PROCEDURE

The case was referred to the Court by an Austrian national, Erich Kiefer (“the applicant”) on 30 December 1998 pursuant to former Article 48 § 1 (e) of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”). It originated in an application (no. 27353/95) against Switzerland lodged by the applicant with the European Commission of Human Rights (“the Commission”) under former Article 25 of the Convention, on 13 April 1995.

The applicant is represented by Mr B. Gachnang, a lawyer practising in Lucerne in Switzerland. The Swiss Government are represented by their Agent, Mr Ph. Boillat.

The case concerns the duration of the proceedings instituted by the applicant and whether they were terminated within a “reasonable time” as required by Article 6 § 1 of the Convention.

On 31 March 1999 a Panel of the Grand Chamber decided, in accordance with Article 5 § 4 of Protocol No. 11 taken together with Rules 100 § 1 and 24 §6 of the Rules of Court, that the case should be dealt with by a Chamber constituted within one of the Sections of the Court. Subsequently, the President of the Court assigned the case to the Second Section. The Chamber constituted within the Section included ex officio Mr L. Wildhaber, the judge elected in respect of Switzerland (Article 27 § 2 of the Convention and Rule 26 § 1 (a) of the Rules of Court), and Mr M. Fischbach, Mr B. Conforti, Mr G. Bonello, Mrs V. Strážnická, Mr P. Lorenzen and Mrs M. Tsatsa-Nikolovska (Rule 26 § 1 (b)).

On 29 April 1999 the President invited the parties to submit memorials in the case (Rule 59 § 3). The applicant was further invited to submit his claim for just satisfaction under Article 41 of the Convention (Rule 60 § 1). The applicant filed his reply on 31 May 1999. The Government replied on 29 June 1999. The Austrian Government were invited on 7 February 2000 to state whether they wished to intervene in accordance with Article 36 of the Convention and Rule 61 of the Rules of Court. By letter of 25 February 2000 they replied that they did not wish to do so.

AS TO THE FACTS

The applicant is an Austrian citizen, born in 1946 and resident in Graz in Austria. He resided in Switzerland from 1979-1984, working as a lorry driver and paying contributions to the Swiss social security insurance.

In 1983 the applicant suffered an injury and became partly disabled. On 7 November 1985 he requested pension benefits from the Swiss Invalidity Insurance (Invalidenversicherung). As a result, the Invalidity Insurance Commission (Invalidenversicherungs-Kommission) was called upon to examine the case and the Swiss Compensation Office (Schweizerische Ausgleichskasse) to decide it. Based on ten medical reports issued between 1983 and 1987, the Compensation Office dismissed the applicant's request on 23 December 1987, as he was only partly hindered in exercising his profession as a lorry driver.

On 28 January 1988 the applicant filed an appeal against this decision with the Federal Appeals Commission for Old Age, Survivors and Invalidity Insurance (Eidgenössische Rekurskommission für die Alters-, Hinterlassenen- und Invalidenversicherung), which, on 25 October 1988, considered that the previous decision was contradictory in respect of the applicant's ability to work. It upheld the applicant's appeal and referred the case back to the Compensation Office for renewed examination.

Proceedings were resumed before the Compensation Office which obtained various medical opinions and other information. In 1989, various reports were filed by Austrian experts. Thus, on 20 January 1989 Dr. R., an internist, submitted a medical report. On 14 February 1989 Dr. W. replied to a medical questionnaire. The orthopaedist Dr. P. presented a report on 23 February 1989. A neurologist, Professor O., submitted a report on 26 May 1989. A second report was prepared by Dr. R. on 31 August 1989. The psychologist Dr. T. filed a report on 5 September 1989. A second report was filed by Dr. W. on 19 September 1989. Dr. P. submitted a second report on 16 October 1989. The radiologist Dr. G. transmitted his report on 31 October 1989. Finally, Dr. W. submitted his third report on 14 December 1989. On 7 February 1990 the Austrian orthopaedist Dr. L.-K. submitted another report. Meanwhile, in a letter dated 11 December 1989 the applicant requested the Austrian authorities to undertake a most thorough examination of his case by means of a further medical expert.

Based on these various reports, Dr. M.-L., a Swiss specialist in labour medicine, submitted a report on 27 April 1990 in which he concluded that the applicant was not hindered in exercising his former profession as a lorry driver. Dr. S., a doctor employed by the Swiss Compensation Office, submitted a report on 16 June 1990 in which he agreed with Dr. M.-L.'s conclusions, while determining the applicant's ability to work as a lorry driver at 80 %, and at 100 % for other professions.

The Invalidity Insurance Commission considered in its proposal of 19 July 1990 that the applicant had not sufficiently demonstrated his invalidity. The applicant was given the opportunity to reply thereto.

