title: Electric-Magnetic Struggle in QGP, Deconfinement and Baryons

abstract:
  We argue that quite unusual properties of Quark-Gluon Plasma in the RHIC
temperature domain $T=(1-2)T_c$ are consequences of the approximate equilibrium
between electric and magnetic sectors reached above the deconfinement
temperature. Already classical study of few body motion in a electric-magnetic
plasma shows abnormally large scattering rate due to the so called ``magnetic
bottle'' effect. Molecular dynamics simulation have found that equal mixture of
electric and magnetic quasiparticles do produce plasmas of small viscosity and
even smaller diffusion rate, comparable to what is needed to explain RHIC data
and also to what follows from AdS/CFT.
  As a separate issue, we point out that right above $T_c$ there should be
surviving s-wave baryons made of quarks ($N,\Delta$), as well as adjoint
objects, 3-gluon and 3-monopole chains (the latter being nothing else but
``calorons'' or finite-T instantons).


title:
Electronic pathway in the photosynthetic reaction centers and some
  mutation of RC's

abstract:
  The reaction center of Chloroflexus aurantiacus and Rhodobacter sphaeroides
mutation of RC`s was investigated. To describe the kinetic of the Chloroflexus
aurantiacus RC's we use incoherent model of electron transfer. It was shown
that the asymmetry in electronic coupling must be included to explain the
experiments. For the description of Rhodobacter sphaeroides H(M182)L mutation
we used partially coherent as incoherent models of electron transfer. These two
models are discussed with regard to the observed electron transfer kinetics. It
can be concluded that partially coherent model is more adequate. We predict
some new electron pathways for describing the kinetic of RC's and some
mutation.


title: Fragmentation cross-sections and binding energies of neutron-rich nuclei

abstract:
  An exponential dependence of the fragmentation cross-section on the average
binding energy is observed and reproduced with a statistical model. The
observed functional dependence is robust and allows the extraction of binding
energies from measured cross-sections. From the systematics of 75,77,78,79Cu
isotope cross-sections have been extracted. They are 636.94 +/- 0.40 MeV, 647.1
+/- 0.4 MeV, 651.6 +/- 0.4 MeV and 657.8 +/- 0.5 MeV, respectively.
Specifically, the uncertainty of the binding energy of 75Cu is reduced from 980
keV (listed value in the 2003 mass table of Audi and Wapstra) to 400 keV. The
predicted cross-sections of two near drip-line nuclei, 39Na and 40Mg, from the
fragmentation of 48Ca are discussed.


title:
Long Memory and Volatility Clustering: is the empirical evidence
  consistent across stock markets?

abstract:
  Long memory and volatility clustering are two stylized facts frequently
related to financial markets. Traditionally, these phenomena have been studied
based on conditionally heteroscedastic models like ARCH, GARCH, IGARCH and
FIGARCH, inter alia. One advantage of these models is their ability to capture
nonlinear dynamics. Another interesting manner to study the volatility
phenomena is by using measures based on the concept of entropy. In this paper
we investigate the long memory and volatility clustering for the SP 500, NASDAQ
100 and Stoxx 50 indexes in order to compare the US and European Markets.
Additionally, we compare the results from conditionally heteroscedastic models
with those from the entropy measures. In the latter, we examine Shannon
entropy, Renyi entropy and Tsallis entropy. The results corroborate the
previous evidence of nonlinear dynamics in the time series considered.


title: Role of electrostatic forces in cluster formation in a dry ionomer

abstract:
  This simulation study investigates the dependence of the structure of dry
Nafion$^{\tiny\textregistered}$-like ionomers on the electrostatic interactions
between the components of the molecules. In order to speed equilibration, a
procedure was adopted which involved detaching the side chains from the
backbone and cutting the backbone into segments, and then reassembling the
macromolecule by means of a strong imposed attractive force between the cut
ends of the backbone, and between the non-ionic ends of the side chains and the
midpoints of the backbone segments. Parameters varied in this study include the
dielectric constant, the free volume, side-chain length, and strength of
head-group interactions. A series of coarse-grained mesoscale simulations shows
the morphlogy to depend sensitively on the ratio of the strength of the
dipole-dipole interactions between the side-chain acidic end groups to the
strength of the other electrostatic components of the Hamiltonian. Examples of
the two differing morphologies proposed by Gierke and by Gebel emerge from our
simulations.


title: Effective field theories for rooted staggered fermions

abstract:
  We extend the construction of the Symanzik effective action to include rooted
staggered fermions, starting from a generalization of the renormalization-group
approach to rooted staggered fermions. The Symanzik action, together with the
usual construction of a partially quenched chiral effective theory from a
local, partially quenched, fundamental theory, can then be used to derive the
chiral effective theory. The latter reproduces rooted staggered chiral
perturbation theory.


title: A probabilistic proof of Wallis's formula for pi

abstract:
  Using mostly elementary results and functions from probability, we prove
Wallis's formula for pi: pi/2 = prod_n (2n * 2n) / ((2n-1) * (2n+1)). The proof
involves normalization constants and the Gamma function, Standard normal, and
the Student t-Distribution.


title:
Rheology of two-dimensional F-actin networks associated with a lipid
  interface

abstract:
  We report on the surface rheology of cross-linked F-actin networks associated
with a lipid monolayer at the air-water interface of a Langmuir monolayer. The
rheological measurements are made using a Couette cell. These data demonstrate
that the network has a finite elastic modulus that grows as a function of the
cross-linking concentration. We also note that under steady-state flow the
system behaves as a power law fluid in which the effective viscosity decreases
with imposed shear.


title: Population inversion of a NAHS mixture adsorbed into a cylindrical pore

abstract:
  A cylindrical nanopore immersed in a non-additive hard sphere binary fluid is
studied by means of integral equation theories and Monte Carlo simulations. It
is found that at low and intermediate values of the bulk total number density
the more concentrated bulk species is preferentially absorbed by the pore, as
expected. However, further increments of the bulk number density lead to an
abrupt population inversion in the confined fluid and an entropy driven
prewetting transition at the outside wall of the pore. These phenomena are a
function of the pore size, the non-additivity parameter, the bulk number
density, and particles relative number fraction. We discuss our results in
relation to the phase separation in the bulk.


title: Irrationality measure and lower bounds for pi(x)

abstract:
  In this note we show how the irrationality measure of $\zeta(s) = \pi^2/6$
can be used to obtain explicit lower bounds for $\pi(x)$. We analyze the key
ingredients of the proof of the finiteness of the irrationality measure, and
show how to obtain good lower bounds for $\pi(x)$ from these arguments as well.
While versions of some of the results here have been done by other authors, our
arguments are more elementary and yield a lower bound of order $x/\log x$ as a
natural boundary.


title: Charmed signatures for phase transitions in heavy-ion collisions

abstract:
  The interplay of charmonium production and suppression in In+In and Pb+Pb
reactions at 158 AGeV and in Au+Au reactions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV is investigated
with the HSD transport approach within the `hadronic comover model' and the
`QGP melting scenario'. The results for the J/Psi suppression and the Psi' to
J/Psi ratio are compared to the recent data of the NA50, NA60, and PHENIX
Collaborations. We find that, at 158 AGeV, the comover absorption model
performs better than the scenario of abrupt threshold melting. However, neither
interaction with hadrons alone nor simple color screening satisfactory
describes the data at sqrt(s)=200 GeV. A deconfined phase is clearly reached at
RHIC, but a theory having the relevant degrees of freedom in this regime
(strongly interacting quarks/gluons) is needed to study its transport
properties.


title: D-Terms from Generalized NS-NS Fluxes in Type II

abstract:
  Orientifolds of type II string theory admit a certain set of generalized
NS-NS fluxes, including not only the three-form field strength H, but also
metric and non-geometric fluxes, which are related to H by T-duality. We
describe in general how these fluxes appear as parameters of an effective N=1
supergravity theory in four dimensions, and in particular how certain
generalized NS-NS fluxes can act as charges for R-R axions, leading to D-term
contributions to the effective scalar potential. We illustrate these phenomena
in type IIB with the example of a certain orientifold of T^6/Z_4.


title:
Manipulating atoms in an optical lattice: Fractional fermion number and
  its optical quantum measurement

abstract:
  We provide a detailed analysis of our previously proposed scheme [Phys. Rev.
Lett. 88, 180401, (2002)] to engineer the profile of the hopping amplitudes for
atomic gases in a 1D optical lattice so that the particle number becomes
fractional. We consider a constructed system of a dilute two-species gas of
fermionic atoms where the two components are coupled via a coherent
electromagnetic field with a topologically nontrivial phase profile. We show
both analytically and numerically how the resulting atomic Hamiltonian in a
prepared dimerized optical lattice with a defect in the pattern of alternating
hopping amplitudes exhibits a fractional fermion number. In particular, in the
low-energy limit we demonstrate the equivalence of the atomic Hamiltonian to a
relativistic Dirac Hamiltonian describing fractionalization in quantum field
theory. Expanding on our earlier argument [Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 150404 (2003)]
we show how the fractional eigenvalues of the particle number operator can be
detected via light scattering. In particular, we show how scattering of far-off
resonant light can convey information about the counting statistics of the
atoms in an optical lattice, including state-selective atom density profiles
and atom number fluctuations. Optical detection could provide a truly quantum
mechanical measurement of the particle number fractionalization in a dilute
atomic gas.

categories: cond-mat.other cond-mat.str-el hep-ph hep-th quant-ph


title: L^p-estimates for the wave equation associated to the Grushin operator

abstract:
  Let G:=-((d/dx)^2+x^2(d/du)^2) denote the Grusin operator on R^2. Consider
the Cauchy problem for the associated wave equation on R x R^2, given by
((d/dt)^2+G)v =0, v(0,.)=f, d/dt v(0,.)=g, where t denotes time and f, g are
suitable functions. The focus of this thesis lies on smoothness properties of
the solution v for fixed time t with respect to the initial data. Smoothness
can be measured in terms of Sobolev norms
|f|_Lp^\alpha:=|(1+G)^{\alpha/2}f|_Lp, defined in terms of the differential
operator G. Let S_C denote the strip S_C:={(x,u) in R^2, |x|<=C} in R^2. We
prove that for 1<=p<=\infty the solution v is in L_p^{-\alpha} if our initial
data f and g are Lp-functions supported in a fixed strip S_C, C>0, and if
\alpha>|1/p-1/2| holds. In fact, we show that for every C>0 the operator
\exp(itG^{1/2})(1+G)^{-\alpha/2}, defined for Schwartz functions, extends to a
bounded operator from Lp(S_C) to Lp(R^2) for all \alpha>|1/p-1/2|.


