second welltargeted investment can be antiinflationary if it addresses supply bottlenecks that drive up prices to discuss the potential to address gender inequality it is useful to divide public investment into two subcategories physical infrastructure investment and social infrastructure investment targeted investments can reduce womens unpaid labour burden freeing up time to spend in remunerative labour activities with benefits for gender equality and intrahousehold bargaining power chiappori and meghir johnston et al children s wellbeing and economywide longrun productivity growth also benefit in economies at all levels of development transportation improvements reduce the time women spend in marketing goods and in provisioning for households they also enhance women s ability to access services and labour markets