basin construction is also practised by farmers to direct flood water and to enhance good drainage on inland valley and flood plain fields stones and fertilizer bags filled with sands are often used as bunds by farmers to reduce soil erosion due to runoff and this practice often enhances silt deposition omotayo and musa these include the assurance of complementary interaction between crops and livestock such that slack resources from crops could be used as feed for livestock while livestock would provide draft power and manure to replenish the soil farmers use ciicatajijjiirra an indigenous method of soil conservation in ethiopia to maintain soil fertility through the process of kraaling cattle at night and rotating the position of the barn regularly in order to uniformly distribute manure to crop fields