the method of calculating this new measure involves replacing total inequality in the denominator of the conventional ratio with the maximum betweengroup inequality that can be obtained given the criteria above elbers lanjouw mistiaen ozler this has the added advantage of allowing for a more natural comparison of inequality across different times and settings because the measure itself is normalised by parameters present in the data calculating the achieved betweengroup inequality as a percentage of the maximum possible betweengroup inequality yields some very interesting results see annex iii table a