title: The case for a close-in perturber to GJ 436 b

abstract:
  The increasing number of transiting planets raises the possibility of finding
changes in their transit time, duration and depth that could be indicative of
further planets in the system. Experience from eclipsing binaries indeed shows
that such changes may be expected. A first obvious candidate to look for a
perturbing planet is GJ 436, which hosts a hot transiting Neptune-mass planet
in an eccentric orbit. Ribas et al. (2008) suggested that such eccentricity and
a possible change in the orbital inclination might be due to a perturbing small
planet in a close-in orbit. A radial velocity signal of a 5 M_earth planet
close to the 2:1 mean-motion resonance seemed to provide the perfect candidate.
Recent new radial velocities have deemed such signal spurious. Here we put all
the available information in context and we evaluate the possibility of a small
perturber to GJ 436 b to explain its eccentricity and possible inclination
change. In particular, we discuss the constraints provided by the transit time
variation data. We conclude that, given the current data, the close-in
perturber scenario still offers a plausible explanation to the observed orbital
and physical properties of GJ 436 b.


title: Stability issues with baryons in AdS/CFT

abstract:
  We consider baryon vertices within the gauge/gravity correspondence for a
class of curved backgrounds. The holographic description based on the N=4 SYM
theory for SU(N) allows classical solutions representing bound states of
k-quarks with k less than or equal to N. We construct the corresponding
classical configurations and perform a stability analysis. We present the
details for the theory at the conformal point and at finite temperature and
show that there is a critical value of k, below which there is instability.
This may also arise when the baryon reaches a critical size. We also extend our
treatment to magnetically charged baryon vertices.


title: Corrections to the statistical entropy of five dimensional black holes

abstract:
  We compute the statistical entropy of the three charge (D1-D5-p) five
dimensional black hole to sub-leading order in a large charge expansion. We
find an agreement with the macroscopic calculation of the Wald entropy in R^2
corrected supergravity theory. The two calculations have a overlapping regime
of validity which is not the Cardy regime. We use this result to clarify the
4d-5d lift for black holes on Taub-NUT space. In particular, we compute
sub-leading corrections to the formula S^{4d} = S^{5d}. In the microscopic
analysis, this correction arises from excitations bound to the Taub-NUT space.
In the macroscopic picture, the difference is accounted by a mechanism present
in a higher derivative theory wherein the geometry of the Taub-NUT space
absorbes some of the electric charge.


title:
Keck Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics Monitoring of 2MASS J1534-2952AB:
  First Dynamical Mass Determination of a Binary T Dwarf

abstract:
  (Abridged) We present multi-epoch imaging of the T5.0+T5.5 binary 2MASS
J1534-2952AB obtained with the Keck laser guide star adaptive optics system.
Combined with an extensive (re-)analysis of archival HST imaging, we find a
total mass of 0.056+/-0.003 Msun (59+/-3 Mjup). This is the first field binary
for which both components are directly confirmed to be substellar. This is also
the coolest and lowest mass binary with a dynamical mass determination to date.
Using evolutionary models, we derive an age of 0.78+/-0.09 Gyr for the system,
and we find Teff = 1028+/-17 K and 978+/-17 K and masses of 0.0287+/-0.0016
Msun (30.1+/-1.7 Mjup) and 0.0269+/-0.0016 Msun (28.2+/-1.7 Mjup) for the
individual components. These precise measurements generally agree with previous
studies of T dwarfs and affirm the current theoretical models. However, (1) the
temperatures are about 100 K cooler than derived for similar objects and
suggest that the ages of field brown dwarfs may be overestimated. Also, (2) the
H-R diagram positions are discrepant with current predictions. While this may
arise from large errors in the evolutionary models, the likely cause is a
modest (~100 K) overestimate in temperatures determined from model atmospheres.
We discuss future tests of theory as the sample of substellar dynamical masses
increases. In particular, we suggest that low-mass field binaries with
dynamical masses ("mass benchmarks") can serve as reference points for Teff and
log(g) and thereby constrain ultracool atmosphere models, as good as or even
better than single brown dwarfs with age estimates ("age benchmarks").


title:
Characterizing two-timescale nonlinear dynamics using finite-time
  Lyapunov exponents and vectors

abstract:
  Finite-time Lyapunov exponents and vectors are used to define and diagnose
boundary-layer type, two-timescale behavior in the tangent linear dynamics and
to determine the associated manifold structure in the flow of a
finite-dimensional nonlinear autonomous dynamical system. Two-timescale
behavior is characterized by a slow-fast splitting of the tangent bundle for a
state space region. The slow-fast splitting is defined using finite-time
Lyapunov exponents and vectors, guided by the asymptotic theory of partially
hyperbolic sets, with important modifications for the finite-time case; for
example, finite-time Lyapunov analysis relies more heavily on the Lyapunov
vectors due to their relatively fast convergence compared to that of the
corresponding exponents. The splitting is used to locate points on normally
hyperbolic center manifolds. Determining manifolds from tangent bundle
structure is more generally applicable than approaches, such as the singular
perturbation method, that require special normal forms or other a priori
knowledge. The use, features, and accuracy of the approach are illustrated via
several detailed examples.


title:
Selfdual representations of division algebras and Weil groups: A
  contrast

abstract:
  Selfdual representations of any group fall into two classes when they are
irreducible: those which carry a symmetric bilinear form, and the others which
carry an alternating bilinear form. The Langlands correspondence, which matches
the irreducible representations \sigma of the Weil group of a local field k of
dimension n with the irreducible representations \pi of the invertible elements
of a division algebra D over k of index n, takes selfdual representations to
selfdual representations. In this paper we use global methods to study how the
Langlands correspondence behaves relative to this distinction among selfdual
representations. We prove in particular that for n even, \sigma is symplectic
if and only if \pi is orthogonal. Our results treat more generally the case of
GL_m(B), for B a division algebra over k of index r, and n=mr.


title:
Quantum substitutions of Pisot type, their quantum topological entropy
  and their use for optimal spacing

abstract:
  Quantum substitutions of Pisot type (and their quantum topological entropy)
are introduced. Their utility as algorithms for optimal spacing is analyzed.


title:
Dynamical constants for electromagnetic fields with elliptic-cylindrical
  symmetry

abstract:
  Taking into account the characteristics of a free scalar field in elliptic
coordinates, a new dynamical variable is found for the free electromagnetic
field. The conservation law associated to this variable cannot be obtained by
direct application of standard Noether theorem since the symmetry generator is
of second order. Consequences on the expected mechanical behavior of an atomic
system interacting with electromagnetic waves exhibiting such a symmetry are
also discussed.


title:
A morphology revaluation of galaxies in common from the Catalog of
  Isolated Galaxies and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (DR6)

abstract:
  We present a revaluation of the optical morphology for 549 galaxies from the
Catalog of Isolated Galaxies (Karachentseva 1973) that are available in the
SDSS (DR6). Both the high resolution and high dynamic range of the SDSS images
and our semi-automatic image processing scheme, allow for a major quality and
uniform morphological analysis. The processing scheme includes (1)
sky-subtracted, cleaned, and logarithmic scaled g-band images; (2)
filtered-enhanced versions of the images in (1); and (3) the RGB images
available in the SDSS database. Special attention was paid for distinguishing
between E, S0, and Sa candidates through an additional analysis of (4) the
surface brightness, \epsilon, PA, and A_4/B_4 Fourier series expansion
profiles. The median type in the sample corresponds to Sbc, with 65% of the
sample being of this type or later. A scarce population of E (3.5%) and S0 (5%)
galaxies, and a non-negligible 14% fraction of SaSab spirals are identified. We
calculate also the gri absolute magnitudes corrected by Galactic and internal
extinctions and present the g-i color distribution and the color-magnitude
diagram. Among the spirals, we find fractions of strong and suspected bars of
65.8% and of 33.3% of rings. For the E galaxies we find a richness of distinct
substructure in their isophotal shape and also of morphological distortions. At
least 78% of the ellipticals show some kind of distortion, suggesting that
these galaxies suffered late dry mergers. Finally, we calculate the CAS
(concentration, asymmetry and clumpiness) structural parameters in the ugriz
bands. We analyze the loci of our isolated galaxies in different projections of
the CAS volume and discuss some trends of these parameters with the color band,
as well as with the type and the galaxy color. [abridged]


title: Stability of the Periodic Toda Lattice in the Soliton Region

abstract:
  We apply the method of nonlinear steepest descent to compute the long-time
asymptotics of the periodic (and slightly more generally of the quasi-periodic
finite-gap) Toda lattice for decaying initial data in the soliton region. In
addition, we show how to reduce the problem in the remaining region to the
known case without solitons.


title:
Full Diversity Codes for MISO Systems Equipped with Linear or ML
  Detectors

abstract:
  In this paper, a general criterion for space time block codes (STBC) to
achieve full-diversity with a linear receiver is proposed for a wireless
communication system having multiple transmitter and single receiver antennas
(MISO). Particularly, the STBC with Toeplitz structure satisfies this criterion
and therefore, enables full-diversity. Further examination of this Toeplitz
STBC reveals the following important properties: a) The symbol transmission
rate can be made to approach unity. b) Applying the Toeplitz code to any
signalling scheme having nonzero distance between the nearest constellation
points results in a non-vanishing determinant. In addition, if QAM is used as
the signalling scheme, then for independent MISO flat fading channels, the
Toeplitz codes is proved to approach the optimal diversity-vs-multiplexing
tradeoff with a ZF receiver when the number of channel uses is large. This is,
so far, the first non-orthogonal STBC shown to achieve the optimal tradeoff for
such a receiver. On the other hand, when ML detection is employed in a MISO
system, the Toeplitz STBC achieves the maximum coding gain for independent
channels. When the channel fading coefficients are correlated, the inherent
transmission matrix in the Toeplitz STBC can be designed to minimize the
average worst case pair-wise error probability.


title:
A characterization of two weight norm inequalities for maximal singular
  integrals with one doubling measure

abstract:
  We characterize two-weight inequalities for certain maximal truncations of
the Hilbert transform in terms of testing conditions on simpler functions. For
1<p<2 and two positive Borel measures u, v on R, we assume that u is doubling,
and we consider maximal truncations T_# of the Hilbert transform. The norm
estimate || T(f u) ||_{L^p(v)} < C || f ||_{L^p(u)} is characterized in terms
of an A_p condition on the weights and two testing conditions. The first is the
norm condition above, but the function f varies over bounded functions
supported on a cube. The second is a dual weak-type condition, for arbitrary
functions. This result should be compared to the result of Nazarov, Treil and
Volberg, arXiv:math/0702758. Additional results are obtained for 2<p<\infty,
and for the weak type inequality.


