PROCEDURE

The case was referred to the Court on 8 December 1994 by the European Commission of Human Rights (“the Commission“) and on 23 December 1994 by the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (“the Government“), within the three-month period laid down by Article 32 para. 1 and Article 47 (art. 32-1, art. 47) of the Convention. It originated in an application (no. 21928/93) against the United Kingdom lodged with the Commission under Article 25 (art. 25) on 31 March 1993 by a Pakistani national, Mr Abed Hussain. The Commission’s request referred to Articles 44 and 48 (art. 44, art. 48) and to the declaration whereby the United Kingdom recognised the compulsory jurisdiction of the Court (Article 46) (art. 46); the Government’s application referred to Article 48 (art. 48). The object of the request and of the application was to obtain a decision as to whether the facts of the case disclosed a breach by the respondent State of its obligations under Article 5 para. 4 (art. 5-4) of the Convention. The Commission further sought a decision as to whether there had been a breach of Article 14 (art. 14) of the Convention.

In response to the enquiry made in accordance with Rule 33 para. 3 (d) of Rules of Court A, the applicant stated that he wished to take part in the proceedings and designated the lawyer who would represent him (Rule 30).

The President of the Court decided that in the interests of the proper administration of justice this case and the case of Singh v. the United Kingdom (no. 56/1994/503/585) should be heard by the same Chamber (Rule 21 para. 6) and that a joint hearing should be held. The Chamber to be constituted included ex officio Sir John Freeland, the elected judge of British nationality (Article 43 of the Convention) (art. 43), and Mr R. Ryssdal, the President of the Court (Rule 21 para. 3 (b)). On 27 January 1995, in the presence of the Registrar, the President drew by lot the names of the other seven members, namely Mr F. Gölcüklü, Mr R. Macdonald, Mr A. Spielmann, Mr N. Valticos, Mrs E. Palm, Mr F. Bigi and Mr P. Jambrek (Article 43 in fine of the Convention and Rule 21 para. 4) (art. 43).

As President of the Chamber (Rule 21 para. 5), Mr Ryssdal, acting through the Registrar, consulted the Agent of the Government, the applicant’s lawyer and the Delegate of the Commission on the organisation of the proceedings (Rules 37 para. 1 and 38). Pursuant to the order made in consequence, the Registrar received the Government’s memorial on 13 April 1995 and the applicant’s memorial on 18 April. The Secretary to the Commission informed the Registrar that the Delegate would submit his observations at the hearing.

In accordance with the President’s decision, the hearing took place in public in the Human Rights Building, Strasbourg, on 27 September 1995. The Court had held a preparatory meeting beforehand. There appeared before the Court: (a) for the Government Mr I. Christie, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Agent, Mr D. Pannick QC, Mr M. Shaw, Barrister-at-Law, Counsel, Mr H. Carter, Mr H. Bayne, Mr R. Harrington, Home Office, Advisers, (b) for the Commission Mr N. Bratza, Delegate, (c) for the applicant Mr E. Fitzgerald QC, Mr J. Cooper, Barrister-at-Law, Counsel, Ms K. Akester, Solicitor. The Court heard addresses by Mr Bratza, Mr Fitzgerald and Mr Pannick.

AS TO THE FACTS

I. CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE

Mr Abed Hussain was born in 1962 and is currently detained in Lindholme prison.

