arteryc2, c3, c4, c5, c6flexes neck and head ??? 74 longus capitisanterior tubercles of transverse processes of vertebrae c3, c4, c5, and c6basilar part of occipital bonec1, c2, c3/c4flexes neck at atlanto-occipital joint ??? 75 rectus capitis anterioratlasoccipital bonec1 ??? 76 rectus capitis lateralisupper surface of transverse process of atlasunder surface of jugular process of occipital bonesidebens at atlanto-occipital joint ??? 77 lateral muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist number of occurrences in a standard human body wiki nr. scalenecervical vertebraefirst and second ribsascending cervical artery from inferior thyroid arterycervical nerves (c3, c4, c5, c6, c7)elevates first rib and second rib ??? 78 anteriorc3-c6first ribventral ramus of c5, c6when neck is fixed, elevates first rib to aid in breathing; when rib is fixed, bends neck forward and sideways and rotates it to opposite side ??? 79 mediusc2-c6ventral rami of third to eighth cervical spinal nerveselevates first rib, rotates neck to opposite side ??? 80 posteriortransverse processes of c4 – c6second ribascending cervical artery, superficial cervical arteryc6, c7, c8elevates second rib, tilts neck to same side ??? 81 levator scapulaeposterior tubercles of transverse processes of c1 – c4superior part of medial border of scapuladorsal scapular arterycervical nerve (c3, c4) and dorsal scapular nerve (c5)elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapulaserratus anterior ??? 82 rectus capitis lateralisupper surface of transverse process of atlas (c1)under surface of jugular process of occipital bonec1laterally flexes neck, stabilises atlanto-occipital joint ??? 83 obliquus capitis superiorlateral mass of atlaslateral half of inferior nuchal linesuboccipital nerveflexes head to same side ??? 84 obliquus capitis inferiorspinous process of axislateral mass of atlasrotates neck ??? 85 posterior muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist number of occurrences in a standard human body wiki nr. rectus capitis posterior minortubercle on posterior arch of atlas (c1)medial part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone and surface between it and foramen magnuma branch of dorsal primary division of suboccipital nervesensory organ for neck position, also extends head at neck ??? 86 rectus capitis posterior majorspinous process of axis (c2)inferior nucheal line of occipital boneoccipital arterydorsal ramus of c1 (suboccipital nerve)rotates and extends head to same side ??? 87 semispinalis capitisarticular processes of c4-c6; transverse processes of c7 and t1-t7occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal linesgreater occipital nerveextends head ??? 88 longissimus capitisarticular processes of c4-c7; transverse processes of t1-t5posterior margin of mastoid processlateral sacral arteryposterior branch of spinal nervelaterally: flexes head and neck to same side bilaterally: extends vertebral column ??? 89 splenius capitisnuchal ligament, spinous processes of c7-t6mastoid processc3, c4extends, rotates, and laterally flex head ??? 90 obliquus capitis superiorlateral mass of atlaslateral half of inferior nuchal linesuboccipital nerveflexes head to same side ??? 91 obliquus capitis inferiorspinous process of axislateral mass of atlasrotates neck ??? 92 torso abdomen muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist number of occurrences in a standard human body wiki nr. rectus abdominispubic symphysis, pubic crestxiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 5-7inferior epigastric artery, superior epigastric artery; contributions from posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal arteries, and deep circumflex arteriesintercostal nerves, subcostal nerveflexes trunk, compresses abdominal organs, aids in expirationerector spinae ??? 93 external obliqueexternal surfaces of ribs 5-12linea alba, pubic tubercle, anterior half of iliac crestlower posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal artery, deep circumflex iliac arterymotor: intercostal nerves (t7-t11), subcostal nerve sensory: iliohypogastric nervebilateral: flexes trunk, expiration, compresses abdominal organs unilateral: flexes trunk to same side, rotates trunk to opposite side ??? 94 internal obliqueanterior two-thirds of iliac crest, iliopectineal arch, thoracolumbar fasciainferior borders of ribs 10–12, pubic crestlower posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal artery, superior epigastric artery, inferior epigastric artery, superficial circumflex iliac artery, deep circumflex iliac artery, posterior lumbar arteriesintercostal nerves (t7-t11), subcostal nerve, iliohypogastric nerve, ilioinguinal nervebilateral: flexes trunk, expiration, compresses abdominal organs unilateral: flexes trunk to same side, rotates trunk to opposite side ??? 95 transversus abdominisinternal surface of costal cartilage of ribs 7–12, thoracolumbar fascia, anterior two-thirds of iliac crest, iliopectineal archlinea alba, aponeurosis of internal oblique muscle, pubic crestlower posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal artery, superior epigastric artery, inferior epigastric artery, superficial circumflex iliac artery, deep circumflex iliac artery, posterior lumbar arteriesintercostal nerves t7-t11, subcostal nerve, iliohypogastric nerve, ilioinguinal nervebilateral: compresses abdominal organs, expiration unilateral: rotates trunk to same side ??? 96 pyramidalispubic symphysis, pubic crestlinea albainferior epigastric arterysubcostal nervetenses linea alba ??? 