Izuna belief has many varieties, ranging from belief in devils and tengu, to beliefs among warlords, practitioners, and ninja (professional spy in feudal Japan highly trained in stealth and secrecy), to beliefs in foxes, which are complicated aspects of the belief.
一口に飯縄信仰と言っても、憑霊信仰や天狗信仰、武将や修験者、忍者の間での信仰、狐信仰など非常に多岐にわたっており、複雑な様相を呈している。