Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Example Input: The apoptosis inhibitor-5 (API5), anti-apoptosis protein, is considered a key molecule in the tumor progression and malignant phenotype of tumor cells. Here, we investigated API5 expression in cervical cancer, its clinical significance, and its relationship with phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (pERK1/2) in development and progression of cervical cancer.', 'API5 effects on cell growth were assessed in cervical cancer cell lines. API5 and pERK1/2 immunohistochemical staining were performed on a cervical cancer tissue microarray consisting of 173 primary cervical cancers, 306 cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CINs), and 429 matched normal tissues.', 'API5 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and colony formation in CaSki cells, whereas API5 knockdown inhibited the both properties in HeLa cells. Immunohistochemical staining showed that API5 expression increased during the normal to tumor transition of cervical carcinoma (P\u2009<\u20090.001), and this increased expression was significantly associated with tumor stage (P\u2009=\u20090.004), tumor grade (P\u2009<\u20090.001), and chemo-radiation response (P\u2009=\u20090.004). API5 expression levels were positively associated with pERK1/2 in cervical cancer (P\u2009<\u20090.001) and high grade CIN (P\u2009=\u20090.031). In multivariate analysis, API5+ (P\u2009=\u20090.039) and combined API5+/pERK1/2+ (P\u2009=\u20090.032) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival.
Example Output: 0

Example Input: To evaluate intestinal inflammatory and apoptotic processes after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury, modulated by pentoxifylline and hypertonic saline.', 'It was allocated into four groups (n=6), 24 male Wistar rats (200 to 250 g) and submitted to intestinal ischemia for 40 min and reperfusion for 80 min: IR (did not receive any treatment); HS group (Hypertonic Saline, 4 ml/kg-IV); PTX group (Pentoxifylline, 30 mg/kg-IV); HS+PTX group (Hypertonic Saline and Pentoxifylline). All animals were heparinized (100 U/kg). At the end of reperfusion, ileal fragments were removed and stained on hematoxylin-eosin and histochemical studies for COX-2, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3.', 'The values of sO2 were higher on treated groups at 40 minutes of reperfusion (p=0.0081) and 80 minutes of reperfusion (p=0.0072). Serum lactate values were lower on treated groups after 40 minutes of reperfusion (p=0.0003) and 80 minutes of reperfusion (p=0.0098). Morphologic tissue injuries showed higher grades on IR group versus other groups: HS (p=0.0006), PTX (p=0.0433) and HS+PTX (p=0.0040). The histochemical study showed lesser expression of COX-2 (p=0.0015) and Bcl-2 (p=0.0012) on HS+PTX group. A lower expression of cleaved caspase-3 was demonstrated in PTX (p=0.0090; PTXvsIR).
Example Output: 1

Example Input: Diabetes, arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and aging are associated with endothelial dysfunction in various vasculatures. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the renal vasculature cannot be easily assessed, but infusion of L-arginine, the substrate of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, leads to an increase in renal plasma flow (RPF) in humans. We have examined the effect of L-arginine infusion on renal hemodynamics in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes.', 'Twenty-three elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (age, 65 +/- 6 years; HbA(1c), 7.8 +/- 1.6%) with coexisting arterial hypertension (158 +/- 19/83 +/- 11 mmHg) and elevated cholesterol levels (total cholesterol, 215 +/- 33 mg/dl) were examined. These patients were compared with a young and healthy reference group (n = 20; age, 26 +/- 2 years). The effect of L-arginine infusion (100 mg/kg over 30 min) on RPF and glomerular filtration rate were measured using the constant input clearance technique with p-aminohippurate and inulin, respectively.', 'L-arginine infusion similarly influenced renal hemodynamics in patients and reference subjects: RPF increased by 7 +/- 11 and 7 +/- 11% in diabetic and reference subjects, respectively (P = NS). Other parameters of renal hemodynamics such as glomerular filtration rate (5 +/- 5 vs. 4 +/- 4%) and filtration fraction (-1 +/- 8 vs. -1 +/- 9%) were not significantly different between diabetic and reference subjects, too.
Example Output:
1

