The Shimazu clan in Satsuma Province particularly continued the Kinkyorei until the Meiji period, which made Shinshu followers organize Kou and observe their faith secretly in a cave in the mountains. (Kakure Nenbutsu/Secret faith)
中でも、薩摩国の島津氏は明治時代まで禁教令を継続したため、南九州の真宗信者は講を組織し秘かに山中の洞窟で信仰を守った（かくれ念仏）。