Additionally, villages and towns sometimes used the word 'buyaku' in reference to ninsokuyaku (cleanup, construction, guard and porter) that they imposed on residents in order to maintain their own communal functions.
また、村落や町(ちょう)が、自らの共同体的な機能を維持するために住民に賦課する人足役（掃除・普請・番・荷物持ち）も「夫役」と呼ぶ場合がある。