On the other hand, a radical group of the low ranking samurai, roshi (masterless samurai) and others supporting the Sonno joi movement was expanding its influence in Kyoto mistook that Hisamitsu coming to Kyoto with his troops would take the lead for realizing the Sonno joi and overthrow the bakufu by the military power initiated by the imperial court.
一方、京都で勢力を高めつつあった尊王攘夷派の志士ら過激な下級武士・浪士は、久光の率兵上京を朝廷主導による武力での尊王攘夷実現・幕府打倒の先兵であると誤解していた。