PROCEDURE

The case originated in an application (no. 32570/03) against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) by a United Kingdom national, Ms Linda Grant (“the applicant”), on 8 October 2003.

The applicant was represented by Ms J. Sawyer, a lawyer working for Liberty, London. The United Kingdom Government (“the Government”) were represented by their Agent, Mr D. Walton, of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, London.

The applicant complained of the lack of legal recognition of her change of gender and the refusal of the Department of Social Security (DSS) to pay her a retirement pension at the age of 60 as was the case for other women. She relied on Article 8 of the Convention and Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 taken alone and in conjunction with Article 14 of the Convention.

The application was allocated to the Fourth Section of the Court (Rule 52 § 1 of the Rules of Court). Within that Section, the Chamber that would consider the case (Article 27 § 1 of the Convention) was constituted as provided in Rule 26 § 1.

By a decision of 19 May 2005, the Chamber declared the application partly admissible.

The applicant and the Government each filed observations on the merits (Rule 59 § 1). The Chamber decided, after consulting the parties, that no hearing on the merits was required (Rule 59 § 3 in fine).

THE FACTS

I. THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE

According to the applicant’s birth certificate, she is male. She served in the army for three years from the age of 17 and then worked as a police officer. Aged 24, she gave up attempting to live as a man, and had gender reassignment surgery two years later. She has presented as a woman since 1963, is identified as a woman on her National Insurance card and paid contributions to the National Insurance scheme at the female rate (until 1975, when the difference in rates was abolished). In 1972 she became self-employed and started paying into a private pension fund.

By a letter dated 22 August 1997, the applicant applied to the local government benefits office for State pension payments. She wished these to commence on 22 December 1997, her 60th birthday. Her application was refused by a decision of the Adjudication Officer issued on 31 October 1997. He stated that she had applied “too early”, and was only entitled to a State pension from the age of 65, the retirement age applicable to men.

Her appeal against this decision was heard by Birmingham Social Security Appeal Tribunal on 12 March 1998, which dismissed it on the basis of established case-law. At this time she claimed that she was no longer able to work due to a spinal collapse fracture of osteoporotic origin.

On 1 October 1998 the applicant submitted her appeal to the Social Security Commissioner. Leave to appeal was granted but, by a decision of 1 June 2000, her appeal was dismissed following an oral hearing. The Commissioner felt compelled to follow previous decisions and also held that the DSS had not entered into an agreement to treat the applicant as a woman.

In the light of the judgments of 11 July 2002 given by the Grand Chamber in Christine Goodwin v. the United Kingdom ([GC], no. 28957/95, ECHR 2002-VI) and I. v. the United Kingdom ([GC], no. 25680/94), in which the Court found that the Government’s continuing failure to take effective steps to effect the legal recognition of the change of gender of post-operative transsexuals was in breach of Article 8, the applicant wrote to the Office of Social Security on 12 July 2002 asking for her case to be reopened. The Commissioner notified her on 14 August 2002 that leave to appeal to the Court of Appeal had been granted.

On 5 September 2002 the Department for Work and Pensions refused to award the applicant a State pension in light of the judgment in Christine Goodwin.

In the Court of Appeal, the applicant sought, inter alia, a declaration that she was entitled to her full retirement pension from her 60th birthday, and damages for breach of the Human Rights Act 1998, in force from 2 October 2000. Meanwhile, on 22 December 2002, the applicant reached the age of 65 and her pension payments began.

By agreement, her case was adjourned to await the House of Lords judgment in Bellinger v. Bellinger. In that case the claimant, a transsexual, sought a declaration of validity in respect of a marriage contracted following gender reassignment surgery. By a decision of 10 April 2003, their Lordships, whilst finding the Government’s continuing failure to legislate to be a breach of Articles 8 and 12, deemed the formulation of legal norms to remedy that breach best left to Parliament ([2003] WLR 1174). Further, the House of Lords disapproved of attempts to seek recognition even in the clearest cases on the basis that (a) eventually a line would have to be drawn and (b) such demarcation required detailed consideration by the legislature of the likely social consequences. Following this decision, the applicant was advised by her legal representative that the prospects of persuading the Court of Appeal to depart from the Bellinger judgment, and thus of obtaining an effective remedy, were nil. If proceedings were continued, she would further risk punitive costs orders. Accordingly, the applicant consented to a court order dismissing her appeal with no order as to costs. The Government further refused to make any ex gratia payment of a sum representing her lost State pension.

