Teacher:In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Harvard University central administrators secretly searched the email accounts of 16 resident deans last fall, looking for a leak to the media about the school’s sprawling cheating case, according to several Harvard officials interviewed by the Globe. 
  
 The resident deans sit on Harvard’s Administrative Board, the committee charged with handling the cheating case. They were not warned that administrators planned to access their accounts, and only one was told of the search shortly afterward. 
  
 The dean who was informed had forwarded a confidential Administrative Board message to a student he was advising, not realizing it would ultimately make its way to the Harvard Crimson and the Globe and fuel the campus controversy over the cheating scandal. 
  
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 All the Harvard officials interviewed by the Globe declined to identify the dean, although one said no punishment had been involved. 
  
 The other 15 deans were left unaware their email accounts had been searched by administrators until the Globe approached Harvard with questions about the incident on Thursday, having learned of it from multiple Harvard officials who described it in detail. Those officials asked for anonymity out of fear of reprisal. 
  
 Harvard administrators said they would inform the remaining deans today—almost six months after the search. 
  
 The deans have two Harvard email accounts – one primarily intended for administrative duties, and another for personal matters. Only the first category of accounts was searched; information technology staffers were instructed to look only for a specific forwarded message heading and to not read the content of messages. 
  
 News of the incident could nonetheless anger Harvard faculty members, whose privacy in electronic records is protected under a Faculty of Arts and Sciences policy. 
  
 Resident deans are not professors, but they teach. At issue is how much privacy they should expect. 
  
 “If reading the deans’ email is really OK by the book, why didn’t they just ask the deans who leaked the memo, threatening to read their email if no one came forward?” said Harry Lewis, a computer scientist and former dean of the college who helped draft its current email privacy policy for faculty. “Why not tell them what was being done if it was really an OK thing to do?” 
  
 The Globe requested interviews with several members of Harvard’s central administration regarding the incident. In response, the dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Michael Smith – whose office authorized the search along with the Harvard general counsel’s office – released a statement to the Globe on Friday. 
  
 The statement did not specifically acknowledge the administration’s actions or say who had initiated them. But it appeared to defend them on grounds that the leak might have compromised the Administrative Board’s confidential disciplinary process. 
  
 “Harvard College would take all necessary and appropriate actions under our procedures to safeguard the integrity of that process, which is designed to protect the rights of our students to privacy and due process,” the statement read. 
  
 It further said that Smith – a computer scientist with expertise on privacy issues—“would agree entirely with taking steps that found the right balance between our needs to respect the privacy of our employees and to protect the privacy of our students.” 
  
 The leaked email, which was written by the head of the Administrative Board, Jay Ellison, on Aug. 16, mostly offered innocuous advice for deans counseling students implicated in the cheating case who were concerned about punishment. It did not name any students. 
  
 However, it did contain a passage in which Ellison noted that student-athletes might consider taking voluntary leaves of absence in order to preserve NCAA eligibility if found guilty. 
  
 That passage brought Harvard some mild media criticism (http://cognoscenti.wbur.org/2012/09/19/harvard-cheating-peter-may), after two star basketball players withdrew from the university. 
  
 Sharon Howell, Harvard’s senior resident dean, said she was dismayed to learn that the email accounts had been accessed. 
  
 In September, she said, she and the dean of the college, Evelynn Hammonds, had briefly discussed the possibility that administrators might search the deans’ email accounts. 
  
 “I told her that I thought looking at our email records was sort of drastic and problematic,” she said. 
  
 Howell said she did not hear anything further from administrators about the matter until Friday, when she was called in to discuss it with Hammonds and two other college officials, who were hoping for advice on how to tell the other resident deans. 
  
 “They don’t seem to think they’ve done anything wrong,” she said. “[I told them], if you want to repair this with the resident deans, it would make sense to talk about why you thought this was the right thing at the time, and apologize for not notifying us after the fact.” 
  
 Howell and other officials interviewed by the Globe said they had no reason to suspect any other email accounts were examined as part of the probe into the leaked message. 
  
 Harvard spokesman Jeff Neal added that “any assertion that Harvard routinely monitors emails – for any reason – is patently false.” 
  
 Some Harvard policies do allow administrators to freely access email accounts and other electronic records without notifying the holders or owners. 
  
 One policy, which appears designed to ward off potential attacks by hackers on school networks, states that authorized administrators may access accounts in order to “prevent harm to the University.” 
  
 Another policy, aimed at non-unionized administrative and professional staff, states that electronic records “may be accessed at any time by management or by other authorized personnel for any business purpose.” 
  
 The resident deans, however, may qualify for more protection than that policy provides. They are not only administrative and professional staff; they also hold positions as lecturers. That means they may be considered members of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, who work under a separate policy that all but assures them that their emails and other records on school computers will remain private. 
  
 Under the FAS policy, administrators are allowed to access faculty emails and documents in “extraordinary circumstances such as legal proceedings and internal Harvard investigations.” But they must notify the relevant faculty members in writing, ideally in advance. If “circumstances make prior notification impossible,” faculty are to be “notified at the earliest possible opportunity.” 
  
