Detailed Instructions: Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
See one example below:
Problem: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving Th2 inflammation in CRS; however, their relationship with clinical disease characteristics has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to identify ILC2s in sinus mucosa in patients with CRS and controls and compare ILC2s across characteristics of disease. A cross-sectional study of patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. Sinus mucosal biopsies were obtained during surgery and control tissue from patients undergoing pituitary tumour resection through transphenoidal approach. ILC2s were identified as CD45(+) Lin(-) CD127(+) CD4(-) CD8(-) CRTH2(CD294)(+) CD161(+) cells in single cell suspensions through flow cytometry. ILC2 frequencies, measured as a percentage of CD45(+) cells, were compared across CRS phenotype, endotype, inflammatory CRS subtype and other disease characteristics including blood eosinophils, serum IgE, asthma status and nasal symptom score. 35 patients (40% female, age 48 ± 17 years) including 13 with eosinophilic CRS (eCRS), 13 with non-eCRS and 9 controls were recruited. ILC2 frequencies were associated with the presence of nasal polyps (P = 0.002) as well as high tissue eosinophilia (P = 0.004) and eosinophil-dominant CRS (P = 0.001) (Mann-Whitney U). They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia (P = 0.005). There were no significant associations found between ILC2s and serum total IgE and allergic disease. In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (P = 0.03). ILC2s were also correlated with worsening nasal symptom score in CRS (P = 0.04).
Solution: Are group 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s ) increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps or eosinophilia?
Explanation: The question is based on the following sentences from the passage (i) Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) {ii) In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (iii) As ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP, they may drive nasal polyp formation in CRS. and (iv) They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia

Problem: Although epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have become key therapeutic agents for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutation, little is known about the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs according to different treatment timings.', 'A total of 1,250 patients with NSCLC were screened for EGFR mutations at a single institution between March 2006 and May 2010. The efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in terms of response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared according to the treatment timing.', 'Among the 437 patients (36.1 %) with EGFR mutation, we analyzed 222 patients who received EGFR-TKI treatment. With a median follow-up duration of 27.5 months (range 8.3-69.2), EGFR-TKI was given to 97 (43.7 %), 109 (49.1 %), and 16 (7.2 %) patients as first-line, second-line, and third-line therapy, respectively. All three groups showed similar RR (71.1, 72.5, and 75.0 %, respectively) to EGFR-TKI (p = 0.802). No significant difference was observed according to treatment timing of EGFR-TKI in terms of PFS (median 10.6, 13.0, and 10.4 months; p = 0.670) and OS (median 20.5, 26.2, and 17.1 months; p = 0.142). The treatment timing of EGFR-TKI still showed no association with PFS or OS after adjusting significant prognostic factors including performance, disease status, and EGFR mutation types.
Solution:
Is eGFR-TKI effective regardless of treatment timing in pulmonary adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutation?