for example, immigrant health disparities in diabetic outcomes have been associated with a lower risk perception amongst foreign-born adults in the united states compared to their native-born counterparts, which leads to fewer protective lifestyle and treatment changes crucial for combatting diabetes. additionally, variations in patients' perceptions of time (i.e. taking rigorous, costly medication in the present for abstract beneficial future outcomes can conflict with patients' preferences for immediate versus delayed gratification) may also present severe consequences for adherence as diabetes medication often requires systematic, routine administration. hypertension hypertension non-compliance (93% in us, 70% in uk) is the main cause of uncontrolled hypertension-associated heart attack and stroke. in 1975, only about 50% took at least 80% of their prescribed anti-hypertensive medications. as a result of poor compliance, 75% of patients with a diagnosis of hypertension do not achieve optimum blood-pressure control. mental illness a 2003 review found that 41–59% of patients prescribed antipsychotics took the medication prescribed to them infrequently or not at all. sometimes non-adherence is due to lack of insight, but psychotic disorders can be episodic and antipsychotics are then use prophylactically to reduce the likelihood of relapse rather than treat symptoms and in some cases individuals will have no further episodes despite not using antipsychotics. a 2006 review investigated the effects of compliance therapy for schizophrenia: and found no clear evidence to suggest that compliance therapy was beneficial for people with schizophrenia and related syndromes. rheumatoid arthritis a longitudinal study has shown that adherence with treatment about 60%. the predictors of adherence were found to be more of psychological, communication and logistic nature rather than sociodemographic or clinical factors. the following factors were identified as independent predictors of adherence: the type of treatment prescribed agreement on treatment having received information on treatment adaptation clinician perception of patient trust