On 26 April 2005 the applicant was issued with a Gender Recognition Certificate following her application under the Gender Recognition Act 2004 which had come into force on 1 July 2004 (see paragraphs 30-31 below).
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e1
001-75454_a4_em1
CODE
DIRECT
32570/03
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a4_e2
001-75454_a4_em2
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
ETHNIC
insert
001-75454_a4_e3
001-75454_a4_em3
DEM
NO_MASK
United Kingdom national
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e4
001-75454_a4_em4
PERSON
DIRECT
Ms Linda Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e5
001-75454_a4_em5
DATETIME
QUASI
8 October 2003
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a4_e6
001-75454_a4_em6
PERSON
QUASI
Ms J. Sawyer
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e7
001-75454_a4_em7
LOC
QUASI
Liberty, London
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a4_e8
001-75454_a4_em8
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom Government
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e9
001-75454_a4_em9
PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr D. Walton
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e10
001-75454_a4_em10
ORG
NO_MASK
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e11
001-75454_a4_em11
LOC
NO_MASK
London
SEX
insert
001-75454_a4_e12
001-75454_a4_em12
MISC
NO_MASK
change of gender
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e13
001-75454_a4_em13
ORG
NO_MASK
Department of Social Security
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e13
001-75454_a4_em14
ORG
NO_MASK
001-75454_a4_em13
DSS
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e14
001-75454_a4_em15
DATETIME
QUASI
19 May 2005
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a4_e15
001-75454_a4_em16
DEM
QUASI
served in the army
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e16
001-75454_a4_em17
DATETIME
NO_MASK
three years
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e17
001-75454_a4_em18
DATETIME
QUASI
age of 17
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a4_e18
001-75454_a4_em19
DEM
QUASI
police officer.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a4_e19
001-75454_a4_em20
DEM
QUASI
24
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e20
001-75454_a4_em21
DATETIME
NO_MASK
two years later
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e21
001-75454_a4_em22
DATETIME
QUASI
1963
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e22
001-75454_a4_em23
DATETIME
QUASI
1975
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e23
001-75454_a4_em24
DATETIME
QUASI
1972
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e24
001-75454_a4_em25
DATETIME
QUASI
22 August 1997
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e25
001-75454_a4_em26
DATETIME
QUASI
22 December 1997
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a4_e26
001-75454_a4_em27
DEM
QUASI
60th
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a4_e27
001-75454_a4_em28
ORG
NO_MASK
Adjudication Officer
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e28
001-75454_a4_em29
DATETIME
QUASI
31 October 1997
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e29
001-75454_a4_em30
DATETIME
QUASI
age of 65
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e30
001-75454_a4_em31
ORG
NO_MASK
Birmingham Social Security Appeal Tribunal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e31
001-75454_a4_em32
DATETIME
QUASI
12 March 1998
HEALTH
insert
001-75454_a4_e32
001-75454_a4_em33
MISC
QUASI
spinal collapse fracture of osteoporotic origin
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e33
001-75454_a4_em34
DATETIME
QUASI
1 October 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a4_e34
001-75454_a4_em35
ORG
NO_MASK
Social Security Commissioner
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e35
001-75454_a4_em36
DATETIME
QUASI
1 June 2000
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e13
001-75454_a4_em37
ORG
NO_MASK
DSS
SEX
check
001-75454_a4_e12
001-75454_a4_em38
MISC
NO_MASK
change of gender
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e36
001-75454_a4_em39
ORG
NO_MASK
Office of Social Security
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e37
001-75454_a4_em40
DATETIME
QUASI
12 July 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e38
001-75454_a4_em41
DATETIME
QUASI
14 August 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e39
001-75454_a4_em42
ORG
NO_MASK
Court of Appeal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e40
001-75454_a4_em43
DATETIME
QUASI
5 September 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e41
001-75454_a4_em44
ORG
NO_MASK
Department for Work and Pensions
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e39
001-75454_a4_em45
ORG
NO_MASK
