In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a 
. You have to answer the question based on the context.

Q: Various multilingual extensions of NMT have already been proposed in the literature. The authors of BIBREF18 , BIBREF19 apply multitask learning to train models for multiple languages. Zoph and Knight BIBREF20 propose a multi-source model and BIBREF21 introduces a character-level encoder that is shared across several source languages. In our setup, we will follow the main idea proposed by Johnson et al. BIBREF22 . The authors of that paper suggest a simple addition by means of a language flag on the source language side (see Figure 2 ) to indicate the target language that needs to be produced by the decoder. This flag will be mapped on a dense vector representation and can be used to trigger the generation of the selected language. The authors of the paper argue that the model enables transfer learning and supports the translation between languages that are not explicitly available in training. 
 Question: What neural machine translation models can learn in terms of transfer learning?

A: Multilingual Neural Machine Translation Models
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Q: As explained in Section SECREF15 , the corruption introduced in Doc2VecC acts as a data-dependent regularization that suppresses the embeddings of frequent but uninformative words. In contrast, Doc2VecC manages to clamp down the representation of words frequently appear in the training set, but are uninformative, such as symbols and stop words. 
 Question: How do they determine which words are informative?

A: Informative are those that will not be suppressed by regularization performed.
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Q: after a shared CLWE space has been induced, the task is to retrieve target language translations for a test set of source language words retrieve target language translations for a test set of source language words BLI is cast as a ranking task in our BLI setup with only one correct translation for each “query” word, MAP is equal to mean reciprocal rank (MRR) 
 Question: How does BLI measure alignment quality?

A:
we use mean average precision (MAP) as the main evaluation metric
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