Q:

Where Could I set the application name user see in home screen

Where Could I set the application name that user see in home screen, under the application icon.

A:

Add the following line to the InfoPlist.strings file:
CFBundleDisplayName = "My Great App";

The advantage of this method (as opposed to the entry in Info.plist) is that you can provide localized app name for several locales.

A:

Set "Bundle display name" in the Info.plist or your App settings file.


This is an archived article and the information in the article may be outdated. Please look at the time stamp on the story to see when it was last updated.

A man is accused of intoxicated driving and hit-and-run after he crashed a pickup truck into 10 parked cars in a Sylmar neighborhood on Wednesday evening, officials said.

The driver ultimately came to a stop at Norris Avenue and Polk Street, where the front wheels fell off the truck, officials said. Bystanders pulled the bloodied driver from the truck before handing him over to police.

Mary Beth McDade reports for the KTLA 5 News on Aug. 28, 2019.

34.303618 -118.454199


469 S.W.2d 572 (1971)
Gene CASTILLO, Appellant,
v.
The STATE of Texas, Appellee.
No. 44041.
Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
July 28, 1971.
*573 Richard D. Naylor, Pecos, James M. O'Leary, Odessa, for appellant.
Jim D. Vollers, State's Atty., Austin, for the State.

OPINION
DOUGLAS, Judge.
This appeal is from a conviction for felony theft. Two prior convictions were alleged for enhancement under Article 63, Vernon's Ann.P.C. The punishment was assessed by the jury at life.
The record reflects that on or about November 5, 1969, six or eight brass pump bowls valued at approximately eighty to one hundred dollars each were stolen from the premises of Baker Pump Company, Inc., in Pecos. Two of these bowls were purchased from the appellant by Raymond Cowan, a junk dealer, on November 6, 1969.
The appellant complains in his first ground of error that the trial court erred in overruling his motion for an instructed verdict. His motion alleged fatal variance because the proof at trial failed to show ownership of the property at the time of the offense in John Bardin as alleged in the indictment.
Where stolen property is owned by a corporation, it is proper and better practice to allege in the indictment that such property was taken from the custody and control of a natural person acting for the corporation. Osborne v. State, 93 Tex. Cr.R. 54, 245 S.W. 928. See Branch's Ann. P.C., 2nd ed., Sec. 2626. It is then necessary to prove this natural person is the special owner of the property; i. e., the person who exercised care, control and custody thereof. Morales v. State, 157 Tex.Cr.R. 142, 247 S.W.2d 249.
Article 21.08, Vernon's Ann.C.C. P., provides in part: "Where one person owns the property, and another person has the possession of the same, the ownership thereof may be alleged to be in either. * * *" Ownership must be established as of the date of the offense. Harris v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 471 S.W.2d 390. The record shows that John Bardin owned some forty-nine percent of the stock of Baker Pump Company Inc., on November 5, 1969, the time of the theft. He purchased the remaining shares on November 21, 1969. The record reflects, however, that John Bardin exercised care, control and custody of the property on and before November 5, 1969. On direct examination, Bardin testified, "On or about November the 5th, I had about six or eight *574 brass bowls stolen," and that he reported this to the Sheriff's office in Reeves County. He also testified that the theft was reported to him by "some of the other hands." Bardin further testified that the appellant worked for him in October but not when the articles were stolen. Bardin also testified that shortly after the theft he called all the employees of the company into his office, stating that if any one of them had taken the articles and admitted it he "would be lenient and wouldn't file charges." The record shows that Bardin was in a managerial position of the company and had custody and control of the stolen articles at the time of the theft, which is sufficient under Article 21.08, supra. Appellant's first ground of error is overruled.
In his second ground of error, appellant complains of the trial court's refusal to permit him to call an alibi witness in his behalf. A defendant has the right to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor. Article 1, Section 10, Constitution of the State of Texas, Vernon's Ann.St., Article 1.05, V.A.C.C.P. The record reflects no refusal by the trial court but, rather, that the trial court gave appellant every opportunity to locate and call the witness, even issuing a subpoena for her.
Appellant's counsel at trial submitted no alibi defense. Appellant complained of this, and the court granted him a hearing on an amended motion for new trial on April 3, 1970, and appointed new counsel to represent him in this matter. A subpoena was issued for the witness, and three hearings were held with other witnesses appearing. The motion was finally overruled on May 15, 1970, with the understanding that if appellant's counsel located the witness in question before the trial court lost jurisdiction it would be reopened. Appellant's counsel, who had the subpoena, returned it to the clerk of the trial court on August 17, 1970, and said he was unable to locate the witness. This Court took jurisdiction on March 17, 1971, and the record reflects no finding of the witness during this time span.
Finally, the testimony of witnesses at the hearings on the amended motion for new trial shows that testimony of the absent witness would not have aided appellant in any substantial manner nor produced a different result on another trial, Martinez v. State, 144 Tex.Cr.R. 143, 161 S.W.2d 75, because she would have testified to an alibi at a time other than that at which time the property was either stolen or sold. No error is shown in the court's overruling of the amended motion for a new trial.
Appellant's third ground of error challenges the sufficiency of the evidence claiming that the one witness pointing the finger of accusation at him was an accomplice witness without corroborating testimony. This was the witness Raymond Cowan, who purchased the stolen articles.
Article 38.14, V.A.C.C.P., provides:
"A conviction cannot be had upon the testimony of an accomplice unless corroborated by other evidence tending to connect the defendant with the offense committed; * * *."
Where the witness is an accomplice as a matter of law, the jury must be so instructed. Haines v. State, 134 Tex. Cr.R. 524, 116 S.W.2d 399. Where there is not enough evidence to support a charge against a witness as either principal, accomplice or accessory, he is not an accomplice witness as a matter of law. Devault v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 449 S.W.2d 235; Vela v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 373 S.W.2d 505. Appellant in the instant case only claims that the testimony of Raymond Cowan raises "the possibility that he was an accomplice to the crime in question" because he paid an inadequate price for the items. No claim or showing appears that the witness was an accomplice as a matter of law, and an inadequate price for the stolen articles is not enough to make the purchaser an accomplice as a matter of law. Wynn v. State, 154 Tex.Cr.R. 173, 225 S. *575 W.2d 414. If his contention is that the evidence is conflicting on the question of complicity and should have been submitted to the jury under Silba v. State, 161 Tex. Cr.R. 135, 275 S.W.2d 108, the matter is not before us for review since the appellant did not object to the court's charge or request a special charge as to the accomplice nature of Cowan's testimony as required by Articles 36.14 and 36.15, V.A.C.C.P. Jones v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 427 S.W.2d 616. Appellant's third ground of error is without merit.
No reversible error is shown. The judgment is affirmed.
ODOM, J., not participating.


Sky TV's Sarah Jane Mee Net worth, Salary and Career. She is still not in a relationship.

Sarah-Jane is a news anchor on Sky News during the week and fronts Sky Sports flagship Premier League show Saturday Night Football every weekend. Sarah is very much popular and multitalented presenter. She has also been listed on sexiest presenter on television and radio.

Sarah-Jane is known to be a versatile TV and a radio personality with a great talent. She looks very much comfortable being live on-screen and on the front line and has been working with Sky News for quite a long time. Moreover, she also hosts many live events too.

You many have heard about Sarah-Jane work history; but alongside with that, we have brought more about her. Know her net worth and her relationship status.

Sarah-Jane Net Worth

Sarah-Jane Mee started out as an unpaid runner at Sky Sports where her work included looking after guests, printing off scripts and getting breakfast orders for presenters. With her hard work and dedication, she has come a long way from being an unpaid runner to a producer, then a reporter and now a presenter.

It's been long since she has been associated with Sky Sports and family. Performing multiple tasks in high-profile sports channel, she definitely has high ranged salary with good net worth.

Apart from her SkySports career, she is also a renowned live event host. She hosts dinners and Q&A sessions for organizations like Google, Chance to Shine Charity, the League Manager's Association and Amnesty International.

Sarah Jane Mee also does hosting for awards ceremonies like the 'Inspirational Women Awards', activity for the 'ECB' or 'RFU' and launches the new OnePro Cycling team together by England wicketkeeper Matt Prior. She also covers sports events such as the 'Boodles Tennis Tournament' or on pitch presentations which also adds to her net worth.

Furthermore, Sarah Jane Mee is an ambassador for 'Virgin Active' gyms and advocates a healthy body image whatever size or shape that may be.

Sarah-Jane Mee Career

Source: celebritypicturesdvds

As being said she first started as a runner at Skysports. Later she moved to ITV where she became a regional sports reporter and a news anchor for ITV Central in the Midlands. She anchored for Central Soccer Night and Hancock's Half Times a regional sports show accompanying comedian Nick Hancock and also motoring programme Pulling Power.

Sarah-Jane Mee was also a part of ITV sports presenting team for the Boat Race in its first year. Sarah has also got her involved in radio from the year 2006 on Heart FM where she co- hosted the Midlands biggest breakfast show.

