title: Equivariant classification of 2-torus manifolds

abstract:
  A 2-torus manifold is a closed smooth manifold of dimension $n$ with an
effective action of a 2-torus group $(\Z_2)^n$ of rank $n$, and it is said to
be locally standard if it is locally isomorphic to a faithful representation of
$(\Z_2)^n$ on $\R^n$. This paper studies the equivariant classification of
locally standard 2-torus manifolds.


title:
Injectivity on the set of conjugacy classes of some monomorphisms
  between Artin groups

abstract:
  There are well-known monomorphisms between the Artin groups of finite type
$\arA_n$, $\arB_n=\arC_n$ and affine type $\tilde \arA_{n-1}$,
$\tilde\arC_{n-1}$. The Artin group $A(\arA_n)$ is isomorphic to the
$(n+1)$-strand braid group $B_{n+1}$, and the other three Artin groups are
isomorphic to some subgroups of $B_{n+1}$. The inclusions between these
subgroups yield monomorphisms $A(\arB_n)\to A(\arA_n)$, $A(\tilde
\arA_{n-1})\to A(\arB_n)$ and $A(\tilde \arC_{n-1})\to A(\arB_n)$. There are
another type of monomorphisms $A(\arB_d)\to A(\arA_{md-1})$, $A(\arB_d)\to
A(\arB_{md})$ and $A(\arB_d)\to A(\arA_{md})$ which are induced by isomorphisms
between Artin groups of type $\arB$ and centralizers of periodic braids.
  In this paper, we show that the monomorphisms $A(\arB_d)\to A(\arA_{md-1})$,
$A(\arB_d)\to A(\arB_{md})$ and $A(\arB_d)\to A(\arA_{md})$ induce injective
functions on the set of conjugacy classes, and that none of the monomorphisms
$A(\arB_n)\to A(\arA_n)$, $A(\tilde \arA_{n-1})\to A(\arB_n)$ and $A(\tilde
\arC_{n-1})\to A(\arB_n)$ does so.


title: A scheme for amplification and discrimination of photons

abstract:
  A scheme for exploring photon number amplification and discrimination is
presented based on the interaction of a large number of two-level atoms with a
single mode radiation field. The fact that the total number of photons and
atoms in the excited states is a constant under time evolution in Dicke model
is exploited to rearrange the atom-photon numbers. Three significant
predictions emerge from our study: Threshold time for initial exposure to
photons, time of perception (time of maximum detection probability), and
discrimination of first few photon states.


title:
Global existence for the kinetic chemotaxis model without pointwise
  memory effects, and including internal variables

abstract:
  This paper is concerned with the kinetic model of Othmer-Dunbar-Alt for
bacterial motion. Following a previous work, we apply the dispersion and
Strichartz estimates to prove global existence under several borderline growth
assumptions on the turning kernel. In particular we study the kinetic model
with internal variables taking into account the complex molecular network
inside the cell.


title: The Stength of Weak cooperation: A Case Study on Flickr

abstract:
  Web 2.0 works with the principle of weak cooperation, where a huge amount of
individual contributions build solid and structured sources of data. In this
paper, we detail the main properties of this weak cooperation by illustrating
them on the photo publication website Flickr, showing the variety of uses
producing a rich content and the various procedures devised by Flickr users
themselves to select quality. We underlined the interaction between small and
heavy users as a specific form of collective production in large social
networks communities. We also give the main statistics on the (5M-users,
150M-photos) data basis we worked on for this study, collected from Flickr
website using the public API.


title:
Tables of Hyperonic Matter Equation of State for Core-Collapse
  Supernovae

abstract:
  We present sets of equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter including
hyperons using an SU_f(3) extended relativistic mean field (RMF) model with a
wide coverage of density, temperature, and charge fraction for numerical
simulations of core collapse supernovae. Coupling constants of Sigma and Xi
hyperons with the sigma meson are determined to fit the hyperon potential
depths in nuclear matter, U_Sigma(rho_0) ~ +30 MeV and U_Xi(rho_0) ~ -15 MeV,
which are suggested from recent analyses of hyperon production reactions. At
low densities, the EOS of uniform matter is connected with the EOS by Shen et
al., in which formation of finite nuclei is included in the Thomas-Fermi
approximation. In the present EOS, the maximum mass of neutron stars decreases
from 2.17 M_sun (Ne mu) to 1.63 M_sun (NYe mu) when hyperons are included. In a
spherical, adiabatic collapse of a 15$M_\odot$ star by the hydrodynamics
without neutrino transfer, hyperon effects are found to be small, since the
temperature and density do not reach the region of hyperon mixture, where the
hyperon fraction is above 1 % (T > 40 MeV or rho_B > 0.4 fm^{-3}).


title:
Statistics of harmonic measure and winding of critical curves from
  conformal field theory

abstract:
  Fractal geometry of random curves appearing in the scaling limit of critical
two-dimensional statistical systems is characterized by their harmonic measure
and winding angle. The former is the measure of the jaggedness of the curves
while the latter quantifies their tendency to form logarithmic spirals. We show
how these characteristics are related to local operators of conformal field
theory and how they can be computed using conformal invariance of critical
systems with central charge $c \leqslant 1$.


title: Statefinder Diagnostic for Dilaton Dark Energy

abstract:
  Statefinder diagnostic is a useful method which can differ one dark energy
model from the others. The Statefinder pair $\{r, s\}$ is algebraically related
to the equation of state of dark energy and its first time derivative. We apply
in this paper this method to the dilaton dark energy model based on Weyl-Scaled
induced gravitational theory. We investigate the effect of the coupling between
matter and dilaton when the potential of dilaton field is taken as the Mexican
hat form. We find that the evolving trajectory of our model in the $r-s$
diagram is quite different from those of other dark energy models.


title: Statefinder Diagnostic for Born-Infeld Type Dark Energy Model

abstract:
  Using a new method--statefinder diagnostic which can differ one dark energy
model from the others, we investigate in this letter the dynamics of
Born-Infeld(B-I) type dark energy model. The evolutive trajectory of B-I type
dark energy with Mexican hat potential model with respect to $e-folding$ time
$N$ is shown in the $r(s)$ diagram. When the parameter of noncanonical kinetic
energy term $\eta\to0$ or kinetic energy $\dot{\phi}^2\to0$, B-I type dark
energy(K-essence) model reduces to Quintessence model or $\Lambda$CDM model
corresponding to the statefinder pair $\{r, s\}$=$\{1, 0\}$ respectively. As a
result, the the evolutive trajectory of our model in the $r(s)$ diagram in
Mexican hat potential is quite different from those of other dark energy
models.


title: Bregman distances and Klee sets

abstract:
  In 1960, Klee showed that a subset of a Euclidean space must be a singleton
provided that each point in the space has a unique farthest point in the set.
This classical result has received much attention; in fact, the Hilbert space
version is a famous open problem. In this paper, we consider Klee sets from a
new perspective. Rather than measuring distance induced by a norm, we focus on
the case when distance is meant in the sense of Bregman, i.e., induced by a
convex function. When the convex function has sufficiently nice properties,
then - analogously to the Euclidean distance case - every Klee set must be a
singleton. We provide two proofs of this result, based on Monotone Operator
Theory and on Nonsmooth Analysis. The latter approach leads to results that
complement work by Hiriart-Urruty on the Euclidean case.


title: Improvement of graph theory Wei`s inequality

abstract: In this paper we give a generalization of a result of Wei.


title: Transonic Potential Flows in A Convergent--Divergent Approximate Nozzle

abstract:
  In this paper we prove existence, uniqueness and regularity of certain
perturbed (subsonic--supersonic) transonic potential flows in a two-dimensional
Riemannian manifold with "convergent-divergent" metric, which is an approximate
model of the de Laval nozzle in aerodynamics. The result indicates that
transonic flows obtained by quasi-one-dimensional flow model in fluid dynamics
are stable with respect to the perturbation of the velocity potential function
at the entry (i.e., tangential velocity along the entry) of the nozzle. The
proof is based upon linear theory of elliptic-hyperbolic mixed type equations
in physical space and a nonlinear iteration method.


title: Solitons and affine projectively flat surfaces

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to give a local description of affine surfaces,
whose induced Blaschke structure is projectively flat. We show that such affine
surfaces with constant Gauss affine curvature and indefinite induced Blaschke
metric are described by soliton equations.


title: Disorder induced transverse delocalisation in ropes of carbon nanotubes

abstract:
  A rope of carbon nanotubes is constituted of an array of parallel single wall
nanotubes with nearly identical diameters. In most cases the individual
nanotubes within a rope have different helicities and 1/3 of them are metallic.
In the absence of disorder within the tubes, the intertube electronic transfer
is negligeable because of the longitudinal wave vector mismatch between
neighboring tubes of different helicities. The rope can then be considered as a
number of parallel independent ballistic nanotubes. On the other hand, the
presence of disorder within the tubes favors the intertube electronic transfer.
This is first shown using a very simple model where disorder is treated
perturbatively inspired by the work in reference \cite{maarouf00}.
  We then present numerical simulations on a tight binding model of a rope.
Disorder induced transverse delocalisation shows up as a spectacular increase
of the sensitivity to the transverse boundary conditions in the presence of
small disorder. This is accompanied by an increase of the longitudinal
localisation length. Implications on the nature of electronic transport within
a rope of carbon nanotubes are discussed.


title: The capacity of transmitting atomic qubit with light

abstract:
  The quantum information transfer between a single photon and a two-level atom
is considered as a part of a quantum channel. The channel is a degradable
channel even when there are decays of the atomic excited state and the single
photon state, as far as the total excitation of the combined initial state does
not exceed 1. The single letter formula for quantum capacity is obtained.


title:
Complete set of polarization transfer coefficients for the ${}^{3}{\rm
  He}(p,n)$ reaction at 346 MeV and 0 degrees

abstract:
  We report measurements of the cross-section and a complete set of
polarization transfer coefficients for the ${}^{3}{\rm He}(p,n)$ reaction at a
bombarding energy $T_p$ = 346 MeV and a reaction angle $\theta_{\rm lab}$ =
$0^{\circ}$.
  The data are compared with the corresponding free nucleon-nucleon values on
the basis of the predominance of quasi-elastic scattering processes.
  Significant discrepancies have been observed in the polarization transfer
$D_{LL}(0^{\circ})$, which are presumably the result of the three-proton $T$ =
3/2 resonance.
  The spin--parity of the resonance is estimated to be $1/2^-$, and the
distribution is consistent with previous results obtained for the same reaction
at $T_p$ = 48.8 MeV.


