article: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Marine Renewable Energy Research and Development Act of 2007''. SEC. 2. FINDINGS. The Congress finds the following: (1) The United States has a critical national interest in developing clean, domestic, renewable sources of energy in order to reduce environmental impacts of energy production, increase national security, improve public health, and bolster economic stability. (2) Marine renewable energy technologies are a nonemitting source of power production. (3) Marine renewable energy may serve as an alternative to fossil fuels and create thousands of new jobs within the United States. (4) Europe has already successfully delivered electricity to the grid through the deployment of wave and tidal energy devices off the coast of Scotland. (5) Recent studies from the Electric Power Research Institute, in conjunction with the Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory, have identified an abundance of viable sites within the United States with ample wave and tidal resources to be harnessed by marine power technologies. (6) Sustained and expanded research, development, demonstration, and commercial application programs are needed to locate and characterize marine renewable energy resources, and to develop the technologies that will enable their widespread commercial development. (7) Federal support is critical to reduce the financial risk associated with developing new marine renewable energy technologies, thereby encouraging the private sector investment necessary to make marine renewable energy resources commercially viable as a source of electric power and for other applications. SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. For purposes of this Act-- (1) Marine renewable energy.--The term ``Marine Renewable Energy'' means energy derived from one or more of the following sources: (A) Waves. (B) Tidal flows. (C) Ocean currents. (D) Ocean thermal energy conversion. (2) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Energy. SEC. 4. MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. (a) In General.--The Secretary, in conjunction with other appropriate agencies, shall support programs of research, development, demonstration, and commercial application to expand marine renewable energy production, including programs to-- (1) study and compare existing marine renewable energy extraction technologies; (2) research, develop, and demonstrate advanced marine renewable energy systems and technologies; (3) reduce the manufacturing and operation costs of marine renewable energy technologies; (4) investigate efficient and reliable integration with the utility grid and intermittency issues; (5) advance wave forecasting technologies; (6) conduct experimental and numerical modeling for optimization of marine energy conversion devices and arrays; (7) increase the reliability and survivability of marine renewable energy technologies, including development of corrosive-resistant materials; (8) study, in conjunction with the Assistant Administrator for Research and Development of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Undersecretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere, and other Federal agencies as appropriate, the environmental impacts of marine renewable energy technologies and ways to address adverse impacts, and provide public information concerning technologies and other means available for monitoring and determining environmental impacts; (9) establish protocols, in conjunction with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, for how the ocean community may best interact with marine renewable energy devices; (10) develop power measurement standards for marine renewable energy; (11) develop identification standards for marine renewable energy devices; (12) address standards development, demonstration, and technology transfer for advanced systems engineering and system integration methods to identify critical interfaces; and (13) utilize marine resources in the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Pacific Ocean. (b) Siting Criteria.--The Secretary, in conjunction with other appropriate Federal agencies, shall develop, prior to installation of any technologies under this section, siting criteria for marine renewable energy generation demonstration and commercial application projects funded under this Act. SEC. 5. NATIONAL MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION CENTERS. (a) Centers.--The Secretary, acting through the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, shall award grants to institutions of higher education (or consortia thereof) for the establishment of 1 or more National Marine Renewable Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration Centers. In selecting locations for Centers, the Secretary shall consider sites that meet one of the following criteria: (1) Hosts an existing marine renewable energy research and development program in coordination with a public university engineering program. (2) Has proven expertise to support environmental and policy-related issues associated with harnessing of energy in the marine environment. (3) Has access to and utilizes the marine resources in the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, or the Pacific Ocean. The Secretary may give special consideration to historically black colleges and universities and land grant universities that also meet one of these criteria. In establishing criteria for the selection of Centers, the Secretary shall coordinate with the Undersecretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere on the criteria related to advancing wave forecasting technologies, studying the compatibility with the environment of marine renewable energy technologies and systems, and establishing protocols for how the ocean community best interacts with marine renewable energy devices and parks. (b) Purposes.--The Centers shall advance research, development, demonstration, and commercial application of marine renewable energy through a number of initiatives including for the purposes described in section 4(1) through (13), and shall serve as an information clearinghouse for the marine renewable energy industry, collecting and disseminating information on best practices in all areas related to developing and managing enhanced marine renewable energy systems resources. (c) Demonstration of Need.--When applying for a grant under this section, an applicant shall include a description of why Federal support is necessary for the Center, including evidence that the research of the Center will not be conducted in the absence of Federal support. SEC. 6. APPLICABILITY OF OTHER LAWS. Nothing in this Act shall be construed as waiving the applicability of any requirement under any environmental or other Federal or State law. SEC. 7. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this Act $50,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012, except that no funds shall be appropriated under this section for activities that are receiving funds under section 931(a)(2)(E)(i) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16231(a)(2)(E)(i)).
summary: Marine Renewable Energy Research and Development Act of 2007 - Instructs the Secretary of Energy to support research and demonstration programs to expand marine renewable energy production, including: (1) study and comparison of existing marine renewable energy extraction technologies; (2) investigation of utility grid and intermittency issues; (3) increased survivability of marine renewable energy extraction technologies, including development of corrosive-resistant materials; (4) a study of environmental impacts of such technologies and ways to address adverse impacts; and (5) establishment of protocols, in conjunction with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), for how the ocean community may best interact with marine renewable energy devices. Directs the Secretary to develop siting criteria for marine renewable energy generation projects prior to installation of such technologies. Directs the Secretary to award grants to institutions of higher education (or consortia of them) to establish National Marine Renewable Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration Centers to serve as information clearinghouses for the marine renewable energy industry, collecting and disseminating information on best practices related to developing and managing enhanced marine renewable energy systems resources. Authorizes the Secretary to give special consideration to historically black colleges and universities and land grant universities that meet prescribed criteria. Authorizes appropriations for FY2008-FY2012, excluding certain ocean energy programs already receiving funds under the Energy Policy Act of 2005.