xanthoma disseminatum xanthoma disseminatum xanthoma disseminatum is a rare cutaneous condition that preferentially affects males in childhood, characterized by the insidious onset of small, yellow-red to brown papules and nodules that are discrete and disseminated.: 717 xanthoma disseminatumother namesdisseminated xanthosiderohistiocytosis and montgomery syndromespecialtyendocrinology it is a histiocytosis syndrome.