title:
Two approaches for the gravitational self force in black hole spacetime:
  Comparison of numerical results

abstract:
  Recently, two independent calculations have been presented of finite-mass
("self-force") effects on the orbit of a point mass around a Schwarzschild
black hole. While both computations are based on the standard mode-sum method,
they differ in several technical aspects, which makes comparison between their
results difficult--but also interesting. Barack and Sago [Phys. Rev. D {\bf
75}, 064021 (2007)] invoke the notion of a self-accelerated motion in a
background spacetime, and perform a direct calculation of the local self force
in the Lorenz gauge (using numerical evolution of the perturbation equations in
the time domain); Detweiler [Phys. Rev. D {\bf 77}, 124026 (2008)] describes
the motion in terms a geodesic orbit of a (smooth) perturbed spacetime, and
calculates the metric perturbation in the Regge--Wheeler gauge (using
frequency-domain numerical analysis). Here we establish a formal correspondence
between the two analyses, and demonstrate the consistency of their numerical
results. Specifically, we compare the value of the conservative $O(\mu)$ shift
in $u^t$ (where $\mu$ is the particle's mass and $u^t$ is the Schwarzschild $t$
component of the particle's four-velocity), suitably mapped between the two
orbital descriptions and adjusted for gauge. We find that the two analyses
yield the same value for this shift within mere fractional differences of $\sim
10^{-5}$--$10^{-7}$ (depending on the orbital radius)--comparable with the
estimated numerical error.


title: Superconductivity in Fluorine-Arsenide Sr_{1-x}La_xFeAsF

abstract:
  Since the discovery of superconductivity\cite{1} at 26 K in oxy-pnictide
$LaFeAsO_{1-x}F_x$, enormous interests have been stimulated in the fields of
condensed matter physics and material sciences. Among the five different
structures in this broad type of superconductors\cite{2,3,4,5,6}, the ZrCuSiAs
structure has received special attention since the $T_c$ has been quickly
promoted to 55-56 K\cite{7,8,9,10,11} in fluorine doped oxy-pnictides REFeAsO
(RE = rare earth elements). The superconductivity can also be induced by
applying a high pressure to the undoped samples\cite{12,13}. The mechanism of
superconductivity in the FeAs-based system remains unclear yet, but it turns
out to be clear that any change to the structure or the building blocks will
lead to a change of the superconducting transition temperatures. In this
Letter, we report the fabrication of the new family of compounds, namely
fluorine-arsenides DvFeAsF (Dv = divalent metals) with the ZrCuSiAs structure
and with the new building block DvF instead of the REO (both the layers DvF and
REO have the combined cation state of "+1"). The undoped parent phase has a
Spin-Density-Wave like transition at about 173 K for SrFeAsF, 118 K for CaFeAsF
and 153 K for EuFeAsF. By doping electrons into the system the resistivity
anomaly associated with this SDW transition is suppressed and superconductivity
appears at 32 K in the fluorine-arsenide Sr$_{1-x}$La$_x$FeAsF (x = 0.4). Our
discovery here initiates a new method to obtain superconductors in the
FeAs-based system.


title:
Exactly solvable model for the dynamics of two spin-1/2 particles
  embedded in separate spin star environments

abstract:
  Exact analytical results for the dynamics of two interacting qubits each of
which is embedded in its own spin star bath are presented. The time evolution
of the concurrence and the purity of the two-qubit system is investigated for
finite and infinite numbers of environmental spins. The effect of qubit-qubit
interactions on the steady state of the central system is investigated


title:
'Ultimate' Information Content in Solar and Stellar Spectra:
  Photospheric line asymmetries and wavelength shifts

abstract:
  CONTEXT: Spectral-line asymmetries and wavelength shifts are signatures of
hydrodynamics in solar and stellar atmospheres. Theory may precisely predict
idealized lines, but observed spectra are limited by blends, too few suitable
lines, imprecise laboratory wavelengths, and by instrumental imperfections.
  AIMS: Bisectors and shifts are extracted until the 'ultimate' accuracy limits
in highest-quality solar and stellar spectra, to understand limits set by
stellar physics, observational techniques, and limitations in laboratory data.
  METHODS: Spectral atlases of the Sun and bright solar-type stars were
examined for thousands of 'unblended' lines with the most accurate laboratory
wavelengths, yielding bisectors and shifts as averages over groups of similar
lines, thus minimizing effects of photometric noise and of random blends.
  RESULTS: For solar spectra, bisector shapes and shifts were extracted for
previously little-studied species (Fe II, Ti I, Ti II, Cr II, Ca I, C I), using
recently determined very accurate laboratory wavelengths. In Procyon and other
F-type stars, a blueward bend in the bisector near the spectral continuum
reveals line saturation and damping wings in upward-moving photospheric
granules. Accuracy limits set by 'astrophysical' noise, finite instrumental
resolution, superposed telluric absorption, and inaccurate wavelengths,
together limit absolute lineshift studies to approximately 50-100 m/s.
  CONCLUSIONS: Spectroscopy with resolutions R = 300,000 will enable bisector
studies for many stars. Circumventing remaining limits of astrophysical noise
in line-blends and rotationally smeared profiles may ultimately require
spectroscopy across spatially resolved stellar disks.


title:
Secular Evolution in Disk Galaxies: Pseudobulge Growth and the Formation
  of Spheroidal Galaxies

abstract:
  Updating Kormendy & Kennicutt (2004, ARAA, 42, 603), we review internal
secular evolution of galaxy disks. One consequence is the growth of
pseudobulges that often are mistaken for true (merger-built) bulges. Many
pseudobulges are recognizable as cold, rapidly rotating, disky structures.
Bulges have Sersic function brightness profiles with index n > 2; most
pseudobulges have n <= 2. Recognition of pseudobulges makes the biggest problem
with cold dark matter galaxy formation more acute: How can hierarchical
clustering make so many pure disk galaxies with no evidence for merger-built
bulges? E. g., the giant Scd galaxies M101 and NGC 6946 have rotation
velocities of V ~ 200 km/s but nuclear star clusters with velocity dispersions
of 25 to 40 km/s. Within 8 Mpc of us, 11 of 19 galaxies with V > 150 km/s show
no evidence for a classical bulge, while only 7 are ellipticals or have
classical bulges. It is hard to understand how bulgeless galaxies could form as
the quiescent tail of a distribution of merger histories. Our second theme is
environmental secular evolution. We confirm that spheroidal galaxies have
fundamental plane (FP) correlations that are almost perpendicular to those for
bulges and ellipticals. Spheroidals are not dwarf ellipticals. Rather, their
structural parameters are similar to those of late-type galaxies. We suggest
that spheroidals are defunct late-type galaxies transformed by internal
processes such as supernova-driven gas ejection and environmental processes
such as secular harassment and ram-pressure stripping. Minus spheroidals, the
FP of ellipticals and bulges has small scatter. With respect to these,
pseudobulges are larger and less dense.


title:
Neutron-Rich Freeze-Out in Viscously Spreading Accretion Disks Formed
  from Compact Object Mergers

abstract:
  Accretion disks with masses ~0.001-0.1 Msun form during the merger of neutron
star (NS)-NS and black hole-NS binaries. Initially, such hyper-accreting disks
cool efficiently by neutrino emission and their composition is driven
neutron-rich by pair captures under degenerate conditions. However, as the disk
viscously spreads and its temperature drops, cooling becomes inefficient and
the disk becomes advective. Analytic arguments and numerical simulations
suggest that once this occurs, powerful winds likely drive away most of the
disk's remaining mass. We calculate the thermal evolution and nuclear
composition of viscously spreading accretion disks formed from compact object
mergers using one-dimensional height-integrated simulations. We show that
freeze-out from weak equilibrium necessarily accompanies the disk's late-time
transition to an advective state. As a result, hyper-accreting disks
generically freeze out neutron-rich (with electron fraction Ye ~ 0.2-0.4), and
their late-time outflows robustly synthesize rare neutron-rich isotopes. Using
the measured abundances of these isotopes in our solar system, we constrain the
compact object merger rate in the Milky Way to be < 1e-5 (M_d,0/0.1 Msun)^(-1)
per year, where M_d,0 is the average initial mass of the accretion disk. Thus,
either the NS-NS merger rate is at the low end of current estimates or the
average disk mass produced during a typical merger is << 0.1 Msun. We also show
that if most short duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced by compact
object mergers, their beaming fraction must exceed f_b ~ 0.13(M_d,0/0.1 Msun),
corresponding to a jet half-opening angle > 30(M_d,0/0.1 Msun)^(1/2) degrees.
This is consistent with other evidence that short duration GRB outflows are
less collimated than those produced in long duration GRBs.


title:
Spin and Charge Fluctuations and Lattice Effects on Charge Orders in
  \alpha-(BEDT-TTF)_2I_3

abstract:
  The effects of spin and charge fluctuations and electron-phonon couplings on
charge ordering in \alpha-(BEDT-TTF)_2I_3
(BEDT-TTF=bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalence) are investigated
theoretically for an anisotropic triangular lattice at 3/4 filling. By the
exact-diagonalization method, we have calculated the hole density distributions
and the modulations of transfer integrals from high-temperature values as a
function of electron-phonon coupling strength. The results clearly show that
the lattice effect on \alpha-(BEDT-TTF)_2I_3 is weak compared with that on
\theta-(BEDT-TTF)_2RbZn(SCN)_4, as previously found by experiments. This
finding, which is also consistent with recent mean-field results, is
systematically explained by strong-coupling perturbation theory; the effects of
spin fluctuations are partially canceled by charge fluctuations in
\alpha-(BEDT-TTF)_2I_3.


title: Simulating Subhalos at High Redshift: Merger Rates, Counts, and Types

abstract:
  Galaxies are believed to be in one-to-one correspondence with simulated dark
matter subhalos. We use high-resolution N-body simulations of cosmological
volumes to calculate the statistical properties of subhalo (galaxy) major
mergers at high redshift (z=0.6-5). We measure the evolution of the galaxy
merger rate, finding that it is much shallower than the merger rate of dark
matter host halos at z>2.5, but roughly parallels that of halos at z<1.6. We
also track the detailed merger histories of individual galaxies and measure the
likelihood of multiple mergers per halo or subhalo. We examine satellite merger
statistics in detail: 15%-35% of all recently merged galaxies are satellites
and satellites are twice as likely as centrals to have had a recent major
merger. Finally, we show how the differing evolution of the merger rates of
halos and galaxies leads to the evolution of the average satellite occupation
per halo, noting that for a fixed halo mass, the satellite halo occupation
peaks at z~2.5.


