linked to this is the question of governance and how policymakers and managers deal with competing interest groups and effect policy change in the face of varying positions while it was recognized that many fisheries management tools that incorporate uncertainty exists they may not be effectively applied due to implementation challenges associated with political social economic and financial factors for example there have been major changes in composition of the new zealand charter fleet in recent times and major decreases in midwater landings of a number of species as fish stocks move and distribution and abundance change there will be significant issues with respect to access and allocation between affected states and their commercial stakeholders possibly resulting in situations where national and local community interests may clash