based on the str markers of samples from there in the yhrd database indicates 7.0% (n=16) of 230 samples in the tyrol and none of 66 samples from vienna and 1.5% (n=1) at graz are g using the athey haplogroup predictor. several additional samples are borderline for being g. belgium a 2010 study of dna project oud-hertgodom brabant found that 3.6% of 893 samples were haplogroup g2a among those with eastern belgian ancestry. in that same year a study of 477 brabant men found the following g percentages in these locations: north brabant 3.1%, antwerp 2.8%, campine 2.6%, mechelen 4.8% and flemish brabant 3.7%. belarus in a 2010 study of men from "belarus," less than 1% of 196 samples was haplogroup g. a 2005 study had found that 1.5% of 68 belarusians were g. bosnia and herzegovina among 81 serbs in bosnia, 1.2% were found to be g2a (p15+), and among 90 croats in bosnia none were g. and in this same study among 84 bosnians 3.6% were g2a (p15+). in none of these groups was any g2a3a (m406+) found. in another study among 69 samples in bosnia, 4.4% were g, and according to serbian dna project in herzegovina is high point of g2a haplogroup. . bulgaria in the big sample of 808 bulgarians of karachanak 4.6% are g2a croatia among 89 samples taken in croatia in a 2009 study, 1.1% were g2a (p15+). in this same study, 29 samples were taken separately in the far eastern city of osijek, and 13.8% were g2a (p15+). the g2a samples were also tested for g2a3a (m406), and none was found. in another study from 2005, among 108 samples from 5 croatian mainland locations, 0.9% were g. in yet another study from 2003, among 99 samples on the croatian mainland, less than 1% were g. on the island of krk, among 74 samples, none were g; on the island of brač 6% of 49 samples were g; on the island of korčula, 10.4% of 134 samples were g; and 1.1% of 91 samples on the island of hvar were g. in a 2009 study of roma bayash men in croatia, 10% of 96 men at baranja in the east were g, but none of 55 men at medjimurje in the north were g. czech republic among 257 samples from the czech republic, 5.1% were g and were overwhelmingly g2a (p15+). in another study, among 75 samples from czechs, 4.0% were g2a (p15+). none of these was g2a3a (m406+) denmark a survey of the general population of denmark based on testing of snps is lacking, but an approximation based on the str markers of 247 samples from there in the yhrd database indicates 1.2% (n=3) are g using the athey haplogroup predictor. there are several additional samples that might be g. estonia a survey of the general population of estonia based on testing of snps is lacking, but an approximation based on the str markers of 133 samples from tartu in the yhrd database indicates none are g using the athey haplogroup predictor. several additional samples are borderline for being g. finland a study found 5% of 40 samples from ostrobothnia (osterbotten) in finland were g. a survey of the general population of finland based on testing of snps is lacking, but an approximation based on the str markers of 399 samples from there in the yhrd database indicates 0.5% (n=2) are g using the athey haplogroup predictor. france in a 2003 study, in 23 samples taken somewhere in france (2003), 0% were g, but 11.8% of 34 samples on the island of corsica were g. a 2011 study found that among 51 men in provence southeastern france, 8% were g with none g2a3a (m406+) an approximation method based on use of str markers from 109 samples from paris in the yhrd database indicates 1.8% (n=2) are g using the athey haplogroup predictor. and in 99 similar samples from strasbourg in the far northeast, 4% (n=4) are g. a 2006 study of the finistère area at the tip of brittany in western france, less than 1.2% of men were g and were found only in the port towns. germany a survey of the general population of germany based on testing of snps is lacking, but an approximation method based on str markers in samples in the yhrd database using the athey haplogroup predictor indicates the following g percentages among samples from these german cities: (a) freiburg in the southwest, 433 samples of which 4.4% (n=19) are g; (b) munich in the southeast, 281 samples of which 5.3% (n=15) are g; (c) chemnitz in the northeast. 820 samples of which 3.8% (n=31) are g. greece in 76 samples taken somewhere in greece (2003), 2.6% were g. in 77 samples taken somewhere in greece (2007), 9.1% were g. in another study (2009) 3.3% of 92 greek samples were g. this 3.3% was composed of 1.1% g2a3a (m406+) and the remainder other types of g2a. in a 2011 study, among 57 men at nea nikomedeia 4% were g with none g2a3a (m406+) and among 57 at sesklo/dimini 4% were g2a3a and additional unspecified g men were 2%. and on the peloponnese, of 57 men in the area of lerna/franchtihi cave, 4% were g2a3a and 2% other g. among 193 samples (2008) taken on the island of crete, 10.9% were g. among 57 samples taken on the peloponnese, 5.3% were g. and at several mainland greek sites, 4.4% were g. another study that focused on crete (2007), found 7.7% of 104 samples in the central part of the island were g, and that 6.3% of 64 samples on the eastern end were g. greenland a survey of the general population of greenland based on testing of snps is lacking, but an approximation based on the str markers of 342 samples from there in the yhrd database indicates none are g using the athey haplogroup predictor. hungary in 100 samples taken in hungary, 3.0% were found to g, and all were g2a (p15+). in another study, among 53 samples from hungary, 1.9% were g2a (p15+). none of these were g2a3a (m406+) in a 2008 study of 215 hungarians, g2a (p15+) was found in 4%, and