In known MIMO systems, there is a desire to exploit the multi-path capabilities of the system to enhance the system capacity. One way to exploit the multi-path capabilities of a MIMO system is to incorporate multiple antennas or multi-band antennas at both the transmitter and receiver. That is, a transmitter sends multiple beams from multiple transmit antennas, and the beams are received by multiple receive antennas at a receiver.
It is desirable for the beams sent from the transmit antennas in a MIMO system to be wide. Accordingly, it has been necessary for known MIMO systems to include antennas or multi-band antennas spaced at a predetermined distance apart from one another. Such separation between the antennas prevents interference between the beams and prevents band-to-band coupling between beams from antennas operating at different frequencies.
However, due to space and size constraints, it may be desirable to place antennas of a MIMO system in close proximity to one another. For example, a base for the antennas may be of a limited size. In such a situation, it would be desirable to maintain the wide beam of the antennas while still preventing interference and band-to-band coupling between the antenna beams.
Known antennas placed within close proximity to one another in a MIMO system present several disadvantages. First, mutual surface radiation from the antennas can couple with each other. Additionally, when the antennas are elevated above a large ground reflector, a small antenna base can defocus the reflection of the main beam radiation. Finally, the low isolation between antennas can introduce signal interference.
Accordingly, there is a continuing, ongoing need for an antenna that can be used in connection with a MIMO system and placed within close proximity to a second antenna. Preferably, such an antenna is a high isolation multi-band monopole antenna.


Profile: Alastair Crooke

Related Entities:

Alastair Crooke was a participant or observer in the following events:

Alastair Crooke. [Source: Conflicts Forum]Alastair Crooke, an agent for the British intelligence service MI6, helps out with the anti-Soviet jihad and gets “to know some of the militants who would become leaders of al-Qaeda.” [New Statesman, 4/11/2005] He also spends “years during the 1980s with Osama Bin Laden’s henchmen in Afghanistan.” [Sunday Express, 6/12/2005] Crooke, whose role is to coordinate British assistance to the mujaheddin, will later be described by CIA officer Milton Bearden as “a natural on the frontier” and “a British agent straight out of the Great Game.” Details of exactly which future al-Qaeda leaders he gets to know are not available. In the 1990s, Crooke will move to Palestine, where he will come into contact with Hamas leaders. [New Statesman, 4/11/2005]

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/* c-isr library stuff of Andes NDS32 cpu for GNU compiler
   Copyright (C) 2012-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   Contributed by Andes Technology Corporation.

   This file is part of GCC.

   GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
   by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your
   option) any later version.

   GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
   ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
   or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public
   License for more details.

   Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
   permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
   3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
   a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
   see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

	.section	.nds32_vector.54, "ax"
#if __NDS32_ISR_VECTOR_SIZE_4__
	/* The vector size is default 4-byte for v3 architecture.  */
	.vec_size	4
	.align	2
#else
	/* The vector size is default 16-byte for other architectures.  */
	.vec_size	16
	.align	4
#endif
	.weak	_nds32_vector_54
	.type	_nds32_vector_54, @function
_nds32_vector_54:
1:
	j	1b
	.size	_nds32_vector_54, .-_nds32_vector_54


Former Attorney General Loretta Lynch used a fake name to conduct official Department of Justice (DOJ) business in agency emails obtained by Judicial Watch. As the nation’s chief law enforcement officer Lynch, Barack Obama’s second attorney general, skirted public-records laws by using the alias Elizabeth Carlisle in emails she sent from her official DOJ account. In the records provided to Judicial Watch, the DOJ explains it as necessary to “protect her security and privacy and enable her to conduct Department business efficiently via email.”
This begs the question of how many other government officials use fake names and whether those aliases are searched when agencies process Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests.
Read more about Loretta Lynch HERE.


Quick information summary of the Pe area.

Pe is located in the state of Puerto Rico.
It occupies the area of 2 square miles.
1 square miles are water areas and 2 square miles remain for land areas.
Center of the Pe lies at +18.0596337, -066.7211400 coordinates.
According to the 2010 Census, there are 5.859 living in the Pe.
The racial makeup shows these 3 races as the most frequent : White (81.82%), Black or African American (9.68%) and Some Other Race (6.28%).
Median age is 32 for the males and 35 for the females.


<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<TITLE>
Kind
</TITLE>

<META NAME="date" CONTENT="2010-10-20">

<LINK REL ="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="../../../../stylesheet.css" TITLE="Style">

      Overview
      Package
    Class
      Tree
      Deprecated
      Index
      Help

 PREV CLASS
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  FRAMES
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  All Classes

  SUMMARY: NESTED | ENUM CONSTANTS | FIELD | METHOD

DETAIL: ENUM CONSTANTS | FIELD | METHOD

com.sun.btrace.annotations

Enum Kind

java.lang.Object
  java.lang.Enum<Kind>
      com.sun.btrace.annotations.Kind

All Implemented Interfaces:
java.io.Serializable, java.lang.Comparable<Kind>

public enum Kind
extends java.lang.Enum<Kind>

This enum is specified in the Location
 annotation to specify probe point kind.
 This enum identifies various "points" of
 interest within a Java method's bytecode.

Author:

A. Sundararajan

Enum Constant Summary

ARRAY_GET

          array element load

ARRAY_SET

          array element store

CALL

          method call

CATCH

          exception catch

CHECKCAST

          checkcast

ENTRY

          method entry

ERROR

          "return" because of no-catch

FIELD_GET

          getting a field value

FIELD_SET

          setting a field value

INSTANCEOF

          instanceof check

LINE

          source line number

NEW

          new object created

NEWARRAY

          new array created

RETURN

          return from method

SYNC_ENTRY

          entry into a synchronized block

SYNC_EXIT

          exit from a synchronized block

THROW

          throwing an exception

Method Summary

static Kind
valueOf(java.lang.String name)

          Returns the enum constant of this type with the specified name.

static Kind[]
values()

          Returns an array containing the constants of this enum type, in
the order they are declared.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Enum

clone, compareTo, equals, finalize, getDeclaringClass, hashCode, name, ordinal, toString, valueOf

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Enum Constant Detail

ARRAY_GET

public static final Kind ARRAY_GET

array element load

ARRAY_SET

public static final Kind ARRAY_SET

array element store

CALL

public static final Kind CALL

method call

CATCH

public static final Kind CATCH

exception catch

CHECKCAST

public static final Kind CHECKCAST

checkcast

ENTRY

public static final Kind ENTRY

method entry

ERROR

public static final Kind ERROR

"return" because of no-catch

FIELD_GET

public static final Kind FIELD_GET

getting a field value

FIELD_SET

public static final Kind FIELD_SET

setting a field value

INSTANCEOF

public static final Kind INSTANCEOF

instanceof check

LINE

public static final Kind LINE

source line number

NEW

public static final Kind NEW

new object created

NEWARRAY

public static final Kind NEWARRAY

new array created

RETURN

public static final Kind RETURN

return from method

SYNC_ENTRY

public static final Kind SYNC_ENTRY

entry into a synchronized block

SYNC_EXIT

public static final Kind SYNC_EXIT

exit from a synchronized block

THROW

public static final Kind THROW

throwing an exception

Method Detail

values

public static Kind[] values()

Returns an array containing the constants of this enum type, in
the order they are declared.  This method may be used to iterate
over the constants as follows:

for (Kind c : Kind.values())
    System.out.println(c);

Returns:
an array containing the constants of this enum type, in
the order they are declared

valueOf

public static Kind valueOf(java.lang.String name)

Returns the enum constant of this type with the specified name.
The string must match exactly an identifier used to declare an
enum constant in this type.  (Extraneous whitespace characters are
not permitted.)

Parameters:
name - the name of the enum constant to be returned.

Returns:
the enum constant with the specified name

Throws:

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if this enum type has no constant
with the specified name

java.lang.NullPointerException - if the argument is null

      Overview
      Package
    Class
      Tree
      Deprecated
      Index
      Help

 PREV CLASS
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  FRAMES
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  All Classes

  SUMMARY: NESTED | ENUM CONSTANTS | FIELD | METHOD

DETAIL: ENUM CONSTANTS | FIELD | METHOD


package lua.lib.luv;

@:luaRequire("luv")
extern class Loop {
	static function loop_close():Bool;
	static function run(?mode:String):Bool;
	static function loop_alive():Bool;
	static function stop():Void;
	static function backend_fd():Int;
	static function backend_timeout():Int;
	static function now():Int;
	static function update_time():Void;
	static function walk(cb:Handle->Void):Void;
}


BUSAN - A blank newspaper in Lebanon and Burger King’s trolling campaign that took advantage of McDonald’s drive-throughs were announced on Sunday as the Grand Prix of the Year winners of the 2019 AD Stars, Korea’s only advertising festival.

The two were selected among 20,645 entrees from more than 60 countries, for the Public Service Advertising and Product & Service divisions, respectively.

“The Blank Edition” was released last October when Lebanon had been without a government for six months due to political infighting resulting in a deadlock. To represent the lack of responsibility over the situation, Lebanon’s second largest newspaper An Nahar printed an empty newspaper, with zero photos, articles or advertisements. Lebanese people were also called upon to write messages to politicians on the blank edition and upload them on their social media.

The campaign received $5 million worth of media saturation effect and was covered in more than 100 international publications.

Months later in January 2019, Lebanon finally announced a new government.

“To be perfectly honest, a blank newspaper or magazine is not new. But we decided to give the Grand Prix to the Blank Edition because of the context in which it was used,” said Ted Lim, chief creative officer (CCO) at Dentsu Asia Pacific who was one of the five executive jurors at 2019 AD Stars.

“The government could have closed down the newspaper or even worse put the entire editorial panel in jail. The fact that it created so much buzz, talk value and repercussions around the world put a lot of pressure on the government to do something about the situation.”

Burger King’s Whopper Detour campaign won the Grand Prix in the product & services division. In order to promote its new mobile app on a low budget, the burger chain aimed to redirect customers at its rival McDonald’s, by making available a one-penny mobile coupon for a Whopper that unlocked at McDonald’s 14,000 restaurants.

In less than 48 hours of launch, the Burger King app hit No. 1 in app stores from 686 on Apple and 464 on Android, beating Instagram and YouTube. After the promotion, Burger King also saw the highest number of store visits in four years.

Executive jurors explained both work were “challengers” in that they were not seeking love and support from everybody but had a provocative tone behind their purpose.

“We used to do advertising that was just [about asking people] to love a brand - nowadays, it’s impossible to just have lovers. We have haters as well so it’s important to have a point of view,” said Joanna Monteiro, CCO for FCB Brazil. “The more brave you are, the more brave [it will make] all of us to get involved with that work.”


Hearts and Flowers for Tora-san

is a 1982 Japanese comedy film directed by Yoji Yamada. It stars Kiyoshi Atsumi as Torajirō Kuruma (Tora-san), and Ayumi Ishida as his love interest or "Madonna". Hearts and Flowers for Tora-san is the twenty-ninth entry in the popular, long-running Otoko wa Tsurai yo series.

