is detected. the bill passed the house by a vote of 53–16 on april 16, 2021, and the senate on april 21, 2021, by a vote of 25–7 and was later signed into law by governor brad little on april 29, 2021. the law included exceptions for cases of rape, incest, and when the mother's life is in danger. the law goes into effect if another similar ban is upheld by appellate court. iowa on may 4, 2018, governor kim reynolds signed into law a bill that would ban abortion in iowa after a fetal heartbeat is detected, starting july 1, 2018. on january 22, 2019, a county district judge declared the law to be in violation of iowa's state constitution and entered a permanent injunction prohibiting its enforcement. see the iowa lawsuit section of this article under the legal challenges heading for more details related to the litigation over iowa's fetal heartbeat bill. kansas the bill was introduced and referred to committee in february 2013. the bill was presented to the kansas house in march 2013. the bill was known as house bill 2324, "an act prohibiting an abortion of an unborn human individual with a detectable fetal heartbeat." one outspoken advocate of such bills is mark gietzen, who has tried to gather as many signatures as possible in order to get sam brownback to convene a special session of congress in order to consider the bill. gietzen also advocated for a fetal heartbeat law to be passed during a special session of the kansas legislature, to be held on september 3, 2013. hb 2324 died in committee in may 2014. kentucky two bills which seek to prohibit abortions after a fetal heartbeat is detected have been filed in the kentucky general assembly in 2019. sen. matt castlen introduced sb 9 in the kentucky senate on january 8, 2019. on february 14, 2019, sb 9 passed out of the kentucky senate by a 31–6 vote. the bill was received in the house on february 15, 2019. damon thayer, the senate republican floor leader said sb 9 "absolutely" was a priority for the chamber and said he would be delighted if it became law and ended up before the u.s. supreme court as a means to overturn to roe v. wade "it would be the pinnacle of my career," he said. on march 14, 2019, the kentucky house passed sb 9 by a vote of 71–19. as of april 2019, the aclu filed suit to challenge it and a federal judge blocked enforcement until the final ruling in district court. a similar bill by rep. robert goforth was introduced in the kentucky house of representatives. the bill, hb 100, which was prefiled on december 13, 2018, was referred to the health and family services committee on january 10, 2019. when asked about the heartbeat bill, rep. goforth, who announced his candidacy for governor of kentucky on january 8, 2019, the same day the bill was introduced, said he would be pleased if kentucky or one of the other states considering similar measures enacted such a law and, in the event of court challenge, took the case to the u.s. supreme court in an effort to overturn roe v. wade. previous fetal heartbeat bills filed in kentucky have failed to pass. a fetal heartbeat bill, hb 132, was introduced on january 7, 2014, by joseph fischer. the bill was referred to the house health and welfare committee on march 19, 2014, where the bill died. in 2013, rep. fischer introduced the same bill with the same bill number (hb 132) on january 11, 2013. the bill was referred to the house health and welfare committee on february 20, 2013, where the bill died. maryland two fetal heartbeat bills have been filed in the maryland house of delegates in 2019. on february 8, 2019, ric metzgar filed hb 933. on february 8, 2019, robin l. grammer, jr. filed hb 978, a bill entitled "keep our hearts beating act." minnesota on january 22, 2019, tim miller filed hf 271 in the minnesota house of representatives. mississippi in 2018, three heartbeat bills were filed in mississippi; all of which died in committee. in 2017, three heartbeat bills were filed in mississippi; all of which died in committee. in 2014, sen. joey fillingane, filed a heartbeat bill in the mississippi state senate. the bill died in committee. in 2013, hb 6, was introduced in january and died in committee on february 5, 2013. another fetal heartbeat bill filed in 2019, hb 529 by robert foster died the house judiciary a committee on february 5, 2019. three fetal heartbeat bills were filed in the mississippi legislature in january 2019. sb 2116, by sen. angela burks hill was referred to the public health and welfare committee on january 11, 2019. hb 732, by rep. chris brown was referred to the public health and human services committee on january 17, 2019. after passing out of their respective committees on february 5, 2019, both sb 2116 and hb 732, were passed out of the mississippi senate and mississippi house on february 13, 2019. on march 19, 2019, the senate concurred in the house amendments to sb 2116, and on march 22, 2019, the fetal heartbeat bill was signed into law by mississippi governor phil bryant. missouri two fetal heartbeat bills have been filed in missouri on january 9, 2019. sb 139 was filed in the missouri senate by sen. andrew koenig; the bill is pending in the health and pensions committee. hb 126 was filed in the missouri house of representatives by rep. nick schroer. on january 30, 2019, hb 126 was referred to the children and families committee, and on february 12, 2019, a public hearing on the bill was completed. on february 21, 2018, hb 126 was voted out of committee to the full house with the recommendation that it "do pass." on february 27, 2019, hb 126 was passed out of the missouri house and was sent to the state senate. missouri's house speaker elijah haahr has said he supports the "heartbeat bill" calling it a top priority for the 2019 session. when asked if he would sign a fetal heartbeat bill, governor mike parson said, "i've been pro-life my entire career, and i support that all the time." the bill was signed on may 24, 2019, with an effective date of august 28, 2019. the bill bans abortions after 8 weeks, with no exceptions for rape or incest. north dakota north dakota hb 1456 was signed into law in march 2013 by jack dalrymple, who stated that it