title:
Agent-Based Modeling of Host-Pathogen Systems: The Successes and
  Challenges

abstract:
  Agent-based models have been employed to describe numerous processes in
immunology. Simulations based on these types of models have been used to
enhance our understanding of immunology and disease pathology. We review
various agent-based models relevant to host-pathogen systems and discuss their
contributions to our understanding of biological processes. We then point out
some limitations and challenges of agent-based models and encourage efforts
towards reproducibility and model validation.


title: Higher Twist Contributions to Deep-Inelastic Structure Functions

abstract:
  We report on a recent extraction of the higher twist contributions to the
deep inelastic structure functions $F_2^{ep,ed}(x,Q^2)$ in the large $x$
region. It is shown that the size of the extracted higher twist contributions
is strongly correlated with the higher order corrections applied to the leading
twist part. A gradual lowering of the higher twist contributions going from NLO
to N$^4$LO is observed, where in the latter case only the leading large $x$
terms were considered.


title:
Discontinuity Induced Bifurcations in a Model of Saccharomyces
  cerevisiae

abstract:
  We perform a bifurcation analysis of the mathematical model of Jones and
Kompala [K.D. Jones and D.S. Kompala, Cybernetic model of the growth dynamics
of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in batch and continuous cultures, J. Biotech.,
71:105-131, 1999]. Stable oscillations arise via Andronov-Hopf bifurcations and
exist for intermediate values of the dilution rate as has been noted from
experiments previously. A variety of discontinuity induced bifurcations arise
from a lack of global differentiability. We identify and classify discontinuous
bifurcations including several codimension-two scenarios. Bifurcation diagrams
are explained by a general unfolding of these singularities.


title: Predicting the Yields of Photometric Surveys for Transiting Planets

abstract:
  Observing extrasolar planetary transits is one of the only ways that we may
infer the masses and radii of planets outside the Solar System. As such, the
detections made by photometric transit surveys are one of the only foreseeable
ways that the areas of planetary interiors, system dynamics, migration, and
formation will acquire more data. Predicting the yields of these surveys
therefore serves as a useful statistical tool. Predictions allows us to check
the efficiency of transit surveys (``are we detecting all that we should?'')
and to test our understanding of the relevant astrophysics (``what parameters
affect predictions?''). Furthermore, just the raw numbers of how many planets
will be detected by a survey can be interesting in its own right. Here, we look
at two different approaches to modeling predictions (forward and backward), and
examine three different transit surveys (TrES, XO, and Kepler). In all cases,
making predictions provides valuable insight into both extrasolar planets and
the surveys themselves, but this must be tempered by an appreciation of the
uncertainties in the statistical cut-offs used by the transit surveys.


title:
Symmetry-conserving vortex clusters in small rotating clouds of
  ultracold bosons

abstract:
  The properties of a special class of correlated many-body wave functions,
named rotating vortex clusters (RVCs), that preserve the total angular momentum
of a small cloud of trapped rotating bosons are investigated. They have lower
energy and provide a superior description for the formation of vortices
compared to the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) states that break the
rotational symmetry. The GP vortex states are shown to be wave packets composed
of such RVC states. Our results suggest that, for a small number of bosons, the
physics is different from that of ideal Bose-Einstein condensates which
characterize larger assemblies

categories: cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.other nucl-th physics.atm-clus


title: High Frequency Dynamics and Third Cumulant of Quantum Noise

abstract:
  The existence of the third cumulant $S_{3}$ of voltage fluctuations has
demonstrated the non-Gaussian aspect of shot noise in electronic transport.
Until now, measurements have been performed at low frequency, \textit{i.e.} in
the classical regime $\hbar \omega < eV, k_BT$ where voltage fluctuations arise
from charge transfer process. We report here the first measurement of $S_3$ at
high frequency, in the quantum regime $\hbar \omega > eV, k_BT$. In this
regime, experiment cannot be seen as a charge counting statistics problem
anymore. It raises central questions of the statistics of quantum noise: 1) the
electromagnetic environment of the sample has been proven to strongly influence
the measurement, through the possible modulation of the noise of the sample.
What happens to this mechanism in the quantum regime? 2) For $\hbar \omega >
eV$, the noise is due to zero point fluctuations and keeps its equilibrium
value: $S_2= G \hbar \omega$ with $G$ the conductance of the sample. Therefore,
$S_2$ is independent of the bias voltage and no photon is emitted by the
conductor. Is it possible, as suggested by some theories, that $S_3 \neq 0$ in
this regime? With regard to these questions, we give theoretical and
experimental answers to the environmental effects showing that they involve
dynamics of the quantum noise. Using these results, we investigate the question
of the third cumulant of quantum noise in the a tunnel junction.


title: Hawking Radiation in the Ghost Condensate is Non-Thermal

abstract:
  We consider a Schwarzschild black hole immersed in a ghost condensate
background. It is shown that the Hawking radiation in the quanta of small
perturbations around this background is highly suppressed- in particular it is
not given by a thermal spectrum. This result is in accord with observations
that such black holes can be used to violate the generalized second law of
thermodynamics, and thus cannot have a standard entropy/area relation.


title:
Echo Spectroscopy of Atomic Dynamics in a Gaussian Trap via Phase
  Imprints

abstract:
  We report on the collapse and revival of Ramsey fringe visibility when a
spatially dependent phase is imprinted in the coherences of a trapped ensemble
of two-level atoms. The phase is imprinted via the light shift from a Gaussian
laser beam which couples the dynamics of internal and external degrees of
freedom for the atoms in an echo spectroscopy sequence. The observed revivals
are directly linked to the oscillatory motion of atoms in the trap. An
understanding of the effect is important for quantum state engineering of
trapped atoms.


title:
The energy-momentum of plane-fronted gravitational waves in the
  teleparallel equivalent of GR

abstract:
  We show that in the framework of the teleparallel equivalent of general
relativity the gravitational energy-momentum of plane-fronted gravitational
waves contained in an arbitrary three-dimensional volume V may be easily
obtained and is non-negative in the frame of static observers.


title: Decrease of Entropy and Chemical Reactions

abstract:
  The chemical reactions are very complex, and include oscillation,
condensation, catalyst and self-organization, etc. In these case changes of
entropy may increase or decrease. The second law of thermodynamics is based on
an isolated system and statistical independence. If fluctuations magnified due
to internal interactions exist in the system, entropy will decrease possibly.
In chemical reactions there are various internal interactions, so that some
ordering processes with decrease of entropy are possible on an isolated system.
For example, a simplifying Fokker-Planck equation is solved, and the hysteresis
as limit cycle is discussed.


title: Discrete Symbol Calculus

abstract:
  This paper deals with efficient numerical representation and manipulation of
differential and integral operators as symbols in phase-space, i.e., functions
of space $x$ and frequency $\xi$. The symbol smoothness conditions obeyed by
many operators in connection to smooth linear partial differential equations
allow to write fast-converging, non-asymptotic expansions in adequate systems
of rational Chebyshev functions or hierarchical splines. The classical results
of closedness of such symbol classes under multiplication, inversion and taking
the square root translate into practical iterative algorithms for realizing
these operations directly in the proposed expansions. Because symbol-based
numerical methods handle operators and not functions, their complexity depends
on the desired resolution $N$ very weakly, typically only through $\log N$
factors. We present three applications to computational problems related to
wave propagation: 1) preconditioning the Helmholtz equation, 2) decomposing
wavefields into one-way components and 3) depth-stepping in reflection
seismology.


title:
An Isomonodromy Interpretation of the Hypergeometric Solution of the
  Elliptic Painlev\'e Equation (and Generalizations)

abstract:
  We construct a family of second-order linear difference equations
parametrized by the hypergeometric solution of the elliptic Painlev\'e equation
(or higher-order analogues), and admitting a large family of
monodromy-preserving deformations. The solutions are certain semiclassical
biorthogonal functions (and their Cauchy transforms), biorthogonal with respect
to higher-order analogues of Spiridonov's elliptic beta integral.


title:
The Link between Integrability, Level Crossings, and Exact Solution in
  Quantum Models

abstract:
  We investigate the connection between energy level crossings in integrable
systems and their integrability, i.e. the existence of a set of non-trivial
integrals of motion. In particular, we consider a general quantum Hamiltonian
linear in the coupling u, H(u) = T + uV, and require that it has the maximum
possible number of nontrivial commuting partners also linear in u. We
demonstrate how this commutation requirement alone leads to: (1) an exact
solution for the energy spectrum and (2) level crossings, which are always
present in these Hamiltonians in violation of the Wigner-von Neumann
non-crossing rule. Moreover, we construct these Hamiltonians explicitly by
resolving the above commutation requirement and show their equivalence to a
sector of Gaudin magnets (central spin Hamiltonians). In contrast, fewer than
the maximum number of conservation laws does not guarantee level crossings.


title:
Theory of enhancement of thermoelectric properties of materials with
  nanoinclusions

abstract:
  Based on the concept of band bending at metal/semiconductor interfaces as an
energy filter for electrons, we present a theory for the enhancement of the
thermoelectric properties of semiconductor materials with metallic
nanoinclusions. We show that the Seebeck coefficient can be significantly
increased due to a strongly energy-dependent electronic scattering time. By
including phonon scattering, we find that the enhancement of ZT due to electron
scattering is important for high doping, while at low doping it is primarily
due to a decrease in the phonon thermal conductivity.


title:
Graphene Oxidation: Thickness Dependent Etching and Strong Chemical
  Doping

abstract:
  Patterned graphene shows substantial potential for applications in future
molecular-scale integrated electronics. Environmental effects are a critical
issue in a single layer material where every atom is on the surface. Especially
intriguing is the variety of rich chemical interactions shown by molecular
oxygen with aromatic molecules. We find that O2 etching kinetics vary strongly
with the number of graphene layers in the sample. Three-layer-thick samples
show etching similar to bulk natural graphite. Single-layer graphene reacts
faster and shows random etch pits in contrast to natural graphite where
nucleation occurs at point defects. In addition, basal plane oxygen species
strongly hole dope graphene, with a Fermi level shift of ~0.5 eV. These oxygen
species partially desorb in an Ar gas flow, or under irradiation by far UV
light, and readsorb again in an O2 atmosphere at room temperature. This
strongly doped graphene is very different than graphene oxide made by mineral
acid attack.


