Divorce isn't adultery and dropping adultery from the roles of capital crimes should not lead one to think that he needn't fear damnation.  An act that is malum in se, regardless of the temporal punishment, remains an evil act.  The fact that the offense is no longer punishable by death should give the offender the opportunity to repent.

Regardless, the two talmudic schools do not seem to provide any context to Jesus' instruction nor to the 2,000-ish years of practice.  I don't mean to minimize the suffering of those who have gone through a divorce, either.  I merely point to what is textually obvious.