while not taking into consideration the newly arrived students from onwards pisa findings further indicate that similar to most oecd countries firstgeneration immigrant students in sweden were the most academically disadvantaged among students with an immigrant background secondgeneration immigrant students are students who were bom in the country in which they sat the pisa test but who have two foreignborn parents returning foreignborn students are students who were not born in the country in which they sat the pisa test but who have at least one parent who was bom in such country