The 10-year cumulative probability of graft failure was higher in participants with PACE than in those with Fuchs dystrophy ( 37 % vs 20 % ; hazard ratio [ HR ] , 2.1 [ 99 % CI , 1.4-3 .0 ] ; P < .001 ) and in participants with a history of glaucoma before penetrating keratoplasty , particularly with prior glaucoma surgery ( 58 % with prior glaucoma surgery and use of medications to lower intraocular pressure at the time of surgery vs 22 % with no history of glaucoma surgery or medication use ; HR , 4.1 [ 99 % CI , 2.2-7 .5 ] ; P < .001 ) .