As a result of the war, members from the Sat-Cho (the Satsuma and Choshu Domains) and their supporting domains (the Saga and Tosa Domains) played an active role in the Meiji government, and Japan was to head for the modern system of centralized government.
この戦争の結果、薩長、薩長協力藩（佐賀藩、土佐藩等）出身者が明治政府の主体となり、日本は近代的な中央集権国家への道を歩んでいった。