Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
CHAPTER X. NOBLESSE OBLIGE 



The other won't agree thereto, So here they fall to strife; With one another they did fight About the children's life. Babes in the Wood. 

"I say, Aunt Cherry," said Adrian, "the fossil forest is to be uncovered to-morrow, and Merrifield is going to stay for it, and I'm going down with him." 

"Fossil forest? What, in the Museum?" 

"No, indeed. In Anscombe Cove, they call it. There's a forest buried there, and bits come up sometimes. To-morrow there's to be a tremendous low tide that will leave a lot of it uncovered, and Merrifield and I mean to dig it out, and if there are some duplicate bits they may be had for the bazaar." 

"Yes, they have been begging Fergus's duplicates for a collection of fossils," said Anna. "But can it be safe? A low tide means a high tide, you know." 

"Bosh!" returned Adrian. 

"Miss Mohun is sure to know all about the tides, I suppose," said Clement; "if her nephew goes with her consent I suppose it is safe." 

"If-—" said Mrs. Grinstead. 

Adrian looked contemptuous, and muttered something, on which Anna undertook to see Miss Mohun betimes, and judge how the land, or rather the sea, lay, and whether Fergus was to be trusted. 

It would be a Saturday, a whole holiday, on which he generally went home for Sunday, and Adrian spent the day with him, but the boys' present scheme was, to take their luncheon with them and spend the whole day in Anscombe Cove. This was on the further side of the bay from the marble works, shut in by big cliffs, which ran out into long chains of rocks on either side, but retreated in the midst, where a little stream from the village of Anscombe, or rather from the moorland beyond, made its way to the sea. 
1. What is happening tomorrow?
2. Who said so?
3. Who was he talking to?
4. Where was this to take place?
5. Who is staying for it?
6. What is going to cause it to be visible??
7. How are they going to gather the fossils?
8. Would they get to do something with the duplicates?
9. What?
10. Who thought it wasn't safe?
11. What would make it unsafe?

Numbered answers:
1. the fossil forest is to be uncovered
2. Adrian
3. Aunt Cherry
4. In Anscombe Cove
5. Merrifield
6. a tremendous low tide
7. dig it out
8. yes
9. for the bazaar
10. Anna
11. A low tide


Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. Evolutionary processes give rise to biodiversity at every level of biological organisation, including the levels of species, individual organisms, and molecules. 

Repeated formation of new species (speciation), change within species (anagenesis), and loss of species (extinction) throughout the evolutionary history of life on Earth are demonstrated by shared sets of morphological and biochemical traits, including shared DNA sequences. These shared traits are more similar among species that share a more recent common ancestor, and can be used to reconstruct a biological "tree of life" based on evolutionary relationships (phylogenetics), using both existing species and fossils. The fossil record includes a progression from early biogenic graphite, to microbial mat fossils, to fossilised multicellular organisms. Existing patterns of biodiversity have been shaped both by speciation and by extinction. 

In the mid-19th century, Charles Darwin formulated the scientific theory of evolution by natural selection, published in his book "On the Origin of Species" (1859). Evolution by natural selection is a process demonstrated by the observation that more offspring are produced than can possibly survive, along with three facts about populations: 1) traits vary among individuals with respect to morphology, physiology, and behaviour (phenotypic variation), 2) different traits confer different rates of survival and reproduction (differential fitness), and 3) traits can be passed from generation to generation (heritability of fitness). Thus, in successive generations members of a population are replaced by progeny of parents better adapted to survive and reproduce in the biophysical environment in which natural selection takes place.
1. Define evolution?
2. Who formulated the theory of evolution?
3. Name his book that he published?
4. what year?
5. Evolutionary processes give rise to what?
6. At what levels?
7. Existing patterns of biodiversity have been shaped by what?
8. Define Evolution by natural selection?
9. Successive generations of populations are replaced by what?
10. Do the DNA sequences have a role in Evolution?

Numbered answers:
1. Change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.
2. Charles Darwin
3. On the Origin of Species
4. 1859
5. Biodiversity
6. species, individual organisms, and molecules.
7. speciation and by extinction.
8. natural selection is a process demonstrated by the observation that more offspring are produced than can possibly survive,
9. Progeny of parents.
10. Yes.


Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
In August 1836, two real estate entrepreneurs—Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen—from New York, purchased 6,642 acres (26.88 km2) of land along Buffalo Bayou with the intent of founding a city. The Allen brothers decided to name the city after Sam Houston, the popular general at the Battle of San Jacinto, who was elected President of Texas in September 1836. The great majority of slaves in Texas came with their owners from the older slave states. Sizable numbers, however, came through the domestic slave trade. New Orleans was the center of this trade in the Deep South, but there were slave dealers in Houston. Thousands of enslaved African-Americans lived near the city before the Civil War. Many of them near the city worked on sugar and cotton plantations, while most of those in the city limits had domestic and artisan jobs. In 1860 forty-nine percent of the city's population was enslaved. A few slaves, perhaps as many as 2,000 between 1835 and 1865, came through the illegal African trade. Post-war Texas grew rapidly as migrants poured into the cotton lands of the state. They also brought or purchased enslaved African Americans, whose numbers nearly tripled in the state from 1850 to 1860, from 58,000 to 182,566.
1. Who was Sam Houston?
2. What else was important in his life?
3. In 1860 what percent of Houston's population was comprised by slaves?
4. Where did most of them come from?
5. Was there a slave trade in Houston?
6. Before the Civil War were there plantations near Houston?
7. What kind?
8. Were there slaves working on them?
9. What kind of work did slaves in the city do?
10. Were there a lot of slaves from African trade?
11. In 1860 what was the slave population?
12. Who founded the city?
13. Where did they come from?
14. What was their profession?
15. Was African slave trade legal?


Numbered answers:
1. a general at the Battle of San Jacinto
2. he was elected president of Texas
3. forty-nine
4. the older slave states
5. yes
6. yes
7. sugar and cotton plantations
8. yes
9. domestic and artisan jobs
10. a few
11. 182,566
12. Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen
13. New York
14. real estate
15. no