hence greening is a systemic challenge and requires actions along the whole value chain as evidenced in research by kemp et al the findings show clear signs of more energyefficient investments being made in cropdrying methods if energy use in the value chain as a whole is considered however drying technologies represent only a trivial component the energy wasted in inefficient logistics for example dirty diesel combustion in the trucks hauling produce from farm to drier in part a result of subsidized fuel is far more than any marginal gains in the cropdrying component and has largely been ignored in the greening policy agenda in many advanced economies final markets demand the greening of value chains and that is increasingly the case for middieincome markets in africa and other emerging economies a process sharpened by the rapid advance of global supermarket chains in africa and elsewhere