However, due to suppression of the Kansei Reforms, the Gesaku that had been written until then became obsolete, and instead the Gesaku writers from the common classes appeared, such as Sanba SHIKITEI and Ikku JIPPENSHA.
しかし寛政の改革の弾圧によってそれまでの戯作に影が差すと、替わって庶民の中から式亭三馬や十返舎一九などの戯作者が現れた。