what is that called, still people who commit these crimes but it's definitely a lot lesser compared to the overseas where they may not be so stringent with their law enforcement so , I think that education, on it's own does not prevent crime but I believe like


a combination of, education and many other factors such as our, what's that like laws like these kind of prevention laws will can help, do you have anything to add on maybe about the education after the crime is done


(mmhmm)


I think you should like opposed to the education like why why why do you find the education might not help like for example habitat eh rehabilitation centres, okay


but so if education does not solve the problem of the crime uh problem of crime via maybe like rehabilitation centres and all err then, it is kind of like, contradicting singapore's, err, regulation so for example like you know how we talked about how singapore has a very strict drug enforcement


like law here and I feel like that has help and that's considered education right because like if I'm look at the statistics so according to the straits times err in two thousand and nineteen the people who, like the second offender rate is only twenty four percent err which is like one in four which is quite low compared to relative to other countries so


because of singapore's efforts also to bring people to like rehab and stuff because they believe in their second chances so through this statistic err and many other studies that show that rehabilitation is better than, jailing people


err I feel that education, is still a very good solution to the problem of crime, yeah


so how do they how do how how does the family, now not to commit crime, and where do they get these moral values from


word of mouth, so where do these people that they learn from get their, like moral values from


okay okay


err moving on from that point err you brought up the point about how it, might be expensive to educate, err, and like to fund rehabilitation centres and all I do agree that is, more expensive to do that than to like incarcerate people but then


also we all pay tax right when you reach a certain income level like wouldn't it be good to know that your money is going towards helping people get a second chance cause like you mentioned just now so like, these people are not necessarily a bad people and sometimes they just commit crimes because you know because of circumstance or like bad or bad crowd that they are hanging out with so wouldn't it be nice to know that your tax money is going to help people get second chances in life rather than that your tax money like going to like fireworks for example


wouldn't it be good what does like isn't it good to for for society that we spend money on helping people to become like better versions of themselves


super I think the problem with like err pointing up a few people who like example like if they commit murders yeah is is like really bad and it's, ashamed that they did it and I know there are permanent consequences to that however there is a greater bulk of the population who committed maybe like betty crimes like smaller crimes like I don't know theft even though is obviously not good lah but it's sorry good but it's not murder and I think to


say that educating them because a, like a bad like a few rotten apples like we might waste money on a few rotten apples like it's, not necessarily like, valid because it's like you don't give you don't donate money to like people on


the street because they might spend it on drugs but there are people who are actually, pay to like, will spend it on food and stuff yeah thanks


to what extent can debate topic one oh okay okay hello


gonna talk about uh my defense on why education is somewhat uh important to a then err okay I do believe that, education is important to the certain extent and like for example the singapore right everyone have to complete at least their secondary school cause is the bare minimum for anyone but however after that it's really up to the person as well because err further studies like in


poly or university requires uh a lot more, how do I say funding for some people and for some people err in our country may not have that uh amount of money and couldn't could not afford education as well so as a result they will


ask for loans and, that's that's the there is nothing wrong with that but ah let's say after the education and they have to repay the back the loan and sometimes ah, in singapore you may not able to get a job straight after university for like couple of months or sometimes even years


so that that that that is the reason why err education might not be, ah might not improve the life of some people some may say you also may ah harm the life of some people like do more harm than good because they uh


contain constantly be in ah living in debt and need to pay up ah their education fees as well, a second point I want to add up is ah ah in our society like specifically in singapore ah we are very competitive cause we would like to have like perfect grades everyone is chasing grades so


ah instead of today's education is more about uh I feel is more about chasing grades rather than actual learning points and or skills because we'll because everyone want to be that perfect a student and they want to be hired by a very well known company to like


and better pay when days are get out of poly or university, also , yeah sorry I got cut off again


also there is, study showns also that, people with like lower education like, lower uh how how do I say like if you will official education like university or, poly education is they able to live like normal lives cause they'll


can find other ways of, improving their life so education might not be for everyone, like how you say but I do agree that everyone needs a certain form of basic education to , live a life a normal life in singapore cause we we as humans we need to understand each other when we communicate and having like a baseline ya at basic or baseline education it's really the way to go


okay I think that's my point thank you


oh yes err, my thought was, ah I was basic by thought against like higher education so like you know people will have like, err there are O levels or n levels as their minimum, right so they don't have to


go to like university or poly to get a, how do I say , to get a high understanding of something can either go to like private course or like there's like government course as well like skills feature to get like their skills to learn skills that is somewhat


maybe a toned down version of what they will learn in university as such


well I do believe that ah, it can like make, people's life who has fought but not for everyone but for some people because , some may find like some may hesitate halfway into their education uh path like for instance one of my close friends err he said he had a plan he follow it but halfway through the education process


he decide to drop out because he couldn't handle the stress and such but and, as a result of that now he's is err, , he's not going to school cause it actually dropped out and, ya he is actually just suffering now and only have like a cert ticket in O levels so I find it


pretty hard is it can be detrimental to some people but for the majority it can improve their life of some


for the most part yes,


err well I do have one example ah, maybe okay, this might be controversial but not at all education is good education like for instance, err people might, how to say it's like


they might be learning about the wrong thing like not the wrong thing in particular it's like, they are being told the wrong thing so like they been educated wrongly if you will like do you know how people say out of those, uh entire vexes because they say all vaccine is bad for you everything and


in a way this people are being educated in a wrong way so yeah in that term then yeah education might not be, improving the lives of some people


ah yes ah, I think there's yes ah


that is true what he said, but oh yeah I would like to bring out another point ah, because okay because of like like you said like chasing grades is kind of like a reward thing right, and they are also like being pressured by people to like their parents to like get better grades and like if they don't get those better grades it like for example their parents say oh get a A grade then they've finally got like a


