Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
GNU is an operating system and an extensive collection of computer software. GNU is composed wholly of free software, most of which is licensed under the GNU Project's own GPL. 

"GNU" is a recursive acronym for ""GNU's Not Unix!"", chosen because GNU's design is Unix-like, but differs from Unix by being free software and containing no Unix code. The GNU project includes an operating system kernel, GNU HURD, which was the original focus of the Free Software Foundation (FSF). However, non-GNU kernels, most famously Linux, can also be used with GNU software; as the Hurd kernel is not yet production-ready, this is how the GNU system is usually used. The combination of GNU software and the Linux kernel is commonly known as Linux (or less frequently GNU/Linux; see GNU/Linux naming controversy). 

Richard Stallman, the founder of the project, views GNU as a "technical means to a social end". Relatedly Lawrence Lessig states in his introduction to the second edition of Stallman's book "Free Software, Free Society" that in it Stallman has written about "the social aspects of software and how Free Software can create community and social justice." 

Development of the GNU operating system was initiated by Richard Stallman while he worked at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. It was called the GNU Project, and was publicly announced on September 27, 1983, on the net.unix-wizards and net.usoft newsgroups by Richard Stallman. Software development began on January 5, 1984, when Stallman quit his job at the Lab so that they could not claim ownership or interfere with distributing GNU components as free software. Richard Stallman chose the name by using various plays on words, including the song "The Gnu".
1. What is GNU?
2. What does Linux have to do with it?
3. Who was the founder?
4. How did he view GNU?
5. Did he write any books?
6. What was it called?
7. Who developed GNU?
8. Where was he working at the time?
9. When was the project announced?
10. What happened on January 5?
11. Who quit their job?

Numbered answers:
1. operating system
2. non-GNU kernels
3. Richard Stallman
4. "technical means to a social end"
5. Yes
6. "Free Software, Free Society"
7. Richard Stallman
8. MIT
9. September 27, 1983
10. Software development began
11. Stallman


Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
CHAPTER V 

For a number of days Michael saw only Steward and Kwaque. This was because he was confined to the steward's stateroom. Nobody else knew that he was on board, and Dag Daughtry, thoroughly aware that he had stolen a white man's dog, hoped to keep his presence secret and smuggle him ashore when the _Makambo_ docked in Sydney. 

Quickly the steward learned Michael's pre-eminent teachableness. In the course of his careful feeding of him, he gave him an occasional chicken bone. Two lessons, which would scarcely be called lessons, since both of them occurred within five minutes and each was not over half a minute in duration, sufficed to teach Michael that only on the floor of the room in the corner nearest the door could he chew chicken bones. Thereafter, without prompting, as a matter of course when handed a bone, he carried it to the corner. 

And why not? He had the wit to grasp what Steward desired of him; he had the heart that made it a happiness for him to serve. Steward was a god who was kind, who loved him with voice and lip, who loved him with touch of hand, rub of nose, or enfolding arm. As all service flourishes in the soil of love, so with Michael. Had Steward commanded him to forego the chicken bone after it was in the corner, he would have served him by foregoing. Which is the way of the dog, the only animal that will cheerfully and gladly, with leaping body of joy, leave its food uneaten in order to accompany or to serve its human master. 
1. Who was seen?
2. by who?
3. why?
4. why?
5. where was he confined?
6. what was stolen?
7. whose dog?
8. what did he do with it?
9. where?
10. where was he hid?
11. what was he fed?
12. where could he chew on them?
13. where?
14. was he kind?
15. did he serve someone?
16. did the dog love touch?
17. how many lessons are there?
18. how long were they?
19. what was the duration?
20. who carried the bone?

Numbered answers:
1. Steward and Kwaque
2. Michael
3. he was confined?
4. unknown
5. steward's stateroom.
6. a dog
7. n a white man's
8. smuggled him?
9. Sydney
10. the _Makambo
11. chicken bone.
12. only on the floor of the room
13. in the corner nearest the door
14. yes
15. yes
16. yes
17. Two
18. five minutes
19. half a minute
20. the dog


Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Three travelers, Allan, Carl and Paul were sitting on the chairs in a train station. They were waiting for a train that was very late. To pass the time, they began talking to each other. At first, they talked about the weather and their work. Then Paul said, "Tell me--what would you most like to do if your doctor tell you that you have only three months to live?" The other two men thought about this for a while, then Carl spoke. "Well," he said, "if I have only three months to live, I'll take all my money out of the bank and go to foreign countries for holidays with my best friend, Erik. I'd like to travel to the places in the world as many as possible. And I'll stay at the best hotels and then eat the best food. I think I'll have a wonderful time." "That's very interesting." Paul said. With these words, he turned to the other man, saying, "And what about you?" "I'll tell you a secret," Allan said. "I always want to be a racing driver. So if I have only three months to live, the first thing I'd like to do is to sell my house. With the money I'll buy the fastest car in the world. Maybe I can enter all the big motor races." Then he laughed, "I might even end up (......) world champion." "Now it's your turn," Allan went on, "If your doctor tell you the bad news, what would you most like to do?" "Oh," said Paul with a smile. "I'll go and see another doctor."
1. Who wanted to be a race car driver?
2. What did he want to buy?
3. Any kind of car?
4. For what purpose?
5. How would he afford it?
6. Who wished to travel?
7. Where did he want to go?
8. with whom?
9. Does he know Erik well?
10. Where would they stay?
11. How would he afford it?
12. Who came up with this hypothetical question?
13. And what was his answer?
14. How many men were discussing it?
15. Where were they?
16. Were they early?
17. Was the train late?
18. What did they talk about first?
19. and what else?
20. How late was the train?


Numbered answers:
1. Allan
2. A car
3. the fastest car in the world
4. To enter races
5. Sell his house
6. Carl
7. foreign countries
8. Erik
9. Presumably.
10. the best hotels
11. Remove money from the bank.
12. Paul
13. Visit a second doctor.
14. Three
15. a train station
16. No
17. Yes
18. weather
19. their work
20. very late