the trust territory (see also united states territorial court) held:as far as the woman herself is concerned, unless the abortion statute expressly makes her responsible, it is generally held, although the statute reads any "person", that she is not liable to any criminal prosecution, whether she solicits the act or performs it upon herself. 1971 – alaska repealed its statute that said inducing an abortion was a criminal offense. 1971 – the parliament of india, under the prime ministership of indira gandhi, passes the medical termination of pregnancy act 1971 (mtp act 1971), which was authored by sripati chandrasekhar. india thus became one of the earliest nations to pass such an act. 1972 – the vermont supreme court made a ruling that effectively ended abortion restrictions in the state. 1972 – florida reformed its abortion law based on the american law institute model penal code. 1972 – the u.s. supreme court, in eisenstadt v. baird, extended griswold v. connecticut birth control rights to unmarried couples. 1972 – in abele v. markle, 351 f. supp. 224 (d. conn. 1972) it was ruled that a connecticut statute prohibiting abortions, except to save the life of the mother, was unconstitutional. 1973 – the u.s. church amendment of 1973 prohibits hospitals receiving federal funds from discriminating against a doctor on the basis of whether the doctor provides abortions or sterilizations. 1973 – the u.s. supreme court, in roe v. wade, declared all individual state bans on abortion during the first trimester to be unconstitutional, allowed states to regulate but not proscribe abortion during the second trimester, and allowed states to proscribe abortion during the third trimester unless an abortion is in the best interest of the woman's physical or mental health. the court legalized abortion in all trimesters when a woman's doctor believes the abortion is necessary for her physical or mental health and held that only a "compelling state interest" justified regulations limiting the individual right to privacy. 1973 – doe v. bolton, 410 u.s. 179 (1973), was a decision of the united states supreme court overturning the abortion law of georgia. the supreme court's decision was released on january 22, 1973, the same day as the decision in the better-known case of roe v. wade, 410 u.s. 113 (1973). doe v. bolton challenged georgia's much more liberal abortion statute. 1973 – denmark granted its permanent residents the right to legal abortion up to the end of the 12th week of pregnancy. 1973 – in south korea the abortion law was amended by the maternal and child health law of 1973, which permitted a physician to perform an abortion if the pregnant woman or her spouse suffered from certain hereditary or communicable diseases, if the pregnancy resulted from rape or incest, or if continuing the pregnancy would jeopardize the woman's health. any physician who violated the law was punished with two years imprisonment. self-induced abortions were illegal, and punishable by a fine or imprisonment. 1974 – in ireland mcgee v. the attorney general ir 284 was a case in the irish supreme court in 1974 that referenced article 41 of the irish constitution. it concerned mary mcgee, whose condition was such that she was advised by her physician that if she would become pregnant again, her life would be endangered. she was then instructed to use a diaphragm and spermicidal jelly that was prescribed to her. however, section 17 of the criminal law amendment act, 1935 prohibited her from acquiring the prescription. the supreme court ruled by a 4 to 1 majority in favor of her, after determining that married couples have the constitutional right to make private decisions on family planning. 1974 – emergency legislation was passed by the house of lords to allow medical staff stationed at sovereign base areas in cyprus to perform emergency abortions for raped women and girls following the turkish invasion of cyprus. 1974 – kentucky adopted a law preventing public hospitals from performing abortion procedures except to protect the life of the mother. 1975–1980 – france (1975), west germany (1976), new zealand (1977), italy (1978), and the netherlands (1980) legalized abortion on demand in the first trimester. in france, no elective abortions were allowed for non-medical reasons after 10–12 weeks of gestation. 1975 – the 79th general assembly enacted the illinois abortion law, which included a trigger law providing that if roe v. wade were overturned or repealed, "the former policy of this state to prohibit abortions unless necessary for the preservation of the mother's life shall be reinstated." 1975 – on february 19, 1975, the texas supreme court ruled in the case jacobs v. theimer that a woman could sue her doctor for wrongful birth. that case involved dortha jean jacobs (later dortha biggs), who caught rubella while pregnant and gave birth to lesli, who was severely disabled. dortha and her husband sued her doctor, saying he did not diagnose the rubella or warn them how it would affect the pregnancy. 1976–1977 – representative henry hyde of illinois sponsored the hyde amendment, which passed, and allowed u.s. states to prohibit the use of medicaid funding for abortions. 1978 – the us federal pregnancy discrimination act was passed, prohibiting employment discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions. 1978 – in the spring of 1978, the law on free access to abortion in norway was passed. 1978 – akron, ohio, passed a city ordinance that restricted abortion rights. 1979 – the people's republic of china enacted a one-child policy to alleviate social, economic, and environmental problems, encouraging couples to have no more than one child, and in some cases imposing penalties for violating the policy. 1979 – the ireland, health (family planning) act, 1979 allowed the sale of contraceptives, upon presentation of a prescription. 1979 – a court found a missouri law requiring women past their first trimester to have their abortions performed in a hospital unconstitutional. 1980s 1980 – in 1974, kentucky adopted a law preventing public hospitals from performing abortion procedures except to protect the life of the mother. the law was later ruled unconstitutional by the sixth circuit court of appeals. the state legislature passed a new version of the law in 1980. 