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Tyson food meat products are shown in this photo illustration in Encinitas, California May 29, 2014. 
  
 CHICAGO Tyson Foods Inc (TSN.N), the largest U.S. poultry producer, plans to eliminate use of human antibiotics in its chicken flocks by September 2017, one of the most aggressive timetables yet set by an American poultry company. 
  
 The Arkansas-based chicken and meat company also said Tuesday it is working on ways to curtail such on-farm drug practices at its other protein businesses, which include pork and beef. 
  
 The move marks the latest push by the livestock and food industries to reduce the use of antibiotics crucial to human health in meat production. 
  
 Public health experts and federal regulators are concerned that routine feeding of antibiotics to animals could spur creation of antibiotic-resistant superbugs in humans, creating a health hazard. 
  
 Tyson's move will help the company meet a deadline recently outlined by McDonald's Corp (MCD.N) for its U.S. restaurants to gradually stop buying chicken raised with human antibiotics over the next two years. 
  
 But Tyson's timetable was not synchronized with that of McDonald's, to which Tyson is a leading chicken supplier, Chief Executive Donnie Smith said on a conference call Tuesday. 
  
 The shift away from human antibiotics in its poultry business is not expected to change Tyson's costs, the company said, and is part of an ongoing effort that goes beyond McDonald's. 
  
 ANTIBIOTIC USE IN CATTLE, HOGS 
  
 The news was praised by public health and consumer advocacy groups, which note that the nation's top three chicken producers have all made commitments to end routine antibiotic use. The pressure now, critics say, will be for meat companies to carry those changes over to their beef and hog units. 
  
 Smith said Tuesday that Tyson does not know what volume of medically important antibiotics are being used on-farm for the company's other meat businesses, because it does not own all the livestock or control the production or feed supply. 
  
 Tyson controls its chicken supply chain from beginning to end, from owning the birds to supplying the medicated feed to the contract farmers that raise the broilers for them. But it buys hogs, cattle and turkeys from independent farmers. 
  
 "We don't know because we don't own those animals," Smith said. 
  
 To gain clarity, Tyson is forming working groups with independent farmers, company suppliers, veterinarians and others to talk about how antibiotics are used on the farm and to develop ideas to cut the use of drugs vital to fighting human infections in its U.S. beef, pork and turkey supply chains. 
  
 The working groups will begin meeting this summer. Tyson has not set a time frame or reduction goals for decreasing human antibiotic use in its other protein businesses, company officials said. 
  
 "It's the same challenge that McDonald's faced with its chicken business," said Steven Roach, senior analyst at advocacy group Keep Antibiotics Working. "While Tyson may not control that supply chain right now, they can, like McDonald's, make demands on their suppliers to do things differently." 
  
 While veterinary use of antibiotics is legal, controversy has grown over the routine feeding of antibiotics that are important to humans to otherwise healthy chicken, cattle and pigs in a bid to stave off disease and help the animals grow more quickly. 
  
 Tyson said it has already stopped using all antibiotics in its 35 broiler hatcheries and has cut human antibiotics used to treat its broiler chickens by more than 80 percent since 2011. The company said it requires a veterinary prescription when antibiotics are used on its broiler farms. 
  
 INDUSTRY SHIFTS 
  
 Earlier this month, the Wall Street Journal reported that Pilgrim's Pride Corp (PPC.O), the nation's second-largest poultry processor, would cut all antibiotics from a quarter of its chicken production by 2019. 
  
 Rival poultry processor Perdue Farms Inc told Reuters more than 95 percent of the chickens it produces are raised without antibiotics approved for human use, and more than half are raised with no antibiotics of any kind. 
  
 In 2014, Sandwich chain Chick-fil-A gave its producers five years to meet its commitment to go antibiotic-free for chicken. Perdue is a major supplier to Chick-fil-A. 
  
 Tyson has been working with livestock drug companies and others to test a variety of alternatives to antibiotics to protect birds, ranging from probiotics to essential oils derived from plant extracts, the company said. 
  
