also identified a number of other cognitive distortions, which can contribute to depression, including the following: arbitrary inference, selective abstraction, overgeneralization, magnification and minimization. in 2008, beck proposed an integrative developmental model of depression that aims to incorporate research in genetics and the neuroscience of depression. this model was updated in 2016 to incorporate multiple levels of analyses, new research, and key concepts (e.g., resilience) within the framework of an evolutionary perspective. other applications cognitive therapy has been applied to a very wide range of behavioral health issues including: academic achievement addiction anxiety disorders bipolar disorder low self-esteem phobia schizophrenia substance abuse suicidal ideation weight loss criticisms