Thinking about conferment of Ingo (title given to retired emperor), entitlements of nenkan (the right to apply for government posts) and nensyaku (the right to apply for official court ranks; nenkan and nensyaku were part of the income of the aristocracy), and the right to set up In no cho (office of retired emperor), it can be said that in a sense, nyoin (a woman bestowed with the title "in" [similar to Ingo; title given to retired emperor]) is also the same position equivalent to Joko (the abbreviation of Daijo tenno).
なお、女院も、院号の授与、年官年爵の賦与、院庁の設置などにより、ある意味で上皇に准じた立場と言うことができる。