title:
Hilbert functions of multigraded algebras, mixed multiplicities of
  ideals and their applications

abstract:
  This paper is a survey on major results on Hilbert functions of multigraded
algebras and mixed multiplicities of ideals, including their applications to
the computation of Milnor numbers of complex analytic hypersurfaces with
isolated singularity, multiplicities of blowup algebras and mixed volumes of
polytopes.


title:
Perturbation waves in proteins and protein networks: Applications of
  percolation and game theories in signaling and drug design

abstract:
  The network paradigm is increasingly used to describe the dynamics of complex
systems. Here we review the current results and propose future development
areas in the assessment of perturbation waves, i.e. propagating structural
changes in amino acid networks building individual protein molecules and in
protein-protein interaction networks (interactomes). We assess the
possibilities and critically review the initial attempts for the application of
game theory to the often rather complicated process, when two protein molecules
approach each other, mutually adjust their conformations via multiple
communication steps and finally, bind to each other. We also summarize
available data on the application of percolation theory for the prediction of
amino acid network- and interactome-dynamics. Furthermore, we give an overview
of the dissection of signals and noise in the cellular context of various
perturbations. Finally, we propose possible applications of the reviewed
methodologies in drug design.

categories: q-bio.MN nlin.AO physics.bio-ph q-bio.BM


title:
Differential cross section and analyzing power of the ${\vec
  p}p{\to}pp{\pi}^0$ reaction at a beam energy of 390 MeV

abstract:
  The differential cross section and analyzing power $A_y$ of the ${\vec
p}p{\to}pp{\pi}^0$ reaction have been measured at RCNP in coplanar geometry at
a beam energy of 390 MeV and the dependence on both the pion emission angle and
the relative momentum of the final protons have been extracted. The angular
variation of Ay for the large values of the relative momentum studied here
shows that this is primarily an effect of the interference of pion s- and
p-waves and this interference can also explain the momentum dependence. Within
the framework of a very simple model, these results would suggest that the
pion-production operator has a significant long-range component.


title: An Infinite Dimensional Approach to the Third Fundamental Theorem of Lie

abstract:
  We revisit the third fundamental theorem of Lie (Lie III) for finite
dimensional Lie algebras in the context of infinite dimensional matrices.


title: On fixed point sets and Lefschetz modules for sporadic simple groups

abstract:
  We consider 2-local geometries and other subgroup complexes for sporadic
simple groups. For six groups, the fixed point set of a noncentral involution
is shown to be equivariantly homotopy equivalent to a standard geometry for the
component of the centralizer. For odd primes, fixed point sets are computed for
sporadic groups having an extraspecial Sylow p-subgroup of order p^3, acting on
the complex of those p-radical subgroups containing a p-central element in
their centers. Vertices for summands of the associated reduced Lefschetz
modules are described.


title:
Gauge-invariant description of some (2+1)-dimensional integrable
  nonlinear evolution equations

abstract:
  New manifestly gauge-invariant forms of two-dimensional generalized
dispersive long-wave and Nizhnik-Veselov-Novikov systems of integrable
nonlinear equations are presented. It is shown how in different gauges from
such forms famous two-dimensional generalization of dispersive long-wave system
of equations, Nizhnik-Veselov-Novikov and modified Nizhnik-Veselov-Novikov
equations and other known and new integrable nonlinear equations arise.
Miura-type transformations between nonlinear equations in different gauges are
considered.


title:
Solution of a model of SAW's with multiple monomers per site on the
  Husimi lattice

abstract:
  We solve a model of self-avoiding walks which allows for a site to be visited
up to two times by the walk on the Husimi lattice. This model is inspired in
the Domb-Joyce model and was proposed to describe the collapse transition of
polymers with one-site interactions only. We consider the version in which
immediate self-reversals of the walk are forbidden (RF model). The phase
diagram we obtain for the grand-canonical version of the model is similar to
the one found in the solution of the Bethe lattice, with two distinct
polymerized phases, a tricritical point and a critical endpoint.


title: Stable symmetries of plane sextics

abstract:
  We classify projective symmetries of irreducible plane sextics with simple
singularities which are stable under equivariant deformations. We also outline
a connection between order~2 stable symmetries and maximal trigonal curves.


title:
A Multiscale Study of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Properties in
  Galaxies

abstract:
  In the present contribution, I summarize a systematic study of ISO and
Spitzer mid-IR spectra of Galactic regions and star forming galaxies. This
study quantifies the relative variations of the main aromatic features inside
spatially resolved objects as well as among the integrated spectra of 50
objects. Our analysis implies that the properties of the PAHs are remarkably
universal throughout our sample and at different spatial scales. In addition,
the relative variations of the band ratios, as large as one order of magnitude,
are mainly controled by the fraction of ionized PAHs. In particular, I show
that we can rule out both the modification of the PAH size distribution and the
mid-IR extinction, as an explanation of these variations. High values of the
I(6.2)/I(11.3) ratio are found to be associated with the far-UV illuminated
surface of PDRs, at the scale of an interstellar cloud, and associated with
star formation activity, at the scale of a galaxy. Using a few well-studied
Galactic regions, we provide an empirical relation between the I(6.2)/I(11.3)
ratio and the ionization/recombination ratio G0/ne. Finally, I show that these
trends are consistent with the detailed modeling of the PAH emission within
photodissociation regions, taking into account the radiative transfer, the
stochastic heating and the charge exchange between gas and dust.


title: On non Fundamental Group Equivalent Surfaces

abstract:
  In this paper we present an example of two polarized K3 surfaces which are
not Fundamental Group Equivalent (their fundamental groups of the complement of
the branch curves are not isomorphic; denoted by FGE) but the fundamental
groups of their related Galois covers are isomorphic. For each surface, we
consider a generic projection to CP^2 and a degenerations of the surface into a
union of planes - the "pillow" degeneration for the non-prime surface and the
"magician" degeneration for the prime surface. We compute the Braid Monodromy
Factorization (BMF) of the branch curve of each projected surface, using the
related degenerations. By these factorizations, we compute the above
fundamental groups. It is known that the two surfaces are not in the same
component of the Hilbert scheme of linearly embedded K3 surfaces. Here we prove
that furthermore they are not FGE equivalent, and thus they are not of the same
Braid Monodromy Type (BMT) (which implies that they are not a projective
deformation of each other


title:
High-resolution spectroscopy of the intermediate polar EX Hydrae. I.
  Kinematic study and Roche tomography

abstract:
  EX Hya is one of the few double-lined eclipsing cataclysmic variables that
allow an accurate measurement of the binary masses. We analyze orbital
phase-resolved UVES/ VLT high resolution spectroscopic observations of EX Hya
with the aims of deriving the binary masses and obtaining a tomographic image
of the illuminated secondary star. We present a novel method for determining
the binary parameters by directly fitting an emission model of the illuminated
secondary star to the phase-resolved line profiles of NaI lambda 8183/ 8195 in
absorption and emission and CaII lambda 8498 in emission. The fit to the NaI
and CaII line profiles, combined with the published K1, yields a white-dwarf
mass M1 = 0.790 +/- 0.026 Msun, a secondary mass M2 = 0.108 +/- 0.008 Msun, and
a velocity amplitude of the secondary star K2 = 432.4 +/- 4.8 km s-1. The
secondary is of spectral type dM5.5 +/- 0.5 and has an absolute K-band
magnitude of MK = 8.8. Its Roche radius places it on or very close to the main
sequence of low-mass stars. It differs from a main sequence star by its
illuminated hemisphere that faces the white dwarf. The secondary star
contributes only 5% to the observed spin-phase averaged flux at 7500 A, 7.5% at
8200 A, and 37% in the K-band. We present images of the secondary star in the
light of the NaI doublet and the CaII emission line derived with a simplified
version of Roche tomography. We have discovered narrow spectral lines from the
secondary star in EX Hya that delineate its orbital motion and allow us to
derive accurate masses of both components. The primary mass significantly
exceeds recently published values. The secondary is a low-mass main sequence
star that displays a rich emission line spectrum on its illuminated side, but
lacks chromospheric emission on its dark side.


title: Chandra HETG Spectra of SN 1987A at 20 years

abstract:
  We have undertaken deep, high-resolution observations of SN 1987A at ~20
years after its explosion with the Chandra HETG and LETG spectrometers. Here we
present the HETG X-ray spectra of SN 1987A having unprecedented spectral
resolution and signal-to-noise in the 6 A to 20 A bandpass, which includes the
H-like and He-like lines of Si, Mg, Ne, as well as O VIII lines and bright Fe
XVII lines. In joint analysis with LETG data, we find that there has been a
significant decrease from 2004 to 2007 in the average temperature of the
highest temperature component of the shocked-plasma emission. Model fitting of
the profiles of individual HETG lines yields bulk kinematic velocities of the
higher-Z ions, Mg and Si, that are significantly lower than those inferred from
the LETG 2004 observations.


title:
Low-frequency $K^{\pi}=0^{+}$ modes in deformed neutron-rich nuclei:
  Pairing- and $\beta$-vibrational modes of neutron

abstract:
  Low-frequency $K^{\pi}=0^{+}$ states in deformed neutron-rich nuclei are
investigated by means of the quasiparticle-random-phase approximation based on
the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov formalism in the coordinate space. We have obtained
the very strongly collective $K^{\pi}=0^{+}$ modes not only in neutron-rich Mg
isotope but also in Cr and Fe isotopes in N=40 region, where the onset of
nuclear deformation has been discussed. It is found that the spatially extended
structure of neutron quasiparticle wave functions around the Fermi level brings
about a striking enhancement of the transition strengths. It is also found that
the fluctuation of the pairing field plays an important role in generating
coherence among two-quasiparticle excitations of neutron.


title: Partial profiles of quasi-complete graphs

abstract:
  We enumerate graph homomorphisms to quasi-complete graphs, i.e., graphs
obtained from complete graphs by removing one edge. The source graphs are
complete graphs, quasi-complete graphs, cycles, paths, wheels and broken
wheels. These enumerations give rise to sequences of integers with two indices;
one of the indices is the number of vertices of the source graph, and the other
index is the number of vertices of the target graph.


title:
Jet Riemann-Lagrange Geometry and Some Applications in Theoretical
  Biology

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to construct a natural Riemann-Lagrange differential
geometry on 1-jet spaces, in the sense of nonlinear connections, generalized
Cartan connections, d-torsions, d-curvatures, jet electromagnetic fields and
jet electromagnetic Yang-Mills energies, starting from some given nonlinear
evolution ODEs systems modelling biologic phenomena like the cancer cell
population model or the infection by human immunodeficiency virus-type 1
(HIV-1) model.


title: Two-dimensional metrics admitting precisely one projective vector field

abstract:
  We give a complete list of two-dimensional metrics that admit an essential
projective vector field. This solves a problem explicitly posed by Sophus Lie
in 1882.


