buparvaquone buparvaquone buparvaquone is a naphthoquinone antiprotozoal drug related to atovaquone. it is a promising compound for the therapy and prophylaxis of all forms of theileriosis. buparvaquone has been shown to have anti-leishmanial activity in vitro. it can be used to treat bovine east coast fever protozoa in vitro, along with the only other substance known – peganum harmala. it is the only really effective commercial therapeutic product against bovine theileriosis, where it has been used since the late 1980s. buparvaquoneclinical dataatcvet codeqp51ax22 (who) identifiers iupac name 2-((4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)methyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone cas number88426-33-9 nchemspider10807457 yunii0354rt7lg4chemblchembl292009 ncomptox dashboard (epa)dtxsid4057849 echa infocard100.115.556 chemical and physical dataformulac21h26o3molar mass326.436 g·mol−13d model (jsmol)interactive image smiles cc(c)(c)c3ccc(c\c2=c(/o)c(=o)c1ccccc1c2=o)cc3 inchi inchi=1s/c21h26o3/c1-21(2,3)14-10-8-13(9-11-14)12-17-18(22)15-6-4-5-7-16(15)19(23)20(17)24/h4-7,13-14,24h,8-12h2,1-3h3 ykey:kllivcpqdtymlc-uhfffaoysa-n y ny (what is this?) (verify) industrial production it was first produced in great britain, then in germany. its patent expired in the mid-2000s, and was then produced in different countries, e.g., india and iran. use in bovine theileriosis using a single dose of 2,5 mg/kg, the recovery rate of curable cases is 90 to 98%. in tropical theileriosis, a dosage of 2.0 mg/kg has the same efficacy. body temperature returns to normal in two to five days. parasitemia lowers from 12% on day 0 to 5% the next day, then to 1% by day 5 and none at day 7. molecular target buparvaquone resistance appears to be associated with parasite mutations in the qo quinone-binding site of mitochondrial cytochrome b. its mode of action is thus likely to be similar to that of the antimalarial drug atovaquone, a similar 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that binds to the qo site of cytochrome b thus inhibiting coenzyme q – cytochrome c reductase.