Nano-biotechnology is considered as one of the mainly vigorous field of research in new material science. Recently, biosynthetic methods employing both biological microorganisms such as bacteria (1) and fungus (2) or plants extract (2, 
Nano-biotechnology is considered as one of the mainly vigorous field of research in new material science. Recently, biosynthetic methods employing both biological microorganisms such as bacteria (1) and fungus (2) or plants extract (2, 3), have developed speedily as a trouble-free and feasible choice to obtain nanomaterials alternative to more complex chemical synthetic procedures. The particular distinctiveness like size, allocation and shape give the nanoparticles different properties from the bulk material (4).
Current nanotechnology developments have led to nanomedicine, a new field which includes many diagnostic and therapeutic applications involving nanomaterials and nanodevices (5). Synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extract supplies progression more than chemical and physical method as it is cost helpful, environment safety, simply scaled up for great range production and in this process there is no requirement to use high pressure, power, temperature and poisonous chemicals (6).
The green production of AgNPs requires three main processes, which have to be checked based on green chemistry phenology, include (1) the assortment of solvent medium, (2) the choice of environmentally kind reducing agent, and (3) the choice of safe substances for the steadiness of AgNPs.
Bio reduction of silver and gold ions to yield metal nanoparticles using plant extract (3, 7), Geranium leaf broth (2), Neem leaf broth (8) lemongrass extract (9), Tamarind leaf extract (10) and Aloe vera plant extracts (3) have been reported. Shankar et al. (8) reported on the synthesis of clean spiky nanoparticles of silver and gold by the reduction of Ag+ and Au3+ ions by Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf broth. Most of the reported green synthesis methods using plants took more than 1 hour for the formation of colloidal silver (11, 12).
Nanobiotechnology has enhanced the production of minor AgNPs with little toxic effect to human and more effectiveness alongside bacteria (13-16). Furthermore, nanoparticles are alternative to antibiotics viewing better action against multidrug opposing bacteria and consequently, plant derived nanoparticles proved better to other methods (17-19). The method of the AgNPs antibacterial action is efficiently explained in conditions of their interaction with cell membranes of bacteria by troubling its permeability and respiratory role (20, 21).
In this study, we used aqueous plant extract of Eruca sativa and Spinacia oleracea leaves for the creation of silver nanoparticles and study their antiseptic activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Plant Material and Synthesis of the Extract
Fresh leaves of (Eruca sativa and Spinacia oleracea) were used to make the extract. 25 g of fresh green leaves were systematically washed with distilled water followed by double distilled water to take away the dust particles and other pollutants. Then the plant substance was chopped into fine slices and taken in a clean 250 mL Erlenmeyer conical flask and 100 mL of germ-free double distilled water was added and incubated on a sand bath at 60 ºC for 30 min to facilitate the formation of aqueous leaf extract. The extract was then filtered using Whitman No. 1 filter paper. The plant extract is used for the synthesis of AgNPs and the extract can be stored at 4 ºC for further use.
3.2. Preparation of 1 mM Silver Nitrate Solution
For the preparation of 1 mM Silver nitrate (AgNO3) 0.02 g of AgNO3 was added to 100 mL of double distilled water. The solution was mixed thoroughly and stored in an amber colored bottle in order to prevent auto oxidation of silver.
3.3. Synthesis of Silver Nano Particles
For the production of 5% plant mediated AgNPs; 5 mL of plant extract was added to 95 mL of 1 mM silver nitrate solution and incubated on a sand bath at 60 ºC for 30 min after that the color change was observed. This indicates the preliminary confirmation for the formation of AgNPs. The brown color formation indicates that the AgNPs were synthesized from the herbs extract and they were centrifuged at 5000 rpm (Hettich EBA20S Portable Centrifuge) for 10 min in order to obtain the pellet which is used for further study.
3.4. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
TEM measurements and photographs were carried out on a JEOL-TEM 1200 EX II Transmission Electron Microscope in the Faculty of science in Alexandria University (Alexandria, Egypt). The sample was dried in order to take the photograph.
3.5. Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometer (EDX) Analysis
AgNPs were cut-off by centrifuging 20 mL of solution in water including AgNPs for 10 min at 15,000 rpm (Hettich EBA20S Portable Centrifuge). The pellets were obtained and dehydrated in oven at 50