since for example an annual ecosystem status and trends document has been prepared to inform the fishery management process especially with respect to stock assessments definition of a longer term apparent pacific decadal oscillation mantua et al these and other studies have led to detailed multinational efforts to document climate variability in the northeast pacific through fisheriesoceanography coordinated investigations foci macklin the north pacific science organization pices and the north pacific anadromous fisheries commission npafc beamish ed