/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.flink.table.runtime.batch.table

import org.apache.flink.api.common.typeinfo.TypeInformation
import org.apache.flink.api.scala._
import org.apache.flink.api.scala.util.CollectionDataSets
import org.apache.flink.table.api._
import org.apache.flink.table.api.bridge.scala._
import org.apache.flink.table.api.internal.TableEnvironmentInternal
import org.apache.flink.table.runtime.utils.TableProgramsCollectionTestBase
import org.apache.flink.table.runtime.utils.TableProgramsTestBase.TableConfigMode
import org.apache.flink.table.sinks.CsvTableSink
import org.apache.flink.table.utils.MemoryTableSourceSinkUtil
import org.apache.flink.table.utils.MemoryTableSourceSinkUtil.UnsafeMemoryOutputFormatTableSink
import org.apache.flink.test.util.TestBaseUtils

import org.junit.rules.TemporaryFolder
import org.junit.{Rule, Test}
import org.junit.runner.RunWith
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized

import java.io.File

import scala.collection.JavaConverters._

@RunWith(classOf[Parameterized])
class TableSinkITCase(
    configMode: TableConfigMode)
  extends TableProgramsCollectionTestBase(configMode) {

  val _tempFolder = new TemporaryFolder

  @Rule
  def tempFolder: TemporaryFolder = _tempFolder

  @Test
  def testBatchTableSink(): Unit = {

    val tmpFile = tempFolder.newFolder("flink-table-sink-test")
    val path = tmpFile.toURI.toString

    val env = ExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment
    val tEnv = BatchTableEnvironment.create(env, config)
    env.setParallelism(4)

    tEnv.asInstanceOf[TableEnvironmentInternal].registerTableSinkInternal(
      "testSink",
      new CsvTableSink(path, "|").configure(
        Array[String]("c", "b"), Array[TypeInformation[_]](Types.STRING, Types.LONG)))

    val input = CollectionDataSets.get3TupleDataSet(env)
      .map(x => x).setParallelism(4) // increase DOP to 4

    input.toTable(tEnv, 'a, 'b, 'c)
      .where('a < 5 || 'a > 17)
      .select('c, 'b)
      .insertInto("testSink")

    tEnv.execute("job name")

    val expected = Seq(
      "Hi|1", "Hello|2", "Hello world|2", "Hello world, how are you?|3",
      "Comment#12|6", "Comment#13|6", "Comment#14|6", "Comment#15|6").mkString("\n")

    TestBaseUtils.compareResultsByLinesInMemory(expected, path)
  }

  @Test
  def testOutputFormatTableSink(): Unit = {
    val env = ExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment
    val tEnv = BatchTableEnvironment.create(env, config)
    MemoryTableSourceSinkUtil.clear()

    val fieldNames = Array("c", "b")
    val fieldTypes: Array[TypeInformation[_]] = Array(Types.STRING, Types.LONG)
    val sink = new UnsafeMemoryOutputFormatTableSink
    tEnv.asInstanceOf[TableEnvironmentInternal].registerTableSinkInternal(
      "testSink", sink.configure(fieldNames, fieldTypes))

    val input = CollectionDataSets.get3TupleDataSet(env)
      .map(x => x).setParallelism(4) // increase DOP to 4

    input.toTable(tEnv, 'a, 'b, 'c)
      .where('a < 5 || 'a > 17)
      .select('c, 'b)
      .insertInto("testSink")

    tEnv.execute("job name")

    val results = MemoryTableSourceSinkUtil.tableDataStrings.asJava
    val expected = Seq(
      "Hi,1", "Hello,2", "Hello world,2", "Hello world, how are you?,3",
      "Comment#12,6", "Comment#13,6", "Comment#14,6", "Comment#15,6").mkString("\n")

    TestBaseUtils.compareResultAsText(results, expected)
  }
}


Tenute Librando

A delicious olive oil truly is one of the finer things in life–simple yet flavorful. Designed by nju:comunicazion, the packaging for Tenute Librandi olive oil embraces a beautiful simplicity inspired by the architecture from where the olives are sourced.

“Long time ago in a far away land, between Byzantine mosaics and olive trees there was a Arbresh family that produced one of the best olive oils of the world. That land is Calabria, and they are Librandi. To design this line of labels we started from the Byzantine mosaics, in a process of stylization and using black and gold hot foil. This is the final result.”

The graphics on the label are crisp, with smooth curves and perfectly straight lines. Gold hot foil pops, making the olive oil stand out against others on the shelf. By sticking to mostly black and white, the appearance feels classic and high-end, avoiding business and instead exuding the confidence of a premium quality product.


Janusonis v Carauskas (2016 NY Slip Op 02330)

Janusonis v Carauskas

2016 NY Slip Op 02330

Decided on March 30, 2016

Appellate Division, Second Department

Published by New York State Law Reporting Bureau pursuant to Judiciary Law § 431.

This opinion is uncorrected and subject to revision before publication in the Official Reports.

Decided on March 30, 2016
SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
Appellate Division, Second Judicial Department

WILLIAM F. MASTRO, J.P.
CHERYL E. CHAMBERS
SHERI S. ROMAN
BETSY BARROS, JJ.

2014-04683
 (Index No. 502798/13)

[*1]Gintas Janusonis, appellant,
v Audrius Carauskas, doing business as Dungeon of Noise Studio, respondent.

Harwood Reiff LLC, New York, NY (Donald A. Harwood and Simon W. Reiff of counsel), for appellant.
Michael W. Goldstein, New York, NY (Victorine F. Froehlich of counsel), for respondent.

