instead there should be a greater focus on energy efficiency so as to reduce total energy consumption the cost of the fuel import bill and the capacity and cost of the additional investment in renewable energy required to displace the remaining fossil fuel consumption lowerrisk commercially viable and proven technologies and measures such as replacing refrigeration and cooling with newer and more efficient equipment and maximising solar pv should be preferred in addition governments should incorporate the sdgs and ndcs into planning and budget processes undertake green procurement and energy efficiency retrofits and install solar pv on government buildings using the private sector