list of antidepressants list of antidepressants this is a complete list of clinically approved prescription antidepressants throughout the world, as well as clinically approved prescription drugs used to augment antidepressants or mood stabilizers, by pharmacological and/or structural classification. chemical/generic names are listed first, with brand names in parentheses. all drugs listed are approved specifically for major depressive disorder unless noted otherwise. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (ssris) citalopram (celexa, cipramil) escitalopram (lexapro, cipralex) fluoxetine (prozac, sarafem) fluvoxamine (luvox, faverin) paroxetine (paxil, seroxat) sertraline (zoloft, lustral) discontinued/withdrawn indalpine (upstene) zimelidine (normud, zelmid) serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (snris) desvenlafaxine (pristiq) duloxetine (cymbalta) levomilnacipran (fetzima) milnacipran (ixel, savella, milnaneurax) venlafaxine (effexor, trevilor) serotonin modulators and stimulators (smss) vilazodone (viibryd) vortioxetine (trintellix, brintellix) serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors (saris) nefazodone (dutonin, nefadar, serzone) – withdrawn/discontinued in most countries trazodone (desyrel) discontinued/withdrawn etoperidone (axiomin, etonin) norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (nris) reboxetine (edronax) teniloxazine (lucelan, metatone) – also a 5-ht2a receptor antagonist viloxazine (vivalan) – also a 5-ht2b receptor antagonist and 5-ht2c receptor agonist off-label only atomoxetine (strattera) norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors (ndris) bupropion (wellbutrin, elontril) – also a non-competitive antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors off-label only amphetamines (e.g., adderall, dexedrine, vyvanse) – actually norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agents (ndras) methylphenidate (ritalin) modafinil (provigil) – actually a selective dopamine reuptake inhibitor plus other actions discontinued/withdrawn amineptine (survector, maneon) nomifensine (merital, alival) tricyclic antidepressants (tcas) amitriptyline (elavil, endep) amitriptylinoxide (amioxid, ambivalon, equilibrin) clomipramine (anafranil) desipramine (norpramin, pertofrane) dibenzepin (noveril, victoril) dimetacrine (istonil) dosulepin (prothiaden) doxepin (adapin, sinequan) imipramine (tofranil) lofepramine (lomont, gamanil) melitracen (dixeran, melixeran, trausabun) nitroxazepine (sintamil) nortriptyline (pamelor, aventyl) noxiptiline (agedal, elronon, nogedal) opipramol (insidon) pipofezine (azafen/azaphen) protriptyline (vivactil) trimipramine (surmontil) amineptine (survector, maneon) and tianeptine (stablon, coaxil) are technically tcas but are atypical, and are grouped elsewhere. discontinued/withdrawn butriptyline (evadyne) demexiptiline (deparon, tinoran) fluacizine (phtorazisin) imipraminoxide (imiprex, elepsin) iprindole (prondol, galatur, tetran) metapramine (timaxel) propizepine (depressin, vagran) quinupramine (kinupril, kevopril) tiazesim (altinil) – actually not a tca but a tricyclic-like antidepressant tofenacin (elamol, tofacine) – actually not a tca but a tricyclic-like antidepressant tetracyclic antidepressants (tecas) amoxapine (asendin) maprotiline (ludiomil) mianserin (tolvon) mirtazapine (remeron) setiptiline (tecipul) mianserin, mirtazapine, and setiptiline are also sometimes described as noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants (nassas). monoamine oxidase inhibitors (maois) non-selective isocarboxazid (marplan) phenelzine (nardil) tranylcypromine (parnate) discontinued/withdrawn benmoxin (neuralex) iproclozide (sursum) iproniazid (marsilid) mebanazine (actomol) nialamide (niamid) octamoxin (ximaol) pheniprazine (catron) phenoxypropazine (drazine) pivhydrazine (tersavid) safrazine (safra) selective for mao-b selegiline (eldepryl, zelapar, emsam) non-selective discontinued/withdrawn