"Chalice" is a direct translation of the Latin "cálicem", from "calix".

In English the distinction is made between an ordinary cup and a cup used in the Christian Eucharist, normally referrred to as a "chalice".

"Consubstantial" translates directly "consubstantiálem, from "consubstantialem", the essence of the thing.

These are not "Pellisms" but accurate translations reflecting at least four hundred years of constant English usage up to the "Dick and Jane do Eucharist" paraphrases of the ICEL.