these gender differences exist to a large extent because women still bear the brunt of the unpaid domestic tasks such as childcare and housework because of shortagehigh costs of childcare facilities and because of familyunfriendly work conditions oecd a world bank b table shows differences in the availability affordability and quality of childcare services across regions of the world economist intelligence unit moreover gender differences in the labour market can have longerterm consequences affecting women s and men s ability to save for both short and longterm needs as mentioned in the previous chapter and may especially impact women s outcomes in retirement box highlights the experience of new zealand in addressing women s lower outcomes in retirement