On the other hand, JNR was forced to continue making investments in various facilities, such as for constructing Shinkansen, for increasing the number of limited express trains and express trains and furthermore, for increasing the commuter-transporting capacities (for example, the five-direction strategy).
その一方で、新幹線の建設や特急・急行列車の増発、さらには都市部における通勤輸送増強（通勤五方面作戦など）などの設備投資に追われた。