the universities said this will be responded to by increased use of open-source alternatives and by developing domestic alternatives. release history matlab is updated twice per year.: 517 in addition to new features and other improvements, each release has new bug fixes and smaller changes. versionrelease namenumberbundled jvmyearrelease datenotes 1.0 1984 2 1986 3 1987 first matlab toolbox introduced; support for ordinary differential equations added.: 81 3.5 1990 ran on dos, lowest requirement is an intel 8088; math processor is supported, however had compatibility issues with nec v20 + intel 8087 combination. 4 1992 ran on windows 3.1x and macintosh. 4.2c 1994 ran on windows 3.1x; needed a math coprocessor. 5.0 volume 8 1996 december 1996 unified releases across all platforms. 5.1 volume 9 1997 may 1997 5.1.1 r9.1 5.2 r10 1998 march 1998 last version working on classic macs. 5.2.1 r10.1 5.3 r11 1999 january 1999 5.3.1 r11.1 november 1999 6.0 r12 12 1.1.8 2000 november 2000 first release with bundled java virtual machine (jvm). 6.1 r12.1 1.3.0 2001 june 2001 last release for windows 95. 6.5 r13 13 1.3.1 2002 july 2002 6.5.1 r13sp1 2003 6.5.2 r13sp2 last release for windows 98, windows me, ibm/aix, alpha/tru64, and sgi/irix. 7 r14 14 1.4.2 2004 june 2004 introduced anonymous and nested functions, and integer and single-precision arithmetics; re-introduced for mac (under mac os x). 7.0.1 r14sp1 october 2004 r14sp1+ 2004 november 2004 parallel computing toolbox introduced.: 4 : 3 7.0.4 r14sp2 1.5.0 2005 march 7, 2005 support added for memory-mapped files. 7.1 r14sp3 1.5.0 september 1, 2005 first 64-bit version available for windows xp 64-bit. 7.2 r2006a 15 1.5.0 2006 march 1, 2006 7.3 r2006b 16 1.5.0 september 1, 2006 hdf5-based mat-file support added. 7.4 r2007a 17 1.5.0_07 2007 march 1, 2007 new bsxfun function added to apply element-by-element binary operation with singleton expansion enabled. 7.5 r2007b 18 1.6.0 september 1, 2007 last release for windows 2000 and powerpc mac; license server support for windows vista; new internal format for p-code. 7.6 r2008a 19 1.6.0 2008 march 1, 2008 major enhancements to object-oriented programming abilities with a new class definition syntax; ability to manage namespaces with packages. 7.7 r2008b 20 1.6.0_04 october 9, 2008 last release for processors w/o sse2; new map data structure; upgrades to random number generators. 7.8 r2009a 21 1.6.0_04 2009 march 6, 2009 first release for microsoft 32-bit & 64-bit windows 7; new external interface to .net framework. 7.9 r2009b 22 1.6.0_12 september 4, 2009 first release for intel 64-bit mac, and last for solaris sparc; new use for the tilde operator (~) to ignore arguments in function calls. 7.9.1 r2009bsp1 1.6.0_12 2010 april 1, 2010 bug fixes. 7.10 r2010a 23 1.6.0_12 march 5, 2010 last release for intel 32-bit mac. 7.11 r2010b 24 1.6.0_17 september 3, 2010 added support for enumerations; added features for running matlab code on nvidia cuda-based gpus. 7.11.1 r2010bsp1 1.6.0_17 2011 march 17, 2011 bug fixes and updates. 7.11.2 r2010bsp2 1.6.0_17 april 5, 2012 bug fixes. 7.12 r2011a 25 1.6.0_17 april 8, 2011 new rng function to control random number generation. 7.13 r2011b 26 1.6.0_17 september 1, 2011 added ability to access/change parts of variables directly in mat-files, without loading into memory; increased maximum local workers with parallel computing toolbox from 8 to 12. 7.14 r2012a 27 1.6.0_17 2012 march 1, 2012 last version with 32-bit linux support. 8 r2012b 28 1.6.0_17 september 11, 2012 first release with toolstrip interface; matlab apps introduced; redesigned documentation system. 8.1 r2013a 29 1.6.0_17 2013 march 7, 2013 new unit testing framework. 8.2 r2013b 30 1.7.0_11 september 6, 2013 built in java runtime environment (jre) updated to version 7; new table data type. 8.3 r2014a 31 1.7.0_11 2014 march 7, 2014 simplified compiler setup for building mex-files; usb webcams support in core matlab; number of local workers no longer limited to 12 with parallel computing toolbox. 8.4 r2014b 32 1.7.0_11 october 3, 2014 new class-based graphics engine (a.k.a. hg2); tabbing function in gui; improved user toolbox packaging and help files; new objects for time-date manipulations; git-subversion integration in ide; big data abilities with mapreduce (scalable to hadoop); new py package for using python from inside matlab; new engine interface to call matlab from python; several new and improved functions: webread (restful web services with json/xml support), tcpclient (socket-based connections), histcounts, histogram, animatedline, and others. 8.5 r2015a 33 1.7.0_60 2015 march 5, 2015 8.5 r2015asp1 1.7.0_60 october 14, 2015 last release supporting windows xp and windows vista. 8.6 r2015b 34 1.7.0_60 september 3, 2015 new matlab execution engine (a.k.a. lxe); graph and digraph classes to work with graphs and networks; mingw-w64 as supported compiler on windows; last version with 32-bit support. 