Shin'ichi Sato called such conditions diarchy by Takauji, who held a military power in the lord-and-vassal relationship, and Tadayoshi, who controlled the judicial functions of the regime, in his essay 'Muromachi Bakufu' in "Iawanami Koza Nihon Rekishi vol.7" (Iawanami Publishing, 1963) and explained that the potentiality of the shogun's dual power which had continued since Kamakura Shogunate, came to appear.
佐藤進一は「室町幕府論」（『岩波講座日本歴史7』、岩波書店、1963）において、この状態を、主従制的支配権を握る尊氏と統治権的支配権を所管する直義との両頭政治であり、鎌倉幕府以来、将軍が有していた権力の二元性が具現したものと評価した。