Based on the information present in the given passage, you need to write a correct answer to the given question. A correct answer is one that correctly and completely answers the question. Do not write answers that address the question partially or incorrectly. The correct answer must be contained in the given paragraph.

Ex Input:
Paragraph- Sent 1: Speed is an important aspect of motion.
Sent 2: It is a measure of how fast or slow something moves.
Sent 3: To determine speed you must know two things.
Sent 4: First, you must know how far something travels.
Sent 5: Second, you need to know how long it takes to travel that far.
Sent 6: Speed can be calculated using this formula: speed = distance time A familiar example is the speed of a car.
Sent 7: In the U.S., this is usually expressed in miles per hour.
Sent 8: Think about a trip you and your family made in the car.
Sent 9: Maybe the trip covered 120 miles and it took 3 hours.
Sent 10: What was the cars speed?
Sent 11: speed = 120 mi = 40 mi/h 3h The speed of a car may also be expressed in kilometers per hour (km/h).
Sent 12: The SI unit for speed is meters per second (m/s).
Sent 13: This is the unit of measure a scientist would use. 
Question: What is speed?.

Ex Output:
Speed is an important aspect of motion.


Ex Input:
Paragraph- Sent 1: New York (CNN) -- Three defendants pleaded guilty in federal court Wednesday to conspiring to defraud a Holocaust reparations organization out of $57.3 million, according to court documents.
Sent 2: Genrikh Kolontyrskiy, Moysey Kucher and Dora Kucher, all of Brooklyn, helped produce and process some of the thousands of fraudulent applications for the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany that are under investigation.
Sent 3: The organization, also known as the Claims Conference, distributes more than $400 million a year from funds provided by the German government to victims of the Holocaust.
Sent 4: "Our efforts to hold to account all of the individuals who participated in defrauding an organization that exists solely for the purpose of aiding victims of Nazi atrocities continues," said Preet Bharara, U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, in a statement.
Sent 5: The defendants aided in defrauding two funds managed by the Claims Conference, the Article 2 Fund and the Hardship Fund, of $45 million and $12.3 million, respectively, according to court documents.
Sent 6: The Article 2 Fund makes monthly payments of around $400 to survivors of Nazi persecution who make less than $16,000 per year "and either lived in hiding or under a false identity for at least 18 months," according to a news release from the U.S. Attorney's office.
Sent 7: The Hardship Fund pays a one-time payment of $3,500 to "victims of Nazi persecution who evacuated the cities in which they lived and were forced to become refugees."Sent 8: Kolontyrskiy, 80, knowingly processed fraudulent applications for payment while employed with the Article 2 Fund, according to court documents.
Sent 9: Moysey Kucher, 66, and Dora Kucher, 58, recruited individuals to provide identification documents that were used to prepare fraudulent applications for both funds, in exchange for money paid out to the false applicants, according to court documents.
Sent 10: Jesse Siegel, Kolontyrskiy's attorney, said his client was by no means a major instigator, but he takes responsibility for his actions. 
Question: What did the material contain?.

Ex Output:
Fraudulent documents.


Ex Input:
Paragraph- Sent 1: Soon after the conclusion of peace, important changes were made in legislation concerning industry and commerce, and the new freedom thus afforded produced a large number of limited liability companies.
Sent 2: Plans were formed for building a great network of railways, partly for the purpose of developing the natural resources of the country, and partly for the purpose of increasing its power for defense and attack.
Sent 3: The existence of serfdom was tackled boldly, taking advantage of a petition presented by the Polish landed proprietors of the Lithuanian provinces and, hoping that their relations with the serfs might be regulated in a more satisfactory way (meaning in a way more satisfactory for the proprietors), he authorized the formation of committees "for ameliorating the condition of the peasants," and laid down the principles on which the amelioration was to be effected.
Sent 4: This step had been followed by one even more significant.
Sent 5: Without consulting his ordinary advisers, Alexander ordered the Minister of the Interior to send a circular to the provincial governors of European Russia (serfdom was rare in other parts), containing a copy of the instructions forwarded to the Governor-General of Lithuania, praising the supposed generous, patriotic intentions of the Lithuanian landed proprietors, and suggesting that perhaps the landed proprietors of other provinces might express a similar desire.
Sent 6: The hint was taken: in all provinces where serfdom existed, emancipation committees were formed.
Sent 7: The emancipation was not merely a humanitarian question capable of being solved instantaneously by imperial ukase.
Sent 8: It contained very complicated problems, deeply affecting the economic, social and political future of the nation.
Sent 9: Alexander had to choose between the different measures recommended to him and decide if the serfs would become agricultural laborers dependent economically and administratively on the landlords or if the serfs would be transformed into a class of independent communal proprietors.
Sent 10: The emperor gave his support to the latter project, and the Russian peasantry became one of the last groups of peasants in Europe to shake off serfdom.
Sent 11: The architects of the emancipation manifesto were Alexander's brother Konstantin, Yakov Rostovtsev, and Nikolay Milyutin.
Sent 12: On 3 March 1861, 6 years after his accession, the emancipation law was signed and published. 
Question: Who authorized the formation of committees "for ameliorating the condition of the peasants"?.

Ex Output:

Tsar Alexander.


