Wealthy priests and jinin (associates of Shinto shrines) started high-interested moneylending businesses without security (Mujinsen-doso [unsecured moneylender]) under the protection of powerful temples including Enryaku-ji Temple.
このような中、富裕な僧侶、神人などが延暦寺などの有力寺社の保護のもと、無担保で高利の貸金業（無尽銭土倉）をはじめた。