1980 – in william v. zbaraz, the united states supreme court upheld that states could constitutionally make their own versions of the anti-abortion hyde amendment, and that states/the federal government have no statutory or constitutional obligation to fund medically necessary abortions. 1981 – in italy a proposal promoted by the catholic church to repeal the 1978 abortion law was rejected by 68% of the voters in a referendum. 1982 – the pennsylvania government passed the abortion control act. the law required women seeking abortions to wait 24 hours before getting an abortion. it also required the informed consent of parents for minors seeking abortions and the informed consent of husbands for married women seeking abortions. 1982 – in france the government passes a bill that includes abortions under the french social security system. 1983 – the eighth amendment of the constitution of ireland was passed, recognizing "the unborn" as having a right to life equal to that of "the mother", 1983 – the illegal abortion conviction of a wayne county, kentucky man put the issue of abortion before the kentucky supreme court. the court ruled that a seven-month-old fetus killed by the man during an attack on his wife could not be defined as a person under the model penal code. 1984 – in july the california courts of appeal overturned superior court of los angeles county judge eli chernow, ruling that fetuses could not be buried as human remains in the los angeles fetus disposal scandal. 1985 - the wisconsin law "wisconsin stat. § 940.15", enacted in 1985, made abortion a crime only after viability, and allowed abortion after viability "if the abortion is necessary to preserve the life or health of the woman, as determined by reasonable medical judgment of the woman's attending physician." 1985 – article 12's may 1986 supplement to the northern mariana islands commonwealth constitution stipulated that "the abortion of the unborn child during the mother's pregnancy is prohibited by the commonwealth of the northern mariana islands, except as provided by law." the measure was adopted in 1985. 1985 – a directive from the american samoa attorney general stated that elective abortions were unconstitutional and such procedures could not occur at public hospitals. 1985 – in honduras, abortion became completely illegal. 1985 – in ireland, the health (family planning) (amendment) act, 1985 allowed the sale of condoms and spermicides to people over 18 without having to present a prescription. 1985 – the british prohibition of female circumcision act 1985 made female genital mutilation a crime throughout the uk. the act was replaced by the female genital mutilation act 2003 and the prohibition of female genital mutilation (scotland) act 2005 respectively, both of which extended the legislation to cover acts committed by uk nationals outside the uk's borders. 1986 – american samoa's legal code section 46.3904 established that no physician or hospital employee can be compelled to participate in an abortion procedure if doing so goes against their conscience, and that such refusals are immune to criminal, administrative or disciplinary action. other legal code sections declared that the only people who can legally perform legal abortions are licensed american samoan physicians. legal code sections 46.3902 and 46.3903 made any attempt to terminate a pregnancy except in the case of saving the physical or mental health of the mother a crime. 1986 – the kentucky general assembly passed legislation requiring parental consent for minors seeking abortions. the law required the consent of only the custodial parent if the parents did not live together, and also allowed the minor to petition a district or circuit court for permission. 1988 – france legalized the "abortion pill" mifepristone (ru-486). 1988 – in r. v. morgentaler, the supreme court of canada struck down an abortion regulation which allowed abortions in some circumstances but required approval of a committee of doctors for violating a woman's constitutional "security of person"; canadian law has not regulated abortion since. 1989 – webster v. reproductive health services in the united states reinforced states' rights to prevent publicly funded facilities from providing or assisting with abortion services. 1990s 1990 – the legislature of guam enacted a law prohibiting abortion in all cases except when there was "substantial risk" to the woman's life or continuing the pregnancy would "gravely impair" her health. this law was challenged by the american civil liberties union and struck down by the ninth circuit court of guam in a case called guam society of obstetricians and gynecologists v. ada in 1997. 1990 – nevada voters approved question 7 to affirm a statute (nevada revised statutes chapter 442, section 250) permitting abortion up to 24 weeks gestation by 63.5% of the vote. with the affirmation, the nevada legislature may not in any way alter that statute unless it is first repealed by the state's voters in a direct vote. 1990 – the abortion act in the uk was amended so that abortion is legal only up to 24 weeks, rather than 28, except in unusual cases. 1992 – in planned parenthood v. casey, the supreme court of the united states overturned the trimester framework in roe v. wade, making it legal for states to proscribe abortion after the point of fetal viability, excepting instances that would risk the woman's health. 1992 – the thirteenth amendment of the constitution of ireland was passed, specifying that the protection of the right to life of the unborn does not limit freedom of travel in and out of the state. 1992 – the fourteenth amendment of the constitution of ireland was passed, specifying that the protection of the right to life of the unborn does not limit the right to distribute information about services in foreign countries. 1992 – in ireland attorney general v. x (the "x case"), iesc 1; 1 ir 1, was a landmark irish supreme court case which established the right of irish women to an abortion if a pregnant woman's life was at risk because of pregnancy, including the risk of suicide. following his retirement, supreme court justice hugh o'flaherty said that the x case was "peculiar to its