The city is in between the Kizu River to the east, which runs north-south, and the Ikoma mountains to the west; and the West Japan Railway Katamachi Line and the Kintetsu Kyoto Line run through the middle of the city.
市の東側を南北に沿って流れる木津川(京都府)と、西側の生駒山系に挟まれており、中心部を西日本旅客鉄道片町線・近畿日本鉄道近鉄京都線が通る。