Thirty males ( mean SD : age , 24 5 yr ; VO2 peak , 51.1 7.0 mL kg ( -1 ) min ( -1 ) ) performed an acute high-intensity interval training session , comprised of 4 30-s sprints , immediately followed by one of the following three 15-min recovery conditions : CWI ( 10.3 C 0.2 C ) , thermoneutral water immersion placebo ( TWP ) ( 34.7 C 0.1 C ) , or thermoneutral water immersion control ( TWI ) ( 34.7 C 0.1 C ) .