While the culture of townspeople developed in urban areas, farmers who had been reduced to poverty by non-profitable agriculture abandoned their fields and drifted into cities, thus ruining agricultural communities.
また、都市部で町人の文化が発展する一方、益の薄い農業で困窮した農民が田畑を放棄し、都市部へ流れ込んだために農村の荒廃が生じた。