A case-cohort study in 1605 pregnant Bangladeshi women [ median ( IQR ) gestational age : 10 wk ( 8-13 wk ) ] who participated in a placebo-controlled vitamin A - or - carotene-supplementation trial was done to assess ORs of miscarriage in women with low - tocopherol ( < 12.0 mol/L ) and - tocopherol ( < 0.81 mol/L ; upper tertile cutoff of the - tocopherol distribution in women who did not miscarry ) .