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By Sean CoughlanBBC News education correspondent There were particular weaknesses with maths among lower ability girls in the UK, says the study of test results. The international report warns of the UK's gender gap in maths, with girls trailing behind boys. It also calls for tougher conceptual maths to be taught in UK schools. This international comparison of ability in maths is drawn from an analysis of the Pisa tests taken by 15-year-olds. Gender gap It shows that across most developed countries, boys are better than girls at maths. At reading, it is the reverse, with girls much better than boys. This difference in maths is not about any innate differences, says the OECD's Andreas Schleicher. Instead he says it is driven by a lack of confidence among girls in their maths skills and lower expectations that they will need maths in future careers. Surveys gathered alongside the Pisa tests show that girls are much more likely than boys to have a perception of themselves as being bad at maths. "There is a close correlation between expectations and achievement," he said. In the highest performing education systems, such as Singapore and Shanghai, the gender gap is much narrower. In all countries there are a range of abilities in maths among pupils. But the OECD says that there is an unusual pattern in the UK with lower performing girls in the UK much worse than might be expected. These teenagers are the equivalent of about six years behind in their maths skills, compared with the average for schoolgirls in Shanghai in China. The OECD study looks at the UK as a whole, rather than four separate devolved education systems. Mr Schleicher says that being good or bad at maths has far-reaching economic consequences for individuals. People with good maths skills in the UK are six times more likely to have earnings above the median income, he said. Mr Schleicher also highlighted that "maths" could mean very different levels of learning in different countries - and that this could account for differences in test results. He said that in schools in the UK there was a tendency for "simple maths wrapped in complex words". In contrast, he said that in Shanghai there was an emphasis on formal maths and understanding the underlying principles. England's education minister, Elizabeth Truss, said: "In the past girls have been let down by outdated assumptions about what they are good at but the evidence shows that with excellent teaching and support from parents they are just as good as boys in crucial subjects like maths and physics. "This is why we are determined to get the message across to girls and their parents that maths skills command the highest earnings in the workplace."
Maths confidence gap leaves UK girls trailing, OECD says

Andrzej Duda of the conservative, Eurosceptic Law and Justice Party, scored a surprise win in the 2015 election, beating the incumbent Bronislaw Komorowski of the centrist Civic Platform in the closest presidential contest in Poland's history. Political observers attributed his victory to public dissatisfaction with Civic Platform's failure to boost employment and wages in line with continuing economic growth, and with a rise in the retirement age. This dissatisfaction also saw Law and Justice win parliamentary elections in October with the first single-party overall majority in Poland's history as a democracy. Born in 1972 and a law lecturer by profession, Mr Duda has been active in conservative politics since the early 2000s, rising to work in the Presidential Chancellery under Lech Kaczynski in 2008-2010. He served in parliament in 2011-2014, winning praise for his bipartisan approach in the often highly-charged world of Polish politics, and was later elected to the European Parliament. Prime Minister: Mateusz Morawiecki Finance Minister Morawiecki took over as head of the conservative Law and Justice party government in December 2017, replacing Beata Szydlo, who moved to the post of deputy prime minister. Law and Justice leader Jaroslaw Kaczynski dropped Mrs Szydlo in what Polish political analysts see as a move to repair the country's poor relations with the European Union, and prepare the party for a series of elections. The Western-educated economist Mr Morawiecki has a more polished manner than his predecessor, but shares her strong support for Mr Kaczynski's moves to limit the power of the judiciary, promote a conservative Catholic social agenda, and oppose European Union demands to accept Muslim refugees.
Poland profile - Leaders

At least 16 people died and 27 were injured when a German plane dropped a cluster of bombs on the factory at Rotherwas, in Herefordshire. Reverend Anna Branston, of St Peter's Church in nearby Bullinghope, identified three plots this week after working with BBC Hereford & Worcester. She said the find was fascinating, adding: "I had no idea it was there." The BBC station is campaigning to gain national recognition for the munitions workers of the two world wars. The reverend said the church's staff had come across the plots after studying the register of the graves and comparing it with a survey done some years later. "We put them together and discovered there were three unmarked plots," she said. The location of the plots - next to other victims' graves - suggested a connection to the attack. She said the register "somewhat gruesomely" referred to the grave's contents as "limbs". She said she preferred to record it as "the remains of those unknown". The number of people working on the site at the time of the attack - which took place on 27 July 1942 - has never been released by the government. Many of those whose names are in the public domain were civilians who lived nearby. Nancy Evans, one of two munitions workers from her shift who survived the bombing, said she still remembered the shock of losing so many friends. "The bigger part of your friends were dead," she said. Ms Branston said the unmarked grave would become a place of remembrance for "people who lost relatives and friends and don't know where they are".

'Lost' WW2 munitions workers' grave in Herefordshire found