Later Sarah returned where she first began and hosted Football First a Sky Sports Premier League highlights show and was part of SKy's Champion's League coverage and the Saturday morning magazine show Cricket AM. Then, she got her chance to be on screen for the first time on Sky News presenting breakfast show Sunrise along with Eamonn Holmes and the afternoon political programme Boulton and Co with Adam Boulton.

Shortly, she became the regular line-up on Sky News solo anchor for daily breaking news live on TV. Some of her best works in Sky News includes flashing the news of 'Margaret Thatcher's death' in 2013, live coverage of '2015 General Election' and unfolding events of the 'Brussels terror attacks' in 2016.

Is Sarah-Jane Mee in a relationship?

Okay after a lot of talk about her professional life, let's discuss her personal life. Sarah-Jane Mee was born on 10th of July, 1978; which makes her 38 years old now. She is very beautiful and we bet her charismatic looks have attracted tons of males. It's truly unfair if we say that she is single, isn’t it?

Nevertheless, we can hardly find news related to love life of this lovely lady. Her personality is no doubt worth dying for and she also has a great sense of fashion. She is also a very fearless woman who took part in the TV documentary series 'Riding the Dales' which took novice cyclists from Zero to Tour de France in 5 months and has completed the first stage of the Tour de France.


Familiarize yourself with legal procedure, and these facts about My Cousin Vinny—the classic 1992 comedy in which a very green, fish-out-of-water lawyer defends two “yutes” mistakenly charged with murder in his first court case. (Warning: There's profanity in the clips below!)

1. THE MOVIE WAS INSPIRED BY AN ENCOUNTER WITH A GUY HOPING TO PASS THE BAR.

My Cousin Vinny

was one of the earliest ideas screenwriter Dale Launer ever had. “In the very early '70s, I met a guy who ... was waiting the bar exam results,” he told ABA Journal in 2012. Launer asked what would happen if he didn't pass, and the guy said he could just take it again, and if he didn't pass that time, he'd just take it again. And again. Until he passed. “So I said, 'What’s the most times somebody has taken and failed and finally passed?'” Launer recalled. “He said, 'Thirteen times.' ... I always thought that guy who took 13 times to pass the bar, or girl, is probably out there practicing law in some capacity. Now, how would you feel if suddenly you learned that guy is your lawyer? ... What if you have been accused of a crime and clearly, you have what appears to be the worst lawyer in the country?”

2. LAUNER TOOK A ROAD TRIP FOR SCRIPT RESEARCH.

According to the bio on his website, Launer set off on a road trip across the South for script research. He rented a car in New Orleans, then drove through Mississippi and Alabama and down the Gulf Coast. The trip provided plenty of inspiration for scenes that would eventually make it into the script: Launer’s car got stuck in the mud, every restaurant had grits on the menu, and he experienced the unearthly call of the screech owl. He even stopped to talk to the district attorney in Butler, who reminded him of Lane Smith; the actor was eventually cast in the role of Vinny’s DA.

Also a big inspiration: the attitude of the people he met along the way. Everyone “was very friendly and helpful,” according to the bio, “but when he told them he was making a movie that took place in the south—they'd get very concerned—afraid that Hollywood movies always made them look like bumpkins. That too [was] weaved into the story.”

3. ROBERT DE NIRO WAS LAUNER’S FIRST CHOICE TO PLAY VINNY GAMBINI.

Grant Lamos IV/Getty Images for the 2015 Tribeca Film Festival

After the script was written, a casting meeting was called and Launer met with Fox’s president, vice president, and CEO. When Launer suggested Robert De Niro for the part of Vincent LaGuardia Gambini, “the prez looked uncomfortable, embarrassed that I would suggest such an actor,” Launer told Writer Unboxed. “‘De Niro, uh … well … he’s not funny. And … his movies don’t make money.’ … Now ... the only movies De Niro acts in that make money? Comedies! So, I feel vindicated. But I wish I could’ve been given a big fat check when I [ended up] being proved right.”

4. DIRECTOR JONATHAN LYNN HAD NEVER SEEN THE KARATE KID WHEN HE CAST RALPH MACCHIO AS BILL GAMBINI.

“I was very eager to have Ralph Macchio in the movie,” Lynn said in the movie’s DVD commentary. “I must confess, I had never actually seen The Karate Kid. I watched him in a couple of videos that his agent sent and I thought he was just perfect for the part. … He’s very good in the movie.”

5. JOE PESCI BASED VINNY ON GUYS FROM HIS NEIGHBORHOOD.

“There’s a lot of people around like that in smaller neighborhoods, so I put a few of them together and [came] up with Vinny,” Pesci, who grew up in New Jersey, told The Movie Show in 1992.

6. THE STUDIO INITIALLY WANTED TO CUT MONA LISA VITO FROM THE FILM.

In 2007, Launer told Writer Unboxed that the studio had wanted to get rid of Vinny’s Chinese-food-loving, unemployed hairdresser/car expert girlfriend. To keep the character, Launer reluctantly added a scene, requested by the studio president, to the second draft: “He wanted Vinny’s girlfriend to complain that he’s not giving her enough attention,” Launer said. “You often see movies where some guy is hell bent on accomplishing something, and you’re on the ride with him—and his wife/girlfriend/mother is feeling neglected. And she complains. And I HATE this! ... Watching those scenes is simply boring. You want to fast forward it. Awful.”

Eventually, he said he “figured out a way where they’d HAVE to keep her and embellished her character ... she does complain, but at least apologizes for bringing it up, and you don’t hate her for bringing it up largely because it’s funny. ... Now, I thought if she brought this up at this point where he is simply going through hell—he should be pissed off. And he is. So he kinda tears into her.” Mona Lisa’s “biological clock” rant (above) became one of his favorite scenes in the script.

7. WILL SMITH WAS UP FOR THE ROLE OF STAN ROTHENSTEIN.

Mitchell Whitfield had just moved to Los Angeles from New York when he got word about the My Cousin Vinny auditions—which were taking place in New York. So he flew back to do the screen test. “Believe it or not, Will Smith was also up for the role,” Whitfield told Abnormal Use. “So, clearly, they didn’t know exactly which way they were going to go with the part. ... I think it could have been funny either way.” Whitfield ended up having to lose 25 pounds to play Stan.

8. THE STUDIO TOOK A CHANCE ON MARISA TOMEI.

Tomei didn’t have a lot of film experience when she landed the part of Mona Lisa Vito. “I’d seen her [on the set of Oscar] working with John Landis and [had] gone with [him] to the cutting room to look at her performance,” Lynn said in DVD commentary.” She was playing a 1920s blonde flapper, very different, but I could see how funny and talented she was. And we got her in to read. She read wonderfully and we persuaded the studio to let me go with this unknown actress in the role. It was the best decision I ever made.” Lynn said he knew they’d gotten the right actress for the part when he saw the dailies from the first scene they shot with her—Mona Lisa and Vinny’s arrival in Alabama, when she tells him, “Oh, yeah, you blend.”

9. TOMEI IS FROM BROOKLYN, BUT SHE DOESN’T SOUND LIKE HER CHARACTER.

Tomei grew up in the Flatbush section of Brooklyn, so “I really knew the neighborhood,” she told The New York Times in 1992. But that doesn’t mean she sounded just like Mona Lisa. “I don’t think that extreme, but I could be wrong,” she told NPR’s Fresh Air in 2010. “My mom was an English teacher, and she was on my butt about that kind of thing and correcting my speech from a young age.”

10. THE LEGAL SYSTEM IS PORTRAYED VERY ACCURATELY.

Lynn has a law degree from Cambridge University, and, he said in DVD commentary, “I get terribly irritated when I see films in which the legal procedure is obviously wrong.” In addition to Launer’s research, Lynn made adjustments to make sure the legal proceedings were correct. “I’m very pleased with the fact that, although this is heightened for comedic purposes, everything you see legally in this film could happen and is approximately correct,” he said. “Which, by the way, makes it the more frightening.” Lynn even sat in on a murder trial in the Monticello, Ga. courtroom that served as the inspiration for the Vinny courtroom set. “Some of the lines in the [Vinny trial] came directly from that trial,” he said, including Lane Smith’s pronunciation of heinous (“high-a-nus”) and his line about “our little old ancestors” in the opening remarks.

11. VINNY WAS SUPPOSED TO BE DYSLEXIC.

YouTube

In the original script, when Vinny is asked why it took him six times to pass the bar, he says, “I’m a little dyslexic.” Viewers would have experienced it themselves while watching Vinny attempt to read the huge book of Alabama Criminal Court procedure; Launer envisioned that the camera would show a close shot of a word jumbled up, gradually becoming less so until Vinny could read it—and the pattern would repeat itself as Vinny moved to the next word.

