Primary pharmacokinetic end points were area under the concentration-versus-time curve from zero to infinity ( AUC ( 0 - ) ) and maximum plasma concentration ( C ( max ) ) for R - and S-warfarin ; pharmacodynamic end points were area under the international normalized ratio ( INR ) effect-time curve after the warfarin dose ( AUC ( INR ) ) and maximum INR ( INR ( max ) ) .