Court of Appeal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e26
001-75454_a4_em46
DEM
QUASI
60th
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e42
001-75454_a4_em47
DATETIME
QUASI
2 October 2000
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e43
001-75454_a4_em48
DATETIME
QUASI
22 December 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e29
001-75454_a4_em49
DATETIME
QUASI
age of 65
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e44
001-75454_a4_em50
ORG
NO_MASK
House of Lords
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e45
001-75454_a4_em51
DATETIME
QUASI
10 April 2003
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e46
001-75454_a4_em52
ORG
NO_MASK
Parliament
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e44
001-75454_a4_em53
ORG
NO_MASK
House of Lords
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e39
001-75454_a4_em54
ORG
NO_MASK
Court of Appeal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e47
001-75454_a4_em55
DATETIME
QUASI
26 April 2005
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a4_e48
001-75454_a4_em56
DATETIME
QUASI
1 July 2004
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e1
001-75454_a6_em1
CODE
DIRECT
32570/03
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a6_e2
001-75454_a6_em2
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-75454_a6_e3
001-75454_a6_em3
DEM
QUASI
United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e4
001-75454_a6_em4
PERSON
DIRECT
Ms Linda Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e5
001-75454_a6_em5
DATETIME
QUASI
8 October 2003
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e6
001-75454_a6_em6
PERSON
QUASI
Ms J. Sawyer
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e7
001-75454_a6_em7
LOC
QUASI
Liberty, London
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e2
001-75454_a6_em8
ORG
NO_MASK
001-75454_a6_em2
United Kingdom Government
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e8
001-75454_a6_em9
PERSON
QUASI
Mr D. Walton
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e9
001-75454_a6_em10
ORG
NO_MASK
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e10
001-75454_a6_em11
LOC
NO_MASK
London
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e11
001-75454_a6_em12
ORG
NO_MASK
Department of Social Security
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e11
001-75454_a6_em13
ORG
NO_MASK
001-75454_a6_em12
DSS
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a6_e12
001-75454_a6_em14
DEM
QUASI
age of 60
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e13
001-75454_a6_em15
DATETIME
QUASI
19 May 2005
SEX
insert
001-75454_a6_e14
001-75454_a6_em16
MISC
NO_MASK
she is male
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e15
001-75454_a6_em17
DATETIME
QUASI
three years
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-75454_a6_e16
001-75454_a6_em18
DEM
QUASI
age of 17
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a6_e17
001-75454_a6_em19
DEM
QUASI
Aged 24
SEX
insert
001-75454_a6_e18
001-75454_a6_em20
MISC
QUASI
gender reassignment surgery
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e19
001-75454_a6_em21
DATETIME
QUASI
two years later
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e20
001-75454_a6_em22
DATETIME
QUASI
1963
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e21
001-75454_a6_em23
DATETIME
QUASI
1975
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e22
001-75454_a6_em24
DATETIME
QUASI
1972
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e23
001-75454_a6_em25
DATETIME
QUASI
22 August 1997
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e24
001-75454_a6_em26
DATETIME
QUASI
22 December 1997
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a6_e25
001-75454_a6_em27
DEM
QUASI
60th birthday
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e26
001-75454_a6_em28
DATETIME
QUASI
31 October 1997
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-75454_a6_e27
001-75454_a6_em29
DEM
QUASI
age of 65
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e28
001-75454_a6_em30
ORG
QUASI
Birmingham Social Security Appeal Tribunal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e29
001-75454_a6_em31
DATETIME
QUASI
12 March 1998
HEALTH
insert
001-75454_a6_e30
001-75454_a6_em32
MISC
QUASI
spinal collapse fracture of osteoporotic origin
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e31
001-75454_a6_em33
DATETIME
QUASI
1 October 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a6_e32
001-75454_a6_em34
ORG
NO_MASK
Social Security Commissioner
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e33
001-75454_a6_em35
DATETIME
QUASI
1 June 2000
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e11
001-75454_a6_em36
ORG
NO_MASK
DSS
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e34
001-75454_a6_em37
DATETIME
NO_MASK
