Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
CHAPTER XIII. 

AUGUST 1ST, 1714. 

"Does my mistress know of this?" Esmond asked of Frank, as they walked along. 

"My mother found the letter in the book, on the toilet-table. She had writ it ere she had left home," Frank said. "Mother met her on the stairs, with her hand upon the door, trying to enter, and never left her after that till she went away. He did not think of looking at it there, nor had Martin the chance of telling him. I believe the poor devil meant no harm, though I half killed him; he thought 'twas to Beatrix's brother he was bringing the letter." 

Frank never said a word of reproach to me for having brought the villain amongst us. As we knocked at the door I said, "When will the horses be ready?" Frank pointed with his cane, they were turning the street that moment. 

We went up and bade adieu to our mistress; she was in a dreadful state of agitation by this time, and that Bishop was with her whose company she was so fond of. 

"Did you tell him, my lord," says Esmond, "that Beatrix was at Castlewood?" The Bishop blushed and stammered: "Well," says he, "I . . ." 

"You served the villain right," broke out Mr. Esmond, "and he has lost a crown by what you told him." 

My mistress turned quite white, "Henry, Henry," says she, "do not kill him." 

"It may not be too late," says Esmond; "he may not have gone to Castlewood; pray God, it is not too late." The Bishop was breaking out with some banale phrases about loyalty, and the sacredness of the Sovereign's person; but Esmond sternly bade him hold his tongue, burn all papers, and take care of Lady Castlewood; and in five minutes he and Frank were in the saddle, John Lockwood behind them, riding towards Castlewood at a rapid pace. 
1. What was found in a book?
2. by whom?
3. Where was it?
4. Who was the letter being brought to?
5. Where was Beatrix?
6. What was Esmond and Frankl doinf first?

Numbered answers:
1. a letter
2. mother
3. on the toilet-table
4. Beatrix's brother
5. Castlewood
6. bade adieu to our mistress


Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
PARIS, France (CNN) -- Hundreds of French workers, angry about proposed layoffs at a Caterpillar factory, were holding executives of the company hostage Tuesday, a spokesman for the workers said. 

Caterpillar's French staff say they are angry about a lack of negotiations over layoffs. 

It is at least the third time this month that French workers threatened with cutbacks have blockaded managers in their offices to demand negotiations. Executives were released unharmed in both previous situations. 

The latest incident started Tuesday morning at the office of the construction equipment company in the southeastern city of Grenoble. 

The workers were angry that Caterpillar had proposed cutting more than 700 jobs and would not negotiate, said Nicolas Benoit, a spokesman for the workers' union. 

They did not want to harm the Caterpillar executives, Benoit told CNN. 

One hostage was released Tuesday evening leaving workers with four captives inside the Caterpillar building. 

The released man was a human resources director identified only as Mr. Petit, because he has heart problems, union representative Bernard Patrick told CNN. Petit had a heart attack a few weeks ago, Patrick said. 

The four others still being held are Nicolas Polutnik, the head of operations; two other executives; and Petit's personal assistant, he said. 

About 500 employees were also outside the building protesting. 

A top Caterpillar executive called the hostage-taking unhelpful. 

"The actions that are taking place today, led by a small minority of individuals, are not helping as we work for a positive resolution of this situation," said Chris Schena, Caterpillar vice president with responsibility for manufacturing operations in Europe, Africa and the Middle East, in a statement. 
1. Who was angry?
2. From what country?
3. Why were they angry?
4. How many people would be laid off?
5. Was the company willing to compromise?
6. What did they do to express their anger?
7. When?
8. Did they let anyone out?
9. Who?
10. Why?
11. How many others did they keep inside?
12. Were they trying to hurt them?
13. What city did this incident start in?
14. How many people were protesting in front of the building?
15. What was the company called?
16. Who is its vice president?
17. What does Bernard Patrick do?
18. Who did he speak to?
19. How many workers participated in the hostage situation?
20. Who is a spokesman for the workers' union?

Numbered answers:
1. workers
2. France
3. proposed layoffs
4. more than 700
5. no
6. they held executives hostage
7. Tuesday
8. yes
9. Mr. Petit
10. he has heart problems
11. four
12. no
13. Grenoble
14. About 500
15. Caterpillar
16. Chris Schena
17. union representative
18. CNN
19. Hundreds
20. Nicolas Benoit


Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human being with malice aforethought. This state of mind may, depending upon the jurisdiction, distinguish murder from other forms of unlawful homicide, such as manslaughter. Manslaughter is a killing committed in the absence of "malice", brought about by reasonable provocation, or diminished capacity. "Involuntary" manslaughter, where it is recognized, is a killing that lacks all but the most attenuated guilty intent, recklessness. 

Most societies consider murder to be a very serious crime, and thus believe that the person charged should receive harsh punishments for the purposes of retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, or incapacitation. In most countries, a person convicted of murder generally faces a long-term prison sentence, possibly a life sentence; and in a few, the death penalty may be imposed. 

The modern English word "murder" descends from the Proto-Indo-European "mrtró" which meant "to die". The Middle English "mordre" is a noun from Anglo-Saxon "morðor" and Old French "murdre". Middle English "mordre" is a verb from Anglo-Saxon "myrdrian" and the Middle English noun. 

The eighteenth-century English jurist William Blackstone (citing Edward Coke), in his "Commentaries on the Laws of England" set out the common law definition of murder, which by this definition occurs The elements of common law murder are:
1. What is the definition of murder?
2. What is the term for murder by recklessness?
3. And what is the term for murder that was provoked?
4. What sentence might a person found guilty of murder recieve?
5. Maximally called what?
6. What other alternative may be sentenced?
7. What word was murder derived from?
8. meaning?
9. Which jurist defined murder?
10. In what publication?
11. During which time period?
12. Whom did he cite?


Numbered answers:
1. unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse,
2. "Involuntary" manslaughter,
3. . Manslaughter
4. long-term prison sentence,
5. life sentence;
6. , the death penalty
7. Proto-Indo-European "mrtró"
8. "to die".
9. William Blackstone
10. "Commentaries on the Laws of England"
11. The eighteenth-century
12. Edward Coke