The third theory is that because Yamato was an area controlled by the Izumo forces and was called Ashihara no nakatsukuni before Jimmu tosei (Eastern expedition of the Emperor Jinmu), the anti-Izumo forces called all the areas controlled by the Izumo forces Ashihara no nakatsukuni.
また、神武東征以前の大和も出雲勢力の行政地であったため葦原中国とよばれているため、非出雲勢力が出雲勢力の行政地を指した言葉との解釈がある。