pling ǃ maggin chk interrobang mackellar shebang lolspeak indirection cjk ostrava exclamation leet retroflex shriek filer modifier negation stylizes nko interjection çok gawne estás 10069 ˀ kemme blashki exclamations joomla
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Exclamation mark - Wikipedia Exclamation mark Jump to : navigation , search `` ! '' redirects here . For other uses , see ! ( disambiguation ) . <Th_colspan="2"> ! <Td_colspan="2"> Exclamation mark <Td_colspan="2"> ¡ ՜ ǃ Inverted exclamation mark Armenian exclamation mark Alveolar click <Td_colspan="2"> <Th_colspan="2"> Punctuation apostrophe ' ' brackets ( ) ( ) ( ) ⟨ ⟩ colon : comma , ، 、 dash ‒ -- -- ― ellipsis ... ... ⋯ ᠁ ฯ exclamation mark ! full stop , period . guillemets `` '' `` '' hyphen ‐ hyphen - minus - question mark ? quotation marks ' ' `` '' ' ' `` '' semicolon ; slash , stroke , solidus / ⁄ <Td_colspan="2"> <Th_colspan="2"> Word dividers interpunct space <Td_colspan="2"> <Th_colspan="2"> General typography ampersand & asterisk * at sign @ backslash \ bullet caret dagger † ‡ degree ° ditto mark '' inverted exclamation mark ¡ inverted question mark ¿ note ※ number sign , pound , hash , octothorpe # numero sign No obelus ÷ multiplication sign × ordinal indicator o a percent , per mil % ‰ plus and minus + − equals sign = basis point ‱ pilcrow ¶ prime ′ '' ′′′ section sign § tilde ~ underscore , understrike _ vertical bar , pipe , broken bar ‖ ¦ <Td_colspan="2"> <Th_colspan="2"> Intellectual property copyright © sound - recording copyright ℗ registered trademark ® service mark SM trademark TM <Td_colspan="2"> <Th_colspan="2"> Currency currency sign ¤ currency symbols ؋ ​ ₳ ​ ฿ ​ ₿ ​ ₵ ​ ¢ ​ ₡ ​ ₢ ​ $ ​ ₫ ​ ₯ ​ ֏ ​ ₠ ​ € ​ ƒ ​ ₣ ​ ₲ ​ ₴ ​ ₭ ​ ₺ ​ ₾ ​ ₼ ​ M ​ ₥ ​ ₦ ​ ₧ ​ ₱ ​ ₰ ​ £ ​ 元 圆 圓 ​ ریال ​ ៛ ​ ₽ ​ ₹ Rs ​ ₪ ​ ৳ ​ ₸ ​ ₮ ​ ₩ ​ ¥ 円 <Td_colspan="2"> <Th_colspan="2"> Uncommon typography asterism ⁂ hedera ❧ index , fist ☞ interrobang ‽ irony punctuation ⸮ lozenge ◊ tie ⁀ <Th_colspan="2"> Related <Td_colspan="2"> Diacritics Logic symbols Whitespace characters <Th_colspan="2"> In other scripts <Td_colspan="2"> Chinese Hebrew Japanese Korean <Td_colspan="2"> Portal Book <Td_colspan="2"> The exclamation mark ( British English and Commonwealth English ) or exclamation point ( American English ) is a punctuation mark usually used after an interjection or exclamation to indicate strong feelings or high volume ( shouting ) , shows emphasis and often marks the end of a sentence . Example : `` Watch out ! '' Similarly , a bare exclamation mark ( with nothing before or after ) is often used in warning signs . Other uses include : In mathematics it denotes the factorial operation . Several computer languages use `` ! '' at the beginning of an expression to denote logical negation : e.g. `` ! A '' means `` the logical negation of A '' , also called `` not A '' . Some languages use `` ! '' to denote a click consonant . Contents ( hide ) 1 History 2 Slang and other names for the exclamation mark 3 Languages 3.1 English 3.2 French 3.3 German 3.4 Cantonese 3.5 Greek 3.6 Spanish 3.7 Turkish 3.8 Phonetics 3.9 Interrobang 4 Proper names 4.1 Place names 5 Warnings 6 Unicode and HTML 7 Use in various fields 7.1 Mathematics 7.2 Computers 7.3 Video games 7.4 Internet culture 7.5 Comics 7.6 Chess 7.7 Scrabble 7.8 Baseball 7.9 Popular music 7.10 Television 7.11 Theatre 8 See also 9 References 10 External links History ( edit ) Graphically the exclamation mark is represented as a full stop point with a vertical line above . One theory of its origin is that it is derived from a Latin exclamation of joy ( io ) . The modern graphical representation is believed to have been born in the Middle Ages . Medieval copyists wrote the Latin word io at the end of a sentence to indicate joy . The word io meant `` hurray '' . Over time , the i moved above the o , and the o became smaller , becoming a point . The exclamation mark was first introduced into English printing in the 15th century to show emphasis , and was called the `` sign of admiration or exclamation '' or the `` note of admiration '' until the mid-17th century ; admiration referred to its Latin sense of wonderment . The exclamation mark did not have its own dedicated key on standard manual typewriters before the 1970s . Instead , one typed a period , backspaced , and typed an apostrophe . In the 1950s , secretarial dictation and typesetting manuals in America referred to the mark as `` bang '' , perhaps from comic books where the ! appeared in dialogue balloons to represent a gun being fired , although the nickname probably emerged from letterpress printing . This bang usage is behind the names of the interrobang , an unconventional typographic character , and a shebang line , a feature of Unix computer systems . Slang and other names for the exclamation mark ( edit ) In the printing world , the exclamation mark can be called a screamer , a gasper , a slammer , or a startler . In hacker culture , the exclamation mark is called `` bang '' , `` shriek '' , or , in the British slang known as Commonwealth Hackish , `` pling '' . For example , the password communicated in the spoken phrase `` Your password is em - nought - pee - aitch - pling - en - three '' is m0ph ! n3 . Languages ( edit ) This section needs to be updated . Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information . ( January 2015 ) The exclamation mark is common to languages using the Latin alphabet , although usage varies slightly between languages . The exclamation mark was also adopted in languages written in other scripts , such as Greek , Russian , Arabic , Hebrew , Chinese , Korean , Japanese and Devanagari , but it has never been found in Hindi . English ( edit ) A sentence ending in an exclamation mark may be an exclamation ( such as `` Wow ! '' , `` Boo ! '' ) , or an imperative ( `` Stop ! '' ) , or may indicate astonishment or surprise : `` They were the footprints of a gigantic hound ! '' Exclamation marks are occasionally placed mid-sentence with a function similar to a comma , for dramatic effect , although this usage is obsolescent : `` On the walk , oh ! there was a frightful noise . '' Informally , exclamation marks may be repeated for additional emphasis ( `` That 's great ! ! ! '' ) , but this practice is generally considered unacceptable in formal prose . The exclamation mark is sometimes used in conjunction with the question mark . This can be in protest or astonishment ( `` Out of all places , the squatter - camp ? ! '' ) ; a few writers replace this with a single , nonstandard punctuation mark , the interrobang , which is the combination of a question mark and an exclamation mark . Overly frequent use of the exclamation mark is generally considered poor writing , for it distracts the reader and devalues the mark 's significance . Cut out all these exclamation points ... An exclamation point is like laughing at your own joke . -- F. Scott Fitzgerald Some authors , however , most notably Tom Wolfe and Madison Acampora , are known for unashamedly liberal use of the exclamation mark . In comic books , the very frequent use of exclamation mark is common -- see Comics , below . For information on the use of spaces after an exclamation mark , see the discussion of spacing after a full stop . Several studies have shown that women use exclamation marks more than men do , and one study suggests that , in addition to other usage , exclamation marks may also function as markers of friendly interaction , for example , by making `` Hi ! '' or `` Good luck ! '' seem friendlier than simply `` Hi . '' or `` Good luck . '' ( with periods ) . In English writing and often subtitles , a ( ! ) symbol ( an exclamation mark within parentheses ) implies that a character has made an obviously sarcastic comment e.g. : `` Ooh , a sarcasm detector . That 's a really useful invention ( ! ) '' It also is used to