Q: Transportation and communication networks bring people together. Yet sometimes people themselves create barriers to transportation and communication. In some countries, laws stop people from moving freely from place to place. Over the centuries, many groups of people have been denied the freedom to travel because of their race, religion, or nationality. In the Middle Ages, for example, Jews were often forbidden to move about freely within certain cities. South Africa's government used to require black Africans to carry passes when they travel within the country. Some governments require all citizens to carry identification papers and to report to government officials whenever they move. Countries set up Customs posts at their borders. Foreign travellers must go through a Customs inspection before they are allowed to travel in the country. Usually travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas . Some countries even limit the number of visitors to their country each year.  Others allow tourists to visit only certain areas of the country, or they may require that travellers be with an official guide at all times during their stay. Many of those barriers to travel also act as barriers to communication. When two governments disagree with each other on important matters, they usually do not want their citizens to exchange news or ideas freely. Countries often try to keep military or industrial information secret. Today, people have the ability to travel, to communicate, and to transport goods more quickly and easily than ever before. Natural barriers that were difficult or dangerous to cross a hundred years ago can now be crossed easily. The barriers that people themselves make are not so easy to overcome. But in spite of all the different kinds of barriers, people continue to enjoy travel and the exchange of goods and ideas. Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage? A) Functions of Communication B) Barriers Made by People C) Restrictions on Transportation D) Progress of Human Society
A: B


Q: On February 3, a Laysan albatross , a large seabird, named Wisdom, which is 62 years old, hatched a healthy chick on a Pacific island near Hawaii,. It was the sixth year in a row this bird has hatched a chick. Wisdom's species normally lives only 12 to 40 years, while she is able to hatch healthy chicks into her 60s. At breeding time, the Laysan albatross will dig out a shallow nest in the ground. The female then lays a single egg. Both she and her mate will take turns incubating   the egg until it hatches. More than seven out of every 10 Laysan albatrosses' nests are on just one island -Midway Atoll. That's Wisdom's home. But her species spends most of its time in the air. In fact, biologists observe that after learning to fly, these birds may not set foot on land for the next three to five years. Albatrosses are powerful gliders  , With their six-foot, nearly two-meter, wingspan, Laysan albatrosses can ride wind currents for hundreds of miles or more. Biologists now estimate that Wisdom has flown for an unusually large number of miles-between two million and three million. That is equivalent to traveling from Earth to the moon and back-four to six times! And in the months when these birds are not breeding, they stay in the air, and even sleep there. Wild albatrosses often die long before they come close to Wisdom's age. Some are eaten. Others starve, get sick or suffer life-threatening injuries from people's fishing boats. Clearly, Wisdom is special. She may have raised as many as 35 chicks in her life. Which of the following is TRUE about albatrosses? A) The females are responsible for hatching the eggs. B) They can fly hundreds of miles or more in the wind. C) The females usually lay several eggs at a time. D) Most of them normally live more than 40 years.
A: B


Q: For some reason we were reminded that we primates  need love. Kim Bard of the University of Portsmouth in England and her colleagues carried out a study on 46 baby chimpanzees orphans , which had lost their mothers. The study showed that primate babies that have tight relationships with mother figures do much better on cognitive  ( ) tests than babies who only grew up with peers   , but this is not breaking news. In fact, it ' s old news.       In the 1950s, Harry Harlow did a series of experiments with baby monkeys that showed. that lack of love and comfort makes for a crazy monkey.       Harlow constructed a cage that included a wire monkey  "mother" with a plastic face. Then he equipped the  "mother" with a milk bottle .The cage also had another wire "mother" who was covered with soft cloth. The baby monkeys spent all their time with the cloth "mother" arid only went to the wire "mother" to feed. Harlow's monkey experiment was important because, at the time, child care experts, and everybody's grandmother had a  "no touch, no comfort" policy toward children. They advised parents not to respond to crying babies. They thought that babies should sleep alone to become independent, and for God's sake put that kid down.       But Harlow's work changed that policy. Mothers were soon permitted to have their babies next to them in the hospital.      The current chimp research based on Harlow's work shows that mother's love doesn't just make for a psychologically  healthy child, it also makes for a smart child.       The highly raised chimps do better than those that are not loved, and the well-raised chimps do even better than human kids on IQ tests.      We are primates, social animals which need love. We need to be held and talked to and made to feel that at least one person wants to be with us all the time. What would be the best title for the passage? A) Love makes kids smarter B) Primates need love C) No touch, no comfort D) How to develop cognitive abilities
A: A


Q: The US will have a new president this fall. Voters will decide between the Democratic candidate  , Hillary Clinton, and Donald Trump of the Republicans. But the voting is not a must for each person in the US. So quite a lot of people choose not to vote, especially the young generation. According to Fox News, one-in-five young voters between the ages of 18 and 35 said clearly that they wouldn't vote for either of the two candidates. Just 12 percent of voters aged 35-54, and only nine percent of voters aged 55 and older said the same thing. This is not only because young people don't like Clinton or Trump, according to theFortunemagazine. The truth is that they are traditionally less likely to vote than their parents. "Young people are not at an age in their life when they think politics or government has anything to do with them," said Rodd Freitag, a political science professor at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, US. "But for the older age groups, they have a home, they pay taxes  , they care about schools and the community." Many believe that the civic   education of an American youth is another reason why they don't vote. Students usually just do community services like cleaning the neighborhoods. This means they haven't learned how to link real life problems to politics through voting, according to Christopher Beem, a politics professor at the Pennsylvania State University. He said the country needs to help young people learn how to take part in politics and get them to see that they can make a difference. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A) US Young Not Voting B) US Young and Their President C) Young People's Power D) Voting for the New US President

A: A