Synopsis
During his travels, Tora-san gets drunk with an old man in Kyoto. Though Tora-san never fully comprehends his importance, the old man is a Living National Treasure ceramist. At his home, Tora-san makes a good impression on the old man's maid, who apparently falls in love with Tora-san.

Cast
 Kiyoshi Atsumi as Torajirō
 Chieko Baisho as Sakura
 Ayumi Ishida as Kagari
 Nizaemon Kataoka as Kanō
 Shimojo Masami as Kuruma Tatsuzō
 Chieko Misaki as Tsune Kuruma (Torajiro's aunt)
 Gin Maeda as Hiroshi Suwa
 Hidetaka Yoshioka as Mitsuo Suwa
 Hisao Dazai as Boss (Umetarō Katsura)
 Gajirō Satō as Genkō
 Chishū Ryū as Gozen-sama
 Akira Emoto as Kondō

Critical appraisal
Ayumi Ishida was nominated for Best Actress, and Akira Emoto for Best Supporting Actor at the Japan Academy Prize for their roles in Hearts and Flowers for Tora-san. Long-time composer for the series, Naozumi Yamamoto, was nominated for Best Music Score. Enomoto won the award for Best Supporting Actor at the Blue Ribbon Awards.
Stuart Galbraith IV writes that the film "is no better than average for this series, but then again this series' average is awfully high." He notes that this is the first episode in the series in which Tora-san's nephew Mitsuo plays a significant role in the plot. The German-language site molodezhnaja gives Hearts and Flowers for Tora-san three and a half out of five stars.

Availability
Hearts and Flowers for Tora-san was released theatrically on August 7, 1982. In Japan, the film has been released on videotape in 1986 and 1996, and in DVD format in 2002 and 2008.

References

Notes

Bibliography
English

German

Japanese

External links

 Hearts and Flowers for Tora-san at www.tora-san.jp (Official site)

Category:1982 films
Category:Films directed by Yoji Yamada
Category:Japanese comedy films
Category:Japanese films
Category:Japanese-language films
Category:Otoko wa Tsurai yo films
Category:1980s sequel films
Category:Shochiku films
Category:Films set in Kamakura
Category:Films set in Shiga Prefecture
Category:Films set in Nagano Prefecture
Category:Films set in Kyoto Prefecture
Category:Films with screenplays by Yôji Yamada


#!/bin/sh

# preserve current working directory
cd `dirname $0`/..
BASE=`pwd`

LIBCLASSPATH=`echo $BASE/lib/*.jar | tr ' ' ':'`
export CLASSPATH=$LIBCLASSPATH:$BASE/conf

if [ "$LOG_CONFIG" = "" ]; then
LOG_CONFIG="$BASE/conf/log4j.xml"
fi

[ -n "$LOGROOT"] && LOGROOT="log"

JAVA_OPTS="-Xmx512m -Dlog4j.config=$LOG_CONFIG -DlogRoot=log -DlogLevel=ERROR"

java $JAVA_OPTS com.alibaba.doris.client.tools.datamaker.NodeDataMakerTool $*

#usage: nodeDataMaker -ip 127.0.0.1 -port 9001 -vn 1000 -kp 101:kkk -vp vvv -s 0 -e 1000 -c 5 -p true