indicate surprise at one 's own experience or statement . French ( edit ) In French , next to marking exclamations or indicating astonishment , the exclamation mark is also commonly used to mark orders or requests : Viens ici ! ( English : `` Come here ! '' ) . A space ( `` espace fine '' ) is used between the last word and the exclamation mark in European French , but not in Canadian French . One can also combine an exclamation mark with a question mark at the end of a sentence where appropriate . German ( edit ) German uses the exclamation mark for several things that English conveys with other punctuation : It is used at the end of imperative sentences : Ruf mich morgen an ! ( `` Call me tomorrow . '' ) A normal full stop , as in English , is not rarely seen , but is considered substandard . A related use is on signs that express a command or interdiction : Betreten verboten ! ( English : `` No trespassing '' ) . The exclamation mark may also be used in the salutation line of a letter : Lieber Hans ! ( English : `` Dear Hans , '' ) However , the use of a comma is equally correct and is more common . Cantonese ( edit ) Cantonese has not historically used exclamation marks . Usage of exclamation marks is common in written Mandarin and in some Yue speaking regions . The Canton and Hong Kong regions , however , refused to accept the exclamation mark as it was seen as carrying with it unnecessary and confusing Western connotations . An exclamation mark in Cantonese can indicate strong feeling . For example , the sentence 「 X 你 老母 ! 」 Greek ( edit ) In Modern Greek , the exclamation mark ( Θαυμαστικό , thavmastikó ) has been introduced from Latin scripts and is used identically , although without the reluctance seen in English usage . A minor grammatical difference is that , while a series of interjections each employ an exclamation mark ( e.g. , `` Ωχ ! Αχ ! '' , Ōch ! Ach ! , `` Oops ! Oh ! '' ) , an interjection should only be separated from an extended exclamation by a comma ( e.g. , `` Ωχ , ξέχασα το μάτι της κουζίνας ανοιχτό ! '' , Ōch , xéchasa to máti tīs kouzínas anoichtó ! , `` Oops ! I left the stove on . '' ) . Spanish ( edit ) Trilingual billboard in Barcelona ( detail ) , showing the initial exclamation mark for Spanish , but not for Catalan ( top line ) and English . In Spanish , a sentence or clause ending in an exclamation mark must also begin with an inverted exclamation mark ( the same also applies to the question mark ) : ¿ Estás loco ? ¡ Casi la matas ! -- `` Are you crazy ? You almost killed her ! '' As in British English , a bracketed exclamation mark may be used to indicate irony or surprise at a statement : Dice que esta noche no va a salir de fiesta ( ! ) . -- `` He said that he 's not going to a party tonight ( ! ) . '' Such use is not matched by an inverted opening exclamation mark . Turkish ( edit ) In Turkish , an exclamation mark is used after a sentence or phrase for emphasis , and is common following both commands and the addressees of such commands . For example , in Ordular ! İlk hedefiniz Akdenizdir , ileri ! ( `` Armies ! Your first target is the Mediterranean '' ) order by Atatürk , ordular ( the armies ) constitute the addressee . It is further used in parentheses `` ( ! ) '' after a sentence or phrase to indicate irony or sarcasm : Çok iyi bir iş yaptın ( ! ) ( `` You 've done a very good job -- Not ! '' ) . Phonetics ( edit ) In Khoisan languages , and the International Phonetic Alphabet , the exclamation mark is used as a letter to indicate the postalveolar click sound ( represented as q in Zulu orthography ) . In Unicode , this letter is properly coded as U + 01C3 ǃ latin letter retroflex click and distinguished from the common punctuation symbol U + 0021 ! exclamation mark to allow software to deal properly with word breaks . The exclamation mark has sometimes been used as a phonetic symbol to indicate that a consonant is ejective . More commonly this