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Q: By Marianna SpringSpecialist disinformation reporter, BBC News The adverts show the Democratic Party challenger with an earpiece, and say that he refused to have his ears checked for devices prior to the debate. The Biden campaign rejected the claims. The Trump campaign adverts ask: "Why won't Sleepy Joe commit to an ear test?" and "Who is in Joe's ear?" Accusations that presidential candidates have received debate help via hidden hearing devices are familiar, albeit unproven. Such allegations have been levelled against both Republican and Democratic candidates in the past. Prior to Tuesday's debate, the rumour about Mr Biden's supposed earpiece was circulating on several social networks, and was being promoted by the Trump campaign. At least 15 versions The advertising campaign was launched after the debate, and also promotes two other baseless but widely shared rumours about Mr Biden. One suggested he asked for breaks during the debate, and another accused him of refusing a "drug test". The photo featured in the advert is not from Tuesday's debate. It was first shared online in September 2019. In a number of the adverts, it has been doctored to show Mr Biden wearing wireless Apple headphones. This was not the case in the original image. Some versions circle the ear featuring the headphone. By Wednesday evening, there were at least 15 different versions of the advert, and according to Facebook's Ad Library, they had reached at least 10 million users. Facebook has pledged to label posts containing voting misinformation and point users towards accurate information ahead of the election. However its policy does not involve fact-checking political speech, including in advertisements. The company declined to comment about the latest Trump ad campaign. Rumour origins Hours before the debate, the claims went viral on Facebook and YouTube. Identical memes were pushed by a number of popular Facebook pages with names such as US Conservative and Unhinged Left. They claimed "Joe Biden should be inspected for a hidden earpiece as well as submit to a drug test before the debate". These memes are subject to fact-checks - and some have had warning labels applied to them on Facebook. The claims were picked up by Fox News and other conservative news outlets. They were further amplified by supporters of QAnon, an unfounded a conspiracy theory that claims President Trump is fighting a secret war against elite Satan-worshipping paedophiles. Those who believe in QAnon are known for promoting political disinformation on social media which targets opponents of the president. They shared close-up pictures of Mr Biden's ears, alleging a listening device was visible. During the debate, some also shared photos of a fold in Mr Biden's shirt, claiming it was caused by a wire, and of a supposed device on his wrist, where he wears a rosary in memory of his late son Beau. Nothing new Conspiracy theories about secret listening devices have been recycled in presidential election campaigns for the past two decades. Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton faced similar unfounded claims ahead of the 2016 presidential election. In 2004, rumours circulated among left-wing sites and blogs that President George W Bush was being aided by a secret earpiece. None of those allegations were found to be true. Even if a candidate did wear an earpiece, any advantage would be questionable. As TV and radio presenters can attest, listening to someone while simultaneously talking during the back-and-forth of a live event is a difficult skill to master.
A: US President Donald Trump's re-election campaign is running hundreds of Facebook advertisements pushing an unfounded conspiracy theory that Joe Biden cheated during the first US presidential debate.
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Q: Six-year-old Lucas Walker was playing when he was swept away on Saturday. His mother, 37-year-old Julie Walker, tried to save him, but both died. His 13-year-old brother, Samuel, had also tried to help. Ross Greenhill, from Aberdeen Coastguard, said safety measures would be assessed. He told BBC Scotland: "There are lifeguards at certain times of the year, through the summer holidays for example there are lifeguards, they finish at about 4pm on most days. "There are however a number of lifesaving devices along the beach, pretty much every life ring in the area was brought to bear during this incident. "Some members of the public had got hold of these pieces of equipment and used them." 'Lovely little boy' Mr Greenhill explained: "We will be working with Police Scotland on this investigation to find out what happened. "We will also be speaking at some point to the local authority about safety systems that are in place, and we will look at whether there are any improvements that may be able to be made." Lucas was a pupil at Bramble Brae School in Aberdeen. Head teacher Amanda Murray said: "Pupils, teachers and the wider school community are deeply saddened and in a state of shock following the dreadful news of Lucas's and his mum's tragic deaths at the weekend. "Lucas, who had just started primary three, was a lovely little boy who was popular amongst his classmates and staff at the school. "On behalf of everyone at Bramble Brae School we would like to express our deepest condolences to Lucas's family and friends at this very sad and difficult time." 'Tragic event' Aberdeen City Council Leader Councillor Jenny Laing said: "Our undivided attention is in supporting Lucas's family as well as his schoolfriends. "We will be working closely with partners over this sad and tragic event and our thoughts are with the family. "As stated by Ross Greenhill, the Maritime and Coastguard Agency's coastal operations area commander, Aberdeen beach is well served by both signage and life safety equipment at the beach. "In addition to the Coastguard review, the Local Resilience Partnership which includes the city council will be carrying out a multi-agency review of the rescue and recovery efforts to ensure any lessons can be learnt." She added: "We would ask the media to respect this is a difficult situation for young children to come to terms with, and that you allow the whole of the school community to come together." The mother and son, from Aberdeen, were both taken to hospital but could not be saved. Lucas's brother was also pulled from the water, along with a man and a woman who had also tried to save the pair. Ch Supt Campbell Thomson said police were investigating a "very tragic incident", with officers searching the beach and nearby rocks. He said it was clear "heroic attempts" were made to save the mother and son. The emergency services were alerted to the incident at about 16:45 on Saturday. Four other people died in separate incidents in the seas around Britain over the weekend, with strong winds and high tides being blamed.
A:
The public safety measures in place at Aberdeen beach will be considered as part of an investigation into the deaths of a young boy and his mother.