consequences of
exponential profile of the stellar component, may also be a result of the
gravitational interactions.