title:
Random systems of polynomial equations. The expected number of roots
  under smooth analysis

abstract:
  We consider random systems of equations over the reals, with $m$ equations
and $m$ unknowns $P_i(t)+X_i(t)=0$, $t\in\mathbb{R}^m$, $i=1,...,m$, where the
$P_i$'s are non-random polynomials having degrees $d_i$'s (the "signal") and
the $X_i$'s (the "noise") are independent real-valued Gaussian centered random
polynomial fields defined on $\mathbb{R}^m$, with a probability law satisfying
some invariance properties. For each $i$, $P_i$ and $X_i$ have degree $d_i$.
The problem is the behavior of the number of roots for large $m$. We prove that
under specified conditions on the relation signal over noise, which imply that
in a certain sense this relation is neither too large nor too small, it follows
that the quotient between the expected value of the number of roots of the
perturbed system and the expected value corresponding to the centered system
(i.e., $P_i$ identically zero for all $i=1,...,m$), tends to zero geometrically
fast as $m$ tends to infinity. In particular, this means that the behavior of
this expected value is governed by the noise part.


title:
The "ab initio" approach to the nuclear equation of state: review and
  discussion

abstract:
  We review the main components of our microscopic model of nuclear matter,
which we have recently extended to incorporate isospin asymmetry. Some
frequently discussed issues concerning nuclear many-body approaches are
revisited and critically analysed.


title: Preconditioning Maximal Center Gauge with Stout Link Smearing in SU(3)

abstract:
  Center vortices are studied in SU(3) gauge theory using Maximal Center Gauge
(MCG) fixing. Stout link smearing and over-improved stout link smearing are
used to construct a preconditioning gauge field transformation, applied to the
original gauge field before fixing to MCG. We find that preconditioning
successfully achieves higher gauge fixing maxima. We observe a reduction in the
number of identified vortices when preconditioning is used, and also a
reduction in the vortex-only string tension.


title: Global Schr\"{o}dinger maps

abstract:
  We consider the Schr\"{o}dinger map initial-value problem in dimension two or
greater. We prove that the Schr\"{o}dinger map initial-value problem admits a
unique global smooth solution, provided that the initial data is smooth and
small in the critical Sobolev space. We prove also that the solution operator
extends continuously to the critical Sobolev space.


title:
A time-dependent radiative model for the atmosphere of the eccentric
  transiting planets

abstract:
  We present a time-dependent radiative model for the atmosphere of the
transiting planets that take into account the eccentricity of their orbit. We
investigate the temporal temperature and flux variations due to the planet-star
distance variability. We will also discuss observational aspects with Spitzer
measurements.


title: Non-thermal neutrinos from supernovae leaving a magnetar

abstract:
  Under the fossil field hypothesis of the origin of magnetar magnetic fields,
the magnetar inherits its magnetic field from its progenitor. We show that
during the supernova of such a progenitor, protons may be accelerated to \sim
10^4 GeV as the supernova shock propagates in the magnetic stellar envelope.
Inelastic nuclear collisions of these protons produce a flash of high-energy
neutrinos arriving a few hours after thermal (10 MeV) neutrinos. The neutrino
flash is characterized by energies up to O(100) GeV and durations seconds to
hours, depending on the progenitor: those from smaller Type Ibc progenitors are
typically shorter in duration and reach higher energies compared to those from
larger Type II progenitors. A Galactic Type Ib supernova leaving behind a
magnetar remnant will yield up to \sim 160 neutrino induced muon events in
Super-Kamiokande, and up to \sim 7000 in a km^3 class detector such as IceCube,
providing a means of probing supernova models and the presence of strong
magnetic fields in the stellar envelope.


title:
Planetary Companions to Evolved Intermediate-Mass Stars: 14 Andromedae,
  81 Ceti, 6 Lyncis, and HD 167042

abstract:
  We report on the detection of four extrasolar planets orbiting evolved
intermediate-mass stars from a precise Doppler survey of G and K giants at
Okayama Astrophysical Observatory. All of the host stars are considered to be
formerly early F-type or A-type dwarfs when they were on the main sequence. 14
And (K0 III) is a clump giant with a mass of 2.2 M_solar and has a planet of
minimum mass m_2sin i=4.8 M_Jup in a nearly circular orbit with a 186 day
period. This is one of the innermost planets around evolved intermediate-mass
stars and such planets have only been discovered in clump giants. 81 Cet (G5
III) is a clump giant with 2.4 M_solar hosting a planet of m_2sin i=5.3 M_Jup
in a 953 day orbit with an eccentricity of e=0.21. 6 Lyn (K0 IV) is a less
evolved subgiant with 1.7 M_solar and has a planet of m_2sin i=2.4 M_Jup in a
899 day orbit with e=0.13. HD 167042 (K1 IV) is also a less evolved star with
1.5 M_solar hosting a planet of m_2sin i=1.6 M_Jup in a 418 day orbit with
e=0.10. This planet was independently announced by Johnson et al. (2008, ApJ,
675, 784). All of the host stars have solar or sub-solar metallicity, which
supports the lack of metal-rich tendency in planet-harboring giants in contrast
to the case of dwarfs.


title:
Small Fluctuations in $\lambda \phi^{n+1}$ Theory in a Finite Domain: An
  Hirota's Method Approach

abstract:
  We present a method to calculate small stationary fluctuations around static
solutions describing bound states in a $(1+1)$-dimensional $\lambda \phi^{n+1}$
theory in a finite domain. We also calculate explicitly fluctuations for the
$\lambda \phi^4$. These solutions are written in terms of Jacobi Elliptic
functions and are obtained from both linear and nonlinear equations. For the
linear case we get eingenvalues of a Lam\'e type Equation and the nonlinear one
relies on Hirota's Method.


title: Radiative seesaw in left-right symmetric model

abstract:
  There are some radiative origins for the neutrino masses in the conventional
left-right symmetric models with the usual bi-doublet and triplet Higgs
scalars. These radiative contributions could dominate over the tree-level
seesaw and could explain the observed neutrino masses.


title: Tridiagonal pairs of $q$-Racah type

abstract:
  Let $K$ denote an algebraically closed field and let $V$ denote a vector
space over $K$ with finite positive dimension. We consider a pair of linear
transformations $A:V \to V$ and $A^*:V \to V$ that satisfy the following
conditions: (i) each of $A,A^*$ is diagonalizable; (ii) there exists an
ordering $\lbrace V_i\rbrace_{i=0}^d$ of the eigenspaces of $A$ such that $A^*
V_i \subseteq V_{i-1} + V_{i} + V_{i+1}$ for $0 \leq i \leq d$, where
$V_{-1}=0$ and $V_{d+1}=0$; (iii) there exists an ordering $\lbrace
V^*_i\rbrace_{i=0}^\delta$ of the eigenspaces of $A^*$ such that $A V^*_i
\subseteq V^*_{i-1} + V^*_{i} + V^*_{i+1}$ for $0 \leq i \leq \delta$, where
$V^*_{-1}=0$ and $V^*_{\delta+1}=0$; (iv) there is no subspace $W$ of $V$ such
that $AW \subseteq W$, $A^* W \subseteq W$, $W \neq 0$, $W \neq V$. We call
such a pair a {\it tridiagonal pair} on $V$. It is known that $d=\delta$. For
$0 \leq i \leq d$ let $\theta_i$ (resp. $\theta^*_i$) denote the eigenvalue of
$A$ (resp. $A^*$) associated with $V_i$ (resp. $V^*_i$). The pair $A,A^*$ is
said to have {\it $q$-Racah type} whenever $\theta_i = a + b q^{2i-d}+ c
q^{d-2i}$ and $\theta^*_i = a^* + b^*q^{2i-d}+c^*q^{d-2i}$ for $0 \leq i \leq
d$, where $q, a,b,c,a^*,b^*,c^*$ are scalars in $K$ with $q,b,c,b^*,c^*$
nonzero and $q^2 \not\in \lbrace 1,-1\rbrace$. This type is the most general
one. We classify up to isomorphism the tridiagonal pairs over $K$ that have
$q$-Racah type. Our proof involves the representation theory of the quantum
affine algebra $U_q(\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_2)$.


title: Berry's phase in the multimode Peierls states

abstract:
  It is shown that Berry's phase associated with the adiabatic change of local
variables in the Hamiltonian can be used to characterize the multimode Peierls
state, which has been proposed as a new type of the ground state of the
two-dimensional(2D) systems with the electron-lattice interaction.


title:
Semiclassical Corrections to the Cardy-Verlinde Formula of Kerr Black
  Holes

abstract:
  In this letter, we compute the corrections to the Cardy-Verlinde formula of
$4-$dimensional Kerr black hole. These corrections are considered within the
context of KKW analysis and arise as a result of the self-gravitational effect.
Then we show, one can taking into account the semiclassical corrections of the
Cardy-Verlinde entropy formula by just redefining the Virasoro operator $L_0$
and the central charge $c$.


title:
Modelling of anthropogenic pollutant diffusion in the atmosphere and
  applications to civil protection monitoring

abstract:
  A basic feature of fluid mechanics concerns the frictionless phase-space
dynamics of particles in an incompressible fluid. The issue, besides its
theoretical interest in turbulence theory, is important in many applications,
such as the pollutant dynamics in the atmosphere, a problem relevant for civil
protection monitoring of air quality. Actually, both the numerical simulation
of the ABL (atmospheric boundary layer) portion of the atmosphere and that of
pollutant dynamics may generally require the correct definition of the
Lagrangian dynamics which characterizes arbitrary fluid elements of
incompressible thermofluids. We claim that particularly important for
applications would be to consider these trajectories as phase-space
trajectories. This involves, however, the unfolding of a fundamental
theoretical problem up to now substantially unsolved: {\it namely the
determination of the exact frictionless dynamics of tracer particles in an
incompressible fluid, treated either as a deterministic or a turbulent (i.e.,
stochastic) continuum.} In this paper we intend to formulate the necessary
theoretical framework to construct such a type of description. This is based on
a phase-space inverse kinetic theory (IKT) approach recently developed for
incompressible fluids (Ellero \textit{et al.}, 2004-2008). {\it Our claim is
that the conditional frictionless dynamics of a tracer particles - which
corresponds to a prescribed velocity probability density and an arbitrary
choice of the relevant fluid fields - can be exactly specified}.


title: Generic phase diagram of active polar films

abstract:
  We study theoretically the phase diagram of compressible active polar gels
such as the actin network of eukaryotic cells. Using generalized hydrodynamics
equations, we perform a linear stability analysis of the uniform states in the
case of an infinite bidimensional active gel to obtain the dynamic phase
diagram of active polar films. We predict in particular modulated flowing
phases, and a macroscopic phase separation at high activity. This qualitatively
accounts for experimental observations of various active systems, such as
acto-myosin gels, microtubules and kinesins in vitro solutions, or swimming
bacterial colonies.


