As a matter of fact, however, a lot of new schools were born in kamigata region (Osaka and Kyoto regions) at that time and each of them independently strived to improve the pick or compose music.
しかし、実際には当時上方にはいくつもの新流派が生まれ、それぞれ独自に爪の改良や楽曲の作曲を行なっていた。