article: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Protecting Neighborhoods from Oil Pollution Act of 2011''. SEC. 2. OIL STORAGE AND PROCESSING FACILITIES. Section 311 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1321) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(s) Oil Storage and Processing Facilities.-- ``(1) Closure.--Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of the Protecting Neighborhoods from Oil Pollution Act of 2011, the Administrator shall issue final regulations requiring an owner or operator of an oil storage or processing facility to permanently close the oil storage or processing facility if one or both of the following conditions apply: ``(A) The oil storage or processing facility is located within 1 mile of 100 or more residential units, and 2 or more covered discharges occur at the oil storage or processing facility within any 10-year period. ``(B) The oil storage or processing facility is the source of groundwater contamination affecting 100 or more residential units. ``(2) Regulations.--The Administrator shall include in regulations issued under paragraph (1) the following: ``(A) A definition of the term `permanently close', to include requirements that-- ``(i) all liquid and sludge are removed from each container and connecting line associated with the oil storage or processing facility; ``(ii) all connecting lines and piping associated with the oil storage or processing facility are disconnected from each such container and blanked off, all valves (except for ventilation valves) are closed and locked, and conspicuous signs are posted on each such container stating that it is a permanently closed container and noting the date of closure; and ``(iii) all other applicable Federal laws and regulations are followed with respect to clean up and remediation of any other contamination at, or originating from, the oil storage or processing facility. ``(B) Any additional closure and post-closure requirements the Administrator determines appropriate. ``(C) A requirement that closure of an oil storage or processing facility be completed by one of the following deadlines, as applicable: ``(i) Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Protecting Neighborhoods from Oil Pollution Act of 2011, in the case of an oil storage or processing facility at which 2 or more covered discharges have occurred on or before such date of enactment. ``(ii) Not later than 1 year after the date on which a second covered discharge occurs at the oil storage or processing facility within any 10-year period, in the case of any oil storage or processing facility not described in clause (i). ``(iii) Not later than 1 year after the date on which the Administrator determines that the oil storage or processing facility is the source of groundwater contamination affecting 100 or more residential units. ``(D) Any other requirements the Administrator determines appropriate. ``(3) Prohibited exemptions.--The Administrator may not include in regulations issued under paragraph (1) exemptions to any of the requirements of this subsection for covered discharges resulting from an act of God, an act of war, or negligence on the part of the United States Government. ``(4) Waiver and extension authority.--The Administrator may waive the requirement for closure of an oil storage or processing facility under this subsection, or grant an extension of the deadline for such closure, if the Administrator determines that the owner or operator of the facility has taken or is taking all practicable steps to remediate the condition requiring closure under paragraph (1). ``(5) Health and welfare authority.--A condition requiring closure under paragraph (1) shall be considered to be-- ``(A) a substantial threat to the public health or welfare of the United States for the purposes of subsections (c) and (e); and ``(B) an imminent and substantial endangerment to the health of persons or to the welfare of persons for the purposes of section 504. ``(6) Definitions.--For the purposes of this subsection, the following definitions apply: ``(A) Covered discharge.--The term `covered discharge' means a discharge of oil greater than 40 gallons from any source. ``(B) Oil storage or processing facility.--The term `oil storage or processing facility' means any structure, group of structures, equipment, or device, including any associated property, that is used for producing, storing, handling, transferring, processing, or transporting oil. ``(7) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to restrict any other Federal or State authority regarding the remediation of, or other response to, a covered discharge.''.
summary: Protecting Neighborhoods from Oil Pollution Act of 2011 - Amends the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (commonly known as the Clean Water Act) to require the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to issue final regulations requiring an owner or operator to permanently close any oil storage or processing facility that: (1) is located within one mile of 100 or more residential units if two or more discharges of more than 40 gallons of oil occur at such facility within any 10-year period, or (2) is the source of groundwater contamination affecting 100 or more residential units. Requires such closures to be completed by specified deadlines. Requires such regulations to define "permanently close" to require: (1) all liquid and sludge to be removed from each container and connecting line associated with such facilities; (2) all such connecting lines and piping to be disconnected from such containers and blanked off, all valves (except for ventilation valves) to be closed and locked, and conspicuous signs to be posted on each container stating that it is a permanently closed container and noting the date of closure; and (3) other applicable laws to be followed with respect to clean up and remediation of any other contamination at, or originating from, such facilities. Prohibits the Administrator from including in such regulations exemptions to any of the requirements of this Act for discharges resulting from an act of God, an act of war, or U.S. negligence. Authorizes the Administrator to waive the requirement for closure of such facilities or grant an extension of the closure deadline if the Administrator determines that such owners or operators have taken or are taking all practicable steps to remediate the condition requiring closure. Requires such conditions requiring closure to be considered to be: (1) a substantial threat to the public health or welfare of the United States for the purposes of federal removal authority and civil enforcement, or (2) an imminent and substantial endangerment to the health of persons or to the welfare of persons for the purposes of emergency powers.