After the surrender of Edo-jo Castle, historians and other experts often considered the wars which followed to be directly connected with suppression by the new government army and the reaction of the resisting forces of the Ouetsu-reppan alliance.
以後の戦いは、新政府軍の鎮撫とそれに抵抗する奥羽越列藩同盟という構図で語られることが多くなる。