Meanwhile, after the period of Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), along with the encroachment of the samurai into the rights of Shoen, there were a number of cases of nobles, temples and shrines conversely making inroads toward becoming jito-shiki (stewardship rights) which was lower in position than honke and ryoke, thus, in this case as well, it indicates that the concept of Shoen-ryoshu was collapsing.
なお、南北朝時代(日本)以後になると前述の武家による侵奪の他に、本家・領家よりも下位の職であった地頭職に貴族や寺社が反対に進出する例も存在しており、そうした意味においても荘園領主という概念が崩壊しつつあったことを示している。