However, since the Edo Period, geisha was an apprenticeship with debt much like yujo and red-light districts in the past were breeding grounds for human trafficking and prostitution.
しかし、江戸時代以来、芸妓も遊女と同様、前借金を抱えた年季奉公であり、過去の花街は人身売買や売春の温床となっていた。