in all regions women spend at least twice as much time as men on unpaid domestic work in the less developed regions many young girls aged take on a large amount of household chores including caregiving cooking and cleaning and older girls do so to an even greater extent while boys also do household chores their participation rate is not as high as that of girls moreover girls generally work longer hours than boys whether they are engaged in housework only employment only or both long hours of work affect children s ability to participate fully in education