It is described that 'there are 4 skills of martial arts; that are archery, gunnery, art of warfare, equestrian art' in "Koyo Gunkan" (record of the military exploits of the Takeda family), which is a military science book written based on the achievements of the Takeda family in Kai Province in the Sengoku period.
例として、戦国時代の甲斐武田家の事跡を基として書かれた軍学書である『甲陽軍鑑』には、「武芸四門とは弓鉄砲兵法馬是れ四なり」とある。