women currently aged over who have had full careers less than ten years outside work and fulltime education are no less likely to provide daily informal care than women who have had interrupted careers as a result while female labour force participation rates are expected to increase in the future this may not be enough to reduce gender inequalities in the provision of informal care unless they are accompanied by broader shifts in perceptions of gender roles chapter effective social protection and infrastructure for ltc and better support for caregivers are therefore likely to remain important parts of policies against gender inequality