this includes emissions trading through voluntary and compliance market credits for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation redd and water and pollution trading schemes for example environmental pollution quotas for nitrate phosphorus andor salt discharges can be traded by low polluters to high polluters for whom the buying of permits is cheaper than installing antipollution technology despite initial difficulties projects like the clean development mechanism cdm where carbon credits can be generated through afforestation and sold in existing markets indicate a possible way forward on this the world bank biocarbon fund will purchase emission reductions of tc eq while the prototype carbon fund purchased million tc eq under a separate agreement in in addition to the world bank and moldsilva the republic of moldovas forestry agency local councils represent the participating rural communities