caroxazone (surodil, timostenil) selective for mao-a metralindole (inkazan) moclobemide (aurorix, manerix) pirlindole (pirazidol) these drugs are sometimes described as reversible inhibitors of mao-a (rimas). discontinued/withdrawn eprobemide (befol) minaprine (brantur, cantor) toloxatone (humoryl) non-selective bifemelane (alnert, celeport) – rima, irreversible inhibitor of mao-b, and weak nri atypical antipsychotics amisulpride (solian) – approved in low doses as a monotherapy for persistent depression lumateperone (caplyta) – approved as a monotherapy for bipolar depression lurasidone (latuda) – approved as a monotherapy for bipolar depression quetiapine (seroquel) – approved as a monotherapy for bipolar depression others marketed agomelatine (valdoxan) – 5-ht2c receptor antagonist and mt1 and mt2 receptor agonist brexanolone (allopregnanolone; zulresso) – gabaa receptor positive allosteric modulator – approved for postpartum depression bupropion/dextromethorphan (auvelity) – non-competitive nmda receptor antagonist, σ1 receptor agonist, serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor, other actions esketamine (spravato) – non-competitive nmda receptor antagonist, other actions tianeptine (stablon, coaxil, tianeurax) – weak and atypical μ-opioid receptor agonist, other actions off-label only ketamine (ketalar) – non-competitive nmda receptor antagonist discontinued/withdrawn α-methyltryptamine (indopan) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (sndra), and weak rima etryptamine (monase) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, sndra, and weak rima indeloxazine (elen, noin) – serotonin releasing agent (sra), nri, and nmda receptor antagonist medifoxamine (clédial, gerdaxyl) – weak serotonin–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (sdri) and 5-ht2a and 5-ht2c receptor antagonist oxaflozane (conflictan) – 5-ht1a, 5-ht2a, and 5-ht2c receptor agonist pivagabine (tonerg) – unknown/unclear mechanism of action over-the-counter the following antidepressants are available both with a prescription and over-the-counter: ademetionine (heptral, transmetil, samyl) – cofactor in monoamine neurotransmitter biosynthesis hypericum perforatum (jarsin, kira, movina) – trpc6 activator, and various other actions oxitriptan (cincofarm, levothym, triptum) – precursor in serotonin biosynthesis tryptophan (tryptan, optimax, aminomine) – precursor in serotonin biosynthesis adjunctive treatments atypical antipsychotics aripiprazole (abilify) – approved as an adjunct to antidepressant for major depression brexpiprazole (rexulti) – approved as an adjunct to antidepressant for major depression lumateperone (caplyta) – approved as an adjunct to mood stabilizer for bipolar depression lurasidone (latuda) – approved as an adjunct to mood stabilizer for bipolar depression olanzapine (zyprexa) – approved as an adjunct to antidepressant for major depression quetiapine (seroquel) – approved as an adjunct to antidepressant or mood stabilizer for major depression and bipolar depression off-label only risperidone (risperdal) off-label only trifluoperazine (stelazine) off-label only buspirone (buspar) – 5-ht1a receptor partial agonist lithium (eskalith, lithobid) – mood stabilizer (mechanism of action unknown/unclear) thyroxine (t4) – thyroid hormone (thyroid hormone receptor agonist) triiodothyronine (t3) – thyroid hormone (thyroid hormone receptor agonist) combination products amitriptyline/chlordiazepoxide (limbitrol) – tca and benzodiazepine combination amitriptyline/perphenazine (etafron) – tca and typical antipsychotic combination flupentixol/melitracen (deanxit) – tca and typical antipsychotic combination olanzapine/fluoxetine (symbyax) – ssri and atypical antipsychotic combination – approved as a monotherapy for bipolar depression and treatment-resistant depression tranylcypromine/trifluoperazine (parstelin, parmodalin, jatrosom n, stelapar) – maoi and typical antipsychotic combination