Q:

jQuery's .hide() doesn't set style="display: none;" consistently across browsers

Background:
I am using QUnit to validate the creation of DOM elements in the following manner (which has been working fine so far):
$actual = Mylibrary.createSomething();
$expected = $('<div........');
ok($actual[0].isEqualNode($expected[0]),'Node properly created');

More info on isEqualNode: MDN, W3
Issue:
I am having an issue comparing nodes when I use the jQuery's .hide() method because:

it produces style="display: none;" (no extra space after ;) with Firefox
it produces style="display: none; " (extra space after ;) with Chrome
isEqualNode considers that style="display: none;" is different than style="display: none; " (you can have attributes in different order and isEqualNode still considers nodes to be equal, but that extra space not).
when building $expected, I can only cater for 1 of the 2 situations.

Accordingly my tests end up always failing with Chrome or Firefox depending on which situation I choose to create $expected.
Here is a jsFiddle so that you can see what I mean
I could check if element is hidden with .is(':hidden') but that isn't ideal to me because:

I can no longer compare whole set of DOM elements with .isEqualNode like I currently do and would have to write many individual tests to get an equivalent which will make my tests very extensive and hard to maintain.
I feel that by using a DOM method (i.e. isEqualNode) my tests are more robusts than if I used a jQuery method (e.g. .is(':hidden')) because my elements are generated with jQuery in the first place and having a jQuery-independent verification method will more likely spot problems.

Do you see the discrepancies with the way the jQuery's .hide() method generates the stype="display attribute as a bug/problem? (i.e. should I raise it on http://bugs.jquery.com/)?
Do  you see a solution that would allow me comparing my nodes without using jQuery methods?

A:

From QUnit perspective perform the following check in order to see whether the element is hidden:
equal(element.css('display'), 'none', 'element is not hidden');

This eliminates the need for you to compare string differences. If you are not using jQuery then perform:
equal(element.style.display, 'none', 'element is not hidden');

If you would like to create some utility extensions to modularize your unit/interaction testing, then isEqualNode is not your best approach here. Better provide yourself with methods like:
checkClass(element, cssClass)
checkAttribute(element, attr, value)
checkAttributeExists(element, attr)
etc...


Structural panels, generally consisting of a honeycomb core covered on the front and back with facings such as plywood are well known. The facings, both front and back, are nailed during the construction process to the vertical studs of the building structure. They are likewise nailed to the wood base plate and to upper plates which are installed during construction. The honeycomb core, usually made a resin impregnated heavy paper gives the panel structural strength and is commonly glued to the front and back sheets.
The core also provides thermal and acoustic insulation and may be utilized to support additional insulation. Insulating material, such as cellulose fiber, may be deposited in the cavities of the cellular core. Any type of insulation can be used including plastic foams and mineral fiber.
The honeycomb core gives strength to the panel by keeping the front and back facings parallel, thereby preventing them from flexing under the compressive forces of the weight they support.
Such structural panels lack the strength necessary to provide structural support to multi-story buildings. They are typically difficult to install properly and lack the flexibility required for on-site modification such as would be required to add windows or doors.
Also, the allowed capacities of such panels to withstand the structural loads imposed upon them is presently determined by the number of nails fastening the panels to the studs and plates of the building frame. Although panels which are both nailed and glued together consistently withstand vertical testing loads of 40,000 pounds (18,144 kilograms) per panel, the building codes will only allow the nailing schedule to determine the allowable vertical loading. With the maximum practical nailing schedule of 2 inches (5 centimeters) between nails around the perimeter of each panel, the allowed load is only 12% of the test load. The building codes recognize only the load limit of a panel with nails alone even though the assembly can utilize both glue and nails to attach the panels to the framing members. They will recognize the load values for glued assemblies only if no nails are used. This invention will allow the utilization of the full strength of the panel as given by actual experimental test results.
A prior art search did not disclose any patents for structural panels which provide increased strength, ease of installation, and flexibility in use, in the manner of this invention. The following U.S. patent documents were considered in the investigation and evaluation of the prior art relative to this invention.
______________________________________ U.S. Pat. No. INVENTOR ISSUE DATE ______________________________________ 2,809,403 Clements 15 October 1957 2,893,076 Herts 7 July 1959 3,616,139 Jones 26 October 1971 3,665,662 Timbrook 30 May 1972 3,970,502 Turner 20 July 1976 ______________________________________
The Clements patent discloses a structural panel primarily for use as a door. It utilizes a honeycomb core. It is concerned mainly with a method of obtaining maximum strength from the honeycomb core but is not particularly concerned with vertical loading. Specifically, it does not approach the problem of vertical stresses in the manner of the present invention.
The Herts patent discloses structural panels having a honeycomb core which are intended primarily as doors or table tops.
The Jones patent discloses multilayered thermal insulators which utilize multiple honeycomb structures and is primarily concerned with the insulating properties of the panel.
The Timbrook patent discloses a structural panel utilizing a honeycomb core. It is primarily concerned with providing a method of interconnecting the panels to facilitate on-site construction with prefabricated panels.
The Turner patent discloses a structural panel having a foam core. It is primarily concerned with preventing delamination of the outer coverings from the core and with providing an improved latching method for interconnecting panels.
All the above mentioned panels lack the structural strength required to withstand the vertical stresses of use in multi-story buildings. They do not lend themselves to easy on-site modification and they present a comparatively high degree of difficulty in their installation.


"This is some intense power!" "Lood!" "U- unreal...!" "What magnificent power!" "Great!" "Great, Lood!" "Smash those guys!" "We have to go help Pan-chan, quick!" "My adorable little Pan-chan, I could just kiss you!" "It was a dream, huh?" "That's right." "I've been absorbed by that Lood monster." "Pan-chan!" "Pan-chan!" "W- where am I?" "Hm?" "What?" "Where in the world are we?" "What?" "What's going on?" "You're not my adorable little Pan-chan!" "You're a vicious barbarian!" "You couldn't possibly be my Pan-chan!" "What are you talking about!" "?" "I'm the real Pan!" "My ideal girl is falling to pieces!" "W- what's going on para?" "Why, you...!" "You big idiot!" "Sicko!" "Sicko!" "I'm not putting up with you any more!" "S- s- stop!" "This is why I told you to stop, you tomboy!" "For the love of--!" "What was that!" "?" "It's him!" "That bastard!" "It's Dolltacki!" "You bastard!" "W- what are you doing!" "?" "You insolent rabble!" "If you kill me, you'll never find out how to get out of here!" "Is that what you want!" "?" "The way out of here?" "You know the way to get out of here, huh?" "A- ah, hell, it slipped out..." "Hey, you lying bastard!" "How could you do this to us!" "?" "Now, now, everyone, calm down!" "Everyone, you want to get out of here!" "?" "That was too soft!" "One more time!" "Do you want to get out of here!" "?" "All right, leave that to me!" "Lood!" "Lood!" "If I get out of here, there's no telling what kind of scolding I'll get from Mu-sama!" "I can't do it!" "I can't do anything that terrifying!" "Hurry up and tell us how to get out of here!" "I'll never talk!" "There's no way I'll tell you!" "Is that so?" "In that case, I have an idea." "Parapara Brothers, let him have it!" "W- what!" "?" "What are you going to do!" "?" "Bonpara parapara bonpappa!" "Okay, okay, okay...!" "S- stop that!" "Cut it out!" "Left, left, left!" "Right, right, right!" "S- stop it, please!" "Okay, all together now!" "Bonpara parapara bonpappa!" "Bonpara parapara bonpappa!" "What is your name?" "My name is Dolltacki." "What are your hobbies?" "Collecting dolls." "Well then, what is Lood's weak point?" "That cell up there!" "Crap..." "So, it's that, then?" "Lood here is a mutant, created by Doctor Mu, who mutated that cell there." "And so, if you manage to destroy that cell, all of Lood's other cells will collapse, and we might be able to get out of here." "So that's it, huh?" "Grandpa!" "All right, then...!" "All right, it sure looks like he took some damage, huh?" "Just like I said!" "I'm not a liar!" "Wait!" "You can't defeat him by just attacking from the inside!" "What!" "?" "You have to attack it from the inside and the outside at exactly the same time, or you can't destroy it!" "Why didn't you say so sooner!" "?" "Figure it out, Grandpa!" "Up there!" "Hit him up there!" "Geez, I know the way to beat him, but what do we do!" "?" "Hey, you!" "Can't you do anything!" "?" "Telepathy or something?" "You can probably do something like that, can't you!" "?" "Don't be crazy!" "If I was capable of anything like that, I wouldn't even be here!" "You're not any help!" "Ah, geez, what do we do!" "?" "Um..." "What?" "Telepathy is something that we can do para." "What!" "?" "Why didn't you say anything before!" "?" "Well, you see..." "Great!" "Great!" "You guys are pretty useful, aren't you?" "All right, this will be perfect!" "Just watch what this doll can do!" "Pan-chan...?" "I told you how to do it, so make nice with me, too, okay?" "We're going to blow this thing apart!" "Huh?" "What are you doing there?" "S- she's scary, all right..." "Okay then, please tell Grandpa where to attack with your telepathy." "Leave it to us..." "Leave it to us..." "Doo-wah!" "Uh, what are you guys done up like that for?" "If we don't do this..." "Our telepathy..." "Doesn't work para...!" "Doo-wah!" "You're sure about that?" "If you don't like it..." "That's fine..." "With us...!" "Geez, this is going nowhere!" "Anyways, just do that for me, okay!" "?" "Understood..." "Understood..." "Doo-wah!" "That was close, that was close!" "Damn, I give up..." "Goku-san..." "Can you hear..." "Us...?" "W- who're you?" "The red cell..." "In the middle of Lood's chest" "Shoot it...!" "The red cell in his chest?" "There ain't any there." "Where is it?" "Oh, that's right!" "He can't see it from the outside!" "All right, then...!" "Grandpa, right here!" "Right where..." "Where Pan-san's Ki..." "Just hit him...!" "Got it!" "The area of his heart, right?" "Goku-san, what should we do!" "?" "Trunks!" "His heart!" "Aim for his heart!" "His heart...?" "Trunks!" "D- damn..." "I won't be beaten by this guy...!" "I should have kept training more..." "All right, watch this!" "Right there, huh?" "All right..." "Didn't it work?" "Just attacking from the outside won't work para!" "You have to do it at the same time as Pan-san in here does it para!" "Hey, what is this!" "?" "You're talking normal, aren't you!" "?" "U- uh..." "Now isn't the time for this para!" "On our signal, simultaneously shoot him para!" "Geez...!" "Okay, here goes para!" "All right...!" "Ready!" "Ready, set...!" "No, no!" "Inside and outside, body and spirit-- both have to be destroyed at the same time, or we won't defeat him!" "We know!" "Okay, this time, let's go with one-two-three!" "Roger para!" "Ready para?" "Shoot him on the count of one-two-three para!" "Y- you got it..." "But then, I ain't very good at stuff like that..." "Okay, here goes para..." "A-one..." "One...!" "A-two..." "T- two..." "A-three!" "Three!" "T- t- three...!" "Too late!" "You two have to do it at exactly the same time, or it won't work!" "Geez, that's just like Grandpa!" "He's got no rhythm!" "All right, let's do it again para." "A- all right, this time I'll get it for sure!" "A-one..." "O- o- o-one...!" "A-two..." "T- t- t- two..." "Two...!" "Too soon!" "O- oops, maybe that was too early..." "Good grief, Grandpa..." "He truly..." "Has an unsalvageable..." "Lack of rhythm para...!" "Doo-wah!" "I can't help it, you know!" "I just ain't good at that stuff!" "Couldn't you switch it to be some other words?" "Mm?" "Like what kind of words para?" "Let's see..." "Ah! "Pork bowl, tempura bowl, chicken  egg bowl" will work for me!" "Huh?" "What para?" "Is that some kind of spell para?" "Huh?" "What did he say?" "He said "pork bowl, tempura bowl, chicken eggbowl"wouldworkforhimpara." "Huh?" "What's with that?" "Well, anything's fine!" "Let's go with it!" "Everyone else, you help us out too, please!" "Okay, Goku-san, we're going with that para." "All right!" "In that case, I'll be okay for sure!" "Okay, here goes para!" "Ready, set...!" "Pork bowl...!" "Tempura bowl...!" "Chicken  egg bowl...!" "You did it!" "Lood...!" "We did it!" "Grandpa!" "Thank goodness, Pan!" "Look!" "The Dragon Ball is safe, too." "Danger avoided." "Danger avoided." "It's too late for you to do anything now!" "Oh, by the way, where's Dolltacki?" "Now that you mention it..." "Okay then, everyone, farewell!" "Why, you...!" "We won't forget this!" "Goku and the others somehow managed to defeat the god of destruction, Lood." "However, the mysterious character Doctor Mu has set his eyes upon Goku and the others!"


