But in general, ideological circles in the Ming period were largely under the influence of Shushigaku, and even Wu Yubi (Kangzhai) and Chen Xianzhang must have thought they were practicing Shushigaku.
しかし総じて明初期の思想界は朱子学的側面が強く、呉与弼や陳献章にせよ、本人としては朱子学の実践を行っているつもりであったのである。