Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
CHAPTER XXVIII 

GERALDINE 

On reaching the Landing Andrew learned that Frobisher had returned and he rowed across to visit him. It was evening when he disembarked at the little pier. Geraldine came down across the lawn, and Andrew's heart beat fast as he watched her. She was wonderfully graceful, he thought, her white summer dress and light hat became her, there was a tinge of color in her face, and she was obviously eager to hear his news. She gave him a quick glance before they met, and then smiled in cordial welcome, for the man's expression was suggestive. He had lost his strained and anxious look, there was now an assured tranquillity in his bearing; he had not come back disappointed, and, for his sake, she rejoiced at this. Then as she gave him her hand and noticed the eager light in his eyes she grew suddenly disturbed. 

"You have been successful; I'm very glad," she said. 

"Yes," responded Andrew, holding her hand; "things have gone well with us, but except for the mineral recorder you are the first person I've told the good news to. That strikes me as particularly appropriate." 

"Why?" 

"I don't suppose I'd ever have found the lode if you hadn't encouraged me. I felt daunted once or twice. Then I ventured to think that you'd be interested." 

"I am interested," Geraldine assured him, gently withdrawing her hand. "You needn't doubt that. But won't you come up to the house?" 

Andrew laughed with a trace of awkwardness as he realized that he had been standing at the top of the uncomfortably narrow steps by which one reached the pier. 
1. who has returned?
2. did Andrew go to see him?
3. who was the first person he told his news to?
4. who was the second?
5. what was she wearing?
6. anything else?
7. did she seem pleased to see him?
8. what had Andrew found?
9. who had encouraged him?
10. how did she feel about his sucess?
11. where was Andrew standing?
12. where did she invite him?
13. did they hold hands?
14. is she interested in him?

Numbered answers:
1. Frobisher
2. yes
3. the mineral recorder
4. Geraldine
5. a white summer dress
6. a light hat
7. yes
8. the lode
9. Geraldine
10. very glad
11. at the top of the narrow steps
12. to the house
13. yes
14. yes


Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Christopher Columbus ( ; 20 May 1506) was an Italian explorer, navigator, and colonizer. Born in the Republic of Genoa, under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain he completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean. Those voyages and his efforts to establish settlements on the island of Hispaniola initiated the permanent European colonization of the New World. 

At a time when European kingdoms were beginning to establish new trade routes and colonies, motivated by imperialism and economic competition, Columbus proposed to reach the East Indies (South and Southeast Asia) by sailing westward. This eventually received the support of the Spanish Crown, which saw a chance to enter the spice trade with Asia through this new route. During his first voyage in 1492, he reached the New World instead of arriving in Japan as he had intended, landing on an island in the Bahamas archipelago that he named San Salvador. Over the course of three more voyages, he visited the Greater and Lesser Antilles, as well as the Caribbean coast of Venezuela and Central America, claiming all of it for the Crown of Castile. 

Columbus was not the first European explorer to reach the Americas, having been preceded by the Viking expedition led by Leif Erikson in the 11th century, but his voyages led to the first lasting European contact with the Americas, inaugurating a period of exploration, conquest, and colonization that lasted several centuries. These voyages thus had an enormous effect on the historical development of the modern Western world. He spearheaded the transatlantic slave trade and has been accused by several historians of initiating the genocide of the Hispaniola natives. Columbus himself saw his accomplishments primarily in the light of spreading the Christian religion.
1. Who led the Vikings?
2. When?
3. Who suggested to go to the East Indies?
4. When did he set off?
5. Where did he land?
6. Where did he want to land?
7. Where was he from?
8. What three things was he known for?
9. What is Columbus accused of by historians?
10. What was motivation for Spain to start these voyages?
11. How many voyages did he take in total?
12. In what ocean?
13. What trade did he help get more popular?

Numbered answers:
1. Leif Erikson
2. 11th century
3. Columbus
4. 1492
5. an island
6. Japan
7. Republic of Genoa
8. explorer, navigator, and colonizer.
9. initiating the genocide of the Hispaniola natives
10. establish new trade routes and colonies
11. Four
12. Atlantic Ocean
13. transatlantic slave trade


Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Chad, officially the Republic of Chad ( '; "Republic of the Chad"), is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest and Niger to the west. It is the fifth largest country in Africa in terms of area. 

Chad has several regions: a desert zone in the north, an arid Sahelian belt in the centre and a more fertile Sudanian Savanna zone in the south. Lake Chad, after which the country is named, is the largest wetland in Chad and the second-largest in Africa. The capital N'Djamena is the largest city. 

Chad's official languages are Arabic and French. Chad is home to over 200 different ethnic and linguistic groups. The religions of Chad are Islam (at 55%), followed by Christianity (at 40%). 

Beginning in the 7th millennium BC, human populations moved into the Chadian basin in great numbers. By the end of the 1st millennium BC, a series of states and empires had risen and fallen in Chad's Sahelian strip, each focused on controlling the trans-Saharan trade routes that passed through the region. France conquered the territory by 1920 and incorporated it as part of French Equatorial Africa. In 1960, Chad obtained independence under the leadership of François Tombalbaye. Resentment towards his policies in the Muslim north culminated in the eruption of a long-lasting civil war in 1965. In 1979 the rebels conquered the capital and put an end to the south's hegemony. However, the rebel commanders fought amongst themselves until Hissène Habré defeated his rivals. He was overthrown in 1990 by his general Idriss Déby. Since 2003 the Darfur crisis in Sudan has spilt over the border and destabilised the nation, with hundreds of thousands of Sudanese refugees living in and around camps in eastern Chad. Unsustainable high birth rates and a lack of agriculture let the country persist in poverty.
1. roughly how many zones is Chad divided into?
2. what type of region is in the South?
3. and in the North?
4. what is in the middle?
5. what is the official name for the country?
6. what is the country named after?
7. is that the largest wetland in Africa?
8. what is its rank?


Numbered answers:
1. three
2. a Sudanian Savanna zone
3. a desert zone
4. an arid belt
5. the Republic of Chad
6. Lake Chad
7. no
8. second-largest