PROCEDURE

The case originated in an application (no. 48539/99) against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) by a United Kingdom national, Mr Richard Roy Allan (“the applicant”), on 20 January 1999.

The applicant, who had been granted legal aid, was represented before the Court by Mr R. Turnberg, a lawyer practising in Manchester. The United Kingdom Government (“the Government”) were represented by their Agent, Mr C. Whomersley, of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office.

The applicant complained of the use of covert audio and video surveillance within his cell, the prison visiting area and upon a fellow prisoner and of the use of materials gained by these means at his trial for murder. He relied on Articles 6, 8 and 13 of the Convention.

The application was allocated to the Fourth Section of the Court (Rule 52 § 1 of the Rules of Court). Within that Section, the Chamber that would consider the case (Article 27 § 1 of the Convention) was constituted as provided in Rule 26 § 1.

By a decision of 28 August 2001, the Chamber declared the application partly admissible.

On 1 November 2001 the Court changed the composition of its Sections (Rule 25 § 1). This case was assigned to the newly composed Fourth Section (Rule 52 § 1).

The applicant and the Government each filed observations on the merits (Rule 59 § 1). The Chamber decided, after consulting the parties, that no hearing on the merits was required (Rule 59 § 2 in fine). The parties replied in writing to each other's observations.

THE FACTS

I. THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE

On 3 February 1995 Mr David Beesley, store manager, was shot dead in the manager's office of a Kwik-Save supermarket in Greater Manchester.

On 18 February 1995 the applicant and another man, by the name of Leroy Grant, were arrested on suspicion of having committed a robbery at the Late Saver shop, Cheadle. At the time, they were in possession of an 8-mm Beretta replica handgun. Charged in connection with this offence, Mr Grant admitted to the offence and several other late-night shop robberies. The applicant denied involvement in any of the offences. On or about 20 February 1995 an anonymous informant told the police that the applicant had been involved in the murder of David Beesley.

On 20 February 1995 the applicant and Leroy Grant appeared in custody at the Stockport Magistrates' Court and were further remanded in custody to reappear on 23 February 1995. On 20 February 1995 Detective Chief Inspector Dunn requested permission for the cell and the visiting areas used by the applicant and Leroy Grant to be bugged with audio and video technology, alleging that all regular methods of investigation to identify David Beesley's murderer had failed. The Chief Constable of the Greater Manchester Police granted authority on the same day for an unlimited period for both the police stations at Stockport and Cheadle Hulme. On 13 March 1995 similar authority was sought and obtained for the installation of a listening device with video system to be placed in the visiting area of Stretford police station, where the applicant was then held.

On 8 March 1995 the applicant was arrested for the murder and questioned. In the interviews with the police which followed, the police told the applicant that he was not obliged to say anything. He availed himself of that right.

During this time visits to the applicant by his female friend, J.N.S, were recorded on audio and videotape in the prison visiting area between 12 and 28 March 1995. The applicant and Leroy Grant were held for long periods in the same cell and recordings of their conversations were made from 20 February to 12 March 1995.

On 23 March 1995 H. was brought to Stretford police station. H. was a long-standing police informant with a criminal record who had been arrested on 21 March 1995 for unrelated offences. He was placed in the applicant's cell for the purpose of eliciting information from the applicant. As asserted by the applicant, H. had every incentive to inform on him. Telephone conversations between H. and the police included comments by the police instructing H. to “push him for what you can” and disclosed evidence of concerted police coaching. After 20 April 1995 he associated regularly with the applicant who was remanded at Strangeways Prison.

On 28 June 1995 the applicant was taken away from the prison to be interviewed by the police concerning the Kwik-Save robbery. He was attended and advised by his solicitor. During the course of the interview, the applicant was invited to comment on the recordings made in February and March 1995. He made no comment to any question. According to the applicant, he was interrogated at length by the police in an attempt to “rattle” or unsettle him, such that he would be more talkative and vulnerable to H. upon his return to the prison. H. had been fitted with recording devices. The recording thereby obtained was adduced in evidence at the applicant's trial.

The applicant was interviewed again in the presence of his solicitor on 29 June and 26 July 1995 and remained silent when faced with the allegations.

