levacetylmethadol levacetylmethadol levacetylmethadol (inn), levomethadyl acetate (usan), orlaam (trade name) or levo-α-acetylmethadol (laam) is a synthetic opioid similar in structure to methadone. it has a long duration of action due to its active metabolites. levacetylmethadolclinical datatrade namesorlaamroutes ofadministrationby mouthatc coden07bc03 (who) legal statuslegal status au: s8 (controlled drug) ca: schedule i de: anlage iii (special prescription form required) us: schedule ii pharmacokinetic dataprotein binding~80%metabolismcyp3a4elimination half-life2.6 daysidentifiers iupac name (3s,6s)-(6-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenyl-heptan-3-yl) acetate cas number1477-40-3 y 43033-72-3 (hydrochloride)pubchem cid15130iuphar/bps7212drugbank15130 nchemspider14401 nuniir3b637y991keggd04716 ychemblchembl1514 ncomptox dashboard (epa)dtxsid3023211 chemical and physical dataformulac23h31no2molar mass353.498 g·mol−13d model (jsmol)interactive image smiles cc(c(c(c)n(c)c)(c1=cc=cc=c1)c2=cc=cc=c2)oc(=o)c inchi inchi=1s/c23h31no2/c1-6-22(26-19(3)25)23(17-18(2)24(4)5,20-13-9-7-10-14-20)21-15-11-8-12-16-21/h7-16,18,22h,6,17h2,1-5h3/t18-,22-/m0/s1 nkey:xbmivrrwgcybtq-avrdedqjsa-n n ny (what is this?) (verify) medical uses laam is indicated as a second-line treatment for the treatment and management of opioid dependence if patients fail to respond to drugs like methadone or buprenorphine. laam is used as an oral solution of laam hydrochloride at a concentration of 10 mg/ml in bottles of 120 and 500 ml under the brand name orlaam. the first dose of laam for patients who have not started treatment with methadone is 20–40 mg. the first dose for patients who have been receiving methadone will be a little higher than the amount of methadone that was being taken every day, but not more than 120 mg. afterwards, the dosage may be adjusted as needed. unlike methadone, which requires daily administration, laam is administered two to three times a week. pharmacology pharmacodynamics laam acts as a μ-opioid receptor agonist.it also acts as a potent, noncompetitive α3β4 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. pharmacokinetics laam undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism to the active demethylated metabolite nor-laam, which is further demethylated to a second active metabolite, dinor-laam. these metabolites are more potent than the parent drug. chemistry laam, or levomethadyl acetate, is the levo isomer of acetylmethadol, or α-methadyl acetate. the dextro isomer, d-alphacetylmethadol (d-α-acetylmethadol), is more potent but shorter acting. the levo isomer is also less toxic with an ld50 in mice of 110 mg/kg s.c. and 172.8 mg/kg orally as opposed to ld50s of 61 mg/kg s.c. and 118.3 mg/kg orally for dl-α-methadyl acetate. it has a melting point of 215 °c and a molecular weight of 353.50. β-methadyl acetate also exists, however it is more toxic and less active than α-methadyl acetate and has no current medical use. history laam was approved in 1993 by the u.s. food and drug administration for use in the treatment of opioid dependence. in 2001, laam was removed from the european market due to reports of life-threatening ventricular rhythm disorders. in 2003, roxane laboratories, inc. discontinued orlaam in the us. society and culture legal status before august 1993, laam was classified as a schedule i drug in the united states. laam is not approved for use in australia and canada. at present, it is a schedule ii narcotic controlled substance in the united states with a dea acscn of 9648 and a national aggregate annual manufacturing quota of 4 grammes as of 2013.