Problem: In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is the branch of algebra in which the values of the variables are the truth values "true" and "false", usually denoted 1 and 0 respectively. Instead of elementary algebra where the values of the variables are numbers, and the prime operations are addition and multiplication, the main operations of Boolean algebra are the conjunction "and" denoted as ∧, the disjunction "or" denoted as ∨, and the negation "not" denoted as ¬. It is thus a formalism for describing logical relations in the same way that ordinary algebra describes numeric relations. 

Boolean algebra was introduced by George Boole in his first book "The Mathematical Analysis of Logic" (1847), and set forth more fully in his "An Investigation of the Laws of Thought" (1854). According to Huntington, the term "Boolean algebra" was first suggested by Sheffer in 1913. 

Boolean algebra has been fundamental in the development of digital electronics, and is provided for in all modern programming languages. It is also used in set theory and statistics. 

Boole's algebra predated the modern developments in abstract algebra and mathematical logic; it is however seen as connected to the origins of both fields. In an abstract setting, Boolean algebra was perfected in the late 19th century by Jevons, Schröder, Huntington, and others until it reached the modern conception of an (abstract) mathematical structure. For example, the empirical observation that one can manipulate expressions in the algebra of sets by translating them into expressions in Boole's algebra is explained in modern terms by saying that the algebra of sets is "a" Boolean algebra (note the indefinite article). In fact, M. H. Stone proved in 1936 that every Boolean algebra is isomorphic to a field of sets.
1. When was Boolean algebra named?
2. By whom?
3. How are variables named?
4. Which one is false?
5. And true?
6. Who started this concept?
7. And his book was?
8. When was it published?
9. Did he write another one?
10. When?
11. And it's title?
12. How is it used in modern times?
13. Anything else?
14. What does it predate?
15. In what?
16. Who made it perfect?
17. In what era?
18. Who had a theory in 1936?
19. What was it?
20. Was it proven?
Answer: 1. 1913
2. Sheffer
3. "true" and "false",
4. 0
5. One
6. George Boole
7. The Mathematical Analysis of Logic
8. 1847
9. Yes
10. 1854
11. An Investigation of the Laws of Thought
12. development of digital electronics,
13. its provided for in all modern programming languages and is also used in set theory and statistics.
14. modern developments
15. abstract algebra and mathematical logic
16. Jevons, Schröder, Huntington, and others
17. late 19th century
18. M. H. Stone
19. every Boolean algebra is isomorphic to a field of sets.
20. yes

Problem: (WIRED) -- If you work for IBM, you can bring your iPhone to work, but forget about using the phone's voice-activated digital assistant. Siri isn't welcome on Big Blue's networks. 

The reason? Siri ships everything you say to her to a big data center in Maiden, North Carolina. And the story of what really happens to all of your Siri-launched searches, e-mail messages and inappropriate jokes is a bit of a black box. 

IBM CIO Jeanette Horan told MIT's Technology Review this week that her company has banned Siri outright because, according to the magazine, "The company worries that the spoken queries might be stored somewhere." 

Apple's new 'spaceship' campus: What will the neighbors say? 

It turns out that Horan is right to worry. In fact, Apple's iPhone Software License Agreement spells this out: "When you use Siri or Dictation, the things you say will be recorded and sent to Apple in order to convert what you say into text," Apple says. Siri collects a bunch of other information -- names of people from your address book and other unspecified user data, all to help Siri do a better job. 

How long does Apple store all of this stuff, and who gets a look at it? Well, the company doesn't actually say. Again, from the user agreement: "By using Siri or Dictation, you agree and consent to Apple's and its subsidiaries' and agents' transmission, collection, maintenance, processing, and use of this information, including your voice input and User Data, to provide and improve Siri, Dictation, and other Apple products and services." 
1. Who is the Chief Information Officer at IBM?
2. Who isn't allowed at IBM?
3. Who's that?
4. Does the iPhone license agreement say you can be recorded?
5. And sent to Apple so it can be?
6. What's something Siri saves?
7. What do they say is the reason for that?
8. Does Apple spell out who reads those texts?
9. Is it just when talking to Siri?
10. What else?
11. Where is the recorded info sent?
12. Where is it located?
13. Where's that?
14. What is IBM afraid will happen?
15. What is something you allow Apple to do with the info if you agree to their terms?
16. Does that include your recorded voice?
17. Just Apple?
18. Who else?
19. Do they store your user info, too?
20. What's IBM's nickname?
Answer:
1. Jeanette Horan
2. Siri.
3. Voice-activated digital assistant.
4. Yes.
5. Converted into text,
6. Names of people from your address book
7. To help Siri do a better job.
8. No.
9. No.
10. Dictation.
11. A data center.
12. Maiden.
13. North Carolina
14. The spoken queries might be stored.
15. Consent to Apple transmitting your data.
16. Yes.
17. No.
18. Their subsidiaries' and agents.
19. Yes.
20. Big Blue.