starting play on the weekend of 24 october and the pac-12 on the weekend of 7 november. in august, the ncaa announced that the division ii and division iii presidents councils decided to cancel national championships in all fall sports. in september, it was announced that 2020 division i championships administered by ncaa in fall sports (cross country, field hockey, football soccer, women's volleyball and men's water polo) would be rescheduled to spring 2021, and conducted with a 25% reduction in championship participants. matches played in fall or spring would count toward qualification. the football bowl subdivision was not included as it is not an ncaa-administered championship. in december, the ncaa announced that 2021 division ii championship events in winter and spring sports would also have a 25% overall reduction in participants (individual sports varied from 17 to 34% based on logistics) to mitigate costs of testing and health protocols, as well as lost income. programs located in the state of new mexico and in santa clara county, california had to relocate practices and games because of legislative bans on any competitive sport requiring physical contact. at the university of new mexico, the football team moved its first two home games to the sites of their opponents and the last two to sam boyd stadium in whitney, nevada, in clark county near las vegas; while the men's basketball team moved to lubbock, texas and played home games at lubbock christian university. new mexico state moved its men's basketball program to phoenix, arizona and used arizona christian university as its home court. san jose state university's football team played its regular-season finale and championship game at sam boyd, while the men's basketball team played home games at kaiser permanente arena in santa cruz. the same venue hosted early-season home games of the stanford university and santa clara university men's basketball teams. long-term effects the financial fallout from the pandemic was specifically cited by the following schools in their decisions to drop certain sports programs: effective in 2020–21 university of akron – men's cross country, men's golf, women's tennis university of alabama in huntsville (uah) – men's and women's tennis, men's ice hockey appalachian state university – men's indoor track & field, men's soccer, men's tennis boise state university – baseball, women's swimming & diving central michigan university – men's indoor and outdoor track & field chicago state university – baseball university of cincinnati – men's soccer dartmouth college – men's and women's golf and men's and women's swimming & diving, as well as the non-ncaa sport of men's lightweight rowing. east carolina university – men's and women's swimming & diving, men's and women's tennis florida institute of technology – football furman university – baseball, men's lacrosse university of wisconsin–green bay (green bay) – men's and women's tennis hampton university – men's and women's golf lincoln university (missouri) – bowling university of northern colorado – men's and women's tennis old dominion university – men's wrestling st. edward's university – men's and women's golf, men's and women's tennis, men's soccer. cheerleading, which had been a recognized varsity sport though not under ncaa governance, was downgraded to a club sport under the umbrella of the university's recreation department. seattle pacific university – women's gymnastics sonoma state university – men's and women's tennis, women's water polo southern utah university – men's and women's tennis winthrop university – men's and women's tennis wright state university – softball, men's and women's tennis effective in 2021–22 university of alaska anchorage – women's gymnastics, men's ice hockey, skiing clemson university – men's cross country, men's indoor and outdoor track & field california state university, fresno (fresno state) – women's lacrosse, men's tennis, men's wrestling george washington university – ncaa-sanctioned sports dropped were men's tennis, men's indoor track and field, and women's water polo. non-ncaa varsity sports dropped were men's rowing, coed sailing, and men's and women's squash. university of iowa – men's gymnastics, men's and women's swimming & diving, men's tennis la salle university – baseball, softball, men's swimming & diving, men's and women's tennis, women's volleyball, men's water polo michigan state university – men's and women's swimming & diving university of minnesota – men's gymnastics, men's tennis, men's indoor track & field san diego state university – women's rowing stanford university – ncaa-sanctioned sports dropped were fencing, field hockey, men's volleyball, and wrestling. non-ncaa varsity sports dropped were lightweight rowing, men's rowing, coed and women's sailing, squash, and synchronized swimming. university of connecticut (uconn) – men's cross country, women's rowing, men's swimming & diving, men's tennis additionally, the new york institute of technology suspended its entire athletic program for two seasons, after which it will reconsider the decision. similarly, the university of arkansas at pine bluff announced that it was "suspending" its men's and women's tennis teams for the 2020–21 school year, citing the pandemic, but did not officially eliminate the tennis program. uah initially dropped men's ice hockey alongside both of its tennis teams, but a successful fundraising drive by alumni and team supporters led the school to reinstate hockey a week later. similarly, bowling green state university announced that it would drop its baseball team, but also had a successful fundraising effort that led to the team being reinstated. the university of minnesota, which had announced plans to drop four men's sports effective in 2021–22, announced that one of these sports, namely outdoor track & field, would be spared discontinuation, pending a further review of the school's sports offerings in spring 2021. the most extensive rollback of plans to drop sports came at the college of william & mary. in early september 2020, w&m announced it would drop seven sports effective in 2021–22—men's and women's gymnastics, men's and women's swimming & diving, men's indoor and outdoor track & field, and women's volleyball. the fallout from this move led the school's athletic director to resign a month after this announcement. w&m eventually reversed course completely, restoring