Italians are, famously, attached to their family, and the European economic crisis affecting their country has given them even more reason to turn to home for support. Recent research shows that a third of adult Italians – and more than 60 percent of young adults – live with their parents. Families in Greece, Spain and other parts of Europe — and even further afield — are also likely to be seeing more of each other these days.
“In these times of Europe’s public stress and crisis when the public sphere becomes unbearable, the home assumes a vital role in the life of citizens and families as a place where individuals can be nurtured,” says hospitality expert Anne Zahra. The modern market economy undervalues the home, she points out, and this is one of the chief contributors to the problems in Europe.
“The neoliberal market economy does not recognise the value of the home unless it is quantified as an economic value. And because Western society is dominated by this neoliberal market ideology, it does not properly understand the value of nurturing and therefore the value of the home.”
Dr Zahra, a senior lecturer in tourism and hospitality management at the University of Waikato (New Zealand), is the organiser of a three-day conference on this issue to be held next week in Rome. Home and Identity: The public-private nexus is a collaborative effort between her university and Roma Tre University, together with Fondazione Oikia and the Home Renaissance Foundation. The conference, following up previous work by Home Renaissance, will look at ways to bring the home and its vital social role into academic realm and public policy.
The media could also be more help. The New York Times, for instance, has no department or blog focusing on the domestic sphere as such. The home finds its place in the Fashion and Style section as half of the duo, “Home and Garden”, as though décor and family dinners were equally important. Other aspects of home are found in blogs on motherhood and ageing parents under the heading of Health, Family and Education. Home as the place where cultures and societies are made or broken is elusive.
“The home is not recognised in Government policy, in economics, in law, in media and in academic circles such as sociology and public policy,” says Dr Zahra “There is work on violence and abuse in the home but not the value of the home in positive terms. The purpose of this conference is to start discussing this in academic fields, drawing from a number of disciplines. The conference focuses on developing interdisciplinary academic debate where we can start investigating the importance of the home and its contribution and value to society.
“We will be looking at the context of the home in both the public and private spheres of society, at how the private impacts on the public and how the public shapes the perception of the private dimensions of the home.”
A keynote speaker is French sociologist Jean-Claude Kaufmann of the National Centre for Scientific Research at the University of Paris Descartes. His topic, “Home of Little Happiness”, reflects his many explorations of domestic life and questions of identity. Professor Kaufmann is the author of books on, among other things, the new trend of single woman, the meaning of cooking, and what the contents of women’s handbags reveal — in Le sac: Un petit monde d’amour.
Other speakers include Giuliana Mandich of the University of Caligari, an expert on urban sociology, who speaks on “Home boundaries, everyday cultures and capabilities”; Marita Rampazi, of the University of Pavia, on “Repositioning the boundaries: memory and plans in the homes of young women”; and Fiorenza Deriu of the University of La Sapienza, on “Being a woman in the contemporary confusion”.
This is not, however, just a conference about women and their changing role. “Definitely not,” says Dr Zahra. “It’s more looking at the philosophical, sociological and economic dimensions of the home and the role of both men and women in the home, their contribution to the home. There are a number of presentations by male academics who emphasize the role of men in the home.”
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