instruction:
In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling
question:
accordingly, we expressly overrule any cases that hold to the contrary.
answer:
overruling


question:
although the majority did not address the continued viability of vogel, it has effectively been overruled.
answer:
overruling


question:
there was no evidence that any worker had experienced any problems with the safety policy as practiced on the bargei.e., either chocking or chaining.
answer:

non-overruling


