The number of shoen (private estates) had increased considerably from around the end of the 12th century to the early 13th century, and a medieval control system called shoen koryo sei (a system of public lands and private estates) was established.
12世紀末から13世紀にかけて荘園の増加が著しくなり、荘園公領制と呼ばれる中世的な支配体制が確立した。