feminization (biology) feminization (biology) in biology and medicine, feminization is the development in an organism of physical characteristics that are usually unique to the female of the species. this may represent a normal developmental process, contributing to sexual differentiation. feminization can also be induced by environmental factors, and this phenomenon has been observed in several animal species. in the case of transgender hormone therapy, it is intentionally induced artificially. part of a series onsex biological terms sexual dimorphism sexual differentiation feminization virilization sex-determination system xy x0 zw z0 temperature-dependent haplodiploidy heterogametic sex homogametic sex sex chromosome x chromosome y chromosome testis-determining factor hermaphrodite sequential hermaphroditism simultaneous hermaphroditism intersex (biology) mating type sexual reproduction evolution of sexual reproduction anisogamy isogamy germ cell meiosis gametogenesis spermatogenesis oogenesis gamete spermatozoon ovum fertilization external fertilization internal fertilization sexual selection plant reproduction fungal reproduction sexual reproduction in animals sexual intercourse copulation human reproduction lordosis behavior pelvic thrust sexuality plant sexuality animal sexuality human sexuality mechanics differentiation activity sexual system dioecy gonochorism hermaphrodite pathological feminization in animals, when feminization occurs in a male, or at an inappropriate developmental age, it is often due to a genetic or acquired disorder of the endocrine system. in humans, one of the more common manifestations of abnormal feminization is gynecomastia, the inappropriate development of breasts which may result from elevated levels of feminizing hormones such as estrogens. deficiency or blockage of virilizing hormones (androgens) can also contribute to feminization. in some cases, high levels of androgens may produce both virilizing effects (increased body hair, deepened voice, increased muscle mass, etc.) and feminizing effects (gynecomastia) since androgens can be converted to estrogens by aromatase in the peripheral tissues. in insects, feminization can occur through inheritance of reproduction-manipulating endosymbionts. this promotes the inheritance of the endosymbionts because the endosymbionts are passed on by mothers to their eggs. as such, the more endosymbiont-infected females there are in a population, the more the endosymbionts are passed on to the next generation.