of note however sonpreference in urban areas lias declined over the years due to the empowerment of women and higher gender equality they are found to be lower than their maximum value as a result of delayed marriage and marital disruption the use of contraception and induced abortion and postpartum infecundability bongaarts the indices of marriage contraceptive use induced abortion and postpartum infecundability as well as the tfr and tf as obtained from the bongaarts model for the years and by residence are presented in table