echinoderm and flatworm mitochondrial code echinoderm and flatworm mitochondrial code the echinoderm and flatworm mitochondrial code (translation table 9) is a genetic code used by the mitochondria of certain echinoderm and flatworm species. the code aas = ffllssssyy**ccwwllllpppphhqqrrrriiimttttnnnkssssvvvvaaaaddeegggg starts = -----------------------------------m---------------m------------ base1 = ttttttttttttttttccccccccccccccccaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaagggggggggggggggg base2 = ttttccccaaaaggggttttccccaaaaggggttttccccaaaaggggttttccccaaaagggg base3 = tcagtcagtcagtcagtcagtcagtcagtcagtcagtcagtcagtcagtcagtcagtcagtcag bases: adenine (a), cytosine (c), guanine (g) and thymine (t) or uracil (u). amino acids: alanine (ala, a), arginine (arg, r), asparagine (asn, n), aspartic acid (asp, d), cysteine (cys, c), glutamic acid (glu, e), glutamine (gln, q), glycine (gly, g), histidine (his, h), isoleucine (ile, i), leucine (leu, l), lysine (lys, k), methionine (met, m), phenylalanine (phe, f), proline (pro, p), serine (ser, s), threonine (thr, t), tryptophan (trp, w), tyrosine (tyr, y), valine (val, v) differences from the standard code dna codonsrna codonsthis code (9)standard code (1) aaaaaaasn (n)lys (k) agaagaser (s)arg (r) aggaggser (s)arg (r) tgaugatrp (w)stop = ter (*) systematic range asterozoa (starfishes) echinozoa (sea urchins) rhabditophora among the platyhelminthes