microalgae are productive photosynthetic organisms on this planet that can double biomass on a daily basis under optimum conditions commercial algae farms can produce gallons equivalent to around litres of oil per acre compared to just gallons about litres of ethanol biofuel per acre grown with crops like maize replacing all us biofuel production with algae oil would need around million acres almost km of desert however it would potentially allow million acres equivalent to around km of cropland to be planted with human food and save billions of litres of irrigation water a year brennan and owende chen et al illegal unreported and unregulated iuu fishing and discarded catch bycatch also called unused catch are part of this problem and are all potential threats to the sustainability of fisheries fao