w.a.b.c. were released. representatives and the dean from the medical college of peru met with the víctor zamorra, the minister of health, on 22 april proposing to extend the quarantine by at least two more weeks. there were a total of 237 doctors infected by coronavirus in the country, of whom 9 are being treated in the icu. of the doctors infected, 69 of them are in lima, and 62 are in iquitos. on 23 april, president vizcarra announced the extension of quarantine and the state of emergency 2 more weeks until 10 may. he made reference that people's practices of social distancing, wearing masks when in public, and hesitation of gathering in large groups must be continued on for much longer even after the state of emergency ends. may 2020 the government of peru published a legislative decree on 3 may stipulating the gradual re-opening of the economy in four stages. the first stage of the recovery, which will start in may, will enable certain restaurants to offer on-site pick-up and home delivery services. in addition, during the first stage, limited hotel and tourist transportation services will be allowed. the full text of the legislative decree is available in spanish. peruvian president martín vizcarra on 22 may, that peru's state of emergency and quarantine measures would remain in effect through 11:59 pm on tuesday, 30 june. medical experts commented that the severity of the outbreak in peru can be explained at least in part by economic circumstances; many residents travel daily to markets to purchase food since only 49% of households own refrigerators or freezers. by 26 may, around 85% of icu beds with ventilators were occupied, despite strict measures like curfews and border closings. banks experienced crowding as relief recipients without bank accounts had to go in person to get their stimulus money. it was noted that the level of infections was significant lower at high altitude, with only 1,062 cases reported in the cuzco region by 31 may. june 2020 on 1 june, the economy minister announced the start of the "second phase," estimating the benefit of some 1.5 million workers and the reactivation of 84% of the peruvian economy's production. this second phase is officially approved on 4 june by supreme decree no. 101-2020-pcm, this phase empowers the ministry of production (produce) to order the start of activities of the productive and commercial conglomerates, prior coordination with local governments and the interior, defense and health sectors. however, this phase would not be applied in the departments of tumbes, piura, lambayeque, la libertad, loreto, ucayali, ica and the department of áncash in its provinces santa, huarmey and casma. on that same day, the minister of economy maría antonieta alva announced that the government is preparing public spending programs that generate employment and that it is part of the economic reactivation, including the priority of restarting technical assistance activities for the execution of the public works with some public spending programs. july 2020 on 1 july, the government begins the "third phase" by means of supreme decree no. 117-2020-pcm, this phase contemplates the reopening of some 60 commercial activities that must follow the "guidelines for the surveillance of the health of the workers at risk of exposure to covid-19" and the protocols of their sector, the regions that will still be excluded from the restart of activities and which will continue with the targeted quarantine are: arequipa, ica, junín, huánuco, san martín, madre de dios and ancash. the government extended the quarantine on 31 july until 31 august, and added the provinces of tambopata (in the department of madre de dios); santa, casma and huaraz (from the department of ancash); the provinces of mariscal nieto and ilo (in the department of moquegua); province of tacna (from the department of tacna); the provinces of cusco and la convencion (in the department of cusco); the provinces of san román and puno (in the department of puno); the province of huancavelica (in the department of huancavelica); the provinces of cajamarca, jaén and san ignacio (of the department of cajamarca); the provinces of bagua, condorcanqui and utcubamba (in the department of amazonas); and the provinces of abancay and andahuaylas (in the department of apurímac). august 2020 peru's health ministry announced on 13 august that peru had surpassed 500,000 confirmed cases, noting that 507,996 cases and 25,648 deaths were recorded. on 22 august, at least thirteen people were killed during the los olivos stampede in the los olivos district of cono norte. quarantine areas (as of 28 august 2020): amazonas (bagua, chachapoyas, condorcanqui, and utcubamba); ancash (santa, casma, and huarmey); apurimac (abancay); arequipa (cailloma, camaná, castilla, islay); ayacucho (huamanga, huanta, lucanas, and parinacochas); cajamarca (cajamarca and jaen); cusco (entire region); huancavelica (huancavelica, angaraes, and tayacaja); huánuco (huánuco, leoncio prado, puerto inca, and humalíes); ica (ica, pisco, nasca, and palpa); junin (huancayo, satipo, and chanchamayo); la libertad (trujillo, virú, sánchez carrión, pacasmayo, chepén, and ascope); lima (barranca, cañete, huaura, and huaral); madre de dios (tambopata); moquegua (entire region); pasco (pasco and oxapampa); puno (entire region); and tacna (entire region). national health measures extended for 90 days: on 28 august, peruvian president martín vizcarra signed a supreme decree extending peru's health state of emergency for 90 days beginning tuesday, 8 september. social distancing and the use of facemasks will be required for the foreseeable future. peru's ministry of health (minsa), the national institute of health, and the essalud social health insurance agency are continuing to develop and implement an action plan for the surveillance, containment, and care of new covid-19 cases in peru. peru's government will continue to procure the necessary good and services needed to combat the spread of covid-19. december 2020 on 22 december, peru reached 1 million confirmed covid-19 cases. 