article: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Dollar Bill Act of 2013''. SEC. 2. FINDINGS. Congress finds the following: (1) Article I, section 8 of the Constitution of the United States provides that the Congress shall have Power to coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures. (2) Congress effectively delegated the power to regulate the value of United States money and foreign money to the Federal Reserve System via the Federal Reserve Act of 1913. (3) The value of the United States dollar has fallen dramatically relative to gold, crude oil, other real commodities and major foreign currencies. (4) The value of the United States dollar has become unstable and uncertain. (5) The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System has not produced a stable and reliable value for the United States dollar. (6) The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System cannot reasonably be expected to produce a stable and reliable value for the United States dollar. (7) An unstable dollar slows the growth of the economy by increasing the cost of capital, increasing the risks attendant to long-term capital investment, and increasing the effective rate of the corporate income tax. (8) An unstable dollar reduces the real earnings of American workers. (9) An unstable dollar reduces the real value of financial assets held by the public. (10) An unstable dollar reduces the real value of pension plans and retirement accounts upon which Americans depend for their security. (11) An unstable dollar damages the economic and political standing of the United States in the world community. (12) An unstable dollar gives rise to anxiety, uncertainty, and risk among the financial markets and the public. SEC. 3. DIRECTIVES TO THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM. (a) In General.--Before the end of the 30-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall designate a specific week (the ``Target Week'') starting no earlier than 90 days from the date of the enactment of this Act and ending no later than 120 days from the enactment of this Act. After designating the Target Week, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall then employ a random process to select a specific day, hour, minute, and second during the Target Week (the ``Target Moment''), which shall not be publicly disclosed. At the Target Moment, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall make the value of the U.S. dollar equal to the price of gold on the exchange operated by the Commodities Exchange, Inc. (COMEX) of the New York Mercantile Exchange, Inc., as of the Target Moment and maintain the value of the United States dollar within plus or minus 2 percent of such price (the ``Target Range'') thereafter. (b) Target.--The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall maintain the value of the United States dollar within the Target Range directly, via open market operations, and not indirectly, as in the current practice of targeting the Federal Funds rate. (c) Promotion of Stable and Effective Financial Markets.--The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall use the banking and bank regulatory powers of the Board to maintain and promote stable and effective financial markets during and after the transition to a defined value for the United States dollar. SEC. 4. TAX DEPRECIATION. Effective January 1, 2013, all entities that depreciate capital assets for tax purposes shall be entitled to 100 percent expensing of all capital investment for tax purposes in the year that the investment is made. SEC. 5. DIRECTIVE TO THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE. In addition to the scoring that the Congressional Budget Office will do of the tax changes provided in this Act in the normal course of events, the Congressional Budget Office shall also calculate the impact on Federal revenues on a present value basis. This calculation shall be done in the manner that such calculations are done by the Social Security Trustees, and shall take into account the following: (1) That first year expensing of capital investment accelerates, but does not change the total amount of the depreciation that taxpayers take based upon their investments. (2) Capital investments by businesses have historically earned much higher returns than the interest rate on government bonds. SEC. 6. CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISION. In the event that any provisions of this Act are found to be in conflict with those of the Full Employment and Balanced Growth Act of 1978, the provisions of this Act shall supersede the provisions of such Act to the extent of the conflict. SEC. 7. REMOVAL OF FEDERAL RESERVE BANK AUTHORITY TO PAY EARNINGS ON RESERVES. (a) In General.--Section 19(b)(12) of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 461(b)(12)) is amended-- (1) in the heading of such paragraph, by striking ``Earnings'' and inserting ``No earnings''; (2) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``may receive earnings to be paid by the Federal Reserve bank at least once each calendar quarter, at a rate or rates not to exceed the general level of short-term interest rates'' and inserting ``may not receive earnings paid by the Federal Reserve bank''; (3) by striking subparagraph (B); and (4) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (B). (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made under this section shall take effect after the end of the 30-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act.
summary: Dollar Bill Act of 2013 - Directs the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Board) to: (1) designate a &quot;Target Week&quot;; (2) employ a random process to select a specific day, hour, minute, and second during such Target Week as &quot;Target Moment&quot; (which shall not be publicly disclosed); (3) make the value of the U.S. dollar at the Target Moment equal to the price of gold on the exchange operated by the Commodities Exchange, Inc. (COMEX) of the New York Mercantile Exchange, Inc.; and (4) maintain the value of the U.S. dollar within plus or minus 2% of such price (&quot;Target Range&quot;) thereafter. Instructs the Board maintain the value of the United States dollar within the Target Range directly, via open market operations, and not indirectly, as in the current practice of targeting the Federal Funds rate. Requires the Board to use its banking and bank regulatory powers to maintain and promote stable and effective financial markets during and after the transition to a defined value for the U.S. dollar. Entitles all entities that depreciate capital assets for tax purposes to 100% expensing of all capital investment for tax purposes in the year that the investment is made. Requires the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), in addition to the scoring CBO will do of the tax changes provided in this Act, to calculate the impact on federal revenues on a present value basis. Amends the Federal Reserve Act to remove Federal Reserve Bank authority to pay earnings on reserves.