In the Edo period, a person who possessed (1) a field and (2) a house and land (farmer described in the cadastral register) and paid both (3) nengu and (4) miscellaneous taxes was regarded as hyakusho (hon-byakusho [peasant] or yakuya [peasants]) ("early hon-byakusho").
江戸時代には、(1)田畑と(2)家屋敷地を所持し(検地帳名請人)、(3)年貢と(4)諸役の両方を負担する者を百姓(本百姓・役家)とした("初期本百姓")。