Teacher: We would like you to assess the QUALITY of each of the following argument (discussing Death Penalty) and determine if the argument is Valid or Invalid. A valid argument is clearly interpretable and either expresses an argument, or a premise or a conclusion that can be used in an argument for the topic of death penalty. An invalid argument is a phrase that cannot be interpreted as an argument or not on the topic of death penalty.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
The fact that you do not want to donate to these poor, needy people only shows me that you really do not care about the embryos
Solution: Invalid
Reason: It is not an argument on the topic of death penalty.

Now, solve this instance: Furthermore, the Judge in that Quinones case, Rakoff, has since stated that the innocence number might be 30, not the 40 he stated during the case, indicating the combined numbers are, now, most certainly, lower than 17.
Student:
Valid