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William Stephenson - Wikipedia William Stephenson For other people named William Stephenson , see William Stephenson ( disambiguation ) . This article includes a list of references , but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations . ( March 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) <Th_colspan="2"> Sir William Samuel Stephenson <Td_colspan="2"> 1942 passport photo William Samuel Clouston Stanger ( 1897 - 01 - 23 ) 23 January 1897 Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada 31 January 1989 ( 1989 - 01 - 31 ) ( aged 92 ) Goldeneye Estate , Paget , Bermuda Nationality Canadian Other names `` Little Bill '' Occupation Industrialist , scientist , inventor , businessman , soldier , pilot , spymaster Height 5 ft 5 in ( 1.65 m ) Spouse ( s ) Mary French Simmons <Td_colspan="2"> Spying career Allegiance Canada United Kingdom Service British Security Coordination Rank Captain Operation ( s ) World War I , World War II Codename ( s ) Intrepid <Td_colspan="2"> Sir William Samuel Stephenson , CC , MC , DFC ( 23 January 1897 -- 31 January 1989 ) was a Canadian soldier , airman , businessman , inventor , spymaster , and the senior representative of British Security Coordination ( BSC ) for the entire western hemisphere during World War II . He is best known by his wartime intelligence codename Intrepid . Many people consider him to be one of the real - life inspirations for James Bond . Ian Fleming himself once wrote , `` James Bond is a highly romanticized version of a true spy . The real thing is ... William Stephenson . '' As head of the British Security Coordination , Stephenson handed over British scientific secrets to Franklin D. Roosevelt and relayed American secrets to Winston Churchill . In addition , Stephenson has been credited with changing American public opinion from an isolationist stance to a supportive tendency regarding America 's entry into World War II . Contents ( hide ) 1 Early life 2 Interwar period 3 World War II 4 Honours 5 Legacy 6 Disputes 7 Popular culture 8 See also 9 Notes 10 References 11 External links Early life ( edit ) Stephenson was born William Samuel Clouston Stanger on 23 January 1897 , in Point Douglas , Winnipeg , Manitoba . His mother was from Iceland , and his father was from the Orkney Islands . He was adopted early by an Icelandic family after his parents could no longer care for him , and given his foster parents ' name , Stephenson . He left school at a young age and worked as a telegrapher . In January 1916 , in World War I , he volunteered for service in the 101st Overseas Battalion ( Winnipeg Light Infantry ) , Canadian Expeditionary Force . He left for England on the S.S. Olympic on 29 June 1916 , arriving on 6 July 1916 . The 101st Battalion was broken up in England , and he was transferred to the 17th Reserve Battalion in East Sandling , Kent . On 17 July he was transferred to the Canadian Engineer Training Depot . He was attached to the Sub Staff , Canadian Training Depot Headquarters , in Shorncliffe , and was promoted to Sergeant ( with pay of Clerk ) in May 1917 . In June 1917 he was `` on command '' to the Cadet Wing of the Royal Flying Corps at Denham Barracks , Buckinghamshire . On 15 August 1917 , Stephenson was officially struck off the strength of the Canadian Expeditionary Force and granted a commission in the Royal Flying Corps . Posted to 73 Squadron on 9 February 1918 , he flew the Sopwith Camel biplane fighter and scored 12 victories to become a flying ace before he was shot down and crashed his plane behind enemy lines on 28 July 1918 . During the incident Stephenson was injured by fire from a German ace pilot , Justus Grassmann , by friendly fire from a French observer , or by both . In any event he was subsequently captured by the Germans and held as a prisoner of war until escaping in October 1918 . His RAF Service file indicates that he was repatriated from the Officer 's Prison Camp , Holzminden , Lower Saxony on 9 December 1918 . By the end of World War I , Stephenson had achieved the rank of Captain and earned the Military Cross and the Distinguished Flying Cross . His medal citations perhaps foreshadow his later achievements , and read : For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty . When flying low and observing an open staff car on a road , he attacked it with such success that later it was seen lying in the ditch upside down . During the same flight he caused a stampede amongst some enemy transport horses on a road . Previous to this he had destroyed a hostile scout and a two - seater plane . His work has been of the highest order , and he has shown the greatest courage and energy in engaging every kind of target . - Military Cross citation , Supplement to the London Gazette , 22 June 1919 . This officer has shown conspicuous gallantry and skill in attacking enemy troops and transports from low altitudes , causing heavy casualties . His reports , also , have contained valuable and precise information . He has further proved himself a keen antagonist in the air , having , during recent operations , accounted for six enemy aeroplanes . - Distinguished Flying Cross citation , Supplement to the London Gazette , 21 September 1918 . Interwar period ( edit ) After World War I , Stephenson returned to Winnipeg and with a friend , Wilf Russell , started a hardware business , inspired largely by a can opener that Stephenson had taken from his POW camp . The business was unsuccessful , and he left Canada for England . In England , Stephenson soon became wealthy , with business contacts in many countries . In 1924 he married American tobacco heiress Mary French Simmons , of Springfield , Tennessee . That same year , Stephenson and George W. Walton patented a system for transmitting photographic images via wireless that produced £ 100,000 a year in royalties for the 18 - year run of the patent ( about $12 million per annum adjusted for inflation in 2010 ) . In addition to his patent royalties , Stephenson swiftly diversified into several lucrative industries : radio manufacturing ( General Radio Company Limited ) ; aircraft manufacturing ( General Aircraft Limited ) ; Pressed Steel Company that manufactured car bodies for the British motor industry ; construction and cement as well as Shepperton Studios and Earls Court . Stephenson had a broad base of industrial contacts in Europe , Britain and North America as well as a large group of contacts in the international film industry . Shepperton Studios were the largest film studios in the world outside of Hollywood . As early as April 1936 , Stephenson was voluntarily providing confidential information to British MP Winston Churchill about how Adolf Hitler 's Nazi government was building up its armed forces and hiding military expenditures of £ 800,000,000 . This was a clear violation of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and showed the growing Nazi threat to European and international security . Churchill used Stephenson 's information in Parliament to warn against the appeasement policies of the government of Neville Chamberlain . World War II ( edit ) BSC was housed on the 35th and 36th floors of the International Building , Rockefeller Center , New York After World War II began ( and over the objections of Sir Stewart Menzies , wartime head of British intelligence ) now - Prime Minister Winston Churchill sent Stephenson to the United States on 21 June 1940 , to covertly establish and run British Security Coordination ( BSC ) in New York City , over a year before U.S. entry into the war . The BSC was registered by the State Department as a foreign entity . It operated out of Room 3603 at Rockefeller Center and was officially known as the British Passport Control Office from which it had expanded . BSC acted as administrative headquarters more than operational one for SIS and the Special Operations Executive ( SOE ) and was a channel for communications and liaison between US and British security and intelligence organisations . Stephenson 's initial directives for BSC were to investigate enemy activities ; institute security measures against sabotage to British property ; and organize American public opinion in favour of aid to Britain . Later this was expanded to include `` the assurance of American participation in secret activities throughout the world in the closest possible collaboration with the British '' . Stephenson 's official title was British Passport Control Officer . His unofficial mission was to create