In the second half of the Edo period, the authority of the Shogunate became shaky, affected by famine in the countryside, riots in the cities and the visits of foreign ships to Ezo district and Nagasaki.
江戸時代後期には地方の飢饉や都市部での打ち壊し、蝦夷地や長崎への異国船の来航などで将軍権威が揺らいだ。