Denny Chronopoulos

Dennis "Denny" Chronopoulos (June 12, 1968 – August 27, 2000) was a Canadian football offensive guard who played four seasons in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Ottawa Rough Riders, BC Lions and Calgary Stampeders. He was drafted by the Ottawa Rough Riders with the third overall pick of the 1992 CFL Draft. He played college football at Purdue University.

Professional career
Chronopoulos was selected by the Ottawa Rough Riders of the CFL with the third pick in the 1992 CFL Draft. He played in all 36 games during his tenure with the Rough Riders and was named a CFL East All-Star in 1993. He was traded to the BC Lions in June 1994 with Andrew Stewart and Angelo Snipes for Kent Warnock and BC's second round pick in the 1995 CFL Draft. Chronopoulos signed with the CFL's Calgary Stampeders in March 1995. He was released by the Stampeders in 1996 after failing a physical due to a heart murmur.

Death
Chronopoulos died of a heart attack on August 27, 2000 in Montreal, Quebec.

References

External links
Just Sports Stats

Category:1968 births
Category:2000 deaths
Category:American football offensive guards
Category:Canadian football offensive linemen
Category:Canadian players of American football
Category:Purdue Boilermakers football players
Category:Ottawa Rough Riders players
Category:BC Lions players
Category:Calgary Stampeders players
Category:Grey Cup champions
Category:Players of Canadian football from Quebec
Category:Sportspeople from Montreal


Q:

How to plot circle with scalable radius?

I wrote a few lines of code that should draw a circle where I can adjust its radius by using a slider. Unfortunately there must be some major mistakes in my code but as I am a beginner it is hard to find them. Can anyone give me some advise to make it work?
A tiny GUI has been set up using tkinter including a Tk.Scale and a canvas. The function drawCircle creates a Circle artist. The essential part is connecting the slider with the function changeRadius but thats where I don't know what to do. See my code below...
import sys
if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
    import Tkinter as Tk
else:
    import tkinter as Tk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg

class PlotCircle():

    def __init__(self, master):
        self.master = master
        master.iconify

        self.f_rad = 2  # initial value

        self.frame = Tk.Frame(master)
        self.frame.pack(side=Tk.TOP, fill=Tk.BOTH, expand=0)
        self.radius_label = Tk.Label(self.frame, text='Radius: ')
        self.radius_label.pack(side=Tk.LEFT)
        self.scroll_radius = Tk.Scale(self.frame, from_=1.0, to=3.0, resolution=0.05,
                                      orient=Tk.HORIZONTAL, command=lambda:self.changeRadius(self.circle))
        self.scroll_radius.set(2.0)
        self.scroll_radius.pack(side=Tk.LEFT)
        self.image_frame = Tk.Frame(master)
        self.image_frame.pack(side=Tk.TOP, fill=Tk.BOTH, expand=1)

        self.fig = Figure()
        self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
        self.ax.set_aspect('equal')
        self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, self.image_frame)
        self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=Tk.TOP, fill=Tk.BOTH, expand=1)
        self.canvas._tkcanvas.pack(side=Tk.TOP, fill=Tk.BOTH, expand=1)

    def drawCircle(self):
        self.circle = plt.Circle((0.5, 0.5), self.f_rad*0.1, color='#F97306', fill=False)
        self.ax.add_artist(self.circle)
        self.fig.canvas.draw()

    def changeRadius(self, circ):
        self.f_rad = float(self.scroll_radius.get())
        print(self.f_rad)
        circ.set_radius(self.f_rad)
        self.fig.canvas.draw()

root = Tk.Tk()
PlotCircle(root)
root.mainloop()

By executing this code I get the following error:

Exception in Tkinter callback
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "C:\Users\p.schulmeyer\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\tkinter__init__.py", line 1705, in call
      return self.func(*args)
  TypeError: lambda() takes 0 positional arguments but 1 was given

I also tried using lambda e: or not using lambda at all but nothing helped. I guess my mistake must be something more fundamental. I really appreciate any help. Thanks!

A:

You need to do the following changes to make your script work.

Ensure that you call drawCircle in constructor, hence self.circle is set
command needs a function that can accept a param
def __init__(self, master):
    ...
    self.scroll_radius = Tk.Scale(self.frame, from_=1.0, to=3.0, resolution=0.05,
                                  orient=Tk.HORIZONTAL, command=lambda x:self.changeRadius(x))

    ...
    self.drawCircle()

def changeRadius(self, new_radius):
    self.circle.set_radius(float(new_radius)*0.1)
    self.fig.canvas.draw()


Presynaptic noradrenergic alpha-receptors and modulation of 3H-noradrenaline release from rat brain synaptosomes.
The depolarization (15 mM K+)-induced release of 3H-NA from superfused rat brain synaptosomes and the effects of alpha-noradrenergic drugs thereon were studied. Noradrenaline (NA; in the presence of the uptake inhibitor desipramine) reduced synaptosomal 3H-NA release. Reduction of the concentration of calcium ions in the medium during K+ stimulation greatly enhanced the sensitivity of 3H-NA release to alpha-receptor-mediated inhibition. Under these conditions NA dose-dependently inhibited 3H-NA release from synaptosomes obtained from cortex or hypothalamus, but did not affect 3H-NA release from striatal (i.e dopaminergic) synaptosomes. Adrenaline, clonidine and oxymetazoline potently inhibited 3H-NA release from cortex synaptosomes at concentrations in the nanomolar range. Phentolamine by itself did not affect synaptosomal 3H-NA release, but antagonized the inhibitory effects of both noradrenaline and adrenaline. The data obtained further substantiate the hypothesis that the alpha-receptors mediating a local negative feedback control of NA release are localized on the varicosities of central noradrenergic neurons, Furthermore, noradrenergic nerve terminals in the hypothalamus appear to be less senstive to alpha-receptor-mediated presynaptic inhibition than those in the cortex.


