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Q: By Marianna SpringSpecialist disinformation reporter, BBC News The adverts show the Democratic Party challenger with an earpiece, and say that he refused to have his ears checked for devices prior to the debate. The Biden campaign rejected the claims. The Trump campaign adverts ask: "Why won't Sleepy Joe commit to an ear test?" and "Who is in Joe's ear?" Accusations that presidential candidates have received debate help via hidden hearing devices are familiar, albeit unproven. Such allegations have been levelled against both Republican and Democratic candidates in the past. Prior to Tuesday's debate, the rumour about Mr Biden's supposed earpiece was circulating on several social networks, and was being promoted by the Trump campaign. At least 15 versions The advertising campaign was launched after the debate, and also promotes two other baseless but widely shared rumours about Mr Biden. One suggested he asked for breaks during the debate, and another accused him of refusing a "drug test". The photo featured in the advert is not from Tuesday's debate. It was first shared online in September 2019. In a number of the adverts, it has been doctored to show Mr Biden wearing wireless Apple headphones. This was not the case in the original image. Some versions circle the ear featuring the headphone. By Wednesday evening, there were at least 15 different versions of the advert, and according to Facebook's Ad Library, they had reached at least 10 million users. Facebook has pledged to label posts containing voting misinformation and point users towards accurate information ahead of the election. However its policy does not involve fact-checking political speech, including in advertisements. The company declined to comment about the latest Trump ad campaign. Rumour origins Hours before the debate, the claims went viral on Facebook and YouTube. Identical memes were pushed by a number of popular Facebook pages with names such as US Conservative and Unhinged Left. They claimed "Joe Biden should be inspected for a hidden earpiece as well as submit to a drug test before the debate". These memes are subject to fact-checks - and some have had warning labels applied to them on Facebook. The claims were picked up by Fox News and other conservative news outlets. They were further amplified by supporters of QAnon, an unfounded a conspiracy theory that claims President Trump is fighting a secret war against elite Satan-worshipping paedophiles. Those who believe in QAnon are known for promoting political disinformation on social media which targets opponents of the president. They shared close-up pictures of Mr Biden's ears, alleging a listening device was visible. During the debate, some also shared photos of a fold in Mr Biden's shirt, claiming it was caused by a wire, and of a supposed device on his wrist, where he wears a rosary in memory of his late son Beau. Nothing new Conspiracy theories about secret listening devices have been recycled in presidential election campaigns for the past two decades. Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton faced similar unfounded claims ahead of the 2016 presidential election. In 2004, rumours circulated among left-wing sites and blogs that President George W Bush was being aided by a secret earpiece. None of those allegations were found to be true. Even if a candidate did wear an earpiece, any advantage would be questionable. As TV and radio presenters can attest, listening to someone while simultaneously talking during the back-and-forth of a live event is a difficult skill to master.
A: US President Donald Trump's re-election campaign is running hundreds of Facebook advertisements pushing an unfounded conspiracy theory that Joe Biden cheated during the first US presidential debate.
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Q: Its State of the Nation report covering England, Scotland and Wales, said the situation had remained "virtually stagnant" since 2014. It is calling on ministers to provide additional funding for older teenagers in education and to extend free childcare to more low income families. The government said it would take the recommendations seriously. The findings will come as a setback to Theresa May who promised to tackle the "burning injustice" of social inequality when she entered Downing Street in 2016. However, the following year, all of the commissioners on the Social Mobility Commission - set up in 2010 to monitor and promote social mobility - resigned, saying the government was too focused on Brexit to deal with creating a fairer Britain. 'A catch 22' Law graduate Paris McKenzie, 25, wants to be a solicitor but said there are not enough training contracts in her home city of Nottingham. "I have barely come across any, and I constantly search for them. There are lots in London," she said. But the single mother said she did not "have the means" to move to the capital, where she said she would not have support and would struggle to pick up her son from nursery herself. "It's a catch 22, my opportunities are very limited," she added. Dame Martina Milburn, who has since been appointed as the new chairwoman, said she sensed there was now "a real commitment" from the government. However, she said the biggest concern was not stagnation, but that the problem might actually get worse. "There's still a big shift - if you want to be socially mobile - towards London," she told BBC Radio Four's Today programme. "I think you're three times more likely to move to London if you're from a professional background than if you're from a working class background." Education Secretary Damian Hinds said he welcomed the "thorough" report - the first since the new commissioners were appointed - but stopped short of saying the government would adopt all of its recommendations. The report recommends: The report found those from better-off backgrounds were almost 80% more likely to be in a professional job than their working class peers. It said the proportion of people from professional backgrounds who were in professional jobs was 60% last year. In contrast, only 34% of those from working class backgrounds had professional jobs last year. And both figures had changed only slightly over the past four years. "Being born privileged means you are likely to remain privileged," said Dame Martina, who is also chief executive of the Prince's Trust. "But being born disadvantaged means you may have to overcome a series of barriers to ensure you and your children are not stuck in the same trap." The commission said it welcomed the findings showing that Scotland and Wales were becoming more socially mobile, with a person's socio-economic status less likely to be determined by their parents' socio-economic status than in 2014. It said this was especially encouraging in light of the limited social mobility in Britain as a whole. The Social Mobility Commission said an increasing number of students from low-income families were entering university by the age of 19. That proportion has now reached 26%, compared with 43% of better-off peers. But, five years after graduating, those graduates who had been on free school meals at school were in jobs that earned 11.5% less than other graduates, the report said. It found barriers to getting a top job were there from the start - about a half (52%) of disadvantaged teenagers leave school without basic qualifications and many get stuck in low-paid work. Adult education could help to redress that, said the report, but almost all forms of adult education have been in decline since 2010. There were also longer-term concerns that divisions could worsen as low-paid and low-skilled jobs were more likely to become automated in the future. Professor Diane Reay, from the University of Cambridge told BBC Radio 4's World at One: "The expansion in the labour market is at the bottom - in the low-paid casualised jobs - rather than in the high-paid, more elite jobs. "We need to radically change the hierarchical structure of English society, not just the social class of a few individuals." Paul Gregg, a professor of economic and social policy at the University of Bath, who resigned from the Social Mobility Commission in 2017, told the programme: "It's still the case that Brexit is sucking all the political oxygen in government [from] any kind of social reforms." The education secretary said employment had risen in every UK region under this government; wages were outstripping inflation; the gap between disadvantaged pupils and their peers has narrowed; and the proportion of 16 and 17-year-olds in education or apprenticeships was at its highest ever. Easier for the better-off to grab opportunities Career progression and better-paid work is more likely if people move regions - particularly if they go to London, the data shows. Too often provincial towns and cities don't have the employment infrastructure to ensure career progression, notably in professions like law and accountancy. Those from wealthier backgrounds are more likely to be able to make that kind of move, with the resources and support to grab opportunities wherever they may be. Some believe devolving power and prestige to local government and combined authorities is the way to ensure a more even spread of growth and new jobs - and make the country less reliant on London. In England, the Northern Powerhouse and Midlands Engine are initiatives to achieve just that within the wider industrial strategy. But there are concerns that not enough resources are available to achieve significant structural change.
A:
Inequality will remain entrenched "from birth to work" unless the government takes urgent action, the Social Mobility Commission has warned.