penstylhamaparvovirus penstylhamaparvovirus penstylhamaparvovirus is the name of a genus of viruses in the subfamily hamaparvovirinae of the virus family parvoviridae. shrimps and insects serve as natural hosts. there is only one species in this genus: decapod penstylhamaparvovirus 1. penstylhamaparvovirus virus classification (unranked): virus realm: monodnaviria kingdom: shotokuvirae phylum: cossaviricota class: quintoviricetes order: piccovirales family: parvoviridae subfamily: hamaparvovirinae genus: penstylhamaparvovirus structure viruses in penstylhamaparvovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and round geometries, and t=1 symmetry. the diameter is around 21-22 nm. genomes are linear, around 4kb in length. genusstructuresymmetrycapsidgenomic arrangementgenomic segmentation penstylhamaparvovirusicosahedralt=1non-envelopedlinearsegmented life cycle viral replication is nuclear. entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment to host receptors, which mediates clathrin-mediated endocytosis. replication follows the rolling-hairpin model. dna-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. the virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export. shrimps and insects serve as the natural host. genushost detailstissue tropismentry detailsrelease detailsreplication siteassembly sitetransmission penstylhamaparvoviruscrustaceansnoneclathrin-mediated endocytosisbuddingnucleusnucleusunknown