Q:

Сжатие методом Хаффмана

Пытаюсь загрузить двоичное дерево, но постоянно появляется ошибка.
Сохраняю вот так
ofstream otree("tree.bin", ios::binary);
for(map<char, int>::iterator i = mp.begin(); i != mp.end(); i++)
otree.write((char*)&i, sizeof map<char, int>);
otree.close();

где mp -  map<char, int> mp;
ifstream f("input.txt");
char byte = 0;
while (!f.eof())
{
    byte = f.get();
    mp[byte]++;
}

Загружаю так:
fstream size("tree.bin"); size.seekp(0, std::ios::end);
long size1 = size.tellp(); //длина файла
size.close();

map<char, int>::iterator buf;
ifstream itree("tree.bin", ios::binary);
while (size1 > 0)
{
    itree.read((char*)&buf, sizeof map<char, int>);
    mp[buf->first] = buf->second;
    size1 -= sizeof mp;
}
itree.close();

Буду очень благодарен если поможете!)

A:

Придумал немного другой способ сохранения и загрузки
Save:
ofstream otree("tree.bin", ios::binary);
for (map<char, int>::iterator i = mp.begin(); i != mp.end(); i++)
{
    otree.write((char*)&i->first, sizeof(char));
    otree.write((char*)&i->second, sizeof(int));
}
otree.close();

Load:
char c = 0;
int num = 0;
ifstream itree("tree.bin", ios::binary);
while (!itree.eof())
{
    itree.read((char*)&c, sizeof(char));
    itree.read((char*)&num, sizeof(int));
    mp[c] = num;
}
itree.close();

И теперь всё работает как надо. Спасибо всем, кто уже начал решать мой вопрос. Вы лучшие!


Brentuximab vedotin

Brentuximab vedotin (INN, trade name Adcetris) is an antibody-drug conjugate medication used to treat relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). It selectively targets tumor cells expressing the CD30 antigen, a defining marker of Hodgkin lymphoma and ALCL (a type of T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma).

Approvals and indications
In August 2011, the U.S. FDA granted accelerated approval to the biologics license application (BLA) submitted by Seattle Genetics for the use of brentuximab vedotin in the treatment of relapsed HL and ALCL. In March 2018, the FDA granted an expansion of use to include first-line treatment of stage III and IV HL in combination with chemotherapy.

In October 2012, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) gave it conditional marketing authorization for relapsed or refractory HL and ALCL.

In November 2017, the FDA approved brentuximab vedotin as a treatment for patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) who have received prior systemic therapy.  This approval is for patients with primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL) and CD30-expressing mycosis fungoides (MF).

Approval In Australia
The Australian PBAC (Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee) considered a March 2014 application by the manufacturer for inclusion of Brentuximab Vedotin under a Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme Section 100 (Efficient Funding of Chemotherapy) arrangement. While this application was accepted, the committee noted that on the basis of inadequate cost-benefit, the medicine would not be made available more generally for the first-line treatment of relapsed or refractory systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (sALCL).

Design
Brentuximab vedotin consists of the chimeric monoclonal antibody brentuximab (cAC10, which targets the cell-membrane protein CD30) linked with maleimide attachment groups, cathepsin cleavable linkers (valine-citrulline), and para-aminobenzylcarbamate spacers to three to five units of the antimitotic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE, reflected by the 'vedotin' in the drug's name). The peptide-based linker bonds the antibody to the cytotoxic compound in a stable manner so the drug is not easily released from the antibody under physiologic conditions to help prevent toxicity to healthy cells and ensure dosage efficiency. The peptide antibody-drug bond facilitates rapid and efficient drug cleavage inside target tumor cell. The antibody cAC10 part of the drug binds to CD30 which often occurs on diseased cells but rarely on normal tissues. The antibody portion of the drug attaches to CD30 on the surface of malignant cells, delivering MMAE which is responsible for the anti-tumour activity. Once bound, brentuximab vedotin is internalised by endocytosis and thus selectively taken up by targeted cells. The vesicle containing the drug is fused with lysosomes and lysosomal cysteine proteases, particularly cathepsin B, start to break down valine-citrulline linker and MMAE is no longer bound to the antibody and is released directly into the tumor environment.

Clinical trials
In a 2010 clinical trial, 34% of patients with refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma achieved complete remission and another 40% had partial remission. Tumor reductions were achieved in 94% of patients. In ALCL, 87% of patients had tumors shrink at least 50% and 97% of patients had some tumor shrinkage.

Reports in 2013 showed interim results from a Phase II, open-label, single-arm study designed to evaluate the antitumor activity of brentuximab vedotin in relapsed or refractory CD30-positive NHL, including B-cell neoplasms. These results demonstrated that single-agent brentuximab vedotin induced a 42% objective response rate and manageable safety profile among advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients.

A phase III trial funded by Millennium Pharmaceuticals compared ABVD (a combination of the chemotherapy drugs doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) versus A+AVD (a combination of brentuximab vedotin plus AVD, or doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) for treatment of classical Hodgkin lymphoma and found substituting brentuximab vedotin for bleomycin has both improved efficacy and lowered toxicity.  A previously completed phase I study demonstrated that a greater number of patients experienced pulmonary toxicity with brentuximab vedotin-ABVD than with ABVD alone. Pulmonary fibrosis is a classical adverse effect of bleomycin; however, the incidence of pulmonary fibrosis in the brentuximab vedotin-ABVD arm was higher than the expected historical rate with ABVD alone. Overall, 24 out of 25 patients treated with brentuximab vedotin and AVD achieved complete remission.

Brentuximab vedotin is also being investigated as a substitute for vincristine (another mitotic inhibitor which prevents tubulin polymerization) in patients with being treated with CHOP (a combination of cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine, prednisone or prednisolone) for a non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

A phase III clinical trial is currently comparing the two combination therapies (CHOP and CHP-brentuximab vedotin) with estimated completion in December 2017.

The ECHELON-1 phase 3 trial compared brentuximab vedotin with bleomycin both in combination with adriamycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine (AVD) chemotherapy as a firstline treatment for advanced classical Hodgkin lymphoma.

Serious adverse events
Brentuximab vedotin was studied as monotherapy in 160 patients in two phase II trials. Across both trials, the most common adverse reactions (≥20%), regardless of causality, were chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (a progressive, enduring and often irreversible tingling numbness, intense pain, and hypersensitivity to cold, beginning in the hands and feet and sometimes involving the arms and legs), neutropenia (an immune system impairment), fatigue, nausea, anemia, upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhea, fever, rash, thrombocytopenia, cough and vomiting.

Black box warning
On January 13, 2012, the FDA announced that because brentuximab vedotin had been linked with two cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, they were requiring the addition of a black box warning to the drug label regarding this potential risk.

Interactions
Patients who are receiving strong CYP3A4 inhibitors concomitantly with brentuximab vedotin should be closely monitored for serious adverse events.

Development and marketing collaboration
Brentuximab vedotin is marketed as Adcetris. Seattle Genetics and Millennium Pharmaceuticals/Takeda Oncology are jointly developing brentuximab vedotin. Under the terms of the collaboration agreement, Seattle Genetics has U.S. and Canadian commercialization rights and the Takeda Group has rights to commercialize  in the rest of the world. Seattle Genetics and the Takeda Group are funding joint development costs for brentuximab vedotin on a 50:50 basis, except in Japan where the Takeda Group will be solely responsible for development costs.

References

Category:Monoclonal antibodies
Category:Antibody-drug conjugates
Category:Takeda Pharmaceutical Company brands


New Delhi, July 4 (IANS) The campaign for the release of Indian nurses held in Iraq was led by External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj herself, ministry of external affairs spokesperson Syed Akbaruddin said here Friday. Giving credit to Sushma Swaraj for efforts to secure the release of the nurses, the spokesperson said: 'EAM has been at this 24 hours.

New Delhi, July 4 (IANS) The campaign for the release of Indian nurses held in Iraq was led by External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj herself, ministry of external affairs spokesperson Syed Akbaruddin said here Friday.

Giving credit to Sushma Swaraj for efforts to secure the release of the nurses, the spokesperson said: "EAM has been at this 24 hours. She has been doing at least 3-4 times more than what has been reported (in the media)."

All 46 Indian women nurses seized by Sunni insurgents in Iraq were freed Friday after intense diplomatic efforts, and were set to return to Kerala Saturday morning.

Akbaruddin revealed that Sushma Swaraj led the "diplomatic effort" by interacting with a host of her counterparts. "The engagements and interactions of the external affairs minister are far beyond what have been written."

Giving an example, Akbaruddin said: "She was flying out to Bhopal Thursday and as soon as she heard of news of the nurses (being moved from Tikrit to Mosul), she came back and immediately held a meeting."

"It's time now for us to turn to each other and not on each other. Please have hope and faith that the government is doing all it can to ensure the return of Indian nationals in extremely difficult circumstances. These are circumstances where conventional rules of diplomacy no longer exist on the ground," he added.

Kerala Chief Minister Oommen Chandy, who has been camping in the capital since the crisis erupted, also gave credit to Sushma Swaraj.

