31.899 55.185 29.456 37.468 40.537 roest 1.213 senja 45.583 12.283 0.133 0.661 74.04 20.49 molokai 8.82 chagos nazca dutoit compt taitao patriat gallieni fuca geosat seasat snellius carlsberg romanche 6294
distance between south america and africa along the fracture zone
List of fracture zones - wikipedia List of fracture zones Jump to : navigation , search This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( April 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Major fractures zones of the Atlantic can be seen on this ocean depth map Fracture zones are common features in the geology of oceanic basins . Globally most fault zones are located on divergent plate boundaries on oceanic crust . This means that they are located around mid-ocean ridges and trend perpendicular to them . The term fracture zone is used almost exclusively for features on oceanic crust ; similar structures on continental crust are instead termed transform or strike slip faults , a denomination active fracture zones also can have . Some fracture zones have been created by mid-ocean ridge segments that have been subducted and may not longer exist . Contents ( hide ) 1 Pacific Ocean 1.1 Chile Rise 1.2 East Pacific Rise 1.3 Galapagos Rise 1.4 Juan de Fuca and Gorda Ridges 2 Atlantic Ocean 2.1 Mid-Atlantic Ridge ( Northern Hemisphere ) 2.2 Fracture zones involved in the early opening of the North Atlantic 2.3 Mid-Atlantic Ridge ( Southern Hemisphere ) 3 Indian Ocean 3.1 Southwest Indian Ridge 3.2 Carlsberg Ridge 3.3 Central Indian Ridge 3.4 Lakshadweeo - Chagos Ridge 4 Southern Ocean 5 References Pacific Ocean ( edit ) Major Pacific trenches ( 1 -- 10 ) and fracture zones ( 11 -- 20 ) : 1 . Kermadec 2 . Tonga 3 . Bougainville 4 . Mariana 5 . Izu -- Ogasawara 6 . Japan 7 . Kuril -- Kamchatka 8 . Aleutian 9 . Middle America 10 . Peru -- Chile 11 . Mendocino 12 . Murray 13 . Molokai 14 . Clarion 15 . Clipperton 16 . Challenger 17 . Eltanin 18 . Udintsev 19 . East Pacific Rise ( S - shaped ) 20 . Nazca Ridge Most fracture zones in the Pacific Ocean originate from large mid-ocean ridges ( also called `` rises '' ) such as the East Pacific Rise , Chile Rise and Juan de Fuca Ridge . The plates that host the fractures are Nazca , Pacific , Antarctic , Juan de Fuca and Cocos among others . Fracture zones being subducted under Southern and Central America are generally southwest - northeast oriented reflecting the relative motion of Cocos , Nazca and the Antarctic Plates . Chile Rise ( edit ) The fracture zones of the Chile Rise trend in a west to east fashion with the most southern ones taking a slightly more southwest to northeast orientation . This non-perpendicular relation to Chile 's coast reflects the oblique subduction of Nazca Plate under southern Chile . West of Chile rise the fracture zones are hosted in the Antarctic Plate . Some fracture zones such as Chile and Valdivia make up large sections of the Nazca - Antarctic Plate boundary . Map of the Chile Rise and its fractures zones in Nazca and the Antarctic Plates Name Minimum length in km Length of transform boundary in km Position at Ridge Chile 2,250 ( 1,400 ) 1,100 ( 680 ) 35 ° 32 ′ 24 '' S 104 ° 37 ′ 3 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 35.54000 ° S 104.61750 ° W ﻿ / - 35.54000 ; - 104.61750 Chiloé 