Based on the information present in the given passage, you need to write a correct answer to the given question. A correct answer is one that correctly and completely answers the question. Do not write answers that address the question partially or incorrectly. The correct answer must be contained in the given paragraph.

Paragraph- Sent 1: Enter the Shoguns: Japan's austere, ruthless, but statesmanlike new ruler, Yoritomo Minamoto, set up his government in Kamakura (just south of modern Tokyo), well away from the "softening" influence of court life that had been the undoing of his predecessor, Kiyomori.
Sent 2: First of the national rulers to take the title of sei-i tai-shogun ("barbarian-subduing great general"), Minamoto expanded and consolidated his power by confiscating lands from some of the defeated Taira and redistributing them to his samurai vassals.
Sent 3: Minamoto died in 1199, and the feudal structure passed intact to the tutelage of his widow's family, the Hojo, who were content to play regent to a figurehead shogun, in much the same way as the Fujiwara had done with the emperor.
Sent 4: The fiction of Japanese imperial power had become infinitely extendable.
Sent 5: The emperor at Kyoto — still seconded by a Fujiwara regent at court — legitimized a Minamoto who was himself a military dictator controlled by a Hojo regent.
Sent 6: In a country where form and substance were inextricably interrelated, two things counted in politics: symbolic authority and real power.
Sent 7: Neither could exist without the other.
Sent 8: A thwarted Mongol invasion in 1274 weakened the Kamakura regime.
Sent 9: The fighting brought none of the usual spoils of war that provincial warlords and samurai had come to expect as payment.
Sent 10: And the treasury was empty after earthquake, famine, and plague had crippled the economy.
Sent 11: Buddhist monasteries were using their private armies to support imperial ambitions to bring power back to Kyoto.
Sent 12: Worst of all, the Kamakura warriors, resenting the way the Kyoto court referred to them as "Eastern barbarians," sought refinement in a ruinous taste for luxury: extravagant feasts, rich costumes, and opulent homes.
Sent 13: Kamakura was falling apart. 
Question: How did Minamoto expand his power?.
By confiscating lands from some of the defeated Taira and redistributing them to his samurai vassals.

Paragraph- Sent 1: LONDON, England (CNN) -- The most eagerly anticipated animated film this year hits big screens this weekend, as "The Simpsons Movie" opens worldwide.
Sent 2: The Screening Room spoke to creator Matt Groening and writer Al Jean in London about everyone's favorite two-dimensional yellow family.
Sent 3: Simpsons supremo Matt Groening with his creations at the film's premiere in Springfield, Vermont Matt Groening told the Screening Room that fans had driven the demand for the movie.
Sent 4: "We've had fans clamoring for a movie for the past 18 years," he said.
Sent 5: The film has taken four years to come to fruition, as writer Al Jean explained.
Sent 6: "What really held us up for a long time was to have enough people to do the show and the movie," he said.
Sent 7: "We talked for a while about doing the movie after the show is done, but the show is never done!
Sent 8: So it really started in earnest in 2003, when we started working on this story that became the movie."Sent 9: Technology has also played its part.
Sent 10: Jean continued, "The technology to do this film really wasn't even around five years ago.
Sent 11: For example, there was this joke I once pitched and David Silverman, the director, started drawing and as I was pitching it, it went into the film and it was cut a day later.
Sent 12: To go from pitch to cut in two days is pretty impressive."Sent 13: Its creators hope that "The Simpsons Movie" will both satisfy long-term fans and bring Homer and Marge's family to a new audience.
Sent 14: Groening told the Screening Room, "This movie is designed to both honor the people who have loved the show all this time, so there's lots of little details for them in the movie, little characters and stuff who they know and love, but we also want people who don't know the family to not be completely confused.
Sent 15: It is a complete movie experience, but again, we have a lot of little details that only the really, true die-hard fans are going to get."Sent 16: And fans can expect to be entertained by plenty of cartoon mishaps.
Sent 17: Groening said, "When you see somebody fall off the roof in a live-action film, it's funny -- we all love it.
Sent 18: But it's not as funny as when Homer falls off the roof. 
Question: How many years was the film held up from coming into fruition due to the need of having enough people for the film and show?.
4.

Paragraph- Sent 1: We do not know exactly how the hijackers gained access to the cockpit; FAA rules required that the doors remain closed and locked during flight.
Sent 2: Ong speculated that they had "jammed their way" in.
Sent 3: Perhaps the terrorists stabbed the flight attendants to get a cockpit key, to force one of them to open the cockpit door, or to lure the captain or first officer out of the cockpit.
Sent 4: Or the flight attendants may just have been in their way.
Sent 5: At the same time or shortly thereafter, Atta-the only terrorist on board trained to fly a jet-would have moved to the cockpit from his business-class seat, possibly accompanied by Omari.
Sent 6: As this was happening, passenger Daniel Lewin, who was seated in the row just behind Atta and Omari, was stabbed by one of the hijackers-probably Satam al Suqami, who was seated directly behind Lewin.
Sent 7: Lewin had served four years as an officer in the Israeli military.
Sent 8: He may have made an attempt to stop the hijackers in front of him, not realizing that another was sitting behind him.
Sent 9: The hijackers quickly gained control and sprayed Mace, pepper spray, or some other irritant in the first-class cabin, in order to force the passengers and flight attendants toward the rear of the plane.
Sent 10: They claimed they had a bomb.
Sent 11: About five minutes after the hijacking began, Betty Ong contacted the American Airlines Southeastern Reservations Office in Cary, North Carolina, via an AT&T airphone to report an emergency aboard the flight.
Sent 12: This was the first of several occasions on 9/11 when flight attendants took action outside the scope of their training, which emphasized that in a hijacking, they were to communicate with the cockpit crew.
Sent 13: The emergency call lasted approximately 25 minutes, as Ong calmly and professionally relayed information about events taking place aboard the airplane to authorities on the ground.
Sent 14: At 8:19, Ong reported:"The cockpit is not answering, somebody's stabbed in business class-and I think there's Mace-that we can't breathe-I don't know, I think we're getting hijacked."Sent 15: She then told of the stabbings of the two flight attendants.
Sent 16: At 8:21, one of the American employees receiving Ong's call in North Carolina, Nydia Gonzalez, alerted the American Airlines operations center in Fort Worth, Texas, reaching Craig Marquis, the manager on duty.
Sent 17: Marquis soon realized this was an emergency and instructed the airline's dispatcher responsible for the flight to contact the cockpit.
Sent 18: At 8:23, the dispatcher tried unsuccessfully to contact the aircraft. 
Question: Who took action outside of her training?.

Betty Ong.

