Correct me if I'm off on this, but haven't you said affirmative action has led to course/grade devaluation?

I know of know researched answer to that question.   I believe the devaluation comes from parents who believe grades are the link to success (mostly white), and start beating on teachers early in education to give their children better grades.    I know this, I've seen this, I know both parents and teachers who will reaffirm this.    

Another way to devalue the admission is though 'legacy' or if not available, large donations.   A perfect example is President Trump.    He's clever enough to know education counts for most people and cunning enough to demand Obama's records while keeping his own private.      

http://www.salon.com/2011/05/03/donald_trump_wharton/  

Trump is hardly an unusual case in high priced schools.   Of course he lied about student achievements, but why would we expect otherwise.    Just more Wealth Privilege.