Regarding sardines, after cotton growing became popular in the Edo period, sardines were mostly distributed as the fertilizer made from them (the raw materials was remains of the sardines whose oil was extracted).
なお、鰯の場合、江戸時代に木綿生産などが盛んになって以後は、流通量的には油を絞った残りの利用としての肥料｛魚肥類（肥料）鰯など油を絞った残りかす｝が主体だったようである。