title: Local correlation functional for electrons in two dimensions

abstract:
  We derive a local approximation for the correlation energy in two-dimensional
electronic systems. In the derivation we follow the scheme originally developed
by Colle and Salvetti for three dimensions, and consider a Gaussian
approximation for the pair density. Then, we introduce an ad-hoc modification
which better accounts for both the long-range correlation, and the
kinetic-energy contribution to the correlation energy. The resulting functional
is local, and depends parametrically on the number of electrons in the system.
We apply this functional to the homogeneous electron gas and to a set of
two-dimensional quantum dots covering a wide range of electron densities and
thus various amounts of correlation. In all test cases we find an excellent
agreement between our results and the exact correlation energies. Our
correlation functional has a form that is simple and straightforward to
implement, but broadly outperforms the commonly used local-density
approximation.


title:
Chaotic motion of Charged Particles in an Electromagnetic Field
  Surrounding a Rotating Black Hole

abstract:
  The observational data from some black hole candidates suggest the importance
of electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of a black hole. Highly magnetized
disk accretion may play an importance rule, and large scale magnetic field may
be formed above the disk surface. Then, we expect that the nature of the black
hole spacetime would be reveiled by magnetic phenomena near the black hole. We
will start to investigate the motion of a charged particle which depends on the
initial parameter setting in the black hole dipole magnetic field. Specially,
we study the spin effects of a rotating black hole on the motion of the charged
particle trapped in magnetic field lines. We make detailed analysis for the
particle's trajectories by using the Poincar\'{e} map method, and show the
chaotic properties that depend on the black hole spin. We find that the
dragging effects of the spacetime by a rotating black hole weaken the chaotic
properties and generate regular trajectories for some sets of initial
parameters, while the chaotic properties dominate on the trajectories for
slowly rotating black hole cases. The dragging effects can generate the fourth
adiabatic invariant on the particle motion approximately.


title:
Lepton Flavours at the Early LHC Experiments as the Footprints of the
  Dark Matter Producing Mechanisms

abstract:
  The mSUGRA parameter space corresponding to light sleptons well within the
reach of LHC and relatively light squarks and gluinos (mass $\le$ 1 TeV) has
three regions consistent with the WMAP data on dark matter relic density and
direct mass bounds from LEP 2. Each region can lead to distinct leptonic
signatures from squark-gluino events during the early LHC experiments
(integrated luminosity $\sim 10 ~fb^{-1}$ or even smaller). In the much studied
stau-LSP coannihilation region with a vanishing common trilinear coupling
($A_0$) at the GUT scale a large fraction of the final states contain electrons
and / or muons and $e$ - $\mu$ - $\tau$ universality holds to a good
approximation. In the not so well studied scenarios with non-vanishing $A_0$
both LSP pair annihilation and stau-LSP coannihilation could contribute
significantly to the dark matter relic density for even smaller squark-gluino
masses. Our simulations indicate that the corresponding signatures are final
states rich in $\tau$-leptons while final states with electrons and muons are
suppressed leading to a violation of lepton universality. These features may be
observed to a lesser extent even in the modified parameter space (with non-zero
$A_0$) where the coannihilation process dominates. We also show that the
generic $m$-leptons + $n$-jets+ $\not! E_T$ signatures without flavour tagging
can also discriminate among the three scenarios. However, the signals become
more informative if the $\tau$ and $b$-jet tagging facilities at the LHC
experiments are utilized.


title: Extraordinary transmission of nanohole lattices in gold films

abstract:
  We study experimentally the transmission of light through a square lattice of
nanoholes perforated in a optically-thick gold film. We observe that the
periodicity of the structure enhances the light transmission for specific
wavelengths, and we analyze this effect theoretically by employing
finite-difference time-domain numerical simulations. Furthermore, we
investigate the possibilities for manipulation of the spectral transmission in
quasi-periodic and chirped lattices consisting of square nanoholes with varying
hole size or lattice periodicity.


title:
R\'egularisation de l'\'equation de Langevin en dimension 1 par le
  mouvement Brownien fractionnaire

abstract:
  The main goal of this paper is to provide a fractional stochastic
differential equation modelling the physical phenomena governed by the Langevin
equation in 1-dimension. A generalized equation leaning on the fractional
Brownian motion (fBm) will be proposed, the later will allow a description of
the complexity of the physical systems which escape any prediction of the of
the standard Langevin equation. We shall begin at first to remind the basic
notions of the standard Brownian motion (Bm) and the fractional Brownian motion
(fBm), then, we shall establish a generalization to long memory of the Langevin
equation.


title:
Unexpected drop of dynamical heterogeneities in colloidal suspensions
  approaching the jamming transition

abstract:
  As the glass (in molecular fluids\cite{Donth}) or the jamming (in colloids
and grains\cite{LiuNature1998}) transitions are approached, the dynamics slow
down dramatically with no marked structural changes. Dynamical heterogeneity
(DH) plays a crucial role: structural relaxation occurs through correlated
rearrangements of particle ``blobs'' of size
$\xi$\cite{WeeksScience2000,DauchotPRL2005,Glotzer,Ediger}. On approaching
these transitions, $\xi$ grows in glass-formers\cite{Glotzer,Ediger},
colloids\cite{WeeksScience2000,BerthierScience2005}, and driven granular
materials\cite{KeysNaturePhys2007} alike, strengthening the analogies between
the glass and the jamming transitions. However, little is known yet on the
behavior of DH very close to dynamical arrest. Here, we measure in colloids the
maximum of a ``dynamical susceptibility'', $\chi^*$, whose growth is usually
associated to that of $\xi$\cite{LacevicPRE}. $\chi^*$ initially increases with
volume fraction $\phi$, as in\cite{KeysNaturePhys2007}, but strikingly drops
dramatically very close to jamming. We show that this unexpected behavior
results from the competition between the growth of $\xi$ and the reduced
particle displacements associated with rearrangements in very dense
suspensions, unveiling a richer-than-expected scenario.


title: Influence of Plasma Collective Effects on Cosmological Evolution

abstract:
  It is well-known that the universe was in a plasma state both before
decoupling and after reionization. However, the conventional wisdom has been
that the plasma effects are largely Debye-shielded and can thus be safely
ignored when considering large scale evolutions. Recently we showed that large
scale structure formation in the universe may actually be suppressed by the
plasma collective effect. Indeed, observational data indicate that the
conventional theoretical formula tends to overestimate the matter power
spectrum at scales $k>1h{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$. In this paper, we further develop our
theory through a more thorough and general derivation of the
Maxwell-Einstein-Boltzmann equation. In addition to baryon density perturbation
post reionization, we apply this general formulation to investigate the
possible plasma effect on CMB anisotropy. As expected, while the plasma effect
does render an observable effect to the former, its impact on the latter is
totally negligible.


title: Electronic cooling of a submicron-sized metallic beam

abstract:
  We demonstrate electronic cooling of a suspended AuPd island using
superconductor-insulator-normal metal tunnel junctions. This was achieved by
developing a simple fabrication method for reliably releasing narrow submicron
sized metal beams. The process is based on reactive ion etching and uses a
conducting substrate to avoid charge-up damage and is compatible with e.g.
conventional e-beam lithography, shadow-angle metal deposition and oxide tunnel
junctions. The devices function well and exhibit clear cooling; up to factor of
two at sub-kelvin temperatures.


title: $w_{\infty}$ 3-algebra

abstract:
  We use `lone-star' product of the $W_{\infty}$ generators as well as their
commutation relations to obtain a $w_{\infty}$ 3-algebra by applying
appropriate double scaling limits on the generators. We show explicitly that
"Fundamental Identity Condition" (FI) of 3-algebra is satisfied.


title: Spatially Anisotropic Heisenberg Kagome Antiferromagnet

abstract:
  We study the quasi-one-dimensional limit of the spin-1/2 quantum Heisenberg
antiferromagnet on the kagome lattice. The lattice is divided into
antiferromagnetic spin-chains (exchange J) that are weakly coupled via
intermediate "dangling" spins (exchange J'). Using one-dimensional
bosonization, renormalization group methods, and current algebra techniques the
ground state is determined in the limit J'<<J. We find that the dangling spins
and chain spins form a spiral with O(1) and O(J'/J) static moments,
respectively, atop of which the chain spins exhibit a smaller O[(J'/J)^2]
antiferromagnetically ordered component along the axis perpendicular to the
spiral plane.


title: Stabilizing the intensity for a Hamiltonian model of the FEL

abstract:
  The intensity of an electromagnetic wave interacting self-consistently with a
beam of charged particles, as in a Free Electron Laser, displays large
oscillations due to an aggregate of particles, called the macro-particle. In
this article, we propose a strategy to stabilize the intensity by destabilizing
the macro-particle. This strategy involves the study of the linear stability of
a specific periodic orbit of a mean-field model. As a control parameter - the
amplitude of an external wave - is varied, a bifurcation occur in the system
which has drastic effects on the self-consistent dynamics, and in particular,
on the macro-particle. We show how to obtain an appropriate tuning of the
control parameter which is able to strongly decrease the oscillations of the
intensity without reducing its mean-value.


title: The Non-Equilibrium Reliability of Quantum Memories

abstract:
  The ability to store quantum information without recourse to constant
feedback processes would yield a significant advantage for future
implementations of quantum information processing. In this paper, limitations
of the prototypical model, the Toric code in two dimensions, are elucidated
along with a sufficient condition for overcoming these limitations.
Specifically, the interplay between Hamiltonian perturbations and dynamically
occurring noise is considered as a system in its ground state is brought into
contact with a thermal reservoir. This proves that when utilizing the Toric
code on N^2 qubits in a 2D lattice as a quantum memory, the information cannot
be stored for a time O(N). In contrast, the 2D Ising model protects classical
information against the described noise model for exponentially long times. The
results also have implications for the robustness of braiding operations in
topological quantum computation.


title: Consideration of ac Josephson Effect in Fractional Quantum Hall States

abstract:
  The ac Josephson effect phenomenon is studied in fractional quantum Hall
states (FQHS). Usual quantum Hall devices have an electron layer of uniform
thickness. We consider a new quantum Hall device. The device has a narrow part
that is vertical to the direction of the current. The narrow part has a smaller
electron layer thickness than in the other part. The ac Josephson effect might
be observed when the magnetic field or the electric current is modulated by an
oscillation with a constant frequency value f. Steps of the voltage appear when
an electric current exceed a threshold value. The step value V is related to
the transfer charge Q as V=(2 pi hbar f)/Q. We examine how the value of the
transfer charge Q depends on the fractional filling factor nu. The nu -
dependence of Q is affected by the wave function of the fractional quantum Hall
state. We classify the value of Q according to the wave function type.
Accordingly, observation of the ac Josephson effect in FQHS clarifies the
structure of the fractional quantum Hall states.


