of adipose tissue that lies between the dermis and underlying fascia. acquired generalized lipodystrophy (lawrence syndrome, lawrence–seip syndrome) adiposis dolorosa (dercum's disease) alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency panniculitis (alpha1-protease deficiency panniculitis, alpha1-proteinase deficiency panniculitis) atrophic connective tissue panniculitis barraquer–simons syndrome (acquired partial lipodystrophy, cephalothoracic lipodystrophy, progressive lipodystrophy) benign symmetric lipomatosis (benign symmetric lipomatosis of launois–bensaude, madelung's disease) centrifugal abdominal lipodystrophy (centrifugal lipodystrophy, lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantalis) chronic erythema nodosum (erythema nodosum migrans, subacute migratory panniculitis of vilanova and piñol, subacute nodular migratory panniculitis) chronic erythema nodosum cold panniculitis (popsicle panniculitis) congenital generalized lipodystrophy (berardinelli–seip syndrome) cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis drug-induced lipodystrophy factitial panniculitis familial partial lipodystrophy (köbberling–dunnigan syndrome) gouty panniculitis hemihyperplasia–multiple lipomatosis syndrome hiv-associated lipodystrophy involutional lipoatrophy lipoatrophia annularis (ferreira–marques lipoatrophia) lipoatrophia semicircularis (semicircular lipoatrophy) lipodermatosclerosis (chronic panniculitis with lipomembranous changes, hypodermitis sclerodermiformis, sclerosing panniculitis, stasis panniculitis) lipohypertrophy localized lipodystrophy neutrophilic lobular panniculitis nodular vasculitis non-progressive late-onset linear hemifacial lipoatrophy pancreatic panniculitis (enzymatic panniculitis, pancreatic fat necrosis, subcutaneous fat necrosis) poland's syndrome post-steroid panniculitis sclerema neonatorum sclerosing lipogranuloma (paraffinoma) septal panniculitis subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn traumatic panniculitis tumor lysis syndrome weber–christian disease (relapsing febrile nonsuppurative panniculitis) congenital anomalies cutaneous congenital anomalies are a diverse group of disorders that result from faulty morphogenesis, the biological process that forms the shape of a human body. accessory nail of the fifth toe accessory tragus (ear tag, preauricular appendage, preauricular tag) amniotic band syndrome (adam complex, amniotic band sequence, congenital constriction bands, pseudoainhum) aplasia cutis congenita (cutis aplasia, congenital absence of skin, congenital scars) arteriovenous fistula benign neonatal hemangiomatosis branchial cyst (branchial cleft cyst) bronchogenic cyst capillary hemangioma (infantile hemangioma, nevus maternus, strawberry hemangioma, strawberry nevus) cavernous venous malformation congenital cartilaginous rest of the neck (cervical accessory tragus, wattle) congenital erosive and vesicular dermatosis congenital hypertrophy of the lateral fold of the hallux congenital lip pit (congenital sinus of the lower lip, lip sinus, midline sinus of the upper lip) congenital malformations of the dermatoglyphs congenital smooth muscle hamartoma cystic lymphatic malformation dermoid cyst diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis encephalocele familial disseminated comedones without dyskeratosis focal facial dermal dysplasia hutchinson's teeth hyperkeratotic cutaneous capillary-venous malformation intrauterine epidermal necrosis limb–mammary syndrome lowry–maclean syndrome macrocheilia macrocystic lymphatic malformation malignant pilomatricoma (pilomatrical carcinoma, pilomatrix carcinoma) maternal autoimmune bullous disease median raphe cyst melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy membranous aplasia cutis microcystic lymphatic malformation midline cervical cleft mongolian spot (congenital dermal melanocytosis, dermal melanocytosis) mongolian spot mulberry molar nager acrofacial dysostosis nasal glioma (brain-like heterotopia, cephalic brain-like heterotopia, glial hamartoma, heterotopic neuroglial tissue, nasal cerebral heterotopia, nasal heterotopic brain