Question: Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association beginning in January 1944, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. 

The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a major part of the film industry's awards season, which culminates each year in the Academy Awards. 

The 74th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film and television in 2016, was broadcast live on January 8, 2017. Jimmy Fallon hosted the show. 

In 1943, a group of writers banded together to form the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, and by creating a generously distributed award called the Golden Globe Award, they now play a significant role in film marketing. The 1st Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking, was held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at various venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel, and the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel. 

In 1950, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association made the decision to establish a special honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as an international figure within the entertainment industry, the first award was presented to director and producer, Cecil B. DeMille. The official name of the award thus became the Cecil B. DeMille Award. 1. When was the Hollywood Foreign Press Association started?
2. What award are they responsible for?
3. When did that start?
4. When was the first award given?
5. Where?
6. Was that the permanent site of the ceremonies?
7. What are a couple others?
8. How often do the give the awards?
9. What industry is it for?
10. Is this only for Americans?
11. Who was the host of the 17th Awards?
12. What about the 74th?
13. Where was it?
14. When was it?
15. Who had an award named after them?
16. What role do they play in film making?
17. What year was the first one given?
18. What kind of figure gets this award?
19. How many members are in the association?
20. How much does an award cost? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. 1943
2. Golden Globe Award
3. 1943
4. January 1944
5. 20th Century-Fox studios
6. no
7. Beverly Hills Hotel, and the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel.
8. annually
9. film
10. no
11. unknown
12. Jimmy Fallon
13. unknown
14. January 8, 2017
15. Cecil B. DeMille
16. director
17. 1950
18. international figures within the entertainment industry
19. 93
20. unknown


Question: CHAPTER XII. LUCREZIA'S THIRD MARRIAGE 

At about the same time that Burchard was making in his Diarium those entries which reflect so grossly upon the Pope and Lucrezia, Gianluca Pozzi, the ambassador of Ferrara at the Vatican, was writing the following letter to his master, Duke Ercole, Lucrezia's father-in-law elect: 

"This evening, after supper, I accompanied Messer Gerardo Saraceni to visit the Most Illustrious Madonna Lucrezia in your Excellency's name and that of the Most Illustrious Don Alfonso. We entered into a long discussion touching various matters. In truth she showed herself a prudent, discreet, and good-natured lady."(1) 

1 See Gregorovius's Lucrezia Borgia. 

The handsome, athletic Cardinal Ippolito d'Este, with his brothers Sigismondo and Fernando, had arrived in Rome on December 23 with the imposing escort that was to accompany their brother Alfonso's bride back to Ferrara. 

Cesare was prominent in the welcome given them. Never, perhaps, had he made greater display than on the occasion of his riding out to meet the Ferrarese, accompanied by no fewer than 4,000 men-at-arms, and mounted on a great war-horse whose trappings of cloth of gold and jewels were estimated at 10,000 ducats. 

The days and nights that followed, until Lucrezia's departure a fortnight later, were days and nights of gaiety and merry-making at the Vatican; in banquets, dancing, the performance of comedies, masques, etc., was the time made to pass as agreeably as might be for the guests from Ferrara, and in all Cesare was conspicuous, either for the grace and zest with which he nightly danced, or for the skill and daring which he displayed in the daily joustings and entertainments, and more particularly in the bull-fight that was included in them.  1. Who rode out to meet someone?
2. With how many people?
3. And on what?
4. With things worth how much?
5. How long was the party?
6. Was there dancing?
7. Did Cesare dance?
8. What ended the celebration?
9. Who was she to marry?
10. What character traits did she have?
11. What was her title?
12. Which of the brothers was getting married?
13. How many brothers did he have?
14. Where did they go?
15. When did they arrive?
16. Who wrote the letter?
17. What was his name?
18. To who did he write?
19. Named?
20. What was the future groom's title? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. Cesare
2. no fewer than 4,000 men-
3. a horse
4. 10,000 ducats
5. days and nights
6. yes
7. Yes
8. Lucrezia's departure
9. Duke Ercole's son
10. she was a prudent, discreet, and good-natured
11. the Most Illustrious Madonna
12. Alfonso
13. Two
14. Rome
15. December 23
16. the ambassador of Ferrara
17. Gianluca Pozzi
18. his master
19. Duke Ercole
20. Cardinal Ippolito d'Este


Question: In chemistry, the standard state of a material (pure substance, mixture or solution) is a reference point used to calculate its properties under different conditions. In principle, the choice of standard state is arbitrary, although the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) recommends a conventional set of standard states for general use. IUPAC recommends using a standard pressure "p" = 10 Pa. Strictly speaking, temperature is not part of the definition of a standard state. For example, as discussed below, the standard state of a gas is conventionally chosen to be unit pressure (usually in bar) ideal gas, regardless of the temperature. However, most tables of thermodynamic quantities are compiled at specific temperatures, most commonly or, somewhat less commonly, . 

The standard state should not be confused with standard temperature and pressure (STP) for gases, nor with the standard solutions used in analytical chemistry. 

For a given material or substance, the standard state is the reference state for the material's thermodynamic state properties such as enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, and for many other material standards. The standard enthalpy change of formation for an element in its standard state is zero, and this convention allows a wide range of other thermodynamic quantities to be calculated and tabulated. The standard state of a substance does not have to exist in nature: for example, it is possible to calculate values for steam at 298.15 K and 10 Pa, although steam does not exist (as a gas) under these conditions. The advantage of this practice is that tables of thermodynamic properties prepared in this way are self-consistent. 1. what is the standard state of a material? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers:
1. a reference point used to calculate its properties under different conditions