In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a 
. You have to answer the question based on the context.

[EX Q]: We extract user's age by applying regular expression patterns to profile descriptions (such as "17 years old, self-harm, anxiety, depression") BIBREF41 . We compile "age prefixes" and "age suffixes", and use three age-extraction rules: 1. I am X years old 2. Born in X 3. X years old, where X is a "date" or age (e.g., 1994). We selected a subset of 1464 users INLINEFORM0 from INLINEFORM1 who disclose their gender in their profile description. 
 Question: Where does the information on individual-level demographics come from?
[EX A]: From Twitter profile descriptions of the users.

[EX Q]: If we re-train the skip-gram model and update the emoji map periodically on new escort ads, when traffickers switch to new emojis, the map can link the new emojis to the old ones, assisting anti-trafficking experts in expanding the lexicon of trafficking flags. This approach also works for acronyms and deliberate typos. 
 Question: How is the lexicon of trafficking flags expanded?
[EX A]: re-train the skip-gram model and update the emoji map periodically on new escort ads, when traffickers switch to new emojis, the map can link the new emojis to the old ones

[EX Q]: A meta-research study found only 1 in 9 qualitative papers in Human-Computer Interaction reported inter-rater reliability metrics BIBREF31. Another related area are meta-research and methods papers focused on identifying or preventing low-effort responses from crowdworkers — sometimes called “spam” or “random” responses, or alternatively ”fraudsters” or ”cheaters.” Rates of “self-agreement” are often used, determining if the same person labels the same item differently at a later stage. 
 Question: What are the key issues around whether the gold standard data produced in such an annotation is reliable? 
[EX A]:
 only 1 in 9 qualitative papers in Human-Computer Interaction reported inter-rater reliability metrics low-effort responses from crowdworkers