DECISION & ORDER
In an action, inter alia, to recover damages for breach of contract, the plaintiff appeals, as limited by his brief, from so much of an order of the Supreme Court, Kings County (Silber, J.), dated March 19, 2014, as granted that branch of the defendant's motion which was, in effect, pursuant to CPLR 3211(a)(7) to dismiss so much of the first cause of action as sought to recover consequential damages.
ORDERED that the order is affirmed insofar as appealed from, with costs.
As alleged in the complaint, the plaintiff, a professional musician and owner of a recording studio in Brooklyn, purchased a 1978 Amek M2000 In-Line Recording Console (hereinafter the console) which the defendant, an Illinois resident, had advertised for sale on eBay. After the console was delivered to the plaintiff in New York, the plaintiff discovered that it had been damaged in transit. As a result, he rejected it and returned it to the defendant. The plaintiff claimed, and received, a full refund of the purchase price and shipping charges. Thereafter, he commenced this action interposing, inter alia, a breach of contract cause of action (the first cause of action), wherein he sought to recover consequential damages arising from the defendant's breach. Insofar as relevant to this appeal, the defendant moved, inter alia, to dismiss so much of the first cause of action as sought to recover consequential damages. The Supreme Court granted that branch of the motion, and the plaintiff appeals.
On a motion to dismiss pursuant to CPLR 3211(a)(7), the court should accept the alleged facts in the complaint as true and afford the proponent the benefit of every possible favorable inference, and determine only whether the facts as alleged fit within any cognizable legal theory (see Leon v Martinez, 84 NY2d 83, 87; see also Baron v Galasso, 83 AD3d 626, 628; Sokol v Leader, 74 AD3d 1180, 1181). Moreover, the court may consider affidavits submitted by the plaintiff to remedy any defects in the complaint, and upon considering such an affidavit, the facts alleged therein must also be assumed to be true (see Kopelowitz & Co., Inc. v Mann, 83 AD3d 793, 797; Pike v New York Life Ins. Co., 72 AD3d 1043, 1049).
A buyer, such as the plaintiff, may recover consequential damages, i.e., losses resulting from the seller's breach and "which could not reasonably [have been] prevented by cover or otherwise," if the seller at the time of contracting had reason to know of them (UCC § 2-715[2][a]). To determine whether consequential damages were reasonably contemplated by the parties, "the nature, purpose and particular circumstances of the contract known by the parties should be considered, as well as what liability the defendant fairly may be supposed to have assumed consciously, or to have warranted the plaintiff reasonably to suppose that it assumed, when the contract was made" (Kenford Co. v County of Erie, 73 NY2d 312, 319 [citations and internal quotation marks omitted]; see Bi-Economy Mkt., Inc. v Harleysville Ins. Co. of N.Y., 10 NY3d 187, 193).
Here, the plaintiff's allegations, even as supplemented by his affidavit, failed to sufficiently allege that the potential for consequential damages was within the defendant's contemplation at the time of entering into the agreement, or that the plaintiff could not reasonably have prevented the resulting losses (see UCC § 2-715[2][a]; Ashland Mgt. v Janien, 82 NY2d 395, 403; Kenford Co. v County of Erie, 73 NY2d at 319; Atkins Nutritionals v Ernst & Young, 301 AD2d 547, 549). Accordingly, the Supreme Court properly granted dismissal of so much of the first cause of action as sought to recover consequential damages pursuant to CPLR 3211(a)(7).
MASTRO, J.P., CHAMBERS, ROMAN and BARROS, JJ., concur.
ENTER:
Aprilanne Agostino
Clerk of the Court


JEFFERSON PARK — Park on your own block. Or else.

That’s the message a Northwest Side woman said she got on her car last month in the form of a neatly handwritten note.

Meher Banow, who lives around the corner from where she’s parked her car for nine years, ignored the note — and apparently found out what the consequence was.

Someone slashed one of her tires.

Now she’s trying to figure out what’s going on in her quiet neighborhood — and who is going to help her.

“Everyone’s afraid and they’re parking somewhere else,” she said. “It’s like we’re letting the bullies win and I need that to stop.”

Banow has lived near the corner of Foster and Monitor avenues since 2010 and regularly parks her car, a green Toyota Scion, on the one-way street in front of the condo building in the 5100 block of North Monitor Avenue.

Meher Banow’s green Toyota Scion. She’s regularly parked here, in front of the building at 5148 N. Monitor Ave., for the past nine years without incident. Meher Banow

Like many areas in Jefferson Park, the side street has free unrestricted parking. But around the corner, on Foster Avenue, cars can’t be parked 7-9 a.m. Monday through Friday as well after a 2-inch snowfall.

“I’ve parked there on Monitor for nine years without issue,” Banow said. “I live right next to that condo in the next building.”

Banow found the note inside a plastic bag tucked under her driver’s side windshield wiper on Jan. 26.

“This is the last time you going to park here. If you want nothing to happen to your car. … You live on Foster Ave park there. Please,” the handwritten note said.

The note Meher Banow found on her car on Jan. 26. Courtesy Meher Banow

Because Monitor Avenue is public parking, Banow ignored the note and continued to park there. About a week later, she was headed to work when she realized one of her car’s tires was flat.

“It was dark in the morning when I left on Feb. 4 and I had no idea why it was flat. I took a Lyft to work and when I came back a friend helped me change out the flat tire,” Banow said.

A neighbor who lives in the building next to where the tire was slashed told Block Club its residents had been notified about what happened to Banow’s car.

“Until now we’ve never had a problem with parking before,” the neighbor said. He asked not to be named because he fears his vehicle would be vandalized, too.

“And we’re keeping our eyes open. We have a little community watch going on now,” the neighbor said. “But she should be able to park wherever she wants; that’s the bottom line.”

After two attempts, Banow said police finally processed her two police reports — one for the note and another for the slashed tire. But when she followed up with detectives, Banow was told police had suspended the case.

“My reports were forward to the Area North detectives and I had such a horrible experience. They hung up on me,” Banow said.

The tire that was slashed on Meher Banow’s car. Courtesy Meher Banow

When Banow called, she said she was told to park elsewhere and take a self-defense class, she alleges.

“It’s like they’re letting the bullies win and I need that to stop,” Banow said.

Norma Pelayo, a police spokeswoman, confirmed two police reports had been filed regarding the note and tire slashing and that detectives were still looking into the matter.

“No arrests have been made,” Pelayo said.

At a loss of what to do, Banow also reached out to the office of Ald. John Arena (45th) and was told the alderman would ask for increased security in the area.

“We need to figure [this] out as a community. We have to get together to stop this kind a behavior right now,” Banow said. “Right now it’s a slashed tire, but what is next? We need to create a safe environment. We can’t allow this kind of bullying to escalate because it can get worse if we don’t stop it right now.”

Owen Brugh, Arena’s chief of staff, said his office has asked for more police to patrol the area.

“It’s terrible what happened to this woman — a parking dispute in an area where there is a lot of free parking,” he said. “We certainly don’t want to see parking disputes to get to the point of property damage.”

Banow said her neighborhood doesn’t have a lot of crime, but the fact someone is actively bullying people over parking is making it feel unsafe to her and neighbors she’s spoken to.

“I’m going to organize the community. We’re going to make our neighborhood feel safe again. We can’t let this escalate,” she said. “It’s so petty. Parking is not a problem here.”

Do stories like this matter to you? Subscribe to Block Club Chicago. Every dime we make funds reporting from Chicago’s neighborhoods.


        IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI

                               NO. 2017-KA-01579-COA

LARRY CHARLES CARTER A/K/A LARRY                                            APPELLANT
CHARLES CARTER IV A/K/A LARRY CARTER

v.

STATE OF MISSISSIPPI                                                          APPELLEE

DATE OF JUDGMENT:                          08/18/2017
TRIAL JUDGE:                               HON. WILLIAM E. CHAPMAN III
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED:                 MADISON COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:                    OFFICE OF STATE PUBLIC DEFENDER
                                           BY: JUSTIN TAYLOR COOK
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE:                     OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
                                           BY: ALICIA MARIE AINSWORTH
DISTRICT ATTORNEY:                         MICHAEL GUEST
NATURE OF THE CASE:                        CRIMINAL - FELONY
DISPOSITION:                               AFFIRMED - 04/09/2019
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:

       BEFORE BARNES, C.J., WESTBROOKS AND LAWRENCE, JJ.

       WESTBROOKS, J., FOR THE COURT:

¶1.    In July 2017, Larry Carter was convicted of shooting into a dwelling and being a felon

in possession of a firearm. After a jury trial, Carter was sentenced to life imprisonment as

a habitual offender. Aggrieved, Carter filed a motion for a new trial. Carter’s motion was

denied, and he timely appeals. After review of the record, we affirm.

                                          FACTS

¶2.    On October 5, 2016, around 2:30 or 3:00 a.m., Adrian Williams was awoken by the

sound of several gunshots. She got out of bed and ran to her nine-year-old son’s room, where
she discovered that he had been shot several times. The child was airlifted to the University

of Mississippi Medical Center, where he recovered.

¶3.    Minutes after the shooting, Officer Jeremy Goodin responded to a call about a young

man requesting to see the police. Officer Goodin testified that once he arrived, he saw Carter

with no shirt on and his hands in the air. Carter told him that he was the individual who shot

into the apartment and wanted to turn himself in. Officer Goodin took Carter into custody

and transported him to the police department. Officer Goodin further testified that while in

transit Carter stated the basis of the shooting was a verbal confrontation between him and the

man in the apartment. Once at the police department, Carter was further questioned, and he

admitted again he was the individual who shot into the apartment. Carter also told

investigators where to find a book-bag with the firearm used. The Canton Police Department

recovered twenty-three shell casings from the scene, and a firearm analysis confirmed that

the gun Carter led them to matched the shell casings found at the apartment.

¶4.    In January 2017, Carter was indicted on a three-count indictment, charging him with

shooting into a dwelling, being a felon in possession of a firearm, and felonious abuse of a

child. The State dropped the charge for felonious abuse of a child and proceeded to trial on

the other two counts.

¶5.    After a jury trial, Carter was convicted of shooting into a dwelling and being a felon

in possession of a firearm. After a bifurcated sentencing hearing, Carter was sentenced to

life imprisonment as a habitual offender under Mississippi Code Annotated section 99-19-83

                                              2
(Rev. 2015). Carter filed a motion for a new trial, the circuit court denied his motion, and

he timely appealed.

                                STANDARD OF REVIEW

¶6.    “A motion for new trial challenges the weight of the evidence.” Ivy v. State, 949 So.

2d 748, 753 (¶21) (Miss. 2007). “A reversal is warranted only if the trial court abused its

discretion in denying a motion for new trial . . . . [W]e will only disturb a verdict when it is

so contrary to the overwhelming weight of the evidence that to allow it to stand would

sanction an unconscionable injustice.” Id. (citations omitted).

                                       DISCUSSION

¶7.    Carter asserts that the State failed to prove his habitual offender status beyond a

reasonable doubt.1 Mississippi Code Annotated section 99-19-83 (Rev. 2015) states:

       Every person convicted in this state of a felony who shall have been convicted
       twice previously of any felony or federal crime upon charges separately
       brought and arising out of separate incidents at different times and who shall
       have been sentenced to and served separate terms of one (1) year or more,
       whether served concurrently or not, in any state and/or federal penal
       institution, whether in this state or elsewhere, and where any one (1) of such
       felonies shall have been a crime of violence, as defined by Section 97-3-2,
       shall be sentenced to life imprisonment, and such sentence shall not be reduced
       or suspended nor shall such person be eligible for parole, probation or any
       other form of early release from actual physical custody within the Department
       of Corrections.

¶8.    Carter’s argument hinges on the statutory requirement that his two previous

       1
        Success on this appeal will not overturn Carter’s conviction but will only grant him
a new sentencing hearing.

                                               3
convictions must be “charges separately brought and arising out of separate incidents at

different times.” He states that the two felony convictions the State relies on occurred on the

same day, on the same street, and both arose from the same indictment, therefore, they cannot

be “separately brought.”

¶9.    The Mississippi Supreme Court has held that two burglaries on the same night in

adjacent locations could qualify as separate incidents for the purpose of habitual offender

sentencing. See Pittman v. State, 570 So. 2d 1205 (Miss. 1990). The court stated that

       before such behavior should be labeled habitual, it would seem that the events
       should be sufficiently separate that the offender’s criminal passions may have
       cooled so that he has time to reflect, and if after such an interval the individual
       forms and actualizes a new criminal design . . . . Conversely, two offenses
       committed in rapid succession do not suggest the same repetitiveness of
       criminal design such that the offender may be thought predictably habitual
       thereafter, or deserving of severe sanction.

Id.

¶10.   Here, Carter had previously been convicted of two counts of burglary arising from one

indictment. The burglaries occurred one after the other and the houses were located on the

same street. After pleading guilty to both counts, Carter was sentenced to two ten-year

sentences in the custody of the Mississippi Department of Corrections with one sentence for

each count to run concurrently.

¶11.   Despite the fact the charges were brought in a single indictment, we find that they are

sufficient to support Carter’s sentence enhancement as a habitual offender because there

were two separate houses burglarized that resulted in two separate victims. We also find that

                                               4
the time it took for Carter to travel from one house to the other was sufficient for his criminal

passions to “cool.” The Mississippi Supreme Court has held that “[s]eparation of these

charges into separate counts rendered them sufficiently separate to satisfy Section 99-19-81’s

mandate that they be ‘separately brought.’” Kolb v. State, 568 So. 2d 288, 289 (Miss. 1990).

We extend this same analysis to Mississippi Code Annotated section 99-19-83.

                                       CONCLUSION

¶12.   After review of the record and applicable case law, we affirm the circuit court’s

enhancement.

¶13.   AFFIRMED.

    BARNES, C.J., CARLTON AND J. WILSON, P.JJ., GREENLEE, TINDELL,
McDONALD, LAWRENCE, McCARTY AND C. WILSON, JJ., CONCUR.