Ultimately, the idea got cut because Lynn “said he did not know how to portray dyslexia,” Launer told Abnormal Use. The screenwriter was very unhappy about the omission because it made Vinny seem “not so bright. You don’t know why it took him so long to get through the bar. And then suddenly he starts acting smart. What you have to do is make assumptions that he is actually a smart guy, and the law is just complicated and boring. And for some reason, he didn’t pay attention. ... I don’t know if there is any other conclusion than that.” In the final film, there’s no reason given for why it took Vinny six times to pass the bar.

12. ONE SCENE WAS LIFTED FROM A BOOK ABOUT COMEDY AND THE LAW.

The book featured real moments from actual courtrooms. Launer lifted the memorable voir dire scene of a potential juror for Vinny. The lawyers “ask them their opinion on capital punishment, and they said something like, ‘I think it should be left up to the victims' families,’” Launer told Abnormal Use. “Then they then described exactly what the murderer did, and then that the juror actually said, ‘Fry them.’ So I put that right in the movie.”

13. THEY SHOT IN AN ACTUAL PRISON ...

The cast and crew shot for several days in a state prison in Gainesville, Georgia, in the wing where prisoners are kept in solitary confinement. “It does have a death row, right beside the wing where we were shooting, and I looked all around death row,” Lynn said in DVD commentary. “It was a very frightening building, and we were all pretty scared when we were there, even though we had guards with us at all times.”

It took up to 40 minutes to get from the outside of the building to where they were shooting inside. Whitfield told Abnormal Use that “When Ralph and I were walking through the prison the first time like holding our blankets and walking to our cell and you hear the prisoners screaming at us. Those are real prisoners, and they really were yelling at us. ... They had to tone it down with what they put in the movie because they were saying some horrible stuff. Ralph and I were petrified.”

14. … AND THE MOVIE’S PRISON GUARDS AREN’T ACTORS.

The guards in the movie were real prison guards. The production used real prisoners as extras twice: once in the background when Stan and Bill are being brought into the prison, and during a short scene where the duo plays basketball during exercise time. “The prisoners were all extremely cooperative and did exactly what we asked,” Lynn said in DVD commentary. “I don’t know what incentives or threats were made in order to achieve that.”

15. THE SCENE WHERE VINNY AND STAN HAVE A MISUNDERSTANDING WAS CUT FROM THE SCRIPT.

The scene had appeared in the script Lynn initially read, but had been cut from the shooting script. Everyone agreed that it had to go back in, and it garnered some of the biggest laughs from audiences. The scene, of course, could never have really happened; any interaction between the accused and their lawyers would have to take place in an interview room—an issue the filmmakers discussed at length. Making it factually accurate, Lynn said, “would have meant losing that extremely funny scene, and we decided to bet that nobody noticed that it should have taken place in an interview room—and, in fact, nobody ever did.”

16. PESCI LEARNED HOW TO DO A CARD TRICK FOR THE FILM.

In the scene where Vinny is convincing Bill to let him represent him, Vinny does a card trick. “It was important to me that the card trick wasn’t faked,” Lynn said in DVD commentary. “Of course you can fake anything by cutting and showing another shot, but I talked about this to Joe before we started shooting, and he learned how to do this card trick. So the scene in which he does it does not have any cuts in it. He actually fools the audience before their very eyes. He did it beautifully. I thought Vinny’s argument would be much less powerful if the audience could say oh well that was just faked by the way the scene was cut.”

17. SCENES ABOUT BILL’S MOTHER WERE CUT.

In prep, someone at the studio pointed out what they thought was a big problem: What kind of Italian mother doesn’t come down to support her son when he’s on trial? “Well, that was a tough question, because the answer is, Mother ought to have been there,” Lynn said in DVD commentary. “But she would just have been a damn nuisance. The script was already long enough ... and we didn’t want to introduce another character who had no other plot function.” To compromise, the filmmakers added some scenes where, after Vinny comes down to Alabama, Bill’s mother has a heart attack. “We had Bill trying to keep in touch with mother in hospital and getting messages and there were a couple of scenes to do with mother’s heart attack; we never saw her,” Lynn said. “When we started putting the film together in the cutting room, it was just obvious that these scenes were going to be in the way of the momentum of the film. And we said, ‘Why don’t we just try leaving them out and see if anyone notices that mother never shows up?’ Nobody ever noticed. So we took those scenes out and saved between 5 and 10 minutes of stuff we really didn’t need.”

18. THE FILMMAKERS USED AN ACTUAL SCREECH OWL IN ONE MEMORABLE SCENE.

One of the film’s running gags is the fact that Vinny is always awakened by something—a steam whistle, noisy pigs, and, finally, a screech owl. Lynn and his team used an actual owl for the scene, “which was probably a ridiculous chance to take,” he said in DVD commentary. “People … think it’s a Muppet because its behavior was so perfect. It screeched, it looked back at Vinny, and then it looked back at the camera and screeched again. We got amazingly lucky with that screech owl.”

The owl’s screeches were added later. To get the bird to open his mouth at the right time, they used a trick: “We discovered that if you put a little bit of meat into its beak, it half swallows [it] and then, approximately three seconds later, opens its beak as the meat goes down,” Lynn said. “So we fed it a little bit of beef just before the camera starting turning so that for its first screech, which is added afterwards, his beak opened at the right moment. Everything else he did in that scene was pure luck, and we couldn’t believe our eyes when he reacted so perfectly, and of course we never shot it again.” The owl was basically a wild animal, Lynn said, though it had been trained a little bit: “He had heard a lot of gunfire in the previous weeks so that he wouldn’t get frightened by it.”

19. AUSTIN PENDLETON HAD EVERYONE IN STITCHES.

Director Jonathan Lynn cast his friend, Austin Pendleton—who, Lynn said, has a stutter in real life—in the role of the tongue-tied public defender. “I knew he would be really funny in that part,” Lynn told Abnormal Use. “But I really didn’t quite imagine just how funny. And I had to literally hide behind the camera. I normally sit by the camera. But I had to hide because I was laughing so hard. I had to somehow stop myself from making a sound, and I couldn’t let Austin be put off by seeing me … That’s the funniest moment I’ve had on any film I’ve ever made.” Whitfield agreed, telling Abnormal Use, “if you watch the movie and you see us at the table when he’s stuttering, and my shoulders are going up and down like I’m crying, I was laughing. I couldn’t help it.”

20. “YUTES” CAME FROM A REAL CONVERSATION.

The conversation between Vinny and Judge Chamberlain Haller about “two yutes” became “perhaps the most quoted piece of dialogue from the film,” Lynn said in DVD commentary. It was inspired by a conversation that Lynn and Pesci had when they were prepping the film at the Mayflower Hotel in New York City. “He said something about ‘these two yutes’ who were on trial and I said ‘what?’ and he said ‘what?’ and I said ‘what’s a yute?’” Lynn recalled. “I realized as we were having that conversation that that was something that ought to happen between Vinny and the judge, so I simply wrote it in the way it happened naturally.”

21. PESCI’S OSCAR ALMOST MADE A CAMEO.

The night before they shot the scene where Vinny sleeps like a baby during a prison riot after being held in contempt of court, Pesci had won the Oscar for Goodfellas. “He flew in from Los Angeles, and on the first take, when we panned to him, he was clutching the Oscar in his arms,” Lynn said in DVD commentary, laughing. “We sent that to the studio as the dailies.”

22. YOU CAN VISIT MANY LOCATIONS FROM THE MOVIE.

Though the film is set in Alabama, the production actually shot in three separate small towns in Georgia. “Apart from the courtroom,” which was a set, “virtually everything was shot on location,” director Jonathan Lynn said in Vinny’s DVD commentary. “It wasn’t a very expensive movie, and that was the cheaper way to go. It also had more authenticity.” Which means you can visit a number of the film’s locations—including the newly reopened Sac-O-Suds convenience store, where you can pick up a can of tuna. (Just make sure you pay for it!)

23. THE MOVIE WAS PRAISED BY THE LAW COMMUNITY.

“The movie is close to reality even in its details,” lawyer Maxwell S. Kennerly wrote on his blog, Trial and Litigation. “Part of why the film has such staying power among lawyers is because, unlike, say, A Few Good Men, everything that happens in the movie could happen—and often does happen—at trial.” Professor Alberto Bernabe of The John Marshall Law School, who hands his students a list of law movies organized by category, puts Vinny under “Education,” not just because “it provides so much material you can use in the classroom. For example, you can use the movie to discuss criminal procedure, courtroom decorum, professional responsibility, unethical behavior, the role of the judge in a trial, efficient cross-examination, the role of expert witnesses and effective trial advocacy.” The film has also been praised by a Seventh Circuit Court Judge; referenced by Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia; used to teach young lawyers at legal conferences; and made it into a legal textbook.

