many questions regarding prognosis. recent therapeutic advances in the management of jia have made inactive disease and clinical remission achievable goals for the majority of children with access to modern treatments. clinical remission can be defined as the absence of signs and symptoms of inflammatory disease activity, including extra-articular manifestations of the disease. differentiating subtypes of jia helps to target treatment and leads to more positive outcomes, however subtype is not the only predictor of jia outcome. poor prognostic factors include arthritis of the hip, cervical spine, ankles or wrists; prolonged elevation of inflammatory markers; and radiographic evidence of joint damage including erosions or joint space narrowing. patients with rf-positive polyarthritis often have worse outcomes associated with more aggressive disease. despite this, the probability of this subgroup achieving inactive disease at least once within five years was shown to be 90% in a large canadian study. research is currently being undertaken into clinical prediction models to allow earlier identification of children who are likely to have a worse prognosis. compliance with therapy, especially medication, has a positive correlation with disease outcome. research into specific jia biomarkers is currently underway, with the goal of forming more personalized treatment plans, reducing medication side effects and improving remission rates. current areas of investigation include clinical, protein, genetic and radiological markers, amongst others. children with jia demonstrate similar levels of depression and anxiety to children with other chronic diseases; however, causality has not been established. the unpredictable and undulating course of jia disease activity and the need for ongoing procedural interventions may contribute. it has been previously suggested that children with jia are at an increased risk of malignancies when being treated with anti-tnf therapy. more recent data has not confirmed this association: it is thought that the disease itself is linked with a slightly higher background risk of malignancy. ongoing data analysis on large patient populations continues in this area. epidemiology juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most common, chronic rheumatic disease of childhood. in high-income countries, yearly incidence has been estimated at 2–20 cases per 100,000 population; prevalence in these areas is estimated at 16–150 cases per 100,000 population. however, there is also a suggestion that these numbers underestimate disease prevalence: one community-based survey of school children in western australia reported a prevalence of 400 per 100,000. overall prevalence is often summarised as one per thousand children. incidence and prevalence data vary across different population and ethnic groups, with lower overall prevalence in afro-caribbean and asian populations. there are also ethnic differences in the frequency of jia subtypes: for example, oligoarthritis is the most common subtype in european populations, whilst polyarticular disease predominates in many other countries including costa rica, india, new zealand, and south africa. there are differences in age of onset, gender and disease outcomes based on jia subtype: these are outlined in the table above. terminology the terminology used to describe jia is evolving, and each term has some limitations. previous terminology included juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile chronic arthritis. these terms were replaced in 1997 with the release of the revised ilar (international league of associations for rheumatology) classification criteria. there is currently an international movement underway to further revise the classification criteria for jia, although this is in a preliminary phase. mesh uses "juvenile arthritis" as the primary entry, and uses "idiopathic", "chronic" and "rheumatoid" in alternate entries. society some famous people with this condition are: antoni gaudi, architect clark middleton, actor claire cottrill, singer-songwriter rosemary sutcliff, author