In the Kizokuin (the House of Peers), the two major factions, the study group led by Keigo KIYOURA, who was the close associate of Yamagata, and the Sawakai led by Tosuke HIRATA, continued to believe in transcendentalism and tried to eliminate party politics.
その後も貴族院_(日本)では、山県側近の清浦奎吾の研究会_(貴族院)と平田東助の茶話会という2大会派が超然主義を奉じて、政党政治の排除の動きを行った。