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As an industry, we haven’t done a great job of standardizing our use of these terms, even though we’ve radically improved operations practices and tooling over the past decade. At [Turbine Labs](https://turbinelabs.io), we use precise definitions of “ship”, “deploy”, “release”, and “rollback”, and spend a lot of our time thinking about what the world looks like when you think about “release” as an independent phase of your shipping process. In part one of this post, I’ll share these definitions, describe some common “deploy == release” practices, and explain why they have a poor risk profile. In part two, I’ll describe some of the extremely powerful risk mitigation techniques made possible when “deploy” and “release” are treated as distinct phases of your software shipping cycle.\n+我曾在很多公司工作过，在这些公司中「部署（deploy，动词）」、「部署物（deployment，名词）」、「上线（ship）」和「发布（release）」都是随意地使用，甚至可以互换使用。作为一个行业，我们在规范使用这些术语方面做得还不够，尽管我们在过去的十多年里已经从根本上改进了运维实践和工具。在 [Turbine Labs](https://turbinelabs.io) 中，我们使用了「交付」、「部署」、「发布」和「回滚（rollback）」的精确定义，并花了大量的时间来思考当你把「发布」作为上线过程的一个独立阶段时，世界是什么样子的。\n \n-### Ship\n+### 上线\n \n-**Shipping** is your team’s process of getting a snapshot of your service’s code — a _version_ — from your team’s source control repository all the way to handling production traffic. I think of the overall shipping process as four distinct groups of smaller, specialized processes: Build, test, deploy, and release. Thanks to technology advances in cloud infrastructure, containers, orchestration frameworks, as well as process advances like [twelve-factor](https://12factor.net/), [continuous integration](https://martinfowler.com/articles/continuousIntegration.html), and [continuous delivery](https://martinfowler.com/bliki/ContinuousDelivery.html), it’s never been easier to execute the first three processes — build, test, and deploy.\n+**上线**指你的团队从源码管理库中获取服务代码某个**版本**的快照，并用它处理线上流量的过程。我认为整个上线过程由四个不同的专门的小流程组成：构建（build）、测试、部署和发布。得益于云基础架构、容器、编排框架的技术进步以及流程改进，如 [twelve-factor](https://12factor.net/)、[持续集成](https://martinfowler.com/articles/continuousIntegration.html)和[持续交付](https://martinfowler.com/bliki/ContinuousDelivery.html)，执行前三个流程（构建，测试和部署）从未如此简单。\n \n-### Deploy\n+### 部署\n \n-**Deployment** is your team’s process for installing the new version of your service’s code on production infrastructure. When we say a new version of software is **deployed**, we mean it is running somewhere in your production infrastructure. That could be a newly spun-up EC2 instance on AWS, or a Docker container running in a pod in your data center’s Kubernetes cluster. Your software has started successfully, passed health checks, and is ready (you hope!) to handle production traffic, but may not actually be receiving any. This is an important point, so I’ll repeat it using Medium’s awesome large pull quote format:\n+**部署**指你的团队在生产环境的基础设置中安装新版本服务代码的过程。当我们说新版软件被**部署**时，我们的意思是它正在生产环境的基础设施的某个地方运行。基础设置可以是 AWS 上的一个新启动的 EC2 实例，也可以是在数据中心的 Kubernetes 集群中的某个容器中运行的一个 Docker 容器。","path":"TODO1/deploy-not-equal-release-part-one.md","position":42,"original_position":42,"commit_id":"9d11233b46c35bade17ccba33b96d07d7bbcc26e","original_commit_id":"13778bd53a5d4116e2e9e19ab659137f9fb01928","user":{"login":"MechanicianW","id":13252625,"avatar_url":"https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/13252625?v=4","gravatar_id":"","url":"https://api.github.com/users/MechanicianW","html_url":"https://github.com/MechanicianW","followers_url":"https://api.github.com/users/MechanicianW/followers","following_url":"https://api.github.com/users/MechanicianW/following{/other_user}","gists_url":"https://api.github.com/users/MechanicianW/gists{/gist_id}","starred_url":"https://api.github.com/users/MechanicianW/starred{/owner}{/repo}","subscriptions_url":"https://api.github.com/users/MechanicianW/subscriptions","organizations_url":"https://api.github.com/users/MechanicianW/orgs","repos_url":"https://api.github.com/users/MechanicianW/repos","events_url":"https://api.github.com/users/MechanicianW/events{/privacy}","received_events_url":"https://api.github.com/users/MechanicianW/received_events","type":"User","site_admin":false},"body":"少翻译一段\r\nYour software has started successfully, passed health checks, and is ready (you hope!) to handle production traffic, but may not actually be receiving any. This is an important point, so I’ll repeat it using Medium’s awesome large pull quote 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