This story has not been edited by Firstpost staff and is generated by auto-feed.


Non-League side would await

07 November 2010 03:30

Viewed : 10

MK Dons will face either AFC Wimbledon or Ebbsfleet in the Second Round of the FA Cup if they can get past Stevenage in their replay.
The Dons played out a goalless draw with their League Two opponents on Saturday, while AFC Wimbledon were held by the same scoreline.
The tie will be played over the weekend of November 27/28.


/*
 * Copyright (c) 2016 John May <jwmay@users.sf.net>
 *
 * Contact: cdk-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at
 * your option) any later version. All we ask is that proper credit is given
 * for our work, which includes - but is not limited to - adding the above
 * copyright notice to the beginning of your source code files, and to any
 * copyright notice that you may distribute with programs based on this work.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 U
 */

package org.openscience.cdk.smiles;

import org.hamcrest.BaseMatcher;
import org.hamcrest.Description;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.hasItem;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.not;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.hasEntry;
import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;

public class CxSmilesParserTest {

    @Test
    public void atomLabels() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|$;;;Het;;;;;A$|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.atomLabels, hasEntry(3, "Het"));
        assertThat(state.atomLabels, hasEntry(8, "A"));
    }

    @Test
    public void escapedAtomLabels() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|$R';;;;;;$|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.atomLabels, hasEntry(0, "R'"));
    }

    @Test
    public void escapedAtomLabels2() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|$;;;(C(R41)(R41))n;;R41;R41;R41;;_AP1;R41;R41;;_AP1$|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.atomLabels, hasEntry(3, "(C(R41)(R41))n"));
    }

    @Test
    public void atomValues() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|$_AV:;;;5;;;;;8$|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.atomValues, hasEntry(3, "5"));
        assertThat(state.atomValues, hasEntry(8, "8"));
    }

    @Test
    public void atomLabelsEmpty() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|$$|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.atomLabels.size(), is(0));
    }

    @Test
    public void atomLabelsTruncated1() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|$;;;Het", state), is(-1));
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|$;;;Het;", state), is(-1));
    }

    @Test
    public void atomLabelsTruncated3() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|$;;;Het;$", state), is(-1));
    }

    @Test
    public void removeUnderscore() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        CxSmilesParser.processCx("|$;;;_R1;$|", state);
        assertThat(state.atomLabels.get(3), is("R1"));
    }

    @Test
    public void skipCis() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|c:1,4,5|", state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    @Test
    public void skipTrans() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|t:1,4,5|", state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    @Test
    public void skipCisTrans() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|c:2,6,8,t:1,4,5|", state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    @Test
    public void skipCisTransUnspec() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|c:2,6,8,ctu:10,t:1,4,5|", state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    @Test
    public void skipLonePairDefinitions() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|c:6,8,t:4,lp:2:2,4:1,11:1,m:1:8.9|", state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    @Test
    public void fragmentGrouping() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|f:0.1.2.3,4.5.6|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.fragGroups, is(Arrays.asList(Arrays.asList(0, 1, 2, 3),
                                                      Arrays.asList(4, 5, 6))));
    }

    @Test
    public void fragmentGroupingFollowedByAtomLabels() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|f:0.1.2.3,4.5.6,$;;;R$|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.fragGroups, is(Arrays.asList(Arrays.asList(0, 1, 2, 3),
                                                      Arrays.asList(4, 5, 6))));
        assertThat(state.atomLabels, hasEntry(3, "R"));
    }

    @Test
    public void coords() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|(.0,-1.5,;-1.3,-.75,;-2.6,-1.5,;-3.9,-.75,;-3.9,.75,)|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.atomCoords.get(0), new AprxDoubleArray(0, -1.5, 0));
        assertThat(state.atomCoords.get(1), new AprxDoubleArray(-1.3, -.75, 0));
        assertThat(state.atomCoords.get(2), new AprxDoubleArray(-2.6, -1.5, 0));
        assertThat(state.atomCoords.get(3), new AprxDoubleArray(-3.9, -.75, 0));
        assertThat(state.atomCoords.get(4), new AprxDoubleArray(-3.9, .75, 0));
    }

    @Test
    public void hydrogenBondingSkipped() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|H:0.1,2.3|", state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    @Test
    public void hydrogenBondingTruncated() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|H:0.1,2.3", state), is(-1));
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|H:0.1,2.", state), is(-1));
    }

    @Test
    public void hydrogenAndCoordinationBondingSkipped() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|H:0.1,2.3,C:6.7,3.4|", state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    @Test public void positionalVariation() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|m:2:5.6.7.8.9.10,m:4:5.6.7.8.9|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.positionVar, hasEntry(2, Arrays.asList(5,6,7,8,9,10)));
        assertThat(state.positionVar, hasEntry(4, Arrays.asList(5,6,7,8,9)));
    }

    @Test public void positionalVariationImpliedLayer() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|m:2:5.6.7.8.9.10,4:5.6.7.8.9|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.positionVar, hasEntry(2, Arrays.asList(5,6,7,8,9,10)));
        assertThat(state.positionVar, hasEntry(4, Arrays.asList(5,6,7,8,9)));
    }

    @Test public void multiAtomSRU() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|Sg:n:1,2,3:m:ht|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.mysgroups,
                   hasItem(new CxSmilesState.CxPolymerSgroup("n", Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3), "m", "ht")));
    }

    @Test public void dataSgroups() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|SgD::cdk:ReactionConditions:Heat
Hv|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(state.mysgroups,
                   hasItem(new CxSmilesState.CxDataSgroup(new ArrayList<Integer>(), "cdk:ReactionConditions", "Heat\nHv", "", "", "")));
    }

    @Test public void unescape() {
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.unescape("$"), is("$"));
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.unescape(""), is("\u007F")); // DEL
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.unescape("	"), is("\t")); // TAB
    }

    @Test public void relativeStereoMolecule() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|r|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|r,$_R1$|", state), is(not(-1)));
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|$_R1$,r|", state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    @Test public void relativeStereoReaction() {
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx("|r:2,4,5|", state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    @Test public void sgroupHierarchy() {
        String cxsmilayers = "|Sg:c:0,1,2,3,4,5,6::,Sg:c:7,8::,Sg:c:9::,Sg:mix:0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9::,Sg:mix:7,8,9::,SgH:3:4.0,4:2.1|";
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx(cxsmilayers, state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    @Test public void cxSmiLay() {
        String cxsmilayers = "|Sg:c:0,1,2,3,4,5,6::,Sg:c:7,8::,Sg:c:9::,Sg:mix:0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9::,Sg:mix:7,8,9::,SgD::RATIO:1/3::,SgD::RATIO:2/3::,SgD::WEIGHT_PERCENT:15::%,SgH:3:4.0,0:7,4:2.1,1:5,2:6|";
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx(cxsmilayers, state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    @Test public void cxSmiLay2() {
        String cxsmilayers = "|Sg:c:0,1,2::,Sg:c:3::,Sg:mix:0,1,2,3::,SgH:2:1.0|";
        CxSmilesState state = new CxSmilesState();
        assertThat(CxSmilesParser.processCx(cxsmilayers, state), is(not(-1)));
    }

    /**
     * Custom matcher for checking an array of doubles closely matches (epsilon=0.01)
     * an expected value.
     */
    private static class AprxDoubleArray extends BaseMatcher<double[]> {

        double[] expected;
        double epsilon = 0.01;

        public AprxDoubleArray(double ... expected) {
            this.expected = expected;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean matches(Object o) {
            assert o instanceof double[];
            double[] actual = (double[]) o;
            if (expected.length != actual.length)
                return false;
            for (int i = 0; i < expected.length; i++) {
                if (Math.abs(expected[i]-actual[i]) > epsilon)
                    return false;
            }
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        public void describeTo(Description description) {
            description.appendText(Arrays.toString(expected));
        }
    }

}


Whiterocks, Utah

Whiterocks is a census-designated place (CDP) in Uintah County, Utah, United States. The population was 341 at the 2000 census, a slight increase over the 1990 population of 312.

Geography
Whiterocks is located at  (40.467560, -109.929607).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 341 people, 92 households, and 78 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 145.1 people per square mile (56.0/km²). There were 96 housing units at an average density of 40.8/sq mi (15.8/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 5.57% White, 93.84% Native American, and 0.59% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.88% of the population.

There were 92 households out of which 47.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.5% were married couples living together, 47.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.2% were non-families. 10.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 1.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.71 and the average family size was 4.03.

In the CDP, the population was spread out with 41.6% under the age of 18, 13.2% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 15.8% from 45 to 64, and 3.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $10,417, and the median income for a family was $15,156. Males had a median income of $21,750 versus $15,833 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $3,920. About 63.4% of families and 70.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 81.1% of those under age 18 and 90.0% of those age 65 or over.

History
1828 Four men, William "Toopeechee" Reed, Jim Reed, Dennis Julien, and Augustus Archambeaux, French traders from Kentucky, entered the Uintah Basin and set up a trading post near a spring of water just south and east of the present settlement of Whiterocks. The site was at a junction of trails used by the local Ute people. They brought in the first butcher knives, coffee beans, and other articles traded to the locals for fur. Antoine Rubidoux purchased the enterprise in 1832 and built a larger "fort" just east of the post. Fort Robidoux, a center for fur traders, had a life of 12 years. In 1844, this fort was burned to the ground.

