In this task, you are given an article. Your task is to summarize the article in a sentence.

[Q]: Michael James, 59, from Carlisle, died in hospital after the crash on Dalston Road in the city on Tuesday evening.
A 16-year-old male pedestrian was seriously hurt. Three other pedestrians suffered minor injuries and a passenger in the vehicle was also hurt.
The family of Mr James, who worked at the Pirelli tyre factory, said it was the "darkest day" they had faced.
A statement said: "Following a tragic accident, we have lost a loving and caring family man with traditional values, morals and standards.
"Michael was brought up in Carlisle, studied at Morton School and worked for Pirelli for 35 years. He was a fanatic of keeping fit and loved to run and cycle and spent many hours on the hills surrounding Cumbria.
"He selflessly put others before himself and will be sorely missed by his wife Gill, daughters Hannah and Molly and his many family members and friends.
"We would also like to extend our thoughts and prayers to the other parties involved and wish them a speedy recovery."
Cumbria Police have appealed for witnesses to the crash, which happened at about 17:50 GMT.
[A]: A driver died and a teenager was seriously injured after a car crashed into four pedestrians.


[Q]: The Nigerian military has been in overdrive in trying to control the narrative of its war against Boko Haram in recent weeks.
It says it has cornered the jihadists and the conflict will soon be over - in line with its mandate from President Muhammadu Buhari to end the crisis by mid-November.
Boko Haram's eccentric frontman Abubakar Shekau has not appeared in a video since February, when he threatened to disrupt the elections.
The following month he pledged allegiance to the Islamic State group (IS) in an audio message and since IS also reached out to their Nigerian counterpart, Shekau has taken a back seat.
Shekau has released similar audio clips to disprove reports about his death, although the fact that he is not visible leaves room for speculation among the army that they have killed him, as they have claimed on several occasions.
His retreat from the forefront signifies that Boko Haram, also known as IS West Africa Province, now takes orders from the further up the IS hierarchy.
Nonetheless, there was recently room for another message to once again defy the Nigerian government, which sparked the realisation in the military that this game of cat-and-mouse was going nowhere.
Defence spokesman Colonel Rabe Abubakar described Shekau as "irrelevant" and urged Nigerians "not to lose sleep over the concocted audio rhetoric of the waning terrorist sect which is a usual antic of a drowning person struggling to hold on to anything to remain afloat".
Overall, Boko Haram's propaganda campaign has waned since the beginning of the year, when it used social media to promote sleek videos showing speeches and attacks.
The latest video, released to coincide with the Eid al-Adha festival in late September, is poorly produced and appears to show fighters praying but there is no indication of how recent all the footage is.
It has been two years since the US placed a $7m (Â£4.5m) bounty on Shekau's head but neither he nor his top commanders have been found.
As long as that is not achieved, the group will be able to rethink its strategy, recruit, rearm and develop new methods of operating.
The jihadists have shown that they can continue to inflict significant damage even with few but deadly explosions.
In one recent triple attack, they killed more than 100 people in Maiduguri, the capital of Borno state, where they were formed in 2002.
Using football to tackle Boko Haram
Who are Boko Haram?
The global concern for the missing Chibok schoolgirls still gives Boko Haram a bargaining chip.
The news of their abduction grabbed the world's attention in a way the deaths of thousands before were unable to.
The resulting scrutiny, as well as criticism from human rights organisations, means that the Nigerian military has taken a more cautious approach to the conflict than it did in the early days, when there were frequent allegations that the military was involved in widespread human rights abuses.
The new chain of command means that it is now more difficult than ever before for the insurgent group to agree to dialogue with the government
As the conflict escalated, Nigeria needed cooperation from its neighbours to secure the borders but this would inevitably come at a cost for Cameroon, Chad and Niger.
Each of these allies has now been attacked, as the IS militants look to extend their reach in West Africa.
Nigeria remains a priority for the Islamist fighters but what was initially a local conflict is changing.
If indeed Boko Haram is defeated in Nigeria, the fact that the group is now part of a wider international network means the campaign of violence could escalate in the neighbouring countries, particularly Chad and Niger, which have broader expanses of land, far more porous borders and are closer to Libya, where IS began its expansion in Africa.
For now, the coalition of the African Union-backed Multinational Joint Task Force should be reminded that a wane in the intensity of Boko Haram attacks says little about the strength of the group as a whole.
While aiming to end the conflict, President Buhari should learn from the mistakes of his predecessor, Goodluck Jonathan, who gave a series of failed deadlines to defeat the militants.
Mr Buhari's government, like many Nigerians, will be hoping for a speedy resolution but by now they know better than to be naive.
[A]: Nigeria predicts that Boko Haram will soon be defeated, but the militant group's ties with Islamic State mean that would probably push the fighters further into neighbouring countries, writes BBC Monitoring Africa security correspondent Tomi Oladipo.


