Given a passage and a query based on the passage, generate an unambiguous, concise and simple answer to the query from information in the passage. Note that the answer may not be present in exact form.

Consists of a single layer of cells found on the upper surface of the leaf. It is covered by a thick waxy cuticle. The main function of the upper epidermis is water conservation. Although most of the cells of the lower epidermis resemble those of the upper epidermis, each stoma is flanked by two sausage-shaped cells called guard cells. These differ from the other cells of the lower epidermis not only in their shape but also in having chloroplasts. A cross section through the blade of a typical dicot leaf reveals 4 distinct tissue layers. 1  Upper epidermis.This is a single layer of cells containing few or no chloroplasts. The cells are quite transparent and permit most of the light that strikes them to pass through to the underlying cells. Upper epidermis.This is a single layer of cells containing few or no chloroplasts. 1  The cells are quite transparent and permit most of the light that strikes them to pass through to the underlying cells. The upper surface is covered with a waxy, waterproof cuticle, which serves to reduce water loss from the leaf. A cross section through the blade of a typical dicot leaf reveals 4 distinct tissue layers. 1  Upper epidermis.This is a single layer of cells containing few or no chloroplasts. 2  Palisade layer.This consists of one or more layers of cylindrical cells oriented with their long axis perpendicular to the plane of the leaf. What is the function of the epidermis and cuticle layers in a leaf? What is the function of the main vein of a leaf? What is the upper leaf epidermis in an image? The outermost part of the epidermis is composed of stratified layers of flattened cells, that overlies a basal layer (stratum basale) composed of columnar cells arranged perpendicularly. The rows of cells develop from the stem cells in the basal layer. ENaCs are found to be expressed in all layers of the epidermis. 1.The outermost layer of the leaf is the epidermis. It consists of the upper and lower epidermis, which are present on either side of the leaf. Botanists call the upper side the adaxial surface (or adaxis) and the lower side the abaxial surface (or abaxis). The epidermis aids in the regulation of gas exchange. The epidermis is NOT photosynthetic, with the exception of the two guard cells that surround each stoma. The upper epidermis typically has only about half the density of stomata that occur on the lower epidermis, so while transpiration does occur across the upper epidermis, not as much occurs as across the lower. The epidermis is the outer layer of the three layers that make up the skin, the inner layers being the dermis and hypodermis. The epidermis layer provides a barrier to infection from environmental pathogens and regulates the amount of water released from the body into the atmosphere through transepidermal water loss. The outermost part of the epidermis is composed of stratified layers of flattened cells, that overlies a basal layer composed of columnar cells arranged perpendicularly. The rows of Query: how does the epidermis function
The upper epidermis typically has only about half the density of stomata that occur on the lower epidermis, so while transpiration does occur across the upper epidermis, not as much occurs as across the lower like this the epidermis function.