betabaculovirus betabaculovirus betabaculovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family baculoviridae. arthropods serve as natural hosts. there are 26 species in this genus. betabaculovirus electron micrograph of phthorimaea operculella granulovirus occlusion bodies virus classification (unranked): virus realm: incertae sedis kingdom: incertae sedis phylum: incertae sedis class: naldaviricetes order: lefavirales family: baculoviridae genus: betabaculovirus taxonomy the following species are assigned to the genus: adoxophyes orana granulovirus agrotis segetum granulovirus artogeia rapae granulovirus choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus clostera anachoreta granulovirus clostera anastomosis granulovirus a clostera anastomosis granulovirus b cnaphalocrocis medinalis granulovirus cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus cydia pomonella granulovirus diatraea saccharalis granulovirus epinotia aporema granulovirus erinnyis ello granulovirus harrisina brillians granulovirus helicoverpa armigera granulovirus lacanobia oleracea granulovirus mocis latipes granulovirus mythimna unipuncta granulovirus a mythimna unipuncta granulovirus b phthorimaea operculella granulovirus plodia interpunctella granulovirus plutella xylostella granulovirus spodoptera frugiperda granulovirus spodoptera litura granulovirus trichoplusia ni granulovirus xestia c-nigrum granulovirus structure viruses in betabaculovirus are enveloped. genomes are circular, around 80-180kb in length. the genome codes for 100 to 180 proteins. genusstructuresymmetrycapsidgenomic arrangementgenomic segmentation betabaculovirusbudded or occludedenvelopedcircularmonopartite life cycle viral replication is nuclear. entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. replication follows the dsdna bidirectional replication model. dna templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. the virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export, and existing in occlusion bodies after cell death and remaining infectious until finding another host. arthropods serve as the natural host. transmission routes are fecal-oral. genushost detailstissue tropismentry detailsrelease detailsreplication siteassembly sitetransmission betabaculovirusarthropodsmidgut then hemocoel; digestive gland epithelium (shrimps)cell receptor endocytosisbudding; occlusionnucleusnucleusoral-fecal