this ranges from in malaysia to in singapore in korea and up to in china though it is notable that other security including equity may be required by some guarantee providers in china which will affect the effective riskreward ratio it is also noteworthy that the tenor of these loans when provided by commercial banks is relatively short commonly year in china otherwise generally years or less compared with the approach taken by dedicated funds such as mdv in malaysia over years with up to months repayment holiday measures to broaden the availability of skilled valuers are apparent in several markets though the japan patent office has taken a more direct approach by directing the provision of the valuation reports itself albeit provided by private sector companies