repatriated from wuhan, china, tested positive, bringing the total number of cases in italy to three. on 22 february, the repatriated italian recovered and was discharged from the hospital. on 22 and 26 february, the two chinese tourists hospitalized in rome tested negative. on 21 february, a cluster of cases was detected starting with 16 confirmed cases in lombardy, with additional 60 cases on 22 february, and italy's first deaths reported on the same day. as of late february, italy was hit harder than anywhere else in the eu by the covid-19 pandemic. by 17 march 2020, there were 2,503 deaths and 31,506 confirmed cases. by 15 may 2020, there had been 223,885 cases and 31,610 deaths, according to protezione civile bulletins. on 3 june, italy reopened its borders to eu residents and ended travel restrictions. on 13 july, the head of the icu at a bergamo hospital said that former patients treated for covid-19 had developed serious long-term health issues. cases reached 100,000 in march, 200,000 in april, 300,000 in september, 600,000 in october and 1,600,000 in november. lockdown main article: covid-19 lockdown in italy on 8 march, italian prime minister giuseppe conte signed a decree enacting a quarantine for the entire region of lombardy – home to more than 10 million people and the financial capital, milan – and multiple other provinces, totalling around 16 million residents. the lockdown decree included the power to impose fines on anyone caught entering or leaving lombardy, the worst-affected region, until 3 april. on 9 march, the lockdown orders were extended to the whole of italy, effectively quarantining more than 60 million people. on 20 november 2020, according to high-frequency data, the lockdowns in france and italy weighed down on public mobility more than in any other european country. france's official statistic agency insee found that the data collected by google on the amount of time people spend at home is particularly closely correlated with the percentage of slow down experienced by an economy during the lockdown. jersey main article: covid-19 pandemic in jersey the first case was recognised on 10 march which resulted within days in flights and ferries being cancelled except for essential travel and freight, thus isolating the island by the end of march. by 30 june there were no active cases although there have since been small numbers of cases brought into the island when lockdown was relaxed and travel permitted. on 14 october a contact app was launched. community contracted cases caused numbers to rise from 600 to 1,000 in november resulting in another lockdown. kosovo main article: covid-19 pandemic in kosovo the first two cases in kosovo were reported on 13 march. in the ten-day period 13–23 march, the number of positive cases with coronavirus rose to 35. in midnight of 23 march 26 new cases were confirmed, bringing the total number of cases to 61. on 25 march, the government collapsed with a vote of no confidence in prime minister albin kurti. latvia this section is an excerpt from covid-19 pandemic in latvia. confirmed cases of covid-19 in latvia by municipalities. the covid-19 pandemic in latvia was a part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). the virus was confirmed to have reached latvia on 2 march 2020, having been brought along with people returning from abroad. the government declared a state of emergency on 13 march 2020 with a number of epidemiological safety measures and restrictions, primarily limiting gatherings, travel, most public venues, and educational institutions. as the new confirmed cases stayed in the low two-digit range per day, the emergency was periodically extended until mid-2020, when the confirmed infection case dropped to almost 0 and the state of emergency ended on 9 june 2020. most restrictions were lifted. the rates spiked again by the end of september, from a few dozen per day to low hundreds by november, and many of the restrictions were restored and tightened, including a range of new ones. eventually, a new state of emergency was reinstated on 9 november 2020 with increased rules and restrictions, while the daily cases reached close to one thousand by the end of november. the number of cases kept rising at the turn of the year and the state of emergency was extended to 6 april 2021. the vaccination programme began at the start of the year. as of 21 january 2023, 2,974,692 covid-19 vaccine doses had been administered in latvia. liechtenstein main article: covid-19 pandemic in liechtenstein the first case was reported in the country on 3 march. lithuania main article: covid-19 pandemic in lithuania the first case was reported in the country on 28 february. by 17 march there were 21 cases, mostly in vilnius, kaunas and klaipėda. the first infected lithuanian recovered on 14 march. cases reached 2,000 in july, 10,000 in october and 50,000 in november. luxembourg main article: covid-19 pandemic in luxembourg the first case was reported in the country on 29 february. positive cases exceeded 6,600 on 30 june and 8,500 on 30 september. malta main article: covid-19 pandemic in malta on 7 march, malta reported its first 3 cases of coronavirus: an italian family consisting of a 12-year-old girl and her parents, who arrived in malta on 3 march from rome after a holiday in trentino. until around september, there were barely any cases; with that maximum cases per day at around 30. but then a big wave hit malta and cases were being of over 100 everyday, and the most cases found in a single day was 510. then in may 2021, the cases started calming down with malta as of 20 june 2021 having just under 50 active cases, with over 30 thousand total. moldova main articles: covid-19 pandemic in moldova and transnistria this section is an excerpt from covid-19 pandemic in moldova. map of cases of covid-19 in moldova(21 december 2021) the covid-19 pandemic in moldova was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). the virus was confirmed to have reached the republic of moldova