'''Saudi Arabia''', officially the '''Kingdom of Saudi Arabia''' ('''KSA'''), is a country in Western Asia. It spans the vast majority of the Arabian Peninsula, with a land area of approximately . Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the Middle East, and the second-largest country in the Arab world. It is bordered by Jordan and Iraq to the north, Kuwait to the northeast, Qatar, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates to the east, Oman to the southeast and Yemen to the south; it is separated from Egypt and Israel in the north-west by the Gulf of Aqaba. Saudi Arabia is the only country with a coastline along both the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, and most of its terrain consists of arid desert, lowland, steppe, and mountains. Its largest and capital city is Riyadh, and the country is home to Mecca and Medina, the two holiest cities in Islam.