The appraisers of old writings conjectured the unknown authors of pieces of excellent classical calligraphy, named them, and put a small tag called a Kiwame fuda (certificate of authenticity) on each of them.
古筆鑑定家は、筆者不詳の古筆切に、その伝称筆者を宛て、古筆の名称を付け、それを極札（きわめふだ）という小さな札に記した。