240 S.W.3d 138 (2006)
CITY OF HUNTINGTON, and Craig Cotner, Individually and in his Official Capacity as Mayor of the City of Huntington, Appellants,
v.
Robert MIKLES, Appellee.
No. CA 06-66.
Court of Appeals of Arkansas.
September 27, 2006.
Rehearing Denied October 25, 2006.
*139 James O. Cox, Little Rock, AR, for appellant.
Kevin Hickey, Fort Smith, AR, for appellee.
JOHN B. ROBBINS, Judge.
Appellant City of Huntington ("the city") appeals a jury verdict entered against it and in favor of appellee Robert Mikles. Mikles was formerly the chief of police for the city from late August 2003 to November 2004 when he was terminated. Mikles sued the city in April 2004, first alleging breach of contract regarding his employment agreement with the city, and later amending the complaint to add an allegation of wrongful termination after he was fired.[1] The city moved for directed verdict at the appropriate times, which motions were denied. The jury found in his favor on both counts, awarding $5832 in damages for breach of contract and awarding $14,057.69 for wrongful termination, plus costs and attorney fees. The city moved for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, which was denied, and this appeal followed. Appellant contends on appeal that the jury's verdicts on breach of contract and on wrongful termination. We reverse the verdict on breach of contract, and we affirm the verdict on wrongful termination are not supported by substantial evidence.
Our standard of review of the denial of a motion for directed verdict is whether the jury's verdict is supported by substantial evidence. Stewart Title Guar. Co. v. Am. Abstract & Title Co., 363 Ark. 530, 215 S.W.3d 596 (2005); Ethyl Corp. v. Johnson, 345 Ark. 476, 49 S.W.3d 644 (2001). Similarly, in reviewing the denial of a motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, we will reverse only if there is no substantial evidence to support the jury's verdict, and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Id. Substantial evidence is that which goes beyond suspicion or conjecture and is sufficient to compel a conclusion one way or the other. Id. It is not this court's place to try issues of fact; rather, this court simply reviews the record for substantial evidence *140 to support the jury's verdict. Id. In determining whether there is substantial evidence, we view the evidence and all reasonable inferences arising therefrom in the light most favorable to the party on whose behalf judgment was entered. Id.
Appellant argues that (1) there is no substantial evidence to support the jury's finding that the city breached an employment contract with Mikles by ceasing to allow him permission to drive a city vehicle using the city's fuel and insurance, and (2) there is no substantial evidence to support the jury's finding that the city wrongfully discharged Mikles for filing suit against the city. To determine whether appellant's arguments hold any merit, we review the relevant testimony in the light most favorable to Mikles as the prevailing party.
Mikles, a man in his late fifties, testified that he was looking for a job when his wife found an advertisement seeking a chief of police in Huntington, a town about forty miles away from his residence in Magazine. Mikles contacted the mayor, Craig Cotner, and they met for an interview.
When they agreed that Mikles was suited for the job, they negotiated compensation. Mayor Cotner could not offer the per-hour pay rate that Mikles requested. Mikles asked if there was another means to add to the per-hour pay rate to compensate him, such as the use of a city vehicle to drive to and from home, with the attendant gasoline and insurance coverage provided by the city. This was important to Mikles, given the eighty-mile round-trip commute. The mayor agreed with the base hourly rate plus use of the city vehicle, subject to the city council's approval at the next meeting. Mikles's official hiring date was in late August 2003. Mikles drove his own vehicle to work for a couple of days, but shortly thereafter, he was given a city vehicle.
Mikles said he began work right away to slow down speeders driving through the middle of town on Highway 71 by writing warnings and citations; he arrested several drug manufacturers in the area; he started a youth program; he had offenders provide improvements to the jail facility; and he wrote two successful grant applications to acquire more equipment for police officers. The reviews of Mikles's performance were mixed: the mayor was pleased with the job being done, but a few city council members were not. Mikles said that the mayor "always backed me."
In March 2004, a city council meeting was convened, and councilman Parish moved to take the city car privilege from Mikles. The motion was seconded and approved in that meeting. Mikles was present, shocked, and had to get a ride home because the council's action took effect immediately. Councilman Rammings drove Mikles home that night. Mikles filed a breach of contract action in April 2004. Mikles said that relations with four of the six council members "really started to get bad" after he filed suit. Mikles said that the mayor was being pressured to fire him. Mikles did not want to quit, given that he enjoyed his job and was in his late fifties at the time.
On May 15, 2004, a city council meeting was conducted during which the sole issue was Mikles's lawsuit for breach of contract. Councilman Bates moved that Mikles be suspended without pay until his lawsuit was resolved. The city attorney urged the council not to support that motion, and it was not seconded, such that the motion died. Mikles noted that during his tenure, the council overrode his decision regarding work schedules for himself and other officers. Mikles abided by the new schedule, despite it being "all these wild hours."
*141 During the summer of 2004, Mikles terminated policeman Ryan Stephens from the force because the background check on Stephens indicated that he had a mental disorder. Mikles believed that Arkansas State Police protocol required termination for this reason. However, Mikles's decision to fire Stephens was not well received, especially by Stephens's wife, who was a councilwoman and one of the four council-persons who were opposed to Mikles. Stephens appealed that decision and was ultimately returned to the force with back pay.
By October 2004, Mikles was of the impression that the mayor was "constantly upset . . . getting phone calls constantly from the city council, the same four, that he needed to get rid of me." At a meeting conducted on October 14, 2004, the council voted four-to-two to terminate Mikles. This had no effect because the council did not have the authority to hire and fire department heads; that authority rested with the mayor. After that meeting, the mayor told Mikles to take three weeks of accrued vacation and not come to town, during which the mayor urged Mikles to find another job. Mikles said he would look for another law-enforcement job, but if no job was available, he would not resign and would have to be fired to leave. When Mikles returned from vacation, the mayor told him he was fired. After that, Mikles added the allegation of wrongful discharge to his complaint. Mikles applied for and received unemployment benefits after his termination.
The mayor testified at trial on Mikles's behalf. He stated that he was the one who interviewed Mikles and negotiated the salary with the car allowance, agreeing that "that's what I offered him. He accepted it." The mayor remembered that it was several months later that the council voted to take the city vehicle away from Mikles. The mayor commented that the council had authority over the city's finances.
The mayor said that he was satisfied with Mikles's work and, if it were up to him, Mikles would probably still be the chief of police, though he agreed that Mikles was "hard-headed." The mayor thought that the council members had personal vendettas against Mikles, in part because Mikles was a very assertive person. The mayor agreed that the council passed a motion to terminate Mikles's employment, but the motion was ineffective. This was in October 2004, after Mikles filed his lawsuit in April 2004. The mayor was very upset by the friction between Mikles and the council. The mayor acknowledged that the friction existed from the very beginning.
Steve Rammings, a councilman for six years, testified that he understood that the pay package for the chief of police was a salary and the city furnishing a car. Rammings was present for a city council meeting convened shortly after the mayor hired him where this was discussed, and Rammings believed that the city had an agreement with Mikles on those terms. Rammings said that in March 2004 when the car was taken away, the council acted in the absence of the city attorney, and it was a typical four-to-two vote. Rammings said that after the majority took the car away, he presented a motion to allow Mikles mileage, which was rejected. Rammings took Mikles home that night. Rammings believed that a month or two later, Mikles filed suit against the city. Rammings remembered that Melissa Stephens was on the council and that her husband was terminated by Chief Mikles. He believed that this was part of the animosity between her and Mikles. Rammings thought that Mikles did an excellent job as chief of police. Rammings knew that the city council was pressuring the mayor to fire *142 Mikles, and he said that the four council members filed a frivolous lawsuit against the mayor, which was dropped after the mayor fired Mikles.
Motions for directed verdict regarding breach of contract and wrongful termination were denied. Councilman Parish testified that he did not understand that the council was agreeing to the full compensation package, but Parish conceded that no one objected to the terms at the next regular meeting after Mikles was hired. Parish thought that Mikles fired Officer Stephens shortly after Mikles came on the job and that he did not agree that Stephens should be fired for lack of information in his personnel file. Parish said that the council members received citizen complaints about Mikles, in part regarding the use of a city vehicle that was costing the townspeople. Parish said he was the one who made the motion to disallow Mikles the use of the vehicle because it was more expensive than he had originally thought when Mikles was hired. Parish believed that they made an alteration to his employment, which Mikles accepted by staying on the job. Parish was the one who made the motion to fire Mikles, which was passed by a majority vote, to show those council members' feelings about Mikles. Parish said the vote was a reaction to Mikles continuing to use the city vehicle on occasions when he had been disallowed that privilege.
Parish testified that he had crafted the city's employee handbook, and it specifically referred to at-will employment status. Parish believed that the car allowance had nothing to do with his employment status. However, Parish agreed that he had thought Mikles and the mayor had an agreement regarding the car, which the council ratified by not acting on that provision at the next council meeting after his being hired.
After renewed motions for directed verdict were denied, the trial judge instructed the jury. The jury was to determine whether a contract existed between the city and Mikles and whether it was breached. The jury was given definitions of contract, offer, acceptance, consideration, and modification. The judge told the jury that Mikles was an at-will employee, terminable at will by either party, except that if the discharge was based solely on filing a lawsuit, then that would be a violation of public policy. The jury found in favor of Mikles on both counts and awarded damages. The present appeal is before us for consideration.
Appellant first contends that there is no substantial evidence to support the jury's finding that the city breached a contract of employment by taking away privileges to use a city vehicle. Appellant acknowledges that there was an initial agreement to allow use of the city vehicle and that the city modified the terms of the agreement when it halted permission to use the vehicle in March 2004. Appellant contends that it unilaterally changed the terms of appellee's employment, which appellee accepted by staying on the job after the change was instituted. We are persuaded by this argument.
Appellant cites to Crain Indus., Inc. v. Cass, 305 Ark. 566, 810 S.W.2d 910 (1991). Our supreme court held in Crain that accepting changes in an employment agreement may constitute part of an altered agreement. The Crain opinion went on to state that an employee's retention of employment constitutes acceptance of the offer of a unilateral contract; the retention of employment being the necessary consideration to support the "new deal." See id. at 573, 810 S.W.2d 910. The problem with Mikles's proof was that even though the compensation was agreed upon, it was not for a time certain. No doubt that an *143 employee at will has a right to compensation upon the performance of services. See Boatmen's Ark., Inc. v. Farmer, 66 Ark.App. 240, 989 S.W.2d 557 (1999). The term or duration of the agreed-upon compensation was not part of the contract, and it was therefore subject to prospective alteration at any time. There is no substantial evidence to support the jury's verdict on the breach-of-contract claim. We reverse and dismiss the breach-of-contract verdict.
We next consider whether there was substantial evidence to support the jury's verdict that appellee Mikles was wrongfully discharged. The general rule is that "when the term of employment in a contract is left to the discretion of either party, or left indefinite, or terminable by either party, either party may put an end to the relationship at will and without cause." Marine Servs. Unlimited, Inc. v. Rakes, 323 Ark. 757, 763, 918 S.W.2d 132, 134-35 (1996) (quoting City of Green Forest v. Morse, 316 Ark. 540, 546, 873 S.W.2d 155, 158 (1994)). Stated another way, an employer may terminate the employment of an at-will employee without cause. See Faulkner v. Ark. Children's Hosp., 347 Ark. 941, 69 S.W.3d 393 (2002); Crain Indus., Inc. v. Cass, 305 Ark. 566, 810 S.W.2d 910 (1991); Gladden v. Ark. Children's Hosp., 292 Ark. 130, 728 S.W.2d 501 (1987). However, an at-will employee has a cause of action for wrongful discharge if he or she is fired in violation of a well-established public policy of the state. Northport Health Svcs. v. Owens, 356 Ark. 630, 158 S.W.3d 164 (2004). The public policy exception presents an exclusive contract cause of action. See Howard Brill, Arkansas Law of Damages (3d ed.) § 19-2; Sterling Drug, Inc. v. Oxford, 294 Ark. 239, 743 S.W.2d 380 (1988). The exception is limited and not meant to protect merely private or proprietary interests. Sterling Drug, Inc. v. Oxford, supra. The burden of establishing a prima facie case of wrongful discharge is upon the employee, but once the employee has met his burden, the burden shifts to the employer to prove that there was a legitimate, nonretaliatory reason for the discharge. Gen. Elec. Co. v. Gilbert, 76 Ark.App. 375, 65 S.W.3d 892 (2002).
Mikles alleged that he was fired because he had filed suit for breach of contract, and therefore, his termination was solely in retaliation. The city responded that Mikles was an at-will employee subject to dismissal at any time for any reason, and further that there was no retaliatory reason for discharge. The jury was instructed that if the discharge was based solely on filing a lawsuit, then that would be a violation of public policy.[2] There was no objection to this jury instruction. The jury found that Mikles had proven that he was fired in retaliation for his lawsuit.
The city argues that there is ample evidence of other reasons for Mikles's being terminated, unrelated to his filing a lawsuit. However, this is not the focus of *144 appellate inquiry. We determine whether there was substantial evidence upon which the jury could base a decision that the reason for Mikles's termination was because he filed a lawsuit against the city. There was such substantial evidence, and therefore we affirm this point.
The jury verdict for breach of contract is reversed. The jury verdict for wrongful discharge is affirmed.
GLADWIN and BAKER, JJ., agree.
NOTES
[1]  The mayor was also a named party because he was sued in his official capacity. However, for ease of reading, we refer only to the city as a named party and the primary appellant.
[2]  The supreme court in Sterling Drug, Inc. v. Oxford, 294 Ark. 239, 743 S.W.2d 380 (1988), held that an employer should not have an absolute and unfettered right to terminate an employee for an act done for the good of the public. No party challenged the trial court's rendering of a jury instruction that if Mikles was fired solely in retaliation for filing his lawsuit, this constituted a violation of public policy. While it would be for a jury to determine the reason for the plaintiff's termination, the question of whether the reason asserted by the plaintiff was in violation of a well-established public policy of the state is ordinarily a question of law for the court. Koenighain v. Schilling Motors, Inc., 35 Ark. App. 94, 811 S.W.2d 342 (1991). We render no opinion on the legal soundness of this jury instruction regarding whether a violation of public policy occurred.


