The most outstanding group of people among them was the Sugawara clan founded by SUGAWARA no Kiyokimi who established Monjoin (one of the privately owned dormitories/lecture halls located in Daigaku-ryo) in around the middle of the ninth century.
だが、その中でも最たる者は9世紀中頃に文章院を創設した菅原清公を祖とする菅原氏であった。