ShoYo (Shao Yong) created the 'Senten-zu' (the innate figure) to describe the forming of the universe with 'numbers,' and Shu Ton-i (Zhou Dunyi) wrote "The Theory Based on the Figure of Taiji " based on 'the figure of Taiji' to preach forming a theory of the universe described as 'unlimitedness -> Taiji (the root of all things) -> yin yang (positive and negative, light and shade) -> Wu Xing (Five Movements, Five Phases) -> sudden appearance of all things' (Chu His interpreted unlimitedness as Taiji).
邵雍は「先天図」を作って「数」で宇宙生成を説明し、周敦頤は「太極図」に基づいて『太極図説』を著し、「無極→太極→陰陽→五行→万物化生」の宇宙生成論を唱えた（朱熹は無極＝太極と読み替えた）。