title:
The Heisenberg-Pauli canonical formalism of quantum field theory in the
  rigorous setting of nonlinear generalized functions (Part I)

abstract:
  The unmodified Heisenberg-Pauli canonical formalism of quantum field theory
applied to a self-interacting scalar boson field is shown to make sense
mathematically in a framework of generalized functions adapted to nonlinear
operations.
  The free-field operators, their commutation relations, and the free-field
Hamiltonian operator are calculated by a straightforward transcription of the
usual formalism expressed in configuration space. This leads to the usual
results, which are essentially independent of the regularization, with the
exception of the zero-point energy which may be set to zero if a particular
regularization is chosen.
  The calculations for the self-interacting field are more difficult,
especially because of the well-known problems due to the unboundness of the
operators and their time-dependent domains. Nevertheless, a proper methodology
is developed and a differentiation on time-dependent domains is defined. The
Heisenberg equations and the interacting-field equation are shown to be
mathematically meaningful as operator-valued nonlinear generalized functions,
which therefore provide an alternative to the usual Bogoliubov-Wightman
interpretation of quantized fields as operator-valued distributions.
  The equation for the time-evolution operator is proved using two different
methods, but no attempt is made to calculate the scattering operator, and the
applications to perturbation theory are left to a subsequent report.


title: Prompt TeV neutrinos from dissipative photospheres of gamma-ray bursts

abstract:
  Recently, it was suggested that a photospheric component that results from
the internal dissipation occurring in the optically thick inner parts of
relativistic outflows may be present in the prompt $\gamma$/X-ray emission of
gamma-ray bursts or X-ray flashes. We explore high-energy neutrino emission in
this dissipative photosphere model, assuming that the composition of the
outflow is baryon-dominated. We find that neutrino emission from proton-proton
collision process forms an interesting signature in the neutrino spectra. Under
favorable conditions for the shock dissipation site, these low-energy neutrinos
could be detected by ${\rm km^3}$ detectors, such as Icecube. Higher energies
($\ga10$ TeV) neutrino emission from proton-proton collision and photo-pion
production processes could be significantly suppressed for dissipation at
relatively small radii, due to efficient Bethe-Heitler cooling of protons
and/or radiative cooling of the secondary mesons in the photosphere radiation.
As the dissipation shocks continue further out, high energy neutrinos from
photo-pion production process becomes dominant.


title: "Advanced" data reduction for the AMBER instrument

abstract:
  The amdlib AMBER data reduction software is meant to produce AMBER data
products from the raw data files that are sent to the PIs of different
proposals or that can be found in the ESO data archive. The way defined by ESO
to calibrate the data is to calibrate one science data file with a calibration
one, observed as close in time as possible. Therefore, this scheme does not
take into account instrumental drifts, atmospheric variations or
visibility-loss corrections, in the current AMBER data processing software,
amdlib. In this article, we present our approach to complement this default
calibration scheme, to perform the final steps of data reduction, and to
produce fully calibrated AMBER data products. These additional steps include:
an overnight view of the data structure and data quality, the production of
night transfer functions from the calibration stars observed during the night,
the correction of additional effects not taken into account in the standard
AMBER data reduction software such as the so-called "jitter" effect and the
visibility spectral coherence loss, and finally, the production of fully
calibrated data products. All these new features are beeing implemented in the
modular pipeline script amdlibPipeline, written to complement the amdlib
software.


title: Non-conformality and non-perfectness of fluid near phase transition

abstract:
  We investigate the thermodynamic and transport properties of the real scalar
field theory at weak as well as strong couplings in the Hartree approximation
of Cornwall-Jackiw-Tomboulis (CJT) formalism. To our surprise, we find that
near phase transition, all the thermodynamic and transport properties of the
simplest real scalar model at certain strong coupling agree well with the
lattice results of the complex QCD system. We also demonstrate that the system
near phase transition is non-conformal, and behaves as a non-perfect fluid.


title: Wolf-Rayet stars probed by AMBER/VLTI

abstract:
  Massive stars deeply influence their surroundings by their luminosity and the
injection of kinetic energy. So far, they have mostly been studied with
spatially unresolved observations, although evidence of geometrical complexity
of their wind are numerous. Interferometry can provide spatially resolved
observations of massive stars and their immediate vicinity. Specific geometries
(disks, jets, latitude-dependent winds) can be probed by this technique. The
first observation of a Wolf-Rayet (WR) star (\gamma^2 Vel) with the AMBER/VLTI
instrument yielded to a re-evaluation of its distance and an improved
characterization of the stellar components, from a very limited data-set. This
motivated our team to increase the number of WR targets observed with AMBER. We
present here new preliminary results that encompass several spectral types,
ranging from early WN to evolved dusty WC. We present unpublished data on
WR79a, a massive star probably at the boundary between the O and Wolf- Rayet
type, evidencing some Wolf-Rayet broad emission lines from an optically thin
wind. We also present new data obtained on \gamma^2 Vel that can be compared to
the up-to-date interferometry-based orbital parameters from North et al.
(2007). We discuss the presence of a wind-wind collision zone in the system and
provide preliminary analysis suggesting the presence of such a structure in the
data. Then, we present data obtained on 2 dusty Wolf-Rayet stars: WR48a-b and
WR118, the latter exhibiting some clues of a pinwheel-like structure from the
visibility variations.


title: Newtonian Gravitational Multipoles as Group-Invariant Solutions

abstract:
  A family of vector fields that are the infinitesimal generators of determined
one-parameter groups of transformations are constructed. It is shown that these
vector fields represent symmetries of the system of differential equations
interrelated by the axially symmetric Laplace equation and a certain
supplementary equation. Group-invariant solutions of this system of equations
are obtained by means of two alternative methods, and it is proved that these
solutions turn out to be the family of axisymmetric potentials related to
specific gravitational multipoles. The existence of these symmetries provides
us with a generalization of the fact that the Newtonian Monopole is defined by
the solution of the Laplace equation with spherical symmetry, and it allows us
to extract from all solutions of this equation those with the prescribed
Newtonian Multipole Moments.


title:
Experimental Studies of Scaling Behavior of a Quantum Hall System with a
  Tunable Landau Level Mixing

abstract:
  Temperature dependence of the longitudinal and Hall resistance is studied in
the regime of localization-delocalization transition. We carry out measurements
of a scaling exponent $\kappa$ in the Landau level mixing region at several
filling factors. The localization exponent $\gamma$ is extracted using an
approach based on the variable range hopping theory. The values of $\gamma$ and
$\kappa$ are found to be universal, independent of filling factor in our
sample. We can conclude that although Landau level mixing can change the
degeneracy of a quantum Hall state, the value of the scaling exponent remains
the same for a given sample that contains a fixed disorder profile.


title: Gauge Invariance and k_T-Factorization of Exclusive Processes

abstract:
  In the $k_T$-factorization for exclusive processes, the nontrivial
$k_T$-dependence of perturbative coefficients, or hard parts, is obtained by
taking off-shell partons. This brings up the question of whether the
$k_T$-factorization is gauge invariant. We study the $k_T$-factorization for
the case $\pi \gamma^* \to \gamma$ at one-loop in a general covariant gauge.
Our results show that the hard part contains a light-cone singularity that is
absent in the Feynman gauge, which indicates that the $k_T$-factorization is
{\it not} gauge invariant. These divergent contributions come from the
$k_T$-dependent wave function of $\pi$ and are not related to a special
process. Because of this fact the $k_T$-factorization for any process is not
gauge invariant and is violated. Our study also indicates that the
$k_T$-factorization used widely for exclusive B-decays is not gauge invariant
and is violated.


title: Numerical Studies of Quantum Hall Ferromagnetism in Two-Subband Systems

abstract:
  We carry out a numerical study of the quantum Hall ferromagnetism in a
two-subband system using a set of experimental parameters in a recently
experiment [X. C. Zhang, I. Martin, and H. W. Jiang, Phys. Rev. B \textbf{74},
073301 (2006)]. Employing the self-consistence local density approximation for
growth direction wave function and the Hartree-Fock theory for the pseudospin
anisotropy energy, we are able to account for the easy-axis and easy-plane
quantum Hall ferromagnetism observed at total filling factor $\nu = 3$ and
$\nu= 4$, respectively. Our study provides some insight of how the anisotropy
energy, which highly depends upon the distribution of growth direction wave
functions, determines the symmetry of the quantum Hall ferromagnets.


title: Klebanov-Witten theory with massive dynamical flavors

abstract:
  We consider the addition of a large number of massive dynamical flavors to
the Klebanov-Witten theory, the quiver gauge theory describing the low energy
dynamics of Nc D3-branes at the conifold singularity. Massive flavors are
introduced by means of Nf D7-branes which are holomorphically embedded and
smeared along the transverse directions. After some general comments on the
validity of the smearing procedure, we find the full backreacted supergravity
solution corresponding to a particular class of massive embeddings. The
solution depends on a running effective number of flavors, whose functional
form follows from the smeared embedding. The running reflects the integrating
in/out of massive degrees of freedom in the dual field theory as the energy
scale is changed. We study how the dynamics of the theory depends on the flavor
parameters, mainly focusing on the static quark-antiquark potential. As
expected, we find that the dynamical flavors tend to screen the static color
charges.


title: Magnetohydrodynamic experiments on cosmic magnetic fields

abstract:
  It is widely known that cosmic magnetic fields, i.e. the fields of planets,
stars, and galaxies, are produced by the hydromagnetic dynamo effect in moving
electrically conducting fluids. It is less well known that cosmic magnetic
fields play also an active role in cosmic structure formation by enabling
outward transport of angular momentum in accretion disks via the
magnetorotational instability (MRI). Considerable theoretical and computational
progress has been made in understanding both processes. In addition to this,
the last ten years have seen tremendous efforts in studying both effects in
liquid metal experiments. In 1999, magnetic field self-excitation was observed
in the large scale liquid sodium facilities in Riga and Karlsruhe. Recently,
self-excitation was also obtained in the French "von Karman sodium" (VKS)
experiment. An MRI-like mode was found on the background of a turbulent
spherical Couette flow at the University of Maryland. Evidence for MRI as the
first instability of an hydrodynamically stable flow was obtained in the
"Potsdam Rossendorf Magnetic Instability Experiment" (PROMISE). In this review,
the history of dynamo and MRI related experiments is delineated, and some
directions of future work are discussed.


