Amongst such individuals there were people who gave themselves the (unofficial) private title of `Goshi` however this was not formal arrangement, but instead, a private title, and therefore such individuals can be easily confused with `true` goshi when considering goshi from an academic standpoint.
彼らの中には、非公認の自称や私称として「郷士」を名乗る者も存在したが、制度ではなく私称であるので、学術的に郷士を考える際に混同すべきではない。