Given a passage and a query based on the passage, generate an unambiguous, concise and simple answer to the query from information in the passage. Note that the answer may not be present in exact form.

Ex Input:
Active and passive transport processes are two ways molecules and other materials move in and out of cells and cross intracellular membranes. Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions against a concentration gradient (from an area of lower to higher concentration), which does not ordinarily occur, so enzymes and energy are required. Passive transport is the movement of molecules or ions from an area of higher to lower concentration. There are multiple forms of passive transport: simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, filtration, and osmosis. Passive transport occurs because of the entropy of the system, so additional energy isn't required for it to occur. Compare. Both active and passive transport move materials and can cross biological membranes. Contrast •Passive transport of water across a cell membrane. •Movement of water is from a higher concentration of water (not solute) to lower concentration of water. •Water passes easily through the lipid bilayer. •Active transport to pump out water and/or solutes. •Most cells in multicellular organisms are bathed in solutions that are not much different inside and out of the cell. •Some unicellular organisms can move to different environments. In osmosis, the solvent (usually water) moves across a membrane to dilute the solute particles. 1  Article. 2  Article. 3  Article. 4  Article. 5  Article. 6  Article. 7  Article. 8  Article. 1. How do passive and active transport differ from each other? Passive transport • Does not require the use of energy. • Moves solutes and solvents across a cell membrane, from higher to lower concentration. • Simple diffusion – passive transport of small solutes thru the lipid bilayer. • Facilitated diffusion – transfer of larger molecules thru carrier or channel proteins. • Osmosis – diffusion of water thru the lipid bilayer. Active Transport a. Water will move out of the cell b. Water will move into the cell c. Fructose and glucose will move into the cell d. There will be no net movement of solutes e. There will be not net movement of water Contrast. 1  Active transport moves materials from lower to higher concentration, while passive transport moves materials from higher to lower concentration. 2  Active transport requires energy to proceed, while passive transport does not require the input of extra energy to occur. Active Transport Solutes move from a region of low concentration to high concentration. Active transport moves materials from lower to higher concentration, while passive transport moves materials from higher to lower concentration. Active transport requires energy to proceed, while passive transport does not require the input of extra energy to occur. Read and learn for free about the following article: Passive transport and active transport across a cell membrane article If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. • Does not require the use of. energy. • Moves solutes and solvents. across a cell membrane, from. higher to lower concentration. • Simple diffusion – passive. transport of small solutes thru. the lipid bilayer. Query: how does passive transport move

Ex Output:
Passive transport of water across a cell membrane. Movement of water is from a higher concentration of water to lower concentration of water. Water passes easily through the lipid bilayer.W


Ex Input:
Abdominal hernia symptoms and signs include pain and swelling in the abdomen or groin area. Read about hernia surgery, repair, recovery time, complications, and the different types of hernias. Drugs A-Z Pill Identifier Supplements Symptom Checker Diseases Dictionary Media Slideshows Images Quizzes Hernia Surgery Recovery Timeline Day 1-4 after hernia surgery: Following a hernia surgery, you should not plan to do any personal or work related activities. Basic functions can be performed, such as walking, eating, or visiting the store. Another type of hernia, called a ventral hernia, occurs in the midline of the abdomen, usually above the navel . Hernias can also occur within the navel (umbilical hernia). Hernia repair and the treatment of hernia complications require surgery. Lumps and swelling in the abdominal area should be examined by a doctor. What is an abdominal hernia? Week 4 after hernia surgery: Recovery is done at this point, but the healing process will still commence, based on your body. You will be able to return to all your activities, without any limitations. Umbilical hernia repair surgery is performed in two different ways: open hernia repair or laparoscopic hernia repair. Open hernia repair. During a conventional open hernia repair, the surgeon makes an incision near your belly button to access the hernia over the bulge site. Laparoscopic hernia repair Week 2 after hernia surgery: Now you should be able to return to work or school full time. Lifting thresholds will still be in place. Twenty pounds is the maximum amount of weight that can be lifted now. Umbilical hernia repair surgery is a procedure that fixes umbilical hernias. An umbilical hernia involves a bulge or pouch that forms in the abdomen. This type of bulge occurs when a section of the intestine or other abdominal cavity tissue pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall near the belly button. Symptoms of a hernia include pain or discomfort and a localized swelling somewhere on the surface of the abdomen or in the groin area. A hernia can also be painless and only appear as a bulging. The pain may be intermittent or constant and the swelling may decrease or be absent, depending on the amount of pressure in the abdomen. Each Hernia Repair Surgery Is Different. The average recovery time after having a hernia repair procedure performed is four weeks. Each patient is different, so this recovery time is not written in stone. The two common repair surgeries performed are open hernia repair and laparoscopic hernia repair. Query: how long is recovery from a hernia surgery

