Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.

Colonel Petrov attributed his judgment to both his training and his intuition. He had been told that a nuclear first strike by the Americans would come in the form of an overwhelming onslaught. 
  
 “When people start a war, they don’t start it with only five missiles,” he told The Post. 
  
 Moreover, Soviet ground-based radar installations — which search for missiles rising above the horizon — did not detect an attack, although they would not have done so for several minutes after launch. 
  
 Colonel Petrov was at first praised for his calm, but in an investigation that followed, he was asked why he had failed to record everything in his logbook. “Because I had a phone in one hand and the intercom in the other, and I don’t have a third hand,” he replied. 
  
 He received a reprimand. 
  
 The false alarm was apparently set off when the satellite mistook the sun’s reflection off the tops of clouds for a missile launch. The computer program that was supposed to filter out such information had to be rewritten. 
  
 Colonel Petrov said the system had been rushed into service in response to the United States’ introduction of a similar system. He said he knew it was not 100 percent reliable. 
  
 “We are wiser than the computers,” he said in a 2010 interview with the German magazine Der Spiegel. “We created them.” 
  
 Cold War tensions persisted. In November 1983, NATO carried out Able Archer 83, a big military exercise simulating a coordinated nuclear attack. The exercise, alongside the arrival in Europe of Pershing II nuclear missiles, led some in the Soviet leadership to believe that the United States was using it as a cover for war; the Soviets placed air units in East Germany and Poland on alert. (Able Archer is the backdrop for the recent television series “Deutschland ’83.”) ||||| Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Stanislav Petrov: ''I knew perfectly well that nobody would be able to correct my mistake if I had made one'' 
  
 Thirty years ago, on 26 September 1983, the world was saved from potential nuclear disaster. 
  
 In the early hours of the morning, the Soviet Union's early-warning systems detected an incoming missile strike from the United States. Computer readouts suggested several missiles had been launched. The protocol for the Soviet military would have been to retaliate with a nuclear attack of its own. 
  
 But duty officer Stanislav Petrov - whose job it was to register apparent enemy missile launches - decided not to report them to his superiors, and instead dismissed them as a false alarm. 
  
 This was a breach of his instructions, a dereliction of duty. The safe thing to do would have been to pass the responsibility on, to refer up. 
  
 But his decision may have saved the world. 
  
 There was no rule about how long we were allowed to think before we reported a strike. But we knew that every second of procrastination took away valuable time Stanislav Petrov 
  
 "I had all the data [to suggest there was an ongoing missile attack]. If I had sent my report up the chain of command, nobody would have said a word against it," he told the BBC's Russian Service 30 years after that overnight shift. 
  
 Mr Petrov - who retired with the rank of lieutenant colonel and now lives in a small town near Moscow - was part of a well-trained team which served at one of the Soviet Union's early warning bases, not far from Moscow. His training was rigorous, his instructions very clear. 
  
 'Couldn't move' 
  
 His job was to register any missile strikes and to report them to the Soviet military and political leadership. In the political climate of 1983, a retaliatory strike would have been almost certain. 
  
 And yet, when the moment came, he says he almost froze in place. 
  
 "The siren howled, but I just sat there for a few seconds, staring at the big, back-lit, red screen with the word 'launch' on it," he says. 
  
 The system was telling him that the level of reliability of that alert was "highest". There could be no doubt. America had launched a missile. 
  
 "A minute later the siren went off again. The second missile was launched. Then the third, and the fourth, and the fifth. Computers changed their alerts from 'launch' to 'missile strike'," he says. 
  
 Mr Petrov smokes cheap Russian cigarettes as he relates the incidents he must have played over countless times in his mind. 
  
 "There was no rule about how long we were allowed to think before we reported a strike. But we knew that every second of procrastination took away valuable time; that the Soviet Union's military and political leadership needed to be informed without delay. 
  
 "All I had to do was to reach for the phone; to raise the direct line to our top commanders - but I couldn't move. I felt like I was sitting on a hot frying pan," he told us. 
  
 Image caption Soviet protocol said the military should respond to a nuclear attack with one of its own 
  
 Although the nature of the alert seemed to be abundantly clear, Mr Petrov had some doubts. 
  
 Alongside IT specialists, like him, Soviet Union had other experts, also watching America's missile forces. A group of satellite radar operators told him they had registered no missiles. 
  
 But those people were only a support service. The protocol said, very clearly, that the decision had to be based on computer readouts. And that decision rested with him, the duty officer. 
  
 But what made him suspicious was just how strong and clear that alert was. 
  
 "There were 28 or 29 security levels. After the target was identified, it had to pass all of those 'checkpoints'. I was not quite sure it was possible, under those circumstances," says the retired officer. 
  
 Mr Petrov called the duty officer in the Soviet army's headquarters and reported a system malfunction. 
  
 If he was wrong, the first nuclear explosions would have happened minutes later. 
  
 "Twenty-three minutes later I realised that nothing had happened. If there had been a real strike, then I would already know about it. It was such a relief," he says with a smile. 
  
