Part 1. Definition
Generate an appropriate single-sentence summary for the given text such that it includes the main topic of the text.
Part 2. Example
By Marianna SpringSpecialist disinformation reporter, BBC News The adverts show the Democratic Party challenger with an earpiece, and say that he refused to have his ears checked for devices prior to the debate. The Biden campaign rejected the claims. The Trump campaign adverts ask: "Why won't Sleepy Joe commit to an ear test?" and "Who is in Joe's ear?" Accusations that presidential candidates have received debate help via hidden hearing devices are familiar, albeit unproven. Such allegations have been levelled against both Republican and Democratic candidates in the past. Prior to Tuesday's debate, the rumour about Mr Biden's supposed earpiece was circulating on several social networks, and was being promoted by the Trump campaign. At least 15 versions The advertising campaign was launched after the debate, and also promotes two other baseless but widely shared rumours about Mr Biden. One suggested he asked for breaks during the debate, and another accused him of refusing a "drug test". The photo featured in the advert is not from Tuesday's debate. It was first shared online in September 2019. In a number of the adverts, it has been doctored to show Mr Biden wearing wireless Apple headphones. This was not the case in the original image. Some versions circle the ear featuring the headphone. By Wednesday evening, there were at least 15 different versions of the advert, and according to Facebook's Ad Library, they had reached at least 10 million users. Facebook has pledged to label posts containing voting misinformation and point users towards accurate information ahead of the election. However its policy does not involve fact-checking political speech, including in advertisements. The company declined to comment about the latest Trump ad campaign. Rumour origins Hours before the debate, the claims went viral on Facebook and YouTube. Identical memes were pushed by a number of popular Facebook pages with names such as US Conservative and Unhinged Left. They claimed "Joe Biden should be inspected for a hidden earpiece as well as submit to a drug test before the debate". These memes are subject to fact-checks - and some have had warning labels applied to them on Facebook. The claims were picked up by Fox News and other conservative news outlets. They were further amplified by supporters of QAnon, an unfounded a conspiracy theory that claims President Trump is fighting a secret war against elite Satan-worshipping paedophiles. Those who believe in QAnon are known for promoting political disinformation on social media which targets opponents of the president. They shared close-up pictures of Mr Biden's ears, alleging a listening device was visible. During the debate, some also shared photos of a fold in Mr Biden's shirt, claiming it was caused by a wire, and of a supposed device on his wrist, where he wears a rosary in memory of his late son Beau. Nothing new Conspiracy theories about secret listening devices have been recycled in presidential election campaigns for the past two decades. Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton faced similar unfounded claims ahead of the 2016 presidential election. In 2004, rumours circulated among left-wing sites and blogs that President George W Bush was being aided by a secret earpiece. None of those allegations were found to be true. Even if a candidate did wear an earpiece, any advantage would be questionable. As TV and radio presenters can attest, listening to someone while simultaneously talking during the back-and-forth of a live event is a difficult skill to master.
Answer: US President Donald Trump's re-election campaign is running hundreds of Facebook advertisements pushing an unfounded conspiracy theory that Joe Biden cheated during the first US presidential debate.
Explanation: This is a relevant summary for the given paragraph. It also contains explicit phrases from the given text
Part 3. Exercise
By Katy WatsonBBC Latin America correspondent, São Paulo "We are going to return to the time where just a few people have a lot of money, and a lot of people have nothing," Lula supporter Gisele Veloso says. She was on the verge of tears as she stood outside the steelworkers' union in the early hours of Thursday morning. It was just after the Supreme Court ruled that Lula had to start serving his 12-year prison sentence for corruption and tensions were running high. Spectacular fall from grace For many, Lula still holds a special place. He was Brazil's first working-class president and helped lift millions out of poverty. He promised change in a country known for its gaping inequalities. But it has been a stunning fall from grace for a man who was once the most popular leader in Brazilian history. Convicted and jailed for corruption and money laundering, he now has a less flattering claim to fame as the country's most famous criminal. For millions, including those who had voted for him in the past, he turned out to be just as corrupt as the politicians who came before him. There are now plenty of people who are eager to see him locked up. Messy months ahead Even so, it's unlikely that this is the last we will hear of Lula. Leaders in the Workers' Party (PT) have already said he remains their candidate for October's elections. It is possible for Lula to campaign behind bars - for now. So the next few months will be messy and emotional. Parties have to put forward names of their preferred candidates by 15 August. The Electoral court then has until mid-September to analyse them. Because of what is known as the "Clean Sheet" law, which was introduced in 2010, anybody with a criminal conviction is banned from public office for eight years. At that point, Lula's nomination is expected to be thrown out. But that means for several months, we could have a convicted criminal attempting to be the country's next leader. This is Brazil and politics is nothing if not complicated - and at times unbelievable. An act of rejection For Thiago de Aragão, a partner at political consultancy Arko Advice, this is the end of an era - one that Lula's Workers' Party was warned about. "They knew that this would happen," he says, adding that they have lined up possible candidates to replace him, including the former mayor of São Paulo, Fernando Haddad. "From within the Workers' Party, breaking with Lula is not an option," he says, adding that Lula has in the past few years become bigger than the party he founded. "Because of that, a candidate from the party that is not fully endorsed or linked to Lula does not stand a chance," he adds. They have a strategy and that, according to Mr de Aragão, is to keep pushing Lula as a candidate until the last moment. When the electoral court throws his candidacy out, that's when they'll put forward another candidate. "They will make this an act of rejection," he says. "The energy from that moment will then be transmitted to the candidate that will be chosen to run on Lula's behalf." From far-left to far-right Brazilian politics is increasingly polarised. Trailing behind leftist Lula in the presidential polls is far-right candidate Jair Bolsonaro. So could he become number one? Many experts doubt it. "The existence of a candidate like Bolsonaro is a product of the existence of Lula," says Mr de Aragão. If that's the case, then it throws the elections wide open. There is a great deal of uncertainty as to the political future of this country. Ask a Brazilian who to vote for and many just shrug their shoulders - they have no idea. One thing is certain though, Lula's influence is here to stay. "He will still be able to do politics even through his silence," says João Paulo Orsini Martinelli, a criminal lawyer in São Paulo. "His existence will still be there and he's still a gravitational force within Brazilian politics. He's a player." Additional reporting by Anna Jean Kaiser
Answer:
Brazil's former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's surrender on Saturday capped a dramatic few days in Brazil. But the political spectacle is likely to continue as the country heads towards presidential elections in October.