Participants included primarily African American women and their first live-born children living in highly disadvantaged urban neighborhoods , who were assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups : treatment 1 ( transportation for prenatal care [ n = 166 ] ) , treatment 2 ( transportation plus developmental screening for infants and toddlers [ n = 514 ] ) , treatment 3 ( transportation plus prenatal/postpartum home visiting [ n = 230 ] ) , and treatment 4 ( transportation , screening , and prenatal , postpartum , and infant/toddler home visiting [ n = 228 ] ) .