Under the Ritsuryo system, based on the ideas of odo omin and ikkun banmin, cultivated land was granted equally to the people (peasants) who, in return, had to provide taxes, labor, and military service.
律令制では、王土王民および一君万民の理念のもと、人民（百姓）に対し一律平等に耕作地を支給し、その代償として、税・労役・兵役が同じく一律平等に課せられていた。