in the next chapter we test and illustrate this approach on three indepth case studies and a number of other case studies from the nordic countries the conventions article emphasises an obligation to ensure the participation of the public in the definition and implementation of landscape policies and requires the parties to the convention to establish necessary procedures to achieve this hence peoples preferences for landscape experiences need to count more in policy processes with significant landscape impacts landscapes exist not only as physical entities that are the source of direct sensory experience but also as cultural constructs with symbolic meanings for certain people