ganz, but resigned after a dwi arrest in june 2019, putting the merger on hold. pennsylvania though historically "blue cross" was used for hospital coverage while "blue shield" was used for medical coverage, today that split only exists for traditional health insurance plans in pennsylvania. two independent companies operate in central pennsylvania, highmark blue shield (pittsburgh) and capital blue cross (central pennsylvania). in southeastern pennsylvania, independence blue cross (philadelphia) has a joint marketing agreement with highmark blue shield (pittsburgh) for their separate hospital and medical plans. however, independence blue cross, like most of its sister blue cross blue shield companies, cover most of their customers under managed care plans such as hmos and ppos which provide hospital and medical care in one policy. rhode island blue cross & blue shield of rhode island was founded in 1939. the insurer is headquartered in providence, at the 13-storey, $114 million smith hill office tower that it had built during 2008 to 2009: blue cross & blue shield of rhode island headquarters. u.s. virgin islands bluecross blueshield of the u.s. virgin islands is administered by bluecross blueshield of puerto rico. vermont blue cross blue shield of vermont was founded in 1980. in 2022, bcbs vermont sued teva pharmaceuticals over its "years-long scheme to reap excessive profits" from sales of its multiple sclerosis (ms) drug, copaxone. wyoming blue cross blue shield of wyoming (bcbswy) is a non-profit founded in 1945. in 2022, bcbswy penned opposition to the pharmacy benefit managers act enhancements (wyoming senate file 0036). nonprofit status debate while only some members retain nonprofit status, the ones that do have been criticized for holding excessive amounts of cash or excessive executive compensation. for instance, the ceo of bcbs michigan, daniel loepp, earned over 19 million usd in 2018, more than the ceo of ford or fiat chrysler during the same year. in 2014, bc/bs of illinois (health care service corporation) was sued over its nonprofit status. the lawsuit was dismissed, with prejudice, and the dismissal ruling was upheld on appeal. similar suits occurred with similar results in other states such as oregon. for-profit conversions conversions into for-profit corporations typically results in distribution of some of the assets into a charitable foundation. when blue cross of california was converted, it initially had no distribution, but subsequently the california endowment and california health care foundation were endowed with $3.2 billion. proceeds ranged from $3.2 billion (california) to $1.5 million (nevada).: 63 an exceptional case occurred in the empire blue cross conversion, where the proceeds went to fund wage increases for union workers. antitrust settlement in 2022, the group of 34 companies that make up the bcbs association settled an antitrust investigation by allowing competition among member companies under non-blue names while retaining regional exclusivity for regional licenses.