Median costs ( labour and materials ) for securement per patient were significantly higher in all groups compared with the control group ( SPU , $ 3.48 [ IQR , $ 3.48 - $ 9.79 ] ; BPU + SPU , $ 5.07 [ IQR , $ 5.07 - $ 12.99 ] ; SSD + SPU , $ 10.90 [ IQR , $ 10.90 - $ 10.90 ] ; TA + SPU , $ 17.70 [ IQR , $ 17.70 - $ 38.36 ] ; all P < 0.01 ) .