title:
On the Frame Error Rate of Transmission Schemes on Quasi-Static Fading
  Channels

abstract:
  It is known that the frame error rate of turbo codes on quasi-static fading
channels can be accurately approximated using the convergence threshold of the
corresponding iterative decoder. This paper considers quasi-static fading
channels and demonstrates that non-iterative schemes can also be characterized
by a similar threshold based on which their frame error rate can be readily
estimated. In particular, we show that this threshold is a function of the
probability of successful frame detection in additive white Gaussian noise,
normalized by the squared instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio. We apply our
approach to uncoded binary phase shift keying, convolutional coding and turbo
coding and demonstrate that the approximated frame error rate is within 0.4 dB
of the simulation results. Finally, we introduce performance evaluation plots
to explore the impact of the frame size on the performance of the schemes under
investigation.


title: Appendix: Dini theorem for pseudo-Riemannian metrics

abstract:
  We construct local normal forms of pseudo-Riemannian projectively equivalent
2-dimensional metrics.


title: Spectral Theory for Discrete Lapacians

abstract:
  We give the spectral representation for a class of selfadjoint discrete graph
Laplacians $\Delta$, with $\Delta$ depending on a chosen graph $G$ and a
conductance function $c$ defined on the edges of $G$. We show that the spectral
representations for $\Delta$ fall in two model classes, (1) tree-graphs with
$N$-adic branching laws, and (2) lattice graphs. We show that the spectral
theory of the first class may be computed with the use of rank-one
perturbations of the real part of the unilateral shift, while the second is
analogously built up with the use of the bilateral shift. We further analyze
the effect on spectra of the conductance function $c$: How the spectral
representation of $\Delta$ depends on $c$.
  Using $\Delta_G$, we introduce a resistance metric, and we show that it
embeds isometrically into an energy Hilbert space. We introduce an associated
random walk and we calculate return probabilities, and a path counting number.


title:
Spontaneous Breaking of Rotational Symmetry in Rotating Solitons - a Toy
  Model of Excited Nucleons with High Angular Momentum

abstract:
  We study the phenomenon of spontaneous breaking of rotational symmetry (SBRS)
in the rotating solutions of two types of baby Skyrme models. In the first the
domain is a two-sphere and in the other, the Skyrmions are confined to the
interior of a unit disk. Numerical full-field results show that when the
angular momentum of the Skyrmions increases above a certain critical value, the
rotational symmetry of the solutions is broken and the minimal energy
configurations become less symmetric. We propose a possible mechanism as to why
SBRS is present in the rotating solutions of these models, while it is not
observed in the `usual' baby Skyrme model. Our results might be relevant for a
qualitative understanding of the non-spherical deformation of excited nucleons
with high orbital angular momentum.


title: Algebraic geometry codes from higher dimensional varieties

abstract:
  This paper is a general survey of literature on Goppa-type codes from higher
dimensional algebraic varieties. The construction and several techniques for
estimating the minimum distance are described first. Codes from various classes
of varieties, including Hermitian hypersurfaces, Grassmannians, flag varieties,
ruled surfaces over curves, and Deligne-Lusztig varieties are considered.
Connections with the theories of toric codes and order domains are also briefly
indicated.


title: Improved constraints on non-Newtonian forces at 10 microns

abstract:
  Several recent theories suggest that light moduli or particles in "large"
extra dimensions could mediate macroscopic forces exceeding gravitational
strength at length scales below a millimeter. Such new forces can be
parameterized as a Yukawa-type correction to the Newtonian potential of
strength $\alpha$ relative to gravity and range $\lambda$. To extend the search
for such new physics we have improved our apparatus utilizing cryogenic
micro-cantilevers capable of measuring attonewton forces, which now includes a
switchable magnetic force for calibration. Our most recent experimental
constraints on Yukawa-type deviations from Newtonian gravity are more than
three times as stringent as our previously published results, and represent the
best bound in the range of 5 - 15 microns, with a 95 percent confidence
exclusion of forces with $|\alpha| > 14,000$ at $\lambda$ = 10 microns.


title:
Discontinuous current-phase relations in small 1D Josephson junction
  arrays

abstract:
  We study the Josephson effect in small one-dimensional (1D) Josephson
junction arrays. For weak Josephson tunneling, topologically different regions
in the charge-stability diagram generate distinct current-phase relationships
(I$\Phi$). We present results for a three-junction system in the vicinity of
charge degeneracy lines and triple points. We explain the generalization to
larger arrays, show that discontinuities of the I$\Phi$ at phase $\pi$ persist
and that, at maximum degeneracy, the problem can be mapped to a tight-binding
model providing analytical results for arbitrary system size.


title: Trace Ideals for Fourier Integral Operators with Non-Smooth Symbols III

abstract:
  We consider Fourier integral operators with symbols in modulation spaces and
non-smooth phase functions whose second orders of derivatives belong to certain
types of modulation space. We establish continuity and Schatten-von Neumann
properties of such operators when acting on modulation spaces.


title: Ergodic Subequivalence Relations Induced by a Bernoulli Action

abstract:
  Let $\Gamma$ be a countable group and denote by $\Cal S$ the equivalence
relation induced by the Bernoulli action $\Gamma\curvearrowright
[0,1]^{\Gamma}$, where $[0,1]^{\Gamma}$ is endowed with the product Lebesgue
measure. We prove that for any subequivalence relation $\Cal R$ of $\Cal S$,
there exists a partition $\{X_i\}_{i\geq 0}$ of $[0,1]^{\Gamma}$ with $\Cal
R$-invariant measurable sets such that $\Cal R_{|X_0}$ is hyperfinite and $\Cal
R_{|X_i}$ is strongly ergodic (hence ergodic), for every $i\geq 1$.


title:
VLT photometry in the Antlia Cluster: the giant ellipticals NGC 3258 and
  NGC 3268 and their globular cluster systems

abstract:
  We present a deep VLT photometry in the regions surrounding the two dominant
galaxies of the Antlia cluster, the giant ellipticals NGC 3258 and NGC 3268. We
construct the luminosity functions of their globular cluster systems (GCSs) and
determine their distances through the turn-over magnitudes. These distances are
in good agreement with those obtained by the SBF method. There is some, but not
conclusive, evidence that the distance to NGC 3268 is larger by several Mpc.
The GCSs colour distributions are bimodal but the brightest globular clusters
(GCs) show a unimodal distribution with an intermediate colour peak. The radial
distributions of both GCSs are well fitted by de Vaucouleurs laws up to 5
arcmin. Red GCs present a steeper radial density profile than the blue GCs, and
follow closely the galaxies' brightness profiles. Total GC populations are
estimated to be about 6000+/-150 GCs in NGC 3258 and 4750+/-150 GCs in NGC
3268. We discuss the possible existence of GCs in a field located between the
two giant galaxies (intracluster GCs). Their luminosity functions and number
densities are consistent with the two GCSs overlapping in projection.


title:
Properties of Consensus Methods for Inferring Species Trees from Gene
  Trees

abstract:
  Consensus methods provide a useful strategy for combining information from a
collection of gene trees. An important application of consensus methods is to
combine gene trees to estimate a species tree. To investigate the theoretical
properties of consensus trees that would be obtained from large numbers of loci
evolving according to a basic evolutionary model, we construct consensus trees
from independent gene trees that occur in proportion to gene tree probabilities
derived from coalescent theory. We consider majority-rule, rooted triple (R*),
and greedy consensus trees constructed from known gene trees, both in the
asymptotic case as numbers of gene trees approach infinity and for finite
numbers of genes. Our results show that for some combinations of species tree
branch lengths, increasing the number of independent loci can make the
majority-rule consensus tree more likely to be at least partially unresolved
and the greedy consensus tree less likely to match the species tree. However,
the probability that the R* consensus tree has the species tree topology
approaches 1 as the number of gene trees approaches infinity. Although the
greedy consensus algorithm can be the quickest to converge on the correct
species tree when increasing the number of gene trees, it can also be
positively misleading. The majority-rule consensus tree is not a misleading
estimator of the species tree topology, and the R* consensus tree is a
statistically consistent estimator of the species tree topology. Our results
therefore suggest a method for using multiple loci to infer the species tree
topology, even when it is discordant with the most likely gene tree.


title: Quasiconformal mappings and singularity of boundary distortion

abstract:
  We extend a well-known theorem by Jones and Makarov [JM] on the singularity
of boundary distortion of planar conformal mappings. We use a different
technique to recover the previous result and, moreover, generalize the result
for quasiconformal mappings of the unit ball $\B^n\subset \mathbb{R}^n$, $n\ge
2$. We also establish an estimate on the Hausdorff (gauge) dimension of the
boundary of the image domain outside an exceptional set of given size on the
sphere $\partial \B^n$. Furthermore, we show that this estimate is essentially
sharp.
  [JM] P. W. Jones and N. Makarov: Density properties of harmonic measure. Ann.
Math. 142 (1995), 427--455.


title:
An atomistic quantum transport solver with dephasing for field-effect
  transistors

abstract:
  Extended Huckel theory (EHT) along with NEGF (Non-equilibrium Green's
function formalism) has been used for modeling coherent transport through
molecules. Incorporating dephasing has been proposed to theoretically reproduce
experimental characteristics for such devices. These elastic and inelastic
dephasing effects are expected to be important in quantum devices with the
feature size around 10nm, and hence an efficient and versatile solver is
needed. This model should have flexibility to be applied to a wide range of
nano-scale devices, along with 3D electrostatics, for arbitrary shaped contacts
and surface roughness. We report one such EHT-NEGF solver with dephasing by
self-consistent Born approximation (SCBA). 3D electrostatics is included using
a finite-element scheme. The model is applied to a single wall carbon nanotube
(CNT) cross-bar structure with a C60 molecule as the active channel. Without
dephasing, a negative differential resistance (NDR) peak appears when the C60
lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level crosses a van Hove singularity in the
1D density of states of the metallic CNTs acting as contacts. This NDR
diminishes with increasing dephasing in the channel as expected.


title:
Constraints on the generalized tachyon field models from latest
  observational data

abstract:
  We consider constraints on generalized tachyon field (GTF) models from latest
observational data (including 182 gold SNIa data, the shift parameter, and the
acoustic scale). We obtain at 68.3% confidence level $\Omega_{\rm
m}=0.37\pm0.01$, $k_0=0.09^{+0.04}_{-0.03}$, $\alpha=1.8^{+7.4}_{-0.7}$ (the
best-fit values of the parameters) and $z_{q=0}\sim 0.47-0.51$ (the
transitional redshift) for GTF as dark energy component only;
$k_0=0.21^{+0.20}_{-0.18}$, $\alpha=0.57\pm0.01$ and $z_{q=0}\sim 0.49-0.68$
for GTF as unification of dark energy and dark matter. In both cases, GTF
evolves like dark matter in the early universe. By applying model-comparison
statistics and test with independent $H(z)$ data, we find GTF dark energy
scenario is favored over the $\Lambda$CDM model, and the $\Lambda$CDM model is
favored over GTF unified dark matter by the combined data. For GTF as dark
energy component, the fluctuations of matter density is consistent with the
growth of linear density perturbations. For GTF unified dark matter, the growth
of GTF density fluctuations grow more slowly for $a\to1$, meaning GTF do not
behave as classical $\Lambda$CDM scenarios.


