For a shoen or Kokugaryo, which had been organized into Gun, Sato, and Ho, shokan (an officer) appointed by the ryoshu of the shoen or Gunji (an officer for Gun), Goji (an officer for Go - Sato) and Hoji (an officer for Ho), all of whom were appointed by the kokushi (provincial governor) (also called zuryo), executed their respective chigyo right, working for maintaining security and for collecting taxes.
さらに荘園や、郡・郷・保を単位とする国衙領は荘園領主や国司（受領）に任命された荘官・郡司・郷司・保司らが知行して治安維持、租税徴収に当たった。