text: The Polish National Catholic Church and the Old Catholics are not two branches of the same tree.
  
  While the PNCC obtained its orders through the Old Catholic see of Utrecht, they have never been in complete agreement doctrinally, and some years ago their communion was severed with the ordination of women in the Anglican Communion.
  
  The founding of the Old Catholics had nothing to do with papal infallibility, which was defined in 1870 at Vatican I. The separation occurred in the Netherlands in 1724 over some arcane jurisdictional issues. It was 146 years later that the Old Catholic see of Utrecht provided orders to the schismatics objecting to papal infallibility.
  
  At this time the “Old Catholics” are somewhere left of the Episcopal Church in theology and shrinking, while the PNCC is growing smaller by the year and superannuated.