Answer the following question given this paragraph:   CHAPTER SUMMARY 38.1 Types of Skeletal Systems The three types of skeleton designs are hydrostatic skeletons, exoskeletons, and endoskeletons. A hydrostatic skeleton is formed by a fluid-filled compartment held under hydrostatic pressure; movement is created by the muscles producing pressure on the fluid. An exoskeleton is a hard external skeleton that protects the outer surface of an organism and enables movement through muscles attached on the inside. An endoskeleton is an internal skeleton composed of hard, mineralized tissue that also enables movement by attachment to muscles. The human skeleton is an endoskeleton that is composed of the axial and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton is composed of the bones of the skull, ossicles of the ear, hyoid bone, vertebral column, and ribcage. The skull consists of eight cranial bones and 14 facial bones. Six bones make up the ossicles of the middle ear, while the hyoid bone is located in the neck under the mandible. The vertebral column contains 26 bones, and it surrounds and protects the spinal cord. The thoracic cage consists of the sternum, ribs, thoracic vertebrae, and costal cartilages. The appendicular skeleton is made up of the limbs of the upper and lower limbs. The pectoral girdle is composed of the clavicles and the scapulae. The upper limb contains 30 bones in the arm, the forearm, and the hand. The pelvic girdle attaches the lower limbs to the axial skeleton. The lower limb includes the bones of the thigh, the leg, and the foot.   Q: Of the three types of skeleton designs - hydrostatic skeletons, exoskeletons, and endoskeletons - which do humans possess?   A:
OPTIONS:
- none of the above
- hydrostatic skeleton
- exoskeleton
- endoskeleton
endoskeleton

Answer the following question given this paragraph:   The cells of the blastocyst form an inner cell mass and an outer cell layer, as shown in Figure below . The inner cell mass is called the embryoblast . These cells will soon develop into an embryo. The outer cell layer is called the trophoblast . These cells will develop into other structures needed to support and nourish the embryo.   Q: What is the inner cell mass formed by the cells of the blastocyst called?   A:
OPTIONS:
- xerophyte
- amniotic cavity
- ectoderm
- embryoblast

Answer: embryoblast

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph:   Living in a large colony requires good communication. Ants communicate with chemicals called pheromones. For example, an ant deposits pheromones on the ground as it returns to the nest from a food source. It is marking the path so other ants can find the food. Honeybees communicate by doing a “waggle dance. ”.   Q: Pheromones enable what, which is vital for organisms like ants that live in a large community?   A:
OPTIONS:
- adaptation
- asexual reproduction
- migration
- communication
Answer: communication

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph:   Cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, a component of the electron transport chain. If cyanide poisoning occurs, would you expect the pH of the intermembrane space to increase or decrease? What effect would cyanide have on ATP synthesis?.   Q: Which component of the electron transport chain does cyanide inhibit?   A:
OPTIONS:
- succinate dehydrogenase
- adenosine diphosphate
- mitochondrial matrix
- cytochrome c oxidase
output: cytochrome c oxidase

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph:   Many of the fibers that compose the materials for our clothes are naturally occurring. Silk and cotton are examples of natural fibers. Silk is produced by the silkworm, and cotton is grown as a plant. However, several chemical processes are used to treat silk thread so that it is shrink-resistant and will repel water. Chemical dyes are frequently used to color various fabrics. Cleaning requires special soaps or chemicals used to dry-clean materials. Cotton will grow better if the boll weevil (an insect that kills the plant) is eliminated with the use of specific insecticides. Ironing of cotton is made easier by the use of chemicals that produce a permanent press in the material.   Q: Silk and cotton are examples of what type of fibers?   A:

OPTIONS:
- mechanical
- artificial
- coral
- natural

A: natural

Answer the following question given this paragraph:   Microwave ovens operate by emitting microwave radiation, which is primarily absorbed by water molecules in food. The absorbed radiation is converted to heat through rapid oscillations of polar water molecules, 28.   Q: Microwave ovens use radiation to provide food with what kind of energy?   A:
OPTIONS:
- magnetic
- vibrational
- mechanical
- heat

heat