9.0 r2016a 35 1.7.0_60 2016 march 3, 2016 released live scripts: interactive documents that combine text, code, and output (in the style of literate programming); app designer introduced: a new development environment for building apps (with new kind of ui figures, axes, and components); pause execution of running programs using a pause button. 9.1 r2016b 36 1.7.0_60 september 15, 2016 added ability to define local functions in scripts; automatic expansion of dimensions (previously provided via explicit call to bsxfun); tall arrays for big data; new string type; new functions to encode/decode json; official matlab engine api for java. 9.2 r2017a 37 1.7.0_60 2017 march 9, 2017 released matlab online: cloud-based matlab desktop accessed in a web browser; double-quoted strings; new memoize function for memoization; expanded object properties validation; mocking framework for unit testing; mex targets 64-bit by default; new heatmap function for creating heatmap charts. 9.3 r2017b 38 1.8.0_121 september 21, 2017 new decomposition object for solving linear systems; new geobubble, wordcloud, and binscatter graphics functions; object-oriented c++ engine api and matlab data api; introduced a gpu coder that converts matlab code to cuda code for nvidia. 9.4 r2018a 39 1.8.0_144 2018 march 15, 2018 live functions in interactive documents; support for adding interactive controls in live scripts; create deployed intranet web apps using matlab compiler; custom tab completion for user functions; c++ mex api; interleaved storage for complex numbers in c mex files. 9.5 r2018b 40 1.8.0_152 september 12, 2018 new stackedplot, scatterhistogram, and imtile graphics functions; more i/o functions support accessing remote data from cloud sources (like aws, azure, hadoop); grid layout manager for uifigure apps; neural network toolbox replaced with deep learning toolbox. 9.6 r2019a 41 1.8.0_181 2019 march 20, 2019 matlab projects; xcorr and xcov function are now in core matlab; new readmatrix, readvars, and readcell i/o functions as well as the write variants; new parallelplot graphics function; colors can be specified in hexadecimal format (#ff8800) in graphics objects; new clibgen package for generating wrapper interfaces to c++ libraries; out-of-process execution mode for mex functions; added state machine programming with stateflow. 9.7 r2019b 42 1.8.0_202 september 11, 2019 live editor tasks; hexadecimal and binary literals; dot-indexing into function outputs; arguments block for function input validation; bluetooth le interface; new tiled chart layout functions (tiledlayout and nexttile); out-of-process execution mode for python. 9.8 r2020a 43 2020 march 19, 2020 improved intel mkl support for amd cpus (avx2); utf-8 encoding by default for text files and i/o; new exportgraphics function; new boxchart graphics function; removal of mupad notebook; ability to create stand-alone applications with simulink. 9.9 r2020b 44 september 17, 2020 build pattern expressions similar to regular expressions for text; readstruct and writestruct i/o functions for structures in xml files; bluetooth interface; new bubblechart and swarmchart graphics functions; new turbo colormap; new exportapp function; introduced custom ui component class; online version of simulink. 9.10 r2021a 45 2021 march 11, 2021 new name=value syntax for passing function arguments; new class diagram tool; new matlab api for xml processing (maxp) matlab.io.xml.*; new bubblecloud graphics function. 9.11 r2021b 46 september 22, 2021 improvements to code editor (block editing, automatic suggestions/completions, refactoring, etc.); new sftp function. 9.12.0 r2022a 47 2022 march 9, 2022 windows 7 is no longer supported; utf-8 used as system encoding on windows, including system calls made from mex files; enhanced p-code obfuscation; support for .opus audio files; create custom live editor tasks. 9.13 r2022b 48 1.8.0_202 august 24, 2022 new dictionary data type (associative array); output validation in arguments block; build automation task runner using a buildfile.m file; support for both .net (core) and .net framework in matlab interface to .net and engine api. 9.14.0 r2023a 49 2023 march 16, 2023 live editor tasks: import data in live scripts; interactively find and remove periodic and polynomial trends from data; pivot function: summarize tabular data in pivot tables; python interface: support for conversions of python and numpy data types; use python objects as keys in a matlab dictionary; unit testing framework: run tests using the test browser; java interface: support for java 11 jdk and jre the number (or release number) is the version reported by concurrent license manager program flexlm. for a complete list of changes of both matlab and official toolboxes, consult the matlab release notes.