the comparatively large size of nuclear power plants requires increasing the amount of available reserves to offset according to the nl criterion the risk of a frequency drop in the case that a nuclear plant would trip these nuclear system costs are real and were estimated as being in the range of usd to per mwh slightly above those of other dispatchable technologies variable renewables such as wind and solar however generate system effects that are according to the results reported in chapter at least an order of magnitude greater than those caused by dispatchable technologies