This was derived from the kurairichi (lands under direct rule of the shogun or daimyo) system that was employed by Sengoku daimyo (daimyo in the Sengoku period) and the Toyotomi government and also adopted by the Edo bakufu.
元は戦国大名や豊臣政権が採用した蔵入地の制度を江戸幕府が継承した。