Chilean statesman. In 1920 he was elected President on a liberal policy, but, finding his attempts at reform blocked, he went into voluntary exile in 1924. The following year he was brought back by the army when a new constitution was adopted. He extended the suffrage, separated church and state while guaranteeing religious liberty, and made primary education compulsory. He resigned again in October 1925 and went to Italy. On his return he was re‐elected President (1932–38). He reorganized the nitrate industry, developed schools, and improved conditions in agriculture and industry.
Subjects: Contemporary History (Post 1945) — World History.