At that time, Kita-Ezochi (later Sakhalin) where both Ainu and Russian people inhabited was under a direct control of bakufu, and Higashi-Ezochi and Nichi-Ezochi which later became Hokkaido were ruled by both bakufu and several feudal domains (Matsumae Domain, Morioka Domain, Sendai Domain, Aizu Domain, Hirosaki Domain and Shonai Domain), with each occupying almost fifty percent.
この時点での蝦夷地は、日露雑居の北蝦夷地（後の樺太）が幕府の直轄で、後の北海道にあたる東蝦夷地と西蝦夷地には、幕府直轄領と諸藩領（松前藩、盛岡藩、仙台藩、会津藩、弘前藩、庄内藩）がおよそ半々に入り組んでいた。