As a result, kanin was completely demolished at the end of the ancient Japan, and Kao came into general use after a new Kakihan style 'Nigotai' which was a way to represent someone's name by combining a part of 2 characters of a name (for example, by combining a part of 'Yori' and a part of 'Tomo' to represent 'MINAMOTO no Yoritomo') appeared during the period of the government by the abdicated Emperor.
結果、古代末期には官印はまったく廃れ、院政期に「二合体」（「頼」のへんと「朝」のつくりを合わせて「源頼朝」をあらわすなどの方法）という新しい書判の形式が現れると、これ以降花押の使用が一般化することになるのである。