text: 1/2 Mussolini was not Hitler.
  
  Mussolini was not anti-Semitic, anti-Catholic, or a Nazi.
  
  David Kercher in "The Popes Against the Jews" argued that the Church provided the groundwork for the Holocaust.  Unfortunately his selective history reads like a polemic:
  
  http://www.catholicleague.org/david-kertzer-the-popes-against-the-jews-3/
  
  https://www.firstthings.com/article/2002/02/002-case-for-the-prosecution
  
  "Although an excellent and well-written piece of historical research, The Popes Against the Jews goes out of its way to magnify the role of anti-Semitism within the Catholic Church. Indeed, it greatly magnifies the importance of the Jews for the Church, and compounds this by viewing every aspect of the Church’s attitude towards the Jews with post-Holocaust eyes."
  
  "But The Pope Against the Jews is a one-sided case for the prosecution, distorting the central antimodernist ideology of the Catholic Church in this period into something that it clearly was not. "