The Commune Française was a radical socialist and revolutionary government in France. Following the defeat of Napoleon IV and the fall of the Second French Empire resulted in a new French government attempting to continue the fight. The socialist Germans subjected Paris to a brutal siege, where they supported an uprising by radical National Guard troops and workers, who formed the French Commune. Supported by Germany, the French Commune quickly spread across Northern France, but was opposed by the Third French Republic, which became a dictatorship following a coup d'etat by General Ernest Boulanger and the military. The two governments fought a civil war, and thanks to the return of the German military the Third Republic was defeated and Boulanger was driven to Algeria. The French Commune became a staunch ally of the Republic of Germany.
During this time the French Commune was ruled as a one party state, with the Communard Party controlling the government. The President was Jules Guesde, who gradually established a totalitarian rule.