The neonate's father was 33 years old at the time of the boy's birth and in good health, and the boy's mother was 35 years old. There was a history of pregnancy, with the mother having undergone IVF-ET procedures and producing twins, and with premature rupture of membranes at 20 weeks of gestation. During the current pregnancy, the mother suffered from connective tissue disease and underwent premature rupture of membranes more than 6 days before delivery; and the child was born with clear amniotic fluid of approximately 30 ml. There had been numerous cases of M. tuberculosis infection in the families of both parents, the mother had been infertile for many years; both of her pregnancies were via IVF/ET, each resulting in preterm births. The mother complained that although other infectious diseases were investigated during her IVF treatment, tuberculosis was not evaluated; and there was a history of persistent cough 1 month before delivery. We therefore recommend that a mother suspected of having tuberculosis be sent to a higher specialized hospital as soon as possible to complete the relevant examinations. The mother was ultimately diagnosed with pelvic tuberculosis at the Guangzhou Chest Hospital (a superior hospital) and required conventional treatment.