Shinsen-gumi was headed by a Commander who was supported by a Vice Commander, and under them were such functions as: Fukucho Jokin (Assistant Vice Commander), Kansatsu Gata (intelligence), Kanjo Gata (accounting), etc.
新選組は局長を頂点に副長が補佐し、以下に副長助勤・監察方（諜報）・勘定方（会計）などを配置した。