vegetables and cancer, fruits, vegetables, and grain products that contain fiber—particularly soluble fiber—and the risk of coronary heart disease, fat and cancer, saturated fat and cholesterol and coronary heart disease, sodium and hypertension, and folate and neural tube defects. the institute of medicine recommended these labels contain the most useful nutritional information for consumers: saturated fats, trans fats, sodium, calories, and serving size. in january 2011, food manufacturers and grocery stores announced plans to display some of this nutrition information on processed food. the nutrition facts label currently appears on more than 6.5 billion food packages. president bill clinton issued the presidential award for design excellence for the nutrition facts label in 1997 to burkey belser and jerold mande. the fda does not require any specific typeface be used in the nutrition facts label, mandating only that the label "utilize a single easy-to-read type style", though its example label uses helvetica. however, as regulated by the fda and the usda, it is mandatory for certain information listed in the label to be written in english, including: name of the product, net quantity, serving size and number of servings per package, nutrition facts, ingredient list, and name of manufacturer or distributor. the smallest lettering should be at least 1/16th of an inch tall (1.5875 millimeters), based on the height of a lowercase "o". in january 2006, trans fat was required to be listed under saturated fat. this was the first significant change to the nutrition facts panel since it was introduced in 1993. 2016 revision in 2014, the u.s. food and drug administration proposed several simultaneous improvements to nutrition labeling for the first time in over 20 years. the proposed changes were based on trends of consumption of nutrients of public health importance. however, studies had shown that the majority of the u.s. population could not understand the information in the then current nutrition facts label. nutrition label numeracy is particularly low in older individuals, of black and hispanic race/ethnicity, who are unemployed, born outside of the us, have lower english proficiency, lower education achievement, lower income, or live in the south. final changes included raising serving sizes to more accurately reflect how many servings the average individual is actually consuming, removing "calories from fat" and instead focusing on total calories and type of fats being consumed in a product, and listing extra sugar added to a product, as well as declaring the amount of vitamin d and potassium in a product and adjusting recommended daily value amounts. some of these changes sparked a major debate between the food industry and public health agencies. the proposal to indicate sugar added during food production, in particular, was brought forward by the fda as a measure to counter the increase in per capita sugar consumption in the us, which over the last decades exceeded the limits recommended by scientific institutions and governmental agencies. major american food associations opposed the label change, indicating "lack of merit" and "no preponderance of evidence" to justify the inclusion of sugar added in the new label. the rules for the new design were finalized on may 20, 2016. manufacturers were initially given until july 26, 2018, to comply (or july 26, 2019, if they have less than $10 million in annual food sales); a rule change extended the compliance deadline to january 1, 2020 (or january 1, 2021, for smaller sellers). for food and dietary supplement labeling purposes, the amounts of vitamins and nutritionally essential minerals in a serving are expressed as a percent of daily value (%dv). many of the definitions of 100% daily value were changed as part of the revision. alcohol in the united states, alcoholic beverages are regulated by the alcohol and tobacco tax and trade bureau (ttb). as of 2012, the ttb does not require alcoholic beverage packaging to have a nutrition facts label. since at least 2003, consumer groups have lobbied the ttb to require labelling disclosing nutrition facts information. some marketing terms, such as "light" and "table wine", must follow ttb guidelines. packaging must disclose alcohol content in some circumstances. mandatory information on the label varies by type of beverage, and includes: brand name name and address of manufacturer (either bottling plant or main headquarters) country of origin if imported (required by u.s. customs and border protection regulations) class, the definitions of which are regulated (e.g. beer, ale, lager, gin, vodka, rum, tequilla, cordial, liqueurs) health warning for beverages 0.5% or more alcohol by volume net contents for malt beverages, must be in united states customary units (e.g. pints or fluid ounces) for distilled spirits, must be in metric units. bottles must be 50 ml, 100 ml, 200 ml, 375 ml, 750 ml, 1 l, or 1.75 l. bottles must be 50 ml, 100 ml, 200 ml, or 355 ml. for wine, must be in metric units, and bottles must be 50 ml, 100 ml, 187 ml, 375 ml, 500 ml, 750 ml, 1 l, 1.5 l, 3 l, or a larger size with an even number of liters. alcohol content (percent by volume): for malt beverages, mandatory only if some alcohol is due to added flavors, or if required by state law for distilled spirits, mandatory for wine, optional declaration of sulfites required for wine sold in interstate (not intrastate) commerce if 10 ppm or more of sulfur dioxide optional but regulated terms: for malt beverages: "draft", "light", "low-carbohydrate" for wine: grape variety and appellation of origin, wine designation (e.g. "white", "red", "rose", "table"), viticultural area, "estate bottled", "vinted", vintage date "organic" (regulated by usda) declarations for major allergens caffeine health researchers have called for the mandatory labelling of food products with added caffeine, which is a psychoactive nervous system stimulant. if over-consumed, caffeine can cause seizures, kidney problems, liver problems, heart arrhythmia, and death. the coca-cola company and pepsico began labelling caffeine content in 2007.