title: Extent of pollution in planet-bearing stars

abstract:
  (abridged) Search for planets around main-sequence (MS) stars more massive
than the Sun is hindered by their hot and rapidly spinning atmospheres. This
obstacle has been sidestepped by radial-velocity surveys of those stars on
their post-MS evolutionary track (G sub-giant and giant stars). Preliminary
observational findings suggest a deficiency of short-period hot Jupiters around
the observed post MS stars, although the total fraction of them with known
planets appears to increase with their mass. Here we consider the possibility
that some very close- in gas giants or a population of rocky planets may have
either undergone orbital decay or been engulfed by the expanding envelope of
their intermediate-mass host stars. If such events occur during or shortly
after those stars' main sequence evolution when their convection zone remains
relatively shallow, their surface metallicity can be significantly enhanced by
the consumption of one or more gas giants. We show that stars with enriched
veneer and lower-metallicity interior follow slightly modified evolution tracks
as those with the same high surface and interior metallicity. As an example, we
consider HD149026, a marginal post MS 1.3 Msun star. We suggest that its
observed high (nearly twice solar) metallicity may be confined to the surface
layer as a consequence of pollution by the accretion of either a planet similar
to its known 2.7-day-period Saturn-mass planet, which has a 70 Mearth compact
core, or a population of smaller mass planets with a comparable total amount of
heavy elements. It is shown that an enhancement in surface metallicity leads to
a reduction in effective temperature, in increase in radius and a net decrease
in luminosity. The effects of such an enhancement are not negligible in the
determinations of the planet's radius based on the transit light curves.


title: On Maximizing Coverage in Gaussian Relay Networks

abstract:
  Results for Gaussian relay channels typically focus on maximizing
transmission rates for given locations of the source, relay and destination. We
introduce an alternative perspective, where the objective is maximizing
coverage for a given rate. The new objective captures the problem of how to
deploy relays to provide a given level of service to a particular geographic
area, where the relay locations become a design parameter that can be
optimized. We evaluate the decode and forward (DF) and compress and forward
(CF) strategies for the relay channel with respect to the new objective of
maximizing coverage. When the objective is maximizing rate, different locations
of the destination favor different strategies. When the objective is coverage
for a given rate, and the relay is able to decode, DF is uniformly superior in
that it provides coverage at any point served by CF. When the channel model is
modified to include random fading, we show that the monotone ordering of
coverage regions is not always maintained. While the coverage provided by DF is
sensitive to changes in the location of the relay and the path loss exponent,
CF exhibits a more graceful degradation with respect to such changes. The
techniques used to approximate coverage regions are new and may be of
independent interest.


title:
The galactic stellar nucleation by globular cluster interactions in
  dwarf galaxies

abstract:
  Dinamical Friction Problem is a long-standing dilemma about globular
clusters(hereafter,GCs) belonging to dwarf galaxies. The GCs are strongly
affected by dynamical friction in dwarf galaxies, and presumed to fall into the
galactic center. But GCs do exist in dwarf galaxies. Recentry, a new solution
was proposed. If dwarf galaxies have a cored dark matter halo, in which case
the effect of dynamical friction will be weaken considerably, and GCs are able
to survive beyond the age of the universe. In this study, we discussed why does
a constant density cored halo cease dynamical friction, by means of N-body
simulations.


title:
3D Computer Simulations of Pulsatile Human Blood Flows in Vessels and in
  the Aortic Arch: Investigation of Non-Newtonian Characteristics of Human
  Blood

abstract:
  Methods of Computational Fluid Dynamics are applied to simulate pulsatile
blood flow in human vessels and in the aortic arch. The non-Newtonian behaviour
of the human blood is investigated in simple vessels of actual size. A detailed
time-dependent mathematical convergence test has been carried out. The
realistic pulsatile flow is used in all simulations. Results of computer
simulations of the blood flow in vessels of two different geometries are
presented. For pressure, strain rate and velocity component distributions we
found significant disagreements between our results obtained with realistic
non-Newtonian treatment of human blood and widely used method in literature: a
simple Newtonian approximation. A significant increase of the strain rate and,
as a result, wall sear stress distribution, is found in the region of the
aortic arch. We consider this result as theoretical evidence that supports
existing clinical observations and those models not using non-Newtonian
treatment underestimate the risk of disruption to the human vascular system.


title: VERITAS Observations of the gamma-Ray Binary LS I +61 303

abstract:
  LS I +61 303 is one of only a few high-mass X-ray binaries currently detected
at high significance in very high energy gamma-rays. The system was observed
over several orbital cycles (between September 2006 and February 2007) with the
VERITAS array of imaging air-Cherenkov telescopes. A signal of gamma-rays with
energies above 300 GeV is found with a statistical significance of 8.4 standard
deviations. The detected flux is measured to be strongly variable; the maximum
flux is found during most orbital cycles at apastron. The energy spectrum for
the period of maximum emission can be characterized by a power law with a
photon index of Gamma=2.40+-0.16_stat+-0.2_sys and a flux above 300 GeV
corresponding to 15-20% of the flux from the Crab Nebula.


title: Quantum Stirring in low dimensional devices

abstract:
  A circulating current can be induced in the Fermi sea by displacing a
scatterer, or more generally by integrating a quantum pump into a closed
circuit. The induced current may have either the same or the opposite sense
with respect to the "pushing" direction of the pump. We work out explicit
expressions for the associated geometric conductance using the Kubo-Dirac
monopoles picture, and illuminate the connection with the theory of adiabatic
passage in multiple path geometry.


title:
Improved optical mass tracer for galaxy clusters calibrated using weak
  lensing measurements

abstract:
  We develop an improved mass tracer for clusters of galaxies from optically
observed parameters, and calibrate the mass relation using weak gravitational
lensing measurements. We employ a sample of ~ 13,000 optically-selected
clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) maxBCG catalog, with
photometric redshifts in the range 0.1-0.3. The optical tracers we consider are
cluster richness, cluster luminosity, luminosity of the brightest cluster
galaxy (BCG), and combinations of these parameters. We measure the weak lensing
signal around stacked clusters as a function of the various tracers, and use it
to determine the tracer with the least amount of scatter. We further use the
weak lensing data to calibrate the mass normalization. We find that the best
mass estimator for massive clusters is a combination of cluster richness,
N_{200}, and the luminosity of the brightest cluster galaxy, L_{BCG}:
M_{200\bar{\rho}} = (1.27 +/- 0.08) (N_{200}/20)^{1.20 +/- 0.09}
(L_{BCG}/\bar{L}_{BCG}(N_{200}))^{0.71 +/- 0.14} \times 10^{14} h^{-1} M_sun,
where $\bar{L}_{BCG}(N_{200})$ is the observed mean BCG luminosity at a given
richness. This improved mass tracer will enable the use of galaxy clusters as a
more powerful tool for constraining cosmological parameters.


title: Structure of the Nucleon and Roper Resonance with Diquark Correlations

abstract:
  We investigate the electric form factors of the nucleon and Roper resonance
using a quark-diquark model. We find that the charge radii of the nucleon and
Roper resonance are almost the same in size.


title:
QuanFou, QuanGlue, QuanOracle and QuanShi, Four Special Purpose Quantum
  Compilers

abstract:
  This paper introduces QuanFou v1.1, QuanGlue v1.1, QuanOracle v1.1, QuanShi
v1.1, four Java applications available for free. (Source code included in the
distribution.) Each application compiles a different kind of input quantum
evolution operator. The applications output a quantum circuit that equals the
input evolution operator.


title: Vector and axial-vector structures of the Theta^+

abstract:
  We present in this talk recent results of the vector and axial-vector
transitions of the nucleon to the pentaquark baryon Theta^{+}, based on the
SU(3) chiral quark-soliton model. The results are summarized as follows:
K^{*}-N-Theta vector and tensor coupling constants turn out to be g_{K^{*}N
Theta} = 0.81 and f_{K^{*}N Theta}=0.84, respectively, and the KN Theta
axial-vector coupling constant to be g_{A}^* = 0.05. As a result, the total
decay width for Theta^+ to NK becomes very small: Gamma_{Theta -> NK} = 0.71
MeV, which is consistent with the DIANA result Gamma_{Theta -> NK}=0.36 +- 0.11
MeV.


title: Riesz transforms for Jacobi expansions

abstract:
  We define and study Riesz transforms and conjugate Poisson integrals
associated with multi-dimensional Jacobi expansions.


title:
Java Application that Outputs Quantum Circuit for Some NAND Formula
  Evaluators

abstract:
  This paper introduces QuanFruit v1.1, a Java application available for free.
(Source code included in the distribution.) Recently, Farhi-Goldstone-Gutmann
(FGG) wrote a paper arXiv:quant-ph/0702144 that proposes a quantum algorithm
for evaluating NAND formulas. QuanFruit outputs a quantum circuit for the FFG
algorithm.


title: Generic and Typical Ranks of Three-Way Arrays

abstract:
  The concept of tensor rank, introduced in the twenties, has been popularized
at the beginning of the seventies. This has allowed to carry out Factor
Analysis on arrays with more than two indices. The generic rank may be seen as
an upper bound to the number of factors that can be extracted from a given
tensor. We explain in this short paper how to obtain numerically the generic
rank of tensors of arbitrary dimensions, and compare it with the rare algebraic
results already known at order three. In particular, we examine the cases of
symmetric tensors, tensors with symmetric matrix slices, or tensors with free
entries.


title: Sigma meson in pole-dominated QCD sum rules

abstract:
  The properties of $\sigma$(600) meson are studied using the QCD sum rules
(QSR) for the tetraquark operators. In the SU(3) chiral limit, we investigate
separately SU(3) singlet and octet tetraquark states as constituents of the
$\sigma$ meson, and discuss their roles for the classification of the light
scalar nonets, $\sigma, f_0, a_0$, and $\kappa$, as candidates of tetraquark
states. All our analyses are performed in the the suitable Borel window which
is indispensable to avoid the {\it pseudo peak} artifacts outside of the Borel
window. The acceptably wide Borel window originates after preparing the
favorable set up of a linear combination of operators and the inclusion of the
dimension 12 terms in the OPE. Taking into account for the possible large
width, we estimate masses for singlet and octet states as $700\sim 850$ MeV,
$600\sim 750$ MeV, respectively, although octet states have smaller overlap
with the pole than singlet state and may be strongly affected by low energy
scattering states. This splitting of singlet and octet states emerges from the
number of the $\bar{q}q$ annihilation diagrams, which include both color
singlet annihilation processes, $qq\bar{q}\bar{q}\to (q\bar{q})_1$ and color
octet annihilation processes, $qq\bar{q}\bar{q}\to G (q\bar{q})_8$. The mass
evaluation for the $\sigma$ meson gives the value around $600\sim800$ MeV which
is much smaller than the mass obtained by 2-quark correlators, $1.0\sim1.2$
GeV. This indicates $\sigma$ state has the large overlap with the tetraquark
states.


