Adverse drug reactions are appreciably harmful or unpleasant reactions resulting from an intervention related to the use of medical products, which predicts hazard from future administration and warrants prevention or specific treatment, or alteration of the dosage regimen, or withdrawal of the product. Given medical case reports extracted from MEDLINE, the task is to classify whether the case report mentions the presence of any adverse drug reaction. Classify your answers into non-adverse drug event and adverse drug event.
--------
Question: Captopril-associated "pseudocholangitis'.

Answer: adverse drug event


Question: When vague symptoms develop during desmopressin therapy, hyponatremia must be considered as part of the differential diagnosis.

Answer: adverse drug event


Question: Findings on discontinuation and rechallenge supported the assumption that the hair loss was a side effect of the paroxetine.

Answer:
adverse drug event


