(common flexor tendon)bases of second metacarpal, base of third metacarpalradial arteryflexes and abducts wristextensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus 158 palmaris longuspalmar aponeurosisulnar arteryflexes wristextensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi ulnaris 159 flexor carpi ulnarispisiform, hook of hamate, base of fifth metacarpalmuscular branches of ulnar nerveflexes and adducts wristextensor carpi ulnaris 160 flexor digitorum superficialismedial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon), parts of radius and ulnabases of middle phalanges 2, 3, 4, and 5median nerveflexes fingers (primarily at proximal interphalangeal joints)extensor digitorum 161 deep muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. pronator quadratusmedial anterior surface of ulnalateral anterior surface of radiusanterior interosseous arteryanterior interosseous nerve (median nerve)weakly pronates forearmsupinator 162 flexor digitorum profundusulnadistal phalangeslateral belly: anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) medial belly: muscular branches of ulnar nerve flexes wrist, flexes interphalangeal jointsextensor digitorum 163 flexor pollicis longusmiddle half of volar surface of radius, interosseus membranebase of distal phalanx of thumbanterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) (c8, t1)flexes thumbextensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis 164 superficial muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. extensor digitorumlateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)2nd–5th phalangesposterior interosseous arteryposterior interosseous nerve (c7, c8)extends hand, extends fingersflexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus 165 extensor digiti minimianterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)extensor expansion, located at base of proximal phalanx on dorsal sideextends little finger at all jointsflexor digiti minimi brevis 166 extensor carpi ulnarislateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon), ulna5th metacarpalulnar arteryextends and adducts wristflexor carpi ulnaris 167 mobile wad brachioradialislateral supracondylar ridge of humerusradial styloid process (distal radius)radial recurrent arteryradial nerveflexes forearm, pronates forearm when supine, supinates forearm when prone 168 extensor carpi radialis longus2nd metacarpalradial arteryextends wrist joint, abducts hand at wristflexor carpi radialis 169 extensor carpi radialis brevisanterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)base of 3rd metacarpalposterior interosseus nerve 170 deep muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. supinatorlateral epicondyle of humerus, supinator crest of ulna, radial collateral ligament, annular ligamentlateral proximal shaft of radiusradial recurrent arteryposterior interosseus nerve (c7, c8)supinates forearmpronator teres, pronator quadratus 171 extensor indicisulnaindex finger (extensor hood)extends index finger, wrist 172 anatomical snuff box abductor pollicis longusulnafirst metacarpalposterior interosseous arteryposterior interosseous nerve (c7, c8)abducts and extends thumbadductor pollicis 173 extensor pollicis brevisradius, interosseous membrane of forearmproximal phalanx of thumbextends thumb at metacarpophalangeal jointflexor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis 174 extensor pollicis longusulna, interosseous membrane of forearmdistal phalanx of thumbextends thumb (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal) 175 thenar muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. opponens pollicistrapezium, transverse carpal ligamentmetacarpal bone of thumb on its radial sidesuperficial palmar archmedian nerveopposes thumb 176 flexor pollicis brevistrapezoid, flexor retinaculumthumb, proximal phalanxmedian nerve, deep branch of ulnar nerve (medial head)flexes thumbextensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis 177 abductor pollicis brevisflexor retinaculum of hand, scaphoid and trapeziumradial base of proximal phalanx of thumb and thumb extensorsmedian nerveabducts thumbadductor pollicis 178 adductor pollicistransverse head: anterior body of third metacarpaloblique head: bases of second and third metacarpals and adjacent trapezoid and capitate bonesmedial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb and ulnar sesamoiddeep palmar archdeep branch of ulnar nerve (t1)adducts