hence the effect of genderbased discrimination on income would be more detrimental for lowincome countries table summarises the estimated effect of genderbased discrimination in social institutions on income by income groups using quintile regressions of equation as well as ols regressions of equation in the ols regressions whatever the set of controls used the estimated coefficient of the interaction term is always negative for lowincome countries and positive for highincome countries and statistically significant