title:
Rational functions associated with the white noise space and related
  topics

abstract:
  Motivated by the hyper-holomorphic case we introduce and study rational
functions in the setting of Hida's white noise space. The Fueter polynomials
are replaced by a basis computed in terms of the Hermite functions, and the
Cauchy-Kovalevskaya product is replaced by the Wick product.


title:
Canonical Weierstrass Representation of Minimal Surfaces in Euclidean
  Space

abstract:
  Using the fact that any minimal strongly regular surface carries locally
canonical principal parameters, we obtain a canonical representation of these
surfaces, which makes more precise the Weierstrass representation in canonical
principal parameters. This allows us to describe locally the solutions of the
natural partial differential equation of minimal surfaces.


title: High-speed kinks in a generalized discrete $\phi^4$ model

abstract:
  We consider a generalized discrete $\phi^4$ model and demonstrate that it can
support exact moving kink solutions in the form of tanh with an arbitrarily
large velocity. The constructed exact moving solutions are dependent on the
specific value of the propagation velocity. We demonstrate that in this class
of models, given a specific velocity, the problem of finding the exact moving
solution is integrable. Namely, this problem originally expressed as a
three-point map can be reduced to a two-point map, from which the exact moving
solutions can be derived iteratively. It was also found that these high-speed
kinks can be stable and robust against perturbations introduced in the initial
conditions.


title:
Spontaneous large scale momentum exchange by microinstabilities: an
  analogy between tokamaks and space plasmas

abstract:
  Based on a recent theory (Coppi, Nuclear Fusion, 42, 1, 2002) of spontaneous
toroidal rotation in tokamaks (Lee et al, Phys Rev Lett, 91, 205003, 2003) and
in astrophysical accretion disks, we propose that an analogous process could be
at play also in the Earth space environment. We use fully kinetic PIC
simulations to study the evolution of drift instabilities and we show that
indeed a macroscopic velocity shear is generated spontaneously in the plasma.
As in tokamaks, the microscopic fluctuations remain limited to the edge of the
plasma channel but the momentum spreads over the whole macroscopic system.


title: Higher-Order Properties of Analytic Wavelets

abstract:
  The influence of higher-order wavelet properties on the analytic wavelet
transform behavior is investigated, and wavelet functions offering advantageous
performance are identified. This is accomplished through detailed investigation
of the generalized Morse wavelets, a two-parameter family of exactly analytic
continuous wavelets. The degree of time/frequency localization, the existence
of a mapping between scale and frequency, and the bias involved in estimating
properties of modulated oscillatory signals, are proposed as important
considerations. Wavelet behavior is found to be strongly impacted by the degree
of asymmetry of the wavelet in both the frequency and the time domain, as
quantified by the third central moments. A particular subset of the generalized
Morse wavelets, recognized as deriving from an inhomogeneous Airy function,
emerge as having particularly desirable properties. These "Airy wavelets"
substantially outperform the only approximately analytic Morlet wavelets for
high time localization. Special cases of the generalized Morse wavelets are
examined, revealing a broad range of behaviors which can be matched to the
characteristics of a signal.


title: On Some Weighted Average Values of L-functions

abstract:
  Let $q\ge 2$ and $N\ge 1$ be integers. W. Zhang (2008) has shown that for any
fixed $\epsilon> 0$, and $q^{\epsilon} \le N \le q^{1/2 -\epsilon}$, $$
\sum_{\chi \ne \chi_0} |\sum_{n=1}^N \chi(n)|^2 |L(1, \chi)|^2 = (1 + o(1))
\alpha_q q N $$ where the sum is take over all nonprincipal characters $\chi$
modulo $q$, $L(s, \chi)$ is the $L$-functions $L(1, \chi)$ corresponding to
$\chi$ and $\alpha_q = q^{o(1)}$ is some explicit function of $q$. Here we show
that the same formula holds in the range $q^{\epsilon} \le N \le q^{1
-\epsilon}$.


title: Towards A Realistic Grand Gauge-Higgs Unification Scenario

abstract:
  In this talk, we discuss an attempt to construct a realistic model of the
grand gauge-Higgs unification. We investigate a 5D SU(6) grand gauge-Higgs
unification model compactified on an orbifold S^1/Z_2. Ordinary quarks and
leptons, together with right-handed neutrinos, are just accommodated into a
minimal set of representations of the gauge group, without introducing any
exotic states in the same representations. The proton decay turns out to be
forbidden at least at the tree level. We also find a correct electroweak
symmetry breaking SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y \to U(1)_{em} is easily realized by
introducing suitable number of adjoint fermions.


title: Scattering of electrons from an interacting region

abstract:
  We address the problem of transmission of electrons between two
noninteracting leads through a region where they interact (quantum dot). We use
a model of spinless electrons hopping on a one-dimensional lattice and with an
interaction on a single bond. We show that all the two-particle scattering
states can be found exactly. Comparisons are made with numerical results on the
time evolution of a two-particle wave packet and several interesting features
are found for scattering. For N particles the scattering state is obtained by
perturbation theory. For a dot connected to Fermi seas at different chemical
potentials, we find an expression for the change in the Landauer current
resulting from the interactions on the dot. We end with some comments on the
case of spin-1/2 electrons.


title: Vector Theory of Gravity

abstract:
  We proposed a gravitation theory based on an analogy with electrodynamics on
the basis of a vector field. For the first time, to calculate the basic
gravitational effects in the framework of a vector theory of gravity, we use a
Lagrangian written with gravitational radiation neglected and generalized to
the case of ultra-relativistic speeds. This allows us to accurately calculate
the values of all three major gravity experiments: the values of the perihelion
shift of Mercury, the light deflection angle in the gravity field of the Sun
and the value of radar echo delay. The calculated values coincide with the
observed ones. It is shown that, in this theory, there exists a model of an
expanding Universe.


title: Mathematical models of spontaneous symmetry breaking

abstract:
  The Higgs mechanism of mass generation is the main ingredient in the
contemporary Standard Model and its various generalizations. However, there is
no comprehensive theory of spontaneous symmetry breaking. We summarize the
relevant mathematical results characterizing spontaneous symmetry breaking
phenomena in algebraic quantum theory, axiomatic quantum field theory, group
theory, and classical gauge theory.


title:
Translation of Leonhard Euler's: General Principles of the Motion of
  Fluids

abstract:
  This is an adapatation by U. Frisch of an English translation by Thomas E.
Burton of Euler's memoir `Principes g\'en\'eraux du mouvement des fluides'
(Euler, 1775b). Burton's translation appeared in Fluid Dynamics, 34} (1999) pp.
801-82, Springer and is here adapted by permission. A detailed presentation of
Euler's published work can be found in Truesdell, 1954. Euler's work is
discussed also in the perspective of eighteenth century fluid dynamics research
by Darrigol and Frisch, 2008. Explanatory footnotes have been supplied where
necessary by G.K. Mikhailov and a few more by U. Frisch and O.Darrigol. Euler's
memoir had neither footnotes nor a list of references.


title: Moisture Effects on Nanowear of Gold Films

abstract:
  Nanowear properties of sputtered Au films in dry and wet environments were
investigated using a scanning nanoindenter. Gold exhibits over 10 times higher
wear rate in water compared to air at the same normal load of 10 microN. The
friction coefficient obtained from scratch tests remained constant at 0.2
regardless of the testing conditions. Au surface roughness increased from 3 to
8 nm after 200 wear cycles in air. Surface ripples, 200 nm high developed on
the Au film surface after 200 wear cycles in water. Film scratch hardness
compares well with the nanoindentation hardness.


title: Essential variables and positions in terms

abstract:
  The paper deals with $\Sigma-$composition of terms, which allows us to extend
the derivation rules in formal deduction of identities.
  The concept of essential variables and essential positions of terms with
respect to a set of identities is a key step in the simplification of the
process of formal deduction. $\Sigma-$composition of terms is defined as
replacement between $\Sigma$-equal terms. This composition induces $\Sigma
R-$deductively closed sets of identities. In analogy to balanced identities we
introduce and investigate $\Sigma-$balanced identities for a given set of
identities $\Sigma$.


title: Optical identification of the 3C 58 pulsar wind nebula

abstract:
  We have performed a deep optical imaging of 3C 58 SNR with the NOT in the B
and V bands to detect the optical counterpart of the associated pulsar
J0295+6449 and its torus-like wind nebula visible in X-rays. We analyzed our
data together with the archival data obtained with the Chandra in X-rays and
with the Spitzer in the mid-IR. We detect a faint extended elliptical object
with B=24.06 and V=23.11 whose peak brightness and center position are
consistent at the sub-arcsecond level with the position of the pulsar. Its
morphology and orientation are in excellent agreement with the torus-like
pulsar nebula, seen almost edge on in X-rays although its extension is only
about a half of that in X-rays. In the optical we likely see only the brightest
central part of the torus with the pulsar. The object is identical to the
counterpart of the torus recently detected in the mid-IR. The estimated pulsar
contribution to the optical flux is less than 10%. Combinig the optical/mid-IR
fluxes and X-ray power-law spectrum extracted from the spatial region
constrained by the optical/IR source extent we compile a tentative
multi-wavelength spectrum of the central part of the nebula. Within
uncertainties of the interstellar extinction it is reminiscent of either the
Crab or B0540-69 pulsar wind nebula spectra. The properties of the object
strongly suggest it to be the optical counterpart of the 3C 58 pulsar + its
wind nebula system, making 3C 58 the third member of such a class of the
torus-like systems identified in the optical and mid-IR.


