The cooking methods of some foods from Europe, such as castella sponge cakes, were modified when they were introduced to Japan, while other foods came from China, like Shippoku ryori (special Chinese cuisine in Nagasaki Prefecture, to which Japanese cooking methods were introduced).
また、カステラのように、ヨーロッパから伝わった製法が独自に発展した例や、卓袱料理の様に中国から伝わった例もある。