                                               5


A survey of patients with inflammatory skin recurrence corresponding to the area of previous irradiation after postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer.
One of the unusual patterns of local recurrence in breast cancer patient is an inflammatory skin recurrence (ISR) sharply demarcating the area of previous radiation fields. To clarify the characteristics of this recurrence, we conducted a nationwide survey. We sent a survey to radiation oncologists at 200 institutions in Japan and received answers from 92. Of these, 24 institutions had some experience with patients who developed ISR affecting the previously irradiated area. The case details of 16 patients from 11 institutions were available and analyzed in this study. Eight patients experienced ISR after breast conservative therapy (groupA) and 8 patients experienced ISR after post-mastectomy radiotherapy (groupB). The postoperative pathological examination of groups A and B showed positive axillary lymph-nodes in 7/8 and 8/8 patients, positive lymphatic invasion in 4/7 and 7/8 patients, and ER status negative in 7/8 and 6/7 patients respectively. Median survival period was 266 days in groupA and 1105 days in groupB (p = 0.0001). Patients who developed the ISR tended to have several characteristics, including positive lymph-node metastases, intensive lymphatic invasion, and ER status negative. Physicians should contemplate the diagnosis of ISR next to radiation recall or radiation dermatitis, especially when the aforementioned risk factors are present.


; RUN: llc < %s -mtriple=x86_64-apple-darwin -march=x86-64 -mcpu=core-avx-i -mattr=fsgsbase | FileCheck %s

define i32 @test_x86_rdfsbase_32() {
  ; CHECK: rdfsbasel
  %res = call i32 @llvm.x86.rdfsbase.32()
  ret i32 %res
}
declare i32 @llvm.x86.rdfsbase.32() nounwind readnone

define i32 @test_x86_rdgsbase_32() {
  ; CHECK: rdgsbasel
  %res = call i32 @llvm.x86.rdgsbase.32()
  ret i32 %res
}
declare i32 @llvm.x86.rdgsbase.32() nounwind readnone

define i64 @test_x86_rdfsbase_64() {
  ; CHECK: rdfsbaseq
  %res = call i64 @llvm.x86.rdfsbase.64()
  ret i64 %res
}
declare i64 @llvm.x86.rdfsbase.64() nounwind readnone

define i64 @test_x86_rdgsbase_64() {
  ; CHECK: rdgsbaseq
  %res = call i64 @llvm.x86.rdgsbase.64()
  ret i64 %res
}
declare i64 @llvm.x86.rdgsbase.64() nounwind readnone

define void @test_x86_wrfsbase_32(i32 %x) {
  ; CHECK: wrfsbasel
  call void @llvm.x86.wrfsbase.32(i32 %x)
  ret void
}
declare void @llvm.x86.wrfsbase.32(i32) nounwind readnone

define void @test_x86_wrgsbase_32(i32 %x) {
  ; CHECK: wrgsbasel
  call void @llvm.x86.wrgsbase.32(i32 %x)
  ret void
}
declare void @llvm.x86.wrgsbase.32(i32) nounwind readnone

define void @test_x86_wrfsbase_64(i64 %x) {
  ; CHECK: wrfsbaseq
  call void @llvm.x86.wrfsbase.64(i64 %x)
  ret void
}
declare void @llvm.x86.wrfsbase.64(i64) nounwind readnone

define void @test_x86_wrgsbase_64(i64 %x) {
  ; CHECK: wrgsbaseq
  call void @llvm.x86.wrgsbase.64(i64 %x)
  ret void
}
declare void @llvm.x86.wrgsbase.64(i64) nounwind readnone


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Klopp pleased with Dortmund response

Dortmund coach Jurgen Klopp praised the spirit of his side after they came from behind to claim a 2-1 win at home to Wolfsburg.

Published

5 April 2014

Second-half goals from Robert Lewandowski and Marco Reus were enough to cancel out Ivica Olic's 34th-minute opener, leaving Klopp's men three points clear of bitter rivals Schalke in the fight for second place.

The win ensured Dortmund ended a difficult week on a high after suffering a 3-0 defeat at the hands of Real Madrid in the UEFA Champions League quarter-final first leg in midweek.

Klopp told the Bundesliga's official website: "It was a big three points today. We showed a really good mentality to win it after a Champions League game."

The 46-year old was particularly pleased with the contribution of Poland striker Lewandowski, who was on hand to restore parity for the home side six minutes into the second half.

Despite having confirmed a move to champions Bayern Munich for next season, the 25-year old has refused to rest on his laurels and has now found the net 24 times in all competitions this term.

But despite that contribution, Klopp is confident that Dortmund will be able to find a replacement for the forward in the close-season.

He added: "Robert has developed so much, but other players can and will do that at this club."

Another player singled out for praise was Kevin Grosskreutz, who has occupied a number of positions this season and was fielded at left-back for the first time on Saturday.

"We ask a lot of Kevin Grosskreutz, playing in so many positions, but (he) was much better as the game went on," Klopp added.


After missing out on signing Milwaukee-bound Greg Monroe, the New York Knicks are focusing on closing a deal with Robin Lopez, reports Yahoo Sports' Adrian Wojnarowski. New York is offering him about $12 to 13 million.

The Lakers are also a serious candidate for Lopez, per Wojnarowski. Lopez entered free agency after spending the past two seasons with the Trail Blazers, where he established himself as a solid defensive anchor and killer offensive rebounder. With news that LaMarcus Aldridge won't return to Portland, the front office has been trying to get younger and has not prioritized bringing its free agents back.

The Knicks are trying to land his services to fill the hole they have at starting center after missing out on Monroe, but Los Angeles is also trying to make a splash after Aldridge and DeAndre Jordan are unlikely to sign with them.

In New York, Lopez could provide a steady defensive presence thanks to his above-average rim protection. However, there are concerns about his ability to clean up the defensive glass, and his lack of a polished post game makes him an awkward fit for the triangle offense. With other options drying up, though, the Knicks need to add quality players fast, and Lopez is among the best big men that remain available in free agency.

Last season, Lopez averaged 10 points and seven rebounds in 28 minutes per game.


#
# Gramps - a GTK+/GNOME based genealogy program
#
# Copyright (C) 2002-2006  Donald N. Allingham
# Copyright (C) 2011       Doug Blank <doug.blank@gmail.com>
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
#

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Standard Python modules
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
from ....const import GRAMPS_LOCALE as glocale
_ = glocale.translation.gettext

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Gramps modules
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
from .._ispublic import IsPublic

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# "People marked private"
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
class PeoplePublic(IsPublic):
    """People not marked private"""

    name = _('People not marked private')
    description = _("Matches people that are not indicated as private")
    category = _('General filters')


Lower Your Salt the Natural Way!

