Officials in a remote Russian city have drawn up a list of practical tips for locals on how to survive encounters   with bears, after growing numbers have wandered into the streets in search of food. Officials in the city of Syktyvkar drew up the guidelines to guide the local people, after several bears were caught sight of in the city, going hungry after a heat wave their usual diet of nuts and berries. The guide warns that city people there should stay calm and stand still if they meet with a bear. "Speak to the bear in a firm voice" and "Don't turn your back on it," it adds. In the worst case, if the bear attacks, the person should also be ready to attack, the guide says. "Shout angrily at it and look it straight in the eye," the guide advises. "Bears have started coming into the areas where people live more and more often," the city officials said in a statement. "Any encounter with a bear is unsafe for humans, so our task is to do all we can to prevent such accidents." In September, a bear attacked a 25-year-old man in a central street of the city, wounding him in the neck before he managed to run away, police said. "Three or four people who met with brown bears have been recorded recently," the head of the hunting department in the regional agriculture organization, Alexander said. Officials have asked police to patrol   streets close to wooded areas in the evenings. Syktyvkar is the regional capital of the remote Komi region in northwest Russia. Its population is just over 230,000. What can be inferred from Alexander's words? A) Bears have been seen frequently recently B) Bears like to wander around schools. C) Brown bears are usually very fierce. D) Too many bears have disappeared.
A


The "Bystander Apathy Effect" was first studied by researchers in New York after neighbors ignored--and in some cases turned up the volume on their TVs--the cries of a woman as she was murdered (over a half-hour period). With regard to helping those in difficulty generally, they found that: (1) women are helped more than men; (2) men help more than women; (3) attractive women are helped more than unattractive women. Other factors relate to the number of people in the area, whether the person is thought to be in trouble through their own fault, and whether a person sees himself as being able to help. According to Adrian Furnham, Professor of University College, London, there are three reasons why we tend to stand by doing nothing: (1) "Shifting of responsibility"-the more people there are, the less likely help is to be given. Each person excuses himself by thinking someone else will help, so that the more "other people' there are, the greater the total shifting of responsibility. (2) "'Fear of making a mistake''-situations are often not clear. People think that those involved in an accident may know each other or it may be a joke, so a fear of embarrassment makes them keep themselves to themselves. (3) "Fear of the consequences if attention is turned on you, and the person is violent." Laurie Taylor, Professor of Sociology at London University, says: "In the experiments I've seen on intervention  , much depends on the neighborhood or setting. There is a silence on public transport which is hard to break. We are embarrassed to draw attention to something that is happening, while in a football match, people get involved, and a fight would easily follow. " Psychotherapist Alan Dupuy identifies the importance of the individual: "The British as a whole have some difficulty intervening, but there are exceptional individuals in every group who are prepared to intervene, regardless of their own safety: These would be people with a strong moral code or religious ideals." Which phenomenon can be described as the "Bystander Apathy Effect"? A) When one is in trouble, people think it's his own fault. B) In a football match, people get involved in a fight. C) Seeing a murder, people feel sorry that it should have happened. D) On hearing a cry for help, people keep themselves to themselves.
D


Q: Washington D.C.is the capital of the United States. It's the center of the national government. It's a busy,working city with a large population. But what is more,Washington is also a city of history and culture. Washington was created in 1790,when Congress decided to place the nation's new capital in the east of the country. It was built halfway between the northern and the southern states of the America. And of course it was named after George Washington,the first President of the United States. There are many tourist sights in Washington. One of them is the White House. This is the home and office of the President of the United States. Most visitors are,however,surprised by how small the White House actually is. Washington is also a great culture city. The Library of Congress contains one of the largest library collections in the world. The Smithsonian Museum holds the nation's largest collection of cultural materials. And John F.Kennedy Center is a famous center of art and culture. It has many great musical and theatre performances throughout the year. The writer mainly talks about  _  . A) Washington B) the history of Washington C) buildings and sights in Washington D) the history and culture of Washington
A: D


*Question*
Tell our story, make your mark Havering is one of London's largest towns. It is a place of _ , from the shopping and nightlife of Romford to the cultural quarter of Hornchurch; from the industrial Thames riverside in Rainham to the ambitious regeneration  project in Harold Hill. The London Borough of Havering has a great story to tell, and we're looking for the right people to tell it. Campaigns and Marketing Manager A creative strategist  is needed to plan and deliver campaigns that change behaviour across the town and form Havering's reputation beyond its borders. Media Manager An experienced professional is required, who fully understands how the news media works and works well under pressure. You will manage a team of three, as well as our media message. Communications Business Manager As a senior member of the communications team, you will be part salesperson and part business strategist, with wide-ranging power to increase our commercial potential as much as possible and save taxpayers' money. Senior Media Officers Two experienced persons are needed to turn the stories that we talk about into the stories that everyone is talking about. Community Newspaper Journalist (12month contract at the beginning) Our community newspaper, Living, is being expanded as an energetic publication once every two weeks. We need an editor and a journalist or writer who produces brilliant copy, even against the tightest deadlines. Pay & grading award are yet to be decided for all posts. Full details are available on our website. For an informal conversation about these positions, please contact Mark Leech, Head of Communications, by calling 01708 434373. Any disabled applicants, meeting the necessary standards set out in the profile  for a job, will be guaranteed an interview. Please apply online via the Council's website at www.havering.gov.uk or contact the Recruitment Team at 01708 433039. Closing date for completed applications is Friday, 18th April 2008. Interviews will be scheduled for the week beginning 28th April 2008. We can learn from the passage that   _  . A) disabled applicants will be guaranteed an interview B) all the applicants will be interviewed on 28th April 2008 C) applicants should hand in the application forms before 18th April 2008 D) applicants can talk with Mark Leech about the position on the website
**Answer**

C