tissue) nasolacrimal duct cyst nevus psiloliparus non-involuting congenital hemangioma omphalomesenteric duct cyst (omphalomesenteric duct remnant, vitelline cyst) pelvis syndrome pilomatricoma (calcifying epithelioma of malherbe, malherbe calcifying epithelioma, pilomatrixoma) poland anomaly posterior fossa malformations–hemangiomas–arterial anomalies–cardiac defects–eye abnormalities–sternal cleft and supraumbilical raphe syndrome (phace association, phaces syndrome) preauricular sinus and cyst (ear pit, congenital auricular fistula, congenital preauricular fistula, preauricular cyst) rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (congenital nonprogressive hemangioma) rosenthal–kloepfer syndrome rudimentary supernumerary digit (rudimentary polydactyly) sacral syndrome sinus pericranii skin dimple (skin fossa) superficial lymphatic malformation (lymphangioma circumscriptum) supernumerary nipple (accessory nipple, pseudomamma) thyroglossal duct cyst verrucous vascular malformation (angiokeratoma circumscriptum naeviforme) connective tissue diseases connective tissue diseases are caused by a complex array of autoimmune responses that target or affect collagen or ground substance. acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus atrophoderma of pasini and pierini (dyschromic and atrophic variation of scleroderma, morphea plana atrophica, sclérodermie atrophique d'emblée) calcinosis–raynaud phenomenon–esophageal dysmotility–sclerodactyly–telangiectasia syndrome (crest syndrome) chilblain lupus erythematosus (chilblain lupus erythematosus of hutchinson) childhood dermatomyositis childhood discoid lupus erythematosus childhood systemic lupus erythematosus complement deficiency syndromes dermatomyositis ehlers–danlos syndrome eosinophilia–myalgia syndrome frontal linear scleroderma (en coup de sabre, morphea en coup de sabre) frontal linear scleroderma generalized discoid lupus erythematosus generalized morphea interstitial granulomatous dermatitis juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (juvenile idiopathic arthritis, still's disease) keloid morphea linear atrophoderma of moulin (moulin atrophoderma linearis) linear scleroderma localized discoid lupus erythematosus localized morphea localized morphea lupus erythematosus panniculitis (lupus erythematosus profundus, lupus panniculitis, lupus profundus, subcutaneous lupus erythematosus) lupus erythematosus–lichen planus overlap syndrome (lichen planus–lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome) methotrexate-induced papular eruption mixed connective tissue disease (sharp's syndrome, undifferentiated connective tissue disease) morphea profunda morphea–lichen sclerosus et atrophicus overlap mouth and genital ulcers with inflamed cartilage syndrome (magic syndrome) neonatal lupus erythematosus nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy) nicolau–balus syndrome nodulosis–arthropathy–osteolysis syndrome normophosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis pansclerotic morphea parry–romberg syndrome (progressive hemifacial atrophy) progressive systemic sclerosis relapsing polychondritis (atrophic polychondritis, systemic chondromalacia) rheumatoid arthritis rheumatoid nodulosis (accelerated rheumatoid nodulosis) rheumatoid vasculitis rowell's syndrome scleredema adultorum (bushke disease, scleredema diabeticorum, scleredema adultorum of buschke, scleredema of buschke) silicosis sjögren's syndrome (mikulicz disease, sicca syndrome) subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus systemic lupus erythematosus toxic oil syndrome tumid lupus erythematosus (lupus erythematosus tumidus) tuzun syndrome verrucous lupus erythematosus (hypertrophic lupus erythematosus) winchester syndrome abnormalities of dermal fibrous and elastic tissue striae distensae abnormalities of dermal fibrous and elastic tissue are caused by problems in the regulation of collagen synthesis or degradation. acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (herxheimer disease, primary diffuse atrophy) actinic elastosis (solar elastosis) anetoderma (anetoderma maculosa, anetoderma maculosa