TASK DEFINITION: Given a passage and a query based on the passage, generate an unambiguous, concise and simple answer to the query from information in the passage. Note that the answer may not be present in exact form.
PROBLEM: Quick Guide Symptoms of Mono: Infectious Mononucleosis Treatment What tests do health care professionals use to diagnose infectious mono? The diagnosis of mono is suspected by the doctor based on the above symptoms and signs. Mononucleosis, or mono, has a wide range of symptoms, which can make it hard to diagnose. You’ll need to see your doctor to find out if you have it. Your doctor will give you a complete physical exam. You may get a throat culture to rule out strep throat, which has symptoms that are similar to mono. Your doctor may also take a sample of blood to check for abnormal white blood cells. You may also get a heterophile antibody test. It checks your blood for special antibodies that your body makes to fight off a viral infection. Your physician will start by taking a complete medical history, and will then perform a physical exam to see if there are any signs of infection. If mono is suspected, the doctor will order a blood test, known as a heterophil or monospot test, to confirm the diagnosis. Are blood tests always definitive? The monospot test is not perfect. Infectious mononucleosis is a contagious illness sometimes called mono. Learn about its symptoms, transmission, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Skip directly to search Skip directly to A to Z list Skip directly to navigation Skip directly to page options Skip directly to site content If you have heterophile antibodies in your blood, then your monospot test is positive.. A positive monospot test accompanied by the symptoms of mono results in a diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis. However, monospot tests can be false-positive, about 10-15% of the time, particularly in early stages of the illness. Serological tests take longer time than the heterophile antibody test, but are more accurate. Physical examination The presence of an enlarged spleen, and swollen posterior cervical, axillary, and inguinal lymph nodes are the most useful to suspect a diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis. Serious complications are uncommon, occurring in less than 5% of cases: 1  CNS complications include meningitis, encephalitis, hemiplegia, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and transverse myelitis. Prior infectious mononucleiosis has been linked to the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). If the mono test is persistently negative, a test specific for EBV antibodies may be used to help confirm or rule out the presence of an EBV infection. A strep test may also be ordered along with a mono test to determine whether a person's sore throat is due to strep throat (group A streptococcal infection) instead of or in addition to mononucleosis. Best Answer: Mono tests include: Monospot test (heterophil test). This quick screening test detects a recent mono infection. A sample of blood is placed on a microscope slide and mixed with other substances. If mono is present, the blood clumps (agglutinates). Monospot testing can usually detect antibodies 2 to 9 weeks after a person is infected. It generally is not used to diagnose mono that started more than 6 months earlier. EBV antibody test. For this test, a sample of blood is mixed with a substance that attaches to antibodies against EBV. Infectious mononucleosis (mono) is a contagious illness typically caused by the Epstein-Barr virus . This infectious disease can be spread by saliva, and the incubation period for mono is four to eight weeks. Query: how is mono tested for

SOLUTION: You may get a throat culture to rule out strep throat, which has symptoms that are similar to mono. Your doctor may also take a sample of blood to check for abnormal white blood cells. You may also get a heterophile antibody test. It checks your blood for special antibodies that your body makes to fight off a viral infection.

