Q: Process:  - Spores are dispersed into the air by a mature mushroom - The spores fall to the ground - The spores germinate - The spores begin to grow mycelium - The mycelium begin to sprout a bud - A new mushroom is formed.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less spores grow mycelilum happens, how will it affect LESS or SMALLER mushrooms.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A: yes

Q: Process:  - You eat food - Your stomach digests the food - Sugars from food enter your bloodstream - Insulin helps turn sugars into energy - Insulin helps your body store the energy in fat, muscle and liver cells -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there is more water in the clouds happens, how will it affect food is consumed by a person.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A: no

Q: Process:  - Some of the rock in the ground is made of limestone - Over long periods of time rain can hit the limestone - And cause a acidic reaction - The limestone will slowly disintegrate - A large gap with be where the limestone was - Result in the cave.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more healthy plants happens, how will it affect MORE or LARGER caverns.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A: no

Q: Process:  - To bake a cake you first need to gather your ingredients - Preheat the oven to desired baking temperature - Grease your preferred cake pan with crisco or butter or other non-stick spray - Add eggs and vegetable oil to the dry ingredients - Stir or whisk until all the dry flour has been absorbed - Pour the batter into the greased cake pan - Place cake pan into the oven for the required time - When a toothpick inserted into the cake comes out clean, the cake is done baking -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the cake is meant to be vegan happens, how will it affect a smaller quantity of butter is used.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A:
yes