on 7 march 2020, when a moldovan woman who returned from italy tested positive for the novel coronavirus. as the number of infected people started to rise during the next days, the parliament declared a state of emergency on 17 march 2020 for the entire territory of the republic of moldova for a period of 60 days (17 march to 15 may 2020). on 15 may 2020, the last day of the state of emergency declared by the parliament on 17 march 2020, the extraordinary national commission of public health declared the state of emergency in public health for the entire territory of moldova for the period of 16 may to 30 june 2020. on 9 june 2020, the total number of confirmed cases surpassed 10,000. on 1 september 2020, the number of deaths surpassed 1,000. the vaccination process started on 2 march 2021 with astrazeneca vaccine units donated by romania to moldova. monaco main article: covid-19 pandemic in monaco the first case was reported in the country on 29 february. montenegro this section is an excerpt from covid-19 pandemic in montenegro. the covid-19 pandemic in montenegro has resulted in 289,292 confirmed cases of covid-19 and 2,808 deaths. the first case of the disease in montenegro was confirmed on 17 march 2020, making it the last european country to register a case of sars-cov-2. on 24 may 2020, 68 days after the first case was recorded in montenegro, it became the first covid-19-free country in europe. within the first outbreak, indexed cases counted 9% of the total reported, 80% of cases were infected due to contact with primary cases, while the origin of infection of the other 11% of cases was not certain. the government of montenegro estimated that the country needs eur 59.2 million private and international relief to address the health, social and economical impact of covid-19. montenegro had no active cases from 24 may until 14 june 2020, when the first imported case was reported. as of 3 december 2022, 523,735 covid-19 vaccine doses have been administered in montenegro. netherlands main article: covid-19 pandemic in the netherlands on 27 february, the netherlands confirmed its first case, a man who had been in the lombardy region of italy. on 6 march, rivm announced the first death. on 9 march, rivm announced 56 more confirmed cases in addition to the total of the 77 infected patients declared in the previous day, bringing the total to 321 infected and 3 dead. on 15 march, the dutch government announced in a press conference that all schools, day care facilities, colleges, universities, and universities of applied sciences would close until 6 april, though children of parents in vital industries could still go to school or the day care if they could not be taken care of otherwise. as of 16 march, the total number of confirmed cases of covid-19 had risen to 1,413 and the total number of confirmed deaths had risen to 24. this was an increase of 278 infections and 4 deaths in comparison to 15 march. on the same date, the prime minister of the netherlands, mark rutte, had announced that the country would not go into complete lockdown. instead the situation would be controlled as much as possible by delaying the spread of the virus, relying on measures taken earlier by the government, such as social distancing and prohibiting gatherings of 100 people and over. it is expected the coronavirus will keep spreading and a large part of the population will become infected. instead of opting to lock down the netherlands for the time required, which would have many (negative) consequences while the benefits remain uncertain and would have to stay in place, it would be attempted to build herd immunity in a controlled manner. depending on how the virus behaves, the government would decide if additional measures are required. further measures were introduced on 23 march. all events would be banned until 1 september. gatherings of more than three people, except for families, were to be prohibited. city mayors received greater authorization to enforce the rules. fines would be issued to those not complying with the new rules. cases reached 10,000 in march 2020, 50,000 in june 2020, 100,000 in september 2020, 500,000 in november 2020 and 1,000,000 in february 2021. north macedonia main article: covid-19 pandemic in north macedonia on 26 february, north macedonia confirmed its first case, a woman that had returned from italy. on 10 march every school, kindergarten and university was closed. as of 5 april 2021, the country has reported 134,867 cases, 3,940 deaths and a total of 109,297 recovered. to stop the spreading of the virus, the country had a strict 61-hour curfew every weekend. for holidays, like easter, the country had an 85-hour curfew. furthermore, the state of emergency which had expired was extended for 14 more days until 30 may, and then again for 14 more days until 13 june. norway main article: covid-19 pandemic in norway separation of an area near the driver, bus in trondheim, 15 march on 26 february, norway confirmed its first case, in a person who had returned from china the previous week. on 7 march, there were 147 confirmed cases in norway. most of the cases could either be linked to outbreaks abroad or close encounters with these. altogether 89 have been infected on travel in italy. on 12 march 2020, all kindergartens, schools, colleges and universities were closed until at least 26 march 2020. poland main article: covid-19 pandemic in poland the covid-19 pandemic in poland was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). in february and march 2020, health authorities in poland carried out laboratory testing of suspected cases of infection by sars-cov-2, as well as home quarantining and monitoring. on 4 march 2020, the first laboratory confirmed case in poland was announced in a man hospitalised in zielona góra. on march 10, 2020, the world health organization declared the local transmission phase of sars-cov-2 in poland. on march 12, 2020, the first death from coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19)