is represented by an apostrophe , or a superscript glottal stop symbol ( U + 02C0 ˀ Modifier letter glottal stop ) . Interrobang ( edit ) Main article : Interrobang There is a non -- standard punctuation mark intended to combine the functions of a question mark and an exclamation mark in English called interrobang , which resembles those marks superimposed over one another ( `` ‽ '' ) but it is seldom seen outside Unicode documentation - the sequence of `` ? ! '' or `` ! ? '' is used almost exclusively . Proper names ( edit ) Although exclamation marks are , as a standard , part of a complete sentence and not the spelling of individual words , they appear in many proper names , especially in commercial advertising . Prominent examples include the Web services Yahoo ! and Joomla ! , the game show Jeopardy ! and the ' 60s musical TV show Shindig ! . The titles of the musicals Oklahoma ! , Oliver ! and Oh ! Calcutta ! and the movies Airplane ! and Moulin Rouge ! also contain exclamation marks . Writer Elliot S ! Maggin and cartoonist Scott Shaw ! include exclamation marks in their names . In the 2016 United States presidential campaign , Republican candidate Jeb Bush used `` Jeb ! '' as his campaign logo . Place names ( edit ) The English town of Westward Ho ! , named after the novel by Charles Kingsley , is the only place name in the United Kingdom that officially contains an exclamation mark . There is a town in Quebec called Saint - Louis - du - Ha ! Ha ! , which is spelled with two exclamation marks . The city of Hamilton , Ohio , changed its name to Hamilton ! in 1986 . The city of Ostrava , Czech Republic , changed its logotype to Ostrava ! ! ! in 2008 . Warnings ( edit ) Warning signs are often an exclamation mark enclosed within a triangle Exclamation marks are used to emphasize a precautionary statement . On warning signs , an exclamation mark is often used to draw attention to a warning of danger , hazards , and the unexpected . These signs are common in hazardous environments or on potentially dangerous equipment . A common type of this warning is a yellow triangle with a black exclamation mark , but a white triangle with a red border is common on European road warning signs . New Zealand road sign warning of a `` cattle stop '' ( cattle grid / cattle guard ) Unicode and HTML ( edit ) The mark is encoded as U + 0021 ! exclamation mark ( HTML & # 33 ; ) . Related forms are encoded : U + 01C3 ǃ LATIN LETTER RETROFLEX CLICK ( HTML & # 451 ; ) ( In IPA : alveolar click ) U + 203C !! DOUBLE exclamation mark ( HTML & # 8252 ; ) ( for use in vertical text ) U + 2048 ?! QUESTION exclamation mark ( HTML & # 8264 ; ) ( for use in vertical text ) U + 2049 !? EXCLAMATION QUESTION MARK ( HTML & # 8265 ; ) ( for use in vertical text ) U + 26A0 ⚠ WARNING SIGN ( HTML & # 9888 ; ) ( exclamation mark in triangle ) U + 2755 ❕ white exclamation mark ornament ( HTML & # 10069 ; ) ( in Unicode lingo , `` white '' means `` hollow '' ) U + 2757 ❗ HEAVY exclamation mark SYMBOL ( HTML & # 10071 ; ) U + 2762 ❢ HEAVY exclamation mark ORNAMENT ( HTML & # 10082 ; ) U + 2763 ❣ HEAVY HEART exclamation mark ORNAMENT ( HTML & # 10083 ; ) U + A71D ꜝ MODIFIER LETTER RAISED exclamation mark ( HTML & # 42781 ; ) U + A71E ꜞ MODIFIER LETTER RAISED INVERTED exclamation mark ( HTML & # 42782 ; ) U + A71F ꜟ MODIFIER LETTER LOW INVERTED exclamation mark ( HTML & # 42783 ; ) U + FE57 ! SMALL exclamation mark ( HTML & # 65111 ; ) ( for special applications within CJK text ) U + FF01 ! FULLWIDTH exclamation mark ( HTML & # 65281 ; ) ( for special applications within CJK text ) U + 1F574 🕴 MAN IN BUSINESS SUIT LEVITATING ( HTML & # 128372 ; ) ( a humanized exclamation mark imported from Webdings ) U + E0021 TAG exclamation mark ( HTML & # 917537 ; ) Some scripts have their own exclamation mark : U + 055C ՜ ARMENIAN exclamation mark U + 07F9 ߹ NKO exclamation mark U + 109F ႟ MYANMAR SYMBOL SHAN EXCLAMATION U + 1944 ᥄ LIMBU exclamation