Although having the same kokuga forces system theme, Toda argued about the state of origin of bushi during the middle of the early Heian period while Ishii argued for the later Insei period (period of a rule by the retired emperor).
同じ国衙軍制のテーマであるが、戸田は平安時代初期中期の武士発生段階を、石井はその後の院政期について論じた。