[Q]: In his annual report, Lord Thomas said much needed to be done to address changes that would follow from far-reaching reforms now being planned.
"Although judges recognise that they are well-paid in comparison to most people, static pay (in real terms, reduced pay) and adverse alterations to pension arrangements (particularly for more recently appointed judges) have had a significant impact," he said.
"In addition, there has, overall, been a widespread feeling of not being valued or appreciated for their work."
Planned assistance includes:
Lord Thomas confirmed the Treasury had allocated Â£738m for modernising the courts and tribunals of England and Wales, with some of the money being raised from the sale of court buildings.
Past failure to invest meant that many courts lacked modern means of communication, he said.
"Outdated IT [information technology] systems severely impede the delivery of justice," he said.
IT was the central element in changes now being planned or piloted, the head of the judiciary said, though there would also be changes to court structures and procedures.
Courts were still using computer programs designed in the 1980s or 1990s "precariously supported by outdated operating systems", he said.
Lord Thomas had high praise for a report he had recently received from Lord Justice Briggs, the deputy head of civil justice, calling for the creation of an online court to decide cases worth up to Â£25,000.
Lord Justice Briggs said the central assumption of his review of the civil courts was that it was "now technically possible to free the courts from the constraints of storing, transmitting and communicating information on paper".
The challenge was to design a paperless court while recognising there would have to be a "substantial, difficult and probably painful transitional period before that revolutionary change is fully achieved", he said.
It required both a "willing suspension of disbelief" and an "informed imagination about the contours of a brave new paperless world for which there are few, if any, precedents", he said.
To show what could be done, he had conducted his entire six-month review without receiving or generating a single piece of paper - despite being a "two-finger typist", he said.
The new court would not decide all its cases online, Lord Justice Briggs said.
A judge might conduct some hearings on the telephone, by video conference or even face-to-face.
But it would be the first mainstream court in England and Wales designed to be used, from start to finish, without lawyers.
At least in its early development, it would deal only with money claims, Lord Justice Briggs said.
New software would guide litigants on how to formulate their claims and show them how to scan the relevant supporting documents using their smartphones, he said.
Next, a case officer would deal with conciliation and case management.
Finally, a district judge would decide the case - with a face-to-face trial being regarded as a last resort.
Claimants and defendants could still consult lawyers if they could afford them - but the online court would eventually become compulsory for low-level claims.
Lord Thomas recognised in his annual report that the justice system "has become unaffordable to most".
As a result, he said, "there has been a considerable increase in litigants-in-person for whom our current court system is not really designed".
The change programme - which, for the first time, is being driven by the judges themselves - would allow these and other issues to be tackled, the lord chief justice said.
But he was well aware of the strain this would put on the judiciary and support staff at a time when resources had been reduced.
As well as an increase in litigants without lawyers, the judges were "having to handle an ever-increasing quantity of challenging and emotionally charged cases in family and crime", he said.
Even so, "much remains to be achieved in order to improve morale and to ensure that the inevitable changes which will occur during the reform programme are sympathetically addressed".
Few people outside the courts have yet grasped the scale of the changes that are now to take place in the courts of England and Wales.
These are certainly the biggest changes to the machinery of justice since the 19th Century - if not before - and the judges regard them as essential if the courts are to continue to do more work with fewer resources.
[A]:
The lord chief justice of England and Wales is taking steps to improve judicial morale after reporting concerns among his fellow judges that their work was not valued or appreciated.