title:
A note on the connection between the universal relaxation bound and the
  covariant entropy bound

abstract:
  A recently proposed universal lower-bound to the characteristic relaxation
times of perturbed thermodynamic systems, derived from quantum information
theory and (classical) thermodynamics and known to be saturated for (certain)
black holes, is investigated in the light of the gravity/thermodynamics
connection. A statistical-mechanical property, unrelated to gravity, essential
for the validity of the generalized covariant entropy bound, namely the
existence of a lower-limiting value l* for the size of thermodynamic systems,
is found to provide a way to understand the universal relaxation bound, thus
regardless of the kind of foundations (i.e. whether conventional or
information-based) of the statistical-mechanical description. As a by-product
an example of a conventional system (i.e. not a black hole) seemingly
saturating the universal relaxation bound is provided.


title:
A comprehensive examination of the Eps Eri system -- Verification of a 4
  micron narrow-band high-contrast imaging approach for planet searches

abstract:
  Due to its proximity, youth, and solar-like characteristics with a spectral
type of K2V, Eps Eri is one of the most extensively studied systems in an
extrasolar planet context. Based on radial velocity, astrometry, and studies of
the structure of its circumstellar debris disk, at least two planetary
companion candidates to Eps Eri have been inferred in the literature (Eps Eri
b, Eps Eri c). Some of these methods also hint at additional companions
residing in the system. Here we present a new adaptive optics assisted
high-contrast imaging approach that takes advantage of the favourable planet
spectral energy distribution at 4 microns, using narrow-band angular
differential imaging to provide an improved contrast at small and intermediate
separations from the star. We use this method to search for planets at orbits
intermediate between Eps Eri b (3.4 AU) and Eps Eri c (40 AU). The method is
described in detail, and important issues related to the detectability of
planets such as the age of Eps Eri and constraints from indirect measurements
are discussed. The non-detection of companion candidates provides stringent
upper limits for the masses of additional planets. Using a combination of the
existing dynamic and imaging data, we exclude the presence of any planetary
companion more massive than 3 Mjup anywhere in the Eps Eri system.
Specifically, with regards to the possible residual linear radial velocity
trend, we find that it is unlikely to correspond to a real physical companion
if the system is as young as 200 Myr, whereas if it is as old as 800 Myr, there
is an allowed semi-major axis range between about 8.5 and 25 AU.


title:
An assessment of Li abundances in weak-lined and classical T Tauri stars
  of the Taurus-Auriga association

abstract:
  Accurate measurements of lithium abundances in young low-mass stars provide
an independent and reliable age diagnostics. Previous studies of nearby star
forming regions have identified significant numbers of Li-depleted stars,often
at levels inconsistent with the ages indicated by their luminosity. We aim at a
new and accurate analysis of Li abundances in a sample of ~100 pre-main
sequence stars in Taurus-Auriga using a homogeneous and updated set of stellar
parameters and model atmospheres appropriate for the spectral types of the
sample stars.We compute Li abundances using published values of the equivalent
widths of the Li 6708 A doublet obtained from medium/high resolution spectra.
We find that the number of significantly Li-depleted stars in Taurus-Auriga is
greatly reduced with respect to earlier results. Only 13 stars have abundances
lower than the interstellar value by a factor of 5 or greater. All of them are
weak-lined T Tauri stars drawn from X-ray surveys; with the exception of four
stars located near the L1551 and L1489 dark clouds, all the Li-depleted stars
belong to the class of dispersed low-mass stars, distributed around the main
sites of current star formation. If located at the distance of Taurus-Auriga,
the stellar ages implied by the derived Li abundances are in the range 3-30
Myr, greater than the bulk of the Li-rich population with implication on the
star formation history of the region. In order to derive firm conclusions about
the fraction of Li-depleted stars of Taurus-Auriga, Li measurements of the
remaining members of the association should be obtained, in particular of the
group of stars that fall in the Li-burning region of the HR diagram.


title: Direct Observation of Quantum Coherence in Single-Molecule Magnets

abstract:
  Direct evidence of quantum coherence in a single-molecule magnet in frozen
solution is reported with coherence times as long as T2 = 630 ns. We can
strongly increase the coherence time by modifying the matrix in which the
single-molecule magnets are embedded. The electron spins are coupled to the
proton nuclear spins of both the molecule itself and interestingly, also to
those of the solvent. The clear observation of Rabi oscillations indicates that
we can manipulate the spin coherently, an essential prerequisite for performing
quantum computations.


title: Universality in the diffusion of knots

abstract:
  We have evaluated a universal ratio between diffusion constants of the ring
polymer with a given knot $K$ and a linear polymer with the same molecular
weight in solution through the Brownian dynamics under hydrodynamic
interaction. The ratio is found to be constant with respect to the number of
monomers, $N$, and hence the estimate at some $N$ should be valid practically
over a wide range of $N$ for various polymer models. Interestingly, the ratio
is determined by the average crossing number ($N_{AC}$) of an ideal
conformation of knotted curve $K$, i.e. that of the ideal knot. The $N_{AC}$ of
ideal knots should therefore be fundamental in the dynamics of knots.


title: History and results of the Riga dynamo experiments

abstract:
  On 11 November 1999, a self-exciting magnetic eigenfield was detected for the
first time in the Riga liquid sodium dynamo experiment. We report on the long
history leading to this event, and on the subsequent experimental campaigns
which provided a wealth of data on the kinematic and the saturated regime of
this dynamo. The present state of the theoretical understanding of both regimes
is delineated, and some comparisons with other laboratory dynamo experiments
are made.


title: Dynamics of DNA Melting

abstract:
  The dynamics of loops at the DNA denaturation transition is studied. A
scaling argument is used to evaluate the asymptotic behavior of the
autocorrelation function of the state of complementary bases (either open or
closed). The long-time asymptotic behavior of the autocorrelation function is
expressed in terms of the entropy exponent, c, of a loop. The validity of the
scaling argument is tested using a microscopic model of an isolated loop and a
toy model of interacting loops. This suggests a method for measuring the
entropy exponent using single-molecule experiments such as florescence
correlation spectroscopy.


title:
Two-dimensional molecular para-hydrogen and ortho-deuterium at zero
  temperature

abstract:
  We study molecular para-hydrogen (p-${\rm H_{2}}$) and ortho-deuterium
(o-${\rm D_{2}}$) in two dimensions and in the limit of zero temperature by
means of the diffusion Monte Carlo method. We report energetic and structural
properties of both systems like the total and kinetic energy per particle,
radial pair distribution function, and Lindemann's ratio in the low pressure
regime. By comparing the total energy per particle as a function of the density
in liquid and solid p-${\rm H_{2}}$, we show that molecular para-hydrogen, and
also ortho-deuterium, remain solid at zero temperature. Interestingly, we
assess the quality of three different symmetrized trial wave functions, based
on the Nosanow-Jastrow model, in the p-${\rm H_{2}}$ solid film at the
variational level. In particular, we analyze a new type of symmetrized trial
wave function which has been used very recently to describe solid $^{4}$He and
found that also characterizes hydrogen satisfactorily. With this wave function,
we show that the one-body density matrix $\varrho_{1} (r)$ of solid p-${\rm
H_{2}}$ possesses off-diagonal long range order, with a condensate fraction
that increases sizably in the negative pressure regime.


title:
Creative elements: network-based predictions of active centres in
  proteins, cellular and social networks

abstract:
  Active centres and hot spots of proteins have a paramount importance in
enzyme action, protein complex formation and drug design. Recently a number of
publications successfully applied the analysis of residue networks to predict
active centres in proteins. Most real-world networks show a number of
properties, such as small-worldness or scale-free degree distribution, which
are rather general features of networks, from molecules to society at large.
Using analogy I propose that existing findings and methodology already enable
us to detect active centres in cells, and can be expanded to social networks
and ecosystems. Members of these active centres are termed here as creative
elements of their respective networks, which may help them to survive
unprecedented, novel challenges, and play a key role in the development,
survival and evolvability of complex systems.

categories: q-bio.MN cond-mat.dis-nn physics.bio-ph q-bio.BM


title: Counterparty risk valuation for CDS

abstract:
  The valuation of counterparty risk for single name credit derivatives
requires the computa- tion of joint distributions of default times of two
default-prone entities. For a Merton-type model, we derive some formulas for
these joint distribu- tions. As an application, closed formulas for
counterparty risk on a CDS or for a first-to-default swap on two underlyings
are obtained.


title:
Influence of a single defect on the conductance of a tunnel point
  contact between a normal metal and a superconductor

abstract:
  We have investigated theoretically the conductance of a Normal-Superconductor
point-contact in the tunnel limit and analyzed the quantum interference effects
originating from the scattering of quasiparticles by point-like defects.
Analytical expressions for the oscillatory dependence of the conductance on the
position of the defect are obtained for the defect situated either in the
normal metal, or in the superconductor. It is found that the amplitude of
oscillations significantly increases when the applied bias approaches the gap
energy of the superconductor. The spatial distribution of the order parameter
near the surface in the presence of a defect is also obtained.


title: About the creation of a parallel bilingual corpora of web-publications

abstract:
  The algorithm of the creation texts parallel corpora was presented. The
algorithm is based on the use of "key words" in text documents, and on the
means of their automated translation. Key words were singled out by means of
using Russian and Ukrainian morphological dictionaries, as well as dictionaries
of the translation of nouns for the Russian and Ukrainianlanguages. Besides, to
calculate the weights of the terms in the documents, empiric-statistic rules
were used. The algorithm under consideration was realized in the form of a
program complex, integrated into the content-monitoring InfoStream system. As a
result, a parallel bilingual corpora of web-publications containing about 30
thousand documents, was created


title: Stratification of Unfoldings of Corank 1 Singularities

abstract:
  In the study of equisingularity of families of mappings Gaffney introduced
the crucial notion of excellent unfoldings. This definition essentially says
that the family can be stratified so that there are no strata of dimension 1
other than the parameter axis for the family. Consider a family of corank 1
multi-germs with source dimension less than target. In this paper it is shown
how image Milnor numbers can ensure some of the conditions involved in being
excellent. The methods used can also be successfully applied to cases where the
double point set is a curve. In order to prove the results the rational
cohomology description of the disentanglement of a corank 1 multi-germ is given
for the first time. Then, using a simple generalization of the Marar-Mond
Theorem on the multiple point space of such maps, this description is applied
to give conditions which imply the upper semi-continuity of the image Milnor
number. From this the main results follow.