I don't know a B grade and like they might feel very pressured and stress and that stress can lead to like ah I don't know maybe suicide or maybe not wanting to continue studies or like make them more depress and as well as


how do I say this , parents in singapore like, are urging their kids to get more and more like tuition like, supplementary classes like piano classes everything so yeah and also ah I know like a few people that


can that have been successful without education as well for example, ah my sister because she, well she had she have some education but is not until like the high level of, poly or university


she had only a NITEC cert in nursing, but, she was she is quite successful now also ah people like steve jobs are also dropouts and as you can see right now he he made a multimillion dollar company and it's ah quite successful as well


I think she brought up a very good point I agree on a lot of, s thing she says, and yeah


uh I think that's that's all I'm going to say


the err she brought up some very good points err some very very valid points err but


as I would like to stand I feel that education is not really necessary for success because you have to ask people what is success because success is defined by, it might be defined by being ah having a lot of money or having financial ah being financially secured or having a house something like that


but some people may view success as a different thing for example, some people like to view success as having a family, or just having a regular job and not being in debt


that's one of the few examples err, err I also have err in the previous topic I also spoke about my system being a very very successful cause, she only have like education until the NITEC level


err and she was in nursing, but now she is studying, eh not studying sorry she is a very very successful property agent ah cause one could say because she's successful she is successful because she is financially secure and own a house and that's what people would generally


ah, generally say when people are successful when they are financially financially secure and, having house or car so, this go back some point like you don't really have to have a high education to be successful but however this is only applicable to


a man a minor minority of people and the exceptional few and I would say like my sister is the exceptional few as well, and I would like to point out that ah danial brought up a good point about learning soft skills like presentation and such in school because this is the type of thing we have to learn with I mean with people with a lot of people and going to school is good because you get to socialise and


ah practise this skill as well however , another thing yeah I believe that, having connections is, more important than having a very high education because err


these people you have connections with, they might be very successful in the future or like even now and they know you better than, like for example if you, were to get a university degree or bachelor err and go to interview for a job err


they will will not know you like for who you are because they will judge you from a piece of paper and from your resume as well so this is why I feel that having connection is great as well err yeah I think that sums up my point


yes err what she said is


correct and I agree with with her points cause uh yup correct because you need education to get a job and without education you can't get a job cause education it's like it's like proving to someone oh I have this seal err qualification, uh please hire me so they are like investing in you then no


their recruit they are investing by recruiting you with your high or exceptional, qualification but I would like to point point point out that , I'm trying to say that education in like generally like


err in schools or like, like formal education what I'm trying to say is not really necessary because there's a lot of err information available err in the, in the internet and most of the it if err most of this information are are free so they can just access it at their own free will and they don't really have to go to school and like sort of home school if you will err


but that does prove that but that does bring a problem of like how do you prove this to like your interviewer, like, like they that that you have, got gotten this skill or, you have done what you have done


but, as such ah like I said before connections is important, so, more important than education but even so you still need education to like do the basics or stuff ah yes that's ah that's my point


yeah I do agree with her because err in this society we do need like proof because, err why is there, like , to prove that you have this skill if you don't have like a portfolio or resume


but then again I do believe that, you can still get by without education but, is a longer and harder path to follow but if some people are willing to work hard for


the success they are aiming for, that is fine but for the vast majority err they would like they would go through this educational ins institute like universities and all, to become successful because they ah how to say they are not sure of their future so having like a university degree will make them


how do I say err, have more doors open to them if you will uh and be more generalise and be accepted, cause, the degree in in singapore is like the bare minimum like you said in your points in one of your points


and ya in conclusion, ah I do feel that, education is, not really necessary but, at the same time basic education is necessary for everyone


if you will, beside as in like err, like you know in singapore you have to complete your primary and secondary education yes correct and


yeah, basic in that point so you can like communicate people and like understand some of what they are talking cause you can't possibly learn, like, by yourself because you need some people teach you although some people can but most people could not so that is why


a basic, education is very important, well


let's say , it will teach you like communication skills and such uh, in both primary and secondary school, and err, yeah this, this can help someone like, to like how do I say


to get like skills in the future like not formal skills like, maybe, okay I wouldn't say not formal skills but, like skills for licenses to in order in order to get a job, or like to open like a business because they they will need to be able to communicate with people as well


uh


yeah I do agree to that but, when you, like for example you get into the workforce uh I'm to believe you can learn this type of skills along like the same type of skills you learn is like in like ITE or like in tertiary education uh because you are you are also exposed to other people and you might pick up like soft skills from them


so that what I was trying to say


yes correct only as if an exceptional few that can succeed succeed without education yeah ah


so my point is, okay I'm gonna say that okay, I agree with her that education for, the majority is, it's good way of preventing not is a good way of preventing crime because


most people that err, engaged in criminal activities are people who are, okay A uneducated or have like nothing to do with their free time ah but with yeah but with education err some of this


people who had who have or like had criminal thoughts will get occupied by schools, by like in their free time and, in a way prevent criminal acts are from being uh


from err yeah form them bringing, created but however err, people who are educated as well also, , how do I say