24. IT EARNED A SPOT ON THE AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION’S LIST OF GREATEST LEGAL MOVIES.

Coming in at number three, “The movie packs in cinema’s briefest opening argument ('Everything that guy just said is bulls**t'), its best-ever introduction to the rules of criminal procedure, and a case that hinges on properly introduced expert testimony regarding tire marks left by a 1964 Skylark and the optimal boiling time of grits,” the journal writes. Launer said the honor was “like getting the Oscar. In some ways, better.” Vincent Gambini came in at Number 12 on the association's list of Greatest Fictional Lawyers (Who Aren't Atticus Finch).

25. TOMEI FOUND OUT ABOUT HER OSCAR NOMINATION IN AN UNLIKELY PLACE.

Tomei was sleeping on a friend’s couch—a friend who was pregnant and due at any moment—when she found out about her Best Supporting Actress Oscar nomination. Her friends were watching TV, and “there were shouts from the other room, and they awoke me,” she told David Letterman in 1993. “I didn’t know if she was going into labor or what.” Tomei would go on to win the Oscar—and yes, despite the urban legend that 74-year-old presenter Jack Palance announced the wrong name, the actress really did win.

26. THERE COULD HAVE BEEN A SEQUEL.

In 2004, Lautner’s bio noted that “Joe wanted to do it, but Marisa didn't. Now she does, and so does Joe, but the studio isn't terribly interested in the remake, feeling too much time has passed since the initial release. Perhaps everyone who liked it has passed on. Or changed their minds. Launer hopes they will see the light.” According to Whitfield, the sequel might have involved Vinny going to Europe.

27. JOE PESCI MADE AN ALBUM AS VINNY GAMBINI.

Before he was an actor, Pesci was a lounge singer; six years after My Cousin Vinny came out, he released an album called Vincent LaGuardia Gambini Sings Just for You. It features the songs “Wise Guy,” “Take Your Love and Shove It,” “Yo Cousin Vinny,” and “I Can’t Give You Anything But Love,” a duet with Tomei as Mona Lisa. It debuted at Number 36 on the Billboard Heatseekers Chart.

28. THERE'S A BOLLYWOOD VERSION.

Banda yeh bindaas hai

("This Guy is Fearless") was directed by Ravi Chopra and starred Govinda, Lara Dutta, and Sushmita Sen. Chopra reached out to Fox in 2007 for approval to produce the remake, and was given permission to make a film loosely based on the original idea. But in May 2009, Fox sued Banda yeh bindaas hai's production company, B.R. Films, for $1.4 million, saying the remake had not been approved, and that a script review showed the film to be "a 'substantial reproduction' of the U.S. film" with an identical storyline, according to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. B.R. Films denied the claims, saying their version featured different characters and settings; the company eventually settled with Fox in August 2009, paying the studio $200,000.

29. PATRIOTS COACH BILL BELICHIK REFERENCED VINNY DURING DEFLATEGATE.

“I would not say that I am Mona Lisa Vito of the football world,” Belichik said when asked what he knew about football pressure. When she heard, Tomei texted Pesci. "We thought it was pretty funny," she told The Rich Eisen Show.

This post originally ran in 2015.


Career and Education Opportunities for Air Cargo Supervisors in Anchorage, Alaska

For those living in the Anchorage, Alaska area, there are many career and education opportunities for air cargo supervisors. About 100 people are currently employed as air cargo supervisors in Alaska. By 2016, this is expected to grow by 25% to 130 people employed. This is better than the nation as a whole, where employment opportunities for air cargo supervisors are expected to grow by about 7.2%. In general, air cargo supervisors direct ground crew in the loading, unloading, and staging of aircraft cargo or baggage.

Air cargo supervisors earn about $17 hourly or $37,110 per year on average in Alaska and about $19 per hour or $39,990 per year on average nationally. Air cargo supervisors earn less than people working in the category of Air generally in Alaska and less than people in the Air category nationally.

There are four schools of higher education in the Anchorage area, including two within twenty-five miles of Anchorage where you can get a degree to start your career as an air cargo supervisor. Given that the most common education level for air cargo supervisors is a high school diploma or GED, you can expect to spend only a short time studying to be an air cargo supervisor if you already have a high school diploma.

CAREER DESCRIPTION: Air Cargo Supervisor

Air Cargo Supervisor video from the State of New Jersey Dept. of Labor and Workforce Development

In general, air cargo supervisors direct ground crew in the loading, unloading, and staging of aircraft cargo or baggage. They also determine the quantity and orientation of cargo and compute aircraft center of gravity.

Air cargo supervisors direct ground crews in the loading and staging of aircraft cargo or baggage. They also distribute cargo in such a manner that space use is maximized. Finally, air cargo supervisors calculate load weights for different aircraft compartments, using charts and computers.

Every day, air cargo supervisors are expected to be able to lift, push and move large and heavy objects. They need to evaluate problems as they arise. It is also important that they articulate ideas and problems.

It is important for air cargo supervisors to decide on the quantity and orientation of cargo, and compute an aircraft's center of gravity. Somewhat less frequently, air cargo supervisors are also expected to distribute cargo in such a manner that space use is maximized.

Air cargo supervisors sometimes are asked to calculate load weights for different aircraft compartments, using charts and computers. They also have to be able to accompany aircraft as a member of the flight crew in order to track and handle cargo in flight And finally, they sometimes have to calculate load weights for different aircraft compartments, using charts and computers.

Like many other jobs, air cargo supervisors must be able to take change and lead and be reliable.

Similar jobs with educational opportunities in Anchorage include:

Air Traffic Controller. Control air traffic on and within vicinity of airport and movement of air traffic between altitude sectors and control centers according to established procedures and policies. Authorize, regulate, and control commercial airline flights according to government or company regulations to expedite and ensure flight safety.

Airline Pilot. Pilot and navigate the flight of multi-engine aircraft in regularly scheduled service for the transport of passengers and cargo. Requires Federal Air Transport rating and certification in specific aircraft type used.

EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES: Air Cargo Supervisor Training

University of Alaska Anchorage - Anchorage, AK

University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508. University of Alaska Anchorage is a large university located in Anchorage, Alaska. It is a public school with primarily 4-year or above programs. It has 16,649 students and an admission rate of 68%. University of Alaska Anchorage has an associate's degree and a bachelor's degree program in Aviation/Airway Management and Operations which graduated three and twenty-one students respectively in 2008.

Career Academy - Anchorage, AK

Career Academy, 1415 E Tudor Road, Anchorage, AK 99507-1033. Career Academy is a small school located in Anchorage, Alaska. It is a private for-profit school with primarily less-than 2-year programs and has 297 students. Career Academy has a less than one year program in Aviation/Airway Management and Operations which graduated eighteen students in 2008.

LOCATION INFORMATION: Anchorage, Alaska

Anchorage, Alaska photo by File Upload Bot

Anchorage is located in Anchorage Municipality County, Alaska. It has a population of over 279,243, which has grown by 7.3% in the past ten years. The cost of living index in Anchorage, 89, is well below the national average.

The top three industries for women in Anchorage are health care, educational services, and public administration. For men, it is construction, public administration, and accommodation and food services. The average travel time to work is about 20 minutes. More than 28.9% of Anchorage residents have a bachelor's degree, which is higher than the state average. The percentage of residents with a graduate degree, 10.2%, is higher than the state average.

Anchorage is home to the Chugach and the Black Bear Campground as well as Baxter Bog Park and Alaska Railroad Power Reserve. Visitors to Anchorage can choose from Courtyard Anchorage, Creekwood Inn and The Voyager Hotel for temporary stays in the area.


News
Last night, in advance of his brief stopover in Portland for a fundraising event at the Oregon Convention Center at noon today, President Barack Obama did not get on the phone with Willamette Week.Instead, Portlandia star and SNL's resident Obama impersonator Fred Armisen granted WW a brief but wide-ranging interview on the President's behalf. The interview touches on lonely Republicans, the case against ...
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At least one prominent Democratic politician looks to be coming through for the Prez’s efforts to stir up excitement (and money) from the Portland faithful. Gov. John Kitzhaber’s office has confirmed that he will indeed be speaking on Obama's behalf at the President's $500-$1,000 fundraising luncheon at noon today, at the Oregon Convention Center. No word yet on whether the Governor will be doing ...
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News
One of the longest running sagas in local political history—proponents' two-decade long quest for a "headquarters hotel" adjacent to the Oregon Convention Center—may have new life again.The Portland Development Commission budget released Jan. 31 by PDC director Bruce Warner in consultation with Mayor Sam Adams shows the agency will spend 32 percent less money next year overall—$144 million, ...
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It's the year before a presidential election, and supporters of bringing a presidential debate to Portland are trying again for 2012.Similar efforts have failed before. But project manager Mark Kirchmeier says debate organizers have met with officials at the Metropolitan Exposition Recreation Commission and Oregon Convention Center to discuss details on submitting an application to the U.S. Commission ...
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The man responsible for running some of the city's largest venues—the Oregon Convention Center, the Portland Center for the Performing Arts and the Expo Center—is in the crosshairs of Metro Council President David Bragdon, the man who approves his budget. But through an unusual governing structure, Bragdon lacks the authority to fire him. David Woolson is the Chief Executive Officer ...
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Metro Chief Operating Officer Michael Jordan has "regretfully" filed [PDF] a "formal notice of termination" with the group hired to develop a "headquarters hotel" adjacent to Metro's Oregon Convention Center. This notice on Tuesday formalizes what elected officials had already concluded. But like dandelions, kudzu and Freddy Krueger, the proposed hotel —which has been in some stage of ...
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If you are planning a wedding in the next year, then you have learned just how expensive the flowers for the wedding are going to be. There are a few things that you can do to cut down on the costs of this essential decoration while not taking anything away from your wedding. Ideas ranging from using dried flower petals to changing your venue slightly can save you hundreds or even thousands of dollars.