the three women's sports on 19 october and announcing on 5 november that the four men's sports would continue to be sponsored through at least 2021–22. macmurray college, notre dame de namur university, and urbana university announced that they would wind down operations and close due to economic issues brought upon or exacerbated by the pandemic—effectively ending the entirety of their athletics programs. in august 2020, officials at the university of california, riverside, a division i member, publicly announced that shutting down the school's entire athletic program was one possible option to address pandemic-related financial challenges. as of mid-october, no decision on the program's future had yet been reached. alpine skiing the 2019–20 fis alpine ski world cup ended two weeks earlier after world cup races in sweden, slovenia, and italy scheduled for march were canceled. an earlier february world cup race was moved from china to austria. the 2020–21 fis alpine ski world cup also saw a number of races in january rescheduled from wengen to kitzbühel to flachau. archery the opening three stages of the 2020 archery world cup were postponed. other events postponed include the pan american archery championships, which were scheduled to be held in monterrey, mexico, from 23 to 29 march, and the european para-archery championships, which were scheduled to be held in olbia, italy, from 18 to 26 april. on 15 july it was announced that the 2020 archery world cup would be cancelled. athletics the 2020 world athletics indoor championships were scheduled to be held from 13 to 15 march in nanjing, china, but were postponed until march 2021. the 2020 world athletics half marathon championships was scheduled to be held on 29 march in gdynia, poland, but was postponed until october 2020. the first three events of the 2020 diamond league, scheduled to be held in qatar in april, followed by two events in china in may, were postponed until later in the year. on 12 may, a revised schedule was issued, but no points will be awarded for the events. the 2020 boston marathon, originally scheduled for 20 april, was postponed until 14 september before being canceled completely on 28 may. on 28 october, organisers announced that the 2021 boston marathon would not be held on patriots day (19 april) as usual, to be rescheduled to sometime in the fall. organisers cited an ongoing ban on road races in massachusetts. the race was finally held on 11 october, another fedearal holiday, columbus day. the race returned to its original date in 2022. the 2020 london marathon, scheduled to take place on 26 april, was postponed until 4 october and was restricted to elites only. the london marathon eventually made a permanent move from april to october. the 2020 berlin marathon was prohibited from being held on its originally scheduled dates. it would be cancelled on 24 june. the 2020 new york city marathon was cancelled. the 2020 tokyo marathon was restricted to elite competitors only. the 2021 tokyo marathon was postponed to 2022, and the 2022 tokyo marathon was cancelled. the 2020 chicago marathon was cancelled. the 2020 rome marathon was cancelled, as was the toronto waterfront marathon. the 2020 grandma's marathon, scheduled for 20 june, was canceled by the organizers more than 50 days before it was to begin. they announced on 31 march that the marathon, the half-marathon, and the 5k would all be canceled. two of the standard chartered 2020 marathon series, hong kong marathon and kuala lumpur marathon was cancelled by the organizer over uncertainty of the covid-19 outbreak. both the 2020 and 2021 editions of the big sur international marathon were cancelled. on 2 november 2020, organisers moved the 2021 publix atlanta marathon (typically held inside fulton county with a primary emphasis of centennial olympic park) 50 km south to the 840 acre atlanta motor speedway in hampton, georgia (henry county) where it was held on access roads and campgrounds, finishing inside the speedway oval. the 2020 two oceans marathon, scheduled for 8–11 april, has been cancelled. the 2021 edition was also cancelled. the 2020 and 2021 comrades marathons were cancelled. the atlanta track club originally moved the peachtree road race from 4 july to 26 november, but the race was cancelled on 19 august 2020. organisers then moved the pnc atlanta 10 miler, typically held in atlantic station, to michelin raceway in hall county, a motorsport closed circuit within a 100 km radius of atlanta. the race was renamed the pnc atlanta 10 miler: extreme hills edition and run exclusively on the road course, pit lane, and driving school courses. the 2020 three peaks race, originally scheduled for 25 april, has been postponed to 26 september. australian rules football at the conclusion of its first round of games (played from 19 to 22 march), the 2020 afl season was suspended until 11 june, while the finals series of the 2020 afl women's season was cancelled after its semi-finals were played, with no premiership awarded. both the afl women's semi-finals and the first round of the afl season were played in empty stadiums. the 2020 australian football international cup, scheduled to be held between 21 july–8 august on the sunshine coast, was at first postponed until 2021 and then cancelled altogether. the annual australian football hall of fame induction event was instead held over four nights as a series of television shows with pre-recorded vision and interviews with the inductees. the afl women's best and fairest awards were also changed to be a television only event, with the players being live streamed from their homes. at levels below the fully professional afl, most leagues either cancelled their entire season or significantly delayed their start. player payments were cut to zero in the south australian national football league. the 2020 afl season later resumed; however, many games, particularly in the early rounds, were played without crowds (or significantly restricted crowds). the league also reduced playing time by 20%, to four 16-minute quarters instead of 20-minute quarters. other smaller changes have also been added due to the pandemic. on 28 june, officials in the state of queensland announced a travel ban to and from the state of victoria. the afl then relocated all games scheduled for victoria to other states for that week and the following week. then, on 15 july, the afl announced that all teams