 'Lucky it was me' 
  
 Now, 30 years on, Mr Petrov thinks the odds were 50-50. He admits he was never absolutely sure that the alert was a false one. 
  
 He says he was the only officer in his team who had received a civilian education. "My colleagues were all professional soldiers, they were taught to give and obey orders," he told us. 
  
 So, he believes, if somebody else had been on shift, the alarm would have been raised. 
  
 A few days later Mr Petrov received an official reprimand for what happened that night. Not for what he did, but for mistakes in the logbook. 
  
 He kept silent for 10 years. "I thought it was shameful for the Soviet army that our system failed in this way," he says. 
  
 But, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the story did get into the press. Mr Petrov received several international awards. 
  
 But he does not think of himself as a hero. 
  
 "That was my job", he says. "But they were lucky it was me on shift that night." ||||| CLOSE The former Soviet military officer credited with preventing a possible nuclear disaster during the Cold War has died at age 77. Time 
  
 Stanislav Petrov at his home in Fryazino, Russia, on Aug. 27, 2015. (Photo: Pavel Golovkin, AP) 
  
 A Soviet soldier credited with saving the world from nuclear holocaust has died at age 77. 
  
 Stanislav Petrov was the duty officer monitoring an early warning system from a bunker outside Moscow on Sept. 26, 1983, when the radar screen suddenly appeared to depict a missile inbound from the United States. 
  
 “All my subordinates were confused, so I started shouting orders at them to avoid panic," Petrov told the Russian news agency RT in 2010. "I knew my decision would have a lot of consequences." 
  
 The alert siren wailed. A message on the bunker's main screen reported that four more missiles had been launched, he said. Petrov had 15 minutes to determine whether the threat was real and report to his commanders. 
  
 “My cozy armchair felt like a red-hot frying pan and my legs went limp," he told RT. "I felt like I couldn't even stand up. That's how nervous I was." 
  
 More: Tillerson: China and Russia need to take 'direct action' on North Korea 
  
 More: 'U.S. spies slept' while Russia elected Trump, Russian politician says 
  
 The incident occurred at a time of high tension between the countries. Less than a month earlier, the Russian military had shot down a Korean Air Lines flight that had deviated from its flight plan and flown over Russian airspace. The Berlin Wall would not come down for six more years. 
  
 Petrov, thinking that any U.S. attack should have involved even more missiles to limit the chance of Soviet retaliation, told his Kremlin bosses the alert must have been caused by a malfunction. He persuaded Moscow not to shoot back. 
  
 It was later determined that Russian satellites must have mistaken sunlight reflecting off clouds for nuclear missiles. 
  
 Petrov's reward? He was chastised for failing to provide proper paperwork, he said. 
  
 “My superiors were getting the blame and they did not want to recognize that anyone did any good, but instead chose to spread the blame," Petrov said. 
  
 The incident remained classified for 15 years, before a Kremlin colonel publicly discussed the incident. A German magazine picked up the story, and Petrov became a minor media star. 
  
 In 2013, Petrov was awarded the Dresden Peace Prize. In 2014, Kevin Costner starred in a drama-documentary The Man Who Saved the World, detailing Petrov's story. 
  
 A German activist who helped globalize the news of Petrov's deed called him this month to wish him a happy birthday — and was in informed by Petrov's familly that the nuclear hero had died in May amid little fanfare at his home in a small town near Moscow. It was a fitting end to a man who always had spoken modestly about his role in history. 
  
 “At first when people started telling me that these TV reports had started calling me a hero, I was surprised," he told RT in 2010. "I never thought of myself as one. After all, I was literally just doing my job." 
  
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A former Soviet officer by the name of Stanislav Petrov has died, and the key point surfacing in obituaries about him is a pretty remarkable one: His poise under pressure may have saved the world from a nuclear war. As USA Today and the New York Times report, Petrov was the officer in charge at a command center near Moscow on Sept. 26, 1983, when the unthinkable happened: Alarms went off as the facility's computers warned that the US had launched five ICBMs toward the Soviet Union. All eyes turned to Lt. Col. Petrov as he assessed the situation. If he called his superiors to report an imminent attack, a counter-strike would be likely in those tense days of the Cold War. "All I had to do was to reach for the phone, to raise the direct line to our top commanders—but I couldn't move," he told the BBC in 2013. "I felt like I was sitting on a hot frying pan." Petrov then went with his instinct: He called it a false alarm, though he would say later that he figured it was a 50-50 chance. "I had a funny feeling in my gut," he once told the Washington Post. In those crucial minutes, things hadn't added up: For instance, why would the US launch an attack with only five missiles? Petrov turned out to be correct, of course. A satellite misinterpreted the reflection of the sun on clouds for oncoming missiles, per the Times. Incredibly, Petrov got into hot water with bosses who found his paperwork about the incident lacking, but he has since received accolades. He was awarded the Dresden Peace Prize in 2013, and the following year, a documentary-drama called The Man Who Saved the World, with Kevin Costner, told his story. Petrov died in May at age 77 near Moscow, though news of this death is just surfacing now.