El capítulo número 26 de dragon ball héroes
finalmente se ha estrenado y trajo consigo
la nueva transformación de gokú y vegeta
xeno, /la fase cuatro limit breaker/.
(Fase cuatro limit breaker*)
(Me estoy excitanto tanto*)
Y a su vez nos mostró unos cuantos combates
entre janemba y los guerreros Z, también
participaron los seres demoniacos salsa y
putin en este combate, y pudimos ver y apreciar
un poco más a fondo el poder de estos seres
demoniacos.
(Inteligente no-)
Así que este episodio 26 de dragon ball héroes
trajo consigo un sinfín de momentos épicos,
desde unas cuantas fumadas al estilo yamchiano
de la TOEI hasta unos cuantos niveles de poder
muy interesantes.
Así que el día de hoy analizaremos detalladamente
todos y cada uno de estos niveles de poder,
con la ayuda de mis argumentos científicamente
fumados.
(Harry me dice que tienes mente científica*)
(Que*)
Como ya es costumbre en dragon ball héroes
los combates nunca cesan en este anime promocional
/y el capítulo 26 no fue la excepción/ comenzando
con un janemba siendo conectado fuertemente
contra una montaña por salsa y putine.
(Pobre cosita fea*)
Dejando estos seres demoniacos a janemba aturdido
por unos cuantos segundos, tiempo que estos
aprovechan para interactuar con gokú trunks
y compañía.
Y según el capítulo anterior y esté episodio
se ha logrado mostrar un poco de superioridad
de salsa y putin ante janemba, recordemos
que al finalizar el capítulo 26 se nos mostró
como salsa y putin lograron congelar los pies
de janemba, /y le conectaron un fuerte golpe
mandándolo a volar,/
(Pobre cosita fea)
Hazaña que ni siquiera un gokú y vegeta
Xeno fase cuatro pudieron hacer, siendo estos
patrulleros del tiempo superados muy fácilmente
por janemba.
Y esto también se observó con gokú y vegeta
blue, siendo estos igualmente superados por
janemba.
A tal punto de ver una combinación entre
un gokú xeno fase cuatro y un gokú blue,
para poder darle un golpe que le hiciera daño
a janemba.
Siendo este ataque el único en hacerle un
daño físico notable en comparación con
los ataques anteriores que estos guerreros
habían ejecutado.
Pero claro, esto aún no ha acabado y el poder
de janemba no es solo esto, ya que este ser
demoniaco puede volverse rudo.
(Quieres que me ponga rudo, eh-*)
Y en un inicio pareciera que salsa y putin
son superiores a janemba, /cosa que no es
del todo cierto y ya te explico porque/.
(Vaya pero que reflejos- El Hombre araña*)
(Quitate el sombrero en señal de respecto*)
Tanto salsa y putin lograron conectar tan
fácilmente ha janemba debido a que este ser
demoniaco estaba un tanto desprevenido, y
pudieron fácilmente inmovilizarl, en cambio
cuando estos tuvieron un combate real con
janemba, janemba le estaba dando bastantes
problemas a ambos, a tal punto de esquivar
sus ataques muy fácilmente, y poderlos conectar
sin ninguna dificultad.
Así que, en esta comparación, salsa y putin
dejarían de ser superiores a janemba a estar
por debajo de esté.
Pero aun así seguirían siendo superiores
a gokú xeno y al gokú de super que todos
conocemos.
/Y claro más adelante explicaremos más sobre
esto/
(buena decisión*)
Y bueno, volviendo al capítulo 26, salsa
y putin conectan a janemba y tienen una pequeña
conversación con gokú y compañía, donde
se nos muestra a una tierra destruida y desolada
/siendo su energía absorbida por el árbol
universal de fu,/
Seguido a esto janemba vuelve al ataque y
trunks pasa de usar la fase tres a utilizar
la fase dios roja.
Cosa que es bastante impresionante, ya que
trunks fase tres no pudo tener ninguna participación
en el combate utilizando este estado, pero
ahora que usa la fase dios puede conectarle
al menos un ataque de energía a janemba y
hacerlo sufrir un poco de daño.
Claro, este ataque no detiene a este demonio,
pero es un gran avance en cuanto al poder
de trunks se refiere, ya que la fase dios
es muy pero muy y requeté muy superior a
la fase tres, y si nos ponemos un poco técnicos
la fase dios roja es quinientas veces más
fuerte que la fase tres.
(Es una broma verdad*)
Así que, aquí tendríamos a este trunks
con la fase dios siendo superior a la fase
tres, pero aun seguiría siendo muy inferior
a janemba.
(Quede como un tonto anoche*) OPCIONAL.
Después de esto, vemos como janemba vuelve
superar a gokú y vegeta, tal y como lo hizo
en el capítulo anterior, conectándole un
fuerte puñetazo a vegeta por el estómago,
y conecta muy fácilmente a un gokú blue,
a vegeta y gokú xeno, y a trunks una otra
y otra vez.
(Janemba golpea a trunks*) (Ya esta muerto*)
Esto nos dejaría a janemba siendo superior
a gokú y vegeta blue, y superior a un gokú
y vegeta xeno fase cuatro.
Y el mismo gokú xeno se da cuenta de esto
al confirmar que janemba es demasiado poderoso.
En vista de que janemba tiene un poder inalcanzable
salsa le propone a gokú xeno /que los demás
guerreros le brinden su energía, para alcanzar
un nuevo nivel. /
Gokú xeno se sorprende al ver que es posible
incrementar aún más sus poderes.
Así que tanto gokú, vegeta trunks y pan
deciden brindarle su energía a gokú y vegeta
xeno,
Mientras que estos guerreros le brindan la
energía a gokú y vegeta xeno, salsa y putin
comienza a atacar a janemba, /y justo aquí
entra lo que mencionamos hace un momento.
/
Siendo salsa y putin fácilmente superados
por janemba mostrando este demonio una gran
superioridad ante estos dos seres, siendo
estos incapaz de darle un solo golpe a janemba
esquivando esté muy fácilmente sus ataques.
Así que como se mencionó y confirmo hace
un momento salsa y putin son superiores a
un gokú xeno fase cuatro al mostrar un mejor
combate ante janemba que el que tuvo este
saiyajin, y eso que gokú xeno lucho junto
con el gokú y vegeta de super, trunks y vegeta
xeno, y aun así fueron aplastados por janemba,
en cambio salsa y putin fueron superados /pero
al menos dieron un combate más equilibrado
por decirlo de alguna manera/
Y después de unos segundos gokú y vegeta
alcanzan la fase cuatro full power.
(SSJ4 Limit breaker*) (Es linda bob sponja*)
Justo en el momento en que estos guerreros
alcanzan la fase cuatro fulles power, incrementan
su poder de forma abismal, a tal punto de
abrumar a janemba con tan solo la onda de
energía que estos emanan.
Y el mismo doctor doble uve siete el poder
de gokú y vegeta sabiendo que estos /han
sobrepasado sus límites./
Pero justo aquí es donde se ve la gran diferencia
de poder que hay entre un gokú xeno fase
cuatro full power y janemba, siendo gokú
tan rápido que lo conecta sin siquiera esta
darse cuenta,
Siendo en este punto tanto gokú como vegeta
superior a janemba, después vemos como janemba
realiza una serie de ataques de energía,
y gokú y vegeta con mucha facilidad reciben
estos ataques sin siquiera sufrir ningún
daño.
Mientras que en el capítulo anterior estos
patrulleros del tiempo utilizando la fase
cuatro fueron derrotados con tan solo recibir
un solo ataque de janemba. Siendo estos incapaces
de soportar estos ataques de energía de janemba,
y síp compañeros, el poder de gokú xeno
fase cuatro full power es sorprendente.
(Yo tambien estoy sorprendido por el poder
que tengo ahora*)
Una cosa que llama mucho la atención y vale
la pena mencionar es como gokú xeno menciona
que solo tienen una oportunidad.
Y estos deciden derrotar a janemba de una
vez por todas sin dar mucho rodeo.
Lo que nos lleva a pensar que el poder de
la fase cuatro full power es temporal y no
permanente, siendo algo similar a lo visto
con gokú cuando alcanzo la fase dios por
primera vez en la batalla de los dioses.
Al este saiyajin recibir el poder de los 6
saiyajines de corazón puro, obteniendo gokú
la fase dios por un breve periodo de tiempo
y posteriormente este pierde la esencia del
estado dios.
Y es posible que lo mismo suceda con la fase
cuatro full power y la esencia de este estado
sea temporal, al este recibir el poder de
los otros cuatros saiyajines, que se va desvaneciendo
muy rápidamente.
Y gokú se percata de esto por ende este decide
acabar con janemba lo más rápido posible,
recordemos que gokú y vegeta xeno son patrulleros
del tiempo mucho más experimentados que el
gokú y vegeta de super y no le gusta vacilar,
/como lo hizo vegitto blue en su batalla contra
zamasu, y justo cuando estaba a punto de dar
el ataque final pierde la fusión. /
Esto mismo sucedió con gogeta fase cuatro
de dragon ball Gt y no uso todo su poder desde
el comienzo y el/ desgaste de energía de
la fusión hizo que gokú y vegeta se separaran.
/
(ouuu rayos*)
Ahora bien, volviendo al capítulo 26, gokú
y vegeta deciden hacer el ataque del dragon,
pero esta vez lo hacen de forma más trifásicamente
perrona, y hacen un puño del dragon doble.
(Puño del dragon*) (Y yo soy el enfermo*)
Derrotando a janemba xeno con este super ataque
del dragon, y minutos después estos saiyajines
pierden la transformación de la fase cuatro
full power.
(El resultado fue como esperaba*)
Y estos todos y cada uno de estos son los
niveles de poder mostrados en el capítulo
26 de dragon ball héroes, estando trunks
fase tres en la séptima posición, mientras
que trunks fase dios estaría en una sexta
posición, mientras que gokú y vegeta xeno
fase cuatro en una quinta, mientras que gokú
y vegeta blue en una cuarta, por encima de
estos estaría salsa y putin estando ubicados
en el tercer puesto de este ranking.
(Acaso no lo viste venir*)
Mientras que en el puesto número dos se posicionaría
black janemba, y finalmente en el puesto número
uno gokú y vegeta xeno fase cuatro full power
ocuparían el primer lugar en este ranking.
Y estos fueron los niveles de poder mostrados
en el capítulo 26 de dragon ball héroes
compañero.
(Has flipao he*)
Si te gusto este nuevo tipo de video y quieres
ver más niveles de poder de los capítulos
de dragon ball héroes, o incluso saber los
niveles de poder del capítulo 63 del manga
de dragon ball super házmelo saber aquí
abajito en los comentarios, comentando.
#Nivelesdepoder.
Y con este comentario sabré que quieres ver
más videos como este compañero.
Recuerda que si te gusto este video te invito
a regalarme un super pulgar arriba y suscribirte
a este canal para formar parte de esta gran
familia saiyajin, si te acabas de suscribir
o ya estas suscrito, escribe lo siguiente
en las cajas de comentarios, ya soy parte
de la familia saiyajin, que yo estaré dejando
corazoncitos en sus comentarios.
Recuerda seguirme en mis redes sociales que
dejare los enlaces aquí abajo en la descripción,
ha, recuerda activar la campanita de notificaciones
para enterarte de cada vez que suba un video
nuevo.
Y sin más que agregar su compañero Cypro
se despide.
Adiossss!


