Problem: I read this background article the other day: Another major cause of extinction is global warming , which is also known as global climate change. During the past century, the Earth's average temperature has risen by almost 1°C (about 1.3°F). You may not think that is significant, but to organisms that live in the wild and are constantly adapting to their environments, any climate change can be hazardous. Recall that burning fossil fuels releases gasses into the atmosphere that warm the Earth. Our increased use of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, is changing the Earth’s climate. Any long-term change in the climate can destroy the habitat of a species. Even a brief change in climate may be too stressful for an organism to survive. For example, if the seas increase in temperature, even briefly, it may be too warm for certain types of fish to reproduce.  I am facing a new situation today: Two neighboring islands Grey island and Sand island both contributed to global warming by their actions. Grey island contributed way more because they were more careless.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which island used less coal?

A: Sand


Problem: I read this background article the other day: Scientists think that the earliest flowers attracted insects and other animals, which spread pollen from flower to flower. This greatly increased the efficiency of fertilization over wind-spread pollen, which might or might not actually land on another flower. To take better advantage of this “animal labor,” plants evolved traits such as brightly colored petals to attract pollinators. In exchange for pollination, flowers gave the pollinators nectar.  I am facing a new situation today: Joy had a field full of flowering plants , that he used for medicinal and honey making purposes. Her friend Jill also had a piece of land where she cultivated plants that fertilize over wind spread pollen.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which friend had a field with a higher efficiency of fertilization?

A: Joy


Problem: I read this background article the other day: As a liquid is heated, the average kinetic energy of its particles increases. The rate of evaporation increases as more and more molecules are able to escape the liquid’s surface into the vapor phase. Eventually a point is reached when the molecules all throughout the liquid have enough kinetic energy to vaporize . At this point the liquid begins to boil. The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure. The Figure below illustrates the boiling of liquid.  I am facing a new situation today: A new liquid is found with a boiling point of 50 degrees C. John poured some of this liquid in a pot and began heating it to 60 degrees. Eventually all of the liquid vaporizes  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Will this new liquid reaches 50 degrees C will more or less of it evaporate?

A: more


Problem: I read this background article the other day: Sometimes muscles and tendons get injured when a person starts doing an activity before they have warmed up properly. A warm up is a slow increase in the intensity of a physical activity that prepares muscles for an activity. Warming up increases the blood flow to the muscles and increases the heart rate. Warmed-up muscles and tendons are less likely to get injured. For example, before running or playing soccer, a person might jog slowly to warm muscles and increase their heart rate. Even elite athletes need to warm up ( Figure below ).  I am facing a new situation today: Two groups of runners attended a 5k event downtown. Brown group warmed up properly before the race, but Red group did no such thing and suffered the consequences.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which group jogged slowly to warm muscles?

A:
Brown