Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Solar time is a calculation of the passage of time based on the position of the Sun in the sky. The fundamental unit of solar time is the day. Two types of solar time are apparent solar time (sundial time) and mean solar time (clock time). 

A tall pole vertically fixed in the ground casts a shadow on any sunny day. At one moment during the day, the shadow will point exactly north or south (or disappear when and if the Sun moves directly overhead). That instant is local apparent noon, or 12:00 local apparent time. About 24 hours later the shadow will again point north/south, the Sun seeming to have covered a 360-degree arc around the Earth's axis. When the Sun has covered exactly 15 degrees (1/24 of a circle, both angles being measured in a plane perpendicular to the Earth's axis), local apparent time is 13:00 exactly; after 15 more degrees it will be 14:00 exactly. 

The problem is that in September the Sun takes less time (as measured by an accurate clock) to make an apparent revolution than it does in December; 24 "hours" of solar time can be 21 seconds less or 29 seconds more than 24 hours of clock time. As explained in the equation of time article, this is due to the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit (i.e. the Earth's orbit is not perfectly circular, meaning that the Earth-Sun distance varies throughout the year), and the fact that the Earth's axis is not perpendicular to the plane of its orbit (the so-called obliquity of the ecliptic).

1. Solar time is based on what?
2. How many kinds of it are there?
3. Can you name one of them?
4. Please name one of them
5. What's another name for that one?
6. Please name the other kind of solar time?
7. Wjat's another name for that kind?
8. Does the sun take less time to get all the way around in September than in December?
9. How many seconds more than 24 hours clock time can solar time be?
10. How many less?
11. This is because of what?
12. Does that mean the Earth's orbit is a perfect circle?
13. What does it mean?
14. Is the Earh's axis perpendicular to the plane of its orbit?
15. Is there another name for that?
16. What is it?
17. The shadow of a pole in sun points in how many possible directions?
18. Does it ever dissappear?
19. When?
20. Does the author like sun dials?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. the position of the Sun in the sky
2. Two
3. yes
4. apparent solar time
5. sundial time
6. mean solar time
7. clock time
8. yes
9. up to 29 seconds
10. up to 21 seconds less
11. the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit
12. no
13. the distance between Earth and Sun varies throughout the year
14. no
15. yes
16. obliquity of the ecliptic
17. 360
18. yes
19. when the Sun is directly overhead
20. unknown

Q: Every day Yang Hongwei takes the bus home from work, staring silently at the European-style villas , luxury cars and twinkling lights from the shopping center that he sees through the window. 

Yang works for a software company in Zhongguancun. He dreams of such a life, away from poverty, and that hope has kept him in Beijing for three years since he graduated from university. 

Soon Yang squeezes his way off the bus to the reality of his life: his home--a 10-square-metre room that costs 550 yuan(81 US dollars) or about one-fifth of his salary in rent every month. It's very cold inside the house as it has no central heating system. He has to stand the long and cold winter. Determined to achieve his dream, Yang says he has changed jobs "numerous" times in the past three years and is considering quitting his present job. 

Yang's frustration over his life as a migrant is shared by many other graduates that have moved into big cities. Together they have come to be called the "ant tribe", a term created by Chinese sociologists to describe the struggles of young migrants, who, armed with their diplomas, flood to big cities in hopes of a better life only to put up with low-paying jobs and poor living conditions. They share every similarity with ants. They live in colonies in crowded areas. They're intelligent and hardworking, yet unknown and underpaid. The term, sociologists have said, also reflects their helplessness in a world governed by the law of the concrete jungle--only the strongest survive. 

A survey in Ant TribeII found nearly 30 percent of the "ants" are graduates of famous key universities--almost three times the percentage of 2009. Most have degrees in popular majors, such as medicine, engineering, economics and management. In addition, 7.2 percent of the "ants" have at least a master's degree compared to 1.6 percent in 2009. Most said the economic recovery did not really improve their financial situations, and 66 percent said their incomes fell short of their expectations, the survey also found. 

For two years, Lian Si, a post-doctoral fellow at the Center for Chinese and Global Affairs of Peking University, who has studied the phenomenon, led a team of more than 100 graduate students to follow the groups in university towns like Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan and Xi'an. Lian evaluates the total population of the "ant community" in major cities at one million across China, with about 100,000 found in Beijing alone. Lian predicts that an increasingly challenging job market will see the ant tribe growing further in number. Another 6.3 million graduates are expected to join migrant workers and other job hunters in what promises to be a fierce labour competition. 

The ant tribe's embarrassing living situations have become a serious social issue, and the government should develop "second-and-third-tier cities" to attract more graduates from big cities. However, "ants" expect more study and training opportunities in big cities, which keeps them in positive mindsets despite their situations. As in the case of Yang, he is optimistic about getting a new job soon, having received eight interview offers in a week after sending out his resume. The prospect of landing a higher-paying job keeps him hopeful of moving out of the slum district soon. The sooner the better.

1. Yang Hongwei
2. the bus
3. the "ant tribe"
4. Chinese sociologists
5. nearly 30 percent
6. 66 percent
7. Lian Si
8. about 100,000
9. 550 yuan (81 US dollars)
10. about one-fifth

Numbered questions:

1. Who is the article about?
2. How does he travel to and from work?
3. What have migrants come to be called?
4. Who created this term?
5. How many of them graduated from famous universities?
6. What percentage had incomes that didn't meet expectations?
7. Who predicted an increasingly challenging job market?
8. How many are in Beijing alone?
9. How much did Yang's room cost?
10. How much of his salary was this amount?