The changes for PD were as follows ( mm , 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] ) : at 1 year : EF ( 4.4 mm , 4.0 to 4.7 ) , ED ( 3.7 mm , 3.4 to 4.0 ) , and E ( control ) ( 3.3 mm , 3.0 to 3.6 ) ; at 3 years : EF ( 4.4 mm , 4.1 to 4.8 ) , ED ( 3.7 mm , 3.4 to 4.0 ) , and E ( 3.1 mm , 2.8 to 3.4 ) .