On 25 July 1995 H. made a 59- to 60-page witness statement detailing his conversations with the applicant and was released on bail on 4 August 1995. His sentence was postponed until after he had given evidence at the applicant's trial. The high point of H.'s evidence was the assertion that the applicant had admitted his presence at the murder scene. This asserted admission was not part of the recorded interview and was disputed. The thrust of the applicant's case was that he was discussing robberies and did not accede to H.'s efforts to channel their conversation into a discussion of the murder. The audio- and video-recordings (or transcripts thereof) were utilised in the trial of the applicant. No evidence, other than the alleged admissions, connected the applicant with the killing of Mr Beesley.

In January 1998 the applicant's trial on one count of murder and a count of conspiracy to rob began before a jury. He was represented by leading counsel.

During his trial, the applicant's counsel challenged the admissibility of extracts from covert audio- and video-recordings of conversations of the applicant with Leroy Grant and J.N.S., under sections 76 and 78 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE). The judge concluded that there was evidence on the tapes from which the jury could infer that the applicant was involved in the events of 3 February 1995, and it was not so unreliable that it could not be left to the jury to assess for themselves. The judge also rejected the applicant's counsel's arguments under sections 76 and 78 of PACE that the evidence from H. was obtained by oppression or by such impropriety as to render it inadmissible. He considered that the use of an informant to talk and listen to the accused over a substantial period of time did not result in any unfairness to the accused. The fact that H. might be considered as having much to gain in giving evidence was also a matter to be left to the jury in their assessment of the reliability of his evidence. The evidence was accordingly admitted before the jury. The judge's ruling on the admissibility of the evidence was given on 26 January 1998, after a voir dire (submissions on a point of law in the absence of a jury) and consisted of a judgment of eighteen pages.

In his summing-up to the jury on 10 and 11 February 1998, the trial judge gave directions on the way in which the jury should assess the reliability of the disputed evidence. He told them that they were to judge whether the police had deliberately wound up the applicant during the interview on 28 June 1995 and how to approach the evidence put forward by H.: “So at the end of the day with regard to H. you have his evidence about the conversations that he had with [the applicant] and what [the applicant] said. You have the tape recordings of the conversations on 28 June when H. had been wired up, between [the applicant] and H., and you have the transcripts of the conversations between H. and the police. I suggest ... that you approach the evidence of H. with the very greatest caution and care. He is a professional criminal. He behaved, and has behaved as he acknowledged, dishonestly and criminally for years. He saw the likelihood of advantage to himself, both in terms of bail and in the sentence that he was likely to receive. You have heard that he has not yet been sentenced on matters for which he was in custody in early 1995. The defence say if you consider the whole picture you simply cannot rely upon H.; quite unsafe to do so. The prosecution say the contents of the tapes of 28 June can be relied on and are consistent with what H. says [the applicant] had said to him previously, before he, H., was wired up. Of course tapes of ... conversations cannot possibly constitute any independent confirmation of what H. says about what [the applicant] had said to him previously, because, and you will understand the logic of that, the information is all coming from one source, namely H. and the witness cannot strengthen his own evidence essentially by repetition. So, ladies and gentlemen, at the end of the day how do you regard H.? Was he or may he have been lying, or are you sure that he was telling the truth? If you are sure, for example, in relation to things said on the tapes of 28 June or other aspects of H.'s evidence that his evidence is true, that [the applicant] did say a number of things, what do those things mean? Do they point to his guilt, to his presence at Kwik-Save on 3 February 1995, or are they capable of meaning something else? ...”

The judge also directed the jury concerning the possible drawing of inferences from the applicant's silence in police interview on 28 and 29 June and 26 July 1995, pursuant to section 34 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994. He reminded the jury that the defence had contended that the applicant's silence had been adopted on legal advice because of the view that oppressive interrogation techniques were being used.