Simon de Lalaing

Simon de Lalaing (1405–1476) was an Admiral of Flanders from 1436 to 1462, after which he relinquished the title to his eldest son Othon de Lalaing (+ 1441). He was made a knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1431.

Family
Simon was the 2nd son of Othon, Lord of Lalaing and Yolande of Barbançon, Lady of Montigny.  He married Joanne Of Gavere, lady of Escornaix with whom he had two children, Joost, Lord of Montigny and Willem.

Career
Between 1437 and 1438, with the approval of Philip the Good, he led the piracy targeted at English ships from the city of Sluis. Even though he was no longer admiral in 1464, he was involved in equipping the fleet for the crusade against the Ottomans that Pope Pius II had proclaimed. The crusade was led by Antoine, bastard of Burgundy, and Simon took part in it as well.

Sources
 (1998): Zeemacht en onmacht, Maritieme politiek in de Nederlanden, 1488 -1558, De Bataafsche Leeuw, Amsterdam.

References

Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece
Category:Burgundian knights
Category:1405 births
Category:1476 deaths
Si


Protective effect of the tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonist nepadutant in acute rectocolitis induced by diluted acetic acid in guinea-pigs.
We have evaluated the potential protective activity of nepadutant, a selective tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonist, in a model of acute rectocolitis induced by an enema with 7.5% acetic acid in guinea-pigs. The injury was quantified visually by using a macroscopic injury score, and histologically by using a necrosis score. In addition, changes in myeloperoxidase activity, a marker for neutrophil infiltration, and plasma protein extravasation were evaluated. The injury caused by 7.5% acetic acid was mild, affecting the superficial layers and producing a strong edema of the submucosa. A single administration of nepadutant (0.3-10 mg/kg s.c., 1 h before acetic acid) markedly reduced the macroscopic damage and necrosis score and the increase in plasma protein extravasation induced by 7.5% acetic acid in the early phase of the injury. Single administration of nepadutant (3 mg/kg s.c.) reduced the macroscopic score and myeloperoxidase activity at the top (24 h) of inflammation. Repeated administration (3 mg/kg s.c. three times during 24 h) or co-administration of the tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist MEN 11467 (3 mg/kg s.c.) did not enhance the antiulcer effect obtained with the single treatment with nepadutant. These data suggest the involvement of tachykinin NK2 receptors in the first phases of inflammation induced by acetic acid.


Pages

Tuesday, December 9, 2008

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The views and opinions expressed on this blog are purely on my own.

It accepts forms of cash advertising, sponsorship, paid insertions or other forms of compensation. The compensation received may influence the advertising contents, topics or posts made in this blog. That content may not always be identified as paid or sponsored content.

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A four-year-old horse named Crikey surprised everyone this past week at Crooked Mile Court in Placerville, Sacramento when he walked up the stairs of his barn to munch on some delectable hay. Yes, he walked up the stairs, but


Prevention of a systematic underestimation of antioxidant activity in competition assays. The impact of unspecific reactions of the reactive species.
In antioxidant competition assays, an antioxidant (A) and a detector compound (D) compete for a reactive species (R). In the evaluation of these assays, it is tacitly assumed that all of R is captured by either D or A. Due to the - by definition - high reactivity of R, unspecific reactions of R are likely to occur and neglecting these reactions will result in a systematic underestimation of antioxidant activity. It was shown that in the standard hydroxyl radical scavenging assay this was indeed the case; the inaccurate mathematical evaluation resulted in an underestimation of antioxidant activity of 25% in this competition assay. The systematic underestimation of antioxidant activity can be prevented by using an adjusted Stern-Volmer equation that takes into account that only part of R is captured by D or A.


Rifle-Carrying Man Faces Terrorism Charge After Causing Panic At Walmart In Missouri

Enlarge this image toggle caption Greene County Sheriff's Office Greene County Sheriff's Office

Updated at 9:08 p.m. ET

Prosecutors in Springfield, Mo., have filed formal charges of making a terrorist threat in the second degree against a 20-year-old man arrested for wearing body armor and carrying a loaded rifle — and more than 100 rounds of ammunition — at a Walmart store Thursday.

Officers had rushed to the Walmart Neighborhood Market, responding to calls of a potential shooter at the store where they encountered Dmitriy Andreychenko. Afterwards, police said they believe he didn't want to kill anyone; instead, he wanted to cause chaos.

Andreychenko had a slightly different story.

"I wanted to know if that Walmart honored the 2nd Amendment," he is quoted as saying in a police statement. He also said he did not expect people in Missouri to react they way they did. "I understand if we were somewhere else like New York or California, people would freak out."

"His intent was not to cause peace or comfort to anybody that was in the business here," Springfield Police Lt. Mike Lucas told journalists at the scene. "In fact, he's lucky he's alive still, to be honest."

If convicted, Andreychenko faces four years in prison and/or a fine of $10,000.

"This was a reckless act designed to scare people, disrupt our business and it put our associates and customers at risk," said Walmart spokeswoman LeMia Jenkins in an emailed statement. "We applaud the quick actions of our associates to evacuate customers from our store, and we're thankful no one was injured. This person is no longer welcome in our stores."

Andreychenko seems to have been making a video of himself as he walked around the store. According to local TV station KY3, "Witnesses say he grabbed a cart and began pushing it around the store. Police say the man was recording himself walking through the store via a cellphone."

Less than a week after a gunman launched a deadly assault on a crowded Walmart in El Paso, Texas, the sudden appearance of a man wearing military-style clothing and carrying a tactical rifle set off a panic at the Walmart store in Springfield.

Store employees pulled the fire alarm and shouted for people to flee. As they did, Andreychenko followed them outside.

In the parking lot, Andreychenko was detained at the scene by an off-duty firefighter who was armed and held the man at gunpoint until police arrived, according to the Springfield Police Department. He was arrested without incident, and no injuries have been reported.

His arrest was captured on video. Witness Julie Belew filmed him from inside her car. The footage shows the young man walking down a grassy embankment, his hands over his head. Off camera, the firefighter can be heard reporting the incident to emergency dispatchers.

"Don't touch that rifle," a man commands Andreychenko as he heads down the hill, still holding his cellphone.

Andreychenko obeyed instructions to kneel and turn around — apparently revealing that he also had a handgun in his waistband. Police arrived within minutes to take him into custody.

Missouri is an open-carry state. But its laws do prohibit gun owners from displaying their weapons in a threatening way.

For instance, even someone who holds a valid conceal-carry endorsement and is openly carrying a gun can run afoul of the law "if the firearm is intentionally displayed in an angry or threatening manner, not in necessary self-defense."

"Missouri protects the right of people to open carry a firearm, but that does not allow an individual to act in a reckless and criminal manner endangering other citizens," Greene County Prosecuting Attorney Dan Patterson said in a statement. Patterson compared the man's actions to "falsely shouting fire in a theater causing a panic."

"As Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes famously explained, 'the most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theatre causing a panic,'" he added.

Andreychenko is being held at the Greene County jail.


Optical sensing and biosensing based on non-spherical noble metal nanoparticles.
Non-spherical noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) have widely tunable localized surface plasmon resonance, very high extinction coefficient, and strongly facet-dependent adsorption/binding properties. A few non-spherical noble metal NPs have been employed as reporters and/or modulators for various optical sensing. This review summarizes recent progress in the study of design, performance, and application of colorimetric and fluorescent sensing/biosensing systems based on three kinds of non-spherical noble metal NPs with different dimension, namely, one- (or quasi-one) dimensional nanorods, two-dimensional nanoplates, and three-dimensional nanodendritics; furthermore, the future developments in this research area are also discussed.


Q:

String or Integer variable Listener in java?

