g-spot g-spot the g-spot, also called the gräfenberg spot (for german gynecologist ernst gräfenberg), is characterized as an erogenous area of the vagina that, when stimulated, may lead to strong sexual arousal, powerful orgasms and potential female ejaculation. it is typically reported to be located 5–8 cm (2–3 in) up the front (anterior) vaginal wall between the vaginal opening and the urethra and is a sensitive area that may be part of the female prostate. g-spotgräfenberg-spot(gräfenberg's locus)drawing of the female internal sexual anatomythe g-spot (6) is reportedly located 5–8 cm (2–3 in) into the vagina, at the side of the urethra (9) and the urinary bladder (3)anatomical terminology the existence of the g-spot has not been proven, nor has the source of female ejaculation. although the g-spot has been studied since the 1940s, disagreement persists over its existence as a distinct structure, definition and location. the g-spot may be an extension of the clitoris, which together may be the cause of orgasms experienced vaginally. sexologists and other researchers are concerned that women may consider themselves to be dysfunctional if they do not experience g-spot stimulation, and emphasize that not experiencing it is normal. theorized structure location two primary methods have been used to define and locate the g-spot as a sensitive area in the vagina: self-reported levels of arousal during stimulation, and stimulation of the g-spot leading to female ejaculation. ultrasound technology has also been used to identify physiological differences between women, and changes to the g-spot region during sexual activity. the location of the g-spot is typically reported as being about 50 to 80 mm (2 to 3 in) inside the vagina, on the front wall. for some women, stimulating this area creates a more intense orgasm than clitoral stimulation. the g-spot area has been described as needing direct stimulation, such as two fingers pressed deeply into it. attempting to stimulate the area through sexual penetration, especially in the missionary position, is difficult because of the particular angle of penetration required. vagina and clitoris touching g-spot in natural ways women usually need direct clitoral stimulation in order to orgasm, and g-spot stimulation may be best achieved by using both manual stimulation and vaginal penetration. a yoni massage also includes manual stimulation of the g-spot. sex toys are available for g-spot stimulation. one common sex toy is the specially-designed g-spot vibrator, which is a phallus-like vibrator that has a curved tip and attempts to make g-spot stimulation easy. g-spot vibrators are made from the same materials as regular vibrators, ranging from hard plastic, rubber, silicone, jelly, or any combination of them. the level of vaginal penetration when using a g-spot vibrator depends on the woman, because women's physiology is not always the same. the effects of g-spot stimulation when using the penis or a g-spot vibrator may be enhanced by additionally stimulating other erogenous zones on a woman's body, such as the clitoris or vulva as a whole. when using a g-spot vibrator, this may be done by manually stimulating the clitoris, including by using the vibrator as a clitoral vibrator, or, if the vibrator is designed for it, by applying it so that it stimulates the head of the clitoris, the rest of the vulva and the vagina simultaneously. a 1981 case study reported that stimulation of the anterior vaginal wall made the area grow by fifty percent and that self-reported levels of arousal/orgasm were deeper when the g-spot was stimulated. another study, in 1983, examined eleven women by palpating the entire vagina in a clockwise fashion, and reported a specific response to stimulation of the anterior vaginal wall in four of the women, concluding that the area is the g-spot. in a 1990 study, an anonymous questionnaire was distributed to 2,350 professional women in the united states and canada with a subsequent 55% return rate. of these respondents, 40% reported having a fluid release (ejaculation) at the moment of orgasm, and 82% of the women who reported the sensitive area (gräfenberg spot) also reported ejaculation with their orgasms. several variables were associated with this perceived existence of female ejaculation. some research suggests that g-spot and clitoral orgasms are of the same origin. masters and johnson were the first to determine that the clitoral structures surround and extend along and within the labia. upon studying women's sexual response cycle to different stimulation, they observed that both clitoral and vaginal orgasms had the same stages of physical response, and found that the majority of their subjects could only achieve clitoral orgasms, while a minority achieved vaginal orgasms. on this basis, masters and johnson argued that clitoral stimulation is the source of both kinds of orgasms, reasoning that the clitoris is stimulated during penetration by friction against its hood. researchers at the university of l'aquila, using ultrasonography, presented evidence that women who experience vaginal orgasms are statistically more likely to have thicker tissue in the anterior vaginal wall. the researchers believe these findings make it possible for women to have a rapid test to confirm whether or not they have a g-spot. professor of genetic epidemiology, tim spector, who co-authored research questioning the existence of the g-spot and finalized it in 2009, also hypothesizes thicker tissue in the g-spot area; he states that this tissue may be part of the clitoris and is not a separate erogenous zone. supporting spector's conclusion is a study published in 2005 which investigates the size of the clitoris – it suggests that clitoral tissue extends into the anterior wall of the vagina. the main researcher of the studies, australian urologist helen o'connell, asserts that this interconnected relationship is the physiological explanation for the conjectured g-spot and experience of vaginal orgasms, taking into account the stimulation of the internal parts of the clitoris during vaginal penetration. while using mri technology, o'connell noted a direct relationship between the legs or roots of the clitoris and the erectile tissue of the "clitoral bulbs" and corpora, and the distal urethra and vagina. "the vaginal wall is, in fact, the clitoris," said o'connell. "if you lift the skin off the vagina on the side walls, you get the bulbs of the clitoris – triangular, crescental masses of erectile tissue." o'connell et al., who performed dissections on the female genitals of cadavers and used photography to map the structure of nerves in the clitoris, were already aware that the clitoris is more than just its glans and asserted in 1998 that there is more erectile tissue associated with the clitoris than is generally described in anatomical textbooks. they concluded that some females have more extensive clitoral tissues and nerves than others, especially having observed this in young cadavers as compared to elderly ones, and therefore whereas the majority of females can only achieve orgasm by direct stimulation of the external parts of the clitoris, the stimulation of the more generalized tissues of the clitoris via intercourse may be sufficient for others. french researchers odile buisson and pierre foldès reported similar findings to those of o'connell's. in 2008, they published the first complete 3d sonography of the stimulated clitoris, and republished it in 2009 with new research, demonstrating the ways in which erectile tissue of the clitoris engorges and surrounds the vagina. on the basis of this research, they argued that women may be able to achieve vaginal orgasm via stimulation of the g-spot because the highly innervated clitoris is pulled closely to the anterior wall of the vagina when the woman is sexually aroused and during vaginal penetration. they assert that since the front wall of the vagina is inextricably linked with the internal parts of the clitoris, stimulating the vagina without activating the clitoris may be next to impossible. in their 2009 published study, the "coronal planes during perineal contraction and finger penetration demonstrated a close relationship between the root of the clitoris and the anterior vaginal wall". buisson and foldès suggested "that the special sensitivity of the lower anterior vaginal wall could be explained by pressure and movement of clitoris's root during a vaginal penetration and subsequent perineal contraction". female prostate