cutis, atrophia maculosa cutis, macular atrophy) blepharochalasis cutis laxa (chalazoderma, dermatochalasia, dermatolysis, dermatomegaly, generalized elastolysis, generalized elastorrhexis, pachydermatocele) cutis rhomboidalis nuchae ehlers–danlos syndrome (cutis hyperelastica, elastic skin, india rubber skin) elastosis perforans serpiginosa homocystinuria jadassohn–pellizzari anetoderma linear focal elastosis (elastotic striae) loeys–dietz syndrome marfan syndrome occipital horn syndrome osteogenesis imperfecta (lobstein syndrome) perforating calcific elastosis (localized acquired cutaneous pseudoxanthoma elasticum, perforating periumbilical calcific elastosis, periumbilical perforating pseudoxanthoma elasticum) pseudoxanthoma elasticum (grönblad–strandberg syndrome) reactive perforating collagenosis schweninger–buzzi anetoderma sclerotic fibroma striae atrophicans striae distensae ullrich disease verrucous perforating collagenoma wrinkly skin syndrome dermal and subcutaneous growths dermal and subcutaneous growths result from (1) reactive or neoplastic proliferation of cellular components of the dermis or subcutaneous tissue, or (2) neoplasms invading or aberrantly present in the dermis. acquired progressive lymphangioma (benign lymphangioendothelioma) acral arteriolar ectasia acral fibrokeratoma (acquired digital fibrokeratoma, acquired periungual fibrokeratoma) acrochordon (cutaneous papilloma, cutaneous tag, fibroepithelial polyp, fibroma molluscum, fibroma pendulum, papilloma colli, skin tag, soft fibroma, templeton skin tag) adenoma sebaceum adult type of generalized eruption of cutaneous mastocytosis african cutaneous kaposi sarcoma african lymphadenopathic kaposi sarcoma aggressive infantile fibromatosis aids-associated kaposi sarcoma ainhum (bankokerend, dactylolysis spontanea, sukhapakla) angiofibroma angiokeratoma angiokeratoma of fordyce (angiokeratoma of the scrotum and vulva) angiokeratoma of fordyce angiokeratoma of mibelli (mibelli's angiokeratoma, telangiectatic warts) angioleiomyoma (vascular leiomyoma) angiolipoleiomyoma angiolipoma angioma serpiginosum angiosarcoma aponeurotic fibroma (calcifying aponeurotic fibroma, juvenile aponeurotic fibroma) atypical fibroxanthoma benign lipoblastomatosis (embryonic lipoma) buschke–ollendorff syndrome (dermatofibrosis lenticularis disseminata) capillary aneurysms carcinoid cellular angiofibroma cherry angioma (de morgan spot, senile angioma) chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis (chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis) chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis chondroid lipoma chordoma classic kaposi sarcoma collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibroblastoma) composite hemangioendothelioma connective tissue nevus (collagenoma, elastoma, shagreen patch) cutaneous endometriosis cutaneous meningioma (heterotopic meningeal tissue, rudimentary meningocele) cutaneous myelofibrosis cutaneous myxoma cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (congenital generalized phlebectasia, van lohuizen syndrome) dermal dendrocyte hamartoma dermatofibroma (benign fibrous histiocytoma, dermal dendrocytoma, fibrous dermatofibroma, fibrous histiocytoma, fibroma simplex, histiocytoma, nodular subepidermal fibrosis, sclerosing hemangioma) dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans desmoid tumor diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis diffuse infantile fibromatosis dupuytren's contracture (dupuytren's diathesis, dupuytren's disease, palmar fibromatosis) eccrine angiomatous hamartoma elastofibroma dorsi endovascular papillary angioendothelioma (dabska tumor, dabska-type hemangioendothelioma, hobnail hemangioendothelioma, malignant endovascular papillary angioendothelioma, papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma) epithelioid cell histiocytoma epithelioid hemangioendothelioma epithelioid sarcoma erythrodermic mastocytosis extraskeletal chondroma (chondroma of soft parts) familial myxovascular fibromas fascial hernia fibroma of tendon sheath fibromatosis colli (sternomastoid tumor of infancy) fibrous hamartoma