In Japan, because cholera pandemic repeatedly reoccurred and killed many people since the end of the Edo period, the Meiji Government knew the importance of an early countermeasure, so the Meiji Government enacted "Instruction for preventing Cholera" (by prewar Ministry of Home Affairs) and "Temporary rules of Hibyoin" (by Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department).
日本では、既に江戸時代末期より、幾度と無く多数の死者を出す流行が見られており、早期対策の重要性を認識していた明治政府は、虎列刺病（コレラ）予防心得（内務省(日本)）とともに避病院仮規則（警視庁）を整えた。