disorder is considered to be associated with psychosis proneness. martin and chapman (1982) determined that college students at risk for psychosis displayed signs of cognitive slippage on a referential communication task. allen, chapman, and chapman (1987) identified college students who scored high on the per-mag scale, a measure designed to identify thought processes indicative of psychosis. they found that most of these high-scoring students also exhibited signs of cognitive slippage on two measures of it. of the students who scored very high on the per-mag, those who also scored above the mean on a depression scale were the most likely to demonstrate cognitive slippage. additionally, edell (1987) reinforced the idea that although individuals with sub-clinical psychopathology exhibit more severe thought disorder on unstructured tests, they perform relatively normally on more structured measures of cognition. thought disorder and autism dykens, volkman, and glick (1991) considered the relationship between thought disorder and high-functioning adult autism by utilizing both objective and projective measures. they collected objective data using the thought, language, and communication disorder scale, and projective data through use of the rorschach test. in their definition of "cognitive slippage," they broke the dysfunction down into processes such as "incongruous combinations," "fabulized combinations," "deviant responses," and "inappropriate logic." their findings suggest that individuals with autism display more disordered thinking than typically developed individuals. to explain this, they suggest that cognitive slippage is rooted in difficulty with complex perceptual processing, a known feature of autism. another study used rorschach inkblots to compare individuals with asperger syndrome to high-functioning individuals with autism. they found that individuals with asperger syndrome tended to exhibit greater levels of disordered and disorganized thinking in their responses than the typically developed individuals. as it relates to eating disorders in response to implications that cognitive dysfunctions were rooted in eating disorder etiology, researchers strauss and ryan (1988) conducted a study to compare the rates of logical errors, cognitive slippage, and conceptual complexity among individuals with eating disorders compared to their healthy counterparts. they evaluated 19 restrictive anorexic individuals, 14 purging anorexic individuals, 17 bulimic individuals, 15 individuals with sub-clinical eating pathology, and 17 healthy control individuals. though they found differences between the anorexic groups and the others in regards to logical errors, there were no significant differences between any group on rates of cognitive slippage. as it relates to test anxiety broadbent et al. (1982) developed the cognitive failures questionnaire (cfq), a self-report measure designed to identify the presence of "cognitive slippage." for the purposes of the cfq, however, they used this term to refer to lapses in attention, difficulty processing information, memory issues, perception problems, and complications in decision-making. as such, their definition tapped into issues such as "forgetfulness" or "inattention" rather than the clinically significant cognitive dysfunction defined by meehl. yates, hannell, and lippett (1985) designed a study to evaluate the predictive value of the cfq as a means to identify psychological vulnerability under stressful conditions, such as during a test. 72 female participants were administered the cfq as well as the test anxiety scale as they completed two tasks - the former of which, they were told, was a practice test for the later. it was found that during the second test condition, subjects did report more "cognitive slippage" in the form of mind-wandering and distractibility.