2021 health minister pilar mazzetti reported a shortage of 110 tons of oxygen daily. the country has the capacity to produce 400 tons, but 510 tons are needed. the quarantine was extended through 28 february. application of the sinopharm bibp vaccine began on 9 february. health minister pilar mazzetti and foreign minister elizabeth astete resigned in february after it was shown that political favoritism played a role in application of covid-19 vaccines. in june 2021, the peruvian government reviewed the number of covid-19 deaths, increasing the official death toll from 69,000 to 187,847 deaths. the new figure placed perú with the highest death rate per capita in the world, according to the johns hopkins university. 2022 on 4 january 2022, minsa announced that peru was experiencing a third wave of infections as a result of the now dominant omicron variant, explaining that national covid-19 rates increased 50% from the previous two weeks while cases in metro lima doubled, with 59% of positive cases being the omicron strain in lima. response curfew a member of the peruvian army with a police dog enforces curfew on 31 march 2020 the government tightened the measures of quarantine on 18 march, implementing a curfew from 8 pm to 5 am where citizens were not allowed to leave their homes. a man who was seen taking out the trash that night was cornered by a dozen police cars and motorcycles, and arrested. another 153 people in the provinces of lima and callao were detained that night for violating curfew. on 30 march, the president made further restrictions to the curfew (which was previously 8 pm to 5 am nationwide), extending its start from 4 pm for departments of la libertad, loreto, piura, and tumbes, and a start of 6 pm for the rest of the country to further limit movement. as a response, grocery stores which were open until 4 pm before now close at 3 pm. as of this date, there were 950 positive tests, 24 deaths, 49 patients in the icu, and 37 on mechanical ventilation. the president made a live announcement to the country on 2 april that for the remaining 10 days of quarantine, they would add one more restriction to flatten the curve. mobilization outside of the house will be limited by days. only men will be able to leave the house to buy groceries, medicines, or go to the bank on monday, wednesday, and friday. only women were allowed outside on tuesday, thursday, and saturday. no one is allowed on sunday. these restrictions are to allow easy identification by police and military (rather than others that require more precise identification, such as even and odd numbers of each person's dni number), and to reduce circulation by 50%. on 10 april, president vizcarra reversed the previously proposed gender rotation, and reinstated that only one member of a household can leave the home per week, from monday through saturday. this was partly attributed to days that women were permitted to leave culminated in long lines and crowded supermarkets, causing a difficulty in maintaining social distancing guidelines. peru's interim president francisco sagasti gets vaccinated against covid-19 at a military hospital in lima president vizcarra announced on 8 may the decision to extend the state of emergency until sunday 24 may. it was indicated, between the national police and the armed forces, there will be 150,000 troops on the streets, enforcing the measures ordered. the head of state reported that, as of monday, 11 may, the immobilization mandatory social will be from 8 at night. this will allow attention in banks and markets is extended, which will reduce concentrations of people. the modification in the schedule will not apply to the loreto, la libertad, lambayeque, tumbes and piura, where the restriction will continue to be implemented from 4 in the afternoon. starting monday, the 18th of this month, children up to the age of 14 will be allowed – accompanied by an adult – to go out for 30 minutes as exercise up to no more than 500 meters from their homes. mask mandate on 11 may, there was a national mandate requiring the use of masks and gloves inside of supermarkets. the use of masks had been compulsory since the beginning of the country's lockdown on 17 march, and the mandatory use of gloves had been implemented by independent districts and markets over the past week. later during the day, however, the minister of health víctor zamorra announced that the national mandate of the use of gloves will be in revision, and in the afternoon announced that it will no longer be compulsory, citing it as an administrative error. vaccine development on 4 april 2020, the ministry of health announced that the national institute of health (ins) succeeded in sequencing the complete genome of covid-19, determining that the virus arrived in the country from europe and revealing three vectors (variants) of the same virus. likewise, the ins shared this genetic information in the global initiative on sharing all influenza data (gisaid) international database, to deepen the investigations. on 7 april, peru joins in an international race to develop a vaccine against covid-19, with the pharmaceutical company farvet and the universidad peruana cayetano heredia (upch) being the first (known to date) to develop jointly a vaccine in chincha using the same equipment as germany. according to manolo fernández, the executive director of the farvet company, the applied method is the same one that was successfully developed in other types of coronaviruses that cause pneumonia in birds by synthesizing and producing a protein called spike s1 which prevents the virus from attaching itself to the cell and replicating itself. mirko zimic, head of the upch bioinformatics and molecular biology laboratory, indicated that the peruvian strain is very identical to the one isolated in spain and whose greatest obstacle is the production of the protein in large quantities. likewise, the national council for science, technology and technological innovation (concytec) published a contest for special response projects against covid-19, receiving some 600 proposals that compete to receive 5 million soles (1.5 million dollars) for the financing of the projects. on 17 may, farvet and upch scientists announced a 95% advance in effectiveness, considering the possibility of becoming an important contribution of peru to the world. on 5 june, the experimental station for scientific research and genetic improvement of alpacas belonging to the inca group, selected four alpacas for the development of a new vaccine that it has been developing in conjunction with farvet and upch. they