October 3, 1861 By order of Abraham Lincoln and the secretary of the Interior the "Uintah Valley in the Territory of Utah, be set apart and reserved for the use and occupancy of Indian Tribes."

1868 Amos Reed, a government clerk in the employment of the Indian Service, made a trip to White Rocks. His guide, Chief Antero, said that since he was to be moved to the Uintah Reservation he would choose White Rocks for his home, and he suggested to Mr. Reed that the Indian Agency be established at that place. His reason for his choice was the fact that White Rocks was located in the center of the Basin. Here the local Utes were used to staying. Here traders and trappers had established posts and headquarters. Many trails led to and from it, and here the site had a lovely natural setting. On the recommendation of Chief Antero the agency was moved from Rock Creek to Whiterocks on Christmas Day 1868.

See also

 List of census-designated places in Utah

References

External links

Category:Census-designated places in Uintah County, Utah
Category:Census-designated places in Utah
Category:Populated places established in 1868


#@ def delete_deployment(env):
task: delete-deployment
file: cf-deployment-concourse-tasks/bosh-delete-deployment/task.yml
input_mapping:
  bbl-state: relint-envs
  pool-lock: pre-dev-pool
params:
  BBL_JSON_CONFIG: pool-lock/metadata
  IGNORE_ERRORS: true
attempts: 3
#@ end


Q:

How to do a scatter plot with empty circles in Python?

In Python, with Matplotlib, how can a scatter plot with empty circles be plotted?  The goal is to draw empty circles around some of the colored disks already plotted by scatter(), so as to highlight them, ideally without having to redraw the colored circles.
I tried facecolors=None, to no avail.

A:

From the documentation for scatter:
Optional kwargs control the Collection properties; in particular:

    edgecolors:
        The string ‘none’ to plot faces with no outlines
    facecolors:
        The string ‘none’ to plot unfilled outlines

Try the following:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

x = np.random.randn(60)
y = np.random.randn(60)

plt.scatter(x, y, s=80, facecolors='none', edgecolors='r')
plt.show()

Note: For other types of plots see this post on the use of markeredgecolor and markerfacecolor.

A:

Would these work?
plt.scatter(np.random.randn(100), np.random.randn(100), facecolors='none')

or using plot()
plt.plot(np.random.randn(100), np.random.randn(100), 'o', mfc='none')

A:

Here's another way: this adds a circle to the current axes, plot or image or whatever :
from matplotlib.patches import Circle  # $matplotlib/patches.py

def circle( xy, radius, color="lightsteelblue", facecolor="none", alpha=1, ax=None ):
    """ add a circle to ax= or current axes
    """
        # from .../pylab_examples/ellipse_demo.py
    e = Circle( xy=xy, radius=radius )
    if ax is None:
        ax = pl.gca()  # ax = subplot( 1,1,1 )
    ax.add_artist(e)
    e.set_clip_box(ax.bbox)
    e.set_edgecolor( color )
    e.set_facecolor( facecolor )  # "none" not None
    e.set_alpha( alpha )

(The circles in the picture get squashed to ellipses because imshow aspect="auto" ).


List of products by manufacturer HQ

<big>The world`s first and only water relaunchable trainer foil. Extremely stable and easy to fly, this closed cell ram–air foil has no bladders to inflate or replace, yet it floats on water. A third line provides the safety system and the ability to reverse launch, making it...


Q:

Various Sums, grouped by Establishment Only

I have the following query, and I can't figure out how to get the desired result set to display.
I need this exact information, but grouped by Establishment ONLY, so that each row will have an Establishment and an appropriate sum and counts for that specific establishment. My query gives me all the correct numbers, except that it's also making me group by typeg, wdl and wdlr, which creates multiple rows for each establishment .
SELECT
    '2014' ,
    t6.Establishment AS 'establishment id' ,
    CASE WHEN wdl > 0 THEN COUNT(wdl) END AS 'Days away cases' ,
    CASE WHEN wdlr > 0 THEN COUNT(wdlr) END AS 'Days transfer cases' ,
    SUM(WDL) AS 'days away',
    SUM(wdlr) AS 'transfer days',
    CASE WHEN typeG = 1 THEN COUNT(typeG) END AS 'Injury Count'
FROM
    cairs.gics t1
LEFT JOIN
    lkuEstablishment t6 ON t1.org = t6.org
WHERE
    Establishment IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY
    Establishment ,
    t1.typeG ,
    t1.WDL ,
    t1.WDLR;

A:

You are not using the CASE expressions correctly. You should use them inside the aggregration functions:
SELECT  '2014',
        t6.Establishment as [establishment id],
        SUM(CASE WHEN wdl > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as [Days away cases],
        SUM(CASE WHEN wdlr > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as [Days transfer cases],
        SUM(WDL) as [days away],
        SUM(wdlr) as [transfer days],
        SUM(CASE WHEN typeG = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as [Injury Count]
FROM cairs.gics t1
LEFT JOIN lkuEstablishment t6
    ON t1.org = t6.org
WHERE Establishment IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY t6.Establishment;


674 F.2d 618
109 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 3244, 93 Lab.Cas.  P 13,355
NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Petitioner,v.ILLINOIS BELL TELEPHONE COMPANY, Respondent.
No. 80-2629.
United States Court of Appeals,Seventh Circuit.
Argued Sept. 28, 1981.Decided March 17, 1982.

Paul J. Spielberg, Elliott Moore-N.L.R.B., Washington, D.C., for petitioner.
Stephen S. Schulson, Ill.  Bell Telephone, Chicago, Ill., for respondent.

1
Before BAUER, Circuit Judge, FAIRCHILD, Senior Circuit Judge, and BROWN, Senior District Judge.*

2
WESLEY E. BROWN, Senior District Judge.

3
Now before us is the application of the National Labor Relations Board for enforcement of its Order against the Respondent, the Illinois Bell Telephone Company.  The Board found that the Company acted unlawfully in denying requests made by two of its employees for union representation during interviews conducted by the Company during an investigation into the billing of charge calls made from the Vandalia, Illinois Rehabilitation Center, a facility housing state prisoners.

4
Following an evidentiary hearing on the Complaint, the Administrative Law Judge found that the Company had violated Section 8(a)(1) of the National Labor Relations Act, 29 U.S.C. § 158(a)(1), by denying the rights of its employees, Hatfield and Wimberly, to be assisted by a union representative of their choice during investigative interviews, contrary to standards set out in N. L. R. B. v. J. Weingarten, Inc., 420 U.S. 251, 95 S.Ct. 959, 43 L.Ed.2d 171 (1975).1  Upon such finding the Administrative Law Judge ordered the Company to cease and desist from conducting such interviews in the absence of employee representatives when requested, ordered the posting of usual notices, and in addition ordered reinstatement, with back pay for the employee Cary Ann Hatfield.

5
The National Labor Relations Board adopted the findings of the Administrative Law Judge, including findings based upon credibility, ordered reinstatement with back pay for Hatfield, and in addition, ordered the Company to expunge from its files all records and references relating to the unlawful suspension and discharge of Ms. Hatfield.  In this action, Illinois Bell has cross-petitioned to set aside the Board's Order, contending that its due process rights were violated when the Board found that it violated the National Labor Relations Act in a manner not alleged in the Complaint; that the Board erred in applying N. L. R. B. v. J. Weingarten, Inc., supra, to the situation in this case; that Section 10(c) of the Act prohibits the Board from ordering reinstatement of an employee discharged for cause; and that there is no substantial evidence to support the findings that Hatfield did not waive her right to union representation, and that Wimberly requested union representation.

6
Giving full effect to the credibility findings of the Administrative Law Judge, as adopted by the Board, the following pertinent facts give rise to this proceeding.  Cary Ann Hatfield and Rebecca Wimberly were employed as long distance operators at the telephone exchange operated by the Company in Centralia, Illinois.  Switchboard operators there are represented by the Communications Workers of America, Local 5008.  In March, 1978, James Lawshe of the Company began to investigate information received from prison officials at the Vandalia Rehabilitation Center to the effect that operators at the Centralia exchange were "adjusting" charges on long distance calls made by prisoners at Vandalia.  Inmates there were permitted to make "collect" long distance calls out of the facility through the Centralia exchange.  On February 28, Rebecca Wimberly told Cary Hatfield that she had received a call from a Vandalia inmate who told her that a Bell Company investigator was coming from Chicago to talk to the Centralia operators and that Hatfield and another employee might lose their jobs.  Hatfield then phoned her union steward, Jan Kirwan, who advised her not to go into any interview alone, and that any union member could serve as her representative.  On March 1, Hatfield was interviewed by James Lawshe, a security agent for the Company, who informed her that he was investigating toll calls being placed by Vandalia prisoners through the Centralia exchange.  Hatfield informed him she wanted a union representative to be present, he assented, and she went in search of one.  The union steward Kirwan was not available because she worked another shift, but Hatfield requested that Cheryl Simonton, a former assistant union steward, be allowed to attend the interview.  When Lawshe learned that Simonton was not a current union steward, he refused to allow her to represent Hatfield.  The interview then proceeded without a union representative or member being present, and Hatfield ultimately signed a written statement admitting that she had reduced time charges on five or six calls for Vandalia prisoners and that she had made about five long distance calls to a friend in California free of charge.

