In summer, some people avoid outdoor activities because they don't want to get hot and sticky or sun burnt.Luckily, there are some outdoor activities which don't involve breaking sweat. River rafting Hot summer weather and cool water-what a perfect match! River rafting can be both scenic and exciting.When the raft follows a gentle stream, the views of the countryside or valley is like a traditional Chinese painting.And when you enter white water where the riverbed creates a natural roller coaster, you feel a rush of adrenaline  .Paddle your raft to the riverbank to have a picnic or barbecue which will taste best when you are starving. Where to find: River rafting trips are usually on offer in mountainous or valley regions such as the Three Gorges. Tips: Wear a helmet and life jacket at all times; bring enough sunscreen; and bring lots of water. Caving People say that the only naturally air-conditioned place in summer is a big cave.It is true.Cave tours featuring light shows are .Now it's time to wear a lamp on your helmet like a mineworker to explore caves in darkness.Exploring unknown caverns and navigating underground rivers is what makes caving so thrilling.Plus, caving can be a very healthy sport, for the oxygen level is usually higher so basically you are having an oxygen spa as the bonus. Where to find: caving can be very risky, so consult local travel agents and go in groups with professional cavers. Tips: Follow your guides; drink enough water to avoid dehydration  ; and wear strong and not easily damaged hiking boots. Coastal walking/cycling and beach activities For those who live far away from mountains, coastal regions and beaches are good places to spend time in the summer.With sea breezes in your hair, it is nice to take a hike or cycle ride while enjoying the coastline.If you want to be sportier, try beach games, such as soccer and volleyball.It's a totally different experience from playing on hard courts or grass. Where to find: Just go to the beach or find an urban artificial beach such as the... Helen lives in a big city, where is the best place for her to spend weekends? A) A riverbank. B) Underground rivers. C) An urban artificial beach. D) Mountainous areas.
C
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In the United States alone,over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year.Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants.The electronic waste stream is increasing three times taster than traditional garbage as a whole. Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste,the concentration of gold and other precious metals was higher in So-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals. Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals.Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed,the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries,in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment. Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material,up to 100 times more,than the material contained in the finished products.Consider again the cell-phone,and imagine the mines that produced those metals,the factories needed to make the box and packaging it came in.Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well. The U.S Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that"the production, distribution,and use of products-as well as management of the resulting waste-all result in greenhouse gas release." Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start-for instance,buying reusable products and recycling. In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive for reducing waste.If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products,would they reduce the packaging in the first place? Governments' incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money.Why,they ask,should cities or... What docs the passage mainly talk about? A) The increase in e-waste. B) The creation of e-waste. C) The seriousness of e-waste. D) The management of e-waste.
D
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On Wednesday evening in New York, Apple broke the news that Steve Jobs had died. Since then, praise and respect have poured over the world like rain. He changed industries, redefined business models, fused  technology and art. People are comparing him to Thomas Edison, Walt Disney and Leonardo da Vinci, and saying it will be a very long time before the world sees the likes of Steve Jobs again. After all, there are other brilliant marketers, designers and business people. Many of them have studied Steve Jobs, tried to absorb his methods and his philosophy. Surely they can recreate some of his success. But nobody ever does, even when they copy his moves down. So how did he become a visionary who changed every business he touched? Actually, he has given us clues all along. The story of Steve Jobs boils down to this: Don't go with the flow. If Mr. Jobs saw something that could be made better, smarter or more beautiful, nothing else mattered. Apple has attained its current astonishing levels of influence and success because it is sensitive. It is incredibly focused. It has had amazingly few failures. And that is because Mr. Jobs didn't buy into focus groups, groupthink or decision by a committee. At its core ,Apple existed to carry out his vision. He focused on every button and every corner .He lost sleep over the cardboard of the packaging and the color1 of the power cord. He wanted to sell a smart phone that had no keyboard, when physical keys were what had made BlackBerry the most popular smart phone at the time. Eventually, of course, most people realized that he was just doing that Steve Jobs thing again: being ahead of his time. Mr. Jobs is gone. Everyone who knew him feels that sorrow. But the ripple of that loss will widen in the days, weeks and years to come: to the people in the industries he changed. The writer tends to think that   _  . A) Steve Jobs is greater than Thomas Edison. B) Steve Jobs combined technology with art C) Steve Jobs' methods can't be absorbed by others D) another Steve Jobs will appear before long

B
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