Teacher:In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: THE preserved, clotted blood of early saints of the Roman Catholic Church liquefies on certain ceremonial occasions, drawing crowds of faithful pilgrims eager to witness the miraculous phenomenon. But a team of Italian scientists has conducted experiments showing that medieval chemists could easily have created imitation blood that would do the same thing. 
  
 In a report published by the British journal Nature, a group headed by Dr. Luigi Garlaschelli, a chemist at the University of Pavia, says that blood liquefaction can be explained in terms of a phenomenon called thixatropy. Certain substances, including some types of mayonnaise, are normally thick gels, but can be liquefied instantly by shaking or stirring. Part of the ritual of checking the miraculous blood of Saint Januarius, observed every few months in Naples, for example, involves inverting the blood's reliquary container. This simple act is enough to liquefy certain thixotropic gels, the authors note. Left to stand, such liquids soon revert to gels. 
  
 The Italian team prepared one type of imitation blood using a solution of ferric chloride and calcium carbonate. Another successful experiment involved extraction of material from animal gut, and subsequent treatment with iron oxide and sodium chloride. In these and other experiments, the scientists said, they produced a brownish material that clotted when left alone but was easily liquefied each time it was gently moved. 
  
 Is the famous liquefying blood of Saint Januarius a fake? 
  
 "The chemical nature of the Naples relic can be established only by opening the vial, but a complete analysis is forbidden by the Catholic Church," the scientists said. "Our replication of the phenomenon seems to render this sacrifice unnecessary." ||||| The blood of a martyred bishop failed to turn from solid to liquid after being shaken. Are we doomed? ||||| .- Prayer was the response to a rare failure of a saint’s blood to liquefy in Naples, an occurrence some believe to portend misfortune. 
  
 “We must not think of disasters and calamities. We are men of faith and we must pray,” said Monsignor Vincenzo De Gregorio, the Abbot of the Chapel of the Treasure of San Gennaro, ANSA reports. 
  
 The blood belongs to St. Januarius, Patron of Naples and former bishop and martyr of the city. 
  
 Known in Italian as San Gennaro, his bones and a reliquary of his blood are preserved in Naples’ cathedral. He is believed to have been martyred during the infamous persecution of Christians during the rule of the Roman emperor Diocletian, who retired in 305. 
  
 The reputed miracle is locally known and accepted, though has not been the subject of official Church recognition. The liquefaction is believed to happen at least three times a year: the Saturday before the first Sunday of May, Sept. 19, which is the saint's feast day, and Dec. 16, the anniversary of the 1631 eruption of the Mount Vesuvius volcano. 
  
 During the miracle, the dried, red-colored mass confined to one side of the reliquary becomes blood that covers the entire glass. In local lore, the failure of the blood to liquefy signals war, famine, disease or other disaster. 
  
 The blood did indeed liquefy on Sept. 19, 2016. 
  
 Historically, the vial has sometimes changed upon the visit of a Pope. 
  
 On March 21, 2015, Pope Francis met with priests, religious and seminarians at the cathedral and gave a blessing with the relic. 
  
 Cardinal Crescenzio Sepe of Naples then received the vial back from the Pope and noted that the blood was still solid on one side of the vial. 
  
 The cardinal remarked: “It seems that St. Januarius loves the Pope, because the blood is already half liquefied.” 
  
 Pope Francis quipped in response: “you can see that the saint only loves us a little. We have to convert more.” 
  
 The last time blood liquefied in the presence of a Pope was in 1848 when Pius IX visited. The phenomenon didn’t happen when St. John Paul II visited the city in October 1979, or when Benedict XVI visited in October 2007. |||||
Student:
And you thought 2016 was a rough year. Humanity is apparently in for a disaster equal to World War II or a cholera epidemic, based on an ancient vial of blood. According to legend, a woman collected the blood of Saint Januarius, or San Gennaro—the once pious bishop of Naples who was beheaded as Christianity was under attack around AD 305—and preserved it in a glass vial, reports Seeker. Then a "blood miracle" in 1389: the congealed blood liquefied. The archbishop of Naples now performs this "blood miracle," shaking the vial in front of thousands until the blood liquefies, on three significant days each year, the most recent of which should have been Dec. 16. (Mount Vesuvius erupted on that day in 1631, and Naples was said to have been protected by the saint.) And yet last week, it didn't. One website claims that when the blood miracle—which is "not quite sanctioned by the Catholic Church," per the Week—has failed to work, 22 epidemics, 19 earthquakes, four wars, and various other tragedies have followed. When the blood last failed to liquefy in 1980, an earthquake struck 30 miles from Naples, killing 2,400 people. The blood also remained congealed in 1939, the year World War II began. But "we must not think of calamities," says the local abbot, per the Catholic News Agency. "We are men of faith and we must pray." As for what men of science think, the New York Times in 1991 reported on a study that suggested medieval chemists could have created artificial blood that would liquefy upon shaking. The scientists noted the church wouldn't allow the vial to be opened and analyzed. (The blood partially liquefied for Pope Francis.)