Since entering the Meiji Period, the form of Satoyama's ownership started to change, and they were shifted to state-owned forests, individually-owned estates after they were fragmented, or municipal-owned forests.
明治期以降、里山は国有林となるか、あるいは細切れに分割されて個人所有となる、自治体に所有されるといった所有形態に移行した。