So is there any evidence that any of these universities have had cases of a male and a female candidate that were equally qualified but they didn't hire the female? Or any evidence that they have had a superior female candidate but hired an inferior male candidate instead? Even one case? I would bet not. That's why the people favouring quotas favour quotas, it just assumes that less women in say Math research, than in the general population, is proof itself of discrimination. Where are the cries of "foul" for the then obvious anti-male discrimination in nursing and public school teaching? Oh, that's different.