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In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.

“This is a Standard Modernus Bowl, [and] I think a Standard Ejecto Tank,” says a youthful, disembodied voice. “Original handle. It looks like it might have been repaired, though. I had to push it pretty hard to flush it. Here we go. That’s a very good flush.” 
  
 This commentary comes from the most popular YouTube video of toiletfan1, who has a channel solely dedicated to toilets. Describing it as one of his favorites, this specimen is located in the women’s room of the Brick Dwelling at the Hancock Shaker Village in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. It is but one of many latrines lovingly cataloged by toiletfan1 and his parents, who have been documenting toilets and urinals across the U.S. for the past three and a half years. To date, they have amassed a total of 4,514 YouTube clips. 
  
 Uploaded By: toiletfan1 
  
 And they’re not alone. While toiletfan1’s channel is among the most visited, he’s just one of a group of toilet enthusiasts who spend their spare time sharing videos and pictures of bowls, cisterns and urinals. A few of the major players include ILoveVintageToilets, who as the name suggests, specializes in older models; the prolific Liam Brom; and Toilet Explorer, a flush-obsessed veteran of the scene. Between them, they have spent years studying toilets and are responsible for tens of thousands of videos and pictures floating around online. And though, to the outside observer, this borderline-obsessive attention might seem like a fetish, they claim it isn’t. At least, not in the regular sense. 
  
 “The fetishist is very self-centered, very narrow and fairly shallow. They just want to get off by looking at this,” says Bob Cromwell, moderator of website Toilet Guru. “For the enthusiast, it’s a mental thing not a sexual thing. I’m interested in this as it relates to history, as a part of culture, as a part of technology.” 
  
 Cromwell documents a toilet Lady Gaga allegedly used in her early days, at Johnson's Bar in New York. Bob Cromwell 
  
 Described as the Indiana Jones and Ansel Adams of toilets, Cromwell has been taking photos of commodes in far-flung places since the ’90s. His site started out as a resource for travel tips, but included a few images of odd plumbing from around the world—which he’d initially posted as a joke. He noticed that visitors to his page were clicking on these photographs, and it soon became apparent he should switch focus. 
  
 “Looking back, it makes sense, because if you want to look at a picture of London there are a million places to find them. This is something that’s just, you know, strange,” he says. “There’s nothing too weird that you can’t find it somewhere on the net—some obsessive dedication to it or obsessive cataloguing.” 
  
 Dwight Eisenhower’s plush, presidential potty. Bob Cromwell 
  
 He now spends much of his free time taking photos of toilets, usually when he is abroad for his work as a systems analyst. During these scouting missions, he is on the lookout for something unusual or culturally specific. More often than not, he finds something illuminating—a habit or practice distinct from his own experience, such as squat toilets. 
  
 “You say, ‘Oh, they’re a bunch of savages. Their plumbing is completely different to ours.’ Well, maybe they are, but maybe we’re the savages,” he says. “A lot of people look at toilet paper as a filthy approximation that doesn’t get you clean. Actually sitting on the seat that everybody else sits on? A lot of countries think, for very good reason, that that’s a horrible idea.” 
  
 "If you are interested in the fetish aspect or urination, there are much better places to go. This is strictly porcelain, as it were." 
  
 Other times he focuses on a toilet’s historical relevance, like the time he photographed a lavatory on a tour through Dwight Eisenhower’s house. Though it started out as a joke, Cromwell now sees such toilets as a portal to other worlds and times, and considers them the ultimate common denominator. 
  
 “It’s like the children’s book, Everyone Poops. There’s nobody who doesn’t need some form of this,” he says. “Everybody does, multiple times a day. But most of us try very hard to pretend that’s not the case. You don’t talk about it. You’re not supposed to talk about it. …It’s kind of this taboo thing.” 
  
 The urinals at Malaysia's Toy Museum don't disappoint. Urinal.net 
  
 It’s a philosophy familiar to Joe U. Rinator, co-moderator of Urinal.net, the world’s premier urinal-specific site. He and his business partner (who shares the same tongue-in-cheek pseudonym) started it in 2000, following a road trip through Europe, where they came across unfamiliar pissoirs. Like Cromwell, they started posting photos for a laugh, but it soon took on a more serious tone. They are also eager to separate themselves from fetishists. 
  