title: The symmetries of the 2phi1

abstract:
  We show that the only symmetries of the 2phi1 within a large class of
possible transformations are Heine's transformations. The class of
transformations considered consists of equation of the form 2phi1(a,b;c;q,z)=
f(a,b,c,z) 2phi1(L(a,b,c,q,z)), where f is a q-hypergeometric term and L a
linear operator on the logarithms of the parameters. We moreover prove some
results on q-difference equations satisfied by 2phi1, which are used to prove
the main result.


title:
Melnikov theory to all orders and Puiseux series for subharmonic
  solutions

abstract:
  We study the problem of subharmonic bifurcations for analytic systems in the
plane with perturbations depending periodically on time, in the case in which
we only assume that the subharmonic Melnikov function has at least one zero. If
the order of zero is odd, then there is always at least one subharmonic
solution, whereas if the order is even in general other conditions have to be
assumed to guarantee the existence of subharmonic solutions. Even when such
solutions exist, in general they are not analytic in the perturbation
parameter. We show that they are analytic in a fractional power of the
perturbation parameter. To obtain a fully constructive algorithm which allows
us not only to prove existence but also to obtain bounds on the radius of
analyticity and to approximate the solutions within any fixed accuracy, we need
further assumptions. The method we use to construct the solution -- when this
is possible -- is based on a combination of the Newton-Puiseux algorithm and
the tree formalism. This leads to a graphical representation of the solution in
terms of diagrams. Finally, if the subharmonic Melnikov function is identically
zero, we show that it is possible to introduce higher order generalisations,
for which the same kind of analysis can be carried out.


title: Supermassive Black Holes as Giant Bose-Einstein Condensates

abstract:
  The Schwarzschild metric has a divergent energy density at the horizon, which
motivates a new approach to black holes. If matter is spread uniformly
throughout the interior of a supermassive black hole, with mass $M\sim M_\star=
2.34 10^8M_\odot$, it may arise from a Bose-Einstein condensate of densely
packed H-atoms. Within the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation with a positive
cosmological constant, a bosonic quantum field is coupled to the curvature
scalar. In the Bose-Einstein condensed groundstate an exact, selfconsistent
solution for the metric is presented. It is regular with a specific shape at
the origin. The redshift at the horizon is finite but large, $z\sim
10^{14}$$M_\star/M$. The binding energy remains as an additional parameter to
characterize the BH; alternatively, the mass observed at infinity can be any
fraction of the rest mass of its constituents.


title: Baryon Physics in Holographic QCD

abstract:
  In a simple holographic model for QCD in which the Chern-Simons term is
incorporated to take into account the QCD chiral anomaly, we show that baryons
arise as stable solitons which are the 5D analogs of 4D skyrmions. Contrary to
4D skyrmions and previously considered holographic scenarios, these solitons
have sizes larger than the inverse cut-off of the model, and therefore they are
predictable within our effective field theory approach. We perform a numerical
determination of several static properties of the nucleons and find a
satisfactory agreement with data. We also calculate the amplitudes of
``anomalous'' processes induced by the Chern-Simons term in the meson sector,
such as omega -> pi gamma and omega -> 3pi. A combined fit to baryonic and
mesonic observables leads to an agreement with experiments within 16%.


title: Natural inflation at the GUT scale

abstract:
  Natural inflation driven by Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons have a problem that
the nearly scale invariant spectrum of density perturbations is attained only
when the symmetry breaking scale is of the order of Planck scale. We show here
that if one couples the PNGB to a thermal bath as in warm inflation models, the
amplitude and spectral index which agrees with the WMAP data is obtained with
the symmetry breaking in the GUT scale. We give a GUT model of PNGB arising out
of spontaneously broken lepton number at the GUT scale which gives rise to
heavy Majorana masses for the right handed neutrinos which is needed in see-saw
models. This model also generates a lepton asymmetry because of the derivative
coupling of the PNGB to the lepton current. A characteristic feature of this
model is the prediction of large non-gaussianity which may be observed in the
forthcoming PLANCK experiment.


title:
Effective Construction of a Positive Operator which does not admit
  Triangular Factorization

abstract:
  We have constructed a concrete example of a non-factorable positive operator.
As a result, for the well-known problems (Ringrose, Kadison and Singer
problems) we replace existence theorems by concrete examples.


title: Hypercontact structures and Floer homology

abstract:
  We introduce a new Floer theory associated to a pair consisting of a Cartan
hypercontact 3-manifold M and a hyperkaehler manifold X.


title: Nonhelical mean-field dynamos in a sheared turbulence

abstract:
  Mechanisms of nonhelical large-scale dynamos (shear-current dynamo and effect
of homogeneous kinetic helicity fluctuations with zero mean) in a homogeneous
turbulence with large-scale shear are discussed. We have found that the
shear-current dynamo can act even in random flows with small Reynolds numbers.
However, in this case mean-field dynamo requires small magnetic Prandtl numbers
(i.e., ${\rm Pm} < {\rm Pm}^{\rm cr}<1$). The threshold in the magnetic Prandtl
number, ${\rm Pm}^{\rm cr} = 0.24$, is determined using second order
correlation approximation (or first-order smoothing approximation) for a
background random flow with a scale-dependent viscous correlation time
$\tau_c=(\nu k^2)^{-1}$ (where $\nu$ is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid
and $k$ is the wave number). For turbulent flows with large Reynolds numbers
shear-current dynamo occurs for arbitrary magnetic Prandtl numbers. This dynamo
effect represents a very generic mechanism for generating large-scale magnetic
fields in a broad class of astrophysical turbulent systems with large-scale
shear. On the other hand, mean-field dynamo due to homogeneous kinetic helicity
fluctuations alone in a sheared turbulence is not realistic for a broad class
of astrophysical systems because it requires a very specific random forcing of
kinetic helicity fluctuations that contains, e.g., low-frequency oscillations.


title: NNLO Time-like Splitting Functions in QCD

abstract:
  We review the status of the calculation of the time-like splitting functions
for the evolution of fragmentation functions to the next-to-next-to-leading
order in perturbative QCD. By employing relations between space-like and
time-like deep-inelastic processes, all quark-quark and the gluon-gluon
time-like splitting functions have been obtained to three loops. The
corresponding quantities for the quark-gluon and gluon-quark splitting at this
order are presently still unknown except for their second Mellin moments.


title: Oscillations in the inflaton potential?

abstract:
  We consider a class of inflationary models with small oscillations imprinted
on an otherwise smooth inflaton potential. These oscillations are manifest as
oscillations in the power spectrum of primordial perturbations, which then give
rise to oscillating departures from the standard cosmic microwave background
power spectrum. We show that current data from the Wilkinson Microwave
Anisotropy Probe constrain the amplitude of a sinusoidal variation in the
inflaton potential to have an amplitude less than 3 x 10^{-5}. We anticipate
that the smallest detectable such oscillations in Planck will be roughly an
order of magnitude smaller, with slight improvements possible with a
post-Planck cosmic-variance limited experiment.


title: Transverse-momentum distributions in a diquark spectator model

abstract:
  All the leading-twist parton distribution functions are calculated in a
spectator model of the nucleon, using scalar and axial-vector diquarks. Single
gluon rescattering is used to generate T-odd distribution functions. Different
choices for the diquark polarization states are considered, as well as a few
options for the form factor at the nucleon-quark-diquark vertex. The results
are listed in analytic form and interpreted in terms of light-cone wave
functions. The model parameters are fixed by reproducing the phenomenological
parametrization of unpolarized and helicity parton distributions at the lowest
available scale. Predictions for the other parton densities are given and,
whenever possible, compared with available phenomenological parametrizations.


title:
Dynamical phase transitions in long-range Hamiltonian systems and
  Tsallis distributions with a time-dependent index

abstract:
  We study dynamical phase transitions in systems with long-range interactions,
using the Hamiltonian Mean Field (HMF) model as a simple example. These systems
generically undergo a violent relaxation to a quasi-stationary state (QSS)
before relaxing towards Boltzmann equilibrium. In the collisional regime, the
out-of-equilibrium one-particle distribution function (DF) is a
quasi-stationary solution of the Vlasov equation, slowly evolving in time due
to finite $N$ effects. For subcritical energies $7/12<U<3/4$, we exhibit cases
where the DF is well-fitted by a Tsallis $q$-distribution with an index $q(t)$
slowly decreasing in time from $q\simeq 3$ (semi-ellipse) to $q=1$ (Boltzmann).
When the index $q(t)$ reaches a critical value $q_{crit}(U)$, the
non-magnetized (homogeneous) phase becomes Vlasov unstable and a dynamical
phase transition is triggered, leading to a magnetized (inhomogeneous) state.
While Tsallis distributions play an important role in our study, we explain
this dynamical phase transition by using only conventional statistical
mechanics. For supercritical energies, we report for the first time the
existence of a magnetized QSS with a very long lifetime.


title:
Elastic and quasi-elastic $pp$ and $\gamma^\star p$ scattering in the
  Dipole Model

abstract:
  We have in earlier papers presented an extension of Mueller's dipole cascade
model, which includes sub-leading effects from energy conservation and running
coupling as well as colour suppressed saturation effects from pomeron loops via
a ``dipole swing''. The model was applied to describe the total and diffractive
cross sections in $pp$ and $\gamma^*p$ collisions, and also the elastic cross
section in $pp$ scattering.
  In this paper we extend the model to describe the corresponding quasi-elastic
cross sections in $\gamma^*p$, namely the exclusive production of vector mesons
and deeply virtual compton scattering. Also for these reactions we find a good
agrement with measured cross sections. In addition we obtain a reasonable
description of the $t$-dependence of the elastic $pp$ and quasi-elastic
$\gamma^\star p$ cross sections.


title: Optimal consumption policies in illiquid markets

abstract:
  We investigate optimal consumption policies in the liquidity risk model
introduced in Pham and Tankov (2007). Our main result is to derive smoothness
results for the value functions of the portfolio/consumption choice problem. As
an important consequence, we can prove the existence of the optimal control
(portfolio/consumption strategy) which we characterize both in feedback form in
terms of the derivatives of the value functions and as the solution of a
second-order ODE. Finally, numerical illustrations of the behavior of optimal
consumption strategies between two trading dates are given.


title:
Matrix representation of the stationary measure for the multispecies
  TASEP

abstract:
  In this work we construct the stationary measure of the N species totally
asymmetric simple exclusion process in a matrix product formulation. We make
the connection between the matrix product formulation and the queueing theory
picture of Ferrari and Martin. In particular, in the standard representation,
the matrices act on the space of queue lengths. For N >2 the matrices in fact
become tensor products of elements of quadratic algebras. This enables us to
give a purely algebraic proof of the stationary measure which we present for N
=3.