84 U.S. 191 (1872)
17 Wall. 191
LAPEYRE
v.
UNITED STATES.
Supreme Court of United States.

*194 Mr. P. Phillips, for the appellant; a brief of Messrs. H.H. Blackburn, W.H. Lamon, and C.E. Hovey, being filed on the same side.
Mr. G.H. Williams, Attorney-General, and Mr. C.H. Hill, Assistant Attorney-General, contra.
*195 Mr. Justice SWAYNE delivered the judgment of the court.
The only inquiry presented for our consideration is, when the proclamation, which is the hinge of the controversy, took effect. The question arises on the third finding of the Court of Claims, which is as follows: "The proclamation of the President of June 24th, 1865, was not published in the newspapers until the morning of the 27th of that month; nor was it published or promulgated anywhere, or in any form, prior to said last-named day, unless its being sealed with the seal of the United States, in the Department of State, was a publication or promulgation thereof."
There is no act of Congress, and nothing to be found in American jurisprudence, which bears very directly on the subject. In the English law the instrument is thus defined: "Proclamation  proclamatio  is a notice publicly given of anything whereof the king thinks fit to advertise his subjects. And so it is used, 7th Richard II, chap. 6."[]
Proclamations for various purposes are mentioned in the English authorities, but it could serve no useful end particularly *196 to refer to them.[*] In England they must be under the great seal.[] If their existence is intended to be denied, the proper plea is nul tiel record.[] It is a part of the king's prerogative to issue them.[§] It is a criminal offence to issue them without authority.[] By the 31st of Henry VIII, chap. 8, it was enacted that the king, with the advice of his council, might issue proclamations denouncing pains and penalties, and that such proclamations should have the force of acts of Parliament. This statute, so fraught with evil to the liberties of the subject, was repealed a few years later in the succeeding reign of Edward VI, and during his minority. A very careful and learned writer says: "A proclamation must be under the great seal, and if denied is to be tried by the record thereof. It is of course necessary to be published, in order that the people may be apprised of its existence and may be enabled to perform the injunctions it contains. In the absence of any express authorities it should seem that if the proclamation be under the great seal it need not be made by any particular class of individuals or in any particular manner or place, and that it would suffice if it were made by any one under the king's authority in the market-place or public street of each large town. It always appears in the gazette."[¶] This is the only authority on the subject here under consideration which our researches have enabled us to find. The writer refers to no other author and to no adjudicated cases in support of his views. The third section of the Documentary Evidence Act,[**] declares that the copy of a proclamation purporting to be printed by the queen's printer shall be sufficient proof of the existence of the original. Under the circumstances it may be well to look to the analogy afforded by the promulgation of statutes. At the common law every act of Parliament, unless a different time were fixed, took effect from the first day of the *197 session, no matter how long the session or when the act was passed. This rule was applied to acts punishing offences of all grades, including those which were capital and even attaints. The authorities on the subject are learnedly collected by Mr. Justice Story in the case of The Brig Ann.[*] Such was the law in England until the passage of the 33d George III, chap. 13, which declared that the royal assent should be indorsed, and that the act should take effect only from that time.
The act of Congress of July 27th, 1789, § 2, declares that whenever a bill, order, resolution, or vote of the Senate and House of Representatives has been signed by the President, or not having been returned by him with his objections, shall have become a law, it shall forthwith thereafter be received by the Secretary of State from the President; and that whenever a bill, order, resolution, or vote  having been returned by the President with his objections  shall have been approved by two-thirds of both houses of Congress, and become a law, it shall be received by the Secretary from the President of the Senate, or Speaker of the House of Representatives, in whichsoever house it shall have been last approved; and it is made his duty carefully to preserve the originals. The first section of the act of April 20th, 1818, directs that the secretary shall publish all acts and resolutions currently as they are passed, in newspapers. The fourth section provides that he shall cause to be published at the close of every session of Congress copies of the acts of Congress at large, including all amendments to the Constitution adopted, and all public treaties ratified since the last publication of the laws.
Both those acts are silent as to proclamations, and we have been unable to find any provision in the laws of Congress touching the manner of their original promulgation or their subsequent printing and preservation. Numerous acts were passed during the late war authorizing proclamations to be issued, but they are silent upon these subjects. *198 In the act of July 10th, 1861, under which the proclamation here in question was issued, the language is  "it may and shall be lawful for the President by proclamation to declare," &c.[*] In the act of June 22d, 1861, the language is  "the President shall from time to time issue his proclamation."[] In the act of December 31st, 1862, the language is the same as in the act first referred to.[] In the act of March 3d, 1863, the language is  "the President shall issue his proclamation declaring," &c.[§] We have nowhere found in the legislation of Congress any material departure from this formula, nor anything further in anywise affecting the question before us.
We know that the established usage is to publish proclamations with the laws and resolutions of Congress currently in the newspapers, and in the same volume with those laws and resolutions at the end of the session.
There is no statute fixing the time when acts of Congress shall take effect, but it is settled that where no other time is prescribed, they take effect from their date.[] Where the language employed is "from and after the passing of this act," the same result follows. The act becomes effectual upon the day of its date. In such cases it is operative from the first moment of that day. Fractions of the day are not recognized. An inquiry involving that subject is inadmissible. See Welman's Case,[¶] where the subject is examined with learning and ability.
Publishing by outery, in the market-place and streets of towns, as suggested by Chitty, has, we apprehend, fallen into disuse in England. It is certainly unknown in this country. While it is said the proclamation always appears in the gazette, he does not say that it cannot become operative until promulgated in that way. As no mode of publication is prescribed, and those suggested will answer, we do not see why applying the seal and depositing the instrument *199 in the office of the Secretary of State, may not be held to have the same effect. The President and Secretary have then completed their work. It is there amidst the archives of the nation. The laws of Congress are placed there. All persons desiring it can have access, and procure authenticated copies of both. The President signs and the Secretary of State seals and attests the proclamation. The President and Congress make the laws. Both are intended to be published in the newspapers and in book form. Acts take effect before they are printed or published. Why should not the same rule apply to proclamations? We see no solid reason for making a distinction. If it be objected that the proclamation may not then be known to many of those to be affected by it, the remark applies with equal force to statutes. The latter taking effect by relation from the beginning of the day of their date, may thus become operative from a period earlier than that of their approval by the President, and indeed earlier than that at which they received the requisite legislative sanction. The legislative action may all occur in the latter part of the day of their approval. The approval must necessarily be still later. It may be added, as to both statutes and proclamations, that even after publication in the newspapers, there are in our country large districts of territory where actual knowledge does not usually penetrate through that or any other channel of communication, until a considerably later period. It will hardly be contended that proclamations should take effect at different times, in different places, according to the speedier or less speedy means of knowledge in such places respectively.
But the gravest objection to the test of publication contended for by the defendant in error remains to be considered. It would make the time of taking effect depend upon extraneous evidence, which might be conflicting, and might not be preserved. The date is an unvarying guide. If that be departed from, the subject may be one of indefinitely recurring litigation. The result in one case would be no bar in another if the parties were different. Upon whom *200 would rest the burden of proof, the party alleging or the party denying the fact of publication? If, after a lapse of years, the proof were that a proclamation purporting to be published by authority, was seen at a specified time in a newspaper, but the paper were lost and its date could not be shown, would the proclamation be held to take effect only from the time it was so seen by the witness? Suppose in the distant future no proof of publication could be found, would all the rights which had grown up under it be lost unless protected by the rule of limitations? Would the instrument itself be a nullity? Would an exemplified copy from the proper office be an insufficient answer to the plea of nul tiel record? According to the views maintained by the counsel for the plaintiff in error all these questions must be answered in the affirmative. The only way to guard against these mischiefs is to apply the same rule of presumption to proclamations that is applied to statutes, that is, that they had a valid existence on the day of their date, and to permit no inquiry upon the subject. Conceding publication to be necessary, the officer upon whom rests the duty of making it should be conclusively presumed to have promptly and properly discharged that duty. If the proclamation here involved were a resolution or an act of Congress no such question could arise. That "a proclamation," ... "if denied, is to be tried by the record thereof," and that in such case the proper plea is nul tiel record, seems to be conclusive upon the subject.
It would be unfit and unsafe to allow the commencement of the effect whenever the question arises, whether at a near or a distant time, to depend upon the uncertainty of parol proof, or upon anything extrinsic to the instrument itself, as found in the archives of the nation.
JUDGMENT REVERSED, and the case remanded with directions to enter a judgment
IN FAVOR OF THE APPELLANT.
DAVIS, Justice.
I concur in the judgment in this case.
*201 Mr. Justice HUNT (with whom concurred Justices MILLER, FIELD, and BRADLEY), dissenting:
The question presented is this: Does the fact that the document under consideration had on it the seal of the United States, and that it was in the Department of State, give to it the vitality of a proclamation?
If it had vitality or existence on the 24th day of June, the government agent had no authority to retain the 119 bales of cotton by virtue of the law of 1864. If it had not existence on that day, he had authority, and the present claim is without foundation.
What is a proclamation? It is to cry aloud, publicly to make known. One may proclaim, as of old, by the sound of trumpet, or by voice, or by print, or by posting; but not by silence. A proclamation may be published in the newspapers, or scattered by writing, or in any demonstrative manner, but it cannot be published by a deposit in a place to which the public have no access.
The lexicographers agree in their definition of a proclamation. Webster gives it thus: "1. A proclamation by authority; official notice given to the public. 2. In England a declaration of the king's will openly published." "3. The declaration of a supreme magistrate made publicly known." In each of these definitions, it will be perceived that publicity is an important ingredient. "Notice given to the public," "openly published," "made publicly known," are significant expressions. They give it as an essential element of its character that it should be openly and publicly made known. The expeunders of the law use nearly the same language as the lexicographers. In Jacobs's Law Dictionary is this language: "Proclamation  a notice publicly given of anything whereof the king thinks fit to advertise his subjects." In Bacon's Abridgment[*] it is said: "The king, by his prerogative, may in certain cases and on special occasions make and issue out proclamations for the prevention of offences, to ratify and confirm an ancient law, *202 or, as some books express it, `quo ad terrorem populi,' to admonish them that they keep the law on pain of his displeasure." And again:[*] "The king, by his proclamation, may enforce the execution of the laws, and, therefore, if the king, by proclamation, prohibits that which was before unlawful, the offence afterwards will be aggravated." An unknown and secret act of the king could not legally add to the enormity of a public offence. In his 12th volume,[] Coke gives a full statement of what the king may do by proclamation, and what he may not do. Chitty, on Prerogative, thus lays it down: "A proclamation must be under the great seal, and if denied, is to be tried by the record thereof. It is, of course, necessary that it be published, in order that the people may be apprised of its existence and may be enabled to perform the injunctions it contains. In the absence of any express authorities on the point it should seem that if the proclamation be under the great seal, it need not be made by any particular class of individuals or in particular manner and place, and that it would suffice if made by any one under the king's authority, in the market-place or public streets of each large town. It always appears in the gazette."[] This authority clearly asserts the necessity of publication. It always appears, he says, in the gazette. It would suffice if made in the market-place or public streets.
After a careful examination of the law books  Allen on the Royal Prerogative, Hearne on the Government of England, and several similar works  it is safe to say that no authority can be found contradicting this statement of Chitty.
It is assumed generally, as resting on the nature of the instrument and the general principles of law, that there must be a publication, and nowhere is an intimation to the contrary to be found.
In the case before us no publicity was given to the paper. It was in no gazette, in no market-place, nor in the street. *203 It was signed by the President and the Acting Secretary of State, and deposited in the Secretary's office. It does not appear that a single person besides the President and Secretary was aware of its existence. A deposit in the office of state is not notice or publicity. We are not to confound the solemnity or the security of a resting-place in the archives of the state with publicity. No doubt the place of deposit was suitable and appropriate, but if promulgation is founded upon public knowledge or notice, it is difficult to understand how it is furnished by this fact.
Neither did the seal add to its character except to authenticate it. Comyn says that every proclamation ought to be "sub magno sigillo Anglic."[*] As evidence of its regularity and authenticity the seal is well, but it adds nothing to its publicity. It conveys notice to no one. It gives no public knowledge of its existence.
It is argued that a statute takes effect from the date of its approval, unless a different time is fixed by law. As a general rule this is true. It is further said that, by relation, it covers the whole of the day of its approval. This also is generally true. It has often been decided, however, that where justice requires it, the true time of its passage may be shown even to the hour of the day.[]
In the case of Welman,[] cited to sustain the general rule, the qualification here stated is recognized. The statement of Lord Mansfield is given,[§] in which it is stated that, when necessary, the law does examine into fractions of a day. He says that "he does not see why the very hour of its passage may not be shown when it is necessary and can be done."
This principle, however, does not aid in the present case. When a bill has passed both houses and been signed by the President, and deposited in the proper place, the legislative and executive power is exhausted. The last act of power has been exercised. The present is more like the case of a *204 deed, which takes effect from its delivery. It may be signed, sealed, and acknowledged by the grantor, but, as a general rule, it has no effect while it remains in his possession; nor is the effect different, if it be left in the hands of the notary taking the acknowledgment.
It is said again that a proclamation is a record, and that its existence is to be determined upon the plea of nul tiel record. So is a judgment a record. So is a statute; and the same may be said of a deed. The document itself must be proved by the production of the record; but in each of the cases mentioned the time at which it takes effect may be established by parol. In each case its effect is presumptively of the day of its date, but the truth may be shown when the fact is otherwise, and even to fractions of a day when justice requires it.[*]
It is said also that the introduction of extraneous evidence of the time of publication would cause great confusion. The argument of inconvenience is never a satisfactory one. It is not perceived how it would produce more difficulty in this case than in the case of statutes. A proclamation is usually issued in fact at its date. It is presumed to be so issued. The date may be erroneous. It may have been issued before it bears date. It may have been issued afterwards. The important rights of persons and of property affected by it cannot be allowed to be overborne by the argument of inconvenience. It would produce much greater inconvenience, as well as injustice, to public interests and to private rights that a rule of law or of property should be fixed as of a time which it should be beyond the power of the most vigilant to ascertain. Proclamations by the king alone, or by the king by the authority of Parliament, or by the President by the authority of Congress, or as part of the executive power, embrace an immense range of subjects. Knowledge of their contents, or the means of obtaining it, is of more importance than the inconvenience that may be supposed to arise from leaving the time of publication to be ascertained by actual proof.
*205 It is suggested that the case of Marbury v. Madison[*] is in conflict with the conclusion stated. In that case Mr. Adams had appointed Mr. Marbury and others justices of the peace of the District of Columbia, but their commissions had not been delivered. Afterwards Mr. Madison, Secretary of State, refused to deliver them, and Mr. Marbury applied for a mandamus to compel such delivery. The nominations had been confirmed by the Senate, and the commissions had been signed by the President, and the seal of the United States affixed by the Secretary of State. The court held that when the last act of authority on the part of the Executive had been completed his power was at an end, and the right to the office was perfect. This last act was declared to be the signature of the commission.
The want of applicability of this authority to the case before us is manifest. There the last authority of the President had been exercised. His power was exhausted. Here he had not, on the 24th of June, exercised the last act of authority, nor did he exercise it until the 27th of that month. It is not doubted that when he had exercised it, and had published his proclamation, his power was at an end, the instrument was perfect, and the rights of all parties became fixed. But until he gave life to his proclamation, by some public or official notice of its existence, it was inchoate merely. The last act had not been performed.
The learned counsel who argued for the appellant did not deny that until publication had been made the proclamation was revocable by the President. If the view we take is correct, it certainly remained in his power and under his control for alteration or revocation until publication was made. A revocable law is an anomaly. It is a solecism, an absurdity. If it is a law, it is not revocable. If it is revocable, it is not a law. The elements of change and of certainty cannot exist in the same thing at the same time. Until the 27th of June the proclamation was not beyond the power of change. Until that day, therefore, it could not be a law.
*206 It has been suggested, although this proclamation did not come into existence until the 27th of June, that after it did take effect, it related back to the 24th of that month. Such a principle is unknown to our laws. It involves the essential effect of a retroactive law. That a man should, on the 24th of June, perform an act lawful and commendable, that by an official declaration on the 27th this lawful act should be rendered unlawful at the time it was performed, and punishable, is in violation of every idea of constitutional law and of common right. When applied to criminal law, such an act is ex post facto, and retroactive when applied to civil cases.
An ex post facto law is one which imposes a punishment for an act which was not punishable at the time it was committed, or which imposes additional punishment to that then prescribed.[*]
In Fletcher v. Peck,[] it was decided that an act of the legislature, by which a man's estate shall be seized for a crime, which was not declared to be an offence by some previous law, was null and void.
In Cummings v. Missouri,[] it was held that although the prohibition of the Constitution against ex post facto laws is aimed against criminal cases, it cannot be evaded by giving a civil form to that which is in substance criminal. The passage of an act imposing a penalty upon a priest for the performance of an act, innocent by law at the time it was committed, was, therefore, held to be void.
The principle is so familiar that it is not necessary to accumulate authorities. The proposition we are discussing falls directly within the prohibition.
We are not called upon to decide what would amount to a sufficient publication, or in what manner the required notice may be given. We are simply to decide whether, upon the facts before us, a legal publication of the proclamation had been made on the 24th day of June, 1865.
NOTES
[]  Cowel's Law Dictionary.
[*]  2 Jacobs's Law Dictionary.
[]  7 Comyns's Digest, 31.
[]  Keyley v. Manning, Cro. Car. 180; Howard v. Slater, 2 Rolls, 172.
[§]  1 Blackstone's Commentaries, 70.
[]  Broke's Abridgment, fol: 160, 17 Viner, 199.
[¶]  Chitty on Prerogatives, 106.
[**]  8 and 9 Victoria, chap. 113.
[*]  1 Gallison, 64.
[*]  12 Stat. at Large, 257.
[]  Ib. 268.
[]  Ib. 633.
[§]  Ib. 735.
[]  Matthews v. Zane, 7 Wheaton, 211.
[¶]  20 Vermont, 653; see also Howe's Case, 21 Id. 619; The Ann, 1 Gallison, 62; Arnold v. The United States, 9 Cranch, 104; 1 Kent, 457.
[*]  Prerogative 8.
[*]  Prerogative 8.
[]  Page 76.
[]  Chitty on Prerogative, 106.
[*]  Title Prerogative: D.E. 3.
[]  Brainard v. Bushnell, 11 Connecticut, 17; The People v. Clark, 1 California, 408; Gardner v. Collector, 6 Wallace, 499.
[]  20 Vermont, 653.
[§]  Combe v. Pitt, 3 Burrow, 1434.
[*]  Authorities supra.
[*]  1 Cranch, 137.
[*]  Carpenter v. Pennsylvania, 17 Howard, 456.
[]  6 Cranch, 87.
[]  4 Wallace. 277.