 “Frankly, I don’t really have any interest in looking at pictures of people using urinals,” he says. “It is intended to be a depiction of clean urinals, not in use. We’re not attempting to touch that part of the world. Certainly, there’s nothing preventing people from looking at them for that reason and I’m sure that happens plenty, but if you are interested in the fetish aspect or urination, there are much better places to go. This is strictly porcelain, as it were.” 
  
 Joe U. Rinator is partial to a urinal with a view, like this submission sent in from Chongqing, China. Urinal.net 
  
 U. Rinator’s site relies largely on images sent in by urinal watchers from around the globe. They have, on average, 500 visitors every day and receive anywhere between 12 and 20 submissions each month. There are so many that they built a geo-tagged map so fans can more easily navigate the 3,721 individual locations, covering everywhere from Kazakhstan to Namibia. 
  
 When asked why he does it, U. Rinator also expresses an interest in the cultural differences that can be gleaned from our toilet habits. However, he has a clear bias that sets him apart from many other toilet enthusiasts—namely that he keeps it strictly urinal. 
  
 “Once you’re focusing on something as prevalent as a toilet, I mean, everybody’s got one,” he says. “It’s just such a different world, and frankly something that I haven’t had any interest in.” ||||| Starting in 1996, Alexa Internet has been donating their crawl data to the Internet Archive. Flowing in every day, these data are added to the Wayback Machine after an embargo period. 
  
 Starting in 1996, Alexa Internet has been donating their crawl data to the Internet Archive. Flowing in every day, these data are added to the Wayback Machine after an embargo period. 
  
 Who is the Toilet Guru? 
  
 Who is this so-called guru? 
  
 I am Bob Cromwell, my main site is here. This part of my site spun off into its own domain in 2010. My original site can now be just on travel, Linux and other technology, and other non-plumbing topics I find interesting. 
  
 What makes me a guru? 
  
 It's purely a self-appointed title. There is no sanctioning body. 
  
 Am I obsessed with toilets? 
  
 No! I'm just willing to admit that I find the topic somewhat interesting. I've taken lots of other travel pictures. When you travel off the beaten path, it doesn't take long until the question comes up. "Well, you know, how did you, well, when you had to, well, uh, what was it like?" So here are pictures I have taken of toilets I have encountered. 
  
 And hey, I'm not the person reading this page, probably after doing some sort of web search for toilets! Why are you reading this? 
  
 A web server logs the referer, the page on which the user clicked a link to come to the requested page. For search engines, the URL of the search result page includes the search that was performed. Once in a while I pull out the queries and process that list to find the current interests. There is always curiousity about whether toilet paper will be available or just water, and then where to put the used toilet paper when you're done. And curiousity about other people's toilet habits or rules, be they Islamic, Chinese, French or whatever. Some nervous travelers are researching the availability of toilets on buses and trains. Plus more general or basic questions, such as what is a bidet, or why there are no toilet seats in many European countries, or how to sit on an English commode. The last of those seems rather obvious but it is a continuing theme. 
  
 I regularly get messages from people saying "I have spent the last four hour reading about toilets on your web site, and I would like to know why you are so obsessed." 
  
 Excuse me? You just spent how long reading about toilets? And you think I am fixated on the topic? 
  
 What is it like to be a toilet guru? 
  
 In 2014 I did some Linux consulting for Merrill Lynch at their large facility outside Trenton, New Jersey. I had most of one afternoon free, and in the year leading up to that I had received messages from several people telling me that I should track down Adolf Hitler's toilet which was in an auto repair shop in a nearby small town. The German state yacht was scrapped in New Jersey after World War II. It was partially disassembled and various portholes, teak decking, and internal fixtures including at least one toilet and sink were sold to area residents. The toilet and sink were installed in a local garage. 
  
 It was interesting to see, not that it was very unusual on its own but it certainly was an unexpected place to find such a connection to history. But the most interesting thing was talking to the guy who came to own Hitler's toilet by accident. He simply purchased a garage when its owner was retiring, the relic came with the building. 
  
