You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.

What did Dallas Irvine say the end result was for French system?, Context: In addition, the Prussian military education system was superior to the French model; Prussian staff officers were trained to exhibit initiative and independent thinking. Indeed, this was Moltke's expectation. The French, meanwhile, suffered from an education and promotion system that stifled intellectual development. According to the military historian Dallas Irvine, the system "was almost completely effective in excluding the army's brain power from the staff and high command. To the resulting lack of intelligence at the top can be ascribed all the inexcusable defects of French military policy."
Output:
lack of intelligence at the top