 (Reporting By P.J. Huffstutter in Chicago; Editing by Jo Winterbottom and Richard Pullin) ||||| The Keep Antibiotics Working (KAW) Coalition fights against the spread of antibiotic-resistant "superbugs." Formed in 2001, KAW is a coalition of advocacy groups that joined to ensure that untreatable superbugs resulting from the overuse of antibiotics on farms do not reverse the medical advances of the past century. ||||| Producers 
  
 Tyson Foods To Stop Giving Chickens Antibiotics Used By Humans 
  
 i itoggle caption Paul Sakuma/AP Paul Sakuma/AP 
  
 Tyson Foods, the country's biggest poultry producer, is promising to stop feeding its chickens any antibiotics that are used in human medicine. 
  
 It's the most dramatic sign so far of a major shift by the poultry industry. The speed with which chicken producers have turned away from antibiotics, in fact, has surprised some of the industry's longtime critics. 
  
 For decades, the farmers who raise chickens, pigs and cattle have used antibiotics as part of a formula for growing more animals, and growing them more cheaply. 
  
 But that practice has become controversial, because the more frequently such drugs are used, the more quickly bacteria evolve resistance to them. There are fears that antibiotic resistance could be migrating from bacteria in farm animals to bacteria that infect people — and that those infections are then more difficult to treat. 
  
 The poultry industry now appears ready to change course. 
  
 Over the past year, major companies such as Perdue and Pilgrim's Pride have announced significant cuts in antibiotic use. 
  
 Now Tyson Foods, the biggest of them all, has announced its own plan. Donnie Smith, Tyson's CEO, says that by September 2017, the company expects to eliminate the use of all antibiotics that also are used in human medicine. 
  
 Tyson still will use a class of antibiotics called ionophores that are not used to treat humans. If bacteria develop resistance to ionophores, doctors don't care, because they never use ionophores anyway. 
  
 Smith pointed out that Tyson is not promising to never ever use a human antibiotic. "What we're saying is, we don't believe that we're going to need to. But we're not going to let chickens suffer," he says. 
  
 If the company does resort to using a human antibiotic, though, it will report that use publicly, Smith says. 
  
 According to Smith, Tyson already has reduced its use of human-use antibiotics by 80 percent over the past four years. More than 90 percent of its chickens, in fact, now do not receive any human-use antibiotics at any point in their lives. 
  
 One of Tyson's competitors, Perdue, called Tyson's move an attempt to "play catch-up." Perdue eliminated the use of all human antibiotics a year ago, and about half of its chickens are raised without any antibiotics at all, including ionophores. 
  
 The timetable and details of Tyson's plans echoed those of McDonald's, which announced last month that within two years, its U.S. restaurants will not serve chicken from birds that have been treated with medically important antibiotics. Tyson Foods is a major supplier for McDonald's. 
  
 Gail Hansen, a longtime critic of antibiotic use with the Pew Charitable Trust's Antibiotic Resistance Project, called the announcement a really big deal. "Tyson is the big chicken producer," she said. "Lots and lots of folks are saying that they want to go to fewer and fewer antibiotics, and Tyson is saying, 'We're with you. We're going there, too.' So this is huge." 
  
 On the same day that Tyson released its plans, Hansen's group announced its own initiative to promote antibiotic-free chicken. It's a new certification for chicken, developed in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Agriculture and a group called School Food Focus. Auditors will verify that meat that receives this certification came from chickens that never were treated with medically relevant antibiotics, except when the birds were sick and needed treatment. 
  
 Other critics of antibiotic use also welcomed the announcement and called on other meat producers to follow the poultry industry's example. "Why are the turkey, pork and beef industries lagging so far behind?" asked Steve Roach, with a campaign called Keep Antibiotics Working, in a statement emailed to reporters. 
  
 Lance Price, a microbiologist and director of the recently launched Antibiotic Resistance Action Center at George Washington University, echoed the call for other producers to limit antibiotic use: "The sooner we implement sound strategies to curb all unnecessary antibiotic use in every food-animal sector, the sooner we can protect public health from the looming threat of antibiotic-resistant bacteria." ||||| Tyson Foods on Tuesday became the latest chicken company to begin phasing out antibiotics amid concerns that they are overused and could be putting humans at risk. 
  
