Kantototokufu (Japan's Guandong Governor-General Office) and South Manchuria Railways Company (Mantetsu) were installed for the southern Liaodong Peninsula (Guandong) and the Chinese Eastern Railway in south of Changchun, respectively, that Japan had received under the conditions stipulated by the Treaty of Portsmouth of 1905.
また、のポーツマス条約で獲得した遼東半島南部（関東州）及び長春以南の東清鉄道に対し、それぞれ関東都督府、南満州鉄道株式会社（満鉄）が設置された。