1,750 ( 1,090 ) 50 ( 30 ) 42 ° 59 ′ 43 '' S 83 ° 11 ′ 5 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 42.99528 ° S 83.18472 ° W ﻿ / - 42.99528 ; - 83.18472 Darwin 50 ( 30 ) 45 ° 54 ′ 29 '' S 76 ° 25 ′ 31 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 45.90806 ° S 76.42528 ° W ﻿ / - 45.90806 ; - 76.42528 Desolación 0 Esmeralda 0 49 ° 06 ′ 47 '' S 80 ° 12 ′ 33 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 49.11306 ° S 80.20917 ° W ﻿ / - 49.11306 ; - 80.20917 Guafo 1,550 ( 960 ) 280 ( 170 ) 44 ° 47 ′ 55 '' S 80 ° 15 ′ 53 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 44.79861 ° S 80.26472 ° W ﻿ / - 44.79861 ; - 80.26472 Guamblin 1,300 ( 810 ) 70 ( 40 ) 45 ° 44 ′ 7 '' S 77 ° 27 ′ 32 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 45.73528 ° S 77.45889 ° W ﻿ / - 45.73528 ; - 77.45889 Madre de Dios 0 Mocha 450 ( 280 ) 0 39 ° 14 ′ 24 '' S 77 ° 22 ′ 59 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 39.24000 ° S 77.38306 ° W ﻿ / - 39.24000 ; - 77.38306 Taitao 0 Tres Montes 0 Valdivia 2,100 ( 1,300 ) 650 ( 400 ) 41 ° 23 ′ 25 '' S 87 ° 23 ′ 36 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 41.39028 ° S 87.39333 ° W ﻿ / - 41.39028 ; - 87.39333 East Pacific Rise ( edit ) Name Minimum length in km Length as plate boundary in km Easter Mendaña 0 Nazca 0 19 ° 49 ′ 28 '' S 77 ° 35 ′ 53 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 19.82444 ° S 77.59806 ° W ﻿ / - 19.82444 ; - 77.59806 Quiros 0 Galapagos Rise ( edit ) Panama Juan de Fuca and gorda ridges ( edit ) Molokai and Murray fracture zones shown in the list were created by ridge segments that no longer exist . A map of the Juan de Fuca Plate Blanco Mendocino Molokai Murray Sovanco Atlantic Ocean ( edit ) In the Atlantic Ocean most fracture zones originate from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge , which runs from north to south , and are therefore west to east oriented in general . There are about 300 fracture zones , with an average north - south separation of 55 kilometres ( 34 mi ) : two for each degree of latitude . Physically it makes sense to group Atlantic fracture zones into three categories : Small offset : length of transform fault less than 30 kilometres ( 19 mi ) Medium offset : offset over 30 kilometers Large offset : offset several hundreds of kilometers Mid-Atlantic Ridge ( Northern Hemisphere ) ( edit ) Name Minimum length in km Length of transform fault in km Position at Ridge Saint Paul 1451 454 0 ° 39 ′ 40 '' N 27 ° 55 ′ 52 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 0.661 ° N 27.931 ° W ﻿ / 0.661 ; - 27.931 Saint Peter 333 40 2 ° 31 ′ 55 '' N 31 ° 00 ′ 29 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 2.532 ° N 31.008 ° W ﻿ / 2.532 ; - 31.008 Strakhov ( formerly : Four North ) 1814 100 3 ° 55 ′ 59 '' N 32 ° 06 ′ 58 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 3.933 ° N 32.116 ° W ﻿ / 3.933 ; - 32.116 Sierra Leone 1111 52 6 ° 13 ′ 48 '' N 33 ° 35 ′ 17 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 6.230 ° N 33.588 ° W ﻿ / 6.230 ; - 33.588 Bogdanov 173 84 7 ° 08 ′ 06 '' N 34 ° 21 ′ 04 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 7.135 ° N 34.351 ° W ﻿ / 7.135 ; - 34.351 Vernadsky 194 107 7 ° 41 ′ 35 '' N 37 ° 28 ′ 59 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 7.693 ° N 