Compared with the no-treatment control group , patients receiving taVNS significantly differed in measures of FPG ( F ( 2 ) = 10.62 , p < 0.001 ) , 2hPG F ( 2 ) = 25.18 , p < 0.001 ) and HbAlc ( F ( 1 ) = 12.79 , p = 0.001 ) over the course of the 12week treatment period .