reported that the killing of women has risen sharply since the first stay-at-home order was issued on 11 march with at least 12 women killed between the stay-at-home order and the end of the month. the head of the turkish federation of women's associations echoed these comments, stating that the emergency hotlines had a surge of callers amid the outbreak, with physical and psychological abuse being the most identified. one study found a negative relationship between stay-at-home orders and femicides in turkey. specifically, the study reported that fewer women were killed by intimate partners in cities that experienced a lockdown during the covid-19 pandemic. according to the authors, "one driver of decline is the inability of ex-partners to reach victims under curfews... we do not find any impact on female homicides by other perpetrator types." united kingdom