Once social infrastructures were further improved, many things were considered as boundaries between tokoyo and utsushiyo, from shrines, temples and gates of cities to hedges that separate the streets from the premises of traditional Japanese houses, bathrooms, storage rooms and storage shelters located outside the house, and even amado (wooden shutters constructed at the various openings of a building) and shoji (paper-covered sliding screens) that separate the house from the outside.
社会基盤がもっと整備されると、市街の神社や寺や門などから、伝統的な日本家屋の道と敷地の間の垣根や、屋外にあった便所や納戸や蔵、住居と外部を仕切る雨戸や障子なども、常世と現世の端境と考えられた。