The meaning of "Why do we have the right to question papal teaching, but others don't? " is not clear.

In the Catholic Church the exclusion from the sacrament of orders has been taught authoritatively. Those who attempt it or participate in attempting it are excommunicated.

Clergy and religious who obstinately question the teaching are also excommunicated.

That does not appear to constitute a "right to question papal teaching", which in this case might be more correctly styled "the teaching of the Church".