Ex Output:
The average recovery time after having a hernia repair procedure performed is four weeks.


Ex Input:
The average human pregnancy is 40 weeks long. However, a pregnancy is considered term between 37 weeks and 41 weeks 6 days. Babies born on or before 36 weeks 6 days are consider preterm or premature. Babies born between 37 weeks and 38 weeks 6 days are considered early term. Babies born between 39 weeks and 40 weeks 6 days are considered full term. 12 Weeks Pregnant Baby: All parts of your baby are developing, from tooth buds to toenails. Your baby will keep developing and getting larger and stronger for the rest of your pregnancy. On average, pregnancies lasted 38 weeks from the day of conception to the day the baby was born, or about 40 to 41 weeks from the day of the women's last menstrual period. (The latter measure is more commonly used to determine a woman's due date.) Your doctor will ask for your medical history which includes: 1  Medical problems. 2  The date of your last menstrual period. 3  Birth control methods. 4  History of abortions and/or miscarriages. 5  Hospitalizations. 6  Medications you are taking and medication allergies. 7  Your family’s medical history. 12 Weeks Pregnant. Baby: All parts of your baby are developing, from tooth buds to toenails. Your baby will keep developing and getting larger and stronger for the rest of your pregnancy. By the end of this week, the chance of miscarriage drops considerably. Mom-to-be: You'll feel more energetic for the next few weeks. Pregnancy can be broken down into days, weeks, months and trimesters. Day 1 marks the beginning of week 1 of pregnancy, month 1 of pregnancy, and the start of the first trimester. A baby is conceived during week 3 of pregnancy. Day 15 marks the beginning of the week 3. The average pregnancy is 280 days long. Another way to talk about the days and weeks of pregnancy is to combine the two units of measurement. Week 1 of pregnancy begins on 0 weeks 1 day and ends on 1 week 0 days of pregnancy. Week 2 of pregnancy encompasses the time between 1 week 1 day and 2 weeks 0 days of pregnancy. Tip of the Week: Eat plenty of foods that contain calcium, such as cheeses, sardines, and broccoli. Your baby needs it, and so do you. 10 Weeks Pregnant. Baby: Your baby is still small but looks and acts like a baby. Arms and legs are longer and can bend at the elbows and knees. But even after excluding babies who were born preterm, the length of pregnancy ranged from about 35 to 40 weeks from the day of conception to the day of birth (or about 38 to 43 weeks from the day of a woman's last menstrual period.) [See Are Firstborns More Likely to Be Late?] How long a healthy pregnancy lasts can vary by as much as five weeks, even when doctors precisely determined the date of conception, a new study suggests. Although the length of a healthy pregnancy is known to be variable, some of this variation was thought to be due to errors in determining the age of the baby, the researchers said. Tip of the Week: Start shopping for maternity bras. You'll need one pretty soon. You can go ahead and get nursing bras if you're planning to breastfeed. 11 Weeks Pregnant. Baby: It's another big growth week. When your doctor uses a Doppler stethoscope now, she can hear the rapid swooshing noises of the heartbeat. Your baby's genitals are developing, but the sex can't be determined yet by ultrasound. Mom-to-be: Pregnancy hormones show their good and bad Query: how long in weeks for pregnancy

Ex Output:

The average human pregnancy is 40 weeks long. However, a pregnancy is considered term between 37 weeks and 41 weeks 6 days.