title:
A quantum criticality perspective on the charging of narrow quantum-dot
  levels

abstract:
  Understanding the charging of exceptionally narrow levels in quantum dots in
the presence of interactions remains a challenge within mesoscopic physics. We
address this fundamental question in the generic model of a narrow level
capacitively coupled to a broad one. Using bosonization we show that for
arbitrary capacitive coupling charging can be described by an analogy to the
magnetization in the anisotropic Kondo model, featuring a low-energy crossover
scale that depends in a power-law fashion on the tunneling amplitude to the
level. Explicit analytical expressions for the exponent are derived and
confirmed by detailed numerical and functional renormalization-group
calculations.


title:
Mott insulating state in a quarter-filled two-orbital Hubbard chain with
  different bandwidths

abstract:
  We investigate the ground-state properties of the one-dimensional two-band
Hubbard model with different bandwidths. The density-matrix renormalization
group method is applied to calculate the averaged electron occupancies $n$ as a
function of the chemical potential $\mu$. Both at quarter and half fillings,
"charge plateaux" appear in the $n$-$\mu$ plot, where $d\mu/dn$ diverges and
the Mott insulating states are realized. To see how the orbital polarization in
the one-quarter charge plateau develops, we apply the second-order perturbation
theory from the strong-coupling limit at quarter filling. The resultant
Kugel-Khomskii spin-orbital model includes a $magnetic$ field coupled to
orbital pseudo-spins. This field originates from the discrepancy between the
two bandwidths and leads to a finite orbital pseudo-spin magnetization.


title: Super Star Clusters in SBS0335-052E

abstract:
  As one of the lowest metallicity star forming galaxies, with a nucleus of
several super star clusters, SBS0335-052E is the subject of substantial current
study. We present new insights on this galaxy based on new and archival high
spatial resolution NICMOS and ACS images. We provide new measurements and
limits on the size of several of the SSCs. The images have sufficient
resolution to divide the star formation into compact regions and newly
discovered extended regions, indicating a bi-modal form of star formation. The
star formation regions are dated via the equivalent width of the Pa alpha
emission and we find that two of the extended regions of star formation are
less than 10 million years old. Our previous finding that stellar winds confine
the photo-ionizing flux to small regions around individual stars is consistent
with the new observations. This may allow planet formation in what would
traditionally be considered a harsh environment and has implications for the
number of planets around globular cluster stars. In addition the images
pinpoint the regions of H2 emission as located in, but not at the center of the
two star forming super star clusters, S1 and S2.


title: The Star Formation Law in Nearby Galaxies on Sub-Kpc Scales

abstract:
  (Abridged) We present a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between
star formation rate surface density (SFR SD) and gas surface density (gas SD)
at sub-kpc resolution in a sample of 18 nearby galaxies. We use high resolution
HI data from THINGS, CO data from HERACLES and BIMA SONG, 24 micron data from
the Spitzer Space Telescope, and UV data from GALEX. We target 7 spiral
galaxies and 11 late-type/dwarf galaxies and investigate how the star formation
law differs between the H2-dominated centers of spiral galaxies, their
HI-dominated outskirts and the HI-rich late-type/dwarf galaxies.
  We find that a Schmidt-type power law with index N=1.0+-0.2 relates the SFR
SD and the H2 SD across our sample of spiral galaxies, i.e., that H2 forms
stars at a constant efficiency in spirals. The average molecular gas depletion
time is ~2*10^9 yrs. We interpret the linear relation and constant depletion
time as evidence that stars are forming in GMCs with approximately uniform
properties and that the H2 SD may be more a measure of the filling fraction of
giant molecular clouds than changing conditions in the molecular gas.
  The relationship between total gas SD and SFR SD varies dramatically among
and within spiral galaxies. Most galaxies show little or no correlation between
the HI SD and the SFR SD. As a result, the star formation efficiency (SFE = SFR
SD / gas SD) varies strongly across our sample and within individual galaxies.
We show that in spirals the SFE is a clear function of radius, while the dwarf
galaxies in our sample display SFEs similar to those found in the outer optical
disks of the spirals. Another general feature of our sample is a sharp
saturation of the HI SD at ~9 M_sol/pc^2 in both the spiral and dwarf galaxies.


title: Quantum computational webs

abstract:
  We introduce the notion of quantum computational webs: These are quantum
states universal for measurement-based computation which can be built up from a
collection of simple primitives. The primitive elements - reminiscent of
building blocks in a construction kit - are (i) states on a one-dimensional
chain of systems ("computational quantum wires") with the power to process one
logical qubit and (ii) suitable couplings which connect the wires to a
computationally universal "web". All elements are preparable by
nearest-neighbor interactions in a single pass - a type of operation
well-suited for a number of physical architectures. We provide a complete
classification of qubit wires. This is first instance where a physically
well-motivated class of universal resources can be fully understood. Finally,
we sketch possible realizations in superlattices, and explore the power of
coupling mechanisms based on Ising or exchange-interactions.


title:
Probing the accretion disk and central engine structure of NGC4258 with
  Suzaku and XMM-Newton observations

abstract:
  [abridged] We present an X-ray study of the low-luminosity active galactic
nucleus (AGN) in NGC4258 using data from Suzaku, XMM-Newton, and the Swift/BAT
survey. We find that signatures of X-ray reprocessing by cold gas are very weak
in the spectrum of this Seyfert-2 galaxy; a weak, narrow fluorescent-Kalpha
emission line of cold iron is robustly detected in both the Suzaku and
XMM-Newton spectra but at a level much below that of most other Seyfert-2
galaxies. We conclude that the circumnuclear environment of this AGN is very
"clean" and lacks the Compton-thick obscuring torus of unified Seyfert schemes.
  From the narrowness of the iron line, together with evidence for line flux
variability between the Suzaku and XMM-Newton observations, we constrain the
line emitting region to be between $3\times 10^3r_g$ and $4\times 10^4r_g$ from
the black hole. We show that the observed properties of the iron line can be
explained if the line originates from the surface layers of a warped accretion
disk. In particular, we present explicit calculations of the expected iron line
from a disk warped by Lens-Thirring precession from a misaligned central black
hole. Finally, the Suzaku data reveal clear evidence for large amplitude
2-10keV variability on timescales of 50ksec as well as smaller amplitude flares
on timescales as short as 5-10ksec. If associated with accretion disk
processes, such rapid variability requires an origin in the innermost regions
of the disk ($r\approx 10r_g$ or less).


title: Doping a semiconductor to create an unconventional metal

abstract:
  Landau Fermi liquid theory, with its pivotal assertion that electrons in
metals can be simply understood as independent particles with effective masses
replacing the free electron mass, has been astonishingly successful. This is
true despite the Coulomb interactions an electron experiences from the host
crystal lattice, its defects, and the other ~1022/cm3 electrons. An important
extension to the theory accounts for the behaviour of doped semiconductors1,2.
Because little in the vast literature on materials contradicts Fermi liquid
theory and its extensions, exceptions have attracted great attention, and they
include the high temperature superconductors3, silicon-based field effect
transistors which host two-dimensional metals4, and certain rare earth
compounds at the threshold of magnetism5-8. The origin of the non-Fermi liquid
behaviour in all of these systems remains controversial. Here we report that an
entirely different and exceedingly simple class of materials - doped small gap
semiconductors near a metal-insulator transition - can also display a non-Fermi
liquid state. Remarkably, a modest magnetic field functions as a switch which
restores the ordinary disordered Fermi liquid. Our data suggest that we have
finally found a physical realization of the only mathematically rigourous route
to a non-Fermi liquid, namely the 'undercompensated Kondo effect', where there
are too few mobile electrons to compensate for the spins of unpaired electrons
localized on impurity atoms9-12.


title: The straw man of quantum physics

abstract:
  The violation of Bell inequalities by experiment has convinced physicists
that we cannot maintain a classical view of the world. When we argue against
the possibility of local realist hidden-variable models, however, the
ubiquitous requirement of realism, that "measurement results depend on
pre-existing properties of objects that are independent of the measurement",
reduces classical theory to a straw man. When our most successful physical
theories have been field theories for well over a century, and probabilistic
for almost as long, the proper comparison is between quantum fields and random
fields, for which there are no sharply defined objects and no properties, so
that realism is inapplicable. If we model quantum fluctuations explicitly, we
can construct random field models as alternatives to quantum field models.


title: On the origin of microturbulence in hot stars

abstract:
  We present results from the first extensive study of convection zones in the
envelopes of hot massive stars, which are caused by opacity peaks associated
with iron and helium ionization. These convective regions can be located very
close to the stellar surface. Recent observations of microturbulence in massive
stars from the VLT-Flames survey are in good agreement with our predictions
concerning the occurrence and the strength of sub-surface convection in hot
stars. We argue further that convection close to the surface may trigger
clumping at the base of the stellar wind of massive stars.


title: High Spatial Resolution Galactic 3D Extinction Mapping with IPHAS

abstract:
  We present an algorithm ({\scshape mead}, for `Mapping Extinction Against
Distance') which will determine intrinsic ($r' - i'$) colour, extinction, and
distance for early-A to K4 stars extracted from the IPHAS $r'/i'/\Halpha$
photometric database. These data can be binned up to map extinction in three
dimensions across the northern Galactic Plane. The large size of the IPHAS
database ($\sim 200$ million unique objects), the accuracy of the digital
photometry it contains and its faint limiting magnitude ($r' \sim 20$) allow
extinction to be mapped with fine angular ($ \sim 10 $ arcmin) and distance
($\sim 0.1$ ~kpc) resolution to distances of up to 10 kpc, outside the Solar
Circle. High reddening within the Solar Circle on occasion brings this range
down to $\sim 2$ kpc. The resolution achieved, both in angle and depth, greatly
exceeds that of previous empirical 3D extinction maps, enabling the structure
of the Galactic Plane to be studied in increased detail. {\scshape mead}
accounts for the effect of the survey magnitude limits, photometric errors,
unresolved ISM substructure, and binarity. The impact of metallicity
variations, within the range typical of the Galactic disc is small. The
accuracy and reliability of {\scshape mead} are tested through the use of
simulated photometry created with Monte-Carlo sampling techniques. The success
of this algorithm is demonstrated on a selection of fields and the results are
compared to the literature.