found also in 2% of hungarian roma. no g1 reported. iceland a survey of the general population of iceland based on testing of snps is lacking, but an approximation based on the str markers of 100 samples from there in the yhrd database indicates none are g using the athey haplogroup predictor. ireland among 796 samples taken in all areas of ireland, none were g. the actual figure in the population is certainly not zero because there are dozens of samples from irish ancestry persons in various databases. italy in a large 2007 study of 11 regions of peninsular italy and elba, 10.7% of 699 samples were g. the authors did not sample the northwestern milan area and the high mountains of the central north. the val badia samples in the far northeast of italy had an atypical low 3% of 34 samples. the other areas all ranged 7% to 15% g. elba had 11% of 95 samples as g. a 2003 study of italy had found 11.8% of 51 samples in sicily; 8.1% of 37 samples in calabria; 14.1% of 78 samples in sardinia; and 10% of 50 samples in north central italy were g. in another 202 samples taken in sardinia 13.9% were g. the authors noted the percentage at the sampled sites in the north of the island were 10.4% g, in the central-eastern area 11.1% but only 6.5% in the southwestern area. and another sardinian study of 930 males found 12.6% as g. among a subgroup of these 930 where geographical information was available, the percentage on the southeastern coast was 13.9%; on the northeastern coast 20.9% and 13.9% in the inland central area. this study indicated an unusual percentage of g men there with str marker value of 23 at dys390—a percentage not seen in continental europe where the 23 value is uncommon. in another sardinian study confined to towns in the northern sector of the island, 14% of 100 samples were all found to be g2a (p15+) based only on a probability calculation. the g2 category as represented by p15 became g2a in the period in which this study was conducted. the men were predicted just "g2" in the study. but p15 (now g2a) was probably the intended category. a study that sampled only northeastern italy found 11.3% g2a (p15+) among 67 samples. none of these were g2a3a (m406+). a study that focused on the northeastern coast of italy south of venice, found among 163 samples that 8.6% were g. a study that concentrated on 19 upland areas in the marches region of central italy found 7.4% g among 162 samples. a study that concentrated on sicily found among 236 samples 5.9% were g. this 5.9% figure was divided into 5.5% g2a (p15+) and the remainder other types of g. there were notable high g2a percentages in caccamo (25% of 16 samples), in troina (13.3% of 30 samples) and in sciacca (10.7% of 27 samples). a 2011 study found 10% of 40 albanian-speaking arbëreshë men in calabria, italy were g. kosovo among 113 samples taken among albanians in kosovo, none were g. latvia a survey of the general population of latvia based on testing of snps is lacking, but an approximation based on the str markers of 145 samples from riga in the yhrd database indicates none are definitively g using the athey haplogroup predictor. several samples are possibly g. lithuania a survey of the general population of lithuania based on testing of snps is lacking, but an approximation based on the str markers of 157 samples from vilnius in the yhrd database indicates 1.3% (n=2) are g using the athey haplogroup predictor. one additional sample is borderline for being g. north macedonia in a general study of north macedonia, 5.1% of 79 samples were g. this study also found among 57 romani in north macedonia none were g. another study sampled albanians in north macedonia, 1.6% of 64 samples were g2a (p15+) but not g2a3a (m406+). malta in 187 samples taken in malta, 8% were g. moldova in 89 samples taken among the turkic-speaking gagauzes of southern moldova 13.5% were g. netherlands a survey of the general population of the netherlands based on testing of snps is lacking, but an approximation based on the str markers of 211 samples from there in the yhrd database indicates 4.3% (n=9) are g using the athey haplogroup predictor. norway a survey of the general population of norway based on testing of snps is lacking, but an approximation based on the str markers of 230 samples from there in the yhrd database indicates 1.3% (n=3) are g using the athey haplogroup predictor. several additional samples are borderline for being g. poland among 99 samples taken in poland, 0% were found to be g. additional information is available in the form of approximations based on the polish str-marker samples in the yhrd database. the g samples were identified using the athey haplogroup predictor. among 182 samples taken in the general population at białystok in the northeast, 0.5% (n=1) were g. at this same locale among belarusians 0.6% (n=1) of 157 samples were g; among 129 old believers none were g; among 124 tatars 0.8% (n=1) were g. in the northwest at szczecin among 105 samples 1% (n=1) was g. in the south at krakow among 207 samples, 0.5% (n=1) were g. in the southeast at lublin among 246 samples, 0.5% (n=1) were g. portugal in 60 samples taken in northern portugal in a 2008 study, 12% were found to be g, and 9% of 78 samples in the south of the country were g in a 2008 study. in a 2004 study, among 109 samples taken in northern portugal, 7.3% were g. in a 2005 study, 5.5% of 657 portuguese men at 18 locations were g. the highest percentage was recorded in évora in the east central area (29 samples), and at the other extreme none found at viseu (30 samples) and beja (8 samples), north and south respectively of the other town. in a 2005 portuguese study that also