Lower Your Salt the Natural Way!

Hello Loyal Soup People! A lot of us are trying hard to lower our salt intake these days. Excess consumption of salt is linked to hypertension and increased risk of heart attack and stroke. Many people’s palates are accustomed to a lot of salt, and when they reduce it in their diet, they find that food can taste bland. The key to successfully reducing salt while still enjoying food is to add as much natural flavor as possible to what we eat. The best way to do this is to cook with herbs and spices.

Not only do herbs and spices add wonderful natural flavor, but they have incredible health benefits! Fresh herbs are great sources of vitamins, minerals, fiber, and polyphenols (powerful antioxidants). Spices such as turmeric, cumin, and chili powder are getting noticed for their anti-inflammatory benefits.

When cooking, add spices in the beginning of the heating process to release their flavors into your food. For example, when making a stir-fry, add your spices with your garlic (just be sure not to burn them!). Add herbs at the end of the cooking process (right before serving!). Or, add them fresh to salads. Nothing is better than basil on ANYTHING in the summer! Add mint to your watermelon! The possibilities are endless. No matter how you add herbs and spices, you’ll find that when you cook with them, you’ll need less and less salt. Flavor AND health – the perfect combination!

*NOTE – Soupermom is not a licensed dietitian, doctor, personal trainer, or anything like that. She’s just extremely knowledgeable about healthy living!! But if you slip and fall while taking her advice, it is not her fault!


