Having dealt with St. Pius X’s Syllabus of  Errors on Modernism, which you can find at http://xianleft.blogspot.com/2017/03/syllabus-of-errors-by-pius-x-on.html, I decided to analyze the Syllabus by Pius IX. As before, the writings of Pius are numbered.  They can be found at http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Pius09/p9syll.htm My retorts are in bold. These were not as bad as I thought they would be reading Garry Wills, but most are easily refutable and reflect the biases of an age that no longer exists.  Interestingly, as a political scientist, my own ability to do so is carries more authority, although my authority as a Catholic is enough to question the Church.  Those who cling to these condemnations are practicing Catholic Relativism.
You can find the 17 pages of refutations on my blog at http://xianleft.blogspot.com/2017/04/responding-to-syllabus-of-errors-of.html