We have reviewed several different groups of common clinical problems with an eye toward their effects on FHR tracings. Although argument exists in the literature concerning the universal applicability of continuous EFM, most authors agree that continuous EFM is desirable, if not imperative, within these subgroups. Schifrin said, "It appears that potential benefits accrue when EFM and scalp sampling are employed with understanding and adequate training." With appropriate training, EFM and pH analysis can help the clinician to quickly and accurately assess fetal condition and to make necessary decisions regarding labor and delivery. The interpretation of fetal monitoring patterns necessitates consideration of gestational age and maternal condition as a starting point in analysis. The many other components of fetal-maternal interactions that occur with labor and delivery can be assessed satisfactorily only in this light.
Female Fetal Diseases