11 July 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e35
001-75454_a6_em38
PERSON
NO_MASK
Christine Goodwin
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e3
001-75454_a6_em39
DEM
NO_MASK
United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e36
001-75454_a6_em40
CODE
NO_MASK
28957/95
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e3
001-75454_a6_em41
DEM
NO_MASK
United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e37
001-75454_a6_em42
CODE
NO_MASK
25680/94
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e38
001-75454_a6_em43
ORG
NO_MASK
Office of Social Security
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e39
001-75454_a6_em44
DATETIME
QUASI
12 July 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e40
001-75454_a6_em45
DATETIME
QUASI
14 August 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e41
001-75454_a6_em46
DATETIME
QUASI
5 September 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e42
001-75454_a6_em47
ORG
NO_MASK
Department for Work and Pensions
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e35
001-75454_a6_em48
PERSON
NO_MASK
Christine Goodwin
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e25
001-75454_a6_em49
DEM
QUASI
60th birthday
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e43
001-75454_a6_em50
DATETIME
QUASI
2 October 2000
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e44
001-75454_a6_em51
DATETIME
QUASI
22 December 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e27
001-75454_a6_em52
DEM
QUASI
age of 65
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e45
001-75454_a6_em53
ORG
NO_MASK
House of Lords
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-75454_a6_e46
001-75454_a6_em54
MISC
NO_MASK
Bellinger v. Bellinger
SEX
correct
001-75454_a6_e18
001-75454_a6_em55
MISC
NO_MASK
gender reassignment surgery
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e47
001-75454_a6_em56
DATETIME
QUASI
10 April 2003
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a6_e48
001-75454_a6_em57
CODE
QUASI
[2003] WLR 1174
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e45
001-75454_a6_em58
ORG
NO_MASK
House of Lords
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-75454_a6_e49
001-75454_a6_em59
MISC
NO_MASK
Bellinger
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e50
001-75454_a6_em60
DATETIME
QUASI
26 April 2005
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a6_e51
001-75454_a6_em61
DATETIME
QUASI
1 July 2004
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e1
001-75454_a7_em1
CODE
DIRECT
32570/03
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e2
001-75454_a7_em2
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e3
001-75454_a7_em3
ORG
QUASI
United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e4
001-75454_a7_em4
PERSON
DIRECT
Ms Linda Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e5
001-75454_a7_em5
DATETIME
QUASI
8 October 2003
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e6
001-75454_a7_em6
PERSON
QUASI
Ms J. Sawyer
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e7
001-75454_a7_em7
ORG
QUASI
Liberty
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e8
001-75454_a7_em8
LOC
QUASI
London
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e9
001-75454_a7_em9
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom Government
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e10
001-75454_a7_em10
PERSON
QUASI
Mr D. Walton
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e11
001-75454_a7_em11
ORG
NO_MASK
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e8
001-75454_a7_em12
LOC
NO_MASK
London
SEX
insert
001-75454_a7_e12
001-75454_a7_em13
DEM
NO_MASK
change of gender
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e13
001-75454_a7_em14
ORG
NO_MASK
Department of Social Security (DSS)
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e14
001-75454_a7_em15
DATETIME
QUASI
19 May 2005
SEX
insert
001-75454_a7_e15
001-75454_a7_em16
DEM
NO_MASK
male
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e16
001-75454_a7_em17
ORG
QUASI
army
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e17
001-75454_a7_em18
DATETIME
QUASI
three years
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-75454_a7_e18
001-75454_a7_em19
DEM
QUASI
age of 17
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e19
001-75454_a7_em20
DEM
QUASI
police officer
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e20
001-75454_a7_em21
DEM
QUASI
Aged 24
SEX
insert
001-75454_a7_e21
001-75454_a7_em22
MISC
NO_MASK
live as a man
SEX
insert
001-75454_a7_e22
001-75454_a7_em23
MISC
NO_MASK
gender reassignment surgery
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e23
001-75454_a7_em24
DATETIME
QUASI
two years
SEX
insert
001-75454_a7_e24
001-75454_a7_em25
MISC
NO_MASK
presented as a woman
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e25