a secret British intelligence network throughout the western hemisphere , and to operate covertly and broadly on behalf of the British government and the Allies in aid of winning the war . Stephenson was soon a close adviser to Roosevelt , and suggested that he put Stephenson 's good friend William J. `` Wild Bill '' Donovan in charge of all U.S. intelligence services . Donovan founded the U.S. Office of Strategic Services ( OSS ) , which in 1947 would become the Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) . As senior representative of British intelligence in the western hemisphere , Stephenson was one of the few persons in the hemisphere who were authorized to view raw Ultra transcripts of German Enigma ciphers that had been decrypted at Britain 's Bletchley Park facility . He was trusted by Churchill to decide what Ultra information to pass along to various branches of the U.S. and Canadian governments . The Princess Hotel in Bermuda , home to British Imperial Censorship during the war , and to Sir William Stephenson after the war . While it was still neutral , agreement was made for all trans - Atlantic mails from the U.S. to be routed through the British colony of Bermuda , 640 miles off the North Carolina coast . Airmails carried by both British and American aircraft were landed at RAF Darrell 's Island and delivered to 1,200 censors of British Imperial Censorship , part of BSC , working in the Princess Hotel All mail , radio and telegraphic traffic bound for Europe , the U.S. and the Far East were intercepted and analyzed by 1,200 censors , of British Imperial Censorship , part of British Security Coordination ( BSC ) , before being routed to their destination with no indication that they had been read . With BSC working closely with the FBI , the censors were responsible for the discovery and arrest of a number of Axis spies operating in the US , including the Joe K ring . After the war , Stephenson lived at the Princess Hotel for a time before buying his own home in Bermuda . Under Stephenson , BSC directly influenced U.S. media ( including newspaper columns by Walter Winchell and Drew Pearson ) , and media in other hemisphere countries , toward pro-British and anti-Axis views . Once the U.S. had entered the war in Dec. 1941 , BSC went on to train U.S. propagandists from the United States Office of War Information in Canada . BSC covert intelligence and propaganda efforts directly affected wartime developments in Brazil , Argentina , Colombia , Chile , Venezuela , Peru , Bolivia , Paraguay , Mexico , the Central American countries , Bermuda , Cuba and Puerto Rico . Stephenson worked without salary . The Rockex was an IBM Telex machine adapted by Pat Bayly to operate on a one time cypher , allowing secure communication among the Allies throughout the war . It continued to be used in peacetime until the 1970s . He hired hundreds of people , mostly Canadian women , to staff his organization and covered much of the expense out of his own pocket . His employees included secretive communications genius Benjamin deForest `` Pat '' Bayly and future advertising wizard David Ogilvy . Stephenson employed Amy Elizabeth Thorpe , codenamed CYNTHIA , to seduce Vichy French officials into giving up Enigma ciphers and secrets from their Washington embassy . At the height of the war Bayly , a University of Toronto professor from Moose Jaw , created the Rockex , the fast secure communications system that would eventually be relied on by all the Allies . Not least of Stephenson 's contributions to the war effort was the setting up by BSC of Camp X , the unofficial name of the secret Special Training School No. 103 , a Second World War paramilitary installation for training covert agents in the methods required for success in clandestine operations . Located in Whitby , Ontario , this was the first such training school in North America . Estimates vary , but between 500 and 2,000 British , Canadian and American covert operators were trained there from 1941 to 1945 . Reports indicate that Camp X graduates worked as `` secret agents , security personnel , intelligence officers , or psychological warfare experts , serving in clandestine operations '' . Many were captured , tortured , and executed ; survivors received no individual