37.483 ° W ﻿ / 7.693 ; - 37.483 Doldrums 381 144 8 ° 07 ′ 08 '' N 38 ° 45 ′ 00 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 8.119 ° N 38.750 ° W ﻿ / 8.119 ; - 38.750 Arkhangelskiy 691 99 8 ° 51 ′ 18 '' N 39 ° 56 ′ 17 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 8.855 ° N 39.938 ° W ﻿ / 8.855 ; - 39.938 Vema 822 300 10 ° 43 ′ 34 '' N 42 ° 19 ′ 59 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 10.726 ° N 42.333 ° W ﻿ / 10.726 ; - 42.333 Mercurius 39 12 ° 07 ′ 55 '' N 43 ° 55 ′ 26 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 12.132 ° N 43.924 ° W ﻿ / 12.132 ; - 43.924 Marathon 78 12 ° 36 ′ 40 '' N 44 ° 25 ′ 48 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 12.611 ° N 44.430 ° W ﻿ / 12.611 ; - 44.430 Fifteen Twenty , also known as Barracuda or Cabo Verde 1195 195 15 ° 19 ′ 12 '' N 45 ° 52 ′ 16 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 15.320 ° N 45.871 ° W ﻿ / 15.320 ; - 45.871 Vidal 50 17 ° 49 ′ 55 '' N 46 ° 35 ′ 20 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 17.832 ° N 46.589 ° W ﻿ / 17.832 ; - 46.589 Luymes South 30 18 ° 32 ′ 28 '' N 46 ° 27 ′ 54 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 18.541 ° N 46.465 ° W ﻿ / 18.541 ; - 46.465 Luymes North 24 18 ° 58 ′ 01 '' N 46 ° 07 ′ 41 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 18.967 ° N 46.128 ° W ﻿ / 18.967 ; - 46.128 Snellius 41 20 ° 36 ′ 58 '' N 45 ° 45 ′ 22 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 20.616 ° N 45.756 ° W ﻿ / 20.616 ; - 45.756 Kane 1040 150 23 ° 43 ′ 05 '' N 45 ° 34 ′ 59 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 23.718 ° N 45.583 ° W ﻿ / 23.718 ; - 45.583 Northern 1040 9 25 ° 41 ′ 20 '' N 45 ° 11 ′ 35 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 25.689 ° N 45.193 ° W ﻿ / 25.689 ; - 45.193 Tyro 15 29 ° 21 ′ 54 '' N 43 ° 00 ′ 25 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 29.365 ° N 43.007 ° W ﻿ / 29.365 ; - 43.007 Atlantis 843 66 30 ° 04 ′ 05 '' N 42 ° 22 ′ 19 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 30.068 ° N 42.372 ° W ﻿ / 30.068 ; - 42.372 Cruiser 9 32 ° 19 ′ 23 '' N 40 ° 11 ′ 42 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 32.323 ° N 40.195 ° W ﻿ / 32.323 ; - 40.195 Charis 13 33 ° 03 ′ 32 '' N 39 ° 37 ′ 41 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 33.059 ° N 39.628 ° W ﻿ / 33.059 ; - 39.628 Hayes 624 151 33 ° 36 ′ 54 '' N 38 ° 26 ′ 20 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 33.615 ° N 38.439 ° W ﻿ / 33.615 ; - 38.439 Oceanographer 751 148 35 ° 08 ′ 56 '' N 35 ° 33 ′ 43 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 35.149 ° N 35.562 ° W ﻿ / 35.149 ; - 35.562 Tydeman 21 36 ° 38 ′ 28 '' N 33 ° 27 ′ 50 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 36.641 ° N 33.464 ° W ﻿ / 36.641 ; - 33.464 Pico ( to the west ) 719 67 37 ° 28 ′ 05 '' N 31 ° 53 ′ 56 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 37.468 ° N 31.899 ° W ﻿ / 37.468 ; - 31.899 East Azores ( to the east ) 758 67 37 ° 28 ′ 05 '' N 31 ° 53 ′ 56 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 37.468 ° N 31.899 ° W ﻿ / 37.468 ; - 31.899 Kurchatov 174 20 40 ° 32 ′ 13 '' N 29 ° 27 ′ 22 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 40.537 ° N 29.456 ° W ﻿ / 40.537 ; - 29.456 Petrov 74 9 40 ° 32 ′ 13 '' N 29 ° 27 ′ 22 