tupavirus tupavirus tupavirus is a genus of viruses in the family rhabdoviridae, order mononegavirales. tupavirus virus classification (unranked): virus realm: riboviria kingdom: orthornavirae phylum: negarnaviricota class: monjiviricetes order: mononegavirales family: rhabdoviridae genus: tupavirus species durham tupavirus klamath tupavirus tupaia tupavirus taxonomy the genus contains the following species: durham tupavirus klamath tupavirus tupaia tupavirus structure tupavirions enveloped, with bullet shaped geometries. these particles are about 160 nm long. tupavirus genomes are linear, around 11.2 kb in length. the genome codes for 7 proteins. genusstructuresymmetrycapsidgenomic arrangementgenomic segmentation tupavirusbullet-shapedenvelopedlinear life cycle viral replication is cytoplasmic. entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral g glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates clathrin-mediated endocytosis. replication follows the negative stranded rna virus replication model. negative stranded rna virus transcription, using polymerase stuttering is the method of transcription. the virus exits the host cell by budding, and tubule-guided viral movement. birds serve as the natural host for durham tupavirus, with antibodies having been found in the american coot (fulica americana). additionally, antibodies for klamath tupavirus have been found in several species of deer, bison, and humans, as well as voles and shrews. genushost detailstissue tropismentry detailsrelease detailsreplication siteassembly sitetransmission tupavirusbirdsnoneclathrin-mediated endocytosisbuddingcytoplasmcytoplasmunknown