7
The following day, March 2, Lawshe interviewed employee Wimberly.  After Lawshe advised that he was investigating toll calls placed for Vandalia prisoners, Wimberly then asked, "Should I have someone in here with me, someone from the union?", Lawshe replied, "No, it is not necessary as long as you are honest with me."  (Tr. 55).  The interview then proceeded for approximately two hours, without representation for Wimberly.  No disciplinary action was taken against Wimberly.

8
On March 7, the District Manager for Illinois Bell reviewed the Hatfield case and decided she should be discharged.  On March 9th, Hatfield was called in and formally discharged by the Company.

9
Based on these facts, the Board found that the Company had violated Section 8(a)(1) by requiring employees Hatfield and Wimberly to participate in investigatory interviews without the presence of a union representative, despite the requests of the employees.  The Order sought to be enforced requires the Company to cease and desist from engaging in these unfair labor practices or coercing its employees in the exercise of statutory rights.  In addition, the Order requires the Company to offer Hatfield reinstatement, with back pay, and to expunge from its records all references to disciplinary action arising out of the events of the March 1 interview, including the statement Hatfield gave at this interview.  The Order also requires the posting of appropriate notices.

10
We uphold the findings of Section 8(a)(1) violations in the case of both Hatfield and Wimberly, but remand to the Board for further consideration the remedy to be imposed in the case of Hatfield.

11
Initially, the Company contends that it was denied due process of law because the Complaint filed in the proceeding did not raise the issue of whether or not an employee was entitled to the presence of a fellow union member-as opposed to a union official-at an investigatory interview.  A review of the transcript of the administrative hearing establishes, however, that the Company was in fact aware that this was an issue before any evidence was introduced at the hearing, because counsel for the Company raised the issue in his preliminary statement.  Under such circumstance, the Company was not prejudiced and its constitutional right to due process was not violated.

12
The Company contends that Hatfield waived whatever rights she may have had to representation by agreeing to continue with the interview after it appeared that the union steward was not present on the premises.  On this issue the Administrative Law Judge credited Hatfield's testimony over that of Lawshe, concluding that:

13
Under the facts in their record, when Miss Hatfield's selection of a representative was refused, she was not informed that she might terminate the interview or suspend it until a Union officer could be present.  She was detained alone in the locus of managerial authority, peppered repeatedly with hostile questions, and threatened with criminal prosecution....  Such elements in this interview do not support a contention of waiver.  They smack of oppression in the face of a studied reluctance to proceed.  Accordingly, there is utterly no foundation for the Respondent's argument that Miss Hatfield freely and voluntarily waived her right to representation by continuing to answer the questions which Lawshe posed to her.

14
The Board accepted and adopted these findings.  They are supported by substantial evidence and therefore the finding of no waiver must stand.

15
The Company further contends that it did not deny the employee Rebecca Wimberly the right to union representation because she never requested it.  In this respect it appears that after Lawshe announced the purpose of the interview, Wimberly asked him; "Should I have someone in here with me, someone from the union?"  To this Lawshe replied: "No it is not necessary as long as you are honest with me."  We find this to be a sufficiently direct request for union representation.  Lawshe knew or should have known that Wimberly had a right to the presence of a union official.  Wimberly's question was sufficient to put him on notice of her interest in having "someone from the union" present during the interrogation.

16
Under the circumstances recited above, we find that there is substantial evidence in the record as a whole to justify the findings of the Board that Hatfield and Wimberly were denied representation at a meeting which they had reason to believe might result in disciplinary action by their employer.  Clearly a union employee has a right to the presence of a union officer at an investigatory interview.  N. L. R. B. v. J. Weingarten, Inc., supra, 420 U.S. 251, 95 S.Ct. 959, 43 L.Ed.2d 171 (1975).  In Weingarten, the Court pointed out that this right is protected under the provisions of Section 7 of the Act, 29 U.S.C. § 157 (95 S.Ct. 959, at 965):

17
The action of an employee in seeking to have the assistance of his union representative at a confrontation with his employer clearly falls within the literal wording of § 7 that '(e)mployees shall have the right ... to engage in ... concerted activities for the purpose of ... mutual aid or protection.' ....  This is true even though the employee alone may have an immediate stake in the outcome; he seeks 'aid or protection' against a perceived threat to his employment security.  The union representative whose participation he seeks is, however, safeguarding not only the particular employee's interest, but also the interests of the entire bargaining unit by exercising vigilance to make certain that the employer does not initiate or continue a practice of imposing punishment unjustly....

18
In the case of Hatfield, the Company contends that she was not entitled to representation by Cheryl Simonton who, at the time of the interview, had no official status with the union.  It is the Company's view that Hatfield's selection of a "rank and file" union member, who could not be expected to have the knowledge or expertise that union officers have, would have offered no protection during the interview, and hence, Hatfield had no right to request the presence of Simonton at the meeting.  It should be noted at this point, however, that Simonton did have some expertise, in that, she was a former union officer, and since the actual union steward did not work an evening shift with Hatfield it was reasonable for Hatfield to request her aid.  Furthermore, there was no evidence that the collective bargaining agreement applicable to the Centralia facility contained any provision which would waive an employee's right to request a representative other than a union officer.  In any event, the facts establish that Lawshe refused to terminate the interview, and made no effort whatsoever to locate a union steward once Hatfield clearly invoked her right to have a union representative present.  According to the testimony of Cary Hatfield, which was credited by the Board, the following transpired (Tr. pp. 23-24):

19
I told Mrs. Neipoetter I would like Cheryl Simonton in the meeting with me.  She said, 'O.K. I'll ask her.  Go back to the meeting.'  So I went back to the room; the phone rang; Mr. Lawshe picked up the phone and he said, 'No, Cheryl is not a designated union representative.  She will not be allowed to enter the room.'  I said, 'Well, that is not the way I understood it.  I was told that any union member can come in and take notes and serve as a representative,' and he goes 'Well, that is not the way I understand it to be, o.k.  Well, back to the subject' .... he proceeded with his questioning, asking me my association with the inmates at the Vandalia Correctional Center.  He asked me how many I knew.  I said I knew three or four ... I wasn't given an opportunity whether to proceed with or without representation or to not proceed at all.

20
Under the circumstances described above, we find that there is substantial evidence in the record as a whole to support the findings of the Board that both Hatfield and Wimberly requested appropriate representation at their interviews, but that their requests were denied by the Company, in violation of Section 8(a)(1) of the Act.

21
We believe, however, that the determination of the Board that the proper remedy in the case of Hatfield should include reinstatement and back pay is incorrect upon this record.  It is clear that Hatfield was not discharged for requesting union assistance during the interview.  If this had been the case, an order of reinstatement with back pay would be an appropriate remedy for denial of rights of employees protected by Section 7 of the Act, 29 U.S.C.A. §§ 157, 158(a)(1).  See International Ladies Garment Wkrs. U. v. Quality Mfg. Co., 420 U.S. 276, 95 S.Ct. 972, 43 L.Ed.2d 189 (1975).  Instead, the record here establishes that the Company discharged Hatfield for cause, upon a belief that she had been dishonest in the matter of billing toll calls.

22
Section 10(c) of the National Labor Relations Act, 29 U.S.C. § 160(c) specifically provides that:

23
No order of the Board shall require the reinstatement of any individual as an employee who has been suspended or discharged, or the payment to him of any back pay, if such individual was suspended or discharged for cause.  (Emphasis supplied.)

24
In the recent case of N. L. R. B. v. Potter Electric Signal Co., 600 F.2d 120 (8th Cir. 1979) the Court denied enforcement of that part of a remedial order which provided for reinstatement and back pay for employees who were discharged for fighting on the production line.  In that case, the Board found that the Company had violated Section 8(a)(1) of the Act by requiring the two employees to attend investigatory interviews following the fight, without the presence of their union steward after they had requested his presence.  The Court found that while the Company had violated the Act with respect to the interview, the employees were not discharged because they requested union representation, but because of the fight which resulted in shutting down the production line.  See also Montgomery Ward and Co., Inc. v. N. L. R. B., 664 F.2d 1095 (8th Cir. 1981) where employees were discharged for theft, reinstatement with back pay was found to be an inappropriate remedy.

25
In this case, the Company had a legitimate concern in the integrity of its toll system, and was entitled to fully investigate the security of its billing procedures at the Centralia Exchange.  A review of the evidence suggests that Hatfield's discharge was not based solely upon her written statement which was obtained during the unlawful interview, for it does appear that the Company had independent evidence obtained from prison officials at the Vandalia Rehabilitation Center.

26
In order to balance the need of the Company to maintain an honest and efficient workforce, with the duty to enforce the polices of the Act, we believe that Illinois Bell is entitled to show that its discharge of Hatfield was not solely dependent upon evidence obtained from her during the unlawful interview, but that that discharge is and was supported by other independent evidence which was available to the Company at the time of the discharge.  Upon this record, we can not say that there is substantial evidence to support a finding that Hatfield's discharge stemmed solely from the Company's unfair labor practice of forcing her to participate in an interview without representation.

