assuring interoperability would require the architects and developers of the blockchain layer to be knowledgeable of related database technologies and commonly used data structures critical security and privacy requirements of each key stakeholder eg energy and transport regulators digital infrastructure regulators financial institutions would have to be considered in the design as well it would be very important to maintain the decentralisation when adding external systems so that all the apis need to be decentralised as well creating multiple entrypoints to the system and therefore not centralising it by just having one possibility