over the same period this was faster than the average annual growth of coal per cent crude oil per cent and natural gas per cent the growth of modern renewables from to was much slower than historical expansions of coal at per cent per year from to oil extraction at per cent per year from to and natural gas production at per cent per year from to modern renewables half of which was wind power accounted for per cent of global electricity production in solutions that do not build on the prevailing prime movers and existing energy infrastructure will require decades to make significant dents in the primary energy mix