27
For these reasons, we enforce the Board's Order in all respects except as to reinstatement, back pay, and expungement of Hatfield's discharge record.  Enforcement of those portions of the Order relating to Hatfield is denied, and the case is remanded to the Board for such further proceedings as may be required to determine whether independent evidence sufficiently supported the Company's discharge of Hatfield for cause.

*
 The Honorable Wesley E. Brown, Senior District Judge of the District of Kansas, is sitting by designation

1
 In the Complaint filed by the Director, the Board alleged that the Company had violated Section 8(a)(1) and (3) of the National Labor Relations Act, 29 U.S.C. § 158(a)(1) and (3) in that Illinois Bell unlawfully denied union representation to two of its employees during disciplinary interviews, and that it suspended and then discharged Cary Hatfield because she insisted upon union representation at a disciplinary interview.  The Company contended that both employees waived their rights to representation at the interviews in question and that Cary Hatfield was discharged for cause


Nugget's news #2

I asked Nugget yesterday what he was going to talk about. I was genuinely interested in the answer as Nugget is not really a 'foodie' (an anomaly in our family) and therefore he doesn't really talk about food much, or request it. He's fussy but has enough of a repertoire for it to be manageable (if you know what I mean?).

Me: "So, what IS your favourite food, Nug?"

Nugget: "That's easy. Chips."

Me: "Chips? What sort of chips?"

Nugget: "Not fish 'n' chips but the ones Nanny gives me".

The ones Nanny gives him? Methinks.

Me: "You mean cold ones? From a packet? Crispy ones?"

Nugget: "Yes."

Me: "And they are your favourite food? You can't have had them very often?"


Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease caused by motor neuron degeneration and resulting muscle wasting. The ~6,000 new cases of ALS in the US each year afflicts those >40 years of age. There is no effective treatment for ALS and those who contract the disease die 2-5 years after diagnosis. Most causes of ALS are unknown, but the most common known genetic cause is an aberrant C9ORF72 gene. Within this gene, a DNA GGGGCC hexanucleotide sequence is reiterated perhaps thousands of times, which causes the disease. This G4C2 expansion is transcribed into RNA that in turn generate dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs), whose toxicity is thought to promote motor neuron degeneration. We have identified regions in C9ORF72 RNA that are the start sites for DPR synthesis. These start (ribosome initiation) sites can be occluded by binding to complementary DNA antisense oligonucleotides (AS-ODNs), which are modified to readily enter cells of the nervous system and stably and specifically bind their target sequences in C9ORF72 RNA. Such AS-ODNs would inhibit DPR production, thereby slowing or inhibiting disease progression. We propose to use human disease neurons in culture and C9ORF72 model mice to test the efficacy and specificity of AS-ODNs to inhibit DPR synthesis and mitigate ALS pathophysiology.


This invention relates to a phase shifter for electromagnetic traveling waves and especially to an optically variable phase shifter for traveling waves of microwave, millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths.
Conventional phase shifters are electrically variable, that is, the control signal applied to the phase-shifter is electrical. The most common phase shifters use ferrite, diodes or PIN semiconductors as an interaction material to induce phase shifting.
The operation of the ferrite phase shifter is dependent upon the interaction between a slab of ferrite material and a magnetic biasing field for its phase shifting effect. However, the relatively high attenuation of microwave signals by ferrite material at millimeter wavelengths has precluded this method of phase shifting in this frequency range.
The diode phase shifters employ one or more diodes mounted inside a waveguide. The diodes are responsive to a D.C. bias voltage applied across the diode electrodes. The field produced by the bias voltage induces a change in the electrical characteristics of the diode, which in turn affects the microwave impedance at various points within the waveguide. The change in impedance causes a change in phase shift in a microwave signal transmitted through the waveguide. At millimeter wavelength frequencies, the internal dimensions of the waveguide are relatively small so that accurate positioning of a diode is a problem. Also, the attenuation of a microwave signal by a variable reactance diode increases with increasing frequency.
A PIN semiconductor phase shifter is a slab of variable-conductivity semiconductor material in contact with substantially the entire surface area of one of the internal narrow-dimensioned waveguide walls. The microwave conductivity of the semiconductive slab is responsive to the polarity of a D.C. bias voltage applied across the slab electrodes. The polarity of the applied bias voltage changes the conductivity of the slab and causes the phase-determining broad wall dimension of the waveguide to electrically change.
These conventional phase shifters require the application of an electrical signal by either inductive coupling, such as by coils, to the ferrite, or by wiring to the diode or PIN semiconductor. Such applications require structures and circuitry, some of which must be attached to the interaction material and which may cause spurious interference and insertion loss to the phase shifting performance. The circuitry typically includes isolation networks to prevent such interference. The structures and circuitry are costly and may be inconvenient for specific applications where space is limited.
The response time, that is, the time for the traveling wave to shift in phase in response to the electrical signal applied to the phase shifter, is slow for conventional phase shifters because the response time is dependent on the medium which conducts the electrical signal. The response time for the PIN semiconductor phase shifter is further dependent on the traversal of electron-hole pairs across its entire intrinsic region.


The story of us ..

I need to first explain how my finance and I met.. We work in an emergency room of one of the biggest hospitals in New York City. During Hurricane Irene our entire hospital was closed and evacuated. However a hand full of medical staff was needed to stay behind incase any patients came to our door for help. We didn't really know each other and for 4 days we were locked inside the Emergency Dept riding out the storm.
When our four days were over , we were in love and inseparable ever since ;
Recently we planed a trip to Las Vegas. It was my birthday present to her. My biggest concern was getting the ring there unnoticed and undetected. I sewed it into a boxing glove key chain and managed to get it there no problem.
;
Once landing at Las Vegas airport we were greeted by a limo driver waiting for us. But rather than take us to our hotel. He took us to another terminal where our helicopter to the bottom of the Grand Canyon west rim was waiting. She was totally surprised. Once we landed 3200 feet into the Grand Canyon. I got behind her while commenting how the canyon and river go on forever. Mentioned how we should go on forever as well and gave her the ring . She was surprised we celebrated with champagne next to the river before boarding the helicopter back to Las Vegas

I couldn't have pulled it off without the help and knowledge of the amazing blue Nile staff who guided me with the ring while I planed everything else


Q:

User input from editText to a String

I looks like a simple question, but i can't manage to get it to work.
I'm trying to make weather app, and im using Yahoo API, And like this the app works:
        service.refreshWeather("Dallas, TX");

I wanted to make the user input the city, so i made this:
    mButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.mDugme);
    mEdit = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.unesiGrad);
    String userInput11;

    mButton.setOnClickListener(
            new View.OnClickListener()
            {
                public void onClick(View view)
                {
                     userInput11 = mEdit.getText().toString();
                }
            });

    service.refreshWeather(userInput11);

Why isn't it working?

A:

Take this code
mButton.setOnClickListener(
            new View.OnClickListener()
            {
                public void onClick(View view)
                {
                     userInput11 = mEdit.getText().toString();
                }
            });

    service.refreshWeather(userInput11);

and reorder it to look like this
mButton.setOnClickListener(
                new View.OnClickListener()
                {
                    public void onClick(View view)
                    {
                         userInput11 = mEdit.getText().toString();
                         service.refreshWeather(userInput11);
                    }
                });

It may demand to declare service as final. I am not sure. Just follow IDE instructions.


France national field hockey team

France national field hockey team may refer to:
 France men's national field hockey team
 France women's national field hockey team


Log cabins are generally low-maintenance houses since they are located in far out places and it is obviously not easy to get maintenance staff or equipment there. Log cabin plans tell the whole story. Most of the building material including the floor textures used in a log cabin requires very basic maintenance and it looks as good as new. The exterior of a log cabin has to face the nature’s wrath and thus is very simple to maintain.
However, some people might like to keep the interiors of the log cabin in a very good condition and might use professional maintenance and restoration services. These services provide detailed maintenance services for the log cabin and do not come cheap.

Some of the steps of maintenance for a log cabin include staining of the interior and exterior wood, chinking repair and replacement, borate treatment to safeguard against pests, stay dry, chemical strip and cob blasting. Deck cleaning and sealing are also important since that is where most of the time of the log cabin residents is spent.
Log cabin plans should include inspection of the entire log cabin along with finishing of rough edges is part of the maintenance procedure. If you are a log cabin owner and rent it out on frequent occasions to holiday-makers then good maintenance will go a long way to fetch you an attractive rental income. Apart from that, the overall value of log cabins tends to be higher if they are well maintained and clean.

A quick search online will provide you with details of a number of agencies who deal in maintenance services for log cabins. It is advisable that you narrow down your selection to a few companies in the region where your log cabin is situated and take comparative quotes for them for the maintenance requirement and then make a decision.


Arson Suspected In State Fair Barn Fires

Louisville, KY – Public Protection Cabinet spokesperson Dick Brown says arson investigators looked into the pattern of the fire, and also learned there had been a small fire the day before that had been extinguished. Brown says two fires in two days is a suspicious event.

"The investigators from the Federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms brought in a team of dogs that could alert to accelerants, and they did that. They did alert to accelerants."

Brown says investigators are conducting interviews with people who work at the fairgrounds. That's proving to be a challenging process, because many of those workers were seasonal employees for the state fair.


