Q: The Vatican Apostolic Library (), more commonly called the Vatican Library or simply the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City. Formally established in 1475, although it is much older, it is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. It has 75,000 codices from throughout history, as well as 1.1 million printed books, which include some 8,500 incunabula. 

The Vatican Library is a research library for history, law, philosophy, science and theology. The Vatican Library is open to anyone who can document their qualifications and research needs. Photocopies for private study of pages from books published between 1801 and 1990 can be requested in person or by mail. 

In March 2014, the Vatican Library began an initial four-year project of digitising its collection of manuscripts, to be made available online. 

The Vatican Secret Archives were separated from the library at the beginning of the 17th century; they contain another 150,000 items. 

Scholars have traditionally divided the history of the library into five periods, Pre-Lateran, Lateran, Avignon, Pre-Vatican and Vatican. 

The Pre-Lateran period, comprising the initial days of the library, dated from the earliest days of the Church. Only a handful of volumes survive from this period, though some are very significant.

Answer the following questions:
1. When was the Vat formally opened?
2. what is the library for?
3. for what subjects?
4. and?
5. what was started in 2014?
6. how do scholars divide the library?
7. how many?
8. what is the official name of the Vat?
9. where is it?
10. how many printed books does it contain?
11. when were the Secret Archives moved from the rest of the library?
12. how many items are in this secret collection?
13. Can anyone use this library?
14. what must be requested to view?
15. what must be requested in person or by mail?
16. of what books?
17. What is the Vat the library of?
18. How many books survived the Pre Lateran period?
19. what is the point of the project started in 2014?
20. what will this allow?
A: 1. It was formally established in 1475
2. research
3. history, and law
4. philosophy, science and theology
5. a  project
6. into periods
7. five
8. The Vatican Apostolic Library
9. in Vatican City
10. 1.1 million
11. at the beginning of the 17th century;
12. 150,000
13. anyone who can document their qualifications and research needs.
14. unknown
15. Photocopies
16. only books published between 1801 and 1990
17. the Holy See
18. a handful of volumes
19. digitising manuscripts
20. them to be viewed online.

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Officials of the Chicago Transit Authority said they were investigating. The child, Nicole Hobson, was being taken by her mother to Children's Memorial Hospital about 11 P. M., Wednesday to check her recently inserted pacemaker. 

The child was stricken about a mile from the hospital. Her mother, May Hobson, 40, said, "I told the bus driver that my baby had just had heart operation and that she was having a heart failure. He said he couldn't go through the traffic." 

Ted Garretson, 28, a passenger who had tried to bring back Nicole's life, said the driver did nothing to help and stopped once to pick up more passengers. 

When the driver reached a corner where he was to make a turn, a block from the hospital, he told Mrs. Hobson to get off, she said. 

A transit spokesman said the driver should have made radio call to the control center for help.

1. who recently had heart surgery?
2. what should the driver have done?
3. where did he leave them off?
4. did the driver help?
5. who tried to bring Nicole back to life?
6. how old is Ted?
7. did the driver try to pick more people up?
8. who is looking into the situation?
9. where was May heading with Nicole?
10. what day?
11. what had recently been put into nicole?
12. what time were they going to the hospital?
13. what is the mother's name?
14. how old is she?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. Nicole Hobson
2. made radio call to the control center
3. a block from the hospital
4. no
5. Ted Garretson
6. 28
7. yes
8. Officials of the Chicago Transit Authority
9. Children's Memorial Hospital
10. Wednesday
11. a pacemaker.
12. about 11 P. M.
13. May Hobson
14. 40

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

(CNN) -- It began as horseplay, with two teenage stepbrothers chasing each other with blow guns and darts. But it soon escalated when one of the boys grabbed a knife. 

Michael Barton, Quantel Lotts' stepbrother, was stabbed to death at age 17. 

The older teen, Michael Barton, 17, was dead by the time he reached the hospital, stabbed twice.The younger boy, Quantel Lotts, 14, would eventually become one of Missouri's youngest lifers. 

Lotts was sentenced in Missouri's St. Francois County Circuit Court in 2002 to life in prison without parole for first-degree murder in his stepbrother's stabbing death. 

It made no difference that at the time of the deadly scuffle, Lotts was barely old enough to watch PG-13 movie and too young to drive, vote or buy beer. 

"They locked me up and threw away the keys," Lotts, now 23, said from prison. "They took away all hope for the future." 

His stepmother, the victim's mother, has forgiven Lotts and is working with lawyers to gain his release. 

Lotts is one of at least 73 U.S. inmates -- most of them minorities -- who were sentenced to spend the rest of their lives in prison for crimes committed when they were 13 or 14, according to the Equal Justice Initiative, a nonprofit organization in Alabama that defends indigent defendants and prisoners. 

The 73 are just a fraction of the more than 2,000 offenders serving life sentences for crimes they committed as minors under the age of 18. 

Across the country, most juvenile offenders and many adults are given a second chance. Charles Manson, convicted in seven notorious murders committed when he was 27, will be eligible for his 12th parole hearing in 2012. He's been denied parole 11 times. Even "Son of Sam" killer David Berkowitz, who confessed to killing six people in the 1970s when he was in his 20s, has had four parole hearings, though he has said he doesn't deserve parole and doesn't want it. 

1. Who was the youngest boy?
2. At what age?
3. How many teens did he kill?
4. Was he related to the deceased?
5. What weapons did they play with initially?
6. Which weapon was fatal?
7. What year did this occur?
8. In what state?
9. How many years was the sentence?
10. What was the official crime?
11. How many other youth received life sentences in the U.S.?
12. How many were only 13 or 14 at the time of their crime?
13. According to whom?
14. Based where?
15. Has Lott's stepmother forgiven him?
16. Does she want him to be released?
17. Who is she working with to that end/

Numbered answers:

A:
1. Quantel Lotts
2. Quantel Lotts, 14,
3. Quantel Lotts' stepbrother, was stabbed to death at age 17
4. stepbrother
5. Blow guns and darts
6. A knife.
7. 2002
8. Missouri
9. life in prison
10. first-degree murder
11. More than 2,000
12. 73
13. Equal Justice Initiative
14. Alabama
15. Yes
16. Yes
17. To gain his release.