title:
Monte Carlo Markov Chain Parameter Estimation in Semi-Analytic Models of
  Galaxy Formation

abstract:
  [abridged] We present a statistical exploration of the parameter space of the
De Lucia and Blaizot version of the Munich semi-analytic model built upon the
millennium dark matter simulation. This is achieved by applying a Monte Carlo
Markov Chain method to constrain the 6 free parameters that define the stellar
and black-hole mass functions at redshift zero. The model is tested against
three different observational data sets, including the galaxy K-band luminosity
function, B-V colours, and the black hole-bulge mass relation, separately and
combined, to obtain mean values, confidence limits and likelihood contours for
the best fit model. Using each observational data set independently, we discuss
how the SA model parameters affect each galaxy property and to what extent the
correlations between them can lead to improved understandings of the physics of
galaxy formation. When all the observations are combined, we find reasonable
agreement between the majority of the previously published parameter values and
our confidence limits. However, the need to suppress dwarf galaxy formation
requires the strength of the supernova feedback to be significantly higher in
our best-fit solution than in previous work. To balance this, we require the
feedback to become ineffective in halos of lower circular velocity than before,
so as to permit the formation of sufficient high-luminosity galaxies:
unfortunately, this leads to an excess of galaxies around L*. Although the
best-fit is formally consistent with the data, there is no region of parameter
space that reproduces the shape of galaxy luminosity function across the whole
magnitude-range. We discuss modifications to the semi-analytic model that might
simultaneously improve the fit to the observed luminosity function and reduce
the reliance on excessive supernova feedback in small halos.


title: f(R) cosmology with torsion

abstract:
  f(R)-gravity with geometric torsion (not related to any spin fluid) is
considered in a cosmological context. We derive the field equations in vacuum
and in presence of perfect-fluid matter and discuss the related cosmological
models. Torsion vanishes in vacuum for almost all arbitrary functions f(R)
leading to standard General Relativity. Only for f(R)=R^{2}, torsion gives
contribution in the vacuum leading to an accelerated behavior . When material
sources are considered, we find that the torsion tensor is different from zero
even with spinless material sources. This tensor is related to the logarithmic
derivative of f'(R), which can be expressed also as a nonlinear function of the
trace of the matter energy-momentum tensor. We show that the resulting
equations for the metric can always be arranged to yield effective Einstein
equations. When the homogeneous and isotropic cosmological models are
considered, terms originated by torsion can lead to accelerated expansion. This
means that, in f(R) gravity, torsion can be a geometric source for
acceleration.


title: Potential PDF sensitivity at LHCb

abstract:
  A review of the potential sensitivity of the LHCb experiment to the parton
distribution functions is given. Studies of dimuon events coming from Z, W and
low mass Drell Yan production are presented and compared to MSTW theoretical
predictions.


title: New Complexities in the Low-State line profiles of AM Herculis

abstract:
  When accretion temporarily ceases in the polar AM Her, the emission line
profiles are known to develop several distinct components, whose origin remains
poorly understood. The new low-state spectra reported here have a more
favorable combination of spectral resolution (R~4500), time resolution (~3-min
exposures), and S/N than earlier work, revealing additional details of the
orbital dependence of the line profiles. The central strong feature of H-alpha
is found to be composed of two components of similar strength, one having K~100
km/sec and phased with the motion of the secondary star, the other having
little or no detectable radial velocity variations. We attribute the central
line component to gas near the coupling region, perhaps with a contribution
from irradiation of the secondary star. The two satellite components have RV
offsets of ~+/-250 km/sec on either side of the central strong H-alpha peak.
These satellites most likely arise in large loops of magnetically confined gas
near the secondary star due to magnetic activity on the donor star and/or
interactions of the magnetic fields of the two stars. Doppler maps show that
these two satellite features have concentrations at velocities that match the
velocity locations of L4 and L5 in the system.


title:
The Different Evolution of Gas and Dust in Disks around Sun-like and
  Cool Stars

abstract:
  We present the first comprehensive, comparative Spitzer/IRS study of the dust
and gas properties of disks around young sun-like stars (K1-M5) and cool
stars/brown dwarfs (M5-M9). The comparison of these two large samples of over
60 sources reveal major differences in the evolution of both the dust and gas
components.We report the first detections of organic molecules in disks around
brown dwarfs. The detection rate statistics and the line flux ratios of HCN and
C2H2 show a striking diference between the two samples, demonstrating a
significant under-abundance of HCN relative to C2H2 in the disk surface of cool
stars. We propose this to originate from the large difference in the
UV-irradiation around the two types of sources. The statistical comparison of
the 10 micron silicate emission features also reveals a significant difference
between the two samples. Cool stars and brown dwarfs show weaker features
arising from more processed silicate grains in the disk atmosphere. These
findings complement previous indications of flatter disk structures and longer
disk lifetimes around cool stars.


title:
Compactness of the Complex Green Operator on CR-Manifolds of
  Hypersurface Type

abstract:
  The purpose of this article is to study compactness of the complex Green
operator on CR manifolds of hypersurface type. We introduce (CR-P_q), a
potential theoretic condition on $(0,q)$-forms that generalizes Catlin's
property (P_q) to CR manifolds of arbitrary codimension. We prove that if an
embedded CR-manifold of hypersurface type satisfies (CR-P_q) and (CR-P_{n-1-q})
and is of real dimension at least five, then the complex Green operator is a
compact operator on the Sobolev spaces $H^s_{0,q}(M)$, if $1\leq q \leq n-2$
and $s\geq 0$. We use CR-plurisubharmonic functions to build a microlocal norm
that controls the totally real direction of the tangent bundle.


title: Stability of a metric f(R) gravity theory implies the Newtonian limit

abstract:
  We show that the existence of the Newtonian limit cannot work as a selection
rule for choosing the correct gravity theory fromm the set of all L=f(R) ones.
To this end we prove that stability of the ground state solution in arbitrary
purely metric f(R) gravity implies the existence of the Newtonian limit of the
theory. And the stability is assumed to be the fundamental viability criterion
of any gravity theory. The Newtonian limit is either strict in the mathematical
sense if the ground state is flat spacetime or approximate and valid on length
scales smaller than the cosmological one if the ground state is de Sitter or
AdS space. Hence regarding the Newtonian limit a metric f(R) gravity does not
differ from GR with arbitrary Lambda. This is exceptional to Lagrangians solely
depending on R and/or Ricci tensor. An independent selection rule is necessary.


title:
Synchrotron Emissions in GRB Prompt Phase Using a Semi Leptonic and
  Hadronic Model

abstract:
  In this communication devoted to the prompt emission of GRBs, we claim that
some important parameters associated to the magnetic field, such as its index
profile, the index of its turbulence spectrum and its level of irregularities,
will be measurable with GLAST. In particular the law relating the peak energy
Epeak with the total energy E (like Amati's law) constrains the turbulence
spectrum index and, among all existing theories of MHD turbulence, is
compatible with the Kolmogorov scaling only. Thus, these data will allow a much
better determination of the performances of GRBs as particle accelerators. This
opens the possibility to characterize both electron and proton acceleration
more seriously. We discuss the possible generation of UHECRs and of its
signature through GeV-TeV synchrotron emission.


title:
The Star Formation Efficiency in Nearby Galaxies: Measuring Where Gas
  Forms Stars Effectively

abstract:
  We measure the star formation efficiency (SFE), the star formation rate per
unit gas, in 23 nearby galaxies and compare it to expectations from proposed
star formation laws and thresholds. We use HI maps from THINGS and derive H2
maps from HERACLES and BIMA SONG CO. We estimate the star formation rate by
combining GALEX FUV maps and SINGS 24 micron maps, infer stellar surface
density profiles from SINGS 3.6 micron data, and use kinematics from THINGS. We
measure the SFE as a function of: the free-fall and orbital timescales;
midplane gas pressure; stability of the gas disk to collapse (including the
effects of stars); the ability of perturbations to grow despite shear; and the
ability of a cold phase to form. In spirals, the SFE of H2 alone is nearly
constant at 5.25 +/- 2.5 x 10^(-10) yr^(-1) (equivalent to an H2 depletion time
of 1.9x10^9 yr) as a function of all of these variables at our 800 pc
resolution. Where the ISM is mostly HI, on the other hand, the SFE decreases
with increasing radius in both spiral and dwarf galaxies, a decline reasonably
described by an exponential with scale length 0.2-0.25 r_25. We interpret this
decline as a strong dependence of GMC formation on environment. The ratio of H2
to HI appears to be a smooth function of radius, stellar surface density, and
pressure spanning from the H2-dominated to HI-dominated ISM. The radial decline
in SFE is too steep to be reproduced only by increases in the free-fall time or
orbital time. Thresholds for large-scale instability suggest that our disks are
stable or marginally stable and do not show a clear link to the declining SFE.
We suggest that ISM physics below the scales that we observe - phase balance in
the HI, H2 formation and destruction, and stellar feedback - governs the
formation of GMCs from HI.


title:
The ACS Nearby Galaxy Survey Treasury I. The Star Formation History of
  the M81 Outer Disk

abstract:
  The ACS Nearby Galaxy Survey Treasury (ANGST) is a large Hubble Space
Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) treasury program to obtain
resolved stellar photometry for a volume-limited sample of galaxies out to 4
Mpc. As part of this program, we have obtained deep ACS imaging of a field in
the outer disk of the large spiral galaxy M81. The field contains the outskirts
of a spiral arm as well as an area containing no current star formation. Our
imaging results in a color-magnitude diagram (CMD) reaching to F814W = 28.8 and
F606W = 29.5, one magnitude fainter than the red clump. Through detailed
modeling of the full CMD, we quantify the age and metallicity distribution of
the stellar populations contained in the field. The mean metallicity in the
field is -1<[M/H]<0 and only a small fraction of stars have ages <~1 Gyr. The
results show that most of the stars in this outer disk field were formed by z~1
and that the arm structure at this radius has a lifetime of >~100 Myr. We
discuss the measured evolution of the M81 disk in the context of surveys of
high-redshift disk galaxies and deep stellar photometry of other nearby
galaxies. All of these indicate that massive spiral disks are mostly formed by
z~1 and that they have experienced rapid metal enrichment.


title:
Multiple stellar populations in Magellanic Clouds clusters. I. An
  ordinary feature for intermediate age globulars in the LMC?

abstract:
  The discovery of multiple MSs in NGC2808 and Omega Centauri, and multiple
SGBs in NGC1851 and NGC6388 has challenged the long-held paradigm that GCs
consist of simple stellar populations. This picture has been further
complicated by recent studies of the LMC intermediate-age clusters, where the
MSTO was found to be bimodal or broadened. We have undertaken a study of
archival HST images of LMC and SMC clusters with the aim of measuring the
frequency of clusters with evidence of multiple or prolonged star formation
events and determining their main properties. In this paper, we analyse the CMD
of 16 intermediate-age LMC clusters. We find that 11 clusters show an anomalous
spread (or split) in color and magnitude around the MSTO. We demonstrate that
the observed feature is unequivocally associated to the clusters and that it is
not an artifact due to photometric errors, differential reddening or binaries.
We confirm that NGC 1806 and NGC 1846 clearly exhibit two distinct MSTOs and
observe, for the first time, a double MSTO in NGC 1751. In these three clusters
the population corresponding to the brighter MSTO includes more than two-thirds
of cluster stellar population. We confirm the presence of multiple stellar
populations in NGC 1783 and suggest that the MSTO of this cluster is formed by
two distinct branches. In 7 clusters (ESO057-SC075, HODGE7, NGC1852, NGC1917,
NGC1987, NGC2108, and NGC2154) we observed an intrinsic broadening of the MSTO
that may suggest that these clusters have experienced a prolonged period of
star formation (150-250 Myr). The CMDs of IC2146, NGC1644, NGC1652, NGC1795 and
NGC1978 show no evidence of spread or bimodality. In summary 70$\pm$25% of our
sample are not consistent with the simple, single stellar population hypotesis.