On 12 December 1978, the applicant - then aged 16 - was convicted at Leeds Crown Court of the murder of his younger brother, aged 2. The applicant had inflicted severe injuries on the infant while looking after him. He received a mandatory sentence of detention “during Her Majesty’s pleasure“ pursuant to section 53 (1) of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933 (as amended) (see paragraph 23 below). Its effect was to render the applicant “liable to be detained in such a place and under such conditions as the Secretary of State [for the Home Department] may direct“.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a11_e1
001-57976_a11_em1
DATETIME
QUASI
8 December 1994
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DATETIME
QUASI
23 December 1994
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ORG
NO_MASK
the Government
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ORG
QUASI
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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insert
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ORG
NO_MASK
001-57976_a11_em4
the Government
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001-57976_a11_em6
DATETIME
NO_MASK
three-month
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check
001-57976_a11_e5
001-57976_a11_em7
CODE
DIRECT
21928/93
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001-57976_a11_e3
001-57976_a11_em8
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom
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001-57976_a11_em9
DATETIME
QUASI
31 March 1993
ETHNIC
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DEM
QUASI
Pakistani
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a11_e8
001-57976_a11_em11
PERSON
DIRECT
Mr Abed Hussain
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correct
001-57976_a11_e3
001-57976_a11_em12
ORG
QUASI
001-57976_a11_em4
United Kingdom
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001-57976_a11_em13
ORG
NO_MASK
the Government
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001-57976_a11_e9
001-57976_a11_em14
PERSON
NO_MASK
Singh
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ORG
QUASI
United Kingdom
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001-57976_a11_e10
001-57976_a11_em16
CODE
NO_MASK
56/1994/503/585
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PERSON
QUASI
Sir John Freeland
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DEM
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British
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PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr R. Ryssdal
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DATETIME
QUASI
27 January 1995
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PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr F. Gölcüklü
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PERSON
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Mr R. Macdonald
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PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr A. Spielmann
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PERSON
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Mr N. Valticos
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PERSON
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Mrs E. Palm
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr F. Bigi
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr P. Jambrek
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PERSON
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001-57976_a11_em19
Mr Ryssdal
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ORG
NO_MASK
the Government
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ORG
NO_MASK
Delegate of the Commission
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ORG
NO_MASK
the Government
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DATETIME
QUASI
13 April 1995
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DATETIME
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18 April
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LOC
NO_MASK
Human Rights Building, Strasbourg
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DATETIME
QUASI
27 September 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-57976_a11_em36
ORG
NO_MASK
the Government
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr I. Christie
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ORG
NO_MASK
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
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PERSON
NO_MASK
001-57976_a11_em50
Mr D. Pannick
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr M. Shaw
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Mr H. Carter
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Mr H. Bayne
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PERSON
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Mr R. Harrington
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PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr N. Bratza
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001-57976_a11_em45
PERSON
QUASI
Mr E. Fitzgerald
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr J. Cooper
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PERSON
QUASI
Ms K. Akester
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PERSON
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Mr Bratza
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PERSON
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Mr Fitzgerald
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PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr Pannick
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PERSON
DIRECT
Mr Abed Hussain
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001-57976_a11_em52
DEM
NO_MASK
1962
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001-57976_a11_e39
001-57976_a11_em53
ORG
QUASI
Lindholme prison
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check
001-57976_a11_e40
001-57976_a11_em54
DATETIME
QUASI
12 December 1978
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correct
001-57976_a11_e41
001-57976_a11_em55
ORG
QUASI
Leeds Crown Court
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insert
001-57976_a11_e42
001-57976_a11_em56
MISC
QUASI
murder of his younger brother, aged 2
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a11_e43
001-57976_a11_em57
DATETIME
NO_MASK
1933
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-57976_a11_em58
ORG
NO_MASK
Home Department
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001-57976_a2_em1
DATETIME
QUASI
8 December 1994
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-57976_a2_em2
DATETIME
QUASI
23 December 1994
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-57976_a2_e3
001-57976_a2_em3
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a2_e4
001-57976_a2_em4
CODE
QUASI
21928/93
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a2_e5
001-57976_a2_em5
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a2_e6
001-57976_a2_em6
DATETIME
QUASI
31 March 1993
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a2_e7
001-57976_a2_em7
DEM
QUASI
Pakistani
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a2_e8
001-57976_a2_em8
PERSON
DIRECT
Mr Abed Hussain
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a2_e5
001-57976_a2_em9
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a2_e9
001-57976_a2_em10
PERSON
NO_MASK
Singh
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-57976_a2_e10
001-57976_a2_em11
MISC
QUASI
Singh v. the United Kingdom (no. 56/1994/503/585)
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check
001-57976_a2_e5
001-57976_a2_em12
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom
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001-57976_a2_e11
001-57976_a2_em13
CODE
QUASI
56/1994/503/585
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001-57976_a2_e12
001-57976_a2_em14
PERSON
QUASI
Sir John Freeland
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001-57976_a2_em15
DEM
QUASI
British
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001-57976_a2_e14
001-57976_a2_em16
PERSON
QUASI
Mr R. Ryssdal
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001-57976_a2_em17
