"3) Not even Judaeo-Christians agree on gender relations in Canada"

Apart from tiny marginal subcultures like the Hasidim, they all agree that women can interact socially with unrelated men in public and private space. That was the norm in Europe. (Banquets, country dances, dinner parties, weddings, etc.)

Not so in Muslim countries which are organized to prevent such mingling, i.e. were segregated by gender. Weddings, celebrations, banquets were (and still are in conservative countries) gender segregated.

That is a fundamental difference.

4) "and shared cultural references can be quite sparse between Greeks, Russians, Ukrainians, Italians, Scots, and the French. My wife was born in the Philippines and she laughs at the same jokes as me, and agrees on most cultural issues, does that make her culture the same as mine? "

Yes, for all intents and purposes, she is: she intermarried with a non-Philippino, speaks English, and agrees on most cultural issues.