Q:

Opacity control for KmlLayer in Google Maps V3 API?

Using a KmlLayer object within the Google Maps API, is it possible to control the opacity of a KML's image overlay features ?

A:

See answer here


Habitat & RangeSea otters spend a large majority of their lives in nearshore marine habitats, particularly kelp beds, reefs, and rocky islets. They prefer rocky sheltered areas that support kelp beds, and where the water depth is less than 30 m. The water must be unpolluted. Sea otter distribution has greatly decreased from the species' historic range. They were once present in coastal waters all along the Pacific Rim from Japan to Baja California. When they were protected in 1911 there were less than 2000 individuals left and populations were restricted to coastal Russia, Alaska, and California. Now there are fragmented populations throughout the former range, including a relatively recently established population off the Central Coast. They now populate one-half to two-thirds of their historic range.

There are three recognized subspecies: Enhydra lutris nereis, or the southern/Californian sea otter off California and Mexico; E. l. kenyoni, the northern/Alaskan sea otter in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska (including BC); and E. l. lutris, the Russian sea otter, in the western North Pacific.

Similar SpeciesThe river otter (Lontra canadensis pacifica) — found in coastal bays and inlets as well as freshwater habitats — is a similar size and colouring, and has the same flat, broad head. It has a longer, tapered, and somewhat rounded tail, and its neck is longer. It does not raft, nor does it float on its back to eat.

The following videos show the acrobatic nature of rescued sea otters:

Human UsesSea otters were harvested for their pelts in an intensive commercial fur trade from 1740 to around 1900, when numbers had decreased so drastically that the harvest was no longer viable. Prior to the commercial trade First Nations groups harvested sea otters for pelts as well.

Intriguing InfoSea otters prey on sea urchins, mussels, abalone, crustaceans, and other intertidal and subtidal invertebrates. They use rocks as tools for eating: while floating on their backs they use rocks balanced on their stomachs to break open shelled prey. They sometimes have favourite rocks which are stored in their armpits and kept for several dives. By feeding on sea urchins they play an important role in maintaining a delicate balance in kelp forests. When sea urchin populations numbers increase too high they can turn a diverse kelp forest habitat into a barren underwater landscape called an urchin barren. Sea urchins play the role of a keystone species by keeping urchin populations in check, and thereby maintaining the kelp forest and the biodiversity it supports.

Instead of blubber sea otters are insulated by their extremely thick fur, which they keep meticulously groomed by rubbing and rolling the fur. They then blow air into the fur; the air gets trapped and, along with natural oils, provides water-proof insulation. Sea otters likely spend more time grooming than any other mammal in order to maintain insulation.

The species has repopulated approximately one-half to two-thirds of its entire former range, but its current BC range is only one-quarter to one-third of what it once was. From 1969 to 1972 89 sea otters were moved to the west coast of Vancouver Island, where they have developed a healthy population of over 3000. In 1989 a small population was discovered on the Central Coast.

While they have repopulated a significant amount of their historic range, numbers are still relatively low and the species is vulnerable to a number of threats. The biggest threat to sea otter recovery is the possibility of oil spills, as their habitat overlaps with oil tanker routes and they are particularly susceptible to the effects of oil. This was evident in the aftermath of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska, when an estimated 2,650-3,900 sea otters died. Oil destroys the water-repellant nature of a sea otter's fur, which eliminates its insulation and the sea otter subsequently dies of hypothermia. Oil is also ingested and the fumes inhaled when a contaminated sea otter obsessively grooms to remove the oil from its fur, and internal organs are damaged. They can also ingest oil through contaminated food. Furthermore, they are vulnerable because their rafting behaviour means that large numbers can be wiped out simultaneously, and because their kelp bed habitats tend to retain oil in the area. Scroll to page 26 of this COSEWIC report to read more about the impacts of oil.

Other threats include predation by killer whales (which switched to sea otters when other prey populations collapsed) and eagles (which prey on pups), illegal hunting by humans, disease, other marine contaminants, collisions with boats, and entanglement in fishing gear. Read more about the threats to sea otters in the 2007 COSEWIC Assessment and Update Status Report, and the 2007 SARA Recovery Strategy.


Q:

how to read an integer array in MEX-function

I am passing an integer array of uint8 type from MATLAB to a MEX-function. How do I read these values? I tried using:
int *n;
n = (int * ) mxGetData(prhs[0]);

but the values come out as junk. I also tried
double *n;
n= mxGetPr(prhs[0]);

and in this case junk values also appear.
What is the solution to this?
Basically I want to read the integer value in the MEX-function but mxGetPr returns double type.

A:

Take a look at the demo MEX-function explore.c, which you can open in MATLAB using
edit([matlabroot '/extern/examples/mex/explore.c']);

In there you'll find a bunch of functions whose names all start with analyze_ and then a type (for example, analyze_uint8). In those functions you'll see the output of calls to mxGetData being cast to a particular C type, like this:
pr = (unsigned char *)mxGetData(array_ptr);

pr now points to the real part of array_ptr, an array of unsigned char.


Field
Exemplary embodiments relate to a display device, and more particularly, to a display device that may adjust the level of a reference gamma voltage used for generating a gamma voltage.
Discussion of the Background
In general, a display device includes a display panel including a plurality of pixels displaying an image, a gate driver providing gate signals to the plurality of pixels, and a source driver providing data signals to the plurality of pixels.
Increases in the number of pixels of a display device and in the size of a display panel are modern trends. As a result, the display device generally includes a plurality of drivers. However, because the transmission paths of bias voltages applied to the plurality of source drivers and the magnitudes of the impedances of the transmission paths are also different from one another, the sizes of bias voltages received by respective source drivers may be different from one another. Because the magnitudes of the bias voltages are different from one another, the magnitudes of the gamma voltages and the grayscale voltages generated by the plurality of source drivers are also different from one another as a result.
A display device generated by a chip-on-glass (COG) may increase the number of film-on-glasses (FOG) in order to solve such a limitation. However, such an arrangement tends to increase the unit price of a product, thereby decreasing the competitiveness of the product. Thus, enabling the plurality of source drivers to generate gamma voltages having the same magnitudes by supplying uniform bias voltages to the plurality of source drivers without an increase in number of FOGs is being emphasized as an important issue.
The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the inventive concept, and, therefore, it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.


Biography

Monika L. Son, PhD is a tenured assistant professor at John Jay College , City University of New York. She teaches courses in Education and Justice and is Chair and Director of her department, the Percy Ellis Sutton SEEK Department. The SEEK Department which came out of the 1964 Civil Rights Legislation, is an access and opportunity program for youth who are under-represented, for reasons of income, race or academic experiences and who may not have had the opportunity to attend college. Dr. Son, who is trained as a developmental psychologist, studies how implementing contemplative pedagogies such as journaling, story –telling, meditation and embodied practices, develops a student’s ability to build capacity for discomfort; as well as their ability to build critical consciousness and social action, when teaching about Race, Power, Gender, Privilege and Oppression. Dr. Son is also interested in how engaging in contemplative and embodied practices lead to healing and transformation, particularly for marginalized groups who have suffered from internalized oppression. Her work is recognized by the community of scholars who study and incorporate contemplative/ introspective practices in social justice pedagogy.


1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates to an exercise machine and, more particularly, to an elliptical trainer with an adjustable strides.
2. Related Prior Art
There has been a first type of exercise machines with which users exercise to build their bodies. Such exercise machines can be called the “strength trainers.” There has been a second type of exercise machines with which users exercise to enhance their cardiopulmonary function. The second type of exercise machines includes treadmills, stationary bikes and elliptical trainers.
An elliptical trainer is used to guide a user to move his feet along two identical elliptical strides with long axes lying substantially horizontally. The length of the long axes of the elliptical strides is expected to match with the length of the legs of the user. Conventionally, the length of the long axes of the elliptical strides of the elliptical trainer is fixed. That is, the long axes of the elliptical strides of the elliptical trainer may be too short for users with long legs or too long for users with short legs.
To solve the above-mentioned problem, various devices are devised for adjusting the elliptical strides of elliptical trainers. Such devices can be seen in Chinese Patent 101234241, Taiwanese Patent Application Publication 201200203, Taiwanese Patent M415718 and US Patent Application Publication Nos. 20030236152, 20040009847, 20040147375, 20050043145 and 20120122632.
Therefore, the present invention is intended to obviate or at least alleviate the problems encountered in prior art.


Alumina Revolve videos

Customer reviews of Alumina Revolve

12 reviews

5 stars:10

4 stars:1

3 stars:1

2 stars:0

1 stars:0

Average review rating

4.8

12 reviews

The most helpful favorable review

Anthem of the Angels.

5

Between Revolve and Flow, I have made two perfect creations for vaginal and anal play. Those who like texture will prefer Revolve. Those who are new to harder materials or prefer smooth texture will probably like Flow better. I like to have a mixture of textures, so Revolve made a fabulous addition to my collection. I absolutely love the rich purple color. Tantus has again created another quality item. Revolve is a definite classy beauty.
Read review

The most helpful critical review

Aluminum Revolution

3

Overall, the Alumnia Revolve was a great introduction into the world of non-vibrating toys for me. It's easy to care for and can be combined with other parts of the Alumnia line to make A SUPER DILDO. [or rather, one you may enjoy all around.]
Read review

Product Details

Nashville

Rating:

5

Summary:

I could say the Alumina Revolve is the dildo every girl dreams of but frankly, I don't have the imagination to dream up something so perfectly inventive. It has a shape unmatched by any other toy and is crafted in sleek, weightless anodized aeronautical aluminum that's clean, won't corrode or show wear, and looks absolutely beautiful.

Pros:

A beautiful design, sinful shape, and a curvature that you can only dream of.


                       COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA

Present: Judges Baker, Coleman and Overton
Argued at Salem, Virginia

GERALD LEONARD CUMMINGS

v.             Record No.   2645-94-3        MEMORANDUM OPINION *
                                          BY JUDGE JOSEPH E. BAKER
PAMELA GREENWOOD CUMMINGS                     FEBRUARY 6, 1996

                 FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF ROANOKE COUNTY
                           G. O. Clemens, Judge
               Arthur E. Smith (Barry M. Tatel; Key & Tatel,
               on briefs), for appellant.