recognition for their efforts . '' Camp X graduates operated in Europe ( Spain , Portugal , Italy and the Balkans ) as well as in Africa , Australia , India and the Pacific . They may have included Ian Fleming ( though there is evidence to the contrary ) , future author of the James Bond books . It has been said that the fictional Goldfinger 's raid on Fort Knox was inspired by a Stephenson plan ( never carried out ) to steal $2,883,000,000 in Vichy French gold reserves from the French Caribbean colony of Martinique . BSC purchased a ten - kilowatt transmitter from Philadelphia radio station WCAU and installed it at Camp X . By mid-1944 , Hydra ( as the Camp X transmitter was known ) was transmitting 30,000 and receiving 9,000 message groups daily -- much of the secret Allied intelligence traffic across the Atlantic . Honours ( edit ) For his extraordinary service to the war effort , he was made a Knight Bachelor by King George VI in the 1945 New Year Honours . In recommending Stephenson for the knighthood , Winston Churchill wrote : `` This one is dear to my heart . '' In November 1946 Stephenson received the Medal for Merit from President Harry S. Truman , at that time the highest U.S. civilian award . He was the first non-American to be so honoured . General `` Wild Bill '' Donovan presented the medal . The citation paid tribute to Stephenson 's `` valuable assistance to America in the fields of intelligence and special operations '' . The `` Quiet Canadian '' was recognized by his native land late : he was made a Companion of the Order of Canada on 17 December 1979 , and invested in the Order on 5 February 1980 . On 2 May 2000 , CIA Executive Director David W. Carey , representing Director of Central Intelligence George Tenet and Deputy Director John A. Gordon , accepted from the Intrepid Society of Winnipeg , Manitoba , a bronze statuette of Stephenson . In his remarks , Carey said : Sir William Stephenson played a key role in the creation of the CIA . He realized early on that America needed a strong intelligence organization and lobbied contacts close to President Roosevelt to appoint a U.S. `` coordinator '' to oversee FBI and military intelligence . He urged that the job be given to William J. `` Wild Bill '' Donovan , who had recently toured British defences and gained the confidence of Prime Minister Winston Churchill . Although Roosevelt did n't establish exactly what Sir William had in mind , the organization created represented a revolutionary step in the history of American intelligence . Donovan 's Office of Strategic Services was the first `` central '' U.S. intelligence service . OSS worked closely with and learned from Sir William and other Canadian and British officials during the war . A little later , these OSS officers formed the core of the CIA . Intrepid may not have technically been the father of CIA , but he 's certainly in our lineage someplace . On 8 August 2008 , Stephenson was recognized for his work by Major General John M. Custer , Commandant of the U.S. Army Intelligence Corps . Custer inducted him as an honorary member of the U.S. Army Intelligence Corps , an honour shared by only two other non-Americans . Legacy ( edit ) The William Stephenson statue near Memorial Boulevard in downtown Winnipeg . In 1997 , a new public library built in Winnipeg was named for him , after a vote was held to choose the name of the new library . Leo Mol donated a miniature of his statue of Stephenson to the library . On 24 July 1999 , The Princess Royal unveiled , in Stephenson 's hometown of Winnipeg , Manitoba , near the Provincial Legislature on York Street , Leo Mol 's life - sized bronze statue of Stephenson in military aviator uniform . The monument is dedicated to Stephenson 's memory and achievements . On 15 November 2009 , Water Avenue in downtown Winnipeg was renamed William Stephenson Way . Whitby , Ontario , has a street named for Stephenson , which connects with streets named Intrepid and Overlord . In 2004 Sir William Stephenson Public School was opened in Whitby In Oshawa , Ontario , Branch 637 of the Royal Canadian Legion is named for Stephenson . Located in southern Oshawa , Ontario , is a park named Intrepid Park , after Stephenson 's code name . This park is located in the vicinity of