The Taira clan government and the Kamakura bakufu were considered as the law-enforcement agency under the control by the Emperor or the retired emperor, who sometimes exercised the police and military forces directly.
平氏政権・鎌倉幕府はその下で権限を行使をする存在とされ、また朝廷・院が独自に警察力・軍事力を行使することもあった。