The first way to be able to save a large sum of money is to call all of your local flower shops and see if you can stop by once a day or even once a week to pick up any of their fallen flower petals. These petals dry very nicely and can be used for anything from the flowers that are placed on the path in the church, to the decorations in the form of baskets or potpourri. This is often a free alternative that will include amazing colors, textures, and smells. The possible uses of these dried petals are nearly endless, and limited only by your imagination.

The second way you can potentially save a good sum of money is to consider different venues that would not require extra flowers be purchased. Think for example, using someone’s backyard that is a superior green thumb. This will put you in the middle of a gorgeous backdrop that will have all of the floral decorations included. You could also look toward a park or other type of outdoor venues. You could have an outdoor wedding in the fall with the colors in the trees, or you could be outside in the snow during winter, with holiday lights being the main focus for decorations. Some people even consider using holidays as their venue so alternative decorations can take up the space. Think about how much fun you could have with everyone in costume for a Halloween wedding!

You can easily steer clear of hefty floral costs if you just use your imagination a bit and think outside of the box. There are alternatives out there that can make a wedding much less costly while still making it look spectacular. Just take the time to find out what alternatives you and your potential spouse are willing to use, and go from there. You might be surprised at what your imagination can come up with when you take saving money into account.


Ela Beach

Ela Beach, formerly known as Era Kone, meaning 'Turtle Beach' in the Motuan dialect of the Papuan region of Papua New Guinea, is Port Moresby's primary public beach.

With white sand stretching approximately 1 km long.

Located along the Ela Beach front are various recreational facilities such as basketball courts, beach volleyball courts, a boardwalk, a three-star hotel, two kiosks and an amphitheater.

Ela Beach is also the host venue for the annual Hiri-Moale Festival.

History
In the early 20th century, the beach was for whites only.

In 1964 a native hospital was operating at Ela Beach.

References

Category:Port Moresby


MLS® 10200040 is as 829sqft Apartment located at #301 654 Cook Road, in Kelowna British Columbia. The property features 2 bedrooms, and 2.00 bathrooms.

Description

RARE OFFERING AT PLAYA DEL SOL! 2 BEDROOM POOL DECK UNIT WITH 2 PARKING & STORAGE. This 2 bedroom/2 bathroom condo is on the highly sought after 3rd level and walks right out onto the pool deck entrance. Comfort and convenience is everything in this fully-furnished condo with in-suite laundry, 6 appliances, split bedrooms for privacy & plenty of space for entertaining. Enjoy your first cup of coffee or cook dinner on the large walk-out deck with a natural gas BBQ. Playa del Sol is the perfect Okanagan destination for you and your family. This development will make you feel like you're on vacation every day. Purchase as a vacation home or as an investment....the choice is up to you! (SHORT TERM RENTALS APPROVED BY STRATA AND CITY OF KELOWNA). Enjoy the on-site gym, steam room, 3rd level pool deck with hot tub and 6th floor owners' lounge with poker and pool tables! An easy walk to the beach, the Eldorado and all the amazing amenities & restaurants Lakeshore Drive has to offer! Call/text Your Playa Del Sol Specialists Kim Holmes for your own private tour at 778.215.9425 or Crista MacDermott, PREC* at 250-575-7999 | Royal LePage Kelowna | www.MacDermottHolmes.ca (id:6289)

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Urban Oasis In The Heart Of Kelowna! Waterscapes Living With Top Notch Amenities Including Outdoor Pool, Court Yard, Hot Tubs, Games Room, Fully Equipped Gym And Guest Rooms. This Location Can't Be Beat! Minutes To The Beach, Boardwalk, Ent
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Royal LePage Kelowna

Lower Mission Related Pages:

Request a showing of #301 654 Cook Road, a 2 bedroom, 2.00 bathroom Apartment in Lower Mission, Kelowna. Built in 2007 and approximately 829 square feet in size, MLS #10200040 is currently listed for $489,000. To schedule a property tour, contact us at KelownaHomes.ca Team.

The trademarks MLS®, Multiple Listing Service®, and the associated logos are owned by The
Canadian Real Estate Association (CREA) and identify the quality of services provided by
real estate professionals who are members of CREA. REALTOR®. Member of CREA and more.


Thank you!

The clip Caught in the Act Part 2 from Atonement (2007) with James McAvoy, Keira Knightley
My God, I'm so ...

The clip Caught in the Act Part 2 from Atonement (2007) with James McAvoy, Keira Knightley
My God, I'm so sorry. It was the wrong version.
Yes.
-It was never meant to be read. -No.
What was in the version I was meant to read?
I don't know. It was more formal. Less...
-Anatomical? -Yes.
It's been there for weeks, and then this morning by the fountain...
I've never done anything like that before.
And I was so angry with you, and with myself.
I thought if you went away to medical school, then I'd be happy, but...
I don't know how I could have been so ignorant about myself, so...
So stupid.
You do know what I'm talking about, don't you?
You knew before I did.
Why are you crying?
Don't you know?


Introduction
============

The outbreaks of avian influenza A (H5N1) in Southeast Asia, the increasing geographic distribution of this epizootic virus and its ability to transfer to humans and cause severe infection (i.e. pneumonia) have aroused serious concerns regarding the control measures that should be undertaken to curb a potential pandemic of the disease [@bib1], [@bib2], [@bib3]. In the wake of such a pandemic, several preventive and therapeutic strategies have been formulated [@bib1], the most prominent being the stockpiling of neuraminidase inhibitors -- in particular, oseltamivir (Tamiflu®).

The current avian H5N1 originated in 1997 in Hong Kong and has spread (through birds) to Southeast Asia and other countries, with occasional transmission to humans (∼200 human cases, more than half of which were fatal). Whether the current avian H5N1 will evolve further to cause a pandemic through either mutation of the current H5N1 virus ('antigenic drift') or reassortment of an avian influenza virus with a human (or other non-avian) influenza virus ('antigenic shift') [@bib4] is unpredictable at present.

We have recently reviewed the antiviral agents that are active against influenza viruses and that could be used, either therapeutically and/or prophylactically, in an influenza virus pandemic, whether it be human, avian, equine, porcine or other [@bib1]. Here, we address which strategies could be undertaken and which targets could be envisaged to combat avian H5N1 infections specifically.

The influenza virus replicative cycle
=====================================

The replicative cycles of human (H1N1, H2N2 and H3N2) and avian (H5N1) influenza viruses [@bib1], [@bib5] follow a similar 'scenario' [@bib1] ([Figure 1](#fig1){ref-type="fig"} ). After binding to sialic acid receptors, influenza virions are internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis. The low pH in the endosomes triggers the fusion of the viral and endosomal membranes, and the influx of H^+^ through the M2 channel releases the viral RNA genes in the cytoplasm ('uncoating'). Adamantane derivatives block this uncoating step. The RNA replication and transcription steps \[which require repeated cycles of (−)RNA ↔ (+)RNA polymerization reactions\] occur in the nucleus and can be blocked indirectly by inosine 5′ monophosphate (IMP) dehydrogenase inhibitors (e.g. ribavirin), which suppress the biosynthesis of GTP, or directly by RNA polymerase inhibitors (e.g. T705). The translation of viral mRNA to proteins could be prevented by interferon and small interfering (si)RNAs. Packaging and budding of virions occur at the cytoplasmic membrane, and neuraminidase inhibitors block the release of newly formed virions from the infected cells [@bib6].Figure 1The life cycle of the influenza virus. Shown are the targets of chemotherapeutic intervention. Anti-influenza-virus compounds fall into different classes according to their molecular target of interaction: neuraminidase inhibitors, M2 ion channel blockers (adamantanamine derivatives), IMP dehydrogenase inhibitors, interferon and siRNAs, and RNA polymerase (and endonuclease) inhibitors. Abbreviation: N, neuraminidase. Reproduced, with permission, from Ref. [@bib1].