title: Graphs of Transportation Polytopes

abstract:
  This paper discusses properties of the graphs of 2-way and 3-way
transportation polytopes, in particular, their possible numbers of vertices and
their diameters. Our main results include a quadratic bound on the diameter of
axial 3-way transportation polytopes and a catalogue of non-degenerate
transportation polytopes of small sizes. The catalogue disproves five
conjectures about these polyhedra stated in the monograph by Yemelichev et al.
(1984). It also allowed us to discover some new results. For example, we prove
that the number of vertices of an $m\times n$ transportation polytope is a
multiple of the greatest common divisor of $m$ and $n$.


title:
White Dwarf Luminosity and Mass Functions from Sloan Digital Sky Survey
  Spectra

abstract:
  We present the first phase in our ongoing work to use Sloan Digital Sky
Survey (SDSS) data to create separate white dwarf (WD) luminosity functions for
two or more different mass ranges. In this paper, we determine the completeness
of the SDSS spectroscopic white dwarf sample by comparing a proper-motion
selected sample of WDs from SDSS imaging data with a large catalog of
spectroscopically determined WDs. We derive a selection probability as a
function of a single color (g-i) and apparent magnitude (g) that covers the
range -1.0 < g-i < 0.2 and 15 < g < 19.5. We address the observed upturn in log
g for white dwarfs with Teff <~ 12,000K and offer arguments that the problem is
limited to the line profiles and is not present in the continuum. We offer an
empirical method of removing the upturn, recovering a reasonable mass function
for white dwarfs with Teff < 12,000K. Finally, we present a white dwarf
luminosity function with nearly an order of magnitude (3,358) more
spectroscopically confirmed white dwarfs than any previous work.


title: On the Localized superluminal Solutions to the Maxwell Equations

abstract:
  In the first part of this article the various experimental sectors of physics
in which Superluminal motions seem to appear are briefly mentioned, after a
sketchy theoretical introduction. In particular, a panoramic view is presented
of the experiments with evanescent waves (and/or tunneling photons), and with
the "Localized superluminal Solutions" (SLS) to the wave equation, like the
so-called X-shaped waves. In the second part of this paper we present a series
of new SLSs to the Maxwell equations, suitable for arbitrary frequencies and
arbitrary bandwidths: some of them being endowed with finite total energy.
Among the others, we set forth an infinite family of generalizations of the
classic X-shaped wave; and show how to deal with the case of a dispersive
medium. Results of this kind may find application in other fields in which an
essential role is played by a wave-equation (like acoustics, seismology,
geophysics, gravitation, elementary particle physics, etc.). This e-print, in
large part a review, was prepared for the special issue on "Nontraditional
Forms of Light" of the IEEE JSTQE (2003); and a preliminary version of it
appeared as Report NSF-ITP-02-93 (KITP, UCSB; 2002). Further material can be
found in the recent e-prints arXiv:0708.1655v2 [physics.gen-ph] and
arXiv:0708.1209v1 [physics.gen-ph]. The case of the very interesting (and more
orthodox, in a sense) subluminal Localized Waves, solutions to the wave
equations, will be dealt with in a coming paper. [Keywords: Wave equation; Wave
propagation; Localized solutions to Maxwell equations; Superluminal waves;
Bessel beams; Limited-dispersion beams; Electromagnetic wavelets; X-shaped
waves; Finite-energy beams; Optics; Electromagnetism; Microwaves; Special
relativity]


title:
Deepest Near-IR Surface Photometry of Galaxies in the Local Sphere of
  Influence

abstract:
  We present near-IR, deep (4 mag deeper than 2MASS) imaging of 56 Local Volume
galaxies. Global parameters such as total magnitudes and stellar masses have
been derived and the new near-IR data combined with existing 21cm and optical
B-band data. We present multiwavelength relations such as the HI mass-to-light
ratio and investigate the maximum total baryonic mass a galaxy can have.


title:
Radially Symmetric Nonlinear States of Harmonically Trapped
  Bose-Einstein Condensates

abstract:
  Starting from the spectrum of the radially symmetric quantum harmonic
oscillator in two dimensions, we create a large set of nonlinear solutions. The
relevant three principal branches, with $n_r=0,1$ and 2 radial nodes
respectively, are systematically continued as a function of the chemical
potential and their linear stability is analyzed in detail, in the absence as
well as in the presence of topological charge $m$, i.e., vorticity. It is found
that for repulsive interatomic interactions {\it only} the ground state is {\it
linearly stable} throughout the parameter range examined. Furthermore, this is
true for topological charges $m=0$ or $m=1$; solutions with higher topological
charge can be unstable even in that case. All higher excited states are found
to be unstable in a wide parametric regime. However, for the
focusing/attractive case the ground state with $n_r=0$ and $m=0$ can only be
stable for a sufficiently low number of atoms. Once again, excited states are
found to be generically unstable. For unstable profiles, the dynamical
evolution of the corresponding branches is also followed to monitor the
temporal development of the instability.


title: Computing Solar Absolute Fluxes

abstract:
  Computed color indices and spectral shapes for individual stars are routinely
compared with observations for essentially all spectral types, but absolute
fluxes are rarely tested. We can confront observed irradiances with the
predictions from model atmospheres for a few stars with accurate angular
diameter measurements, notably the Sun. Previous calculations have been
hampered by inconsistencies and the use of outdated atomic data and abundances.
I provide here a progress report on our current efforts to compute absolute
fluxes for solar model photospheres. Uncertainties in the solar composition
constitute a significant source of error in computing solar radiative fluxes.


title:
Can Old Galaxies at High Redshifts and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
  Constrain H_0?

abstract:
  A new age-redshift test is proposed in order to constrain $H_0$ with basis on
the existence of old high redshift galaxies (OHRG). As should be expected, the
estimates of $H_0$ based on the OHRG are heavily dependent on the cosmological
description. In the flat concordance model ($\Lambda$CDM), for example, the
value of $H_0$ depends on the mass density parameter $\Omega_M=1 -
\Omega_{\Lambda}$. Such a degeneracy can be broken trough a joint analysis
involving the OHRG and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) signature. In the
framework of the $\Lambda CDM$ model our joint analysis yields a value of
$H_0=71^{+4}_{-4}\kms$ Mpc$^{-1}$ ($1\sigma$) with the best fit density
parameter $\Omega_M=0.27\pm0.03$. Such results are in good agreement with
independent studies from the {\it{Hubble Space Telescope}} key project and the
recent estimates of WMAP, thereby suggesting that the combination of these two
independent phenomena provides an interesting method to constrain the Hubble
constant.


title: Bregman Voronoi Diagrams: Properties, Algorithms and Applications

abstract:
  The Voronoi diagram of a finite set of objects is a fundamental geometric
structure that subdivides the embedding space into regions, each region
consisting of the points that are closer to a given object than to the others.
We may define many variants of Voronoi diagrams depending on the class of
objects, the distance functions and the embedding space. In this paper, we
investigate a framework for defining and building Voronoi diagrams for a broad
class of distance functions called Bregman divergences. Bregman divergences
include not only the traditional (squared) Euclidean distance but also various
divergence measures based on entropic functions. Accordingly, Bregman Voronoi
diagrams allow to define information-theoretic Voronoi diagrams in statistical
parametric spaces based on the relative entropy of distributions. We define
several types of Bregman diagrams, establish correspondences between those
diagrams (using the Legendre transformation), and show how to compute them
efficiently. We also introduce extensions of these diagrams, e.g. k-order and
k-bag Bregman Voronoi diagrams, and introduce Bregman triangulations of a set
of points and their connexion with Bregman Voronoi diagrams. We show that these
triangulations capture many of the properties of the celebrated Delaunay
triangulation. Finally, we give some applications of Bregman Voronoi diagrams
which are of interest in the context of computational geometry and machine
learning.


title: Scalar and vector meson propagation in asymmetric nuclear matter

abstract:
  The propagation of the scalar (\sigma and \delta) and vector (\omega and
\rho) mesons in an iso-asymmetric nuclear matter is studied in detail, using
the Walecka model. We calculate the invariant masses and spectral functions of
the mesons, including the effect of meson mixing. At finite density, the mixing
effect is quite important in the propagation of the scalar and (longitudinal)
vector mesons. In the \sigma channel, we find a three-peak structure in the
spectral function, caused by the mixing effect.


title:
Anomalous optical transmission through a vortex lattice in a film of
  type-II superconductor

abstract:
  We study the effect of anomalous optical transmission through an array of
vortices in a type-II superconducting film subjected to a strong magnetic
field. The mechanism responsible for this effect is resonance transmission
between two surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) in the system. The SPP band gap in
the system is studied as a function of magnetic field and temperature. Control
of transmission by varying magnetic field and/or temperature is analyzed.


title:
High pressure study on the strong-coupling superconductivity in
  non-centrosymmetric compound CeIrSi_3

abstract:
  We have carried out high pressure experiment on the pressure-induced
superconductor CeIrSi$_3$ without inversion center. The electrical resistivity
and ac heat capacity were measured in the same run for the same sample. The
critical pressure of the antiferromagnetic state was determined to be $P_{\rm
c}$ = 2.25 GPa. The heat capacity $C_{\rm ac}$ shows both antiferromagnetic and
superconducting transitions at pressures close to $P_{\rm c}$. The
superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm sc}$ shows a maximum value of
1.6 K around $2.5-2.7$ GPa. At 2.58 GPa, a large heat capacity anomaly was
observed at $T_{\rm sc}$ = 1.59 K. The jump of the heat capacity in the form of
${\Delta}{C_{\rm ac}}/C_{\rm ac}(T_{\rm sc})$ is 5.7 $\pm$ 0.1. This is the
largest value observed among all superconductors studied previously, suggesting
the strong-coupling superconductivity in CeIrSi$_3$. The large magnitude and
anisotropy of the upper critical field $B_{\rm c2}$ at 2.65 GPa is discussed
from view points of the strong-coupling superconductivity and the reduced
paramagnetic effect in the non-centrosymmetric superconductor. Above $P_{\rm
c}$, the electrical resistivity shows the anomalous $T$-linear dependence in
the wide temperature region from $T_{\rm sc}$ to 30 K, which is different from
the Fermi liquid theory. Meanwhile, the heat capacity $C_{\rm ac}/T$ shows a
simple temperature dependence in the normal state above $T_{\rm sc}$. These
features do not seem to be explained simply by the spin fluctuation theory. The
electronic specific heat coefficient at $T_{\rm sc}$ is approximately unchanged
as a function of pressure, even at $P_{\rm c}$.


title:
Statistical Investigation of Connected Structures of Stock Networks in
  Financial Time Series

abstract:
  In this study, we have investigated factors of determination which can affect
the connected structure of a stock network. The representative index for
topological properties of a stock network is the number of links with other
stocks. We used the multi-factor model, extensively acknowledged in financial
literature. In the multi-factor model, common factors act as independent
variables while returns of individual stocks act as dependent variables. We
calculated the coefficient of determination, which represents the measurement
value of the degree in which dependent variables are explained by independent
variables. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between the number of
links in the stock network and the coefficient of determination in the
multi-factor model. We used individual stocks traded on the market indices of
Korea, Japan, Canada, Italy and the UK. The results are as follows. We found
that the mean coefficient of determination of stocks with a large number of
links have higher values than those with a small number of links with other
stocks. These results suggest that common factors are significantly
deterministic factors to be taken into account when making a stock network.
Furthermore, stocks with a large number of links to other stocks can be more
affected by common factors.