Dr. S., who had meanwhile filed two further reports on 29 May and 16 June 1990, requested in a report of 4 November 1990 a further examination of the applicant which took place in Zurich on 23 May 1991. The Swiss orthopaedist Dr. Sta. filed a report on 28 November 1991 in which he concluded that the applicant was unable to work as a lorry driver, though he could be expected to work up to 50 % in certain other professions. Meanwhile, the Austrian orthopaedist Dr. L.-K. submitted a second report on 27 June 1991. In 1992 Dr. S., employed by the Compensation Office, submitted three reports: In his report of 25 January 1992, he disagreed with the conclusion that the applicant could not be expected to work at all. A report of 11 June 1992, complemented a previous report. Finally, in his report of 9 July 1992, he replied to a further question put to him by the Invalidity Insurance Commission.

Further information was submitted by the Austrian pension authorities on 29 April and 4 September 1992, in particular that the applicant had not paid certain social security contributions in Austria in 1984 and 1985.

On 30 October 1992 the applicant was issued a preliminary decision (Vorbescheid) according to which he had not been insured when the injury had occurred for which reason a formal condition for granting an invalidity pension had not been met. The applicant was granted a time-limit of 30 days to reply. Following the applicant's request for a prolongation of one month, his submissions in reply were filed on 4 January 1993.

On 7 April 1993 the Compensation Office dismissed the applicant's request for pension benefits as he had not been insured at the time concerned. On 10 May 1993 he filed an appeal against this decision which was dismissed by the Federal Appeals Commission for Old Age, Survivors and Invalidity Insurance on 21 February 1994.

On 5 April 1994 the applicant filed an administrative law appeal in which he stated, inter alia: “It is surprising that the authorities required nearly 10 years to determine that (the applicant) had lacked the quality of an insured person on 7 April 1984. At least the Federal Appeals Commission determined in § 4 of its decision that there was an invalidity. Now we are faced with the situation that an invalid person has been held off for nearly ten years and has been called to submit to examinations, although he is apparently not even insured. The decision of 23 December 1987 refused to grant a pension on the grounds that there was no invalidity, without even dealing with the allegedly missing insurance quality. The conduct of the authorities, and in particular the result of this conduct, breaches good faith and must be described as arbitrary. ... The fact that the applicant has been refused status as an insured person ten years after it was allegedly found missing amounts to a breach of good faith, it is arbitrary and breaches the principle of equality emanating from Section 4 of the Federal Constitution.”

The administrative law appeal was dismissed on 18 November 1994 by the Federal Insurance Court (Eidgenössisches Versicherungsgericht), the decision being served on 25 November 1994. PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COMMISSION

The applicant applied to the Commission on 13 April 1995, complaining under Article 6 § 1 about the length of social security proceedings.