Anti-influenza-virus compounds
==============================

The anti-influenza-virus compounds -- both those that are currently available as antiviral drugs and those that are still being developed -- can be divided into different classes according to their molecular target of interaction:(i)neuraminidase inhibitors (e.g. zanamivir, oseltamivir and peramivir);(ii)M2 ion channel blockers (e.g. amantadine and rimantadine);(iii)IMP dehydrogenase inhibitors (e.g. ribavirin and viramidine);(iv)interferon and siRNAs;(v)RNA polymerase (or endonuclease) inhibitors (e.g. T705 and flutimide).

Representative congeners belonging to classes (i), (ii), (iii) and (v) are shown in [Figure 2](#fig2){ref-type="fig"} .Figure 2Major classes of anti-influenza-virus compounds. Shown are typical examples of compounds for the different classes.

Neuraminidase inhibitors
------------------------

Whereas viral hemagglutinin (HA) is needed for the influenza virus to interact with its receptor bearing *N*-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA, sialic acid), viral neuraminidase, which cleaves NANA, enables the progeny virions to leave the infected cells and spread to other host cells. By blocking the release of virus particles, neuraminidase inhibitors prevent this spread of virus [@bib6], [@bib7].

Of the neuraminidase inhibitors, oseltamivir has received most attention as 'the' drug that should be stockpiled for therapeutic use in humans infected with avian flu. Given its ease of administration (orally, 75 mg twice daily for five days) and systemic availability, oseltamivir can certainly be recommended as the drug of choice to be used against H5N1. It should not be ignored, however, that the use of oseltamivir can lead to the development of resistance. Resistance to oseltamivir in clinical isolates of human influenza A has been associated with mutations at positions 119 (E119V), 152 (R152K), 198 (D198N), 274 (H274Y) and 292 (R292K) of the neuraminidase. In particular, the R292K mutation has been associated with resistance of the (human) influenza A virus to oseltamivir [@bib8].

Recently, resistance of H5N1 to oseltamivir was shown to be caused by the H274Y mutation. The patient from whom the oseltamivir-resistant H5N1 strain was isolated recovered from the disease, and the virus was found to be less pathogenic (in ferrets) than the parent strain [@bib9]. However, two other patients from whom the H274Y mutant H5N1 virus was isolated during oseltamivir treatment died from the infection [@bib10], indicating a possible association of this mutation with death.

Interestingly, probenecid was found to prevent the renal secretion of the parent compound of oseltamivir (an oral prodrug form), thus markedly increasing the systemic exposure of oseltamivir [@bib11]. Combining oseltamivir with probenecid might be an important therapeutic option in severely ill patients and might enable the use of the standard dose (75 mg twice daily) of oseltamivir, as currently recommended. From studies of the highly pathogenic A/Vietnam/1203/04 strain of H5N1 in mice [@bib12], it could be inferred that a prolonged oseltamivir regimen (i.e. eight- or ten-day, rather than five-day, treatment) and a higher dose (150 mg, instead of 75 mg, twice daily) might be required for the most beneficial antiviral effect. Alternatively, intravenous administration of oseltamivir might be considered a therapeutic option, particularly in severely ill patients.

The other currently available neuraminidase inhibitor is zanamivir, which must be administered through an inhalation device. There is low systemic availability of zanamivir following administration, including low drug levels in the lower respiratory tract (where most of the replication of current H5N1 viruses seems to take place) [@bib13]. However, zanamivir is active against the oseltamivir-resistant H5N1 H274Y variant. Although not yet demonstrated for avian influenza, neuraminidase-based resistance is more likely to develop against oseltamivir than against zanamivir [@bib14]. Combination of the two drugs might be considered if it is further corroborated that the resistance patterns of zanamivir and oseltamivir do not overlap. If needed urgently (e.g. in severely ill patients), zanamivir and oseltamivir should be administered parenterally (i.e. intramuscularly or intravenously) and, hence, the adequate formulations should be made available for this purpose.

Several other neuraminidase inhibitors such as peramivir (RWJ270201) and A315675 have been described [@bib15], [@bib16]. Interestingly, both peramivir and A315675 have proven to be effective against a panel of five zanamivir-resistant and six oseltamivir-resistant influenza A and B viruses [@bib17]; again, this indicates that resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors might not overlap. Also, the structure of the influenza A (H5N1) neuraminidase has recently been resolved [@bib18], which should help the rational design of inhibitors.

In initial clinical studies, oral administration of peramivir did not offer robust protection against infection with human influenza A virus [@bib19]; further studies with parenteral formulations of peramivir are warranted. Meanwhile, long-acting dimeric inhibitors of influenza virus neuraminidase have been developed, which offer the prospect of a new type of anti-influenza drug that could be administered as a once-weekly dose to prevent infection [@bib20].

M2 ion channel blockers
-----------------------

Do any antiviral agents other than neuraminidase inhibitors have potential in the control (prevention or therapy) of influenza A (H5N1) infections? The adamantane derivatives amantadine and rimantadine are specifically active against influenza A. They interfere with the viral uncoating process through a direct interaction with the matrix (M2) protein, which functions as a channel for hydrogen ions (protons). Amantadine and rimantadine, however, are notorious for rapidly leading to drug resistance, which compromises their potential usefulness, if used as single agents, in the treatment of H5N1 infections. This concern has been highlighted by recent data about adamantane resistance among influenza A (H3N2) viruses isolated in the USA [@bib21] and worldwide [@bib22].

Of concern with regard to the potential use of the adamantane derivatives against influenza A (H5N1) is that, of the two clades of currently circulating H5N1 viruses \[clade 1 (Vietnam, Thailand and Cambodia) and clade 2 (Indonesia)\], the whole of clade 1 is amantadine resistant, and drug resistance has also been noted in strains from clade 2 [@bib23], [@bib24].

Several new adamantane derivatives that are effective against influenza A (H3N2), such as 2-(1-adamantyl)-2-methylpyrrolidine [@bib25], have been synthesized; however, these compounds have not yet been evaluated for their activity against H5N1 viruses.

IMP dehydrogenase inhibitors
----------------------------

The broad-spectrum antiviral agent ribavirin has been used as an inhibitor of influenza A and B virus infections for \>30 years [@bib26]. Ribavirin is particularly active against (−)RNA viruses, including the orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses. The paramyxovirus respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the only (−)RNA virus infection for which ribavirin has been formally approved (as an aerosol). Although oral ribavirin has not been successful in the treatment of influenza A (H1N1) infection [@bib27], it is used, in combination with (injectable) pegylated α-interferon, to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Recently, viramidine -- the carboxamidine analogue of ribavirin -- was shown to have similar efficacy to ribavirin against influenza virus infections and, considering its lower toxicity, viramidine might warrant further evaluation as a possible therapy for influenza A virus, including H5N1, infections [@bib28].

Interferon and siRNAs
---------------------

Ironically, interferon was discovered, almost 50 years ago, with influenza virus as the inducer [@bib29]. In fact, Baron and Isaacs described the absence of interferon from the lungs in fatal cases of influenza [@bib30]. Since then, interferon and its use have come a long way, and pegylated α-interferon, in combination with ribavirin, has become the standard therapy for HCV infection. Therefore, extensive experience has been accumulated with this combination that could be readily implemented in the therapy of avian flu, for which the duration of treatment would be much shorter than for HCV. When using interferon for the prophylaxis or treatment of influenza, one should, however, take into account the fact that interferon alone might cause flu-like symptoms.

Based on the principle of RNA interference, siRNAs that are specific for highly conserved regions of the viral nucleoprotein or acidic polymerase have been found to protect mice against a lethal influenza virus (i.e. H5N1) challenge *in vivo* [@bib31]. Delivery systems compatible with human use have demonstrated the potential use of siRNAs for prophylaxis and therapy of influenza virus infections in humans [@bib32]. Similarly, siRNAs have proven to be a powerful new means with which to combat other respiratory virus infections such as those involving RSV and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) [@bib33], [@bib34].

RNA polymerase (or endonuclease) inhibitors
-------------------------------------------

More than ten years ago, 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoroguanosine was described as an inhibitor of influenza virus transcription, although it has not been studied further in this capacity [@bib35]. Also, a substituted pyrazine (T705) was reported that has potent *in vitro* activity against influenza A, B and C, and is more effective than oseltamivir at protecting mice that have been experimentally infected with influenza A/PR/8/34. T705 has not yet been evaluated against avian H5N1 but, considering its target of action, it can be assumed to be effective. This pyrazine is apparently recognized by cellular enzymes as a nucleobase and converted to the ribofuranosyl-5′-triphosphate metabolite, which -- in turn -- inhibits the viral polymerase [@bib36]. A polymerase inhibitor can be expected to have a resistance profile that does not overlap with those of the other known influenza virus inhibitors.

Another possibility for selectively inhibiting influenza virus replication is to target the cap-dependent endonuclease activity of the polymerase complex. In the mid-1990s, several inhibitors of influenza endonuclease (e.g. flutimide) were reported as selective inhibitors of influenza virus A and B replication, but they have not been developed further [@bib37]. In view of the need for additional anti-H5N1 drugs, it might seem mandatory to explore further the viral polymerase (and/or endonuclease) as an antiviral target.

