they set up an intervention model in three stages primary intervention involves district and school wide reforms aimed at providing high quality instruction in a school climate that encourages regular attendance and other positive behaviour this they suggest can be done through equipping teachers to provide high quality instruction and ensuring a relevant curriculum that keeps students engaged they also suggest a culture of personalized and orderly learning environment and a strong connection with the family this corresponds to several of the preventive and preemptive measures we have seen targeting preprimary and primary school level