Oiwa-kaido road was a route of Tokaido Gojunana-tsugi (57 stations in Tokaido Road) which directly led from Edo area to Osaka without passing through Kyoto, as a part of Otsu-kaido road (which currently is a Shiga prefectural road and the Otsu-Yodo Line which is Kyoto Prefectural Road No. 35) and, in addition, it is said that this road was part of a route for Hyakuya-gayoi (one-hundred-night visiting) of Fukakusa no Shosho.
大津街道（滋賀県道・京都府道35号大津淀線）の一部として、江戸方面から京都を通らずに大阪へ直行する東海道五十三次東海道五十七次のルートであったほか、深草少将の百夜通いのルートとされる。