The provincial capital is believed to have been located in the urban area to the south of what is now Fuchu Station (its western side ending at the eastern half of the grounds of the present-day Okunitama-jinja Shrine) (Musashi-kokufu-kanren-iseki (武蔵国府関連遺跡) (associated remains of the provincial capital of Musashi)).
国庁は現在の大國魂神社の敷地の東半分を西端とし、府中駅南側の市街地部分に存在したと考えられている（武蔵国府関連遺跡）。