to this rural inequality, much of the elderly population lives in rural areas and face even more difficulties in accessing healthcare, and remains uninsured. like minority groups, health policy makers are also faced with challenges. first, a system that keeps basic wages low, but allows doctors to make money from prescriptions and investigations, leads to perverse incentives and inefficiency at all levels. second, as in many other countries, to develop systems of health insurance and community financing which will allow coverage for most people is a huge challenge when the population is aging and treatments are becoming more sophisticated and expensive. this is true especially in china, with the demographic transition model encouraging a larger aging population with the one-child policy. several different models have been developed across the country to attempt to address the problems, such as more recent, local, community-based programs.