In the battles fought before the early modern times, the master honored his kenin (retainers) or samurai warriors who rendered outstanding military service and granted them territories, written appointments, testimonials, goods, rank and office confirmations, or commendation to governmental posts.
近世以前に行われた合戦において、主君が武士が戦功を挙げた家人や武士に対して表彰し、所領もしくは官途状、感状、物品の授与、格式の免許、官職への任官の推薦を行うこと。