ros. to this extent, d. radiodurans mechanisms of protection against oxidative damage and of dna reparation could be the starting points in research aimed to develop medical procedures to prevent aging and cancer. some lines of investigation are focused on the application of d. radiodurans antioxidant systems in human cells to prevent ros damaging and the study of the development of resistance to radiation in tumoral cells. a nanotechnological application of d. radiodurans in the synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles has also been described. whereas chemical and physical methods to produce these nanoparticles are expensive and generate a huge amount of pollutants, biosynthetic processes represent an ecofriendly and cheaper alternative. the importance of these nanoparticles relies on their medical applications as they have been demonstrated to exhibit activity against pathogenic bacteria, antifouling effects, and cytotoxicity to tumoral cells. moreover, there are other uncommon applications of deinococcus radiodurans. the craig venter institute has used a system derived from the rapid dna repair mechanisms of d. radiodurans to assemble synthetic dna fragments into chromosomes, with the ultimate goal of producing a synthetic organism they call mycoplasma laboratorium. in 2003, u.s. scientists demonstrated d. radiodurans could be used as a means of information storage that might survive a nuclear catastrophe. they translated the song "it's a small world" into a series of dna segments 150 base pairs long, inserted these into the bacteria, and were able to retrieve them without errors 100 bacterial generations later. clues for future search of extremophile microbial life on mars when cultured and exposed to ionizing radiations in liquid media, deinococcus radiodurans could survive up to 25 kgy. horne et al. (2022) have studied the effects of desiccation and freezing on the microbial survivability to ionizing radiations considering the feasibility studies to return martian subsurface soil samples for microbial characterization and for determining the most favorable landing sites of a future robotic exploration mission. they found that the desiccated and frozen cells could resist to a 5.6 higher radiation dose: up to 140 kgy. they calculated that this could correspond to a theoretical survival time of 280 million years at a depth of 33 feet (10 m) below the present mars surface. however, this time scale is too short to allow microbial survival at a depth accessible to a rover equipped with a drilling system below the martian surface when compared to the moment when liquid water disappeared from the martian surface (2 – 2.5 ga ago). nevertheless, horne et al. (2022) consider the hypothesis that meteorite impacts could have dispersed martian soil and heated locally the subsurface during the geological history of mars, heating sporadically from time to time the local environment, melting the frozen ice and giving perhaps a chance to a hypothetical distant martian extremophile resembling its terrestrial cousin deinococcus radiodurans to grow again for short moment before to rapidly become again frozen and dormant for millions of years. so, for returning subsurface soil samples from mars for microbial characterization with a potentially "successful" mission like the european rosalind franklin rover, it would be necessary to target a relatively young impact crater to increase the chances of discovering dormant extremophile micro-organisms surviving in the dry and frozen martian subsurface environment relatively protected from the lethal ionizing radiations.