also do commit crimes like for example, they might like, people who are highly highly educated like like for example let's say lawyers ah, they might find like loopholes in like rules O like in a way they can like twist it in their way and to commit something that was supposed to be illegal but by definition it is not legal


so in a way education doesn't really solve, ah crime if you get what I mean, and also err crime is also, sorry


ah people get sometime people get mixed up with the wrong crowd and, although you if you even though you have education or not uh this crowd can, appear in both school or in public so


this is another point that say like crime and education doesn't really solve doesn't really reduce crime rates but it is helping in one way or the other, okay


ah that's a very good point as well, but, okay, well education in a way that,


actually ah I do agree with her point and, I have, nothing to bring up that can defend what I'm trying to say in that education doesn't really help crime, because what she what she has said have been very valid and


also very reasonable as well,


okay one thing about education ah about after the crime is done is, the one point I have is like when the criminals are caught and they are put into habilitation instead of being punished for what they do I think that's a good but of education being a problem solver to crime to decrease crime if you will but like you said


ah is a combination of education and law and deterrence, to solve the problem of crime and lower the crime rate in singapore so I feel that in a way it's, also like a multiple factors that


more two factors that will help to solve the problem of crab, yeah


well okay in my, like I what I'm trying to say is like it might help for some people, like got some people really turn into like turn over a new leaf after after going through the , prison system or part the law system or whatever


but some people after they are being release they do go back to their old ways and, also like for example they might take drugs or like or like steal a car or something like that and also I feel that


family support like support like, but their peers by either their peers or family is more important than education because , most people that commit crimes acts on feelings and necessity rather than education


if you will so, in that sense yes I feel that education does not, problem does not solve the problem of, okay okay


like you said education ah to edu like to educate ah, convicts may cause it can cost more actually to to like the taxpayers also and, err as such that


education doesn't also like it says doesn't really, solve the problem of crime, and my point still stands that I feel that, family and the people around you is more important in helping in real re rehabilitation and the prevention of crime because


you only you are like the person you are when you are mixing with other people because we we have to remember we are like the byproduct of our of our parents so like whatever they do we follow in, in the full start if you will


, okay maybe like through like, their moral values, other than


where to get this more values for like, for other people as well like, word of mouth if you will and not through like, yes word of mouth, the


err, maybe through, but past experiences and maybe not really through education, but maybe like personal experience or as what or such


because like like you said ah education is okay what I'm trying to say is like, err those like formal educations ah those formal education doesn't solve like the problem of crime but I'm trying to say like err informal if you've informal education like


example like personal experience, will like, it's more helpful than, a formal education, ah


because okay you brought up a very good point as well and like, let's say, cause some crimes are, you can't educate them from, not, like you can't rehabilitate like for example like murder


or like drug trafficking, or like human trafficking because these are very like very very serious crimes, and, even though you're you are paying tax to know that's, some people are like want to turn a over a new leaf


but there are like this exceptional fews that even with education you you can like rehabilitate them cause, they have this err, one thought in mind already


okay uh topic one err consider the view that spoken language is more important than the written form, okay


so since I'm on the proposition then I will go first right, okay so yes with, I would agree that the spoken language is more important than the written form because , as we are in a world of communication we would understand that communication is not just about words so in order for the other party to actually understand the full extent of what we are talking about when we are communicating it's actually also about the tone


it's also about the emotions that we bring about when we are communicating, so when we actually talking to each other , in real life or even over the phone is much clearer in terms of what or how we are actually feeling since the other party can actually hear our tone


since our tone is so much harder to be picked up during the written language I think as part of how , part of our work here you'll see that, now we have a lot of like social media data analytics and part of that is actually to experience with even


understanding sentiments but through my experience with my data AI they're still actually learning on the sentiments it doesn't seem like they are able to do so quite perfectly yet so sometimes when they are deciphering like a certain


post let's say on facebook it can be considered as a happy sentiment that say if the person were to say this movie is really good, but I guess like if we were to actually hear it from that person this can be a very sarcastic remark so the tone does matter as to


the part of the communication with the tone then it will be better able to understand, that actually that that, post that states that , the movie is really good is a sarcastic one rather than an actual heartfelt genuine complement to the movie


yeah, so that would be my first point


okay, actually going upon your point about trying to pass down the legacy of a certain culture actually like even a certain certain classics let's say


I would actually argue that the spoken language is actually the one that is doing all this in our current times so considering in singapore , we are actually a very diverse group with people of different you know ages and of different races and the funny thing is that


we actually have a lot of err different generations right so and I think it's quite apparent in singapore right now that you will see, that the younger generation is actually unable to communicate with the older generation, because the spoken language is lost and that would actually refer to the dialects that we are actually speaking right now lah so personally I wouldn't be able to speak any dialects


and so I can't actually communicate with any of my aunties or uncles and I think the interesting thing about dialect is that, it cannot be written you know, definitely there are some words that are like we can we can we can use a similar sounding words there actually replace it by you see for somebody that does not understand that it's actually part of a dialect


that is new and it's looking at it let's say ten years from now they wouldn't be able to decipher what language this is so it has to be spoken out for people to actually understand that oh that is you know cantonese you know that is teochew yeah


and, and I think even let say in terms of err actual communication way our, even if let's say we do find a way to write it down lah, I believe that people from my let's say my parents' generation my aunties generation they wouldn't have learned the language through


the written word so it does not benefit us in the matter that I will still not be able to communicate with them despite learning how to write, the dialects, because they have not learned it, so this languages right these dialects that we are actually actually losing right now is lost because it is not spoken