97 quadratus lumborumiliac crest, iliolumbar ligamentinferior border of rib 12, transverse processes of l1-l4lumbar, median sacral, iliolumbar, subcostal arteriessubcostal nerve, anterior rami of spinal nerves l1-l4bilateral: fixes rib 12 during inspiration, extends trunk unilateral: flexes trunk to same side ??? 98 back muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist number of occurrences in a standard human body wiki nr. erector spinaespinous processes of last four thoracic vertebraeboth spines of most cranial thoracic vertebrae and cervical vertebraelateral sacral arteryposterior branch of spinal nervebilateral: extends vertebral column unilateral: laterally flexes vertebral column to same side rectus abdominis ??? 99 iliocostalissacrum, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, spinous processesribs ??? 100 longissimustransverse processtransverse process ??? 101 spinalisspinous processspinous process ??? 102 latissimus dorsispinous processes of thoracic t6-t12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribsfloor of intertubercular groove of humerussubscapular artery, dorsal scapular arterythoracodorsal nervepulls forelimb dorsally and caudallydeltoid, trapezius ??? 103 transversospinalestransverse processspinous processposterior branches of spinal nervebilateral: extends vertebral column unilateral: rotates vertebral column ??? 104 semispinalis thoracis(dorsi)transverse processes of sixth to tenth thoracic vertebraespinous processes of upper four thoracic vertebrae and lower two cervical vertebrae ??? 105 semispinalis cervicis(colli)transverse processes of upper five or six thoracic vertebraecervical spinous processes, from axis to fifth ??? 106 semispinalis capitis(complexus)transversal process of lower cervical and higher thoracal columnaarea between superior nuchal line and inferior nuchal linegreater occipital nerveextends head ??? 107 multifidussacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis, psis, and iliac crestspinous processposterior branch of spinal nervestabilizes vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column ??? 108 rotatorestransverse processposterior branch ??? 109 interspinalesspinous processposterior rami of spinal nervesextends, flexes, and rotates vertebral column ??? 110 intertransversariitransverse processtransverse process abovelaterally flexes trunk ??? 111 splenius capitisnuchal ligament, spinous process of c7-t6mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bonec3, c4extends, rotates, and laterally flexes head ??? 112 cervicisspinous processes of t3-t6transverse processes of c1, c2, c3c5, c6 ??? 113 chest muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. intercostalsribs 1–11ribs 2–12intercostal arteriesintercostal nerves 114 externalinferior border of rib (above)superior border of rib (below)inhalationinternal 115 internalholds ribs steadyexternal 116 innermostelevates ribs, expiration 117 subcostalesinner surface of one ribinner surface of second or third rib above, near its angle 118 transversus thoraciscostal cartilages of last 3–4 ribs, body of sternum, xiphoid processribs/costal cartilages 2–6depresses ribs 119 levatores costarumtransverse processes of c7 to t12 vertebraesuperior surfaces of ribs immediately inferior to preceding vertebraedorsal rami – c8, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8, t9, t10, t11assists in elevation of thoracic rib cage 120 serratus posterior muscles inferiorvertebrae t11 – l3inferior borders of 9th through 12th ribsintercostal arteriesintercostal nervesdepresses lower ribs, aiding in expiration 121 superiornuchal ligament (or ligamentum nuchae) and spinous processes of vertebrae c7 through t3upper borders of 2nd through 5th ribs2nd through 5th intercostal nerveselevates ribs, aiding in inspiration 122 diaphragmseptum transversum, pleuroperitoneal folds, inner abdominal wallpericardiacophrenic artery, musculophrenic artery, inferior phrenic arteriesphrenic and lower intercostal nervesbreathing 123 pelvis muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. coccygeussacrospinous ligamentcoccyxsacral nerves: s4, s5 or s3-s4closes back part of pelvic outlet 124 levator ani 125 iliococcygeusischial spine, posterior part of tendinous arch of pelvic fasciacoccyx and anococcygeal rapheinferior gluteal arterylevator ani nerve (s4) inferior rectal nerve from pudendal nerve (s3, s4) coccygeal plexus supports organs in pelvic cavity 126 pubococcygeusback surface of pubis, anterior part of obturator fasciacoccyx and sacrumcontrols urine flow, contracts during orgasm 127 puborectalislower part of pubic symphysis-s3, s4. levator ani nerveinhibits defecation 128 perineum muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. sphincter ani externus--inferior rectal arterys4 and twigs from inferior anal nerves of pudendal nervekeeps anal canal and anus closed, aids in expulsion of feces- 129 internus--pudendal nerve- 130 superficial perineal pouch superficial transverse perineal muscleanterior surface of ischial tuberositycentral point of perineumperineal arterypudendal nerveconstricts urethra (maintains urinary continence), constricts vagina (women) 131 bulbospongiosusperineal raphe-empties urethra (men) clenches vagina (women) 132 ischiocavernosusischial tuberositycrus of penis (men) crus of clitoris (women) assists bulbospongiosus 133 deep perineal pouch deep transverse perineal muscleinferior ramus of ischiumits fellow of opposite sidepudendal nerveconstricts urethra (maintains urinary continence), constricts vagina (women) 134 sphincter urethrae membranaceaejunction of inferior rami of pubis and ischium about 1.25 – 2 cm, and from neighboring fasciaperineal branch of pudendal nerve (s2, s3, s4)constricts urethra, maintains urinary continence 135 upper limb vertebral column muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. trapeziusdown