instruction:
We would like you to assess the QUALITY of each of the following argument (discussing Death Penalty) and determine if the argument is Valid or Invalid. A valid argument is clearly interpretable and either expresses an argument, or a premise or a conclusion that can be used in an argument for the topic of death penalty. An invalid argument is a phrase that cannot be interpreted as an argument or not on the topic of death penalty.
question:
The argument for the death penalty as a deterrent has been proved wrong by the implementation of it through history.
answer:
Valid


question:
Having catastrophic emotional and physical effects, long and short term.
answer:
Invalid


question:
Consideration of error, be it the actually innocent convicted or procedural, is why we have appeals and the commutation/clemency process.
answer:

Valid


