Adverse drug reactions are appreciably harmful or unpleasant reactions resulting from an intervention related to the use of medical products, which predicts hazard from future administration and warrants prevention or specific treatment, or alteration of the dosage regimen, or withdrawal of the product. Given medical case reports extracted from MEDLINE, the task is to classify whether the case report mentions the presence of any adverse drug reaction. Classify your answers into non-adverse drug event and adverse drug event.

[Q]: Chronic hydroxychloroquine use associated with QT prolongation and refractory ventricular arrhythmia.
[A]: adverse drug event


[Q]: We describe a case of interstitial hypoxaemiant pneumonitis probably related to flecainide in a patient with the LEOPARD syndrome, a rare congenital disorder.
[A]: adverse drug event


[Q]: Four cases of oesophageal damage associated with ingestion of the urinary anti-spasmodic agent emepronium bromide are described.
[A]:
adverse drug event


