To satisfy the growth in population and the needs of urban development, 'three big projects' were undertaken from the end of the Meiji period: road extension and the construction of the Kyoto City Trams, the construction of canals at Lake Biwa, and the construction of the water-supply system.
人口の増加と市街地の拡大に対応し、明治末期から、道路拡築及び京都市電敷設、琵琶湖疏水開削、上水道整備からなる「三大事業」が行われた。