On 17 February 1998, after the jury had deliberated for a total of twenty-one and a half hours, the applicant was convicted of murder before the Crown Court at Manchester by a majority of ten to two and sentenced to life imprisonment. The applicant thereafter lodged a notice of appeal, asserting, inter alia, that the judge ought to have excluded evidence of the audio- and video-recordings of his conversations with Leroy Grant and J.N.S. and the evidence put forward by H. He also argued that the judge had erred in his directions as to the circumstances in which the jury could draw inferences from the applicant's failure to respond to police questions in interviews of 28 and 29 June, when the police strategy was to “spook” the applicant into a state of garrulousness when he returned to prison, where he had a conversation with H.

On 31 July 1998 he was refused leave to appeal against his conviction by a single judge. His renewed application was refused by the Court of Appeal (Criminal Division) on 18 January 1999, after a hearing at which he was represented by leading counsel. In the court's judgment of that date, Lord Justice Rose found that the trial judge gave a very careful and impeccable ruling as regards the admissibility of the tapes and evidence put forward by H. and that he had considered all the matters which he should have considered and had not considered any matter which he ought not to have considered. There was no basis for holding that the exercise of his discretion had been so flawed that the Court of Appeal should intervene. In so far as the applicant complained that the judge should have warned the jury not to take into account the applicant's failure to answer police questioning in the light of the police strategy to “spook” him, Lord Justice Rose found that the judge had given an entirely appropriate direction to the jury in the circumstances of the case.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e1
001-60713_a11_em1
CODE
DIRECT
48539/99
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e2
001-60713_a11_em2
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e2
001-60713_a11_em3
ORG
NO_MASK
001-60713_a11_em2
United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e3
001-60713_a11_em4
PERSON
DIRECT
Mr Richard Roy Allan
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001-60713_a11_e4
001-60713_a11_em5
DATETIME
QUASI
20 January 1999
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001-60713_a11_e5
001-60713_a11_em6
PERSON
QUASI
Mr R. Turnberg
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001-60713_a11_e6
001-60713_a11_em7
LOC
QUASI
Manchester
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e2
001-60713_a11_em8
ORG
NO_MASK
001-60713_a11_em2
United Kingdom Government
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e2
001-60713_a11_em9
ORG
NO_MASK
001-60713_a11_em2
Government
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e7
001-60713_a11_em10
PERSON
QUASI
Mr C. Whomersley
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e8
001-60713_a11_em11
ORG
NO_MASK
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e9
001-60713_a11_em12
DATETIME
QUASI
28 August 2001
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e2
001-60713_a11_em13
ORG
NO_MASK
Government
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e10
001-60713_a11_em14
DATETIME
QUASI
3 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e11
001-60713_a11_em15
PERSON
QUASI
Mr David Beesley
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e12
001-60713_a11_em16
DEM
NO_MASK
store manager
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e13
001-60713_a11_em17
MISC
QUASI
Kwik-Save supermarket
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-60713_a11_e14
001-60713_a11_em18
LOC
QUASI
Greater Manchester
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e15
001-60713_a11_em19
DATETIME
QUASI
18 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e16
001-60713_a11_em20
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e17
001-60713_a11_em21
MISC
QUASI
Late Saver shop
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-60713_a11_e18
001-60713_a11_em22
LOC
QUASI
Cheadle
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e19
001-60713_a11_em23
MISC
QUASI
8-mm Beretta replica handgun
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e16
001-60713_a11_em24
PERSON
QUASI
001-60713_a11_em20
Mr Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e20
001-60713_a11_em25
DATETIME
NO_MASK
late-night
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e21
001-60713_a11_em26
DATETIME
QUASI
20 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e11
001-60713_a11_em27
PERSON
QUASI
001-60713_a11_em15
David Beesley
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001-60713_a11_e21
001-60713_a11_em28
DATETIME
QUASI
20 February 1995
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001-60713_a11_e16
001-60713_a11_em29
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e22
001-60713_a11_em30
ORG
NO_MASK
Stockport Magistrates' Court
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e23
001-60713_a11_em31
DATETIME
QUASI
23 February 1995
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001-60713_a11_e21
001-60713_a11_em32
DATETIME
QUASI
20 February 1995
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001-60713_a11_e24
001-60713_a11_em33
PERSON
QUASI
Dunn
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001-60713_a11_e16
001-60713_a11_em34
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e11
001-60713_a11_em35
PERSON
QUASI
David Beesley
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001-60713_a11_e25
001-60713_a11_em36
PERSON
NO_MASK
Chief Constable
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001-60713_a11_e26
001-60713_a11_em37
ORG
QUASI
Greater Manchester Police
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e27