title: Mutual space-frequency distribution of Gaussian signal

abstract:
  Mutual space-frequency distribution is proposed and it is shown that Wigner
and Weyl distribution functions are only particular cases of these
distribution. Mutual distribution for Gaussian signal is analytically obtained.
The simple connection between Wigner and Weyl distributions is established. It
is shown that Wigner distribution forms as the rotational displacement of Weyl
distribution on informational diagram of conjugate coordinates $(x;p)$ on an
angle proportional to the mutual parameter $t$. The results of direct
calculations of mutual distribution for Gaussian signal in the mutual domain
are presented.


title: Stellar tracers of the Cygnus Arm. II: A young open cluster in Cam OB3

abstract:
  Cam OB3 is the only defined OB association believed to belong to the Outer
Galactic Arm or Cygnus Arm. Very few members have been observed and the
distance modulus to the association is not well known. We attempt a more
complete description of the population of Cam OB3 and a better determination of
its distance modulus. We present uvby photometry of the area surrounding the
O-type stars BD +56 864 and LS I +57 138, finding a clear sequence of
early-type stars that define an uncatalogued open cluster, which we call
Alicante 1. We also present spectroscopy of stars in this cluster and the
surrounding association. From the spectral types for 18 very likely members of
the association and UBV photometry found in the literature, we derive
individual reddenings, finding a extinction law close to standard and an
average distance modulus DM=13.0+-0.4. This value is in excellent agreement
with the distance modulus to the new cluster Alicante 1 found by fitting the
photometric sequence to the ZAMS. In spite of the presence of several O-type
stars, Alicante 1 is a very sparsely populated open cluster, with an almost
total absence of early B-type stars. Our results definitely confirm Cam OB3 to
be located on the Cygnus Arm and identify the first open cluster known to
belong to the association.


title: Neutrino mixing and mass hierarchy in Gaussian landscapes

abstract:
  The flavor structure of the Standard Model may arise from random selection on
a landscape. In a class of simple models, called "Gaussian landscapes," Yukawa
couplings derive from overlap integrals of Gaussian zero-mode wavefunctions on
an extra-dimensional space. Statistics of vacua are generated by scanning the
peak positions of these wavefunctions, giving probability distributions for all
flavor observables. Gaussian landscapes can account for all of the major
features of flavor, including both the small electroweak mixing in the quark
sector and the large mixing observed in the lepton sector. We find that large
lepton mixing stems directly from lepton doublets having broad wavefunctions on
the internal manifold. Assuming the seesaw mechanism, we find the mass
hierarchy among neutrinos is sensitive to the number of right-handed neutrinos,
and can provide a good fit to neutrino oscillation measurements.


title:
Influence of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya exchange interaction on quantum
  phase interference of spins

abstract:
  Magnetization measurements of a Mn12mda wheel single-molecule magnet with a
spin ground state of S = 7 show resonant tunneling and quantum phase
interference, which are established by studying the tunnel rates as a function
of a transverse field applied along the hard magnetization axis.
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) exchange interaction allows the tunneling between
different spin multiplets. It is shown that the quantum phase interference of
these transitions is strongly dependent on the direction of the DM vector.


title:
Comment on the Black Hole Recoil Candidate Quasar SDSS
  J092712.65+294344.0

abstract:
  SDSS J092712.65+294344.0 has been proposed as a candidate for a supermassive
black hole (~10^8.8 solar masses) ejected at high speed from the host galactic
nucleus by gravitational radiation recoil, or alternatively for a supermassive
black hole binary. This is based on a blueshift of 2650 km/s of the broad
emission lines ("b-system") relative to the narrow emission lines ("r-system")
presumed to reflect the galaxy velocity. New observations with the Hobby-Eberly
Telescope (HET) confirm the essential features of the spectrum. We note a third
redshift system, characterized by weak, narrow emission lines of [O III] and [O
II] at an intermediate velocity 900 km/s redward of the broad line velocity
("i-system"). A composite spectrum of SDSS QSOs similar to J0927 illustrates
the feasibility of detecting the calcium K absorption line in spectra of
sufficient quality. The i-system may represent the QSO host galaxy or a
companion. Photoionization requires the black hole to be ~3 kpc from the
r-system emitting gas, implying that we are observing the system only 10^6 yr
after the recoil event and contributing to the low probability of observing
such a system. The HET observations give an upper limit of 10 km/s per year on
the rate of change of the velocity difference between the r- and b-systems,
constraining the orbital phase in the binary model. These considerations and
the presence of a cluster of galaxies apparently containing J0927 favor the
idea that this system represents a superposition of two AGN.


title:
Entanglement under the renormalization-group transformations on quantum
  states and in quantum phase transitions

abstract:
  We consider quantum states under the renormalization-group (RG)
transformations introduced by Verstraete et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 140601
(2005)] and propose a quantification of entanglement under such RG (via the
geometric measure of entanglement). We examine the resulting entanglement under
RG for the ground states of "matrix-product-state" (MPS) Hamiltonians
constructed by Wolf et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 110403 (2006)] that possess
quantum phase transitions. We find that near critical points, the ground-state
entanglement exhibits singular behavior. The singular behavior within finite
steps of RG obeys a scaling hypothesis and reveals the correlation length
exponent. However, under the infinite steps of RG transformation, the singular
behavior is rendered different and is universal only when there is an
underlying conformal-field-theory description of the critical point.


title: Radial Solutions for Hamiltonian Elliptic Systems with Weights

abstract:
  We prove the existence of infinitely many radial solutions for elliptic
systems in Rn with power weights. A key tool for the proof will be a weighted
imbedding theorem for fractional-order Sobolev spaces, that could be of
independent interest.


title:
LCDM predictions for galaxy protoclusters I: the relation between
  galaxies, protoclusters and quasars at z~6

abstract:
  Motivated by recent observational studies of the environment of z~6 QSOs, we
have used the Millennium Run (MR) simulations to construct a very large (~20
deg^2) mock redshift survey of star-forming galaxies at z~6. We use this
simulated survey to study the relation between density enhancements in the
distribution of i-dropouts and Lya-emitters, and their relation to the most
massive halos and protocluster regions at z~6. Our simulation predicts
significant variations in surface density across the sky with some voids and
filaments extending over scales of 1 degree, much larger than probed by current
surveys. Approximately one third of all z~6 halos hosting i-dropouts brighter
than z=26.5 mag (~M* at z=6) become part of z=0 galaxy clusters. i-dropouts
associated with protocluster regions are found in regions where the surface
density is enhanced on scales ranging from a few to several tens of arcminutes
on the sky. We analyze two structures of i-dropouts and Lya-emitters observed
with the Subaru Telescope and show that these structures must be the seeds of
massive clusters-in-formation. In striking contrast, six z~6 QSO fields
observed with HST show no significant enhancements in their i-dropout number
counts. With the present data, we cannot rule out the QSOs being hosted by the
most massive halos. However, neither can we confirm this widely used
assumption. We conclude by giving detailed recommendations for the
interpretation and planning of observations by current and future ground- and
space based instruments that will shed new light on questions related to the
large-scale structure at z~6.


title:
Counterrotating perfect fluid discs as sources of electrovacuum static
  spacetimes

abstract:
  The interpretation of some electrovacuum spacetimes in terms of
counterrotating perfect fluid discs is presented. The interpretation is mades
by means of an "inverse problem" approach used to obtain disc sources of known
static solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations. In order to do such
interpretation, a detailed study is presented of the counterrotating model
(CRM) for generic electrovacuum static axially symmetric relativistic thin
discs with nonzero radial pressure. Four simple families of models of
counterrotating charged discs based on Chazy-Curzon-type, Zipoy-Voorhees-type,
Bonnor-Sackfield-type, and charged and magnetized Darmois electrovacuum metrics
are considered where we obtain some discs with a CRM well behaved.


title: Parametrization of holomorphic Segre preserving maps

abstract:
  In this paper, we explore holomorphic Segre preserving maps. First, we
investigate holomorphic Segre preserving maps sending the complexification
$\mathcal{M}$ of a generic real analytic submanifold $M \subseteq \C^N$ of
finite type at some point $p$ into the complexification $\mathcal{M}'$ of a
generic real analytic submanifold $M' \subseteq \C^{N'}$, finitely
nondegenerate at some point $p'$. We prove that for a fixed $M$ and $M'$, the
germs at $(p,\bar{p})$ of Segre submersive holomorphic Segre preserving maps
sending $(\M,(p,\bar{p}))$ into $(\M',(p', \bar{p}'))$ can be parametrized by
their $r$-jets at $(p,\bar{p})$, for some fixed $r$ depending only on $M$ and
$M'$. (If, in addition, $M$ and $M'$ are both real algebraic, then we prove
that any such map must be holomorphic algebraic.) From this parametrization, it
follows that the set of germs of holomorphic Segre preserving automorphisms
$\mathcal{H}$ of the complexification $\mathcal{M}$ of a real analytic
submanifold finitely nondegenerate and of finite type at some point $p$, and
such that $\mathcal{H}$ fixes $(p,\bar{p})$, is an algebraic complex Lie group.
We then explore the relationship between this automorphism group and the group
of automorphisms of $M$ at $p$.


title: Isomorphism and Morita equivalence of graph algebras

abstract:
  For any countable graph $E$, we investigate the relationship between the
Leavitt path algebra $L_{\C}(E)$ and the graph C*-algebra $C^*(E)$. For graphs
$E$ and $F$, we examine ring homomorphisms, ring *-homomorphisms, algebra
homomorphisms, and algebra *-homomorphisms between $L_{\C}(E)$ and $L_{\C}(F)$.
We prove that in certain situations isomorphisms between $L_{\C}(E)$ and
$L_{\C}(F)$ yield *-isomorphisms between the corresponding C*-algebras $C^*(E)$
and $C^*(F)$. Conversely, we show that *-isomorphisms between $C^*(E)$ and
$C^*(F)$ produce isomorphisms between $L_{\C}(E)$ and $L_{\C}(F)$ in specific
cases. The relationship between Leavitt path algebras and graph C*-algebras is
also explored in the context of Morita equivalence.