what was formerly Camp X . A historic plaque erected at the park reads as follows : `` On this site British Security Co-ordination operated Special Training School No. 103 and Hydra . S.T.S. 103 trained Allied agents in the techniques of secret warfare for the Special Operations Executive ( SOE ) branch of the British Intelligence Service . Hydra Network communicated vital messages between Canada , the United States and Great Britain . This commemoration is dedicated to the service of the men and women who took part in these operations . In Memory of Sir William Stephenson ' The Man Called Intrepid ' Born at Winnipeg , Manitoba , January 11 , 1896 . Died at Paget , Bermuda , January 31 , 1989 . Director of British Security Co-ordination. 1941 - 1946 . '' Disputes ( edit ) In 1976 British - born Canadian author William Stevenson published a biography of Stephenson , A Man Called Intrepid . Some of the book 's statements have been called into question ; in a review the same year , Hugh Trevor - Roper wrote that `` This book ... is , from start to finish , utterly worthless , '' while other former intelligence personnel and historians criticized the book for inaccuracies . Nigel West 's 1998 book Counterfeit Spies asserts that `` Intrepid '' was probably not Stephenson 's codename , but BSC 's telegraphic address in New York . Stevenson was a frequent visitor to Bermuda , where Stephenson had taken up residence during after the war . He was an ex-naval officer , having served in the Fleet Air Arm during the war with prominent Bermudian lawyer William Kempe ( a founding partner of Appleby , Spurling & Kempe ) , a prominent Bermudian law firm ( another author and frequent visitor to Bermuda was ex-naval officer Ian Fleming ) . Intelligence historian David A.T. Stafford asserts that a more reliable source on Stephenson 's career is H. Montgomery Hyde 's The Quiet Canadian , published in 1962 , before Stevenson 's book . But generally acknowledged as the most accurate account of Stephenson 's life is Bill Macdonald 's The True Intrepid ( 1998 ) , with a foreword by the late CIA staff historian Thomas Troy . The book clears up the spymaster 's fictitious background in Winnipeg and contains oral histories from his ex-agents . Macdonald 's book includes a chapter on the secretive communications genius Benjamin deForest `` Pat '' Bayly , who according to Stafford 's book Camp X - refused to speak with Stafford . Bayly is not mentioned in The Quiet Canadian or A Man Called Intrepid . In Counterfeit Spies , Bermuda resident Rupert Allason ( Nigel West ) reports that no record exists of Stephenson having received the French Croix de guerre avec Palmes or the Légion d'honneur . Stephenson was of course awarded Britain 's Military Cross and Distinguished Flying Cross for his heroics in France . In September 2009 his medals and other effects were displayed in Manitoba 's legislative building , in Winnipeg . William Stevenson describes a dinner held at Lord Beaverbrook 's house in May or June 1940 which Stephenson purportedly attended . Churchill 's private secretary Jock Colville casts doubt on Stevenson 's account , pointing out that the invitation that Churchill supposedly sent Stephenson was clearly a forgery . The highly punctilious Churchill would never have called Beaverbrook `` the beaver '' , and he would never have signed himself `` W.C. '' ( the abbreviation for `` water closet ) . '' Moreover , Stevenson reports that Lord Trenchard chatted with Stephenson about his own fighter plane ; however , in 1940 Trenchard was over 65 years old and was retired from the military . In author William Stevenson 's papers at the University of Regina there is a reference to the Beaverbrook dinner , noting that in later years Stephenson had cabled the author that he did not recall the exact date of the gathering . There is no mention of Stephenson having received an invitation from Churchill . In his foreword to Richard Dunlop 's Donovan , Stephenson writes that he received a telephoned invitation to the dinner . In his 1981 book The Churchillians , Jock Colville took issue with Stevenson 's description of Stephenson 's wartime relations with Churchill . Colville pointed out that Stephenson was not Churchill 's personal liaison with Roosevelt , that