in sierra leone for example projects started with an assessment of attitudes related to gender stereotypes around sanitation based on the information gathered awarenessraising sessions were organized to tackle attitudes concerning the work considered to be that of women and girls such as cleaning latrines washing clothes and dishes sweeping fetching water and cleaning and dressing children provision of adequate and affordable social services in particular health water and sanitation and care is essential to reduce the demands on women of unpaid caregiving and domestic work and thus increase their likelihood of gaining access to an education or an income of their own the growth and institutionalization of largescale cash transfer programmes and of noncontributory pensions especially in some middleincome countries are an encouraging development for women