Definition: In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Input: Kennedy refused a commitment to ensure that what did not happen?, Context: On April 12, 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to fly in space, reinforcing American fears about being left behind in a technological competition with the Soviet Union. At a meeting of the US House Committee on Science and Astronautics one day after Gagarin's flight, many congressmen pledged their support for a crash program aimed at ensuring that America would catch up. Kennedy was circumspect in his response to the news, refusing to make a commitment on America's response to the Soviets.
Output:
left behind in a technological competition with the Soviet Union