I read this background article the other day: Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in a substance or an object. The basic SI unit for mass is the kilogram (kg), but smaller masses may be measured in grams (g). To measure mass, you would use a balance. In the lab, mass may be measured with a triple beam balance or an electronic balance, but the old-fashioned balance pictured below may give you a better idea of what mass is. If both sides of this balance were at the same level, it would mean that the fruit in the left pan has the same mass as the iron object in the right pan. In that case, the fruit would have a mass of 1 kg, the same as the iron. As you can see, however, the fruit is at a higher level than the iron. This means that the fruit has less mass than the iron, that is, the fruit's mass is less than 1 kg.  I am facing a new situation today: Johnathan is trying to find two blocks of wood with the same mass for a project he is working on. He doesn't have a balance, so he makes a crude one out of materials he has on hand. He put a block of wood on either side and the block on the left side was at a lower level than the block on the right.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: If Johnathan wanted to both sides to be at an equal level would he need more or less mass on the right side?
Ans: more

I read this background article the other day: Many respiratory diseases are caused by pathogens. A pathogen is an organism that causes disease in another organism. Certain bacteria, viruses, and fungi are pathogens of the respiratory system. The common cold and flu are caused by viruses. The influenza virus that causes the flu is pictured below ( Figure below ). Tuberculosis, whooping cough, and acute bronchitis are caused by bacteria. The pathogens that cause colds, flu, and TB can be passed from person to person by coughing, sneezing, and spitting. Illnesses caused by bacteria can be treated with antibiotics. Those caused by viruses cannot.  I am facing a new situation today: Mary was from a family that forbids all vaccinations. She never got any vaccines and developed immunity the hard way by getting many respiratory diseases. Ann got all here vaccines done in time and at the proper age.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which person experienced tuberculosis?
Ans: Mary

I read this background article the other day: Some fungi take on different shapes, depending on their environmental conditions. These fungi are called dimorphic fungi , because they have “two forms.” For example, the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum , which causes the disease histoplasmosis, is thermally dimorphic; it has two forms that are dependent on temperature. In temperatures of about 25°C, it grows as a brownish mycelium, and looks like a mass of threads. At body temperature (37°C in humans), it grows as single, round yeast cells.  I am facing a new situation today: Two mycologists were studying fungi. Max studied regular fungi, while Red studied dimorphic fungi. They were both fascinated by their findings.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which person learned more about fungi that take on different shapes?
Ans: Red

I read this background article the other day: Specific humidity (or moisture content) is the ratio of the mass of water vapor to the total mass of the moist air parcel.[13] Specific humidity is approximately equal to the mixing ratio, which is defined as the ratio of the mass of water vapor in an air parcel to the mass of dry air for the same parcel. As temperature decreases, the amount of water vapor needed to reach saturation also decreases. As the temperature of a parcel of air becomes lower it will eventually reach the point of saturation without adding or losing water mass.  I am facing a new situation today: Tho towns located on opposite banks of a river, had a humid season, but Bend town had a cooler air at night. Bank town on the other hand, had warmer nights because it was situated on a south facing hill.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which town experienced a higher air temperature?

Ans: Bank