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Transcript of About tigers
What is the problem? Tigers are one of the Earth's fastest disappearing species. At the beginning of this century there were about 100,000 wild tigers. Today there are less than 2,500! Originally, there were nine subspecies of tiger - 3 of which are now extinct. The 6 remaining tiger species: Amur (Siberian), Malayan, South China, Indo-chinese, Royal Bengal and Sumatran all have very shaky futures.
They are disappearing from the wild because of:
Habitat Loss - Humans are getting on tigers' turf.
Poaching - Humans are illegally hunting tigers.
Population Fragmentation - Humans are separating tiger groups.
Population Fragmentation: Of any predator, tigers require the largest land area to survive and must compete with people for limited habitat and resources. As habitat is lost, people move farther into what was once the forest. Groups of tigers become separated from one another by villages and farms. This is called "population fragmentation." Consequently, tigers in one area can no longer mate with tigers in nearby areas. Instead, tigers breed repeatedly with the same small group of animals. Over time, this inbreeding weakens the gene pool, and tigers are born with birth defects and mutations.
TIGERS IN CRISIS... Since 1900, the endangered tiger's habitat and numbers have been reduced by up to 95 per cent. Poachers continue to poison waterholes or set steel wire snares to kill tigers and tiger prey, selling their skins and body parts for use in traditional Chinese medicine.
Despite 20 years of international conservation efforts, we are losing ground to save the tiger as, on the endangered species list, all sub-species of tigers are considered critically endangered species.
Sumatran Tiger - an Endangered Species Of the eight original subspecies of tigers, three have become extinct in the last 60 years, an average of one every 20 years.
The Bali tiger became extinct in the 1930's. The Caspian tiger was forced into extinction in the 1970's. And the Javan tiger followed in the 1980's.
The number of tigers in the 1900's --over 100,000 -- dropped to 4,000 in the 1970's. Today, they are a critically endangered species with the total of all the wild populations of the five remaining subspecies (Bengal tigers, IndoChinese tigers, Siberian tigers, South China tigers, and Sumatran tigers) is an estimated 4,600 and 7,700 tigers.
It is known that all remaining tigers live in small, isolated populations in widely scattered reserves.
Habitat Loss: Across all of Asia, places that were once covered with vast forests have been cleared for agriculture. As forest space diminishes, tigers can't find the prey they need to survive. As a result, tigers have begun to eat the livestock belonging to villagers who live near what's left of the forests. That's a problem for the livestock, it's also a problem for the tigers who sometimes get killed by villagers protecting their families and their livestock.
Poaching: Even though it's illegal to kill a tiger, people are still doing it. Why? Because every part of a dead tiger is valuable (more valuable than a live tiger in the eyes of poachers). A tiger's coat sells for as much as $20,000 on the black market. An intact tiger forearm can bring in hundreds of dollars per pound. Tiger penis soup sells for $320 a bowl in Taiwan. (Some people actually believe that tiger penis soup will increase their sexuality. Crazy? Absolutely!) Tiger bones, claws, eyes and even the whiskers command 