               K. Mike Fleenor, Jr. (T. Rodman Layman; Crowell,
               Nuckols, Layman & Aust, on brief), for appellee.

        Gerald Leonard Cummings (husband) appeals from equitable

distribution-related awards made in favor of Pamela Kay Greenwood

Cummings (wife) by the Circuit Court of Roanoke County (trial

court) following the entry of a divorce decree entered on May 5,

1993.       The parties married on June 10, 1989 and separated two

years later on June 19, 1991.       On July 30, 1991, husband filed a

bill of complaint charging that wife constructively deserted him

on June 19, 1991.      Wife denied the charge and filed a cross-bill

challenging, among other things, the validity of an antenuptial

agreement they had executed.

        On May 5, 1993, the court granted wife a decree of divorce

on the ground of desertion.       That decree specifically reserved

other issues for future determination, including equitable
        *
      Pursuant to Code § 17-116.010 this opinion is not
designated for publication.
distribution.   In this appeal, husband does not contest the

decree awarding the divorce to wife.

     Pursuant to the order bifurcating the suit, a second trial

was conducted on the issues of the validity of the antenuptial

agreement, 1 maintenance and support, division of marital property

and the other matters pending between the parties.   Husband

appeals from marital awards made by the trial court, including an

award of attorney's fees.   Wife cross-appealed, asserting that

she is entitled to additional attorney's fees for defending this

appeal.
     The controversy primarily concerns three pieces of real

property known as Club Lane (Club), Peregrine Crest (Peregrine),

and Stanley Avenue (Stanley).   Club and Peregrine were owned

solely by husband prior to the marriage.   Stanley was acquired

during the parties' marriage.

     On December 1, 1994, the trial court entered a decree making

the following findings and awards:

     1.   That during the marriage wife made significant personal

efforts toward improving all three properties which increased

their value.

     2.   That wife's efforts were greater than husband's;

therefore, "she is credited with ninety percent (90%) of the

[appreciation in] value of" Peregrine and Club.
     1
      The issue of the validity of the antenuptial agreement was
tried and by order entered June 28, 1994, the court declared the
contract valid. That decision is not contested in this appeal.

                                - 2 -
        3.    That the value of Peregrine and Club increased $100,000

and $25,000, respectively.

        4.    That wife's share from Stanley, being a subject of an

antenuptial agreement, is $9,300.

        5.    That wife's gross ninety percent award of equitable

distribution is $121,800.

        The court then reduced this award by the following sums:

        (a)   $4,400, received by wife from the sale of a Steinway

piano;
        (b)   $5,860, real estate commission received by wife;

        (c)   $15,000, awarded wife in an order entered November 12,

1991.    That order does not state the reason for the award but

does indicate that it shall be "an offset" against any equitable

distribution award; and

        (d)   $1,000, sum paid by husband to satisfy a debt of wife.

After deducting the above sums from the $121,800 award, the

decree found the final net sum husband was to pay to wife "to be

ninety-five thousand, five hundred forty ($95,540)" plus $35,000

for attorney's fees.
                              I. Peregrine

        Husband held Peregrine as investment property.    A house was

constructed on it and it was sold to an owner who was unable to

complete his obligation to husband.       Peregrine was reconveyed to

husband in the latter part of 1988, before the marriage, and

immediately listed for sale with Cumins & Co. (Cumins), real

                                  - 3 -
estate brokers.   At that time, wife was employed by Cumins.

     Peregrine needed extensive renovation and, prior to the

parties' marriage, wife agreed to supervise the renovation.    They

agreed that she would receive $20,000 for her efforts.    She was

advanced $3,000 toward that fee when the project began.

     Wife conferred with a Roanoke contractor, Joel Schlanger.

Wife and Schlanger worked up specifications and eventually a

contract was signed by husband and Schlanger to renovate the

property to satisfy the subdivision standards.   The final

contract was for $88,646.06, which was paid to Schlanger by

husband on May 18, 1989.   Wife testified that the renovation of

the property was ongoing at the time of the parties' marriage,

and that she continued to oversee the renovation of the interior

for another six months after their marriage.   When the renovation

was completed, the now married parties moved into the Peregrine

Crest property in January or February of 1990.
     At trial, husband's appraiser testified that from June 10,

1989 to June 19, 1991 the Peregrine property had increased in

value $10,000, which amount was due to normal upkeep and market

changes.   Wife testified that her efforts had caused the value of

Peregrine to increase substantially more.   The trial court found

that the value of Peregrine increased $100,000 due to the marital

efforts of the parties.

     Husband contends that to the extent wife's efforts may have

increased the value of Peregrine, they were not marital but

                               - 4 -
rather were the services of a real estate agent that were fixed

by contract and, thus, were contractual obligations.   We agree.

Prior to their marriage the parties entered into a contract for

wife to supervise the renovation of Peregrine for which she was

to receive $20,000.   Part of that consideration was paid in

advance.   The parties' subsequent marriage did not void the terms

of their contract.    Wife was entitled to the fee of $20,000 and

no more from husband's separate property.   The trial court erred

when it found that wife was entitled to receive an award from

husband's separate property based upon the increased value

resulting from her "marital efforts."
                              II. Club

     Club, also, was the separate property of husband, acquired

in his sole name prior to his marriage.   When husband decided to

sell Club, wife agreed to act as general contractor for the

purpose of preparing the property for sale.   She would employ the

workmen, and husband would pay all costs related to the work.

Wife agreed that in payment for her contribution, she would

receive an exclusive listing through her broker, which would

entitle her to receive a commission when the property was sold.

     The cost of preparing Club was $17,000, all paid by husband.

Club was sold by contract dated January 18, 1990; however, the

closing was delayed until May 31, 1990, when the buyer paid

$295,000 to husband; wife was paid $5,900 as her commission.

Husband's appraiser testified that Club was valued at $295,000 on

                                - 5 -
the date of the parties' marriage and on January 18, 1990, which

was the price at which the property had sold.    Wife valued Club

at $153,000 before the $17,000 was spent to ready the house for

sale.    The court found that the value of Club increased $25,000

due to the marital efforts of the parties.

        The parties' exclusive listing was not dissolved by their

marriage and wife was paid the sum the agreement defined her

interest to be.    Wife's contributions to husband's separate

property were contractual, not marital.     The trial court erred

when it found that wife was entitled to receive an award based

upon the increase in value, if any, resulting from her marital

efforts.
                             III. Stanley

        In February 1990, at wife's suggestion, husband agreed to

buy Stanley for $159,500.    Wife was paid a commission of $3,400

for selling the property to husband.     There was some discussion

that the parties would live at Stanley after extensive

renovation, but, for differences of opinion and some objections,

that notion was abandoned.    Wife then employed an attorney to

prepare a contract setting forth their respective rights and

obligations on the Stanley project, which she and husband

executed.    The contract required that husband would furnish the

money to pay for the renovation, which was estimated to cost

$70,000, and that wife would be in charge of construction and

have the exclusive right to sell the property.    Upon the sale of

                                 - 6 -
the property, the contract provided that wife would receive any

amount received in excess of the principal amount of the home

equity line of credit on the house.    Husband deposited money into

a joint account with the agreement that wife would draw upon the

funds and keep account of actual costs by marking the checks for

the Stanley renovation.   At completion of the project, those

checks totaled $171,293; however, wife disputed the accuracy of

the audit, estimated the costs at $100,000, and testified that

husband agreed to pay whatever the improvements cost.
     The house was being offered for sale by wife pursuant to the

terms of their agreement when the separation of the parties

occurred on June 19, 1991.   Thereafter, husband filed for

divorce.   Under Code § 20-103, wife was permitted to use

Peregrine and husband moved to Stanley.   Husband then offered

Stanley for sale through Mastin Realty Company, whose agent, in

what the court declared to be an arm's length sale, found a buyer

for $240,000, which after commissions, netted husband

$226,841.39.   At the time of sale, the principal due on the home

equity line of credit was $230,700.    As a result of this sale and

the terms of the contract entered into prior to their separation,

we cannot say that the trial court erred when it awarded wife

$9,300 from the sum received by husband from the sale of Stanley.
                             IV. Waste

     Husband further contends that the trial court erred in

rejecting his allegations of waste.    In addition, he asserts that

                               - 7 -
the awards were made by the trial court as a form of punishment

to husband.   The decision of the trial court on the issue of

waste is within its discretion and we find no abuse in that

decision.   Nor do we find evidence in this record to support

husband's "punishment" assertion.    Husband has not sustained his

burden to support either allegation.
                         V. Attorney's Fees

     As the final argument was about to begin, the trial court

observed:
            You all haven't said one thing about asking
            for attorneys [sic] fees. You have presented
            nothing on attorneys [sic] fees.

Notwithstanding that little response was made to that

observation, the trial court ordered husband to pay wife $35,000

for attorney's fees.   Husband contends that this record does not

contain evidence to support that award.     We agree.   Although the

matter of attorney's fees is generally within the sound

discretion of the trial court, the record must justify the sum

awarded.    Westbrook v. Westbrook, 5 Va. App. 446, 458, 364 S.E.2d

523, 530 (1988) (citing Robertson v. Robertson, 215 Va. 425,

429-30, 211 S.E.2d 41, 45 (1975)).      While factors other than time

expended may be considered in awarding a fee, see McGinnis v.

McGinnis, 1 Va. App. 272, 277, 338 S.E.2d 159, 162 (1985),

without any evidence of the time expended, we find no support in

the record to justify requiring husband to pay $35,000 to wife as

attorney's fees.

                                - 8 -
     Because husband substantially prevails in this appeal,

wife's request for attorney's fees for the appeal is denied.
                          VI. Conclusion

     In summary, we hold that Peregrine and Club are separate

properties of husband and that wife is entitled to receive only

that compensation for which she contracted; that the judgment

relating to Stanley is affirmed subject to any offset that may be

applicable; that the trial court did not err in rejecting

husband's claim for waste; that husband has failed to show that

any decision adverse to his interest was made to punish him; that

the record fails to support the award of $35,000 in attorney's

fees in wife's favor; and that wife is not entitled to any award

of attorney's fees for services rendered on her behalf in this

appeal.
     Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed in

part, reversed in part and remanded.     Our judgment with respect

to the Peregrine, Club, and Stanley properties is final, and upon

remand the trial court shall enter an award in accordance

therewith, taking into consideration any and all appropriate

deductions.   Additionally, the trial court may deal with any and

all other matters necessary to a proper adjudication of the case.

                                       Affirmed in part,
                                       reversed in part and remanded.

                               - 9 -


There are also perforation blades to perf the material in the middle of the sealed area. Also sealing head that seals across the web and has a perforation in the middle of this sealed area. So, the machine can either use the 2 x unwind folding frames and run material through as per a side weld machine. What some people do is to run two webs of film on top of each other through the machine and use the four sealers (or as many as they need) to produce smaller bags where the main sealing head does the side weld, but the four sealers seal longitudinally. When the bags reach the delivery table the operator tears the bags apart prior to boxing them up.

Subject to unsold. Although believed to be correct, the machine specifications and lists supplied are based solely upon those provided by the original owners.


