However, by the first half of the ninth century, the rule over people under the Ritsuryo system began to crumble from the ground up because a significant increase in the number of farmers escaping or going missing.
しかし、9世紀前期までには、百姓の逃亡・浮浪が著しく増大し、律令制の人別支配は根幹から動揺し始めていた。