In order to regain leadership after going through the Tenmei Famine in times of Okitsugu TANUMA, the shogunate chose Neo-Confucianism out of Confucianism for the official learning, which put importance on the hierarchic order and agriculture; on the other hand, they banned Kobunjigaku, (study of ancient rhetoric) and the Kogaku (learning about ancient teachings), which were popular learning at that time for corrupting public morals.
田沼意次時代の天明の大飢饉を乗り越え、低下した幕府の指導力を取り戻すために、儒学のうち農業と上下の秩序を重視した朱子学を正学とし、当時流行していた古文辞学や古学を「風俗を乱すもの」として禁じた。