title:
A complete proof of The Graceful Tree Conjecture using the concept of
  Edge Degree

abstract: We show the Graceful Tree Conjecture holds.


title: Linear maps preserving fibers

abstract:
  Let $G\subset\GL(V)$ be a complex reductive group where $\dim V<\infty$, and
let $\pi\colon V\to\quot VG$ be the categorical quotient. Let
$\NN:=\pi\inv\pi(0)$ be the null cone of $V$, let $H_0$ be the subgroup of
$\GL(V)$ which preserves the ideal $\I$ of $\NN$ and let $H$ be a Levi subgroup
of $H_0$ containing $G$. We determine the identity component of $H$. In many
cases we show that $H=H_0$. For adjoint representations we have $H=H_0$ and we
determine $H$ completely. We also investigate the subgroup $G_F$ of $\GL(V)$
preserving a fiber $F$ of $\pi$ when $V$ is an irreducible cofree $G$-module.


title: Self-consistent triaxial de Zeeuw-Carollo Models

abstract:
  We use the usual method of Schwarzschild to construct self-consistent
solutions for the triaxial de Zeeuw & Carollo (1996) models with central
density cusps. ZC96 models are triaxial generalisations of spherical
$\gamma$-models of Dehnen whose densities vary as $r^{-\gamma}$ near the center
and $r^{-4}$ at large radii and hence, possess a central density core for
$\gamma=0$ and cusps for $\gamma > 0$. We consider four triaxial models from
ZC96, two prolate triaxials: $(p, q) = (0.65, 0.60)$ with $\gamma = 1.0$ and
1.5, and two oblate triaxials: $(p, q) = (0.95, 0.60)$ with $\gamma = 1.0$ and
1.5. We compute 4500 orbits in each model for time periods of $10^{5} T_{D}$.
We find that a large fraction of the orbits in each model are stochastic by
means of their nonzero Liapunov exponents. The stochastic orbits in each model
can sustain regular shapes for $\sim 10^{3} T_{D}$ or longer, which suggests
that they diffuse slowly through their allowed phase-space. Except for the
oblate triaxial models with $\gamma =1.0$, our attempts to construct
self-consistent solutions employing only the regular orbits fail for the
remaining three models. However, the self-consistent solutions are found to
exist for all models when the stochastic and regular orbits are treated in the
same way because the mixing-time, $\sim10^{4} T_{D}$, is shorter than the
integration time, $10^{5} T_{D}$. Moreover, the ``fully-mixed'' solutions can
also be constructed for all models when the stochastic orbits are fully mixed
at 15 lowest energy shells. Thus, we conclude that the self-consistent
solutions exist for our selected prolate and oblate triaxial models with
$\gamma = 1.0$ and 1.5.


title:
Ferromagnetism of two-flavor quark matter in chiral and/or
  color-superconducting phases at zero and finite temperatures

abstract:
  We study the phase structure of the unpolarized and polarized two-flavor
quark matters at zero and finite temperatures within the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio
(NJL) model. We focus on the region, which includes the coexisting phase of
quark-antiquark and diquark condensates. Generalizing the NJL model so as to
describe the polarized quark matter, we compute the thermodynamic potential as
a function of the quark chemical potential ($\mu$), the temperature ($T$), and
the polarization parameter. The result heavily depends on the ratio $G_D /
G_S$, where $G_S$ is the quark-antiquark coupling constant and $G_D$ is the
diquark coupling constant. We find that, for small $G_D / G_S$, the
"ferromagnetic" phase is energetically favored over the "paramagnetic" phase.
On the other hand, for large $G_D / G_S$, there appears the window in the
($\mu, T$)-plane, in which the "paramagnetic" phase is favored.


title: Newton's method on Gra{\ss}mann manifolds

abstract:
  A general class of Newton algorithms on Gra{\ss}mann and
Lagrange-Gra{\ss}mann manifolds is introduced, that depends on an arbitrary
pair of local coordinates. Local quadratic convergence of the algorithm is
shown under a suitable condition on the choice of coordinate systems. Our
result extends and unifies previous convergence results for Newton's method on
a manifold. Using special choices of the coordinates, new numerical algorithms
are derived for principal component analysis and invariant subspace
computations with improved computational complexity properties.


title:
Strong collisionless damping of the low-velocity branch of
  electromagnetic wave in plasmas with Maxwellian-like electron velocity
  distribution function

abstract:
  After approximate replacing of Maxwellian distribution exponent with the
rational polynomial fraction we have obtained precise analytical expression for
and calculated the principal value of logarithmically divergent integral in the
electron wave dispersion equation. At the same time our calculations have shown
the presence of strong collisionless damping of the electromagnetic
low-velocity (electron) wave in plasmas with Maxwellian-like electron velocity
distribution function at some small, of the order of several per cents,
differences from Maxwellian distribution in the main region of large electron
densities, however due to the differences in the distribution tail, where
electron density itself is negligibly small.


title:
Relationships between the HI 21-cm line strength, MgII equivalent width
  and metallicity in damped Lyman-alpha absorption systems

abstract:
  We present the results of a survey for 21-cm absorption in four never
previously searched damped Lyman-alpha absorption systems (DLAs) with the
Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope. We add our results to other recent
studies in order to address the important issues regarding the detection of
cold gas, through 21-cm absorption, in DLAs: Although, due to the DLAs
identified with spiral galaxies, there is a mix of spin temperature/covering
factor ratios at low redshift, two recent high redshift end points confirm that
this ratio does not generally rise over the whole redshift range searched (up
to z = 3.39). That is, if the covering factors of many of these galaxies were a
factor of >2 smaller than for the spirals, then no significant difference in
the spin temperatures between these two classes would be required.
  Furthermore, although it is difficult to separate the relative contributions
of the spin temperature and covering factor, the new results confirm that 21-cm
detections tend to occur at low angular diameter distances, where the coverage
of a given absorption cross section is maximised.
  Finally, we also find an apparent 21-cm line strength--MgII equivalent width
correlation, which appears to be due to a coupling of the velocity structure
between the components that each species traces. That is, the gas seen in 21-cm
absorption could be the same as that seen in optical absorption. Combined with
the known equivalent width--metallicity relation, this may be manifest as a
spin temperature--metallicity anti-correlation, which is non-evolutionary in
origin.


title: Glueball Decay in Holographic QCD

abstract:
  Using holographic QCD based on D4-branes and D8-anti-D8-branes, we have
computed couplings of glueballs to light mesons. We describe glueball decay by
explicitly calculating its decay widths and branching ratios. Interestingly,
while glueballs remain less well understood both theoretically and
experimentally, our results are found to be consistent with the experimental
data for the scalar glueball candidate f_0(1500). More generally, holographic
QCD predicts that decay of any glueball to 4 $\pi_0$ is surpressed, and that
mixing of the lightest glueball with $q\bar{q}$ mesons is small.


title:
Topological Properties of Stock Networks Based on Random Matrix Theory
  in Financial Time Series

abstract:
  We investigated the topological properties of stock networks through a
comparison of the original stock network with the estimated stock network from
the correlation matrix created by the random matrix theory (RMT). We used
individual stocks traded on the market indices of Korea, Japan, Canada, the
USA, Italy, and the UK. The results are as follows. As the correlation matrix
reflects the more eigenvalue property, the estimated stock network from the
correlation matrix gradually increases the degree of consistency with the
original stock network. Each stock with a different number of links to other
stocks in the original stock network shows a different response. In particular,
the largest eigenvalue is a significant deterministic factor in terms of the
formation of a stock network.


title:
Knot in Cen A: Stochastic Magnetic Field for Diffusive Synchrotron
  Radiation?

abstract:
  The emission of relativistic electrons moving in the random and small-scale
magnetic field is presented by diffusive synchrotron radiation (DSR). In this
Letter, we revisit the perturbative treatment of DSR. We propose that random
and small-scale magnetic field might be generated by the turbulence. As an
example, multi-band radiation of the knot in Cen A comes from the electrons
with energy $\gamma_e\sim 10^3-10^4$ in the magnetic field of $10^{-3}G$. The
multi-band spectrum of DSR is well determined by the feature of stochastic
magnetic field. These results put strong constraint to the models of particle
acceleration.


title:
Possible time-variability of the fine-structure constant expected from
  the accelerating universe

abstract:
  We present a theoretical calculation on the time-variability of the
fine-structure constant to fit the result of the recent precise analysis of the
measurement of the QSO absorption lines. We find the parameters and initial
values of the scalar-tensor theory to be determined much more accurately than
fitting the accelerating universe itself, but leading not to easy detections of
the effect on the equation of state of the dark energy in the earlier epochs.


title:
Molecular Bose-Einstein condensation in a versatile low power crossed
  dipole trap

abstract:
  We produce Bose-Einstein condensates of 6Li2 molecules in a low power (22 W)
crossed optical dipole trap. Fermionic 6Li atoms are collected in a
magneto-optical trap from a Zeeman slowed atomic beam, then loaded into the
optical dipole trap where they are evaporatively cooled to quantum degeneracy.
Our simplified system offers a high degree of flexibility in trapping geometry
for studying ultracold Fermi and Bose gases.


title:
Gauge fields, quantized fluxes and monopole confinement of the honeycomb
  lattice

abstract:
  Electron hopping models on the honeycomb lattice are studied. The lattice
consists of two triangular sublattices, and it is non-Bravais. The dual space
has non-trivial topology. The gauge fields of Bloch electrons have the U(1)
symmetry and thus represent superconducting states in the dual space. Two
quantized Abrikosov fluxes exist at the Dirac points and have fluxes $2pi$ and
$-2pi$, respectively. We define the non-Abelian SO(3) gauge theory in the
extended 3$d$ dual space and it is shown that a monopole and anti-monoplole
solution is stable. The SO(3) gauge group is broken down to U(1) at the 2$d$
boundary.The Abrikosov fluxes are related to quantized Hall conductance by the
topological expression. Based on this, monopole confinement and deconfinement
are discussed in relation to time reversal symmetry and QHE.
  The Jahn-Teller effect is briefly discussed.


title:
Rational interpolation and mixed inverse spectral problem for finite CMV
  matrices

abstract:
  For finite dimensional CMV matrices the mixed inverse spectral problem of
reconstruction the matrix by its submatrix and a part of its spectrum is
considered. A general rational interpolation problem which arises in solving
the mixed inverse spectral problem is studied, and the description of the space
of its solutions is given. We apply the developed technique to give sufficient
conditions for the uniqueness of the solution of the mixed inverse spectral
problem.


