Read the text and answer the questions.

California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the Pacific coast, California shares borders with Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and the Mexican state of Baja California to the south. The state capital is Sacramento. Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second largest after New York City. The Greater Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nation's second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, respectively. California also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. 

California's diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast in the west to the Sierra Nevada mountain range in the east; and from the redwood–Douglas fir forests in the northwest to the Mojave Desert in the southeast. The Central Valley, a major agricultural area, dominates the state's center. Though California is well-known for its warm Mediterranean climate, the large size of the state results in climates that vary from moist temperate rainforest in the north, to arid desert in the interior, as well as snowy alpine in the mountains. 

What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries. The Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its successful war for independence, but was ceded to the United States in 1848 after the Mexican–American War. The western portion of Alta California then was organized and admitted as the 31st state on September 9, 1850. The California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom.

1. who first settled the land?
2. what happened in 1821?
3. how long did that last?
4. what caused an influx of people?
5. how does the state compare to others in population?
6. and size?
7. is it on the Atlantic Coast?
8. what mountains are in the east?
9. how many types of trees predominate?
10. overall what type of climate is there?
11. what's the weather int he mountains?
12. where is the capital
13. how many staes does it share a border?
14. what about other countries?
15. what is it?
16. are the redwood-fir forests in the southeast of the state?
17. What did the spanish empire call the area?
18. Did the gold rush cause a mass exodus of people leaving?
19. is LA County empty of people?
20. what's the desert in the southeast called?

Numbered answers:
1. various Native American tribes
2. The area became a part of Mexico
3. 27 years
4. The California Gold Rush
5. it is the most populous state
6. third most extensive
7. no
8. Sierra Nevada
9. One
10. warm Mediterranean climate
11. snowy
12. Sacramento
13. Three
14. One
15. Mexico
16. no
17. Alta California
18. no
19. no
20. Mojave