Given an abstract, generate a keyword (a noun phrase) that best describes the focus or contribution of the paper. Such keywords can be directly from the given abstract or outside it.
One example is below.
Q: Abstract: Some patients converted from ventricular fibrillation to organized rhythms by defibrillation - trained ambulance technicians(EMT - Ds) will refibrillate before hospital arrival.The authors analyzed 271 cases of ventricular fibrillation managed by EMT - Ds working without paramedic back - up.Of 111 patients initially converted to organized rhythms, 19(17 % ) refibrillated, 11(58 % ) of whom were reconverted to perfusing rhythms, including nine of 11(82 % ) who had spontaneous pulses prior to refibrillation.Among patients initially converted to organized rhythms, hospital admission rates were lower for patients who refibrillated than for patients who did not(53 % versus 76 % , P = NS), although discharge rates were virtually identical(37 % and 35 % , respectively).Scene - to - hospital transport times were not predictively associated with either the frequency of refibrillation or patient outcome.Defibrillation - trained EMTs can effectively manage refibrillation with additional shocks and are not at a significant disadvantage when paramedic back - up is not available.
A: Ventricular Fibrillation
Rationale: This term is directly present in the abstract and it is one of the main topic in it. So can be chosen as the medical subject heading.
Q: Abstract: The findings of the Los Angeles County Street Drug Identification Program over the period from 1971 to 1980 for analysis of 1163 samples of street drugs represented as stimulants are presented. Of the 614 alleged cocaine samples, cocaine was found to be absent in 19.2%, found combined with stimulant substitutes in 22.5%, and found by itself in 58.3% of these samples. The validity for 473 alleged amphetamine samples was only 27.1%, with 23.0% of samples found to contain stimulant substitutes along with amphetamine, and 49.9% of the samples lacking any of the alleged drug. Seventy-six alleged methamphetamine samples showed 32.9% validity, with 3.9% of samples having mixtures of alleged drug and substitutes, and 63.2% of samples lacking any methamphetamine. A total of 15 different stimulant substitutes were found in 74 combinations. Caffeine, ephedrine, lidocaine, and procaine were the commonest substitutes.
A:
Adult