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In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.

NEW YORK (AP) — McDonald's is coming under intensifying pressure for labor practices at its U.S. restaurants. 
  
 FILE - This Oct. 17, 2011 file photo, cars move through the drive-thru window at a McDonald's in Springfield, Ill. McDonald's Corp. on Tuesday, July 29, 2014 said it has been notified by the National... (Associated Press) 
  
 The National Labor Relations Board said Tuesday that the world's biggest hamburger chain could be named as a joint employer in several complaints regarding worker rights at franchise-owned restaurants. The decision is pivotal because it could expose McDonald's Corp. to liability for management practices in those locations. 
  
 It also comes as protests for higher pay have captured national attention, with labor groups calling for pay of $15 an hour and the right to unionize. Organizers had been pushing to get McDonald's named as a joint employer at franchised restaurants, a move intended to give them a centralized and powerful target. 
  
 In the U.S., the vast majority of McDonald's more than 14,000 restaurants are owned and operated by franchisees. The same is true for many other fast-food chains, including Burger King and Yum Brands, which owns Taco Bell, KFC and Pizza hut. As such, the companies have sought to distance themselves from the pay protests by saying they don't determine wages at its franchised locations. 
  
 Heather Smedstad, senior vice president of human resources for McDonald's USA, said in a phone interview that the company has never been determined to be a joint employer in the past and that it would fight the decision by the labor board. 
  
 "This is such a radical departure that it should be a concern to business men and women across the country," she said. 
  
 Still, labor organizers say McDonald's should be held accountable because it has so much control in setting the terms for how its restaurants are run, including what menus, supplies, uniforms and training materials are used. 
  
 "There's really no doubt who's in charge," said Micah Wissinger, an attorney who brought a case on behalf of McDonald's workers in New York City. 
  
 In March, lawsuits on behalf of McDonald's workers in three states also detailed use of company software that monitors the ratio of labor costs as a percentage of sales at its restaurants. When that ratio climbs above a target, workers were forced to wait around before they could clock in, according to one of the suits. 
  
 McDonald's, based in Oak Brook, Illinois, has said it would investigate the claims. 
  
 In a call arranged by labor organizers, longtime McDonald's worker Richard Eiker also recounted how McDonald's regularly sends representatives to check up on how franchisees are running restaurants, including by standing outside the drive-thru to time how quickly cars go through. 
  
 "Managers go crazy when corporate comes in for these inspections," he said, adding that restaurants are constantly told to keep costs down. 
  
 The National Labor Relations Board said 181 cases involving McDonald's have been filed since 2012. For the 43 cases that were found to have merit, the board said McDonald's or its franchisees will be named as respondents if the parties fail to reach a settlement. 
  
 The other cases were found to have no merit or are still pending. 
  
 The International Franchise Association, which represents franchisees, has opposed the identification of McDonald's as a joint employer. The group also recently filed a lawsuit in Seattle challenging whether fast-food franchisees should be treated like large employers, thus subjecting them to a new $15 minimum wage at an earlier date than smaller businesses. 
  
 "If franchisors are joint employers with their franchisees, these thousands of small business owners would lose control of the operations and equity they worked so hard to build," the International Franchise Association said in a statement. 
  
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 Follow Candice Choi at www.twitter.com/candicechoi ||||| McDonald's shares responsibility for working conditions with its franchisees who operate roughly 90 percent of its restaurants, according to the National Labor Relations Board. 
  
 The decision, discussed Tuesday with McDonald’s and parties, is significant because McDonald’s has long maintained that its franchisees are independent owner-operators who set their own policies, including wages. 
  
 The Oak Brook-based hamburger chain quickly came out against the decision. 
  
 "This relationship does not establish a joint employer relationship under the law,” Heather Smedstad, senior vice president of human resources at McDonald’s USA, said in a statement regarding the corporation’s relationship with its franchisees. “This decision to allow unfair labor practice complaints to allege that McDonald’s is a joint employer with its franchisees is wrong. McDonald’s will contest this allegation in the appropriate forum.” 
  
  
  
 Trade groups that represent restaurants, retailers and franchisees also blasted the NLRB’s determination. 
  
 “The staff decision issued today by the National Labor Relations Board recommending that McDonald’s and its franchisees should be considered joint employers gives a whole new meaning to the word 'outrageous,'” National Retail Federation Senior Vice President for Government Relations David French said in a statement from the trade group. 
  
  
  
 McDonald’s and other fast food operators have been pressured by union groups in recent months to raise wages and improve working conditions. McDonald’s and other restaurant operators have said that franchisees are independent business owners who set their own policies. 
  
 Some worker activists said the decision was proof that McDonald’s has more control over its franchisees more than it said it does. 
  
 “The reality is that McDonald’s requires franchisees to adhere to such regimented rules and regulations that there’s no doubt who’s really in charge,” Micah Wissinger, an attorney at Levy Ratner who brought the case on behalf of McDonald’s workers in New York City, said in a statement provided by a public relations firm representing workers who are seeking a $15 hourly wage and union representation. 
  
 “The general counsel has weighed in, essentially telling the different regions of the NLRB to now include McDonald’s as an employer,” Wissinger said. 
  
 jwohl@tribune.com 
  
 Follow @JessicaWohl Follow @chibreakingbiz 
  
 Tribune reporter Alejandra Cancino contributed. |||||
Output:
McDonald's can't completely reject responsibility for the pay and working conditions of people in McDonald's uniforms serving McDonald's food at McDonald's restaurants, the National Labor Relations Board decided in a landmark ruling yesterday. The board said that the company could be considered a joint employer in worker rights complaints, despite its insistence that the franchisees who operate around 90% of its restaurants are independent operators in charge of setting wages and other policies, reports the Chicago Tribune. If the ruling holds up in appeals, which could go as far as the Supreme Court, it could make it a lot easier for fast-food workers to unionize amid a push for $15 hourly pay. McDonald's blasted the ruling as an "outrageous" and "radical" move that goes against decades of established law and could end up hurting businesses in other sectors, the AP reports. A lawyer for some of the McDonald's workers involved in the case, however, argues that McDonald's has so much control over its restaurants that it needs to accept responsibility for labor conditions. "The reality is that McDonald's requires franchisees to adhere to such regimented rules and regulations that there's no doubt who's really in charge," he says. A labor law professor at the University of Texas agrees. "Employers like McDonald's seek to avoid recognizing the rights of their employees by claiming that they are not really their employer, despite exercising control over crucial aspects of the employment relationship," he tells the New York Times. "McDonald’s should no longer be able to hide behind its franchisees."