He had served Katsushige ITAKURA, who was the lord of the Matsuyama Domain in Bicchu, but, because of a deplorable event, the Tani family became extinct around 1856 (It is also told that the event is not related to Sanjuro, but to his younger brother, Mantaro TANI. The truth is not known.).
備中松山藩主板倉勝静に仕えていたが、安政3年（1856年）頃、不祥事により谷家は断絶（これは三十郎本人でなく弟の谷万太郎の不祥事とも言われ、定かでない）。