Recently, new compounds such as thiadiazolo\[2,3-a\]pyrimidine and pyrimidinyl acylthiourea were reported to inhibit influenza A (H1N1) virus replication at a low (\<0.1 μM) concentration [@bib38]. However, the mechanism and target of action of these compounds have not been elucidated. In addition, a sialidase fusion protein \[DAS181 (fludase)\] has been reported that, at subnanomolar concentrations, inhibits both human and avian influenza virus replication [@bib39]. The potential of fludase in the (topical) treatment of influenza A virus infections remains to be established.

Drug combinations
=================

A plausible, but not yet proven, option for the prophylaxis or treatment of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection is the combination of pegylated interferon and ribavirin, which could be complemented with amantadine (or rimantadine). This triple-drug combination has shown efficacy in the treatment of HCV infection [@bib40] and might be worth exploring further for the treatment and/or prevention of influenza virus infections. Even if based only on the currently available drugs, there are several double-, triple- and quadruple-drug combinations that could be envisaged for the prevention and treatment of avian H5N1 ([Figure 3](#fig3){ref-type="fig"} ) -- including the combination of oseltamivir and zanamivir (because their resistance profiles overlap only partially), the combination of these neuraminidase inhibitors with M2 ion channel blockers, and further extension of these combinations to include pegylated interferon and ribavirin.Figure 3Potential double-, triple- and quadruple-drug combinations of currently available anti-influenza-virus compounds. Drug combination regimens are aimed at synergizing antiviral action, diminishing (toxic) side effects and/or reducing the risk of developing drug resistance.

The compounds shown in [Figure 3](#fig3){ref-type="fig"} are active against influenza through different mechanisms and might, when combined, synergize their antiviral action while reducing the risk of the emergence of drug-resistant virus variants.

New targets and approaches
==========================

In addition to viral RNA polymerase and/or endonuclease, mentioned earlier as potential targets for new anti-influenza-virus agents, there are some other clues regarding the virulence of H5N1 viruses in humans [@bib41] that could be considered as points of attack for chemotherapeutic intervention. First, the amino acid at position 627 in the viral polymerase protein PB2 is mutated from glutamic acid to lysine in H5N1 viruses, and this might represent an adaptation of H5N1 viruses for efficient replication in mammalian cells [@bib42]. Second, the HA of H5N1 viruses contains an unusual stretch of basic amino acids (RRRKKRG) that is cleaved by ubiquitous intracellular proteases (including furin). Recombinant H5N1 viruses that lack these basic amino acids are not virulent in mice [@bib40], [@bib43]. Third, the C-terminal domain of the non-structural protein NS1 of avian H5N1 viruses contains a sequence motif (ESEV/EPEV) that can be considered a virulence factor because it binds to human host proteins and disrupts their morphology and functioning [@bib44]. In ferrets, however, the C-terminal sequence is not required for the virulence of H5N1 viruses [@bib45]. Therefore, the role of the ESEV/EPEV motif and other molecular determinants of the virulence of H5N1 viruses must be explored further [@bib41].

Concluding remarks
==================

Several drugs are available that could be used, either alone or in combination, for the prophylaxis and treatment of an influenza A (H5N1) pandemic. This includes compounds that are already used against influenza A virus infections -- such as amantadine, rimantadine, zanamivir and oseltamivir -- in addition to compounds that are used for infections with other viruses, such as ribavirin and pegylated interferon, which are used to treat HCV. Attempts to design and develop further new antiviral drugs should be intensified, whether based on known molecular targets such as neuraminidase and/or the viral uncoating process or on relatively unexplored targets such as the viral endonuclease or the viral RNA polymerase, which, in principle, could be targeted by both nucleoside and non-nucleoside inhibitors. The latter approach can be thought of as analogous to the nucleoside and non-nucleoside inhibitors of the HIV reverse transcriptase and of the HCV RNA polymerase.

This work is part of the activities of the VIRGIL European Network of Excellence on Antiviral Drug Resistance and the coordinated action of RiViGene, which is supported by the 6th Framework Programme of the EU. The dedicated editorial assistance of Christiane Callebaut is gratefully acknowledged.


Nonneuronal localization for steroid converting enzyme: 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase in olfactory tubercle of rat brain.
3 alpha-Hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.50) was localized in the rat brain by cryostat sectioning, microassay, and neurochemical lesions. Single 16-microns sections were cut, homogenized, and assayed. In the olfactory tubercle 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity is high in the piaglial layer at the surface, 20-fold lower at a depth of 50 microns, and 50-fold lower at a depth of 200 microns. A similar pattern of activity was seen in the olfactory bulb, the interpeduncular nucleus, the frontal pole of the cortex, and the frontoparietal cortex. When kainic acid, a toxin that destroys neurons but leaves glia and axons of passage intact, was injected into the olfactory tubercle, 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity was undiminished whereas glutamic acid decarboxylase activity was reduced by 80%. This laminar distribution and insensitivity to kainic acid are consistent with a nonneuronal localization. The high concentration of astrocytes in the piaglial layer, where 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity is highest, lead us to suggest that this enzyme is localized to astrocytes. The presence of particular enzymes in some brain regions and not in others determines which products are synthesized and which are inactivated in those regions. Thus, the location of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase and other steroid converting enzymes can affect the activity of neuronal circuits and the behaviours regulated by those circuits.


variety: S - Web application

notes: Following enumerations present before veris 1.3.3 removed: asset.governance.Unknown.

variety: Payment

data_disclosure: Potentially

discovery_notes: Ext - Unrelated third party.  Discovered by security researcher who made the notifications.

overall_rating: Unknown

analysis_status: Finalized

analyst: swidup

credit_monitoring: Unknown

data_misuse: Y

sub_source: gwillem

security_incident: Confirmed

source_id: vcdb

summary: Online skimmers are installed on vulnerable storefronts to compromise credit card data. This was found by researcher G. Willem and published in a blog post as well as numerous news articles.  This one GitHub issue is expanded to one incident per storefront listed in his dataset.

employee_count: Unknown


Q:

basic Tcl -- printing a value of variable

I have the following script in Tcl:
set val(a) 10
set val(b) 10
set val(n) expr{$val(a) * $val(b)}

How to print the value of the variable n?
puts $val(n)

gives  expr{10*10}  and i need to see 100....

A:

In order to evaluate an expression and return the results, you must put the eval command inside square brackets, rather than try to call it like a function:
set val(n) [expr {$val(a) * $val(b)}]
puts $val(n)


Thrice-Greatest Hermes - Volume 2

by G.R.S. Mead

[IX. M.] And 1 since our sermon treats of the relationship and intercourse 2 of men and Gods,—learn, Asclepius, the power and strength of man!

[Our] Lord and Father, or what is Highest God,—as Hes Creator of the Gods in Heaven, so mans the maker of the gods who, in the temples, suffer mans approach, and who not only have light poured on them, but who send forth [their] light [on all]; not only does a man go forward towards the God[s], but also he confirms the Gods [on earth]. 3

Art thou surprised, Asclepius; nay is it not that even thou dost not believe?

2. Asc. I am amazed, Thrice-greatest one; but willingly I give assent to [all] thy words. I judge that man most blest who hath attained so great felicity.

Tris. And rightly so; [for] he deserves our wonder, in that he is the greatest of them all.

As for the genus of the Gods in Heaven,—tis plain from the commixture 1 of them all, that it has been made pregnant from the fairest part of nature, 2 and that the only signs [by which they are discerned] are, as it were, before all else their heads. 3

3. Whereas the species of the gods which humankind constructs is fashioned out of either nature,—out of that nature which is more ancient and far more divine, and out of that which is in men; that is, out of the stuff of which they have been made and are configured, not only in their heads alone, but also in each limb and their whole frame.

XXIV

Tris. [I mean their] statues, O Asclepius,—dost thou not see how much thou even, doubtest?—statues, ensouled with sense, and filled with spirit, which work such mighty and such [strange] results,—statues which can foresee what is to come, and which perchance can prophesy, foretelling things by dreams and many other ways,—[statues] that take their strength away from men, or cure their sorrow, if they do so deserve.

Dost thou not know, Asclepius, that Egypt is the image of the Heaven 2; or, what is truer still, the transference, or the descent, of all that are in governance or exercise in Heaven? And if more truly [still] it must be said,—this land of ours is Shrine of all the World.

2. Further, in that tis fitting that the prudent should know all before, it is not right ye should be ignorant of this.

The time will come when Egypt will appear to have in vain served the Divinity with pious mind and constant worship 1; and all its holy cult will fall to nothingness and be in vain.

For that Divinity is now about to hasten back from Earth to Heaven, and Egypt shall be left; and Earth, which was the seat of pious cults, shall be bereft and widowed of the presence of the Gods.

And foreigners shall fill this region and this land; and there shall be not only the neglect of pious cults, but—what is still more painful,—as though enacted by the laws, a penalty shall be decreed against the practice of [our] pious cults and worship of the Gods—[entire] proscription of them.