in fact ( as is well known ) the two leaders corresponded directly . Indeed , Colville contends that he never heard Churchill speak of Stephenson ( which may say as much about Churchill 's relations with Colville , an Assistant Private Secretary , as it does about his relations with the spy Stephenson ) . Based on this and other questions , Colville expressed the hope that Stevenson 's book would not be `` used for the purpose of historical reference . '' Meanwhile , numerous other references to a Stephenson - Churchill connection can be found ; for example , in Maclean 's magazine , 17 December 1952 , and The Times , 21 October 1962 . The relationship is also referenced in Hyde 's biography of Stephenson , The Quiet Canadian ( 1962 ) . In addition , British -- Soviet double agent Kim Philby , in his book My Silent War , refers to Stephenson as a friend of Churchill 's . Stephenson 's personal secretary and personal cipher clerks mention Stephenson - Churchill communications in The True Intrepid and in the documentary film Secret Secretaries . In CIA historian Thomas Troy 's book Wild Bill and Intrepid , there is a chapter on the relationship based on several direct interviews conducted by the author with Stephenson on Bermuda which discounts much of the criticism of West and Hugh Trevor - Roper . Popular culture ( edit ) In 1979 Stephenson was portrayed by David Niven in the miniseries A Man Called Intrepid , based on William Stevenson 's bestseller , A Man Called Intrepid . In 1983 a Canadian company , Nova Games , Ltd. , published an arcade game called Intrepid , about a spy infiltrating the KGB , named ostensibly after William Stephenson 's codename . In 1998 , John Neville portrayed Stephenson in a revival of the Canadian TV series Witness to Yesterday . The site of Camp X is now Intrepid Park . See also ( edit ) Amy Elizabeth Thorpe ( `` Cynthia '' ) Notes ( edit ) Jump up ^ Attestation papers image , back of form , Library and Archives Canada , RG 150 , Accession 1992 - 93 / 166 , Box 9279 - 11 Jump up ^ `` Street named for WW II spy hero '' , CBC television , 15 November 2009 Jump up ^ Preface to Room 3603 by H. Montgomery Hyde ^ Jump up to : BURT A. FOLKART ( 3 February 1989 ) . `` William Stephenson , 93 ; British Spymaster Dubbed ' Intrepid ' Worked in U.S. '' The Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 30 November 2013 . Jump up ^ Library and Archives of Canada , Personnel File , Stephenson , William Samuel , Regimental Number 700758 , Record Group 150 , Accession 1992 - 93 / 166 , Box 9279 - 11 http://data2.collectionscanada.gc.ca/cef/9001-10000/9279-11.pdf Jump up ^ Retrieved on 19 September 2010 ^ Jump up to : Stevenson , William ( 2000 ) , A Man Called Intrepid , Toronto , Canada : Lyons Press , ISBN 978 - 1 - 58574 - 154 - 0 Jump up ^ Patent GB213654 ; US Patent No . 1,521,205 : `` Synchronized Rotating Bodies '' Jump up ^ Sanders , Ian L. ; Clark , Lorne ( 2012 ) . A Radiophone in Every Home William Stephenson and the General Radio Company Limited , 1922 - 1928 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 9570773 - 0 - 0 . Jump up ^ Stevenson , William ( 1976 ) . A Man Called Intrepid . Harcourt . p. 27 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 15 - 156795 - 9 . Jump up ^ Cynewulf Robbins , Ron ( 1990 ) . `` Great Contemporaries : Sir William Stephenson , `` Intrepid '' `` . Sir Winston Churchill . The International Churchill Society . Retrieved 24 March 2017 . Churchill launched Stephenson on his spymaster career by appointing him to head the British Security Co-ordination Service in New York before the United States had entered the Second World War . Jump up ^ `` The Intrepid Life of Sir William Stephenson '' . CIA News & Information . Central Intelligence Agency . 2015 . Retrieved 24 March 2017 . Jump up ^ William Boyd ( 19 August 2006 ) , `` The Secret Persuaders '' , The Guardian , retrieved 30 November 2013 Jump up ^ William Samuel Stephenson ( Editor ) ; Nigel West ( Introduction ) ( 1999 ) . British Security Coordination : The Secret History of British Intelligence in the Americas , 1940 - 1945 . Fromm International . ISBN 9780880642361 . Retrieved 22 July 2017 . CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list ( link ) Jump up ^ Davies MI6 and the Machinery of Spying ISBN 0714683639 December 4 , 2004 pp 128 , 131 ^ Jump up to : ( 1 ) Jump up ^ Fairmont Hotels & Resorts Hotel History of the Fairmont Hamilton Princess . ^ Jump up to : BERNEWS : Bermuda 's WWII Espionage Role . 