1. Field of the Invention
This invention pertains generally to electrical equipment for measuring and testing, and more specifically to the design of piezoelectric resonators and systems to utilize the acoustoelectric effect to measure electrical properties of a medium.
2. Description of the Related Art
Piezoelectric materials are materials which generate electricity when subjected to mechanical stress and, conversely, generate mechanical stress when a voltage is applied. There are many materials which are piezoelectric. These piezoelectric materials have found application in many diverse technologies, ranging from mechanical actuators and gas igniters to very precise timekeeping.
The uses for piezoelectric devices derive from the conversion of electricity to motion or vibration and, often, the reconversion of that motion back into electricity. For example, a precision clock oscillator will utilize a quartz crystal of very precise dimension and mass. Electrodes are formed on the surface of the crystal, and an electric field is applied. This stimulates a mechanical stress in the quartz.
If the applied voltage changes at or near the resonant frequency of the crystal, a sustained vibration may be generated in the quartz. At the resonant frequency of the quartz, which may be determined by cut angle, thickness, length, width and mass, an electrically alternating current may pass through the crystal with very little loss. Outside of this frequency, larger losses will occur in the alternating current as it is passed through the crystal.
The Q of a crystal is a measure of how narrow a band of frequencies is passed by the crystal with minimum attenuation relative to the resonant frequency of the crystal. Often the Q of a piezoelectric material will determine the useful application. For example, very low Q materials are capable of converting wide frequency bands to and from mechanical energy. These materials are often used as sonic transducers in applications such as in microphones or speakers. The low Q allows for many tones to be produced.
Other applications demand a great deal of precision, such as timekeeping. For these applications, a material with a very high Q is preferred, since only a very narrow band of frequencies may then be passed through the piezoelectric material. In these precision applications, the piezoelectric material is usually associated with an electronic oscillator circuit, where the oscillator circuit will be caused to oscillate at the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric material.
With modern manufacturing methods, precision crystals of quartz or similar very high Q material may be made to oscillate at a frequency which is accurate to within a few parts per million. As noted above, this frequency is dependent upon the type of material, mass and dimensions of the crystal resonator. During the production of the quartz resonators, layers of conductive electrode material are typically deposited to a precision of only a few atomic layers, since the resonators will be sensitive to changes in mass as small as this.
The characteristic sensitivity of high Q piezoelectric materials to changes in mass has led industry to a number of diverse applications. For example, a quartz resonator may be coated with an absorbent which is selective to a particular compound. The amount or concentration of that compound may be determined just by monitoring the change in resonant frequency of the quartz as the compound is absorbed. As more of the compound is absorbed, the mass of the vibrating structure is increased.
Similarly, amounts of material deposited in a vacuum deposition chamber may be very accurately monitored by including a quartz resonator in the deposition area. As more material is deposited upon a surface of the quartz resonator, the frequency of the quartz will also change, thereby indicating with great precision the thickness of the deposited layer.
Many other similar applications for precision resonators have been devised. For the purposes of this disclosure, these applications will be referred to herein as crystal microbalances. That is, the addition or subtraction of mass in the region of vibration of the piezoelectric material results in a change in the resonant frequency of vibration. Common applications for crystal microbalances include gas sensing, mass detection for very small masses, film thickness monitoring, microbe and similar biological sensing, and frequency control. Other more recent applications include viscosity and density detectors.
The use of mass or viscosity sensing limits the applicability of the very sensitive quartz resonator to those situations where a change of mass, density or viscosity may be expected or generated. The present inventors have sought to overcome the limitations of the prior art through the use of a new type of sensor which utilizes the acoustoelectric effect that is characteristic of piezoelectric materials. For the purposes of this disclosure, the acoustoelectric effect will be defined as an electrical interaction between a medium and a vibrating piezoelectric material, wherein the medium acts to electrically load the piezoelectric material proportionate to one or more electrical characteristics of the medium.
The acoustoelectric effect as defined herein was introduced by the present inventors and others in a paper entitled "Theory and Applications of Quartz Resonators as Sensors for Viscous Conductive Liquids," incorporated herein by reference. The sensor which formed the topic of that paper was neither reproducible nor sufficiently sensitive to form the resonator structure for a commercial sensor. Furthermore, the theory in that paper ignored the existence of the metal electrode in deriving the acoustoelectric effect.
Additional structures were attempted which addressed the issues of sensitivity and reproducibility. These sensors utilized a lithium niobate piezoelectric material of high piezoelectric coupling in an acoustic plate mode arrangement. The acoustic plate mode device propagates the wave from a first electrode, commonly referred to as an interdigital transducer or IDT, to a second IDT. The amount of acoustoelectric interaction present at the surface of the acoustic plate mode device affects the propagating properties of the wave through the device. By monitoring the time delay or phase change and attenuation, it is possible to determine through the acoustoelectric effect various electrical properties of the medium. For example, liquid properties such as conductivity, ion concentration and dielectric constant can be monitored with high sensitivity.
However, lithium niobate is a relatively expensive material which restricts the applicability of the device to those applications which will tolerate the increased cost. Moreover, lithium niobate is extremely sensitive to changes in ambient temperature. Although the high electromechanical coupling coefficient of lithium niobate allows sufficient sensitivity, the acoustic plate mode device utilizes the surface acoustic wave device structure which requires a more elaborate oscillator circuit. Acoustic plate mode quartz devices constructed similarly were found not to have sufficient sensitivity.
The present invention seeks to overcome the limitations of the prior art both in terms of cost and reproducibility. The present invention thereby provides a sensor which may be affordably mass produced while at the same time providing great sensitivity and reproducibility.


Prolonged preconditioning with natural honey against myocardial infarction injuries.
Potential protective effects of prolonged preconditioning with natural honey against myocardial infarction were investigated. Male Wistar rats were pre-treated with honey (1%, 2% and 4%) for 45 days then their hearts were isolated and mounted on a Langendorff apparatus and perfused with a modified Krebs-Henseleit solution during 30 min regional ischemia fallowed by 120 min reperfusion. Two important indexes of ischemia-induced damage (infarction size and arrhythmias) were determined by computerized planimetry and ECG analysis, respectively. Honey (1% and 2%) reduced infarct size from 23±3.1% (control) to 9.7±2.4 and 9.5±2.3%, respectively (P<0.001). At the ischemia, honey (1%) significantly reduced (P<0.05) the number and duration of ventricular tachycardia (VT). Honey (1% and 2%) also significantly decreased number of ventricular ectopic beats (VEBs). In addition, incidence and duration of reversible ventricular fibrillation (Rev VF) were lowered by honey 2% (P<0.05). During reperfusion, honey produced significant reduction in the incidences of VT, total and Rev VF, duration and number of VT. The results showed cardioprotective effects of prolonged pre-treatment of rats with honey following myocardial infarction. Maybe, the existence of antioxidants and energy sources (glucose and fructose) in honey composition and improvement of hemodynamic functions may involve in those protective effects.


Nursing care of the self-mutilating patient.
Self-mutilative behavior is common among patients with multiple personality and other dissociative disorders. Nursing staff members face particular challenges in managing these patients because one act of self-mutilation can disrupt the entire inpatient milieu. The authors present an approach to nursing care that focuses on working with patients to understand and develop a specific plan to curtail the self-mutilative behavior.


Monique Turenne Speaks Out

Convicted murderer Monique Turenne says she had nothing to do with the death of her husband. Friday a Bay County jury found her guilty of second degree murder in the beating death of her husband, Canadian Air Force Major David Turenne. She says the jury is wrong.

Monique Turenne didn't testify in the trial, and she has never spoken publicly about her husband's death or her trial until now. Saturday night she told Newschannel 7 a different story than the one heard in her trial.

She says double lives caught up with her husband David the night he was killed by a man she says she had no intimate relationship with Ralph Crompton.

"The crush, that is so lame," says Turenne. "He was going into business with my husband. David was into extracurricular affairs." Turenne says it was not a legitimate operation. "Not at all." Turenne says Ralph and David were fighting over a business venture. "There was a business venture involved, and there was also someone else involved with the name Diablo."

That story never came out during her trial. What did come up were incriminating statements she made to Canadian authorities. Hours of questions and answers condensed into a small report she signed.

"There was no statement. If there was anything, there was one handwritten thing that they made it and that's where all those inconsistencies are," says Turenne. “I signed it because they told me if I didn't sign they were going to lock me up. I was not going to go to the funeral. I was going to be staying put."

It took two hours for the jury to find Turenne guilty of second degree murder in the death of her husband. During much of the trial, Turenne says she disagreed with her lawyer's strategy.

"We weren't able to bring forth the testimony from the Crompton trial. I was floored when all of a sudden he's (Turenne's attorney, Walter Smith) not bringing that forth and why not? It's like, I'm sorry Walter, but I don't think you did the job. You really didn't do the job. Yeah, it's a great case for appeals, but I'm not home with my kids right now."

Turenne wishes she would have testified. "I would have pushed it because he (Smith) says reasonable doubt. That's it. We don't need to go to this or that, reasonable doubt. There's so many loopholes."

Turenne had also hoped Crompton would testify but he refused once he got on the witness stand. She now faces a sentence of up to life in prison but she says she plans to appeal the verdict. Sentencing for is scheduled for August 2. Prosecutors say she will most likely have to serve 20 years in prison.