mark Use in various fields ( edit ) Mathematics ( edit ) In mathematics , the symbol represents the factorial operation . The expression n ! means `` the product of the integers from 1 to n '' . For example , 4 ! ( read four factorial ) is 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 24 . ( 0 ! is defined as 1 , which is a neutral element in multiplication , not multiplied by anything . ) Additionally , it can also represent uniqueness or , if used in front of a number , it can represent a subfactorial . Computers ( edit ) In computing , the exclamation mark ( sometimes called a `` bang '' ) corresponds to ASCII character 33 ( 21 in hexadecimal ) . It is therefore found in Unicode at U + 0021 ! exclamation mark . The inverted exclamation mark is found in ISO - 8859 - 1 , 9 and 15 at position 161 ( A1 ) and in Unicode at U + 00A1 ¡ INVERTED exclamation mark . The name given to `` ! '' by programmers varies according to their background . In the UK the term pling was popular in the earlier days of computing , whilst in the United States the term shriek was used . It is claimed that these word usages were invented in the US and shriek is from Stanford or MIT ; however , shriek for the ! sign is found in the Oxford English Dictionary dating from the 1860s . Several computer languages use `` ! '' for various meanings , most importantly for logical negation ; e.g. A ! = B means `` A is not equal to B '' , and ! A means `` the logical negation of A '' ( also called `` not A '' ) . In the UK , BBC BASIC used pling as an indirection operator , equivalent to PEEK and POKE of four bytes at once . BCPL , the precursor of C , used `` ! '' for pointer and array indirection : `` ! P '' was equivalent to C 's `` * P '' and `` P ! 3 '' is equivalent to `` P ( 3 ) '' in C . Plings are also used in Acorn RISC OS to denote an application directory : a folder that when double clicked executes a program file inside called ! Run . Other files in the appfolder generally contain resources the application needs to run . The appfolder can be viewed as a normal folder by double - clicking with the shift key held down . In addition , other special resource files such as ! Boot ( executed the first time the application containing it comes into view of the filer ) , ! Sprites ( an icon file containing icon definitions loaded if ! Boot can not be found ) and ! Help ( a text , HTML or other executable file listed in the filer menu for the application ) also start with a pling . Early e-mail systems also used the exclamation mark as a separator character between hostnames for routing information , usually referred to as `` bang path '' notation . In the IRC protocol , a user 's nickname and ident are separated by an exclamation mark in the hostmask assigned to him or her by the server . In the Geek Code version 3 , `` ! '' is used before a letter to denote that the geek refuses to participate in the topic at hand . In some cases , it has an alternate meaning , such as G ! denoting a geek of no qualifications , ! d denoting not wearing any clothes , P ! denoting not being allowed to use Perl , and so on . They all share some negative connotations however . When computer programs display messages that alert the user , an exclamation mark may be shown alongside it to indicate that the message is important and should be read . This often happens when an error is made , or to obtain user consent for hazardous operations such as deleting data . In UNIX scripting ( typically for UNIX shell or Perl ) , `` ! '' is usually used after a `` # '' in the first line of a script , the interpreter directive , to tell the OS what program to use to run the script . The `` # ! '' is usually called a `` hash - bang '' or shebang . A similar convention for PostScript files calls for the first line to begin with `` % ! '' , called `` percent - bang '' . An exclamation mark starts history expansions in many Unix shells such as bash and