The area that is present-day Slovenia was in Roman times shared between ''Venetia et Histria'' (region X of Roman Italia in the classification of Augustus) and the provinces Pannonia and Noricum. The Romans established posts at Emona (Ljubljana), Poetovio (Ptuj), and Celeia (Celje); and constructed trade and military roads that ran across Slovene territory from Italy to Pannonia. In the 5th and 6th centuries, the area was subject to invasions by the Huns and Germanic tribes during their incursions into Italy. A part of the inner state was protected with a defensive line of towers and walls called ''Claustra Alpium Iuliarum''. A crucial battle between Theodosius I and Eugenius took place in the Vipava Valley in 394.