In "Shinsenjikyo" (Chinese-Japanese character dictionary) completed in the Heian period, Sakubei (sweets originating in China), one of 14 sorts of Kabei (sweets made with rice-flour) that was introduced from China to Japan by Japanese envoys to Tang Dynasty China in the Nara period, was called 'Muginawa.'
奈良時代に遣唐使によって中国から渡来した菓餅14種の中にある索餅（さくべい）が、平安時代に完成した『新撰字鏡』では「牟義縄（むぎなわ）」と呼ばれて、