The method often used to avoid the existence of plural cities with the same name was to attach the old provincial names to the city names that were to be duplicated city names (examples: Hitachiota City, Musashimurayama City, Minokamo City, Omihachiman City, Kawachinagano City, Yamatokoriyama City, Tosashimizu City, Bungo-ono City).
そして、その手法としてよく用いられるのが、旧国名を冠して重複を回避する手法である（例：常陸太田市、武蔵村山市、美濃加茂市、近江八幡市、河内長野市、大和郡山市、土佐清水市、豊後大野市）。