Process:  - A photovoltaic cell is created with two layers of semiconductor material - The top layer are &#x27;doped&#x27; with impurities to allow a negative charge - The bottom layer are &#x27;doped&#x27; to allow for a positive charge - This produces an electric field that allows electrons to flow from negative to positve - Sunlight enters the cell - Energy from sunlight knocks electrons loose in both fields - This prevents the flow of electrons from negative to positive - Adding an external circuit allows the exchange to continue - Give the cells owner a flow of electricity.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there are less trees blocking the sunlight happens, how will it affect MORE solar power being generated.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: yes

Process:  - Air is drawn in through the mouth - The air goes down the esophagus - The air moves into the lungs - The carbon dioxide is removed - The remaining oxygen enters the body - The remaining carbon dioxide is expelled through the mouth.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the lung is healthy happens, how will it affect air is cleared to become oxygen.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: yes

Process:  - Air is taken through the mouth - Enters the lungs - The oxygen fills the sacs in your lungs - Carbon dioxide is removed from the lungs and exhaled - The oxygen is pass throughout your body.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there is no healthy air happens, how will it affect air is converted to oxygen in the lung.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: yes

Process:  - The bat sends out sound waves from their mouth or nose - The sound waves hit an object - Echoes are produced - The echo returns to the bat&#x27;s ears - The bat hears the echo - The bat can figure out where the object is located.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more air available happens, how will it affect WEAKER echolocation.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

Ans: no