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 40.537 ° N 29.456 ° W ﻿ / 40.537 ; - 29.456 Maxwell 21 47 ° 38 ′ 10 '' N 27 ° 31 ′ 37 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 47.636 ° N 27.527 ° W ﻿ / 47.636 ; - 27.527 Faraday 506 23 49 ° 42 ′ 40 '' N 28 ° 38 ′ 10 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 49.711 ° N 28.636 ° W ﻿ / 49.711 ; - 28.636 Charlie - Gibbs 2000 350 52 ° 37 ′ 26 '' N 33 ° 11 ′ 53 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 52.624 ° N 33.198 ° W ﻿ / 52.624 ; - 33.198 Bight 336 23 56 ° 43 ′ 16 '' N 33 ° 47 ′ 31 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 56.721 ° N 33.792 ° W ﻿ / 56.721 ; - 33.792 Jan Mayen 374 211 71 ° 22 ′ 19 '' N 9 ° 24 ′ 18 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 71.372 ° N 9.405 ° E ﻿ / 71.372 ; 9.405 Greenland ( to the west ) 0 365 74 ° 02 ′ N 8 ° 49 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 74.04 ° N 8.82 ° E ﻿ / 74.04 ; 8.82 Senja ( to the east ) 0 398 74 ° 02 ′ N 8 ° 49 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 74.04 ° N 8.82 ° E ﻿ / 74.04 ; 8.82 Fracture zones involved in the early opening of the North Atlantic ( edit ) American side African side Newfoundland Fracture Zone Kelvin Fracture Zone Canary Fracture Zone Cape Fear Fracture Zone Cape Verde Fracture Zone Bahama Fracture Zone Guinea Fracture Zone Mid-Atlantic Ridge ( Southern Hemisphere ) ( edit ) Name Minimum length in km Length of transform fault in km Position at Ridge Romanche 2445 950 0 ° 29 ′ S 20 ° 29 ′ W ﻿ / ﻿ 0.49 ° S 20.49 ° W ﻿ / - 0.49 ; - 20.49 Chain 1315 269 1 ° 12 ′ 47 '' S 14 ° 13 ′ 44 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 1.213 ° S 14.229 ° W ﻿ / - 1.213 ; - 14.229 Ascension 1149 264 6 ° 55 ′ 41 '' S 12 ° 16 ′ 59 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 6.928 ° S 12.283 ° W ﻿ / - 6.928 ; - 12.283 Bode Verde 3018 232 11 ° 41 ′ 10 '' S 13 ° 56 ′ 10 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 11.686 ° S 13.936 ° W ﻿ / - 11.686 ; - 13.936 Cardno 1649 87 14 ° 04 ′ 34 '' S 14 ° 03 ′ 22 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 14.076 ° S 14.056 ° W ﻿ / - 14.076 ; - 14.056 Tetyaev 810 122 16 ° 16 ′ 16 '' S 13 ° 43 ′ 08 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 16.271 ° S 13.719 ° W ﻿ / - 16.271 ; - 13.719 Saint Helena 1184 19 16 ° 37 ′ 01 '' S 14 ° 20 ′ 38 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 16.617 ° S 14.344 ° W ﻿ / - 16.617 ; - 14.344 Hotspur 1446 113 17 ° 43 ′ 16 '' S 13 ° 19 ′ 44 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 17.721 ° S 13.329 ° W ﻿ / - 17.721 ; - 13.329 Martin Vaz 1324 26 18 ° 35 ′ 38 '' S 12 ° 37 ′ 59 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 18.594 ° S 12.633 ° W ﻿ / - 18.594 ; - 12.633 Rio Grande 1774 156 29 ° 04 ′ 52 '' S 13 ° 04 ′ 01 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 29.081 ° S 13.067 ° W ﻿ / - 29.081 ; - 13.067 Tristan Da Cunha 1014 26 38 ° 23 ′ 17 '' S 16 ° 47 ′ 46 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 38.388 ° S 16.796 ° W ﻿ / - 38.388 ; - 16.796 Gough 1057 42 40 ° 38 ′ 13 '' S 16 ° 38 ′ 13 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 40.637 ° S 16.637 ° W ﻿ / - 40.637 ; - 16.637 Conrad ( to the west ) 316 0 55 ° 11 ′ 06 '' S 0 ° 07 ′ 59 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 