title: Measure of a 2-component link

abstract:
  A two-component link produces a torus as the product of the component knots
in a two-point configuration space of a three-sphere. This space can be
identified with a cotangent bundle and also with an indefinite Grassmannian. We
show that the integration of the absolute value of the canonical symplectic
form is equal to the area of the torus with respect to the pseudo-Riemannian
structure, and that it attains the minimum only at the "best" Hopf links.


title: The stability of quantum Markov filters

abstract:
  When are quantum filters asymptotically independent of the initial state? We
show that this is the case for absolutely continuous initial states when the
quantum stochastic model satisfies an observability condition. When the initial
system is finite dimensional, this condition can be verified explicitly in
terms of a rank condition on the coefficients of the associated quantum
stochastic differential equation.


title: A classification of prime-valent regular Cayley maps on some groups

abstract:
  A Cayley map is a 2-cell embedding of a Cayley graph into an orientable
surface with the same local orientation induced by a cyclic permutation of
generators at each vertex. In this paper, we provide classifications of
prime-valent regular Cayley maps on abelian groups, dihedral groups and
dicyclic groups. Consequently, we show that all prime-valent regular Cayley
maps on dihedral groups are balanced and all prime-valent regular Cayley maps
on abelian groups are either balanced or anti-balanced. Furthermore, we prove
that there is no prime-valent regular Cayley map on any dicyclic group.


title: The Approach to the Thermodynamic Limit in Lattice QCD at \mu\neq0

abstract:
  The expectation value of the complex phase factor of the fermion determinant
is computed to leading order in the $p$-expansion of the chiral Lagrangian. The
computation is valid for $\mu<m_\pi/2$ and determines the dependence of the
sign problem on the volume and on the geometric shape of the volume. In the
thermodynamic limit with $ L_i \to \infty $ at fixed temperature $1/L_0$, the
average phase factor vanishes. In the low temperature limit where $L_i/L_0$ is
fixed as $L_i$ becomes large the average phase factor approaches one. The
results for a finite volume compare well with lattice results obtained by
Allton {\it et al}.. After taking appropriate limits, we reproduce previously
derived results for the $\epsilon$-regime and for 1-dimensional QCD. The
distribution of the phase itself is also computed.


title:
Determination of S- and P-wave helicity amplitudes and non-unitary
  evolution of pion creation process pi(-)p -> pi(-)pi(+)n on polarized target

abstract:
  We present the first model independent determination of S- and P-wave
helicity amplitudes from CERN measurements of pi(-)p -> pi(-)pi(+)n on
polarized target at small t and dipion masses 580-1080 MeV. The purely
analytical determination of the helicity amplitudes is made possible by our
finding analytical solution for relative phase omega_ij between S-wave
amplitudes S_d and S_u of opposite transversity for each set of solutions for
transversity amplitudes A_u(i), A_d(j),i,j=1,2. Of the six possible solutions
for omega_ij only the solution with omega_ij=pi yields physical helicity
amplitudes. Assigning rho^0(770) phase to the dominant P-wave helicity flip
amplitude L_1(ij) necessitates a phase of the S-wave helicity flip amplitude
S_1(ij) that is near to the rho^0(770) phase.These two amplitudes are
consistent with rho^0(770)-f_0(980) mixing. The relative phases omega_ij=pi
satisfy certain selfconsistency relation that must be satisfied in order for
the four sets of solutions A_u(i),A_d(j),i,j=1,2 to be all physical solutions
that can be identified with coevolution amplitudes describing the interaction
of the pion creation process with a quantum environment. This test on phases
omega_ij provides a new test of Kraus representation of the mixed final state
density matrix. We show that the probabilities p_ij determining the final state
rho_f in terms of solution states rho_f(ij) can be determined in measurements
of recoil hyperon polarization in pi(-)p->pi(-)K(+)Lambda0 on polarized target.


title:
Correlation between the Charged Current Interactions of Light and Heavy
  Majorana Neutrinos

abstract:
  The evidence for neutrino oscillations implies that three neutrino flavors
(\nu_e, \nu_\mu, \nu_\tau) must have different mass states (\nu_1, \nu_2,
\nu_3). The most popular idea of generating tiny masses of \nu_i is to
introduce three heavy Majorana neutrinos N_i (for i = 1, 2, 3) into the
standard model and implement the seesaw mechanism. In this approach the
neutrino mixing matrix V appearing in the charged current interactions of \nu_i
is not unitary, and the strength of unitarity violation of V is associated with
the matrix R which describes the strength of charged current interactions of
N_i. We present an explicit parametrization of the correlation between V and R
in terms of nine rotation angles and nine phase angles, which can be measured
or constrained in the precision neutrino oscillation experiments and by
exploring possible signatures of N_i at the LHC and ILC. Two special but viable
scenarios, the Type-I seesaw model with two heavy Majorana neutrinos and the
Type-II seesaw model with one heavy Majorana neutrino and one Higgs triplet,
are taken into account to illustrate the simplified V-R correlation. The
implications of R \neq 0 on the low-energy neutrino phenomenology are also
discussed. In particular, we demonstrate that the non-unitarity of V is
possible to give rise to an appreciable CP-violating asymmetry between \nu_\mu
-> \nu_\tau and \bar{\nu}_\mu -> \bar{\nu}_\tau oscillations with short or
medium baselines.


title:
First-order restoration of SU(Nf) x SU(Nf) chiral symmetry with large Nf
  and Electroweak phase transition

abstract:
  It has been argued by Pisarski and Wilczek that finite temperature
restoration of the chiral symmetry SU(Nf) x SU(Nf) is first-order for Nf >=3.
This type of chiral symmetry with a large Nf may appear in the Higgs sector if
one considers models such as walking technicolor theories. We examine the
first-order restoration of the chiral symmetry from the point of view of the
electroweak phase transition. The strength of the transition is estimated in
SU(2) x U(1) gauged linear sigma model by means of the finite temperature
effective potential at one-loop with the ring improvement. Even if the mass of
the neutral scalar boson corresponding to the Higgs boson is larger than 114
GeV, the first-order transition can be strong enough for the electroweak
baryogenesis, as long as the extra massive scalar bosons (required for the
linear realization) are kept heavier than the neutral scalar boson. Explicit
symmetry breaking terms reduce the strength of the first-order transition, but
the transition can remain strongly first-order even when the masses of pseudo
Nambu-Goldstone bosons become as large as the current lower bound of direct
search experiments.


title:
Stochastic Variational Partitioned Runge-Kutta Integrators for
  Constrained Systems

abstract:
  Stochastic variational integrators for constrained, stochastic mechanical
systems are developed in this paper. The main results of the paper are twofold:
an equivalence is established between a stochastic Hamilton-Pontryagin (HP)
principle in generalized coordinates and constrained coordinates via Lagrange
multipliers, and variational partitioned Runge-Kutta (VPRK) integrators are
extended to this class of systems. Among these integrators are first and
second-order strongly convergent RATTLE-type integrators. We prove order of
accuracy of the methods provided. The paper also reviews the deterministic
treatment of VPRK integrators from the HP viewpoint.


title:
Damping of field-induced chemical potential oscillations in ideal
  two-band compensated metals

abstract:
  The field and temperature dependence of the de Haas-van Alphen oscillations
spectrum is studied for an ideal two-dimensional compensated metal. It is shown
that the chemical potential oscillations, involved in the frequency
combinations observed in the case of uncompensated orbits, are strongly damped
and can even be suppressed when the effective masses of the electron- and
hole-type orbits are the same. When magnetic breakdown between bands occurs,
this damping is even more pronounced and the Lifshits-Kosevich formalism
accounts for the data in a wide field range.


title: Self-similar dilatation structures and automata

abstract:
  We show that on the boundary of the dyadic tree, any self-similar dilatation
structure induces a web of interacting automata. This is a short version, for
publication, of the paper arXiv:math/0612509v2


title: Improved Linear Parallel Interference Cancellers

abstract:
  In this paper, taking the view that a linear parallel interference canceller
(LPIC) can be seen as a linear matrix filter, we propose new linear matrix
filters that can result in improved bit error performance compared to other
LPICs in the literature. The motivation for the proposed filters arises from
the possibility of avoiding the generation of certain interference and noise
terms in a given stage that would have been present in a conventional LPIC
(CLPIC). In the proposed filters, we achieve such avoidance of the generation
of interference and noise terms in a given stage by simply making the diagonal
elements of a certain matrix in that stage equal to zero. Hence, the proposed
filters do not require additional complexity compared to the CLPIC, and they
can allow achieving a certain error performance using fewer LPIC stages. We
also extend the proposed matrix filter solutions to a multicarrier DS-CDMA
system, where we consider two types of receivers. In one receiver (referred to
as Type-I receiver), LPIC is performed on each subcarrier first, followed by
multicarrier combining (MCC). In the other receiver (called Type-II receiver),
MCC is performed first, followed by LPIC. We show that in both Type-I and
Type-II receivers, the proposed matrix filters outperform other matrix filters.
Also, Type-II receiver performs better than Type-I receiver because of enhanced
accuracy of the interference estimates achieved due to frequency diversity
offered by MCC.


title:
Discovery of Bragg confined hybrid modes with high Q-factor in a hollow
  dielectric resonator

abstract:
  The authors report on observation of Bragg confined mode in a hollow
cylindrical dielectric cavity. A resonance was observed at 13.4 $GHz$ with an
unloaded Q-factor of order $2\times10^5$, which is more than a factor of 6
above the dielectric loss limit. Previously such modes have only been realized
from pure Transverse Electric modes with no azimuthal variations and only the
$E_{\phi}$ component. From rigorous numeric simulations it is shown that the
mode is a hybrid mode with non-zero azimuthal variations and with dominant
$E_r$ and $E_{\phi}$ electric field components and $H_z$ magnetic field
component.


title: On the Magnitude of Dark Energy Voids and Overdensities

abstract:
  We investigate the clustering of dark energy within matter overdensities and
voids. In particular, we derive an analytical expression for the dark energy
density perturbations, which is valid both in the linear, quasi-linear and
fully non-linear regime of structure formation. We also investigate the
possibility of detecting such dark energy clustering through the ISW effect. In
the case of uncoupled quintessence models, if the mass of the field is of order
the Hubble scale today or smaller, dark energy fluctuations are always small
compared to the matter density contrast. Even when the matter perturbations
enter the non-linear regime, the dark energy perturbations remain linear. We
find that virialised clusters and voids correspond to local overdensities in
dark energy, with $\delta_{\phi}/(1+w) \sim \Oo(10^{-5})$ for voids,
$\delta_{\phi}/(1+w) \sim \Oo(10^{-4})$ for super-voids and
$\delta_{\phi}/(1+w) \sim \Oo(10^{-5})$ for a typical virialised cluster. If
voids with radii of $100-300 {\rm Mpc}$ exist within the visible Universe then
$\delta_{\phi}$ may be as large as $10^{-3}(1+w)$. Linear overdensities of
matter and super-clusters generally correspond to local voids in dark energy;
for a typical super-cluster: $\delta_{\phi}/(1+w) \sim \Oo(-10^{-5})$. The
approach taken in this work could be straightforwardly extended to study the
clustering of more general dark energy models.


