Thereafter, court ranks were bestowed only to the deceased, and since the court ranks were no longer conferred to the survivors, standard form of joi served as a means of zoi before the Meiji period (however, unlike zoi, the letter '贈' is not used in joi).
以後、位階は死没者にのみ贈られるものとなり、生存者に対し叙位が適用されなくなったため、通常の叙位が明治以前の贈位の機能を果たしている（但し、贈位とは異なり、叙位では「贈」の字は用いられない）。