In China, from the periods of Qin and Han to the period of Qing, the real mother of the Emperor in reign and the former Empress were respectfully referred to as 'Empress Dowager.'
中国では秦・漢の時代から清の時代にまで、在位中の皇帝の生母と先代の皇后を並び尊崇して「皇太后」と呼ぶ。