title: NMR relaxation rate and static spin susceptibility in graphene

abstract:
  The NMR relaxation rate and the static spin susceptibility in graphene are
studied within a tight-binding description. At half filling, the NMR relaxation
rate follows a power law as $T^2$ on the particle-hole symmetric side, while
with a finite chemical potential $\mu$ and next-nearest neighbor $t'$, the
$(\mu+3t')^2$ terms dominate at low excess charge $\delta$. The static spin
susceptibility is linearly dependent on temperature $T$ at half filling when
$t'=0$, while with a finite $\mu$ and $t'$, it should be dominated by
$(\mu+3t')$ terms in low energy regime. These unusual phenomena are direct
results of the low energy excitations of graphene, which behave as massless
Dirac fermions. Furthermore, when $\delta$ is high enough, there is a
pronounced crossover which divides the temperature dependence of the NMR
relaxation rate and the static spin susceptibility into two temperature
regimes: the NMR relaxation rate and the static spin susceptibility increase
dramatically as temperature increases in the low temperature regime, and after
the crossover, both decrease as temperature increases at high temperatures.
This crossover is due to the well-known logarithmic Van Hove singularity in the
density of states, and its position dependence of temperature is sensitive to
$\delta$.


title: Bleaching and stimulated recovery of dyes and of photo-cantilevers

abstract:
  We examine how intense optical beams can penetrate deeply into highly
absorbing media by a non-linear, photo-bleaching process. The role of
stimulated recovery to the dye ground state can be important and is delineated.
This analysis of non-linear absorption processes is applicable in general to
situations where chromophores are irradiated, for instance in biology. We
examine the implications for the bending of cantilevers made of heavily
dye-loaded nematic photo-solids, that is nematic glasses and elastomers that
have large mechanical reactions to light. In particular we describe the bending
of cantilevers sufficiently absorbing that they would not bend if Beer's Law
were applicable. We quantify the role of optically-generated heat in
determining the mechanical response and conclude that in general it is minor in
importance compared with optical effects.


title: Ultrahigh electron mobility in suspended graphene

abstract:
  We have achieved mobilities in excess of 200,000 cm^2/Vs at electron
densities of ~2*10^11 cm^-2 by suspending single layer graphene. Suspension
~150 nm above a Si/SiO_2 gate electrode and electrical contacts to the graphene
was achieved by a combination of electron beam lithography and etching. The
specimens were cleaned in situ by employing current-induced heating, directly
resulting in a significant improvement of electrical transport. Concomitant
with large mobility enhancement, the widths of the characteristic Dirac peaks
are reduced by a factor of 10 compared to traditional, non-suspended devices.
This advance should allow for accessing the intrinsic transport properties of
graphene.


title: Homological stability of series of groups

abstract:
  ``What aspects of a group are unchanged, or stable, under homology
equivalences''? The model theorem in this regard is the 1963 result of J.
Stallings that the lower central series is preserved under any integral
homological equivalence of groups. Various other theorems of this nature have
since appeared. Stallings himself proved similar theorems for homology with
rational or mod p coefficients. These involved different series of groups-
variations of the lower central series. W. Dwyer generalized Stallings'
integral results to larger classes of maps, work that was completed in the
other cases by the authors. More recently the authors proved analogues of the
theorems of Stallings and Dwyer for variations of the derived series. The above
theorems are all different but clearly have much in common. Here we present a
new concept, that of the stability of a subgroup, or a series of subgroups
under a class of maps, that offers a framework in which all of these theorems
can be viewed. We contrast it with homological localization of groups, which is
a previously well-studied framework that might also be applied to these
questions.


title: Complementarity and the algebraic structure of 4-level quantum systems

abstract:
  The history of complementary observables and mutual unbiased bases is
reviewed. A characterization is given in terms of conditional entropy of
subalgebras. The concept of complementarity is extended to non-commutative
subalgebras. Complementary decompositions of a 4-level quantum system are
described and a characterization of the Bell basis is obtained.


title:
Antiferromagnetic ordering of energy levels for spin ladder with
  four-spin cyclic exchange: Generalization of the Lieb-Mattis theorem

abstract:
  The Lieb-Mattis theorem is generalized to an antiferromagnetic spin-ladder
model with four-spin cyclic exchange interaction. We prove that for J>2K, the
antiferromagnetic ordering of energy levels takes place separately in two
sectors, which remain symmetric and antisymmetric under the reflection with
respect to the longitudinal axis of the ladder. We prove also that at the
self-dual point J=2K, the Lieb-Mattis rule holds in the sectors with fixed
number of rung singlets. In both cases, it agrees with the similar rule for
Haldane chain with appropriate spin number.


title:
A Magellan IMACS Spectroscopic Search for Lyman-Alpha Emitting Galaxies
  at Redshift 5.7

abstract:
  We present results from a blind, spectroscopic survey for redshift ~5.7
Lyman-alpha-emitting galaxies using the Inamori Magellan Areal Camera and
Spectrograph. A total of ~200 square arcminutes were observed in the COSMOS and
LCIRS fields using a narrowband filter, which transmits between atmospheric
emission lines at 8190 A, and a mask with 100 longslits. This observing
technique provides higher emission-line sensitivity than narrowband imaging and
probes larger volumes than strong lensing. We find 170 emission-line galaxies
and identify their redshifts spectroscopically. We confirm three Lyman-alpha
emitting galaxies (LAEs), the first discovered using multislit-narrowband
spectroscopy. Their line profiles are narrow, but fitted models suggest
instrinsic, unattenuated widths 400 km/s FWHM. The red wing of the line
profiles present features consistent with galactic winds. The star formation
rates of these galaxies are at least 5-7 Msun/yr and likely a factor of two
higher. We estimate the number density of L .ge. 5e42 erg/s LAEs is
9.0(+12,-4)e-5 Mpc-3 at redshift 5.7 and constrain the Schechter function
parameters describing this population. Galaxies fainter than our detection
limit may well be the primary source of ionizing photons at redshift ~ 6. We
argue, however, that the break luminosity L* is not yet well constrained. If
this break luminosity is near our detection limit, and somewhat lower than
previous estimates, then the detected LAE population could be responsible for
ionizing the intergalactic gas at redshift ~6. We discuss the potential of
multislit-narrowband spectroscopy for deeper emission-line surveys.


title: Observations of IGR J00291+5934 in quiescence

abstract:
  We report on optical and X-ray observations of the accretion powered ms
pulsar IGR J00291+5934 in quiescence. Time resolved I-band photometry has been
obtained with the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope, while a 3 ks Chandra
observation provided contemporaneous X-ray coverage. We found an unabsorbed
0.5-10 keV X-ray flux of 1x10^-13 erg cm-2 s-1 which implies that the source
was in quiescence at the time of the optical observations. Nevertheless, the
optical I-band light curve of IGR J00291+5934 shows evidence for strong
flaring. After removal of the strongest flares, we find evidence for an orbital
modulation in the phase folded I-band light curve. The overall modulation can
be described by effects resulting from the presence of a superhump. Comparing
our lightcurve with that reported recently we find evidence for a change in the
quiescent base level. Similar changes have now been reported for 4 soft X-ray
transients implying that they may be a common feature of such systems in
quiescence. Furthermore, the maximum in our folded lightcurve occurs at a
different phase than observed before.


title: Combinatorics of least squares trees

abstract:
  A recurring theme in the least squares approach to phylogenetics has been the
discovery of elegant combinatorial formulas for the least squares estimates of
edge lengths. These formulas have proved useful for the development of
efficient algorithms, and have also been important for understanding
connections among popular phylogeny algorithms. For example, the selection
criterion of the neighbor-joining algorithm is now understood in terms of the
combinatorial formulas of Pauplin for estimating tree length.
  We highlight a phylogenetically desirable property that weighted least
squares methods should satisfy, and provide a complete characterization of
methods that satisfy the property. The necessary and sufficient condition is a
multiplicative four point condition that the the variance matrix needs to
satisfy. The proof is based on the observation that the Lagrange multipliers in
the proof of the Gauss--Markov theorem are tree-additive. Our results
generalize and complete previous work on ordinary least squares, balanced
minimum evolution and the taxon weighted variance model. They also provide a
time optimal algorithm for computation.


title:
Enforced neutrality and color-flavor unlocking in the three-flavor
  Polyakov-loop NJL model

abstract:
  We study how the charge neutrality affects the phase structure of
three-flavor PNJL model. We point out that, within the conventional PNJL model
at finite density the color neutrality is missing because the Wilson line
serves as an external ``colored'' field coupled to dynamical quarks. In this
paper we heuristically assume that the model may still be applicable. To get
color neutrality one has then to allow non vanishing color chemical potentials.
We study how the quark matter phase diagram in $(T,m_s^2/\mu)$-plane is
affected by imposing neutrality and by including the Polyakov loop dynamics.
Although these two effects are correlated in a nonlinear way, the impact of the
Polyakov loop turns out to be significant in the $T$ direction, while imposing
neutrality brings a remarkable effect in the $m_s^2/\mu$ direction. In
particular, we find a novel unlocking transition, when the temperature is
increased, even in the chiral SU(3) limit. We clarify how and why this is
possible once the dynamics of the colored Polyakov loop is taken into account.
Also we succeed in giving an analytic expression for $T_c$ for the transition
from two-flavor pairing (2SC) to unpaired quark matter in the presence of the
Polyakov loop.


title:
Robust strongly-modulated transmission of a $T$-shaped structure with
  local Rashba interaction

abstract:
  We propose a scheme of spin transistor using a $T$-shaped structure with
local Rashba interaction. A wide antiresonance energy gap appears due to the
interplay of two types of interference, the Fano-Rashba interference and the
structure interference. A large current from the gap area can be obtained via
changing the Rashba strength and/or the length of the sidearm by using gate
voltage. The robustness of the antiresonance gap against strong disorder is
demonstrated and shows the feasibility of this structure for the real
application.


title: Spatial adiabatic passage in a realistic triple well structure

abstract:
  We investigate the evolution of an electron undergoing coherent tunneling via
adiabatic passage (CTAP) using the solution of the one-dimensional Schroedinger
equation in both space and time for a triple well potential. We find the
eigenspectrum and complete time evolution for a range of different pulsing
schemes. This also provides an example of a system that can be described with
the tools from both quantum optics and condensed matter. We find that while the
quantum optics description of the process captures most of the key physics,
there are important effects that can only be correctly described by a more
complete representation. This is an important point for applications such as
quantum information processing or quantum control where it is common practice
to use a reduced state space formulation of the quantum system in question.


title: Towards Unstructured Mesh Generation Using the Inverse Poisson Problem

abstract:
  A novel approach to unstructured quadrilateral mesh generation for planar
domains is presented. Away from irregular vertices, the resulting meshes have
the properties of nearly conformal grids. The technique is based on a
theoretical relation between the present problem, and the inverse Poisson (IP)
problem with point sources. An IP algorithm is described, which constructs a
point-source distribution, whose sources correspond to the irregular vertices
of the mesh. Both the background theory and the IP algorithm address the global
nature of the mesh generation problem. The IP algorithm is incorporated in a
complete mesh generation scheme, which also includes an algorithm for creating
the final mesh. Example results are presented and discussed.


