The patient was a 63-year-old male with obesity, cold symptoms, and loss of taste and smell senses, which had started five days before the visit. He was admitted to the ED, and his vital signs were: T = 39.5 C, BP = 105/70 mmHg, PR = 104/min, RR = 24/min, SPO2 = 90% in room air, and BS = 122 mg/dL. He also had heroin addiction. He was diagnosed with COVID-19 infection based on PCR results. He had withdrawal signs and respiratory distress due to infection in the lower respiratory tract.
 Legal considerations: 
The patient had been a heroin addict for about 15 years. He had a high school diploma and was not willing to stay in hospital due to addiction; but his discharge could be a hazard to society, due to infection with COVID-19. Therefore, due to his unstable conditions and in order to prevent worsening of the COVID-19 outbreak, his admission to intensive care unit (ICU) was recommended. He received IV medications for addiction withdrawal in addition to routine COVID-19 treatments. His discharge was prohibited, and since he could not make his own medical decisions, the healthcare system informed the hospital authorities.
 Case3: