Hillary Clinton Tax and Economic Plan – Part 1

Like I promised in the Donald Trump presidency breakdown (part 1 and part 2), I said I would keep it fair and look at Hillary Clinton’s platform as well. I put it off a few days knowing that, unlike Trump’s piecemeal platform, she would have a fully-rounded and comprehensive plan. And boy was I right – too right. She has a stance and idea for every issue that you ever discussed in passing at the pub with your friends, or over the water cooler at work, or in the privacy of your own home. Even things you didn’t know were issues for the Presidency, like Alzheimer’s Disease and Autism (not to dismiss these, but I always thought they were the job for research and medicine, not political footballing). In total, she has 37 different issues she has pinpointed and each has a short 300 to 500-word narrative.

The Clinton breakdown will follow the same pace as Trump’s. First I will discuss the tax ideas of Clinton; then, in the next article, I will discuss her over-arching economic plan. One thing I have to applaud both candidates for is their use of the website. Clinton has a very streamlined page, following the format of many social media sites – a useful link-filled and permanent header, a muted video about Trump and then a collection of related articles and media just under. Each one of her landing pages has her text and then a few trackbacks, related articles, and then social sharing buttons. It truly markets to the people that are likely to frequent her page – young Millennials.

For Trump, his site is blockier. Everything has a place. His landing pages are text-heavy, but still use easily read bullet points. The right side of his pages has a toolbar for quickly sorting through links. I will say, I did get lost trying to find one of his press releases because they weren’t labeled incredibly well. I ended up giving up and just using my internet history to find the page I was looking for. Overall though, his site is very easily navigable and relatable to the type of voters likely to frequent his page – older, traditionalist Republicans.

Well, without further hesitation, let’s get into the Clinton tax plan!

Clinton Tax Plan

Over the next 10 years, Clinton plans to raise government revenues by $1.1Trillion. Her goal is to do this by only increasing the taxes on those making more than $300,000 a year. Specifically, she wants add a 4% surcharge on any income over $5Million as well as raise the Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) to a 30% effective rate on anybody who makes over $1Million a year.

Her plan also seeks to shake up the capital gains (much to my chagrin), business taxes, and estate taxes. For income taxes, she seeks to increase the brackets and the marginal rates for top-earners. The types of proposals and reforms she’s advocating for are far larger than Trump’s proposals. I only mention that because Trump is “advocating for the largest tax reform since Reagan”.

Clinton Tax Plan for Individuals

On top of the 4% surcharge for those making more than $5Million yearly, and the 30% AMT, Clinton’s major change comes on investment income. To wit, she wishes to change the entire game. Currently, we differentiate short versus long-term gains by saying any capital asset held for a year or longer is a long term gain and will be taxed at 23% (plus a 3.8% investment surtax if applicable under the Affordable Care Act). Anything held for less than a year is a short term gain and taxed as regular income. Clinton wishes to increase length of the short term window from one to two years, and then tier the rates. The rates would decrease by 4% for six years until finally capping at the current 23%. Thus the new true long term capital gain would be for any asset held longer than six years. For someone like me, who is financially savvy and manages their own portfolio, this has serious ramifications because six years is an incredibly long time to hold any particular stock – whether you’re a dividend or value investor.

Like Trump, Clinton wishes to treat carried interest as ordinary income. The difference is that under Trump it would likely be taxed at 15%. Under Clinton, using just the statistics of people who tend to get the carried interest, it would be taxed at the 43.4% (the top 39.6% plus the 3.8% surcharge) income bracket.

The final major reform for income taxes is the use of tax deferred retirement accounts. These are your personal and work IRA’s. Clinton is seeking to disallow any contributions tax favored accounts once the sum of all accounts reaches the maximum annuity for defined benefit plans. That’s a bunch of special language to say that once the sum of all retirement accounts hit about $3.4Million, you can no longer use the tax advantages. You can still save money; it just will be after tax money placed into accounts whose returns will also be taxed. My guess is that she’s trying to spur consumption by reducing the incentive to save for the top 5% in the nation, as well as create one more avenue to make the “rich pay their fair share.” I also reckon this would be highly contested and, if passed, have some serious unintended consequences.

Clinton Tax Plan for your Estate

Clinton just wants our current estate tax laws to go back to 2009. She would reduce the estate allowance back down to $3.5Million ($7Million for a couple), and increase the rate back to 45%.

She also wishes to reduce the lifetime gift tax allowance from $5.34Million down to $1Million. The yearly one has no mention and, presumably, would stay at $14,000 a year.

Clinton Tax Plan on Business

A key point for the Clinton tax plan is the methodology for dealing with corporate tax inversions. A tax inversion is where Company A (a US Company) buys shares to merge with Company B (let’s say they’re an Irish company), and thus become one. The U.S. company would then move their headquarters from Anywhere, USA to Anywhere, Ireland and thus be subject to Ireland’s much lower corporate tax rate. Clinton seeks to lower the standard for what it takes to be an inversion attempt. Right now, a U.S. company has to be 80% of the foreign shares; Clinton would reduce that to 50%. Sounds kinda wonky on its face, right? Well, Clinton also wants to institute some serious tax penalties for doing this. An exit tax is the largest penalty they would face. Details haven’t been supplied, but I would venture to guess that it would be some percent of average gross revenues over the last few years.

Finally, she wants to mitigate earnings stripping. This is rather complex topic, so I won’t go too far into the weeds. However, it’s basically just a play on how we account for earnings. Firm A, is in some tax haven and they start a U.S. affiliate company. Generally, you would think the U.S. affiliate would take their after tax profits and ship some to the parent company. That would be a dividend payment. However, rather than make a dividend payment, the U.S. affiliate makes an interest payment by structuring it differently. Because it’s now a cost to do business, it becomes a tax deduction and lowers the U.S. affiliates taxable income. That “difference” becomes taxable income for the parent company at the tax haven levels and thus, the parent company retains more of their earnings. Clinton seeks to reduce those deductions. By doing these three things – reduce the deductions for earning stripping, lowering the inversion test, and implementing an exit tax – Clinton is seeking to reduce the incentives to offshore a business for purely tax based purposes. It is worth noting that Obama has tried to mitigate earnings stripping twice, and both times it was rejected in Congress.

Another interesting tax Clinton has come up with, and one you don’t hear much about, is a tax on high frequency (usually algorithm based) traders. This isn’t so much a revenue tax as it is a ‘let’s tax bad behavior’ type of tax. This would tax investment funds that use, primarily, high frequency trading. This type of trading places many, many trades with most never being filled. It bogs down the system, it plays the odds in a way that you and I can’t play, and it increases the implicit advantage of Wall Street over Main Street. It can also cause some unnecessary market drops. Just google “flash crash” to get a feel for what I’m talking about. No details have been released on what the tax would be.

To stay in the topic of finance though, she wants to impose a “risk fee” on the financial sector. Again, likely trying to curb bad behavior. She also wants to curb performance based compensation for top corporate executives. Details on both are currently still in the pipeline and not available.

From there, Clinton seeks to reduce tax breaks for fossil fuels and increase tax breaks for companies who hire apprentices (this goes with her manufacturing ideas), do profit share with all employees and not just executives, as well as give breaks to companies who invest in distressed communities or infrastructure. The details of any of these are all still in the idea stage.

Conclusion

I don’t agree with all facets of the Clinton tax plan, and I even stand to lose money from certain portions of it. However, I believe she seems to have a far better idea of what the role of government is over Trump. Taxes are simply behavior modifiers. The other benefit to Clinton’s tax plan over Trump is that she has a quantifiable way to pay for the improvements she wants done as president. Trump’s plan has major tax cuts, which is fine for what he wants to do for business. But socially, he has many plans that will cost money, yet he has vouched to not do deficit spending. Clinton has many goals she wants attained but, with a potential bump of over $1Trillion over 10 years, actually have a chance of being financed internally. She does have a few holes in her plan though with key parts not having been fleshed out yet.

Readers, how do you feel about the Clinton tax plan? Do you think it is better or worse than Trump’s? Discuss in the comments below. Be sure to like Cash Flow Celt on Facebook, and, if you think this is a great review, don’t be afraid to share it with your friends as well!

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Two questions: First, what is the likelihood that either candidate will actually be able to get any of these tax proposals into IRS code? Second, since the majority of taxes you discuss relate to corporations, stock traders and the extremely wealthy, what role do you think “tax plans” have in getting a candidates elected (in other words, does the average voter care about this?)? Thanks.

Excellent question, and an astute observation on the promulgating process.

For Clinton, I find it highly unlikely. I discuss it in Part 2 a little bit. For starters, the Wall Street taxes are taxes on use basically – it’s simply a revenue generator and Republicans tend to have issues with those types of taxes.

I think her 4% surcharge might be manageable, because it’s such a small percentage of the population it would affect – and it’s a rather disliked population at that. However, the increased AMT, I see getting struck down without discussion. It’s DOA.

For Trump, I think he stands a FAR better chance to get his approved. It’s basically a tax break for everyone, everywhere. Those are politically friendly. Will they be better the country? I don’t think so, but I think he could get them passed.

To the second portion, about voters. It relates to both candidates, albeit differently. Trump is purely from a financial perspective. People will see it and say, “Wait, I’ll pay markedly less under Trump? WIN!”. Under Clinton, she has many punitive taxes — the risk fee, the algorithm trader fee, the rich surcharge, the increased AMT. Punitive taxes are, historically, one of the most disliked types of taxes because they don’t modify behavior and therefore are seen as government punishment and an unfair business practice. Admittedly, I do think she crosses into a few grey areas when it comes to the role of the government.

One thing that everyone needs to consider with Hillary though is her new capital gains brackets. A lot of people will be affected by it. I might even say anyone with an IRA. Under the new brackets, I wouldn’t be surprised to see managing companies increase their fees which affects everyone’s bottom line.


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Topic: Just tested + (Read 7477 times)

Just popped on the ELISA 11'th and got a weakly positive WB test on the 14'th. I was neg on a July test. Turns out I lucked out in my normal doc, he's been treating HIV/AIDS since the early 80's. Put me on Atripla on the 14'th right after getting a huge amount of blood drawn for baselines. My bf since sep is convinced its him that infected me and he gets his results in a couple days. He also was neg in Sep. I'm still hoping for him to be neg so it looks to be a suspenseful week getting my first complete blood workup when we go in to get our results. After reading this board I'm wondering if I started on the meds too soon. The long shot gambler in me is still thinking it was only one blood sample for the initial diagnosis and confirmation, hoping for a contaminated sample; but I've pretty much given up on that.

Seems like everyone is avoiding the meds as long as possible. What am I missing? Only side effect so far was a wacky hallucination the first morning when I had two boyfriends. Took me a bit to figure out who was real, and the unreal one gave me a very nasty look before vanishing.

I'm sorry to hear about your positive test. When to start treatment is a huge decision. Some docs say hit hard and early. Others say to wait until CD4 is consistantly declining and around CD4 500. CD4 and viral load can look very scary right after infection. Our bodies usually get control of the virus and many don't need meds for years--some as long as 20 years.

Personally, I think your doctor should have waited to see what you trend is--whether you are going to be a fast progressor. You need time to come to terms with this and having to be on meds probably the rest of your life unless a cure is found. With HIV meds, you have to take them everyday and on time. You can't decide you don't feel good and don't want to take them. Or, you feel great and don't think you need them. This is how people become resistant to the meds.

I have been positive since 2001 and not on meds yet. My CD4 over the last year has been around 800 and viral load never over 27,000. I can't decide whether to start meds yet. I'm not convinced I can be totally adherent and take the meds every day. Atripla is so easy to get resistant to. If you fail to take it, you will more than likely become resistant to it. It is more forgiving if you are off by a few hours taking it; however, if it gets totally out of your blood stream, you will get resistant.

I'm putting a link to study that just came out about starting meds early after infection and it causing higher rates of resistance. I wish ya the best and the best for your boyfriend.

Here is a link about CD4%. A healthy immune system would have % of 30-50. CD4% in the 20's is still considered okay. When you get below 20%, they start to worry. I believe a CD4% of 14 is considered an AIDS diagnosis regardless of whether your CD4 is at the 200 mark--which is considered AIDS. Most docs say the CD4% is a more stable indicator of how your immune system is doing. Your CD4 can change due to a cold, flu, or other infection. It also changes from morning to night. This is why we are told we should do our bloodwork at around the same time of day and at the same lab each time.

Your cd4s are good, vl-- a little high, cd4% -not too bad for someone who is poz. Toss-up as to starting meds. You could have waited a little while longer, but as stated in tednlou2 link, it depends on your doc and wheather to hit it early and hard or wait. Don't worry about resistance as long as you take your meds as directed ---- You'll be fine.

Welcome to the forum Loki, I myself am waiting on CD4 and VL numbers but you got some good numbers. There is conflicting information on when to start meds based on cd4/vl numbers and cd4 % I guess the best thing is to read diff sources, talk to your doctor and listen, if he put you on meds he saw that as being the best way to get you unto the healthy path. Im sure your numbers will get better with your medication therapy!! Continue to keep us posted!

I just wanted to clarify something-- If you feel the decision to start meds was right for you and that you can be adherent, then I wouldn't look back now and regret it. For all we know, those of us waiting years to start could be doing more damage to our bodies than our "good" numbers are telling. You will probably read about inflammation that HIV causes when it is left untreated for years. And, I worry so much bout getting sick with the flu or even a simple cold not on meds.

As you can tell, the meds question is a big one. All the different info leaves many of us not knowing what to do. Maybe it is better you're doc put you on meds now. Getting control of the virus right away may give you a much better life-span..which they keep telling us is an almost normal one. And, once you get an undetectable viral load, you will be much, much less likely to pass the virus on to someone else. Experts still say to practice safe sex as it is still possible.

The more I look around the more I agree with the hit it hard early approach. Just makes my skin crawl a bit to know there is a bug in me waging full scale war and I'm not helping it out as much as I can.

So far the side effects seem pretty mild, the hallucinations the first day didn't repeat . That was freaky but fun. Although I just had an allergic skin rash break out. Doc says that can last up to a week. Looking a bit like a plucked chicken under the clothes. And the crazy thing itches. Keeping my fingers crossed that it clears up asap.

I started on Atripla a week before Thanksgiving and one week later to the day I got the rash. I itched so bad I thought I would go crazy that first day. And of course my doctor's office was closed. Thanks to the many posts on here about the rashes I realized I could take benadryl. So after a 5am trip to WalMart for benadryl I got much needed relief and the rash went away in less than a week.

The best advice I can give you is to take it one day at a time and realize that you didn't do anything wrong, you aren't a bad person, you will most likely die of old age, and that it's not any different from any other disease like Diabetes for example. You take medicine, you educate yourself, you see your doctor, and the most important thing...you live your life and enjoy it! It's a blessing or a curse depending on how you look at it and I've chosen to look at it as a blessing.

Just curious. If you were HIV- in July, and now HIV+. It is a very recent infection. Your doctor explained NOTHING about the rational for starting HAART immediately on diagnosis? Well, if he didn't you should ask him. Then you can compare your experience to others here with some knowledge of the rationale.

What country are you in?

Seems like you have been treated in primary infection so you deserve an explanation as to why!

Logged

“From each, according to his ability; to each, according to his need” 1875 K Marx

Just curious. If you were HIV- in July, and now HIV+. It is a very recent infection. Your doctor explained NOTHING about the rational for starting HAART immediately on diagnosis? Well, if he didn't you should ask him. Then you can compare your experience to others here with some knowledge of the rationale.

What country are you in?

Seems like you have been treated in primary infection so you deserve an explanation as to why!

I am wondering the same, never the less though what is done is done. Loki, during primary infection it is absolutely normal for you to have a high viral load and coicedentally your Cd4's to take a dip. While it does seem your doc jumped the gun here a bit, I am sure he was airing on the side of caution. This is understandable, but an ID doc more than likely would have taken a different approach. I know you probably have a very comfortable relationship with him, but it is important to have a doctor who specializes in these matters. Just a suggestion.

Sorry to hear of your recent infection BTW, and welcome to the forums.

Brian: The rash was a shock. Appeared early in the morning at work and spread like crazy. Fortunately it was a workday and my doctor told me about the anti-histimines. Given that it itched like crazy I'm very glad it only lasted about 30 hours. It wasn't the itchiness that bothered me so much was I was just getting past all the psychological stuff thinking I can handle this and it knocked that house of cards down before the glue set. So a few bad days there.

mecch, skeeboi1969: In retrospect I agree with the docs decision. Got too much of that pill popping culture instilled in me I guess. I really, really wanted to do something, living a healthy lifestyle just wasn't enough. Looking at all the studies on chronically untreated infections I know I couldn't handle that. Even now I'm obsessing what the blood counts are, knowing that there was nothing helping to keep it in check would drive me nuts.

The doc seems on the up and up. He's very knowledgeable on the disease and after some checking is probably the best non-academic in the state on the topic. Guess I lucked out there.

What was your doctor's explanation for treating at diagnosis? I wish I had been treated in seroconversion. The doctor waited a few months and turns out I can't manage without HAART so I took it. But maybe a few more Tcells might have been spared! Are you in seroconversion, or a few months positive already? Do you know?

Logged

“From each, according to his ability; to each, according to his need” 1875 K Marx

He's one of the proponents for treating ASAP. Plus I really wanted to do something right away. Just standing by while doing nothing really didn't sit right in my head. I'm pretty much positive, no pun intended, that the seroconversion happened the first week of December. A lot of the seroconversion medical symptoms and a sexual encounter right before line right up. So it looks like I started Atripla 6 weeks after infection. I did get a round of anti-biotics during seroconversion since the doc thought I had a throat infection with the fever and other stuff.

That said the side effects are essentially non-existent after the first week. And those were fun if anything, worst one was waking up and having my boyfriend in two different places at the same time. Other than that feeling a bit drunk and some vivid dreams but all that's faded away.

Loki, I'm glad to see that you are doing so well. Like you, I started treatment while undergoing the acute infection --and so far things are going quite well. My ID doc is very good (she comes from the school of Fischl); we work together on all decisions and maintain an excellent relation. I don't regret for a minute the fact that I did not wait.

Look forward to hearing more from your experience.

Best of luck,

Da Moon

Logged

"I have tried hard--but life is difficult, and I am a very useless person. I can hardly be said to have an independent existence. I was just a screw or a cog in the great machine I called life, and when I dropped out of it I found I was of no use anywhere else."

He's one of the proponents for treating ASAP. Plus I really wanted to do something right away. Just standing by while doing nothing really didn't sit right in my head. I'm pretty much positive, no pun intended, that the seroconversion happened the first week of December. A lot of the seroconversion medical symptoms and a sexual encounter right before line right up. So it looks like I started Atripla 6 weeks after infection. I did get a round of anti-biotics during seroconversion since the doc thought I had a throat infection with the fever and other stuff.

Loki, you went through basically the same as I did. I chose to go on Atripla as soon as I could and I wish I could have started taking it sooner. My first pill was taken about 3 weeks after exposure, after getting a 7mil+ VL test. I understand totally this was because I was in seroconversion. My choice wasn't because of my doc. He told me it was totally up to me when to start meds, giving me the pros and cons of each. I decided because I knew I could keep up with the pills and wanted to rid the virus out of my body ASAP before it could do anymore harm or get anymore entrenched in my body.

Honestly, not treating it didn't even cross my mind as a possibility. Frankly I was a little annoyed the doc insisted on waiting until the western blot came back to confirm it. I think the only reason I let it pass was it fed my denial state. I kept thinking it was just a false positive. Finally talked to the guy that I got it from and he's refusing to see a doc which I find inconceivable.

Another interesting thing that happened is I appear to have lost my Hep A/B immunity. I was vaccinated against them and it was tested with a very strong response 9 years ago but my current blood tests show no immune reaction. Going to get revaccinated now.

I was wondering wouldn't the proper way to proceed be to do a drug resistance test when viral load is over a 1000 and make drug choices based on the outcome.I was infected with drug resistent HIV and have had problems Also ID dr did a ccr5 test and couldnt take those meds.

The drug resistance test came back with the strain having virtually no resistance to anything. . The doc made sure we had the blood drawn for that before starting Atripla. Hopefully I never need to have it done again . After the results came in we just stayed with the Atripla.

I don't like talking about the bf's medical history so much since that's his business. And he's not that much into sharing medical info. But he's on the same regime with the same doc, we're always double checking the other has taken their daily 'vitamin'. It's been a rocky three months but if anything I think its drawn us together more than anything else. We're still hopelessly in love with one another. We know where it came from and we got it virtually at the same time. If one of us had it first I doubt anyone could ever tell.

On top of the Hep A/B loss I've also lost all indications I had cold sores as a kid. So it definitely looks like there was a loss of immunilogical history.

I can't complain where I'm at now givin the conditions. I'm just old enough to have experienced the funeral after funeral of those before treatments really worked. The bf is a bit younger and one of the biggest sources of conflict has been how dismissive he's been of infection. Makes me feel a bit old, lol. But we are surviving.


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package net.sourceforge.stripes.tag;

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import net.sourceforge.stripes.controller.StripesConstants;
import net.sourceforge.stripes.controller.StripesFilter;
import net.sourceforge.stripes.controller.ActionResolver;
import net.sourceforge.stripes.exception.StripesJspException;
import net.sourceforge.stripes.util.CryptoUtil;
import net.sourceforge.stripes.util.HtmlUtil;
import net.sourceforge.stripes.util.Log;
import net.sourceforge.stripes.util.StringUtil;
import net.sourceforge.stripes.util.UrlBuilder;
import net.sourceforge.stripes.validation.ValidationErrors;
import net.sourceforge.stripes.validation.ValidationError;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
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import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.TryCatchFinally;
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/**
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    private Object beanclass;

    /**
     * The {@link ActionBean} class to which the form will submit, as determined
     * by the {@link ActionResolver}. This may be null if the action attribute
     * is set but its value does not resolve to an {@link ActionBean}.
     */
    private Class<? extends ActionBean> actionBeanClass;

    /**
     * Builds the action attribute with parameters
     */
    private UrlBuilder urlBuilder;

    /**
     * A map of field name to field type for all fields registered with the
     * form.
     */
    private Map<String, Class<?>> fieldsPresent = new HashMap<String, Class<?>>();

    /**
     * Sets the action for the form. If the form action begins with a slash, and
     * does not already contain the context path, then the context path of the
     * web application will get prepended to the action before it is set. In
     * general actions should be specified as "absolute" paths within
     * the web application, therefore allowing them to function correctly
     * regardless of the address currently shown in the browser address bar.
     *
     * @param action the action path, relative to the root of the web
     * application
     */
    public void setAction(String action) {
        this.actionWithoutContext = action;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @return
     */
    public String getAction() {
        return this.actionWithoutContext;
    }

    /**
     * Get the URL binding for the form's {@link ActionBean} from the
     * {@link ActionResolver}.
     * @return
     */
    protected String getActionBeanUrlBinding() {
        ActionResolver resolver = StripesFilter.getConfiguration().getActionResolver();
        if (actionBeanClass == null) {
            String path = StringUtil.trimFragment(this.actionWithoutContext);
            String binding = resolver.getUrlBindingFromPath(path);
            if (binding == null) {
                binding = path;
            }
            return binding;
        } else {
            return resolver.getUrlBinding(actionBeanClass);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Lazily looks up and returns the type of action bean the form will submit
     * to.
     * @return
     */
    protected Class<? extends ActionBean> getActionBeanClass() {
        if (this.actionBeanClass == null) {
            ActionResolver resolver = StripesFilter.getConfiguration().getActionResolver();
            this.actionBeanClass = resolver.getActionBeanType(getActionBeanUrlBinding());
        }

        return this.actionBeanClass;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the 'action' attribute by inspecting the bean class provided and
     * asking the current ActionResolver what the appropriate URL is.
     *
     * @param beanclass the String FQN of the class, or a Class representing the
     * class
     * @throws StripesJspException if the URL cannot be determined for any
     * reason, most likely because of a mis-spelled class name, or a class
     * that's not an ActionBean
     */
    public void setBeanclass(Object beanclass) throws StripesJspException {
        this.beanclass = beanclass;

        String url = getActionBeanUrl(beanclass);
        if (url == null) {
            throw new StripesJspException("Could not determine action from 'beanclass' supplied. "
                    + "The value supplied was '" + beanclass + "'. Please ensure that this bean type "
                    + "exists and is in the classpath. If you are developing a page and the ActionBean "
                    + "does not yet exist, consider using the 'action' attribute instead for now.");
        } else {
            setAction(url);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Corresponding getter for 'beanclass', will always return null.
     * @return
     */
    public Object getBeanclass() {
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the name of the field that should receive focus when the form is
     * rendered.
     * @param focus
     */
    public void setFocus(String focus) {
        this.focus = focus;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the name of the field that should receive focus when the form is
     * rendered.
     * @return
     */
    public String getFocus() {
        return focus;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the flag that indicates if this is a partial form.
     * @return
     */
    public boolean isPartial() {
        return partial;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the flag that indicates if this is a partial form.
     * @param partial
     */
    public void setPartial(boolean partial) {
        this.partial = partial;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the form encoding.
     * @param enctype
     */
    public void setEnctype(String enctype) {
        this.enctype = enctype;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the form encoding.
     * @return
     */
    public String getEnctype() {
        return enctype;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the HTTP method to use when the form is submitted.
     * @param method
     */
    public void setMethod(String method) {
        this.method = method;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the HTTP method to use when the form is submitted.
     * @return
     */
    public String getMethod() {
        return method;
    }

    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Additional attributes specific to the form tag
    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    /**
     *
     * @param accept
     */
    public void setAccept(String accept) {
        set("accept", accept);
    }

    /**
     *
     * @return
     */
    public String getAccept() {
        return get("accept");
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param acceptCharset
     */
    public void setAcceptcharset(String acceptCharset) {
        set("accept-charset", acceptCharset);
    }

    /**
     *
     * @return
     */
    public String getAcceptcharset() {
        return get("accept-charset");
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param name
     */
    public void setName(String name) {
        set("name", name);
    }

    /**
     *
     * @return
     */
    public String getName() {
        return get("name");
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param target
     */
    public void setTarget(String target) {
        set("target", target);
    }

    /**
     *
     * @return
     */
    public String getTarget() {
        return get("target");
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param onreset
     */
    public void setOnreset(String onreset) {
        set("onreset", onreset);
    }

    /**
     *
     * @return
     */
    public String getOnreset() {
        return get("onreset");
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param onsubmit
     */
    public void setOnsubmit(String onsubmit) {
        set("onsubmit", onsubmit);
    }

    /**
     *
     * @return
     */
    public String getOnsubmit() {
        return get("onsubmit");
    }

    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // TAG methods
    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /**
     * Does sanity checks and returns EVAL_BODY_BUFFERED. Everything else of
     * interest happens in doEndTag.
     * @return
     * @throws javax.servlet.jsp.JspException
     */
    @Override
    public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
        if (this.actionWithoutContext == null) {
            throw new StripesJspException("The form tag attributes 'beanClass' and 'action' "
                    + "are both null. One of the two must be supplied to determine which "
                    + "action bean should handle the form submission.");
        }
        getTagStack().push(this);
        urlBuilder = new UrlBuilder(pageContext.getRequest().getLocale(), getAction(), false)
                .setEvent(null);
        return EVAL_BODY_BUFFERED;
    }

    /**
     * No-op method.
     * @throws javax.servlet.jsp.JspException
     */
    public void doInitBody() throws JspException {
    }

    /**
     * Just returns SKIP_BODY so that the body is included only once.
     * @return
     * @throws javax.servlet.jsp.JspException
     */
    public int doAfterBody() throws JspException {
        return SKIP_BODY;
    }

    /**
     * Writes things out in the following order:
     *

     *
The form open tag

     *
Hidden fields for the form name and source page

     *
The buffered body content

     *
The form close tag

     *

     *
     *

     * All of this is done in doEndTag to allow form elements to modify the form
     * tag itself if necessary. A prime example of this is the InputFileTag,
     * which needs to ensure that the form method is POST and the enctype is
     * correct.

     * @return
     * @throws javax.servlet.jsp.JspException
     */
    @Override
    public int doEndTag() throws JspException {
        try {
            // Default the method to post
            if (getMethod() == null) {
                setMethod("post");
            }

            set("method", getMethod());
            set("enctype", getEnctype());
            set("action", buildAction());

            JspWriter out = getPageContext().getOut();
            if (!isPartial()) {
                writeOpenTag(out, "form");
            }
            if (getBodyContent() != null) {
                getBodyContent().writeOut(getPageContext().getOut());
            }

            if (!isPartial()) {
                writeHiddenTags(out);
                writeCloseTag(getPageContext().getOut(), "form");
            }

            // Write out a warning if focus didn't find a field
            if (this.focus != null && !this.focusSet) {
                log.error("Form with action [", getAction(), "] has 'focus' set to '", this.focus,
                        "', but did not find a field with matching name to set focus on.");
            }

            // Clean up any state that we've modified during tag processing, so that the container
            // can use tag pooling
            this.actionBeanClass = null;
            this.fieldsPresent.clear();
            this.focusSet = false;
            this.urlBuilder = null;
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            throw new StripesJspException("IOException in FormTag.doEndTag().", ioe);
        }

        return EVAL_PAGE;
    }

    /**
     * Rethrows the passed in throwable in all cases.
     * @param throwable
     * @throws java.lang.Throwable
     */
    public void doCatch(Throwable throwable) throws Throwable {
        throw throwable;
    }

    /**
     * Used to ensure that the form is always removed from the tag stack so that
     * there is never any confusion about tag-parent hierarchies.
     */
    public void doFinally() {
        try {
            getTagStack().pop();
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            /* Suppress anything, because otherwise this might mask any causal exception. */
        }
    }

    /**
     * Write out hidden tags that are internally required by Stripes to process
     * request.
     * @param out
     * @throws java.io.IOException
     * @throws javax.servlet.jsp.JspException
     */
    protected void writeHiddenTags(JspWriter out) throws IOException, JspException {
        /*
         * The div is necessary in order to be XHTML compliant, where a form can contain only block
         * level elements (which seems stupid, but whatever).
         */
        out.write("
");
        writeSourcePageHiddenField(out);
        if (isWizard()) {
            writeWizardFields();
        }
        writeFieldsPresentHiddenField(out);
        out.write("
");
    }

    /**
     * Write out a hidden field with the name of the page in it.
     * @param out
     * @throws java.io.IOException
     */
    protected void writeSourcePageHiddenField(JspWriter out) throws IOException {
        out.write("<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"");
        out.write(StripesConstants.URL_KEY_SOURCE_PAGE);
        out.write("\" value=\"");
        out.write(getSourcePageValue());
        out.write(isXmlTags() ? "\" />" : "\">");
    }

    /**
     * Get the encrypted value for the hidden _sourcePage field.
     * @return
     */
    protected String getSourcePageValue() {
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) getPageContext().getRequest();
        return CryptoUtil.encrypt(request.getServletPath());
    }

    /**
     *

     * In general writes out a hidden field notifying the server exactly what
     * fields were present on the page. Exact behaviour depends upon whether or
     * not the current form is a wizard or not. When the current form is
     * not a wizard this method examines the form tag to determine what
     * fields present in the form might not get submitted to the server (e.g.
     * checkboxes, selects), writes out a hidden field that contains the names
     * of all those fields so that we can detect non-submission when the request
     * comes back.

     *
     *

     * In the case of a wizard form the value output is the full list of all
     * fields that were present on the page. This is done because the list is
     * used to drive required field validation knowing that in a wizard required
     * fields may be spread across several pages.

     *
     *

     * In both cases the value is encrypted to stop the user maliciously
     * spoofing the value.

     *
     * @param out the output writer into which the hidden tag should be written
     * @throws IOException if the writer throws one
     */
    protected void writeFieldsPresentHiddenField(JspWriter out) throws IOException {
        out.write("<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"");
        out.write(StripesConstants.URL_KEY_FIELDS_PRESENT);
        out.write("\" value=\"");
        out.write(getFieldsPresentValue());
        out.write(isXmlTags() ? "\" />" : "\">");
    }

    /**
     * Get the encrypted value of the __fp hidden field.
     * @return
     */
    protected String getFieldsPresentValue() {
        // Figure out what set of names to include
        Set<String> namesToInclude = new HashSet<String>();

        if (isWizard()) {
            namesToInclude.addAll(this.fieldsPresent.keySet());
        } else {
            for (Map.Entry<String, Class<?>> entry : this.fieldsPresent.entrySet()) {
                Class<?> fieldClass = entry.getValue();
                if (InputSelectTag.class.isAssignableFrom(fieldClass)
                        || InputCheckBoxTag.class.isAssignableFrom(fieldClass)) {
                    namesToInclude.add(entry.getKey());
                }
            }
        }

        // Combine the names into a delimited String and encrypt it
        String hiddenFieldValue = HtmlUtil.combineValues(namesToInclude);
        return CryptoUtil.encrypt(hiddenFieldValue);
    }

    /**
     * Fetches the ActionBean associated with the form if one is present. An
     * ActionBean will not be created (and hence not present) by default. An
     * ActionBean will only be present if the current request got bound to the
     * same ActionBean as the current form uses. E.g. if we are re-showing the
     * page as the result of an error, or the same ActionBean is used for a
     * "pre-Action" and the "post-action".
     *
     * @return ActionBean the ActionBean bound to the form if there is one
     */
    protected ActionBean getActionBean() {
        String binding = getActionBeanUrlBinding();
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) getPageContext().getRequest();
        ActionBean bean = (ActionBean) request.getAttribute(binding);
        if (bean == null) {
            HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);
            if (session != null) {
                bean = (ActionBean) session.getAttribute(binding);
            }
        }
        return bean;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the ActionBean this form posts to represents a Wizard
     * action bean and false in all other situations. If the form cannot
     * determine the ActionBean being posted to for any reason it will return
     * false.
     * @return
     */
    protected boolean isWizard() {
        ActionBean bean = getActionBean();
        Class<? extends ActionBean> clazz;
        if (bean == null) {
            clazz = getActionBeanClass();

            if (clazz == null) {
                log.error("Could not locate an ActionBean that was bound to the URL [",
                        this.actionWithoutContext, "]. Without an ActionBean class Stripes ",
                        "cannot determine whether the ActionBean is a wizard or not. ",
                        "As a result wizard behaviour will be disabled.");
                return false;
            }
        } else {
            clazz = bean.getClass();
        }

        return clazz.getAnnotation(Wizard.class) != null;
    }

    /**
     * Writes out hidden fields for all fields that are present in the request
     * but are not explicitly present in this form. Excludes any fields that
     * have special meaning to Stripes and are not really application data. Uses
     * the stripes:wizard-fields tag to do the grunt work.
     * @throws javax.servlet.jsp.JspException
     */
    protected void writeWizardFields() throws JspException {
        WizardFieldsTag tag = new WizardFieldsTag();
        tag.setPageContext(getPageContext());
        tag.setParent(this);
        try {
            tag.doStartTag();
            tag.doEndTag();
        } finally {
            tag.doFinally();
            tag.release();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Used by nested tags to notify the form that a field with the specified
     * name has been written to the form.
     *
     * @param tag the input field tag being registered
     */
    public void registerField(InputTagSupport tag) {
        this.fieldsPresent.put(tag.getName(), tag.getClass());
        setFocusOnFieldIfRequired(tag);
    }

    /**
     * Checks to see if the field should receive focus either because it is the
     * named field for receiving focus, because it is the first field in the
     * form (and first field focus was specified), or because it is the first
     * field in error.
     *
     * @param tag the input tag being registered with the form
     */
    protected void setFocusOnFieldIfRequired(InputTagSupport tag) {
        // Decide whether or not this field should be focused
        if (this.focus != null && !this.focusSet) {
            ActionBean bean = getActionBean();
            ValidationErrors errors = bean == null ? null : bean.getContext().getValidationErrors();

            // If there are validation errors, select the first field in error
            if (errors != null && errors.hasFieldErrors()) {
                List<ValidationError> fieldErrors = errors.get(tag.getName());
                if (fieldErrors != null && fieldErrors.size() > 0) {
                    tag.setFocus(true);
                    this.focusSet = true;
                }
            } // Else set the named field, or the first field if that's desired
            else if (this.focus.equals(tag.getName())) {
                tag.setFocus(true);
                this.focusSet = true;
            } else if ("".equals(this.focus) || "first".equalsIgnoreCase(this.focus)) {
                if (!(tag instanceof InputHiddenTag)) {
                    tag.setFocus(true);
                    this.focusSet = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Gets the set of all field names for which fields have been referred
     * within the form up until the point of calling this method. If this is
     * called during doEndTag it will contain all field names, if it is called
     * during the body of the tag it will only contain the input elements which
     * have been processed up until that point.
     *
     * @return the set of field names seen so far
     */
    public Set<String> getRegisteredFields() {
        return this.fieldsPresent.keySet();
    }

    /**
     * Appends a parameter to the "action" attribute of the form tag. For clean
     * URLs the value will be embedded in the URL if possible. Otherwise, it
     * will be added to the query string.
     *
     * @param name the parameter name
     * @param valueOrValues the parameter value(s)
     * @see ParameterizableTag#addParameter(String, Object)
     */
    public void addParameter(String name, Object valueOrValues) {
        urlBuilder.addParameter(name, valueOrValues);
    }

    /**
     * Builds the action attribute, including the context path and any
     * parameters.
     *
     * @return the action attribute
     */
    protected String buildAction() {
        String action = urlBuilder.toString();
        if (action.startsWith("/")) {
            HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) getPageContext().getRequest();
            String contextPath = request.getContextPath();

            // *Always* prepend the context path if "beanclass" was used
            // Otherwise, *only* prepend it if it is not already present
            if (contextPath.length() > 1
                    && (beanclass != null || !action.startsWith(contextPath + '/'))) {
                action = contextPath + action;
            }
        }
        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) getPageContext().getResponse();
        return response.encodeURL(action);
    }
}


Question of the Day

Did illegal voters swing any congressional races?

WASHINGTON, Jan. 22 (UPI) — President George W. Bush, again indicating his exasperation with Iraq and allies who argue United Nations weapons inspections should continue indefinitely, said Wednesday it was time for the world and Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein to be held to account in the standoff over Iraq's suspected weapons of mass destruction.

Saddam, he said, was playing hide-and-seek with inspectors as in the past over his suspected weapons of mass destruction and was playing for time instead of disarming.

"I hope the world has learned the lessons from the past, just like Saddam Hussein has learned the lessons from the past, but in a different way," Bush said.

"It's time for us to hold the world to account, and for Saddam to be held to account. We must not be fooled by the ways of the past."

The comments, made during an appearance in St. Louis to highlight his economic growth package, did nothing to dispel a public mood that possible war with Iraq was near.

Last week, in impromptu remarks to reporters, Bush said he was "sick and tired" of Saddam's games and deceptions; on Monday, he said France's call for long-term inspections and opposition to any use of force to ensure disarmament was "a rerun of a bad movie, and I'm not interested in watching it."

Next Monday, U.N. weapons inspectors give their first substantive report to the Security Council on the results of two months on the ground in Iraq following a four-year hiatus. The next day Bush delivers to Congress his State of the Union address, which many speculate will mark the beginning of the final countdown to military action by the more than 130,000 U.S. troops that will be in the Gulf region within the next few weeks.

The president, who insists he has not yet made a decision on military action, on Wednesday also had a special message for the Iraqi military: If any Iraqi officer or soldier uses chemical or biological weapons against U.S. or allied troops if there is a military conflict, they face prosecution for war crimes.

"My hope is that Saddam Hussein will disarm voluntarily," Bush said Wednesday. "That is my hope.

"But should that path (of war) be forced upon us, there will be serious consequences. There will be serious consequences for Saddam Hussein. There will be serious consequences for any Iraqi general or soldier who were to use weapons of mass destruction on our troops or on innocent lives within Iraq."

Bush said he would advise that any Iraqi officer or soldier who receives an order to use chemical or biological weapons, not follow the order. If you chose to do so, they would be "treated, tried and (prosecuted) as a war criminal" when the war was over.

"The consequences for the Iraqi people," he added, would be "freedom from oppression" and murder.

The Bush administration Tuesday launched of an apparent campaign to gin up renewed public support for a tough stance against Iraqi.

Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage, in a speech in Washington Tuesday, said peaceful options for disarming Iraq were about exhausted and that Baghdad could not be trusted to carry out any agreement it may make. Underlining the characterization of unreliability was a special document distributed, which chronicled what the White House called previous instances of Iraqi deception and deceit.

Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz was expected to make similar remarks Thursday in New York, and the president himself in his State of the Union address.

Also on Tuesday, Bush created the Office of Global Communications within the White House to coordinate Washington's message to the world, especially the Arab and Muslim world.

The United States maintains that Iraq possesses proscribed weapons of mass destruction, never having accounted for the stocks of chemical and biological agents it was known to have in the late 1990s in violation of U.N. mandates.

Saddam was a "real threat" to America, Bush said, because of his long history of violating international mandates, his past use of such weapons and the danger Iraq would become a conduit for such materials to terrorist groups.

"He is a dangerous man with dangerous weapons," Bush said Wednesday. "He's a danger to America and its allies."

Last September, Bush, with a congressional resolution authorizing unilateral military action against Iraq if necessary, went to the United Nations and challenged it to enforce its resolutions in regard to Iraq.

If the international body proved an ineffectual League of Nations — referring to UN predecessor that operated from 1920-1946 — the United States would act alone or with a "coalition of the willing," he said.

In other developments, a Washington Post-ABC News poll published Wednesday indicated a dip in public support, although the numbers are still positive for the president.

According to the poll, 57 percent of those questioned back U.S. military action against Iraq, down from 62 percent last month; 50 percent approved his handling of the Iraq situation, down from 58 percent.

Fifty-eight percent wanted to see more evidence against Iraq, while 71 percent said the United States should make public all its evidence.

When asked if weapons inspectors should be given as much time as they want to continue searching Iraq for weapons of mass destruction, 43 percent responded in the positive. When the period was changed to several months, 24 percent said yes; when it period was a few weeks or less, 26 percent were in the affirmative.

The telephone poll of 1,133 randomly selected people was conducted Jan. 16-Jan.20. The margin of error was given as plus/minus 3 percentage points.

"The president believes that a strong majority of Americans agree with him that it's important Saddam Hussein disarm; and that if Saddam Hussein does not disarm on his own, he (Bush) will lead a coalition to disarm Saddam Hussein with the support of a large majority of the country," White House spokesman Ari Fleischer said about the poll.

"The American people see the threat the same way the president does," he added.

"There should be no misunderstanding the position of the American people on this. Pollsters can ask every type of follow-up question they want, but the basic fundamentals are unchanged, and that is the strong majority of the American people are willing to support military action if it comes down to that."

Before the Gulf War of 1991, sparked by Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait, polling indicated 45 percent of the public supported conflict, but the numbers rose quickly when action began, the Washington Post quoted one polling analyst as saying.

The assured sentiment of a surge in support if war comes was also echoed by a senior administration official, who spoke Wednesday on condition of anonymity: "If the president goes to the country (to explain his action), I think you can expect the strong majorities that currently exist to actually go up," the official said.

"I think history shows that in the event that the president makes his case to the country, the numbers have a tendency to actually go up."


One day before the nightmare began at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant in Japan, a reactor in Vermont with the same decades-old design was getting a big thumbs-up from U.S. regulators.

The 38-year-old Vermont Yankee plant, which state lawmakers say is well past its prime, has an operating license that is set to expire next year. Last Thursday, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) agreed to add 20 more years to the life of the plant.

This is the state of nuclear energy in this country, where the average plant was built in 1980 and the cost of launching new reactors - and, industry executives say, safer ones - remains prohibitively high. The United States, which relies on nuclear power for 20 percent of its electricity, is leaning more heavily than ever on the first generation of plants built decades ago, even as critics worry that aging reactors have some dangerous weaknesses.

Aging plants are not necessarily failing plants. U.S. nuclear facilities have less down time than they did a decade or two ago.

GE defends its model, calling the Boiling Water Reactor Mark 1 "the industry's workhorse." Out of 105 reactors in the United States, 23 are BWR Mark 1s. The two oldest - Oyster Creek in New Jersey and Nine Mile Point in New York - began operating in 1969. Utility companies running the reactors with the Mark 1 design insist that they are built to last and that many components have been replaced over the years.

The NRC has renewed licenses for 17 of these reactors and 62 altogether; it has rejected none. All reactors were originally granted 40-year licenses when they began operating, and the renewals are for 20 years.

'Arbitrary' time frame

"There was nothing magic about the 40-year span," said Peter Bradford, a former NRC commissioner. "It wasn't as though somebody said, from an engineering standpoint, 'What's the year after which the plants will start to fall apart?' The 40 years was arbitrary to begin with."

Scott Burnell, a spokesman for the NRC, said that when Congress passed the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, which gave the commission authority to hand out licenses, lawmakers were less concerned with engineering than with blocking companies from developing monopolies in their markets.

The NRC said that regulators are constantly monitoring the plants and that a renewal does not give a reactor free rein to operate more loosely.

"If it's capable of running for 40, we can tack on 20 and then consider things from there," Burnell said.

The NRC said renewal hinges on how a plant affects its surrounding environment and on the condition of its aging equipment.


Q:

IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported ciphersuite

For application client running in WAS 8.5 we have code creating socket that fails with an error below.
    SSLSocketFactory factory = (SSLSocketFactory) SSLSocketFactory.getDefault();
    SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket();
    String pickedCipher[] = {"TLS_DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256"};
    socket.setEnabledCipherSuites(pickedCipher);
    String[] protocols = socket.getEnabledProtocols();

log:

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported ciphersuite
  SSL_DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256     at com.ibm.jsse2.r.a(r.java:245)    at
  com.ibm.jsse2.s.(s.java:51)     at
  com.ibm.jsse2.SSLSocketImpl.setEnabledCipherSuites(SSLSocketImpl.java:186)

Any ideas?

A:

Here is a list of supported ciphersuite in Java - http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA

TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256

TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256


Hohenleimbach

Hohenleimbach is a municipality in the district of Ahrweiler, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

History

The village was first mentioned in 1425 as a fief of a Peter von Thys named Leimbach. This original placename was in use until the begin of the 20th century. Since the 18th century the nickname Wüstleimbach showed up. The prefix "Wüst" means "deserted" in the sense of lost or abandoned. Due to the barren fields and the severe poverty of the inhabitants they decided to emigrate mainly to America leaving their farms behind which were abandoned afterwards. The population of the largely abandoned village decreased below 100 in the 17th and 18th centuries. According to a resolution of the local borough council in 1914, the village was allowed, by an imperial decree of 31 January 1916, to rename itself Hohenleimbach, because of the negative image of the nickname Wüstleimbach ("deserted Leimbach"). The small village Lederbach one mile in the north is part of the municipality. Centuries ago there was another little village named Rembach and situated in the south of Hohenleimbach at the mouth of the Lederbach ("Leatherbrook") running into the Nette rivulet, consisting of only four farms. First mentioned in 1337 it had to be already abandoned in the 17th century due to poverty.

Inhabitants
Number of inhabitants (31. December):

 Source: Statistisches Landesamt Rheinland-Pfalz

References

Category:Populated places in Ahrweiler (district)


<?php
/**
 * @author    AlloVince
 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2015 EvaEngine Team (https://github.com/EvaEngine)
 * @license   http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd New BSD License
 */

namespace Eva\EvaOAuth\Token;

use GuzzleHttp\Message\Response;

/**
 * Class TokenTrait
 * @package Eva\EvaOAuth\Token
 */
trait TokenTrait
{
    /**
     * @var Response
     */
    protected $response;

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    protected $tokenValue;

    /**
     * @param Response $response
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setResponse(Response $response)
    {
        $this->response = $response;
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * @return Response
     */
    public function getResponse()
    {
        return $this->response;
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     */
    public function getTokenVersion()
    {
        return $this->tokenVersion;
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     */
    public function getTokenValue()
    {
        return $this->tokenValue;
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     */
    public function getTokenType()
    {
        return $this->tokenType;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $tokenType
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setTokenType($tokenType)
    {
        $this->tokenType = (string) $tokenType;
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * @return array
     */
    public function toArray()
    {
        $res = [];
        foreach ($this as $key => $value) {
            if (true === is_scalar($value) || true === is_array($value)) {
                $res[$key] = $value;
            }
        }
        return $res;
    }
}


Another way of gauging the civic participation of women is by looking at different activities that women can partake in to express their opinions on political and social issues.

