tocainide tocainide tocainide (tonocard) is a class ib antiarrhythmic agent. it is no longer sold in the united states. tocainideclinical dataahfs/drugs.commicromedex detailed consumer informationmedlineplusa601248atc codec01bb03 (who) pharmacokinetic databioavailability0.9-1 (oral)protein binding10-20%metabolismglucuronidation (primary)elimination half-life9-14 r, 13-20 sexcretion30-50% urine (unchanged)identifiers iupac name n-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)alaninamide cas number41708-72-9 ypubchem cid38945iuphar/bps7309drugbankdb01056 ychemspider35632 yunii27dxo59sankeggd06172 ychebichebi:9611 ychemblchembl1762 ycomptox dashboard (epa)dtxsid9040766 echa infocard100.050.441 chemical and physical dataformulac11h16n2omolar mass192.262 g·mol−13d model (jsmol)interactive image smiles o=c(nc1c(cccc1c)c)c(n)c inchi inchi=1s/c11h16n2o/c1-7-5-4-6-8(2)10(7)13-11(14)9(3)12/h4-6,9h,12h2,1-3h3,(h,13,14) ykey:bujagsgypoawei-uhfffaoysa-n y (verify) pharmacokinetics tocainide is a lidocaine analog, that does not have significant 1st pass metabolism. it is found in two enantiomers. the r isomer is 4x as potent as the s. oral bioavailability is 0.9-1.0. in the blood tocainide is 10-20% protein bound. the volume of distribution is 2.5-3.5 l/kg. 30-50% is excreted unchanged in the urine. the more active r-isomer is cleared faster in anephric patients or those with severe renal dysfunction. the main metabolite is the glucuronidated tocainide carbamic acid. the glucuronosyl transferase is apparently induced by rifampin. weak inhibition of cyp1a2 leads to a mild theophylline interaction. (not verbatim) synthesis tocainide synthesis: