The study finds a correlation between individual church growth and a more conservative or fundamental theology, and yonger pastors or church leaders. While the study provides more empirical evidence, it is not new, nor does it necessarily offer causation patterns.

In some geographies (Quebec would be pone example), christian church related activity is simply in  decline, related partly to age, and partly to a historical distrust of all churches. In other geographies (Brazil would be a good example), fundamental protestant churches are all growing. In between, this congregation may grow, while that declines. What does church attendance provide - a social community, learning for younger people and for adults, enjoyment of music and music skill development, a social justice opportunity, a beleiving community, .... There are many reasons.

Yet, it seems still that, in large parts of Canada and northern Europe, church attachment is declining. Why?