title:
Electronic structure of spin 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic systems:
  Ba_2Cu(PO_4)_2 and Sr_2Cu(PO_4)_2

abstract:
  We have employed first principles calculations to study the electronic
structure and magnetic properties of the low-dimensional phosphates,
Ba2Cu(PO4)2 and Sr2Cu(PO4)2. Using the self-consistent tight-binding lin-
earized muffin-tin orbital method and the Nth order muffin-tin orbital method,
we have calculated the various intrachain as well as the interchain hopping
parameters between the magnetic ions Cu2+ for both the com- pounds. We find
that the nearest-neighbor intrachain hopping t is the dominant interaction
suggesting the compounds to be indeed one dimensional. Our analysis of the band
dispersion, orbital projected band struc- tures, and the hopping parameters
confirms that the Cu2+-Cu2+ super-super exchange interaction takes place along
the crystallographic b direction mediated by O-P-O. We have also analyzed in
detail the origin of short-range exchange interaction for these systems. Our ab
initio estimate of the ratio of the exchange inter- action of Sr2Cu(PO4)2 to
that of Ba2Cu(PO4)2 compares excellently with available experimental results.


title: Novel QCD Effects from Initial and Final State Interactions

abstract:
  Initial-state and final-state interactions, which are conventionally
neglected in the parton model, have a profound effect in QCD hard-scattering
reactions. These effects, which arise from gluon exchange between the active
and spectator quarks, cause leading-twist single-spin asymmetries, diffractive
deep inelastic scattering, diffractive hard hadronic reactions, and the
breakdown of the Lam-Tung relation in Drell-Yan reactions. Diffractive deep
inelastic scattering also leads to nuclear shadowing and non-universal
antishadowing of nuclear structure functions through multiple scattering
reactions in the nuclear target. Factorization-breaking effects are
particularly important for hard hadron interactions since both initial-state
and final-state interactions appear. Related factorization breaking effects can
also appear in exclusive electroproduction reactions and in deeply virtual
Compton scattering. None of the effects of initial-state and final-state
interactions are incorporated in the light-front wavefunctions of the target
hadron computed in isolation.


title: Hard X-ray Variability of AGN

abstract:
  Aims: Active Galactic Nuclei are known to be variable throughout the
electromagnetic spectrum. An energy domain poorly studied in this respect is
the hard X-ray range above 20 keV.
  Methods: The first 9 months of the Swift/BAT all-sky survey are used to study
the 14 - 195 keV variability of the 44 brightest AGN. The sources have been
selected due to their detection significance of >10 sigma. We tested the
variability using a maximum likelihood estimator and by analysing the structure
function.
  Results: Probing different time scales, it appears that the absorbed AGN are
more variable than the unabsorbed ones. The same applies for the comparison of
Seyfert 2 and Seyfert 1 objects. As expected the blazars show stronger
variability. 15% of the non-blazar AGN show variability of >20% compared to the
average flux on time scales of 20 days, and 30% show at least 10% flux
variation. All the non-blazar AGN which show strong variability are
low-luminosity objects with L(14-195 keV) < 1E44 erg/sec.
  Conclusions: Concerning the variability pattern, there is a tendency of
unabsorbed or type 1 galaxies being less variable than the absorbed or type 2
objects at hardest X-rays. A more solid anti-correlation is found between
variability and luminosity, which has been previously observed in soft X-rays,
in the UV, and in the optical domain.


title:
Biased random walks on complex networks: the role of local navigation
  rules

abstract:
  We study the biased random walk process in random uncorrelated networks with
arbitrary degree distributions. In our model, the bias is defined by the
preferential transition probability, which, in recent years, has been commonly
used to study efficiency of different routing protocols in communication
networks. We derive exact expressions for the stationary occupation
probability, and for the mean transit time between two nodes. The effect of the
cyclic search on transit times is also explored. Results presented in this
paper give the basis for theoretical treatment of the transport-related
problems on complex networks, including quantitative estimation of the critical
value of the packet generation rate.


title:
Effect of SUSY-QCD corrections to neutralino annihilation on the cold
  dark matter relic density in the Higgs funnel

abstract:
  We present a complete calculation of the QCD and SUSY-QCD corrections to
neutralino pair annihilation into bottom quark-antiquark pairs through exchange
of a pseudoscalar Higgs boson, which is the dominant process in the
cosmological A-funnel region of the mSUGRA model. We present numerical
predictions for the annihilation cross section and discuss the influence of the
correction terms on the cold dark matter relic density with respect to recent
cosmological data.


title: Pseudo-maximization and self-normalized processes

abstract:
  Self-normalized processes are basic to many probabilistic and statistical
studies. They arise naturally in the the study of stochastic integrals,
martingale inequalities and limit theorems, likelihood-based methods in
hypothesis testing and parameter estimation, and Studentized pivots and
bootstrap-$t$ methods for confidence intervals. In contrast to standard
normalization, large values of the observations play a lesser role as they
appear both in the numerator and its self-normalized denominator, thereby
making the process scale invariant and contributing to its robustness. Herein
we survey a number of results for self-normalized processes in the case of
dependent variables and describe a key method called ``pseudo-maximization''
that has been used to derive these results. In the multivariate case,
self-normalization consists of multiplying by the inverse of a positive
definite matrix (instead of dividing by a positive random variable as in the
scalar case) and is ubiquitous in statistical applications, examples of which
are given.


title: Soliton percolation in random optical lattices

abstract:
  We introduce soliton percolation phenomena in the nonlinear transport of
light packets in suitable optical lattices with random properties.
Specifically, we address lattices with a gradient of the refractive index in
the transverse plane, featuring stochastic phase or amplitude fluctuations, and
we discover the existence of a disorder-induced transition between
soliton-insu-lator and soliton-conductor regimes. The soliton current is found
to reach its maximal value at intermediate disorder levels and to drastically
decrease in both, almost regular and strongly disordered lattices.


title:
Bound diquarks and their Bose-Einstein condensation in strongly coupled
  quark matter

abstract:
  We explore the formation of diquark molecules and their Bose-Einstein
condensation (BEC) in the phase diagram of three-flavor quark matter at nonzero
temperature, T, and quark chemical potential, mu. Using a quark model with a
four-fermion interaction, we identify possible diquark excitations as poles of
the microscopically computed diquark propagator. The quark masses are obtained
by solving a dynamical equation for the chiral condensate and are found to
determine the stability of the diquark excitations. The stability of diquark
excitations is investigated in the T-mu plane for different values of the
diquark coupling strength. We find that bound diquark molecules appear at small
quark chemical potentials at intermediate coupling and that BEC of non-strange
diquark molecules occurs if the attractive interaction between quarks is
sufficiently strong.


title:
Jarzynski Relation, Fluctuation Theorems, and Stochastic Thermodynamics
  for Non-Markovian Processes

abstract:
  We prove the Jarzynski relation for general stochastic processes including
non-Markovian systems with memory. The only requirement for our proof is the
existence of a stationary state, therefore excluding non-ergodic systems. We
then show how the concepts of stochastic thermodynamics can be used to prove
further exact non-equilibrium relations like the Crooks relation and the
fluctuation theorem on entropy production for non-Markovian dynamics.


title: An efficient source of continuous variable polarisation entanglement

abstract:
  We have experimentally demonstrated the efficient creation of highly
entangled bipartite continuous variable polarisation states. Exploiting an
optimised scheme for the production of squeezing using the Kerr non-linearity
of a glass fibre we generated polarisation squeezed pulses with a mean
classical excitation in S3. Polarisation entanglement was generated by
interfering two independent polarisation squeezed fields on a symmetric beam
splitter. The resultant beams exhibit strong quantum noise correlations in the
dark S1 - S2 polarisation plane. To verify entanglement generation, we
characterised the quantum correlations of the system for two different sets of
conjugate Stokes parameters. The quantum correlations along the squeezed and
the anti-squeezed Stokes parameters were observed to be -4.1 +/- 0.3 dB and
-2.6 +/- 0.3 dB below the shot noise level respectively. The degree of
correlations was found to depend critically on the beam splitting ratio of the
entangling beam splitter. Carrying out measurements on a different set of
conjugate Stokes parameters, correlations of -3.6 +/- 0.3 dB and -3.4 +/- 0.3
dB have been observed. This result is more robust against asymmetries in the
entangling beam splitter, even in the presence of excess noise.


title:
Quaternionen and Geometric Algebra (Quaternionen und Geometrische
  Algebra)

abstract:
  In the last one and a half centuries, the analysis of quaternions has not
only led to further developments in mathematics but has also been and remains
an important catalyst for the further development of theories in physics. At
the same time, Hestenes geometric algebra provides a didactically promising
instrument to model phenomena in physics mathematically and in a tangible
manner. Quaternions particularly have a catchy interpretation in the context of
geometric algebra which can be used didactically. The relation between
quaternions and geometric algebra is presented with a view to analysing its
didactical possibilities.


title: Brane Inflation and Fine Tuning

abstract:
  We argue about the importance of embedding the successful mechanism of
Inflation in the context of a fundamental theory. We review some of the
attempts in this direction made in the framework of String Theory. In
particular we report on recent developments in Brane Inflation with emphasis on
the fine tuning issue.


title: Shifted polynomials in a convection problem

abstract:
  The onset of convection in a horizontal layer of fluid heated from below in
the presence of a gravity field varying across the layer is investigated. The
eigenvalue problem governing the linear stability of the mechanical equilibria
of the fluid layer in the case of free boundaries is solved using a Galerkin
method based on shifted polynomials (Legendre and Chebyshev polynomials).


title: Influence of particle shape on shear stress in granular media

abstract:
  We analyze the contact and force networks in a dense confined packing of
pentagonal particles simulated by means of the contact dynamics method. The
particle shape effect is evidenced by comparing the data from pentagon packing
and from a packing with identical characteristics except for the circular shape
of the particles. A surprising observation is that the pentagon packing
develops a lower structural anisotropy than the disk packing. We show in this
work that this weakness is compensated by a higher force anisotropy that leads
to enhanced shear strength of the pentagon packing. With the polygonal shape of
the particles, the strong force chains are mostly composed of edge-to-edge
contacts with a marked zig-zag aspect.


title: XMM-Newton observations of XTE J1817-330 and XTE J1856+053

abstract:
  The black hole candidate XTE J1817-330 was discovered in outburst on 26
January 2006 with RXTE/ASM. One year later, on 28 February 2007, another X-ray
transient discovered in 1996, XTE J1856+053, was detected by RXTE during a new
outburst. We report on the spectra obtained by XMM-Newton of these two black
hole candidates.