First off, I am pretty new to java and I am just staring to get the hang of how static classes can interface with non-static classes and how to get a static class to update a textbox.
I keep searching for information, but I cannot find anything.  I need a variable listener.  here is something like what I am trying to do:
public class Class1{

public static int X;
public static void Process(){
   for (true){
        X = X + 1;
    }
}

Then I have another class where I want to bind a variable to a textbox
Public class Class2{
  ****** On Class1.X.changeValue { Form.jLabel1.setText(Class1.X) }
}

I hope I was clear on what I am trying to do.  I am trying to bind a label to a variable.

A:

you can use Observer Design pattern

A:

In Java there is no language specific way to have listeners on variables. What you will need to do is when your code changes the variable then have it also update the JLabel.
You can have listeners on buttons and other UI widgets and they might update the JLabel.
One way you might implement this is as follows. Do you know about getters and setters ? They are methods that do the getting and setting of instance variables.
private int x;

public int getX()
{
    return x;
}

public void setX(int anX)
{
    x = anX;
    updateLabel("This is x:" + anX)
}

public void process()
{
    while(true)
    {
        int anX = getX();
        setX(anX + 1);
    }
}

You should really try to minimize the use of statics as much as possible, They tend to encourage "Global Variables"


List of Publication » Coherence in laser-driven electrons at the surface and in the volume of solid matter
Hommelhoff P (2017)
Applied Physics B-Lasers and Optics
Beitrag in einer Fachzeitschrift

Details zur Publikation

Abstract

The femtosecond frequency comb allows controlling the carrier field of ultrashort laser pulses. We show two examples on how this control over fields oscillating with a few hundred terahertz can be utilized to control electrons at the surface and in the volume of solids. After a brief discussion of strong-field physics at metal needle tips, we show how ultrafast two-color laser pulses allow quantum path interference to dramatically alter the emission current from sharp tips, with an interference visibility of 94%. With carrier-envelope phase-controlled laser pulses, we show furthermore how light-field sensitive currents can be excited in monolayer graphene via an interplay of interband and intraband electron dynamics including multiple Landau–Zener transitions.


Presented 18 invited talks over the past year in a concerted effort to disseminate widely the profound new capabilities of mass spectrometry to the solution for biomedical problems SEE LIST ON FOLLOWING PAGE) INVITED TALKS AND SEMINARS (October 97 - September 98) Brian T. Chait Oct 26-30, 1997 24th Annual Conference of the Federation of Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy Societies, Providence, Rhode Island Nov 5-9, 1997 Asilomar Conference, Pacific Grove, California Nov30-Dec.5, 1997 1St International Peptide Symposium, Kyoto, Japan Jan 6-8, 1998 1st Symposium on the Analysis of Well Characterized Biotechnology Pharmaceuticals, San Francisco, California Jan 24-27, 1998 Sanibel Conference, Sanibel Island, Florida Feb 10-12, 1998 National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colorado Mar 3-4, 1998 The Pittsburgh Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana Mar20, 1998 Mt. Sinai Hospital - B00. of Physiology and Biophysics, New York Apr 1-3, 1998 U.S. DOE/NIH Informatics Workshop, Dulles, Virginia Apr 15, 1998 Johns Hopkins - Baltimore, Maryland Apr 16, 1998 Cornell University Medical School- Biochemistry B00., NY, NY Apr 23, 1998 New York Blood Center, New York, N.Y. May 6, 1998 Mitotix, Cambridge, Mass. May 31-Jun 5, 1998 ASMS Meeting, Orlando, Florida Jul 1, 1998 New York Structural Biology Group, Cold Spring Harbor, NY Rong Wang Nov. 16 - 21, 1997 ACS Eastern Analytical Symposium, Somerset, NJ. April 23-24, 1998 The 29th Annual Oak Ridge Conference of American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Raleigh, NC. Yingming Zhao Oct 1997 B00. Biochem, Univ. Toronto, Canada


Conditioning out-of-date bank-stored red blood cells using a cell-saver auto-transfusion device: effects on numbers of red cells and quality of suspension fluid.
We investigated the utility of a cell-saver device for processing out-of-date red blood cells, by washing twenty bags of red blood cells that had been stored for between 36 and 55 days. The volume of recovered cells, and the characteristics of the suspension fluid, were measured before and after treatment. The ratio of free haemoglobin to total haemoglobin was up to 0.02 before processing, and up to 0.011 afterwards, changing by between -0.013 and +0.003. This ratio met the current standard for free haemoglobin (less than 0.008 in more than 75% of samples), both before and after processing. Ninety-three percent of red blood cells survived the process. Potassium ion concentration fell from above 15 mmol.l(-1) in all cases, to a mean of 6.4 mmol.l(-1) (p < 0.001). The pH rose to a mean value of 6.44 (p = 0.001). Lactate ion concentration fell to a mean value of 14 mmol.l(-1) (p < 0.001). Sodium ion concentration rose from a mean value of 93 mmol.l(-1) to a mean value of 140 mmol.l(-1) (p < 0.001). A useful proportion of out-of-date red blood cells remained intact after conditioning using a cell-saver, and the process lowered concentrations of potentially toxic solutes in the fluid in which they were suspended.


Pages

Saturday, December 31, 2016

Virtual Goaltender APK 1.2.2

Man the goal and catch some pucks in this fun hockey game by Sierra Lima. Virtual Goaltender is the perfect time waster for fans of the sports with many challenging levels, awesome graphics, and hilarious commentary. Game features:
- 70 levels with varying difficulty
- Make butterfly saves, kick saves, glove saves, blocker saves, skate saves and standup saves.
- Challenge yourself in one time shots, low and high shots,
passing between shooters, etc
- Crowd roaring and amusing commentary
- 5 different goalies, each with their own goaltending style.
- 5 different rinks, including a pro hockey arena or a frozen pond.
- plus much more

More info on Google Play
Requires Android 2.3 and up
Gameplay in action:


Introduction {#S0001}
============

Human immune-deficiency virus (HIV) continues to be one of the top public health priorities in Ethiopia.[@CIT0001] By the end of 2013, there were a total of 593,400 adults living with HIV of which only 298,512 were on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Moreover, an estimated 45,200 people died due to HIV-related conditions in 2013.[@CIT0002] HAART is a life-saving treatment for patients with HIV which is an important component of the overall treatment plan among HIV patients.[@CIT0003] Since the introduction of HAART, the impact of HIV infection has significantly decreased[@CIT0004] due to viral suppression, restoring and preserving immune function, improving quality of life, and reducing HIV related morbidity and mortality along the course of treatment.[@CIT0005]--[@CIT0007]

Globally, many reports revealed that HIV infected individuals are experiencing virological, clinical, and immunological treatment failures.[@CIT0007] Virological failure, which is more suggestive of treatment failure of HAART, is a common problem that an HIV infected individual faces after starting treatment. Current World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines recommend that virological failure should not exceed 10% RNA copies per mL of plasma from the initiation of HAART.[@CIT0008] Patients who have experienced virological failure were found to have an increased risk of clinical progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and mortality compared with patients with virological success.[@CIT0009] Previous studies reported various factors like baseline CD4+ T cell counts,[@CIT0005],[@CIT0009]-[@CIT0011] being younger,[@CIT0012]--[@CIT0014] longer duration on HAART,[@CIT0010],[@CIT0013],[@CIT0015] poor adherence to treatment[@CIT0012],[@CIT0013],[@CIT0016],[@CIT0017] and current lower CD4+ T cell counts[@CIT0015],[@CIT0018] as associated with virological failure.

The introduction of combination therapy[@CIT0019],[@CIT0020] has modified the natural history of HIV infection from an end of life event to a manageable chronic condition[@CIT0021] thereby changing the landscape of HIV related mortality. Despite the benefits of HAART, it is not without challenges. There are many adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with HAART treatment resulting in negative health outcomes[@CIT0022],[@CIT0023] and increased mortality.[@CIT0024] Treatment discontinuation and medication non-adherence associated with ADRs are significant risk factors to catalyze virological failure.[@CIT0025],[@CIT0026] HAART failure to first-line regimens resulting from ADRs creates the need for very expensive and difficult-to-implement second-line regimens. Second-line HAART regimens are often unaffordable and largely donor dependent in resource-limited settings.[@CIT0027]

The United Nations program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) is aimed at the "90-90-90 target" to maintain viral suppression in 90% of persons on HAART by 2020.[@CIT0028] An important strategy to achieve this target, apart from the promotion of treatment adherence, is the use of a safer HAART regimen to promote maximal viral suppression and immune reconstitution.[@CIT0029],[@CIT0030] Identifying and managing determinants of virological failure have an important role in achieving high treatment success, improving the quality of life, and increasing survival rate from treatment failure. However, there is limited evidence on the epidemiology of virological failure among HIV infected individuals on HAART in the study area. Thus, this study aimed to identify the prevalence and determinants of virological failure among HIV-infected individuals on HAART in Adigrat General Hospital, Northern Ethiopia.

Methods {#S0002}
=======

Study Design, Area and Period {#S0002-S2001}
-----------------------------

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was employed to assess the prevalence of virological failure and determinants among HIV infected individuals on highly active retroviral therapy in Adigrat General Hospital, Eastern Tigrai, Ethiopia from September to December 2019.

Adigrat General Hospital is one of the governmental Hospitals located in Adigrat Town and was established to serve people from 6 weredas (districts). The Hospital is currently providing teaching and referral services for a population of more than 1,000,000 with an average annual client flow of 131,125 people.[@CIT0031] The Hospital has about 120 beds with a total of 209 health care providers and 132 administrative staff. There are 10 health care providers in the HAART clinic of the Hospital with a total of 1582 HIV patients currently on HAART. There is also an integrated service of ART clinic, laboratory services and pharmacy department. CD4+ T cell and viral load determinations are being used to monitor the effectiveness of HAART therapy with additional laboratory tests like complete blood cells and chemistry tests.

Source Population {#S0002-S2002}
-----------------

All HIV infected individuals on HAART who were attending Adigrat General Hospital.

Study Population {#S0002-S2003}
----------------

All HIV infected individuals on HAART who attended appointments at the HAART clinic in the hospital during the study period.

Sampling Technique and Sample Size {#S0002-S2004}
----------------------------------

A convenience sampling technique was used to enroll the study participants among HIV infected individuals on HAART.The sample size was calculated using a single population proportion and determined using the following assumptions 95% CI, 5% margin of error and considering 50% prevalence rate.

Then total sample size (n) = (Zα/~2~)^2^ (p) (1-p)/d^2^ = (1.96)2 (0.5) (0.5)/0.05 = 384

While (Zα/~2~ = 1.96), p is estimated prevalence (50%) and d is margin of error (5%) which Finally, after adding 10% non-response rate 422 study participants were enrolled.

Eligibility Criteria {#S0002-S2005}
--------------------

### Inclusion Criteria {#S0002-S2005-S3001}

HIV infected individuals with at least 6 months of follow-up on HAARTHIV infected individuals who have provided written informed consent for individuals greater than 18 years of age or those individuals less than 18 years who have informed consent from a parent/guardian.

