And in Alaska, history shows a parallel state of mind the same as that of the slave days. Each of the eight men executed (in the territory of Alaska) under civil authority between 1900 and 1957 were convicted of murder. Of these, only two of the eight men hanged during this period were white. Three of the executed men were Native, two were African American, and one was a foreigner of unknown race from Montenegro (a small European nation on the Balkan Peninsula) (Lerman 1996). In contrast, most murders committed in territorial Alaska were committed by white men