In later years it became popular for monasteries to have a square-shape vihara with a courtyard in the center, surrounded by a loculus, in addition to a shido (a hall dedicated to the souls of ancestors) in which the subject of worship (a stupa or Buddhist statue) was placed.
後期の僧院では、礼拝の対象（塔または仏像）を安置した祠堂（しどう）の他に、中央の中庭を囲んで房室を持つ方形の精舎（しょうじゃ）が流行した。