Chemically-induced cation permeability in red cell membrane vesicles. The sidedness of the response and the proteins involved.
Cation fluxes were measured in right-side-out and inside-out vesicles obtained from human red cells. Rubidium, which is spontaneously released at very slow rates, can be rapidly released from both types of vesicle by addition of valinomycin. P-Chloromercuriphenyl sulfonic acid (PCMBS) also increases the cation permeability of the vesicles with reversal to normal after addition of dithiothreitol. The effect of PCMBS is considerably larger and appears faster in the inside-out vesicles as compared to the right-side-out vesicles, the difference being greater at low temperatures. These data indicate that the SH groups responsible for the changes in cation permeability are more accessible from the inside face of the membrane. The response to PCMBS was not diminished after selective removal of extrinsic proteins by alkaline extraction, and/or after the membranes were exposed to proteolytic enzymes. The major polypeptide component remaining in vesicles after both treatments was a 17 000-dalton transmembrane fragment derived from band 3 which might, therefore, be responsible for the permeability response. Addition of Ca2+ to either right-side-out or inside-out vesicles, in the presence or absence of ionophore A23187, was without effect on monovalent cation permeability, indicating that the mechanism of Ca2+-induced K+ permeation was lost or inactivated during the preparation of the vesicles.