In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question.

[EX Q]: Question: How old was Nusslein-Volhard when she won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine? Passage:The concept of the morphogen has a long history in developmental biology, dating back to the work of the pioneering Drosophila (fruit fly) geneticist, Thomas Hunt Morgan, in the early 20th century. Lewis Wolpert refined the morphogen concept in the 1960s with the French flag model, which described how a morphogen could subdivide a tissue into domains of different target gene expression (corresponding to the colours of the French flag). This model was championed by the leading Drosophila biologist, Peter Lawrence. Christiane Nusslein-Volhard was the first to identify a morphogen, Bicoid, one of the transcription factors present in a gradient in the Drosophila syncitial embryo. She was awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for her work explaining the morphogenic embryology of the common fruit fly. Groups led by Gary Struhl and Stephen Cohen then demonstrated that a secreted signalling protein, Decapentaplegic (the Drosophila homologue of transforming growth factor beta), acted as a morphogen during the later stages of Drosophila development.
 Links: a. Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard b. Lewis Wolpert c. Lewis Wolpert d. Transcription factor
[EX A]: a

[EX Q]: Question: What band(s) the artist whose song "Chamakay" Polachek contributed vocals belong to? Passage:In 2010, she joined Jorge Elbrecht of Brooklyn-based Violens to record a "sgin" of Justin Bieber's "Never Let You Go": "We went on YouTube to find a video among the highest ranks of hits, and came across 'Never Let You Go'. We went on to make what we call a 'sgin' (anagram of the word 'sing')—an original song written specifically to synch into someone else's video on mute". Caroline shot and directed video for Violens' "It Couldn't Be Perceived". Polachek and Elbrecht collaborated again in 2014 on two singles, "I.V. Aided Dreams (feat. Caroline Polachek)" and "Full Mental Erase (feat. Caroline Polachek)". In 2012, she sang with Ice Choir (solo project of Kurt Feldman of The Pains of Being Pure at Heart) on the song "Everything Is Spoilt by Use" and directed/edited its official video. Caroline contributed vocals to Blood Orange's "Chamakay" (2013), collaborating with Blood Orange again on "Holy Will" (2018). In late 2013, Polachek wrote and produced "No Angel", which was featured on Beyoncé's critically acclaimed fifth studio album, Beyoncé. Thanks to this song, at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards, she received a Grammy Award nomination for Album of the Year. Polachek then collaborated with PC Music's, Danny L Harle in early 2016 on the single "Ashes of Love". Polachek collaborated with felicita throughout his album "Hej!" (PC Music 2018) including an arrangement of the Polish traditional song "Byl Sobie Krol" (released under the title "Marzipan"), and with Charli XCX on Pop 2 (2017) on tracks "Tears (feat. Caroline Polachek)" and "Delicious (feat. Tommy Cash).
 Links: a. Danny L Harle b. Dev Hynes c. Beyoncé (album) d. Charli XCX
[EX A]: b

[EX Q]: Question: How many mixtapes did Tinie Tempah release before Krept and Konan were featured on Happy Birthday? Passage:In 2011, they released a cover of Jay-Z's and Kanye West's "Otis" which helped them rise to fame. The video reached five million views in its first five days of being uploaded to YouTube. However, with much pressure received from Jay-Z's legal team the video was removed from the duo's profile. Undeterred by the controversy, they released a cover of Drake and Lil Wayne's "The Motto", launched their own clothing line called Play Dirty and early into 2012 were invited to join the British rapper Skepta on his tour in the UK. They appeared on Tinie Tempah's 2011 mixtape Happy Birthday and in 2013 they released their third mixtape Young Kingz, with features from Chip, Tinie Tempah, G FrSH, Giggs, George the Poet, Yungen, Ari, Yana Toma, Fekky, Siah and Anthony Thomas. The album's promotional single "Don't Waste My Time" rose to fame in January 2014, with notable artists such as French Montana, Wretch 32, Chip, G FrSH, Double S, Lady Leshurr, Yungen, Sneakbo MNEK, Dru Blu, Jacob Banks and Dot Rotten all contributing to remixes of the track. Tinie Tempah also freestyled over the beat on Charlie Sloth's Fire in the Booth.
 Links: a. Chip (rapper) b. Zeph Ellis c. Tinie Tempah d. Lil Wayne
[EX A]:
c

