it then describes the main bottlenecks that can be envisaged as they relate to water use land use and energy use as well as the materials dimension of the nexus finally it motivates why an integrated dynamic modelling approach is most suitable for investigating the interlinkages of the nexus bottlenecks we need water to grow food and for energy production we need energy to grow food and to pump and treat water and we need land to produce bioenergy unsustainable use of these resources raises serious concerns about their looming scarcity