TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: This man gives his name, along with that of Francis Sears, to a process in ultrasonic imaging for which the acoustic wavefronts act as optical gratings to diffract the light on either side of the central spot. The distance over which charge carriers in plasmas exclude electric fields via his namesake shielding is also known as his namesake length. With an assistant later famous in his own right for his rule for determining whether ring molecules would show aromatic properties, he developed a mathematical expression to explain characteristics of electrolytic solutions, the famous equation named for him and Erich Hckel. FTP name this man who also gives his name to the SI unit defined as about 3.3 x 10-30 Coulomb meters, which measures the molecular dipole moment.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: In political thought, this man contributed a comparison of socialism, anarchism, and syndicalism, three of the titular Roads to Freedom. In another work sometimes viewed as a sequel to his What I Believe, he critiqued organized religion and as a whole, writing that "No one can sit at the bedside of a dying child and claim to believe in God" in an attempt to explain Why I Am Not a (*) Christian. Other works by this man include one written with Alfred North Whitehead, in which he explained the whole of mathematics in terms of logical expressions. For 10 points, name this modern British philosopher who wrote Principia Mathematica.

SOLUTION: Social Science

PROBLEM: One of these molecules containing two geminal acceptor groups is the product of the Knoevenagel reaction. Ethers can be formed by alkoxy-mercuration between an alcohol and one of these, or by reacting a peroxy-acid with one of these. In the process of hydrogenation, some of its bonds are broken by reacting them with protons, and Lindlar's catalyst is often used to yield the cis-variety from an alkyne. Markovnikov's rules state that when hydrogen halides are added to them, the acid hydrogen attatches to the carbon with the greatest bonded hydrogens and the halide attaches to carbon with the fewest bonded hydrogens. Ethylene is the simplest member of, for 10 points, what group of unsaturated organic compounds that have at least one carbon-carbon double bond 

SOLUTION:
Science

