The area controlled by the ROC consists of several islands with a combined area of . The main island, known historically as ''Formosa'', makes up 99 per cent of this area, measuring  and lying some  across the Taiwan Strait from the southeastern coast of mainland China. The East China Sea lies to its north, the Philippine Sea to its east, the Luzon Strait directly to its south and the South China Sea to its southwest. Smaller islands include the Penghu archipelago in the Taiwan Strait, the Kinmen, Matsu and Wuqiu islands near the Chinese coast, and some of the South China Sea islands.