to normal activities compared with abdominal less bleeding, fevers, infections compared with abdominal surgery associated with a high quality of life in the long term, compared with abdominal increased length of surgery requires a high degree of laparoscopic surgical skills may have a higher risk of bladder or ureter injury single-port laparoscopic hysterectomy / mini laparoscopic hysterectomy improved cosmetic outcomes compared with conventional laparoscopic hysterectomy more research required no significant clinical improvements compared with conventional laparoscopic hysterectomy robotic-assisted hysterectomy may result in shorter hospital stays more research required similar complication rate compared with conventional laparoscopic longer surgical times increased cost more research required incidence canada in canada, the number of hysterectomies between 2008 and 2009 was almost 47,000. the national rate for the same timeline was 338 per 100,000 population, down from 484 per 100,000 in 1997. the reasons for hysterectomies differed depending on whether the woman was living in an urban or rural location. urban women opted for hysterectomies due to uterine fibroids and rural women had hysterectomies mostly for menstrual disorders. united states hysterectomy is the second most common major surgery among women in the united states (the first is cesarean section). in the 1980s and 1990s, this statistic was the source of concern among some consumer rights groups and puzzlement among the medical community, and brought about informed choice advocacy groups like hysterectomy educational resources and services (hers) foundation, founded by nora w. coffey in 1982. according to the national center for health statistics, of the 617,000 hysterectomies performed in 2004, 73% also involved the surgical removal of the ovaries. there are currently an estimated 22 million women in the united states who have undergone this procedure. nearly 68 percent were performed for benign conditions such as endometriosis, irregular bleeding and uterine fibroids. such rates being highest in the industrialized world has led to the controversy that hysterectomies are being largely performed for unwarranted reasons. more recent data suggests that the number of hysterectomies performed has declined in every state in the united states. from 2010 to 2013, there were 12 percent fewer hysterectomies performed, and the types of hysterectomies were more minimally invasive in nature, reflected by a 17 percent increase in laparoscopic procedures. united kingdom in the uk, 1 in 5 women is likely to have a hysterectomy by the age of 60, and ovaries are removed in about 20% of hysterectomies. germany the number of hysterectomies in germany has been constant for many years. in 2006, 149,456 hysterectomies were performed. additionally, of these, 126,743 (84.8%) successfully benefitted the patient without incident. women between the ages of 40 and 49 accounted for 50 percent of hysterectomies, and those between the ages of 50 and 59 accounted for 20 percent. in 2007, the number of hysterectomies decreased to 138,164. in recent years, the technique of laparoscopic or laparoscopically assisted hysterectomies has been raised into the foreground. denmark in denmark, the number of hysterectomies from the 1980s to the 1990s decreased by 38 percent. in 1988, there were 173 such surgeries per 100,000 women, and by 1998 this number had been reduced to 107. the proportion of abdominal supracervical hysterectomies in the same time period grew from 7.5 to 41 percent. a total of 67,096 women underwent hysterectomy during these years.