However, in his book "Shosetsu Shinzui" (The essence of novels), Shoyo TSUBOUCHI rejected the novels which encourage Kanzen Choaku (he called them "Kancho novels") claiming them to be outdated.
一方、『小説神髄』で坪内逍遥などは、勧善懲悪を説く小説を勧懲小説と呼び、時代遅れの産物であると否定している。