It is based on 'Juaku' (ten evils) in the Tang Ritsuryo Code, but 'Fuboku' (family trouble) and 'Nairan' (crimes that disturb the family, particularly adultery, incest etc.; the meaning is different from that of today) were excluded.
唐律令の「十悪」を元にしているが、「不睦」（家庭不和）「内乱」（一族を乱す犯罪、特に不倫、近親相姦など。現在の内乱と意味は異なる）2つを除いている。