On January 3, 1868, the army of the Tokugawa shogunate confronted the army of the Satsuma Domain at Toba ("Rakugai;" on the outskirts of Kyoto in Kyoto City); this incident would lead to a battle (Please refer to The Battle of Toba-Fushimi).
慶応4年正月3日鳥羽(洛外)（京都市）で薩摩藩兵と衝突し、戦闘となった（詳細は鳥羽・伏見の戦いを参照）。