title: Rate Determining Factors in Protein Model Structures

abstract:
  Previous research has shown a strong correlation of protein folding rates to
the native state geometry, yet a complete explanation for this dependence is
still lacking. Here we study the rate-geometry relationship with a simple
statistical physics model, and focus on two classes of model geometries,
representing ideal parallel and antiparallel structures. We find that the
logarithm of the rate shows an almost perfect linear correlation with the
"absolute contact order", but the slope depends on the particular class
considered. We discuss these findings in the light of experimental results.


title: A numerical finite size scaling approach to many-body localization

abstract:
  We develop a numerical technique to study Anderson localization in
interacting electronic systems. The ground state of the disordered system is
calculated with quantum Monte-Carlo simulations while the localization
properties are extracted from the ``Thouless conductance'' $g$, i.e. the
curvature of the energy with respect to an Aharonov-Bohm flux. We apply our
method to polarized electrons in a two dimensional system of size $L$. We
recover the well known universal $\beta(g)=\rm{d}\log g/\rm{d}\log L$ one
parameter scaling function without interaction. Upon switching on the
interaction, we find that $\beta(g)$ is unchanged while the system flows toward
the insulating limit. We conclude that polarized electrons in two dimensions
stay in an insulating state in the presence of weak to moderate
electron-electron correlations.


title: Convergence of weighted averages of relaxed projections

abstract:
  The convergence of the algorithm for solving convex feasibility problem is
studied by the method of sequential averaged and relaxed projections. Some
results of H. H. Bauschke and J. M. Borwein are generalized by introducing new
methods. Examples illustrating these generalizations are given.


title: Chiral Phase Transition beyond Mean Field Approximation

abstract:
  Based on the analogy between the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model of chiral symmetry
breaking and the BCS theory of superconductivity, we investigate the effect of
$\bar q q$ pair fluctuations on the chiral phase transition. We include
uncondensed $\bar q q$ pairs at finite temperature and chemical potential in a
self-consistent T-matrix formalism, the so-called $G_0 G$ scheme. The pair
fluctuations reduce significantly the critical temperature and make quarks
massive above the critical temperature.


title:
Downhill versus two-state protein folding in a statistical mechanical
  model

abstract:
  The authors address the problem of downhill protein folding in the framework
of a simple statistical mechanical model, which allows an exact solution for
the equilibrium and a semianalytical treatment of the kinetics. Focusing on
protein 1BBL, a candidate for downhill folding behavior, and comparing it to
the WW domain of protein PIN1, a two-state folder of comparable size, the
authors show that there are qualitative differences in both the equilibrium and
kinetic properties of the two molecules. However, the barrierless scenario
which would be expected if 1BBL were a true downhill folder is observed only at
low enough temperature.


title: Update on Ion Studies

abstract:
  The effect of ions has received one of the highest priorities in R&D for the
damping rings of the International Linear Collider(ILC). It is detrimental to
the performance of the electron damping ring. In this note, an update
concerning the ion studies for the ILC damping ring is given. We investigate
the gap role and irregular fill pattern in the ring.The ion density reduction
in different fills is calculated analytically. Simulation results are also
presented.


title: Heegaard Splittings of Twisted Torus Knots

abstract:
  Little is known on the classification of Heegaard splittings for hyperbolic
3-manifolds. Although Kobayashi gave a complete classification of Heegaard
splittings for the exteriors of 2-bridge knots, our knowledge of other classes
is extremely limited. In particular, there are very few hyperbolic manifolds
that are known to have a unique minimal genus splitting. Here we demonstrate
that an infinite class of hyperbolic knot exteriors, namely exteriors of
certain "twisted torus knots" originally studied by Morimoto, Sakuma and
Yokota, have a unique minimal genus Heegaard splitting of genus two. We also
conjecture that these manifolds possess irreducible yet weakly reducible
splittings of genus three. There are no known examples of such Heegaard
splittings.


title:
Crystal and magnetic structures of the spin-trimer compounds Ca3 Cu3xNix
  (PO4)4 (x=0,1,2)

abstract:
  Crystal and magnetic structures of a series of novel quantum spin trimer
system Ca3Cu3xNix(PO4)4 (x=0,1,2) were studied by neutron powder diffraction at
the temperatures 1.5-290 K. The composition with one Ni per trimer (x=1) has a
monoclinic structure (space group P 21 /a, no. 14) with the unit cell
parameters a = 17.71 A, b = 4.89 A, c = 8.85 A and = 123.84 deg at T=290 K. The
(x=2) composition crystallizes in the C 2/c space group (no. 15) with the
doubled unit cell along c-axis. Each trimer is formed by two crystallographic
positions: one in the middle and the second one at the ends of the trimer. We
have found that the middle position is occupied by the Cu2+, whereas the end
positions are equally populated with the Cu2+ and Ni2+ for (x=1) while in the
(x=2) the trimers were found to be of only one type Ni-Cu-Ni. Below TN = 20 K
the (x=2) compound shows an antiferromagnetic ordering with propagation vector
star {[1/2,1/2, 0], [-1/2,1/2, 0]} The magnetic structure is very well
described with the irreducible representation tau22 using both arms of the star
{k} with the magnetic moments 1.89(1) muB and 0.62(2) muB for Ni2+ and Cu2+
ions, respectively. We note that our powder diffraction data cannot be fitted
by a model containing only one arm of the propagation vector star. The
Cu/Ni-spins form both parallel and antiparallel configurations in the different
trimers, implying substantial effect of the inter-trimer interaction on the
overall magnetic structure.


title:
Multiterminal Nanowire Junctions of Silicon: A Theoretical Prediction of
  Atomic Structure and Electronic Properties

abstract:
  Using empirical scheme, atomic structure of a new exotic class of silicon
nanoclusters was elaborated upon the central icosahedral core (Si-IC) and
pentagonal petals (Si-PP) growing from Si-IC vertexes. It was shown that
Si-IC/Si-PP interface formation is energetically preferable. Some experimental
observations of silicon nanostructures can be explained by presence of the
proposed objects. The Extended Huckel Theory electronic structure calculations
demonstrate an ability of the proposed objects to act as nanoscale tunnel
junctions.


title: Otiy: Loactors tracking nodes

abstract:
  We propose Otiy, a node-centric location service that limits the impact of
location updates generate by mobile nodes in IEEE802.11-based wireless mesh
networks. Existing location services use node identifiers to determine the
locator (aka anchor) that is responsible for keeping track of a node's
location. Such a strategy can be inefficient because: (i) identifiers give no
clue on the node's mobility and (ii) locators can be far from the
source/destination shortest path, which increases both location delays and
bandwidth consumption. To solve these issues, Otiy introduces a new strategy
that identifies nodes to play the role of locators based on the likelihood of a
destination to be close to these nodes- i.e., locators are identified depending
on the mobility pattern of nodes. Otiy relies on the cyclic mobility patterns
of nodes and creates a slotted agenda composed of a set of predicted locations,
defined according to the past and present patterns of mobility. Correspondent
nodes fetch this agenda only once and use it as a reference for identifying
which locators are responsible for the node at different points in time. Over a
period of about one year, the weekly proportion of nodes having at least 50% of
exact location predictions is in average about 75%. This proportion increases
by 10% when nodes also consider their closeness to the locator from only what
they know about the network.


title:
Gravitational waves originated before compactification in Kaluza-Klein
  theory

abstract:
  We investigate the propagation of multidimensional gravitational waves
generated before compactification and observes today as 4-dimensional
gravitational waves and gauge fields by generalizing the investigation of
Alesci and Montani(AM) to the case where the internal space is an n-sphere. We
also derive the 4-dimensional forms of the multidimensional harmonic gauge
condition. The primary difference from the case of AM comes from the effect of
curvature of the internal space which prevent the space to be static. The other
effects are explicitly shown for propagation of the waves in our 4-dimensional
spacetime. Static internal space exists if multidimensional
cosmologicalconstant is present. Then the situation is similar to the
one-dimensional internal space.


title: High Resolution Cavity BPM for ILC Final Focal System (IP-BPM)

abstract:
  IP-BPM (Interaction Point Beam Position Monitor) is an ultra high resolution
cavity BPM to be used at ATF2, a test facility for ILC final focus system.
Control of beam position in 2 nm precision is required for ATF2. Beam tests at
ATF extraction line proved a 8.7 nm position resolution.


title:
Non unique solutions to boundary value problems for non symmetric
  divergence form equations

abstract:
  We calculate explicitly solutions to the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary value
problems in the upper half plane, for a family of divergence form equations
with non symmetric coefficients with a jump discontinuity. It is shown that the
boundary equation method and the Lax--Milgram method for constructing solutions
may give two different solutions when the coefficients are sufficiently non
symmetric.


title:
Confinement-induced enhancement of diffusiophoretic forces on
  self-propellers

abstract:
  We study the effect of spatial confinement on the strength of propulsive
diffusiophoretic forces acting on a particle that generates density gradients
by exploiting the chemical free energy of its environment. Using a recently
proposed simple model of a self-propelling device driven by chemical reactions
taking place on some parts of its surface, we demonstrate that the force
significantly increases in the presence of confining walls. We also show that
such effects become even more pronounced in two-dimensional systems.


title:
Uber das Gravitationsfeld eines Massenpunktes nach der Einstenschen
  Theorie

abstract:
  Schwarzschild's solution of Einstein's field equations in vacuum can be
written in many different forms. Unfortunately Schwarzschild's own original
form is less nice looking and simple than that latter derived by Droste and
Hilbert. We prove here that we can have both: a nice looking simple form and
the meaning that Schwarzschild wanted to give to his solution, i.e., that of
describing the gravitational field of a massive point particle.


title: Quantum memory for squeezed light

abstract:
  We produce a 600-ns pulse of 1.86-dB squeezed vacuum at 795 nm in an optical
parametric amplifier and store it in a rubidium vapor cell for 1 us using
electromagnetically induced transparency. The recovered pulse, analyzed using
time-domain homodyne tomography, exhibits up to 0.21+-0.04 dB of squeezing. We
identify the factors leading to the degradation of squeezing and investigate
the phase evolution of the atomic coherence during the storage interval.


title: Charmonium Polarization in High Energy Collisions

abstract:
  We consider charmonium polarization at high-energy hadron collider Tevatron
in the framework of the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) and the k_T-factorization
approach. The polarization effects are studied for the direct and the prompt
production channels. The obtained predictions can be used to test the Regge
limit of QCD and the NRQCD formalism.