title:
Geometric properties and related results for holomorphic Segre
  preserving maps

abstract:
  In this paper, we examine holomorphic Segre preserving maps between the
complexifications of real hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{C}^{n+1}$. In particular,
we find several sufficient conditions ensuring that Segre transversality and
total Segre nondegeneracy of the maps must hold.


title: Multi-variable subordination distributions for free additive convolution

abstract:
  Let k be a positive integer and let D_k denote the space of joint
distributions for k-tuples of selfadjoint elements in C*-probability space. The
paper studies the concept of "subordination distribution of \mu \boxplus \nu
with respect to \nu" for \mu, \nu \in D_k, where \boxplus is the operation of
free additive convolution on D_k. The main tools used in this study are
combinatorial properties of R-transforms for joint distributions and a related
operator model, with operators acting on the full Fock space
  Multi-variable subordination turns out to have nice relations to a process of
evolution towards \boxplus-infinite divisibility on D_k that was recently found
by Belinschi and Nica (arXiv:0711.3787). Most notably, one gets better insight
into a connection which this process was known to have with free Brownian
motion.


title: Heavy-quark energy loss in pQCD and SYM plasmas

abstract:
  We consider heavy-quark energy loss and pT-broadening in a strongly-coupled
N=4 Super Yang Mills (SYM) plasma, and the problem of finite-extend matter is
addressed. When expressed in terms of the appropriate saturation momentum, one
finds identical parametric forms for the energy loss in pQCD and SYM theory,
while pT-broadening is radiation dominated in SYM theory and multiple
scattering dominated in pQCD.


title: On the zero temperature limit of interacting corpora

abstract:
  We characterize the zero-temperature limits of minimal free energy states for
interacting corpora -- that is, for objects with finitely many degrees of
freedom, such as articulated rods. These limits are measures supported on
zero-level-sets of the interaction potential. We describe a selection mechanism
for the limits that is mediated by evanescent entropic contributions.


title: Quantum stabilizer codes and beyond

abstract:
  The importance of quantum error correction in paving the way to build a
practical quantum computer is no longer in doubt. This dissertation makes a
threefold contribution to the mathematical theory of quantum error-correcting
codes. Firstly, it extends the framework of an important class of quantum codes
-- nonbinary stabilizer codes. It clarifies the connections of stabilizer codes
to classical codes over quadratic extension fields, provides many new
constructions of quantum codes, and develops further the theory of optimal
quantum codes and punctured quantum codes. Secondly, it contributes to the
theory of operator quantum error correcting codes also called as subsystem
codes. These codes are expected to have efficient error recovery schemes than
stabilizer codes. This dissertation develops a framework for study and analysis
of subsystem codes using character theoretic methods. In particular, this work
establishes a close link between subsystem codes and classical codes showing
that the subsystem codes can be constructed from arbitrary classical codes.
Thirdly, it seeks to exploit the knowledge of noise to design efficient quantum
codes and considers more realistic channels than the commonly studied
depolarizing channel. It gives systematic constructions of asymmetric quantum
stabilizer codes that exploit the asymmetry of errors in certain quantum
channels.


title: Charged perfect fluid disks as sources of Taub-NUT-type spacetimes

abstract:
  The interpretation of a family of electrovacuum stationary Taub-NUT-type
fields in terms of finite charged perfect fluid disks is presented. The
interpretation is mades by means of an "inverse problem" approach used to
obtain disk sources of known solutions of the Einstein or Einstein-Maxwell
equations. The diagonalization of the energy-momentum tensor of the disks is
facilitated in this case by the fact that it can be written as an upper right
triangular matrix. We find that the inclusion of electromagnetic fields changes
significatively the different material properties of the disks and so we can
obtain, for some values of the parameters, finite charged perfect fluid disks
that are in agreement with all the energy conditions.


title: Direct CP Violation in K-decay and Minimal Left-Right Symmetry Scale

abstract:
  We calculate the new contribution to the direct CP-violation parameter
$\epsilon'$ in $K\to \pi\pi$ decay in the minimal left-right symmetric model
with the recently-obtained right-handed quark Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing.
We pay particular attention to the uncertainty in the hadronic matrix element
of a leading four-quark operator $O^{LR}_-$. We find that it can be related to
the standard model electromagnetic penguin operator $O_8$ through $SU(3)_L
\times SU(3)_R$ chiral symmetry. Using the lattice and large $N_c$
calculations, we obtain a robust constraint on the minimal left-right symmetric
scale $M_{W_R}>5$ TeV from the experimental data on $\epsilon'$.


title: Everywhere regularity of certain types of parabolic systems

abstract:
  In this paper I discuss nonlinear parabolic systems that are generalizations
of scalar diffusion equations. I show that when potential is a convex function
that depends only on the norm of the solution, then bounded weak solutions of
these parabolic systems are everywhere Holder continuous and thus everywhere
smooth. I also show that the method used to prove this result can be easily
adopted to simplify the proof of the result due to Wiegner on everywhere
regularity of bounded weak solutions of strongly coupled parabolic systems.


title: Notions of Lawvere theory

abstract:
  Categorical universal algebra can be developed either using Lawvere theories
(single-sorted finite product theories) or using monads, and the category of
Lawvere theories is equivalent to the category of finitary monads on Set. We
show how this equivalence, and the basic results of universal algebra, can be
generalized in three ways: replacing Set by another category, working in an
enriched setting, and by working with another class of limits than finite
products.
  An important special case involves working with sifted-colimit-preserving
monads rather than filtered-colimit-preserving ones.


title: Optical Pumping : Experiment and Theory Revisited

abstract:
  The objective of this paper is to share our enthusiasm for optical pumping
experiments and to encourage their use in researches on practical physics. The
experimental technique has been well developed and the apparatus sophisticated,
but, by paying attention to a few details, reliable operation can be repeated.
Some theoretical principles for optical pumping are also introduced and they
can be demonstrated experimentally.


title:
Prospects of neutrino oscillation measurements in the detection of
  reactor antineutrinos with a medium-baseline experiment

abstract:
  Despite the dramatic progress made in neutrino oscillation studies recently,
several fundamental neutrino parameters remain either unknown or poorly
measured. We discuss in detail a method for their measurement by precision
studies of oscillation-caused neutrino energy spectrum distortions, for which a
large underwater inverse beta decay detector appears to be a perfect tool.
Results determine optimal baselines and necessary exposures in the presence of
systematic uncertainties and the unavoidable background from terrestrial
antineutrinos.


title: The Rational qKZ Equation and Shifted Non-Symmetric Jack Polynomials

abstract:
  We construct special solutions to the rational quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov
equation associated with the Lie algebra $gl_N$. The main ingredient is a
special class of the shifted non-symmetric Jack polynomials. It may be regarded
as a shifted version of the singular polynomials studied by Dunkl. We prove
that our solutions contain those obtained as a scaling limit of matrix elements
of the vertex operators of level one.


title:
States of an Ensemble of Two-Level Atoms with Reduced Quantum
  Uncertainty

abstract:
  We generate entangled states of an ensemble of 5*10^4 rubidium-87 atoms by
optical quantum nondemolition measurement. The resonator-enhanced measurement
leaves the atomic ensemble, prepared in a superposition of hyperfine clock
levels, in a squeezed spin state. By comparing the resulting reduction of
quantum projection noise (up to 8.8(8) dB) with the concomitant reduction of
coherence, we demonstrate a clock input state with spectroscopic sensitivity
3.0(8) dB beyond the standard quantum limit.


title:
Hidden Galilean symmetry, conservation laws and emergence of spin
  current in the soliton sector of chiral helimagnet

abstract:
  Motivated by the spin current problem in chiral helimagnet, we rigorously
elucidated the hidden Galilean invariance in the chiral XY model under the
magnetic field. The Lie group analysis is applied to the differential equations
of the continuum theory of the chiral helimagnet with the parity-violating
Dzyaloshinskii-Morya coupling under a transversal magnetic field. Lie point
symmetries and the invariant solutions under these symmetries are found. They
present sliding solutions that come up as a consequence of breaking of both
spin rotational symmetry by the external magnetic field and a parity violation
due to the Dzyaloshinskii-Morya interaction. We found that variational
symmetries are related with translations in space and time, the corresponding
energy and momentum conservation laws are derived. We therefore succeeded in
justifying the existence of the transport spin current in chiral helimagnet.


title:
Thermal Effects of Circumplanetary Disk Formation around Proto-Gas Giant
  Planets

abstract:
  The formation of a circumplanetary disk and accretion of angular momentum
onto a protoplanetary system are investigated using 3D hydrodynamical
simulations. The local region around a protoplanet in a protoplanetary disk is
considered with sufficient spatial resolution: the region from outside the Hill
sphere to the Jovian radius is covered by the nested-grid method. To
investigate the thermal effects of the circumplanetary disk, various equations
of state are adopted. Large thermal energy around the protoplanet slightly
changes the structure of the circumplanetary disk. Compared with a model
adopting an isothermal equation of state, in a model with an adiabatic equation
of state, the protoplanet's gas envelope extends farther, and a slightly thick
disk appears near the protoplanet. However, different equations of state do not
affect the acquisition process of angular momentum for the protoplanetary
system. Thus, the specific angular momentum acquired by the system is fitted as
a function only of the protoplanet's mass. A large fraction of the total
angular momentum contributes to the formation of the circumplanetary disk. The
disk forms only in a compact region in very close proximity to the protoplanet.
Adapting the results to the solar system, the proto-Jupiter and Saturn have
compact disks in the region of r < 21 r_J (r < 0.028 r_HJ) and r < 66 r_S (r <
0.061 r_HS), respectively, where r_J (r_HJ) and r_S (r_HS) are the Jovian and
Saturnian (Hill) radius, respectively. The surface density has a peak in these
regions due to the balance between centrifugal force and gravity of the
protoplanet. The size of these disks corresponds well to the outermost orbit of
regular satellites around Jupiter and Saturn. Regular satellites may form in
such compact disks around proto-gas giant planets.


title: The spectra ko and ku are not Thom spectra: an approach using THH

abstract:
  We apply an announced result of Blumberg-Cohen-Schlichtkrull to reprove
(under restricted hypotheses) a theorem of Mahowald: the connective real and
complex K-theory spectra are not Thom spectra.


