The authority of Dajokan was divided into three branches of legislation, administration and judiciary, each of which was exercised by Giseikan (the legislature), Gyoseikan (the executive) and subordinate five branches and Keihokan (the judiciary) respectively to achieve the system with three powers separated.
太政官の権力を立法・行政・司法の三権に分け、それぞれを議政官・行政官以下の五官・刑法官が掌る三権分立の体制がとられた。