The present invention relates generally to battery charging apparatus and methods therefor, and, more particularly, to a battery charger having gripper arms for gripping surfaces of a battery pack to maintain the battery pack in position at a charging position, thereat to permit application of a charging current by charging circuitry of the battery charger to the battery cells of the battery pack.
Oftentimes, an electrical device is constructed to be of a design to permit powering thereof by one or more batteries. In some instances, the use of a battery to power the electrical device is necessary when the electrical device is not, or cannot be, positioned proximate to a permanent power supply. In other instances, a battery is used to power the electrical device to increase the portability of the device as no power cable is required to interconnect the electrical device to a permanent, power supply. Typically, the one or more batteries used to power the electrical device are carried directly with the electrical device.
However, because a battery stores only finite amounts of energy, operation of the electrical device is limited by the energy storage capacity of the battery. Powering of the electrical device by the battery discharges the battery, and, once the battery becomes discharged, replacement of the battery is required to permit continued operation of the electrical device. Increasing the size (and weight) of the battery, while increasing the energy storage capacity of the battery, reduces the portability of the electrical device when the battery is carried therewith. Accordingly, a compromise is made between increased battery energy storage capacity and reduced portability of the electrical device.
A portable or transportable radiotelephone is one such electrical device which is typically powered by a battery power supply. The battery power supply is typically carried directly with the radiotelephone, and is of a size and weight which does not unduly constrain the portability of the radiotelephone.
When the radiotelephone is operative to send or to receive a modulated signal, the radiotelephone typically dissipates power at a rate of up to three watts. Conventional battery power supplies constructed to power such radiotelephones are of energy storage capacities permitting power dissipation at such a rate (i.e., operation of the radiotelephone) for approximately a one hour time period. If the battery power supply operative to power the radiotelephone is not initially fully charged, the operational period during which the radiotelephone may be operated at such a power level is, of course, commensurately reduced.
Once the battery power supply has been discharged beneath a certain level, the battery powering the radiotelephone must be removed and replaced with a new battery power supply to permit continued operation of the radiotelephone.
Rechargeable batteries have been developed and are commercially available. Some of such commercially-available, rechargeable batteries are of constructions designed for use to power radiotelephones. The use of rechargeable batteries is advantageous as, after discharge of the batteries, the rechargeable batteries may be recharged, and then reused. Some constructions of rechargeable batteries may be recharged, and reused, up to, and even in excess of, five hundred times.
A rechargeable battery construction used to power a portable radiotelephone is typically comprised of several discrete battery cells, connected in a series (or other) connection, and housed within a common housing. The housing, together with the battery cells, is sometimes referred to as a battery pack. For purposes of simplicity, such a construction is most times referred to simply by the term "battery." The present disclosure utilizes such simplified terminology except when the more precise terminology is required.
The batteries may be constructed to be of various energy storage capacities. For instance, by appropriately increasing the number of battery cells disposed in a single battery pack comprising the battery, the energy storage capacity of the battery may be increased.
Rechargeable batteries of various energy storage capacities for powering a portable radiotelephone are commercially available. When selecting amongst these various batteries, a user makes the aforementioned compromise between increased battery energy storage capacity and reduced portability of the radiotelephone. That is to say, a user selecting a battery power supply of increased energy storage capacity does so at the expense of an increase in the size and weight of the battery power supply so selected. Conversely, a user selecting a battery power supply of reduced size and weight does so at the expense of a decrease in the energy storage capacity of the battery power supply so selected.
A battery used to power a portable radiotelephone (or other electronic device) is usually device-specific. That is, the battery is constructed to permit the battery terminals thereof to be connected readily to corresponding contacts of a radiotelephone of a particular construction (or of an other electronic device of a particular construction). The battery terminals are positioned to facilitate connection with the contacts of the radiotelephone (or other electronic device). Typically the housing of the battery also includes structure to affix the battery to the radiotelephone to permit carriage of the battery with the radiotelephone. Batteries constructed to power other electronic devices are oftentimes similarly constructed.
Battery charging apparatus is also commercially available to permit recharging of rechargeable batteries. A battery charger comprising such battery charging apparatus is typically comprised of support structure for supporting one or more batteries, and charging circuitry for supplying a charging current of desired characteristics which charges the rechargeable battery when suitably positioned upon the support structure to connect the batteries to the charging circuitry of the battery charging apparatus.
Most frequently, a battery charger is coupled to an external power supply (typically, a conventional, electrical outlet of a household power supply). The battery charging circuitry is operative to convert the electrical characteristics of the externally-supplied power of the external power supply into a charging current of desired characteristics to be applied to the battery. The energy of the charging current applied to the rechargeable battery is converted into chemical energy which is stored by the battery. Application of such charging current to the rechargeable battery over the elapsed period of time permits the rechargeable battery to become fully recharged. The time period required to charge fully the rechargeable battery is dependent upon the battery type and energy storage capacity, the extent to which the battery has been discharged, and the magnitude of the charging current applied to the battery.
Certain battery chargers are of constructions which supply a relatively small magnitude current (such as, for example, C/10 value wherein C is the 1-hour capacity of a battery) to the battery, and battery chargers of other constructions supply a significantly larger current (such as, for example, C value) to the battery. Application of the large magnitude current to the battery is referred to as fast charging of the battery. Application of a small magnitude current to the battery is referred to as trickle charging of the battery. Several battery chargers are of constructions which permit the application of either the large current (i.e., the fast charging current) or the relatively small current (i.e., the trickle charging current) to the battery to recharge the battery thereby.
With the continual reduction in the physical dimensions of many electronic devices, the convenience of use of such devices has increased. In the particular instance of portable radiotelephones, the continual reduction in the dimensions of the portable radiotelephones has permitted convenient carriage of such radiotelephones by a user.
However, and as noted hereinabove, all battery power supplies are of finite energy storage capacities; accordingly, operation of such radio telephones by a single battery power source, even one of an increased energy storage capacity, is limited. After an extended period of use (such period of operation dependent upon the energy storage capacity of the battery), the battery must be replaced with a fresh battery or the battery must be recharged. In order to recharge the battery, a battery charger is required to supply the rechargeable battery, once depleted of stored energy, with a charging current. For the same reasons for which a reduction in the physical dimensions of electronic devices are desirable, a reduction in the physical dimensions of a battery charger operative to recharge a rechargeable battery is also desirable.
The battery charger must also be capable of receiving a battery of any of various energy storage capacities and, hence, physical dimensions.
What is needed, therefore, is a battery charger construction of minimal dimensions permitting recharging of any of many differently-sized rechargeable batteries.


Greek women earn 12.5% less than men, Eurostat data reveals

Mar, 07 2018
Author: Thema Newsroom

Germany is one of the EU countries with the highest gender pay gap

Female employees in Greece earn 12.5% less pay on average, compared to men, according to Eurostat data published in 2014 on occasion of World Women’s Day. However, the indicator showed a decrease compared to 2010, where the deviation of work pay between the two sexes stood at 15%.

On an EU level, the gender pay gap narrowed slightly by 0.6 percentage points from 16.8% in 2011 to 16.2% in 2016. Overall in the EU, the gender pay gap was less than 10% in Romania (5.2%), Italy (5.3%), Luxembourg (5.5%), Belgium (6.1% ), Poland (7.2%) and Slovenia (7.8%) and Croatia (8.7%), based on 2014 figures.
In contrast, the gender pay gap was over 20% in Estonia (25.3%), the Czech Republic (21.8%), Germany (21.5%), the United Kingdom (21.0% ) and Austria (20.1%).


Early termination of spiral wave reentry by combined blockade of Na+ and L-type Ca2+ currents in a perfused two-dimensional epicardial layer of rabbit ventricular myocardium.
Modification of spiral wave (SW) reentry by antiarrhythmic drugs is a central issue to be challenged for better understanding of their benefits and risks. We investigated the effects of pilsicainide and/or verapamil, which block sodium and L-type calcium currents (I(Na) and I(Ca,L)), respectively, on SW reentry. A two-dimensional epicardial ventricular muscle layer was created in rabbit hearts by cryoablation (n = 32), and action potential signals were analyzed by high-resolution optical mapping. During constant stimulation, pilsicainide (3-5 microM) caused a frequency-dependent decrease of conduction velocity (CV; by 20%-54% at 5 Hz) without affecting action potential duration (APD). Verapamil (3 microM) caused APD shortening (by 16% at 5 Hz) without affecting CV. Ventricular tachycardias (VTs) that were induced were more sustained in the presence of either pilsicainide or verapamil. The incidence of sustained VTs (>30 s)/all VTs per heart was 58% +/- 9% for 5 microM pilsicainide vs. 22% +/- 9% for controls and 62% +/- 10% for 3 microM verapamil vs. 22% +/- 8% for controls. The SWs with pilsicainide were characterized by slower rotation around longer functional block lines (FBLs), whereas those with verapamil were characterized by faster rotation around shorter FBLs. Combined application of 3 microM pilsicainide and 3 microM verapamil resulted in early termination of VTs (sustained VTs/all VTs per heart: 2% +/- 2% vs. 29% +/- 9% for controls); SWs showed extensive drift and decremental conduction, leading to their spontaneous annihilation. Blockade of either I(Na) or I(Ca,L) stabilizes SWs in a two-dimensional epicardial layer of rabbit ventricular myocardium to help their persistence, whereas blockade of both currents destabilizes SWs to facilitate their termination.


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