001-60713_a11_em38
LOC
QUASI
Stockport
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-60713_a11_e28
001-60713_a11_em39
LOC
QUASI
Cheadle Hulme
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e29
001-60713_a11_em40
DATETIME
QUASI
13 March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e30
001-60713_a11_em41
LOC
QUASI
Stretford police station
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001-60713_a11_e31
001-60713_a11_em42
DATETIME
QUASI
8 March 1995
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001-60713_a11_e32
001-60713_a11_em43
PERSON
NO_MASK
J.N.S
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e33
001-60713_a11_em44
DATETIME
QUASI
12 and 28 March 1995
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001-60713_a11_e16
001-60713_a11_em45
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
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001-60713_a11_e34
001-60713_a11_em46
DATETIME
QUASI
20 February to 12 March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e35
001-60713_a11_em47
DATETIME
QUASI
23 March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em48
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e30
001-60713_a11_em49
LOC
QUASI
Stretford police station
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em50
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e37
001-60713_a11_em51
DEM
NO_MASK
police informant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e38
001-60713_a11_em52
DATETIME
QUASI
21 March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em53
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em54
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em55
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e39
001-60713_a11_em56
DATETIME
QUASI
20 April 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e40
001-60713_a11_em57
LOC
QUASI
Strangeways Prison
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001-60713_a11_e41
001-60713_a11_em58
DATETIME
QUASI
28 June 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e42
001-60713_a11_em59
MISC
QUASI
Kwik-Save robbery
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e43
001-60713_a11_em60
DATETIME
NO_MASK
February
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e44
001-60713_a11_em61
DATETIME
QUASI
March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em62
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em63
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e45
001-60713_a11_em64
DATETIME
NO_MASK
29 June
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001-60713_a11_e46
001-60713_a11_em65
DATETIME
QUASI
26 July 1995
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001-60713_a11_e47
001-60713_a11_em66
DATETIME
QUASI
25 July 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em67
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e48
001-60713_a11_em68
QUANTITY
NO_MASK
59- to 60-page
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001-60713_a11_e49
001-60713_a11_em69
DATETIME
QUASI
4 August 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em70
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em71
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e11
001-60713_a11_em72
PERSON
QUASI
001-60713_a11_em15
Mr Beesley
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001-60713_a11_e50
001-60713_a11_em73
DATETIME
QUASI
January 1998
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001-60713_a11_e16
001-60713_a11_em74
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e51
001-60713_a11_em75
PERSON
NO_MASK
J.N.S.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e52
001-60713_a11_em76
DATETIME
NO_MASK
1984
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e10
001-60713_a11_em77
DATETIME
QUASI
3 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em78
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em79
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e53
001-60713_a11_em80
DATETIME
QUASI
26 January 1998
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001-60713_a11_e54
001-60713_a11_em81
DATETIME
QUASI
10 and 11 February 1998
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001-60713_a11_em82
DATETIME
QUASI
28 June 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em83
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e55
001-60713_a11_em84
DATETIME
NO_MASK
end of the day
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em85
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e56
001-60713_a11_em86
DATETIME
NO_MASK
28 June
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em87
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em88
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em89
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em90
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e57
001-60713_a11_em91
DATETIME
NO_MASK
years
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e58
001-60713_a11_em92
DATETIME
NO_MASK
early 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em93
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e56
001-60713_a11_em94
DATETIME
NO_MASK
28 June
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em95
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em96
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em97
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em98
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em99
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e56
001-60713_a11_em100
DATETIME
NO_MASK
28 June
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em101
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-60713_a11_e59
001-60713_a11_em102
MISC
QUASI
Kwik-Save
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e10
001-60713_a11_em103
DATETIME
QUASI
3 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e60
001-60713_a11_em104