 The poultry and meat company is working to eliminate human antibiotics from its chickens over the next two years, saying it wants to do its part to slow the rise of antibiotic-resistant infections in humans. 
  
 "We don't have all the answers," said Christine Daugherty, head of sustainable food production at Tyson, in a statement. "But we want to make sure that antibiotics continue to work." 
  
 The concern is that the use of antibiotics to treat sick chickens is making the medicine less effective in humans and contributing to the spread of drug-resistant bacteria. The food industry has been under pressure from consumers and public safety advocates to come up with an alternative ways to keep chickens healthy. 
  
 David Plunkett, a food safety expert at the Center for Science in the Public Interest, welcomed the move but called for an outright ban on antibiotic use in agriculture. 
  
 "These are antibiotics that we want to have effective for human health and not creating resistance," he said. "It's simply unsustainable for us to waste critically important antibiotics on things like growth promotion." 
  
 Plunkett said poultry farmers have used antibiotics to help keep healthy chickens that are raised in crowded and unsanitary conditions. 
  
 McDonald's (MCD) recently said it will only use chicken raised without certain types of antibiotics. Tyson supplies much of the chicken used in McNuggets. And Chipotle Mexican Grill (CMG) announced plans to remove all genetically modified ingredients in its food. 
  
 Other poultry producers have been taking steps to curb antibiotic use. Perdue Farms says 95% of its chickens are never given antibiotics, while Pilgrim's Pride (PPC) is also scaling back its use of the medicine. 
  
 Tyson (TSN) has already begun reducing antibiotic use in its "broiler" chickens, which are raised for meat. Under the plans announced Tuesday, Tyson said it will phase out antibiotics in its chicken flock by 2017. 
  
 The company also said it plans to work with its suppliers to reduce antibiotic use in cattle, hogs and turkeys. 
  
 Related: McDonald's to cut back on chicken raised on antibiotics 
  
 The Arkansas-based company is one of the largest producers of chicken, beef and pork products. It owns brand names such as Jimmy Dean, Hillshire Farms and Sara Lee. 
  
 While it wants to move away from antibiotics, Tyson said it will continue to treat sick animals. The company is working with others in the industry to develop alternatives to antibiotics used on farms. 
  
 "We will not let a sick animal suffer," said Donnie Smith, president and CEO of Tyson Foods. "We believe it's our responsibility to help drive action towards sustainable solutions to this challenge by working with our chicken, turkey, beef and pork supply chains." 
  
 Related: Chipotle is now GMO-free 
  
 Related: Hillary went to Chipotle, Bill went to McDonald's 
  
 Related: McDonald's brings back Chicken Selects |||||
Output:
Another victory for those calling for antibiotics to be eliminated from our food chain: By 2017, Tyson Foods will have largely eliminated human antibiotic use in its chickens. "Antibiotic-resistant infections are a global health concern," says the CEO in a statement. "We're confident our meat and poultry products are safe, but want to do our part to responsibly reduce human antibiotics on the farm so these medicines can continue working when they're needed to treat illness." Some quick reactions: NPR: "It's the most dramatic sign so far of a major shift by the poultry industry. The speed with which chicken producers have turned away from antibiotics, in fact, has surprised some of the industry's longtime critics." Keep Antibiotics Working campaign: "Why are the turkey, pork, and beef industries lagging so far behind?" CNNMoney notes that one food safety expert at the Center for Science in the Public Interest says the move is not enough and that a ban on antibiotic use in agriculture is needed. The move comes shortly after McDonald's—one of Tyson's largest clients—announced that within two years, it will no longer use chickens treated with human antibiotics. Tyson, one of the biggest meat producers in the US, had already been taking steps to remove human antibiotics from its chicken production, the New York Times reports, and many speculated at that point the company would take the final steps. Perdue and Pilgrim's Pride have made similar moves, Reuters reports, meaning that now the top three chicken producers in the US are all on the road toward eliminating antibiotics. Tyson may still use human antibiotics on chickens in the future if absolutely necessary, but any such use would be publicly disclosed.