Please answer this: Process:  - The saliva breaks down the chemicals in the food a bit, which helps make the food mushy and easy to swallow - Your tongue helps out, pushing the food around while you chew with your teeth - The esophagus moves food from the back of your throat to your stomach - Strong muscles in the walls of the stomach and gastric juices break down food in your stomach - Your stomach moves the food into the intestines to complete digestion -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose during fasting happens, how will it affect less amino acid absorption.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: yes


Please answer this: Process:  - Water comes through a filter - The filter has small pores to catch pollutants - The filter will catch chlorine, heavy metals, and other chemicals - The filter allows water and mineral ions like fluoride to pass through - The water on the other side of the filter is much cleaner -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose higher grade filter happens, how will it affect more chemicals in water.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: yes


Please answer this: Process:  - The carafe is filled with water - The water is poured into the machine at the back - Coffee beans are put into a grinder - The grinder is activated - A filter is put into the coffee maker - The ground coffee is put into the filter - Sometimes a bit of salt is added to the grounds to bring out flavor - The top of the machine is closed - The power is turned on - The water passes through the grounds and becomes coffee.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the water not being used in the machine happens, how will it affect MORE coffee being made.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer:
yes