categories: math.PR cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.MP


title: The two faces of the coin of Special Relativity

abstract:
  It is rarely emphasized in modern physics textbooks that our definitions of
space and time have to reflect their complete interdependence. Our intuitive
methods of always picturing one-dimensional space as a sum of unit-length rods
and of picturing one-dimensional time as consecutive ticks of a clock suggest
subconsciously that changes in space never alter time and vice versa. In this
paper, we present a compiled list of popular arguments against Special
Relativity, and we show how our erroneous intuitive conviction that the
definition of space is always independent of the definition of time and vice
versa is indeed the driving force behind these arguments. Once interdependence
between space and time is established within their respective definitions, it
is shown how such arguments are quickly resolved. Interdependence between space
and time is described in two different ways, which are mathematically different
but physically equivalent. We show how by assuming a time-independent
measurement tool for space, time should be defined in terms of space to reflect
their interdependence and this yields Lorentz Transformation. If we assume a
space-independent measurement tool for time, space should be defined in terms
of time, and this yields a different set of equations. Next, it is shown how
the two different faces of the coin of Special Relativity, while mathematically
different, are essentially equivalent from a physical point of view, and that
both yield the same laws of addition of velocity, length contraction and time
dilation effects. The apparent differences in physical interpretations between
the two sets of equations are attributed to the differences in the definitions
of space and time used in both cases.


title:
Semigroup of positive maps for qudit states and entanglement in
  tomographic probability representation

abstract:
  Stochastic and bistochastic matrices providing positive maps for spin states
(for qudits) are shown to form semigroups with dense intersection with the Lie
groups $IGL(n, \mathbb{R})$ and $GL(n, \mathbb{R})$ respectively. The density
matrix of a qudit state is shown to be described by a spin tomogram determined
by an orbit of the bistochastic semigroup acting on a simplex. A class of
positive maps acting transitively on quantum states is introduced by relating
stochastic and quantum stochastic maps in the tomographic setting. Finally, the
entangled states of two qubits and Bell inequalities are given in the framework
of the tomographic probability representation using the stochastic semigroup
properties.


title: An avalanche-photodiode-based photon-number-resolving detector

abstract:
  Avalanche photodiodes are widely used as practical detectors of single
photons.1 Although conventional devices respond to one or more photons, they
cannot resolve the number in the incident pulse or short time interval.
However, such photon number resolving detectors are urgently needed for
applications in quantum computing,2-4 communications5 and interferometry,6 as
well as for extending the applicability of quantum detection generally. Here we
show that, contrary to current belief,3,4 avalanche photodiodes are capable of
detecting photon number, using a technique to measure very weak avalanches at
the early stage of their development. Under such conditions the output signal
from the avalanche photodiode is proportional to the number of photons in the
incident pulse. As a compact, mass-manufactured device, operating without
cryogens and at telecom wavelengths, it offers a practical solution for photon
number detection.

categories: quant-ph cond-mat.other physics.ins-det physics.optics


title: Gravitational Contributions to the Running of Gauge Couplings

abstract:
  Gravitational contributions to the running of gauge couplings are calculated
by using different regularization schemes. As the $\beta$ function concerns
counter-terms of dimension four, only quadratic divergences from the
gravitational contributions need to be investigated. A consistent result is
obtained by using a symmetry-preserving loop regularization with string-mode
regulators which can appropriately treat the quadratic divergences and preserve
non-abelian gauge symmetry. The harmonic gauge condition for gravity is used in
both diagrammatical and background field calculations, the resulting
gravitational corrections to the $\beta$ function are found to be nonzero,
which is different from previous results presented in the existing literatures.


title: On the attosecond laser pulse tissue interaction

abstract:
  In this paper the attosecond laser pulse tissue is investigated. The master
equation is formulated and solved. The thermal relaxation time and thermal
waves speed are calculated


title:
Electrochemically controlled polymeric device: a memristor (and more)
  found two years ago

abstract:
  We report the fabrication and properties of a polymeric memristor, i.e. an
electronic element with memory of its previous history. We show how this
element can be viewed as a functional analog of a synaptic junction and how it
can be used as a critical node in adaptive networks capable of bioinspired
intelligent signal processing.

categories: cond-mat.soft cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.mtrl-sci physics.bio-ph


title: Stellar populations and galaxy evolution in the NGC 80 group

abstract:
  We have studied the central parts of seven early-type galaxies -- the members
of the X-ray-bright galaxy group NGC 80 -- by means of integral-field
spectroscopy at the Russian 6m telescope. We searched for signatures of
synchronous evolution of the group galaxies. The following results have been
obtained. Five galaxies have revealed old stellar populations in the bulges,
with the SSP-equivalent ages from 10 to 15 Gyr. A moderate-luminous S0 galaxy
IC 1548 demonstrates consequences of recent star formation burst: the
SSP-equivalent age of the bulge is 3 Gyr, that of the nucleus -- 1.5 Gyr. It is
also in this galaxy that we have found a circumnuclear polar gaseous disk which
changes smoothly to counterrotating one at radii larger than 3 arcsec(1 kpc).
Probably, IC 1548 had suffered an interaction with external gas accretion which
might also provoke the central star formation burst. In the giant E0 galaxy NGC
83 which is projected close to the group center but has a line-of-sight
velocity redshifted by 600 km/s with respect to the group systemic velocity, we
have observed a compact massive stellar-gaseous disk with the radius of some 2
kpc demonstrating current star formation. Consequently, NGC 83, just as IC
1548, has the young stellar population in the center. We speculate that a small
subgroup leaded by NGC 83 is in process of infalling into the old massive group
around NGC 80.


title:
Harmonic symmetrization of convex sets and of Finsler structures, with
  applications to Hilbert geometry

abstract:
  David Hilbert discovered in 1895 an important metric that is canonically
associated to any convex domain $\Omega$ in the Euclidean (or projective)
space. This metric is known to be Finslerian, and the usual proof assumes a
certain degree of smoothness of the boundary of $\Omega$ and refers to a
theorem by Busemann and Mayer that produces the norm of a tangent vector from
the distance function. In this paper, we develop a new approach for the study
of the Hilbert metric where no differentiability is assumed. The approach
exhibits the Hilbert metric on a domain as a symmetrization of a natural weak
metric, known as the Funk metric. The Funk metric is described as a
tautological weak Finsler metric, in which the unit ball at each tangent space
is naturally identified with the domain $\Omega$ itself. The Hilbert metric is
then identified with the reversible tautological weak Finsler structure on
$\Omega$, and the unit ball at each point is described as the harmonic
symmetrization of the unit ball of the Funk metric. Properties of the Hilbert
metric then follow from general properties of harmonic symmetrizations of weak
Finsler structures.


title: Hardness of embedding simplicial complexes in $\R^d$

abstract:
  Let EMBED(k,d) be the following algorithmic problem: Given a finite
simplicial complex K of dimension at most k, does there exist a (piecewise
linear) embedding of K into R^d? Known results easily imply polynomiality of
EMBED(k,2) (k=1,2; the case k=1, d=2 is graph planarity) and of EMBED(k,2k) for
all k>2 (even if k is not considered fixed).
  We observe that the celebrated result of Novikov on the algorithmic
unsolvability of recognizing the 5-sphere implies that EMBED(d,d) and
EMBED(d-1,d) are undecidable for each d>4. Our main result is NP-hardness of
EMBED(2,4) and, more generally, of EMBED(k,d) for all k,d with d>3 and d\geq k
\geq (2d-2)/3. These dimensions fall outside the so-called metastable range of
a theorem of Haefliger and Weber, which characterizes embeddability using the
deleted product obstruction. Our reductions are based on examples, due to
Segal, Spie\.z, Freedman, Krushkal, Teichner, and Skopenkov, showing that
outside the metastable range the deleted product obstruction is not sufficient
to characterize embeddability.


title: Unveiling the mystery of visual information processing in human brain

abstract:
  It is generally accepted that human vision is an extremely powerful
information processing system that facilitates our interaction with the
surrounding world. However, despite extended and extensive research efforts,
which encompass many exploration fields, the underlying fundamentals and
operational principles of visual information processing in human brain remain
unknown. We still are unable to figure out where and how along the path from
eyes to the cortex the sensory input perceived by the retina is converted into
a meaningful object representation, which can be consciously manipulated by the
brain. Studying the vast literature considering the various aspects of brain
information processing, I was surprised to learn that the respected scholarly
discussion is totally indifferent to the basic keynote question: "What is
information?" in general or "What is visual information?" in particular. In the
old days, it was assumed that any scientific research approach has first to
define its basic departure points. Why was it overlooked in brain information
processing research remains a conundrum. In this paper, I am trying to find a
remedy for this bizarre situation. I propose an uncommon definition of
"information", which can be derived from Kolmogorov's Complexity Theory and
Chaitin's notion of Algorithmic Information. Embracing this new definition
leads to an inevitable revision of traditional dogmas that shape the state of
the art of brain information processing research. I hope this revision would
better serve the challenging goal of human visual information processing
modeling.


title: A note on unparticle in lower dimensions

abstract:
  Using the gauge-invariant but path-dependent variables formalism, we examine
the effect of the space-time dimensionality on a physical observable in the
unparticle scenario. We explicitly show that long-range forces between
particles mediated by unparticles are still present whenever we go over into
lower dimensions.


title: Harish-Chandra bimodules for quantized Slodowy slices

abstract:
  The Slodowy slice is an especially nice slice to a given nilpotent conjugacy
class in a semisimple Lie algebra. Premet introduced noncommutative
quantizaions of the Poisson algebra of polynomial functions on the Slodowy
slice.
  In this paper, we define and study Harish-Chandra bimodules over Premet's
algebras. We apply the technique of Harish-Chandra bimodules to prove a
conjecture of Premet concerning primitive ideals, and to construct
`noncommutative resolutions' of Slodowy slices via translation functors.


title: How edge states are destroyed in disordered mesoscopic samples?

abstract:
  We report theoretical investigations on how edge states are destroyed in
disordered mesoscopic samples by calculating a "phase diagram" in terms of
energy versus disorder strength $(E,W)$, and magnetic field versus disorder
strength $(B,W)$, in the integer quantum Hall regime. It is found that as the
disorder strength $W$ increases, edge states are destroyed one by one if
transmission eigen-channels are used to characterize the edge states. Near the
insulating regime, transmission eigen-channels are closed one by one in the
same order as edges states are destroyed. To identify those edge states which
have survived disorder, we introduce a generalized current density that can be
calculated and visualized.