Rewrite each original sentence in order to make it easier to understand by non-native speakers of English. You can do so by replacing complex words with simpler synonyms (i.e. paraphrasing), deleting unimportant information (i.e. compression), and/or splitting a long complex sentence into several simpler ones. The final simplified sentences need to be grammatical, fluent, and retain the main ideas of their original counterparts without altering their meanings.

The Armenian legion was established under the goals of the Armenian national liberation movement and was an armed unit besides the Armenian volunteer units and Armenian militia during World War I which fought against the Ottoman Empire.
The Armenian legion was made under the goals of the Armenian national liberation movement. It was an armed unit besides the Armenian volunteer units and Armenian militia during World War I. They fought against the Ottoman Empire.

Election The President of the Bundesrat usually is elected on the 1 November in a given year, and serves until the 31 October in the year that follows.
The President of the Bundesrat usually is chosen on the 1 November, and serves until the  next October 31.

The Gentoo Penguin, Pygoscelis papua, is easily recognized by the wide white stripe extending like a bonnet across the top of its head.

The Gentoo Penguin, Pygoscelis papua, is easily recognized by the wide white stripe. It extends like a bonnet across the top of its head.

