To test the efficacy of 3 interventions for opioid dependence : ( 1 ) screening and referral to treatment ( referral ) ; ( 2 ) screening , brief intervention , and facilitated referral to community-based treatment services ( brief intervention ) ; and ( 3 ) screening , brief intervention , ED-initiated treatment with buprenorphine/naloxone , and referral to primary care for 10-week follow-up ( buprenorphine ) .