inferior gluteal artery inferior gluteal artery the inferior gluteal artery (sciatic artery) is the smaller of the two terminal branches of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery. it exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen. it is distributed chiefly to the buttock and the back of the thigh. inferior gluteal arteryleft gluteal region, showing surface markings for arteries and sciatic nerveinternal iliac artery and branches, including inferior gluteal arterydetailssourceinternal iliac arterybranchesaccompanying artery of ischiadic nerveveininferior gluteal veinssuppliesgluteus maximus, piriformis and quadratus femoris musclesidentifierslatinarteria glutaea inferiorta98a12.2.15.018ta24355fma18871anatomical terminology anatomy course it passes down on the sacral plexus of nerves and the piriformis muscle, behind the internal pudendal artery. it passes through the lower part of the greater sciatic foramen. it exits the pelvis between piriformis muscle and coccygeus muscle. it then descends in the interval between the greater trochanter of the femur and tuberosity of the ischium. it is accompanied by the sciatic nerve and the posterior femoral cutaneous nerves, and covered by the gluteus maximus. it continues down the back of the thigh, supplying the skin, and anastomosing with branches of the perforating arteries. additional images the arteries of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions. dissection of side wall of pelvis showing sacral and pudendal plexuses. dissection images inferior gluteal artery.