Problem: Process:  - The earth develops cracks deep beneath the surface - The cracks get very long and big in some places - The earth places pressure against the rocks on both sides of the cracks - The pressure causes the rocks to press against each other very hard - The cracks continue to develop - The earth moves against itself on both sides of the cracks - The pressure and movement around the cracks causes the rocks to crumble in some places - A lot of energy is released - The energy causes seismic waves - The seismic waves move the earth in an earthquake.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there will be fewer earthquakes happens, how will it affect earth does not crack.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: yes


Problem: Process:  - A fuel is heated in an oven - Above the oven is a tank of water that is sealed - The tank of water begins to boil above the oven - A the water boils steam is created - The steam is denser than air so it needs a place to go - The steam is forced out of the tank and into a piston - The piston moves up - The valve of the piston closes - The valve on the next piston opens - The steam fills the next piston, driving it up, and the other one down -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose not enough heat to create steam happens, how will it affect LESS power produced by the steam engine.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: yes


Problem: Process:  - Water from the ocean washes onto beaches in waves - The waves contain sediment from the ocean - The water and particles in it hit rocks and sand on the beach - The wind and current sometimes push the water and particles harder - Tiny parts of the rocks on the shore come off the larger rocks - The waves pick up sand and small rocks from the beach - The waves go back out into the ocean - The waves carry the new particles with them - Rocks and the beach look a little different.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less particles in the waves happens, how will it affect less waves pick up sand and rocks.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: yes


Problem: Process:  - Energy builds up in the crust of the earth - The energy causes the fault lines give way - The earth&#x27;s plates move - The energy radiates outward from the fault in all directions - The seismic waves shake the earth as they move through it.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there was normal movement of tectonic plates happens, how will it affect crust is pushed forward.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A:
yes