However, entering the era of Southern Sung Dynasty, which was oppressed by Kittan (Khitan/Khitai), Chin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty, the Southern Sung Dynasty issued lots of low-quality coins under a state of war, causing rampant inflation, causing the downgraded values of the coins, and resulted in forcing more and more coins to be brought into Japan.
しかしながら、契丹や金、元などに圧迫された南宋の時代になると質の悪い戦時通貨を大量に発行、インフレが横行し、銭のレートが下がってますます大量に流入した。