In this task, you are given a sentence and question which can be answered using the sentence. Your task is to answer the question using the information from the sentence. The answer to the question is unique and it is a continuous text span from the sentence.

Sentence: In November 1982 the Ministry of Education adopted a new authorization criterion , the so-called `` Neighboring Country Clause '' : Textbooks ought to show understanding and seek international harmony in their treatment of modern and contemporary historical events involving neighboring Asian countries . 
 Question: what   adopted something?
the Ministry of Education

Sentence: Quill pens were used to write the vast majority of medieval manuscripts , the Magna Carta and the Declaration of Independence . 
 Question: what was  used?
Quill pens

Sentence: In 1638 he defended John Hampden , along with co-counsel Robert Holborne , on his refusal to pay Ship Money , on which occasion he made a notable speech which established him as a leading advocate . 
 Question: what did someone make?

a notable speech ### a notable speech which established him as a leading advocate