11 November , 2011 Jump up ^ `` Highlights of William Stephenson 's life and career '' . The Intrepid Society . The Intrepid Society . 2014 . Retrieved 16 March 2017 . From the book The True Intrepid by Bill Macdonald Jump up ^ Bill MacDonald , ( 2001 ) . The True Intrepid : Sir William Stephenson and the Unknown Agents , Vancouver : Raincoast Books , p. 295 , 297 - 298 . Jump up ^ Amy Elizabeth Thorpe : WWII 's Mata Hari Jump up ^ Proc , Jerry ( 9 July 2009 ) . `` Rockex Cryptosystem '' . Retrieved 8 August 2011 . Jump up ^ `` Ontario War Memorials '' . Ontario War Memorials. 14 August 2012 . Retrieved 23 March 2013 . ^ Jump up to : `` Archived copy '' . Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 . Retrieved 3 August 2015 . ^ Jump up to : Office of Strategic Services Training During World War II Dr. John Whiteclay Chambers II June 2010 Jump up ^ Montgomery , Marc ( December 6 , 2016 ) . `` History : December 6 , 1941 -- War , spies , even James Bond '' . RCI Net . Radio Canada International . Retrieved March 16 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Stevenson 1976 A Man Called Intrepid Jump up ^ The Spy Among Us U of T prof Pat Bayly headed up North America 's first spy school and developed an `` unbreakable '' cipher machine during the Second World War Alice Taylor Jump up ^ picture : https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647133/ , the first non-American was the Belgian Edgar Sengier on 9 April 1946 : http://dds.crl.edu/loadStream.asp?iid=6284&f=5 Jump up ^ ( 2 ) Jump up ^ The Maple Leaf , Vol. 12 , No. 24 , National Defence and the Canadian Forces , 24 June 2009 . Jump up ^ Bronze statue of Sir William Stephenson , Intrepid Society , 2000 . Jump up ^ History in Winnipeg Streets Jump up ^ ( 3 ) Jump up ^ Stafford , David ( 1987 ) . `` ' Intrepid ' : Myth and Reality '' . Journal of Contemporary History . 22 : 303 -- 306 . doi : 10.1177 / 002200948702200205 . JSTOR 260934 . Jump up ^ Stafford , David ( 1987 ) . `` ' Intrepid ' : Myth and Reality '' . Journal of Contemporary History . 22 : 306 -- 307 . doi : 10.1177 / 002200948702200205 . JSTOR 260934 . Jump up ^ Lee , Grant ( 13 Jan 1979 ) . `` FILM CLIPS : Canadians Shooting for the Big Leagues '' . Los Angeles Times . p. b10 . References ( edit ) Hyde , Harford Montgomery ( 1989 ) . The Quiet Canadian The Secret Service Story of Sir William Stephenson . London : Constable . ISBN 978 - 0 - 09 - 468780 - 6 . Stevenson , William ( 2000 ) . A Man Called Intrepid The Secret War . Globe Pequot . ISBN 978 - 1 - 58574 - 154 - 0 . Sir John Rupert Colville ( 1981 ) . The Churchillians . Weidenfeld & Nicolson . ISBN 978 - 0 - 297 - 77909 - 4 . West , Nigel ( 1999 ) . Counterfeit Spies Genuine Or Bogus an Astonishing Investigation Into Secret Agents of the Second World War . Warner Books . ISBN 978 - 0 - 7515 - 2670 - 7 . MacDonald , Bill ( 2001 ) . The True Intrepid Sir William Stephenson and the Unknown Agents . Raincoast Book Dist Limited . ISBN 978 - 1 - 55192 - 418 - 2 . Stevenson , William ( 2002 ) . Intrepid 's Last Case . Globe Pequot . ISBN 978 - 1 - 58574 - 521 - 0 . Hodgson , Lynn - Philip ( 2000 ) . Inside - Camp X Camp X , the Top Secret World War II ' secret Agent Training School ' Strategically Placed in Canada on the Shores of Lake Ontario . Port Perry , Ont . : Blake Books . ISBN 978 - 0 - 9687062 - 0 - 6 . Hodgson , Lynn - Philip ( 2009 ) . Dispatches from Camp X . ISBN 978 - 0 - 9735523 - 5 - 5 . Walters , Eric ( 2003 ) . Camp X . Penguin Global . ISBN 978 - 0 - 14 - 131328 - 3 . Conant , Jennet ( 2008 ) . The Irregulars Roald Dahl and the British Spy Ring in Wartime Washington . Simon and Schuster . ISBN 0 - 7432 - 9458 - 0 . Naftali , T.J. ( 1993 ) . `` Intrepid 's Last Deception : Documenting the Career of Sir William Stephenson '' . Intelligence and National Security . 8 ( 3 ) : 72 -- 99 . doi : 10.1080 / 02684529308432216 . Richard Woytak , prefatory note ( pp. 75 -- 76 ) to Marian Rejewski , `` Remarks on Appendix 1 to British Intelligence in the Second World War by F.H. Hinsley '' , Cryptologia , vol. 6 , no . 