In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[Q]: 7. child custody: appeal and error.
[A]: non-overruling


[Q]: inasmuch as the supreme court of the united states has directly held that a geographical term which was descriptive of the place where the articles were manufactured was not registrable even though it had acquired a secondary meaning, we must follow our decision in the overhead door case, supra, which is in harmony with the views of the supreme court, and in so far as the opinion in the case of in re plymouth motor corporation, supra, expresses a contrary view, it must be considered as overruled.
[A]: overruling


[Q]: under an estoppel theory, ""[a] nonsignatory is estopped from refusing to comply with an arbitration clause when it receives a 'direct benefit' from a contract containing an arbitration clause.""
[A]:
non-overruling


