Given an abstract, indicate which of the provided candidate titles (Option1 and Option2) best describes it (respond with the text of the title, not option1/2).

Abstract: To assess the usefulness of continuous wave Doppler echocardiography in the evaluation of aortic insufficiency, the aortic regurgitant flow velocity pattern obtained with continuous wave Doppler examination was compared with the results of aortography and conventional pulsed Doppler techniques in 25 individuals with aortic insufficiency. The diastolic deceleration slope as measured from the continuous wave tracing was significantly different among subgroups of patients with mild (1.6 +/- 0.5 m/s2), moderate (2.7 +/- 0.5 m/s2) and severe (4.7 +/- 1.5 m/s2) aortic insufficiency as determined from aortography. Deceleration slopes greater than 2 m/s2 separated individuals with moderate and severe insufficiency from those with mild insufficiency. Similar findings were seen when comparing the pressure half-time method of diastolic velocity decay with the more severe grades of aortic insufficiency exhibiting the shortest pressure half-times. There was also a high correlation (r = 0.85) between the deceleration slope measured by continuous wave Doppler recordings and the grade of insufficiency as assessed by pulsed Doppler echocardiography. End-diastolic velocities correlated poorly (r = 0.28) with catheter-measured end-diastolic pressure difference between the aorta and the left ventricle. These findings demonstrate that the aortic regurgitant flow pattern by continuous wave Doppler echocardiography may be useful in quantitating the degree of aortic insufficiency by assessing the rate with which aortic and left ventricular pressures equilibrate during diastole. 
 Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Quantitative evaluation of aortic insufficiency by continuous wave Doppler echocardiography. option2: Familial dependence of the resting metabolic rate [letter]
Quantitative evaluation of aortic insufficiency by continuous wave Doppler echocardiography.

Abstract: The serum levels of the low mol wt form of somatomedin-binding protein (SMBP) were 5-fold higher in both diabetic (n = 44) and nondiabetic pregnant women (n = 14) than in nonpregnant women. No difference was found between women with type 1 diabetes and those with gestational diabetes. There was a negative correlation between maternal levels of SMBP during the last trimester and the birth weight percentile of the infants (r = -0.51). There was a 2- to 3-fold elevation of maternal insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) levels during pregnancy in both diabetic and nondiabetic women. A positive correlation (r = 0.49) was found between maternal IGF-I levels and the birth weight percentiles of their infants. The correlation between the ratio of IGF-I to SMBP, which may reflect the IGF-I available to the placenta, to birth weight percentile was higher (r = 0.57), and the SE of estimate of weight percentile was 23%. The ratio between IGF-I and SMBP in cord blood was correlated with birth weight, although cord blood IGF-I and SMBP values were not. The IGF-II levels in cord serum were 50% higher in the infants of diabetic than in those of nondiabetic mothers. These findings raise the questions of whether maternal SMBP levels influence the amount of IGF-I available for the fetal-placental unit and whether IGF-II participates in glucose homeostasis in the fetus. 
 Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Serum levels of somatomedins and somatomedin-binding protein in pregnant women with type I or gestational diabetes and their infants. option2: Heredity and muscle adaptation to endurance training.
Serum levels of somatomedins and somatomedin-binding protein in pregnant women with type I or gestational diabetes and their infants.

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea is considered in five Down syndrome children. All had altered anatomy consistent with this syndrome involving the oropharynx, cranium, and midface. Based on earlier work, it was established that, except for specific isolated instances, routine tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy would not reverse obstructive respiratory patterns in this patient population. A modified pharyngopalatal surgical approach has been successful in alleviating upper airway sleep obstruction in Down syndrome. 
 Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Obstructive sleep apnea in Down syndrome children: a surgical approach. option2: Percutaneous removal of renal calculi.

Obstructive sleep apnea in Down syndrome children: a surgical approach.

