nordazepam nordazepam nordazepam (inn; marketed under brand names nordaz, stilny, madar, vegesan, and calmday; also known as nordiazepam, desoxydemoxepam, and desmethyldiazepam) is a 1,4-benzodiazepine derivative. like other benzodiazepine derivatives, it has amnesic, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, and sedative properties. however, it is used primarily in the treatment of anxiety disorders. it is an active metabolite of diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, prazepam, pinazepam, and medazepam. nordazepamclinical dataother namesnordiazepam, desoxydemoxepam, desmethyldiazepamahfs/drugs.cominternational drug namespregnancycategory ? routes ofadministrationoralatc coden05ba16 (who) legal statuslegal status ca: schedule iv de: prescription only (anlage iii for higher doses) us: schedule iv pharmacokinetic databioavailability?metabolismhepaticelimination half-life36-200 hoursexcretionrenalidentifiers iupac name 7-chloro-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one cas number1088-11-5 ypubchem cid2997drugbankdb14028 nchemspider2890 yunii67220mcm01keggd08283 ychebichebi:111762 ychemblchembl523 ycomptox dashboard (epa)dtxsid2049000 echa infocard100.012.840 chemical and physical dataformulac15h11cln2omolar mass270.72 g·mol−13d model (jsmol)interactive image smiles clc1=cc2=c(c=c1)nc(cn=c2c3=cc=cc=c3)=o inchi inchi=1s/c15h11cln2o/c16-11-6-7-13-12(8-11)15(17-9-14(19)18-13)10-4-2-1-3-5-10/h1-8h,9h2,(h,18,19) ykey:akplhcdwdrpjgd-uhfffaoysa-n y ny (what is this?) (verify) nordazepam is among the longest lasting (longest half-life) benzodiazepines, and its occurrence as a metabolite is responsible for most cumulative side-effects of its myriad of pro-drugs when they are used repeatedly at moderate-high doses; the nordazepam metabolite oxazepam is also active (and is a more potent, full bzd-site agonist), which contributes to nordazepam cumulative side-effects but occur too minutely to contribute to the cumulative side-effects of nordazepam pro-drugs (except when they are abused chronically in extremely supra-therapeutic doses). side effects common side effects of nordazepam include somnolence, which is more common in elderly patients and/or people on high-dose regimens. hypotonia, which is much less common, is also associated with high doses and/or old age. contraindications and special caution benzodiazepines require special precaution if used in the elderly, during pregnancy, in children, alcohol- or drug-dependent individuals, and individuals with comorbid psychiatric disorders. as with many other drugs, changes in liver function associated with aging or diseases such as cirrhosis, may lead to impaired clearance of nordazepam. pharmacology nordazepam is a partial agonist at the gabaa receptor, which makes it less potent than other benzodiazepines, particularly in its amnesic and muscle-relaxing effects. its elimination half life is between 36 and 200 hours, with wide variation among individuals; factors such as age and sex are known to impact it. the variation of reported half-lives are attributed to differences in nordazepam metabolism and that of its metabolites as nordazepam is hydroxylated to active metabolites such as oxazepam, before finally being glucuronidated and excreted in the urine. this can be attributed to extremely variable hepatic and renal metabolic functions among individuals depending upon a number of factors (including age, ethnicity, disease, and current or previous use/abuse of other drugs/medicines). pregnancy and nursing mothers nordazepam, like other benzodiazepines, easily crosses the placental barrier, so the drug should not be administered during the first trimester of pregnancy. in case of serious medical reasons, nordazepam can be given in late pregnancy, but the fetus, due to the pharmacological action of the drug, may experience side effects such as hypothermia, hypotonia, and sometimes mild respiratory depression. since nordazepam and other benzodiazepines are excreted in breast milk, the substance should not be administered to mothers who are breastfeeding. discontinuing of breast-feeding is indicated for regular intake by the mother. recreational use