was "a legitimate attempt by a state legislature to discover the boundaries of roe v. wade." a federal district court found that it clearly violated the constitutional protections afforded in roe v. wade and it was quickly blocked. in july of that year, a lawsuit had been filed with regard to the law by the center for reproductive rights (crr), on behalf of the only abortion clinic in north dakota, red river women's clinic. in july 2015, the 8th u.s. circuit court of appeals blocked the bill. the case was appealed to the supreme court, but the court denied a writ of certiorari in january 2016 and let stand the decision of the 8th circuit court of appeals. ohio in ohio, a fetal heartbeat bill, hb 125, was co-authored by janet porter, was introduced in the state legislature in october 2011. the bill was shelved by the republican majority senate to avoid controversy. this bill was notably supported by jack willke. the original bill was authored by janet porter of faith2action; former governor john kasich vetoed it twice prior to its passing. a related law was signed in ohio in 2013 (hb 248) by john kasich, which mandates, among other things, that doctors who do not test for a fetal heartbeat must be subject to criminal penalties; specifically, "the doctor's failure to do so would be a first-degree misdemeanor, carrying up to six months in jail, for the first violation and a fourth-degree felony, carrying up to 18 months in jail, for subsequent violations." a further fetal heartbeat bill, based on porter's original, was introduced on august 14, 2013, by lynn wachtmann and others. on march 25, 2015, another heartbeat bill (house bill 69) passed the ohio house of representatives. the guardian reported that "the bill is unlikely to go any further, facing stiff opposition in the senate as well as from john kasich, the republican governor of ohio." on december 6, 2016, the ohio senate added a heartbeat ban provision to an unrelated bill, house bill 493, previously passed by the ohio house of representatives. the bill was returned to the house and passed by the house the same day. the bill as passed would make abortion after the detection of a fetal heartbeat a fifth-degree felony except in cases where a physician judges the abortion necessary "to prevent the death of the pregnant woman or to prevent a serious risk of the substantial and irreversible impairment of a major bodily function of the pregnant woman." on december 13, 2016, kasich vetoed the bill, on the basis that it was unconstitutional and would almost certainly be struck down if challenged in court. the ohio house of representatives considered whether to override kasich's veto, which would require a three-fifths vote in both the house and the senate. however, the house leadership opted not to call lawmakers back to columbus before the end of the year, ensuring kasich's veto would stand. the bill passed the ohio senate with a vote of 21 yeas, out of 33 seats in the senate; it received 10 nays: house bill 493 – final vote in the senate party votes for votes against abstained/absent republican (23) 21 baconbaldersonbeagleburkeeklundfabergardnerhacketthitehottingerhughesjonesjordanlaroselehnerobhofoelslagerpattonpetersonseitzuecker 2 coleyg. manning – democratic (10) – 8 cafarogentilesawyerschiavoniskindelltavaresthomaswilliams 2 brownyuko total (33) 21 10 2 in the house of representatives, the bill passed the ohio house with a vote of 56 yeas, out of 99 seats in the house; it received 39 nays: house bill 493 – final vote in the house of representatives party votes for votes against abstained/absent republican (65) 55 ron amstutzniraj antaninan bakerjohn beckerlouis blessingterry booseandrew brennertom brinkmanjim buchytony burkleyjim butlermargaret condittrobert cuppbill deanjonathan deveranthony devitismike dovillatim ginterwesley goodmandoug greenchristina hagandave hallsteve hambleybill hayesmichael hennebrian hillron hoodsteve huffmancandice kellerkyle koehleral landissarah latouretterob mccolleyderek merrindorothy pelandarick peralesbill reinekewes retherfordjeff rezabekkristina roegnermark romanchukcliff rosenbergermargaret ruhlscott ryantim schaffergary schererkirk schuringmarilyn slabyryan smithrobert spraguelouis terharandy thompsonnino vitaleron youngpaul zeltwanger 7 marlene anielskisteve arndtmike duffeytheresa gavaronecheryl grossmanstephanie kunzenathan manning 3 anne gonzalesterry johnsonron maag democratic (34) 1 bill patmon 32 nickie antoniomichael ashfordjohn e. barnes jr.heather bishoffjohn boccierikristin boggskevin boycejanine boydchristie bryantnicholas j. celebrezzejack cerakathleen clydehearcel craigmichael curtindenise driehausteresa fedorstephanie howsegreta johnsondavid j. lelandmichele lepore-haganmichael o'briensean o'brienjohn pattersondebbie phillipsdan ramosalicia reecejohn rogersmichael sheehykent smithfred strahornmartin j. sweeneyemilia sykes 1 stephen slesnick total (99) 56 39 4 two fetal heartbeat bills were introduced in the ohio general assembly in 2019, marking the 133rd session of the ohio general assembly as the fifth time such legislation has been proposed in the state. on february 11, 2019, christina hagan and ron hood filed hb 68, which was introduced in the ohio house of representatives on february 12, 2019. on february 12, 2019, kristina roegner filed sb 23 in the ohio senate; the bill was referred to the health, human services and medicaid committee on february 13, 2019. on february 21, 2019, the president of the ohio senate, larry obhof pledged to pass sb 23 out of the upper chamber stating, "we are going to pass that bill by the middle of march. i have no doubt at all." on march 13, 2019, sb 23 was passed out of the ohio senate by a vote of 19 to 13. the next month, the ohio house amended the bill, and passed it, 56–40; the changes were ratified in the senate, 18–13. the bill was signed into law by governor mike dewine on april 11, 2019. on july 3, 2019, a federal judge blocked the implementation of the bill temporarily, just days before the law was to take effect. oklahoma a fetal heartbeat bill (sb 1274) was signed into law by then-oklahoma governor mary fallin in april 2012 that