title: Total integrals of global solutions to Painleve II

abstract:
  We evaluate the total integral from negative infinity to positive infinity of
all global solutions to the Painleve II equation on the real line. The method
is based on the interplay between one of the equations of the associated Lax
pair and the corresponding Riemann-Hilbert problem. In addition, we evaluate
the total integral of a function related to a special solution to the Painleve
V equation. As a corollary, we obtain short proofs of the computation of the
constant terms of the limiting gap probabilities in the edge and the bulk of
the Gaussian Orthogonal and Gaussian Symplectic Ensembles that were obtained
recently in [4] and [18]. We also evaluate the total integrals of certain
polynomials of the Painleve functions and their derivatives. These polynomials
are the densities of the first integrals of the modified Korteweg-de Vries
equation. We discuss the relations of the formulae we have obtained to the
classical trace formulae for the Dirac operator on the line.


title: A photonic cluster state machine gun

abstract:
  We present a method to convert certain single photon sources into devices
capable of emitting large strings of photonic cluster state in a controlled and
pulsed "on demand" manner. Such sources would greatly reduce the resources
required to achieve linear optical quantum computation. Standard spin errors,
such as dephasing, are shown to affect only 1 or 2 of the emitted photons at a
time. This allows for the use of standard fault tolerance techniques, and shows
that the photonic machine gun can be fired for arbitrarily long times. Using
realistic parameters for current quantum dot sources, we conclude high
entangled-photon emission rates are achievable, with Pauli-error rates per
photon of less than 0.2%. For quantum dot sources the method has the added
advantage of alleviating the problematic issues of obtaining identical photons
from independent, non-identical quantum dots, and of exciton dephasing.


title:
First Confirmed Detection of a Bipolar Molecular Outflow from a Young
  Brown Dwarf

abstract:
  Studying the earliest stages in the birth of stars is crucial for
understanding how they form. Brown dwarfs with masses between that of stars and
planets are not massive enough to maintain stable hydrogen-burning fusion
reactions during most of their lifetime. Their origins are subject to much
debate in recent literature because their masses are far below the typical mass
where core collapse is expected to occur. We present the first confirmed
evidence that brown dwarfs undergo a phase of molecular outflow that is typical
of young stars. Using the Submillimeter Array, we have obtained a map of a
bipolar molecular outflow from a young brown dwarf. We estimate an outflow mass
of 1.6 x 10^-4 M_Sun and a mass-loss rate of 1.4 x 10^-9 M_Sun. These values
are over two orders of magnitude smaller than the typical ones for T Tauri
stars. From our millimiter continuum data and our own analysis of Spitzer
infrared photometry, we estimate that the brown dwarf has a disk with a mass of
8 x 10^-3 M_Sun and an outer disk radius of 80 AU. Our results demonstrate that
the bipolar molecular outflow operates down to planetary masses, occurring in
brown dwarfs as a scaled-down version of the universal process seen in young
stars.


title:
Enhancement of Cavity Cooling of a Micromechanical Mirror Using
  Parametric Interactions

abstract:
  It is shown that an optical parametric amplifier inside a cavity can
considerably improve the cooling of the micromechanical mirror by radiation
pressure. The micromechanical mirror can be cooled from room temperature 300 K
to sub-Kelvin temperatures, which is much lower than what is achievable in the
absence of the parametric amplifier. Further if in case of a precooled mirror
one can reach millikelvin temperatures starting with about 1 K. Our work
demonstrates the fundamental dependence of radiation pressure effects on photon
statistics.


title: Pion vector and scalar form factors with dynamical overlap quarks

abstract:
  We calculate the pion vector and scalar form factors in two-flavor QCD. Gauge
configurations are generated with dynamical overlap quarks on a 16^3 x 32
lattice at a lattice spacing of 0.12 fm with sea quark masses down to a sixth
of the physical strange quark mass. Contributions of disconnected diagrams to
the scalar form factor is calculated employing the all-to-all quark
propagators. We present a detailed comparison of the vector and scalar radii
with chiral perturbation theory to two loops.


title: Neutrinos and Future Concordance Cosmologies

abstract:
  We review the free parameters in the concordance cosmology, and those which
might be added to this set as the quality of astrophysical data improves. Most
concordance parameters encode information about otherwise unexplored aspects of
high energy physics, up to the GUT scale via the "inflationary sector," and
possibly even the Planck scale in the case of dark energy. We explain how
neutrino properties may be constrained by future astrophysical measurements.
Conversely, future neutrino physics experiments which directly measure these
parameters will remove uncertainty from fits to astrophysical data, and improve
our ability to determine the global properties of our universe.


title: Spectral properties of spherically confined dusty plasma crystals

abstract:
  A combined theoretical and experimental analysis of the normal modes of
three-dimensional spherially confined Yukawa clusters is presented. Particular
attention is paid to the breathing mode and the existence of multiple monopole
oscillations in Yukawa systems. Finally, the influence of dissipation on the
mode spectrum is investigated.


title:
Ultracold Atoms in 1D Optical Lattices: Mean Field, Quantum Field,
  Computation, and Soliton Formation

abstract:
  In this work, we highlight the correspondence between two descriptions of a
system of ultracold bosons in a one-dimensional optical lattice potential: (1)
the discrete nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation, a discrete mean-field theory,
and (2) the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian, a discrete quantum-field theory. The
former is recovered from the latter in the limit of a product of local coherent
states. Using a truncated form of these mean-field states as initial
conditions, we build quantum analogs to the dark soliton solutions of the
discrete nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation and investigate their dynamical
properties in the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian. We also discuss specifics of the
numerical methods employed for both our mean-field and quantum calculations,
where in the latter case we use the time-evolving block decimation algorithm
due to Vidal.


title: Reconstructing Quintom from Ricci Dark Energy

abstract:
  The holographic dark energy with Ricci scalar as IR cutoff called Ricci dark
energy(RDE) probes the nature of dark energy with respect to the holographic
principle of quantum gravity theory. The scalar field dark energy models like
quintom are often viewed as effective description of the underlying field
theory of dark energy. In this letter, we assume RDE model as the underlying
field theory to find how the generalized ghost condensate model(GGC) that can
easily realize quintom behavior can be used to effectively describe it and
reconstruct the function $h(\phi)$ of the generalized ghost condensate model.


title:
Suppression of spin-density-wave transition and emergence of
  ferromagnetic ordering of Eu$^{2+}$ moments in EuFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_{x}$As$_{2}$

abstract:
  We present a systematic study on the physical properties of
EuFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_{x}$As$_{2}$ (0$\leq$\emph{x}$\leq$0.2) by electrical
resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and thermopower measurements. The undoped
compound EuFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ undergoes a spin-density-wave (SDW) transition
associated with Fe moments at 195 K, followed by antiferromagnetic (AFM)
ordering of Eu$^{2+}$ moments at 20 K. Ni doping at the Fe site simultaneously
suppresses the SDW transition and AFM ordering of Eu$^{2+}$ moments. For
$x\geq$0.06, the magnetic ordering of Eu$^{2+}$ moments evolves from
antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic (FM). The SDW transition is completely
suppressed for $x\geq$0.16, however, no superconducting transition was observed
down to 2 K. The possible origins of the AFM-to-FM transition and the absence
of superconductivity in EuFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_{x}$As$_{2}$ system are discussed.


title: Microstate Geometries and Entropy Enhancement

abstract:
  In string theory, black-hole backgrounds are far from unique and there are
large families of completely smooth, horizonless geometries with the same
structure as a black hole from infinity down to the neighborhood of the
black-hole horizon. These microstate geometries cap off in foam of topological
bubbles. I review some of the recent progress in constructing these smooth
horizonless geometries and discuss some of the physical implications.


title: Strong Rational Connectedness of Surfaces

abstract:
  We discuss the strong rational connectedness of smooth rationally connected
surfaces. We prove in lots of cases, including the smooth locus of a log del
Pezzo surface, the rational connectedness indeed implies the strong rational
conectedness. This confirms a conjecture due to Hassett and Tschinkel in
\cite{ht08}.


title: New avenue to the Parton Distribution Functions: Self-Organizing Maps

abstract:
  Neural network algorithms have been recently applied to construct Parton
Distribution Function (PDF) parametrizations which provide an alternative to
standard global fitting procedures. We propose a technique based on an
interactive neural network algorithm using Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs). SOMs
are a class of clustering algorithms based on competitive learning among
spatially-ordered neurons. Our SOMs are trained on selections of stochastically
generated PDF samples. The selection criterion for every optimization iteration
is based on the features of the clustered PDFs. Our main goal is to provide a
fitting procedure that, at variance with the standard neural network
approaches, allows for an increased control of the systematic bias by enabling
user interaction in the various stages of the process.


title:
Silicon carbide absorption features: dust formation in the outflows of
  extreme carbon stars

abstract:
  Infrared carbon stars without visible counterparts are generally known as
extreme carbon stars. We have selected a subset of these stars with absorption
features in the 10-13 $\mu$m range, which has been tentatively attributed to
silicon carbide (SiC). We add three new objects meeting these criterion to the
seven previously known, bringing our total sample to ten sources. We also
present the result of radiative transfer modeling for these stars, comparing
these results to those of previous studies. In order to constrain model
parameters, we use published mass-loss rates, expansion velocities and
theoretical dust condensation models to determine the dust condensation
temperature. These show that the inner dust temperatures of the dust shells for
these sources are significantly higher than previously assumed. This also
implies that the dominant dust species should be graphite instead of amorphous
carbon. In combination with the higher condensation temperature we show that
this results in a much higher acceleration of the dust grains than would be
expected from previous work. Our model results suggest that the very optically
thick stage of evolution does not coincide with the timescales for the
superwind, but rather, that this is a very short-lived phase. Additionally, we
compare model and observational parameters in an attempt to find any
correlations. Finally, we show that the spectrum of one source, IRAS
17534$-$3030, strongly implies that the 10-13 $\mu$m feature is due to a solid
state rather than a molecular species.


title: Beryllium abundances in metal-poor stars

abstract:
  We have determined beryllium abundances for 25 metal-poor stars based on the
high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio spectra from the VLT/UVES
database. Our results confirm that Be abundances increase with Fe, supporting
the global enrichment of Be in the Galaxy. Oxygen abundances based on [O I]
forbidden line implies a linear relation with a slope close to one for the Be
vs. O trend, which indicates that Be is probably produced in a primary process.
Some strong evidences are found for the intrinsic dispersion of Be abundances
at a given metallicity. The deviation of HD132475 and HD126681 from the general
Be vs. Fe and Be vs. O trend favours the predictions of the superbubble model,
though the possibility that such dispersion originates from the inhomogeneous
enrichment in Fe and O of the protogalactic gas cannot be excluded.


