Kebiishi was established at the beginning of Heian period when the judicial function of gyobusho and daijokan was diminishing, and they gained authority for tsuibu (pursue and capture) as judicial police, as well as condemnation and adjudication.
検非違使は、刑部省および太政官が司法上の機能を果たさなくなるにしたがって平安初期に設置されたもので、司法警察上の追捕（ついぶ）のみならず、糾弾・断獄の諸権をももつにいたった。