At baseline , monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 ( MCP-1 ) ( P = 003 ) , IFN ( P = 002 ) , tumour necrosis factor - ( TNF ) ( P < 001 ) and soluble vascular adhesion molecule ( sVCAM ) ( P = 0001 ) levels were elevated in DM-CKD compared with DM-only patients .