3. Then shall this holiest land, seat of [our] shrines and temples, be choked with tombs and corpses. 2

O Egypt, Egypt, of thy pious cults tales only will remain, as far beyond belief for thy own sons [as for the rest of men]; words only will be left cut on thy stones, thy pious deeds recounting!

And Egypt will be made the home of Scyth 1 or Indian, or some one like to them,—that is a foreign neighbour. 2

Ay, for the Godly company 3 shall mount again to Heaven, and their forsaken worshippers shall all die out; and Egypt, thus bereft of God and man, shall be abandoned.

4. And now I speak to thee, O River, holiest [Stream]! I tell thee what will be. With bloody torrents shalt thou overflow thy banks. Not only shall thy streams divine be stained with blood; but they shall all flow over [with the same].

The tale of tombs shall far exceed the [number of the] quick; and the surviving remnant shall be Egyptians in their tongue alone, but in their actions foreigners.

XXV

1. Why dost thou weep, Asclepius? Nay, more than this, by far more wretched,—Egypt herself shall be impelled and stained with greater ills.

the most beloved by God, by reason of her pious service of the Gods on earth,—she, the sole colony 1 of holiness, and teacher of religion [on the earth], shall be the type of all that is most barbarous.

And then, out of our loathing for mankind, the World will seem no more deserving of our wonder and our praise.

All this good thing, 2—than which there has been fairer naught that can be seen, nor is there anything, nor will there [ever] be,—will be in jeopardy.

2. And it will prove a burden unto men; and on account of this they will despise and cease to love this Cosmos as a whole,—the changeless work of God; the glorious construction of the Good, comprised of multifold variety of forms; the engine of Gods Will, supporting His own work ungrudgingly; the multitudinous whole massed in a unity of all, that should be reverenced, praised and loved,—by them at least who have the eyes to see.

For Darkness will be set before the Light, and Death will be thought preferable to Life. No one will raise his eyes to Heaven; the pious man will be considered mad, the impious a sage; the frenzied held as strong, the worst as best.

3. For soul, and all concerning it,—whereby it doth presume that either it hath been born deathless, or that it will attain to deathlessness, according to the argument I have set forth for you,—[all this] will be considered not only food for sport, 1 but even vanity.

Nay, [if ye will] believe me, the penalty of death shall be decreed to him who shall devote himself to the Religion of the Mind.

New statutes shall come into force, a novel law; naught [that is] sacred, nothing pious, naught that is worthy of the Heaven, or Gods in Heaven, shall [eer] be heard, or [even] mentally believed.

4. The sorrowful departure of the Gods from men takes place; bad angels 2 only stay, who mingled with humanity will lay their hands on them, and drive the wretched folk to every ill of recklessness,—to wars, and robberies, deceits,

Then shall the Earth no longer hold together; the Sea no longer shall be sailed upon; nor shall the Heaven continue with the Courses of the Stars, nor the Star-course in Heaven.

The voice of every God 2 shall cease in the [Great] Silence that no one can break; the fruits of Earth shall rot; nay, Earth no longer shall bring forth; and Air itself shall faint in that sad listlessness.

XXVI

1. This, when it comes, shall be the Worlds old age, impiety,—irregularity, and lack of rationality in all good things.

And when these things all come to pass, Asclepius,—then He, [our] Lord and Sire, God First in power, and Ruler of the One God [Visible], 3 in check of crime, and calling error back from the corruption of all things unto good manners and to deeds spontaneous with His Will (that is to say Gods Goodness),—ending all ill, by either washing it away with water-flood, or burning it away with fire, or by the means of pestilent diseases, spread

throughout all hostile lands,—God will recall the Cosmos to its ancient form 1; so that the World itself shall seem meet to be worshipped and admired; and God, the Maker and Restorer of so vast a work, be sung by the humanity who shall be then, with ceaseless heraldings of praise and [hymns of] blessing.

2. For this [Re-] birth of Cosmos is the making new 2 of all good things, and the most holy and most pious bringing-back again of Natures self, by means of a set course of time,—of Nature, which was without beginning, and which is without an end. For that Gods Will hath no beginning; and, in that tis the same and as it is, it is without an end.

Asc. Because Gods Natures the Determination 3 of the Will. Determination is the Highest Good; is it not so, Thrice-greatest one?

XXVII

For just as God is the Apportioner and Steward of good things to all the species, or [more correctly] genera, which are in Cosmos,—that is to say, of Sense, 2 and Soul, and Life,—so Cosmos is the giver and bestower of all things which seem unto [us] mortals good;—that is to say, the alternation of its parts, of seasonable fruits, birth, growth, maturity, and things like these.

And for this cause God doth transcend the height of highest Heaven, extending everywhere, and doth behold all things on every side.

The Dispensator whos between the Heaven and Earth, is Ruler of the Space which we call Zeus [Above].

The Earth and Sea is ruled by Zeus Below 1; he is the Nourisher of mortal lives, and of fruit-bearing [trees].

It is by reason of the powers of all of these 2 that fruits, and trees, and earth, grow green.

The powers and energies of [all] the other [Gods] will be distributed through all the things that are.

3. Yea, they who rule the earth shall be distributed [through all the lands], and [finally] be gathered in a state, 3—at top of Egypts upper part, 4—which shall be founded towards the setting sun, and to which all the mortal race shall speed.

Asc. But now, just at this moment, where are they, Thrice-greatest one?

350:4 This sentence, together with the first five sentences of the next chapter, down to the words “and constant worship,” are quoted in Latin with two or three slight verbal variants by Augustine, De Civitate Dei, xxiii.

354:1Deductio the technical term for leading out a colony from the metropolis or mother city. Compare Philo, De Vita Contemplativa, P. 892, M. 474 (Conybeare, p. 58): “In Egypt there are crowds of them [the Therapeuts] in every province, or nome as they call it, and especially at Alexandria. For they who are in every way the most highly advanced, lead out a colony (ἀποικίαν στέλλονται), as it were to the Therapeutic father-land”; and also the numerous parallel passages cited by Conybeare from Philos other writings.

355:2Nocentes angeli,—usually daimones in our tractates; still, as Lactantius (D. I., ii. 15) says that Hermes calls the daimones “evil angels” (ἀγγέλους πονηροὺς), he most probably took it from the Greek original of our sermon.

357:1 The above passage is cited in the original Greek by Lactantius (D. I., vii. 8) as from the “Perfect Sermon” of Hermes. As we might expect from what had been already said on this subject, it differs from our Latin translation, and runs as follows:

“Now when these things shall be as I have said, Asclepius, then will [our] Lord and Sire, the God and Maker of the First and the One God, look down on what is done, and making firm His Will, that is the Good, against disorder,—recalling error, and cleaning out the bad, either by washing it away with water-flood, or burning it away with swiftest fire, or forcibly expelling it with war and famine,—will bring again His Cosmos to its former state, and so achieve its Restoration.”


/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

smoke-node

The MIT License (MIT)

Copyright (c) 2019 Haydn Paterson (sinclair) <haydn.developer@gmail.com>

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

import { Semaphore } from '../async'

/**
 * Provides an asynchronous Writable abstraction over streams. This type is
 * used as a sender for Readable<T> and also provides hooks for the
 * WritableStream<T> type that is currently pending implementation in
 * Firefox.
 */
export class Writable<T = any> {
  private semaphore:  Semaphore
  private controller: WritableStreamDefaultController
  private error: Error | undefined
  constructor(private readonly sink: UnderlyingSink<T>) {
    this.controller = {} as any as WritableStreamDefaultController
    this.semaphore = new Semaphore(1)
    this.start()
  }

  /** Starts this writable. */
  private async start(): Promise<void> {
    if(this.sink.start) {
      try {
        await this.semaphore.run(() => this.sink.start!(this.controller))
      } catch (error) {
        this.error = error
        throw error
      }
    }
  }

  /** Writes this value to the stream. */
  public async write(data: T): Promise<void> {
    if(this.error !== undefined) {
      throw this.error
    }
    if(this.sink.write) {
      try {
        await this.semaphore.run(() => this.sink.write!(data, this.controller))
      } catch(error) {
        this.error = error
        throw error
      }
    }
  }

  /** Aborts this stream with an error.. */
  public async abort(error: Error = new Error('abort')): Promise<void> {
    if(this.error !== undefined) {
      throw this.error
    }
    if(this.sink.abort) {
      try {
        await this.semaphore.run(() => this.sink.abort!(error))
      } catch(error) {
        this.error = error
        throw error
      }
    }
  }

  /** Closes this stream. */
  public async close(): Promise<void> {
    if(this.error !== undefined) {
      throw this.error
    }
    if(this.sink.close) {
      try {
        await this.semaphore.run(() => this.sink.close!())
      } catch(error) {
        this.error = error
        throw error
      }
    }
  }
}