daube fforde 16812 threescore turbotax gurton prosopagnosia blunderland gammer dumpty ornette larner humpty finnegans corea 28376 882239 trille 15201376 s'étonne zschernig humpti puntzelken humpelken humpty_dumpty 1739130 0877456844 42086 runtzelken dumpti
where did the song humpty dumpty come from
Humpty Dumpty - wikipedia Humpty Dumpty This article is about the nursery rhyme . For other uses , see Humpty Dumpty ( disambiguation ) . <Th_colspan="2"> `` Humpty Dumpty '' <Td_colspan="2"> Illustration by W.W. Denslow , 1904 <Th_colspan="2"> Nursery rhyme Published 1797 Humpty Dumpty is a character in an English nursery rhyme , probably originally a riddle and one of the best known in the English - speaking world . He is typically portrayed as a personified egg , though he is not explicitly described as such . The first recorded versions of the rhyme date from late eighteenth - century England and the tune from 1870 in James William Elliott 's National Nursery Rhymes and Nursery Songs . Its origins are obscure and several theories have been advanced to suggest original meanings . The character of Humpty Dumpty was popularised in the United States by actor George L. Fox ( 1825 -- 77 ) . As a character and literary allusion , he has appeared or been referred to in a large number of works of literature and popular culture , particularly English author Lewis Carroll 's Through the Looking - Glass ( 1872 ) , in which he was described as an egg . The rhyme is listed in the Roud Folk Song Index as No. 13026 . Contents 1 Lyrics and melody 2 Origins 3 Meaning 4 In Through the Looking - Glass 5 In popular culture 6 In science 7 References Lyrics and Melody ( edit ) The rhyme is one of the best known in the English language . The common text from 1954 is : Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall , Humpty Dumpty had a great fall . All the king 's horses and all the king 's men Could n't put Humpty together again . It is a single quatrain with external rhymes that follow the pattern of AABB and with a trochaic metre , which is common in nursery rhymes . The melody commonly associated with the rhyme was first recorded by composer and nursery rhyme collector James William Elliott in his National Nursery Rhymes and Nursery Songs ( London , 1870 ) , as outlined below : Origins ( edit ) An illustration from Walter Crane 's , Mother Goose 's Nursery Rhymes ( 1877 ) , showing Humpty Dumpty as a boy Play ( help info ) The earliest known version was published in Samuel Arnold 's Juvenile Amusements in 1797 with the lyrics : Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall , Humpty Dumpty had a great fall . Four - score Men and Four - score more , Could not make Humpty Dumpty where he was before . William Carey Richards ( 1818 -- 1892 ) quoted the poem in 1843 , commenting , `` when we were five years old ... the following parallel lines ... were propounded as a riddle ... Humpty - dumpty , reader , is the Dutch or something else for an egg '' . A manuscript addition to a copy of Mother Goose 's Melody published in 1803 has the modern version with a different last line : `` Could not set Humpty Dumpty up again '' . It was published in 1810 in a version of Gammer Gurton 's Garland as : Humpty Dumpty sate ( sic ) on a wall , Humpti Dumpti ( sic ) had a great fall ; Threescore men and threescore more , Cannot place Humpty dumpty as he was before . In 1842 , James Orchard Halliwell published a collected version as : Humpty Dumpty lay in a beck . With all his sinews around his neck ; Forty Doctors and forty wrights Could n't put Humpty Dumpty to rights ! According to the Oxford English Dictionary , in the 17th century the term `` humpty dumpty '' referred to a drink of brandy boiled with ale . The riddle probably exploited , for misdirection , the fact that `` humpty dumpty '' was also eighteenth - century reduplicative slang for a short and clumsy person . The riddle may depend upon the assumption that a clumsy person falling off a wall might not be irreparably damaged , whereas an egg would be . The rhyme is no longer posed as a riddle , since the answer is now so well known . Similar riddles have been recorded by folklorists in other languages , such as `` Boule Boule '' in French , `` Lille Trille '' in Swedish and Norwegian , and `` Runtzelken - Puntzelken '' or `` Humpelken - Pumpelken '' in different parts of Germany -- although none is as widely known as Humpty Dumpty is in English . Meaning ( edit ) Humpty Dumpty , shown as a riddle with answer , in a 1902 Mother Goose story book by William Wallace Denslow The rhyme does not explicitly state that the subject is an egg , possibly because it may have been originally posed as a riddle . There are also various theories of an original `` Humpty Dumpty '' . One , advanced by Katherine Elwes Thomas in 1930 and adopted by Robert Ripley , posits that Humpty Dumpty is King Richard III of England , depicted as humpbacked in Tudor histories and particularly in Shakespeare 's play , and who was defeated , despite his armies , at Bosworth Field in 1485 . Punch in 1842 suggested jocularly that the rhyme was a metaphor for the downfall of Cardinal Wolsey ; just as Wolsey was not buried in his intended tomb , so Humpty Dumpty was not buried in his shell . Professor David Daube suggested in The Oxford Magazine of 16 February 1956 that Humpty Dumpty was a `` tortoise '' siege engine , an armoured frame , used unsuccessfully to approach the walls of the Parliamentary held city of Gloucester in 1643 during the Siege of Gloucester in the English Civil War . This was on the basis of a contemporary account of the attack , but without evidence that the rhyme was connected . The theory was part of an anonymous series of articles on the origin of nursery rhymes and was widely acclaimed in academia , but it was derided by others as `` ingenuity for ingenuity 's sake '' and declared to be a spoof . The link was nevertheless popularised by a children 's opera All the King 's Men by Richard Rodney Bennett , first performed in 1969 . From 1996 , the website of the Colchester tourist board attributed the origin of the rhyme to a cannon recorded as used from the church of St Mary - at - the - Wall by the Royalist defenders in the siege of 1648 . In 1648 , Colchester was a walled town with a castle and several churches and was protected by the city wall . The story given was that a large cannon , which the website claimed was colloquially called Humpty Dumpty , was strategically placed on the wall . A shot from a Parliamentary cannon succeeded in damaging the wall beneath Humpty Dumpty which caused the cannon to tumble to the ground . The Royalists ( or Cavaliers , `` all the King 's men '' ) attempted to raise Humpty Dumpty on to another part of the wall , but the cannon was so heavy that `` All the King 's horses and all the King 's men could n't put Humpty together again '' . Author Albert Jack claimed in his 2008 book Pop Goes the Weasel : The Secret Meanings of Nursery Rhymes that there were two other verses supporting this claim . Elsewhere , he claimed to have found them in an `` old dusty library , ( in ) an even older book '' , but did not state what the book was or where it was found . It has been pointed out that the two additional verses are not in the style of the seventeenth century or of the existing rhyme , and that they do not fit with the earliest printed versions of the rhyme , which do not mention horses and men . In Through the Looking - Glass ( edit ) Humpty Dumpty and Alice . From Through the Looking - Glass . Illustration by John Tenniel . Humpty Dumpty appears in Lewis Carroll 's Through the Looking - Glass ( 1872 ) . Alice 's remark that he is `` exactly like an egg '' he finds `` very provoking '' ; Alice clarifies that she said he looks like an egg , not that he is one . They discuss semantics and pragmatics : Humpty Dumpty says , `` my name means the shape I am '' ; and later : `` I do n't know what you mean by ' glory , ' '' Alice said . Humpty Dumpty smiled contemptuously . `` Of course you do n't -- till I tell you . I meant ' there 's a nice knock - down argument for you ! ' '' `` But ' glory ' does n't mean ' a nice knock - down argument ' , '' Alice objected . `` When I use a word , '' Humpty Dumpty said , in rather a scornful tone , `` it means just what I choose it to mean -- neither more nor less . '' `` The question is , '' said Alice , `` whether you can make words mean so many different things . '' `` The question is , '' said Humpty Dumpty , `` which is to be master -- that 's all . '' Alice was too much puzzled to say anything , so after a minute Humpty Dumpty began again . `` They 've a temper , some of them -- particularly verbs , they 're the proudest -- adjectives you can do anything with , but not verbs -- however , I can manage the whole lot ! Impenetrability ! That 's what I say ! '' This passage was used in Britain by Lord Atkin in his dissenting judgement in the seminal case Liversidge v. Anderson ( 1942 ) , where he protested about the distortion of a statute by the majority of the House of Lords . It also became a popular citation in United States legal opinions , appearing in 250 judicial decisions in the Westlaw database as of 19 April 2008 , including two Supreme Court cases ( TVA v. Hill and Zschernig v. Miller ) . It has been suggested by A.J. Larner that Carroll 's Humpty Dumpty had prosopagnosia on the basis of his description of his finding faces hard to recognise . `` The face is what one goes by , generally , '' Alice remarked in a thoughtful tone . `` That 's just what I complain of , '' said Humpty Dumpty . `` Your face is the same as everybody has -- the two eyes , -- '' ( marking their places in the air with his thumb ) `` nose in the middle , mouth under . It 's always the same . Now if you had the two eyes on the same side of the nose , for instance -- or the mouth at the top -- that would be some help . '' In popular culture ( edit ) A poster advertising a pantomime version at the Olympic Theatre in New York 1868 , starring George L. Fox Humpty Dumpty has become a highly popular nursery rhyme character . American actor George L. Fox ( 1825 -- 77 ) helped to popularise the character in nineteenth - century stage productions of pantomime versions , music , and rhyme . The character is also a common literary allusion , particularly to refer to a person in an insecure position , something that would be difficult to reconstruct once broken , or a short and fat person . Humpty Dumpty has been used in a large range of literary works in addition to his appearance as a character in Through the Looking - Glass , including L. Frank Baum 's Mother Goose in Prose ( 1901 ) , where the rhyming riddle is devised by the daughter of the king , having witnessed Humpty 's `` death '' and her father 's soldiers ' efforts to save him . In Neil Gaiman 's early short story The Case of the Four and Twenty Blackbirds , the Humpty Dumpty story is turned into a film noir - style hardboiled crime story , involving other characters from popular nursery rhymes . Robert Rankin used Humpty Dumpty as one victim of a serial fairy - tale character murderer in The Hollow Chocolate Bunnies of the Apocalypse ( 2002 ) . Jasper Fforde included Humpty Dumpty in his novels The Well of Lost Plots ( 2003 ) and The Big Over Easy ( 2005 ) , which use him respectively as a ringleader of dissatisfied nursery rhyme characters threatening to strike and as the victim of a murder . Humpty Dumpty appears as a lead villain in the DreamWorks animation Puss in Boots ( 2011 ) . The 1925 song `` I 'm Sitting on Top of the World '' , most notably sung by Dean Martin , Doris Day and Bobby Darin , mentions Humpty Dumpty twice in its lyrics , saying `` just like Humpty Dumpty , I 'm gon na fall '' . The rhyme has also been used as a reference in more serious literary works , including as a recurring motif of the Fall of Man in James Joyce 's 1939 novel Finnegans Wake . Robert Penn Warren 's 1946 American novel All the King 's Men is the story of populist politician Willie Stark 's rise to the position of governor and eventual fall , based on the career of the corrupt Louisiana Senator Huey Long . It won the 1947 Pulitzer Prize and was twice made into a film in 1949 and 2006 , the former winning the Academy Award for best motion picture . This was echoed in Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward 's book All the President 's Men , about the Watergate scandal , referring to the failure of the President 's staff to repair the damage once the scandal had leaked out . It was filmed as All the President 's Men in 1976 , starring Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman . Similarly , Humpty Dumpty is referred to in Paul Auster 's 1985 novel City of Glass , when two characters discuss him as `` the purest embodiment of the human condition '' and quote extensively from Through the Looking Glass . Luis d'Antin van Rooten 's 1967 book Mots d'Heures , a collection of homophonically translated poetry , includes a version of the rhyme in nonsensical French text , beginning `` Un petit d'un petit , S'étonne aux Halles ... '' . It has also been used as a common motif in popular music , including Hank Thompson 's `` Humpty Dumpty Heart '' ( 1948 ) , The Monkees ' `` All the King 's Horses '' ( 1966 ) , Aretha Franklin 's `` All the King 's Horses '' ( 1972 ) , Tori Amos 's `` Humpty Dumpty '' ( 1992 ) , and Travis 's `` The Humpty Dumpty Love Song '' ( 2001 ) . In jazz , Ornette Coleman and Chick Corea wrote different compositions , both titled Humpty Dumpty . ( In Corea 's case , however , it is a part of a concept album inspired by Lewis Carroll called The Mad Hatter , 1978 ) . In the Dolly Parton song Starting Over Again , it 's all the king 's horses and all the king 's men who ca n't put the divorced couple back together again . In an extra verse in one version of ABBA 's On and On and On , Humpty Dumpty is mentioned as being afraid of falling off the wall . The Australian children 's television programme Play School , in the song Oomba Baroomba , says : Humpty Dumpty sat up in bed , Eating yellow bananas . Where do you think he put the skins ? Down his striped pyjamas ! TurboTax , a U.S. tax preparation software firm owned by Intuit , ran a Humpty Dumpty - inspired television commercial during Super Bowl LI . The ad depicted Humpty Dumpty in a hospital using a smartphone application to ask whether he could claim a tax deduction for medical expenses . In Science ( edit ) Humpty Dumpty has been used to demonstrate the second law of thermodynamics . The law describes a process known as entropy , a measure of the number of specific ways in which a system may be arranged , often taken to be a measure of `` disorder '' . The higher the entropy , the higher the disorder . After his fall and subsequent shattering , the inability to put him together again is representative of this principle , as it would be highly unlikely ( though not impossible ) to return him to his earlier state of lower entropy , as the entropy of an isolated system never decreases . References ( edit ) Jump up ^ Paul McGuire ( 26 November 2012 ) . `` Winning the Battlefield of the Future '' . News with News . Retrieved 18 September 2015 . Jump up ^ I. Opie and P. Opie , The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes ( Oxford : Oxford University Press , 1951 , 2nd edn. , 1997 ) , ISBN 0 - 19 - 869111 - 4 , pp. 213 -- 5 . Jump up ^ J. Smith , Poetry Writing ( Teacher Created Resources , 2002 ) , ISBN 0 - 7439 - 3273 - 0 , p. 95 . Jump up ^ P. Hunt , ed. , International Companion Encyclopedia of Children 's Literature ( London : Routledge , 2004 ) , ISBN 0 - 203 - 16812 - 7 , p. 174 . Jump up ^ J.J. Fuld , The Book of World - Famous Music : Classical , Popular , and Folk ( Courier Dover Publications , 5th edn. , 2000 ) , ISBN 0 - 486 - 41475 - 2 , p. 502 . Jump up ^ Emily Upton ( 24 April 2013 ) . `` The Origin of Humpty Dumpty '' . What I Learned Today . Retrieved 19 September 2015 . ^ Jump up to : Opie & Opie ( 1997 ) , pp. 213 -- 5 . Jump up ^ Richards , William Carey ( March -- April 1844 ) . `` Monthly chat with readers and correspondents '' . The Orion . Penfield , Georgia . II ( 5 & 6 ) : 371 . Jump up ^ Joseph Ritson , Gammer Gurton 's Garland : or , the Nursery Parnassus ; a Choice Collection of Pretty Songs and Verses , for the Amusement of All Little Good Children Who Can Neither Read Nor Run ( London : Harding and Wright , 1810 ) , p. 36 . Jump up ^ J.O. Halliwell - Phillipps , The Nursery Rhymes of England ( John Russell Smith , 6th edn. , 1870 ) , p. 122 . Jump up ^ E. Partridge and P. Beale , Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English ( Routledge , 8th edn. , 2002 ) , ISBN 0 - 415 - 29189 - 5 , p. 582 . Jump up ^ Lina Eckenstein ( 1906 ) . Comparative Studies in Nursery Rhymes . pp. 106 -- 107 . OL 7164972M . Retrieved 30 January 2018 -- via archive.org . Jump up ^ E. Commins , Lessons from Mother Goose ( Lack Worth , Fl : Humanics , 1988 ) , ISBN 0 - 89334 - 110 - X , p. 23 . Jump up ^ `` Juvenile Biography No IV : Humpty Dumpty '' . Punch. 3 : 202 . July -- December 1842 . Jump up ^ `` Nursery Rhymes and History '' , The Oxford Magazine , vol. 74 ( 1956 ) , pp. 230 -- 32 , 272 -- 74 and 310 -- 12 ; reprinted in : Calum M. Carmichael , ed. , Collected Works of David Daube , vol. 4 , `` Ethics and Other Writings '' ( Berkeley , CA : Robbins Collection , 2009 ) , ISBN 978 - 1 - 882239 - 15 - 3 , pp. 365 -- 66 . Jump up ^ Alan Rodger . `` Obituary : Professor David Daube '' . The Independent , 5 March 1999 . Jump up ^ I. Opie , ' Playground rhymes and the oral tradition ' , in P. Hunt , S.G. Bannister Ray , International Companion Encyclopedia of Children 's Literature ( London : Routledge , 2004 ) , ISBN 0 - 203 - 16812 - 7 , p. 76 . Jump up ^ I. and P. Opie , eds , The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes ( Oxford : Oxford University Press , 1997 ) , ISBN 978 - 0 - 19 - 860088 - 6 , p. 254 . Jump up ^ C.M. Carmichael ( 2004 ) . Ideas and the Man : remembering David Daube . Studien zur europäischen Rechtsgeschichte. 177 . Frankfurt : Vittorio Klostermann . pp. 103 -- 104 . ISBN 3 - 465 - 03363 - 9 . Jump up ^ `` Sir Richard Rodney Bennett : All the King 's Men '' . Universal Edition . Retrieved 18 September 2012 . ^ Jump up to : `` Putting the ' dump ' in Humpty Dumpty '' The BS Historian . Retrieved 22 February 2010 . Jump up ^ A. Jack , Pop Goes the Weasel : The Secret Meanings of Nursery Rhymes ( London : Allen Lane , 2008 ) , ISBN 1 - 84614 - 144 - 3 . Jump up ^ `` The Real Story of Humpty Dumpty , by Albert Jack '' Archived 27 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine. , Penguin.com ( USA ) . Retrieved 24 February 2010 . Jump up ^ F.R. Palmer , Semantics ( Cambridge : Cambridge University Press , 2nd edn. , 1981 ) , ISBN 0 - 521 - 28376 - 0 , p. 8 . Jump up ^ L. Carroll , Through the Looking - Glass ( Raleigh , NC : Hayes Barton Press , 1872 ) , ISBN 1 - 59377 - 216 - 5 , p. 72 . Jump up ^ G. Lewis ( 1999 ) . Lord Atkin . London : Butterworths . p. 138 . ISBN 1 - 84113 - 057 - 5 . Jump up ^ Martin H. Redish and Matthew B. Arnould , `` Judicial review , constitutional interpretation : proposing a ' Controlled Activism ' alternative '' , Florida Law Review , vol. 64 ( 6 ) , ( 2012 ) , p. 1513 . Jump up ^ A.J. Larner ( 1998 ) . `` Lewis Carroll 's Humpty Dumpty : an early report of prosopagnosia ? '' . Journal of Neurology , Neurosurgery , and Psychiatry . 75 ( 7 ) : 1063 . doi : 10.1136 / jnnp. 2003.027599 . PMC 1739130 . PMID 15201376 . Jump up ^ L. Senelick , The Age and Stage of George L. Fox 1825 -- 1877 ( University of Iowa Press , 1999 ) , ISBN 0877456844 . Jump up ^ E. Webber and M. Feinsilber , Merriam - Webster 's Dictionary of Allusions ( Merriam - Webster , 1999 ) , ISBN 0 - 87779 - 628 - 9 , pp. 277 -- 8 . Jump up ^ L. Frank Baum , Mother Goose in Prose ( Mineola , NY : Courier Dover , 2002 ) , ISBN 0 - 486 - 42086 - 8 , pp. 207 -- 20 . Jump up ^ Neil Gaiman , The Case of the Four and Twenty Blackbirds , first published in 1984 in Knave , available online . Jump up ^ R. Rankin , The Hollow Chocolate Bunnies of the Apocalypse ( London : Gollancz , 2009 ) , ISBN 0 - 575 - 08543 - 6 . Jump up ^ J. Fforde , Well of Lost Plots ( London : Viking , 2004 ) , ISBN 0 - 670 - 03289 - 1 . Jump up ^ J. Fforde , The Big Over Easy : A Nursery Crime ( London : Penguin , 2006 ) , ISBN 0 - 14 - 303723 - 4 . Jump up ^ `` Dean Martin - I 'm Sitting On Top Of The World Lyrics - MetroLyrics '' . www.metrolyrics.com . Jump up ^ J.S. Atherton , The Books at the Wake : A Study of Literary Allusions in James Joyce 's Finnegans Wake ( 1959 , SIU Press , 2009 ) , ISBN 0 - 8093 - 2933 - 6 , p. 126 . Jump up ^ G.L. Cronin and B. Siegel , eds , Conversations With Robert Penn Warren ( Jackson , MS : University Press of Mississippi , 2005 ) , ISBN 1 - 57806 - 734 - 0 , p. 84 . Jump up ^ M. Feeney , Nixon at the Movies : a Book About Belief ( Chicago IL : University of Chicago Press , 2004 ) , ISBN 0 - 226 - 23968 - 3 , p. 256 . Jump up ^ P. Auster , The New York Trilogy ( London : Faber , 1987 ) . p. 81 . Jump up ^ R. Kienzle , Southwest Shuffle : Pioneers of Honky Tonk , Western Swing , and Country Jazz ( London : Routledge , 2003 ) , ISBN 0 - 415 - 94103 - 2 , p. 134 . Jump up ^ B.L. Cooper , Popular Music Perspectives : Ideas , Themes , and Patterns in Contemporary Lyrics ( Popular Press , 1991 ) , ISBN 0 - 87972 - 505 - 2 , p. 60 . Jump up ^ `` Invisible band , track # 12 '' . Amazon.com . Retrieved 5 March 2011 . Jump up ^ `` Ornette Coleman -- Humpty Dumpty ( LP Version ) '' . Amazon.com . Retrieved 6 July 2010 . Jump up ^ `` Chick Corea -- The Mad Hatter '' . Amazon.com . Retrieved 6 July 2010 . Jump up ^ Bob Mendelsohn ( 9 September 2010 ) . `` Starting Over '' ( PDF ) . Jews for Jesus Australia . Retrieved 19 September 2015 . Jump up ^ Simon Sheridan . `` The Complete Abba '' . Retrieved 19 September 2015 . Jump up ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IVslu5-j164 Jump up ^ TurboTax . `` Humpty Hospital '' . Archived from the original on 6 February 2017 . Retrieved February 5 , 2017 . Jump up ^ `` Humpty Dumpty '' . Jump up ^ Chang Kenneth ( 30 July 2002 ) . `` Humpty Dumpty Restored : When Disorder Lurches Into Order '' . The New York Times . Retrieved 2 May 2013 . Jump up ^ Lee Langston . `` Part III -- The Second Law of Thermodynamics '' ( PDF ) . Hartford Courant . Retrieved 2 May 2013 . Jump up ^ W.S. Franklin ( March 1910 ) . `` The Second Law Of Thermodynamics : Its Basis In Intuition And Common Sense '' . 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