In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.
Example: Context: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving Th2 inflammation in CRS; however, their relationship with clinical disease characteristics has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to identify ILC2s in sinus mucosa in patients with CRS and controls and compare ILC2s across characteristics of disease. A cross-sectional study of patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. Sinus mucosal biopsies were obtained during surgery and control tissue from patients undergoing pituitary tumour resection through transphenoidal approach. ILC2s were identified as CD45(+) Lin(-) CD127(+) CD4(-) CD8(-) CRTH2(CD294)(+) CD161(+) cells in single cell suspensions through flow cytometry. ILC2 frequencies, measured as a percentage of CD45(+) cells, were compared across CRS phenotype, endotype, inflammatory CRS subtype and other disease characteristics including blood eosinophils, serum IgE, asthma status and nasal symptom score. 35 patients (40% female, age 48 ± 17 years) including 13 with eosinophilic CRS (eCRS), 13 with non-eCRS and 9 controls were recruited. ILC2 frequencies were associated with the presence of nasal polyps (P = 0.002) as well as high tissue eosinophilia (P = 0.004) and eosinophil-dominant CRS (P = 0.001) (Mann-Whitney U). They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia (P = 0.005). There were no significant associations found between ILC2s and serum total IgE and allergic disease. In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (P = 0.03). ILC2s were also correlated with worsening nasal symptom score in CRS (P = 0.04).
Question: Are group 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s ) increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps or eosinophilia?
Example solution: As ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP, they may drive nasal polyp formation in CRS. ILC2s are also linked with high tissue and blood eosinophilia and have a potential role in the activation and survival of eosinophils during the Th2 immune response. The association of innate lymphoid cells in CRS provides insights into its pathogenesis.
Example explanation: The output says that ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP and that they may drive nasal polyp formtion in CRS. The output also says that ILC2s are linked with blood eosinophilia and hence, it completely answers the question on the basis of the information in the context.

Problem: Context: In chronic renal failure leptin levels are elevated and BMD decreased, however, so far data about correlations between leptin and BMD in dialyzed patients are scarce. It has been suggested that leptin is a predictor of BMD in postmenopausal women. We examined the relationships between leptinemia, BMD and bone metabolism in HD and CAPD patients. We also assessed whether leptin is significant and independent predictor of BMD in dialyzed patients.', 'BMD was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) at lumbar spine and femoral neck in 25 HD and 23 CAPD patients. Markers of bone turnover and leptin were studied using commercially available kits.', 'In femoral neck BMD was significantly higher in CAPD patients, without significant differences in BMD in lumbar spine. There was a negative correlation between BMD at the femoral neck and time on hemodialysis (r= -0.45, p < 0.05). In CAPD patients BMD at the lumbar spine correlated negatively with vitamin D3 (r= -0.54, p < 0.05), osteocalcin (r= 0.54, p < 0 .05), and positively with BMI (r= 0.63, p < 0.01). BMD at the femoral neck correlated positively with BMI (r= 0.59, p < 0.01), and negatively with osteocalcin (r= -0.63, p < 0.05) and time on CAPD (r= -0.52, p < 0.05). Leptin correlate only with cholesterol (r= 0.25, p < 0.05), TSH (r= 0.35, p < 0.01), ss(2) microglobulin (r= 0.32, p < 0.001) and BMD at the femoral neck (r= -0.23, p < 0.05)in all dialyzed (HD and CAPD) patients.\Question: Are bone mineral density and bone metabolism related to leptin in hemodialyzed and peritoneally dialyzed uremic patients?

Solution: BMD depends on time of renal replacement therapy. Biochemical markers of bone metabolism poorly correlate with BMD and leptin in dialyzed patients. Leptin is not a predictor of BMD in dialyzed patients.