Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. RNA and DNA are nucleic acids, and, along with lipids, proteins and carbohydrates, constitute the four major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life. Like DNA, RNA is assembled as a chain of nucleotides, but unlike DNA it is more often found in nature as a single-strand folded onto itself, rather than a paired double-strand. Cellular organisms use messenger RNA (mRNA) to convey genetic information (using the letters G, U, A, and C to denote the nitrogenous bases guanine, uracil, adenine, and cytosine) that directs synthesis of specific proteins. Many viruses encode their genetic information using an RNA genome. 

Some RNA molecules play an active role within cells by catalyzing biological reactions, controlling gene expression, or sensing and communicating responses to cellular signals. One of these active processes is protein synthesis, a universal function where RNA molecules direct the assembly of proteins on ribosomes. This process uses transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to deliver amino acids to the ribosome, where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) then links amino acids together to form proteins. 

Like DNA, most biologically active RNAs, including mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, snRNAs, and other non-coding RNAs, contain self-complementary sequences that allow parts of the RNA to fold and pair with itself to form double helices. Analysis of these RNAs has revealed that they are highly structured. Unlike DNA, their structures do not consist of long double helices, but rather collections of short helices packed together into structures akin to proteins. In this fashion, RNAs can achieve chemical catalysis (like enzymes). For instance, determination of the structure of the ribosome—an enzyme that catalyzes peptide bond formation—revealed that its active site is composed entirely of RNA.

1. What is the article about?
2. What is it similar to?
3. What is it similar to?
4. What does it do?
5. What do they actively do?
6. How is it different from DNA?
7. What shape are they?
8. Are they like enzymes?
9. How?
10. What kind of acids are they?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. RNA
2. DNA
3. unknown
4. codes, decodes, regulates, and expresses genes
5. catalyze biological reactions, control gene expression, sense and communicate responses to cellular signals
6. single-strand rather than double-strand
7. collections of short helices packed together into structures akin to proteins
8. yes
9. they can achieve chemical catalysis
10. nucleic acids

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Saba is a Caribbean island which is the smallest special municipality (officially “public body”) of the Netherlands. It consists largely of the potentially active volcano Mount Scenery, at 887 metres (2,910 ft) the highest point of the entire Netherlands. 

Saba has a land area of . , the population was 1,991 inhabitants, with a population density of . Its towns and major settlements are The Bottom (the capital), Windwardside, Hell's Gate and St. Johns. 

Christopher Columbus is said to have sighted the island on 13November 1493. He did not land, being deterred by the island's perilous rocky shores. In 1632 a group of shipwrecked Englishmen landed upon Saba. They stated they found the island uninhabited when they were rescued; however, clear evidence has been found indicating that Caribs and Arawak Native Nations have lived on the island. 

In 1635 a stray Frenchman claimed Saba for Louis XIII of France. In the latter 1630s, the Dutch Governor of the neighboring island of Sint Eustatius sent several Dutch families over to colonize the island for the Dutch West India Company. In 1664, refusing to swear allegiance to the English crown, these original Dutch settlers were evicted to St.Maarten by Thomas Morgan and other English pirates that had been convicted to stay on Jamaica, to return within the months and years following. The Netherlands have been in continuous possession of Saba since 1816, after numerous flag changes (British-Dutch-French) during the previous centuries. By 2016 the island had been French for 12 years, English for 18 years, and Dutch for 345 years.

1. What is the name of the island that is the smallest special municipality of the Netherlands?
2. When is Christopher Columbus said to of sighted the island?
3. Why did he not land there?
4. What volcano is located there?
5. Is there evedence that the Caribs and Arawaks ever inhabit the island?
6. Who was the island claimed for in 1635?
7. Who landed on the island in 1632?
8. Since when has the Netherland been in continuous possession of Saba?
9. How long has the Dutch possessed the island?
10. What about the French?
11. Who evicted the Dutch settlers that lived there in 1664?
12. Did the Englishmen that were shipwrecked there in 1632 state the island was uninhabited?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. Saba
2. November 13, 1493
3. He was deterred by the rocky shores.
4. Mount Scenery
5. Yes
6. Louis XIII of France
7. A group of shipwrecked Englishmen
8. 1816
9. 345 years
10. 12 years
11. Thomas Morgan
12. Yes

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

(CNN)I was a copygirl in my fourth month at the Chicago Daily News, my second assigned to the city desk. It had become my custom at 4 o'clock, when the city desk secretary left for the day, to move over to her spot to help answer the phones as the beat reporters called in to check out for the day. 

It was so quiet that afternoon -- 70 years ago, on Thursday, April 12, 1945 -- the city editor and assistant city editor had felt comfortable leaving their desks. The second city editor, Guy Housley, was to my left. To my right, perhaps 6 feet away, the telegraph editor, George Dodge. 

At 4:50, the old-fashioned upright "candlestick" telephone on his desk rang -- the direct line The Associated Press used to alert editors to major news events. He answered, replaced the bell-like receiver on its hook and said to everyone in general and no one in particular, "Roosevelt is dead." 

The silence of shock. 

Until Dodge jumped up so quickly, his swivel chair crashed into the glass-fronted bookcase behind him -- a symphonic orchestra cymbals sound -- and ran to what was called the Tube Room, with its row of Associated Press Teletype machines. 

Housley said, "Clear the decks for action." 

The words had barely cleared his lips when City Editor Clem Lane half-ran back into the city room. Hal O'Flaherty, director of the Daily News Foreign Service, was only a step or two behind. The door of the managing editor's office that opened into the city room flew open, and Managing Editor Everett Norlander joined them around the copy desk, where Dodge was editing the bulletin. 

1. What year does this take place?
2. Who is narrating this story?
3. Where does she work?
4. What was she doing at 4 o'clock?
5. What's the name of the second city editor?
6. Who is George Dodge?
7. What's important about the "candlestick" telephone?
8. What happened at 4:50?
9. Who answered it?
10. What was the major news?
11. Where did Dodge run to after receiving the news?
12. What's in there?
13. Who is Clem Lane?
14. Who is Hal O'Flaherty?
15. What's the name of the Managing Editor?
16. How many years ago did this take place?

Numbered answers:

A:
1. 1945
2. A copygirl
3. Chicago Daily News
4. answering the phones
5. Guy Housley
6. Telegraph editor
7. Used to alert editors to major news events
8. The "candlestick" telephone rang
9. George Dodge
10. Roosevelt died.
11. The Tube Room
12. Teletype machines
13. City Editor
14. Director of the Daily News Foreign Service
15. Everett Norlander
16. 70 years