yeah, so that that will be my second point


okay , okay I, I would think that yes written language would have certain advantage over the spoken one err especially on the part of the recording


and passing it down, so the aim but I would like to point out like something that is actually quite interesting about the spoken language ah , so if we look at , we look at how people are always trying to let's say


convince another person, or you know through, very important events like for people that are trying to campaign to be a president you know people are trying to run for election , giving thanks you know everything is actually done in this important for this important events right it's actually that people need to be charismatic when they speak


so let's say for example let's say we're going to campaign for a president uh for the presidential race, it's like how , obama was met err managed to convinced the public with his speech you know it was written out in the first place of course but the written speech you know


of just the written speech itself if it were to be circulated among the the the people without obama giving that speech it would have been actually a lot less impactful, I think with with the with the spoken language what we see is as I've mentioned before the the


portray of the emotions the feelings that we can actually see very clearly and how it actually helps to convince like another person so we don't see important events in like presidential races where people just handout you know speech for the other party to read for for the for the


public to read you know it's it's, it must be spoken, you know even though the speech has already been written in the first place ah but , the the person must always come up to actually speak on it, you know give them give they the the written word live in terms of emotions and then so that the people can feel it can feel what the word is actually saying and I think honesty


the obama campaign is like a super good example for this it because they he did actually won the the election because of how good his speech was and how how captivating he was and how captivating michelle obama was


in comparison to the rivals so I think that the because of how he spoke you know he managed to actually convinced people and that's why the spoken language is still, more important than just the written word


yeah


okay, so on your point about how you know like the written word is always the backbone of err the spoken language so I would argue against that because I think


I think we all know that in in the olden days you know before education was a privilege for everybody not everybody go to school but yet everybody could speak the language, you know we can still communicate you know even though we don't know how to write so


I would say that for those who are illiterate, you know, the spoken language is how they would use to communicate with people and so is much more important than the written form since, since that that is how we are we actually or most people actually use to communicate


it's just in this modern day that we see that we see that did we are more educated and that's why it seems like the spoken languages is a lot less important , but if we go to consider like the the less privileged people in the world in our society I believe that the only way we can still communicate with these people will be through learning the spoken language


if I were to go to let's say in africa you know and then I would I don't know how to write, err african language I could still get by if I know how to speak the language you know and actually the funny thing about african language is also that they are languages are also not meant to be written down


yeah because they make a lot of sounds with their mouth like err that kind which is you cannot write it down lah so we are not able to write this down but that's how they communicate as well and like how I think I've mentioned it earlier on you know where our parents speaking in dialects


similarly they the I think one of the reason why they spoken dialect was that they were not educated in terms of like actual proper chinese or definitely not english lah, so so speaking is their main and only way to communicate in the past and it is still important and I will still argue that is much more important than the written form


it's just that with the rise in the education level among people and us being more literate we would think that we can just communicate via the written language


okay, err yes for sure


the way one of the way to record a certain language would be through the written form but you know like how we are now speaking and there are still people speaking in dialect I think is one of the like, best example of how the spoken language has actually been passed down from generation to generation even without without


having it being written down, yeah so I, I definitely agree that the the written form has its advantage in terms of err preservating the culture but I I would disagree that the spoken language will be totally got err totally lost if it does not has its written form


, in many cultures from the past till now , for example latin has a written form but yet it is still also a lost language you know there are lesser and lesser people in the world's speaking latin and also writing latin in general just learning about latin so I believe that the loss of a certain culture and the loss of a certain language is definitely much more than


it not having its written form, yeah so despite latin having a written form is still something that we don't learn about and and even the people in, in greece doesn't learn about letting anymore, ya so I I would think that it is more with regards to whether or not this thing this culture this language is still relevant in the society


so we are very fortunate that err in our current society english and chinese and spanish you know all these korean japanese all these languages has written form that allow us to continue but, but dialects we will not be able to continue them err through writing writing it down


err debate topic two consider the argument that the main purpose of television is to educate rather than simply to entertain, okay so on the, proposition side we would argue that the main purpose of a television and in this instance the television wouldn't instance to online like your youtube and the netflix


is that it includes an element of education err rather than just to entertain the viewers, , this is because I think err a very simple example would be that


not all channels are just about entertaining we do have channels on the traditional TV like your net geographic you know discovery channel, even the news all of these uh channels to actually provide information and to educate people rather than to entertain so the entertainment aspect of it is definitely just part of what is supposed to be


rather than than simply about educate err sorry simply about entertaining the audience, that's why we see producers and , those content creators actually go to the far extent of visiting let's say a certain country you know to interview and to find out more about a certain animals certain tribe


these are all for the purpose of educating us you know people that don't get to travel that often people don't that don't get to see all these things and we don't know about all these things to actually learn, and actually is living through


them you know as they visit let's say the the sahara desert this is not something that, most people would be able to do it with their time, we can actually learn so much about the sahara desert by just watching the documentary on it yeah so definitely there's a educational portion to watching television rather than just entertaining ourselves


okay , I would argue that for a certain, portion of the public there is actually like watching television or even the online platforms that being informed


of something, as part of being educated is the main point for them to actually engage with the platform, this is also one of the thing whereby I err the traditional media in general like a television your radio


they are always and they have always been and will always be the main, main source of communication from the government to the people that is I'm listening to it there is tuning into it right so this definitely has no entertainment purpose as well so we we don't watch the news to be entertained we watch to be informed


so, for government to actually reach out to the public it would be through err the news or even certain you know if there was really anything that is major, err we might have to go you know like the breaking news


these are all, these are all part of how uh we are being informed, and this is part of being educated especially in this times where we have you know COVID nineteen how do we learn about COVID nineteens progress in our own nation in our in other country uh we learned through watching the television the news finding it out online


you know we want to know we want to know how bad is the situation out there we will know how good the situation is in singapore want to nowhere to avoid over the weekends and not go to this COVID you know related hotspots, so these are all not related to


entertainment alright so one of the, one of the I would say consistently watched program on television would definitely be the news program, so, it is definitely something that people would tune into whether or not there are entertaining segments is just because they want to be informed they want to understand you know what is the situation in singapore what are there any special things that we should take note of


so these are all part and parcel of how the public wants to be educated and wants to be informed, hence I would argue that the main purpose is due to, receive information you know to be educated, since is something that


most people will do every single day you know where if we were to miss like a program or to what here and there I think that will be fine but everyone would want to find out about the news on a daily basis, ya be it online or be it through the television so I I find the learning attitude that we want to understand the the the things that happen around us you know


this is one of the thing that would keep television educational rather than entertaining, yeah


so going to your point about you know having a lot of , entertaining shows on the television I think it's actually quite apparent that err for recent trends the


for region for recent trends actually we can see that even in sitcoms and and, some , drama is that we have the we can actually see that you know the government is actually trying to educate us on certain things through this drama through sitcoms which is why it is actually still the purpose of the drama or the purpose of the sitcom is actually to educate the public on a certain points


so for example I believe that there was a there is a show that is call my agent is a hero lah so that's basically talking about it's a sitcom so of thirty minutes show basically talking about how you know how is is a funny show teaching people like uh uh rather


which we take a peek into the life of a property agent and the funny things that he and she would would see you know throughout the drama, so this is actually a government sponsored program is very apparent because they talk about you know the housing schemes that that they get the government have you know the CPF grants that you can use and so on so we we understand that you know of course it's entertaining


but definitely the purpose of the program the reason that we are watching this you know or the reason that there is even such a program in the first place is because the government is trying to actually, educate us on what is the current housing schemes you know housing plan


the kind of, what do you call those like the kind of budgets that they have, the kind of , yeah the kind of schemes that will help provide people with more help on how before deciding on whether to buy a house or not you know this is actually shown through every episode of the of the drama so indeed it is entertaining but the purpose of the program in the first place is actually to educate us on


how we can actually use our house or how even before you buy house you know what we should consider and so on so so the program is not about entertaining is about educating you know people who are


who are in this situation or when they are want they may want to buy a house , and not only that we can also take a look , at channels like your channel news asia where literally there is no sitcoms and no dramas available on this channel what they have are just educational programs so other than your new segments we also have


those I will call them documentaries where we take a look into people's live you know be it in singapore and other country, I think they had series like for those periods where it certainly in during COVID you know like what are people going through during COVID what are what is it doing to the poor what is it during to the common people


all these programs are not really for the purpose of, entertaining so it is to educate us you know and we we do see that this this channel has gained a lot of viewership and these programmes are well known and well of a accredited and well recognise you know in in


internationally channel news asia do when a lot of awards for all these programs, so definitely there is a market out there for this people do want to watch even watch channels that err with education purpose even if there are no sitcoms are no dramas that are entertaining them so I would argue that you know tech the purpose of television is still to educate rather than to entertain


okay , topic three, the book has no place in modern society, is it sorry because I cannot I see the slide right there there's a there's a box oh okay now I can see okay err topic three the book has no place in modern society


yeah okay , so as part of the proposition I would argue that the book has no place in modern society , it's it's common to see that you know we are now living in the digital stage digital age we are all using our our phones even the book is going on


on E books now you know kindle is a big thing , we no longer need the physical book in our modern society you know books used to play a part in our lives as as how we would educate ourselves on how to


do certain things for example how to cook, you know how to how to maybe fix a fix a toilet but now the the go to for learning is no longer through the book, we learned through different means we learned through watching youtube videos you know we learn through how maybe people teaching us


we we don't learn through books anymore, so the books books definitely is something that has been replaced by either the E books of simply just


watching videos online, to learn about something, even if we were to go to the extent that you know to argue that books about stories or about , err anything that is interesting


uh we we don't we don't read them anymore we watch movies now you know I think it's is a common thing what people say you know what let's not read about the novel until a movie comes out you know that's how we know that this thing is good because, is people would buy the rights to the book to create a movie


so if a movie is created I can just watch the movie and I don't have to read the book anymore to learn about this the topic at hand , you know it's no longer something that is used to educate us


a book is more, is more simply like, aesthetics for us to display, ya so I think it's something that we can do with or without in our modern society


okay


, yes and no I would think that yeah definitely , we can still have books around is just that is no longer something that is essential , so I think recently there's a there's a huge trend of this this anime or this Manga call demon slayer so if you know the about how this trend actually brought the publication industry in japan back to life


so it's actually quite interesting so without this so before this err Manga this this, sorry without this series existing, in animation form, it was in Manga form you know but actually nobody paid err any attention to it until it it got adapted and became an anime


so once it became an anime, it was a hit, it was a very big hit and then people started to buy the the Manga, and then now is adapted to a movie, and the thing about this this interesting story is that with the rise in because of the anime people were interested in the Manga


and then actually people went to buy the book but just to keep it as a souvenir because you know they wouldn't read it anyway on err the physical book I mean they would keep it as a series and they watched it and they read the thing online they read the mangas online


and because of this huge sales then the publication companies in japan was actually saved from bankruptcy and then they actually, gave the the the creator of this anime or not rather this series lah an award to to to mark the significance of this this anime in saving their industry so


from this story what I could actually infer is that if we doubt that anime that actually came out I mean the the Manga the book you know was already in publication it's just that nobody actually went to, read it or actually to buy it lah so in a sense maybe they they read it online you know so that's why the sales was so bad and that's why the publication company almost went bankrupt


and, and I think this tells a very significant trend in our society that we don't we don't depend on books anymore and this is especially if you know that you know in japan, Manga is such a big thing uh in japan even until now or today right but yet but yet the the the publication companies in japan they are dying because nobody is buying books from them anymore


you know and and people have turned to online, and without the anime without it being adapted to on animation nobody would have known about it, uh definitely not definitely not me for sure so so now that the


now that this anime series is a is a huge thing all over the world, we see that people start to buy the books again, you know, but mainly really for collection purposes so is definitely still something that can be accepted in our society and and of course people still like to have books


but it's not for the purpose of reading anymore it's not for the purpose of actually knowing the stories because the anime has actually the sorry the Manga has actually ended so, people that watch the anime would have known like a part of what the Manga has uh has has done and then they are also


news that further animation for the the series is going to come out and there's even a movie that is about it that it's out already, so people can actually learn about the stories, through the animes through the movies you know and not through the books themselves


so we see that you know is no longer, a channel or vessel for us to go and learn about all these things anymore ya and and is no longer something that is essential in the sense that, in a sense that we really need to to to get information to to read from these books you know is


its adapted to like movies and adapted to anime is if they are good enough ya so if they are not good enough then there wouldn't be any sales anyway ya and then people wouldn't have known about it, so so for me right this story was something that was that's very amazing and and how it tells the tale of that books are no longer actually something that is as important


and that is something in japan so looking at how the the sales of magazines are in singapore I think it tells a similar story so SPH used to publish like so many, uh magazines likewise mediacorp as well so our own eight days our I weekly so everything has stopped production and it has gone online


so I think even now we don't even have it online anymore so magazines is no longer a thing ya but before that it was a huge thing where you know they they publish every week can people buy it but now you know we don't read about it anymore, they don't even published it anymore because they recognize that there's no market for it anymore in singapore


so I would think that, the need to have books in our modern society is is purely an aesthetic one, you know or purely for the purpose of collecting the series you know for collection purposes we people don't read about it anymore


people don't use books anymore, yeah


but I think other than the fact that err, of course we still use books to to read and stuff but I think we need to consider also the environmental impact


that we have with the use of books right so, everything has gone digital so why not books, , if that means that we can save our planet in one way or the other, I think


printing of books is definitely one of the largest , largest outcome like err I want to say ex at the expense of our err cutting down trees you know to make paper and so on, so I would think that definitely with what we experiencing right now like the the inconsistent whether even in singapore is already january and is still somehow so sue rainy and so cold


I think it's something for us to consider as well you know whether or not by doing this switch err it means to help us out in our modern society the the fact that books has a role and it and to play can it actually be replaced or like partially be replaced or rather is the


is it more beneficial, to the entire society, including like in you know the environmental impact that it has is it if is it does the benefit of switching outweighs the cons or switching , I think in the sense that if we work to save more trees you know save more endangered animal species just by cutting down less trees just by pollute not polluting earth


I think that is something that we can consider as, as , err a call a pros to to not having books in this modern society and I think that is something that we can all go by, not being able to like you were saying that how you know people actually can understand and and remember things better through the use of books


definitely but one of the benefits of having you know everything on online is that you don't have to remember you know we used to have to remember because, because we we need to there was know if not I won't be will tell you was it about right but now for us anything is on the go we don't have to remember it anymore we can just google it you can ask me something right you know and I can google the answer for you I don't have to memorise the answer to to answer you


so so that is one of the benefits of not having something physical you always have it with you, you know we can always go online to read about it anytime anywhere it saves us space it helps with the environment it doesn't gives us


it doesn't it doesn't , affect us that much I would find if we don't have books in the modern society anymore and anyway books that we buy you know usually people don't keep them for a lifetime, you know they're either thrown away or recycled let's say years later so then what's the purpose of having these books in the first place if we were to throw it away


for digital books you can have them always, you know kept in your computer, you can switch from one computer to another you can always have the copies you know, if there's a need for a physical copy because there's a soft copy you can always print it out


you know and you can just print out the segments that you require you know that will be much less prose environmental until like there will be much more environmental friendly than than cutting downs the trees to like print an entire book where maybe you only require the information of like two to three pages


you know and and definitely having , the internet actually it helps a lot with us not needing books right it also helps with, us in general that you know it prom it promotes the idea that you know education and information is free


uh we don't have to buy books anymore, we can just google for it, so it's not something that is is not having books in our lives it has become something that is actually quite intuitive I think is because like we of a certain age and we we do used to


like learn from books is very different from the people that grow up in the technology age and where they get their information and and, or do their reading prose online they will they will see difference they will see that the book is no longer uh something essential


oh I have to say that to okay


okay err so I should, continue from here right err yes I I do agree that in today's world communication its


very very important err because we need we all need to be able to communicate effectively err in a spoken language however err I feel that err written is, as important or even more important it's because uh in a written language it could be it could I could bring my message across err across borders across race there won't be any


err issue whereby I , I cannot understand you properly because of your accents from where you are from because err we are we are communicating via a common written language and also in the sense whereby written language can be


kind of passed down err it can be kept, it can it can be passed on so err looking at you know before the, before we become digital before there's something called a recorder err we can only pass down written classics like novels like all the very classic work


err in in the earlier time it could only pass down to us because it was written down,