title: Light Scalars in Field Theory

abstract:
  Outline: 1. Introduction, 2. Confinement, chiral dynamics and light scalar
mesons, 3. Chiral shielding of \sigma(600), chiral constraints, \sigma(600),
f_0(980) and their mixing in \pi\pi\to\pi\pi, \pi\pi\to K\bar K, and
\phi\to\gamma\pi0\pi0, 4. The \phi meson radiative decays on light scalar
resonances. 5. Why a0(980) and f0(980) are not the K\bar K molecules. 6. Light
scalars in \gamma\gamma collisions.
  Evidence for four-quark components of light scalars is given. The priority of
Quantum Field Theory in revealing the light scalar mystery is emphasized.


title: f(R) gravity: successes and challenges

abstract:
  We review the state of the art of f(R) theories of gravity (in their various
formulations), which have been proposed as an explanation of the cosmic
acceleration alternative to dark energy. The successes of f(R) gravity are
discussed, together with the challenges imposed by minimal criteria for their
viability.


title:
Average Distance, Diameter, and Clustering in Social Networks with
  Homophily

abstract:
  I examine a random network model where nodes are categorized by type and
linking probabilities can differ across types. I show that as homophily
increases (so that the probability to link to other nodes of the same type
increases and the probability of linking to nodes of some other types
decreases) the average distance and diameter of the network are unchanged,
while the average clustering in the network increases.


title: Vortex quantum dynamics of two dimensional lattice bosons

abstract:
  In two dimensions a vortex lattice can melt by quantum fluctuations into a
non-superfluid Quantum Vortex Liquid (QVL). To determine the melting
conditions, we compute the bare vortex hopping rate by exact diagonalization of
square clusters near half filling. Mapping our effective Hamiltonian to the
Boson Coloumb Liquid simulated in Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 826 (1994), we expect a
QVL above a melting density of 0.0065 vortices per lattice site. We also
compute the Hall conductivity using adiabatic curvatures. As a function of
boson filling it reverses sign at half filling in a sharp transition
accompanied by a vanishing temperature scale. At half filling, each vortex
carries a spin half quantum number (`v-spin'), as a consequence of local non
commuting SU(2) symmetries. Implications of these results could be realized in
cold atoms, Josephson junction arrays and cuprate superconductors.


title:
Inverse proximity effect in superconductor-ferromagnet bilayer
  structures

abstract:
  Measurements of the polar Kerr effect using a zero-area-loop Sagnac
magnetometer on Pb/Ni and Al/(Co-Pd) proximity-effect bilayers show unambiguous
evidence for the "inverse proximity effect," in which the ferromagnet (F)
induces a finite magnetization in the superconducting (S) layer. To avoid
probing the magnetic effects in the ferromagnet, the superconducting layer was
prepared much thicker than the light's optical penetration depth. The sign and
size of the effect, as well as its temperature dependence agree with recent
predictions by Bergeret et al..


title:
Electronic band structures and intra-atomic interactions in layered
  quaternary oxyarsenides LaZnAsO and YZnAsO

abstract:
  First-principle FLAPW-GGA band structure calculations are employed to obtain
the structural, electronic properties and chemical bonding picture for two
related layered phases, namely, quaternary oxyarsenides LaZnAsO and YZnAsO.
These compounds are found to be direct-transition type semiconductors with the
GGA gaps of about 0.65-1.30 eV. The peculiarities of chemical bonding in these
phases are investigated and discussed in comparison with quaternary oxyarsenide
LaFeAsO - a basic phase for the newly discovered 26-52K superconductors.


title: New bijective links on planar maps via orientations

abstract:
  This article presents new bijections on planar maps. At first a bijection is
established between bipolar orientations on planar maps and specific
"transversal structures" on triangulations of the 4-gon with no separating
3-cycle, which are called irreducible triangulations. This bijection
specializes to a bijection between rooted non-separable maps and rooted
irreducible triangulations. This yields in turn a bijection between rooted
loopless maps and rooted triangulations, based on the observation that loopless
maps and triangulations are decomposed in a similar way into components that
are respectively non-separable maps and irreducible triangulations. This gives
another bijective proof (after Wormald's construction published in 1980) of the
fact that rooted loopless maps with $n$ edges are equinumerous to rooted
triangulations with $n$ inner vertices.


title:
Dissections, orientations, and trees, with applications to optimal mesh
  encoding and to random sampling

abstract:
  We present a bijection between some quadrangular dissections of an hexagon
and unrooted binary trees, with interesting consequences for enumeration, mesh
compression and graph sampling. Our bijection yields an efficient uniform
random sampler for 3-connected planar graphs, which turns out to be determinant
for the quadratic complexity of the current best known uniform random sampler
for labelled planar graphs [{\bf Fusy, Analysis of Algorithms 2005}]. It also
provides an encoding for the set $\mathcal{P}(n)$ of $n$-edge 3-connected
planar graphs that matches the entropy bound
$\frac1n\log_2|\mathcal{P}(n)|=2+o(1)$ bits per edge (bpe). This solves a
theoretical problem recently raised in mesh compression, as these graphs
abstract the combinatorial part of meshes with spherical topology. We also
achieve the {optimal parametric rate} $\frac1n\log_2|\mathcal{P}(n,i,j)|$ bpe
for graphs of $\mathcal{P}(n)$ with $i$ vertices and $j$ faces, matching in
particular the optimal rate for triangulations. Our encoding relies on a linear
time algorithm to compute an orientation associated to the minimal Schnyder
wood of a 3-connected planar map. This algorithm is of independent interest,
and it is for instance a key ingredient in a recent straight line drawing
algorithm for 3-connected planar graphs [\bf Bonichon et al., Graph Drawing
2005].


title: Where have all the bulges gone?

abstract:
  Several recent studies indicate that bulges are more complex than merely
structureless relaxed stellar systems. We study the HST images of a sample of
130 nearby early type (S0-Sab) disc galaxies and detect pure structureless
bulges with the Sersic index n > 2 for only 12% of the galaxies. Other galaxies
show varied substructure in their inner regions (inner bars, inner spiral arms,
inner rings) and sometimes contain no bulge at all. Inner substructure is more
common for these galaxies, which also display structure at larger scales.


title:
Generalized Vaidya Spacetime in Lovelock Gravity and Thermodynamics on
  Apparent Horizon

abstract:
  We present a kind of generalized Vaidya solutions in a generic Lovelock
gravity. This solution generalizes the simple case in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
reported recently by some authors. We study the thermodynamics of apparent
horizon in this generalized Vaidya spacetime. Treating those terms except for
the Einstein tensor as an effective energy-momentum tensor in the gravitational
field equations, and using the unified first law in Einstein gravity theory, we
obtain an entropy expression for the apparent horizon. We also obtain an energy
expression of this spacetime, which coincides with the generalized Misner-Sharp
energy proposed by Maeda and Nozawa in Lovelock gravity.


title: Prospects for Electroweak Measurements at the LHC

abstract:
  The prospects for electroweak measurements at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
are discussed. In addition to high-luminosity results, special emphasis is
placed on early start-up measurements with a total luminosity ranging from
10/pb to 100/pb, using the general-purpose detectors ATLAS and CMS and their
initially larger calibration and alignment uncertainties. Topics discussed here
include inclusive W and Z production, W-boson mass, Z forward-backward
asymmetry, Z-plus-jets production and di-boson production, the latter
constraining trilinear electroweak gauge couplings. (Invited talk at the 34th
ICHEP, Philadelphia, USA, July/August 2008)


title:
Local existence for the free boundary problem for the non-relativistic
  and relativistic compressible Euler equations with a vacuum boundary
  condition

abstract:
  We study the free boundary problem for the equations of compressible Euler
equations with a vacuum boundary condition. Our main goal is to recover in
Eulerian coordinates the earlier well-posedness result obtained by Lindblad
[Lindblad H., Commun. Math. Phys. 260 (2005), 319-392] for the isentropic Euler
equations and extend it to the case of full gas dynamics. For technical
simplicity we consider the case of an unbounded domain whose boundary has the
form of a graph and make short comments about the case of a bounded domain. We
prove the local-in-time existence in Sobolev spaces by the technique applied
earlier to weakly stable shock waves and characteristic discontinuities. It
contains, in particular, the reduction to a fixed domain, using the "good
unknown" of Alinhac, and a suitable Nash-Moser-type iteration scheme. A certain
modification of such an approach is caused by the fact that the symbol
associated to the free surface is not elliptic. This approach is still directly
applicable to the relativistic version of our problem in the setting of special
relativity and we briefly discuss its extension to general relativity.


title:
A bijection between noncrossing and nonnesting partitions for classical
  reflection groups

abstract:
  We present an elementary type preserving bijection between noncrossing and
nonnesting partitions for all classical reflection groups, answering a question
of Athanasiadis.


title: Electron correlation in metal clusters, quantum dots and quantum rings

abstract:
  This short review presents a few case studies of finite electron systems for
which strong correlations play a dominant role. In simple metal clusters, the
valence electrons determine stability and shape of the clusters. The ionic
skeleton of alkali metals is soft, and cluster geometries are often solely
determined by electron correlations. In quantum dots and rings, the electrons
may be confined by an external electrostatic potential, formed by a gated
heterostructure. In the low density limit, the electrons may form so-called
Wigner molecules, for which the many-body quantum spectra reveal the classical
vibration modes. High rotational states increase the tendency for the electrons
to localize. At low angular momenta, the electrons may form a quantum Hall
liquid with vortices. In this case, the vortices act as quasi-particles with
long-range effective interactions that localize in a vortex molecule, in much
analogy to the electron localization at strong rotation.


title:
Nuclear condensation and symmetry energy of dilute nuclear matter: an
  S-matrix approach

abstract:
  Based on the general analysis of the grand canonical partition function in
the S-matrix framework, the calculated results on symmetry energy, free energy
and entropy of dilute warm nuclear matter are presented. At a given temperature
and density, the symmetry energy or symmetry free energy of the clusterized
nuclear matter in the S-matrix formulation deviates, particularly at low
temperature and relatively higher density, in a subtle way, from the linear
dependence on the square of the isospin asymmetry parameter
$X=(\rho_n-\rho_p)/(\rho_n+\rho_p)$, contrary to those obtained for homogeneous
nucleonic matter. The symmetry coefficients, in the conventional definition,
can then be even negative. The symmetry entropy similarly shows a very
different behavior.


title:
Cell size distribution in a random tessellation of space governed by the
  Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami model: Grain size distribution in
  crystallization

abstract:
  The space subdivision in cells resulting from a process of random nucleation
and growth is a subject of interest in many scientific fields. In this paper,
we deduce the expected value and variance of these distributions while assuming
that the space subdivision process is in accordance with the premises of the
Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami model. We have not imposed restrictions on the
time dependency of nucleation and growth rates. We have also developed an
approximate analytical cell size probability density function. Finally, we have
applied our approach to the distributions resulting from solid phase
crystallization under isochronal heating conditions.