tcsh where ! ! executes the previous command and ! * refers to all of the arguments from the previous command . In the ML programming language ( including Standard ML and OCaml ) , `` ! '' is the operator to get the value out of a `` reference '' data structure . In the Haskell programming language , `` ! '' is used to express strictness . In the Scheme and Ruby programming languages , `` ! '' is conventionally the suffix for functions and special forms that mutate their input . In the Swift programming language , a type followed by `` ! '' denotes an `` implicitly unwrapped optional '' , an option type where the compiler does not enforce safe unwrapping . The `` ! '' operator `` force unwraps '' an option type , causing an error if it is nil . In the Perl 6 programming language , the `` ! '' twigil is used to access private attributes or methods in a class ( like class Person ( has $ ! name ; ) or self ! private - method ; ) . Video games ( edit ) The exclamation mark can be used in video games to signify that a character is startled or alarmed . In the Metal Gear and Paper Mario series , an exclamation mark appears over enemies ' heads when they notice the player . Internet culture ( edit ) This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( November 2012 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) In recent Internet culture , especially where leet is used , multiple exclamation marks may be affixed with the numeral `` 1 '' as in ! ! ! ! ! ! 111 . The notation originates from a common error : when typing multiple exclamation points quickly , the typist may fail to hold the ⇧ Shift 1 combination that produces the exclamation mark on many keyboard layouts . This error , first used intentionally as a joke in the leet linguistic community , is now an accepted form of exclamation in leet and derivative dialects such as Lolspeak . Some utterances include further substitutions , for example `` ! ! ! 111oneeleven '' . In fandom and fanfiction , ! is used to signify a defining quality in a character , usually signifying an alternative interpretation of a character from a canonical work . Examples of this would be `` Romantic ! Draco '' or `` Vampire ! Harry '' from Harry Potter fandom . It is also used to clarify the current persona of a character with multiple identities or appearances , such as to distinguish `` Armor ! Al '' from `` Human ! Al '' in a work based on Fullmetal Alchemist . The origin of this usage is unknown , although it is hypothesized to have originated with certain Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles action figures , for example , `` Football Player ! Leonardo '' , `` Rockstar ! Raphael '' , and `` Breakdancer ! Michelangelo '' . Comics ( edit ) This Action Comics cover from 1959 ends every sentence with an exclamation point or question mark . Often , few or no periods would be used in the entire book . Some comic books , especially superhero comics of the mid-20th century , routinely use the exclamation point instead of the period , which means the character has just realized something ; unlike when the question mark appears instead , which means the character is confused , surprised or they do not know what is happening . This tends to lead to exaggerated speech , in line with the other hyperboles common in comic books . A portion of the motivation , however , was simply that a period might disappear in the printing process used at the time , whereas an exclamation point would likely remain recognizable even if there was a printing glitch . For a short period Stan Lee , as Editor - in - Chief of Marvel Comics , attempted to curb their overuse by a short - lived ban on exclamation points altogether , which led to an inadvertent lack of ending punctuation on many sentences . Comic book writer Elliot S ! Maggin once accidentally signed his name with an exclamation due to the habit of using them when writing comic scripts ; it became his