However, enslavement due to human trafficking was widely spread in rural areas since management of agricultural village society was unstable at that time and peasant folk who were not able to manage farms and hon-byakusho (peasants) who were annoyed with lack of labor shared a mutual interest.
だが、当時の農村社会の経営は不安定であり、農業経営の出来なくなった小農民と労働力不足に悩まされる本百姓層の利害の一致によりこうした人身売買による隷属化が農村部において横行した。