1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a pellet picking method and a pellet picking apparatus used preferably in semiconductor device fabrication and more particularly, to a pellet picking method and a pellet picking apparatus for picking up one or more pellets arranged on an adhesive sheet with a collet, where the pellet or pellets is/are usually formed by separation of a wafer through scribing or sawing.
2. Description of the Related Art
Semiconductor pellets are typically formed by cutting or separating a semiconductor wafer with a specific diameter such as 6 or 8 inches into pieces. The pellets are typically rectangular or square. Semiconductor devices and/or elements or semiconductor integrated circuits are formed in the corresponding areas of the wafer to the pellets and therefore, they are formed in each of the pellets. Semiconductor pellets will be often called simply xe2x80x9cpelletsxe2x80x9d hereinafter.
The pellet has a variety of shapes and sizes. For example, the pellet has an approximately square shape of 0.5 mmxc3x970.5 mm to 30 mmxc3x9730 mm. The pellet may have an elongated, strap-like shape. The square pellet may be formed by separating the wafer into strap-shaped parts in a step and by separating each of the strap-shaped parts into square pieces in another step.
The above-described separation process of the wafer or its strap-shaped part is typically performed in the following way.
The wafer itself or the strap-shaped part is adhered onto an adhesive sheet and then, it is cut by using an edged tool such as a dicing saw on the sheet, thereby forming the pellets. The sheet is usually stretched or spread on a circular support ring with almost no looseness. In this separation process, the cutting blade of the tool is lowered to penetrate the wafer or the strap-shaped part and then, it is lowered into the sheet to create a trench with about one-third to one-second (⅓ to xc2xd) of the thickness of the sheet. The thickness of the sheet is typically approximately 0.1 mm.
Subsequently, the wafer or the strap-shaped part thus formed is mounted on a pellet picking apparatus. At this time, the wafer or the strap-shaped part is kept adhered on the sheet while they are mounted on the apparatus along with the support ring. Then, the apparatus picks up or separates the pellets from the sheet one by one. If the apparatus is built in a die or pellet bonding apparatus, each of the pellets thus separated is bonded to the specific land of a leadframe If the apparatus is not built in a die or pellet bonding apparatus, the pellets thus separated are placed in respective pockets of a tray.
Next, a most popular pellet picking method will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 and FIGS. 3A to 3D. In this method, the pellet on the adhesive sheet is pushed up by the needles by way of the sheet, thereby detaching the pellet from the sheet. Then, the pellet thus detached is picked up by the suction collet.
FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically show a prior-art pellet picking apparatus 100, which performs the most popular pellet picking method described above. In FIGS. 1 and 2, an adhesive sheet 101 on which a semiconductor pellet 103 is adhered is also shown. Needless to say, a lot of pellets 103 are adhered onto the sheet 101. However, only one of the pellets 103 is shown for the sake of simplification and facilitation in understanding.
The basic configuration of the prior-art pellet picking apparatus of this type has been already known and therefore, its detailed explanation is omitted here. An example of the basic configuration of the apparatus is disclosed in the Japanese Non-Examined patent publication No. 4-12549 published in 1992. This apparatus is comprised of a wafer table on which an adhesive sheet with a semiconductor wafer (which have been separated into pellets) is placed, an X-Y table for moving horizontally the table along the X and Y directions, a pushing-up needle located under the table and movable vertically by an actuator, a vacuum-suction collet located over the table and movable horizontally and vertically by an actuator, an optically recognition means (e.g., a video camera) for recognizing the position and shape of the pellets on the adhesive sheet, and a controller for controlling the operation of the wafer table, the X-Y table, the needle, the collet, and the optically recognition means. The sheet with the wafer is stretched or spread on a circular support ring. The sheet is placed on the wafer table along with this ring.
The pellets located on the sheet in the form of wafer are placed on the wafer table in such a way that the needle can touch the pellets by way of the opening of the wafer table. Then, the pellets are successively pushed up by the needle while they are held by the collet, thereby detaching successively the pellets from the sheet. Subsequently, the pellets thus detached are successively transported to their specific positions with the collet.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the prior-art pellet picking apparatus 100 comprises a table 105, one needle 102a and four needles 102b which are arranged to be movable upward and downward in the table 105, and a cylindrical suction collet 104 provided over the table 105.
The table 105 has a hole 106a for accommodating vertically the needle 102a and four holes 106b for individually accommodating vertically the needles 102b. The hole 106a is located at the center of the upper surface 105a of the table 105. The four holes 106b are regularly arranged in the vicinity of the central hole 105a so as to surround the same. The needles 102a and 102b are fixed to a driving mechanism (not shown) for making their vertical motion (which is along the Z-axis).
The collet 104 is fixed to a driving mechanism (not shown) for making its vertical motion (which is along the Z-axis) and its horizontal motion (which is along the X-Y plane). The collet 104 has a suction or absorption end 104a. The collet 104 is located over the table 105 in such a way that the suction or absorption end 104a is opposed to the upper surface 105a of the table 105. The collet 104 is connected to a vacuum generator (not shown), thereby enabling the collet 104 to generate a suction or absorption force at the end 104a .
The prior-art pellet picking apparatus 100 operates in the following way.
First, as shown in FIG. 2, the adhesive sheet 101, on which the pellet 103 has been adhered, is moved horizontally (i.e., along the X-Y plane) while the collet 104 is kept apart from the pellet 103, thereby making positional alignment of the pellet 103 with respect to the table 105. The sheet 101 has been stretched or spread on a circular support ring and is placed on the X-Y stage (not shown) Thus, the sheet 101 is optionally moved along the X-Y plane by driving the X-Y stage for the positional alignment.
If the pellet picking apparatus 100 is applied to the die-or pellet bonding apparatus, the positional alignment of the sheet 101 is realized at high accuracy by visual recognition with a camera or cameras provided over the pellet 103. This is to place the pellet 103 onto the land of a leadframe at high accuracy in the pellet bonding apparatus.
Next, as shown in FIG. 3A, the collet 104 is lowered until the suction end 104a is contacted with the surface of the pellet 103, in which the air in the collet 104 is being exhausted by the vacuum generator to generate a suction force at the end 104a. Thus, the pellet 103 is held by the collet 104 due to the suction force. The state at this stage is shown in FIG. 3A.
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3B, the four peripheral needles 102a are moved upward simultaneously to push the peripheral area of the pellet 103 up. At this time, the collet 104 is moved upward to be synchronous with the motion of the pellet 103 without separating the pellet 103. Thus, the adhered area of the periphery of the pellet 103 begins to be detached from the adhesive sheet 101, because the sheet 101 is fixed.
Following this, as shown in FIG. 3C, the peripheral needles 102b are lowered into the holes 106b while the central needle 1012a is elevated. Thus, almost all the adhered area of the pellet 103 is detached from the sheet 101 except for the adhered area near the contact point of the needle 102a.
Finally, as shown in FIG. 3D, the collet 104 is elevated further along with the sucked pellet 103. Thus, the pellet 103 is entirely separated from the sheet 101. The pellet 103 thus separated and held by the collet 104 is moved to a specific position and then, placed on the position by releasing the suction force of the collet 104.
In the above explanation, the pellet 103 is pushed up by the needles 102a and 102b. However, the pellet 103 may be pushed up by only the center needle 102a or by only the peripheral needles 102b.
The above-described method of pushing the pellet 103 up with the needles 102a and/or 102b is referred as the xe2x80x9cneedle pushing methodxe2x80x9d in the following explanation.
The above-described needle pushing method has the following problems.
The first problem is that the pellet tends to be damaged. Specifically, since the load is concentrated to the point of the needle, the pellet tends to have flaws or damages such as cracks and chipping. Sometimes, the pellet is cracked or broken. In particular, recently, the thickness of the pellet has been decreasing rapidly. The pellet may be as thin as approximately 0.05 mm. If the pellet is made of a compound semiconductor such as gallium arsenide (GaAs) and indium phosphide (InP) which are more fragile than silicon (Si), the pellet tends to be cracked or broken more easily.
To prevent the flaws or damages of the pellet, the following measures have been developed and taken.
(a) To select an appropriate shape of the point of the needle so as to accord with the size and thickness of the pellet.
(b) To adjust the moving speed and stroke of the needle (e.g., to lower the speed and decrease the stroke).
However, it is difficult for these measures (a) and (b) to solve the above-identified problem that the pellet tends to be damaged.
Additionally, the measure (a) has a disadvantage that the design and formation themselves of the needle having an optimized shape is very difficult and that the needle needs to be replaced with another responsive to the change of the pellet.
Similarly, the measure (b) also has a disadvantage that an optimized condition or adjustment of the needle is very difficult to be realized responsive to the change of the pellet. If the moving speed of the needle is lowered, the damage of the pellet can be avoided. In this case, however, the lowered speed will degrade the productivity.
As explained above, as long as the conventional needle pushing method is used, a lot of replaceable parts are necessary and/or the control of the vertical motion of the needle is complicated in order to avoid the damages of the pellet. This not only raises the fabrication cost of the pellet picking apparatus but also degrades the productivity. Moreover, it is basically difficult to picking the pellet up without any damages.
On the other hand, an improved adhesive sheet, which is termed the xe2x80x9cUV adhesive sheetxe2x80x9d, has ever been developed and used practically. The UV adhesive sheet is a sheet that the adhesive agent coated on the sheet is cured due to irradiation of ultraviolet (UV) light, resulting in the loss of its adhesion.
If the UV adhesive sheet is used for this purpose, UV light is irradiated to the lower face of the sheet prior to detachment of the pellet from the sheet. Since the sheet is translucent for UV light, the irradiated UV light penetrates the sheet, curing the adhesive agent on the upper face of the sheet. Thus, the adhesive agent loses its adhesion and as a result, the pellet is easily separated from the sheet.
However, even if the UV adhesive sheet is used in the conventional needle pushing method, the concentrated load or force applicable to the pellet by the needle is not lowered. Thus, the damage of the pellet cannot be prevented with the use of the UV adhesive sheet.
The second problem of the conventional needle pushing method is that there is a possibility that the pellet fails to be separated from the adhesive sheet, in other words, picking failure occurs. This problem is caused by the following reason.
When the pellet on the adhesive sheet is separated from the sheet by the pushing-up motion of the central needle, the adhering force of the sheet is left at the central area of the pellet with which the sheet is contacted by the point of the needle. Thus, the pellet is unable to be separated from the sheet by the suction force of the collet.
The second problem may occur even if the UV adhesive sheet is used.
Furthermore, there is a method of picking the pellet from the adhesive sheet without using the needle. For example, the adhesive sheet is placed on the stage and sucked downward by way of a hole or holes of the stage, thereby separating the sheet from the pellet. In this case, however, the adhered area of the sheet which is not sucked is unable to be separated from the pellet by the sucking force. As a result, the pellet picking is not ensured.
There is another method of picking the pellet from the adhesive sheet using the needle and the sucking force. For example, the adhesive sheet is placed on the stage and the area corresponding to the periphery of the pellet is sucked downward by way of a hole or holes of the stage and at the same time, the center of the pellet is pushed up by the point of the needle. Thus, the sheet is separated from the pellet. In this case, however, the load by the needle is concentrated to the center of the pellet. Thus, the pellet is not prevented from being damaged.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a pellet picking method and a pellet picking apparatus that prevent the pellet from being damaged during the pellet picking process.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a pellet picking method and a pellet picking apparatus that ensure the picking operation of the pellet without damages.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a pellet picking method and a pellet picking apparatus that decrease the fabrication cost of the apparatus without lowering the productivity.
The above objects together with others not specifically mentioned will become clear to those skilled in the art from the following description.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a pellet picking apparatus is provided, which is an apparatus for separating a pellet adhered on an adhesive sheet from the sheet and picking the pellet thus separated.
This apparatus is comprised of:
(a) a stage having a surface with which a lower face of the adhesive sheet is contacted;
the pellet being adhered on an upper face of the sheet;
the stage having a suction hole that pulls down the sheet;
the suction hole having a suction end to be contacted with the sheet on the surface of the stage;
the stage being movable (capable of translation and rotation) in a horizontal plane with respect to a specific reference position; and
(b) a collet for holding the pellet by a suction force;
the collet having a suction end to be contacted with the pellet;
the collet being capable of holding the pellet by the suction force at the suction end;
wherein when the sheet is placed on the surface of the stage in such a way that the pellet on the sheet is located at the reference position, the collet is controlled to hold the pellet by the suction force at the suction end and at the same time, the stage is controlled to hold the sheet at the suction end of the suction hole and to be moved in the horizontal plane with respect to the reference position to thereby detach the sheet from the pellet;
and wherein the collet is controlled to pick the pellet thus detached from the sheet.
With the pellet picking apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the stage has a surface with which a lower face of the adhesive sheet is contacted and a suction hole that pulls down the sheet. The suction hole has a suction end to be contacted with the sheet on the surface of the stage. The stage is movable (capable of translation and rotation) in a horizontal plane with respect to a specific reference position.
Moreover, when the adhesive sheet is placed on the surface of the stage in such a way that the pellet on the sheet is located at the reference position, the collet is controlled to hold the pellet by the suction force at the suction end and at the same time, the stage is controlled to hold the sheet at the suction end of the suction hole and to be moved in the horizontal plane with respect to the reference position to thereby detach the sheet from the pellet. The collet is controlled to pick the pellet thus detached from the sheet. Thus, the pellet is separated from the adhesive sheet without using the pushing-up operation of the needles.
As a result, the pellet can be prevented from being damaged during the pellet picking process. This means that the picking operation of the pellet without damages is ensured and that the separation failure of the pellet from the sheet is avoided.
Also, the collet can be formed by a popular, conventional structure and the suction and moving mechanism of the stage can be simplified. Thus, the complicated operation of the needles used in the conventional needle push-up method is unnecessary and at the same time, a lot of needles having various shapes and various sizes need not prepared nor replaced according to the type of the pellet to be picked. Accordingly, the fabrication cost of the apparatus can be lowered drastically, which is enabled without lowering the productivity.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a pellet picking method is provided, which is a method for separating a pellet adhered on an adhesive sheet from the sheet and picking the pellet thus separated.
This method is comprised of the steps of:
(a) providing a stage having a surface with which a lower face of the adhesive sheet is contacted;
the pellet being adhered on an upper face of the sheet;
the stage having a suction hole that pulls down the sheet;
the suction hole having a suction end to be contacted with the sheet on the surface of the stage;
the stage being movable (capable of translation and rotation) in a horizontal plane with respect to a specific reference position;
(b) providing a collet for holding the pellet by a suction force;
the collet having a suction end to be contacted with the pellet;
the collet being capable of holding the pellet by the suction force at the suction end;
(c) placing the sheet on the surface of the stage in such a way that the pellet on the sheet is located at the reference position;
(d) holding the pellet by the suction force at the suction end of the collet;
(e) holding the sheet at the suction end of the suction hole of the stage;
(f) moving the stage in the horizontal plane with respect to the reference position to thereby detach the sheet from the pellet; and
(g) picking the pellet thus detached from the sheet by the collet.
With the pellet picking method according to the second aspect of the present invention, because of substantially the same reason as the pellet picking apparatus according to the first aspect, the pellet can be prevented from being damaged during the pellet picking process, which means that the picking operation of the pellet without damages is ensured. Also, the fabrication cost of the apparatus can be lowered drastically, which is enabled without lowering the productivity.