The Commission declared the application admissible on 16 April 1998. In its report of 21 October 1998 (former Article 31), it expressed the unanimous opinion that there had been a violation of Article 6 § 1.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e1
001-58526_a8_em1
DEM
NO_MASK
Austrian
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e2
001-58526_a8_em2
PERSON
DIRECT
Erich Kiefer
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001-58526_a8_e3
001-58526_a8_em3
DATETIME
QUASI
30 December 1998
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001-58526_a8_e4
001-58526_a8_em4
CODE
DIRECT
27353/95
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e5
001-58526_a8_em5
ORG
NO_MASK
Switzerland
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001-58526_a8_e6
001-58526_a8_em6
DATETIME
QUASI
13 April 1995
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001-58526_a8_e7
001-58526_a8_em7
PERSON
QUASI
Mr B. Gachnang
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001-58526_a8_e8
001-58526_a8_em8
LOC
NO_MASK
Lucerne
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001-58526_a8_e5
001-58526_a8_em9
LOC
NO_MASK
Switzerland
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e9
001-58526_a8_em10
ORG
NO_MASK
Swiss Government
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001-58526_a8_e10
001-58526_a8_em11
PERSON
QUASI
Mr Ph. Boillat
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001-58526_a8_e11
001-58526_a8_em12
DATETIME
QUASI
31 March 1999
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001-58526_a8_e12
001-58526_a8_em13
ORG
NO_MASK
Panel of the Grand Chamber
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001-58526_a8_e13
001-58526_a8_em14
PERSON
NO_MASK
Mr L. Wildhaber
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001-58526_a8_e5
001-58526_a8_em15
ORG
NO_MASK
Switzerland
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001-58526_a8_e14
001-58526_a8_em16
PERSON
QUASI
Mr M. Fischbach
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001-58526_a8_e15
001-58526_a8_em17
PERSON
QUASI
Mr B. Conforti
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001-58526_a8_e16
001-58526_a8_em18
PERSON
QUASI
Mr G. Bonello
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001-58526_a8_e17
001-58526_a8_em19
PERSON
QUASI
Mrs V. Strážnická
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001-58526_a8_e18
001-58526_a8_em20
PERSON
QUASI
Mr P. Lorenzen
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001-58526_a8_e19
001-58526_a8_em21
PERSON
QUASI
Mrs M. Tsatsa-Nikolovska
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001-58526_a8_e20
001-58526_a8_em22
DATETIME
QUASI
29 April 1999
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001-58526_a8_e21
001-58526_a8_em23
DATETIME
QUASI
31 May 1999
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001-58526_a8_e22
001-58526_a8_em24
DATETIME
QUASI
29 June 1999
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e23
001-58526_a8_em25
ORG
NO_MASK
Austrian Government
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001-58526_a8_e24
001-58526_a8_em26
DATETIME
QUASI
7 February 2000
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e25
001-58526_a8_em27
DATETIME
QUASI
25 February 2000
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e1
001-58526_a8_em28
DEM
NO_MASK
Austrian
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e26
001-58526_a8_em29
DATETIME
QUASI
1946
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e27
001-58526_a8_em30
LOC
QUASI
Graz
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e28
001-58526_a8_em31
LOC
QUASI
Austria
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e5
001-58526_a8_em32
LOC
NO_MASK
Switzerland
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e29
001-58526_a8_em33
DATETIME
QUASI
1979-1984
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e30
001-58526_a8_em34
DEM
QUASI
lorry driver
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e31
001-58526_a8_em35
DATETIME
QUASI
1983
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e32
001-58526_a8_em36
DATETIME
QUASI
7 November 1985
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e33
001-58526_a8_em37
ORG
NO_MASK
Swiss Invalidity Insurance (Invalidenversicherung)
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e34
001-58526_a8_em38
ORG
NO_MASK
Invalidity Insurance Commission (Invalidenversicherungs-Kommission)
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e35
001-58526_a8_em39
ORG
NO_MASK
Swiss Compensation Office (Schweizerische Ausgleichskasse)
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e31
001-58526_a8_em40
DATETIME
QUASI
1983
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e36
001-58526_a8_em41
DATETIME
QUASI
1987
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e37
001-58526_a8_em42
ORG
NO_MASK
Compensation Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e38
001-58526_a8_em43
DATETIME
QUASI
23 December 1987
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e30
001-58526_a8_em44
DEM
QUASI
lorry driver
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e39
001-58526_a8_em45
DATETIME
QUASI
28 January 1988
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e40
001-58526_a8_em46
ORG
NO_MASK
Federal Appeals Commission for Old Age, Survivors and Invalidity Insurance (Eidgenössische Rekurskommission für die Alters-, Hinterlassenen- und Invalidenversicherung)
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e41
001-58526_a8_em47
DATETIME
QUASI
25 October 1988
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e37
001-58526_a8_em48
ORG
NO_MASK
Compensation Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e37
001-58526_a8_em49
ORG
NO_MASK
Compensation Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e42
001-58526_a8_em50
DATETIME
QUASI
1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e1
001-58526_a8_em51
DEM
NO_MASK
Austrian
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e43
001-58526_a8_em52
DATETIME
QUASI
20 January 1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e44
001-58526_a8_em53
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. R.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e45
001-58526_a8_em54
DATETIME
QUASI
14 February 1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e46
001-58526_a8_em55
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. W.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e47
001-58526_a8_em56
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. P.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e48
001-58526_a8_em57
DATETIME
QUASI
23 February 1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e49
001-58526_a8_em58
PERSON
QUASI
O.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e50
001-58526_a8_em59
DATETIME
QUASI
26 May 1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e44
001-58526_a8_em60
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. R.
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001-58526_a8_e51
001-58526_a8_em61
DATETIME
QUASI
31 August 1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e52
001-58526_a8_em62
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. T.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e53
001-58526_a8_em63
DATETIME
QUASI
5 September 1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e46
001-58526_a8_em64
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. W.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e54
