In the Kamakura period the Tachikawa-ryu (Esoteric Buddhism), a school of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism based on "Rishu-kyo," was founded, and it was later oppressed as an evil heresy.
また、鎌倉時代には、『理趣経』を根本とした真言密教の一派である立川流(密教)が発生し、後に淫祠邪教だとして弾圧された歴史もある。