Masachika was the first son of hatamoto (direct retainer of Shogun), Masaharu ABE (third son of Masatake ABE, the eighth lord of Shinobu Domain) who was bestowed 5,000 koku (approximately 0.9 million liters of crop yield).
5,000石を領した旗本・阿部正晴（忍藩3代藩主・阿部正武の三男）の長男。