title:
From protein binding to pharmacokinetics: a novel approach to active
  drug absorption prediction

abstract:
  Due to inherent complexity active transport presents a landmark hurdle for
oral absorption properties prediction. We present a novel approach
carrier-mediated drug absorption parameters calculation based on entirely
different paradigm than QSPR. We capitalize on recently emerged ideas that
molecule activities against a large protein set can be used for prediction of
biological effects and performed a large scale numerical docking of drug-like
compounds to a large diversified set of proteins. As a result we identified for
the first time a protein, binding to which correlates well with the intestinal
permeability of many actively absorbed compounds. Although the protein is not a
transporter, we speculate that it has the binding site force field similar to
that of an important intestinal transporter. The observation helped us to
improve the passive absorption model by adding non-liner flux associated with
the transporting protein to obtain a quantitative model of active transport.
This study demonstrates that binding data to a sufficiently representative set
of proteins can serve as a basis for active absorption prediction for a given
compound.


title: $\chi^{(3)}$ non-Gaussian state generation for light using a trapped ion

abstract:
  According to the Gottesmann-Knill theorem the non-Gaussian states are
necessary component for a nontrivial quantum computation. We show two efficient
and deterministic methods of $\chi^{(3)}$ non-Gaussian state generation for a
cavity mode using a single trapped ion. Both require ion motional state
transfer to the cavity field. The methods are experimentally feasible. The
first is based on the well-known protocol for an ion finite motional
superposition state generation. It allows for an arbitrary good approximation
of $\chi^{(3)}$ non-Gaussian states. We give criteria based on the Wigner
function which quantify the error resulting from the approximation. The second
and novel method enables an exact non-Gaussian state generation using one laser
pulse only.


title: An Investigation on the Morphological Evolution of Bright-Rimmed Clouds

abstract:
  A new Radiative Driven Implosion (RDI) model based on Smoothed Particle
Hydrodynamics (SPH) technique is developed and applied to investigate the
morphological evolutions of molecular clouds under the effect of ionising
radiation. This model self-consistently includes the self-gravity of the cloud
in the hydrodynamical evolution, the UV radiation component in the radiation
transfer equations, the relevant heating and cooling mechanisms in the energy
evolution and a comprehensive chemical network. The simulation results reveal
that under the effect of ionising radiation, a molecular cloud may evolve
through different evolutionary sequences. Dependent on its initial
gravitational state, the evolution of a molecular cloud does not necessarily
follow a complete morphological evolution sequence from type A to B to C, as
described by previous RDI models. When confronted with observations, the
simulation results provide satisfactory physical explanations for a series of
puzzles derived from Bright-Rimmed Clouds (BRCs) observations. The consistency
of the modelling results with observations shows that the self-gravity of a
molecular cloud should not be neglected in any investigation on the dynamical
evolution of molecular clouds when they are exposed to ionising radiation.


title: Near the horizon of 5D black rings

abstract:
  For the five dimensional N=2 black rings, we study the supersymmetry
enhancement and identify the global supergroup of the near horizon geometry. We
show that the global part of the supergroup is OSp(4*|2)X U(1) which is similar
to the small black string. We show that results obtained by applying the
entropy function formalism, the c-extremization approach and the Brown-Henneaux
method to the black ring solution are in agreement with the microscopic entropy
calculation.


title: Odd- and even-order dispersion cancellation in quantum interferometry

abstract:
  We describe a novel effect involving odd-order dispersion cancellation. We
demonstrate that odd- and even-order dispersion cancellation may be obtained in
different regions of a single quantum interferogram using
frequency-anticorrelated entangled photons and a new type of quantum
interferometer. This offers new opportunities for quantum communication and
metrology in dispersive media.


title: Final state interaction effects on the eta(b) => J/psi J/psi decay

abstract:
  We study the effects of final state interactions on the eta(b) => J/psi J/psi
decay. In particular, we discuss the effects of the annihilation of eta(b) into
two charmed meson and their rescattering into J/psi J/psi. We find that the
inclusion of this contribution may enhance the short-distance branching ratio
up to about 2 orders of magnitude.


title: Screened perturbation theory at four loops

abstract:
  We study the thermodynamics of massless phi-fourth theory using screened
perturbation theory, which is a way to systematically reorganise the
perturbative series. The free energy and pressure are calculated through four
loops in a double expansion in powers of g^2 and m/T, where m is a thermal mass
of order gT. The result is truncated at order g^7. We find that the convergence
properties are significantly improved compared to the weak-coupling expansion.


title:
Outflows, Bubbles, and the Role of the Radio Jet: Direct Evidence for
  AGN Feedback at z~2

abstract:
  To accommodate the seemingly "anti-hierarchical" properties of galaxies near
the upper end of the mass function within our hierarchical paradigm, current
models of galaxy evolution postulate a phase of vigorous AGN feedback at high
redshift, which effectively terminates star formation by quenching the supply
of cold gas. Using the SINFONI IFU on the VLT, we identified kpc-sized outflows
of ionized gas in z~2-3 radio galaxies, which have the expected signatures of
being powerful AGN-driven winds with the potential of terminating star
formation in the massive host galaxies. The bipolar outflows contain up to few
x 10^10 M_sun in ionized gas with velocities near the escape velocity of a
massive galaxy. Kinetic energies are equivalent to ~0.2% of the rest mass of
the supermassive black hole. We discuss the results of this on-going study and
the global impact of the observed outflows.


title: Hierarchy of adhesion forces in patterns of photoreactive surface layers

abstract:
  Precise control of surface properties including electrical characteristics,
wettability, and friction is a prerequisite for manufacturing modern organic
electronic devices. The successful combination of bottom up approaches for
aligning and orienting the molecules and top down techniques to structure the
substrate on the nano and micrometer scale allows the cost efficient
fabrication and integration of future organic light emitting diodes and organic
thin film transistors. One possibility for the top down patterning of a surface
is to utilize different surface free energies or wetting properties of a
functional group. Here, we used friction force microscopy (FFM) to reveal
chemical patterns inscribed by a photolithographic process into a
photosensitive surface layer. FFM allowed the simultaneous visualization of at
least three different chemical surface terminations. The underlying mechanism
is related to changes in the chemical interaction between probe and film
surface.


title:
A conformally invariant generalization of string theory to
  higher-dimensional objects. Hierarchy of coupling constants

abstract:
  We suggest a conformally invariant generalization of string theory to
higher-dimensional objects. As such a model, we consider a conformally
invariant $\sigma$ model. For this theory, the Hamiltonian formalism is
constructed, and the full set of constraints is found. The equations obtained
are studied under a fixed gauge. It is shown that special cases of the model
are string theory and Einstein's theory of gravity. Cosmological application of
the suggested theory are studied. It is shown that Friedmann-like models can be
described in this framework. Our models make it possible to interpret the
Universe evolution as evolution of three-dimensional objects embedded in a
higher-dimensional flat space-time.


title: Active and Nonlinear Microrheology in Dense Colloidal Suspensions

abstract:
  We present a first-principles theory for the active nonlinear microrheology
of colloidal model systems: for constant external force on a spherical probe
particle embedded in a dense host dispersion, neglecting hydrodynamic
interactions, we derive an exact expression for the friction. Within
mode-coupling theory (MCT), we discuss the threshold external force needed to
delocalize the probe from a host glass, and its relation to strong nonlinear
velocity-force curves in a host fluid. Experimental microrheology data and
simulations, which we performed, are explained with a simplified model.


title: Measurements of CKM angle phi1 with charmless penguins at Belle

abstract:
  We present measurements of time-dependent CP violation parameters in B0 -->
K0 PI0, B0 --> Ks Pi+ Pi- and B0 --> Ks K+ K- decays. The latter two are
extracted using time-dependent Dalitz plot analyses. These results are obtained
from a large data sample that contains 657 x 10^6 BBbar pairs collected at the
Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy
e+e- collider.


title:
Coulomb repulsion and correlation strength in LaFeAsO from Density
  Functional and Dynamical Mean-Field Theories

abstract:
  LDA+DMFT (Local Density Approximation combined with Dynamical Mean-Field
Theory) computation scheme has been used to calculate spectral properties of
LaFeAsO -- the parent compound for new high-T$_c$ iron oxypnictides. Coulomb
repulsion $U$ and Hund's exchange $J$ parameters for iron 3d electrons were
calculated using \textit {first principles} constrained density functional
theory scheme in Wannier functions formalism. Resulting values strongly depend
on the number of states taken into account in calculations: when full set of
O-$2p$, As-$4p$, and Fe-3d orbitals with corresponding bands are included,
computation results in $U=3\div$4 eV and J=0.8 eV. In contrast to that when the
basis set is restricted to Fe-3d orbitals and bands only, computation gives
much smaller parameter values $F^0$=0.8 eV, $J$=0.5 eV. However, DMFT
calculations with both parameter sets and corresponding to them choice of basis
functions result in weakly correlated electronic structure that is in agreement
with experimental X-ray and photoemission spectra.


title:
Hot electron mediated desorption rates calculated from excited state
  potential energy surfaces

abstract:
  We present a model for Desorption Induce by (Multiple) Electronic Transitions
(DIET/DIMET) based on potential energy surfaces calculated with the Delta
Self-Consistent Field extension of Density Functional Theory. We calculate
potential energy surfaces of CO and NO molecules adsorbed on various transition
metal surfaces, and show that classical nuclear dynamics does not suffice for
propagation in the excited state. We present a simple Hamiltonian describing
the system, with parameters obtained from the excited state potential energy
surface, and show that this model can describe desorption dynamics in both the
DIET and DIMET regime, and reproduce the power law behavior observed
experimentally. We observe that the internal stretch degree of freedom in the
molecules is crucial for the energy transfer between the hot electrons and the
molecule when the coupling to the surface is strong.


title:
The fluid/gravity correspondence: Lectures notes from the 2008 Summer
  School on Particles, Fields, and Strings

abstract:
  This is a paper compiled by students of the 2008 Summer School on Particles,
Fields, and Strings held at the University of British Columbia on lectures
given by Veronika Hubeny as understood and interpreted by the authors. We start
with an introduction to the AdS/CFT duality. More specifically, we discuss the
correspondence between relativistic, conformal hydrodynamics and Einstein's
theory of gravity. Within our framework the Einstein equations are an effective
description for the string theory in the bulk of AdS_5 spacetime and the
hydrodynamic fluid equations represent the conformal field theory near thermal
equilibrium on the boundary. In particular we present a new technique for
calculating properties in fluid dynamics using the stress-energy tensor induced
on the boundary, by the gravitational field in the bulk, and comparing it with
the form of the stress-energy tensor from hydrodynamics. A detailed treatment
can be found in [JHEP 02 (2008) 045] and [arXiv:0803.2526].