Juryoso that thus came to hold shoen was called ryoke (a lord of the manor), and because confiscating shoen by kokushi (provincial governors) who belonged to the same hierarchy as ryoke continued, ryoke donated their land to the upper kenmon (an influential family) class.
こうして荘園を持つようになった受領層を領家と呼ぶが、領家と同階層の国司による荘園の収公が続いたため、これを防ぐため、更に権門層に寄進することとなった。