DATETIME
NO_MASK
28 and 29 June
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e46
001-60713_a11_em105
DATETIME
QUASI
26 July 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e61
001-60713_a11_em106
DATETIME
QUASI
17 February 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e62
001-60713_a11_em107
ORG
NO_MASK
Crown Court
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e6
001-60713_a11_em108
LOC
QUASI
Manchester
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
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001-60713_a11_e16
001-60713_a11_em109
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e51
001-60713_a11_em110
PERSON
NO_MASK
J.N.S.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em111
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e60
001-60713_a11_em112
DATETIME
NO_MASK
28 and 29 June
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em113
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e63
001-60713_a11_em114
DATETIME
QUASI
31 July 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e64
001-60713_a11_em115
DATETIME
QUASI
18 January 1999
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a11_e65
001-60713_a11_em116
PERSON
NO_MASK
Rose
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e36
001-60713_a11_em117
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a11_e65
001-60713_a11_em118
PERSON
NO_MASK
Rose
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e1
001-60713_a7_em1
CODE
DIRECT
48539/99
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e2
001-60713_a7_em2
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e3
001-60713_a7_em3
ORG
QUASI
United Kingdom
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e4
001-60713_a7_em4
PERSON
DIRECT
Mr Richard Roy Allan
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e5
001-60713_a7_em5
DATETIME
QUASI
20 January 1999
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e6
001-60713_a7_em6
PERSON
QUASI
Mr R. Turnberg
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e7
001-60713_a7_em7
LOC
QUASI
Manchester
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e8
001-60713_a7_em8
ORG
NO_MASK
United Kingdom Government
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e9
001-60713_a7_em9
PERSON
QUASI
Mr C. Whomersley
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e10
001-60713_a7_em10
ORG
NO_MASK
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e11
001-60713_a7_em11
DATETIME
QUASI
28 August 2001
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e12
001-60713_a7_em12
DATETIME
QUASI
3 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e13
001-60713_a7_em13
PERSON
QUASI
Mr David Beesley
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e14
001-60713_a7_em14
DEM
QUASI
store manager
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e15
001-60713_a7_em15
ORG
QUASI
Kwik-Save supermarket
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-60713_a7_e16
001-60713_a7_em16
LOC
QUASI
Greater Manchester
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e17
001-60713_a7_em17
DATETIME
QUASI
18 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e18
001-60713_a7_em18
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e19
001-60713_a7_em19
ORG
QUASI
Late Saver shop
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e20
001-60713_a7_em20
LOC
QUASI
Cheadle
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e21
001-60713_a7_em21
MISC
NO_MASK
8-mm Beretta replica handgun
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e18
001-60713_a7_em22
PERSON
QUASI
001-60713_a7_em18
Mr Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e22
001-60713_a7_em23
DATETIME
QUASI
20 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e13
001-60713_a7_em24
PERSON
QUASI
001-60713_a7_em13
David Beesley
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e22
001-60713_a7_em25
DATETIME
QUASI
20 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e18
001-60713_a7_em26
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e23
001-60713_a7_em27
ORG
QUASI
Stockport Magistrates' Court
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e24
001-60713_a7_em28
DATETIME
QUASI
23 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e22
001-60713_a7_em29
DATETIME
QUASI
20 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e25
001-60713_a7_em30
PERSON
QUASI
Detective Chief Inspector Dunn
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e18
001-60713_a7_em31
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e13
001-60713_a7_em32
PERSON
QUASI
David Beesley
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e26
001-60713_a7_em33
PERSON
QUASI
Chief Constable of the Greater Manchester Police
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e27
001-60713_a7_em34
LOC
QUASI
Stockport
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-60713_a7_e28
001-60713_a7_em35
LOC
QUASI
Cheadle Hulme
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e29
001-60713_a7_em36
DATETIME
QUASI
13 March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e30
001-60713_a7_em37
LOC
QUASI
Stretford police station
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e31
001-60713_a7_em38
DATETIME
QUASI
8 March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e32
001-60713_a7_em39
PERSON
QUASI
J.N.S
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-60713_a7_e33
001-60713_a7_em40
DATETIME
QUASI
between 12 and 28 March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e18
001-60713_a7_em41
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e34
001-60713_a7_em42
DATETIME
QUASI
20 February to 12 March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e35
001-60713_a7_em43
DATETIME
QUASI
23 March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em44
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e30
001-60713_a7_em45
LOC
QUASI
Stretford police station
