water supply and sanitation in the five other lgus of the metropolitan areas is either undertaken by lgus or by private suppliers the existence of water districts originated in the provincial water utilities act of which created the local water utilities association lwua water district concept encouraging lgus to transfer their water supply systems to water districts on a similar model as mcwd adb a the data presented below will often reflect the fragmentation of water suppliers and the lack of harmonised and available information across all areas of metro cebu see section for a discussion on data in the water sector