In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a 
. You have to answer the question based on the context.

We explored different normalization techniques. FBanks with cepstral mean normalization (CMN) perform better than raw FBanks. We found using variance with mean normalization (CMVN) unnecessary for the task. Using deltas and delta-deltas improves model, so we used them in other experiments. Models trained with spectrogram features converge slower and to worse minimum, but the difference when using CMN is not very big compared to FBanks. 
 Question: What normalization techniques are mentioned?
FBanks with cepstral mean normalization (CMN) variance with mean normalization (CMVN)

For comparison purpose, we build two baseline systems for each direction: one is use the traditional phrase-based statistical machine translation (SMT), the other one is the NMT system.  
 Question: what was the baseline?
traditional phrase-based statistical machine translation (SMT) NMT system

Each classifier is implemented with the following specifications:

Naïve Bayes (NB): Multinomial NB with additive smoothing constant 1

Logistic Regression (LR): Linear LR with L2 regularization constant 1 and limited-memory BFGS optimization

Support Vector Machine (SVM): Linear SVM with L2 regularization constant 1 and logistic loss function

Random Forests (RF): Averaging probabilistic predictions of 10 randomized decision trees

Gradient Boosted Trees (GBT): Tree boosting with learning rate 1 and logistic loss function Along with traditional machine learning approaches, we investigate neural network based models to evaluate their efficacy within a larger dataset. In particular, we explore Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), and their variant models. 
 Question: What learning models are used on the dataset?

Naïve Bayes (NB) Logistic Regression (LR) Support Vector Machine (SVM) Random Forests (RF) Gradient Boosted Trees (GBT)  Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN)

