The military (especially the Army) that learned the effectiveness of railway and the inconvenience caused by the autonomy of private railways during the Russo-Japan war expressed the need for nationalizing the railways.
日露戦争で鉄道の有効性と私鉄割拠による不便さを痛感した軍部（特に陸軍）は、戦争後に鉄道国有化を要望した。