title:
Measurement of the inclusive jet cross section in $p \bar{p}$ collisions
  at $\sqrt{s}=1.96 {\rm TeV}$

abstract:
  We report on a measurement of the inclusive jet cross section in $p \bar{p}$
collisions at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt s=$1.96 TeV using data collected
by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of 0.70 fb$^{-1}$.
  The data cover jet transverse momenta from 50 GeV to 600 GeV and jet
rapidities in the range -2.4 to 2.4. Detailed studies of correlations between
systematic uncertainties in transverse momentum and rapidity are presented, and
the cross section measurements are found to be in good agreement with
next-to-leading order QCD calculations.


title:
A Bicycle Built for Two: The Galilean and U(1) Gauge Invariance of the
  Schr\"odinger Field

abstract:
  This paper undertakes a study of the nature of the force associated with the
local U (1) gauge symmetry of a non-relativistic quantum particle. To ensure
invariance under local U (1) symmetry, a matter field must couple to a gauge
field. We show that such a gauge field necessarily satisfies the Maxwell
equations, whether the matter field coupled to it is relativistic or
non-relativistic. This result suggests that the structure of the Maxwell
equations is determined by gauge symmetry rather than the symmetry
transformation properties of space-time. In order to assess the validity of
this notion, we examine the transformation properties of the coupled matter and
gauge fields under Galilean transformations. Our main technical result is the
Galilean invariance of the full equations of motion of the U (1) gauge field.


title: Cavity nonlinear optics with few photons and ultracold quantum particles

abstract:
  The light force on particles trapped in the field of a high-Q cavity mode
depends on the quantum state of field and particle. Different photon numbers
generate different optical potentials anddifferent motional states induce
different field evolution. Even for weak saturation and linear polarizability
the induced particle motion leads to nonlinear field dynamics. We derive a
corresponding effective field Hamiltonian containing all the powers of the
photon number operator, which predicts nonlinear phase shifts and squeezing
even at the few-photon level. Wave-function simulations of the full
particle-field dynamics confirm this and show significant particle-field
entanglement in addition.


title:
On the relation between the neutrino flux from Centaurus A and the
  associated diffuse neutrino flux

abstract:
  Based on recent results obtained by the Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO), it
has been hypothesized that Centaurus A (Cen A) is a source of ultra-high-energy
cosmic rays (UHECRs) and associated neutrinos. We point out that the diffuse
neutrino flux may be used to constrain the source model if one assumes that the
ratio between the UHECR and neutrino fluxes outputted by Cen A is
representative for other sources. Under this assumption we investigate the
relation between the neutrino flux from Cen A and the diffuse neutrino flux.
Assuming furthermore that Cen A is the source of two UHECR events observed by
PAO, we estimate the all-sky diffuse neutrino flux to be ~200-5000 times larger
than the neutrino flux from Cen A. As a result, the diffuse neutrino fluxes
associated with some of the recently proposed models of UHECR-related neutrino
production in Cen A are above existing limits. Regardless of the underlying
source model, our results indicate that the detection of neutrinos from Cen A
without the accompanying diffuse flux would mean that Cen A is an exceptionally
efficient neutrino source.


title:
Microwave Dielectric Loss at Single Photon Energies and milliKelvin
  Temperatures

abstract:
  The microwave performance of amorphous dielectric materials at very low
temperatures and very low excitation strengths displays significant excess
loss. Here, we present the loss tangents of some common amorphous and
crystalline dielectrics, measured at low temperatures (T < 100 mK) with near
single-photon excitation energies, using both coplanar waveguide (CPW) and
lumped LC resonators. The loss can be understood using a two-level state (TLS)
defect model. A circuit analysis of the half-wavelength resonators we used is
outlined, and the energy dissipation of such a resonator on a multilayered
dielectric substrate is considered theoretically.


title:
Detecting "Temperate" Jupiters: The Prospects of Searching for
  Transiting Gas Giants in Habitability Zones

abstract:
  This paper investigates the effects of observing windows on detecting
transiting planets by calculating the fraction of planets with a given period
that have zero, one (single), two (double), or $\ge$3 (multiple) transits
occurring while observations are being taken. We also investigate the effects
of collaboration by performing the same calculations with combined observing
times from two wide-field transit survey groups. For a representative field of
the 2004 observing season, both XO and SuperWASP experienced an increase in
single and double transit events by up to 20-40% for planets with periods 14 <
P < 150 days when collaborating by sharing data. For the XO Project using its
data alone, between 20-40% of planets with periods 14-150 days should have been
observed at least once. For the SuperWASP Project, 50-90% of planets with
periods between 14-150 days should have been observed at least once. If XO and
SuperWASP combined their observations, 50-100% of planets with periods less
than 20 days should be observed three or more times. We find that in general
wide-field transit surveys have selected appropriate observing strategies to
observe a significant fraction of transiting giant planets with semimajor axes
larger than the Hot Jupiter regime. The actual number of intermediate-period
transiting planets that are detected depends upon their true semimajor axis
distribution and the signal-to-noise of the data.


title:
Correlated Detection of sub-mHz Gravitational Waves by Two Optical-Fiber
  Interferometers

abstract:
  Results from two optical-fiber gravitational-wave interferometric detectors
are reported. The detector design is very small, cheap and simple to build and
operate. Using two detectors has permitted various tests of the design
principles as well as demonstrating the first simultaneous detection of
correlated gravitational waves from detectors spatially separated by 1.1km. The
frequency spectrum of the detected gravitational waves is sub-mHz with a strain
spectral index a=-1.4 +/- 0.1. As well as characterising the wave effects the
detectors also show, from data collected over some 80 days in the latter part
of 2007, the dominant earth rotation effect and the earth orbit effect. The
detectors operate by exploiting light speed anisotropy in optical-fibers. The
data confirms previous observations of light speed anisotropy, earth rotation
and orbit effects, and gravitational waves.


title:
Charge Transport in Single Au|Alkanedithiol|Au Junctions: Coordination
  Geometries and Conformational Degrees of Freedom

abstract:
  Recent STM molecular break-junction experiments have revealed multiple series
of peaks in the conductance histograms of alkanedithiols. To resolve a current
controversy, we present here an in-depth study of charge transport properties
of Au|alkanedithiol|Au junctions. Conductance histograms extracted from our STM
measurements unambiguously confirm features showing more than one set of
junction configurations. Based on quantum chemistry calculations, we propose
that certain combinations of different sulfur-gold couplings and trans/gauche
conformations act as the driving agents. The present study may have
implications for experimental methodology: whenever conductances of different
junction conformations are not statistically independent, the conductance
histogram technique can exhibit a single series only, even though a much larger
abundance of microscopic realizations exists.


title: Why are solitons stable?

abstract:
  The theory of linear dispersive equations predicts that waves should spread
out and disperse over time. However, it is a remarkable phenomenon, observed
both in theory and practice, that once nonlinear effects are taken into
account, \emph{solitary wave} or \emph{soliton} solutions can be created, which
can be stable enough to persist indefinitely. The construction of such
solutions is relatively straightforward, but the fact that they are
\emph{stable} requires some significant amounts of analysis to establish, in
part due to symmetries in the equation (such as translation invariance) which
create degeneracy in the stability analysis. The theory is particularly
difficult in the \emph{critical} case in which the nonlinearity is at exactly
the right power to potentially allow for a self-similar blowup. In this article
we survey some of the highlights of this theory, from the more classical
orbital stability analysis of Weinstein and Grillakis-Shatah-Strauss, to the
more recent asymptotic stability and blowup analysis of Martel-Merle and
Merle-Raphael, as well as current developments in using this theory to
rigorously demonstrate controlled blowup for several key equations.


title: Consequences of the partial restoration of chiral symmetry in AdS/QCD

abstract:
  Chiral symmetry is an essential concept in understanding QCD at low energy.
We treat the chiral condensate, which measures the spontaneous breaking of
chiral symmetry, as a free parameter to investigate the effect of partially
restored chiral symmetry on the physical quantities in the frame work of an
AdS/QCD model. We observe an interesting scaling behavior among the nucleon
mass, pion decay constant and chiral condensate. We propose a phenomenological
way to introduce the temperature dependence of a physical quantity in the
AdS/QCD model with the thermal AdS metric.


title:
Interaction Matrix Element Fluctuations in Ballistic Quantum Dots:
  Random Wave Model

abstract:
  We study matrix element fluctuations of the two-body screened Coulomb
interaction and of the one-body surface charge potential in ballistic quantum
dots. For chaotic dots, we use a normalized random wave model to obtain
analytic expansions for matrix element variances and covariances in the limit
of large kL (where k is the Fermi wave number and L the linear size of the
dot). These leading-order analytical results are compared with exact numerical
results. Both two-body and one-body matrix elements are shown to follow
strongly non-Gaussian distributions, despite the Gaussian random nature of the
single-electron wave functions.


title:
Multiclass Approaches for Support Vector Machine Based Land Cover
  Classification

abstract:
  SVMs were initially developed to perform binary classification; though,
applications of binary classification are very limited. Most of the practical
applications involve multiclass classification, especially in remote sensing
land cover classification. A number of methods have been proposed to implement
SVMs to produce multiclass classification. A number of methods to generate
multiclass SVMs from binary SVMs have been proposed by researchers and is still
a continuing research topic. This paper compares the performance of six
multi-class approaches to solve classification problem with remote sensing data
in term of classification accuracy and computational cost. One vs. one, one vs.
rest, Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG), and Error Corrected Output Coding (ECOC)
based multiclass approaches creates many binary classifiers and combines their
results to determine the class label of a test pixel. Another catogery of multi
class approach modify the binary class objective function and allows
simultaneous computation of multiclass classification by solving a single
optimisation problem. Results from this study conclude the usefulness of One
vs. One multi class approach in term of accuracy and computational cost over
other multi class approaches.


title:
Inclusive transverse mass analysis for squark and gluino mass
  determination

abstract:
  We propose an inclusive analysis of a stransverse mass (m_{T2}) using a
hemisphere method for supersymmetry studies at the LHC . The hemisphere method
is an algorithm to group collinear and high p_T particles and jets, assuming
that there are two of such groups in a event. The m_{T2} is defined as a
function of the unknown LSP mass, two hemisphere momenta, and missing
transverse momentum. The kinematical end point of the m_{T2} distribution
provides information on the squark and gluino masses. We perform a Monte Carlo
simulation to study the inclusive m_{T2} distribution at the LHC. We show that
the end point of the inclusive m_{T2} distribution has a cusp-like structure
around the true LSP mass. The knowledge of the expected kinematical behavior
near the end point for true events is important to establish the end point of
the inclusive distribution. We find that the inclusive analysis is useful to
obtain the information on the heaviest of the squark/gluino.