thumb at carpometacarpal jointabductor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis brevis 179 medial volar muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. palmaris brevisflexor retinaculum (medial), palmar aponeurosispalmpalmar metacarpal arterysuperficial branch of ulnar nervewrinkle skin of palm 180 hypothenar abductor digiti minimipisiformbase of proximal phalanx of 5th digit on ulnar or medial sideulnar arterydeep branch of ulnar nerveabducts little finger 181 flexor digiti minimi brevishamate bonelittle fingerdeep branch of ulnar nerveflexes little fingerextensor digiti minimi 182 opponens digiti minimihook of hamate, flexor retinaculummedial border of 5th metacarpaldeep branch of ulnar nerve (c8 and t1)draws 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it, bringing little finger (5th digit) into opposition with thumb 183 intermediate muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. lumbricalflexor digitorum profundusextensor expansionsuperficial palmar arch, common palmar digital arteries, deep palmar arch, dorsal digital arterydeep branch of ulnar nerve, median nerveflex metacarpophalangeal joints, extend interphalangeal joints 184 dorsal interosseimetacarpalsproximal phalangesdorsal metacarpal artery, palmar metacarpal arterydeep branch of ulnar nerveabduct fingerspalmar interossei 185 palmar interosseipalmar metacarpal arteryadduct fingersdorsal interossei 186 lower limb iliac region muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. iliopsoasiliac fossa (iliacus), sacrum (iliacus), spine (t12, l1, lumbar vertebra, psoas major, psoas minor)lesser trochanter of femur (psoas major), shaft below lesser trochanter (iliacus), tendon of psoas major & femur (iliacus)medial femoral circumflex artery, iliolumbar arteryfemoral nerve, lumbar nerves l1, l2flexes hip (psoas major/minor, iliacus), spine rotation (psoas major/minor)gluteus maximus, posterior compartment of thigh 187 psoas majortransverse processes, bodies and intervertebral discs of t12-l5 vertebraelesser trochanter of femuriliolumbar arterylumbar plexus via anterior branches of l1, l2, l3 flexes and rotates laterally thighgluteus maximus 188 psoas minorside of t11+l1 and iv intervertebral discpectineal line and iliopectineal eminenceiliolumbar artery, lumbar arteriesl1weakly flexes trunk flexor 189 iliacusiliac fossalesser trochanter of femurmedial femoral circumflex artery, iliolumbar arteryfemoral nerve (l2, l3)flexes hip 190 gluteal muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. tensor fasciae lataeiliac crestiliotibial tractprimarily lateral circumflex femoral artery, superior gluteal arterysuperior gluteal nerve (l4, l5)flexes thigh, medially rotates thigh, stabilises torso 191 gluteal gluteus maximusgluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligamentgluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tractsuperior gluteal artery, inferior gluteal arteryinferior gluteal nerve (l5, s1, s2 nerve roots)externally rotates and extends hip joint, supports extended knee through iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sittingiliacus, psoas major, psoas minor 192 gluteus mediusgluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus maximusgreater trochanter of femursuperior gluteal arterysuperior gluteal nerve (l4, l5, s1 nerve roots)abduction of hip; preventing adduction of hip medial rotation of thighlateral rotator group 193 gluteus minimusgluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus medius 194 lateral rotator groupat or below acetabulum of iliumon or near greater trochanter of femurinferior gluteal artery, lateral sacral artery, superior gluteal arteryobturator nerve, piriformis nerve, nerve to quadratus femorislaterally rotates hipgluteus minimus, gluteus medius 195 piriformissacrumgreater trochanterpiriformis nerve (s1 and s2 nerve roots)laterally rotates (outward) thigh 196 obturator externusobturator foramen and obturatory membranemedial surface of greater trochanter of femurobturator arteryposterior branch of obturator nerve (l3, l4)adduct thigh, rotate laterally thigh 197 superior gemellusischial spine nerve to obturator internus (l5, s1, s2) 198 obturator internusischiopubic ramus, obturator membranemedial surface of greater trochanter of femurabducts & rotates laterally thigh, stabilises hip during walking 199 inferior gemellusischial tuberosityobturator internus tendonnerve to quadratus femoris (l4, l5, s1)laterally