professional name from then on . Similarly , comic artist Scott Shaw ! has used the exclamation point after his name throughout his career . In comic books and comics in general , a large exclamation point is often used near or over a character 's head to indicate surprise . A question mark can similarly be used to indicate confusion . Chess ( edit ) Main article : Punctuation ( chess ) In chess notation `` ! '' denotes a good move , `` ! ! '' denotes an excellent move , `` ? ! '' denotes a dubious move , and `` ! ? '' denotes an interesting , risky move . In some chess variants such as large - board Shogi variants , `` ! '' is used to record pieces capturing by stationary feeding or burning . Scrabble ( edit ) In Scrabble , an exclamation mark written after a word is used to indicate its presence in the Official Tournament and Club Word List but its absence from the Official Scrabble Players Dictionary , usually because the word has been judged offensive . Baseball ( edit ) Exclamation points or asterisks can be used on scorecards to denote a `` great defensive play '' . Popular Music ( edit ) The band ! ! ! ( pronounced `` Chk Chk Chk '' ) uses exclamation points as its name . In 2008 , the pop punk band Panic ! at the Disco dropped the exclamation point in its name ; this became the `` most - discussed topic on ( fan ) message boards around the world '' . In 2009 , the exclamation mark was re-inserted following the band 's split . The band Bomb the Music Industry ! utilizes an exclamation mark in its name , as well as several album and song titles and promotional material . Examples include their songs `` ( Shut ) Up The Punx ! ! ! '' and the album Adults ! ! ! : Smart ! ! ! Shithammered ! ! ! And Excited by Nothing ! ! ! ! ! ! ! . American musician Pink stylizes her stage name `` P ! NK '' , and uses three exclamation points in the subtitle of her 2010 release , Greatest Hits ... So Far ! ! ! . Television ( edit ) This section does not cite any sources . Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) The exclamation mark was included in the title of Dinah Shore 's TV series , Dinah ! The exclamation mark was later the subject of a bitter argument between Elaine Benes and her boyfriend , Jake Jarmel , in the Seinfeld episode , `` The Sniffing Accountant '' . Elaine got upset with Jake for not putting an exclamation mark at the end of a message about a friend having a baby . Jake took extreme exception to the trivial criticism and broke up with Elaine , putting an exclamation mark after his parting words : `` I 'm leaving ! '' Theatre ( edit ) In musicals , an exclamation mark is usually used when the title of the show has the same title of a song within the act . Examples of this are shows like Oklahoma ! and Mamma Mia ! . See also ( edit ) Full stop Inverted question and exclamation marks Punctuation Terminal punctuation References ( edit ) Jump up ^ White , Jan V. ( 1991 ) . Graphic Idea Notebook . Allworth Press New York . ISBN 0935603646 . Jump up ^ Manunzio , Aldo ( 1531 ) . Romani Institutionum grammaticarum libri IIII . Jump up ^ MacKellar , Thomas ( 1885 ) . The American Printer : A Manual of Typography , Containing Practical Directions for Managing all Departments of a Printing Office , As Well as Complete Instructions for Apprentices : With Several Useful Tables , Numerous Schemes for Imposing Forms in Every Variety , Hints to Authors , Etc . ( Fifteenth - Revised and Enlarged ed . ) . Philadelphia : MacKellar , Smiths & Jordan . p. 65 . Jump up ^ Truss , Lynne ( 2004 ) . Eats , Shoots & Leaves : the zero tolerance approach to punctuation . New York : Gotham Books . p. 137 . ISBN 1 - 59240 - 087 - 6 . Jump up ^ Truss ( 2004 ) , p. 135 . Jump up ^ Wilkinson , Clyde ( 1955 ) . Communicating through letters and reports . Richard Irwin . p. 651 . ISBN 0 - 256 - 02270 - 4 . Jump up ^ Hendrickson , Robert ( 1982 ) . The literary life and other curiosities . 