Japanese Tojo were characterized by the lack of the alter of imperial ancestors and the altar of soil and grain, which were the features of Chinese Tojo, and by the absence of Rajo to surround the city, which was seen in the mainland China, or if any, it stretched only several dozen meters horizontally from Rajo-mon Gate.
日本の都城の特徴としては、中国に見られるような宗廟と社稷が見られず、大陸にあるような京師を囲う羅城が存在しないか、あっても羅城門の東西数十メートルに過ぎなかったことである。