At that time, a zuryo (provincial governor), who was a Kokushi hittokan (the head of the provincial governors), had too much power in Japan's local administration, causing frequent appeals and armed conflicts against zuryo by farmers, which was called "Kokushi kasei joso."
当時、日本の地方行政は国司の筆頭官である受領に権力が集中し、百姓による受領に対する訴えや武力闘争（国司苛政上訴）が頻発していた。