Online Public Information File

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// Copyright 2019 The Ebiten Authors
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

// +build example jsgo

package main

import (
	"image/color"
	"log"
	"math/rand"
	"time"

	"github.com/hajimehoshi/ebiten"
)

const (
	screenWidth  = 100
	screenHeight = 50
	screenSize   = screenWidth * screenHeight
)

var (
	pixels      = make([]byte, screenSize*4)
	firePalette = []color.RGBA{
		{R: 7, G: 7, B: 7, A: 255},       //  0
		{R: 31, G: 7, B: 7, A: 255},      //  1
		{R: 47, G: 15, B: 7, A: 255},     //  2
		{R: 71, G: 15, B: 7, A: 255},     //  3
		{R: 87, G: 23, B: 7, A: 255},     //  4
		{R: 103, G: 31, B: 7, A: 255},    //  5
		{R: 119, G: 31, B: 7, A: 255},    //  6
		{R: 143, G: 39, B: 7, A: 255},    //  7
		{R: 159, G: 47, B: 7, A: 255},    //  8
		{R: 175, G: 63, B: 7, A: 255},    //  9
		{R: 191, G: 71, B: 7, A: 255},    // 10
		{R: 199, G: 71, B: 7, A: 255},    // 11
		{R: 223, G: 79, B: 7, A: 255},    // 12
		{R: 223, G: 87, B: 7, A: 255},    // 13
		{R: 223, G: 87, B: 7, A: 255},    // 14
		{R: 215, G: 95, B: 7, A: 255},    // 15
		{R: 215, G: 95, B: 7, A: 255},    // 16
		{R: 215, G: 103, B: 15, A: 255},  // 17
		{R: 207, G: 111, B: 15, A: 255},  // 18
		{R: 207, G: 119, B: 15, A: 255},  // 19
		{R: 207, G: 127, B: 15, A: 255},  // 20
		{R: 207, G: 135, B: 23, A: 255},  // 21
		{R: 199, G: 135, B: 23, A: 255},  // 22
		{R: 199, G: 143, B: 23, A: 255},  // 23
		{R: 199, G: 151, B: 31, A: 255},  // 24
		{R: 191, G: 159, B: 31, A: 255},  // 25
		{R: 191, G: 159, B: 31, A: 255},  // 26
		{R: 191, G: 167, B: 39, A: 255},  // 27
		{R: 191, G: 167, B: 39, A: 255},  // 28
		{R: 191, G: 175, B: 47, A: 255},  // 29
		{R: 183, G: 175, B: 47, A: 255},  // 30
		{R: 183, G: 183, B: 47, A: 255},  // 31
		{R: 183, G: 183, B: 55, A: 255},  // 32
		{R: 207, G: 207, B: 111, A: 255}, // 33
		{R: 223, G: 223, B: 159, A: 255}, // 34
		{R: 239, G: 239, B: 199, A: 255}, // 35
		{R: 255, G: 255, B: 255, A: 255}, // 36
	}
)

type Game struct {
	firePixels []byte
}

func NewGame() *Game {
	firePixels := make([]byte, screenSize)
	for i := screenSize - screenWidth; i < screenSize; i++ {
		firePixels[i] = 36
	}
	return &Game{
		firePixels: firePixels,
	}
}

func (g *Game) updateFirePixels() {
	for i := 0; i < screenWidth; i++ {
		for j := 0; j < screenHeight; j++ {
			idx := i + (screenWidth * j)
			g.updateFireIntensityPerPixel(idx)
		}
	}
}

func (g *Game) updateFireIntensityPerPixel(currentPixelIndex int) {
	below := currentPixelIndex + screenWidth
	if below >= screenSize {
		return
	}

	d := rand.Intn(3)
	newI := int(g.firePixels[below]) - d
	if newI < 0 {
		newI = 0
	}

	if currentPixelIndex-d < 0 {
		return
	}
	g.firePixels[currentPixelIndex-d] = byte(newI)
}

func (g *Game) renderFire() {
	for i, v := range g.firePixels {
		p := firePalette[v]
		pixels[i*4] = p.R
		pixels[i*4+1] = p.G
		pixels[i*4+2] = p.B
		pixels[i*4+3] = p.A
	}
}

func (g *Game) Update(screen *ebiten.Image) error {
	g.updateFirePixels()
	return nil
}

func (g *Game) Draw(screen *ebiten.Image) {
	g.renderFire()
	screen.ReplacePixels(pixels)
}

func (g *Game) Layout(outsideWidth, outsideHeight int) (int, int) {
	return screenWidth, screenHeight
}

func main() {
	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())

	ebiten.SetWindowSize(screenWidth*6, screenHeight*6)
	ebiten.SetWindowTitle("Doom Fire (Ebiten Demo)")
	if err := ebiten.RunGame(NewGame()); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}


cnxps.cmd.push(function () { cnxps({ playerId: '36af7c51-0caf-4741-9824-2c941fc6c17b' }).render('4c4d856e0e6f4e3d808bbc1715e132f6'); });

The words “I want Jexit” were spray painted in bright yellow outside of two businesses in northeast Washington, DC.One of the businesses targeted on Friday was an auto shop called Shalom Tire and Auto Repair.Jexit is believed to stand for Jews Exit, a play on Brexit, which stands for Britain’s exiting the European Union.In December, the slogan was painted on a wall of the American Federation of Teachers headquarters located in the District of Columbia, according to the Washington Post, and the group, which has a Jewish president, called it antisemitic. Washington, D.C. police said they have been discussing the graffiti with groups knowledgeable about hate crimes, including the Anti-Defamation League, the Post reported. The police have also discussed it with leaders of the local Jewish community but note that there is no consensus on whether or not it is antisemitic.The term has been used on antisemitic websites as a slur, the Jewish Journal reported.


Morphological behaviour and metabolic capacity of cryopreserved human primary hepatocytes cultivated in a perfused multiwell device.
1. The quantitative prediction of the pharmacokinetic parameters of a drug from data obtained using human in vitro systems remains a significant challenge i.e. prediction of metabolic clearance in humans and estimation of the relative contribution of enzymes involved in the clearance. This has become particularly problematic for low turnover compounds. 2. Having human hepatocytes with stable cellular function over several days that adequately mimic the complexity of the physiological environment would be a major advance. Thus, we evaluated human hepatocytes, maintained in culture during 7 days in the microfluidic LiverChip™ system, in terms of morphological appearance, relative mRNA expression of phase I and II enzymes and transporters as a function of time, and metabolic capacity using probe substrates. 3. The results showed that mRNA levels of the major genes for enzymes involved in drug metabolism were well-maintained over a 7-day period of culture. Furthermore, after 4 days of culture, in the Liverchip™ device, human hepatocytes exhibited higher or similar CYPs activities compared to 1 day of culture in 2D-static conditions. 4. The functional data were supported by light/electron microscopies and immunohistochemistry showing viable tissue structure and well-differentiated human hepatocytes: presence of cell junctions, glycogen storage, and bile canaliculi.


Quartz crystal microbalance bioaffinity sensor for rapid identification of glycosyldisulfide lectin inhibitors from a dynamic combinatorial library.
Carbohydrate-lectin interactions were probed with dynamic combinatorial libraries, using the plant lectin Concanavalin A as target species. The dynamic combinatorial libraries were generated from a pool of thiol components through reversible thiol-disulfide interchange, and screened using a simple and efficient method based on a quartz crystal microbalance setup. It was found that dimers based on 1-thio- and 6-thio-mannose analogues were the most active inhibitors. Furthermore, the results clearly show that the 6-thio-mannose possess unique characteristics compared to its oxygen-containing counterpart.