 That FAS policy was drafted in part because some professors feared that previous president Lawrence Summers was monitoring their correspondence. 
  
 Howell said she expected to be granted the same level of privacy as FAS members. She noted that she and another resident dean serve on the college’s 18-member Faculty Council. 
  
 During her meeting on Friday, she said, “I challenged them on this. They seemed to think [the faculty] policy didn’t apply and that it was the staff policy that applied. But we’re faculty.” 
  
 Greg Morrisett, a computer scientist who heads the FAS standing committee on information technology, agreed that the resident deans would qualify for protected status and said that a lot of faculty are going to be “pissed off.” 
  
 “Speaking for myself, I would certainly include instructors, preceptors, visiting faculty, a wide range of people,” he said. “And I would be extremely upset to learn that somebody is [searching electronic records] without following the policy.” ||||| Bewildered, and at times angry, faculty members at Harvard criticized the university on Sunday after revelations that administrators secretly searched the e-mail accounts of 16 resident deans in an effort to learn who leaked information about a student cheating scandal to the news media. Some predicted a confrontation between the faculty and the administration. 
  
 “I was shocked and dismayed,” said the law professor Charles J. Ogletree. “I hope that it means the faculty will now have something to say about the fact that these things like this can happen.” 
  
 News of the e-mail searches prolonged the fallout from the cheating scandal, in which about 70 students were forced to take a leave from school for collaborating or plagiarizing on a take-home final exam in a government class last year. 
  
 Harry R. Lewis, a professor and former dean of Harvard College, said, “People are just bewildered at this point, because it was so out of keeping with the way we’ve done things at Harvard.” 
  
 “I think what the administration did was creepy,” said Mary C. Waters, a sociology professor, adding that “this action violates the trust I once had that Harvard would never do such a thing.” 
  
 Last fall, the administrators searched the e-mails of 16 resident deans, trying to determine who had leaked an internal memo about how the deans should advise students who stood accused of cheating. But most of those deans were not told that their accounts had been searched until the past few days, after The Boston Globe, which first reported the searches, began to inquire about them. 
  
 Rather than the searches being kept secret from the resident deans, “they should’ve been asked openly,” said Richard Thomas, a professor of classics. “This is not a good outcome.” 
  
 Though some professors were disinclined to speak to a reporter, they showed less restraint online, where sites were buzzing with the news, and several professors said the topic dominated the faculty’s private conversations. 
  
 On his blog, which is closely followed by many people at Harvard, Dr. Lewis called the administration’s handling of the search “dishonorable,” and, like some of his colleagues, said the episode would prompt him to do less of his communication through his Harvard e-mail account, and more through a private account. 
  
 Timothy McCarthy, a lecturer and program director at Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government, posted about the e-mail search on Facebook. “This is disgraceful,” he said, “even more so than the original cheating scandal, because it involves adults who should know better — really smart, powerful adults, with complete job security.” 
  
 Harvard’s spokesmen declined to comment on Sunday about the criticism. On Saturday, the university would not confirm or deny that the e-mail searches had taken place. It was unclear whether the issue would blow over or if it might escalate into a major confrontation between the faculty and the administration. 
  
 A resident dean generally has two Harvard e-mail accounts, a general one and one specifically for the post of resident dean. A Harvard official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss a matter the university considers confidential, said the searches had been limited to the resident dean accounts and limited to message headers indicating whether the leaked e-mail had been forwarded to anyone; the official said no one had looked at the content of any e-mails. 
  
 The resident deans are employees who live in Harvard’s residential houses, alongside undergraduates, and counsel them on a range of matters. They also have appointments as lecturers — people who teach classes but are not on the tenure track for professors — and serve on various faculty bodies. 
  
 Several Harvard faculty members speculated that the administration had felt free to search the e-mail accounts because it regarded the resident deans as regular employees, not faculty members; Harvard’s policies on electronic privacy give more protection to faculty members. The prevailing view from professors seemed to be that the resident deans are faculty members. 
  
 “If their role as administrative deans means that they can be treated like staff,” Dr. Waters said, “then I do think that the e-mails of the president, provost and dean of the faculty should be turned over to the Faculty Council to investigate who ordered this witch hunt. “If the resident deans don’t have protection as faculty, neither should any other faculty serving in an administrative capacity.” |||||
Student:
Harvard faculty members are fuming over word that the university quietly searched 16 resident deans' email accounts following a cheating scandal. Administrators were investigating how an internal memo responding to the scandal was leaked to the media, the New York Times reports. "People are just bewildered at this point, because it was so out of keeping with the way we’ve done things at Harvard," says Harry Lewis, a professor and former dean. Just one of the deans was told of the search soon after it occurred; the other 15 weren't told until the Boston Globe looked into the issue. "Why not tell them what was being done if it was really an OK thing to do?" Lewis asks. Harvard released a detailed statement today, saying it made a "very narrow, careful, and precise subject-line search," and that they didn't read the contents of anyone's mail. They say they didn't tell anyone because they determined the leak was unintentional, and wanted to protect the leaker's privacy.