When military rule was established and the pretension of government services went unchallenged, bukekani (official court titles for samurai), hyakkanna (court rank-like names used by warriors), and azumahyakkan (court rank-like names used by warriors in the Kanto region), which were identities imitating those for government services were established (the Tokugawa Shogun family and Tokugawa gosanke (three privileged branches of Tokugawa family) were promoted to Jusanmi or higher to qualify for kugyo despite being buke families).
武家政治が成立し、官職の僭称（勝手に名乗ること）がまかり通るようになると武家官位、百官名、東百官という官職を模倣した名乗りが成立するようになる（もちろん、徳川将軍家や徳川御三家などは武家でありながら従三位以上に昇って公卿の資格を得ている）。