PROBLEM: Muffler: Muffler, device through which the exhaust gases from an internal-combustion engine are passed to attenuate (reduce) the airborne noise of the engine. To be efficient as a So that vehicle owners understand the importance of an exhaust system and the connected muffler, here is some basic information to explain the purpose of two main components, the Emissions Control System and the Catalytic Converter! The catalytic converter looks like a muffler and is located in the exhaust system in front of the muffler. Simply stated, hydrocarbons or carbon monoxide in the exhaust are converted to carbon dioxide and water as they pass over the catalyst. Heat is generated in the converter as it works to clean the exhaust. Muffler, also called silencer, device through which the exhaust gases from an internal-combustion engine are passed to attenuate (reduce) the airborne noise of the engine. To be efficient as a sound reducer, a muffler must decrease the velocity of the exhaust gases and either absorb sound waves or cancel them by interference with reflected waves coming from the same source. In the typical reactive design shown in the , the arrows indicate the flow of exhaust gas through a set of tubes and chambers inside the muffler. One important chamber is known as the Helmholtz resonator. This chamber is of a dimension carefully tuned to reflect and cancel sound waves of specified frequencies. Why is an Exhaust System and Muffler so important? If you need a new muffler or an inspection of your exhaust system, our Rum River mechanic will be happy to help you. 17 It is important to get the best-quality muffler to prevent engine exhaustion. Although there have been a lot of muffler choices available today, it is not that hard to spot the good ones. Just make sure that avoid imitation brands and only get those with OEM marks. More importantly, your car's exhaust system is never complete without a muffler to blow out these wastes out with. The muffler is basically a silencer or a device that reduces the noise of your car's exhaust system. Mufflers may have no place in some racecar drivers' vehicles, but for regular street-drivers like you, it's important that your vehicle sports a reliable muffler. Also called a 'silencer', it helps tone down your engine's exhaust sounds to more aurally-pleasing notes. In the typical reactive design shown in the illustration, the arrows indicate the flow of exhaust gas through a set of tubes and chambers inside the muffler. One important chamber is known as the Helmholtz resonator. This chamber is of a dimension carefully tuned to reflect and cancel sound waves of specified frequencies. Query: how important are muffler

SOLUTION: Mufflers are important to prevent engine exhaustion.

PROBLEM: The number of days a cat is in heat varies. If the queen is not bred, the heat phase may last as little as 2 days or as long as 19 days. In the early spring, some females do not completely come out of heat, and instead the signs of heat just wax and wane. Not spayed female cat stopped going into heat by: MirandaFoxtrot Other than my *indoor only female cat*, not spayed, that stopped going into heat about 2 years ago, I have three other *indoor only* cats. I have her male kitten that is now 3 yrs old, he is neutered. Best Answer: For a house cat - six months is the standard time to have them spayed. For a cat that lives outdoors they may go into heat sooner - as soon as four to five months old. Your cat may very well be in heat. You have a couple of different options. Most vets charge a substantional amount extra to spay a female in heat. Tips About Spaying. Unless she is a qualified pedigreed breeder, your female cat should be spayed. It will not only cease the uncomfortable heat cycles but prevent certain serious medical problems. Your veterinarian may be able to give your female cat hormones to stop the oestrus if spaying is not immediately possible. Female cats as young as four months can go into oestrus. Cat Reproductive Health. Your Guide to Mating and Conception in Cats. Cat FAQs. How to Tell If a Cat Is Male or Female. Cat Health & Wellness. At what age does a cat go into heat? Cats will generally start going into heat roughly around six months of age. It can vary, of course, and it also depends on whether the cat hits that age during the breeding season. After six months old, they will start doing it if they are not spayed roughly from March to October. In some kittens, the cycles start as young as four or five months old. Quick Answer. WebMD states that female cats go into heat several times during the year unless they are being bred. The heat cycle is influenced by the seasons, and is activated when there are 12 hours of daylight. Other factors include the temperature of the environment and the presence of other cats. Best Answer: Your kitten can be in heat from the age of 4 months. If your cat hasnt mated, she will go into heat as soon as every two to three weeks, several times each year, until she either mates or is spayed. If you cant get your cat spayed then your vet may be able to give her pills (hormones) to stop her cycle. You can spay as early as 8 weeks of age, but check with your veterinarian. If a cat is already in heat, some vets may wait until the cycle is over before performing the spay. Remember: Cats do not need to have a litter of kittens before they are spayed. Reproducing does not make them more affectionate, alter personalities or solve any problems. It does add to pet overpopulation. Read more about cats and reproduction on Catster.com: 1  The 5 Stages of Cat Pregnancy. 2  4 Signs of a Cat in Heat. 3  MORE of What to Expect When You’re Expecting (to Give Birth to a Cat) This means that while feral cats have a breeding season, with kittens born in the spring and early autumn, your house cat can go into heat at any time, and will probably do so every three to four weeks. Query: at what age does a cat start to go in heat

SOLUTION:
Cats will generally start going into heat roughly around six months of age.