midline, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, medial part of superior nuchal line, spinous processes of vertebrae c7-t12at shoulders, lateral third of clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapulatransverse cervical arterymotor: accessory nerve sensory: cervical nerves c3 and c4 retracts and elevates scapulaserratus anterior 136 latissimus dorsispinous processes of thoracic t6-t12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribsfloor of intertubercular groove of humerussubscapular artery, dorsal scapular arterythoracodorsal nervepulls forelimb dorsally and caudallydeltoid, trapezius 137 rhomboidsnuchal ligaments, spinous processes of c7-t5 vertebraemedial border of scapuladorsal scapular arterydorsal scapular nerve (c4 and c5)retracts scapula and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity, fixes scapula to thoracic wallserratus anterior 138 rhomboid majorspinous processes of t2 to t5 vertebraemedial border of scapula, inferior to insertion of rhomboid minor 139 rhomboid minornuchal ligaments and spinous processes of c7- to t1 vertebraemedial border of scapula, superior to insertion of rhomboid major 140 levator scapulaeposterior tubercles of transverse processes of c1 – c4 vertebraesuperior part of medial border of scapulacervical nerve (c3, c4) and dorsal scapular nerve (c5)elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula 141 thoracic walls muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. pectoralis majorclavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilagesintertubercular groove of humeruspectoral branch of thoracoacromial arterylateral pectoral nerve, medial pectoral nerve clavicular head: c5 and c6 sternocostal head: c7, c8 and t1adducts and medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly clavicular head: flexes humerus sternocostal head: extends humerus 142 pectoralis minor3rd to 5th ribs, near their costal cartilagesmedial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapulamedial pectoral nerve (c8, t1)stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall 143 subclaviusfirst ribsubclavian groove of claviclethoracoacromial artery, clavicular branchsubclavian nervedepresses clavicle 144 serratus anteriorfleshy slips from outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribscostal surface of medial margin of scapulaupper part: lateral thoracic artery lower part:thoracodorsal artery long thoracic nerve (from roots of brachial plexus c5, c6, c7)protracts and stabilises scapula, assists in upward rotationrhomboid major, rhomboid minor, trapezius 145 shoulder muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr deltoidclavicle, acromion, spine of scapuladeltoid tuberosity of humerusprimarily posterior circumflex humeral arteryaxillary nerveabducts, flexes, and extends shoulderlatissimus dorsi 146 teres majorposterior surface of inferior angle of scapulamedial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerussubscapular artery, circumflex scapular arterylower subscapular nerve (segmental levels c5 and c6)internally rotates humerus 147 rotator cuff supraspinatussupraspinous fossa of scapulasuperior facet of greater tubercle of humerussuprascapular arterysuprascapular nerveabducts and stabilises humerusinfraspinatus, teres minor, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi 148 infraspinatusinfraspinous fossa of scapulamiddle facet of greater tubercle of humerussuprascapular artery, circumflex scapular arterylaterally rotates, adducts, and stabilises humerussubscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi 149 teres minorlateral border of scapulainferior facet of greater tubercle of humerusposterior circumflex humeral artery, circumflex scapular arteryaxillary nervelaterally rotates and adducts humerussubscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi 150 subscapularissubscapular fossa of scapulalesser tubercle of humerussubscapular arteryupper subscapular nerve, lower subscapular nerve (c5, c6)medially rotates humerus, stabilizes shoulderinfraspinatus, teres minor 151 anterior compartment muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. coracobrachialiscoracoid process of scapulamedial surface of humerusbrachial arterymusculocutaneous nerveflexes and adducts shoulder 152 biceps brachiishort head: coracoid process of scapulalong head: supraglenoid tubercleradial tuberosity, bicipital aponeurosismusculocutaneous nerve (lateral cord: c5, c6, c7)flexes elbow, supinates forearmtriceps brachii 153 brachialisanterior surface of humerus (mainly distal half)coronoid process of ulna, tuberosity of ulnaradial recurrent arterymusculocutaneous nerveflexes elbow 154 posterior compartment muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. triceps brachiilong head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula lateral head: posterior humerus (above radial sulcus)medial head: posterior humerus - (below radial sulcus)olecranon of ulnadeep artery of armradial nerveextends forearm long head: adducts shoulder medial head: does not function at shoulder biceps brachii, brachialis 155 anconeuslateral epicondyle of humeruslateral surface of olecranon, superior part of posterior ulnadeep artery of arm, interosseous recurrent arteryradial nerve (c7, c8, and t1)partly blended with triceps, extends forearm, stabilises elbow, abducts ulna during pronation 156 superficial muscleorigininsertionarterynerveactionantagonist wiki nr. pronator tereshumeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon) ulnar head: coronoid process of ulnapronator tuberosity of radiusulnar artery, radial arterymedian nervepronates forearm, flexes elbowsupinator 157 flexor carpi radialismedial epicondyle of humerus