Since much content of the "Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro" is based on the "Hyakki yagyo emaki" and "Tsurezuregusa," the Chirizuka-kaio is also allegedly a Sekien's creation based on these books.
『百器徒然袋』には『百鬼夜行絵巻』や『徒然草』をもとにしたものが多いことから、この塵塚怪王もそれらをもとに石燕が創作したものといわれる。