the value of modelbased approaches increases when moving to finer levels of spatial disaggregation detailed poverty maps are powerful tools for targeting social funds and for the design of safety nets work in this field should include supporting informed use of these estimates by publishing quality assessments eg standard errors relative sampling errors and providing guidance to data users this should include evaluating whether threeyear averages are significantly more reliable than yearly estimates given the survey data available and whether administrative sources could be used for the regional income indicators