sees a spectrum of "statin denialism" ranging from pseudoscientific claims to the understatement of benefits and overstatement of side effects, all of which is contrary to the scientific evidence. mental illness denial main article: mental illness denial mental illness denial or mental disorder denial is where a person denies the existence of mental disorders. both serious analysts, as well as pseudoscientific movements question the existence of certain disorders. a minority of professional researchers see disorders such as depression from a sociocultural perspective and argue that the solution to it is fixing a dysfunction in society, not in the person's brain. some people may also deny that they have a mental illness after being diagnosed, certain analysts argue this denialism is usually fueled by narcissistic injury. anti-psychiatry movements such as scientology promote mental illness denial by having alternative practices to psychiatry. election denial election denial is false dismissal of the outcome of a fair election. stacey abrams denied the 2018 election for governor in georgia was "a free and fair election" and spent $22 million in "largely unsuccessful" litigation. in the united states during 2022, there is an ongoing stolen election conspiracy theory about the 2020 presidential election. historical examples this section is an excerpt from historical negationism. historical negationism, also called denialism, is falsification or distortion of the historical record. it should not be conflated with historical revisionism, a broader term that extends to newly evidenced, fairly reasoned academic reinterpretations of history. in attempting to revise the past, illegitimate historical revisionism may use techniques inadmissible in proper historical discourse, such as presenting known forged documents as genuine, inventing ingenious but implausible reasons for distrusting genuine documents, attributing conclusions to books and sources that report the opposite, manipulating statistical series to support the given point of view, and deliberately mistranslating texts. some countries, such as germany, have criminalized the negationist revision of certain historical events, while others take a more cautious position for various reasons, such as protection of free speech; others mandate negationist views, such as california, where schoolchildren have been explicitly prevented from learning about the california genocide. notable examples of negationism include holocaust denial, armenian genocide denial, turkish textbook controversies, denial of kurds by turkey, the lost cause of the confederacy, the myth of the clean wehrmacht, japanese history textbook controversies, holodomor denial and historiography in the soviet union during the stalin era. some notable historical negationists include ilham aliyev, arthur butz, grover furr, shinzo abe, shudo higashinakano, david irving, bongbong marcos, keith windschuttle, and ernst zundel. in literature, the consequences of historical negationism have been imaginatively depicted in some works of fiction, such as nineteen eighty-four, by george orwell. in modern times, negationism may spread via new media, such as the internet. armenian genocide denialism this section is an excerpt from armenian genocide denial. the iğdır genocide memorial and museum promotes the view that armenians committed genocide against turks, rather than vice versa. armenian genocide denial is the claim that the ottoman empire and its ruling party, the committee of union and progress (cup), did not commit genocide against its armenian citizens during world war i—a crime documented in a large body of evidence and affirmed by the vast majority of scholars. the perpetrators denied the genocide as they carried it out, claiming that armenians in the ottoman empire were resettled for military reasons, not exterminated. in the genocide's aftermath, incriminating documents were systematically destroyed, and denial has been the policy of every government of the republic of turkey, as of 2023. borrowing arguments used by the cup to justify its actions, denial of the armenian genocide rests on the assumption that the "relocation" of armenians was a legitimate state action in response to a real or perceived armenian uprising that threatened the existence of the empire during wartime. deniers assert the cup intended to resettle armenians rather than kill them. they claim the death toll is exaggerated or attribute the deaths to other factors, such as a purported civil war, disease, bad weather, rogue local officials, or bands of kurds and outlaws. historian ronald grigor suny summarizes the main argument as "there was no genocide, and the armenians were to blame for it". denial is usually accompanied by "rhetoric of armenian treachery, aggression, criminality, and territorial ambition". one of the most important reasons for this denial is that the genocide enabled the establishment of a turkish nation-state. recognition would contradict turkey's founding myths. since the 1920s, turkey has worked to prevent official recognition of the genocide or even mention of it in other countries; these efforts have included millions of dollars spent on lobbying, the creation of research institutes, and intimidation and threats. denial also affects turkey's domestic policies and is taught in turkish schools; some turkish citizens who acknowledge the genocide have faced prosecution for "insulting turkishness". the century-long effort by the turkish state to deny the genocide sets it apart from other cases of genocide in history. azerbaijan also denies the genocide and campaigns against its recognition internationally. most turkish citizens and political parties in turkey support the state's denial policy. the denial of the genocide contributes to the nagorno-karabakh conflict as well as ongoing violence against kurds in turkey. a 2014 poll of 1500 people conducted by edam, a turkish think-tank, found that 9 percent of turkish citizens recognize the genocide. holocaust denialism holocaust denial refers to denial of the murder of 5 to 6 million jews by the nazis in europe during world war 2. it is an essentially irrational action that withholds validation of a historical experience or event." in this context, the term is a subset of the more accurate genocide denial, which is a form of politically motivated denialism. nakba denialism nakba denial refers to attempts to downgrade, deny and misdescribe the ethnic cleansing of palestinians during the nakba. in which four-fifths of all palestinians were driven off their lands and into exile. srebrenica massacre denialism sonja biserko, president of the helsinki committee for human rights in serbia, and edina bečirević, the faculty of criminalistics, criminology and security studies of the university of sarajevo have pointed to a culture of denial of the srebrenica massacre in serbian society, taking many forms and present in particular in political discourse, the media, the law and the educational system.