Compared with OP , PKEP was associated with less perioperative hemoglobin decrease , shorter catheterization time , and shorter postoperative hospital stay ( 1.0 vs 3.2 g/dl , 40 vs 148h , and 3 vs 8 d , respectively ; p < 0.001 for all ) , as well as fewer short-term complications ( 22.5 % vs 42.5 % , p = 0.031 ) .