the lack of visibility and authority of such institutions may limit their ability to implement a wholeofgovernment approach to gender equality across policy areas however significant evidence gaps remain in a number of policy areas such as genderbased violence worklife balance practices entrepreneurship defence and the environment half of the countries responding to the oecd survey apply this practice at the national level but its use at the subnational levels is rare disparities can include discrimination in terms of opportunities resources services benefits decisionmaking power and influence wikigender