input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Protagoras was among the great teachers of ancient Athens. He taught many subjects, including the laws of argument and the right use of language. It is said that he was the first teacher to accept money for his services. 

A student, Evalthus, heard of this famous teacher and asked him to give him lessons. However, Evalthus didn't want to pay for his lessons at once, and after some discussion it was finally agreed between them that Evalthus should pay only if he won his first case in the court. For if he won, it would prove that he had been taught well. 

The lessons began and Evalthus proved himself to be a good student. But he refused to pay Protagoras anything at the end of his studies. 

Protagoras therefore took Evalthus to the court and told the judges that he wanted his money. He explained that he must be paid whether he won or lost the case. "Whatever you decide," he declared to the judges, " I must be paid. For if you decide in my fovor , then I win the case, and so I must be paid . But If you decide against me, then Evalthus has won his first case in the court; according to our agreement, he must pay his lessons. Therefore I shall get my money whatever happens." 

The Athenian judges found no fault in it, so they asked Evalthus to reply. 

"No, it's quite clear," said Evalthus, " that I need not pay. If the judged decide in my favor, then I have won the case, and I need not to pay. But if Protagoras wins, then I have lost my first case. Therefore, according to our agreement, I do not have to pay. So I need not pay in any event." 

As both arguments appeared to be faultless, the judges were unable to come to a decision. They therefore ordered the two men to appear before them again one hundred years later. 1. Who took Evalthus to court?
2. Who was Protagoras?
3. What was he the first teacher to do?
4. Who was Evalthus?
5. What did he ask Protagoras to do?
6. Did Evalthus pay right away?
7. When did he say he'd pay?
8. What did Protagoras explain to the judges about getting paid?
9. Were the judges able to come to a decision?
10. When were the two supposed to come back?
11. Was Evalthus a bad student?
12. What did he refuse to do?
13. Why weren't the judges able to make a decision?
numbered_answers: 1. Protagoras
2. a teacher of ancient Athens.
3. accept money for his services
4. A student
5. give him lessons
6. No
7. once won his first case in the court
8. he must be paid whether he won or lost
9. No
10. one hundred years later
11. Yes
12. he refused to pay
13. both arguments were faultless

input: Project Gutenberg (PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks". It was founded in 1971 by Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital library. Most of the items in its collection are the full texts of public domain books. The project tries to make these as free as possible, in long-lasting, open formats that can be used on almost any computer. , Project Gutenberg reached 50,000 items in its collection. 

The releases are available in plain text but, wherever possible, other formats are included, such as HTML, PDF, EPUB, MOBI, and Plucker. Most releases are in the English language, but many non-English works are also available. There are multiple affiliated projects that are providing additional content, including regional and language-specific works. Project Gutenberg is also closely affiliated with Distributed Proofreaders, an Internet-based community for proofreading scanned texts. 

Project Gutenberg was started by Michael Hart in 1971 with the digitization of the United States Declaration of Independence. Hart, a student at the University of Illinois, obtained access to a Xerox Sigma V mainframe computer in the university's Materials Research Lab. Through friendly operators, he received an account with a virtually unlimited amount of computer time; its value at that time has since been variously estimated at $100,000 or $100,000,000. Hart has said he wanted to "give back" this gift by doing something that could be considered to be of great value. His initial goal was to make the 10,000 most consulted books available to the public at little or no charge, and to do so by the end of the 20th century. 1. What is the article about?
2. And what does this project do?
3. when did it start?
4. What is a format used?
5. another?
6. another format?
7. What language is most often used?
8. Who started it all?
9. what was the first item done?
10. Where did he start out?
11. On what device?
12. Located where?
13. In where?
14. worth how much? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. Project Gutenberg
2. digitize and archive cultural works
3. 1971
4. plain text
5. HTML
6. PDF
7. English
8. Michael Hart
9. United States Declaration of Independence
10. his university's Materials Research Lab
11. Xerox Sigma V mainframe computer
12. the University of Illinois
13. the university's Materials Research Lab
14. there are various estimates

Q: The phrase "51st state" can be used in a positive sense, meaning that a region or territory is so aligned, supportive, and conducive with the United States, that it is like a U.S. state. It can also be used in a pejorative sense, meaning an area or region is perceived to be under excessive American cultural or military influence or control. In various countries around the world, people who believe their local or national culture has become too Americanized sometimes use the term "51st state" in reference to their own countries. 

Under Article IV, Section Three of the United States Constitution, which outlines the relationship among the states, Congress has the power to admit new states to the union. The states are required to give "full faith and credit" to the acts of each other's legislatures and courts, which is generally held to include the recognition of legal contracts, marriages, and criminal judgments. The states are guaranteed military and civil defense by the federal government, which is also obliged by Article IV, Section Four, to "guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government".

Answer the following questions:
1. Is 51st state positive or negative?
2. What's an example of a positive use?
3. How about a negative use?
4. Who has the ability to actually make one?
5. What gives them that ability?
6. Would the new state be given assured protection?
7. What else?
8. What would they be required to give in return?
9. What will the 51st state be?
10. Would a marriage in Texas need to be honored in the 51st state?
A:
1. Both
2. a region or territory is so aligned with the United States, that it is like a U.S. state
3. an area or region is perceived to be under excessive American cultural or military influence
4. Congress
5. the United States Constitution
6. Yes
7. a republican form of government
8. "full faith and credit" to the acts of each other's legislatures
9. unknown
10. Yes