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em46
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e37
001-60713_a7_em47
DATETIME
QUASI
21 March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em48
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em49
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em50
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e38
001-60713_a7_em51
DATETIME
QUASI
20 April 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
correct
001-60713_a7_e39
001-60713_a7_em52
ORG
QUASI
Strangeways Prison
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e40
001-60713_a7_em53
DATETIME
QUASI
28 June 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e15
001-60713_a7_em54
ORG
QUASI
001-60713_a7_em15
Kwik-Save
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e41
001-60713_a7_em55
DATETIME
QUASI
February and March 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em56
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em57
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e42
001-60713_a7_em58
DATETIME
QUASI
29 June and 26 July 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e43
001-60713_a7_em59
DATETIME
QUASI
25 July 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em60
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e44
001-60713_a7_em61
QUANTITY
QUASI
59- to 60-page
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e45
001-60713_a7_em62
DATETIME
QUASI
4 August 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em63
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em64
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e13
001-60713_a7_em65
PERSON
QUASI
001-60713_a7_em13
Mr Beesley
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e46
001-60713_a7_em66
DATETIME
QUASI
January 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e18
001-60713_a7_em67
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e47
001-60713_a7_em68
PERSON
QUASI
J.N.S.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e12
001-60713_a7_em69
DATETIME
QUASI
3 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em70
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em71
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e48
001-60713_a7_em72
DATETIME
QUASI
26 January 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e49
001-60713_a7_em73
QUANTITY
QUASI
eighteen pages
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e50
001-60713_a7_em74
DATETIME
QUASI
10 and 11 February 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e40
001-60713_a7_em75
DATETIME
QUASI
28 June 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em76
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em77
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e51
001-60713_a7_em78
DATETIME
QUASI
28 June
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em79
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em80
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em81
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em82
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e52
001-60713_a7_em83
DATETIME
QUASI
early 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em84
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e51
001-60713_a7_em85
DATETIME
QUASI
28 June
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em86
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em87
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em88
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em89
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em90
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e51
001-60713_a7_em91
DATETIME
QUASI
28 June
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em92
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e15
001-60713_a7_em93
ORG
QUASI
Kwik-Save
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e12
001-60713_a7_em94
DATETIME
QUASI
3 February 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e53
001-60713_a7_em95
DATETIME
QUASI
28 and 29 June and 26 July 1995
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e54
001-60713_a7_em96
DATETIME
QUASI
17 February 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e55
001-60713_a7_em97
DATETIME
QUASI
twenty-one and a half hours
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e56
001-60713_a7_em98
ORG
NO_MASK
Crown Court
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e7
001-60713_a7_em99
LOC
QUASI
Manchester
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e57
001-60713_a7_em100
QUANTITY
QUASI
ten to two
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e18
001-60713_a7_em101
PERSON
QUASI
Leroy Grant
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e47
001-60713_a7_em102
PERSON
QUASI
J.N.S.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em103
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e58
001-60713_a7_em104
DATETIME
QUASI
28 and 29 June
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em105
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e59
001-60713_a7_em106
DATETIME
QUASI
31 July 1998
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e60
001-60713_a7_em107
ORG
NO_MASK
Court of Appeal (Criminal Division)
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e61
001-60713_a7_em108
DATETIME
QUASI
18 January 1999
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e62
001-60713_a7_em109
PERSON
QUASI
Lord Justice Rose
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e36
001-60713_a7_em110
PERSON
NO_MASK
H.
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
insert
001-60713_a7_e60
001-60713_a7_em111
ORG
NO_MASK
001-60713_a7_em107
Court of Appeal
NOT_CONFIDENTIAL
check
001-60713_a7_e62
001-60713_a7_em112
PERSON
QUASI
Lord Justice Rose
Richard Roy Allan
GBR
CHAMBER
Task: Annotate the document to anonymise the following person: Richard Roy Allan