### Exclusion Criteria {#S0002-S2005-S3002}

HIV patients who were critically ill and unconsciousHIV infected individuals with incomplete charts

### Dependent Variable {#S0002-S2005-S3003}

Virological response

### Independent Variables {#S0002-S2005-S3004}

Age, sex, intake of modern contraceptives, residence, adherence to treatment, co-infection with tuberculosis, marital status, educational status, body mass index, functional status, baseline CD4+ T cell count, WHO stage, presence of opportunistic infections

Data Collection, Preparation, and Analysis {#S0002-S2006}
------------------------------------------

### Data Collection {#S0002-S2006-S3001}

An interviewer-based semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data (age, sex, modern contraceptive intake, BMI, and residence). Clinical data (duration of HAART, current adherence to HAART, TB co-infection, eligibility criteria, cotrimoxazole intake, functional status, WHO stage, TB status, and presence of opportunistic infections) and previous results of CD4+ T cell counts for each patient were collected from patients' medical records and through the questionnaire.

### Sample Collection, Transportation, and Viral Load Determination {#S0002-S2006-S3002}

About 4 mL of venous blood was collected from each patient by trained laboratory professionals using EDTA vacutainer tube. Plasma was separated by centrifugation at 1500 rpm for 10 minutes and transferred into a sterile screw-capped polypropylene (Cryo) tube. The plasma specimens were then frozen at −20 °C and transported to Tigrai Research and Health Institute (THRI) adhering to the cold chain processes within 3 days of collection for viral load determination. To ensure the safety of the plasma specimens we applied triple packaging and labelled with UN3373. In the THRI, HIV-1 RNA was extracted from each patient's plasma using the Abbott m2000sp automated sample preparation system (Abbott Molecular™, USA). Further RNA quantitative determination was performed using Abbott m2000rt quantitative Real-Time HIV-1 assay (Abbott Molecular™, USA) with a detection level of 40 to 10 million RNA copies/mL.

Data Analysis {#S0002-S2007}
-------------

We used STATA Version 14 software for data entry and analysis. Descriptive statistics were performed. Data were summarized and organized using figures and frequency tables. Bi-variate and multi-variate regression analysis were employed to measure the association between dependent and independent variables using backward model analysis. Variables with p \< 0.2 in the bivariate logistic regression were imported to multi-variate regression analysis to identify the factors that have statistical significance in relation to the dependent variable. In the multivariate analysis, multicollinearity was considered by performing variance inflation factor (VIF) to indicate the correlation of independent variables to each other. Additionally, Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit statistic was considered for the logistic regression. A p-value of \< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Quality Control {#S0002-S2008}
---------------

Quality of laboratory data was maintained by strictly following standard operational procedures (SOPs) during sample collection, handling, and transportation. Quality control reagents were included in each test to evaluate the run validity of the viral load determination. Furthermore, viral load reagents were checked for expiry date. Questionnaires were checked for completeness and consistency on a daily bases during data collection by the principal investigator. Patient records were managed for confidentiality.

Operational Definition {#S0002-S2009}
----------------------

### Treatment Adherence {#S0002-S2009-S3001}

Taking HAART medications properly on a consistent basis over time and not missing doses of the prescribed therapeutic agents.[@CIT0008] Good adherence: When the average treatment adherence of HIV patients is greater than or equal to 95%.Average Adherence: The average treatment adherence by the patients is from 85% to 94%.Weak Adherence: The average treatment adherence by the patients is less than 85%.

### Immune Reconstitution {#S0002-S2009-S3002}

The ability of the body to respond to HAART and recovery of CD4+ T cell counts. Failure in Immune Reconstitution: CD4+ T cell counts to baseline or below/CD4+ T cell counts below 100 cells/mm^3^ for consecutive tests during the course of HAART.[@CIT0008]Success in immune reconstitution: CD4+ T cell counts greater than the baseline count after initiation of HAART.[@CIT0008]

### Virological Failure {#S0002-S2009-S3003}

When the viral load of the HIV infected individual is greater than 1000 copies/mL of plasma which is determined based on two consecutive viral load measurements with adherence support.[@CIT0032]

Results {#S0003}
=======

Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Patients {#S0003-S2001}
---------------------------------------------

A total of 422 HIV infected individuals on HAART were enrolled in our study, yielding an overall response rate of 93.1% (393/422). Out of the total study participants, 262 (66.7%) were females. The mean age of the study participants was 39 years ranging from 5 to 78 years. The participant had been followed in the clinic from 6 to 180 months with a median of 121 months and IQR of 66 to 132. Nearly two-thirds (249/393) of the study participants were urban dwellers.

Baseline Clinical Characteristics of Patients {#S0003-S2002}
---------------------------------------------

The majority of study participants, 80% (314), were linked to HAART due to clinical staging. One hundred twenty-three (31.3%) of the total study participants were observed to be co-infected with TB. Most of the study participants, 89.1% (350/393), were in WHO clinical stage I. The overall virological failure of HIV patients in our study was 12.5% (49/393) ([Table 1](#T0001){ref-type="table"}). One-hundred ninety-four (49.4%) of the study participants had opportunistic infections, such as: intestinal parasitic infections \[24.23%, 47/194\], fungal infections \[9.3%, 18/194\], varicella-zoster \[6.19%, 12/194\], pneumonia \[5.67%, 11/194\], upper respiratory tract infection \[4.12%, 8/194\] and urinary tract infections \[3.61%, 7/194\].Table 1Demographic, Baseline, Clinical Characteristics, Bivariate and Multivariate Analysis of Determinant Factors with a Virological Response of HAART Among HIV Patients in Adigrat General Hospital, Eastern Tigrai, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study (n = 393)VariablesVirological ResponseP valueCORCIP valueAORCISuccess, N (%)Failure, N (%)SexMale\
Female111 \[84.7\]\
233 \[88.9\]20 \[15.3\]\
29 \[11.1\]0.2371\
1.5\[0.784--2.672\]Age category\<15 years\
15--30 years\
31--45 years\
46--60 years\
\>60 years16 \[72.7\]\
40 \[83.3\]\
184 \[89.8\]\
92 \[86.8\]\
12 \[100\]06 \[7.3\]\
08 \[16.7\]\
21 \[10.2\]\
14 \[13.2\]0.000\
0.001\
0.011\
0.1795.8\
5.6\
2.3\
1.6\
1\[3.019--13.345\]\
\[2.641--11.873\]\
\[1.209--4.467\]\
\[0.810--3.076\]0.750\
0.767\
0.724\
0.3290.6\
0.7\
0.8\
1.5\
1\[0.030--12.644\]\
\[0.101--5.409\]\
\[0.278--2.436\]\
\[0.674--3.246\]Marital statusSingle\
Married\
Widowed\
Divorced85 \[85.9\]\
169 \[89.4\]\
41 \[85.4\]\
49 \[86.0\]14 \[14.1\]\
20 \[10.6\]\
7 \[14.6\]\
8 \[14.0\]0.502\
0.873\
0.461\
0.6941.4\
1\
1.5\
1.4\[0.972--2.341\]\
\[0.493--3.562\]\
\[0.703--2.992\]Educational statusIlliterate\
Read and write\
Primary school\
Secondary/above136 \[84.0\]\
48 \[85.7\]\
96 \[90.6\]\
64 \[92.8\]26\[16\]\
8 \[14.3\]\
10 \[9.4\]\
5 \[7.2\]0.324\
0.543\
0.608\
0.6712.4\
2.1\
1.3\
1\[1.001--5.231\]\
\[0.928--4.908\]\
\[0.104--2.093\]ResidenceUrban\
Rural215 \[86.3\]\
129 \[89.6\]34 \[13.7\]\
15 \[10.4\]0.3511.4\
1\[0.713--2.594\]BMINormal\
Overweight\
Undernourished199 \[88.8\]\
35 \[94.6\]\
110 \[83.3\]25 \[11.2\]\
02 \[5.4\]\
22 \[16.7\]0.009\
0.0011\
0.6\
2\[0.281--0.667\]\
\[1.097--5.453\]0.001\
0.0011\
1.19\
2.1\[0.290--1.717\]\
\[1.332--8.271\]Cotrimoxazole intakeNo\
Yes68 \[85\]\
276 \[88.2\]12\[15\]\
37 \[11.8\]0.4440.8\
1\[0.376--1.535\]Eligibility criteriaClinical staging\
Test and treat\
Transferred in273 \[86.9\]\
19 \[79.2\]\
52 \[94.5\]41 \[13.1\]\
05 \[20.8\]\
03 \[5.5\]0.034\
0.1011\
3\
1.7\[0.879--6.301\]\
\[0 0.906--3.018\]0.066\
0.0621\
0.3\
0.2\[0.077--1.084\]\
\[0.038--1.085\]Functional statusWorking\
Ambulatory\
Bedridden319 \[87.6\]\
22 \[84.6\]\
03 \[100\]45 \[12.4\]\
4 \[15.4\]0.187\
0.2731\
2.7\
1.6\[0.614--12.115\]\
\[0.671--3.109\]0.492\
0.9991\
1.6\
3.6\[0.403--6.621\]\
\[0.989--5.768\]Base line CD4 \< 250Yes\
No214 \[88.4\]\
130 \[86.1\]28 \[11.6\]\
21 \[13.9\]0.4960.8\
1\[0.442--1.485\]WHO stageStage I\
Stage II\
Stage III\
Stage IV307\[(87.7\]\
19 \[90.5\]\
14 \[82.4\]\
04\[80\]43 \[12.3\]\
02 \[9.5\]\
03 \[17.6\]\
01\[20\]0.072\
0.470\
0.2381\
2.8\
1.5\
2.1\[0.910--8.771\]\
\[0.496--4.565\]\
\[0.891--5.723\]0.772\
0.949\
0.4261\
0.9\
1.1\
3.1\[0.316--2.350\]\
\[0.193--5.778\]\
\[0.193--49.317\]Modern contraceptiveNo\
Yes200 \[88.1\]\
144 \[86.7\]27 \[11.9\]\
22 \[13.3\]0.6871\
1.2\[0.620--2.067\]Adherence to treatmentGood\
Average\
Weak256 \[89.8\]\
25 \[83.3\]\
63 \[80.8\]29 \[10.4\]\
05 \[16.7\]\
15 \[19.2\]0.010\
0.0051\
2.1\
3.9\[1.193--3.777\]\
\[2.674--10.439\]0.823\
0.1371\
1.2\
1.8\[0.325--4.116\]\
\[0.832--3.818\]Opportunistic infectionsYes\
No165 \[85.1\]\
179 \[90\]29 \[14.9\]\
20\[10\]0.1441.6\
1\[0.857--2.888\]0.1031.8\
1\[0.892--3.444\]Status TBPositive\
Negative91\[74\]\
253 \[93.7\]32\[26\]\
17 \[6.3\]0.0005.2\
1\[2.773--9.877\]\< 0.0016.1\
1\[3.000--12.223\]Immune-reconstitution statusSuccess\
Failure286 \[96.6\]\
58 \[59.8\]10 \[3.4\]\
39 \[40.2\]0.0001\
18.2\[0.025--19.110\]0.0491\
19.4\[0.019--20.129\][^1]

Comparison of Virological Failure Among Tuberculosis Co-Infected and Mono-Infected Clients {#S0003-S2003}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

From this study, the prevalence of virological failure among HIV/TB co-infected patients was 26% (32/123) compared to 6.3% (17/270) amongst HIV mono-infected patients ([Figure 1](#F0001){ref-type="fig"}).Figure 1Prevalence of virological failure among HIV patients co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV mono-infected individuals on HAART in Adigrat General Hospital, Eastern Tigrai, Ethiopia, 2019: a cross-sectional study (n = 393).**Abbreviations:** HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Prevalence and Determinants of Virological Failure of HAART Among HIV Patients {#S0003-S2004}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The overall prevalence of virological failure was 12.47% (49/393). Increased virological failure was observed among clients with overweight body mass index \[AOR = 1.19, 95% CI: \[0.290--1.717\], p = 0.001\], being malnourished \[AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: \[1.322--8.271\], p = 0.001\], individuals with tuberculosis infection \[AOR = 6.1, 95% CI: 3.000,12.223, p \< 0.001\] and immunological treatment failure \[AOR = 19.4, 95% CI: \[0.019, 20.129\], P = 0.049\] ([Table 1](#T0001){ref-type="table"}).

