Question: I read this background article the other day: Rain dissolves fertilizer in the soil. Runoff carries it away. The fertilizer ends up in bodies of water, from ponds to oceans. Nitrogen is a fertilizer in the water. Since there is a lot of nitrogen, it causes algae to grow out of control. Pictured below is a pond covered with algae ( Figure below ). Algae use up carbon dioxide in the water. After the algae die, decomposers break down the dead tissue. The decomposers use up all the oxygen in the water. This creates a dead zone. A dead zone is an area in a body of water where nothing grows because there is too little oxygen. There is a large dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico ( Figure below ). The U.S. states outlined on the map have rivers that drain into the Gulf of Mexico. The rivers drain vast agricultural lands. The water carries fertilizer from these areas into the Gulf.  I am facing a new situation today: Iceland and Ireland both used agriculture as a the main component of their economies. Ireland used lots of fertilizer and had big environmental problems as a result. Iceland does a lot of greenhouse agriculture using geothermal energy, so it is more protective towards the environment.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which country had less fertilizer in the runoff?
Answer: Iceland

Question: I read this background article the other day: Regions on the Earth's surface (or in its atmosphere) that are high above mean sea level are referred to as high altitude. High altitude is sometimes defined to begin at 2,400 meters (8,000 ft) above sea level.[5][6][7]  At high altitude, atmospheric pressure is lower than that at sea level. This is due to two competing physical effects: gravity, which causes the air to be as close as possible to the ground; and the heat content of the air, which causes the molecules to bounce off each other and expand.[8]  I am facing a new situation today: Ken is an avid mountain climber. This year he reached the summits of two mountains, mountain A and mountain B. Mountain A is only 5000 ft tall while mountain B is  15000 ft tall. He has also learned a fun fact that water boils faster and at lower temperature at low atmospheric pressure.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Would mountain A summit be considered high altitude or low altitude?
Answer: low altitude

Question: I read this background article the other day: Recall that air pollution is due to chemical substances and particles released into the air mainly by human actions. When most people think of air pollution, they think of the pollution outdoors. But it is just as easy to have indoor air pollution. Your home or school classroom probably doesn't get much fresh air. Sealing up your home reduces heating and cooling costs. But this also causes air pollution to stay trapped indoors. And people today usually spend a majority of their time indoors. So exposure to indoor air pollution can become a significant health risk.  I am facing a new situation today: James spent a lot of time indoors, and didn't get out much like Rob, his friend, who loved outdoors stuff.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which friend breathes more fresh air on a daily basis?
Answer:
Rob