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Jump up ^ `` Terminal punctuation identifies the end of a sentence , and most commonly includes periods , question marks , and exclamation points . '' . Boundless.com . Retrieved 6 April 2015 . Jump up ^ Linnell , Garry ( 11 February 2017 ) . `` Donald Trump has murdered the English language with exclamation marks '' . The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 11 February 2017 . Jump up ^ Graham , Sheilah ; Frank , Gerold ( 1959 ) . Beloved Infidel : The Education of a Woman . New York : Bantam Books . p. 149 . Jump up ^ Carol Waseleski . `` Gender and the Use of Exclamation Points in Computer - Mediated Communication : An Analysis of Exclamations Posted to Two Electronic Discussion Lists '' . Jcmc.indiana.edu . Retrieved 2012 - 10 - 12 . Jump up ^ `` Being sarcastic '' . Learning English - How To . BBC World Service . Retrieved 2008 - 07 - 31 . Jump up ^ Nicolas , Nick . `` Greek Unicode Issues : Punctuation '' . 2005 . Accessed 7 Oct 2014 . Archived August 6 , 2012 , at Archive.is Jump up ^ Kemme , Steve ( September 21 , 2001 ) . `` City 's gimmick made a point '' . The Cincinnati Enquirer . Retrieved 2010 - 08 - 26 . Jump up ^ `` Logo of the City of Ostrava '' . ostrava.cz . Jump up ^ Raymond , Eric S. ( 1996 ) . The New Hacker 's Dictionary ( 3rd ed . ) . The MIT Press . p. 55 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 262 - 68092 - 9 . Jump up ^ John Littler , John Maher ( 1989 ) . Computers in the laboratory : a student guide to microprocessor interfacing . Longman . pp. 53 , 54 . Retrieved 30 Jan 2012 . Jump up ^ Adobe Developer Support ( 25 September 1992 ) . `` PostScript Language Document Structuring Conventions ( DSC ) Specification Version 3.0 '' ( PDF ) . Developer Resources . Adobe Systems Incorporated . p. 92 . Retrieved 2016 - 03 - 07 . Jump up ^ `` Object Orientation ( Attributes ) '' . Perl 6 Documentation . Retrieved 2017 - 03 - 28 . Jump up ^ Gawne , L. & Vaughan , J. ( 2012 ) . `` I can haz language play : The construction of language and identity in LOLspeak . '' . Proceedings of the 42nd Australian Linguistic Society Conference - 2011 : 97 -- 122 . CS1 maint : Uses authors parameter ( link ) Jump up ^ Blashki , Katherine & Nichol , Sophie ( 2005 ) . `` Game Geek 's Goss : Linguistic Creativity In Young Males Within An Online University Forum ( 94 / \ / \ 3 933k'5 9055oneone ) '' ( PDF ) . Australian Journal of Emerging Technologies and Society . 3 ( 2 ) : 78 . Retrieved 25 November 2012 . CS1 maint : Uses authors parameter ( link ) Jump up ^ Cronin , Brian ( January 28 , 2010 ) . Comic Book Legends Revealed # 245 . Comic Book Resources . Retrieved 2010 - 08 - 26 . Jump up ^ Adams , Eury , Swan ( 2006 ) . The Krypton Companion . TwoMorrows Publishing . p. 141 . ISBN 978 - 1 - 893905 - 61 - 0 . Retrieved 2010 - 08 - 25 . Jump up ^ `` Elliot S ! Maggin , Super-Scribe ! '' . Archived from the original on November 29 , 2010 . Retrieved March 23 , 2009 . Jump up ^ Holz , Sean . Scoring Baseball - Advanced Symbols Baseball-Almanac.com Jump up ^ Seabrook , Andrea ( May 17 , 2007 ) . `` The Musicians of ! ! ! : Making Their Own ' Myths ' '' ( Audio : Flash or MP3 ) . All Things Considered . NPR . Retrieved 2010 - 08 - 26 . Jump up ^ Montgomery , James ; Elias , Matt ( January 11 , 2008 ) . `` Panic At The Disco Explain Excised Exclamation Point '' . Artist News . MTV News . Retrieved 2010 - 08 - 26 . Jump up ^ Maura ( July 10 , 2009 ) . `` Panic ! At The Disco Post New Music , Restore Their Exclamation Point '' . Retrieved 2009 - 07 - 16 . Jump up ^ `` P ! nk 's Biography The Official P ! nk Site '' . Pinkspage.com . Archived from the original on 2012 - 07 - 13 . Retrieved 2012 - 10 - 12 . Jump up ^ `` P ! nk Music : Greatest Hits ... So Far ! ! ! ( Edited ) The Official P ! nk Site '' . Pinkspage.com . Archived from the original on 2012 - 12 - 19 . Retrieved 2012 - 10 - 12 . 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