title:
OVII and OVIII line emission in the diffuse soft X-ray background:
  heliospheric and galactic contributions

abstract:
  We study the 0.57 keV (O VII triplet) and 0.65 keV (O VIII) diffuse emission
generated by charge transfer collisions between solar wind (SW) oxygen ions and
interstellar H and He neutral atoms in the inner Heliosphere. These lines which
dominate the 0.3-1.0 keV energy interval are also produced by hot gas in the
galactic halo (GH) and possibly the Local Interstellar Bubble (LB). We
developed a time-dependent model of the SW Charge-Exchange (SWCX) X-ray
emission, based on the localization of the SW Parker spiral at each instant. We
include input SW conditions affecting three selected fields, as well as
shadowing targets observed with XMM-Newton, Chandra and Suzaku and calculate
X-ray emission fot O VII and O VIII lines. We determine SWCX contamination and
residual emission to attribute to the galactic soft X-ray background. We obtain
ground level intensities and/or simulated lightcurves for each target and
compare to X-ray data. The local 3/4 keV emission (O VII and O VIII) detected
in front of shadowing clouds is found to be entirely explained by the CX
heliospheric emission. No emission from the LB is needed at these energies.
Using the model predictions we subtract the heliospheric contribution to the
measured emission and derive the halo contribution. We also correct for an
error in the preliminary analysis of the Hubble Deep Field North (HDFN).


title: Parabolic Raynaud bundles

abstract:
  Let X be an irreducible smooth projective curve defined over complex numbers,
S= {p_1, p_2,...,p_n} \subset X$ a finite set of closed points and N > 1 a
fixed integer. For any pair (r,d) in Z X Z/N, there exists a parabolic vector
bundle R_{r,d,*} on X, with parabolic structure over S and all parabolic
weights in Z/N, that has the following property: Take any parabolic vector
bundle E_* of rank r on X whose parabolic points are contained in S, all the
parabolic weights are in Z/N and the parabolic degree is d. Then E_* is
parabolic semistable if and only if there is no nonzero parabolic homomorphism
from R_{r,d,*} to E_*.


title:
Plasmons, plasminos and Landau damping in a quasiparticle model of the
  quark-gluon plasma

abstract:
  A phenomenological quasiparticle model is surveyed for 2+1 quark flavors and
compared with recent lattice QCD results. Emphasis is devoted to the effects of
plasmons, plasminos and Landau damping. It is shown that thermodynamic bulk
quantities, known at zero chemical potential, can uniquely be mapped towards
nonzero chemical potential by means of a thermodynamic consistency condition
and a stationarity condition.


title:
Unconventional proximity effects and pairing symmetries in cuprates
  caused by conventional phonons

abstract:
  Giant and nil proximity effects and unconventional symmetry of cuprate
superconductors are explained as a result of the strong Froehlich interaction
of holes with c-axis polarised optical phonons acting together with an
anisotropic nonlocal deformation potential.


title:
Looking for signals of New Physics in the Top quark samples with the CDF
  detector

abstract:
  Twelve years after the discovery of the Top quark, the CDF detector has
collected large samples of tt-bar events with integrated luminosities up to
1-1.7 fb^-1, where we are able to probe our knowledge of the Standard Model Top
quark. This article will focuss on those analysis results dedicated to find new
physics in the Top quark production: measurement of relative fractions of Top
pair production mechanisms, searches for a massive resonant state decaying to
tt-bar pairs as well as a heavy Top-like quark decaying as the Standard Model
Top quark. Besides its production, the Top quark decay is also an interesting
probe to find Physics Beyond the Standard Model by measuring possibly anomalous
values of the helicity fractions of the W boson in the decay t-->W(-->l+v_l)b
by searching for flavour changing neutral current decays t-->Zq or by testing
the Top quark charge to be +2/3 or -4/3.


title:
Discovery of very high-energy gamma-ray emission from the LBL object BL
  Lacertae

abstract:
  The low-frequency peaked BL Lac (LBL) object BL Lacertae was observed with
the MAGIC telescope from 2005 August to December (22.2 hr), and from 2006 July
to September (26.0 hr). A very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray signal was
discovered with a 5.1 sigma excess in the 2005 data. Above 200 GeV, an integral
flux of (0.6+-0.2)x10e-11 m-2 s-1 was measured, corresponding to approximately
3% of the Crab flux. The differential spectrum between 150 and 900 GeV is
rather steep, with a photon index of -3.6+-0.5. The light curve shows no
significant variability during the observations in 2005. For the first time a
clear detection of VHE gamma-ray emission from an LBL object was obtained. The
2006 data show no significant excess. This drop in flux follows the observed
trend in optical activity


title:
Lorentz transformation directly from the invariance of the speed of
  light via the addition law of parallel speeds

abstract:
  We show that starting with the addition law of parallel speeds derived as a
consequence of the invariance of the speed of light, the Lorentz
transformations for the space-time coordinates can be derived.


title:
Interpretation of neutrino oscillations based on new physics in the
  infrared

abstract:
  An interpretation of neutrino oscillations based on a modification of
relativistic quantum field theory at low energies, without the need to
introduce a neutrino mass, is seen to be compatible with all observations.


title: Twisting Flux Tubes as a cause of Micro-Flaring Activity

abstract:
  High-cadence optical observations of an H-alpha blue-wing bright point near
solar AR NOAA 10794 are presented. The data were obtained with the Dunn Solar
Telescope at the National Solar Observatory/Sacramento Peak using a newly
developed camera system, the Rapid Dual Imager. Wavelet analysis is undertaken
to search for intensity-related oscillatory signatures, and periodicities
ranging from 15 to 370 s are found with significance levels exceeding 95%.
During two separate microflaring events, oscillation sites surrounding the
bright point are observed to twist. We relate the twisting of the oscillation
sites to the twisting of physical flux tubes, thus giving rise to reconnection
phenomena. We derive an average twist velocity of 8.1 km/s and detect a peak in
the emitted flux between twist angles of 180 and 230 degrees.


title: A Comparison of Mixed-Higgs Scenarios In the NMSSM and the MSSM

abstract:
  We study scenarios in the minimal and next-to minimal supersymmetric models
in which the lightest CP-even Higgs boson can have mass below the 114 GeV
standard model LEP limit by virtue of reduced ZZ coupling due to substantial
mixing among the Higgs bosons. We pay particular attention to the size of
corrections from superpartners needed for these scenarios to be viable and
point to boundary conditions at large scales which lead to these scenarios
while at the same time keeping electroweak fine tuning modest in size. We find
that naturalness of electroweak symmetry breaking in the mixed-Higgs scenarios
of both models points to the same region of soft supersymmetry breaking terms,
namely those leading to large mixing in the stop sector at the electroweak
scale, especially if we also require that the lightest CP-even Higgs explains
the Higgs-like LEP events at about 98 GeV.


title:
Overview of the parametric representation of renormalizable
  non-commutative field theory

abstract:
  We review here the parametric representation of Feynman amplitudes of
renormalizable non-commutative quantum field models.


title:
First-principles Study of Physisorption of Nucleic Acid Bases on
  Small-Diameter Carbon Nanotube

abstract:
  We report the results of our first-principles study based on density
functional theory on the interaction of the nucleic acid base molecules adenine
(A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T), and uracil (U), with a
single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT). Specifically, the focus is on the
physisorption of base molecules on the outer wall of a (5,0) metallic CNT
possessing one of the smallest diameters possible. Compared to CNTs with large
diameters, the physisorption energy is found to be reduced in the
high-curvature case. The base molecules exhibit significantly different
interaction strengths, and the calculated binding energies follow the hierarchy
G > A > T > C > U, which appears to be independent of the tube curvature. The
stabilizing factor in the interaction between the base molecule and CNT is
dominated by the molecular polarizability that allows a weakly attractive
dispersion force to be induced between them. The present study provides an
improved understanding of the role of the base sequence in deoxyribonucleic
acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) on their interactions with carbon
nanotubes of varying diameters.


title: Note on distortion and Bourgain $\ell_1$ index

abstract:
  The relation between different notions measuring proximity to $\ell_1$ and
distortability of a Banach space is studied. The main result states that a
Banach space, whose all subspaces have Bourgain $\ell_1$ index greater than
$\omega^\alpha$, $\alpha<\omega_1$, contains either an arbitrary distortable
subspace or an $\ell_1^\alpha$-asymptotic subspace.


title:
Multi-component strongly attractive Fermi gas: a color superconductor in
  a one-dimensional harmonic trap

abstract:
  Recent advances in ultra-cold atomic Fermi gases make it possible to achieve
a fermionic superfluid with multiple spin components. In this context, any
mean-field description is expected to fail, owing to the presence of tightly
bound clusters or molecules that consist of more than two particles. Here we
present a detailed study of a strongly interacting multi-component Fermi gas in
a highly elongated or quasi-one-dimensional harmonic trap, which could be
readily obtained in experiment. By using the exact Bethe ansatz solution and a
local density approximation treatment of the harmonic trap, we investigate the
equation of state of the multi-component Fermi gas in both a homogeneous and
trapped environment, as well as the density profiles and low-energy collective
modes. The binding energy of multi-component bound clusters is also given. We
show that there is a peak in the collective mode frequency at the critical
density for a deconfining transition to a many-body state that is analogous to
the quark color superconductor state expected in neutron stars.


title:
Quadrupolar Order and Structural Phase Transition in DyB4 with
  Geometrical Frustration

abstract:
  Structural phase transition accompanying with quadrupolar ordering in DyB4
with Shastry-Sutherland type geometrical frustration has been studied by X-ray
diffraction. Previous study [D. Okuyama et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 74 (2005)
2434.] using resonant X-ray scattering revealed short-range ordering of the
Ozx-type quadrupolar moments and the c-plane component of the magnetic moments
in addition to long-range ordering of the c-axis component of the magnetic
moments. The present report focuses on the lattice distortion below the
quadrupolar ordering temperature at TN2=12.7 K. The (0 0 l=integer) fundamental
lattice reflection splits into four peaks along the h and k directions and the
(h=even 0 0) reflection becomes broad along the l direction. This indicates
that a structural transition from tetragonal to monoclinic takes place below
TN2 together with the ordering of the quadrupolar moments.


title: SPINSTARS at low metallicities

abstract:
  The main effect of axial rotation on the evolution of massive PopIII stars is
to trigger internal mixing processes which allow stars to produce significant
amounts of primary nitrogen 14 and carbon 13. Very metal poor massive stars
produce much more primary nitrogen than PopIII stars for a given initial mass
and rotation velocity. The very metal poor stars undergo strong mass loss
induced by rotation. One can distinguish two types of rotationnaly enhanced
stellar winds: 1) Rotationally mechanical winds occurs when the surface
velocity reaches the critical velocity at the equator, {\it i.e.} the velocity
at which the centrifugal acceleration is equal to the gravity; 2) Rotationally
radiatively line driven winds are a consequence of strong internal mixing which
brings large amounts of CNO elements at the surface. This enhances the opacity
and may trigger strong line driven winds. These effects are important for an
initial value of $\upsilon/\upsilon_{\rm crit}$ of 0.54 for a 60 M$_\odot$ at
$Z=10^{-8}$, {\it i.e.} for initial values of $\upsilon/\upsilon_{\rm crit}$
higher than the one ($\sim$0.4) corresponding to observations at solar $Z$.
These two effects, strong internal mixing leading to the synthesis of large
amounts of primary nitrogen and important mass losses induced by rotation,
occur for $Z$ between about 10$^{-8}$ and 0.001. For metallicities above 0.001
and for reasonable choice of the rotation velocities, internal mixing is no
longer efficient enough to trigger these effects.