1 ( January 1982 ) , pp. 76 -- 83 . Sanders , Ian L. ; Clark , Lorne ( 2012 ) . A Radiophone in Every Home William Stephenson and the General Radio Company Limited , 1922 - 1928 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 9570773 - 0 - 0 . External links ( edit ) The Maple Leaf `` The Intrepid Society '' website , based in Winnipeg , Canada , Sir William Stephenson 's home city . `` The Aerodrome '' website , which details Stephenson 's World War I flying service Article `` This One is Dear to My Heart '' , by Ron Cynewulf Robbins , Finest Hour Issue # 67 , Second Quarter 1990 , published by The Churchill Centre Website of Camp X Historical Society True Intrepid , website devoted to information about William Stephenson The Royal Canadian Legion -- Branch 637 , website of The Royal Canadian Legion 's Sir William Stephenson Branch ( # 637 ) `` arcade - history '' web site , summarizing the video game Intrepid , `` L'impact de la roue à miroirs. 1920 - 1929 '' , Site `` Histoire de la télévision '' . <Th_colspan="2"> Aviation in World War I People and aircraft Commanders Aces Aircraft of the Entente Powers Aircraft of the Central Powers Zeppelins Campaigns and battles Strategic bombing German Cuxhaven Bombing of cities Aerial reconnaissance Fokker Scourge Flight over Vienna Bloody April Battles Entente Powers air services British air services Royal Flying Corps Royal Naval Air Service Royal Air Force Australian Flying Corps Canadian Air Force ( 1918 -- 20 ) French Air Service Imperial Russian Air Service Royal Italian Air Corps United States Army Air Service Greek air services Army Air Service Naval Air Service Central Powers air services Imperial German Air Service Austro - Hungarian Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops Ottoman Aviation Squadrons Bulgarian Army Aeroplane Section <Th_colspan="3"> Royal Flying Corps Command Structure First Wing Fifth Wing London Air Defence Area Squadrons Airfields Royal Flying Corps airfields Aircraft List of aircraft of the Royal Flying Corps Personnel Royal Flying Corps generals List of British WWI aces World War I World War I Aviation in World War I Royal Naval Air Service Imperial German Army Air Service Anti-aircraft Warfare in WWI BIBSYS : 97025546 BNF : cb11942776b ( data ) GND : 119405075 ISNI : 0000 0000 7861 840X LCCN : n82216531 NDL : 00621515 SNAC : w6tt8t7n SUDOC : 121025969 VIAF : 104719794 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Stephenson&oldid=845535033 '' Categories : Canadian military personnel of World War I Companions of the Order of Canada Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients Medal for Merit recipients Recipients of the Croix de Guerre ( France ) Spymasters Royal Air Force officers Canadian recipients of the Military Cross Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross ( United Kingdom ) People from Winnipeg Canadian people of Icelandic descent 1897 births 1989 deaths Canadian Knights Bachelor Canadian World War I flying aces Canadian prisoners of war in World War I British intelligence operatives Royal Flying Corps officers British Army personnel of World War I Royal Air Force personnel of World War I World War I prisoners of war held by Germany Hidden categories : CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list Articles lacking in - text citations from March 2010 All articles lacking in - text citations Use Canadian English from September 2012 All Wikipedia articles written in Canadian English Use dmy dates from May 2014 Pages using infobox person with unknown parameters Articles with hCards Pages using infobox spy with unknown parameters Articles having same image on Wikidata and Wikipedia All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from March 2010 Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from October 2015 All articles that may contain original research Articles that may contain original research from June 2015 Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with NDL identifiers Wikipedia articles with SNAC - ID identifiers Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Español Français Íslenska Magyar Edit links This page was last edited on 12 June 2018 , at 11 : 45 ( UTC ) . 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