Multiple forms of carboxylesterase activity in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.
A carboxylesterase activity (E.C.3.1.1) was found in all four strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus tested. The activity was present in both 2 X 10(4) gav h-1 supernatant and bacterial wall-membrane fractions. The activity in the supernatant was in two molecular weight forms, the predominant form with a Mr of about 10(3) K and a minor form Mr approximately 600 K. The activity was inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. SDS-PAGE showed that in A. calcoaceticus NCIB 8250 the activity was composed of three components of Mr 43, 40 and 38 K. The individual components showed different activities with 1- or 2-naphthyl esters. Of the other strains used, one showed a nearly identical pattern of component activities, while the other two showed only two component activities.


In the indie drama Supremacy, Tully (Joe Anderson), an ex-con with the Aryan Nation, has just been paroled, but on his first night out, he kills a cop, setting off a chain of events that lead to a home invasion and hostages. As the police close in, and Mr. Walker (Danny Glover) fights back by turning the tables on Tully’s racism, it’s a tense journey to see who will make it out alive.

During this exclusive phone interview with Collider, actor Joe Anderson talked about how he got involved with the film, how tough it was to get through the shoot, both physically and mentally, his process for getting into Tully’s mind-set, working with Danny Glover, and why actors are all just “bare bums in the shower,” whether you’re the biggest star on the planet or this is your first film. He also talked about taking over the role of Mason Verger for the upcoming season of the NBC series Hannibal, making the character his own, and why he found all of the prosthetics freeing.

Collider: How did you originally come to this project?

JOE ANDERSON: The casting director has cast me in a few things now. She called my agent and sent my agent the script. I read it and was immediately drawn to it, for various reasons. My father grew up in Africa, so there were always conversations about race and racists, and what idiots they are, basically. It was something that I felt like I almost had to do. There was the fact that the protagonist of the script is the antagonist, and it follows the bad guy. We meet Tully as he leaves prison and we follow his journey. The change of ideology within that character was something that really drew me to it. It was not like any other race-based movie that I’ve seen. American History X is a very different way of looking at this. This was far more of a hostage situation. Within that setting and those parameters, the stakes are consistently higher than they were in any other movie that I’ve seen that deals with this subject matter. The challenge, for me, was to try to get some levity in it and approach it from a human point of view. Why is this guy thinking the way he’s thinking? Why is he doing this? That’s also incredibly hard when you’re in a hostage situation because you’re thinking purely about the practical and physical aspects of taking somebody hostage and hiding out in a house. That blend of the physical and tactical of what to do vs. the ideological aspects of it looked like a very tricky thing to take on. Essentially, that was one of the major draws for me, to the film.