Discussion {#S0004}
==========

In this current study, the overall virological failure of HAART treatment was 12.47% (49/393). This finding aligned with a number of studies previously conducted in Ethiopia such as: in Tigrai, 11.5%,[@CIT0033] Gondar, 11.8% and 14.7%,[@CIT0018],[@CIT0034] Bahir Dar, 10.7%[@CIT0035] and Addis Ababa 15%.[@CIT0036] Studies outside of Ethiopia showing similar rate of virological failure were found in Zambia 12.3%,[@CIT0037] Tanzania, 12.3%,[@CIT0038] Malawi, 9.2%,[@CIT0039] Nigeria, 13.7%,[@CIT0040] South Africa, 13.7%,[@CIT0041] Uganda, 9.9%, 11.3% and 14.15%,[@CIT0042]--[@CIT0044] New Guinea, 13.7%,[@CIT0045] China, 13.4%,[@CIT0046] Thailand, 9.6%,[@CIT0047] Nepal, 9.9%,[@CIT0048] and Cambodia, 12.9%.[@CIT0049]. The result of the current study was higher for virological failure than previously conducted research in Ethiopia (i.e., Jimma, 5.3%[@CIT0050] and Gondar, 4.1%[@CIT0051]) and Burkina Faso at 7.5%.[@CIT0052] However; our finding was lower than the other studies done in Cameron, 23.2%[@CIT0053] and Kenya, 24%,[@CIT0054] Liberia, 47%,[@CIT0055] Zimbabwe, 30.6%,[@CIT0056] Tanzania 57.1%,[@CIT0057] 32%,[@CIT0058] Cameroon, 20.6%,[@CIT0059] Ghana, 16.7%,[@CIT0060] Togo, 51.6%,[@CIT0061] Colombia, 20.9%,[@CIT0062] India, 69.6%[@CIT0063] and Peru, 24%.[@CIT0064] This variance might be attributed due to differences in cutoff values of viral RNA copies per mL of plasma to be considered as virological failure, the difference among study participants, duration of follow-up, study design, and variations on the treatment adherence of HAART. Moreover, protease inhibitors were used as the first-line HAART regimen[@CIT0052] and nutritional support given for the study participants[@CIT0050] which were different from our setting, difference in a geographical area, study design, and the virological failure cutoff points, in our study, was a plasma viral load ≥ 400 copies/mL,[@CIT0054],[@CIT0057],[@CIT0065] inclusion criteria used, study participants were clinically/immunologically failed,[@CIT0055],[@CIT0066] perinatally infected,[@CIT0061] lower mean age[@CIT0059] and shorter mean time on HAART.[@CIT0060]

Two hundred eighty-five (72.5%) of our study participants had good adherence to treatment. Similar adherence trends were seen in previous studies across Ethiopia including Southern Ethiopia, 81.8%,[@CIT0036] Northwestern Ethiopia, 82.7%[@CIT0067] and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 78.5%.[@CIT0068] However, our study reported lower treatment adherence than select studies conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 97.7%[@CIT0069] and Southwestern Ethiopia, 100%.[@CIT0050] These variations in patient adherence might be due to differences in psychosocial support of relatives or the society, stigma, and lack of commitment to take medications so that HIV patients might drop from the HAART treatment, after not feeling well (perceived it from the medication), fear of treatment side effects, and being busy (forgetting the HAART medication).[@CIT0008],[@CIT0034]

Malnourished and overweight HIV infected individuals were 2.1 (p = 0.001) and 1.19 (p = 0.001) times high likely to experience virological failure than individuals with normal body mass index. This finding aligns with previous studies from Northwestern Ethiopia[@CIT0034] and Northwestern Uganda.[@CIT0070] It is evident that abnormal BMI is correlated significantly with the decrease in CD4+ T cell count and the increase in viral load by progressing into the advanced stage of the disease, and by exposing the patients not taking ART medication (poor adherence).[@CIT0071],[@CIT0072]

This study revealed that virological failure was 6.1 times more likely to occur among TB co-infected individuals than the TB non-infect cohort (p \< 0.001). This was similar to reports from Uganda,[@CIT0073] South Africa.[@CIT0074],[@CIT0075] It is possible for virological failure to lead to incident TB. The risk of virological non-suppression may also be increased by concurrent ART and TB treatment due to impaired treatment adherence and pharmacokinetics drug interactions. Patients on ART with active TB should be prioritized for viral load monitoring and adherence support. Strengthening interventions that prevent incident TB during ART, such as isoniazid prevent therapy and infection control at health facilities, is crucial. A possible explanation for this might be increased viral copies which may compromise immunity and negatively affect response to treatment by contributing to the double burden side effects of tuberculosis and HIV.[@CIT0076]

Individuals with failure of immune reconstitution were observed to be at increased risk of experiencing immunological failure of HAART (p = 0.049). This finding was identified in previous studies from India,[@CIT0077] Northwestern Ethiopia[@CIT0078] and Brazil.[@CIT0079] The failure of immune reconstitution leads to the rapid progression of viral antigen replication.[@CIT0080] Failure in immune reconstitution should also be a surrogate marker for virological failure. Hence, detection and monitoring immunological response of CD4 + T cells for immune reconstitution should be intensified largely to prevent resistance to antiretroviral therapy.[@CIT0080],[@CIT0081]

Strength and Limitation of the Study {#S0005}
====================================

The strength of the study is that both CD4+ T cell counts and viral load determination were assessed for each HIV infected individual on HAART to determine the response to immune reconstitution and virological failure. Despite this approach, the viral load to determine the virological response was performed only once. We should have performed two consecutive measurements to strengthen the findings.

Conclusion {#S0006}
==========

The overall prevalence of virological failure among HIV patients on HAART was high. Factors such as being obese, malnourished, tuberculosis co-infected and failure in immune reconstitution were also associated with virological failure. The virological response should be regularly performed as per the WHO guideline in order to ensure early detection of drug resistance and to respond with the possibility of regimen switching. It is apparent that virological and immunological response in cases of suspected along with clinical failures should be performed simultaneously.

We are thankful to Adigrat General Hospital laboratory, chief executive officer, staffs in the HAART clinic, data collectors and study participants for their valuable contribution to this study. We also want to extend our warmest appreciation to the Tigrai Health Bureau for giving official permission to conduct the research.

Abbreviations {#S0007}
=============

ADRs, adverse drug reactions; AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; UNAIDS, United Nations on HIV/AIDS.

Data Sharing Statement {#S0008}
======================

All datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are summarized in the manuscript.

Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate {#S0009}
==========================================

Ethical clearance was obtained from the research and community service committee of Adigrat University with a reference number of Adigrat University/College of Medicine and Health Science/085/19. Official letters were obtained from Tigrai Regional Health Bureau, Tigrai Research and Health Institute, the Chief Executive Officer of Adigrat Hospital, Department of Patient Records, and Laboratory Head in Adigrat Hospital before the data collection. Written informed consent was sought from each study participant with parents or guardians consenting for participants aged less than 18 years. Data of every HIV patient on HAART were kept confidential. This study was conducted in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki.

Author Contributions {#S0010}
====================

All authors made substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting the manuscript, revising the manuscript critically, read and approve the final draft of the manuscript for submission, gave final approval of the manuscript version to be published and agreed to be accountable for every step of the work.

Disclosure {#S0011}
==========

The authors declared they have no competing interests.

[^1]: **Abbreviations:** AOR, adjusted odds ratio; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; COR, crude odds ratio; TB, tuberculosis; WHO, World Health Organization.


It’s been almost two weeks since we received an exclusive package of documents directly from Guccifer 2, the hacker that picked the DCCC clean of documents.

There’s been a lot to go through and we’ve revealed some of the behind the scenes documents that outline how DCCC plays in party primaries in the Sunshine State.

…But buried deep in the documents of Florida Congressional delegation co-chairman and Senior Democratic whip Alcee Hastings (FL-20) was a complete county-by-county, city-by-city, searchable turnout model for the Democrats this fall!

You won’t read about this on other blogs Florida!

The first document outlined their action plan. One of the most interesting comments on the document relates to the DCCC’s strategy of recruiting a “rich dude self funder” in several races. THE EXCLUSIVE DOCUMENT highlights their strategies in battleground seats in multiple states, including PA, TX, VA, and numerous seats in FL: exclusive-hellofla-south-action-items-comined

Now for the good stuff!

I came across what I can only call The Targeting Spreadsheets. It looks like a jumble of useless data to the untrained eye, and even press would likely miss the significance of these…But insiders like our team at HelloFLA know the DCCC likely poured Millions of dollars into creating these customized targeting plans.

The documents contain the Democrats targeting plans in several battleground states, including the Early Voting Targeting plans in Florida, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Texas, West Virginia, and Virginia, broken down by city/district/county/media market: target-counts-2016-02-09

These “Million Dollar Documents” outline the Democrats’ resource distribution for the election this November are based on math and population patters and are irreplaceable…and you can only find them here on HelloFLA!

One document even has a handy-dandy pivot table that allows you to easily sort the Democrat’s targeting priorities throughout Florida by district and city! For example, in St. Petersburg, home of Peter Schorsh and saintpetersblog.com, lists a target base of 50469 in St. Petersburg and 1190 in St. Pete Beach. Of those in St. Pete Beach, 633 will be getting persuasion pieces and 376 are hardcore Democrats identified for turnout:

City BASE NO TARGET PERSUASION TURNOUT Grand Total South Pasadena 770 2022 633 376 3801 St Pete Beach 1190 4403 1158 495 7246 St Petersburg 50459 80339 21854 31683 184335 Treasure Island 863 3354 815 327 5359

table source: fl-target-counts

…and it goes on and on throughout the state! Taken as a whole, these documents are a roadmap for where the Democrats plan on deploying their resources in battleground states this fall!

So where is the key for these folks to help you drill down?

