In Japan, the oldest example is that of the Emperor Kogyoku handing down the Imperial Throne to his younger brother, the Emperor Kotoku, and there exist 89 examples (*) of abdication (because of the unification of the Southern and Northern Courts the throne was passed down to the Emperor Gokomatsu twice).
日本では皇極天皇が弟の孝徳天皇に皇位を譲った例を最古とし、89例（※）の退位が存在する（なお、後小松天皇は南北朝合一によって2度譲位を受けている）。