most public discussions turn around shortterm physical interruptions of energy supplies due to isolated and nonpredictable events such as political crises commercial disputes sabotage meteorological events technical accidents or inadequacy of power generation capacity it is in this context that classic security of supply measures have been designed such as for instance the iea emergency response system for oil supply disruptions which has been used in cases as diverse as the first iraq war or hurricane katrina they also require specific responses such as improved transparency more effective regulation of increasingly volatile and complex commodity markets better coordination between suppliers and consumers as well as improved informational infrastructures in terms of standardising collecting and regularly publishing relevant data among all stakeholders