(mmhmm) yes , I I do agree whereby err there are some kind of words whereby you you won't be able to make sense of it if you have no knowledge of how it's being spoken


but I have to say that the written form of a language is really the roots of it the base because you you always have to learn how to ride before you can, I mean you you can speak but it always comes together and err the written form would form the base and the backbone of the language


it's it's like err I have to learn A B C before, I have to know those characters before I can I can learn how to pronounce it, err and in in in that sense written


you know how we always have to keep record of of our documents in our daily life everything we we do like a record and we can't be doing that based on err just solely err spoken language


we we could do recording but then , there there is a reason why we still keep things in in in the written form in like paper and pen err yup because uh I think I think really


reading it it's fast it's efficient and it conveys ideas very quickly err I remember reading an article whereby err it was saying people actually read a lot faster than hearing the other party speaks


so I feel that in in in this way err the written language could actually be a kind of a faster tool to get my message across


(mmhmm err yup so like what you said it has always it always has to be written down , then from there you could kind of practice where you want to stress certain words which are the points whereby you want to really


bring out the emotion to your audience and in so so for example if I and not someone who who can be watching that speech whereby obama did err


I can only be reading, his speech err script and that's when the the beauty of written language comes into place because for the words that he use err the word selection how he writes


all these can be equally impactful so err that's that was why it brings back to the earlier point whereby say the language the written language is really the base, and then from there you kind of build up so you you compliment with the spoken language that's where we learn how to emphasize on whatever words that we want to and then stressing on err this sentence that sentence you know then


err together with our hand gesture of facial emotions and and stuff like that so all these would come into making up a good speech a a good communication but it has to be built on a base whereby we have a good return speech in the first place


yup, but err I think one point, is also because , as much as how spoken language helps people who are not a very much educated communicate with with everyone else but we will we must also accept the fact whereby spoken language


you know when when such language without written form they they will always be the first to actually be forgotten by the society it could be the first in danger when


, a language goes into extinct because written word remains to be like the best way of preserving one's culture, it's also very important because of uh how it brings everyone together as a society err with the written words we can convey


our meaning in a very concise way and then err people who read it could actually the ability to remember, is, I would say higher than what I hear so you know people actually very easily ah ah would


very easily be able to revisit err their parts of their culture and then see how is being returned err no everything it has to be it has to be, recorded in in in a written form so people could kind of remind themselves of their culture but when when a a language


do not have its written form then, it would have a danger whereby it goes into extinction because there's no way whereby people could go back and revisit and understand about it


what


okay , I yes I do agree that there's a lot we can learn from televisions err however I would argue that it's actually not to, mainly educate but rather is really simply as as a entertainment whereby after a long day at work


uh I get to sit down and relax and not think about anything but to just let my brain rest and watch whatever that's being showed up on television in any it or or like on any platform where I usually watch err videos


and production work so I would say that err it's it's really being seen as , uh uh entertainment rather than educational purposes basically because err first thing of course it would be a plus point if


whatever I'm watching I get to learn something from it if it's educational err that would be a plus point but it would not be err, err something that err just because it's not educational then I don't watch it so it's it's it's a it's a plus point but it's not something that would s` deter me from watching if it's not educational err second thing it's also like who they are


targeting a lot of time I would say that err, all these TV shows err, videos that we that we watched it's really not to to target people err is really not to educate people it's essentially trying to you know bring in advertising revenues


so like err why do people want to film this is because I get I try to promote something on TV I try to sell you something like in K drama why do I always see the, dyson err vacuum cleaner you know I don't get anything from


from that K drama, but you know the from there I would like oh they always use the dyson err vacuum seems like a good one then I might search it up then I might end up buying a dyson vacuum cleaner


it's not educational but it's good for the the the how do I how do I put in the advertiser, so I would say that yes we do learn from err television show we watched but not always and I would say that people don't watch because they want to learn


okay yeah err


yes I do agree whereby we are more and more of of uh, uh that, netizens are going, online to watch to watch like news err or or just know like the elderly watching TV err


for like the six thirty news breaking news and stuff like that but , we have to know that, they don't take up err the huge part of their TV time of their of their


visual time video time because err, we know we where we used to get our kind of current affair knowledge it was from like newspapers we read and in a very first day where television was kind of


we have always been using it as a source of entertainment err yes we do get our news and current affair knowledge from from the television and from like err the the online platforms now but it's not, it is not the its not like eighty percent of it I would just say like its twenty percent of it


so no people have always looked at, television as something whereby they can relaxed, and looking at it as a source of entertainment so let's just let's just say that err one day television we are just playing news current affairs twenty four seven err


there won't be any shows err there won't be any shows like friends err, you know how I met your mother and and all this kind of entertainment sitcoms then no one would actually be watching TV because that would be kind of very heavy for them err television will not be associated with you know relaxation entertainment it it will just


become something whereby uh it's it's very heavy err it's about the world err, I kind of like final joy in watching TV anymore, so err I would say that uh although is, very important to have some kind of educational elements in in what we watch but it cannot be the main purpose