title: Exact results of the quantum phase transition for the topological order

abstract:
  In this paper a duality between the d=2 Wen-plaquette model in a transverse
field and the d=1 Ising model in a transverse field is used to learn the nature
of the quantum phase transition (QPT) between a spin-polarized phase and a
topological ordered state with the string-net condensation. The QPT is not
induced by spontaneous symmetry breaking and there are no conventional
Landau-type local order parameters. Instead the string-like non-local order
parameters are introduced to describe the QPT. In particular, the duality
character between the open-string and closed string for the QPT are explored.


title:
Nilpotent symmetry invariance in the non-Abelian 1-form gauge theory:
  superfield formalism

abstract:
  We demonstrate that the nilpotent Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) and
anti-BRST symmetry invariance of the Lagrangian density of a four (3 +
1)-dimensional (4D) non-Abelian 1-form gauge theory with Dirac fields can be
captured within the framework of the superfield approach to BRST formalism. The
above 4D theory, where there is an explicit coupling between the non-Abelian
1-form gauge field and the Dirac fields, is considered on a (4, 2)-dimensional
supermanifold, parameterized by the bosonic 4D space-time variables and a pair
of Grassmannian variables. We show that the Grassmannian independence of the
super Lagrangian density, expressed in terms of the (4, 2)-dimensional
superfields, is a clear signature of the presence of the (anti-)BRST invariance
in the original 4D theory.


title: Observation of Goos-H\"{a}nchen shifts in metallic reflection

abstract:
  We report the first observation of the Goos-H$\rm \ddot{\textbf{a}}$nchen
shift of a light beam incident on a metal surface. This phenomenon is
particularly interesting because the Goos-H$\rm \ddot{\textbf{a}}$nchen shift
for $p$ polarized light in metals is negative and much bigger than the positive
shift for $s$ polarized light. The experimental result for the measured shifts
as a function of the angle of incidence is in excellent agreement with
theoretical predictions. In an energy-flux interpretation, our measurement
shows the existence of a backward energy flow at the bare metal surface when
this is excited by a $p$ polarized beam of light.


title:
New symmetric families of silicon quantum dots and their conglomerates
  as a tunable source of photoluminescence in nanodevices

abstract:
  We propose a new variety of silicon quantum dots containing fullerene-derived
hollows of nearly arbitrary symmetry. Conglomerate structures are designed by
connecting the quantum dots through two kinds of junctions. The quantum
confinement effect is investigated using semiempirical quantum-mechanical
method. It is shown that within each family of quantum dots, the band gap and
the stability are inversely proportional to the particle effective size.
Quantum dots inherit a wide variety of structural and symmetry properties from
their parent fullerenes. The conglomerates confine electrons like
quasi-molecules with a peculiar electronic structure related to the junctions.
Quantum dots and their conglomerates can host guest atoms in their hollows and
therefore present a new promising type of tunable photoluminescent
nanomaterials.


title: Raman-induced limits to efficient squeezing in optical fibers

abstract:
  We report new experiments on polarization squeezing using ultrashort photonic
pulses in a single pass of a birefringent fiber. We measure what is to our
knowledge a record squeezing of -6.8 +/- 0.3 dB in optical fibers which when
corrected for linear losses is -10.4 +/- 0.8 dB. The measured polarization
squeezing as a function of optical pulse energy, which spans a wide range from
3.5-178.8 pJ, shows a very good agreement with the quantum simulations and for
the first time we see the experimental proof that Raman effects limit and
reduce squeezing at high pulse energy.


title:
Groupoid and Inverse Semigroup Presentations of Ultragraph
  $C^{*}$-Algebras

abstract:
  Inspired by the work of Paterson on $C^{\ast}$-algebras of directed graphs,
we show how to associate a groupoid $\mathfrak{G}_{\mathcal{G}}$ to an
ultragraph $\mathcal{G}$ in such a way that the $C^*$-algebra of
$\mathfrak{G}_{\mathcal{G}}$ is canonically isomorphic to Tomforde's
$C^*$-algebra $C^*(\mathcal{G})$. The groupoid $\mathfrak{G}_{\mathcal{G}}$ is
built from an inverse semigroup $S_{\mathcal{G}}$ naturally associated to
$\mathcal{G}$.


title: Carleman estimates and inverse problems for Dirac operators

abstract:
  We consider limiting Carleman weights for Dirac operators and prove
corresponding Carleman estimates. In particular, we show that limiting Carleman
weights for the Laplacian also serve as limiting weights for Dirac operators.
As an application we consider the inverse problem of recovering a Lipschitz
continuous magnetic field and electric potential from boundary measurements for
the Pauli Dirac operator.


title:
Observations of Very High Energy Gamma-Rays during Moonlight and
  Twilight with the MAGIC Telescope

abstract:
  We study the capability of the MAGIC telescope to observe under moderate
moonlight. TeV gamma-ray signals from the Crab nebula were detected with the
MAGIC telescope during periods when the Moon was above the horizon and during
twilight. This was accomplished by increasing the trigger discriminator
thresholds. No change is necessary in the high voltage settings since the
camera PMTs were especially designed to avoid high currents. We characterize
the telescope performance by studying the effect of the moonlight on the
gamma-ray detection efficiency and sensitivity, as well as on the energy
threshold.


title:
On convergence of generators of equilibrium dynamics of hopping
  particles to generator of a birth-and-death process in continuum

abstract:
  We deal with two following classes of equilibrium stochastic dynamics of
infinite particle systems in continuum: hopping particles (also called Kawasaki
dynamics), i.e., a dynamics where each particle randomly hops over the space,
and birth-and-death process in continuum (or Glauber dynamics), i.e., a
dynamics where there is no motion of particles, but rather particles die, or
are born at random. We prove that a wide class of Glauber dynamics can be
derived as a scaling limit of Kawasaki dynamics. More precisely, we prove the
convergence of respective generators on a set of cylinder functions, in the
$L^2$-norm with respect to the invariant measure of the processes. The latter
measure is supposed to be a Gibbs measure corresponding to a potential of pair
interaction, in the low activity-high temperature regime. Our result
generalizes that of [Finkelshtein D.L. et al., to appear in Random Oper.
Stochastic Equations], which was proved for a special Glauber (Kawasaki,
respectively) dynamics.


title: Critically rotating stars in binaries - an unsolved problem -

abstract:
  In close binaries mass and angular momentum can be transferred from one star
to the other during Roche-lobe overflow. The efficiency of this process is not
well understood and constitutes one of the largest uncertainties in binary
evolution.
  One of the problems lies in the transfer of angular momentum, which will spin
up the accreting star. In very tight systems tidal friction can prevent
reaching critical rotation, by locking the spin period to the orbital period.
Accreting stars in systems with orbital periods larger than a few days reach
critical rotation after accreting only a fraction of their mass, unless there
is an effective mechanism to get rid of angular momentum. In low mass stars
magnetic field might help. In more massive stars angular momentum loss will be
accompanied by strong mass loss. This would imply that most interacting
binaries with initial orbital periods larger than a few days evolve very
non-conservatively.
  In this contribution we wish to draw attention to the unsolved problems
related to mass and angular momentum transfer in binary systems. We do this by
presenting the first results of an implementation of spin up by accretion into
the TWIN version of the Eggleton stellar evolution code.


title: A Poincar\'e-Birkhoff-Witt criterion for Koszul operads

abstract:
  The aim of this article is to give a criterion, generalizing the criterion
introduced by Priddy for algebras, to verify that an operad is Koszul. We
define the notion of a Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt basis in the context of operads.
Then we show that an operad having a Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt basis is Koszul.
Besides, we obtain that the Koszul dual operad has also a
Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt basis. We check that the classical examples of Koszul
operads (commutative, associative, Lie) have a Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt basis.


title: Topological complexity of motion planning and Massey products

abstract:
  We employ Massey products to find sharper lower bounds for the Schwarz genus
of a fibration than those previously known. In particular we give examples of
non-formal spaces $X$ for which the topological complexity $\TC(X)$ (defined to
be the genus of the free path fibration on $X$) is greater than the
zero-divisors cup-length plus one.


title: Observations of microquasars with the MAGIC telescope

abstract:
  We report on the results from the observations in very high energy band (VHE,
E_gamma > 100GeV) of the black hole X-ray binary (BHXB) Cygnus X-1. The
observations were performed with the MAGIC telescope, for a total of 40 hours
during 26 nights, spanning the period between June and November 2006. We report
on the results of the searches for steady and variable gamma-ray signals,
including the first experimental evidence for an intense flare, of duration
between 1.5 and 24 hours.


title: Asymptotic valuations of sequences satisfying first order recurrences

abstract:
  Let t[n] be a sequence that satisfies a first order homogeneous recurrence
t[n] = Q[n]*t[n-1], where Q is a polynomial with integer coefficients. The
asymptotic behavior of the p-adic valuation of t[n] is described under the
assumption that all the roots of Q in Z/pZ have nonvanishing derivative.


title: Mirror Symmetry via Logarithmic Degeneration Data II

abstract:
  This paper continues the authors' program of studying mirror symmetry via log
geometry and toric degenerations, relating affine manifolds with singularities,
log Calabi-Yau spaces, and toric degenerations of Calabi-Yaus. The main focus
of this paper is the calculation of the cohomology of a Calabi-Yau variety
associated to a given affine manifold with singularities B. We show that the
Dolbeault cohomology groups of the Calabi-Yau associated to B are described in
terms of some cohomology groups of sheaves on B, as expected. This is proved
first by calculating the log de Rham and log Dolbeault cohomology groups on the
log Calabi-Yau space associated to B, and then proving a base-change theorem
for cohomology in our logarithmic setting.
  As applications, this shows that our mirror symmetry construction via
Legendre duality of affine manifolds results in the usual interchange of Hodge
numbers expected in mirror symmetry, and gives an explicit description of the
monodromy of a smoothing.


title: Squark Decays in MSSM Under the Cosmological Bounds

abstract:
  We present the numerical investigation of the fermionic two-body decays of
squarks in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with complex parameters.
In the analysis we particularly take into account the cosmological bounds
imposed by WMAP data. We find that the phase dependences of the decay widths of
the third family squarks, as well as those of the first and second families,
are quite significant which can provide viable probes of additional CP sources.
We plot the CP phase dependences for each fermionic two-body decay channel of
squarks $\tilde q_i$ (i=1,2, q=u,d;c,s;t,b) and speculate about the branching
ratios and total (two-body) decay widths.