A 36-year-old man from China presents with increasing fatigue. He has a 3-year history of tuberculosis, and CBC shows a mild microcytic anemia. Blood work-up demonstrates low serum iron, low iron-binding capacity, and increased serum ferritin. The pathogenesis of anemia in this patient is most likely caused by which of the following mechanisms?
Clonal stem cell defect Hypoxemia Impaired utilization of iron from storage sites Synthesis of structurally abnormal globin chains