Prevalence of diabetes has risen or at best remained unchanged in virtually every part of the world over the last three decades
- had been 8.3 per cent of men, 9.8 per cent of men = 350 million in 2008
- biggest rise appears to be those equatorial areas which have gotten air conditioning since the study began (1980)
Diabetes has taken off most dramatically in Pacific Island nations, which now have the highest diabetes levels in the world.
- Marshall Islands, one in three women and one in four men have diabetes.
Glucose and diabetes were also particularly high in
- south Asia,
- Latin America, the
- Central Asia,
- North Africa and the
- Middle East.
systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2.7 million participants.'
Clipped from Saudi Arabia Air Conditioning show 2009
World Mapper Diabetes
- The highest diabetes prevalence is in North America. Of the total North American cases, 4% are in Canada, 33% are in Mexico, and 62% are in the United States.
- The largest population of diabetics in 2001 was in India: 56 million people.
- “Diabetes is responsible for over one million amputations each year. It is a major cause of blindness.
- Territory size shows the proportion of all people over 15 in the world living with diabetes who live there.
Air Conditioning probably has decreased vitamin D 2010 book, etc.
National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants
The Lancet, Early Online Publication, 25 June 2011
doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60679-XCite or Link Using DOI
Goodarz Danaei MD a *, Mariel M Finucane PhD b *, Yuan Lu MSc c, Gitanjali M Singh PhD c, Melanie J Cowan MPH d, Christopher J Paciorek PhD b f, John K Lin AB c, Farshad Farzadfar MD c, Prof Young-Ho Khang MD g, Gretchen A Stevens DSc e, Mayuree Rao BA c, Mohammed K Ali MBChB h, Leanne M Riley MSc d, Carolyn A Robinson MSc i, Prof Majid Ezzati PhD j k on behalf of the Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating Group (Blood Glucose)†
Data for trends in glycaemia and diabetes prevalence are needed to understand the effects of diet and lifestyle within populations, assess the performance of interventions, and plan health services. No consistent and comparable global analysis of trends has been done. We estimated trends and their uncertainties in mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and diabetes prevalence for adults aged 25 years and older in 199 countries and territories.
We obtained data from health examination surveys and epidemiological studies (370 country-years and 2·7 million participants). We converted systematically between different glycaemic metrics. For each sex, we used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate mean FPG and its uncertainty by age, country, and year, accounting for whether a study was nationally, subnationally, or community representative.
In 2008, global age-standardised mean FPG was 5·50 mmol/L (95% uncertainty interval 5·37—5·63) for men and 5·42 mmol/L (5·29—5·54) for women, having risen by 0·07 mmol/L and 0·09 mmol/L per decade, respectively. Age-standardised adult diabetes prevalence was 9·8% (8·6—11·2) in men and 9·2% (8·0—10·5) in women in 2008, up from 8·3% (6·5—10·4) and 7·5% (5·8—9·6) in 1980. The number of people with diabetes increased from 153 (127—182) million in 1980, to 347 (314—382) million in 2008.
We recorded almost no change in mean FPG in east and southeast Asia and central and eastern Europe.
Oceania had the largest rise, and the highest mean FPG (6·09 mmol/L, 5·73—6·49 for men; 6·08 mmol/L, 5·72—6·46 for women) and diabetes prevalence (15·5%, 11·6—20·1 for men; and 15·9%, 12·1—20·5 for women) in 2008.
Mean FPG and diabetes prevalence in 2008 were also high in south Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and central Asia, north Africa, and the Middle East.
Mean FPG in 2008 was lowest in sub-Saharan Africa, east and southeast Asia, and high-income Asia-Pacific.
In high-income subregions, western Europe had the smallest rise, 0·07 mmol/L per decade for men and 0·03 mmol/L per decade for women; North America had the largest rise, 0·18 mmol/L per decade for men and 0·14 mmol/L per decade for women.
Glycaemia and diabetes are rising globally, driven both by population growth and ageing and by increasing age-specific prevalences.
Effective preventive interventions are needed, and health systems should prepare to detect and manage diabetes and its sequelae.
Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and WHO.
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- Interactive tools
- Even in Sunny Areas, Vitamin D Intake Often Too Low - May 2010
- A person describing the summer in Duhai
- Overview Diabetes and vitamin D
- Air Conditioning probably has decreased vitamin D
- Perhaps Italians have air conditioning too: lower latitudes have less vitamin D – July 2013