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transitory gradual decrease in fetal heart rate below baseline rate in contracting phase Late Decelerations (cause) uteroplacental insufficiency caused by uterine hyperactivity or hypertonicity, maternal supine hypotension, epidural or spinal anesthesia, placenta previa, abruptio placente, hypertensive disorders, postmaturity, intrauterine growth restriction, diabetes mellitus, and intraamniotic infection Interpretation of a CTG tracing requires both qualitative and quantitative description of: 1  Uterine activity (contractions) 2  Baseline fetal heart rate (FHR) 3  Baseline FHR variability. 4  Presence of accelerations. 5  Periodic or episodic decelerations. 6  Changes or trends of FHR patterns over time. Recent Posts. 1  Maternal micronutrients, nurturing environment boost child development. 2  Scientists reprogram embryonic stem cells to expand their potential cell fates. 3  The global toll of fetal alcohol syndrome. 4  Clean-fuel cookstoves may improve cardiovascular health in pregnant women. FHR DECELERATIONS. Fetal heart rate deceleration patterns have been given descriptive names including early, variable, and late deceleration patterns. EARLY FHR DECELERATIONS. An early deceleration (Figure 1.2) is a gradual decrease from the FHR baseline with a nadir in 30 Monitor for further FHR changes. Maintain maternal position on left side. Maintain good hydration with IV fluids (normal saline or lactated Ringer’s). Discontinue oxytocin if it is being administered and late decelerations persist despite other interventions. Administer oxygen by face mask at 7–10 L/min. Monitor maternal blood pressure and pulse for signs of hypotension; possibly increase flow rate of IV fluids to treat. hypotension. early deceleration in fetal heart rate monitoring, a transient decrease in heart rate that coincides with the onset of a uterine contraction. late deceleration in fetal heart rate monitoring, a transient decrease in heart rate occurring at or after the peak of a uterine contraction, which may indicate fetal hypoxia. In 1997 and 2008, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development published standardized definitions of FHR patterns, including late and variable decelerations. 4,5 A late deceleration is defined as a gradual (onset to nadir ≥30 seconds) decrease in FHR, with the onset, nadir, and recovery of the deceleration occurring after the beginning, peak, and ending of the contraction, respectively. This fetal heart rate deceleration quiz will help you learn how to differentiate between early decelerations, late decelerations, and variable decelerations. On the NCLEX exam and in your maternity OB nursing lecture classes, you will have to know how to identify each fetal heart rate tone deceleration. Fetal Heart Rate Decelerations (Decels) During labor and delivery, the heart rate of a fetus should remain steady but, with the application of force during contractions, may decelrate from the baseline rate. A normal baseline fetal heart rate usually falls between 120 and 160 beats per minute. There are three categories of decelerations: Early Decelerations: Bradycardia :Mean FHR < 110 BPM. 1  A rate of 100-119 BPM in the absence of other non reassuring patterns is not usually a sign of compromise[ 4] 2  Etiologies: Heart block (little or no variability), occiput posterior or transverse position, serious fetal compromise.
Output:
early decelerations in fhr causes