title: On the Scarf-Hirota model in the price-scaled price adjustment process

abstract:
  Hirota's results given in (Hirota.M.,1981) on the asymptotically stability
are generalized to the price-scaled price adjustment process.


title: Classical Enhancement of Quantum Error-Correcting Codes

abstract:
  We present a general formalism for quantum error-correcting codes that encode
both classical and quantum information (the EACQ formalism). This formalism
unifies the entanglement-assisted formalism and classical error correction, and
includes encoding, error correction, and decoding steps such that the encoded
quantum and classical information can be correctly recovered by the receiver.
We formally define this kind of quantum code using both stabilizer and
symplectic language, and derive the appropriate error-correcting conditions. We
give several examples to demonstrate the construction of such codes.


title: Diamagnetic pumping near the base of a stellar convection zone

abstract:
  The property of inhomogeneous turbulence in conducting fluids to expel
large-scale magnetic fields in the direction of decreasing turbulence intensity
is shown as important for the magnetic field dynamics near the base of a
stellar convection zone. The downward diamagnetic pumping confines a fossil
internal magnetic field in the radiative core so that the field geometry is
appropriate for formation of the solar tachocline. For the stars of solar age,
the diamagnetic confinement is efficient only if the ratio of turbulent
magnetic diffusivity of the convection zone to the (microscopic or turbulent)
diffusivity of the radiative interiour is larger than 10^5. Confinement in
younger stars require still larger diffusivity ratio. The observation of
persistent magnetic structures on young solar-type stars can thus provide
evidences for the nonexistence of tachoclines in stellar interiors and on the
level of turbulence in radiative cores.


title:
Self calibration of galaxy bias in spectroscopic redshift surveys of
  baryon acoustic oscillations

abstract:
  Baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) is a powerful probe on the expansion of the
universe, shedding light on elusive dark energy and gravity at cosmological
scales. BAO measurements through biased tracers of the underlying matter
density field, as most proposals do, can reach high statistical accuracy.
However, possible scale dependence in bias may induce non-negligible
systematical errors, especially for the most ambitious spectroscopic surveys
proposed. We show that precision spectroscopic redshift information available
in these surveys allows for {\it self calibration} of the galaxy bias and its
stochasticity, as function of scale and redshift. Through the effect of
redshift distortion, one can simultaneously measure the real space power
spectra of galaxies, galaxy-velocity and velocity, respectively. At relevant
scales of BAO, galaxy velocity faithfully traces that of the underlying matter.
This valuable feature enables a rather model independent way to measure the
galaxy bias and its stochasticity by comparing the three power spectra. For the
square kilometer array (SKA), this self calibration is statistically accurate
to correct for 1% level shift in BAO peak positions induced by bias scale
dependence. Furthermore, we find that SKA is able to detect BAO in the velocity
power spectrum, opening a new window for BAO cosmology.


title:
Dimming of supernovae and gamma ray busts by Compton Scattering and its
  cosmological implications

abstract:
  Free electrons deplete photons from type Ia supernovae through the (inverse)
Compton scattering. This Compton dimming increases with redshift and reaches
0.004 mag at $z=1$ and 0.01 mag at $z=2$. Although far from sufficient to
invalidate the existence of dark energy, it can bias constraint on dark energy
at a level non-negligible for future supernova surveys. This effect is
correctable and should be incorporated in supernova analysis. The Compton
dimming has similar impact on cosmology based on gamma ray bursts as standard
candles.


title: Improved Approximations for Multiprocessor Scheduling Under Uncertainty

abstract:
  This paper presents improved approximation algorithms for the problem of
multiprocessor scheduling under uncertainty, or SUU, in which the execution of
each job may fail probabilistically. This problem is motivated by the
increasing use of distributed computing to handle large, computationally
intensive tasks. In the SUU problem we are given n unit-length jobs and m
machines, a directed acyclic graph G of precedence constraints among jobs, and
unrelated failure probabilities q_{ij} for each job j when executed on machine
i for a single timestep. Our goal is to find a schedule that minimizes the
expected makespan, which is the expected time at which all jobs complete.
  Lin and Rajaraman gave the first approximations for this NP-hard problem for
the special cases of independent jobs, precedence constraints forming disjoint
chains, and precedence constraints forming trees. In this paper, we present
asymptotically better approximation algorithms. In particular, we give an
O(loglog min(m,n))-approximation for independent jobs (improving on the
previously best O(log n)-approximation). We also give an O(log(n+m) loglog
min(m,n))-approximation algorithm for precedence constraints that form disjoint
chains (improving on the previously best
O(log(n)log(m)log(n+m)/loglog(n+m))-approximation by a (log n/loglog n)^2
factor when n = poly(m). Our algorithm for precedence constraints forming
chains can also be used as a component for precedence constraints forming
trees, yielding a similar improvement over the previously best algorithms for
trees.


title: Tomography increases key rates of quantum-key-distribution protocols

abstract:
  We construct a practically implementable classical processing for the BB84
protocol and the six-state protocol that fully utilizes the accurate channel
estimation method, which is also known as the quantum tomography. Our proposed
processing yields at least as high key rate as the standard processing by Shor
and Preskill. We show two examples of quantum channels over which the key rate
of our proposed processing is strictly higher than the standard processing. In
the second example, the BB84 protocol with our proposed processing yields a
positive key rate even though the so-called error rate is higher than the 25%
limit.


title: Single-Component Molecular Metals as Multiband \pi-d Systems

abstract:
  Electronic states of single-component molecular metals M(tmdt)2 (M = Ni, Au)
are studied theoretically. We construct an effective three-band Hubbard model
for each material by numerical fitting to first-principles band calculations,
while referring to molecular orbital calculations for the isolated molecules.
The model consists of two kinds of base orbital for each molecule with
hybridization between them, i.e., a \pi-character orbital for each of the two
tmdt ligands, and, a pd\pi-orbital for M = Ni or a pd\sigma-orbital for M = Au
centered on the metal site; this indicates that these materials can be
considered as novel multiband \pi-d systems. We find that both orbitals
contribute to realize the metallic character in Ni(tmdt)2. The origin of the
antiferromagnetic transition observed in Au(tmdt)2 is also discussed based on
this model.


title:
New fitting scheme to obtain effective potential from Car-Parrinello
  molecular dynamics simulations: Application to silica

abstract:
  A fitting scheme is proposed to obtain effective potentials from
Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD) simulations. It is used to
parameterize a new pair potential for silica. MD simulations with this new
potential are done to determine structural and dynamic properties and to
compare these properties to those obtained from CPMD and a MD simulation using
the so-called BKS potential. The new potential reproduces accurately the liquid
structure generated by the CPMD trajectories, the experimental activation
energies for the self-diffusion constants and the experimental density of
amorphous silica. Also lattice parameters and elastic constants of alpha-quartz
are well-reproduced, showing the transferability of the new potential.


title:
The numerical computer experiment for the neutrino events with the SK
  neutrino oscillation parameters occurring outside the Superkamiokande
  detector

abstract:
  Adopting neutrino oscillation parameters obtained by Super-Kamiokande, a
numerical computer experiment for neutrino events occurring outside the
detector, is carried out in the same SK live days, 1645.9 live days,
constructing the virtual Super-Kamiokande detector in the computer. The
numerical results by the computer experiment could be directly compared with
the real SK experimental data. The comparison shows that it is difficult to
obtain convincing conclusion on the existence of the neutrino oscillation with
specified neutrino oscillation parameters claimed by SK through analysis for
neutrino events occurring outside the detector.


title:
A Comprehensive View of the 2006 December 13 CME: From the Sun to
  Interplanetary Space

abstract:
  The biggest halo coronal mass ejection (CME) since the Halloween storm in
2003, which occurred on 2006 December 13, is studied in terms of its solar
source and heliospheric consequences. The CME is accompanied by an X3.4 flare,
EUV dimmings and coronal waves. It generated significant space weather effects
such as an interplanetary shock, radio bursts, major solar energetic particle
(SEP) events, and a magnetic cloud (MC) detected by a fleet of spacecraft
including STEREO, ACE, Wind and Ulysses. Reconstruction of the MC with the
Grad-Shafranov (GS) method yields an axis orientation oblique to the flare
ribbons. Observations of the SEP intensities and anisotropies show that the
particles can be trapped, deflected and reaccelerated by the large-scale
transient structures. The CME-driven shock is observed at both the Earth and
Ulysses when they are separated by 74$^{\circ}$ in latitude and 117$^{\circ}$
in longitude, the largest shock extent ever detected. The ejecta seems missed
at Ulysses. The shock arrival time at Ulysses is well predicted by an MHD model
which can propagate the 1 AU data outward. The CME/shock is tracked remarkably
well from the Sun all the way to Ulysses by coronagraph images, type II
frequency drift, in situ measurements and the MHD model. These results reveal a
technique which combines MHD propagation of the solar wind and type II
emissions to predict the shock arrival time at the Earth, a significant advance
for space weather forecasting especially when in situ data are available from
the Solar Orbiter and Sentinels.


title: Thresholding methods to estimate the copula density

abstract:
  This paper deals with the problem of the multivariate copula density
estimation. Using wavelet methods we provide two shrinkage procedures based on
thresholding rules for which the knowledge of the regularity of the copula
density to be estimated is not necessary. These methods, said to be adaptive,
are proved to perform very well when adopting the minimax and the maxiset
approaches. Moreover we show that these procedures can be discriminated in the
maxiset sense. We produce an estimation algorithm whose qualities are evaluated
thanks some simulation. Last, we propose a real life application for financial
data.


title: Topological Aspects of Surface States in Semiconductors

abstract:
  Topological aspects of surface states in semiconductors are studied by an
adiabatic deformation which connects a realistic system and a decoupled
covalent-bond model. Two topological invariants are focused. One is a quantized
Berry phase, and the other is a number of the edge states. A winding number as
another topological invariant is also considered. The surface states of Si and
Ge at (111), (110), and (100) surfaces are classified by the topological
invariants. Surface states of the GaAs as heterosemiconductors are also
discussed.


title: Controlled stratification for quantile estimation

abstract:
  In this paper we propose and discuss variance reduction techniques for the
estimation of quantiles of the output of a complex model with random input
parameters. These techniques are based on the use of a reduced model, such as a
metamodel or a response surface. The reduced model can be used as a control
variate; or a rejection method can be implemented to sample the realizations of
the input parameters in prescribed relevant strata; or the reduced model can be
used to determine a good biased distribution of the input parameters for the
implementation of an importance sampling strategy. The different strategies are
analyzed and the asymptotic variances are computed, which shows the benefit of
an adaptive controlled stratification method. This method is finally applied to
a real example (computation of the peak cladding temperature during a
large-break loss of coolant accident in a nuclear reactor).