 He likes working on cars, that's what he does and he's good at it. People from all around the world come to his garage to see the toilet, and that mostly just amuses him. There are surplus parts from Hitler's yacht all around the small town, why do people come from Japan, Europe, Australia, and elsewhere to see the toilet? 
  
 A U.K. television show flew him and the toilet and sink to London. Free airfare, free shipping for the fixtures, and a week in a hotel in London. It wasn't until then that he realized that it had never been properly bolted down, it was simply cemented to the floor. 
  
 The television show hosts obsessed about this, asking why he hadn't properly bolted it down. It was that way when he bought the garage, and it worked, so there was no reason to pay any further attention to it. Then they demanded an explanation for why, if it was working, had he removed it and ultimated needed to replace it with a modern fixture. This question was from the very people who had invited him on the free week in London if he unfastened it and brought it along. 
  
 This was all very familiar to me. 
  
 I have a silly web site on which I make a little ad revenue. Someone else comes along and spends hours looking at the pictures and reading the text. Maybe they're a reporter for the BBC or a major newspaper in the U.S. or U.K., and they decide this is an appropriate topic for a detailed article. They then immediately demand that I explain why I am obsessed with the topics. 
  
 I have been described by Yahoo as: ||||| Are you wondering how to use a bidet , or even what a bidet is? Curious about what the toilets are like in other countries? Toilets from ancient history ? Do you wonder who invented the flush toilet ? (It wasn't Thomas Crapper !) You've come to the right place! 
  
 About 95 pounds of gold and 6,600 pounds of silver pass through Switzerland's wastewater stream every year. Swiss refineries handle 70% of the world's gold production, A fraction of that makes its way into the sewers. The gold and silver certainly get our attention as they are classic precious metals. The amounts in national sewage add up to values of about 1.5 million Swiss Francs worth of each (or about 2 million US$ each). Several valuable rare earth metals and other trace elements appear in significant amounts, by-products 
  
 Privacy and Power 
  
 The Throne Behind the Power 
  
 Attitudes about privacy have changed through the centuries, with much of that change coming very recently when most of the western world has become prosperous enough to afford it. National rulers and others wielding great power play by a different set of rules. This includes not caring about privacy while using the toilet. This goes back to the Bronze Age and continued through medieval times, but recent leaders such as U.S. President Lyndon Johnson have practiced Bronze-Age-style toilet habits. 
  
 The one theme constant from Old Testament times to today is that one of the privileges of great power or high social station is the lack of concern for privacy. It wasn't so much about privacy as it was about power and privilege. 
  
 Actions or situations that might be distasteful or embarrassing for commoners were not to those in power. Royalty and nobility could behave however they pleased. 
  
 This same "open toilet policy" for aides and emissaries continued at least as late as the 1963-1969 administration of the U.S. president Lyndon Baines Johnson. 
  
 Read more about power and privacy » |||||
Output:
There are hobbies like collecting baseball cards and knitting, and then there's toiletfan1, who spends his spare time, with his parents, taking videos of America's toilets and urinals. And plenty of them: some 4,514 to date, posted to YouTube. And while toiletfan1 may have been remarkably prolific over the past 3.5 years, he's not the only one on a toilet-minded quest. Vocativ takes a look at the world of "toilet enthusiasts," who geek out over their shared photos and videos of America's latrines. Among them: the Toilet Explorer and Urinal.net moderator Joe U. Rinator, whose site features images of urinals in 3,721 locations. Those in the scene would rather you brand them as archaeologists than fetishists. As Bob Cromwell, moderator of website Toilet Guru explains, the latter "just want to get off by looking at this. For the enthusiast, it’s a mental thing not a sexual thing. I'm interested in this as it relates to history, as a part of culture, as a part of technology." (Cromwell has a history of his own: He's taken photos of toilets around the globe since the '90s and writes on his site that he was once described by Yahoo as "the Indiana Jones (and Ansel Adams) of latrines.") And as for the fetish aspect, U. Rinator agrees. "Frankly, I don't really have any interest in looking at pictures of people using urinals. If you are interested in the fetish aspect or urination, there are much better places to go. This is strictly porcelain, as it were." (Click to read about a Texas town that plans to recycle toilet water ... for drinking.)