During the late Edo period, the Shinsengumi (initially called Mibu-roshi) was founded with the aim of maintaining public order in Kyoto, and based in the home of the Yagi family in Mibu-mura Village.
江戸時代後期の幕末には京都の治安維持を目的に活動した新選組（当初は壬生浪士といった）の本拠が壬生村の八木家に置かれた。