001-75454_a7_em26
DATETIME
QUASI
1963
SEX
insert
001-75454_a7_e26
001-75454_a7_em27
DEM
NO_MASK
identified as a woman
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e27
001-75454_a7_em28
MISC
NO_MASK
National Insurance card
SEX
insert
001-75454_a7_e28
001-75454_a7_em29
MISC
NO_MASK
at the female rate
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e29
001-75454_a7_em30
DATETIME
QUASI
1972
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e30
001-75454_a7_em31
DEM
NO_MASK
self-employed
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e31
001-75454_a7_em32
MISC
NO_MASK
private pension fund
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e32
001-75454_a7_em33
DATETIME
QUASI
22 August 1997
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e33
001-75454_a7_em34
ORG
NO_MASK
local government benefits office for State pension payments
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e34
001-75454_a7_em35
DATETIME
QUASI
22 December 1997, her 60th birthday
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e35
001-75454_a7_em36
PERSON
NO_MASK
Adjudication Officer
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e36
001-75454_a7_em37
DATETIME
QUASI
31 October 1997
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e37
001-75454_a7_em38
ORG
QUASI
Birmingham Social Security Appeal Tribunal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e38
001-75454_a7_em39
DATETIME
QUASI
12 March 1998
HEALTH
insert
001-75454_a7_e39
001-75454_a7_em40
MISC
QUASI
spinal collapse fracture of osteoporotic origin
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e40
001-75454_a7_em41
DATETIME
QUASI
1 October 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e41
001-75454_a7_em42
ORG
NO_MASK
Social Security Commissioner
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e42
001-75454_a7_em43
DATETIME
QUASI
1 June 2000
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e41
001-75454_a7_em44
ORG
NO_MASK
001-75454_a7_em42
Commissioner
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e13
001-75454_a7_em45
ORG
NO_MASK
001-75454_a7_em14
DSS
SEX
insert
001-75454_a7_e43
001-75454_a7_em46
DEM
NO_MASK
woman
SEX
insert
001-75454_a7_e44
001-75454_a7_em47
MISC
NO_MASK
change of gender of post-operative transsexuals
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e45
001-75454_a7_em48
ORG
NO_MASK
Office of Social Security
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e46
001-75454_a7_em49
DATETIME
QUASI
12 July 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e41
001-75454_a7_em50
ORG
NO_MASK
Commissioner
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e47
001-75454_a7_em51
DATETIME
QUASI
14 August 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e48
001-75454_a7_em52
ORG
NO_MASK
Court of Appeal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e49
001-75454_a7_em53
DATETIME
QUASI
5 September 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e50
001-75454_a7_em54
ORG
NO_MASK
Department for Work and Pensions
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e48
001-75454_a7_em55
ORG
NO_MASK
Court of Appeal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e51
001-75454_a7_em56
DATETIME
QUASI
22 December 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e52
001-75454_a7_em57
ORG
NO_MASK
House of Lords
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e53
001-75454_a7_em58
DATETIME
QUASI
10 April 2003
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e54
001-75454_a7_em59
MISC
NO_MASK
their Lordships
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e55
001-75454_a7_em60
ORG
NO_MASK
Parliament
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e52
001-75454_a7_em61
ORG
NO_MASK
House of Lords
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e48
001-75454_a7_em62
ORG
NO_MASK
Court of Appeal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a7_e56
001-75454_a7_em63
DATETIME
QUASI
26 April 2005
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a7_e57
001-75454_a7_em64
MISC
QUASI
Gender Recognition Certificate
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e1
001-75454_a8_em1
CODE
DIRECT
32570/03
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e2
001-75454_a8_em2
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-75454_a8_e3
001-75454_a8_em3
DEM
NO_MASK
United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e4
001-75454_a8_em4
PERSON
DIRECT
Ms Linda Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e5
001-75454_a8_em5
DATETIME
QUASI
8 October 2003
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e6
001-75454_a8_em6
PERSON
QUASI
Ms J. Sawyer
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e7
001-75454_a8_em7
LOC
QUASI
Liberty, London
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e8
001-75454_a8_em8
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom Government
