infects the liver clonorchis sinensis and opisthorchis viverrini are two species which can cause trematodiases that infects the liver. these are more prevalent in males than females, and more common in adults than children. f. hepatica, a species of liver flukes, have a higher incidence rate in children and females, with a higher number of cases of lung fluke and intestinal trematodiases in children. cases of liver and lung fluke trematodiases are high in numbers due to the amount of time the trematode can live in host organisms and increased chances of reinfection. increase in travel and increase in popularity of traditional dishes such as raw oysters, crab meat, pickled seafood and other undercooked aquatic plants has also contributed to the rise in cases of trematodiases. the global burden of disease study carried out in 2016 estimated that approximately 75 million people were impacted by trematodiases and that there were around 2 million disability-adjusted life years that were affected and lost to the disease, due to damage that was caused by the infection.