rotates thigh 200 quadratus femorisintertrochanteric crestinferior gluteal artery 201 anterior compartment muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. articularis genusfemursuprapatellar bursafemoral arteryfemoral nervepulls suprapatellar bursa during extension of knee 202 sartoriussuperior to anterior superior iliac spinemedial side of upper tibia in pes anserinusflexes, laterally rotates, and abducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg 203 quadriceps femoriscombined rectus femoris and vastus musclespatella and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendonextends knee, flexes hip (rectus femoris only)hamstring 204 rectus femorisanterior inferior iliac spine and exterior surface of bony ridge which forms iliac portion of acetabulumknee extension; hip flexion 205 vastus lateralisgreater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera of femurextends knee 206 vastus intermediusanterior surface of femur 207 vastus medialisanteromedial surface of femur 208 posterior compartment/hamstring muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. hamstring quadriceps femoris 209 biceps femorislong head: ischial tuberosity short head: linea aspera of femur head of fibula articulating with back of lateral tibial condyleinferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries, popliteal arterylong head: medial (tibial) part of sciatic nerve short head: lateral (common fibular) part of sciatic nerve flexes knee joint, laterally rotates leg at knee (when knee is flexed), extends hip joint (long head only) 210 semitendinosusischial tuberositypes anserinusinferior gluteal artery, perforating arteriessciatic nerve (tibial, l5, s1, s2)flexes knee, extends hip, medially rotates leg at knee 211 semimembranosusmedial surface of tibiaprofunda femoris, gluteal arterysciatic nerve 212 medial compartment muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. adductor muscles of the hippubisfemur, tibiaobturator arteryobturator nerveadducts hipgluteus medius, gluteus minimus 213 gracilisinferior pubic ramustibia (pes anserinus)anterior branch of obturator nerveadducts hip, flexes hip, medially rotates knee 214 pectineussuperior pubic ramuslesser trochanter, linea asperafemoral nerve and obturator nerve (medial compartment)flexes and adducts hip 215 adductor brevisanterior surface of inferior pubic ramuslesser trochanter and linea aspera of femuranterior branch of obturator nerveadducts hip 216 adductor longuspubic body just below pubic crestmiddle third of linea asperaadducts and medially rotates hip 217 adductor magnusfemur, adductor tubercle of femurposterior branch of obturator nerve (adductor) and tibial part of sciatic nerve (vertical head)adducts hip 218 anterior compartment muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. tibialis anteriorbody of tibiamedial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of footanterior tibial arterydeep fibular nervedorsiflexes and inverts footfibularis longus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, tibialis posterior 219 extensor hallucis longusmiddle portion of anterior surface of fibula, anterior surface of interosseous membranedorsal side of base of distal phalanx of halluxextends big toe, assists in dorsiflexion of foot at ankle, weakly inverts footflexor hallucis longus, flexor hallucis brevis 220 extensor digitorum longuslateral condyle of tibia, superior ¾ of interosseous membranemiddle and distal phalanges of lateral four digitsextension of toes and ankleflexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis 221 fibularis tertiusdistal anterior surface of fibuladorsal surface of fifth metatarsaldorsi flexes and everts foot 222 superficial muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. triceps suraeachilles tendon, calcaneusposterior tibial arterytibial nerveplantarflexes ankle 223 gastrocnemiusmedial condyle and lateral condyle of femurcalcaneussural arteriestibial nerve from sciatic nerve, specifically, nerve roots s1, s2plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee (minor)tibialis anterior 224 soleusfibula, medial border of tibia (soleal line)tendo calcaneustibial nerve, specifically, nerve roots l5–s2plantarflexes ankle 225 plantarislateral supracondylar ridge of femur above lateral head of gastrocnemiuscalcaneal tendon (medial side, deep to gastrocnemius tendon)tibial nerveplantarflexes ankle, flexes knee 226 deep muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. popliteusmiddle facet of lateral surface of lateral femoral condyleposterior tibia under tibial condylespopliteal arterytibial nervemedially rotates and flexes knee 227 tarsal tunnel flexor hallucis longusposterior surface of upper 1/3 of fibulabase of distal phalanx of halluxfibular artery (peroneal branch of posterior tibial arterytibial nerve, s1, s2 nerve rootsflexes all joints of big toe, plantarflexes ankleextensor hallucis longus 228 flexor digitorum longusmedial tibiadistal phalanges of lateral four digitsposterior tibial arterytibial nerveflexes toesextensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis 229 tibialis posteriortibia, fibulanavicular, medial cuneiforminverts foot, plantarflexes foot at ankletibialis anterior 230 lateral compartment muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. fibularis longusfibulafirst metatarsal, medial cuneiformfibular arterysuperficial fibular nerveplantarflexes and everts ankletibialis anterior 231 fibularis brevisfibulafifth metatarsalfibular arterysuperficial fibular nerveplantarflexes and everts ankletibialis posterior 232 dorsal muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. extensor digitorum breviscalcaneustoesdeep fibular nerveextends digits 2, 3, and 4flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis 233 extensor hallucis brevisbase of proximal phalanx of big toedeep fibular nerveextends big toeflexor hallucis brevis 234 dorsal interossei of footmetatarsalsproximal phalangeslateral plantar nerve(fourth interosseous space: superficial branch others: deep branch), first and second interossei: lateral branch of deep fibular nerveabducts toesplantar interossei 235 first layer muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. abductor hallucismedial process of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosismedial side of base of proximal phalanx of first digitmedial plantar nerveabducts halluxadductor hallucis 236 flexor digitorum brevismedial process of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septamiddle phalanges of digits 2–5flexes lateral four toesextensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis 237 abductor digiti minimiplantar aponeurosisphalanges of fifth toelateral plantar arterylateral plantar nerve (s1, s2)flexes and abducts fifth toeflexor digiti minimi brevis 238 second layer muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. quadratus plantaecalcaneustendons of flexor digitorum longuslateral plantar nerve (s1, s2)flexes distal interphalangeal joints (assists flexor digitorum longus) 239 lumbricalstendons of flexor digitorum longusmedial surface of extensor expansion of proximal phalanges of lateral four toeslateral plantar artery, plantar arch, four plantar metatarsal arterieslateral plantar nerve (lateral three lumbricals) and medial plantar nerve (first lumbrical)maintain extension of digits at interphalangeal joints 240 third layer muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. flexor hallucis brevisplantar surface of cuneiforms, plantar calcaneocuboid ligament, long plantar ligament medial head: medial sesamoid bone of metatarsophalangeal joint, proximal phalanx of great toe lateral head: lateral sesamoid bone of metatarsophalangeal joint, proximal phalanx of great toe medial plantar nerveflexes big toeextensor hallucis longus 241 adductor hallucisoblique head: proximal ends of middle 3 metatarsals transverse head: metatarsophalangeal joints, ligaments of lateral 3 toes lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe, sesamoidlateral plantar nerveadducts big toeabductor hallucis 242 flexor digiti minimi brevisfifth metatarsal bonephalanx of fifth toelateral plantar nerve (superficial branch)extends and adducts fifth toeabductor digiti minimi 243 fourth layer muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. plantar interosseitendons of plantar interosseiproximal phalanges iii-v - muscles cross the metatarsophalangeal joint of toes iii-v so the insertions correspond with the origin and there is no crossing between toesplantar arch, dorsal metatarsal arterylateral plantar nerveadducts toes 3 - 5, strengthens transverse archdorsal interossei 244 dorsal interosseimetatarsalsproximal phalangeslateral plantar nerveabducts toesplantar interossei 245 innervation overview mind map showing a summary of upper limb muscle innervation mind map showing a summary of lower limb muscle innervation