Moreover, a money-based economy had begun to proliferate, which led to the financial ruin of many gokenin as they fell deeply into debt with members of the merchant class, looked down upon as Bonge ("commoners").
また、貨幣経済が浸透し、多くの御家人が経済的に没落し、凡下と呼ばれる商人階層から借財を重ねた。