Well right here of course! The fl-and-va-new-dist-model-report-distro-data drills down and segregates the target count sheet into easily repeatable target lists like: Black, 55-64, 35-44, White, AAPI, 65+, 3/4 Voter, Hispanic, New Voter, 4/4 Voter, Native, 2014 Non-Voter, Ind/Other, 2/4 Voter, Democratic, etc. etc. etc.

Additionally, there is some more base data used to calculate these numbers here, including 2012 turnout models for Early Voting in Florida. fl-new-florida-ptv-number

We also have some documents from the 23rd District in Texas (tx-23-table) and the 10th District in Virginia (va-10-scores-by-precinct) for those folks who are interested….


Q:

How to read a text file into an array in Fortran

Is there any way to condense this code?
.
.
real*4 a4,e4,inc4,capom4,omega4,capm4
integer*2 id2
real*8 array(1e7,8)
.
.
row=0
do n=1,nleft+nbod2-1
 row=row+1
 read(iu) id2,a4,e4,inc4,capom4,omega4,capm4
 array(row,1)=id2
 array(row,2)=a4
 array(row,3)=e4
 array(row,4)=inc4
 array(row,5)=capom4
 array(row,6)=omega4
 array(row,7)=capm4
end do
.
.

I've tried about five different ways starting with an implied DO loop and all result in "forrtl: severe (67): input statement requires too much data...".

A:

Since the OP's code involves mixed data types including integer*2, direct use of read(iu) array( n, 1:7 ) seems not working. So I made another two trials to condense the code. The first one is
read(iu) id2, a4, e4, inc4, capom4, omega4, capm4
array( n, : ) = [ real*8 :: id2, a4, e4, inc4, capom4, omega4, capm4 ]

which saves some lines of code, but still a bit lengthy. So the second trial is
type dat_t
    sequence
    integer*2 :: id2
    real*4    :: a4, e4, inc4, capom4, omega4, capm4
endtype

type(dat_t) :: dat( 10000 )   !! or allocate() if necessary

and read the unformated file as
do n = 1, nleft + nbod2 - 1
    read(iu) dat( n )
enddo

The obtained data can be used as usual, e.g., dat( n )% a4. Here it is important to put the keyword sequence to ensure contiguous arrangement of variables in memory. Otherwise the same error occurs as in the OP's case...
I have tested this with a code below (using gfortran4.8 and ifort14.0)
program main
    integer, parameter :: dp = 8

    type dat_t
        sequence
        character(5) :: s
        integer      :: k
        real(dp)     :: x, y
    endtype

    type(dat_t) :: d( 500 )
    real(dp)    :: a( 100 )

    !! write test data
    open( 10, file="test.dat", form="unformatted" )
    write( 10 ) "hello", 100, 777.0_dp, 888.0_dp
    close( 10 )

    !! read test data
    open( 20, file="test.dat", form="unformatted", status="old" )

    read( 20 ) d( 50 )
    print *, d( 50 )

    a( 1:3 ) = [ real(dp) :: d( 50 )% k, d( 50 )% x, d( 50 )% y ]
    print *, a( 1:3 )

    close( 20 )
end


The present invention relates to a data channel access unit and, more particularly, to a drop/insert multiplexer of the type capable of receiving PCM signals from two directions and connecting a channel from either direction with own channel or connecting some channels of PCM signals from one direction with certain channels of PCM signals for the other direction.
A fundamental drop/insert MUX (multiplexer) is functionally shown in FIG. 1, wherein RPCM 1 and SPCM 1 denote a receive PCM signal and a send PCM signal in one direction (direction 1), similarly, SPCM 2 and RPCM 2 denote a send PCM signal and a receive PCM signal in the other direction (direction 2) and MULDEM 1, 2 denote a respective multiplexer/de-multiplexer for each direction. Numeral 10 denotes a through switch unit and is brought into a "through" condition by turning switches S1 and S2 to "a" side for connecting the RPCM 1 to the SPCM 2 and the RPCM 2 to the SPCM 1 reciprocally, thereby permitting a communication between stations (not shown) installed in the direction 1 and in the direction 2 whilst brought into a "drop/insert" condition by turning the switches S1 and S2 to "b" side for dropping the RPCM 1, 2 into the channel section 12 and inserting the SPCM 1, 2 therefrom, thereby permitting a communication between stations installed at the channel section 12 side and in either direction 1 or 2. It is, therefore, a desirable feature for this type of multiplexer to accommodate any channel in the channel section 12 to operate in the direction 1 or the direction 2 with no restrictions. Block 14 is provided by the present invention to solve these and other problems.
In FIG. 3, there is shown a block diagram of the prior art drop/insert multiplexer, wherein four data lines of R (receive) data 1, R data 2, S (send) data 1, and S data 2 have associated exclusively with four sets of channel pulse [9] for R side in the direction 1, channel pulse [1Q] for R side in the direction 2, channel pulse [11] for S side in the direction 1 and channel pulse [12] for S side in the direction 2.
As seen in the foregoing, in accordance with the prior art, wirings between the MULDEM side and the channel (CH) side are increased in number and there have been caused such problems as lack of flexibility in wiring and, in some occasions, surplus of channel slots due to channel installation spaces provided exclusively for each direction 1 and 2 as it is shown in FIG. 2(a).
In the PCM-30 system, for example, in case of setting 1 CH for the direction 1, 10 CH for the direction 2 and 19 CH for through channels between the direction 1 and 2, there may cause many unused surplus channel slots for the direction 1. More specifically, if full channel slots are provided for the both directions by assigning one slot for one channel, as it is seen in FIG. 2a, there need 30 by 2 slots and 29 slots for the direction 1 will be left unused (20 slots will be left unused for the direction 2). In practice, for making use of the space efficiently, it is common to adopt such an arrangement that one slot is assigned for one sheet and several channels are provided thereon, a number of slots is limited to small instead, of providing full slots, or the like. However, if slots for the directions 1 and 2 are the same in number, for example, and there needed are 29 CH for the direction 1 and 1 CH for the through operation, it will also be of necessity to provide 29 CH for the direction 2 and resulting in a problem of flexibility.
It is, therefore, a principle object of the invention to solve the aforesaid problems and to eliminate the difficulties to be encountered in the installation for providing a drop/insert multiplexer for channel access units having flexibility in the installation of channel slots.
It is another object of the invention to provide a drop/insert multiplexer for channel access units having simple wiring by employing a multiplex channel pulse transmission system.


Reactivation of peroxidase activity in human saliva samples by polyphenols.
The enzyme lactoperoxidase (LPO), which is released into several body fluids like saliva, is an essential part to maintain the oral bacterial homeostasis by catalysing the oxidation of thiocyanate (SCN-) to hypo-thiocyanite (-OSCN). The formation of unreactive redox intermediates (like Compound II) leads to a decreased pseudo-halogenating enzyme activity, which is associated with a higher risk for oral infections. According to former studies with bovine LPO selected flavonoids were tested in respect to their potential to reactivate the enzymatic activity in a more physiological, human salivary system. Saliva samples from healthy donors were collected and characterized by using several gel staining methods and immunoblotting. Afterwards kinetic measurements were performed by applying the TNB-assay to evaluate the pseudo-halogenating salivary peroxidase (SAPX) activity. The measurements were performed in the presence of excess H2O2 to simulate pro-inflammatory conditions. Moreover selected flavonoids or an ethanolic extract of Tormentillae rhizoma were applied to test their regenerating effect on the LPO-derived -OSCN production. Despite the complex protein composition of the collected saliva samples, an SAPX-derived pseudo-halogenating activity could be identified. The -OSCN regenerating effects of the tested polyphenols were completely comparable to previous in vitro experiments with bovine LPO. Thus, we could show that phenolic substances are suitable to regenerate the peroxidase activity in human saliva samples after H2O2-induced inactivation. The studies provide new insights into the effect of pharmaceutical relevant polyphenols on salivary peroxidase activity and thus, suggest this enzyme as a new target for the prevention and therapy of oral inflammatory diseases.


Q:

Apparmor patches for linux kernel 2.6.31

We are working on an embedded system using a MIPS(broadcom) core.
Now i want to patch vendor provided 2.6.31 kernel with apparmor patches.
However I cant find them.
According to http://wiki.apparmor.net/index.php/Main_Page the patches could be found in the Linux git tree at git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jj/apparmor-dev.git. However, that tree cannot be found anymore.(maybe lost after the kernel.org breach ?)
Where can I find this patch now ?
Thx

A:

2.6.31 is quite old at this point; if you can get your vendor to supply you with newer kernel sources, that'd be best.
If they cannot, you can take the patches from a distribution-provided kernel package from that era -- say, the openSUSE 11.2 kernel source rpm.

The primary AppArmor development repository is hosted on LaunchPad:
https://code.launchpad.net/~apparmor-dev/apparmor/master
The git repository you found was a mirror John made from the LaunchPad repository mainly for his own use. Somewhere along the way it was removed and replaced with:
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jj/linux-apparmor.git
The aa-next branch contains John's checkins intended for the next release.
There are apparmor tarballs located at the launchpad download page; the 2.5 tarball has patches for 2.6.24,  2.6.25,  2.6.26,  2.6.27,  2.6.28. The 2.5.2 tarball has patches for 2.6.36,  2.6.36.2,  2.6.37.


Odds display preferences

Derby to Ram Their Way to Championship Promotion

2016-12-12

We’re fast approaching the midway point in the Championship season, and it’s a good time to take stock of the league table and place some season-long bets with the benefit of 20 games worth of information.

Like most people we were happy to take short odds on Newcastle winning the league and earning promotion at the first time of asking, but the race to join them back in the Premier League is remarkably open. Brighton are in the box seat at the moment, five points clear of 3rd placed Reading in second place, and Chris Hughton’s men arguably deserve to bet there after the misfortune that befell them last season.

Beyond the top two, Reading, Huddersfield, Derby and Leeds make up the top six. That means the likes of Norwich, Aston Villa, and Sheffield Wednesday aren’t even in the play off positions at present, so it’s going to be a very competitive race from here to the end of the season. However, it’s two formerly great clubs that catch the eye among the various betting markets, and both represent a spot of value.

Derby County have been missing from the Premier League for a long time, but sustained investment has seen them go close over the last two seasons. The return of Steve McClaren as manager has galvanised the players, and six straight wins have propelled the Rams up to 5th position. Meanwhile, Leeds are another giant of a club, which was competing in the Champions League not so long ago. Garry Monk cut his managerial teeth at his beloved Swansea, and his reputation is beginning to grow due to the work he’s doing at Elland Road. Leeds are in 6th position at the moment, and have something to hold on to as they aim to stay in the promotion mix for the rest of the season.

They may be 10 points behind Derby in 2nd place, but there are 26 Championship games to play and the gap could be bridged over the course of that many matches. Regardless, this bet also allows for promotion via the play offs, and the Rams are currently odds-on for a top six finish.

To put Derby’s odds into context, Norwich and Sheffield Wednesday are available at 3/14.00+3003.003.00-0.33 , while Aston Villa are as short as 4/15.00+4004.004.00-0.25 . Those teams may all be within four points of Derby at this stage, but it’s a Villa side which struggles to win on the road, a Norwich side that has lost six of it’s last seven and could be on the verge of a managerial change, and a Wednesday side that by comparison to Derby are lacking in quality.

