According to another estimate, the total of the amount of damage due to kosa in the medical and welfare areas and of the cost needed for the measures taken against kosa is 364 billion won yearly (according to Kang, 2004).
別の推定によれば、黄砂による医療・福祉分野の被害額や黄砂への対策費用は、年間3,640億ウォン（Kang,2004年）だとされている。