No, no, Annabelle. If Christian marriage is a Sacrament it can only have been instituted by Christ.
There have been many changes indeed over the centuries regarding the conferal of the Sacraments except where the formula is biblical. 
The Sacrament of Matrimony was conferred by the spouses upon each other. In later years in order to preserve the tradition of the Sacramental Union the witness of the Church was required to render the contract valid before God against those who disputed that.
Catholic doctrine has evolved. In the face of orthodox belief  being attacked the Church has asserted its teaching and put into place regulations to safeguard that teaching.
All the Sacraments are those of the New Law and can be traced back to their institution by Christ Himself.