of infancy fibrous papule of the nose (benign solitary fibrous papule, fibrous papule of the face) folded skin with scarring (michelin tire baby syndrome) fordyce's spot (fordyce's disease) fordyce's spot ganglion cyst ganglioneuroma gardner fibroma genital leiomyoma (dartoic leiomyoma) giant cell fibroblastoma giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (giant cell synovioma, localized nodular tenosynovitis, pigmented villonodular synovitis) glomeruloid hemangioma glomus tumor (glomangioma, solid glomus tumor, solitary glomus tumor) granular cell tumor (abrikossoff's tumor, abrikossov's tumor, granular cell myoblastoma, granular cell nerve sheath tumor, granular cell schwannoma) hamartoma hemangiopericytoma hemangiosarcoma hibernoma (fetal lipoma, lipoma of embryonic fat, lipoma of immature adipose tissue) hypertrophic scar immunosuppression-associated kaposi sarcoma infantile digital fibromatosis (inclusion body fibromatosis, infantile digital myofibroblastoma, reye tumor) infantile hemangiopericytoma (congenital hemangiopericytoma) infantile myofibromatosis (congenital generalized fibromatosis, congenital multicentric fibromatosis) infantile systemic hyalinosis (juvenile systemic hyalinosis) intradermal spindle cell lipoma intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (masson's hemangio-endotheliome vegetant intravasculaire, masson's lesion, masson's pseudoangiosarcoma, masson's tumor, papillary endothelial hyperplasia) juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (fibromatosis hyalinica multiplex juvenilis, murray–puretic–drescher syndrome) kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (infantile kaposiform hemangioendothelioma) kasabach–merritt syndrome (hemangioma with thrombocytopenia) keloid (keloidal scar) keloid keratinizing metaplasia keratocyst klippel–trenaunay syndrome (angioosteohypertrophy syndrome, hemangiectatic hypertrophy) knuckle pads (heloderma) leiomyosarcoma lipoma liposarcoma (atypical lipoma, atypical lipomatous tumor) lymphangiectasis (lymphangioma) lymphangiomatosis malignant fibrous histiocytoma malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (malignant schwannoma, neurofibrosarcoma, neurosarcoma) mast cell sarcoma meningocele metastatic carcinoma microvenular hemangioma (microcapillary hemangioma) midline nevus flammeus (angel's kiss, salmon patch) multifocal lymphangioendotheliomatosis (congenital cutaneovisceral angiomatosis with thrombocytopenia, multifocal lymphangioendotheliomatosis with thrombocytopenia) multinucleate cell angiohistocytoma multiple cutaneous and uterine leiomyomatosis syndrome (leiomyomatosis cutis et uteri, multiple leiomyomatosis, reed's syndrome) multiple cutaneous leiomyoma (pilar leiomyoma) neural fibrolipoma neuroblastoma (infantile neuroblastoma, neuroepithelioma) neuroma cutis neurothekeoma (bizarre cutaneous neurofibroma, cutaneous lobular neuromyxoma, myxoma of the nerve sheath, myxomatous perineurioma, nerve sheath myxoma) nevus flammeus (capillary malformation, port-wine stain) nevus flammeus nuchae (stork bite) nevus lipomatosus superficialis (nevus lipomatosis of hoffman and zurhelle) nevus oligemicus nodular fasciitis (nodular pseudosarcomatous fasciits, pseudosarcomatous fasciitis, subcutaneous pseudosarcomatous fibromatosis) oral submucous fibrosis pachydermodactyly palisaded encapsulated neuroma paraneoplastic syndrome pearly penile papules (hirsuties coronae glandis, hirsutoid papillomas) peyronie's disease (induratio penis plastica) phakomatosis pigmentovascularis piloleiomyoma plantar fibromatosis (ledderhose's disease) pleomorphic fibroma pleomorphic lipoma plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor porokeratotic eccrine ostial and dermal duct nevus progressive nodular histiocytoma proliferating angioendotheliomatosis prominent inferior labial artery pseudo-ainhum urticaria pigmentosa venous lake retiform hemangioendothelioma (hobnail hemangioendothelioma) schwannoma (acoustic neuroma, neurilemmoma, neurinoma, neurolemmoma, schwann cell tumor) solitary angiokeratoma solitary cutaneous leiomyoma solitary mastocytoma solitary neurofibroma (plexiform neurofibroma, solitary nerve sheath tumor, sporadic neurofibroma) spider angioma (nevus araneus, spider telangiectasia, spider nevus, vascular spider) spindle cell hemangioendothelioma (spindle cell hemangioma) spindle cell lipoma sternal cleft subungual exostosis superficial acral fibromyxoma systemic mastocytosis targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma (hobnail hemangioma) telangiectasia telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans teratoma tufted angioma (acquired tufted angioma, angioblastoma, angioblastoma of nakagawa, hypertrophic hemangioma, progressive capillary hemangioma, tufted hemangioma) umbilical granuloma universal angiomatosis (generalized telangiectasia) urticaria pigmentosa (childhood type of generalized eruption of cutaneous mastocytosis) venous lake (phlebectasis) wildervanck syndrome xanthelasmoidal mastocytosis zosteriform metastasis dermatitis dermatitis is a general term for "inflammation of the skin". childhood granulomatous periorificial dermatitis essential dermatitis atopic atopic dermatitis is a chronic dermatitis associated with a hereditary tendency to develop allergies to food and inhalant substances. atopic dermatitis (atopic eczema, disseminated neurodermatitis, flexural eczema, infantile eczema, prurigo diathsique) contact contact dermatitis is caused by certain substances coming in contact with the skin. abietic acid dermatitis acid-induced acrylic monomer dermatitis adhesive dermatitis african blackwood dermatitis airbag dermatitis (airbag burn) alkali-induced allergic antifungal agent-induced antimicrobial agent-induced arsenic dermatitis artificial nail-induced axillary antiperspirant-induced axillary deodorant-induced baboon syndrome black dermatographism bleaching cream-induced capsaisin-induced chemical burn chemical burn chloracne chrome dermatitis clothing-induced cobalt dermatitis contact stomatitis (contact lichenoid reaction, lichenoid amalgam reaction, oral mucosal cinnamon reaction) contact urticaria corticosteroid-induced cosmetic dermatitis cosmetic intolerance syndrome dentifrice-induced dermatitis from metals and metal salts dust-induced epoxy resin dermatitis ethylenediamine-induced eye makeup-induced fiberglass dermatitis flower-induced formaldehyde-induced formaldehyde-releasing agent-induced fragrance-induced gold dermatitis hair bleach-induced hair dye-induced hair lotion-induced hair spray-induced hair straightener-induced hair tonic-induced houseplant-induced hydrocarbon-induced irritant folliculitis lacquer dermatitis (lacquer sensitivity) lanolin-induced lipstick-induced local anesthetic-induced makassar ebony dermatitis marine plant-induced mechanical irritant dermatitis mercury dermatitis mouthwash-induced nail lacquer-induced nail polish remover-induced nickel dermatitis occupation-induced p-chloro-meta-xylenol-induced paraben-induced paraphenylenediamine dermatitis permanent wave preparation-induced phenothiazine drug-induced photoallergic photoirritant plant derivative-induced pollen-induced polyester resin dermatitis propylene glycol-induced toxicodendron dermatitis protein contact dermatitis quaternium-15 hypersensitivity reed dermatitis rosewood dermatitis rosin dermatitis rubber dermatitis seed-induced shoe dermatitis solvent-induced sorbic acid-induced subjective irritant contact dermatitis (sensory irritant contact dermatitis) sunscreen-induced systemic contact dermatitis tear gas dermatitis textile dermatitis traumatic irritant contact dermatitis tree-associated plant-induced tree-induced tulip fingers urshiol-induced vegetable-induced eczema eczema refers to a broad range of conditions that begin as spongiotic dermatitis and may progress to a lichenified stage. dyshidrosis autoimmune estrogen dermatitis autoimmune progesterone dermatitis autosensitization dermatitis breast eczema (nipple eczema) chronic vesiculobullous hand eczema circumostomy eczema dyshidrosis (acute vesiculobullous hand eczema, cheiropompholyx, dyshidrotic eczema, pompholyx, podopompholyx) ear eczema eyelid dermatitis hand eczema hyperkeratotic hand dermatitis id reaction (disseminated