As Qing Dynasty went into the Opium War with England in southern China and lost Hong Kong, Japan began to face growing tension after the incidents such as the Golovnin Affair in Hokkaido and the Phaeton Incident in Kyushu.
中国南部では清国がイギリスと戦争（アヘン戦争）となり香港を奪われ、日本でも北海道でゴローウニン事件、九州でフェートン号事件といった例などの摩擦が起こり始めた。