results from pisa suggest that across oecd countries schools and countries where students work in a climate characterised by expectations of high performance and the readiness to invest effort good teacherstudent relations and high teacher morale tend to achieve better results on average across countries and particularly in some countries even after accounting for socioeconomic background and other aspects of the learning environment measured by pisa the results show that reading performance is positively related to higher values on the pisa index of teacherstudent relationship in oecd countries including the united states on the index of disciplinary climate in oecd countries including the united states and on the index of teacherrelated factors affecting school climate in oecd countries including the united stales table iv c in pisa results volume iv it is noteworthy that in no country is there a negative relationship between any of these factors and learning outcomes