However, nowadays, induction motors employing VVVF inverter control have been introduced in addition to the practical use of regenerative brakes, and this system has become advantageous in the aspect of applying brakes in high-speed operation, compared with the concentrated traction system, because in the latter system, mechanical or eddy-current brakes, not used for moving the train, must be provided on each of the attached, non-powered passenger cars (the distributed traction system has become used in some train-cars of the new-generation TGV and ICE).
しかし昨今ではVVVFインバータ制御の採用による誘導電動機の導入や、純電気ブレーキの実用化により高速域からのブレーキ面で、付随客車に機械式ブレーキや渦電流ブレーキなど力行時に不要な機器を搭載する動力集中方式に対する優位性が生じつつある（新世代のTGVやICEも動力分散方式に移行している事例がある）。