Process:  - A star burns in space - Eventually it burns all its hydrogen - Becomes a red giant - Once the red giant burns itself out - The core of the star collapses - The gasses will start to disperse - Only the core is left - A white dwarf has been formed.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there is more hydrogen in the star happens, how will it affect a LARGER white dwarf star.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: yes


Process:  - Contact is made with a virus - The virus enters the human or animal body - The virus goes to the part of the body that contains its food - The virus consumes part of the body or materials that the body uses - The virus replicates and spreads - The virus causes symptoms in the body as the immune system tries to expel the virus.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more contact is made with a virus happens, how will it affect LESS cells being damaged.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: yes


Process:  - Sunlight shines on plants - Cells with chlorophyll in them capture the light energy - Plants absorb carbon dioxide through their stoma - Plants absorb water through their roots and other parts of themselves - Plants absorb minerals through their roots - Plants convert these inputs into sugars - Sugars can be used as energy sources - Oxygen and water are also produced - Excess water and oxygen are released through stoma and other parts of the plant.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there will be less water for the plant happens, how will it affect MORE sugar and oxygen being produced.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer:
yes