in europe gridlevel costs for wind onshore represent about of the total electricity generation cost for dispatchable technologies while even higher values are observed for solar and wind offshore on average gridlevel integration costs for renewables account for about of the total electricity production cost as an illustration of the relation between plantlevel and gridlevel system costs figure shows the total costs for the six technologies in the united kingdom this analysis however does not fully account for other important aspects associated with the introduction of the new technology into the electricity system the reference system is a mix of conventional dispatchable technology such as gas ccgt coal and nuclear based on the respective shares in the national energy mix the new electricity system is constituted by variable renewable sources at or penetration level while the residual electrical load is covered by dispatchable technologies