001-58526_a8_em65
DATETIME
QUASI
19 September 1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e47
001-58526_a8_em66
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. P.
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001-58526_a8_e55
001-58526_a8_em67
DATETIME
QUASI
16 October 1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e56
001-58526_a8_em68
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. G.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e57
001-58526_a8_em69
DATETIME
QUASI
31 October 1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e46
001-58526_a8_em70
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. W.
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001-58526_a8_e58
001-58526_a8_em71
DATETIME
QUASI
14 December 1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e59
001-58526_a8_em72
DATETIME
QUASI
7 February 1990
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e1
001-58526_a8_em73
DEM
NO_MASK
Austrian
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e60
001-58526_a8_em74
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. L.-K.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e61
001-58526_a8_em75
DATETIME
QUASI
11 December 1989
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e1
001-58526_a8_em76
DEM
NO_MASK
Austrian
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e62
001-58526_a8_em77
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. M.-L.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e63
001-58526_a8_em78
DATETIME
QUASI
27 April 1990
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e30
001-58526_a8_em79
DEM
QUASI
lorry driver
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e64
001-58526_a8_em80
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. S.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e65
001-58526_a8_em81
DATETIME
QUASI
16 June 1990
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e62
001-58526_a8_em82
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. M.-L.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e30
001-58526_a8_em83
DEM
QUASI
lorry driver
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e66
001-58526_a8_em84
QUANTITY
NO_MASK
80 %
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e67
001-58526_a8_em85
QUANTITY
NO_MASK
100 %
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e68
001-58526_a8_em86
DATETIME
QUASI
19 July 1990
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e64
001-58526_a8_em87
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. S.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e69
001-58526_a8_em88
DATETIME
QUASI
29 May
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e65
001-58526_a8_em89
DATETIME
QUASI
16 June 1990
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e70
001-58526_a8_em90
DATETIME
QUASI
4 November 1990
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e71
001-58526_a8_em91
LOC
QUASI
Zurich
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e72
001-58526_a8_em92
DATETIME
QUASI
23 May 1991
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e73
001-58526_a8_em93
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. Sta
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e74
001-58526_a8_em94
DATETIME
QUASI
28 November 1991
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e30
001-58526_a8_em95
DEM
QUASI
lorry driver
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e75
001-58526_a8_em96
QUANTITY
NO_MASK
50 %
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e1
001-58526_a8_em97
DEM
NO_MASK
Austrian
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e60
001-58526_a8_em98
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. L.-K.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e76
001-58526_a8_em99
DATETIME
QUASI
27 June 1991
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e77
001-58526_a8_em100
DATETIME
QUASI
1992
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e64
001-58526_a8_em101
PERSON
QUASI
Dr. S.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e37
001-58526_a8_em102
ORG
NO_MASK
Compensation Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e78
001-58526_a8_em103
DATETIME
QUASI
25 January 1992
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e79
001-58526_a8_em104
DATETIME
QUASI
11 June 1992
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e80
001-58526_a8_em105
DATETIME
QUASI
9 July 1992
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e1
001-58526_a8_em106
DEM
NO_MASK
Austrian
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e81
001-58526_a8_em107
DATETIME
QUASI
29 April and 4 September 1992
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e82
001-58526_a8_em108
ORG
NO_MASK
social security
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e28
001-58526_a8_em109
LOC
QUASI
Austria
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e83
001-58526_a8_em110
DATETIME
QUASI
1984
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e84
001-58526_a8_em111
DATETIME
QUASI
1985
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e85
001-58526_a8_em112
DATETIME
QUASI
30 October 1992
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e86
001-58526_a8_em113
DATETIME
NO_MASK
30 days
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e87
001-58526_a8_em114
DATETIME
NO_MASK
one month
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e88
001-58526_a8_em115
DATETIME
QUASI
4 January 1993
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e89
001-58526_a8_em116
DATETIME
QUASI
7 April 1993
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e37
001-58526_a8_em117
ORG
NO_MASK
Compensation Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e90
001-58526_a8_em118
DATETIME
QUASI
10 May 1993
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e91
001-58526_a8_em119
ORG
NO_MASK
Federal Appeals Commission for Old Age, Survivors and Invalidity Insurance
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e92
001-58526_a8_em120
DATETIME
QUASI
21 February 1994
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-58526_a8_e93
001-58526_a8_em121
DATETIME
QUASI
5 April 1994
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e94
001-58526_a8_em122
DATETIME
NO_MASK
10 years
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e95
001-58526_a8_em123
DATETIME
QUASI
7 April 1984
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e96
001-58526_a8_em124
DATETIME
NO_MASK
ten years
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e38
001-58526_a8_em125
DATETIME
QUASI
23 December 1987
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e96
001-58526_a8_em126
DATETIME
NO_MASK
ten years
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e97
001-58526_a8_em127
DATETIME
QUASI
18 November 1994
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-58526_a8_e98
001-58526_a8_em128
ORG
NO_MASK
Federal Insurance Court (Eidgenössisches Versicherungsgericht)
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e99
001-58526_a8_em129
DATETIME
QUASI
25 November 1994
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e6
001-58526_a8_em130
DATETIME
QUASI
13 April 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e100
001-58526_a8_em131
DATETIME
QUASI
16 April 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-58526_a8_e101
001-58526_a8_em132
DATETIME
QUASI
21 October 1998
Erich Kiefer
CHE
CHAMBER
Task: Annotate the document to anonymise the following person: Erich Kiefer