According to the Yoro Ritsuryo Code (code promulgated in the Yoro era), there were four zoshishu, or paper making technicians, who belonged to Zushonoryo, and 50 kamiko (hereditary artisans for paper making under the government management) belonging to Shinabe (a rank of technicians in offices), who worked under zoshishu, were placed in Yamashiro Province.
養老律令によれば、図書寮に属した技術者にあたる造紙手（ぞうししゅ）4名とその下で働く品部の紙戸が山背国（後の山城国）に50戸置かれていた。