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e9
001-75454_a8_em9
PERSON
QUASI
Mr D. Walton
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e10
001-75454_a8_em10
ORG
NO_MASK
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e11
001-75454_a8_em11
LOC
NO_MASK
London
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e12
001-75454_a8_em12
ORG
NO_MASK
Department of Social Security (DSS)
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e13
001-75454_a8_em13
DATETIME
QUASI
19 May 2005
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e14
001-75454_a8_em14
DATETIME
NO_MASK
three years
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-75454_a8_e15
001-75454_a8_em15
DEM
QUASI
age of 17
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e16
001-75454_a8_em16
DEM
QUASI
police officer
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e17
001-75454_a8_em17
DEM
QUASI
Aged 24
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e18
001-75454_a8_em18
DATETIME
NO_MASK
two years
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e19
001-75454_a8_em19
DATETIME
QUASI
1963
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e20
001-75454_a8_em20
DATETIME
QUASI
1975
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e21
001-75454_a8_em21
DATETIME
QUASI
1972
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e22
001-75454_a8_em22
DATETIME
QUASI
22 August 1997
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e23
001-75454_a8_em23
DATETIME
QUASI
22 December 1997
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e24
001-75454_a8_em24
DEM
NO_MASK
60th birthday
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e25
001-75454_a8_em25
DATETIME
QUASI
31 October 1997
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e26
001-75454_a8_em26
DEM
NO_MASK
age of 65
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e27
001-75454_a8_em27
ORG
NO_MASK
Birmingham Social Security Appeal Tribunal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e28
001-75454_a8_em28
DATETIME
QUASI
12 March 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e29
001-75454_a8_em29
DATETIME
QUASI
1 October 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e30
001-75454_a8_em30
DATETIME
QUASI
1 June 2000
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e31
001-75454_a8_em31
DATETIME
QUASI
11 July 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e32
001-75454_a8_em32
MISC
NO_MASK
Christine Goodwin v. the United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e33
001-75454_a8_em33
CODE
NO_MASK
28957/95
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e34
001-75454_a8_em34
MISC
NO_MASK
I. v. the United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e35
001-75454_a8_em35
CODE
NO_MASK
25680/94
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e36
001-75454_a8_em36
ORG
NO_MASK
Office of Social Security
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e37
001-75454_a8_em37
DATETIME
QUASI
12 July 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e38
001-75454_a8_em38
DATETIME
QUASI
14 August 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e39
001-75454_a8_em39
DATETIME
QUASI
5 September 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e40
001-75454_a8_em40
ORG
NO_MASK
Department for Work and Pensions
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e41
001-75454_a8_em41
PERSON
NO_MASK
Christine Goodwin
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e24
001-75454_a8_em42
DEM
NO_MASK
60th birthday
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e42
001-75454_a8_em43
DATETIME
QUASI
2 October 2000
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e43
001-75454_a8_em44
DATETIME
QUASI
22 December 2002
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e26
001-75454_a8_em45
DEM
NO_MASK
age of 65
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e44
001-75454_a8_em46
ORG
NO_MASK
House of Lords
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-75454_a8_e45
001-75454_a8_em47
MISC
NO_MASK
Bellinger v. Bellinger
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e46
001-75454_a8_em48
DEM
NO_MASK
transsexual
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e47
001-75454_a8_em49
DATETIME
NO_MASK
10 April 2003
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e48
001-75454_a8_em50
DATETIME
NO_MASK
2003
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e44
001-75454_a8_em51
ORG
NO_MASK
House of Lords
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-75454_a8_e49
001-75454_a8_em52
MISC
NO_MASK
Bellinger judgment
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e50
001-75454_a8_em53
DATETIME
QUASI
26 April 2005
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-75454_a8_e51
001-75454_a8_em54
DATETIME
QUASI
1 July 2004
Linda Grant
GBR
CHAMBER
Task: Annotate the document to anonymise the following person: Linda Grant