The practitioners of tokai in Kumano Nachi were mainly chief priests of Fudarakusan-ji Temple in principle, but it is recorded in an entry dated May 27, 1233 of "Azuma Kagami" (The Mirror of the East) that an ex-samurai named Rokuroyukihide SHIMOKAWABE took the second name of 智定房 and tried tokai as a special case.
熊野那智での渡海の場合は、原則として補陀落山寺の住職が渡海行の主体であったが、例外として『吾妻鏡』天福元年（1233年）五月二十七日の条に、下河辺六郎行秀という元武士が補陀落山で「智定房」と号し渡海に臨んだと記されている。