Even in the early-modern times (after the Azuchi-Momoyama period), many castles did not even have Tenshudai (base of keep); construction of Tenshu having been judged unnecessary from the start.
近世（安土桃山時代以降）でも当初より天守を建てる必要がないとの判断から天守台さえ造られなかった城も多い。