55.185 ° S 0.133 ° W ﻿ / - 55.185 ; - 0.133 Bouvet ( to the east ) 198 0 55 ° 11 ′ 06 '' S 0 ° 07 ′ 59 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 55.185 ° S 0.133 ° W ﻿ / - 55.185 ; - 0.133 Indian Ocean ( edit ) Diamantina Southwest Indian Ridge ( edit ) Bouvet Fracture Zone Moshesh Fracture Zone Islas Orcadas Fracture Zone Shaka Fracture Zone Dutoit Fracture Zone Prince Edward Fracture Zone Discovery II Fracture Zone Indomed Fracture Zone Gallieni Fracture Zone Atlantis II Fracture Zone Novara Fracture Zone Melville Fracture Zone Carlsberg Ridge ( edit ) Owen Central Indian Ridge ( edit ) Mauritius Lakshadweeo - Chagos Ridge ( edit ) Vishnu Southern Ocean ( edit ) Endurance Eltanin Hero Quest Shackleton Vinogradov References ( edit ) Jump up ^ Gilman , Larry ; Lerner , K. Lee . `` Mid-Ocean - Ridges '' . Water Encyclopedia . Retrieved 2011 - 11 - 29 . ^ Jump up to : Müller , R. Dietmar ; Roest , Walter R. ( 1992 ) . `` Fracture Zones in the North Atlantic from Combined Geosat and Seasat Data '' ( PDF ) . Journal of Geophysical Research . 97 ( B3 ) : 3337 -- 50 . Bibcode : 1992JGR ... 97.3337 M . doi : 10.1029 / 91JB02605 . Retrieved 2011 - 11 - 30 . ^ Jump up to : Name from GEBCO gazetteer , position refined by means of etopo2 and sample data of GPlates Jump up ^ Udintsev , G.B. ( 1996 ) . `` Equatorial Segment of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge '' . Unesco . Retrieved 2011 - 12 - 05 . ^ Jump up to : Roest , W.R. ; Collette , B.J. ( 1986 ) . `` The Fifteen Twenty Fracture Zone and the North American -- South American plate boundary '' . Journal of the Geological Society . 143 : 833 -- 43 . doi : 10.1144 / gsjgs. 143.5. 0833 . Jump up ^ Tucholke , Brian E. ; Schouten , Hans ( 1988 - 03 - 01 ) . `` Kane Fracture Zone '' . Marine Geophysical Research . 10 : 1 -- 39 . Bibcode : 1988MarGR ... 10 ... 1T . doi : 10.1007 / BF02424659 . ^ Jump up to : `` Map with Jan Mayen , Greenland and Senja Fracture Zones '' . Ocean Drilling Project . Retrieved 2011 - 12 - 16 . Jump up ^ Le Pichon , Xavier ; Fox , Paul J. ( 1971 - 09 - 10 ) . `` Marginal Offsets , Fracture Zones , and the Early Opening of the North Atlantic '' . Journal of Geophysical Research . 76 ( 26 ) : 6294 -- 308 . Bibcode : 1971JGR ... 76.6294 L . doi : 10.1029 / JB076i026p06294 . Jump up ^ Auzende , J.M. ; Olivet , J.L. ; Bonnin , J. ( 1970 ) . `` Marge du Grand Bank et la fracture de Terre - Neuve '' . Compt . Rend. ( in French ) . 271 : 1063 -- 66 . ^ Jump up to : Patriat , P. , Sauter , D. , Munschy , M. , & Parson , L. ( 1997 ) . A survey of the Southwest Indian Ridge axis between Atlantis II Fracture Zone and the Indian Ocean Triple Junction : Regional setting and large scale segmentation . Marine Geophysical Researches , 19 ( 6 ) , 457 -- 80 . Sources The Global Seafloor Fabric and Magnetic Lineation Data Base Project Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_fracture_zones&oldid=788732531 '' Categories : Geology - related lists Fracture zones Hidden categories : CS1 French - language sources ( fr ) Articles needing additional references from April 2010 All articles needing additional references Talk Contents About Wikipedia Add links This page was last edited on 3 July 2017 , at 04 : 15 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia