the delivery of energy services is a multisectoral phenomenon and thus considerations of the linked vulnerabilities of major infrastructures should be part of an analysis of potential adaptation options one of the biggest challenges is that some utilities are facing declining loads owing to the economic downturn and more wealthy customers opting to switch to selfgeneration energy options including solar pv systems with battery some utilities have found that their annual energy production has declined year on year in some cases for the first time ever a majority of this is from customers connecting small distributed renewable energy systems predominantly solar pv to the grid