In the Heian period or before it, miki no tsukasa or sake no tsukasa (written either 造酒司 or 造酒寮) (either indicating the office in charge of the imperial use of sake, sweet sake, or vinegar etc.) was placed in the Imperial Court, saka-dono (literally, a sake hall) was placed in shrines, and for private purposes, people manufactured sake by themselves.
平安時代以前には、朝廷には造酒司（もしくは造酒寮）が、神社には酒殿が置かれて、民間では自家製造が主であった。