some institutions also track changes in forest fragmentation ecologically important forest loss species richness and the proportion of terrestrial and marine area protected by climaterelated interventions eg idb cif and af la nevertheless improved local air quality is an important broader impact of certain mitigation actions and programmes eg climate and clean air coalition the availability of such data could also help to support a case for scaledup mitigation actions domestically for example by enabling researchers to better assess the benefits of mitigation actions in addition to costs to capture these important relationships several institutions track output and outcome indicators relevant to transportation and energy access eg the number of expected beneficiaries of a project