This was largely due to the hatamoto having become consumers and having led hard lives after being separated from their territories which was the production center, because they were, in principle, obliged to stay in Edo year round.
これは旗本に江戸常駐を原則として義務付けたことによって旗本が生産地である知行地から切り離されて消費者に転化してその生活が苦しくなったという事情が大きく働いていた。