made mandatory. a frank luntz poll in mid-april 2021 found a rise in vaccine confidence from the previous month, despite the pause of the johnson and johnson vaccine. a later poll by the washington post and abc news found that 86% of self-identified democrats surveyed had received at least one dose, as opposed to 45% of self-identified republicans. in july 2021, the new york times noted that there were two groups of americans who remained hesitant to get the vaccine, the first group being "a mix of people but tend to be disproportionately white, rural, evangelical christian and politically conservative" and the second group being "a broad range of people, but tend to be a more diverse and urban group, including many younger people, black and latino americans, and democrats." at the end of november 2022, "only about 13% of those eligible ha received an updated booster dose."