DATETIME
QUASI
27 January 1995
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr F. Gölcüklü
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr R. Macdonald
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr A. Spielmann
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr N. Valticos
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PERSON
QUASI
Mrs E. Palm
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr F. Bigi
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr P. Jambrek
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PERSON
QUASI
001-57976_a2_em16
Mr Ryssdal
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001-57976_a2_em26
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QUASI
13 April 1995
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QUASI
18 April
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check
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LOC
NO_MASK
Human Rights Building, Strasbourg
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DATETIME
QUASI
27 September 1995
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr I. Christie
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QUASI
Mr D. Pannick QC
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr M. Shaw
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr H. Carter
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr H. Bayne
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr R. Harrington
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001-57976_a2_e33
001-57976_a2_em36
PERSON
QUASI
Mr N. Bratza
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001-57976_a2_e34
001-57976_a2_em37
PERSON
QUASI
Mr E. Fitzgerald QC
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QUASI
Mr J. Cooper
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QUASI
Ms K. Akester
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr Bratza
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr Fitzgerald
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PERSON
QUASI
Mr Pannick
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PERSON
DIRECT
Mr Abed Hussain
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check
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001-57976_a2_em44
DATETIME
QUASI
1962
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insert
001-57976_a2_e41
001-57976_a2_em45
ORG
QUASI
Lindholme prison
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001-57976_a2_e42
001-57976_a2_em46
DATETIME
QUASI
12 December 1978
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-57976_a2_e43
001-57976_a2_em47
DEM
QUASI
aged 16
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a2_e44
001-57976_a2_em48
LOC
QUASI
Leeds Crown Court
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001-57976_a8_e1
001-57976_a8_em1
DATETIME
QUASI
8 December 1994
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
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001-57976_a8_em2
DATETIME
QUASI
23 December 1994
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-57976_a8_e3
001-57976_a8_em3
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e4
001-57976_a8_em4
DATETIME
NO_MASK
three-month
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e5
001-57976_a8_em5
CODE
DIRECT
21928/93
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-57976_a8_e6
001-57976_a8_em6
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e7
001-57976_a8_em7
DATETIME
QUASI
31 March 1993
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e8
001-57976_a8_em8
DEM
QUASI
Pakistani
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e9
001-57976_a8_em9
PERSON
DIRECT
Mr Abed Hussain
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e6
001-57976_a8_em10
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-57976_a8_e10
001-57976_a8_em11
MISC
NO_MASK
Singh v. the United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e11
001-57976_a8_em12
CODE
NO_MASK
56/1994/503/585
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e12
001-57976_a8_em13
PERSON
NO_MASK
Sir John Freeland
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e13
001-57976_a8_em14
DEM
NO_MASK
British
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-57976_a8_e14
001-57976_a8_em15
PERSON
NO_MASK
001-57976_a8_em24
Mr R. Ryssdal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e15
001-57976_a8_em16
DATETIME
QUASI
27 January 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e16
001-57976_a8_em17
PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr F. Gölcüklü
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e17
001-57976_a8_em18
PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr R. Macdonald
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
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001-57976_a8_em19
PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr A. Spielmann
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-57976_a8_em20
PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr N. Valticos
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-57976_a8_em21
PERSON
NO_MASK
Mrs E. Palm
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr F. Bigi
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr P. Jambrek
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-57976_a8_e14
001-57976_a8_em24
PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr Ryssdal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-57976_a8_em25
ORG
NO_MASK
Delegate of the Commission
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-57976_a8_e24
001-57976_a8_em26
DATETIME
QUASI
13 April 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e25
001-57976_a8_em27
DATETIME
QUASI
18 April
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-57976_a8_e26
001-57976_a8_em28
ORG
NO_MASK
Human Rights Building, Strasbourg
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e27
001-57976_a8_em29
DATETIME
QUASI
27 September 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e28
001-57976_a8_em30
PERSON
QUASI
Mr I. Christie
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e29
001-57976_a8_em31
ORG
NO_MASK
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e30
001-57976_a8_em32
PERSON
QUASI
Mr D. Pannick QC
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e31
001-57976_a8_em33
PERSON
QUASI
Mr M. Shaw
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e32
001-57976_a8_em34
PERSON
QUASI
Mr H. Carter
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e33
001-57976_a8_em35
PERSON
QUASI
Mr H. Bayne
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e34
001-57976_a8_em36
PERSON
QUASI
Mr R. Harrington
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e35
001-57976_a8_em37
ORG
NO_MASK
Home Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e36
001-57976_a8_em38
PERSON
QUASI
Mr N. Bratza
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e37
001-57976_a8_em39
PERSON
QUASI
Mr E. Fitzgerald QC
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e38
001-57976_a8_em40
PERSON
QUASI
Mr J. Cooper
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e39
001-57976_a8_em41
PERSON
QUASI
Ms K. Akester
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e40
001-57976_a8_em42
PERSON
QUASI
Mr Bratza
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e41
001-57976_a8_em43
PERSON
QUASI
Mr Fitzgerald
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e42
001-57976_a8_em44
PERSON
QUASI
Mr Pannick
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e9
001-57976_a8_em45
PERSON
DIRECT
Mr Abed Hussain
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e43
001-57976_a8_em46
DATETIME
QUASI
1962
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-57976_a8_e44
001-57976_a8_em47
ORG
QUASI
Lindholme prison
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-57976_a8_e45
001-57976_a8_em48
DATETIME
QUASI
12 December 1978
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-57976_a8_e46
001-57976_a8_em49
DEM
QUASI
aged 16
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-57976_a8_e47
001-57976_a8_em50
ORG
QUASI
Leeds Crown Court
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-57976_a8_e48
001-57976_a8_em51
DEM
QUASI
aged 2
Abed Hussain
GBR
CHAMBER
Task: Annotate the document to anonymise the following person: Abed Hussain