What is DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
By data we mean known facts that can be recorded and that some implicit meaning for a specific group of people. When data is meaning full it is called information. The database is a systematic collection of relevant information presented for
What is DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
By data we mean known facts that can be recorded and that some implicit meaning for a specific group of people. When data is meaning full it is called information. The database is a systematic collection of relevant information presented for a specific purpose. Database Management System is a group of programs that helps users to manage a database appropriately and skillfully.
The operation used for associating data into instruction is called Data Processing. Data management is the function of managing the procurement; methodically examining, accumulation, restoration and allotment of data are the primary function of it.
The customary file processing system has some drawbacks. The benefits of using DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM can be stated as follows:
Data Redundancy and Inconsistency –
As different programmers are responsible of creating files and application programs from a long time, different files with different formats and programs are written with the help of various programming languages. Also, one can get a lot of information which are being duplicated on various files and ends up by increasing the storage cost and inconsistency.
Difficulty In Accessing Data-
Data retrieving process in connection file processing environment is just impossible or rather say “difficult”.
Due to the different formats of the files which consists of all the data, it is very difficult to come up with an entire new application program which would help in the retrieving the data’s.
Integrity Problems –
Data base consists of some data values which should meet a particular section of constraints which are being added in it. It is an absolute impossible task to opt for a new program to enforce them. When the constraints make use of different data items which are taken from different files, it creates huge problems.
Security constraints make use of different application program which are acting upon it, it is harder to maintain for a traditional file processing system.
Database instance & Database scheme
When the information’s are added and removed in the database, it changes with the change in time. The collection of information stored in the database at a particular pint of time is termed as a database instance. Database scheme is term which is used for the complete design of the database.
ANSI/SPARC-3 scheme architecture:-
3 scheme architecture intends to differentiate between the user application and physical database. This scheme can be classified into three sections which are as follows:-
The internal level
Every database has a storage structure which is explained by the internal scheme of the internal level. Physical data model is an element of internal scheme which is used to explain all the details of the data storage minutely. Along with it, the access path of the database is also being explained in it.
The Conceptual Level
In the conceptual level, a conceptual is being practiced which is used to illustrate the entire database structure for a group of users. The conceptual scheme doesn’t explain the physical storage capacity and prefer to hide the concepts of user operations, data type, constraints and relationships etc. At this particular level, high level data model or implementation data model are being preferred.
The External Or View level
External level makes use of the external scheme which is generally known as user views. It serves the purpose of explaining the components of the database which is preferred by the user group. The other least important components of the database are not explained by this group.
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