You’re great in this film, but how difficult was it to get through playing such an intense role?

ANDERSON: It was incredibly tough to get through, not only physically, but mentally. The recovery process each day, in terms of hanging the character up on the wall and picking him up on the way back into work the next day, was so that I wasn’t carrying the burden of the filth coming from my mouth, most of the time. What I was doing was a real discipline, but it was an early lesson that I was taught in the theater. Years ago, I went into a theater rehearsal, one day, after having had an argument with my girlfriend, and the director said, “Something is wrong with you. Walk straight back out, hang it up on the clothes peg, and come back in.” That was the professional way of dealing with things, and that really came into play on this movie.

Was it ever hard to fully leave it there, especially when you had to be covered in tattoos?

ANDERSON: Those tattoos did come off. If there was a very quick turn-around and I had to be in very early in the morning, they’d stay on for a couple of weeks, if you didn’t scrub them too hard. So, sometimes I would have to go home with that on me. It was just more of a mental thing. Those always seemed like a costume or a mask, so to speak. It was more the physical and the language of it that lingered with me.

How do you think Tully viewed himself? Tully refers to himself as the devil, more than once. Do you think that’s a bravado that he puts on, or do you think that’s really how he sees himself?

ANDERSON: That’s an interesting thing. One of the things that I toyed with, in terms of backstory for this character, was whether he was a white supremacist before all of this. I never really got to do much research on the real guy, and I never really got to speak to the family that was involved. So, a lot of it was just my making it up, to be perfectly honest. I came to the conclusion that he was raised in an environment where racism was prevalent, and when you go to prison, you’re forced to side with your ethnic group, just on a survival level. If you say, “I’m not sure if I agree with how we’re talking about Hispanics, blacks, or any other ethnicity,” there would have been dire consequences for him. He was in prison for a long time, and it was almost conditioning for him. There were remnants of an innocent child in him. He knew that he was doing something wrong, but at the same time, it went against that conditioning. So, the innocence was so far buried within him that he was confused when the Aryan leader said, “You’ve gotta kill everybody in the house.” That was the moment where he went, “I’m not sure if this is absolutely right.” One of the things I didn’t want to do was paint him as a complete psychopath and a one-dimensional character, although the movie itself and the script wrote him that way. It was always a challenge to try to have as many human aspects to him as I could, as opposed to him just being a psychopathic racist. I went slightly against how the script was written, which did paint him more in that one-dimensional light.

What’s it like to work opposite a legend of film like Danny Glover?

ANDERSON: I didn’t really have too much to feed off of. Danny didn’t really speak to me that much throughout the filming of the movie. We must have exchanged two or three sentences as Joe and Danny, throughout the whole filming process. As for the collaborative aspect between Danny and myself, as much as I tried, I couldn’t really get anything from him, in that sense. Really, it was just left to me and the director to slip into this character and inhabit it and to not care. We’re all actors and we’re all bare bums in the shower, whether you’re the biggest star on the planet or this is your first film. More to the point, with the other actors who played the young kids and the mother, that was more of an area where I had more dialogue with those guys. There was a lot of love and support after each take, where I was being horrifically awful to these people. They’d call, “Cut!,” and I’d run over and hug them and make sure I wasn’t too rough. I wanted to build some sort of trust and support there. We’re all bare bums in the shower, so I’m never really phased by anything like that.

Because it has so many personal and historical connotations that come along with it, how difficult was it to use the N-word repeatedly, and to make it sound like it was something natural for you to say?

ANDERSON: Honestly, we grow up in a society where we revere Quentin Tarantino movies and the N-word is flung left, right and center by a lot of white people. These become hip-hop culture movies, to the point where Samuel L. Jackson will go and do a Quentin Tarantino movie. So, I think it’s to do with what the overall movie and message is. A word is just a word. It has no power unless people react to it and give it power. Some people can use that word and it’s allowed, and other people can’t use that word because it’s not allowed. That, in itself, gives the word power. If we did that to the word “bluebird,” then bluebird would become an awful thing to say to somebody. Really, it’s just a word, and it’s a word that belonged to that character, in that instance. No matter what it is, it is to do with the character and the movie. It’s not to do with me, at all. If I was going to play a gay individual, I would have no qualms about doing that because that’s what the movie and story is. Being a nasty person in the movie, and being somebody who does awful things, had resonant leftovers with me. I would go home and I would feel exhausted and pretty shitty, to be honest, because I felt like I’d been shitty to people, all day long. But the words themselves are not necessarily the issue. The script was very thin in places. Sometimes you get onto a set and the scene that read fine on paper, when you put it into its physical surroundings, you might realize that you need to add more, here and there. So, I did have to improvise a lot of it, and that was a little more tricky within the social dynamic. If I’m being forced to improvise racism, then it is coming from Joe and it’s not coming from the writing. That was something that I had to be very careful about, once they called, “Cut!” I had to say, “Sorry, guys, this isn’t me. It’s something I’m having to do because the writing lacked something, at this moment, to fill this space.” Really, it’s art. That’s the only way that I can think about it.

Your work in The Divide was really terrific, and it was exciting to hear that you were joining Hannibal. How did you come to take over the role of Mason Verger, and did you have any hesitation about taking over a role that had already been established by another actor?

ANDERSON: Not at all. Because every human being is different, I think that each actor will bring something quintessentially different to the role. Where I wanted to take the role, Bryan Fuller was in absolute support of. In a weird way, I don’t really care too much about what the fans think. I just care about the service that I’m paying to the amazing writing on that show, and to Thomas Harris and the original material. I was a huge fan of what Gary Oldman did in Hannibal, the movie, so he was my inspiration for that character, as opposed to anything else. I tend not to worry a lot about stuff like that. The way that I’m going to do something is the way that I’m going to do it. If nobody likes it, then nobody likes it. If they do like it, then they do like it. It’s not really something that goes through my head, to be honest.

Had you ever worked with prosthetics, to that extent, before, and was that daunting?

ANDERSON: It was actually quite freeing. The process of putting it on and taking it off was a little uncomfortable. You’re playing a very psychotic pedophile in a wheelchair, who is disabled from the neck down and can only move his right hand. That, in itself was a challenge, to not have the tools of physicality to aid your performance and keep it all within the very rich dialogue. I had to step up to the dialogue and do the dialogue justice. So, once the mask slipped on and I found the voice, it was almost like I had carte blanche to play and to do whatever I wanted to do, and that’s actually very, very freeing. It was good fun.

Supremacy is now playing in theaters and on VOD.