- 3*j - 1. Suppose 4 = -4*i, -9 = u + i - 3. What is u*y(h) - 3*l(h)?
-5*h**2 + 2
Let b(w) = 60*w + 1. Let f(l) = -61*l - 1. Calculate 4*b(k) + 5*f(k).
-65*k - 1
Let g(q) = 3*q - 6. Let n = 1380 + -1369. Let w(v) = v - 2. Calculate n*w(f) - 4*g(f).
-f + 2
Let g(b) = -3*b**2 - 2. Let a(q) = 3*q**2 + 2. Let w(u) = -6*u - 20. Let z be w(-4). Determine z*g(k) + 3*a(k).
-3*k**2 - 2
Let b(l) = 9*l + 349. Let q(r) = -22*r - 872. Give -12*b(f) - 5*q(f).
2*f + 172
Let m(y) be the second derivative of y**3 + 3*y**2 + 343*y. Let u(q) = -q - 1. Suppose 0 = 4*i - 11 - 13. Let c be (9 - 3)/(i/8). Determine c*u(d) + m(d).
-2*d - 2
Let a be (-24)/(-18) - (-6)/9. Suppose 19 = a*n + 3*m + 2*m, n + 23 = 4*m. Let v(h) = -h**2 + 2. Let c(o) = -o**2. What is n*c(p) + v(p)?
2*p**2 + 2
Let r(b) = 119*b - 6. Let v(n) = 12969*n - 655. Determine -655*r(j) + 6*v(j).
-131*j
Let v(j) = -111*j**3 - 21*j - 21. Suppose -6 = -2*x, 4*o + 15*x - 12*x = 17. Let d(n) = -11*n**3 - 2*n - 2. What is o*v(u) - 21*d(u)?
9*u**3
Let r(d) = -2*d + 11. Let l(q) = 276*q - 21 - 135*q - 137*q. Calculate -6*l(n) - 11*r(n).
-2*n + 5
Suppose -3*u = u - 20. Let i = 3 - u. Let j(m) = m + 1. Let x(c) = c + 2. Suppose 4*q = -0*a - 2*a + 6, -q + 2*a - 1 = 0. Give i*j(h) + q*x(h).
-h
Let s(d) = -d. Let b be 6/(-9)*3*(-1)/(-2). Let j(p) be the first derivative of -3*p**2 - 1. Determine b*j(z) + 4*s(z).
2*z
Let r(s) = 521*s - 4. Let f(w) = -203711*w + 1563. Calculate 4*f(i) + 1563*r(i).
-521*i
Let p(x) = x**2 - 3*x. Let b(m) = -m**3 - m**2 - 94*m + 2. Calculate -b(q) - p(q).
q**3 + 97*q - 2
Let x(y) = -1623*y**2 + 4*y - 4. Let i(l) = 3245*l**2 - 7*l + 7. What is -4*i(b) - 7*x(b)?
-1619*b**2
Let y(t) = t. Let m(h) = h**2 - h + 2. Let i be m(-2). Let v(d) = 16*d - 32*d + i*d + 12*d. Suppose w + 3*w - 4 = 4*q, -w - 7 = 3*q. Determine w*y(k) + v(k).
3*k
Let v be (-26)/((-2912)/(-42)) + (-35)/(-8). Let d(k) = -7*k + 1. Let t(u) = -u + 1. Determine v*t(f) - d(f).
3*f + 3
Let n(b) = 12*b**2 - 22*b + 3. Let c(o) = -12*o**2 + 18*o - 3. Give 4*c(q) + 3*n(q).
-12*q**2 + 6*q - 3
Let b(i) = 9*i**3 + i**2 - 35*i + 30. Let u(o) = -3*o**3 + 13*o - 10. Determine -3*b(f) - 8*u(f).
-3*f**3 - 3*f**2 + f - 10
Let h(v) = 3*v**3 - 2*v**2 + 6*v. Let u(b) = 9*b**3 - 5*b**2 + 17*b. Let k(q) = -11*q - 63. Let m be k(-6). Give m*u(z) - 8*h(z).
3*z**3 + z**2 + 3*z
Let r(d) = -d**3 + 20*d**2 - 4*d - 2. Let l(p) = 2*p**3 - 20*p**2 + 5*p + 2. Give -2*l(i) - 3*r(i).
-i**3 - 20*i**2 + 2*i + 2
Let d(u) = 12*u + 2. Let g(o) = -13*o - 4. What is 3*d(f) + 2*g(f)?
10*f - 2
Let n(b) = -13*b + 7. Let r(v) = -37*v + 19. Give -8*n(x) + 3*r(x).
-7*x + 1
Let s(j) = -2*j**2 - 5*j + 12. Let i(q) = -3*q**2 - 4*q + 11. What is -4*i(x) + 3*s(x)?
6*x**2 + x - 8
Let o(k) = -10*k**2 - 3*k - 3. Let n = 10 + 20. Let t = n + -16. Let r(j) be the first derivative of j**3 + j**2/2 + j - 110. Calculate t*r(g) + 4*o(g).
2*g**2 + 2*g + 2
Let l(t) = 51 - 51 - 10*t + 0*t. Let k(p) = 230*p. What is 3*k(b) + 70*l(b)?
-10*b
Let f(r) = 54139 + 2*r**2 + 2*r - 54139 - 5*r. Let i(s) = -6*s**2 + 10*s. Give 7*f(g) + 2*i(g).
2*g**2 - g
Let g(n) = 760*n**3 - 5*n**2 + 5*n - 5. Let x(q) = -210518*q**3 + 1386*q**2 - 1386*q + 1386. Give -1386*g(k) - 5*x(k).
-770*k**3
Let m(v) = 80*v + 10. Let r(o) = 26*o + 4. Determine 3*m(f) - 8*r(f).
32*f - 2
Let z(m) be the first derivative of -7*m**2/2 - 7*m - 7. Let o(j) = 8*j + 8. What is -6*o(i) - 7*z(i)?
i + 1
Let c(z) be the first derivative of z**2/2 + 13*z - 241. Let i(p) = p + 1. Determine c(h) - 2*i(h).
-h + 11
Let d(f) be the first derivative of -f**2 + 0*f**3 + 0*f - 26 + 1/4*f**4. Let x(z) = 3*z. Give -3*d(o) - 2*x(o).
-3*o**3
Let q(u) be the second derivative of 4*u**3/3 - u**2/2 + 23*u. Let w(t) = t**2 + 4*t + 1. Let s be w(-5). Let i(o) = -o. Give s*i(z) + q(z).
2*z - 1
Let y(b) = -11*b - 28. Let k(p) = -11*p - 24. Calculate 4*k(j) - 3*y(j).
-11*j - 12
Let p(h) = -2*h**3 - 3*h**2 - 3. Let s(c) = 0*c + 0*c - 189 - 3*c**3 + 93 + 92 - 4*c**2. Suppose 0 = -2*m - 10 + 4. Calculate m*s(a) + 4*p(a).
a**3
Let h = 275 + -276. Let w(x) = -x**2 + x. Let g(f) = -3*f**2 + 4*f + 4. Give h*g(a) + 2*w(a).
a**2 - 2*a - 4
Let p(v) = 4*v + 3. Let r(o) = o + 1. Let s(q) = 2*p(q) - 6*r(q). Let b(t) = t. Determine 12*b(d) - s(d).
10*d
Let y(j) = 2*j + 7. Let x(l) = l**2 - l + 1. Suppose 10*q + 2 = 4*s + 13*q, 4*q = 2*s - 12. Determine s*x(b) + y(b).
2*b**2 + 9
Let f(p) = -26*p**2 - 20*p - 11. Let n(b) = -2*b - 5*b + 863 - 9*b**2 - 867 + 0*b. Calculate -6*f(s) + 17*n(s).
3*s**2 + s - 2
Let g(k) = 4*k**2 + 4*k - 4. Let a(t) = -5*t**2 - 3*t + 3. Suppose -24 = -20*v + 26*v. Calculate v*a(n) - 3*g(n).
8*n**2
Let c(i) = -13*i**3 + 11*i**2 + 7. Let p(k) = -7*k**3 + 6*k**2 + 4. Suppose 100 + 8 = 18*v. What is v*c(w) - 11*p(w)?
-w**3 - 2
Let r be (10/(-30))/((-1)/9). Let c(f) = -19*f**3 + 7*f**2 + 7. Let i(w) = -9*w**3 + 3*w**2 + 3. Give r*c(n) - 7*i(n).
6*n**3
Let t(b) = -173*b**3 + 3*b**2 - 3*b. Let h(y) = 4845*y**3 - 85*y**2 + 85*y. What is -3*h(o) - 85*t(o)?
170*o**3
Let l(u) = -4*u - 4. Let o(t) = 637*t - 4 - 1 - 8 - 650*t. Let f = -4 - -11. What is f*l(a) - 2*o(a)?
-2*a - 2
Let t be (-1 + 2)*(2 - -9). Let b(x) = 11 + 4*x - t. Let g(y) = -2*y + 3 + y - 3. Give 2*b(u) + 6*g(u).
2*u
Let p(m) = -10*m + 165. Let d(q) = 54*q - 823. Determine 2*d(l) + 11*p(l).
-2*l + 169
Let z(v) = 215*v**2 - 11*v + 17. Let a(c) = -72*c**2 + 4*c - 6. What is -17*a(k) - 6*z(k)?
-66*k**2 - 2*k
Let d(m) = 12*m**2 - 2*m - 14. Let q(y) be the second derivative of 45*y - 1/3*y**4 + 5/2*y**2 + 0 + 1/6*y**3. Calculate -3*d(p) - 8*q(p).
-4*p**2 - 2*p + 2
Let z(a) = 3*a**3 - 5*a + 6. Suppose 7*v + 42 = -0. Let t(x) = 0*x**3 + 50*x**2 + 3*x**3 + 7 - 6*x - 50*x**2. What is v*z(w) + 5*t(w)?
-3*w**3 - 1
Let y(x) = 1. Let z(s) = 4*s - 5*s - 8 + 2*s. Suppose 0 = -5*h - o + 26, 18 = 2*h + o + 10. Give h*y(d) + z(d).
d - 2
Let s(j) be the first derivative of 2*j**3/3 - 3*j**2/2 - 1. Let o(x) = -4*x**2 + 5*x - 1. Suppose -56*w = 186 + 94. What is w*s(i) - 3*o(i)?
2*i**2 + 3
Let i = 20 - 6. Let d(s) = -5*s + 5. Let y(q) = -24*q + 24. Suppose -a + 2 + 18 = 5*z, -a = 2*z - 17. Let t be -5 - (-3)/(a/10). What is i*d(u) + t*y(u)?
2*u - 2
Let y(q) = 23*q + 174 - 177 - 22*q. Let u(n) = -n. What is -2*u(a) - y(a)?
a + 3
Suppose a = 4*a + d - 31, 2*d = 2. Let c be (-6 - (-62)/a) + (-82)/10. Let w(b) = -4*b**2 + 8*b - 8. Let h(i) = -i**2 + 3*i - 3. Determine c*h(k) + 3*w(k).
-4*k**2
Let a be 2 + (-9 + 1)/(-2). Suppose 0 = a*s - s - 80. Suppose 178 = 10*o + 148. Let i(z) = 6*z. Let k(v) = -v. Calculate o*i(b) + s*k(b).
2*b
Let v(x) = -x**2 - 6*x - 3. Let h(b) = b**2 + 7*b + 4. Give -3*h(p) - 4*v(p).
p**2 + 3*p
Let w(q) = -q**2 + q - 2. Let i(x) = -24*x**2 + 4*x - 7. Calculate -i(b) + 3*w(b).
21*b**2 - b + 1
Let n(r) = -8*r**2 - 4*r - 11. Let h(t) = t**2 + t - 3. Calculate 6*h(d) + n(d).
-2*d**2 + 2*d - 29
Let u(x) = 116*x**2 + 6*x - 8. Let m(r) = 39*r**2 + 2*r - 3. Calculate -8*m(d) + 3*u(d).
36*d**2 + 2*d
Let u(t) = -t**2 + 5*t + 2. Suppose 8 - 16 = -2*r. Let h(f) = 0*f**2 - f**2 + r*f - 392 + 393. Give -4*h(l) + 3*u(l).
l**2 - l + 2
Let k(v) = 9*v + 4. Let f(l) = l**2 + 9*l + 4. Give -2*f(g) + 3*k(g).
-2*g**2 + 9*g + 4
Let g(x) be the second derivative of -3*x**2/2 - 2*x. Suppose -16*z + 10*z = -24. Let f(b) = -z + 3 + 4 - 2 - b. What is 3*f(n) + g(n)?
-3*n
Let u(d) = -11*d**3 + 6*d**2 - 4*d + 4. Let w(i) = -32*i**3 + 17*i**2 - 11*i + 11. Let k(z) = -z**2 + 48*z - 146. Let m be k(45). Calculate m*u(y) + 4*w(y).
-7*y**3 + 2*y**2
Let m(g) = -611*g. Let x(n) = -n. What is -m(z) + 235*x(z)?
376*z
Let g(f) = -1 + 0*f - f**2 + 0 + 4*f. Let k(m) = m**2 - 2*m. Suppose 0 = -13*d + 39 - 0. Calculate d*g(r) + 5*k(r).
2*r**2 + 2*r - 3
Let b(j) = j - 1. Let q(x) = 3*x + 17. Determine 4*b(a) + q(a).
7*a + 13
Let n = 298 - 296. Let q(x) = -13*x**2 + 5*x + 8. Let f(g) = -3*g**2 + g + 2. What is n*q(s) - 9*f(s)?
s**2 + s - 2
Let y(a) = -780*a**2. Let o(k) = -130*k**2. Determine -13*o(q) + 2*y(q).
130*q**2
Let v(s) = -5*s**3 + 11*s**2 - 16*s + 11. Let m(o) = o**3 - 2*o**2 + 3*o - 2. Suppose 7*d - 3*c = 11*d - 73, 5*d = 3*c + 125. Determine d*m(b) + 4*v(b).
2*b**3 + 2*b
Let w(b) = 3*b**2 + 14*b + 9. Let r(v) = v**2 + 5*v + 3. Let n = -48 - -48. Suppose x + n + 3 = 0. Calculate x*w(c) + 8*r(c).
-c**2 - 2*c - 3
Let v(i)


BREAKING: Huge 7.3 magnitude earthquake hits Iraq near Iranian border

The city is located in northern Iraq, close the country's eastern border with Iran.
Some social media users in Israel, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have also reported feeling tremors.
The earthquake hit at 9:18pm local time at a depth of 33 kilometres.
Details on any casualties or damage remain unknown at this point.
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# encoding: utf-8
#
# Redmine - project management software
# Copyright (C) 2006-2009  Jean-Philippe Lang
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
# as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
# of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.

require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../../test_helper'

class SearchHelperTest < HelperTestCase
  include SearchHelper

  def test_highlight_single_token
    assert_equal 'This is a token.',
                 highlight_tokens('This is a token.', %w(token))
  end

  def test_highlight_multiple_tokens
    assert_equal 'This is a token and another token.',
                 highlight_tokens('This is a token and another token.', %w(token another))
  end

  def test_highlight_should_not_exceed_maximum_length
    s = (('1234567890' * 100) + ' token ') * 100
    r = highlight_tokens(s, %w(token))
    assert r.include?('token')
    assert r.length <= 1300
  end

  def test_highlight_multibyte
    s = ('й' * 200) + ' token ' + ('й' * 200)
    r = highlight_tokens(s, %w(token))
    assert_equal  ('й' * 45) + ' ... ' + ('й' * 44) + ' token ' + ('й' * 44) + ' ... ' + ('й' * 45), r
  end
end