In the office organization of the Edo bakufu, direct vassals of the Tokugawa Shogun family were called jikisan (immediate retainer), while the Shogun family called vassals of daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) and hatamoto (direct retainers of the Edo bakufu) 'baishin.'
江戸幕府の職制においては、徳川将軍家の直接の家臣を直参と呼んだのに対し、将軍家は、大名や旗本の家臣を「陪臣」と呼んだ。