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Public Health 
  
 HIV Infections Rise Among Young Black Men In U.S. 
  
 i itoggle caption CDC CDC 
  
 The latest data on HIV rates in American teenagers and young adults offer a sobering message. 
  
 While the number of new infections in the U.S. is relatively stable — at about 50,000 people each year — HIV is on the rise in young people under 25. 
  
 Youths age 13 to 24 made up about a quarter of all new HIV infections in the U.S. during 2010, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported on Tuesday. And more than half of the youths living with HIV don't even realize they're infected 
  
 The bottom line: 1,000 American teenagers and young adults become infected each month with HIV. 
  
 "Given everything we know about HIV and how to prevent it after more than 30 years of fighting the disease, it's just unacceptable that young people are becoming infected at such high rates," CDC chief Dr. Thomas Frieden said Tuesday. 
  
 The upswing is driven largely by infections among young black men, who accounted for about 45 percent of new diagnoses in this age group. 
  
 Most infections occurred in men who have sex with men, the study finds. And, gay and bisexual high school kids were most likely to take part in risky behavior, such as having multiple sexual partners and injecting illegal drugs. 
  
 What's does the CDC say is needed to reverse the trend? 
  
 More testing for starters. Right now, only 13 percent of high school students get screened for HIV each year, despite the fact that both the CDC and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend routine testing for adolescents. 
  
 Frieden says it's also important that HIV-positive adolescents get antiretroviral drug treatment, which can lower their risk of spreading the virus to others. 
  
 Finally, the CDC plans to beef up education for kids about ways to protect themselves and avoid risky behavior. 
  
 "The AIDS epidemic seems very remote to young people," Dr. Kenneth Mayer, the Director of HIV Prevention at Boston's Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital, told USA Today. "There is no equivalent of a young Magic Johnson. If you are young, this seems like a disease of old people." ||||| The finding adds to the evidence that doctors need to routinely screen all patients for HIV. 
  
 A health educator conducts an HIV test. (Photo: Chip Somodevilla, Getty Images) Story Highlights About 50,000 Americans are newly infected with HIV each year. 
  
 Many medical groups now recommend routine HIV testing for everyone ages 15 to 65 
  
 One-third of people with HIV are tested late and develop full-blown AIDS within a year of diagnosis 
  
 More than 30 years after the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, young people are again taking dangerous risks with their lives, according to a new report from the Centers for the Disease Control and Prevention. 
  
 About 1,000 young people ages 13 to 24 are newly infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, each month, according to new data released for the first time. 
  
 About 60% of HIV-positive young people have no idea that they're infected, according to the report released Tuesday. 
  
 Young people ages 13 to 24 account for more than a quarter of the 50,000 new HIV infections each year, the CDC says. About 1.2 million Americans have HIV or AIDS. 
  
 "This is our future generation," says CDC director Thomas Frieden. "That so many young people become infected with HIV each year is a preventable tragedy." 
  
 Both the financial and human costs of these new infections are staggering, Frieden says. The lifetime cost of treating someone with HIV is about $400,000. That means these new infections add $4 million in new healthcare costs each month. 
  
 And while new HIV infections have leveled off among most groups, they are rising among young people, says Kevin Fenton, who leads the CDC's office on AIDS. Most of that increase is being driven by new HIV infections in young black men who have sex with men, he says. 
  
 The finding adds to the evidence that doctors need to routinely screen all patients for HIV, says Kenneth Mayer, medical research director of Boston's Fenway Health, a community health organization that provides AIDS services. 
  
 Last week, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force endorsed routine HIV testing for everyone ages 15 to 65. The CDC and American Academy of Pediatrics also call for routine screening, beginning in the teen years. 
  
 Yet only 13% of high school students have been tested for HIV, the report says. Frieden says doctors need to get the message that screening is essential. While the number of people who refuse an HIV test is very small, he says the number of doctors who fail to offer the test is great. 
  
 "They key here is to make it routine screening, just like we have cholesterol screening," Frieden says. "If someone refuses, that is their right, but we should say this is what we do." 
  
 Getting tested is the first step to treatment, which can dramatically improve patients' health and also prevent them from spreading the infection, Mayer says. People who know they're HIV-positive are less likely to engage in risky behaviors, such as sharing needles or having unprotected sex, studies show. 
  
 And people whose virus is under control, reduced to undetectable levels, are virtually incapable of spreading the infection to others, a finding that has led doctors to talk of "treatment as prevention." Only 30% of those with HIV have their virus under control, however, due to a "cascade" of obstacles to care, including lack of insurance, poverty and other issues, Frieden says. 
  
 By getting more patients on treatment, Frieden says, the nation can reduce the total amount of AIDS virus in circulation, which would dramatically reduce the number of new infections, even if people didn't change their behavior. He adds that the country needs to do a better job of educating young people about AIDS and the need to change their behavior. 
  
 "It is astonishing the level of ignorance of basic physiology that many high school and middle school students have," Frieden says. "There is not going to be an easy, quick, simple solution." 
  
 Overall, 20% of all patients with HIV are unaware of their status, according to the CDC, and about one-third are diagnosed late in their infection, after having had HIV for perhaps a decade. A number of socioeconomic factors keep people from getting tested, including the stigma of AIDS, poverty and lack of access to care. 
  
 Young gay and bisexual men, along with African Americans, are disproportionately affected. About 72% of new HIV infections in this age group occur in men who have sex with men, and 57% occur among African Americans, the CDC says. 
  
 Mayer notes that there are really two AIDS epidemics in the USA. The first wave of HIV patients is aging and in care, and many have their disease under control. A second wave of newly infected young people — who weren't even born when AIDS burst into the national consciousness three decades ago — now often acts as if they're unaware of the tremendous risks they're taking, Mayer says. 
  
 According to the new CDC report, which interviewed high school students, young men who have sex with men are more likely than others to have had four or more sex partners and to have injected drugs. Among sexually active students, young gay or bisexual men were more likely to have used alcohol or drugs before their last sexual experience and were less likely to have used a condom. Young gay and bisexual men were less likely, however, to report being taught about AIDS or HIV in school, according to the CDC. 
  
 "The AIDS epidemic seems very remote to young people," Mayer says. "There is no equivalent of a young Magic Johnson. If you are young, this seems like a disease of old people." 
  
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The number of new HIV cases in the US has leveled off at about 50,000 a year, but one important group is defying the trend: those ages 13 to 24. The CDC says about 1,000 new infections a month occur in the age group, and most of those infected (60%) have no idea, reports USA Today. Young black men are driving the increase, accounting for 45% of the new cases, reports NPR. Most infections occur in men having sex with other men. "This is our future generation," says CDC chief Thomas Frieden. "That so many young people become infected with HIV each year is a preventable tragedy." A government task force suggested last week that everybody be screened for HIV as part of routine physicals, and the new stats could bolster the argument.