The oldest record of Emishi in form is introduced in Kumeuta (a kind of poem) composed in a "Nihon Shoki" (Chronicles of Japan) Jinmu tosei (story in Japanese myth about the first generation of the Imperial family) as an Aibishi.
蝦夷「えみし」についての形式上最も古い言及は『日本書紀』神武東征記中に詠まれている来目歌の一つに愛濔詩として登場する。