(mmhmm) err yup, so let's just use the let's just use the, err example of my asia needs a hero err yup I I definitely see how the government is trying to come in here and educate us through the shows


but they do have a very very kind of distinct audience whereby they want to target first it's the elderly and then next would be you know like people who, do not have any any , knowledge on what they are trying to err tell us but they don't research it on their own


so in order for us in order to kind of like intrigue that interest in in us they have to, put in these kind of like little little tips and tricks in the show and is because it's funny the show it's funny it's comical and then people watch it and from there pick up that little hints little tips and tricks from err


the show and then hoping that people would actually go and read up more or kind of talk about it with their friends and family and learn more from there so uh, you you see that yes that we do see that there is a there is kind some kind of educational part in it but it's not the main its not the main purpose of television


it as it in in a kind of like audience, perspective I watch it because I want to relax but I was kind of like force feed err okay I won't say force feed but this show were just trying to tell me teach me some stuff


but it's not it's not like hundred percent as well because we do have to err know that you know if it's a hundred percent err hundred percent educational show, the viewership will drop it will definitely drop people continue watching the show because it's funny because it entertaining and I don't I don't mind that little bits and pieces


of educational knowledge from that from that entertaining show err if you get what you mean err next thing would be err, you know like as a audience point of view we do lot we do lose interest if if it gets too educational


err so you know like broadcast companies or err producers they they do not want to bet their profits with with this kind of educational program so


in that sense err those who want to learn something from television it's a very small group of people err it's a very niche, group so err like when you're saying CNA they produce good err documentaries and shows and and and and stuff like that you know they they do have their own


market to target they do know who are their audience and what they actually like to watch that's why CNA could be a very very distinct err channels whereby they they do all the very educational thing they just claim they they just like do news reporting


because that's what their audience want, or I would say even their group of audience they would jump around they won't be on CNA, all the time you know when they need a bit of relaxation when they do not want to be in association with current affair err very


dry topic they will be going around like youtubes to find funny skits funny videos ya so ultimately I would say , the main purpose of television it's really just simply educational not educational sorry simply entertaining so educational is really


just like a a a like kind of like a a cream to the coffee


prose okay yup err so when you are saying the book has no place in in modern so, society I think that's a very as absolute term, that you are using to to say that


that physical medium of of what we used to be reading the book all has a has kind of like a diminishing place , you know like there's there's no more significance or relevance in society that we cannot be even


that's exact accepting this book in today's world, but err I I would say this is not true because , , although there is there is a a rise in people reading E books or even just through hearing err like the audio books but there will always be a group of people


whereby they just love err holding a book in their hand they just love reading and feeling the books smell feeling that you know flipping pages and and they they really find joy in


having that kind of reading experience compared to reading it online on kindle reading it on my through on my on on my phone


because I would say that err sometimes reading could be a place whereby I , get my I detach myself from what I'm doing I don't want to be looking at my screen again throughout the whole day I have been working I've been looking at my screen


and I don't want to be doing anymore like I just want to relax and read a book so if I'm still reading a book from, the screen from my phone from my laptop from a from a from a kind of like a a pad a like kindle pad it kind of makes me feel like I'm working


so err I wouldn't say that book itself has no place in the modern society we do see a rise when people find convenience in reading it online or don't have to bring a book, outside with them you know because it's heavy but uh I would say that there will always be a place for physical book


and you know another thing would be for kids you know, err why do some people love books since young and like reading a physical since young it's because they they feel they've they have a very they have a very good feeling with reading a physical book and


at such age right no parents might not want their kids to be in touch with, digital things at such a young age so you know kids will always have a chance to be involved with like a physical book and and I would say like a digital digital book in the future and then that's when they can kind of make a decision on what they would prefer


constance


(mmhmm) okay , okay let's just use the the Manga that you were saying, earlier err yeah it might not have been a big hit when it was a Manga but it was it became a huge thing when it was filmed into a movie and then people start going back to books err


but I would say like you know there's another example like I remember harry porter was quite a, big thing it was so good then it the the the readership was so good and then err they film it into movie and it got bigger you know so from from that I would say that books gives us


the reader a kind of , the how how should I put it like we we are in control we could , we could decide how fast or how slow we want to read our books err read our book ah at our very own pace ah


you know it is not possible for a movie film so then , and also because for books right we can we can really imagine the whole thing ourselves but in movies and films everything has already been set I cannot I cannot imagine who


the male lead will look like I cannot imagine how they fight you know all this uh it has already been set in a way but if I was reading a book, and then I could it act I'm I'm free to actually interpret the stories the ideas the character and everything else in my own way I'm in control so I would say that you know books really gives a lot of satisfaction


and it will always have its kind of appeal and in today's world or or in the future , and another thing would be I I would say in today's world whereby everything comes so easily when I want to know something I will go online I will check check I will google


but the retention rate wouldn't be as high because it's so easy if everything comes so easily but then you know there's, there's actually experiment done in in twenty eleven and then uh you know college students actually remember less information that they can access it if they know that they could they could easily access it later on on the computer because it's so easy to them


err but then err when it's being read on a book then it becomes a different thing like I can still, remember whatever that I read many many years, ago on the on the on the book itself but I couldn't remember you know the things that I kind of like read online I googled three hours ago so I would say that the that there's really a difference and


, that there's actually a kind of importance to to a book even though it's kind of , uh it might have lose err it it it might have lose kind of like


usership but I would say that it it will always be there,