Those who follow the English second tier will remember that Derby were desperately unlucky to lose the play off final to QPR, with Bobby Zamora scoring a late, late winner at Wembley. The following year the Rams were a standing dish for promotion after McClaren led them to a seemingly unassailable lead. However, such was his success that Newcastle came in to poach the former England boss, and although not confirmed until late in the season, it was clear that the club and the players knew much earlier. Derby’s form nosedived to such a degree in the second half of the season that they didn’t even finish in the top six.

All was not necessarily forgiven when McClaren first walked back through the door, but it most certainly will be if he can bring Premier League football back to Pride Park. Six wins in six have included victories over rivals Norwich and Sheffield Wednesday, as well as a 3-0 win over deadly local rivals Nottingham Forest. The Rams look great value to put the disappointment of the last two seasons behind them and earn a place at next season’s top table.

A Sleeping Giant Awakes in Leeds?

Similarly, Leeds are another traditionally huge club that looks to be on the way back up, and a play off position for the Yorkshire club is rated a 5/23.50+2502.502.50-0.40 chance with SkyBet and Ladbrokes.

Once again that price looks on the high side considering Norwich, Sheffield Wednesday, Aston Villa, Reading and even Huddersfield are all shorter at the odds to make the top six.

Huddersfield immediately strike one as a team to lay in this particular market – an early season blitz putting them in a false position on the ladder. Just three wins in the last ten is not the sort of form that will keep the Terriers in the top half, let alone the top six. Issues for Norwich and Villa have been discussed, but equally, it would be no surprise to see both teams line up in the play offs. Sheffield Wednesday appeared in last year’s play off final, and are expected to be there or thereabouts at the end of the season. The Owls are a best price of 6/52.20+1201.201.20-0.83 though, despite being a point behind Leeds on the Championship ladder. Reading are having a great time of things under former Manchester United defender Jaap Stam, but a question remains over whether they can maintain the form for the rest of the season.

The same accusation could be levelled at Leeds, but at the prices, the Whites are worthy of support. The FA have recently banned Leeds owner Massimo Cellino from all football-related activities for 18 months – a decision that no doubt was welcomed by long-suffering fans. For Monk and the players such politics must be left to one side, and the talented young manager has his team playing a stylish brand of football.

Tips Summary

Derby to be Promoted
Season 2016/17
Odds: 7/24.50+3503.503.50-0.29

Leeds to Make the Play Offs
Season 2016/17
Odds: 5/23.50+2502.502.50-0.40

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About The Author

Eric has been sports journalist for over 20 years and has traveled the world covering the top sporting events for a number of publications. He also has a passion for betting, and uses his in-depth knowledge of the sports world to pinpoint outstanding odds and value betting opportunities.


All Blog Posts Tagged 'Melissa' (9)

Cities grafting green-building certifications like LEED into commercial building codes is nothing new, and a number of places like Dallas, Atlanta, Boston and Scottsdale have had such requirements in place for a decade or more.

Real estate investor Kassi Pelley had bought and sold a number of “fix-and-flip” homes in metro Denver when she fell down the rabbit hole of green building and certifications. She’s gotten a price bump – the “green premium” – on every home she’s upgraded and certified since, and she hasn’t…

Rick and Joann Sandoval live in a green Ferrari – a souped-up, high-performance home loaded with energy-sipping systems and green-home features. But when it came time to refinance their house and capture value from those items, the Sandovals were going nowhere…

When Sarah Coleman and Carl Sack first saw “Big Blue,” they knew they were home. The massive house, so named because all the rooms were painted shades of the color, was built in the 1920s on two and a half lots in the Corey-Merrill neighborhood of inner-city Denver.

Sean Smith was the man in the middle. – a key figure with a foot in both worlds of business and “green.”

A high-end general contractor, he built two LEED-certified homes in the Washington Park neighborhood of Denver in 2009. At an educational session he hosted there, the U.S. Green Building Council approached him to serve on a committee. “If you’re doing big-picture things, I’m all over it,” he told them.

Straw-bale houses have come a long way since Midwestern homesteaders used to stack sod on the Great Plains and call it home. More recently, 20th century straw-bale builders were either crunchy, granola types hand-crafting their own über-green homes, or affluent greenies seeking to create off-grid trophy houses, budgets be damned. In all cases, though, straw-bale has been the preserve of the one-off – designed and built one at a time. Until now.


Lindsay LohanNew Lawyer NEVER MetHis California Sponsor

1/23/2013 1:45 PM PST

Lindsay Lohan's New Lawyer Has NEVER Met His Sponsor

Lindsay Lohan's new lawyer has never met ... never even spoken to the lawyer who is sponsoring him to represent the actress in a California criminal court ... this according to the sponsor herself.

We broke the story ... New York attorney Mark Heller has filed legal docs for permission to appear in a California court -- where he is NOT licensed to practice law -- to handle Lindsay's lying-to-cops case. To win that permission, he needs a California lawyer to sponsor him.

With more than 200,000 lawyers in CA, Mark chose one who has been an inactive member of the State Bar for 17 years. Her name is Lindsay Berger Sacks, and she became an active member last week -- days before Heller filed paperwork to represent Lohan in court.

We spoke with Berger Sacks, and she told us she has never had a single contact with Heller. Berger Sacks -- who seems like a very smart and charitable lady who says she has never practiced law a day in her life (and that's to her credit) -- told us she was actually contacted by an attorney who has worked closely with Heller in the past, Peter Toumbekis, a good friend of hers since Jr. High. Berger Sacks told us she believed she was vouching for Toumbekis, not Heller.

But here's the deal ... Toumbekis didn't sign the paperwork to appear in the Lohan case -- Heller did, and what's more Berger Sacks signed the same paperwork with Heller's name on it.

So if Berger Sacks didn't know Heller yet only his name was on the paperwork, why did she sign it? Berger Sacks husband -- who is also a lawyer -- tells us Heller's law firm is referenced in the paperwork and Toumbekis is working with the firm and will even appear at next week's hearing. But the fact is ... it's Heller, not Toumbekis, who is asking for permission to rep Lohan.


The oldest and largest existing public pool in the Bay Area shuttered its doors ten years ago due to structural concerns but has re-emerged like a phoenix from the ashes this weekend as the greenest pool in the country! The Richmond Plunge[2] has long been a stable icon of a city with an ever-changing identity. Now the pool represents not just renewal but a leap forward in sustainability with a historic preservation that saves energy, and a huge 80 panel solar thermal system that saves water and chemicals by using saline water. And they did it all without swimming in red ink as the reconstruction and upgrades were all done well under budget.

[3]

Using salt water for a public pool is not new– the famous Sutro Baths[4] on the San Francisco shoreline used salt water in its massive pools over a hundred years ago. The idea is resurfacing as a very sustainable alternative to current chemical-dependent pool systems. The breakthrough systems design allows the pool to go without chlorine and municipal drinking water. Kids get to swim without goggles or concern of exposure to harsh chemicals. Salt water is treated with a state of the art UV filter system and then sent through a heat exchanger powered by a 3500 square foot solar thermal system. The panels and controls are manufactured just up the street by Heliodyne[5]. After being heated by the sun, the H2O goes into the 324,000 gallon pool via super-efficient pumps– getting a big boost from the installed solar electric array.

After the Loma Prieta earthquake[6] of 1989 the pool was shuttered, needing seismic upgrades that the city was unable to pay for. A dedicated group[7] was formed to raise awareness and money for the iconic building. Both its historic value and cultural importance drove a dedicated population, with help from Todd Jersey Architects[8] and Sun and Light Power[9], to reclaim the facility and make it a national model for sustainable swimming facilities.


Last issue, the Justice League got a heavy dose of Mister Mxyzptlk, who gave the team new information and also a way to potentially get an edge against Perpetua and Lex Luthor’s plan. It didn’t go well. Today in the second chapter we get a taste of what it’s like in the sixth dimension and it’s quite a trip.

So what’s it about?

The official summary reads:

Listen to the latest episode of our weekly comics podcast!

“The Sixth Dimension” part two! The Leaguers come face to face with their future selves in the Sixth Dimension and explore the path that lies before them. Meanwhile, Superman is trapped on a world with no light and hundreds of dead Supermen! Can the Man of Steel escape before his powers completely disappear? To do that, he’ll need to learn who captured him!

Why does this matter?

Scott Snyder and James Tynion IV are putting out one of the most rewarding comic book reads these days. The scope is huge, the implications of their story deep, and there’s always good character work. Match their work to the stable of artists working on the series and it’s bar none one of the best superhero comics today. Jorge Jimenez is drawing at the highest level based on this and the last issue, too.

Fine, you have my attention. What’s good about it?

This issue opens with the Justice League getting a tour of the House of Justice. The tour guide is Superman, a much older version dressed in opulent white as he explains the best course of action for Perpetua. And it’s a shocker of a strategy. This explanation is a clever way to give us new information on Perpetua and practically live through a potential option. It doesn’t seem right though by any means, which is a bit unnerving. If you can’t trust Superman, who can you trust?

Much of the rest of the issue checks in on each Justice League hero and their observations of their sixth dimension other selves. There are compliments, there are new understandings, and there is a sneaking suspicion that things are way too hunky-dory. There’s an unnerving nature to all the bright light and positivity as Snyder sets in motion moments where your brain doesn’t want to believe what your eyes are seeing. It’s a good mystery that makes you all the more interested in cracking the code. These reflections of the characters help hold a mirror up to them too, further allowing the reader to probe and explore these characters in a new way. Great stuff.

The art by Jorge Jimenez with colors by Alejandro Sanchez and letters by Tom Napolitano is out of this world, literally. There’s yet another great Perpetua double page layout that’s epic and highly detailed similar to last issue, as well as an interesting mix of styles like the use of silhouette and enhance a moment or translucency to feature many Earths in a cool way. Jimenez does not skimp anywhere either, like in a scene with Martian Manhunter who is observing people entering a spacecraft. The craft itself is beautifully designed, but also highly detailed yet it only takes up a quarter of the page. The designs of the sixth dimension Justice League are also incredible. Great stuff all around. The use of color to show futuristic buildings is also impressive.

It can’t be perfect, can it?

This is an example of good comic writing that doesn’t need action. You’ll be invested in what is going on and what the real truth is to everything and there’s always some new image to observe on every page. That said, I imagine some might be missing action, which is limited here.

Is it good?

A great issue that begins to reveal what is going on in the sixth dimension. I’m a sucker for mystery stories like this that probe characters while deliver clues in subtle ways. Like a good David Lynch flick, there’s an unnerving presence you can’t quite put your finger on, further driving your interest and attention. One might call what is going on in the narrative weird, and that’s because it’s a story and approach you don’t see often.

Justice League #20 Is it good? A great issue that begins to reveal what is going on in the sixth dimension. Like a good David Lynch flick, there’s an unnerving presence you can’t quite put your finger on further driving your interest and attention. One might call what is going on in the narrative weird, and that’s because it’s a story and approach you don’t see often. Get to know a new kind of Justice League! The art is some of the best in the biz The mystery will entrance you Lacks action 9.5 Great Buy Now Comixology/Amazon