The SWMENA survey shows that very few Yemeni women take part in any activities to express their views on social and political issues. Indeed, when presented with a list of activities that citizens could use to make their opinions heard about issues in their community or at the national level, the share of women who report taking part in any activity is almost negligible and the sweeping majority of women are not even willing to engage in these activities in the future. This data reflects the well-known social limitations on women’s movement in Yemen and their subsequent constrained ability to interact with others in the public sphere.

According to survey findings, less than 2% of Yemeni women have ever signed a petition, taken part in a protest, or called in a radio or TV show or wrote to a newspaper or magazine to express their views on a social or political issue. What is more noteworthy is that at least four in five Yemeni women do not expect or plan to engage is such activities in the future.

Women’s participation in different activities to express their views is not only low in absolute terms but it is also low relative to their male counterparts. Men are fifteen times more likely (29%) than women (2%) to have taken part in a protest, march or demonstration. Nineteen percent of men have contacted or visited a public official at any level of government over the past year or longer ago to express their views on a social or political issue versus only 1% of women. Similarly, 14% of men say that they signed a petition to express their views on a certain political or social issue compared with only 2% of women (Figure 7).

When aggregating activities regardless of the type of activity, the difference in engagement between men and women becomes even more pronounced. Figure 8 shows that 23% of Yemeni men have taken part in one activity to express their views over the past year or longer ago and 19% have taken part in two activities or more. This leaves 58% of men who have not taken part in any activities to express their views. Meanwhile, the percent of women who have not taken part in any activity stands at a much higher 95%, as only 5% of women have taken part in one or more activities to express their views over the past year or more.

When examining women’s participation in activities by age groups, the data shows that only women who are 18-24 tend to noticeably engage in some activities to express their views on social and political views. In this younger age group, 8% of women have taken part in one activity in the past year or longer ago and 3% have taken part in two activities or more to express their views. This still leaves nearly 89% of women 18-24 who have not taken part in any activities to express their views. For all older age groups, fewer than 5% of women have ever taken part in activities to express their views while the overwhelming majority has not taken part in any activity to express their views on social and political issues (Figure 9).

When looking at women’s participation in activities by educational groups, we find that the level of engagement increases with educational attainment. For women with a primary education or less, the level of engagement is almost nonexistent. For women with a primary education, 8% have engaged in one or more activities to express their views. The level of engagement increases systematically as educational attainment increases and reaches its peak for women with a university education or higher, where 18% of women have taken part in one activity to express their views and another 9% have taken part in two activities or more to express their views. Still, 73% of women with a university education or higher have never taken part in any activity to express their views on social and political issues (Figure 10).

Many more women in urban areas (including suburbs) have taken part in activities (17%) to express their views than women living in small towns or large villages (8%) or women in small villages (1%). The level of civic activism is five times higher for women who work for pay (21% have taken part in activities) than for women who do not work (4%) (Figure 11).


Toronto, ON: A series of votive offerings -- including the midday slaughtering of over 800 lambs -- and other dedications have been left before the life-size sculpture of Northrop Frye outside Victoria College, which desperate English students have apparently begun worshipping as a god.

Offerings were first presented before the statue roughly two weeks ago, reported campus security, as GPA-related fears led to graphic acts of pagan idolatry by undergraduate students.

University officials have expressed "grave concern" at the practice, and representatives of the Faculty of Theology at St. Michael's have reportedly begun an inquisition to address the practice.

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Destiny

Did anyone play the Beta? What did you think? I thought it was pretty cool how there going to integrate a MMO into a console game. The only downside is that I found it incredibly confusing to start. There were no tutorials on how you accuire weapons and unlocks/upgrades. Also it seems like there are guns you can only use for Gauntlet mode, but you can also use any gun.

My gosh, even typing this out seems confusing, lol.

They said Brady and the Patriots couldn't be beat, Eli did it twice, how's that for Elite?


12.14.18 From Colorado to Washington, we took important steps over the last four months to remove the threat of development on seven properties, saving critical fish and wildlife habitat, and protecting more wilderness for anyone with a love of the outdoors.

In mid-August, we purchased three properties totaling 27 acres within the Weminuche Wilderness in Colorado behind beautiful Emerald Lake.

In September, we returned 33 acres to Colorado’s Rocky Mountain National Park after removing a 2,000 sq. ft. house and restoring the land to its natural state.

In November, we closed on a 345-acre mining property in the heart of the Wild Sky Wilderness of Washington state and purchased a 60-acre mining claim adjacent to the Little Chetco River, the last remaining private inholding within the 180,000-acre Kalmiopsis Wilderness in Oregon.


Cost-related medication underuse: prevalence among hospitalized managed care patients.
The affordability of prescription medications continues to be a major public health issue in the United States. Estimates of cost-related medication underuse come largely from surveys of ambulatory patients. Hospitalized patients may be vulnerable to cost-related underuse and its consequences, but have been subject to little investigation. To determine impact of medication costs in a cohort of hospitalized managed care beneficiaries. We surveyed consecutive patients admitted to medical services at an academic medical center. Questions about cost-related underuse were based on validated measures; predictors were assessed with multivariable models. Participants were asked about strategies to improve medication affordability, and were contacted after discharge to determine if they had filled newly prescribed medications. One-hundred thirty (41%) of 316 potentially eligible patients participated; 93 (75%) of these completed postdischarge surveys. Thirty patients (23%) reported cost-related underuse in the year prior to admission. In adjusted analyses, patients of black race were 3.39 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05 to 11.02) more likely to report cost-related underuse than non-Hispanic white patients. Virtually all respondents (n = 123; 95%) endorsed at least 1 strategy to make medications more affordable. Few (16%) patients, prescribed medications at discharge, knew how much they would pay at the pharmacy. Almost none had spoken to their inpatient (4%) or outpatient (2%) providers about the cost of newly prescribed drugs. Cost-related underuse is common among hospitalized patients. Individuals of black race appear to be particularly at risk. Strategies should be developed to address this issue around the time of hospital discharge.


Room Attendant

Summary
Responsible for the overall cleanliness of assigned rooms/suites. Reports maintenance deficiencies in order to maintain rooms/suites are in compliance with standards.

Supervisory Responsibilities
This position does not have any supervisory responsibilities.

Education and/or Experience:
Six months to one year prior experience in cleaning, janitorial, hotel or institutional housekeeping required.

Language Skills
Must be able to read, write, speak and understand English. Knowledge of multiple languages is a plus.

Physical Demands
While performing the duties of this Job, the employee is regularly required to stand for prolonged periods of time; walk; use hands and fingers to handle, or feel; reach with hands and arms and talk or hear. The employee must regularly lift and /or move up to 50 pounds. Specific vision abilities required by this job
include close vision, distance vision, color vision, peripheral vision, depth perception and ability to adjust focus.

Work Environment:
While performing the duties of this job, the employee is regularly exposed to secondary smoke. The noise level in the work environment is usually moderate to loud.