Definition: In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Input: WASHINGTON -- This coming Black Friday will mark six years since a worker died beneath a throng of shoppers at a Walmart on Long Island. Although federal regulators faulted the retail giant in the tragedy, Walmart still hasn’t been compelled to pay the modest $7,000 fine that was levied against it. 
  
 The case, Department of Labor v. Walmart Stores, has not moved forward since HuffPost reported on it a year ago -- on appeal with a federal review commission that handles workplace safety fines. As of this writing, the commission lists the status of the case as “pending review.” 
  
 The case was first referred to the commission three and a half years ago. A spokeswoman for the commission said it does not comment on the timeline for pending cases. 
  
 It’s common for employers to appeal whatever penalties the Labor Department’s safety inspectors issue against them, including when workers are killed on the job. But the case of 34-year-old Jdimytai Damour, who had worked at Walmart for only a week when he was asphyxiated beneath the Black Friday crowd, underscores just how long those appeals can drag on, even in cases where the fines are comparably small. 
  
 Brooke Buchanan, a Walmart spokeswoman, said the retailer has made significant changes in recent years to minimize the frenzy among shoppers and make for a safer atmosphere, including spreading out merchandise that's on special and staggering sales times. 
  
 "After this horrible incident that happened six years ago, we took major steps working with crowd experts, law enforcement and people who do this for a living to see and help set up our stores," Buchanan said. 
  
 As HuffPost previously reported, Walmart, which had net sales of $473 billion last fiscal year, probably isn’t disputing the penalty in order to save $7,000, the maximum amount the Occupational Safety and Health Administration can fine a company for serious violations. Indeed, the company has already spent millions of dollars in legal costs just to fight the case. For Walmart, more significant than the nominal fine itself would be the ramifications if the fine were upheld. 
  
 OSHA used what’s known as the general duty clause as the foundation for its fine against Walmart. The clause holds that employers have a basic responsibility to provide a workplace that’s “free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to [their] employees.” 
  
 In essence, the agency argues that Walmart should have foreseen the dangers presented by a mass of excited shoppers waiting at the store’s doors. An administrative law judge agreed back in 2011, though Walmart appealed that decision to the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission, where cases often wait years for review. 
  
 OSHA regulations tend to be very specific, and the agency doesn’t often reach for the general duty clause because it isn’t so easy to prove what should be a “recognizable” hazard. Employers, unsurprisingly, often criticize citations using the general duty clause as too vague. That's what happened when OSHA cited a poultry processor recently for violating the clause and putting workers in danger of ergonomic hazards. Before that, OSHA hadn’t tried to wield the clause in such a case in more than a decade. 
  
 In the Black Friday case, Walmart would be more eager to defeat OSHA's arguments than to avoid the $7,000 penalty. The company has argued that the dangers on Black Friday could not have been predicted. If regulators ultimately succeed in their case, OSHA would theoretically have an easier time putting Walmart and other retailers on the hook for Black Friday disasters in the future. 
  
 In a deal to avoid prosecution, Walmart agreed to develop a new crowd control plan the year after Damour's death. For its part, OSHA has started issuing guidance each year on how stores can handle their sales events safely. The agency recently sent letters to the major retailers urging them to adopt their own plans ahead of Black Friday. 
  
 “Retail workers should not be put at risk,” David Michaels, the head of OSHA, said last week. ||||| In 2008, a Walmart employee was killed when a mob of deal-desperate Black Friday shoppers tore the store’s doors from their hinges and stormed inside, trampling him to death. The chain was eventually fined $7000 for their role in the employee’s death — but six years and $2 million later, the world’s largest retailer has yet to pay up. 
  
 The fine was the result of an investigation by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which found that Walmart did indeed put employees at risk by failing to put “reasonable and effective” crowd management in place. When the fine — the maximum possible — was levied in May of 2009, Walmart had 15 days either to pay or to appeal. 
  
 The chain, which brought in over $475 billion in revenue last year, chose to appeal the $7000 fine. A year later, in 2010, they’d spent more than $2 million on the appeal. Their argument went to the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission — an independent group set up to rule on challenges to OSHA penalties — back in 2011. And it’s been sitting there ever since. 
  
 The appeals process can take years, as the Huffington Post explained today. And it’s clearly not about the money but is, for Walmart, about the principle of the thing. 
  
 OSHA regulations, the HuffPo explains, tend to be very specific. You can’t use X chemical without ventilation, or allow people to do Y task without safety equipment, or permit employees to spent more than Z hours per week in certain kind of conditions. 
  
 But when OSHA found Walmart at fault for the employee’s death, they used something called the general duty clause as the basis for their fine. The general duty clause is exactly what it sounds like: a piece of regulation about workplaces having a general duty to provide safe working conditions. Specifically, the clause says that employers have a responsibility to make their workplaces “free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to [their] employees.” 
  
 It’s easier to pinpoint and prove a specific kind of harm. Demonstrating that an employer should have been aware of a more nebulous “recognized hazard” is a harder point to prove. And employers love to push back on any ruling made under the general duty clause as too vague. 
  
 Walmart’s basic case, therefore, is that they had no idea that the mob at the gates — that they invited, with their marketing, and that they did not put measures in place to control — was a recognizable hazard. If Walmart wins the appeal, then there’s no precedent on the books for retailers that crowd control is a safety risk for which they are responsible. If OSHA prevails, on the other hand, then regulators would have a case to point to in the future to say, “Walmart did this, we fined them, this is reasonable, you should have known better.” 
  
 Since 2009, the retailer has changed their Black Friday crowd management protocols. A spokesperson for Walmart told the HuffPo that “we took major steps working with crowd experts, law enforcement and people who do this for a living to see and help set up our stores,” including staggering sales throughout the day and spreading out merchandise so fewer knots of frenzied people form. 
  
 Six Years Later, Walmart Still Hasn’t Paid A $7,000 Fine For Black Friday Worker’s Death [Huffington Post] |||||
Output:
It's been six years since 34-year-old Jdimytai Damour, who was one week into his temporary employment at a Long Island Walmart, was trampled to death by a mob of Black Friday shoppers. But while Walmart was hit with a $7,000 fine for its role in his death, it has yet to pay up, reports Huffington Post. The reason likely has nothing to do with the amount of the fine, which is the maximum amount the Occupational Safety and Health Administration can fine a company for serious violations. The retail giant reported net sales of $473 billion last year, and has spent $2 million litigating this case already, reports the Consumerist. For Walmart, there could be considerable ramifications if the fine is upheld. (The case is currently on appeal with OSHA, which handles workplace safety fines, and is listed as "pending review"—where it's sat for more than three years.) Because OSHA found Walmart at fault using the general duty clause, which rather vaguely puts the onus on employers to make their workplaces "free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to [their] employees," upholding the fine essentially means that employers will become responsible for crowd control. Walmart, for its part, says it's taken "major steps" toward improving crowd safety. (See why 30,000 Walmart employees are about to lose their health insurance.)