But the coins in circulation were insufficient, leading to the circulation of both privately minted and bad currency (which contained less than the full amount of copper), which prompted the bakufu to issue a series of laws singling out low-quality coins and banning them from use; the bakufu also set an exchange rate between the different currencies in circulation.
流通貨幣は不足しており私鋳銭など悪貨が流通しており、幕府は度々撰銭令で悪銭を指定し、流通貨幣との交換比率も定めていた。