Vera Rubin certainly deserved a Nobel Prize, since the committee wasted one on someone like Obama.

Dr. Rubin's omission may be partially related to Zwicky's earlier work or to her own discussions of Modified Newtonian Dynamics (in contrast to the vast majority of astronomers who accept the dark matter paradigm in varying forms), but I think it is likely that her cause has also been significantly hurt by a lack of respect for women in the field.