instruction:
In this task, you are given an article. Your task is to summarize the article in a sentence.
question:
The Dow Jones jumped by 390.3 points, or 2.42%, to 16,492.68, while the S&P 500 was up 48 points or 2.5%, at 1,969 and the tech-heavy Nasdaq was up 128 points at 4,811.93.
Shares were boosted after weak economic data from China raised hopes of more stimulus for the Chinese markets.
US markets were closed on Monday for the national Labor Day holiday.
On Friday, all three indexes dropped sharply after US unemployment fell to 5.1% last month, the lowest since 2008.
The biggest winner on the Nasdaq was General Electric, which closed up 4%, after European Union and US regulators approved its acquisition of French company Alstom's energy assets. General Electric said the deal was worth about $9.5bn.
Intel shares werealso maintained their opening gains and closed up 3.37%.
answer:
(Close:) US markets closed with a strong rebound from Friday's session.


question:
But the international think tank says to maximise the benefits of early years education, there need to be places for the poorest families.
The OECD says the UK has low levels of hours in pre-school education.
There are plans in England to double the amount of free childcare to 30 hours, but only for working families.
The OECD study says there are significant economic and personal benefits from investing in early years education - and it supports the move in England to extend access to pre-school places.
At present, the 15 hours of free childcare is among the lowest levels of provision of any OECD country, but it will rise to 30 hours in the autumn, for families with a working parent.
Andreas Schleicher, the OECD's education director, says that he understands the argument for focusing pre-school places on working families - so that parents can afford to go out to work.
But he says that such an approach can reduce the educational benefits of early years support, which is greatest for those from the most disadvantaged families.
The OECD study shows that by international standards the UK has high proportions of children in workless families, particularly in lone-parent families.
These may miss out if access to early years places is focused on working families.
Mr Schleicher highlighted the importance of pre-school education in giving children a strong start. This extended beyond learning, with the study highlighting links between access to early years education and reduced levels of obesity.
But the report warned that spending on this sector could be patchy and that staff could be less well-paid than in the school system.
Pre-school staff in the UK have seen their pay fall in real terms since 2010, says the OECD survey.
Looking for good quality pre-school places could also be much more difficult for parents, compared with the amount of information available about schools.
Mr Schleicher said the variety of early years places could be "very fragmented and hard to navigate".
Neil Leitch, chief executive of the Pre-school Learning Alliance, said: "We have long argued that, given current limited resources, the government should focus its spending on where it is needed most.
"As such, we remain at a loss as to why there has been no attempt to rethink the current eligibility criteria for the 30-hour offer."
A Department for Education spokeswoman said: "We are investing more than ever before into childcare - Â£6bn per year by 2020 - and doubling our existing offer of free childcare for all three and four year olds to 30 hours for working parents.
"We are also supporting the most disadvantaged families with 15 free hours per week for two year olds, our pupil premium which is worth over Â£300 a year per child and our new Disability Access Fund, providing Â£615 per eligible child."
answer:
Young people who went through pre-school education are much more likely to do well in international Pisa tests when they are teenagers, says the OECD.


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For decades under Soviet rule, Russia's strategic industries had close links with partners in Ukraine, all centrally controlled from Moscow.
But relations soured last year, with Ukraine's pivot to the West, Russia's annexation of Crimea and the pro-Russian insurgency in eastern Ukraine.
The EU and US banned military exports to Russia, saying Moscow was supplying the insurgents with sophisticated heavy weapons and regular troops. Moscow denied the allegations.
Last month, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin told parliament that Ukrainian components were used in the production of 186 types of Russian military equipment.
That is a serious problem, he admitted, and Moscow could resolve it only by 2018.
Back in June 2014, Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko ordered a halt to military co-operation with Russia - and that has shut down several projects.
Ukraine hosts the design bureau of Antonov military transport planes. The economic freeze has blocked plans to deliver a new heavy transport plane, the An-70. And this month, Russia stopped producing another transport plane - the An-140.
In February, Russia closed another programme - Rokot space rockets, which had been putting military satellites into orbit.
The Russian navy has suffered too. It was awaiting three Project 22350 frigates (Admiral Gorshkov-class), but they did not arrive because Ukraine did not deliver the turbines for them.
Communist-era production cycles involved defence plants in several Soviet republics, but they became independent states when the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991.
Since then, Russia has become dependent on Western electronic components - especially computers, vital for all modern armies.
In a high-profile setback for the Russian navy, France cancelled delivery of two Mistral helicopter carriers. France finally agreed on a compensation deal for Russia this week, after long negotiations.
Since 1991, Russia's armed forces have continued to rely on Antonov transport planes - the An-26 (for lighter loads), An-12 (medium loads) and An-124 (very heavy loads). For the heaviest cargoes, Russia also has the Ilyushin-76.
All Antonov planes have Ukrainian components. Experts say suspension of the An-70 programme will not affect the Russian army much, but the lack of components for An-140 production will be a problem.
The Russian air force and navy had already received up to 10 new Antonovs before deliveries stopped.
There is an urgent need to replace ageing An-26 planes - production was discontinued in the mid-1980s.
Russia could revive plans to build a light cargo plane, the Ilyushin-112, but that means finding reliable Russian replacements for Ukrainian components.
"Whatever option it decides to go with, Russia's efforts to revamp its fixed-wing transport capabilities are being affected by the crisis with Ukraine in ways that go beyond the An-140," wrote analyst Gareth Jennings in Jane's Defence Weekly.
Ukraine has also been a key supplier of engine components.
In May, the Ukrainian company Motor-Sich stopped deliveries of helicopter engines for combat helicopters, but continued taking orders for civilian helicopters.
Mr Rogozin said Russia would strive to integrate engine production for the navy and air force, to reduce costs and move away from reliance on Ukrainian and Western equipment.
But a previous Russian attempt to reduce the military's reliance on Ukrainian equipment was only partly successful, Russian military expert Alexander Golts told the BBC.
"We can't take Mr Rogozin's statements at face value. We can believe them only when we see the first Russian gas turbines [for the military]," he said.
answer:

Russia's defence firms have been hit not only by Western sanctions but also by a breakdown in business ties with Ukraine.


