Examples are trials between different social status such as samurai and common people, or the plaintiff and defendant having different lords, such as trials between the Edo townspeople and people of religion controlled by the Jisha-bugyo and between people of the shogun's demesne and people of the land of domains.
武士と庶民のような身分違いと町奉行所管轄の江戸の町民と寺社奉行所管轄の宗教者の裁判、天領の領民と藩領民など原告と被告の領主が異なる場合である。