The shift was also affected by London (the City), the world largest exchange settlement market, being forced to suspend its market transactions due to the development of the state of the war and disruption of the transportation of exchange bills between countries.
また世界最大の為替決済市場であったロンドン（シティ）が戦局の進展により活動を停止したこと、各国間での為替手形の輸送が途絶したことなども影響した。