Process:  - Put water in an ice cube tray - Put the ice cube tray in the freezer - Wait 5 to 6 hours - Take the ice cube tray out of the freezer - Bend the tray slightly to get the ice cubes out and into a drink.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there is less water available happens, how will it affect the ice will take longer to freeze.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: yes


Q: Process:  - Put water in an ice cube tray - Put the ice cube tray in the freezer - Wait 5 to 6 hours - Take the ice cube tray out of the freezer - Bend the tray slightly to get the ice cubes out and into a drink.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose a person needs to ice a body part happens, how will it affect water is poured into an ice tray.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A: yes


Question: Process:  - When water freezes it becomes 10% bigger, or takes up 10% more space - As water expands it puts great pressure on the walls of anything containing it, including any rocks which happen to be surrounding it - The force of the pressure exerted on the rock surrounding it is enough to wedge the walls of the crack farther apart, thus expanding and deepening the crack - Clay expends when wet like ice does - This causes rock to break apart - Some plants like mosses and lichens are capable of growing without soil on bare rock - When they do this their roots penetrate pores and crevices and cause rocks to split apart as the roots force their way down through the rocks -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose it is a good deal colder happens, how will it affect MORE or FASTER erosion of rocks.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Answer: yes


[Q]: Process:  - You breathe oxygen into your body through the nose or mouth - The oxygen travels to the lungs through the windpipe - The air sacs in the lungs send the oxygen into the blood stream - The carbon dioxide in the blood stream is transferred to the air sacs - The lungs expel through the nose or mouth back into the environment.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose global economic recession forces plants to close happens, how will it affect the area of the windpipe is decreased.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: no


input: Please answer the following: Process:  - Human beings burn fossil fuels (oil, gas, etc.) - Carbon dioxide from the burning fossil fuels enter the atmosphere - The make-up of the atmosphere changes - Some energy from the sun cannot escape back through the changed atmosphere - The earth begins to heat because of the extra trapped energy - Human beings cut down trees - Human beings do not re-plant the trees - Trees cannot help take the extra carbon dioxide from the atmosphere - The extra trapped energy starts to change the earth&#x27;s short term weather - Eventually the long-term climate patterns start to change -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less environmental regulation happens, how will it affect MORE global warming.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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output: yes


Process:  - Salt water is contained in a factory or plant - The water is boiled to a very high tempature - The salt becomes seperated from the water - The salt is removed - The water is able to be drank at this point.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose desalination is quicker happens, how will it affect LESS salt being removed from the water.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer:
yes