for instance at the g summit in hokkaido toyako in donors pledged to provide billion in oda to fight hunger group of and at the g summit in l aquila italy in billion over three years to address food insecurity in a sustainable manner group of a study evaluating such responses in emerging economies revealed the importance of providing targeted safety nets for the poor as emergency responses to food shortfalls while trade protection and building food inventories may enhance national food availability in the short run such measures may at the same time prove to be costly in terms of expenditure and contribute to keeping food prices high by restricting food supply in international markets jones and kwiecinski